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{"key":"open-science-source-02/c34","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/281f0fdb56be475a","nativeRecordCid":"26faf6d4-19e5-4319-8a27-cd2009afbb90","documentId":"open-science-source-02","id":"c34","text":"The growth of OA must be assessed against the gains and losses for the equity, quality, usability, and sustainability of research.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"","subject":"growth of OA","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"We must assess the growth of OA against the gains and losses for these further ends.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-02/c35","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/ea06f4bd52c0465c","nativeRecordCid":"97c8c46a-3397-4ee7-985e-4e8e7db3adac","documentId":"open-science-source-02","id":"c35","text":"Strategies to grow OA must be chosen to be consistent with the goals of equity, quality, usability, and sustainability of research and bring research steadily closer to their realization.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"","subject":"strategies to grow OA","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"We must pick strategies to grow OA that are consistent with these further ends and bring us steadily closer to their realization.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-02/c36","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/9626047c90cc4379","nativeRecordCid":"cc19f24b-9c9a-43c8-b951-2f9d6b890287","documentId":"open-science-source-02","id":"c36","text":"Shorter lists of recommendations can be more effective than longer lists.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"shorter lists of recommendations","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"But our experience is that shorter lists can be more effective than longer ones.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-02/c37","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/9b37a57dc9694788","nativeRecordCid":"327ada27-006f-4e3c-82fa-067f774ed671","documentId":"open-science-source-02","id":"c37","text":"Short lists of recommendations prevent high-priority recommendations from becoming buried in an avalanche of worthy but less-urgent recommendations.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"short lists of recommendations","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"They prevent high-priority recommendations from becoming buried in an avalanche of worthy but less-urgent recommendations.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-02/c38","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/3717aec3683b45e0","nativeRecordCid":"d4a5b8da-15b9-44d0-abac-d33c061328c5","documentId":"open-science-source-02","id":"c38","text":"UNESCO member states should implement the principles in the UNESCO Recommendations on Open Science.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"UNESCO member states","subject":"UNESCO Recommendations on Open Science","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"We urge all UNESCO member states to implement the principles in the new recommendations.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-02/c39","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/ea047c501d914779","nativeRecordCid":"a6065b39-a1bd-4837-bb91-802b8428af7f","documentId":"open-science-source-02","id":"c39","text":"Open access is not an end in itself, but a means to further ends.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"open access","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Open access is not an end in itself, but a means to further ends. Above all, it is a means to the equity, quality, usability, and sustainability of research.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-02/c40","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/eb93ef1bf6734f2c","nativeRecordCid":"6711ec79-2320-4b52-862e-3f74c72eec9e","documentId":"open-science-source-02","id":"c40","text":"Open access is a means to the equity of research.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"open access","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Open access is not an end in itself, but a means to further ends. Above all, it is a means to the equity, quality, usability, and sustainability of research.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-02/c41","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/878c5c759c9447fa","nativeRecordCid":"56c9f26a-07e1-4ea3-88fb-d022ae7dca0f","documentId":"open-science-source-02","id":"c41","text":"Open access is a means to the quality of research.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"open access","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Open access is not an end in itself, but a means to further ends. Above all, it is a means to the equity, quality, usability, and sustainability of research.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-02/c42","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/24a2a15087bf4703","nativeRecordCid":"0805b695-dd59-43e0-8f0d-a7a281af1c9d","documentId":"open-science-source-02","id":"c42","text":"Open access is a means to the usability of research.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"open access","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Open access is not an end in itself, but a means to further ends. Above all, it is a means to the equity, quality, usability, and sustainability of research.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-02/c43","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/5ebb44fb6633407e","nativeRecordCid":"eeeb0fc2-ca6f-409c-ad89-28866709d3fc","documentId":"open-science-source-02","id":"c43","text":"Open access is a means to the sustainability of research.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"open access","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Open access is not an end in itself, but a means to further ends. Above all, it is a means to the equity, quality, usability, and sustainability of research.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-02/c44","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/9ca30be17b144570","nativeRecordCid":"37661c77-5120-46dd-96d8-a8207d135b99","documentId":"open-science-source-02","id":"c44","text":"Infrastructure used to host and publish OA research should minimize the risk of future access restrictions or control by commercial organizations.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"","subject":"infrastructure for OA research","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Use infrastructure that minimizes the risk of future access restrictions or control by commercial organizations.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-02/c45","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/388231d5be8c47ea","nativeRecordCid":"257af7b9-e50e-4602-a383-abff4ba0911c","documentId":"open-science-source-02","id":"c45","text":"Where open infrastructure is not yet adequate for current needs, it should be developed further.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"","subject":"open infrastructure adequacy","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Where open infrastructure is not yet adequate for current needs, develop it further.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-02/c46","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/e80ec6677471425b","nativeRecordCid":"6c1cc4a0-b994-4d36-8b39-28331af10c54","documentId":"open-science-source-02","id":"c46","text":"Publishing and distribution channels should be inclusive and never exclude authors on economic grounds.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"","subject":"publishing and distribution channels","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"**3. Favor inclusive publishing and distribution channels that never exclude authors on economic grounds.**","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-02/c47","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/783fd0788b514bef","nativeRecordCid":"62316c5a-de93-407c-ac89-aa0e134f0a26","documentId":"open-science-source-02","id":"c47","text":"OA repositories and no-APC journals (green and diamond OA) should be taken full advantage of.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"","subject":"OA repositories and no-APC journals","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Take full advantage of OA repositories and no-APC journals (“green” and “diamond” OA).","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-02/c48","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/70c4e4625da14892","nativeRecordCid":"c24eb72f-0753-4ef1-8164-a22132e5236d","documentId":"open-science-source-02","id":"c48","text":"Article processing charges (APCs) should be moved away from.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"","subject":"article processing charges","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Move away from article processing charges (APCs).","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-02/c49","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/3bc08fc427e04ffe","nativeRecordCid":"69a83dfd-82e5-45f3-b1e6-4affdd2e9d10","documentId":"open-science-source-02","id":"c49","text":"Models used to publish OA research should benefit all regions of the world.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"","subject":"OA publishing models","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Favor models which benefit all regions of the world, which are controlled by academic-led and nonprofit organizations, which avoid concentrating new OA literature in commercially dominant journals, and which avoid entrenching models in conflict with these goals.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-02/c50","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/b2b27a27568a481f","nativeRecordCid":"3db61d08-0732-4d19-b35a-38685258933b","documentId":"open-science-source-02","id":"c50","text":"Models used to publish OA research should be controlled by academic-led and nonprofit organizations.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"","subject":"OA publishing models","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Favor models which benefit all regions of the world, which are controlled by academic-led and nonprofit organizations, which avoid concentrating new OA literature in commercially dominant journals, and which avoid entrenching models in conflict with these goals.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-02/c51","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/9b84e393e6d447d8","nativeRecordCid":"c3610037-0b09-4448-8391-b03dcf31d8ce","documentId":"open-science-source-02","id":"c51","text":"Models used to publish OA research should avoid concentrating new OA literature in commercially dominant journals.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"","subject":"OA publishing models","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Favor models which benefit all regions of the world, which are controlled by academic-led and nonprofit organizations, which avoid concentrating new OA literature in commercially dominant journals, and which avoid entrenching models in conflict with these goals.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-02/c52","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/e103c05dd55c4ebc","nativeRecordCid":"936f4ac7-a2d5-4a5d-962e-90ab03fe2315","documentId":"open-science-source-02","id":"c52","text":"Models used to publish OA research should avoid entrenching models in conflict with the goals of open access.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"","subject":"OA publishing models","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Favor models which benefit all regions of the world, which are controlled by academic-led and nonprofit organizations, which avoid concentrating new OA literature in commercially dominant journals, and which avoid entrenching models in conflict with these goals.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-02/c53","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/3d0a7648c02a42e5","nativeRecordCid":"b8794f6f-7c82-4dd3-a938-e95094fff1df","documentId":"open-science-source-02","id":"c53","text":"Read-and-publish agreements should be moved away from.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"","subject":"read-and-publish agreements","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Move away from read-and-publish agreements.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-02/c54","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/e3153f7f3df24ffc","nativeRecordCid":"72f62ec6-2efe-489e-9d2e-742beaa1791f","documentId":"open-science-source-02","id":"c54","text":"OA texts, data, metadata, code, and other digital research outputs should be hosted and published on open, community-controlled infrastructure.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"","subject":"OA research outputs","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"**We recommend hosting and publishing OA texts, data, metadata, code, and other digital research outputs on open, community-controlled infrastructure.**","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-02/c55","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/336f64b6ab1942fb","nativeRecordCid":"0cfadf61-e294-4d7c-a64c-dfcc2eda1a20","documentId":"open-science-source-02","id":"c55","text":"Open, community-controlled infrastructure is built from free and open-source software.","kind":"definitional","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"open community-controlled infrastructure","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"By this we mean infrastructure built from free and open-source software, operating under open standards, with open APIs for interoperability, and whenever possible, on platforms owned or controlled by academic-led or other nonprofit organizations.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-02/c56","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/d04a3d5fc78f4bbd","nativeRecordCid":"fabe4887-dc2c-46b8-9813-f32f7e392738","documentId":"open-science-source-02","id":"c56","text":"Open, community-controlled infrastructure operates under open standards.","kind":"definitional","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"open community-controlled infrastructure","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"By this we mean infrastructure built from free and open-source software, operating under open standards, with open APIs for interoperability, and whenever possible, on platforms owned or controlled by academic-led or other nonprofit organizations.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-02/c57","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/525898242201455d","nativeRecordCid":"cff0d42d-1782-4ad1-9c7b-595662780a9d","documentId":"open-science-source-02","id":"c57","text":"Open, community-controlled infrastructure has open APIs for interoperability.","kind":"definitional","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"open community-controlled infrastructure","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"By this we mean infrastructure built from free and open-source software, operating under open standards, with open APIs for interoperability, and whenever possible, on platforms owned or controlled by academic-led or other nonprofit organizations.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-02/c58","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/60783cc5d8da411d","nativeRecordCid":"f05ae3d8-b547-4898-a63d-e0420eb22867","documentId":"open-science-source-02","id":"c58","text":"Open, community-controlled infrastructure is, whenever possible, on platforms owned or controlled by academic-led or other nonprofit organizations.","kind":"definitional","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"open community-controlled infrastructure","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"By this we mean infrastructure built from free and open-source software, operating under open standards, with open APIs for interoperability, and whenever possible, on platforms owned or controlled by academic-led or other nonprofit organizations.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-02/c59","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/6e6f9b67e40941fb","nativeRecordCid":"1b6362ff-5d63-4f13-8ef2-af5c1e77cb6b","documentId":"open-science-source-02","id":"c59","text":"OA research is at risk of enclosure when hosted on closed, proprietary, or commercial infrastructure.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"OA research on closed infrastructure","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"OA research is at risk of enclosure when hosted on closed, proprietary, or commercial infrastructure.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-02/c60","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/8fc18b353e514884","nativeRecordCid":"05ff76b3-f474-4ec5-95c7-9bd757760998","documentId":"open-science-source-02","id":"c60","text":"OA research is safest in academic-led institutions and infrastructure that are not subject to future acquisition, profit-maximizing access decisions, or the risk of enclosure.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"OA research safety","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"OA research is safest in academic-led institutions and infrastructure not subject to future acquisition, not subject to profit-maximizing access decisions, and not subject to the risk of enclosure.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-02/c61","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/1128dab6e3754e20","nativeRecordCid":"114b02e0-6cd3-4050-b4d0-2e24134259ea","documentId":"open-science-source-02","id":"c61","text":"Adopting academic-led open infrastructure is part of keeping OA research open.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"academic-led open infrastructure","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Adopting academic-led open infrastructure is part of keeping OA research open and making it sustainable.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-02/c62","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/c7c5f0afc94b434c","nativeRecordCid":"1e66e172-1572-4759-90cd-aa93e57ae7f1","documentId":"open-science-source-02","id":"c62","text":"Adopting academic-led open infrastructure is part of making OA research sustainable.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"academic-led open infrastructure","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Adopting academic-led open infrastructure is part of keeping OA research open and making it sustainable.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-02/c63","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/78c40ef38f2442f2","nativeRecordCid":"429c5e77-7907-4eb5-9872-77eb3680fd32","documentId":"open-science-source-02","id":"c63","text":"Adopting academic-led open infrastructure is part of decoupling discoverability from publishing.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"academic-led open infrastructure","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"It is also part of decoupling discoverability, peer review, impact measurement, and research assessment from publishing.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-02/c64","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/373d5464a4c4486a","nativeRecordCid":"75b0cae2-302f-4332-afaa-80cc3de87de3","documentId":"open-science-source-02","id":"c64","text":"Adopting academic-led open infrastructure is part of decoupling peer review from publishing.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"academic-led open infrastructure","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"It is also part of decoupling discoverability, peer review, impact measurement, and research assessment from publishing.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-02/c65","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/1f8917b41c794665","nativeRecordCid":"a421ea43-1e18-452b-aace-7ec35dbe5dd1","documentId":"open-science-source-02","id":"c65","text":"Adopting academic-led open infrastructure is part of decoupling impact measurement from publishing.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"academic-led open infrastructure","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"It is also part of decoupling discoverability, peer review, impact measurement, and research assessment from publishing.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-02/c66","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/0f0bc03b1e3c4091","nativeRecordCid":"348394ab-96c5-4d4e-8e53-308b16ac4261","documentId":"open-science-source-02","id":"c66","text":"Adopting academic-led open infrastructure is part of decoupling research assessment from publishing.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"academic-led open infrastructure","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"It is also part of decoupling discoverability, peer review, impact measurement, and research assessment from publishing.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-02/c67","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/58ef678a36344bb7","nativeRecordCid":"2210afba-26ba-4e40-9080-d69cd3dbda2f","documentId":"open-science-source-02","id":"c67","text":"Distributed, independent, interoperable modules of open infrastructure should be favored over centralized platforms.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"","subject":"open infrastructure modules","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"We recommend distributed, independent, interoperable modules of open infrastructure over centralized platforms.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-02/c68","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/f6148cf2b5a24106","nativeRecordCid":"8ab1fc9f-145d-4059-887f-b9a5dfd4eb76","documentId":"open-science-source-02","id":"c68","text":"Centralization creates monocultures.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"centralization","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Centralization creates monocultures, and monocultures create risks of lock-in and stagnation. They create these risks even in the absence of monopoly and even when open.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-02/c69","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/9177827d986e47b4","nativeRecordCid":"f9849069-89f7-4bef-8402-f182b5e11ea6","documentId":"open-science-source-02","id":"c69","text":"Monocultures create a risk of lock-in even in the absence of monopoly and even when open.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"monocultures","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Centralization creates monocultures, and monocultures create risks of lock-in and stagnation. They create these risks even in the absence of monopoly and even when open.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-02/c70","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/186a8a7def1f42a6","nativeRecordCid":"dc5fce58-d594-49d7-bc1a-b87b49233690","documentId":"open-science-source-02","id":"c70","text":"Monocultures create a risk of stagnation even in the absence of monopoly and even when open.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"monocultures","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Centralization creates monocultures, and monocultures create risks of lock-in and stagnation. They create these risks even in the absence of monopoly and even when open.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-02/c71","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/09a413dfa7d44b39","nativeRecordCid":"28ddab33-f937-4480-b472-20ea386ae233","documentId":"open-science-source-02","id":"c71","text":"When universities, research institutions, and funding agencies select or build new research platforms, they should insist on open infrastructure.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"universities, research institutions, and funding agencies","subject":"selecting or building research platforms","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"When universities, research institutions, and funding agencies select or build new research platforms, they should insist on open infrastructure.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-02/c72","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/2a2c4efbd9584c76","nativeRecordCid":"bad51872-17d7-4bf9-85a0-86d248141592","documentId":"open-science-source-02","id":"c72","text":"When nations build research platforms, or call for bids on research platforms, they should insist on open infrastructure.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"nations","subject":"building or bidding research platforms","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"When nations build research platforms, or call for bids on research platforms, they should insist on open infrastructure.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-02/c73","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/e06cda93946b4e6b","nativeRecordCid":"92bbfc97-5563-4ed9-9aae-30035093dd77","documentId":"open-science-source-02","id":"c73","text":"When it is important to use services from for-profit companies, research organizations should favor those using open-source infrastructure.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"research organizations","subject":"choosing for-profit service providers","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"When it is important to use services from for-profit companies, research organizations should favor those using open-source infrastructure.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-02/c74","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/3e6c01a5d97d4c8a","nativeRecordCid":"3f6eb889-4e0d-4f39-9a63-bd811f3e4cae","documentId":"open-science-source-02","id":"c74","text":"If a vendor providing open-source infrastructure later changes priorities or changes hands, the research community would still possess the software and undiminished rights to use it.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"vendor using open-source infrastructure","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"If the vendor later changes priorities, or changes hands, the research community would still possess the software and undiminished rights to use it.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-02/c75","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/57621dcfddeb46ad","nativeRecordCid":"fb613a22-e376-4685-b48e-f2532b279212","documentId":"open-science-source-02","id":"c75","text":"For a given purpose at a given time, the best closed infrastructure can be better than the open alternatives.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"closed infrastructure","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"For a given purpose at a given time, the best closed infrastructure can be better than the open alternatives.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-02/c76","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/8103cf588d284c7e","nativeRecordCid":"831c36d0-5e8d-48d8-a91f-11d79b2ec789","documentId":"open-science-source-02","id":"c76","text":"Academic institutions should always consider enhancing existing open infrastructure before adopting closed infrastructure.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"academic institutions","subject":"choosing between open and closed infrastructure","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"While acknowledging that, we recommend that academic institutions always consider enhancing existing open infrastructure before adopting closed infrastructure.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-02/c77","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/c62044ffc1184282","nativeRecordCid":"9d8ad4fd-fc6f-4dbe-9162-9625f421da6d","documentId":"open-science-source-02","id":"c77","text":"Inadequate open alternatives could be a good short-term reason to choose closed infrastructure.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"inadequate open alternatives","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"If the open alternatives are inadequate, that could be a good short-term reason to choose closed infrastructure.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-02/c78","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/931afffc16034495","nativeRecordCid":"ae0b0995-394b-4f19-b52e-2b4ed20661b8","documentId":"open-science-source-02","id":"c78","text":"Inadequate open alternatives are a good long-term reason to improve the open alternatives.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"inadequate open alternatives","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"At the same time, it’s a good long-term reason to improve the open alternatives.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-02/c79","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/0582253ba4d7433f","nativeRecordCid":"72d06d05-6b32-486a-bc9b-15bd6de2f277","documentId":"open-science-source-02","id":"c79","text":"If first-rate open infrastructure is unavailable today for a given purpose, steps should be taken to have it tomorrow.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"","subject":"first-rate open infrastructure","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"If we can’t have first-rate open infrastructure today, for a given purpose, we should take steps to have it tomorrow.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-02/c80","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/ac600bb67bc24b0f","nativeRecordCid":"dcc28a6e-a43b-492d-b1c5-318dd3bc8ac8","documentId":"open-science-source-02","id":"c80","text":"For a given purpose at a given time, the best centralized infrastructure can be better than the decentralized alternatives.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"centralized infrastructure","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Similarly, for a given purpose at a given time, the best centralized infrastructure can be better than the decentralized alternatives.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-02/c81","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/dfa655ab481f40f5","nativeRecordCid":"f5f7ca40-84be-47e7-8304-27f53c4b464b","documentId":"open-science-source-02","id":"c81","text":"The best closed infrastructure diverts money from building better open alternatives.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"best closed infrastructure","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"But just as the best closed infrastructure diverts money from building better open alternatives, the best monoculture diverts money from building better decentralized alternatives.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-02/c82","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/b7724e51ce274fbe","nativeRecordCid":"9b02c39d-ffc0-4c25-9442-142220ee6480","documentId":"open-science-source-02","id":"c82","text":"The best monoculture diverts money from building better decentralized alternatives.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"best monoculture","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"But just as the best closed infrastructure diverts money from building better open alternatives, the best monoculture diverts money from building better decentralized alternatives.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-02/c83","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/5fd981694e9a4cae","nativeRecordCid":"47bf20e3-add3-48cb-9fc6-25ebd81dd469","documentId":"open-science-source-02","id":"c83","text":"In the long run no monoculture platform can be better than a system of interoperable, free and open-source components operating under open standards.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"monoculture platforms","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"In the long run no monoculture platform can be better than a system of interoperable, free and open-source components operating under open standards.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-02/c84","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/cb7d31ea546e43e2","nativeRecordCid":"34977c2e-4703-4492-8276-1c66c30638ea","documentId":"open-science-source-02","id":"c84","text":"A distributed ecosystem of interoperable open infrastructure lets every project and organization pick the modules that best fit local needs.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"distributed ecosystem of open infrastructure","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The distributed ecosystem lets every project and organization pick the modules that best fit local needs.","representedInStars":false}
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{"key":"open-science-source-02/c86","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/1fb97a7b6fd74089","nativeRecordCid":"638526d5-67cf-468d-9de0-f12c1558daf0","documentId":"open-science-source-02","id":"c86","text":"A distributed ecosystem of interoperable open infrastructure lets the global research community scale up to meet global needs without accepting constraints on a central platform or persuading centralized decision-makers to make complex changes.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"distributed ecosystem of open infrastructure","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"It lets the global research community scale up to meet global needs without accepting constraints on a central platform or persuading centralized decision-makers to make complex changes.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-02/c87","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/98e7326f99aa4ffe","nativeRecordCid":"9ee2c53d-f698-4ef8-a63d-e425b18e0088","documentId":"open-science-source-02","id":"c87","text":"Platforms and infrastructure, like policies and strategies, are most effective when they take local constraints and cultures into account.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"platforms and infrastructure","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"These virtues matter because platforms and infrastructure, like policies and strategies, are most effective when they take local constraints and cultures into account.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-02/c88","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/8d543e1435fa4bb0","nativeRecordCid":"19b81c74-58af-4dae-af1f-195c1953c328","documentId":"open-science-source-02","id":"c88","text":"Institutions should consider sharing pieces of open infrastructure.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"institutions","subject":"sharing open infrastructure","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Institutions should consider sharing pieces of open infrastructure.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-02/c89","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/80e9deb1a11a4f61","nativeRecordCid":"96ae600d-2563-4ba9-9ee5-bafed1984cb7","documentId":"open-science-source-02","id":"c89","text":"Every university should make use of an OA repository, but not every university needs to have its own repository.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"universities","subject":"OA repository use","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Every university should make use of an OA repository, but not every university needs its own.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-02/c90","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/00e3091da7f94746","nativeRecordCid":"f547e089-e994-4ef6-a2f9-bcc7e5efa559","documentId":"open-science-source-02","id":"c90","text":"Every OA publisher should make use of management and workflow tools, but not every publisher needs to have its own.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"OA publishers","subject":"management and workflow tools","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Every OA publisher should make use of management and workflow tools, but not every publisher needs its own.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-02/c91","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/4dede546bbdb485f","nativeRecordCid":"47e76f99-96ad-444f-ad32-2ee438826716","documentId":"open-science-source-02","id":"c91","text":"Institutions and nations need OA publishing portals, but they do not each need their own and can benefit from national or regional portals.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"institutions and nations","subject":"OA publishing portals","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Many institutions and nations need OA publishing portals, but they don’t each need their own and can benefit from national or regional portals such as those in Croatia, Ethiopia, Finland, Greece, Norway, Serbia, Spain, and Latin America.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-02/c92","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/185bd0acc1d14793","nativeRecordCid":"c7cdd09c-facd-432f-980c-aa07958d5813","documentId":"open-science-source-02","id":"c92","text":"Shared infrastructure has advantages that unshared infrastructure cannot match, even when the unshared pieces are interoperable.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"shared infrastructure","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Shared infrastructure has advantages that unshared infrastructure cannot match, even when the unshared pieces are interoperable.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-02/c93","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/509146fb35d74eae","nativeRecordCid":"37690c60-8185-49a1-bdeb-7580a13332ad","documentId":"open-science-source-02","id":"c93","text":"It is easier for universities to join a shared repository than to launch separate repositories.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"shared vs separate repositories","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"It’s easier for universities to join a shared repository than launch separate repositories.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-02/c94","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/334a0d3c94e84724","nativeRecordCid":"aafe190d-a676-4799-990b-4cc42f86b733","documentId":"open-science-source-02","id":"c94","text":"It is easier to support text and data mining at a large, shared repository than at multiple separate repositories.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"text and data mining support","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"It’s easier to support text and data mining at a large, shared repository than at multiple separate repositories, and the results will be more useful.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-02/c95","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/9a1c493b947343f2","nativeRecordCid":"45845901-ede3-442a-9a0d-448882faf281","documentId":"open-science-source-02","id":"c95","text":"Text and data mining results at a large, shared repository are more useful than at multiple separate repositories.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"text and data mining results","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"It’s easier to support text and data mining at a large, shared repository than at multiple separate repositories, and the results will be more useful.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-02/c96","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/7f9bbdfacf8f474a","nativeRecordCid":"10eef604-75a0-47e9-ba19-7bd917f35c38","documentId":"open-science-source-02","id":"c96","text":"It is easier to preserve a large, shared repository than multiple separate repositories.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"preserving shared repositories","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"It’s easier to preserve a large, shared repository than multiple separate repositories.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-02/c97","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/7fffcd36051b4218","nativeRecordCid":"07e6ad8d-17dd-41fc-85d4-a64812620691","documentId":"open-science-source-02","id":"c97","text":"Researchers who use repositories as readers are more likely to see the point of depositing as authors.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"researchers using repositories as readers","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"As we know from large, shared repositories like arXiv and PubMed Central, researchers who use repositories as readers are more likely to see the point of depositing as authors.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-02/c98","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/db0e25bd12ab44c4","nativeRecordCid":"4df738ac-47c3-40ac-972d-2d96283c1cf2","documentId":"open-science-source-02","id":"c98","text":"Shared infrastructure can have state-of-the-art features that no single institution could afford to develop on its own.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"shared infrastructure","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Shared infrastructure can have state-of-the-art features that no single institution could afford to develop on its own.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-02/c99","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/38b7ad9506354832","nativeRecordCid":"de58494b-4423-437b-83cb-3cf0a18230c0","documentId":"open-science-source-02","id":"c99","text":"When institutions see promising new open infrastructure that they are not ready to adopt, they should try to participate in the development process.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"institutions","subject":"participation in infrastructure development","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"When institutions see promising new open infrastructure that they are not ready to adopt, they should try to participate in the development process.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-02/c100","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/bcb8ba881d844217","nativeRecordCid":"84d865ad-532a-485e-82c7-09e951fdbc6e","documentId":"open-science-source-02","id":"c100","text":"When institutions can, they should help write code for open infrastructure they are not ready to adopt.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"institutions","subject":"writing code for open infrastructure","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"When they can, they should help write code.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-02/c101","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/23a7b6838d744422","nativeRecordCid":"d6d43cd7-fdbd-436c-9bb1-8fbe5adddad4","documentId":"open-science-source-02","id":"c101","text":"Institutions could ask their developer teams or incentivize their faculty and students to take part in developing open infrastructure.","kind":"normative","modality":"may","actor":"institutions","subject":"participation in infrastructure development","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"They could ask their developer teams or incentivize their faculty and students to take part.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-02/c102","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/9511d0ddc531437b","nativeRecordCid":"650444b2-84f3-4dbc-b435-a3ccae8db5fb","documentId":"open-science-source-02","id":"c102","text":"When institutions can't help write code, they should at least help the developers understand what institutions like themselves will want and use.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"institutions","subject":"communicating institutional needs to developers","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"When they can’t help write code, they should at least help the developers understand what institutions like themselves will want and use.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-02/c103","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/08fb770ca77d4043","nativeRecordCid":"d0144a11-726a-475f-b97c-1bda496b56ad","documentId":"open-science-source-02","id":"c103","text":"Open infrastructure developed in close consultation with potential users increases the likelihood of adoption.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"open infrastructure development consultation","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Open infrastructure developed in close consultation with potential users will increase the likelihood of adoption, use, meeting local needs, and minimizing wasted time, effort, and funds.","representedInStars":false}
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{"key":"open-science-source-02/c106","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/94b4eb7edb334e22","nativeRecordCid":"abe0a936-0308-43ef-afdf-11cb0f7743c8","documentId":"open-science-source-02","id":"c106","text":"Open infrastructure developed in close consultation with potential users increases the likelihood of minimizing wasted time, effort, and funds.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"open infrastructure development consultation","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Open infrastructure developed in close consultation with potential users will increase the likelihood of adoption, use, meeting local needs, and minimizing wasted time, effort, and funds.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-02/c107","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/6cb67fe175e34ab5","nativeRecordCid":"f86d172e-8218-474f-9cf6-9666d2e934ba","documentId":"open-science-source-02","id":"c107","text":"None of the lists of open infrastructure organizations, such as SCOSS, IOI, POSI, and SCIP, is complete.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"lists of open infrastructure organizations","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"However, none of these lists is complete and some are deliberately selective.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-02/c108","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/0a57e096c7444b47","nativeRecordCid":"911f85f9-ee6f-484b-9b42-6991aa6efbe1","documentId":"open-science-source-02","id":"c108","text":"Some of the lists of open infrastructure organizations are deliberately selective.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"lists of open infrastructure organizations","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"However, none of these lists is complete and some are deliberately selective.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-02/c109","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/93b35795f3dc4988","nativeRecordCid":"c7707d50-d631-4f1b-bf39-590dff1e1e00","documentId":"open-science-source-02","id":"c109","text":"Every academic and research organization should watch for open infrastructure that will meet its needs.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"academic and research organizations","subject":"watching for open infrastructure","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Every academic and research organization should watch for open infrastructure that will meet its needs.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-02/c110","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/de3b4ddfd16d489f","nativeRecordCid":"10063c7f-34d1-4e57-b9d9-bc623f9f628b","documentId":"open-science-source-02","id":"c110","text":"Research assessment for funding decisions and for hiring, promotion, and tenure decisions by universities and research institutions should be reformed.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"universities and research institutions","subject":"research assessment reform","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"**We recommend reforming research assessment for funding decisions and for hiring, promotion, and tenure decisions by universities and research institutions.**","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-02/c111","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/a0d819b83b7443d6","nativeRecordCid":"da0f9998-6904-4a84-8906-1051c6fe362a","documentId":"open-science-source-02","id":"c111","text":"Careful reforms to research assessment can eliminate disincentives for OA without limiting the topics, conclusions, or rigor of research.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"reforms to research assessment","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Careful reforms can eliminate disincentives for OA and create new incentives for OA, without limiting the topics, conclusions, or rigor of research.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-02/c112","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/818c868d18e9403c","nativeRecordCid":"88a477f2-d164-4f3d-9ade-9e68daddad66","documentId":"open-science-source-02","id":"c112","text":"Careful reforms to research assessment can create new incentives for OA without limiting the topics, conclusions, or rigor of research.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"reforms to research assessment","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Careful reforms can eliminate disincentives for OA and create new incentives for OA, without limiting the topics, conclusions, or rigor of research.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-02/c113","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/6053643356b54fbb","nativeRecordCid":"f77b9cc9-6bdf-448e-ad48-213e46504d03","documentId":"open-science-source-02","id":"c113","text":"Careful reforms to research assessment are compatible with academic freedom.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"reforms to research assessment","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"They are entirely compatible with academic freedom and the highest standards of quality.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-02/c114","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/03555fce90c04f6f","nativeRecordCid":"8aee57d1-5854-43c9-91be-b6d31f8165b1","documentId":"open-science-source-02","id":"c114","text":"Careful reforms to research assessment are compatible with the highest standards of quality.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"reforms to research assessment","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"They are entirely compatible with academic freedom and the highest standards of quality.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-02/c115","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/48afcdad58bd45f3","nativeRecordCid":"6b06225d-50c6-45d9-a6df-327413b3d403","documentId":"open-science-source-02","id":"c115","text":"Universities should drop disincentives for OA, such as the Journal Impact Factor and journal rankings that depend on JIFs.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"universities","subject":"disincentives for OA","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Universities should drop disincentives for OA, such as the Journal Impact Factor (JIF) and journal rankings which depend on JIFs.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-02/c116","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/b216bbbf25004eab","nativeRecordCid":"69fb02f2-0d1b-4e87-ab1c-601b76caa1ba","documentId":"open-science-source-02","id":"c116","text":"The lower average JIFs of OA journals compared to conventional journals is not the actual problem with OA and research assessment.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"OA journals' lower JIFs","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The problem is not that OA journals have lower JIFs than conventional journals.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-02/c117","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/8e451ed31cb442ed","nativeRecordCid":"92cfb6a6-2a8c-4948-8642-29d2d343f476","documentId":"open-science-source-02","id":"c117","text":"The average OA journal is younger than the average non-OA journal.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"age of OA journals","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The problem is that the average OA journal is younger than the average non-OA journal, and younger journals lack JIFs more often than older journals.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-02/c118","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/2478130dbc2a4da7","nativeRecordCid":"063c3245-af32-4c57-8317-3e6e26b1c06f","documentId":"open-science-source-02","id":"c118","text":"Younger journals lack JIFs more often than older journals.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"younger journals","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The problem is that the average OA journal is younger than the average non-OA journal, and younger journals lack JIFs more often than older journals.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-02/c119","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/73ff5e61aead4a4e","nativeRecordCid":"41e0809b-beec-4081-be97-8d323681bb52","documentId":"open-science-source-02","id":"c119","text":"JIFs discriminate against new journals, both OA and non-OA, on emerging topics.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"JIFs and new journals","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"For the same reason, JIFs discriminate against new journals (both OA and non-OA) on emerging topics, such as climate change mitigation.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-02/c120","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/8ae4953a7e424acb","nativeRecordCid":"c06ecb9b-6a97-4132-965b-ad2d16456adc","documentId":"open-science-source-02","id":"c120","text":"JIFs discriminate against journals not indexed in commercial services because of their language, geographic location, or institutional affiliation.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"JIFs and non-indexed journals","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"They also discriminate against journals not indexed in commercial services because of their language, geographic location, or institutional affiliation.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-02/c121","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/8fb45bd3a2674ea9","nativeRecordCid":"aca7e60f-b93a-4fb3-ae5a-176f0e194621","documentId":"open-science-source-02","id":"c121","text":"Reliance on JIFs for assessment mistakes an impact metric for a quality metric.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"reliance on JIFs for assessment","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Reliance on JIFs for assessment also mistakes an impact metric for a quality metric, and mistakes a metric about journals for a metric about articles or authors.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-02/c122","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/6f0de9fba96f42dc","nativeRecordCid":"6253b333-6080-480a-bd2b-fee4da0e6a1d","documentId":"open-science-source-02","id":"c122","text":"Reliance on JIFs for assessment mistakes a metric about journals for a metric about articles or authors.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"reliance on JIFs for assessment","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Reliance on JIFs for assessment also mistakes an impact metric for a quality metric, and mistakes a metric about journals for a metric about articles or authors.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-02/c123","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/54c1c3ae61154487","nativeRecordCid":"b372c332-f353-48a5-bcb8-c69a71d6aada","documentId":"open-science-source-02","id":"c123","text":"Research assessment committees seldom deliberately create disincentives for OA.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"research assessment committees","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Research assessment committees seldom deliberately create disincentives for OA, for example, because they oppose OA.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-02/c124","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/67d830948c8644e4","nativeRecordCid":"45482d82-25ea-4c86-a725-519ccd7f7713","documentId":"open-science-source-02","id":"c124","text":"Disincentives for OA are generally unnoticed side effects of other research assessment practices.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"disincentives for OA","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The disincentives are generally unnoticed side effects of other practices, such as the use of journal rankings, journal-level metrics, rewards for publishing in certain journals, or the false assumption that all or most OA journals are ‘predatory’.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-02/c125","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/b4f22dae9c6646c7","nativeRecordCid":"c8624c35-eb0f-4edb-9a15-ce5f553a5564","documentId":"open-science-source-02","id":"c125","text":"The assumption that all or most OA journals are predatory is false.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"OA journals and predatory publishing","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"the false assumption that all or most OA journals are ‘predatory’","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-02/c126","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/502d392f6817449f","nativeRecordCid":"042fe21c-8526-41ff-aa01-bd78e7e2ee75","documentId":"open-science-source-02","id":"c126","text":"The dearth of constructive reforms to research assessment arises from many obstacles and almost never from opposition to OA itself.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"dearth of constructive reforms","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Similarly, the dearth of constructive reforms arises from many obstacles and almost never from opposition to OA itself.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-02/c127","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/0b73348627984989","nativeRecordCid":"576038ba-093c-41d4-bfa3-980c2e865964","documentId":"open-science-source-02","id":"c127","text":"Eliminating disincentives for OA from research assessment practices would be a large step forward.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"eliminating disincentives for OA","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Eliminating disincentives for OA from research assessment practices would already be a large step forward.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-02/c128","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/69bf122ba4614381","nativeRecordCid":"2b64a2fb-cc91-4fa4-bc6f-01f7c9551547","documentId":"open-science-source-02","id":"c128","text":"Requiring deposit in the institutional repository as a condition for promotion and tenure review does not touch on the topics, conclusions, or quality of research.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"repository-deposit requirement for promotion/tenure","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Clearly this practice does not touch on the topics, conclusions, or quality of research.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-02/c129","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/80d0d80023674149","nativeRecordCid":"16f373da-bf61-4425-8230-ab7dc9e11515","documentId":"open-science-source-02","id":"c129","text":"When promotion and tenure committees expect early-career researchers to publish in non-OA journals with high prestige or metric scores, the committees should understand the disincentives they create for publishing in OA journals.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"promotion and tenure committees","subject":"disincentives for OA publishing","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"When promotion and tenure committees expect early-career researchers to publish in non-OA journals with high prestige or metric scores, the committees should understand the disincentives they create for publishing in OA journals.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-02/c130","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/b0590969d941478d","nativeRecordCid":"03f0b76f-a5c3-48c5-a66d-c4f8a448877a","documentId":"open-science-source-02","id":"c130","text":"Promotion and tenure committees should understand the dilemma they create for researchers subject to funder OA policies.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"promotion and tenure committees","subject":"dilemma for researchers under funder OA policies","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"They should also understand the dilemma they create for researchers subject to funder OA policies.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-02/c131","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/ec9312e645664895","nativeRecordCid":"1cafbe73-84ef-42d3-a0f4-9c39d7edffc5","documentId":"open-science-source-02","id":"c131","text":"Dilemmas created for researchers subject to funder OA policies can be solved by repository-based or green OA.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"researcher dilemmas under funder OA policies","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Because these dilemmas can be solved by repository-based or green OA (more in 3.10 and 3.13), committees should positively encourage green OA and not leave young researchers to discover the option for themselves or how it solves the problem.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-02/c132","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/56a0be7dbccf42f2","nativeRecordCid":"92646df0-3701-4c20-9b61-0875072a9386","documentId":"open-science-source-02","id":"c132","text":"Promotion and tenure committees should positively encourage green OA.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"promotion and tenure committees","subject":"green OA","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Because these dilemmas can be solved by repository-based or green OA (more in 3.10 and 3.13), committees should positively encourage green OA and not leave young researchers to discover the option for themselves or how it solves the problem.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-02/c133","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/3c69904791ce475d","nativeRecordCid":"179dcac3-331b-40b1-9dec-cf420a7daad5","documentId":"open-science-source-02","id":"c133","text":"Promotion and tenure committees should not leave young researchers to discover the option of green OA for themselves or how it solves the problem.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"promotion and tenure committees","subject":"informing researchers about green OA","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Because these dilemmas can be solved by repository-based or green OA (more in 3.10 and 3.13), committees should positively encourage green OA and not leave young researchers to discover the option for themselves or how it solves the problem.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-02/c134","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/9d84469620824ed3","nativeRecordCid":"ab1cf9e1-7d5c-480c-8329-7ecda148a4de","documentId":"open-science-source-02","id":"c134","text":"Committees should base their evaluations on the quality of the candidate's work, not the journals in which they publish.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"promotion and tenure committees","subject":"basis of evaluation","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"In any case, committees should base their evaluations on the quality of the candidate’s work, not the journals in which they publish.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-02/c135","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/8fe8e990a975440b","nativeRecordCid":"01e060e3-cbbe-48e3-b4e4-ed3e0899d97a","documentId":"open-science-source-02","id":"c135","text":"If committees use metrics at all, they should use article- or author-level metrics, not journal-level metrics.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"promotion and tenure committees","subject":"choice of metrics","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"If they use metrics at all, they should use article- or author-level metrics, not journal-level metrics.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-02/c136","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/cfd976bb4e594301","nativeRecordCid":"20620b4c-0cd5-42f4-8269-25f3df4fdefa","documentId":"open-science-source-02","id":"c136","text":"Research assessment committees at universities and funders are in a critical position to create and change incentives.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"research assessment committees","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Research assessment committees at universities and funders are in a critical position to create and change incentives.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-02/c137","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/9f1ddb64f19b4b89","nativeRecordCid":"bae0dc1e-4111-4158-8959-f3988bcf6b5a","documentId":"open-science-source-02","id":"c137","text":"When research assessment committees do not use their power with care, they can be a major bottleneck slowing progress toward OA.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"research assessment committees","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"When they do not use this power with care, they can be a major bottleneck slowing progress toward OA.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-02/c138","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/62b3fdd304bd46ca","nativeRecordCid":"591118f5-f8f0-49d2-a989-12e9a216a1a9","documentId":"open-science-source-02","id":"c138","text":"When research assessment committees use their power with care, they can be a major accelerator of OA.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"research assessment committees","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"When they use it with care, they can be a major accelerator of OA.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-02/c139","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/5887cdd7a7724764","nativeRecordCid":"a22c283b-49eb-4752-9f21-39c9bcacd485","documentId":"open-science-source-02","id":"c139","text":"Assuming that any modification to assessment practices must compromise quality or academic freedom confuses separate and independent questions.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"assumption about assessment modification","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"When they assume that any modification to assessment practices must compromise quality or academic freedom, they are confusing separate and independent questions.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-02/c140","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/0393fe3df6b3439d","nativeRecordCid":"3cba1dc5-8a73-4543-a880-811fe7809ba8","documentId":"open-science-source-02","id":"c140","text":"Dropping journal ranking and journal-level metrics will require changes in research culture.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"dropping journal-level metrics","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Dropping journal ranking and journal-level metrics will require changes in research culture.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-02/c141","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/22751c756f314e7a","nativeRecordCid":"7a1e5501-6351-4a98-aa3f-db499b4563ad","documentId":"open-science-source-02","id":"c141","text":"Dropping journal ranking and journal-level metrics will require assessing works and people, not journals and publishers.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"dropping journal-level metrics","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"It will require assessing works and people, not journals and publishers.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-02/c142","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/d4f6a018dfcb4ddb","nativeRecordCid":"ca6a03f3-9e3a-45ac-9cda-b28be07883f4","documentId":"open-science-source-02","id":"c142","text":"Dropping journal ranking and journal-level metrics will require shifting from quantitative metrics to qualitative metrics.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"dropping journal-level metrics","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"It will require shifting from quantitative metrics to qualitative metrics.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-02/c143","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/28d0f7c5f06349b2","nativeRecordCid":"207522d9-e8a3-4de4-a27b-9726aaa71e91","documentId":"open-science-source-02","id":"c143","text":"Dropping journal ranking and journal-level metrics will require that researchers see the artificiality and irrelevance of journal-level metrics and the reasons for dropping them.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"dropping journal-level metrics","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"It will require that researchers see the artificiality and irrelevance of journal-level metrics and the research purpose for dropping them.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-02/c144","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/17caa676276240d0","nativeRecordCid":"0276b469-f969-49f8-8b9a-3110479a5da0","documentId":"open-science-source-02","id":"c144","text":"Dropping journal ranking and journal-level metrics will require that academics stop outsourcing judgments of quality to publishers or to data arising from publisher decisions.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"dropping journal-level metrics","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"It will require that academics stop outsourcing judgments of quality to publishers, or data arising from publisher decisions, and bear the responsibility to judge quality for themselves.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-02/c145","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/a8f78322a27e4bb2","nativeRecordCid":"e2bd76e5-50bd-451b-aa4a-5c200c281883","documentId":"open-science-source-02","id":"c145","text":"Dropping journal ranking and journal-level metrics will require that academics bear the responsibility to judge quality for themselves.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"dropping journal-level metrics","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"It will require that academics stop outsourcing judgments of quality to publishers, or data arising from publisher decisions, and bear the responsibility to judge quality for themselves.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-02/c146","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/8bf83f4b077b4e24","nativeRecordCid":"0d8073b1-4df6-4c22-9eaa-281fb3932159","documentId":"open-science-source-02","id":"c146","text":"Viable alternatives to APCs have long existed.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"alternatives to APCs","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Viable alternatives have long existed, but they are systematically under-noticed, under-discussed, under-appreciated, under-funded, and under-used.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-02/c147","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/4466404fe73b4d1b","nativeRecordCid":"41bdbb10-a34a-4779-8bf6-b53a128b29e3","documentId":"open-science-source-02","id":"c147","text":"Alternatives to APCs are systematically under-noticed, under-discussed, under-appreciated, under-funded, and under-used.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"alternatives to APCs","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Viable alternatives have long existed, but they are systematically under-noticed, under-discussed, under-appreciated, under-funded, and under-used.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-02/c148","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/fcd22bcf0f6a42fc","nativeRecordCid":"2ffb29e9-3dfb-44e7-8537-9e135d07ef85","documentId":"open-science-source-02","id":"c148","text":"Alternatives to APCs should be taken full advantage of to enhance the equity, quality, usability, and sustainability of OA research.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"","subject":"alternatives to APCs","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"We recommend taking full advantage of these alternatives to enhance the equity, quality, usability, sustainability of OA research.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-02/c149","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/c7b87486702b4e79","nativeRecordCid":"1bf87001-a9a1-4e6b-ae7e-7aae3b1348e7","documentId":"open-science-source-02","id":"c149","text":"Investments and creative exploration should occur to identify other alternatives to APCs.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"","subject":"alternatives to APCs","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"We recommend investments and creative exploration to identify other alternatives to APCs.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-02/c150","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/181b876f5ed5415e","nativeRecordCid":"508f2fe6-bd6b-4c21-9bf2-5c4309383a87","documentId":"open-science-source-02","id":"c150","text":"APCs exclude authors unable to find funds to pay them.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"APCs","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"APCs exclude authors unable to find funds to pay them.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-02/c151","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/994231bcc3ac4b4c","nativeRecordCid":"ad3913be-0325-450b-994f-03628ccca025","documentId":"open-science-source-02","id":"c151","text":"Authors excluded by APCs disproportionately include authors in the global south.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"authors excluded by APCs","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"This category includes disproportionately many authors in the global south.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-02/c152","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/c8e4120fce1b43f0","nativeRecordCid":"3686d8f8-72d9-42cf-b7f7-2fd842da1011","documentId":"open-science-source-02","id":"c152","text":"Authors excluded by APCs also include independent scholars and authors from less privileged institutions in the north.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"authors excluded by APCs","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"It also includes independent scholars and authors from less privileged institutions in the north.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-02/c153","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/84f53c5ca3134f69","nativeRecordCid":"4db35428-0379-4fd4-9a6a-eddcc8ae965d","documentId":"open-science-source-02","id":"c153","text":"APC-based journals exclude authors for economic reasons and without regard to the quality and importance of their work.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"APC-based journals","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"APC-based journals exclude authors for economic reasons and without regard to the quality and importance of their work.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-02/c154","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/d64056399a2f4064","nativeRecordCid":"fee3ee65-c674-4d7e-8937-d4e458aca545","documentId":"open-science-source-02","id":"c154","text":"APCs harm the authors excluded by them.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"APCs","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"This harms the authors themselves and the readers who would benefit from their work.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-02/c155","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/1d7e84a1e5c64c1a","nativeRecordCid":"0da1468e-8e6f-4709-bd9f-37aec90fe6c7","documentId":"open-science-source-02","id":"c155","text":"APCs harm readers who would benefit from excluded authors' work.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"APCs","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"This harms the authors themselves and the readers who would benefit from their work.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-02/c156","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/1a3e0f2b9bb349c6","nativeRecordCid":"ac3a1225-5a90-4a38-bc90-2656be64c47c","documentId":"open-science-source-02","id":"c156","text":"APCs harm research by excluding the perspectives of excluded authors, their fields, and their regions.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"APCs","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"It harms research by excluding the perspectives of those authors, their fields, and their regions.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-02/c157","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/9f30aedd807c447d","nativeRecordCid":"983b491b-904a-4672-bfbf-0c19b4152c72","documentId":"open-science-source-02","id":"c157","text":"APCs distort how journals represent their fields and topics by adding acceptance criteria extraneous to the merits of submitted work.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"APCs","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"It distorts how journals represent their fields and topics by adding acceptance criteria extraneous to the merits of submitted work.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-02/c158","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/c6f52b7da19b4308","nativeRecordCid":"456c4520-440e-412d-8e9a-7ab92a948c88","documentId":"open-science-source-02","id":"c158","text":"APCs are as opaque and inscrutable as subscription prices.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"APCs","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"APCs are as opaque and inscrutable as subscription prices.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-02/c159","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/75725e85f39f4f0b","nativeRecordCid":"8110bd23-d2e7-4731-ae2d-3d3587d22a5e","documentId":"open-science-source-02","id":"c159","text":"Outsiders to a given APC-based journal cannot tell which journal expenses an APC covers.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"APCs","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Authors, universities, libraries, funders, and other stakeholders outside a given APC-based journal cannot tell which journal expenses an APC covers or how far the APC exceeds the journal’s expenses.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-02/c160","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/db1c6a27302842f2","nativeRecordCid":"3885b00d-eebf-4a82-ba04-343d96827681","documentId":"open-science-source-02","id":"c160","text":"Outsiders to a given APC-based journal cannot tell how far the APC exceeds the journal's expenses.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"APCs","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Authors, universities, libraries, funders, and other stakeholders outside a given APC-based journal cannot tell which journal expenses an APC covers or how far the APC exceeds the journal’s expenses.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-02/c161","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/42cece5a5f8e4531","nativeRecordCid":"03eb7a02-6be3-4dc1-a7ed-597e8c8bb0bc","documentId":"open-science-source-02","id":"c161","text":"Outsiders cannot tell whether an APC is based on the publisher's production costs or the university's historic spend.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"APCs","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Outsiders cannot tell whether an APC is based on the publisher’s production costs or the university’s historic spend; whether it charges a premium for prestige or impact factor; or whether it charges what the publisher believes the market will bear and aims to preserve or exceed legacy profit margins.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-02/c162","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/9b1f2372688843f5","nativeRecordCid":"7b3476ef-4fb7-4500-b70b-43bacc4e482b","documentId":"open-science-source-02","id":"c162","text":"Outsiders cannot tell whether an APC charges a premium for prestige or impact factor.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"APCs","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Outsiders cannot tell whether an APC is based on the publisher’s production costs or the university’s historic spend; whether it charges a premium for prestige or impact factor; or whether it charges what the publisher believes the market will bear and aims to preserve or exceed legacy profit margins.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-02/c163","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/14c0e9c372ca4c38","nativeRecordCid":"ee291263-f692-4dd2-a39f-6e96b52686f0","documentId":"open-science-source-02","id":"c163","text":"Outsiders cannot tell whether an APC charges what the publisher believes the market will bear and aims to preserve or exceed legacy profit margins.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"APCs","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Outsiders cannot tell whether an APC is based on the publisher’s production costs or the university’s historic spend; whether it charges a premium for prestige or impact factor; or whether it charges what the publisher believes the market will bear and aims to preserve or exceed legacy profit margins.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-02/c164","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/665f8351f7b4470a","nativeRecordCid":"f829b644-a328-48e8-a949-f48b099a4e02","documentId":"open-science-source-02","id":"c164","text":"APC \"discounts\" are opaque and inscrutable, being discounts from prices of unknown fairness.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"APC discounts","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"For the same reason, APC “discounts” are opaque and inscrutable; they are discounts from prices of unknown fairness.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-02/c165","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/ec5614494af04059","nativeRecordCid":"3d8b5b20-002f-42a3-a3e9-dbe59d5713ba","documentId":"open-science-source-02","id":"c165","text":"The opacity of APCs supports APC inflation.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"opacity of APCs","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Among other harms, the opacity of APCs supports [APC inflation](https://doi.org/10.18352/lq.10280) and payments far in excess of services rendered.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-02/c166","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/ee540b0403fd407c","nativeRecordCid":"552bea49-c9b0-4c34-b5ff-aa3b4a7d0d99","documentId":"open-science-source-02","id":"c166","text":"The opacity of APCs supports payments far in excess of services rendered.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"opacity of APCs","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Among other harms, the opacity of APCs supports [APC inflation](https://doi.org/10.18352/lq.10280) and payments far in excess of services rendered.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-02/c167","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/7db929d1a1af46fc","nativeRecordCid":"286dbdfb-9129-4b2a-99e5-e703547836e6","documentId":"open-science-source-02","id":"c167","text":"Even if APCs were lower and publishers became more transparent about the costs covered by APCs, alternatives to APCs should still be taken better advantage of.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"","subject":"alternatives to APCs","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"However, even if APCs were lower, and even if publishers become more transparent about the costs covered by APCs (a goal of [cOAlition S](https://www.coalition-s.org/price-and-service%2520-transparency-frameworks/) and the Fair Open Access Alliance), we still recommend taking better advantage of alternatives to APCs.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-02/c168","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/bfc9be7f493c41c5","nativeRecordCid":"f1002241-27bf-4853-9274-834abc7173c1","documentId":"open-science-source-02","id":"c168","text":"Lower APCs and APCs transparently tied to publisher costs are still author-side barriers unrelated to merit.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"lower or transparent APCs","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Lower APCs and APCs transparently tied to a publisher costs are still author-side barriers, unrelated to merit, and obstruct progress toward a more equitable and inclusive system of research communication.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-02/c169","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/468d373ab7604c0d","nativeRecordCid":"d15785ec-ed9a-4868-8a46-0939243ec3a5","documentId":"open-science-source-02","id":"c169","text":"Lower APCs and APCs transparently tied to publisher costs obstruct progress toward a more equitable and inclusive system of research communication.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"lower or transparent APCs","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Lower APCs and APCs transparently tied to a publisher costs are still author-side barriers, unrelated to merit, and obstruct progress toward a more equitable and inclusive system of research communication.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-02/c170","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/4794b67b84d642da","nativeRecordCid":"a7663d72-7e65-4d3a-b1ef-dac4819c79ea","documentId":"open-science-source-02","id":"c170","text":"The exclusionary harms of APCs occur whether or not the APCs are paid by universities and funders on behalf of authors.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"APCs paid by institutions","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"For these purposes it doesn’t matter whether the APCs are paid by universities and funders on behalf of authors.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-02/c171","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/908ba1f41a314445","nativeRecordCid":"b6fe3b44-b693-43cb-9594-855494f7640d","documentId":"open-science-source-02","id":"c171","text":"Many authors are not affiliated with institutions that are able or willing to pay APC fees.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"authors and institutional affiliation","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Many authors are not affiliated with institutions that are able or willing to pay these fees.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-02/c172","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/db0341b0987e4638","nativeRecordCid":"90b24119-5cda-4bf4-b444-9fda2b5fbe99","documentId":"open-science-source-02","id":"c172","text":"Authors not affiliated with institutions able to pay APCs are excluded for their institutional affiliations, a variable irrelevant to the quality of their work.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"authors excluded by institutional affiliation","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Those authors would be excluded not for their individual economic means but for their institutional affiliations, another variable irrelevant to the quality of their work.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-02/c173","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/37c33eaf265a4ebc","nativeRecordCid":"09084385-6a5b-44de-ba03-3dc2e0f29e30","documentId":"open-science-source-02","id":"c173","text":"Authors in the global north are best able to find APC subsidies while authors in the global south are least able.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"APC subsidies","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"[Studies show](https://suber.pubpub.org/pub/j1jk6hu9) that authors in the global north are best able to find APC subsidies and authors in the global south least able.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-02/c174","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/3420415dbe5f4d56","nativeRecordCid":"27e2bcd0-7c5e-46b9-a502-c54486b0c5d6","documentId":"open-science-source-02","id":"c174","text":"The burden of paying APCs falls inequitably on authors who have the fewest funding options and who can least afford to pay them.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"burden of paying APCs","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The burden of paying APCs falls inequitably on authors who have the fewest funding options and who can least afford to pay them.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-02/c175","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/ee6102836fa14c02","nativeRecordCid":"e32df002-fac8-43f0-a3ee-99b1059d5ad0","documentId":"open-science-source-02","id":"c175","text":"Relying on institutional sponsors to pay APCs helps authors who need it least.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"institutional APC sponsorship","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Relying on institutional sponsors to pay APCs helps authors who need it least and exacerbates current disparities.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-02/c176","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/a81c1abbb8d840fa","nativeRecordCid":"92273eae-ca02-4fc3-b971-8c385281bbde","documentId":"open-science-source-02","id":"c176","text":"Relying on institutional sponsors to pay APCs exacerbates current disparities.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"institutional APC sponsorship","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Relying on institutional sponsors to pay APCs helps authors who need it least and exacerbates current disparities.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-02/c177","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/3da76db5d1074312","nativeRecordCid":"70a0b9a6-ab90-498c-aec1-b12c4f98e16f","documentId":"open-science-source-02","id":"c177","text":"APCs are unnecessary for publishing research.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"APCs","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"But because APCs bring other problems, and because they are unnecessary for publishing research, we recommend that institutions spend new money on alternatives to APCs rather than APCs themselves.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-02/c178","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/5dc3ad2a9b8c4772","nativeRecordCid":"f74c5205-956b-4094-a090-8607e2d420ad","documentId":"open-science-source-02","id":"c178","text":"Institutions should spend new money on alternatives to APCs rather than on APCs themselves.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"institutions","subject":"institutional funding of APCs","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"But because APCs bring other problems, and because they are unnecessary for publishing research, we recommend that institutions spend new money on alternatives to APCs rather than APCs themselves.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-02/c179","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/21631d0597ac4035","nativeRecordCid":"54b6baff-f9be-48b3-85d8-d20a5d1745d3","documentId":"open-science-source-02","id":"c179","text":"When institutions support OA primarily by paying APCs, they give no-APC or diamond journals a perverse incentive to start charging APCs.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"institutional APC support","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"When institutions support OA primarily by paying APCs, they give no-APC or diamond journals a perverse incentive to start charging APCs.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-02/c180","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/4d55cf1f52cd44e5","nativeRecordCid":"21cf4a11-5812-489f-99a4-114bb14c8128","documentId":"open-science-source-02","id":"c180","text":"When institutions support OA primarily by paying APCs, they give low-APC journals a perverse incentive to raise their APCs.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"institutional APC support","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"For the same reason, they give low-APC journals a perverse incentive to raise their APCs.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-02/c181","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/5a6639e1e4384833","nativeRecordCid":"6920623b-b38a-45bc-90fb-75d910f24d89","documentId":"open-science-source-02","id":"c181","text":"These perverse incentives aggravate the harm caused by APCs to excluded authors and readers who would benefit from their work.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"perverse incentives from APC funding","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"These consequences aggravate the harm caused by APCs to excluded authors and readers who would benefit from their work.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-02/c182","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/9574766e004a4622","nativeRecordCid":"c583e86e-62d0-41c5-be54-e779ff1f11b4","documentId":"open-science-source-02","id":"c182","text":"The harm to readers caused by APCs is global.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"harm to readers from APCs","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The harm to readers is global and the harm to authors does not fall evenly across disciplines and regions.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-02/c183","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/9d054a0867e242de","nativeRecordCid":"8a84e550-2bbc-4afa-b8ab-6008cea97086","documentId":"open-science-source-02","id":"c183","text":"The harm to authors caused by APCs does not fall evenly across disciplines and regions.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"harm to authors from APCs","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The harm to readers is global and the harm to authors does not fall evenly across disciplines and regions.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-02/c184","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/9c5196c78be44c7c","nativeRecordCid":"3e8fb995-4634-4ba4-966d-a21739896f8a","documentId":"open-science-source-02","id":"c184","text":"APCs feed fraudulent and predatory journals.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"APCs","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"APCs feed fraudulent and predatory journals, which harm all the researchers they deceive.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-02/c185","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/610b6204b03242a2","nativeRecordCid":"36428181-cc05-4b07-b3a9-3b512ad49db1","documentId":"open-science-source-02","id":"c185","text":"Fraudulent and predatory journals harm all the researchers they deceive.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"predatory journals","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"APCs feed fraudulent and predatory journals, which harm all the researchers they deceive.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-02/c186","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/181c135afafe42ea","nativeRecordCid":"fff5c807-95e5-4b1e-8b25-38be5393a473","documentId":"open-science-source-02","id":"c186","text":"Predatory journals give OA itself a bad name.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"predatory journals","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"They also give OA itself a bad name, even though not all predatory journals are OA.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-02/c187","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/9ce31b0cbe614e62","nativeRecordCid":"3cb5189a-888f-46e2-8f03-4e4d4006d3d1","documentId":"open-science-source-02","id":"c187","text":"Not all predatory journals are OA.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"predatory journals","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"They also give OA itself a bad name, even though not all predatory journals are OA.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-02/c188","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/3d0a7a74efed4cba","nativeRecordCid":"06f1a326-c8a9-49a7-8980-e70ff31156ac","documentId":"open-science-source-02","id":"c188","text":"The global OA community currently addresses the predatory-journal problem with guides to vetted journals.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"global OA community","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The global OA community currently addresses this problem with guides to vetted journals and efforts to educate stakeholders about the honesty and quality of the majority of OA journals.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-02/c189","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/b646598349574efa","nativeRecordCid":"b4394f99-e8a0-4fa0-a051-3c363066e072","documentId":"open-science-source-02","id":"c189","text":"The global OA community currently addresses the predatory-journal problem with efforts to educate stakeholders about the honesty and quality of the majority of OA journals.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"global OA community","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The global OA community currently addresses this problem with guides to vetted journals and efforts to educate stakeholders about the honesty and quality of the majority of OA journals.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-02/c190","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/621010c83c4e4682","nativeRecordCid":"8c77d275-8046-4414-8562-c1e178a27854","documentId":"open-science-source-02","id":"c190","text":"Guides to vetted journals and efforts to educate stakeholders about OA journal quality should continue.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"","subject":"strategies against predatory journals","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"These helpful strategies should continue.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-02/c191","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/a17712c0ff394aca","nativeRecordCid":"4278ae97-d7be-4ca5-9297-ac7385496a00","documentId":"open-science-source-02","id":"c191","text":"Predatory journals should be starved by moving away from APCs.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"","subject":"predatory journals","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"But at the same time, we should starve predatory journals by moving away from APCs.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-02/c192","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/7be2527438bb4ee5","nativeRecordCid":"24dd878e-4234-4c36-a34b-f354314c59d7","documentId":"open-science-source-02","id":"c192","text":"There have always been two large alternatives to APCs: repository-based (green) OA and no-APC (diamond) OA journals.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"alternatives to APCs","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"There have always been two large alternatives to APCs: Repository-based (or “green”) OA and no-APC (or “diamond”) OA journals.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-02/c193","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/9a7cb0068c6443f7","nativeRecordCid":"2efc0d35-7aa6-42a2-ab33-5a33e5be5c56","documentId":"open-science-source-02","id":"c193","text":"Green and diamond OA are open to readers and authors, not just readers.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"green and diamond OA","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Because green and diamond OA are open to readers and authors, not just readers, we recommend giving them more attention, more use, more funding, and more priority.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-02/c194","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/ac9ac33acd2f49b3","nativeRecordCid":"a6b80346-26c2-4e3f-be9c-3f6cc630e3f9","documentId":"open-science-source-02","id":"c194","text":"Green and diamond OA should be given more attention, more use, more funding, and more priority.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"","subject":"green and diamond OA","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Because green and diamond OA are open to readers and authors, not just readers, we recommend giving them more attention, more use, more funding, and more priority.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-02/c195","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/3d74c68955e34f50","nativeRecordCid":"cd5672df-44b0-4611-86b0-62d9aa5ed60d","documentId":"open-science-source-02","id":"c195","text":"Shifting resources from APC-based OA to green and diamond OA will enfranchise more voices in global research without reducing the quality or openness of research.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"shifting resources to green and diamond OA","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Shifting resources from APC-based OA to green and diamond OA will enfranchise more voices in global research without reducing the quality or openness of research.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-02/c196","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/ee6ec0dac7ad4451","nativeRecordCid":"0f42840b-44bb-439b-a92d-3363d026cacf","documentId":"open-science-source-02","id":"c196","text":"Shifting resources from APC-based OA to green and diamond OA will increase the quality of research by sharing perspectives previously excluded.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"shifting resources to green and diamond OA","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"It will increase the quality of research by sharing perspectives previously excluded.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-02/c197","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/af7af628b9ed4b97","nativeRecordCid":"5fba03b4-2a45-49a2-b04e-220d2fefc233","documentId":"open-science-source-02","id":"c197","text":"Shifting resources from APC-based OA to green and diamond OA will reduce the money flowing from nonprofit research institutions to for-profit corporations.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"shifting resources to green and diamond OA","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"It will reduce the money flowing from nonprofit research institutions to for-profit corporations and enhance community control over scholarly communication.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-02/c198","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/d83ba9038304420d","nativeRecordCid":"6c3ddd97-17f0-4f99-995e-fcb6245ec454","documentId":"open-science-source-02","id":"c198","text":"Shifting resources from APC-based OA to green and diamond OA will enhance community control over scholarly communication.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"shifting resources to green and diamond OA","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"It will reduce the money flowing from nonprofit research institutions to for-profit corporations and enhance community control over scholarly communication.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-02/c199","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/314e822cbcc54a70","nativeRecordCid":"247b67f0-1ac0-4293-92e0-82ab4f140856","documentId":"open-science-source-02","id":"c199","text":"Articles in APC-based OA journals are OA in the full BOAI sense.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"APC-based OA journal articles","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"We are not saying that articles in APC-based OA journals are not OA in the full BOAI sense. They are.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-02/c200","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/858592abddad4483","nativeRecordCid":"f731786b-4e56-45ad-b942-ff14031c4d52","documentId":"open-science-source-02","id":"c200","text":"When APC-based OA grows, OA grows.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"APC-based OA growth","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"When APC-based OA grows, OA grows.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-02/c201","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/98541d9f4a7843e9","nativeRecordCid":"5adab79c-4b57-4dc5-840e-2ac2e9dcd863","documentId":"open-science-source-02","id":"c201","text":"Many institutions have decided not to pay APCs at hybrid journals.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"institutions and hybrid journal APCs","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Many institutions decided long ago not to pay APCs at hybrid journals even while acknowledging that OA articles at hybrid OA journals are *bona fide* OA.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-02/c202","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/363333e8bce548a8","nativeRecordCid":"8f9e5bbd-5acb-4e9a-a274-68fef82a42ab","documentId":"open-science-source-02","id":"c202","text":"OA articles at hybrid OA journals are bona fide OA.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"hybrid OA journal articles","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Many institutions decided long ago not to pay APCs at hybrid journals even while acknowledging that OA articles at hybrid OA journals are *bona fide* OA.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-02/c203","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/f725564e64454468","nativeRecordCid":"1468a096-523e-476b-b64b-ba9b24fe7934","documentId":"open-science-source-02","id":"c203","text":"Universities and funders paying significant amounts of money in APCs should invest in green and diamond OA instead.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"universities and funders paying significant amounts in APCs","subject":"investment in green and diamond OA","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Universities and funders paying significant amounts of money in APCs should invest in green and diamond OA instead.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-02/c204","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/aa4c69a19e484654","nativeRecordCid":"838240d6-3026-41a9-bab8-162aeddae714","documentId":"open-science-source-02","id":"c204","text":"Many APC-based OA journals and many non-OA journals could make the shift to diamond OA with the help of investment, even if they could not do so without it.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"shift to diamond OA","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Many APC-based OA journals, and many non-OA journals, could make the shift to diamond OA with the help of that investment, even if they could not do so without it.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-02/c205","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/6b2f750a5649467c","nativeRecordCid":"aec8d56d-d1df-4f04-89fa-2fd0d9707291","documentId":"open-science-source-02","id":"c205","text":"For journals that could not shift to diamond OA, authors and institutions should still favor journals that do not exclude authors on economic grounds.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"authors and institutions","subject":"journal selection","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"For journals that could not make the shift, authors and institutions should still favor journals that do not exclude authors on economic grounds.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-02/c206","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/5f45c6a6f0d146d3","nativeRecordCid":"9c25e122-aad3-4bc7-8924-98d7162ebb0c","documentId":"open-science-source-02","id":"c206","text":"No journal cancellations have been shown to be caused by the growth of green OA.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"green OA and journal cancellations","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"We still don’t know of any journal cancellations caused by the growth of green OA.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-02/c207","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/b905259c9f8e4aa9","nativeRecordCid":"295ad6c6-996c-4f84-bac2-7efe901bba8b","documentId":"open-science-source-02","id":"c207","text":"Publishers' own price increases are the leading cause of journal cancellations.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"journal cancellations","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"(Indeed, publishers themselves have produced [evidence that their own price increases are the leading cause of journal cancellations](http://web.archive.org/web/20060822230305/http:/www.alpsp.org/publications/libraryreport-summary.pdf).)","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-02/c208","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/07c99b6521cc40bc","nativeRecordCid":"4611a5e1-83df-4725-a53b-d51c54ca1209","documentId":"open-science-source-02","id":"c208","text":"The objection that green OA threatens peer-reviewed journals' survival is less common today.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"objection to green OA","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The objection is less common today, in part because publishers who formerly advanced it have started publishing their own APC-based OA journals.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-02/c209","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/9c6cbcafaf0644cf","nativeRecordCid":"3190cb50-c9c8-4a76-b7d2-00ba2b2cc85f","documentId":"open-science-source-02","id":"c209","text":"Publishers have greatly reined in their former objection that APCs lower standards by paying journals to accept new work.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"objection to APCs and standards","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"(For the same reasons, publishers have greatly reined in their former objection that APCs lower standards by paying journals to accept new work.)","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-02/c210","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/3f97c433725a453e","nativeRecordCid":"6e01236f-bb70-44f7-b2da-3fcd74648a85","documentId":"open-science-source-02","id":"c210","text":"The supposed threat of green OA to peer-reviewed journals does not apply to peer-reviewed OA journals, with or without APCs.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"threat of green OA","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"More importantly, the supposed threat of green OA to peer-reviewed journals does not apply to peer-reviewed OA journals, with or without APCs.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-02/c211","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/0df86bbbc73b4670","nativeRecordCid":"b38083a3-431b-4224-b99c-cca17dfd373b","documentId":"open-science-source-02","id":"c211","text":"The supposed threat of green OA to peer-reviewed journals does not apply to green OA for preprints.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"threat of green OA","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Nor does it apply to green OA for preprints.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-02/c212","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/ad03b5c4564c42b0","nativeRecordCid":"66dc68c2-bcc2-41f1-ae38-ae73d26b6cda","documentId":"open-science-source-02","id":"c212","text":"The supposed threat of green OA to peer-reviewed journals does not apply to peer-reviewed journals using open peer review.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"threat of green OA","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Nor does it apply to peer-reviewed journals using open peer review, which requires green OA or the equivalent for submitted manuscripts.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-02/c213","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/82c7586ece154315","nativeRecordCid":"df112243-558d-4832-ae5f-46a91adb5a88","documentId":"open-science-source-02","id":"c213","text":"Open peer review requires green OA or the equivalent for submitted manuscripts.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"open peer review","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Nor does it apply to peer-reviewed journals using open peer review, which requires green OA or the equivalent for submitted manuscripts.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-02/c214","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/72dd53e00a4c40f2","nativeRecordCid":"0d8dab1d-9c9e-4b1d-83bb-10cdc02db741","documentId":"open-science-source-02","id":"c214","text":"The supposed threat of green OA to peer-reviewed journals does not apply to overlay journals.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"threat of green OA","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Nor does it apply to overlay journals, which are peer-reviewed and blur the distinction between green and gold by using the global network of OA repositories as their distribution infrastructure.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-02/c215","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/f6155c5e98b24ebc","nativeRecordCid":"76388500-a279-47e4-82a4-61a00d93761b","documentId":"open-science-source-02","id":"c215","text":"Overlay journals are peer-reviewed and blur the distinction between green and gold OA by using the global network of OA repositories as their distribution infrastructure.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"overlay journals","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Nor does it apply to overlay journals, which are peer-reviewed and blur the distinction between green and gold by using the global network of OA repositories as their distribution infrastructure.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-02/c216","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/9dba263aab1d4ea8","nativeRecordCid":"098913e2-76f4-4802-a9cc-dcad89d4caf0","documentId":"open-science-source-02","id":"c216","text":"Green OA should remain available for preprints.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"","subject":"green OA","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"We will want green OA for preprints, for early time-stamps on new work, for updated versions after publication, for overlay journals, for preservation, for text and data mining, and for research outputs not published in journals such as datasets, source code, books, theses, dissertations, works digitized from print, and innovative new genres of scholarship.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-02/c217","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/eaeac478f18b4087","nativeRecordCid":"e9dd85cd-f134-48c5-bc45-14ab959435ad","documentId":"open-science-source-02","id":"c217","text":"Green OA should remain available for early time-stamps on new work.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"","subject":"green OA","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"We will want green OA for preprints, for early time-stamps on new work, for updated versions after publication, for overlay journals, for preservation, for text and data mining, and for research outputs not published in journals such as datasets, source code, books, theses, dissertations, works digitized from print, and innovative new genres of scholarship.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-02/c218","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/bd69c63f21804c43","nativeRecordCid":"8eb1f69a-e835-4118-bc25-4603dbddd6ff","documentId":"open-science-source-02","id":"c218","text":"Green OA should remain available for updated versions after publication.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"","subject":"green OA","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"We will want green OA for preprints, for early time-stamps on new work, for updated versions after publication, for overlay journals, for preservation, for text and data mining, and for research outputs not published in journals such as datasets, source code, books, theses, dissertations, works digitized from print, and innovative new genres of scholarship.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-02/c219","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/6f2c834d533e49c5","nativeRecordCid":"810307d8-85d8-414b-ba39-c9204bb57b90","documentId":"open-science-source-02","id":"c219","text":"Green OA should remain available for overlay journals.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"","subject":"green OA","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"We will want green OA for preprints, for early time-stamps on new work, for updated versions after publication, for overlay journals, for preservation, for text and data mining, and for research outputs not published in journals such as datasets, source code, books, theses, dissertations, works digitized from print, and innovative new genres of scholarship.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-02/c220","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/d0f51bd6dfac4f6a","nativeRecordCid":"c58c8a70-2fe9-4ac5-8ad2-4ee954b8e3b4","documentId":"open-science-source-02","id":"c220","text":"Green OA should remain available for preservation.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"","subject":"green OA","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"We will want green OA for preprints, for early time-stamps on new work, for updated versions after publication, for overlay journals, for preservation, for text and data mining, and for research outputs not published in journals such as datasets, source code, books, theses, dissertations, works digitized from print, and innovative new genres of scholarship.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-02/c221","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/62c75fac1b474757","nativeRecordCid":"ca3351da-40f7-454a-b0f3-6a6ebb1d6228","documentId":"open-science-source-02","id":"c221","text":"Green OA should remain available for text and data mining.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"","subject":"green OA","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"We will want green OA for preprints, for early time-stamps on new work, for updated versions after publication, for overlay journals, for preservation, for text and data mining, and for research outputs not published in journals such as datasets, source code, books, theses, dissertations, works digitized from print, and innovative new genres of scholarship.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-02/c222","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/d15684c52a3949f1","nativeRecordCid":"f6f1abba-b9b2-4817-ac7a-8f5cecb16474","documentId":"open-science-source-02","id":"c222","text":"Green OA should remain available for research outputs not published in journals, such as datasets, source code, books, theses, dissertations, works digitized from print, and innovative new genres of scholarship.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"","subject":"green OA","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"We will want green OA for preprints, for early time-stamps on new work, for updated versions after publication, for overlay journals, for preservation, for text and data mining, and for research outputs not published in journals such as datasets, source code, books, theses, dissertations, works digitized from print, and innovative new genres of scholarship.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-02/c223","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/21dbbfbf8c58496b","nativeRecordCid":"a3988cb6-b78d-44ae-a251-abc5a2c15902","documentId":"open-science-source-02","id":"c223","text":"Green OA should remain available for policies from institutions and nations that choose repositories over journals as the preferred venue for OA.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"","subject":"green OA","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"We will want green OA for policies from institutions and nations that choose repositories over journals as the preferred venue for OA.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-02/c224","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/0a12f46170eb429b","nativeRecordCid":"0ad7b7a2-8367-4221-8a26-ca5e53a83344","documentId":"open-science-source-02","id":"c224","text":"Green OA should support policies from institutions that don't want to limit author freedom to submit new work to the journals of their choice.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"","subject":"green OA","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"This includes policies from institutions that don’t want to limit author freedom to submit new work to the journals of their choice, and policies that want to enable early career researchers to satisfy a funder OA policy and a traditional promotion and tenure committee at the same time (more in 2.4 and 3.12).","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-02/c225","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/44fc446826df4f4f","nativeRecordCid":"d81a4402-29fb-43e3-9f91-a7c558673897","documentId":"open-science-source-02","id":"c225","text":"Green OA should support policies that enable early-career researchers to satisfy a funder OA policy and a traditional promotion and tenure committee at the same time.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"","subject":"green OA","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"This includes policies from institutions that don’t want to limit author freedom to submit new work to the journals of their choice, and policies that want to enable early career researchers to satisfy a funder OA policy and a traditional promotion and tenure committee at the same time (more in 2.4 and 3.12).","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-02/c226","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/9866ed8f22d14ce2","nativeRecordCid":"2069db57-3e84-4ae5-b51d-6b933921fb8f","documentId":"open-science-source-02","id":"c226","text":"Green OA should remain a mature and widely-accepted channel for OA research in case other channels, including APC-based OA journals, fail or become less attractive for any reason.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"","subject":"green OA","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Finally, we will want green OA as a mature and widely-accepted channel for OA research in case other channels, including APC-based OA journals, fail or become less attractive for any reason, including author boycotts or economic unsustainability.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-02/c227","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/6b526fcd13c14690","nativeRecordCid":"5aeae713-b311-438f-8881-4ef85756c51a","documentId":"open-science-source-02","id":"c227","text":"In many regions and disciplines, OA through APC-based journals has long been the most widely known kind of OA.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"APC-based OA","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"In many regions and disciplines, OA through APC-based journals has long been the most widely known kind of OA.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-02/c228","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/3cfe829f458044a9","nativeRecordCid":"d24e7330-ae03-4121-bffa-9064bf190085","documentId":"open-science-source-02","id":"c228","text":"Many stakeholders still assert or assume that all OA is APC-based gold OA.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"stakeholder beliefs about OA","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"In fact, many stakeholders still assert or assume that all OA is APC-based gold OA.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-02/c229","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/44b594b74f254e25","nativeRecordCid":"5115df61-2f74-4fa4-8d74-9d9d49d41b4f","documentId":"open-science-source-02","id":"c229","text":"OA repositories predated OA journals.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"OA repositories","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"This misunderstanding persists even though OA repositories predated OA journals and have coexisted with them for the history of OA journals.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-02/c230","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/29334b57d04245e4","nativeRecordCid":"7bb92fd8-2ef0-46a5-8aba-df3df7de5555","documentId":"open-science-source-02","id":"c230","text":"OA repositories have coexisted with OA journals for the history of OA journals.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"OA repositories","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"This misunderstanding persists even though OA repositories predated OA journals and have coexisted with them for the history of OA journals.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-02/c231","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/2636825e16b6498a","nativeRecordCid":"ce262b4c-235e-418e-bf6f-80f5d35fe5b7","documentId":"open-science-source-02","id":"c231","text":"APC-based OA journals are the minority of peer-reviewed OA journals.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"APC-based OA journals","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"It persists even though APC-based OA journals are the minority of peer-reviewed OA journals.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-02/c232","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/9d0ab57cbd344199","nativeRecordCid":"a578382e-1253-47a3-a8c7-ab6da42dd4fb","documentId":"open-science-source-02","id":"c232","text":"The misunderstanding that all OA is APC-based gold OA causes harm.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"misunderstanding about OA","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"This misunderstanding causes harm.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-02/c233","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/161983c2d94e4729","nativeRecordCid":"d90a323c-8f68-413e-9418-8cd9a530fe44","documentId":"open-science-source-02","id":"c233","text":"Authors covered by green OA policies mistakenly think they're covered by gold OA policies.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"authors under green OA policies","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Authors covered by green OA policies (requiring deposit in a repository) mistakenly think they’re covered by gold OA policies (requiring submission to a certain kind of journal).","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-02/c234","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/3b72fb7f10a54514","nativeRecordCid":"8b0ac8b0-1720-4e1e-b8e3-2c10a09d111e","documentId":"open-science-source-02","id":"c234","text":"Authors who want to make their work OA mistakenly consider just APC-based journals.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"authors seeking OA","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Authors who want to make their work OA mistakenly consider just APC-based journals.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-02/c235","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/b2de269005064a5e","nativeRecordCid":"7586bda2-be44-440e-900b-34ddb6aebf61","documentId":"open-science-source-02","id":"c235","text":"Authors who can't find funds to cover an APC mistakenly conclude that they can't make their work OA at all.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"authors unable to pay APCs","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"If they can’t find funds to cover an APC, they mistakenly conclude that they can’t make their work OA at all.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-02/c236","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/f1dab6bcf9bd4db6","nativeRecordCid":"9f14cbd8-a013-4fe3-8b8a-fb0849f95948","documentId":"open-science-source-02","id":"c236","text":"Institutions wanting to support OA journals mistakenly limit themselves to APC-based journals.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"institutions supporting OA journals","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Institutions wanting to support OA journals mistakenly limit themselves to APC-based journals.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-02/c237","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/cacfc7bd29384a11","nativeRecordCid":"4f0219df-38d5-4d66-beb7-cbf5096af537","documentId":"open-science-source-02","id":"c237","text":"Subscription journals considering a flip to OA mistakenly limit their deliberations to APC business models and don't consider other models.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"subscription journals flipping to OA","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Subscription journals considering a flip to OA [mistakenly limit their deliberations to APC business models](https://dash.harvard.edu/handle/1/27803834) and don’t consider other models.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-02/c238","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/2d8e15ac56664efa","nativeRecordCid":"c4bd93c4-3722-4d27-80a6-6668a399408f","documentId":"open-science-source-02","id":"c238","text":"Those estimating what the global research community would pay for journal articles in a fully-OA world mistakenly limit the analysis to what the community would pay in APCs.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"cost estimates for a fully-OA world","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Those thinking about what the global research community would pay for peer-reviewed journal articles in a world in which all journals had flipped to OA mistakenly limit the analysis to what the community would pay in APCs.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-02/c239","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/8fcac8a2e6f648e8","nativeRecordCid":"81bda990-a8b8-4b6c-9610-4fcaebce5039","documentId":"open-science-source-02","id":"c239","text":"Surveys of author attitudes toward OA mistakenly limit themselves to questions about APC-based OA journals.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"surveys of author attitudes toward OA","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Surveys of author attitudes toward OA mistakenly limit themselves to questions about APC-based OA journals.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-02/c240","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/2df8fd1145bb4209","nativeRecordCid":"b71b260a-40ca-4d61-a776-f9a21febbf47","documentId":"open-science-source-02","id":"c240","text":"All stakeholders, including those who support APCs, should correct misunderstandings about OA wherever they occur.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"all stakeholders","subject":"misunderstandings about OA","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"All stakeholders, including those who support APCs, should correct these misunderstandings wherever they occur.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-02/c241","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/2a61a346dad649fe","nativeRecordCid":"28a4ef6d-3e2e-4851-8460-d1e6456c5903","documentId":"open-science-source-02","id":"c241","text":"In their own communications, stakeholders should speak clearly about OA.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"stakeholders","subject":"communications about OA","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"In their own communications, they should speak clearly.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-02/c242","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/831f61799a0f4dff","nativeRecordCid":"7ea05e5f-f362-48a1-bc49-2f87a9cefb21","documentId":"open-science-source-02","id":"c242","text":"OA is delivered by many channels, including repositories, not just by journals.","kind":"definitional","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"OA channels","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"OA is delivered by many channels, including repositories, not just by journals.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-02/c243","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/4500d4c68f5743d6","nativeRecordCid":"f9d733d3-7001-4ae3-9f99-d47379e9ae13","documentId":"open-science-source-02","id":"c243","text":"OA journals use many different business models, not just APCs.","kind":"definitional","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"OA journal business models","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"OA journals use many different business models, not just APCs.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-02/c244","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/9e46f2d052734e20","nativeRecordCid":"16430a4f-0bf3-4fc5-9383-25d076b9be8c","documentId":"open-science-source-02","id":"c244","text":"More institutional OA policies should be green-only or green-gold neutral, allowing compliance through green or gold OA at the author's choice.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"institutions","subject":"institutional OA policies","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"More institutional OA policies should be green-only or green-gold neutral, allowing compliance through green or gold OA at the author’s choice.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-02/c245","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/b6cac342c1b04c73","nativeRecordCid":"9f14dac8-ee46-4d61-b54a-3792a4b1e0d6","documentId":"open-science-source-02","id":"c245","text":"Most university OA policies are still green-only.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"university OA policies","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Most university OA policies are still green-only, which we applaud.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-02/c246","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/f4f6301c95b04a9a","nativeRecordCid":"9bc9fe0c-bbea-40f7-9ad1-dd4c20bb03bc","documentId":"open-science-source-02","id":"c246","text":"Most funder OA policies are still green-only.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"funder OA policies","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Most funder OA policies are still green-only, with a growing number favoring gold.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-02/c247","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/b6ec7be0a4b147be","nativeRecordCid":"51e658c6-d7c3-42af-8482-dbdb6ed062da","documentId":"open-science-source-02","id":"c247","text":"A growing number of funder OA policies favor gold OA.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"funder OA policies","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Most funder OA policies are still green-only, with a growing number favoring gold.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-02/c248","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/e9c5d20567f44af6","nativeRecordCid":"ecf1d929-a7ff-43c4-95eb-fd2e0a9b60df","documentId":"open-science-source-02","id":"c248","text":"Plan S and the UKRI policy are green-gold neutral policies with compliance options of both kinds.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"Plan S and UKRI policy","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Some like [Plan S](https://www.coalition-s.org/why-plan-s/) and the [UKRI policy](https://www.ukri.org/publications/ukri-open-access-policy/) are green-gold neutral with compliance options of both kinds.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-02/c249","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/df108f8930494810","nativeRecordCid":"fe343150-1707-42ae-86cd-cca83ede383b","documentId":"open-science-source-02","id":"c249","text":"More universities should negotiate with publishers to autodeposit works directly into their institutional repositories.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"universities","subject":"autodeposit into institutional repositories","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Another way to take better advantage of green OA is for more universities to negotiate with publishers to autodeposit works directly into their institutional repositories.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-02/c250","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/79168104cd8e4a9c","nativeRecordCid":"c75ded27-eac4-4e78-98fd-d71dc41463fb","documentId":"open-science-source-02","id":"c250","text":"Nations should negotiate with publishers to autodeposit into national repositories or regional university repositories.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"nations","subject":"autodeposit into national repositories","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Nations should negotiate with publishers to autodeposit into national repositories or regional university repositories.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-02/c251","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/df10450446524fc3","nativeRecordCid":"ae7cf1a7-b308-46f8-8060-f88626e1451b","documentId":"open-science-source-02","id":"c251","text":"More research institutions should support overlay journals that use OA repositories as their distribution channel.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"research institutions","subject":"overlay journals","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"More research institutions should support overlay journals that use OA repositories as their distribution channel.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-02/c252","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/07755507c0794d43","nativeRecordCid":"4f185fd4-1d64-4b57-9fa3-add323c186a2","documentId":"open-science-source-02","id":"c252","text":"More universities and funders should adopt rights-retention policies, to allow green OA when publishers don't and to support unembargoed and open-licensed green when authors and institutions would not otherwise hold the needed rights.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"universities and funders","subject":"rights-retention policies","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"More universities and funders should adopt rights-retention policies, to allow green OA when publishers don’t and to support unembargoed and open-licensed green when authors and institutions would not otherwise hold the needed rights.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-02/c253","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/12bf7c93ab0f4001","nativeRecordCid":"9cd58016-b3a5-47bf-82cc-9814351070e4","documentId":"open-science-source-02","id":"c253","text":"More countries should adopt \"Taverne-style\" copyright amendments to allow green OA.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"countries","subject":"copyright amendments","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"More countries should adopt [“Taverne-style” copyright amendments](https://www.openaccess.nl/en/events/amendment-to-copyright-act) to the same effect, or strengthen their existing amendments by dropping restrictions and embargoes.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-02/c254","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/3166bfbcfb7440f6","nativeRecordCid":"f35cc77e-8996-489e-97f9-ef0268565f23","documentId":"open-science-source-02","id":"c254","text":"Countries should strengthen their existing copyright amendments by dropping restrictions and embargoes.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"countries","subject":"copyright amendments","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"More countries should adopt [“Taverne-style” copyright amendments](https://www.openaccess.nl/en/events/amendment-to-copyright-act) to the same effect, or strengthen their existing amendments by dropping restrictions and embargoes.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-02/c255","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/5ee272cf04ff441b","nativeRecordCid":"3181ff42-5822-4bee-9dc1-3e1f9426881d","documentId":"open-science-source-02","id":"c255","text":"Green OA can meet the conditions of immediate and openly-licensed OA.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"green OA","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"More institutions and nations that want immediate and openly-licensed OA should understand that green OA can meet those conditions.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-02/c256","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/b2ee4a6f64724d16","nativeRecordCid":"27772cbd-7024-4356-aaa1-1e073d36cffd","documentId":"open-science-source-02","id":"c256","text":"More universities should launch systematic and adequately funded efforts to gather the institution's research output for the institutional repository.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"universities","subject":"institutional repository collection efforts","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"More universities should launch systematic and adequately funded efforts to gather the institution’s research output for the institutional repository.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-02/c257","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/523dd87e5e8548b4","nativeRecordCid":"cffb8a2c-85b7-44bb-8ede-de01b45910ff","documentId":"open-science-source-02","id":"c257","text":"Universities paying APCs should redirect growing percentages of that money, and growing percentages of their subscription budgets, to green OA efforts.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"universities paying APCs","subject":"redirecting APC and subscription funds","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Universities paying APCs (through publisher agreements or special funds) should redirect growing percentages of that money, and growing percentages of their subscription budgets, to the same green OA efforts.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-02/c258","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/f2c811bf91c8441f","nativeRecordCid":"193d3d91-8b73-404f-8024-52997ffa378d","documentId":"open-science-source-02","id":"c258","text":"Universities and funders that encourage or require gold OA and find it hard to pay APCs for all covered authors should encourage or require green OA.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"universities and funders encouraging gold OA","subject":"green OA","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Universities and funders that encourage or require gold OA, and find it hard to pay APCs for all covered authors, should encourage or require green OA and invest instead in the project to collect the covered works for the OA repository.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-02/c259","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/b3a9220a36474e5a","nativeRecordCid":"57fafe0c-423f-4799-82fc-0cd35734226a","documentId":"open-science-source-02","id":"c259","text":"Universities and funders that encourage or require gold OA and find it hard to pay APCs for all covered authors should invest in the project to collect the covered works for the OA repository.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"universities and funders encouraging gold OA","subject":"OA repository collection project","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Universities and funders that encourage or require gold OA, and find it hard to pay APCs for all covered authors, should encourage or require green OA and invest instead in the project to collect the covered works for the OA repository.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-02/c260","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/1e5e88c6a06a43bd","nativeRecordCid":"faefef53-fc46-404b-aaf9-db28d774586f","documentId":"open-science-source-02","id":"c260","text":"More authors and institutions should favor journals that use open licenses and do not demand exclusive rights, freeing more articles and versions for repository deposit.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"authors and institutions","subject":"journal selection for open licenses","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"More authors and institutions should favor journals that use open licenses and do not demand exclusive rights, freeing more articles and more versions for repository deposit.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-02/c261","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/6ddca843cdd84fb8","nativeRecordCid":"9afcdf7e-9276-40f3-a236-7954a49ea18d","documentId":"open-science-source-02","id":"c261","text":"Accepted author manuscripts usually contain the same substantive text as the version of record.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"accepted author manuscripts","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"More authors and institutions should understand that accepted author manuscripts usually contain the same substantive text as the version of record.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-02/c262","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/d9808b06618c4890","nativeRecordCid":"eec7f885-be5a-44ce-ab90-e775dce6a1a6","documentId":"open-science-source-02","id":"c262","text":"Funders and universities should help early-career researchers use green OA to comply with funder OA policies, especially when promotion and tenure committees encourage or reward publication in non-OA journals.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"funders and universities","subject":"early-career researchers and green OA","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Finally (following 2.4 and 3.10), funders and universities should both help early-career researchers use green OA to comply with funder OA policies, especially when their promotion and tenure committees encourage or reward publication in non-OA journals.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-02/c263","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/8df5c842355f4a4d","nativeRecordCid":"43222627-b419-4748-99b0-e8d7eee0e526","documentId":"open-science-source-02","id":"c263","text":"More universities, funders, and governments should go beyond moral support for diamond OA to financial support.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"universities, funders, and governments","subject":"diamond OA support","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"More universities, funders, and governments should go beyond moral support for diamond OA to financial support.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-02/c264","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/c21005665bd04188","nativeRecordCid":"0622faaf-d2d1-4333-b93d-78b036934f29","documentId":"open-science-source-02","id":"c264","text":"Universities, funders, and governments could contribute directly to diamond journals managed or edited by their faculty or grantees.","kind":"normative","modality":"may","actor":"universities, funders, and governments","subject":"direct diamond journal contribution","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"They could contribute directly to diamond journals managed or edited by their faculty or grantees.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-02/c265","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/09e2683cb0f24a1b","nativeRecordCid":"84fc9682-a735-4d43-94ca-f810447e6b61","documentId":"open-science-source-02","id":"c265","text":"Universities, funders, and governments could support diamond OA initiatives directly.","kind":"normative","modality":"may","actor":"universities, funders, and governments","subject":"diamond OA initiatives","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"They could support diamond OA initiatives such as [Open Library of Humanities](https://www.openlibhums.org/news/483/), [OPERAS](https://www.operas-eu.org/), and [Redalyc-AmeliCA](http://amelica.org/index.php/en/home/).","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-02/c266","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/bf99289d57964b24","nativeRecordCid":"b0b021fa-b0a7-4491-ab86-393fee068be1","documentId":"open-science-source-02","id":"c266","text":"Universities, funders, and governments could support diamond OA indirectly through intermediary organizations.","kind":"normative","modality":"may","actor":"universities, funders, and governments","subject":"indirect diamond OA support","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Or they could support diamond OA indirectly through organizations such as the Fair Open Access Alliance ([FOAA](https://www.fairopenaccess.org/)), Free Journal Network ([FJN](https://freejournals.org/)), [JISC](https://www.jisc.ac.uk/blog/a-new-approach-to-supporting-scholarly-communications-announcing-the-oacf-24-feb-2022), [LingOA](https://www.lingoa.eu/), or the Open Access Community Investment Program ([OACIP](https://www.lyrasis.org/content/Pages/oacip.aspx)).","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-02/c267","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/778d1fca420a40d8","nativeRecordCid":"5dc6a0a0-6f50-4ee5-8953-9a1f4d6788ca","documentId":"open-science-source-02","id":"c267","text":"Universities and funders paying APCs should redirect growing percentages of that money to support diamond OA journals.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"universities and funders paying APCs","subject":"diamond OA funding","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Universities and funders paying APCs should redirect growing percentages of that money to support diamond OA journals.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-02/c268","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/85569b8383004847","nativeRecordCid":"105e71f3-e0ac-41b2-8deb-2b521b53ba54","documentId":"open-science-source-02","id":"c268","text":"Libraries should redirect funds from their subscription budgets to support diamond OA journals.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"libraries","subject":"diamond OA funding","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Libraries should redirect funds from their subscription budgets for the same purpose.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-02/c269","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/1e3df7e3068f4ec2","nativeRecordCid":"9841fa2d-ae40-4201-a8d9-b830e622c1cc","documentId":"open-science-source-02","id":"c269","text":"Those that provide financial support for APCs should provide at least as much financial support for no-APC OA journals.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"those funding APCs","subject":"no-APC OA journal funding","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Those that provide financial support for APCs should provide at least as much financial support for no-APC OA journals.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-02/c270","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/e88418c6e630422b","nativeRecordCid":"773a7987-0fbc-4a2b-9aae-74609ddad40d","documentId":"open-science-source-02","id":"c270","text":"Scholars and diamond OA publishers should help document the variety of ways in which diamond journals find the funds to pay their bills.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"scholars and diamond OA publishers","subject":"diamond journal funding documentation","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Scholars and diamond OA publishers should help [document the variety of ways](https://scienceeurope.org/our-resources/oa-diamond-journals-study/) in which diamond journals find the funds to pay their bills.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-02/c271","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/efb5fcc35d7b450a","nativeRecordCid":"325bc7a1-9f84-485c-b5b6-29ba59efa664","documentId":"open-science-source-02","id":"c271","text":"Subscription journals often explore the possibility of converting to OA.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"subscription journals","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Just as subscription journals often explore the possibility of converting to OA, and hybrid journals often explore converting to non-hybrid OA, more APC-based OA journals should explore the possibility of converting to diamond OA.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-02/c272","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/382135d9e5914dc8","nativeRecordCid":"f5ff6918-e85f-426a-bc63-0de591a09ac5","documentId":"open-science-source-02","id":"c272","text":"Hybrid journals often explore converting to non-hybrid OA.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"hybrid journals","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Just as subscription journals often explore the possibility of converting to OA, and hybrid journals often explore converting to non-hybrid OA, more APC-based OA journals should explore the possibility of converting to diamond OA.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-02/c273","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/b1e5144e618a4abd","nativeRecordCid":"d7ad946d-2a86-40ec-8d34-8d45c8efe86c","documentId":"open-science-source-02","id":"c273","text":"More APC-based OA journals should explore the possibility of converting to diamond OA.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"APC-based OA journals","subject":"conversion to diamond OA","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Just as subscription journals often explore the possibility of converting to OA, and hybrid journals often explore converting to non-hybrid OA, more APC-based OA journals should explore the possibility of converting to diamond OA.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-02/c274","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/dc87cbc4b6a84275","nativeRecordCid":"bbe8a3ce-bd20-4e6d-a998-a681a2aff66d","documentId":"open-science-source-02","id":"c274","text":"Existing diamond OA journals should support this exploration by working with journals considering the model on why they adopted the no-APC model and how it works in practice.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"existing diamond OA journals","subject":"support for journals exploring diamond OA","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Existing diamond OA journals should support this exploration by working with journals considering the model on why they adopted the no-APC model and how it works in practice.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-02/c275","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/96b4bcdd720e4b83","nativeRecordCid":"770bb42f-316f-4c8d-a582-e9ce9a1df95c","documentId":"open-science-source-02","id":"c275","text":"Those who spend money to publish OA research should remember the goals to which OA is the means.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"","subject":"OA publishing spending","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"**When we spend money to publish OA research, we should remember the goals to which OA is the means.**","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-02/c276","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/3118938d169b476e","nativeRecordCid":"fd43e664-f820-4291-9550-faf761407449","documentId":"open-science-source-02","id":"c276","text":"Publishing models should be favored that benefit all regions of the world.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"","subject":"publishing models","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"We should favor publishing models which benefit all regions of the world, which are controlled by academic-led and nonprofit organizations, which avoid concentrating new OA literature in commercially dominant journals, and which avoid entrenching models in conflict with these goals.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-02/c277","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/5afb8621d3af4140","nativeRecordCid":"a94863f8-97c2-4103-a796-07a55b193e15","documentId":"open-science-source-02","id":"c277","text":"Publishing models should be favored that are controlled by academic-led and nonprofit organizations.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"","subject":"publishing models","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"We should favor publishing models which benefit all regions of the world, which are controlled by academic-led and nonprofit organizations, which avoid concentrating new OA literature in commercially dominant journals, and which avoid entrenching models in conflict with these goals.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-02/c278","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/924c3dbcc8844aa4","nativeRecordCid":"ec55391b-19a3-4c01-80b7-45cf2c7155f3","documentId":"open-science-source-02","id":"c278","text":"Publishing models should be favored that avoid concentrating new OA literature in commercially dominant journals.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"","subject":"publishing models","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"We should favor publishing models which benefit all regions of the world, which are controlled by academic-led and nonprofit organizations, which avoid concentrating new OA literature in commercially dominant journals, and which avoid entrenching models in conflict with these goals.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-02/c279","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/8281a91d3e534ce2","nativeRecordCid":"71e890af-ebbe-4e38-9623-a71b8b274c67","documentId":"open-science-source-02","id":"c279","text":"Publishing models should be favored that avoid entrenching models in conflict with these goals.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"","subject":"publishing models","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"We should favor publishing models which benefit all regions of the world, which are controlled by academic-led and nonprofit organizations, which avoid concentrating new OA literature in commercially dominant journals, and which avoid entrenching models in conflict with these goals.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-02/c280","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/dc189aa8353946f4","nativeRecordCid":"1816caaf-4867-4b43-b0f2-a70449d8df47","documentId":"open-science-source-02","id":"c280","text":"Offset, read-and-publish, or so-called transformative agreements should be moved away from.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"","subject":"read-and-publish agreements","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"We recommend moving away from “offset”, “read-and-publish”, or so-called “transformative” agreements.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-02/c281","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/51b6ddb59ba945a4","nativeRecordCid":"db984251-fd88-4f4b-9800-458aa8b22d7c","documentId":"open-science-source-02","id":"c281","text":"There are many variations on read-and-publish agreements.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"read-and-publish agreements","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"We’ll refer to these agreements collectively as “read-and-publish” agreements, while acknowledging that there are [many variations on the theme](https://esac-initiative.org/wp-content/uploads/2021/12/ESAC_HowTransformativeIsIt_Dec2021.pdf).","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-02/c282","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/a93413cb4f7649b3","nativeRecordCid":"eafad572-cc49-4a72-9111-225fd1425e28","documentId":"open-science-source-02","id":"c282","text":"Read-and-publish agreements have the beneficial effect of increasing the number of OA articles.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"read-and-publish agreements","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Read-and-publish agreements have the beneficial effect of [increasing the number of OA articles](https://esac-initiative.org/market-watch/).","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-02/c283","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/fa8d0bc7df9640c4","nativeRecordCid":"a7c10f85-0dee-4d97-b9a8-94b4b46030ea","documentId":"open-science-source-02","id":"c283","text":"Read-and-publish agreements depend on the APC model.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"read-and-publish agreements","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"These agreements depend on the APC model and entrench it even further.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-02/c284","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/bcdee0f9fd4a4e88","nativeRecordCid":"0147f15f-6fb0-4afe-9432-8b996d39aae7","documentId":"open-science-source-02","id":"c284","text":"Read-and-publish agreements entrench the APC model even further.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"read-and-publish agreements","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"These agreements depend on the APC model and entrench it even further.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-02/c285","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/a4b599bfb86a4f12","nativeRecordCid":"b543a615-71f0-4c44-a616-dfbf699f21ea","documentId":"open-science-source-02","id":"c285","text":"Read-and-publish agreements grow the OA corpus by methods that exclude some authors.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"read-and-publish agreements","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Hence, they grow the OA corpus by methods that exclude some authors.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-02/c286","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/8414821b9c7e4919","nativeRecordCid":"933991f8-7a91-4eb2-98ab-23d5af1b51cf","documentId":"open-science-source-02","id":"c286","text":"The OA corpus should be grown by methods that include authors without regard to their institutional affiliations or economic circumstances.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"","subject":"growth of the OA corpus","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"We want to grow the OA corpus by methods that include authors without regard to their institutional affiliations or economic circumstances.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-02/c287","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/61fa0f24541343ee","nativeRecordCid":"5a1dc0e4-da22-41cc-968d-ad82c6a6e9a6","documentId":"open-science-source-02","id":"c287","text":"Read-and-publish agreements are unsustainable.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"read-and-publish agreements","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Finally, we believe these agreements are unsustainable, by paying more than necessary and putting short-term growth ahead of long-term growth.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-02/c288","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/85ad720dcffb4481","nativeRecordCid":"0c85cddc-7df3-47d4-a08d-bb4118ad3545","documentId":"open-science-source-02","id":"c288","text":"Read-and-publish agreements pay more than necessary.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"read-and-publish agreements","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Finally, we believe these agreements are unsustainable, by paying more than necessary and putting short-term growth ahead of long-term growth.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-02/c289","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/05f87e4dd18e44cd","nativeRecordCid":"4bf2ba9d-ba3b-46ca-998b-613906c766fb","documentId":"open-science-source-02","id":"c289","text":"Read-and-publish agreements put short-term growth ahead of long-term growth.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"read-and-publish agreements","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Finally, we believe these agreements are unsustainable, by paying more than necessary and putting short-term growth ahead of long-term growth.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-02/c290","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/a53b170213f74297","nativeRecordCid":"96d19d81-61b0-46a7-ab59-2fece08a65f9","documentId":"open-science-source-02","id":"c290","text":"Authors do not pay APCs, and needn't seek funding for them, at journals covered by read-and-publish agreements.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"read-and-publish agreements","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"While authors don’t pay APCs at covered journals, and needn’t look for funding to pay APCs, the negotiations eventually agree on a certain cost of publication that the institution should bear.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-02/c291","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/a63b3c0eea984d29","nativeRecordCid":"f0a7bbc2-9e64-461e-84df-ef560035ba7f","documentId":"open-science-source-02","id":"c291","text":"The negotiations underlying read-and-publish agreements eventually agree on a certain cost of publication that the institution bears.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"read-and-publish agreements","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"While authors don’t pay APCs at covered journals, and needn’t look for funding to pay APCs, the negotiations eventually agree on a certain cost of publication that the institution should bear.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-02/c292","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/d0d3aa68e166481e","nativeRecordCid":"13994cf0-83c8-4b42-a8c2-3fef70ca007a","documentId":"open-science-source-02","id":"c292","text":"The costs charged to institutions under read-and-publish agreements are APCs or their equivalent.","kind":"definitional","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"read-and-publish agreement costs","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"These costs charged to the institution are APCs or the equivalent for present purposes.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-02/c293","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/fc134b0ea5e9472f","nativeRecordCid":"fc2413c4-1053-4faa-974c-1eea60e11888","documentId":"open-science-source-02","id":"c293","text":"Read-and-publish agreements arrange for institutions to prepay APCs on behalf of authors instead of eliminating APCs.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"read-and-publish agreements","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Instead of eliminating APCs, these agreements arrange for institutions to prepay them on behalf of authors.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-02/c294","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/7287df4c494149f5","nativeRecordCid":"485ba9f3-dd62-4820-839a-72b2731c2df1","documentId":"open-science-source-02","id":"c294","text":"The read-and-publish arrangement is an advance over author-facing APCs.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"read-and-publish arrangement","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"This arrangement is an advance over author-facing APCs, but still carries the other disadvantages of APCs.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-02/c295","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/b7aba88acff44203","nativeRecordCid":"c30fc51f-eee8-4515-86d1-d82d2e304514","documentId":"open-science-source-02","id":"c295","text":"The read-and-publish arrangement still carries the other disadvantages of APCs.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"read-and-publish arrangement","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"This arrangement is an advance over author-facing APCs, but still carries the other disadvantages of APCs.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-02/c296","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/32726001659d47bc","nativeRecordCid":"8a3841c1-44e0-4755-92ca-a9f6468aebb1","documentId":"open-science-source-02","id":"c296","text":"APCs prepaid by read-and-publish agreements are just as opaque and inscrutable as author-facing APCs.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"prepaid APCs","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"APCs prepaid by these agreements are just as opaque and inscrutable as author-facing APCs.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-02/c297","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/a7cd1a3e79ea4cb6","nativeRecordCid":"5d0d2c2e-c98d-409e-a875-ea445ef78a84","documentId":"open-science-source-02","id":"c297","text":"The APC waivers and discounts delivered by read-and-publish agreements are just as opaque and inscrutable as author-facing APCs.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"APC waivers and discounts","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The same is true for the APC waivers and discounts they are supposed to deliver.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-02/c298","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/e4cb48d3c33d4eff","nativeRecordCid":"1b5efbfe-5cc7-40cb-b069-2042c2ad0f3e","documentId":"open-science-source-02","id":"c298","text":"We don't know what publisher expenses the negotiated APC-equivalent cost covers.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"negotiated APC-equivalent cost","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"We may know the amount the two parties used for the calculation, but we don’t know what publisher expenses it covers or how far it exceeds the publisher’s expenses.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-02/c299","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/a851dd6ca03446ec","nativeRecordCid":"79c9ab42-8d88-4a46-a950-9b4af09ee72b","documentId":"open-science-source-02","id":"c299","text":"We don't know how far the negotiated APC-equivalent cost exceeds the publisher's expenses.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"negotiated APC-equivalent cost","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"We may know the amount the two parties used for the calculation, but we don’t know what publisher expenses it covers or how far it exceeds the publisher’s expenses.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-02/c300","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/1d8e87f15997456f","nativeRecordCid":"a7578ca8-b50e-4548-9580-460348faa80d","documentId":"open-science-source-02","id":"c300","text":"In some variations, read-and-publish agreements give a university an unlimited number of waivers.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"read-and-publish agreements","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"In some variations on the theme, agreements give a university an unlimited number of waivers.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-02/c301","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/e96a0d1709dd4442","nativeRecordCid":"8bb016fb-5a15-4fff-9036-bcd92cc4f501","documentId":"open-science-source-02","id":"c301","text":"In agreements with unlimited waivers, the APC or equivalent reduces in price as more covered authors publish in covered journals.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"unlimited-waiver agreements","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"In those cases the APC or equivalent reduces in price as more covered authors publish in covered journals.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-02/c302","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/86e9b6a496ac44fc","nativeRecordCid":"4f2e0f34-f50d-45c8-9618-02f69a7b6636","documentId":"open-science-source-02","id":"c302","text":"The unlimited-waivers feature is better than variations without it.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"unlimited-waivers feature","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"That is better than variations without this feature, but does not address other problems with this model and even aggravates the problem of steering the bulk of covered research to the commercially dominant tier of publishers (see 4.9).","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-02/c303","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/6f1c41224ef44e15","nativeRecordCid":"c1b8a9f0-f275-4a48-bf3f-3dcdfcb5b48a","documentId":"open-science-source-02","id":"c303","text":"The unlimited-waivers feature does not address other problems with the read-and-publish model.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"unlimited-waivers feature","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"That is better than variations without this feature, but does not address other problems with this model and even aggravates the problem of steering the bulk of covered research to the commercially dominant tier of publishers (see 4.9).","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-02/c304","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/ad988f1b65724619","nativeRecordCid":"4d1278bc-82d8-4a29-bba1-8da4594716be","documentId":"open-science-source-02","id":"c304","text":"The unlimited-waivers feature aggravates the problem of steering the bulk of covered research to the commercially dominant tier of publishers.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"unlimited-waivers feature","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"That is better than variations without this feature, but does not address other problems with this model and even aggravates the problem of steering the bulk of covered research to the commercially dominant tier of publishers (see 4.9).","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-02/c305","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/9ae7d0aedc8043dd","nativeRecordCid":"ae5e88fd-e4ff-4560-99c5-f5aa32674d5e","documentId":"open-science-source-02","id":"c305","text":"Read-and-publish agreements exclude authors from institutions that cannot afford these agreements.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"read-and-publish agreements","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"It excludes authors from institutions that cannot afford these agreements.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-02/c306","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/7323bdad79db4544","nativeRecordCid":"73ab75cf-37ad-4f5d-8144-42161373eec7","documentId":"open-science-source-02","id":"c306","text":"Read-and-publish agreements reduce incentives for authors or institutions to favor journals with lower or no APCs.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"read-and-publish agreements","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"These agreements also reduce incentives for authors or institutions to favor journals with lower APCs, or no APCs (the majority of all OA journals, remember), and for funders to pay APCs alongside universities.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-02/c307","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/0f7f94b606a04d21","nativeRecordCid":"57ecd9c3-bfa2-409e-b2b6-3fdb7ac412b8","documentId":"open-science-source-02","id":"c307","text":"Read-and-publish agreements reduce incentives for funders to pay APCs alongside universities.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"read-and-publish agreements","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"These agreements also reduce incentives for authors or institutions to favor journals with lower APCs, or no APCs (the majority of all OA journals, remember), and for funders to pay APCs alongside universities.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-02/c308","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/17bfea3614c44c8b","nativeRecordCid":"c1bab356-515e-4d98-ab9b-be47fe5a057f","documentId":"open-science-source-02","id":"c308","text":"A journal APC can be high because it's tied to high expenses, for example at highly selective journals.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"journal APCs","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"A journal APC can be high because it’s tied to high expenses, for example, at highly selective journals.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-02/c309","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/7950dff9ebe641a0","nativeRecordCid":"874af41f-a8d4-4753-8d27-517b53bb9bff","documentId":"open-science-source-02","id":"c309","text":"Even when a journal's APC is tied to high expenses, the APC may still be more than necessary to cover those expenses.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"journal APCs","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"In those cases the problem is not that the APC is more than necessary to cover the journal’s expenses, although it might still be more than necessary for that purpose.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-02/c310","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/a0daf700f9264281","nativeRecordCid":"30859a4b-e923-4fe0-9696-a5309976b42c","documentId":"open-science-source-02","id":"c310","text":"An APC can be more than necessary to publish the same article in another venue, such as a journal with a lower or no APC or an OA repository.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"journal APCs","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The problem is that it’s more than necessary to publish the same article in another venue, for example, in a journal with a lower APC, a journal with no APC, or an OA repository.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-02/c311","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/f22cf422c8a449b7","nativeRecordCid":"6cbfaee6-7eb1-4afd-88e5-c89c09a8753c","documentId":"open-science-source-02","id":"c311","text":"This problem is intrinsic to APC-based OA journals, even those with lower production costs and APCs.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"APC-based OA journals","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"This problem is intrinsic to APC-based OA journals, even those with lower production costs and APCs.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-02/c312","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/1962049d1e174ae6","nativeRecordCid":"c1551c02-c7b1-4a9f-92ab-9ff1d66108f0","documentId":"open-science-source-02","id":"c312","text":"There must be a special and weighty justification to pay a fee to share research when the same research can be shared without paying a fee.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"","subject":"justification for paying to share research","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"There must be a special and weighty justification to pay a fee to share research when the same research can be shared without paying a fee.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-02/c313","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/66a29c6d8f0b42b8","nativeRecordCid":"68154f14-365f-4684-a4bd-26561477292e","documentId":"open-science-source-02","id":"c313","text":"When an author can publish the same article elsewhere, paying an APC does not improve the article's quality.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"APC payment and article quality","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"When the author can publish the same article elsewhere, the justification cannot be that the payment improves the article’s quality.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-02/c314","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/9526454618d24cbc","nativeRecordCid":"71019bbc-c4a5-4a0a-82fd-c83aa095ffbd","documentId":"open-science-source-02","id":"c314","text":"Paying an APC for a journal's brand, prestige, or metric scores does not improve the article's quality.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"APC payment and article quality","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Nor does the payment  improve the article’s quality when its purpose is to pay for a journal’s brand, prestige, or metric scores.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-02/c315","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/8a520c02d0da4eb1","nativeRecordCid":"ffa8b754-fb47-491d-91fc-222302d29acb","documentId":"open-science-source-02","id":"c315","text":"APC fees pay for the perception of improved quality rather than for improved quality itself.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"APC fees","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Those fees don’t pay for improved quality, but for the perception of improved quality.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-02/c316","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/2fe3c5d592904295","nativeRecordCid":"7d1b3816-4f70-430f-9e86-741ddf01e8f2","documentId":"open-science-source-02","id":"c316","text":"Career advancement can depend on the perception of improved quality conferred by journal prestige.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"career advancement","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"We understand that career advancement can depend on that perception.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-02/c317","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/821e028366594610","nativeRecordCid":"7a4fe050-ca5a-4e02-aed3-9ec2f311cf97","documentId":"open-science-source-02","id":"c317","text":"Research assessment committees should pay less attention to where research is published and more attention to the quality of research itself.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"research assessment committees","subject":"research assessment criteria","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The most equitable, sustainable, and academically honest solution is for research assessment committees to pay less attention to where research is published and more attention to the quality of research itself.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-02/c318","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/b26d08882952405b","nativeRecordCid":"5a58f1db-8c60-49da-ba0d-936834fa06db","documentId":"open-science-source-02","id":"c318","text":"Paying APCs, whether or not closely tied to production costs, gives up the fight to promote models that scale sustainably for all disciplines, regions, and economic strata.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"paying APCs","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Whether or not APCs are closely tied to production costs, paying them gives up the fight to promote models that scale sustainably for all disciplines, regions, and economic strata.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-02/c319","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/89c779d0115743a2","nativeRecordCid":"d1e03a66-54a0-4f92-8b94-bb087d416dac","documentId":"open-science-source-02","id":"c319","text":"Journals covered by read-and-publish agreements continue to charge subscriptions and make only some of their articles OA.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"journals covered by read-and-publish agreements","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Journals covered by these agreements continue to charge subscriptions and make only some of their articles OA.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-02/c320","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/ac07cd6620834b77","nativeRecordCid":"1c7c51d4-729d-4af0-a195-75a7ebf0ae9e","documentId":"open-science-source-02","id":"c320","text":"Journals that charge subscriptions and make only some articles OA are hybrid journals.","kind":"definitional","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"hybrid journals","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"They are hybrid journals.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-02/c321","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/f0e905f47a2840f9","nativeRecordCid":"199f0c0b-3ee7-4b18-8ad5-cef4a279e01d","documentId":"open-science-source-02","id":"c321","text":"APCs should not be paid at hybrid journals.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"","subject":"hybrid journal APCs","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"We advise against paying APCs at hybrid journals, as many universities and funders have long since decided.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-02/c322","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/01d33871adb84993","nativeRecordCid":"ad3bae1e-0d0f-443f-a848-91b760cdddf8","documentId":"open-science-source-02","id":"c322","text":"Many universities and funders have long since decided against paying APCs at hybrid journals.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"universities and funders","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"We advise against paying APCs at hybrid journals, as many universities and funders have long since decided.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-02/c323","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/a6719117576046cd","nativeRecordCid":"fb582b9d-6e56-4c59-a147-22754c63c076","documentId":"open-science-source-02","id":"c323","text":"Hybrid journals charge higher average APCs than full OA journals.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"hybrid journals","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Another is that [hybrid journals charge higher average APCs than full OA journals](https://deltathink.com/news-views-open-access-charges-consolidation-increases-and-breaking-through-the-10k-barrier/), even though hybrid journals also benefit from subscription revenue.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-02/c324","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/cae3a7c4fd604ab9","nativeRecordCid":"51a5131d-a044-4330-b0a2-b2eb3bd2103d","documentId":"open-science-source-02","id":"c324","text":"Hybrid journals also benefit from subscription revenue.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"hybrid journals","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Another is that [hybrid journals charge higher average APCs than full OA journals](https://deltathink.com/news-views-open-access-charges-consolidation-increases-and-breaking-through-the-10k-barrier/), even though hybrid journals also benefit from subscription revenue.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-02/c325","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/430842a2937b451f","nativeRecordCid":"21de67d2-97a7-4793-9bf0-46720c7eebc7","documentId":"open-science-source-02","id":"c325","text":"Hybrid journals often double-dip, charging twice for their OA articles, once through subscriptions and once through APCs.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"hybrid journals","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Another is that hybrid journals often double-dip (charge twice for their OA articles, once through subscriptions and once through APCs).","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-02/c326","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/142dc8d351bf405b","nativeRecordCid":"0ecb386c-23ea-4979-8dda-9acf721c39a6","documentId":"open-science-source-02","id":"c326","text":"Full or non-hybrid OA journals cannot double-dip.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"non-hybrid OA journals","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Full or non-hybrid OA journals cannot double-dip.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-02/c327","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/9f134bc1527a4a1e","nativeRecordCid":"9fd21983-e58b-48f1-852e-ed056454a308","documentId":"open-science-source-02","id":"c327","text":"Paying APCs at hybrid journals pays the journals to stay hybrid.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"hybrid journal APCs","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Paying APCs at hybrid journals pays the journals to stay hybrid.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-02/c328","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/6fa0f643438f4adb","nativeRecordCid":"9faf1946-4b7a-401f-ac6e-90028e5d73e9","documentId":"open-science-source-02","id":"c328","text":"Paying APCs at hybrid journals pays them to resist conversion to full OA.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"hybrid journal APCs","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"It pays them to resist the conversion to full OA that many institutions intend and predict when they enter the agreements (more in 4.7, next).","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-02/c329","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/09732213f10e447e","nativeRecordCid":"ea26ffa2-3162-415b-9637-080375d32f78","documentId":"open-science-source-02","id":"c329","text":"Many institutions intend and predict conversion to full OA when they enter read-and-publish agreements.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"institutions entering read-and-publish agreements","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"It pays them to resist the conversion to full OA that many institutions intend and predict when they enter the agreements (more in 4.7, next).","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-02/c330","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/782d2982fa724dbe","nativeRecordCid":"0becb5f1-312e-4d9c-845b-f4010e8146ee","documentId":"open-science-source-02","id":"c330","text":"We are not seeing many conversions of journals covered by read-and-publish agreements from hybrid to full or non-hybrid OA.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"journal conversions","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"But we aren’t seeing many conversions.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-02/c331","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/de6a03243cef4175","nativeRecordCid":"720f12aa-427f-4b93-9ad0-5a9cfb18f88d","documentId":"open-science-source-02","id":"c331","text":"We are not seeing publisher plans for conversion of covered journals to full OA.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"journal conversions","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Nor are we seeing publisher plans for conversion.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-02/c332","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/0eee93372d3a4678","nativeRecordCid":"34226220-48fa-4dcc-b4c6-8a3cbf8bda8f","documentId":"open-science-source-02","id":"c332","text":"We are not seeing read-and-publish agreements that make conversion an enforceable provision of the contract.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"read-and-publish agreements","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Nor are we seeing agreements that make conversion an enforceable provision of the contract.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-02/c333","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/4d872efe14114fa1","nativeRecordCid":"3d45fa14-f8fa-4ce9-a94f-ca873076561f","documentId":"open-science-source-02","id":"c333","text":"Conversions from hybrid to full OA driven by read-and-publish agreements will not be significant progress if the resulting OA journals rely on APCs.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"agreement-based conversions","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Note, however, that even if we start to see agreement-based conversions from hybrid to full OA, that will not be a significant kind of progress if the new OA journals rely on APCs.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-02/c334","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/812a0873ca734857","nativeRecordCid":"d2d31074-56eb-40f1-bdce-27b02de60167","documentId":"open-science-source-02","id":"c334","text":"Many institutions make read-and-publish agreements in part to see whether they will bring about the expected journal conversions.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"institutions and read-and-publish agreements","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Many institutions make these agreements in part to see whether they will bring about the expected journal conversions.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-02/c335","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/ec939d75693641da","nativeRecordCid":"5e0d369f-ebed-4d33-85ad-f347e3a40939","documentId":"open-science-source-02","id":"c335","text":"Institutions' support for read-and-publish agreements should be appropriately experimental or provisional.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"institutions","subject":"support for read-and-publish agreements","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"We support experiments and recommend that these institutions make their support appropriately experimental or provisional.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-02/c336","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/bed0a39c1e814665","nativeRecordCid":"286dff68-52eb-4fe3-bfad-0483f4f87d34","documentId":"open-science-source-02","id":"c336","text":"Read-and-publish agreements tend to be made by the largest and wealthiest publishers.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"read-and-publish agreements","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"These agreements tend to be made by the largest and wealthiest publishers, steering much of the new OA literature toward themselves (4.4).","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-02/c337","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/60620a7c8d9f402c","nativeRecordCid":"262d0f08-6a31-4142-afb1-9925dcbfdf59","documentId":"open-science-source-02","id":"c337","text":"Read-and-publish agreements steer much of the new OA literature toward the largest and wealthiest publishers.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"read-and-publish agreements","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"These agreements tend to be made by the largest and wealthiest publishers, steering much of the new OA literature toward themselves (4.4).","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-02/c338","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/fb991db8a9cb429b","nativeRecordCid":"22d7c1ce-15fc-4364-a532-5de02fc341d0","documentId":"open-science-source-02","id":"c338","text":"Read-and-publish agreements aggravate the monopoly effect of the current publishing landscape.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"read-and-publish agreements","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"This aggravates the monopoly effect of the current publishing landscape and excludes diamond OA journals (the majority, remember), born-OA journals, full or non-hybrid OA journals, and those that may be smaller, nonprofit, less expensive to research institutions, or some combination of these.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-02/c339","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/1e440a302d92497c","nativeRecordCid":"294549f3-44a3-4cf9-b7e0-33eee10c6c38","documentId":"open-science-source-02","id":"c339","text":"Read-and-publish agreements exclude diamond OA journals, born-OA journals, full or non-hybrid OA journals, and journals that may be smaller, nonprofit, or less expensive to research institutions.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"read-and-publish agreements","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"This aggravates the monopoly effect of the current publishing landscape and excludes diamond OA journals (the majority, remember), born-OA journals, full or non-hybrid OA journals, and those that may be smaller, nonprofit, less expensive to research institutions, or some combination of these.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-02/c340","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/08be2db65fee4e73","nativeRecordCid":"9064e280-44b6-4629-985f-4897c6652538","documentId":"open-science-source-02","id":"c340","text":"Read-and-publish agreements entrench the current system of journal prestige and its current winners.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"read-and-publish agreements","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"In that sense, these agreements not only entrench the APC model, but also entrench the current system of journal prestige and the current winners under that system.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-02/c341","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/f4b5c8dd660c445c","nativeRecordCid":"aa63d291-ee1a-49a3-89bf-4db586431dcc","documentId":"open-science-source-02","id":"c341","text":"Read-and-publish agreements tend to be made by the largest and wealthiest universities.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"read-and-publish agreements","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Likewise, these agreements tend to be made by the largest and wealthiest universities, widening rather than narrowing the publishing-access gap between them and less wealthy institutions.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-02/c342","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/cec770391eb149c7","nativeRecordCid":"0cb07145-ff69-4f4b-9c1d-df135464d355","documentId":"open-science-source-02","id":"c342","text":"Read-and-publish agreements widen the publishing-access gap between the largest and wealthiest universities and less wealthy institutions.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"read-and-publish agreements","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Likewise, these agreements tend to be made by the largest and wealthiest universities, widening rather than narrowing the publishing-access gap between them and less wealthy institutions.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-02/c343","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/75fad64fecdf4a70","nativeRecordCid":"e2b84220-d6a5-4b67-9c42-9979667ed8e2","documentId":"open-science-source-02","id":"c343","text":"Diamond OA journals are not hybrid journals.","kind":"definitional","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"diamond OA journals","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"First, diamond OA journals are not hybrid journals.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-02/c344","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/42072602693542be","nativeRecordCid":"4b7372c2-ec6f-4c6a-8ac7-39956523e8f3","documentId":"open-science-source-02","id":"c344","text":"Diamond OA journals offer no-fee publishing to all authors, not just those affiliated with institutions taking part in a read-and-publish agreement.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"diamond OA journals","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Second, diamond OA journals offer no-fee publishing to all authors, not just those affiliated with institutions taking part in the agreement.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-02/c345","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/cb4fb960a34346ff","nativeRecordCid":"d177dbd8-2eae-4dcb-9595-296eb9dce3e8","documentId":"open-science-source-02","id":"c345","text":"Many institutions and publishers are developing new variations on read-and-publish agreements.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"read-and-publish agreements","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"In this sense, it’s encouraging that so many institutions and publishers are developing new variations on the theme.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-03/c1","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/d0ce78914a004a18","nativeRecordCid":"ed856b73-bca2-4773-a61a-f79e45bd6535","documentId":"open-science-source-03","id":"c1","text":"Addressing complex and interconnected environmental, social and economic challenges for the people and the planet is urgent.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"","subject":"global challenges","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"*Recognizing* the urgency of addressing complex and interconnected environmental, social and economic challenges for the people and the planet, including poverty, health issues, access to education, rising inequalities and disparities of opportunity, increasing science, technology and innovation gaps, natural resource depletion, loss of biodiversity, land degradation, climate change, natural and human-made disasters, spiralling conflicts and related humanitarian crises,","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-03/c2","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/788bd512e520465c","nativeRecordCid":"39588413-7cbc-4e05-852c-a2ec878bc599","documentId":"open-science-source-03","id":"c2","text":"Science, technology and innovation provide solutions that improve human well-being in responding to global challenges.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"science, technology and innovation","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"*Acknowledging* the vital importance of science, technology and innovation (STI) to respond to these challenges by providing solutions to improve human well-being, advance environmental sustainability and respect for the planet's biological and cultural diversity, foster sustainable social and economic development and promote democracy and peace,","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-03/c3","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/b41353a6213a4acf","nativeRecordCid":"908f8077-f3b9-4add-97b1-89693ee2ee6f","documentId":"open-science-source-03","id":"c3","text":"Science, technology and innovation provide solutions that advance environmental sustainability and respect for the planet's biological and cultural diversity.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"science, technology and innovation","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"*Acknowledging* the vital importance of science, technology and innovation (STI) to respond to these challenges by providing solutions to improve human well-being, advance environmental sustainability and respect for the planet's biological and cultural diversity, foster sustainable social and economic development and promote democracy and peace,","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-03/c4","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/c20f50ee12a24944","nativeRecordCid":"34840617-04ce-40b0-9bd5-871cc9d20591","documentId":"open-science-source-03","id":"c4","text":"Science, technology and innovation provide solutions that foster sustainable social and economic development.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"science, technology and innovation","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"*Acknowledging* the vital importance of science, technology and innovation (STI) to respond to these challenges by providing solutions to improve human well-being, advance environmental sustainability and respect for the planet's biological and cultural diversity, foster sustainable social and economic development and promote democracy and peace,","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-03/c5","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/024b6b9055364361","nativeRecordCid":"e1fa450d-53c1-4740-a0fc-c96b2549f1ad","documentId":"open-science-source-03","id":"c5","text":"Science, technology and innovation provide solutions that promote democracy and peace.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"science, technology and innovation","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"*Acknowledging* the vital importance of science, technology and innovation (STI) to respond to these challenges by providing solutions to improve human well-being, advance environmental sustainability and respect for the planet's biological and cultural diversity, foster sustainable social and economic development and promote democracy and peace,","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-03/c6","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/46cedb7c238c439c","nativeRecordCid":"84e4fe6d-04d5-4b99-b042-1c6bf1146488","documentId":"open-science-source-03","id":"c6","text":"The expansion of information and communication technologies and global interconnectedness provides opportunities and potential to accelerate human progress.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"expansion of ICT and global interconnectedness","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"*Also acknowledging* the opportunities and the potential provided by the expansion of information and communication technologies and global interconnectedness to accelerate human progress and foster knowledge societies and highlighting the importance of narrowing the STI and digital gaps existing between and within countries and regions,","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-03/c7","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/4ddfea0229854676","nativeRecordCid":"466f48fc-85ab-4eca-9558-e78888ea77d7","documentId":"open-science-source-03","id":"c7","text":"The expansion of information and communication technologies and global interconnectedness provides opportunities and potential to foster knowledge societies.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"expansion of ICT and global interconnectedness","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"*Also acknowledging* the opportunities and the potential provided by the expansion of information and communication technologies and global interconnectedness to accelerate human progress and foster knowledge societies and highlighting the importance of narrowing the STI and digital gaps existing between and within countries and regions,","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-03/c8","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/66e7e37d8e834e47","nativeRecordCid":"48b471b2-4ae6-4bc2-a5a7-5b9db2df153c","documentId":"open-science-source-03","id":"c8","text":"The science, technology and innovation and digital gaps existing between and within countries and regions should be narrowed.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"","subject":"STI and digital gaps","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"*Also acknowledging* the opportunities and the potential provided by the expansion of information and communication technologies and global interconnectedness to accelerate human progress and foster knowledge societies and highlighting the importance of narrowing the STI and digital gaps existing between and within countries and regions,","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-03/c9","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/69e5eae23f5e43e5","nativeRecordCid":"1f259b8a-0340-4c42-ab96-afc7255f3dcf","documentId":"open-science-source-03","id":"c9","text":"Open science has transformative potential for reducing existing inequalities in science, technology and innovation.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"open science","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"*Noting* the transformative potential of open science for reducing the existing inequalities in STI and accelerating progress towards the implementation of the 2030 Agenda and the achievement of the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) and beyond, particularly in Africa, least developed countries (LDCs), landlocked developing countries (LLDCs), and small island developing States (SIDS),","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-03/c10","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/1619eaa2c8e549b4","nativeRecordCid":"de38b03a-67b5-4e9b-bfe8-f67047b37485","documentId":"open-science-source-03","id":"c10","text":"Open science has transformative potential for accelerating progress towards the implementation of the 2030 Agenda and the achievement of the Sustainable Development Goals.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"open science","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"*Noting* the transformative potential of open science for reducing the existing inequalities in STI and accelerating progress towards the implementation of the 2030 Agenda and the achievement of the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) and beyond, particularly in Africa, least developed countries (LDCs), landlocked developing countries (LLDCs), and small island developing States (SIDS),","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-03/c11","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/517022ced9d440bd","nativeRecordCid":"da855f54-9528-41df-bcf8-85e802524630","documentId":"open-science-source-03","id":"c11","text":"Gender equality and Africa should be mainstreamed in open science policies and practices.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"","subject":"gender equality and Africa priorities","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"*Mindful* of UNESCO’s global priorities, namely gender equality and Africa, and the need to mainstream all these aspects in open science policies and practices with a view to addressing the root causes of inequalities and providing effective solutions to that end,","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-03/c12","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/09ea60c3979f4a2d","nativeRecordCid":"284cc339-cc6f-45b3-b3bf-03a1e02582f4","documentId":"open-science-source-03","id":"c12","text":"Open, transparent, collaborative and inclusive scientific practices, coupled with accessible and verifiable scientific knowledge subject to scrutiny and critique, constitute a more efficient scientific enterprise.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"open scientific practices","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"*Considering* that more open, transparent, collaborative and inclusive scientific practices, coupled with more accessible and verifiable scientific knowledge subject to scrutiny and critique, is a more efficient enterprise that improves the quality, reproducibility and impact of science, and thereby the reliability of the evidence needed for robust decision-making and policy and increased trust in science,","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-03/c13","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/b479e127d7534c28","nativeRecordCid":"16039574-60a5-4407-94ea-806d5168c95b","documentId":"open-science-source-03","id":"c13","text":"Open scientific practices improve the quality of science.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"open scientific practices","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"*Considering* that more open, transparent, collaborative and inclusive scientific practices, coupled with more accessible and verifiable scientific knowledge subject to scrutiny and critique, is a more efficient enterprise that improves the quality, reproducibility and impact of science, and thereby the reliability of the evidence needed for robust decision-making and policy and increased trust in science,","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-03/c14","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/1c60cd1106624664","nativeRecordCid":"9f01ca1b-4ee9-4753-bdfb-571e204da0f0","documentId":"open-science-source-03","id":"c14","text":"Open scientific practices improve the reproducibility of science.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"open scientific practices","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"*Considering* that more open, transparent, collaborative and inclusive scientific practices, coupled with more accessible and verifiable scientific knowledge subject to scrutiny and critique, is a more efficient enterprise that improves the quality, reproducibility and impact of science, and thereby the reliability of the evidence needed for robust decision-making and policy and increased trust in science,","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-03/c15","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/764e39d245014877","nativeRecordCid":"fd674e57-9e49-459e-975d-e28f75a6dfad","documentId":"open-science-source-03","id":"c15","text":"Open scientific practices improve the impact of science.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"open scientific practices","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"*Considering* that more open, transparent, collaborative and inclusive scientific practices, coupled with more accessible and verifiable scientific knowledge subject to scrutiny and critique, is a more efficient enterprise that improves the quality, reproducibility and impact of science, and thereby the reliability of the evidence needed for robust decision-making and policy and increased trust in science,","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-03/c16","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/6c0b6f8e112b44c6","nativeRecordCid":"d633d337-d249-4465-bb75-1439328ff730","documentId":"open-science-source-03","id":"c16","text":"Open scientific practices improve the reliability of the evidence needed for robust decision-making and policy.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"open scientific practices","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"*Considering* that more open, transparent, collaborative and inclusive scientific practices, coupled with more accessible and verifiable scientific knowledge subject to scrutiny and critique, is a more efficient enterprise that improves the quality, reproducibility and impact of science, and thereby the reliability of the evidence needed for robust decision-making and policy and increased trust in science,","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-03/c17","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/34a448a1f1464b18","nativeRecordCid":"2e42be4d-1953-48f2-ae65-9f4cf1672e50","documentId":"open-science-source-03","id":"c17","text":"Open scientific practices increase trust in science.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"open scientific practices","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"*Considering* that more open, transparent, collaborative and inclusive scientific practices, coupled with more accessible and verifiable scientific knowledge subject to scrutiny and critique, is a more efficient enterprise that improves the quality, reproducibility and impact of science, and thereby the reliability of the evidence needed for robust decision-making and policy and increased trust in science,","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-03/c18","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/9e1a0abdf4bc4b67","nativeRecordCid":"ab5c0af3-6e61-452a-89a6-777c7b81c541","documentId":"open-science-source-03","id":"c18","text":"Equitable access to scientific information must be fostered to respond to global emergencies and increase the resilience of societies.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"","subject":"access to scientific information","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"*Also noting* that the global COVID-19 health crisis has proven worldwide the urgency of and need for fostering equitable access to scientific information, facilitating the sharing of scientific knowledge, data and information, enhancing scientific collaboration and science- and knowledge-based decision making to respond to global emergencies and increase the resilience of societies,","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-03/c19","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/ccd5343c03b5469e","nativeRecordCid":"c23b7127-7ce5-40da-8ca2-789f2c5be9a0","documentId":"open-science-source-03","id":"c19","text":"The sharing of scientific knowledge, data and information must be facilitated to respond to global emergencies and increase the resilience of societies.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"","subject":"sharing of scientific knowledge, data and information","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"*Also noting* that the global COVID-19 health crisis has proven worldwide the urgency of and need for fostering equitable access to scientific information, facilitating the sharing of scientific knowledge, data and information, enhancing scientific collaboration and science- and knowledge-based decision making to respond to global emergencies and increase the resilience of societies,","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-03/c20","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/4f87dd29308f482b","nativeRecordCid":"32bf9af7-05aa-429e-aaff-15a653b3ddbc","documentId":"open-science-source-03","id":"c20","text":"Scientific collaboration must be enhanced to respond to global emergencies and increase the resilience of societies.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"","subject":"scientific collaboration","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"*Also noting* that the global COVID-19 health crisis has proven worldwide the urgency of and need for fostering equitable access to scientific information, facilitating the sharing of scientific knowledge, data and information, enhancing scientific collaboration and science- and knowledge-based decision making to respond to global emergencies and increase the resilience of societies,","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-03/c21","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/4a3d8a19637243b3","nativeRecordCid":"736ba2ca-41b5-480a-af5d-caacb4827d6d","documentId":"open-science-source-03","id":"c21","text":"Science- and knowledge-based decision making must be enhanced to respond to global emergencies and increase the resilience of societies.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"","subject":"science- and knowledge-based decision making","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"*Also noting* that the global COVID-19 health crisis has proven worldwide the urgency of and need for fostering equitable access to scientific information, facilitating the sharing of scientific knowledge, data and information, enhancing scientific collaboration and science- and knowledge-based decision making to respond to global emergencies and increase the resilience of societies,","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-03/c22","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/15fb3c8bc3e54fd2","nativeRecordCid":"723cc005-f25d-4247-bf7d-6d56d43cd6ef","documentId":"open-science-source-03","id":"c22","text":"Existing international legal frameworks on intellectual property rights, including the rights of scientists to their scientific productions, are important.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"international legal frameworks on IP rights","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"*Also recognizing* the importance of the existing international legal frameworks, in particular on intellectual property rights including the rights of scientists to their scientific productions,","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-03/c23","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/f9c19e096da04259","nativeRecordCid":"d413043a-8597-4c02-b7c0-2f99a46257ed","documentId":"open-science-source-03","id":"c23","text":"The practice of open science is anchored in the values of collaboration and sharing.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"open science practice","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"*Further acknowledging* that the practice of open science, anchored in the values of collaboration and sharing, builds upon existing intellectual property systems and fosters an open approach that encourages the use of open licensing, adds materials to the public domain and makes use, as appropriate, of flexibilities that exist in the intellectual property systems to amplify access to knowledge by everyone for the benefits of science and society and to promote opportunities for innovation and participation in the co-creation of knowledge,","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-03/c24","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/65dd18a2359440a0","nativeRecordCid":"0f8cb636-4951-4ac9-b110-721f6095f013","documentId":"open-science-source-03","id":"c24","text":"Open science builds upon existing intellectual property systems.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"open science","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"*Further acknowledging* that the practice of open science, anchored in the values of collaboration and sharing, builds upon existing intellectual property systems and fosters an open approach that encourages the use of open licensing, adds materials to the public domain and makes use, as appropriate, of flexibilities that exist in the intellectual property systems to amplify access to knowledge by everyone for the benefits of science and society and to promote opportunities for innovation and participation in the co-creation of knowledge,","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-03/c25","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/bfa9721abf984c0b","nativeRecordCid":"98fb4eea-ae50-4eb4-adea-e8dced823c28","documentId":"open-science-source-03","id":"c25","text":"Open science fosters an open approach that encourages the use of open licensing.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"open science","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"*Further acknowledging* that the practice of open science, anchored in the values of collaboration and sharing, builds upon existing intellectual property systems and fosters an open approach that encourages the use of open licensing, adds materials to the public domain and makes use, as appropriate, of flexibilities that exist in the intellectual property systems to amplify access to knowledge by everyone for the benefits of science and society and to promote opportunities for innovation and participation in the co-creation of knowledge,","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-03/c26","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/7f07563bae69417e","nativeRecordCid":"16494688-0d9d-40ff-ba25-cb0df1f69be1","documentId":"open-science-source-03","id":"c26","text":"Open science fosters an open approach that adds materials to the public domain.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"open science","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"*Further acknowledging* that the practice of open science, anchored in the values of collaboration and sharing, builds upon existing intellectual property systems and fosters an open approach that encourages the use of open licensing, adds materials to the public domain and makes use, as appropriate, of flexibilities that exist in the intellectual property systems to amplify access to knowledge by everyone for the benefits of science and society and to promote opportunities for innovation and participation in the co-creation of knowledge,","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-03/c27","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/ff5b5be0b78d4bc9","nativeRecordCid":"237d6fb2-a41d-4772-aa6a-4c9bb0648301","documentId":"open-science-source-03","id":"c27","text":"Open science fosters an open approach that makes use, as appropriate, of flexibilities that exist in intellectual property systems, to amplify access to knowledge by everyone for the benefit of science and society and to promote opportunities for innovation and participation in the co-creation of knowledge.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"open science","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"*Further acknowledging* that the practice of open science, anchored in the values of collaboration and sharing, builds upon existing intellectual property systems and fosters an open approach that encourages the use of open licensing, adds materials to the public domain and makes use, as appropriate, of flexibilities that exist in the intellectual property systems to amplify access to knowledge by everyone for the benefits of science and society and to promote opportunities for innovation and participation in the co-creation of knowledge,","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-03/c28","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/2a1cee1627ed4269","nativeRecordCid":"8cdd627f-773d-4cc0-b3a5-0589fb6e2668","documentId":"open-science-source-03","id":"c28","text":"Open science practices fostering openness, transparency and inclusiveness already exist worldwide.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"open science practices","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"*Further noting* that open science practices fostering openness, transparency and inclusiveness already exist worldwide and that a growing number of scientific outputs is already in the public domain or licensed under open license schemes that allow free access, re-use and distribution of work under specific conditions, provided that the creator is appropriately credited,","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-03/c29","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/4ccd3fb9f648443d","nativeRecordCid":"84d8f2bc-bd58-4aa9-994d-1699e5d3c757","documentId":"open-science-source-03","id":"c29","text":"A growing number of scientific outputs is already in the public domain or licensed under open license schemes that allow free access, re-use and distribution of work under specific conditions, provided that the creator is appropriately credited.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"scientific outputs","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"*Further noting* that open science practices fostering openness, transparency and inclusiveness already exist worldwide and that a growing number of scientific outputs is already in the public domain or licensed under open license schemes that allow free access, re-use and distribution of work under specific conditions, provided that the creator is appropriately credited,","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-03/c30","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/001e2ff86a814cdc","nativeRecordCid":"6ce6c01e-e2d2-4485-a9db-ebb72913e309","documentId":"open-science-source-03","id":"c30","text":"Open science originated several decades ago as a movement to transform scientific practice to adapt to the changes, challenges, opportunities and risks of the digital era and to increase the societal impact of science.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"open science","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"*Further recalling* that open science originated several decades ago as a movement to transform scientific practice to adapt to the changes, challenges, opportunities and risks of the digital era and to increase the societal impact of science, and noting, in this regard, the 1999 UNESCO/ICSU Declaration on Science and the Use of Scientific Knowledge and the Science Agenda – Framework for Action, the 2002 Budapest Open Access Initiative, the 2003 Bethesda Statement on Open Access Publishing and the 2003 Berlin Declaration on Open Access to Knowledge in the Sciences and Humanities,","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-03/c31","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/0d96a8dd7f884ff3","nativeRecordCid":"5eeb3f5b-8f49-4bcb-aefc-c908579e0447","documentId":"open-science-source-03","id":"c31","text":"Open science practices and infrastructures produce a substantial economic return on investment.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"open science practices and infrastructures","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"*Further recognizing* the significant available evidence for the economic benefits and substantial return on investment associated with open science practices and infrastructures, which enable innovation, dynamic research and economic partnerships,","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-03/c32","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/0c56b320995241d6","nativeRecordCid":"5738dc51-390e-46c6-b254-f4d5bf73403a","documentId":"open-science-source-03","id":"c32","text":"Open science practices and infrastructures enable innovation.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"open science practices and infrastructures","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"*Further recognizing* the significant available evidence for the economic benefits and substantial return on investment associated with open science practices and infrastructures, which enable innovation, dynamic research and economic partnerships,","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-03/c33","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/c3d7949e9518450f","nativeRecordCid":"b30717e8-67b3-4dcf-a1bc-2b397908496b","documentId":"open-science-source-03","id":"c33","text":"Open science practices and infrastructures enable dynamic research.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"open science practices and infrastructures","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"*Further recognizing* the significant available evidence for the economic benefits and substantial return on investment associated with open science practices and infrastructures, which enable innovation, dynamic research and economic partnerships,","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-03/c34","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/9728729211d24114","nativeRecordCid":"b05b2437-d85d-4377-96cc-62636ddaa794","documentId":"open-science-source-03","id":"c34","text":"Open science practices and infrastructures enable economic partnerships.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"open science practices and infrastructures","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"*Further recognizing* the significant available evidence for the economic benefits and substantial return on investment associated with open science practices and infrastructures, which enable innovation, dynamic research and economic partnerships,","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-03/c35","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/4770701fab44425d","nativeRecordCid":"b2c72fdd-b6fa-4a63-8058-a3d984a196b9","documentId":"open-science-source-03","id":"c35","text":"Greater access to scientific process and outputs can improve the effectiveness and productivity of scientific systems by reducing duplication costs in collecting, creating, transferring and reusing data and scientific material and by allowing more research from the same data.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"access to scientific process and outputs","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"*Agreeing* that greater access to scientific process and outputs can improve the effectiveness and productivity of scientific systems by reducing duplication costs in collecting, creating, transferring and reusing data and scientific material, allowing more research from the same data, and increasing the social impact of science by multiplying opportunities for local, national, regional and global participation in the research process, and opportunities for wider circulation of scientific findings,","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-03/c36","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/535d498067b74b06","nativeRecordCid":"bbda8c0b-5aae-4f66-a306-fa4983c9aa9c","documentId":"open-science-source-03","id":"c36","text":"Greater access to scientific process and outputs can increase the social impact of science by multiplying opportunities for local, national, regional and global participation in the research process and opportunities for wider circulation of scientific findings.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"access to scientific process and outputs","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"*Agreeing* that greater access to scientific process and outputs can improve the effectiveness and productivity of scientific systems by reducing duplication costs in collecting, creating, transferring and reusing data and scientific material, allowing more research from the same data, and increasing the social impact of science by multiplying opportunities for local, national, regional and global participation in the research process, and opportunities for wider circulation of scientific findings,","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-03/c37","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/47cc8eae347b427a","nativeRecordCid":"6d373189-578b-4294-bc4a-309fe7f8bd90","documentId":"open-science-source-03","id":"c37","text":"Collective science processes carried out by research communities using shared knowledge infrastructure to advance shared research agendas dealing with complex problems are of growing importance.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"collective science processes","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"*Recognizing* the growing importance of collective science processes carried out by research communities using shared knowledge infrastructure to advance shared research agendas dealing with complex problems,","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-03/c38","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/471822000b8e4324","nativeRecordCid":"339d9159-ce9d-4fdd-9096-f22431dfe6f7","documentId":"open-science-source-03","id":"c38","text":"The collaborative and inclusive characteristics of open science allow new social actors to engage in scientific processes, including through citizen and participatory science.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"open science's collaborative and inclusive characteristics","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"*Considering* that the collaborative and inclusive characteristics of open science allow new social actors to engage in scientific processes, including through citizen and participatory science, thus contributing to democratization of knowledge, fighting misinformation and disinformation, addressing existing systemic inequalities and enclosures of wealth, knowledge and power and guiding scientific work towards solving problems of social importance,","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-03/c39","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/9ef54565f03f45f6","nativeRecordCid":"4802aa58-da16-43dc-953a-74d78a6a774c","documentId":"open-science-source-03","id":"c39","text":"Open science's collaborative and inclusive characteristics contribute to the democratization of knowledge.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"open science's collaborative and inclusive characteristics","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"*Considering* that the collaborative and inclusive characteristics of open science allow new social actors to engage in scientific processes, including through citizen and participatory science, thus contributing to democratization of knowledge, fighting misinformation and disinformation, addressing existing systemic inequalities and enclosures of wealth, knowledge and power and guiding scientific work towards solving problems of social importance,","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-03/c40","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/a5ffcf4750574f1c","nativeRecordCid":"d691d83b-2e57-4553-b675-35aec1c607e2","documentId":"open-science-source-03","id":"c40","text":"Open science's collaborative and inclusive characteristics contribute to fighting misinformation and disinformation.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"open science's collaborative and inclusive characteristics","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"*Considering* that the collaborative and inclusive characteristics of open science allow new social actors to engage in scientific processes, including through citizen and participatory science, thus contributing to democratization of knowledge, fighting misinformation and disinformation, addressing existing systemic inequalities and enclosures of wealth, knowledge and power and guiding scientific work towards solving problems of social importance,","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-03/c41","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/745ec0ddf26c4e1f","nativeRecordCid":"5b8e3587-c1a3-47f8-b10c-d4d366f445a2","documentId":"open-science-source-03","id":"c41","text":"Open science's collaborative and inclusive characteristics contribute to addressing existing systemic inequalities and enclosures of wealth, knowledge and power.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"open science's collaborative and inclusive characteristics","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"*Considering* that the collaborative and inclusive characteristics of open science allow new social actors to engage in scientific processes, including through citizen and participatory science, thus contributing to democratization of knowledge, fighting misinformation and disinformation, addressing existing systemic inequalities and enclosures of wealth, knowledge and power and guiding scientific work towards solving problems of social importance,","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-03/c42","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/ebfa901bf4be439e","nativeRecordCid":"64a8641c-4d9b-4916-833d-760d5c195d60","documentId":"open-science-source-03","id":"c42","text":"Open science's collaborative and inclusive characteristics guide scientific work towards solving problems of social importance.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"open science's collaborative and inclusive characteristics","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"*Considering* that the collaborative and inclusive characteristics of open science allow new social actors to engage in scientific processes, including through citizen and participatory science, thus contributing to democratization of knowledge, fighting misinformation and disinformation, addressing existing systemic inequalities and enclosures of wealth, knowledge and power and guiding scientific work towards solving problems of social importance,","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-03/c43","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/f89733d39091414e","nativeRecordCid":"8aada95d-1407-414c-84f7-80054fcc6524","documentId":"open-science-source-03","id":"c43","text":"Open science should promote inclusion and exchange of scholarly knowledge from traditionally underrepresented or excluded groups, such as women, minorities, indigenous scholars, scholars from less-advantaged countries and low-resource languages.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"","subject":"open science","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"*Acknowledging t*hat open science should not only foster enhanced sharing of scientific knowledge solely among scientific communities but also promote inclusion and exchange of scholarly knowledge from traditionally underrepresented or excluded groups (such as women, minorities, indigenous scholars, scholars from less-advantaged countries and low-resource languages) and contribute to reducing inequalities in access to scientific development, infrastructures and capabilities among different countries and regions,","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-03/c44","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/25c5e96c06d445e6","nativeRecordCid":"3d851e8f-e395-40b0-a843-79b8b23f3987","documentId":"open-science-source-03","id":"c44","text":"Open science should contribute to reducing inequalities in access to scientific development, infrastructures and capabilities among different countries and regions.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"","subject":"open science","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"*Acknowledging t*hat open science should not only foster enhanced sharing of scientific knowledge solely among scientific communities but also promote inclusion and exchange of scholarly knowledge from traditionally underrepresented or excluded groups (such as women, minorities, indigenous scholars, scholars from less-advantaged countries and low-resource languages) and contribute to reducing inequalities in access to scientific development, infrastructures and capabilities among different countries and regions,","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-03/c45","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/70523ce92e0a4249","nativeRecordCid":"da4b7f0f-5ada-4bc8-ace8-d614d7c4f231","documentId":"open-science-source-03","id":"c45","text":"Open science respects the diversity of cultures and knowledge systems around the world as foundations for sustainable development.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"open science","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"*Also recognizing* that open science respects the diversity of cultures and knowledge systems around the world as foundations for sustainable development, fostering open dialogue with indigenous peoples and local communities and respect for diverse knowledge holders for contemporary problem solving and emergent strategies towards transformative change,","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-03/c46","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/6ccb573e6e97426f","nativeRecordCid":"08e46ed0-016f-4b73-9280-1df50f66beb7","documentId":"open-science-source-03","id":"c46","text":"Open science fosters open dialogue with indigenous peoples and local communities.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"open science","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"*Also recognizing* that open science respects the diversity of cultures and knowledge systems around the world as foundations for sustainable development, fostering open dialogue with indigenous peoples and local communities and respect for diverse knowledge holders for contemporary problem solving and emergent strategies towards transformative change,","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-03/c47","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/e2c64e27c49d40f0","nativeRecordCid":"c267590c-45b4-42ed-9119-216a79c2a0e0","documentId":"open-science-source-03","id":"c47","text":"Open science fosters respect for diverse knowledge holders for contemporary problem solving and emergent strategies towards transformative change.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"open science","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"*Also recognizing* that open science respects the diversity of cultures and knowledge systems around the world as foundations for sustainable development, fostering open dialogue with indigenous peoples and local communities and respect for diverse knowledge holders for contemporary problem solving and emergent strategies towards transformative change,","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-03/c48","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/25facbe2b6914626","nativeRecordCid":"c7aa8f29-0989-446b-89a3-db15b71eabe1","documentId":"open-science-source-03","id":"c48","text":"Member States should collaborate in bilateral, regional, multilateral and global initiatives for the advancement of open science.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"Member States","subject":"international cooperation on open science","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"4. Further recommends that Member States collaborate in bilateral, regional, multilateral and global initiatives for the advancement of open science;","representedInStars":true}
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{"key":"open-science-source-03/c50","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/82956ee2bde341ce","nativeRecordCid":"a6dab090-efb3-4b55-b5e9-2385d16784fe","documentId":"open-science-source-03","id":"c50","text":"Science is defined as bringing together in a coordinated form subsystems of knowledge by means of systematic reflection and conceptualization.","kind":"definitional","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"science","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"As per the 2017 UNESCO Recommendation on Science and Scientific Researchers, the term ‘science’ signifies the enterprise whereby humankind, acting individually or in small or large groups, makes an organized attempt, in cooperation and in competition, by means of the objective study of observed phenomena and its validation through sharing of findings and data and through peer review, to discover and master the chain of causalities, relations or interactions; brings together in a coordinated form subsystems of knowledge by means of systematic reflection and conceptualization; and thereby furnishes itself with the opportunity of using, to its own advantage, understanding of the processes and phenomena occurring in nature and society.","representedInStars":false}
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{"key":"open-science-source-03/c52","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/ec2a5f54dcc64064","nativeRecordCid":"18203e12-9ceb-4bbb-9248-21d57aae0997","documentId":"open-science-source-03","id":"c52","text":"Open science sets a new paradigm that integrates into the scientific enterprise practices for reproducibility, transparency, sharing and collaboration, building on the essential principles of academic freedom, research integrity and scientific excellence, resulting from the increased opening of scientific contents, tools and processes.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"open science","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Building on the essential principles of academic freedom, research integrity and scientific excellence, open science sets a new paradigm that integrates into the scientific enterprise practices for reproducibility, transparency, sharing and collaboration resulting from the increased opening of scientific contents, tools and processes.","representedInStars":false}
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{"key":"open-science-source-03/c54","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/f3a2190f67b041c2","nativeRecordCid":"76eb2319-60fa-4a28-852d-89b499921be7","documentId":"open-science-source-03","id":"c54","text":"Open science is defined as an inclusive construct that combines various movements and practices aiming to increase scientific collaborations and sharing of information for the benefit of science and society.","kind":"definitional","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"open science","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"For the purpose of this Recommendation, **open science** is defined as an inclusive construct that combines various movements and practices aiming to make multilingual scientific knowledge openly available, accessible and reusable for everyone, to increase scientific collaborations and sharing of information for the benefits of science and society, and to open the processes of scientific knowledge creation, evaluation and communication to societal actors beyond the traditional scientific community.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-03/c55","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/4bfdf041b9404774","nativeRecordCid":"7309ef98-31ab-4a58-8c54-a52dcc308a1b","documentId":"open-science-source-03","id":"c55","text":"Open science is defined as an inclusive construct that combines various movements and practices aiming to open the processes of scientific knowledge creation, evaluation and communication to societal actors beyond the traditional scientific community.","kind":"definitional","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"open science","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"For the purpose of this Recommendation, **open science** is defined as an inclusive construct that combines various movements and practices aiming to make multilingual scientific knowledge openly available, accessible and reusable for everyone, to increase scientific collaborations and sharing of information for the benefits of science and society, and to open the processes of scientific knowledge creation, evaluation and communication to societal actors beyond the traditional scientific community.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-03/c56","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/786b0620089c48c5","nativeRecordCid":"0f7d2eeb-8c79-478a-8068-bdb731948ad6","documentId":"open-science-source-03","id":"c56","text":"Open science comprises all scientific disciplines and aspects of scholarly practices, including basic and applied sciences, natural and social sciences and the humanities.","kind":"definitional","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"open science","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"It comprises all scientific disciplines and aspects of scholarly practices, including basic and applied sciences, natural and social sciences and the humanities, and it builds on the following key pillars: open scientific knowledge, open science infrastructures, science communication, open engagement of societal actors and open dialogue with other knowledge systems.","representedInStars":true}
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{"key":"open-science-source-03/c67","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/dbd4f1f3af8f4597","nativeRecordCid":"cd0f9a0e-d524-4d1d-8657-5378862d33e7","documentId":"open-science-source-03","id":"c67","text":"Open scientific knowledge refers to open access to source code, provided to all actors immediately or as quickly as possible and free of charge.","kind":"definitional","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"open scientific knowledge","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"**Open scientific knowledge** refers to open access to scientific publications, research data, metadata, open educational resources, software, and source code and hardware that are available in the public domain or under copyright and licensed under an open licence that allows access, re-use, repurpose, adaptation and distribution under specific conditions, provided to all actors immediately or as quickly as possible regardless of location, nationality, race, age, gender, income, socio-economic circumstances, career stage, discipline, language, religion, disability, ethnicity or migratory status or any other grounds, and free of charge.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-03/c68","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/82eac25136354995","nativeRecordCid":"4776f7c4-2de5-4e2b-a31f-7d2be1ed2ffe","documentId":"open-science-source-03","id":"c68","text":"Open scientific knowledge refers to open access to hardware, provided to all actors immediately or as quickly as possible and free of charge.","kind":"definitional","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"open scientific knowledge","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"**Open scientific knowledge** refers to open access to scientific publications, research data, metadata, open educational resources, software, and source code and hardware that are available in the public domain or under copyright and licensed under an open licence that allows access, re-use, repurpose, adaptation and distribution under specific conditions, provided to all actors immediately or as quickly as possible regardless of location, nationality, race, age, gender, income, socio-economic circumstances, career stage, discipline, language, religion, disability, ethnicity or migratory status or any other grounds, and free of charge.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-03/c69","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/d1720d2114cf4a6b","nativeRecordCid":"119d68b7-2a36-4a4c-b4e3-3c6d4100254a","documentId":"open-science-source-03","id":"c69","text":"Open scientific knowledge also refers to the possibility of opening research methodologies and evaluation processes.","kind":"definitional","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"open scientific knowledge","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"It also refers to the possibility of opening research methodologies and evaluation processes.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-03/c70","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/51577ef7ee1440dc","nativeRecordCid":"a6e39307-16c0-4999-9a97-831a409b1a34","documentId":"open-science-source-03","id":"c70","text":"Scientific publications may be disseminated by publishers on open access online publishing platforms.","kind":"normative","modality":"may","actor":"publishers","subject":"scientific publications dissemination","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Scientific publications may be disseminated by publishers on open access online publishing platforms and/or deposited and made immediately accessible in open online repositories upon publication, that are supported and maintained by an academic institution, scholarly society, government agency or other well-established not-for-profit organization devoted to common good that enables open access, unrestricted distribution, interoperability and long-term digital preservation and archiving.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-03/c71","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/e56bfbb96be341ee","nativeRecordCid":"92c096a7-21c1-4fc4-8229-7ad8f4d31107","documentId":"open-science-source-03","id":"c71","text":"Scientific publications may instead be deposited and made immediately accessible in open online repositories upon publication, supported by an academic institution, scholarly society, government agency or other not-for-profit organization enabling open access, unrestricted distribution, interoperability and long-term preservation.","kind":"normative","modality":"may","actor":"publishers","subject":"scientific publications deposit","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Scientific publications may be disseminated by publishers on open access online publishing platforms and/or deposited and made immediately accessible in open online repositories upon publication, that are supported and maintained by an academic institution, scholarly society, government agency or other well-established not-for-profit organization devoted to common good that enables open access, unrestricted distribution, interoperability and long-term digital preservation and archiving.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-03/c72","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/13892826b8964cb5","nativeRecordCid":"c6ff2529-cf57-4400-81ad-17f7e5d0da00","documentId":"open-science-source-03","id":"c72","text":"Scientific outputs related to publications that are openly licensed or dedicated to the public domain should be deposited in a suitable open repository, following appropriate technical standards that allow them to be properly linked to publications.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"","subject":"scientific outputs related to publications","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Scientific outputs related to publications (e.g. original scientific research results, research data, software, source code, source materials, workflows and protocols, digital representations of pictorial and graphical materials and scholarly multimedia material) that are openly licensed or dedicated to the public domain should be deposited in a suitable open repository, following appropriate technical standards that allow them to be properly linked to publications.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-03/c73","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/2f9c38c4952244ba","nativeRecordCid":"20c17286-df2f-4264-ac2e-86c80504b1d3","documentId":"open-science-source-03","id":"c73","text":"Scientific publications should not be paywalled such that immediate access is only granted in exchange for payment.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"","subject":"paywalled publication","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"A paywalled method of publication, where immediate access to scientific publications is only granted in exchange for payment, is not aligned with the present Recommendation.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-03/c74","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/368c3c127cc943a6","nativeRecordCid":"21a1e5ce-3a5f-4049-8272-58c19c5f6b3b","documentId":"open-science-source-03","id":"c74","text":"Any transfer or licensing of copyrights to third parties should not restrict the public's right to immediate open access to a scientific publication.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"those transferring or licensing copyrights","subject":"transfer or licensing of copyrights","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Any transfer or licensing of copyrights to third parties should not restrict the public's right to immediate open access to a scientific publication.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-03/c75","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/573d88c3e6aa4446","nativeRecordCid":"877a5216-519d-4fea-8b1a-77842e977083","documentId":"open-science-source-03","id":"c75","text":"Open research data can be openly used, reused, retained and redistributed by anyone, subject to acknowledgement.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"open research data","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"**Open research data** that include, among others, digital and analogue data, both raw and processed, and the accompanying metadata, as well as numerical scores, textual records, images and sounds, protocols, analysis code and workflows that can be openly used, reused, retained and redistributed by anyone, subject to acknowledgement.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-03/c76","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/d860c170326c4eb4","nativeRecordCid":"185bc688-e2b8-414e-afb7-7a12fc80946a","documentId":"open-science-source-03","id":"c76","text":"Open research data should be available in a timely and user-friendly, human- and machine-readable and actionable format, in accordance with principles of good data governance and stewardship, notably the FAIR principles, and supported by regular curation and maintenance.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"","subject":"open research data","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Open research data are available in a timely and user-friendly, human- and machine-readable and actionable format, in accordance with principles of good data governance and stewardship, notably the FAIR (Findable, Accessible, Interoperable, and Reusable) principles, supported by regular curation and maintenance.","representedInStars":true}
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{"key":"open-science-source-03/c83","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/4c0cd71ea27e4929","nativeRecordCid":"c40e6a31-4d04-4586-a20f-3b5944f2618b","documentId":"open-science-source-03","id":"c83","text":"Open hardware generally includes the design specifications of a physical object licensed such that the object can be studied, modified, created and distributed by anyone, providing as many people as possible with the ability to construct, remix and share their knowledge of hardware design and function.","kind":"definitional","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"open hardware","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"**Open hardware** that generally includes the design specifications of a physical object which are licensed in such a way that said object can be studied, modified, created and distributed by anyone, providing as many people as possible with the ability to construct, remix and share their knowledge of hardware design and function.","representedInStars":true}
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{"key":"open-science-source-03/c87","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/32ade870d8d34f87","nativeRecordCid":"e613dc30-63c0-4a71-aa89-86e9e3bbc010","documentId":"open-science-source-03","id":"c87","text":"Access restrictions need to be proportionate and justified.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"","subject":"access restrictions","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Access restrictions need to be proportionate and justified.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-03/c88","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/f2d22335b671494b","nativeRecordCid":"1475d75d-feb6-4587-8323-a80b1ba5b73b","documentId":"open-science-source-03","id":"c88","text":"Access restrictions are only justifiable on the basis of the protection of human rights, national security, confidentiality, the right to privacy and respect for human subjects of study, legal process and public order, the protection of intellectual property rights, personal information, sacred and secret indigenous knowledge, and rare, threatened or endangered species.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"","subject":"access restrictions","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"They are only justifiable on the basis of the protection of human rights, national security, confidentiality, the right to privacy and respect for human subjects of study, legal process and public order, the protection of intellectual property rights, personal information, sacred and secret indigenous knowledge, and rare, threatened or endangered species.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-03/c89","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/c8dc06fa6c5243b1","nativeRecordCid":"1ae6613d-691f-4639-ab8b-0ba2021ab1e3","documentId":"open-science-source-03","id":"c89","text":"Data or code that is not openly available, accessible and reusable may be shared among specific users according to defined access criteria made by local, national or regional pertinent governing instances.","kind":"normative","modality":"may","actor":"","subject":"data or code not openly available","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Some data or code that is not openly available, accessible and reusable may nonetheless be shared among specific users according to defined access criteria made by local, national or regional pertinent governing instances.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-03/c90","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/6bb8469173594f70","nativeRecordCid":"db4a8b54-e8e7-4457-825d-fb39a38ff31d","documentId":"open-science-source-03","id":"c90","text":"Where data cannot be openly accessible, tools and protocols for pseudonymizing and anonymizing data should be developed so that as much data as possible can be shared as appropriate.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"","subject":"pseudonymizing and anonymizing tools","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"In cases where data cannot be openly accessible, it is important to develop tools and protocols for pseudonymizing and anonymizing data, as well as systems for mediated access, so that as much data as possible can be shared as appropriate.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-03/c91","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/8738c543345c4547","nativeRecordCid":"f9cb1921-1e9f-4b03-a6f3-e547acdb1ccc","documentId":"open-science-source-03","id":"c91","text":"Where data cannot be openly accessible, systems for mediated access should be developed so that as much data as possible can be shared as appropriate.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"","subject":"systems for mediated access","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"In cases where data cannot be openly accessible, it is important to develop tools and protocols for pseudonymizing and anonymizing data, as well as systems for mediated access, so that as much data as possible can be shared as appropriate.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-03/c92","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/b18747d6d2984327","nativeRecordCid":"20a2e4f0-7c9d-483e-9e66-a046e12d2aa6","documentId":"open-science-source-03","id":"c92","text":"The need for justified restrictions on access to data may change over time, allowing data to be made accessible or access to data to be restricted at a later point.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"justified access restrictions","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The need for justified restrictions may also change over time, allowing the data to be made accessible or restricting access to data at a later point.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-03/c93","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/4dbfec1dd4dc4f4e","nativeRecordCid":"877b812d-e959-4108-a258-44dc594dac21","documentId":"open-science-source-03","id":"c93","text":"Open science infrastructures refer to shared research infrastructures, virtual or physical, that are needed to support open science and serve the needs of different communities.","kind":"definitional","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"open science infrastructures","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"**Open science infrastructures** refer to shared research infrastructures (virtual or physical, including major scientific equipment or sets of instruments, knowledge-based resources such as collections, journals and open access publication platforms, repositories, archives and scientific data, current research information systems, open bibliometrics and scientometrics systems for assessing and analysing scientific domains, open computational and data manipulation service infrastructures that enable collaborative and multidisciplinary data analysis and digital infrastructures) that are needed to support open science and serve the needs of different communities.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-03/c94","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/be47f40937a34ece","nativeRecordCid":"da2a57db-08bb-4f8c-97e9-315062c90ecd","documentId":"open-science-source-03","id":"c94","text":"Open labs, open science platforms and repositories, software forges and virtual research environments, and digital research services are among the critical components of open science infrastructures.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"open science infrastructures","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Open labs, open science platforms and repositories for publications, research data and source codes, software forges and virtual research environments, and digital research services, in particular those that allow to identify unambiguously scientific objects by persistent unique identifiers, are among the critical components of open science infrastructures, which provide essential open and standardized services to manage and provide access, portability, analysis and federation of data, scientific literature, thematic science priorities or community engagement.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-03/c95","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/c608b37eb1dc4c72","nativeRecordCid":"895015e2-9e2f-409e-b2f7-8d0f661a394e","documentId":"open-science-source-03","id":"c95","text":"Open science infrastructures provide essential open and standardized services to manage and provide access, portability, analysis and federation of data, scientific literature, thematic science priorities and community engagement.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"open science infrastructures","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Open labs, open science platforms and repositories for publications, research data and source codes, software forges and virtual research environments, and digital research services, in particular those that allow to identify unambiguously scientific objects by persistent unique identifiers, are among the critical components of open science infrastructures, which provide essential open and standardized services to manage and provide access, portability, analysis and federation of data, scientific literature, thematic science priorities or community engagement.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-03/c96","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/6fa5bd400632445c","nativeRecordCid":"544e7cf1-c0ae-445b-b1f0-49a779140a82","documentId":"open-science-source-03","id":"c96","text":"Different repositories are adapted to the specificity of the objects they contain, to local circumstances, user needs and the requirements of research communities.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"repositories","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Different repositories are adapted to the specificity of the objects they contain (publications, data or code), to local circumstances, user needs and the requirements of research communities, yet should adopt interoperable standards and best practices to ensure the content in repositories is appropriately vetted, discoverable and reusable by humans and machines.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-03/c97","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/d6e9cc3fcb9541b0","nativeRecordCid":"6a795b07-cee9-4255-a6cf-395ad1e3720e","documentId":"open-science-source-03","id":"c97","text":"Repositories should adopt interoperable standards and best practices to ensure the content in repositories is appropriately vetted, discoverable and reusable by humans and machines.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"repositories","subject":"repositories","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Different repositories are adapted to the specificity of the objects they contain (publications, data or code), to local circumstances, user needs and the requirements of research communities, yet should adopt interoperable standards and best practices to ensure the content in repositories is appropriately vetted, discoverable and reusable by humans and machines.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-03/c98","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/4d420b91a43a41db","nativeRecordCid":"b2042fb1-f372-49f5-a079-a927edb93b22","documentId":"open-science-source-03","id":"c98","text":"Open innovation testbeds, science shops, science museums, science parks and exploratories are examples of open science infrastructures providing common access to physical facilities, capabilities and services.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"open science infrastructures","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Open innovation testbeds including incubators, accessible research facilities, open license stewards, as well as science shops, science museums, science parks and exploratories, are additional examples of open science infrastructures providing common access to physical facilities, capabilities and services.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-03/c99","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/3168e092e6de4474","nativeRecordCid":"30046011-7bcf-45b4-8d8e-a270f7ed94e8","documentId":"open-science-source-03","id":"c99","text":"Open science infrastructures are often the result of community-building efforts.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"open science infrastructures","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Open science infrastructures are often the result of community-building efforts, which are crucial for their long-term sustainability and therefore should be not-for-profit and guarantee permanent and unrestricted access to all public to the largest extent possible.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-03/c100","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/61a2cebc543f4553","nativeRecordCid":"7e27b81b-d28d-4267-86ee-8cd7e584b58c","documentId":"open-science-source-03","id":"c100","text":"Community-building efforts are crucial for the long-term sustainability of open science infrastructures.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"community-building efforts","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Open science infrastructures are often the result of community-building efforts, which are crucial for their long-term sustainability and therefore should be not-for-profit and guarantee permanent and unrestricted access to all public to the largest extent possible.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-03/c101","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/31baac7f50904713","nativeRecordCid":"8241685f-ba10-45fa-b70b-0f7abd886150","documentId":"open-science-source-03","id":"c101","text":"Open science infrastructures should be not-for-profit.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"open science infrastructures","subject":"open science infrastructures","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Open science infrastructures are often the result of community-building efforts, which are crucial for their long-term sustainability and therefore should be not-for-profit and guarantee permanent and unrestricted access to all public to the largest extent possible.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-03/c102","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/758c57bce513466b","nativeRecordCid":"367086c9-04b4-4d80-95b2-da4cbdd35346","documentId":"open-science-source-03","id":"c102","text":"Open science infrastructures should guarantee permanent and unrestricted access to all public to the largest extent possible.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"open science infrastructures","subject":"open science infrastructures","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Open science infrastructures are often the result of community-building efforts, which are crucial for their long-term sustainability and therefore should be not-for-profit and guarantee permanent and unrestricted access to all public to the largest extent possible.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-03/c103","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/913d97ddf49f489f","nativeRecordCid":"1ce683de-158e-447a-afa5-68305806f29c","documentId":"open-science-source-03","id":"c103","text":"Open engagement of societal actors refers to extended collaboration between scientists and societal actors beyond the scientific community, achieved by opening up practices and tools that are part of the research cycle and by making the scientific process more inclusive and accessible to the broader inquiring society.","kind":"definitional","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"open engagement of societal actors","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"**Open engagement of societal actors** refers to extended collaboration between scientists and societal actors beyond the scientific community, by opening up practices and tools that are part of the research cycle and by making the scientific process more inclusive and accessible to the broader inquiring society based on new forms of collaboration and work such as crowdfunding, crowdsourcing and scientific volunteering.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-03/c104","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/df434f853e3d4c74","nativeRecordCid":"01b60e50-10a8-409f-ae27-3045a8fe3c3a","documentId":"open-science-source-03","id":"c104","text":"Open science provides the basis for citizen and community involvement in the generation of knowledge.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"open science","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"In the perspective of developing a collective intelligence for problem solving, including through the use of transdisciplinary research methods, open science provides the basis for citizen and community involvement in the generation of knowledge and for an enhanced dialogue between scientists, policymakers and practitioners, entrepreneurs and community members, giving all stakeholders a voice in developing research that is compatible with their concerns, needs and aspirations.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-03/c105","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/2e893535d5a0483d","nativeRecordCid":"ae985160-eaaf-450b-913b-a693b4e3c524","documentId":"open-science-source-03","id":"c105","text":"Open science provides the basis for an enhanced dialogue between scientists, policymakers and practitioners, entrepreneurs and community members, giving all stakeholders a voice in developing research that is compatible with their concerns, needs and aspirations.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"open science","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"In the perspective of developing a collective intelligence for problem solving, including through the use of transdisciplinary research methods, open science provides the basis for citizen and community involvement in the generation of knowledge and for an enhanced dialogue between scientists, policymakers and practitioners, entrepreneurs and community members, giving all stakeholders a voice in developing research that is compatible with their concerns, needs and aspirations.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-03/c106","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/b267b3fd147c4996","nativeRecordCid":"ce4b4ccd-50a2-4844-a9ef-3937071d5bbc","documentId":"open-science-source-03","id":"c106","text":"Citizen science and citizens' participation have developed as models of scientific research conducted by non-professional scientists following scientifically valid methodologies, frequently carried out in association with formal scientific programmes or professional scientists.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"citizen science","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Furthermore, citizen science and citizens’ participation have developed as models of scientific research conducted by non-professional scientists, following scientifically valid methodologies and frequently carried out in association with formal, scientific programmes or with professional scientists with web-based platforms and social media, as well as open source hardware and software (especially low-cost sensors and mobile apps) as important agents of interaction.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-03/c107","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/4d795da8ff484043","nativeRecordCid":"d630f726-73bd-4348-a9f1-900a31addacb","documentId":"open-science-source-03","id":"c107","text":"Web-based platforms and social media, as well as open source hardware and software, especially low-cost sensors and mobile apps, are important agents of interaction for citizen science.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"citizen science tools","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Furthermore, citizen science and citizens’ participation have developed as models of scientific research conducted by non-professional scientists, following scientifically valid methodologies and frequently carried out in association with formal, scientific programmes or with professional scientists with web-based platforms and social media, as well as open source hardware and software (especially low-cost sensors and mobile apps) as important agents of interaction.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-03/c108","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/bd3cc19ffebb4a7e","nativeRecordCid":"6522d5ba-6f07-4923-bf3f-735be0ad36e3","documentId":"open-science-source-03","id":"c108","text":"The outputs of citizen and participatory science should be subject to curation, standardization and preservation methods necessary to ensure maximum benefit to all, for their effective reuse by other actors including scientists.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"","subject":"outputs of citizen and participatory science","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"For the effective reuse of the outputs of citizen and participatory science by other actors, including scientists, these products should be subject to the curation, standardization and preservation methods necessary to ensure the maximum benefit to all.","representedInStars":false}
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{"key":"open-science-source-03/c130","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/5a0ac00c14414788","nativeRecordCid":"3cd3ee18-d95c-45fa-a8fd-fe66621bd965","documentId":"open-science-source-03","id":"c130","text":"The practice of science should be equitable, including in opportunities for scientific education and capacity development.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"","subject":"practice of science","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The practice of science should be inclusive, sustainable and equitable, also in opportunities for scientific education and capacity development.","representedInStars":true}
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{"key":"open-science-source-03/c132","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/707a1add7dd14605","nativeRecordCid":"2d4eaaa9-0d48-489b-8fbe-ddd459711033","documentId":"open-science-source-03","id":"c132","text":"Increased openness should be promoted in all stages of the scientific endeavour, with the view to reinforcing the strength and rigour of scientific results, enhancing the societal impact of science, and increasing the capacity of society to solve complex interconnected problems.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"","subject":"increased openness in science","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"(a) **Transparency, scrutiny, critique and reproducibility**: increased openness should be promoted in all stages of the scientific endeavour, with the view to reinforcing the strength and rigour of scientific results, enhancing the societal impact of science and increasing the capacity of society as a whole to solve complex interconnected problems.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-03/c133","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/14705005481a45dd","nativeRecordCid":"967b4c52-b70b-49f3-9f0b-46d388716d11","documentId":"open-science-source-03","id":"c133","text":"Increased openness leads to increased transparency and trust in scientific information.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"increased openness","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Increased openness leads to increased transparency and trust in scientific information and reinforces the fundamental feature of science as a distinct form of knowledge based on evidence and tested against reality, logic and the scrutiny of scientific peers.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-03/c134","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/403f460bc39741a2","nativeRecordCid":"571ead0b-9f93-4550-bb26-ac27be81499d","documentId":"open-science-source-03","id":"c134","text":"Increased openness reinforces the fundamental feature of science as a distinct form of knowledge based on evidence and tested against reality, logic and the scrutiny of scientific peers.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"increased openness","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Increased openness leads to increased transparency and trust in scientific information and reinforces the fundamental feature of science as a distinct form of knowledge based on evidence and tested against reality, logic and the scrutiny of scientific peers.","representedInStars":true}
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{"key":"open-science-source-03/c139","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/b19649452c014a26","nativeRecordCid":"08bc8ca9-a394-4e15-a9e8-ad2e5ffe7010","documentId":"open-science-source-03","id":"c139","text":"Collaboration between disciplines should be promoted.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"","subject":"collaboration between disciplines","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"(d) **Collaboration, participation and inclusion**: collaborations at all levels of the scientific process, beyond the boundaries of geography, language, generations and resources, should become the norm, and collaboration between disciplines should be promoted, together with the full and effective participation of societal actors and inclusion of knowledge from marginalized communities in solving problems of social importance.","representedInStars":true}
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{"key":"open-science-source-03/c141","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/ab28f977f16745ce","nativeRecordCid":"fcd071d7-07dc-40cd-b055-b2c83f2f4e6e","documentId":"open-science-source-03","id":"c141","text":"Inclusion of knowledge from marginalized communities should be promoted in solving problems of social importance.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"","subject":"inclusion of knowledge from marginalized communities","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"(d) **Collaboration, participation and inclusion**: collaborations at all levels of the scientific process, beyond the boundaries of geography, language, generations and resources, should become the norm, and collaboration between disciplines should be promoted, together with the full and effective participation of societal actors and inclusion of knowledge from marginalized communities in solving problems of social importance.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-03/c142","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/077b833fd34f4e6b","nativeRecordCid":"ec8c2c2f-694e-43c7-8073-ef92b30c9bee","documentId":"open-science-source-03","id":"c142","text":"There is no one-size-fits-all way of practicing open science, due to the diversity of science systems, actors and capacities across the world and the evolving nature of supporting information and communication technologies.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"practicing open science","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"(e) **Flexibility**: due to the diversity of science systems, actors and capacities across the world, as well as the evolving nature of supporting information and communication technologies, there is no one-size-fits-all way of practicing open science.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-03/c143","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/6753e511e6f44b59","nativeRecordCid":"bafb89cb-ff8c-440d-a829-e701da4e90db","documentId":"open-science-source-03","id":"c143","text":"Open science should build on long-term practices, services, infrastructures and funding models that ensure the equal participation of scientific producers from less privileged institutions and countries.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"open science","subject":"open science","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"(f) **Sustainability**: to be as efficient and impactful as possible, open science should build on long-term practices, services, infrastructures and funding models that ensure the equal participation of scientific producers from less privileged institutions and countries.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-03/c144","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/3f565284f0454900","nativeRecordCid":"06de4038-abdf-4eb8-90f5-88ea8cbe3ca0","documentId":"open-science-source-03","id":"c144","text":"Different pathways of transition to and practice of open science must be encouraged while upholding the core values of open science and maximizing adherence to the other guiding principles.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"","subject":"pathways of transition to open science","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Different pathways of transition to and practice of open science need to be encouraged while upholding the above-mentioned core values and maximizing adherence to the other principles hereby presented.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-03/c145","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/704f87b5a17946ba","nativeRecordCid":"0f3e66c6-ad28-4ee0-9ba6-64cab4921819","documentId":"open-science-source-03","id":"c145","text":"Open science infrastructures should be organized and financed upon an essentially not-for-profit and long-term vision that enhances open science practices and guarantees permanent and unrestricted access to all, to the largest extent possible.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"open science infrastructures","subject":"open science infrastructures","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Open science infrastructures should be organized and financed upon an essentially not-for-profit and long-term vision, which enhance open science practices and guarantee permanent and unrestricted access to all, to the largest extent possible.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-03/c146","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/cfa7298175874e88","nativeRecordCid":"9ecb36aa-2c29-4bf5-9163-40a865ffaf27","documentId":"open-science-source-03","id":"c146","text":"Member States should promote and support the common understanding of open science, as defined in the Recommendation, within the scientific community and among the different open science actors.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"Member States","subject":"common understanding of open science","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Member States are recommended to promote and support the common understanding of open science as defined in this Recommendation, within the scientific community and among the different open science actors, and strategically plan and support open science awareness raising at the institutional, national and regional levels while respecting diversity of open science approaches and practices.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-03/c147","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/db3ad8d5544d4fae","nativeRecordCid":"780e21ae-b75a-43f0-8d9b-6e857ffaec37","documentId":"open-science-source-03","id":"c147","text":"Member States should strategically plan and support open science awareness raising at the institutional, national and regional levels.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"Member States","subject":"open science awareness raising","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Member States are recommended to promote and support the common understanding of open science as defined in this Recommendation, within the scientific community and among the different open science actors, and strategically plan and support open science awareness raising at the institutional, national and regional levels while respecting diversity of open science approaches and practices.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-03/c148","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/cc7e2f0511eb4943","nativeRecordCid":"521d2d36-bb84-48cd-b096-2f44e4086055","documentId":"open-science-source-03","id":"c148","text":"Member States should ensure that open science incorporates the values and principles outlined in the Recommendation, so that the benefits of open science are shared and reciprocal and do not involve unfair or inequitable extraction of data and knowledge.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"Member States","subject":"open science values and principles","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Ensuring that open science incorporates the values and principles as outlined in this Recommendation to ensure that the benefits of open science are shared and reciprocal, and do not involve unfair and/or inequitable extraction of data and knowledge.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-03/c149","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/590b69daa08841f1","nativeRecordCid":"174d59ef-e6ad-4938-aedf-30a5dcac41ce","documentId":"open-science-source-03","id":"c149","text":"Publicly funded research should be undertaken based on the principles of open science, in line with the provisions of the Recommendation, in particular paragraph 8.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"Member States","subject":"publicly funded research","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Ensuring that publicly funded research is undertaken based on the principles of open science in line with the provisions of this Recommendation, in particular paragraph 8, and that the scientific knowledge from the publicly funded research, including scientific publications, open research data, open software, source code and open hardware, is openly licensed or dedicated to the public domain.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-03/c150","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/2f6a4179719445f1","nativeRecordCid":"fdfe1d23-e089-422e-aaee-8451dada6fb4","documentId":"open-science-source-03","id":"c150","text":"Scientific knowledge from publicly funded research, including scientific publications, open research data, open software, source code and open hardware, should be openly licensed or dedicated to the public domain.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"Member States","subject":"scientific knowledge from public research","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Ensuring that publicly funded research is undertaken based on the principles of open science in line with the provisions of this Recommendation, in particular paragraph 8, and that the scientific knowledge from the publicly funded research, including scientific publications, open research data, open software, source code and open hardware, is openly licensed or dedicated to the public domain.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-03/c151","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/03d93e07e4a44eb1","nativeRecordCid":"fdde6bd8-2828-40b7-abfd-b3e54abbd104","documentId":"open-science-source-03","id":"c151","text":"Member States should encourage bibliodiversity through the diversity of formats and means of publications, including those produced by the humanities and social sciences, and diversity of business models, by supporting not-for-profit, academic and scientific community-driven publishing models as a common good.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"Member States","subject":"bibliodiversity","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Encouraging bibliodiversity through the diversity of formats and means of publications, including those produced by the humanities and social sciences, and diversity of business models, by supporting not-for-profit, academic and scientific community-driven publishing models as a common good.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-03/c152","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/dd4c69bf28d149dd","nativeRecordCid":"cc69e979-3ca0-406f-a9f9-06cd0bcc3e49","documentId":"open-science-source-03","id":"c152","text":"Member States should encourage multilingualism in the practice of science, in scientific publications and in academic communications.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"Member States","subject":"multilingualism in science","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Encouraging multilingualism in the practice of science, in scientific publications and in academic communications.","representedInStars":false}
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{"key":"open-science-source-03/c154","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/ceb91cc28a354c16","nativeRecordCid":"df143a77-027d-451c-b31c-5e50fa7592e6","documentId":"open-science-source-03","id":"c154","text":"Member States should enhance open science communication to support the dissemination of scientific knowledge to scholars in other research fields, decision makers and the public at large.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"Member States","subject":"open science communication","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Enhancing open science communication to support the dissemination of scientific knowledge to scholars in other research fields, decision makers and the public at large.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-03/c155","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/97ccb3d8202f4bca","nativeRecordCid":"510add83-f82d-4bee-8a08-f05d44d29378","documentId":"open-science-source-03","id":"c155","text":"Member States should engage the private sector in discussion about the ways in which the scope of open science principles and priorities can be enlarged and mutually shared.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"Member States","subject":"private sector engagement","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Engaging the private sector in the discussion about the ways in which the scope of open science principles and priorities can be enlarged and mutually shared.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-03/c156","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/b74b9ea0785a4d01","nativeRecordCid":"ca2a8281-744c-48f1-8a76-eabe8485cbdb","documentId":"open-science-source-03","id":"c156","text":"Member States should enable open multi-stakeholder discussions on open science benefits and challenges, such as competition, extraction and exploitation of data, intellectual property rights, privacy, security and inequalities between publicly and privately funded research, to address these challenges and implement open science practices in line with the Recommendation.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"Member States","subject":"multi-stakeholder discussions on open science","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Enabling open multi-stakeholder discussions on open science benefits and its real and apparent challenges as regards, for example, competition, extraction and exploitation of data by more advanced technologies, links to intellectual property rights, privacy, security and inequalities between publicly and privately funded research, in order to address these challenges constructively and implement open science practices in line with the values and principles outlined in this Recommendation.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-03/c157","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/f12b3c1f336348a0","nativeRecordCid":"365673df-ff42-4bc1-87e1-8ea3ecb66191","documentId":"open-science-source-03","id":"c157","text":"Member States should develop or encourage policy environments that support the operationalization of open science and effective implementation of open science practices, including policies to incentivize open science practices among researchers.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"Member States","subject":"open science policy environments","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Member States, according to their specific conditions, governing structures and constitutional provisions, should develop or encourage policy environments, including those at the institutional, national, regional and international levels that support operationalization of open science and effective implementation of open science practices, including policies to incentivize open science practices among researchers.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-03/c158","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/d15cc42e97504494","nativeRecordCid":"760f3834-c725-4d7c-b0d6-e604786a96f7","documentId":"open-science-source-03","id":"c158","text":"Member States should develop effective institutional and national open science policies and legal frameworks that are consistent with existing international and regional law and in line with the definition, values, principles and actions outlined in the Recommendation.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"Member States","subject":"open science policies and legal frameworks","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Developing effective institutional and national open science policies and legal frameworks that are consistent with existing international and regional law and are in line with the definition, values and principles as well as actions outlined in this Recommendation.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-03/c159","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/d4cdfa36dac844bd","nativeRecordCid":"3320d759-d721-4814-b39d-db0d747bc632","documentId":"open-science-source-03","id":"c159","text":"Member States should align open science policies, strategies and actions from individual institutions to local and international levels, while respecting the diversity of open science approaches.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"Member States","subject":"alignment of open science policies","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Aligning open science policies, strategies and actions from individual institutions to local and international levels, while respecting the diversity of open science approaches.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-03/c160","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/a9ee3c3ac49c4003","nativeRecordCid":"b6fdaf3b-9198-43c0-b461-8830ab54d58d","documentId":"open-science-source-03","id":"c160","text":"Member States should mainstream gender equality aspects into open science policies, strategies and practices.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"Member States","subject":"gender equality in open science","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Mainstreaming gender equality aspects into open sciences policies, strategies and practices.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-03/c161","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/2ba57a24be9b40c9","nativeRecordCid":"a43da114-44be-4700-852c-e00cdd2b76fa","documentId":"open-science-source-03","id":"c161","text":"Research-performing institutions, particularly those in receipt of public funds, should implement policies and strategies for open science.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"research-performing institutions","subject":"open science policies at institutions","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Encouraging research-performing institutions, particularly those in receipt of public funds, to implement policies and strategies for open science.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-03/c162","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/8f0b286322af48c9","nativeRecordCid":"c7c20706-6c9c-435a-b9c9-ad38bfb71986","documentId":"open-science-source-03","id":"c162","text":"Research-performing institutions, universities, scientific unions and associations, and learned societies should adopt statements of principle in line with the Recommendation to encourage open science practice, in coordination with national science academies, associations of early-career researchers, and the International Science Council.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"research-performing institutions, universities, scientific unions and associations, and learned societies","subject":"statements of principle on open science","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Encouraging research-performing institutions, universities, scientific unions and associations, and learned societies to adopt statements of principle in line with this Recommendation to encourage open science practice in coordination with national science academies, associations of early-career researchers such as young academies and the International Science Council (ISC).","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-03/c163","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/979a1aa50ea44973","nativeRecordCid":"c37b0e34-465b-4e17-85f7-28feec0f6f1d","documentId":"open-science-source-03","id":"c163","text":"Member States should enhance the inclusion of citizen and participatory science as integral parts of open science policies and practices at the national, institutional and funder levels.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"Member States","subject":"citizen and participatory science","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Enhancing the inclusion of citizen and participatory science as integral parts of open science policies and practices at the national, institutional and funder levels.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-03/c164","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/d55e5a36c0204bf8","nativeRecordCid":"4e4ba4d8-c430-4610-bde8-4c58aa1a74c5","documentId":"open-science-source-03","id":"c164","text":"Member States should design models that allow co-production of knowledge with multiple actors.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"Member States","subject":"co-production of knowledge models","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Designing models that allow co-production of knowledge with multiple actors and establishing guidelines to ensure the recognition of non-scientific collaborations.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-03/c165","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/7ca2468fd1ae4d05","nativeRecordCid":"f05c8cd3-8ed7-4431-93e4-3e3a33b372c5","documentId":"open-science-source-03","id":"c165","text":"Member States should establish guidelines to ensure the recognition of non-scientific collaborations.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"Member States","subject":"recognition of non-scientific collaborations","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Designing models that allow co-production of knowledge with multiple actors and establishing guidelines to ensure the recognition of non-scientific collaborations.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-03/c166","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/1b6acb9259334d5b","nativeRecordCid":"5a681a1c-04e0-4807-9667-54fe9681b702","documentId":"open-science-source-03","id":"c166","text":"Member States should encourage responsible research and researcher evaluation and assessment practices that incentivize quality science and recognize the diversity of research outputs, activities and missions.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"Member States","subject":"researcher evaluation practices","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Encouraging responsible research and researcher evaluation and assessment practices, which incentivize quality science, recognizing the diversity of research outputs, activities and missions.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-03/c167","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/9b60a8dbffb84b91","nativeRecordCid":"0f5f7af9-8528-4220-a9e6-e5392956e3cf","documentId":"open-science-source-03","id":"c167","text":"Member States should foster equitable public-private partnerships for open science and engage the private sector in open science, provided that there is appropriate certification and regulation to prevent vendor lock-in, predatory behaviour, and unfair or inequitable extraction of profit from publicly funded scientific activities.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"Member States","subject":"public-private partnerships for open science","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Fostering equitable public-private partnerships for open science and engaging the private sector in open science, provided that there is appropriate certification and regulation to prevent vendor lock-in, predatory behaviour and unfair and/or inequitable extraction of profit from publicly funded scientific activities.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-03/c168","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/ac0e2236def04373","nativeRecordCid":"0ed3412a-4257-49e4-ab46-8f09c7295314","documentId":"open-science-source-03","id":"c168","text":"Member States should ensure that the market for services relating to science and open science functions in the global and public interest and without market dominance by any commercial entity.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"Member States","subject":"market for open science services","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Given the public interest in open science and the role of public funding, Member States should ensure that the market for services, relating to science and open science, functions in the global and public interest and without market dominance on the part of any commercial entity.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-03/c169","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/9623813d46244ec5","nativeRecordCid":"af50d04e-df64-4ee3-b69d-cdd19f8683b5","documentId":"open-science-source-03","id":"c169","text":"Member States should design, implement and monitor funding and investment policies and strategies for science based on the core values and principles of open science.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"Member States","subject":"funding and investment policies","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Designing, implementing and monitoring funding and investment policies and strategies for science based on the core values and principles of open science.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-03/c170","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/17bed4ca22cd4cae","nativeRecordCid":"40747a73-f76a-4f62-b7a0-112c3943d7c2","documentId":"open-science-source-03","id":"c170","text":"The costs associated with operationalization of open science relate to the support of open science research, publishing, data and coding practices.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"costs of open science operationalization","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The costs associated with operationalization of open science relate to the support of open science research, publishing, data and coding practices, the development and adoption of open science infrastructures and services, capacity building of all actors and innovative, highly collaborative and participatory approaches to the scientific enterprise.","representedInStars":true}
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{"key":"open-science-source-03/c176","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/f0d65cec13bf4cba","nativeRecordCid":"a3c09dbc-db11-4e71-b96b-4196ebc2d7e1","documentId":"open-science-source-03","id":"c176","text":"Science is a global public good.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"science as a public good","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Considering science as a global public good, open science services should be viewed as essential research infrastructures, governed and owned by the community and funded collectively by governments, funders and institutions reflecting the diverse interests and needs of the research community and society.","representedInStars":true}
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{"key":"open-science-source-03/c206","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/85b2f209318142d3","nativeRecordCid":"7edfcd97-4661-49f6-aaf5-e34a672a1116","documentId":"open-science-source-03","id":"c206","text":"Due care should be given to persistent identifiers of digital objects.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"","subject":"persistent identifiers of digital objects","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Due care should also be given to persistent identifiers of digital objects.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-03/c207","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/7675a42d2644469e","nativeRecordCid":"d86a747b-922f-4329-97bf-6dca2c0b910d","documentId":"open-science-source-03","id":"c207","text":"Member States should invest in community agreements, concluded in the context of regional or global research communities, that define community practices for data sharing, data formats, metadata standards, ontologies and terminologies, tools and infrastructure.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"Member States","subject":"community agreements on data practices","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Community agreements, concluded in the context of regional or global research communities, and which define community practices for data sharing, data formats, metadata standards, ontologies and terminologies, tools and infrastructure.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-03/c208","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/9d686edecd7a497c","nativeRecordCid":"fc8c0992-3e25-4e08-8a69-142774c08b3a","documentId":"open-science-source-03","id":"c208","text":"International scientific unions and associations, regional or national research infrastructures, and journal editorial boards each have a role to play in helping develop community agreements for data sharing, formats, metadata standards, ontologies, terminologies, tools and infrastructure.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"role in developing community agreements","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"International scientific unions and associations, regional or national research infrastructures and journal editorial boards each have a role to play in helping develop these agreements.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-03/c209","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/25ea9b90021c4d87","nativeRecordCid":"54bfb654-c8b3-4283-83e4-ea53f03c5b72","documentId":"open-science-source-03","id":"c209","text":"Convergence between the various semantic artefacts, particularly vocabularies, taxonomies, ontologies and metadata schema, is essential for the interoperability and reuse of data for interdisciplinary research.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"","subject":"convergence of semantic artefacts","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"In addition, convergence between the various semantic artefacts (particularly vocabularies, taxonomies, ontologies and metadata schema) is essential for the interoperability and reuse of data for interdisciplinary research.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-03/c210","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/264f40a2b280450e","nativeRecordCid":"52d266f3-3a0c-42e5-9308-db748f12d1bc","documentId":"open-science-source-03","id":"c210","text":"Member States should invest in North-South, North-South-South and South-South collaborations to optimize infrastructure use and joint strategies for shared open science platforms, including through research collaborations, sharing of infrastructures, technical assistance, technology transfer and coproduction, and exchange of good practices under mutually agreed terms.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"Member States","subject":"North-South and South-South collaborations","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"North-South, North-South-South and South-South collaborations to optimize infrastructure use and joint strategies for shared, multinational, regional and national open science platforms, including through the promotion of research collaborations, sharing of open science infrastructures, technical assistance, transfer and coproduction of technology related to open science and exchange of good practices under mutually agreed terms.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-03/c211","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/fc2774ea65444248","nativeRecordCid":"4ebec654-a282-49ee-bea1-8fb67a992ce5","documentId":"open-science-source-03","id":"c211","text":"North-South, North-South-South and South-South collaborative initiatives are a mechanism to provide coordinated support for open science, covering access to open science services and research infrastructures, alignment of policies, educational programmes and technical standards.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"North-South collaborative initiatives","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Such initiatives are a mechanism to provide coordinated support for open science covering: access to open science services and research infrastructures (including storage, stewardship and data commons), alignment of policies, educational programmes and technical standards.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-03/c212","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/f83a3f7df51d4875","nativeRecordCid":"4e7a56c9-1286-4790-a1a2-fc974443205e","documentId":"open-science-source-03","id":"c212","text":"Open science initiatives under way in different regions should interoperate from the perspective of policy, practices and technical specifications.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"","subject":"regional open science initiatives","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"With a number of initiatives under way in different regions, it is important that they should interoperate from the perspective of policy, practices and technical specifications.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-03/c213","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/5d15df0497cf41f2","nativeRecordCid":"e8367ec3-b18c-458e-a203-6a284797a0a0","documentId":"open-science-source-03","id":"c213","text":"Funding programmes should be invested in to enable scientists to create and use open science platforms, particularly in low- and middle-income countries.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"","subject":"funding for open science platforms","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"It will also be important to invest in funding programmes to enable scientists to create and use such platforms, particularly in low- and middle-income countries.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-03/c214","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/928b55c3e4d14aec","nativeRecordCid":"8a3ec82b-2183-488c-8e6c-44fb9df2f682","documentId":"open-science-source-03","id":"c214","text":"Member States should invest in a new generation of open information technology tools that automate the process of searching and analysing linked publications and data.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"Member States","subject":"open IT tools for searching data","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"A new generation of open information technology tools that automate the process of searching and analysing linked publications and data, making the process of generating and testing hypotheses faster and more efficient.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-03/c215","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/f061148ab9984a44","nativeRecordCid":"73409f8d-c1f4-4085-b4b9-4143ab1b479e","documentId":"open-science-source-03","id":"c215","text":"A new generation of open information technology tools that automate the process of searching and analysing linked publications and data makes the process of generating and testing hypotheses faster and more efficient.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"open IT tools for searching data","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"A new generation of open information technology tools that automate the process of searching and analysing linked publications and data, making the process of generating and testing hypotheses faster and more efficient.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-03/c216","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/e7472674b1674d53","nativeRecordCid":"ab04a6e0-94e7-4de5-9776-b2ba66927b4c","documentId":"open-science-source-03","id":"c216","text":"These tools and services will have maximum impact when used within an open science framework that spans institutional, national and disciplinary boundaries.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"open science IT tools impact","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"These tools and services will have maximum impact when used within an open science framework that spans institutional, national, and disciplinary boundaries, while addressing potential risks and ethical issues that may arise from the development and use of those tools using artificial intelligence technologies.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-03/c217","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/a924060769e34843","nativeRecordCid":"1d62afc7-3a15-46e5-bc92-1762b742f783","documentId":"open-science-source-03","id":"c217","text":"Potential risks and ethical issues that may arise from the development and use of open information technology tools using artificial intelligence technologies should be addressed.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"","subject":"risks of AI-based open science tools","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"These tools and services will have maximum impact when used within an open science framework that spans institutional, national, and disciplinary boundaries, while addressing potential risks and ethical issues that may arise from the development and use of those tools using artificial intelligence technologies.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-03/c218","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/2624472367de4ee9","nativeRecordCid":"5404151a-393a-4944-8242-4abc524d992d","documentId":"open-science-source-03","id":"c218","text":"Member States should invest in funding for the necessary costs associated with transformation towards and maintaining open science practices.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"Member States","subject":"funding for open science transformation","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Funding for the necessary costs associated with transformation towards and maintaining open science practices, as well as the promotion of open licensing schemes.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-03/c219","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/011acc16b65e45e4","nativeRecordCid":"c85c36ec-64b9-482e-b6e3-8de387981056","documentId":"open-science-source-03","id":"c219","text":"Member States should invest in the promotion of open licensing schemes.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"Member States","subject":"promotion of open licensing schemes","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Funding for the necessary costs associated with transformation towards and maintaining open science practices, as well as the promotion of open licensing schemes.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-03/c220","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/0554905a477346b1","nativeRecordCid":"6654ddc6-099a-48d6-860b-a3ba67cc1e93","documentId":"open-science-source-03","id":"c220","text":"Member States should invest in infrastructure for non-digital materials, such as reagents.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"Member States","subject":"infrastructure for non-digital materials","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Infrastructure for non-digital materials (e.g. reagents).","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-03/c221","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/d80ab1a192ef4f06","nativeRecordCid":"e3832c24-2802-4859-ae0c-765e8e33ae7a","documentId":"open-science-source-03","id":"c221","text":"Member States should invest in platforms for exchanges and co-creation of knowledge between scientists and society, including through predictable and sustainable funding for volunteer organizations conducting citizen science and participatory research at the local level.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"Member States","subject":"platforms for co-creation of knowledge","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Platforms for exchanges and co-creation of knowledge between scientists and society, including through predictable and sustainable funding for volunteer organizations conducting citizen science and participatory research at the local level.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-03/c222","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/f29fcc86cf9946db","nativeRecordCid":"d7eafab7-617a-4be7-a940-0e7e59824f8f","documentId":"open-science-source-03","id":"c222","text":"Member States should invest in community-based monitoring and information systems to complement national, regional and global data and information systems.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"Member States","subject":"community-based monitoring systems","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Community-based monitoring and information systems to complement national, regional and global data and information systems.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-03/c223","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/69e5c1ebaf4147ea","nativeRecordCid":"522c40aa-4594-4388-b14f-d425f64dd9d2","documentId":"open-science-source-03","id":"c223","text":"Open science requires investment in capacity building and human capital.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"","subject":"investment in capacity building","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Open science requires investment in capacity building and human capital.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-03/c224","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/906123ea648c49c4","nativeRecordCid":"02e8d1a8-ed04-458e-86b3-94b8bd7f79e4","documentId":"open-science-source-03","id":"c224","text":"Transforming scientific practice to adapt to the changes, challenges, opportunities and risks of the twenty-first century digital era requires targeted research, education and training in the skills required for new technologies and in the ethos and practices of open science.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"","subject":"transforming scientific practice","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Transforming scientific practice to adapt to the changes, challenges, opportunities and risks of the twenty-first century digital era, requires targeted research, education and training in the skills required for new technologies and in the ethos and practices of open science.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-03/c225","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/ff38f67836ab432d","nativeRecordCid":"561c1d21-df4c-4f91-873d-3183dd0629e6","documentId":"open-science-source-03","id":"c225","text":"Member States should provide systematic and continuous capacity building on open science concepts and practices, including comprehension of guiding principles and core values as well as technical skills in digital literacy, data science and stewardship, curation, preservation, information literacy, web safety, content ownership and sharing, software engineering and computer science.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"Member States","subject":"capacity building on open science","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Providing systematic and continuous capacity building on open science concepts and practices, including broad comprehension of the open science guiding principles and core values as well as technical skills and capacities in digital literacy, digital collaboration practices, data science and stewardship, curation, long-term preservation and archiving, information and data literacy, web safety, content ownership and sharing, as well as software engineering and computer science.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-03/c226","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/549e55e5802c46dc","nativeRecordCid":"6e86ed9a-40f5-4565-9211-c37af6fda2ed","documentId":"open-science-source-03","id":"c226","text":"Member States should agree on a framework of open science competencies aligned with specific disciplines for researchers at different career stages, as well as for actors active in the private and public sectors or in civil society who need specific competences to use open science products in their professional careers.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"Member States","subject":"framework of open science competencies","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Agreeing on a framework of open science competencies aligned with specific disciplines for researchers at different career stages, as well as for actors active in the private and public sectors or in civil society, who need specific competences to include the use of open science products in their professional careers; and developing recognized skills and training programmes in support of the attainment of these competencies.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-03/c227","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/a427c068271a4edd","nativeRecordCid":"bf2bf7aa-871f-4278-8b01-7a766e8bf52f","documentId":"open-science-source-03","id":"c227","text":"Member States should develop recognized skills and training programmes in support of the attainment of open science competencies.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"Member States","subject":"open science training programmes","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Agreeing on a framework of open science competencies aligned with specific disciplines for researchers at different career stages, as well as for actors active in the private and public sectors or in civil society, who need specific competences to include the use of open science products in their professional careers; and developing recognized skills and training programmes in support of the attainment of these competencies.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-03/c228","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/d4ed7316003e4331","nativeRecordCid":"13f0166d-01ae-4886-9230-90a4ae72cddd","documentId":"open-science-source-03","id":"c228","text":"A core set of data science and data stewardship skills, skills related to intellectual property law, and skills needed to ensure open access and engagement with society should be regarded as part of the foundational expertise of all researchers.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"","subject":"foundational expertise of researchers","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"A core set of data science and data stewardship skills, skills related to intellectual property law, as well as skills needed to ensure open access and engagement with society, as appropriate, should be regarded as part of the foundational expertise of all researchers and incorporated into higher education research skills curricula.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-03/c229","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/fe7108f8eaa44dbf","nativeRecordCid":"a295259c-2e90-406e-bf88-94152733fa9f","documentId":"open-science-source-03","id":"c229","text":"A core set of data science and data stewardship skills, skills related to intellectual property law, and skills needed to ensure open access and engagement with society should be incorporated into higher education research skills curricula.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"","subject":"higher education research curricula","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"A core set of data science and data stewardship skills, skills related to intellectual property law, as well as skills needed to ensure open access and engagement with society, as appropriate, should be regarded as part of the foundational expertise of all researchers and incorporated into higher education research skills curricula.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-03/c230","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/249d82c8b30f48f3","nativeRecordCid":"ad4c86da-1f0f-45a7-b390-5eaae703e526","documentId":"open-science-source-03","id":"c230","text":"Member States should invest in and promote advanced education and the professionalization of roles in data science and data stewardship.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"Member States","subject":"professionalization of data science roles","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Investing in and promoting advanced education and the professionalization of roles in data science and data stewardship.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-03/c231","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/6f9f6dfbcba241ec","nativeRecordCid":"785c11cf-0856-4219-8174-2ed9a9aeecea","documentId":"open-science-source-03","id":"c231","text":"Enabling open science requires data governors capable, in cooperation with the scientific community, of setting strategic directions for data management and openness at the national or local levels.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"","subject":"data governors for open science","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Enabling open science also requires data governors capable, in cooperation with the scientific community, of setting strategic directions for data management and openness at the national or local levels and advanced and professional data stewards who manage and curate data according to agreed principles, notably FAIR and CARE principles, within trusted institutions or services.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-03/c232","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/ca7ee2672f0342cc","nativeRecordCid":"7c8805ca-9a0f-4437-81de-5d2ec26cd9a7","documentId":"open-science-source-03","id":"c232","text":"Enabling open science requires advanced and professional data stewards who manage and curate data according to agreed principles, notably FAIR and CARE principles, within trusted institutions or services.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"","subject":"data stewards for open science","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Enabling open science also requires data governors capable, in cooperation with the scientific community, of setting strategic directions for data management and openness at the national or local levels and advanced and professional data stewards who manage and curate data according to agreed principles, notably FAIR and CARE principles, within trusted institutions or services.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-03/c233","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/53f8102bd677490a","nativeRecordCid":"421b5e47-ba4d-445e-be51-e3290afabea6","documentId":"open-science-source-03","id":"c233","text":"To take advantage of the opportunities offered by open science, research projects, research institutions and civil society initiatives need advanced data science skills, including analysis, statistics, machine learning, artificial intelligence, visualization and the ability to write code and use algorithms with scientific and ethical responsibility.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"research projects, research institutions and civil society initiatives","subject":"advanced data science skills needed","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"In order to take advantage of the opportunities offered by open science, research projects, research institutions and civil society initiatives need to call on advanced data science skills including analysis, statistics, machine learning, artificial intelligence, visualization and the ability to write code and use algorithms with scientific and ethical responsibility.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-03/c234","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/8de9fb6ba4784d4e","nativeRecordCid":"6b5c8a9c-37aa-493e-9392-0e5b81598ec7","documentId":"open-science-source-03","id":"c234","text":"Member States should promote the use of open educational resources (OER) as an instrument for open science capacity building.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"Member States","subject":"open educational resources","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Promoting the use of open educational resources (OER) as defined in the 2019 UNESCO Recommendation on Open Educational Resources (OER), as an instrument for open science capacity building.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-03/c235","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/d88ee7fdea4f4e48","nativeRecordCid":"9786c263-f7cd-471e-9058-7a0d0eb77b06","documentId":"open-science-source-03","id":"c235","text":"OER should be used to increase access to open science educational and research resources.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"","subject":"open educational resources","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"OER should therefore be used to increase access to open science educational and research resources, improve learning outcomes, maximize the impact of public funding and empower educators and learners to become co-creators of knowledge.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-03/c236","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/b996adbb9b3147ea","nativeRecordCid":"46e23425-abdc-4f94-b24a-0304a3038cc2","documentId":"open-science-source-03","id":"c236","text":"OER should be used to improve learning outcomes.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"","subject":"open educational resources","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"OER should therefore be used to increase access to open science educational and research resources, improve learning outcomes, maximize the impact of public funding and empower educators and learners to become co-creators of knowledge.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-03/c237","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/c238c6cbd0a94b8a","nativeRecordCid":"067f5296-1e7b-4645-927e-8519a5e5a4cc","documentId":"open-science-source-03","id":"c237","text":"OER should be used to maximize the impact of public funding.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"","subject":"open educational resources","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"OER should therefore be used to increase access to open science educational and research resources, improve learning outcomes, maximize the impact of public funding and empower educators and learners to become co-creators of knowledge.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-03/c238","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/bba63315b8434ca9","nativeRecordCid":"b0a69236-7869-471e-bdc7-16a88dd145fc","documentId":"open-science-source-03","id":"c238","text":"OER should be used to empower educators and learners to become co-creators of knowledge.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"","subject":"open educational resources","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"OER should therefore be used to increase access to open science educational and research resources, improve learning outcomes, maximize the impact of public funding and empower educators and learners to become co-creators of knowledge.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-03/c239","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/70ff353cb1e94d38","nativeRecordCid":"88af276d-fa59-466d-8288-64225cbe41f3","documentId":"open-science-source-03","id":"c239","text":"Member States should support science communication accompanying open science practices with a view to the dissemination of scientific knowledge to scholars in other research fields, decision-makers and the public at large.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"Member States","subject":"science communication","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Supporting science communication accompanying open science practices with a view to the dissemination of scientific knowledge to scholars in other research fields, decision-makers and the public at large.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-03/c240","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/168c1a16957f4000","nativeRecordCid":"cb5b5d7f-0a06-4469-abf5-145f240df544","documentId":"open-science-source-03","id":"c240","text":"Dissemination of scientific information through scientific journalism and media, popularization of science, open lectures and social media communications builds public trust in science.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"dissemination of scientific information","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Dissemination of scientific information through scientific journalism and media, popularization of science, open lectures and various social media communications builds public trust in science while increasing the engagement of societal actors beyond the scientific community.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-03/c241","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/88935dbbe17742e2","nativeRecordCid":"559e9635-79d4-4465-848b-5189359cf370","documentId":"open-science-source-03","id":"c241","text":"Dissemination of scientific information through scientific journalism and media, popularization of science, open lectures and social media communications increases the engagement of societal actors beyond the scientific community.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"dissemination of scientific information","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Dissemination of scientific information through scientific journalism and media, popularization of science, open lectures and various social media communications builds public trust in science while increasing the engagement of societal actors beyond the scientific community.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-03/c242","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/56bc33681ff9419b","nativeRecordCid":"8b489578-16c8-43c6-b1a4-b62735644484","documentId":"open-science-source-03","id":"c242","text":"The quality and appropriate citation of original sources of information are of paramount importance to science communication regarding open science, in order to avoid misinterpretation and dissemination of misinformation.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"","subject":"quality and citation of sources","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"To avoid misinterpretation and dissemination of misinformation, the quality and appropriate citation of original sources of information are of paramount importance to science communication as regards open science.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-03/c243","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/fbdd72276ef7466c","nativeRecordCid":"2b57ab50-0150-42f0-bd4b-105cd8b1d24c","documentId":"open-science-source-03","id":"c243","text":"According to their specific conditions, governing structures and constitutional provisions, and in a manner consistent with international and national legal frameworks, Member States should engage actively in removing the barriers for open science, particularly those relating to research and career evaluation and awards systems.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"Member States","subject":"removing barriers for open science","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Member States, according to their specific conditions, governing structures and constitutional provisions, in a manner consistent with international and national legal frameworks, are recommended to engage actively in removing the barriers for open science, particularly those relating to research and career evaluation and awards systems.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-03/c244","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/8bcbf84398ae4062","nativeRecordCid":"ed992864-e1a4-480b-9201-482f661cd05b","documentId":"open-science-source-03","id":"c244","text":"Assessment of scientific contribution and career progression rewarding good open science practices is needed for the operationalization of open science.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"","subject":"assessment of scientific contribution and career progression","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Assessment of scientific contribution and career progression rewarding good open science practices is needed for operationalization of open science.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-03/c245","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/f7155eeecbaa4575","nativeRecordCid":"1e9515b5-0eee-4478-baf4-7f9c6b228679","documentId":"open-science-source-03","id":"c245","text":"Attention should be given to preventing and mitigating the unintended negative consequences of open science practices.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"","subject":"unintended negative consequences of open science practices","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Attention should also be given to preventing and mitigating the unintended negative consequences of open science practices, such as predatory behaviours, data migration, exploitation and privatization of research data, increased costs for scientists and high article processing charges associated with certain business models in scientific publishing that may be causes of inequality for the scientific communities around the world and, in some cases, the loss of intellectual property and knowledge.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-03/c246","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/9c45810d0ef943be","nativeRecordCid":"01aee70b-c0cf-4d4e-b5ab-1c56b95b5414","documentId":"open-science-source-03","id":"c246","text":"High article processing charges associated with certain business models in scientific publishing may be causes of inequality for scientific communities around the world.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"high article processing charges","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Attention should also be given to preventing and mitigating the unintended negative consequences of open science practices, such as predatory behaviours, data migration, exploitation and privatization of research data, increased costs for scientists and high article processing charges associated with certain business models in scientific publishing that may be causes of inequality for the scientific communities around the world and, in some cases, the loss of intellectual property and knowledge.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-03/c247","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/3964fc7df62949df","nativeRecordCid":"3a27f991-e8aa-4e03-a34d-dca61c853d49","documentId":"open-science-source-03","id":"c247","text":"Member States should combine efforts of many different stakeholders, including research funders, universities, research institutions, publishers, editors and scientific societies, to change the current research culture and support early-career researchers in driving this cultural change.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"Member States","subject":"combining efforts of stakeholders","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Combining efforts of many different stakeholders, including research funders, universities, research institutions, publishers and editors, and scientific societies across disciplines and countries, to change the current research culture and to recognize researchers for sharing, collaborating and engaging with other researchers and society, and to support, in particular, early-career researchers in particular to drive this cultural change.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-03/c248","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/6bcc75e988b94100","nativeRecordCid":"87524947-bfec-4e0b-88d5-982524167b3d","documentId":"open-science-source-03","id":"c248","text":"Member States should review research assessment and career evaluation systems in order to align them with the principles of open science.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"Member States","subject":"research assessment and career evaluation systems","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Reviewing research assessment and career evaluation systems in order to align them with the principles of open science.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-03/c249","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/9eb85011805c4c7c","nativeRecordCid":"0be600e7-aa32-477e-ae80-f177ed7fda1d","documentId":"open-science-source-03","id":"c249","text":"A commitment to open science requires time, resources and efforts.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"commitment to open science","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Considering that a commitment to open science requires time, resources and efforts that cannot be automatically converted into traditional academic output, such as publications, but which can have a significant impact on science and society, evaluation systems should take into account the wide breadth of missions within the knowledge creation environment.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-03/c250","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/54eea7f2bdb1495e","nativeRecordCid":"860f75b8-2522-4ad6-83cc-2be8aedd05a4","documentId":"open-science-source-03","id":"c250","text":"The time, resources and efforts required by a commitment to open science cannot be automatically converted into traditional academic output such as publications.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"time, resources and efforts of open science commitment","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Considering that a commitment to open science requires time, resources and efforts that cannot be automatically converted into traditional academic output, such as publications, but which can have a significant impact on science and society, evaluation systems should take into account the wide breadth of missions within the knowledge creation environment.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-03/c251","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/fdaf36e3021c4f0f","nativeRecordCid":"dcd40ab1-b83c-41cd-93a1-a3d303d7925e","documentId":"open-science-source-03","id":"c251","text":"The time, resources and efforts required by a commitment to open science can have a significant impact on science and society.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"time, resources and efforts of open science commitment","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Considering that a commitment to open science requires time, resources and efforts that cannot be automatically converted into traditional academic output, such as publications, but which can have a significant impact on science and society, evaluation systems should take into account the wide breadth of missions within the knowledge creation environment.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-03/c252","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/a3d7d8ea28af4933","nativeRecordCid":"acaead2a-cc34-4ffc-9825-b9fc27312d0f","documentId":"open-science-source-03","id":"c252","text":"Evaluation systems should take into account the wide breadth of missions within the knowledge creation environment.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"evaluation systems","subject":"evaluation systems and knowledge-creation missions","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Considering that a commitment to open science requires time, resources and efforts that cannot be automatically converted into traditional academic output, such as publications, but which can have a significant impact on science and society, evaluation systems should take into account the wide breadth of missions within the knowledge creation environment.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-03/c253","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/c021091a00574d9c","nativeRecordCid":"72bd7f41-d82e-499e-8a7e-14c5c9f9a2bb","documentId":"open-science-source-03","id":"c253","text":"The missions within the knowledge creation environment come with different forms of knowledge creation and communication, not limited to publishing in peer reviewed international journals.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"missions within knowledge creation environment","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"These missions come with different forms of knowledge creation and communication, not limited to publishing in peer reviewed international journals.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-03/c254","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/3993a3e2466f4012","nativeRecordCid":"5c96525d-f38b-47b2-8db5-1f13dea7c0a0","documentId":"open-science-source-03","id":"c254","text":"Evaluation and assessment systems should build on existing efforts to improve the ways in which scientific outputs are evaluated.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"evaluation and assessment systems","subject":"evaluation and assessment systems","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"build on the existing efforts to improve the ways in which the scientific outputs are evaluated, such as the 2012 San Francisco Declaration on Research Assessment, with an increased focus on the quality of research outputs rather than quantity, and by fit-for-purpose use of diversified indicators and processes that forego the use of journal-based metrics such as the journal impact factor;","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-03/c255","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/0c0339e4b590484b","nativeRecordCid":"b4994119-d569-4c55-af07-773f54deea54","documentId":"open-science-source-03","id":"c255","text":"Evaluation and assessment systems should increasingly focus on the quality of research outputs rather than quantity.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"evaluation and assessment systems","subject":"evaluation and assessment systems","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"build on the existing efforts to improve the ways in which the scientific outputs are evaluated, such as the 2012 San Francisco Declaration on Research Assessment, with an increased focus on the quality of research outputs rather than quantity, and by fit-for-purpose use of diversified indicators and processes that forego the use of journal-based metrics such as the journal impact factor;","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-03/c256","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/d20664a9a6b9493a","nativeRecordCid":"d8c2ceb9-d1d7-49ca-bc59-43a52944b07e","documentId":"open-science-source-03","id":"c256","text":"Evaluation and assessment systems should make fit-for-purpose use of diversified indicators and processes that forgo the use of journal-based metrics such as the journal impact factor.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"evaluation and assessment systems","subject":"evaluation and assessment systems","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"build on the existing efforts to improve the ways in which the scientific outputs are evaluated, such as the 2012 San Francisco Declaration on Research Assessment, with an increased focus on the quality of research outputs rather than quantity, and by fit-for-purpose use of diversified indicators and processes that forego the use of journal-based metrics such as the journal impact factor;","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-03/c257","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/578e384d76774716","nativeRecordCid":"d415354e-6905-46d0-b6c8-48bbe648dd00","documentId":"open-science-source-03","id":"c257","text":"Evaluation and assessment systems should give value to all relevant research activities and scientific outputs, including high-quality FAIR data and metadata, well-documented and reusable software, protocols and workflows, machine-readable summaries of findings, and teaching, outreach and engagement of societal actors.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"evaluation and assessment systems","subject":"evaluation and assessment systems","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"give value to all relevant research activities and scientific outputs including high-quality FAIR data and metadata, well-documented and reusable software, protocols and workflows, machine-readable summaries of findings, and teaching, outreach and engagement of societal actors;","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-03/c258","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/8f846f9387fe46cd","nativeRecordCid":"56f3e79f-7a9a-4547-b6c4-1beed502adc6","documentId":"open-science-source-03","id":"c258","text":"Evaluation and assessment systems should take into account evidence of research impact and knowledge exchange, such as widening participation in the research process, influence on policy and practice, and engaging in open innovation with partners beyond academia.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"evaluation and assessment systems","subject":"evaluation and assessment systems","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"take into account evidence of research impact and knowledge exchange, such as widening participation in the research process, influence on policy and practice and engaging in open innovation with partners beyond academia;","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-03/c259","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/54f059af89e64894","nativeRecordCid":"8c1692bd-0eae-4281-8ae2-5deaa8791448","documentId":"open-science-source-03","id":"c259","text":"Evaluation and assessment systems should take into account that diversity of disciplines requires different approaches in open science.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"evaluation and assessment systems","subject":"evaluation and assessment systems","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"take into account the fact that diversity of disciplines requires different approaches in open science;","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-03/c260","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/2c94bdcefeea4477","nativeRecordCid":"c75d4ca6-9c99-4681-b52d-ac5b74189280","documentId":"open-science-source-03","id":"c260","text":"Assessment of researchers against open science criteria should be fit for different stages of careers, with particular attention to researchers at the beginning of their careers.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"","subject":"assessment of researchers against open science criteria","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"take into account the fact that assessment of researchers against open science criteria should be fit for different stages of careers, with particular attention to researchers at the beginning of their careers.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-03/c261","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/8e3dc747c2404831","nativeRecordCid":"4ba3e504-a6b0-451b-8ce6-233e784c375f","documentId":"open-science-source-03","id":"c261","text":"Member States should ensure that the practice of open science is well known.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"Member States","subject":"practice of open science","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Ensuring that the practice of open science is well known, and is taken into account as a scientific and academic recruitment and promotion criterion.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-03/c262","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/8ecc859725094e04","nativeRecordCid":"b7ca0829-89f9-458e-8016-d69e766bf4fa","documentId":"open-science-source-03","id":"c262","text":"Member States should ensure that the practice of open science is taken into account as a scientific and academic recruitment and promotion criterion.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"Member States","subject":"practice of open science","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Ensuring that the practice of open science is well known, and is taken into account as a scientific and academic recruitment and promotion criterion.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-03/c263","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/1c61c0f6615a4e22","nativeRecordCid":"1ec547c6-89f7-4102-8cba-ebc90245c1b4","documentId":"open-science-source-03","id":"c263","text":"Funders, research institutions, journal editorial boards, learned societies and publishers should adopt policies that require and reward open access to scientific knowledge, including scientific publications, open research data, open software, source code and open hardware.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"funders, research institutions, journal editorial boards, learned societies and publishers","subject":"policies requiring and rewarding open access","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Encouraging funders, research institutions, journal editorial boards, learned societies and publishers to adopt policies that require and reward open access to scientific knowledge, including scientific publications, open research data, open software, source code and open hardware, in line with the provisions of this Recommendation.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-03/c264","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/a9cb55c71ef94904","nativeRecordCid":"e8f3ad40-d560-4e96-931d-e35154263ee6","documentId":"open-science-source-03","id":"c264","text":"Member States should ensure diversity in scholarly communications with adherence to the principles of open, transparent and equitable access.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"Member States","subject":"diversity in scholarly communications","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Ensuring diversity in scholarly communications with adherence to the principles of open, transparent and equitable access and supporting non-commercial publishing models and collaborative publishing models with no article processing charges or book processing charges.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-03/c265","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/8239ad7ce70b47b6","nativeRecordCid":"ff3e46cb-a48f-445f-b3ae-8bcde7961583","documentId":"open-science-source-03","id":"c265","text":"Member States should support non-commercial publishing models and collaborative publishing models with no article processing charges or book processing charges.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"Member States","subject":"non-commercial and collaborative publishing models","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Ensuring diversity in scholarly communications with adherence to the principles of open, transparent and equitable access and supporting non-commercial publishing models and collaborative publishing models with no article processing charges or book processing charges.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-03/c266","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/349f272593374ddc","nativeRecordCid":"353ca74b-5012-4310-b0ca-8ba7606f68a8","documentId":"open-science-source-03","id":"c266","text":"Member States should enforce effective governance measures and proper legislation in order to address inequality, prevent related predatory behaviours, and protect the intellectual creation of open science methods, products and data.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"Member States","subject":"governance measures and legislation for open science","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Enforcing effective governance measures and proper legislation in order to address inequality and prevent related predatory behaviours as well as to protect the intellectual creation of open science methods, products and data.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-03/c267","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/de613034e2fe4df0","nativeRecordCid":"b647f15a-78e3-4409-9e4f-6fa4c1f3c1bf","documentId":"open-science-source-03","id":"c267","text":"Member States should promote materials that are in the public domain.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"Member States","subject":"public domain materials","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Promoting materials that are in the public domain and existing open licensing schemes, copyright and other intellectual property exceptions for research and educational uses that allow distribution and re-use of a copyright work, or work subject to other intellectual property protection, including partial or derivative use, on the condition that the creator is appropriately credited, in accordance with international law.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-03/c268","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/f021a600e5f04cb5","nativeRecordCid":"2c2b8758-80a1-4828-b421-14548e37326b","documentId":"open-science-source-03","id":"c268","text":"Member States should promote existing open licensing schemes, copyright and other intellectual property exceptions for research and educational uses that allow distribution and re-use of a copyright work, or work subject to other intellectual property protection, including partial or derivative use, on the condition that the creator is appropriately credited, in accordance with international law.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"Member States","subject":"open licensing schemes and IP exceptions","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Promoting materials that are in the public domain and existing open licensing schemes, copyright and other intellectual property exceptions for research and educational uses that allow distribution and re-use of a copyright work, or work subject to other intellectual property protection, including partial or derivative use, on the condition that the creator is appropriately credited, in accordance with international law.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-03/c269","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/8aa7a9acf00d4c81","nativeRecordCid":"d92cd439-09a9-4061-a12a-b52feff8ae3c","documentId":"open-science-source-03","id":"c269","text":"Member States should promote high-quality and responsible research in line with the 2017 UNESCO Recommendation on Science and Scientific Researchers.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"Member States","subject":"high-quality and responsible research","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Promoting high-quality and responsible research in line with the 2017 UNESCO Recommendation on Science and Scientific Researchers and exploring the potential of open science practices to reduce scientific misconduct, including the fabrication and falsification of results, violation of scientific ethical norms, and plagiarism.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-03/c270","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/9e4bcc1ff96c4936","nativeRecordCid":"b4adb5d2-9417-4a1c-a3d0-49e99c175c73","documentId":"open-science-source-03","id":"c270","text":"Member States should explore the potential of open science practices to reduce scientific misconduct, including the fabrication and falsification of results, violation of scientific ethical norms, and plagiarism.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"Member States","subject":"open science practices reducing scientific misconduct","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Promoting high-quality and responsible research in line with the 2017 UNESCO Recommendation on Science and Scientific Researchers and exploring the potential of open science practices to reduce scientific misconduct, including the fabrication and falsification of results, violation of scientific ethical norms, and plagiarism.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-03/c271","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/0badb447dd4b4950","nativeRecordCid":"c0ff67ad-b332-449c-bd7c-b89bd3a73c77","documentId":"open-science-source-03","id":"c271","text":"Scientific culture, methodologies, institutions and infrastructures must undergo relevant changes for open science.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"","subject":"open science","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Open science requires relevant changes in scientific culture, methodologies, institutions and infrastructures, and its principles and practices extend to the entire research cycle, from formulation of hypothesis, development and testing of methodologies, data collection, analysis, management and storage, peer-review and other evaluation and verification methods, to analysis, reflection and interpretation, sharing and confrontation of ideas and results, communication, distribution and uptake, and use and re-use.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-03/c272","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/f2bf427df67b44b2","nativeRecordCid":"d6fa8945-eda1-46c2-9caf-93a5d133756f","documentId":"open-science-source-03","id":"c272","text":"The principles and practices of open science extend to the entire research cycle, from formulation of hypothesis and methodology development through data collection, analysis, peer review, interpretation, communication, distribution, and use and re-use of results.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"principles and practices of open science","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Open science requires relevant changes in scientific culture, methodologies, institutions and infrastructures, and its principles and practices extend to the entire research cycle, from formulation of hypothesis, development and testing of methodologies, data collection, analysis, management and storage, peer-review and other evaluation and verification methods, to analysis, reflection and interpretation, sharing and confrontation of ideas and results, communication, distribution and uptake, and use and re-use.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-03/c273","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/d8d74aef18ff4a73","nativeRecordCid":"915e3591-c9d0-45b7-9532-82dae949b6da","documentId":"open-science-source-03","id":"c273","text":"Open science is continually evolving.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"open science","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Open science is continually evolving and new practices will emerge in the future.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-03/c274","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/0180a0cbafb54afd","nativeRecordCid":"f29bab29-a093-4d90-a03f-9aa959d6e1cf","documentId":"open-science-source-03","id":"c274","text":"New open science practices will emerge in the future.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"open science practices","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Open science is continually evolving and new practices will emerge in the future.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-03/c275","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/4e0e337ba4a44342","nativeRecordCid":"62553c52-58f1-4083-97e4-d0c55572fa6d","documentId":"open-science-source-03","id":"c275","text":"Member States should promote open science from the outset of the research process and extend the principles of openness in all stages of the scientific process to improve quality and reproducibility.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"Member States","subject":"open science throughout the research process","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Promoting open science from the outset of the research process and extending the principles of openness in all stages of the scientific process to improve quality and reproducibility, including the encouragement of community-driven collaboration and other innovative models, for example preprints, clearly distinguished from final peer-reviewed publications, and respecting the diversity of scientific practices, in order to accelerate dissemination and encourage rapid growth in scientific knowledge.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-03/c276","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/eed22dbcd4ba410b","nativeRecordCid":"4fde5c67-2038-4b68-8ca2-df7d263b9fea","documentId":"open-science-source-03","id":"c276","text":"Member States should encourage community-driven collaboration and other innovative models, such as preprints clearly distinguished from final peer-reviewed publications, respecting the diversity of scientific practices.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"Member States","subject":"community-driven collaboration and innovative models","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Promoting open science from the outset of the research process and extending the principles of openness in all stages of the scientific process to improve quality and reproducibility, including the encouragement of community-driven collaboration and other innovative models, for example preprints, clearly distinguished from final peer-reviewed publications, and respecting the diversity of scientific practices, in order to accelerate dissemination and encourage rapid growth in scientific knowledge.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-03/c277","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/4e55e1242fb74e2d","nativeRecordCid":"9fe97dcb-8c85-46b6-8d08-4bdd00580ddb","documentId":"open-science-source-03","id":"c277","text":"Member States should promote, as appropriate, open peer review evaluation practices, including possible disclosure of the identity of reviewers, publicly available reviews, and the possibility for a broader community to provide comments and participate in the assessment process.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"Member States","subject":"open peer review evaluation practices","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Promoting, as appropriate, open peer review evaluation practices including possible disclosure of the identity of the reviewers, publicly available reviews and the possibility for a broader community to provide comments and participate in the assessment process.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-03/c278","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/7c05ff5d0fd4467f","nativeRecordCid":"94c712a1-c0a0-4e73-be51-ccdc6fb8ce00","documentId":"open-science-source-03","id":"c278","text":"Member States should encourage and value publication and sharing of negative scientific results, results that do not conform to the results expected by the researchers who carried them out, and associated data.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"Member States","subject":"negative and non-conforming scientific results","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Encouraging and valuing publication and sharing of negative scientific results and those that do not conform to the results expected by the researchers who carried them out, and data associated with them, as these results also contribute to the advancement of scientific knowledge.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-03/c279","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/fbef5738fe754c34","nativeRecordCid":"f275bff8-ab8b-4085-913b-2b80842bf1f4","documentId":"open-science-source-03","id":"c279","text":"Negative scientific results and results that do not conform to expected outcomes contribute to the advancement of scientific knowledge.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"negative and non-conforming scientific results","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Encouraging and valuing publication and sharing of negative scientific results and those that do not conform to the results expected by the researchers who carried them out, and data associated with them, as these results also contribute to the advancement of scientific knowledge.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-03/c280","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/c5faf918bdf04bf6","nativeRecordCid":"1e011e6f-b3df-4a36-b286-eac157bc1a09","documentId":"open-science-source-03","id":"c280","text":"Member States should develop new participatory methods and validation techniques to incorporate and value inputs from social actors beyond the traditional scientific community, including through citizen science, crowdsource-based scientific projects, citizen involvement in community-owned archival institutions, and other forms of participatory science.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"Member States","subject":"participatory methods and validation techniques","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Developing new participatory methods and validation techniques to incorporate and value inputs from social actors beyond the traditional scientific community, including through citizen science, crowdsource-based scientific projects, citizen involvement in community-owned archival institutions, and other forms of participatory science.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-03/c281","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/38af4318377a420a","nativeRecordCid":"7cbc8083-69bf-45d5-8470-2fd04c8fb8b8","documentId":"open-science-source-03","id":"c281","text":"Member States should develop participatory strategies for identifying the needs of marginalized communities to be incorporated into the science, technology and innovation research agendas.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"Member States","subject":"needs of marginalized communities in STI agendas","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Developing participatory strategies for identifying the needs of marginalized communities and highlighting socially relevant issues to be incorporated into the science, technology and innovation (STI) research agendas.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-03/c282","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/3d77d544a7e14c31","nativeRecordCid":"40bc1114-2f7e-4d65-8bd6-e9996100f86b","documentId":"open-science-source-03","id":"c282","text":"Member States should develop participatory strategies for highlighting socially relevant issues to be incorporated into the science, technology and innovation research agendas.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"Member States","subject":"socially relevant issues in STI agendas","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Developing participatory strategies for identifying the needs of marginalized communities and highlighting socially relevant issues to be incorporated into the science, technology and innovation (STI) research agendas.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-03/c283","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/5d36acadb1ab4d16","nativeRecordCid":"a76c517c-1cf7-47c7-bc38-305409587eec","documentId":"open-science-source-03","id":"c283","text":"Member States should develop strategies that facilitate the deposit of data in archives in order to promote their curation and preservation and make them usable and reusable for the appropriate time period.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"Member States","subject":"deposit of data in archives","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Developing strategies that facilitate the deposit of data in archives in order to promote their curation and preservation and make them usable and reusable for the appropriate time period.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-03/c284","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/587273eedbb84568","nativeRecordCid":"01dae783-0ec6-4263-b89c-d89773deea67","documentId":"open-science-source-03","id":"c284","text":"Member States should promote the development of shared infrastructures for the collection, preservation and user-friendly access to open source software and source code.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"Member States","subject":"shared infrastructures for open source software","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Promoting the development of shared infrastructures for the collection, preservation and user-friendly access to open source software and source code.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-03/c285","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/8ec32492087e4230","nativeRecordCid":"c488a64a-e563-4460-a0b6-582e356019e7","documentId":"open-science-source-03","id":"c285","text":"Member States should support scientists and other societal actors in accumulating and using open data resources in a transdisciplinary mode to maximize scientific, social, economic and cultural benefits.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"Member States","subject":"transdisciplinary use of open data resources","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Supporting scientists and other societal actors in accumulating and using open data resources in a transdisciplinary mode to maximize scientific, social, economic and cultural benefits, and stimulate the creation of hybrid disciplinary collaborative spaces where scientists from different disciplines interact with software developers, coders, creatives, innovators, engineers and artists, among others.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-03/c286","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/f39c9cbe4449488e","nativeRecordCid":"085b7c85-23af-43a2-980c-64ec96565c23","documentId":"open-science-source-03","id":"c286","text":"Member States should stimulate the creation of hybrid disciplinary collaborative spaces where scientists from different disciplines interact with software developers, coders, creatives, innovators, engineers and artists.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"Member States","subject":"hybrid disciplinary collaborative spaces","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Supporting scientists and other societal actors in accumulating and using open data resources in a transdisciplinary mode to maximize scientific, social, economic and cultural benefits, and stimulate the creation of hybrid disciplinary collaborative spaces where scientists from different disciplines interact with software developers, coders, creatives, innovators, engineers and artists, among others.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-03/c287","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/36de8d9de0ad4288","nativeRecordCid":"37fc9b87-de7c-4cae-b3a1-535e98d2375b","documentId":"open-science-source-03","id":"c287","text":"Member States should encourage sharing, promote interoperability, and enhance open access of large-scale research infrastructures, such as international infrastructures in physics, astronomy and space science, as well as collaborative infrastructures in other fields, such as health and environmental and social sciences.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"Member States","subject":"large-scale research infrastructures","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Encouraging sharing, promoting interoperability, and enhancing open access of large-scale research infrastructures, such as international infrastructures in physics, astronomy and space science, as well as collaborative infrastructures in other fields, such as health and environmental and social sciences, among others.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-03/c288","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/f3f04579a8cd4b6a","nativeRecordCid":"204073df-bbc3-4213-a13a-4a7ce7a5f798","documentId":"open-science-source-03","id":"c288","text":"Member States should promote open innovation practices that connect the practices of open science to more rapid translation and development of its discoveries.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"Member States","subject":"open innovation practices","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Promoting open innovation practices that connect the practices of open science to more rapid translation and development of its discoveries.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-03/c289","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/dbd45093a0214a3a","nativeRecordCid":"d14b7f58-dec8-4b9b-a604-4f3e548dc1f2","documentId":"open-science-source-03","id":"c289","text":"Open innovation and other open science partnerships assume broad and effective engagement and participation in the innovation process.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"open innovation and open science partnerships","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Like open science, open innovation and other open science partnerships assume broad and effective engagement and participation in the innovation process as well as the discovery and development of a business model for effective commercialization of new knowledge.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-03/c290","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/df4be573cf2c4739","nativeRecordCid":"a9f47737-d0f7-4a9e-a8cd-a9ce42bf50a8","documentId":"open-science-source-03","id":"c290","text":"Open innovation and other open science partnerships assume the discovery and development of a business model for effective commercialization of new knowledge.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"open innovation and open science partnerships","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Like open science, open innovation and other open science partnerships assume broad and effective engagement and participation in the innovation process as well as the discovery and development of a business model for effective commercialization of new knowledge.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-03/c291","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/99ec29b18b004b8d","nativeRecordCid":"0c5fe692-c5a1-4b5c-a4d6-ddd26b571430","documentId":"open-science-source-03","id":"c291","text":"Member States should promote and reinforce international cooperation among all open science actors, whether on a bilateral or multilateral basis.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"Member States","subject":"international cooperation among open science actors","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"To foster open science globally, Member States should promote and reinforce international cooperation among all open science actors mentioned in paragraph 12 of this Recommendation, whether on a bilateral or multilateral basis.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-03/c292","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/42ae8d8790f84a4a","nativeRecordCid":"92d0c0b0-0fc0-4733-99c1-4f67dd9ff440","documentId":"open-science-source-03","id":"c292","text":"Ongoing efforts and activities in the context of open science have merits for the benefit of science and society.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"ongoing open science efforts and activities","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"While recognizing the merits of ongoing efforts and activities in the context of open science for the benefit of science and society, Member States are encouraged to consider the following:","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-03/c293","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/1505f67500c2471b","nativeRecordCid":"dedc5983-f719-46c2-968a-59da94f29d6f","documentId":"open-science-source-03","id":"c293","text":"Member States should encourage international scientific collaborations.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"Member States","subject":"international scientific collaborations","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Encouraging international scientific collaborations, as one of the integral practices of open science and the most important driving factor for an intensive exchange of scientific knowledge and experience, as well as the paramount for the openness of science.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-03/c294","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/c55f011c767b45f6","nativeRecordCid":"f98158bd-94f5-4f4e-a36b-725a67907822","documentId":"open-science-source-03","id":"c294","text":"International scientific collaboration is one of the integral practices of open science.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"international scientific collaboration","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Encouraging international scientific collaborations, as one of the integral practices of open science and the most important driving factor for an intensive exchange of scientific knowledge and experience, as well as the paramount for the openness of science.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-03/c295","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/32e59ae33c5843a7","nativeRecordCid":"ac81c9db-603d-43a3-a90a-bb28e395a571","documentId":"open-science-source-03","id":"c295","text":"International scientific collaboration is the most important driving factor for an intensive exchange of scientific knowledge and experience.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"international scientific collaboration","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Encouraging international scientific collaborations, as one of the integral practices of open science and the most important driving factor for an intensive exchange of scientific knowledge and experience, as well as the paramount for the openness of science.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-03/c296","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/2a008f33e7d344e2","nativeRecordCid":"086a5dff-ed12-4fb7-b205-1e0214a71398","documentId":"open-science-source-03","id":"c296","text":"International scientific collaboration is paramount for the openness of science.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"international scientific collaboration","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Encouraging international scientific collaborations, as one of the integral practices of open science and the most important driving factor for an intensive exchange of scientific knowledge and experience, as well as the paramount for the openness of science.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-03/c297","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/50d8ed7e48de4dfb","nativeRecordCid":"daec3063-7d01-4a20-8dad-f4d2119f0ac5","documentId":"open-science-source-03","id":"c297","text":"Member States should promote and stimulate cross-border multi-stakeholder collaboration on open science, including by leveraging existing transnational, regional and global collaboration mechanisms and organizations.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"Member States","subject":"cross-border multi-stakeholder collaboration","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Promoting and stimulating cross-border multi-stakeholder collaboration on open science, including by leveraging existing transnational, regional and global collaboration mechanisms and organizations.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-03/c298","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/40a74c3a54e5435f","nativeRecordCid":"21a4b720-8d11-49ea-8349-548a1833d54d","documentId":"open-science-source-03","id":"c298","text":"Cross-border multi-stakeholder collaboration on open science should include joining efforts towards universal access to the outputs of science, regardless of discipline, geography, gender, ethnicity, language or socio-economic circumstances or any other grounds.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"Member States","subject":"universal access to outputs of science","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"This should include joining efforts towards universal access to the outputs of science, regardless of discipline, geography, gender, ethnicity, language or socio-economic circumstances or any other grounds, development and use of shared open science infrastructures, as well as technical assistance and transfer of technology, capacity building, repositories, communities of practice and solidarity between all countries regardless of their state of open science development.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-03/c299","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/ce60d1c075d040c1","nativeRecordCid":"b749c46a-455c-46cf-b161-39794a98b52c","documentId":"open-science-source-03","id":"c299","text":"Cross-border multi-stakeholder collaboration on open science should include the development and use of shared open science infrastructures.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"Member States","subject":"shared open science infrastructures","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"This should include joining efforts towards universal access to the outputs of science, regardless of discipline, geography, gender, ethnicity, language or socio-economic circumstances or any other grounds, development and use of shared open science infrastructures, as well as technical assistance and transfer of technology, capacity building, repositories, communities of practice and solidarity between all countries regardless of their state of open science development.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-03/c300","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/de82980fcfc9432b","nativeRecordCid":"e284df3c-31c2-46f7-a444-12b56b865067","documentId":"open-science-source-03","id":"c300","text":"Cross-border multi-stakeholder collaboration on open science should include technical assistance and transfer of technology, capacity building, repositories, communities of practice and solidarity between all countries regardless of their state of open science development.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"Member States","subject":"technical assistance, capacity building and solidarity","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"This should include joining efforts towards universal access to the outputs of science, regardless of discipline, geography, gender, ethnicity, language or socio-economic circumstances or any other grounds, development and use of shared open science infrastructures, as well as technical assistance and transfer of technology, capacity building, repositories, communities of practice and solidarity between all countries regardless of their state of open science development.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-03/c301","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/8a22b90f4af34e48","nativeRecordCid":"f452e314-209c-41dc-835f-89529d2a5af3","documentId":"open-science-source-03","id":"c301","text":"Member States should establish regional and international funding mechanisms for promoting and strengthening open science.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"Member States","subject":"funding mechanisms for open science","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Establishing regional and international funding mechanisms for promoting and strengthening open science and identifying those mechanisms, including partnerships, which can support international, regional and national efforts.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-03/c302","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/aef8590fb3534408","nativeRecordCid":"f8f658b4-5eea-4a01-bcfb-9c7b7b9fe9c0","documentId":"open-science-source-03","id":"c302","text":"Member States should identify funding mechanisms, including partnerships, that can support international, regional and national efforts.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"Member States","subject":"funding mechanisms and partnerships","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Establishing regional and international funding mechanisms for promoting and strengthening open science and identifying those mechanisms, including partnerships, which can support international, regional and national efforts.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-03/c303","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/740d6cd8d988429a","nativeRecordCid":"9b365f81-d051-4407-ad0f-0237c63de6e2","documentId":"open-science-source-03","id":"c303","text":"Member States should support the creation and maintenance of effective collaborative networks to exchange best open science practices and lessons learned from the design, development and implementation of open science policies, initiatives and practices.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"Member States","subject":"collaborative networks for open science practices","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Supporting the creation and maintenance of effective collaborative networks to exchange best open science practices and lessons learned from the design, development and implementation of open science policies, initiatives and practices.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-03/c304","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/5db67300f23444ff","nativeRecordCid":"36ec9e53-14c2-47db-8f70-86d5ff854a99","documentId":"open-science-source-03","id":"c304","text":"Member States should promote cooperation among countries in capacity building for open science, including infrastructure development, software sustainability and data management and stewardship.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"Member States","subject":"cooperation in capacity building for open science","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Promoting cooperation among countries in capacity building for open science, including infrastructure development, software sustainability and data management and stewardship and to prevent the exploitation and misuse of open data across borders.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-03/c305","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/997af1a11b1c44fc","nativeRecordCid":"7d61306a-a508-4997-99bf-f4a751da4a2d","documentId":"open-science-source-03","id":"c305","text":"Member States should promote cooperation among countries to prevent the exploitation and misuse of open data across borders.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"Member States","subject":"preventing exploitation and misuse of open data","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Promoting cooperation among countries in capacity building for open science, including infrastructure development, software sustainability and data management and stewardship and to prevent the exploitation and misuse of open data across borders.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-03/c306","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/6d0918aeea6e4c7c","nativeRecordCid":"2d730430-0e64-4c78-abcb-e3878acc0cd8","documentId":"open-science-source-03","id":"c306","text":"Member States should promote international collaboration on metrics for open science.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"Member States","subject":"international collaboration on metrics","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Promoting international collaboration on metrics for open science.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-03/c307","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/38a8827b243141f4","nativeRecordCid":"718a35b7-d1d1-4e51-99d2-10181a84145d","documentId":"open-science-source-03","id":"c307","text":"UNESCO should coordinate, in consultation with Member States and relevant stakeholders, the development and adoption of a set of open science goals.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"UNESCO","subject":"open science goals","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Entrusting UNESCO with the mission to coordinate, in consultation with Member States and relevant stakeholders, the development and adoption of a set of open science goals, which will guide and stimulate international cooperation to advance open science for the benefit of humankind and planetary sustainability.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-03/c308","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/4f522aba7b96499b","nativeRecordCid":"d995cb9e-47c4-4667-8e81-9883872ccf7a","documentId":"open-science-source-03","id":"c308","text":"A set of open science goals will guide and stimulate international cooperation to advance open science for the benefit of humankind and planetary sustainability.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"a set of open science goals","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Entrusting UNESCO with the mission to coordinate, in consultation with Member States and relevant stakeholders, the development and adoption of a set of open science goals, which will guide and stimulate international cooperation to advance open science for the benefit of humankind and planetary sustainability.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-03/c309","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/3c90d3a61cf0453c","nativeRecordCid":"26f360f9-c385-4d82-9d3c-8c1cc6a56fe3","documentId":"open-science-source-03","id":"c309","text":"According to their specific conditions, governing structures and constitutional provisions, Member States should monitor policies and mechanisms related to open science using a combination of quantitative and qualitative approaches, as appropriate.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"Member States","subject":"monitoring open science policies and mechanisms","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Member States should, according to their specific conditions, governing structures and constitutional provisions, monitor policies and mechanisms related to open science using a combination of quantitative and qualitative approaches, as appropriate.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-03/c310","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/8f8481ab0af84932","nativeRecordCid":"4c500bf6-d12a-4fbf-8f01-710b63dc87d2","documentId":"open-science-source-03","id":"c310","text":"Member States should deploy appropriate monitoring and evaluation mechanisms to measure the effectiveness and efficiency of open science policies and incentives against defined objectives, including identifying unintended consequences and potential negative effects, especially on early-career researchers.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"Member States","subject":"monitoring and evaluation mechanisms for open science policies","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Deploying appropriate monitoring and evaluation mechanisms to measure the effectiveness and efficiency of open science policies and incentives against defined objectives, including the identification of unintended consequences and potential negative effects, especially on early-career researchers.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-03/c311","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/a245008e2a694a8a","nativeRecordCid":"0ca67913-3fb2-4994-a1a4-d7041e1c81a1","documentId":"open-science-source-03","id":"c311","text":"Member States should collect and disseminate progress, good practice, innovation and research reports on open science and its implications, with the support of UNESCO and with a multi-stakeholder approach.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"Member States","subject":"progress and good practice reports on open science","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Collecting and disseminating progress, good practice, innovation and research reports on open science and its implications, with the support of UNESCO and with a multi-stakeholder approach.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-03/c312","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/22943add254c4fdd","nativeRecordCid":"7f7d186a-efa9-4f90-bfb8-96df41aa51b9","documentId":"open-science-source-03","id":"c312","text":"Member States should consider developing a monitoring framework with qualitative and quantitative indicators, within national strategic plans and shared at the international level, with objectives and actions in the short, medium and long term for the implementation of the Recommendation.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"Member States","subject":"monitoring framework for open science","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Considering the development of a monitoring framework with qualitative and quantitative indicators, within national strategic plans and shared at the international level, with objectives and actions in the short, medium and long term for the implementation of the present Recommendation.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-03/c313","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/e5f66e7abab0463f","nativeRecordCid":"fa932ab0-8971-49b1-aab4-18b8f55bca4c","documentId":"open-science-source-03","id":"c313","text":"The monitoring of open science should be explicitly kept under public oversight, including the scientific community.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"","subject":"monitoring of open science","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The monitoring of open science should be explicitly kept under public oversight, including the scientific community, and whenever possible supported by open non-proprietary and transparent infrastructures.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-03/c314","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/61accba7c1d84304","nativeRecordCid":"ad18409b-2999-41c3-b199-e9c0d2130c48","documentId":"open-science-source-03","id":"c314","text":"The monitoring of open science should, whenever possible, be supported by open non-proprietary and transparent infrastructures.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"","subject":"monitoring of open science","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The monitoring of open science should be explicitly kept under public oversight, including the scientific community, and whenever possible supported by open non-proprietary and transparent infrastructures.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-03/c315","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/6dc14d1ed0db4d36","nativeRecordCid":"353260bf-fcdf-4ef9-bc68-c460e83d3d4f","documentId":"open-science-source-03","id":"c315","text":"Monitoring of open science should not be delegated to the private sector.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"","subject":"monitoring of open science","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"This monitoring aspect could include but should not be delegated to the private sector.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-03/c316","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/39582d4d76eb4e92","nativeRecordCid":"d1237820-ee86-4b1f-ac32-14b637521f65","documentId":"open-science-source-03","id":"c316","text":"Member States should develop strategies to monitor the effectiveness and long-term efficiency of open science, which include a multi-stakeholder participatory approach.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"Member States","subject":"strategies to monitor open science","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Developing strategies to monitor the effectiveness and long-term efficiency of open science, which include a multi-stakeholder participatory approach.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-03/c317","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/d731ef889c11499f","nativeRecordCid":"dc549db1-14bb-4eed-ba85-fa7a135975e0","documentId":"open-science-source-03","id":"c317","text":"Strategies to monitor the effectiveness and long-term efficiency of open science may focus on strengthening the nexus between science, policy and society.","kind":"normative","modality":"may","actor":"","subject":"strategies to monitor open science","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Such strategies could focus on strengthening the nexus between science, policy and society, increased transparency and accountability for inclusive and equitable quality research, which effectively responds to global challenges.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-03/c318","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/cfcd6daa751e4c5c","nativeRecordCid":"a4edeb37-6dca-434a-a037-0b992ab82f85","documentId":"open-science-source-03","id":"c318","text":"Strategies to monitor the effectiveness and long-term efficiency of open science may focus on increased transparency and accountability for inclusive and equitable quality research that effectively responds to global challenges.","kind":"normative","modality":"may","actor":"","subject":"strategies to monitor open science","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Such strategies could focus on strengthening the nexus between science, policy and society, increased transparency and accountability for inclusive and equitable quality research, which effectively responds to global challenges.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-03/c319","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/beff51331e2c4149","nativeRecordCid":"cf4570c8-2554-42c3-ac34-f2b3ab317b8f","documentId":"open-science-source-03","id":"c319","text":"UNESCO Recommendations are legal instruments in which the General Conference formulates principles and norms for the international regulation of a question and invites Member States to take whatever legislative or other steps may be required, in conformity with the constitutional practice of each State, to apply those principles and norms within their respective territories.","kind":"definitional","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"UNESCO Recommendations","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"UNESCO Recommendations are legal instruments in which “the General Conference formulates principles and norms for the international regulation of any particular question and invites Member States to take whatever legislative or other steps may be required in conformity with the constitutional practice of each State and the nature of the question under consideration to apply the principles and norms aforesaid within their respective territories”.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-03/c320","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/36c46440d87846b4","nativeRecordCid":"d7ca4747-7a5e-457f-a676-9895b30a12b4","documentId":"open-science-source-03","id":"c320","text":"UNESCO Recommendations, emanating from the Organization's supreme governing body, possess great authority.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"UNESCO Recommendations","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Emanating from the Organization's supreme governing body and hence possessing great authority, recommendations are intended to influence the development of national laws and practices.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-03/c321","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/1408ec151d494f7b","nativeRecordCid":"aec9c7c7-c4b1-40dc-9ef1-88df798cae50","documentId":"open-science-source-03","id":"c321","text":"UNESCO Recommendations are intended to influence the development of national laws and practices.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"UNESCO Recommendations","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Emanating from the Organization's supreme governing body and hence possessing great authority, recommendations are intended to influence the development of national laws and practices.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-03/c322","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/1370cfca550b4a55","nativeRecordCid":"8817ccc0-5802-4ab8-9ac9-c71c7dc6dfa8","documentId":"open-science-source-03","id":"c322","text":"Open science is a vital tool to improve the quality and accessibility of both scientific outputs and scientific process.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"open science","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The Recommendation affirms the importance of open science as a vital tool to improve the quality and accessibility of both scientific outputs and scientific process, to bridge the science, technology and innovation gaps between and within countries and to fulfill the human right of access to science.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-03/c323","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/8f3786874e5f4d14","nativeRecordCid":"8861c9f7-f030-45ad-be0d-84a5003234b9","documentId":"open-science-source-03","id":"c323","text":"Open science is a vital tool to bridge the science, technology and innovation gaps between and within countries.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"open science","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The Recommendation affirms the importance of open science as a vital tool to improve the quality and accessibility of both scientific outputs and scientific process, to bridge the science, technology and innovation gaps between and within countries and to fulfill the human right of access to science.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-03/c324","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/066616ccf0d34755","nativeRecordCid":"ea2ceeef-826a-4e7b-8b9b-eed000dd5b13","documentId":"open-science-source-03","id":"c324","text":"Open science is a vital tool to fulfill the human right of access to science.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"open science","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The Recommendation affirms the importance of open science as a vital tool to improve the quality and accessibility of both scientific outputs and scientific process, to bridge the science, technology and innovation gaps between and within countries and to fulfill the human right of access to science.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-04/c1","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/0514ab4768854f2a","nativeRecordCid":"4f690f65-ac3b-4279-9f3e-136ccd7dfdb6","documentId":"open-science-source-04","id":"c1","text":"Scholarly communication comprises the process of producing scholarly knowledge.","kind":"definitional","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"scholarly communication","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"By _scholarly communication_ we mean the processes of producing, reviewing, organising, disseminating and preserving scholarly knowledge[1]","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-04/c2","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/1bad4473686a43b2","nativeRecordCid":"22db3af4-3cdf-4a8e-a722-00aab53fefae","documentId":"open-science-source-04","id":"c2","text":"Scholarly communication comprises the process of reviewing scholarly knowledge.","kind":"definitional","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"scholarly communication","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"By _scholarly communication_ we mean the processes of producing, reviewing, organising, disseminating and preserving scholarly knowledge[1]","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-04/c3","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/09993916ccf74e56","nativeRecordCid":"25bc913b-f3bc-495d-b3f3-2092a3feb209","documentId":"open-science-source-04","id":"c3","text":"Scholarly communication comprises the process of organising scholarly knowledge.","kind":"definitional","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"scholarly communication","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"By _scholarly communication_ we mean the processes of producing, reviewing, organising, disseminating and preserving scholarly knowledge[1]","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-04/c4","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/9d883c3b7c8a4a5a","nativeRecordCid":"21ab85fc-56c4-472e-a413-ec2807c91f5b","documentId":"open-science-source-04","id":"c4","text":"Scholarly communication comprises the process of disseminating scholarly knowledge.","kind":"definitional","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"scholarly communication","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"By _scholarly communication_ we mean the processes of producing, reviewing, organising, disseminating and preserving scholarly knowledge[1]","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-04/c5","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/18f0ac9191d84084","nativeRecordCid":"f167765e-4816-45c2-a0c4-886396ba73c4","documentId":"open-science-source-04","id":"c5","text":"Scholarly communication comprises the process of preserving scholarly knowledge.","kind":"definitional","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"scholarly communication","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"By _scholarly communication_ we mean the processes of producing, reviewing, organising, disseminating and preserving scholarly knowledge[1]","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-04/c6","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/e5dce921b1144f38","nativeRecordCid":"5c5dbe29-559a-48a2-833e-733bb8016474","documentId":"open-science-source-04","id":"c6","text":"Scholarly communication concerns not only researchers but also society at large, including students, educators, policy makers, public administrators, funders, librarians, journalists, practitioners, publishers, public and private organisations, and interested citizens.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"scholarly communication","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Scholarly communication does not only concern researchers, but also society at large, especially students, educators, policy makers, public administrators, funders, librarians, journalists, practitioners, publishers, public and private organisations, and interested citizens.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-04/c7","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/8146970e47664122","nativeRecordCid":"7342c757-1a4b-4678-a04d-046116e12b94","documentId":"open-science-source-04","id":"c7","text":"There are considerable deficits in how scholarly knowledge is produced and disseminated.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"scholarly knowledge production and dissemination","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Like many of our peers, we hold the opinion that there are considerable deficits in how scholarly knowledge is produced and disseminated.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-04/c8","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/8a977c0de3e54de0","nativeRecordCid":"54b506d1-603e-4bce-b5c9-baa384aee893","documentId":"open-science-source-04","id":"c8","text":"The deficits in how scholarly knowledge is produced and disseminated must be addressed.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"","subject":"deficits in scholarly knowledge production","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"And like many of our peers, we think that the time has come to address these deficits.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-04/c9","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/b4af15c575304c44","nativeRecordCid":"3d235ee7-8eda-4105-a2a4-58219bbb89ce","documentId":"open-science-source-04","id":"c9","text":"Open Science has the potential to change the workings of the scholarly communication system for the better.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"Open Science","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"We believe that Open Science has the potential to change the workings of the scholarly communication system for the better – but we see openness as a means to an end.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-04/c10","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/7a429fa8a91c4914","nativeRecordCid":"d014662f-75e1-45c0-8eee-fdf4189cd4f6","documentId":"open-science-source-04","id":"c10","text":"Openness in scholarly communication is a means to an end, not an end in itself.","kind":"definitional","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"openness in scholarly communication","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"but we see openness as a means to an end.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-04/c11","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/212c212982f7419e","nativeRecordCid":"da365741-2143-4cd5-9a02-64660bd17076","documentId":"open-science-source-04","id":"c11","text":"Calls for openness in scholarly communication aim to achieve an underlying principle, such as accessibility or reusability.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"calls for openness in scholarly communication","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"When we call for openness in scholarly communication, we usually try to achieve an underlying principle, such as accessibility or reusability.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-04/c12","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/2798fa504f304d66","nativeRecordCid":"5f81fb57-354a-4fc4-9722-d2cead4d694c","documentId":"open-science-source-04","id":"c12","text":"Within the Open Science community there is no commonly agreed set of principles that describe the desired system of scholarly communication.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"Open Science community","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Within the Open Science community, however, there is no commonly agreed set of principles that describe the system of scholarly communication that we want to create.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-04/c13","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/ad4b036adde74cac","nativeRecordCid":"2246afeb-2bd5-4d13-b0ea-fbaeafd36d8a","documentId":"open-science-source-04","id":"c13","text":"There is a lot of discussion on what constitutes openness, how to achieve openness, and what steps to take next.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"discussion on openness","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"There is a lot of discussion on what constitutes openness, how to achieve openness and what steps to take next.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-04/c14","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/1d78f2bfdb284c0a","nativeRecordCid":"a93f88d8-dde3-4e0e-91e2-49baca3856c6","documentId":"open-science-source-04","id":"c14","text":"Many arguments in discussions about openness carry implicit assumptions about the structures of a future scholarly communication system.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"arguments about openness","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"In these discussions many of the arguments carry implicit assumptions about the structures of a future scholarly communication system.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-04/c15","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/a31342a089914f94","nativeRecordCid":"4f74eabb-6866-487c-9998-24bbc6f98415","documentId":"open-science-source-04","id":"c15","text":"Making assumptions about the structures of a future scholarly communication system explicit is needed to better guide the debate around Open Science.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"","subject":"making assumptions explicit","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"We think that making assumptions explicit is sorely needed to better guide the debate around Open Science.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-04/c16","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/81ff79f8efa5451d","nativeRecordCid":"0111b536-3e62-4e68-ac13-3d8310864fb0","documentId":"open-science-source-04","id":"c16","text":"A vision that answers the question 'what for?' would help to better convey the need for openness in scholarly communication to academia and society.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"vision for scholarly communication","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"We also think that a vision that answers the question “what for?” would help to better convey the need for openness in scholarly communication to academia and society.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-04/c17","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/992997c439214392","nativeRecordCid":"2318426e-d5c1-464e-92cf-7bfeda3b366c","documentId":"open-science-source-04","id":"c17","text":"Open Science is still a fuzzy concept for many.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"Open Science","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"After all, Open Science is still a fuzzy concept for many; grounding it in a set of widely shared principles would make it much more understandable.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-04/c18","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/a8bb10678fb943f7","nativeRecordCid":"949fbf88-702f-48f2-8779-36e04b197f92","documentId":"open-science-source-04","id":"c18","text":"Grounding Open Science in a set of widely shared principles would make it much more understandable.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"Open Science","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"After all, Open Science is still a fuzzy concept for many; grounding it in a set of widely shared principles would make it much more understandable.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-04/c19","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/28711598229c44cd","nativeRecordCid":"aae41422-c92b-4b90-83f3-368c92126703","documentId":"open-science-source-04","id":"c19","text":"Research results are often not publicly accessible even if they have been funded by the public.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"research results","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Research results are often not publicly accessible even if they have been funded by the public.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-04/c20","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/6d57db8005934b35","nativeRecordCid":"8a01f8b5-7750-404e-9582-b255d5e70ebb","documentId":"open-science-source-04","id":"c20","text":"Highly relevant research materials from publicly funded archives, museums, libraries and statistical inventories are either not available in digital form or inaccessible.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"research materials from public institutions","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Highly relevant research materials from publicly funded archives, museums, libraries and statistical inventories are either not available in digital form or inaccessible.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-04/c21","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/65b478276f6d48f7","nativeRecordCid":"1469aca1-ffcf-4e17-bd5d-97c4ed742d17","documentId":"open-science-source-04","id":"c21","text":"Restricted access to and delayed dissemination of scholarly results limit knowledge transfer to researchers and other members of society.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"restricted access and delayed dissemination","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Restricted access to and delayed dissemination of scholarly results limit knowledge transfer to researchers and other members of society.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-04/c22","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/32f23a870e2c42bc","nativeRecordCid":"e00483a5-38c4-45ba-81ff-379767b0b625","documentId":"open-science-source-04","id":"c22","text":"Production of scholarly knowledge often happens in a closed system that excludes expertise and experiences of scholars outside academia and other members of society.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"production of scholarly knowledge","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Production of scholarly knowledge often happens in a closed system excluding expertise and experiences of scholars outside academia and other members of society.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-04/c23","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/528fa34e6ac24be1","nativeRecordCid":"4f27216b-2df9-4f6f-8a3b-eac36ce2c84e","documentId":"open-science-source-04","id":"c23","text":"Production of scholarly knowledge in a closed system is detrimental to research.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"closed production of scholarly knowledge","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"This is detrimental to research and restrains innovation.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-04/c24","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/fc34b6e4cd82483e","nativeRecordCid":"4a48b577-247b-4caa-8696-048f1d76e7d1","documentId":"open-science-source-04","id":"c24","text":"Production of scholarly knowledge in a closed system restrains innovation.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"closed production of scholarly knowledge","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"This is detrimental to research and restrains innovation.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-04/c25","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/54ea605993664e0c","nativeRecordCid":"35be454d-6b84-4c3e-9e97-97b63a64bd24","documentId":"open-science-source-04","id":"c25","text":"Due to closed modes of communication, opportunities for collaboration among various actors remain unexploited.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"closed modes of communication","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Due to closed modes of communication, opportunities for collaboration among various actors remain unexploited.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-04/c26","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/5fd5e255d7914e2b","nativeRecordCid":"a9ee5df3-ed80-47a6-bef6-4f8ebe5daeb4","documentId":"open-science-source-04","id":"c26","text":"Research output is often communicated in a highly abstract domain-specific language, preventing knowledge dissemination to other research fields and to other members of society.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"research output communication","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Research output is often communicated in a highly abstract domain-specific language, preventing knowledge dissemination to other research fields and to other members of society.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-04/c27","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/51fbfa09fafe446a","nativeRecordCid":"9748a523-a4f7-43ed-ac2f-c796669d3a0a","documentId":"open-science-source-04","id":"c27","text":"The scholarly communication system is highly inefficient.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"scholarly communication system","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The scholarly communication system is highly inefficient and exceedingly expensive, albeit the emergence of electronic publishing, which greatly reduced printing and postal delivery costs, among others.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-04/c28","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/5f88deaa950a4c8a","nativeRecordCid":"5ee7409a-e35b-4209-8734-e73d5133404b","documentId":"open-science-source-04","id":"c28","text":"The scholarly communication system is exceedingly expensive.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"scholarly communication system","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The scholarly communication system is highly inefficient and exceedingly expensive, albeit the emergence of electronic publishing, which greatly reduced printing and postal delivery costs, among others.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-04/c29","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/d48b6ff702e14b69","nativeRecordCid":"86b14aa8-0a3d-4284-b7e9-693cb3193e84","documentId":"open-science-source-04","id":"c29","text":"The possibilities of digital technologies are currently not fully exploited in scholarly communication.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"digital technologies","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The possibilities of digital technologies are currently not fully exploited in scholarly communication.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-04/c30","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/6fb27950888e4a5e","nativeRecordCid":"88949609-db3d-4c09-b5cb-d10c9f0aee56","documentId":"open-science-source-04","id":"c30","text":"Traditional scholarly communication methods tend to prevail in many research disciplines despite the ever-growing tool and infrastructure landscape.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"traditional scholarly communication methods","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Despite the ever-growing tool and infrastructure landscape, traditional scholarly communication methods tend to prevail in many research disciplines.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-04/c31","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/f39e272e0eab46b3","nativeRecordCid":"84801bd3-54b9-4297-93e6-03a1c7b4d38c","documentId":"open-science-source-04","id":"c31","text":"Research output has grown exponentially over the last few centuries.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"research output","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Research output has grown exponentially over the last few centuries.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-04/c32","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/d2caf9c9e497417a","nativeRecordCid":"cdc27af2-4e74-47a0-a080-5d44bdc7a88b","documentId":"open-science-source-04","id":"c32","text":"The exponential growth of research output has led to an enormous increase in knowledge.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"growth of research output","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"This has led to an enormous increase in knowledge, but also to information overload.","representedInStars":false}
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{"key":"open-science-source-04/c34","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/60a8b86211df4576","nativeRecordCid":"4ced8ee6-b985-48b5-a00f-961aaef18b10","documentId":"open-science-source-04","id":"c34","text":"A lot of time is needlessly wasted on duplicated work.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"duplicated work","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"A lot of time is needlessly wasted on duplicated work.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-04/c35","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/209ceb174f9e4c33","nativeRecordCid":"6380cda1-1475-41fc-8685-abac5da49ed3","documentId":"open-science-source-04","id":"c35","text":"The peer review system is overloaded.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"peer review system","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The peer review system is overloaded and many research results are reviewed multiple times due to high rejection rates.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-04/c36","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/3b5a799a52b84768","nativeRecordCid":"a27a7242-f943-4507-8f98-668ed7bba1fe","documentId":"open-science-source-04","id":"c36","text":"Many research results are reviewed multiple times due to high rejection rates.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"research results review","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The peer review system is overloaded and many research results are reviewed multiple times due to high rejection rates.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-04/c37","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/3f9aad99de6647a1","nativeRecordCid":"830f772d-6f2f-4f27-8b93-46b60fb71aef","documentId":"open-science-source-04","id":"c37","text":"The majority of research results cannot be reproduced due to lack of underlying data, process instructions and context information.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"reproducibility of research results","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The majority of research results cannot be reproduced due to lack of underlying data, process instructions and context information.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-04/c38","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/69206df8913f4e95","nativeRecordCid":"57d9ca91-e1c2-40ef-aaba-219da1e2ff20","documentId":"open-science-source-04","id":"c38","text":"Adequate contextual information is often missing, making it difficult to determine whether a piece of research is credible and can be built upon.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"contextual information","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Adequate contextual information is often missing, making it difficult to determine whether a piece of research is credible and can be built upon.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-04/c39","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/c9a8918f39e444ba","nativeRecordCid":"0eb89c13-09d0-451e-8ff4-3be873a1e3b4","documentId":"open-science-source-04","id":"c39","text":"Peer review has a mighty filtering function.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"peer review","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Evaluation by peer review has a mighty filtering function but is often untransparent and potentially biased.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-04/c40","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/123c1f79b3834757","nativeRecordCid":"d46da665-3334-4f86-b15c-c4a0d50ca30f","documentId":"open-science-source-04","id":"c40","text":"Peer review is often untransparent.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"peer review","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Evaluation by peer review has a mighty filtering function but is often untransparent and potentially biased.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-04/c41","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/d82e63bd2d6d485b","nativeRecordCid":"5dfb6698-1546-49af-9d73-98a8fb5f26e2","documentId":"open-science-source-04","id":"c41","text":"Peer review is potentially biased.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"peer review","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Evaluation by peer review has a mighty filtering function but is often untransparent and potentially biased.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-04/c42","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/3ec423b65ee94803","nativeRecordCid":"3fc05d1b-3298-4fde-a03b-0472dac39114","documentId":"open-science-source-04","id":"c42","text":"There has been a rise in retractions as a result of flawed practices and (un)conscious wrongdoing.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"retractions","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"There has been a rise in retractions as a result of flawed practices, as well as (un)conscious wrongdoing.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-04/c43","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/313af1946c4944cf","nativeRecordCid":"672151b1-fa6a-42a4-af9c-0c47c4daddf3","documentId":"open-science-source-04","id":"c43","text":"Research products such as data, materials and source code often cannot be reused due to technical and legal restrictions.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"research products","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Research products (data, materials, source code, etc.) often cannot be reused due to technical and legal restrictions (e.g. copyright).","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-04/c44","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/cb43ae72b5ee47bc","nativeRecordCid":"3e3b7439-f053-461a-bae9-32bf470aa93e","documentId":"open-science-source-04","id":"c44","text":"Overly restrictive copyright transfer agreements impede knowledge circulation.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"copyright transfer agreements","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Overly restrictive copyright transfer agreements impede knowledge circulation, and contribute to an oligopoly of publishers and information service providers.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-04/c45","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/5f2f39ef53c940ae","nativeRecordCid":"5a24ddcc-7ccc-44a6-9c68-dbe05ab9b8a4","documentId":"open-science-source-04","id":"c45","text":"Overly restrictive copyright transfer agreements contribute to an oligopoly of publishers and information service providers.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"copyright transfer agreements","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Overly restrictive copyright transfer agreements impede knowledge circulation, and contribute to an oligopoly of publishers and information service providers.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-04/c46","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/5411d4059ba24a71","nativeRecordCid":"7994efce-feaf-48f4-93cf-046af05aa7bf","documentId":"open-science-source-04","id":"c46","text":"The quantity of research output is often valued over its quality.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"research output evaluation","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The quantity of research output is often valued over its quality.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-04/c47","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/31700715482e4e92","nativeRecordCid":"f622c8c1-506c-414c-9fe7-6e853c764c53","documentId":"open-science-source-04","id":"c47","text":"Scholars are incentivised to publish research results in small pieces.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"scholars","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Scholars are incentivised to publish research results in small pieces, which boosts the overall costs of academic publishing while impeding new, original research.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-04/c48","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/a25db10c98aa4dfe","nativeRecordCid":"d42d1f05-7cbb-484e-9816-068ffb7e3bd5","documentId":"open-science-source-04","id":"c48","text":"Publishing research results in small pieces boosts the overall costs of academic publishing.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"publishing research in small pieces","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Scholars are incentivised to publish research results in small pieces, which boosts the overall costs of academic publishing while impeding new, original research.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-04/c49","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/21987987040844d0","nativeRecordCid":"2e2550e0-85d4-47ee-a093-c5d4abe0a20c","documentId":"open-science-source-04","id":"c49","text":"Publishing research results in small pieces impedes new, original research.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"publishing research in small pieces","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Scholars are incentivised to publish research results in small pieces, which boosts the overall costs of academic publishing while impeding new, original research.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-04/c50","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/9102be8a9a5246dc","nativeRecordCid":"c6eb716e-e426-4ef5-89ad-081149cc98cb","documentId":"open-science-source-04","id":"c50","text":"Scholarly communication is constrained by current reward structures largely favouring publication of research results in renowned academic publishing venues.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"scholarly communication reward structures","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Scholarly communication is constrained by current reward structures largely favouring publication of research results in renowned academic publishing venues.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-04/c51","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/e5b69a428dc4467f","nativeRecordCid":"b91a790d-3afc-40c1-b9c1-164d13380085","documentId":"open-science-source-04","id":"c51","text":"Peer review is not adequately acknowledged as a scholarly activity.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"peer review","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Peer review is not adequately acknowledged as a scholarly activity although it enhances and ensures the quality of research output.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-04/c52","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/964a6ca646014c07","nativeRecordCid":"0a87b719-5654-46b4-bbc4-da3595c504d0","documentId":"open-science-source-04","id":"c52","text":"Peer review enhances and ensures the quality of research output.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"peer review","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Peer review is not adequately acknowledged as a scholarly activity although it enhances and ensures the quality of research output.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-04/c53","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/d3e7eefb7d2443ad","nativeRecordCid":"abf9ad4e-a85c-45d4-b1e7-8073876960ba","documentId":"open-science-source-04","id":"c53","text":"Scholarly communication should be immediately and openly accessible by anyone.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"scholarly communication","subject":"accessibility of scholarly communication","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"1. Accessibility: … be immediately and openly accessible by anyone.","representedInStars":true}
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{"key":"open-science-source-04/c125","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/05f9ae18942f414c","nativeRecordCid":"f593401b-9bca-4446-a34d-1deb4289118d","documentId":"open-science-source-04","id":"c125","text":"Adequate incentives should be provided to reward endeavours to publish better, rather than more.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"","subject":"incentives for publishing","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Adequate incentives should be provided to reward endeavours to publish better, rather than more.","representedInStars":true}
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{"key":"open-science-source-04/c133","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/eb8dbf9ac7cd4151","nativeRecordCid":"37beaf2c-47c4-44b0-a1ac-fa04d8517416","documentId":"open-science-source-04","id":"c133","text":"A system of scholarly communication should promote the reproduction of existing knowledge.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"system of scholarly communication","subject":"reproduction of existing knowledge","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Therefore, a system of scholarly communication should also promote the reproduction and continual validation of existing knowledge.","representedInStars":false}
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{"key":"open-science-source-04/c141","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/dc2dc04be7bb497b","nativeRecordCid":"29f8b14b-3afd-4323-8d37-56aa5513ba93","documentId":"open-science-source-04","id":"c141","text":"The Web's potentials for scholarly communication include ubiquitous and simultaneous availability of resources.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"the Web's potentials","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"These potentials include real-time exchange and dissemination, ubiquitous and simultaneous availability of resources, zero marginal cost for dissemination, new workflows, improved reusability of data and results, the ability to process huge volumes of data and new forms of presenting and visualising results.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-04/c142","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/6f78c01120684903","nativeRecordCid":"c7d7cab4-dbb7-4913-8570-15003f3dfc82","documentId":"open-science-source-04","id":"c142","text":"The Web's potentials for scholarly communication include zero marginal cost for dissemination.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"the Web's potentials","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"These potentials include real-time exchange and dissemination, ubiquitous and simultaneous availability of resources, zero marginal cost for dissemination, new workflows, improved reusability of data and results, the ability to process huge volumes of data and new forms of presenting and visualising results.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-04/c143","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/71ad920f4db34df4","nativeRecordCid":"9f98e523-3b33-4405-a232-565d37274e77","documentId":"open-science-source-04","id":"c143","text":"The Web's potentials for scholarly communication include new workflows.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"the Web's potentials","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"These potentials include real-time exchange and dissemination, ubiquitous and simultaneous availability of resources, zero marginal cost for dissemination, new workflows, improved reusability of data and results, the ability to process huge volumes of data and new forms of presenting and visualising results.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-04/c144","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/e7dfcc702cd44573","nativeRecordCid":"e72f81ec-e737-4bd3-9f4e-e21a772c1873","documentId":"open-science-source-04","id":"c144","text":"The Web's potentials for scholarly communication include improved reusability of data and results.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"the Web's potentials","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"These potentials include real-time exchange and dissemination, ubiquitous and simultaneous availability of resources, zero marginal cost for dissemination, new workflows, improved reusability of data and results, the ability to process huge volumes of data and new forms of presenting and visualising results.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-04/c145","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/02e1203027884c03","nativeRecordCid":"e6595a95-04b5-4a56-a58e-dd48dfed66d3","documentId":"open-science-source-04","id":"c145","text":"The Web's potentials for scholarly communication include the ability to process huge volumes of data.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"the Web's potentials","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"These potentials include real-time exchange and dissemination, ubiquitous and simultaneous availability of resources, zero marginal cost for dissemination, new workflows, improved reusability of data and results, the ability to process huge volumes of data and new forms of presenting and visualising results.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-04/c146","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/5e955829ee3e49f5","nativeRecordCid":"2d293a70-d44f-4643-8f5a-29d3e31df0d8","documentId":"open-science-source-04","id":"c146","text":"The Web's potentials for scholarly communication include new forms of presenting and visualising results.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"the Web's potentials","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"These potentials include real-time exchange and dissemination, ubiquitous and simultaneous availability of resources, zero marginal cost for dissemination, new workflows, improved reusability of data and results, the ability to process huge volumes of data and new forms of presenting and visualising results.","representedInStars":false}
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{"key":"open-science-source-04/c152","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/47cce66aa7d040ff","nativeRecordCid":"ebcf53ee-c925-4338-9264-3b9cfbbd1d93","documentId":"open-science-source-04","id":"c152","text":"No barriers should be established to restrict the use and reuse of research results.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"","subject":"use and reuse of research results","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Therefore, no barriers should be established to restrict the use and reuse of research results.","representedInStars":true}
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{"key":"open-science-source-04/c154","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/c5f3262c21ec4f81","nativeRecordCid":"2dbae287-ba10-45e1-83d6-3ebbbfa8e7bb","documentId":"open-science-source-04","id":"c154","text":"Scientific knowledge should be part of the knowledge commons.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"","subject":"scientific knowledge","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Scientific knowledge should be a public good and as such part of the knowledge commons, in order to enable everyone in society to benefit from this knowledge.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-05/c1","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/4a5123d583624958","nativeRecordCid":"8707950c-16cd-4fbc-b7c0-500135ce51c2","documentId":"open-science-source-05","id":"c1","text":"Vast amounts of information are used to manage the research enterprise, covering research actors and their activities, inputs and outputs in the research process, and signals of the use, esteem, and societal impact of research.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"research information used in the research enterprise","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Vast amounts of information are being used to manage the research enterprise, from information about research actors and their activities to information about inputs and outputs in the research process and signals of the use, esteem, and societal impact of research.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-05/c2","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/535f5f4801954e50","nativeRecordCid":"b173ade4-e1e8-46ed-8fdf-e487020e9a94","documentId":"open-science-source-05","id":"c2","text":"Research information often plays a vital role in the distribution of resources.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"research information","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"This information often plays a vital role in the distribution of resources and the evaluation of researchers and institutions.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-05/c3","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/23073f8a4af346fa","nativeRecordCid":"8767627b-9a11-4644-b184-0aadbee77682","documentId":"open-science-source-05","id":"c3","text":"Research information often plays a vital role in the evaluation of researchers and institutions.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"research information","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"This information often plays a vital role in the distribution of resources and the evaluation of researchers and institutions.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-05/c4","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/b6dddf3cdb0a4e56","nativeRecordCid":"c65d4c5e-5905-4c01-987d-04450a3dcf5d","documentId":"open-science-source-05","id":"c4","text":"Research performing and research funding organizations use research information to set strategic priorities.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"research performing and funding organizations","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Research performing and research funding organizations use this information to set strategic priorities.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-05/c5","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/739b193ca5e44f4f","nativeRecordCid":"d1dc454e-0e73-4555-b6b8-b7740137a114","documentId":"open-science-source-05","id":"c5","text":"Research information is indispensable for researchers and societal stakeholders to find and assess relevant research outputs.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"research information","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The information is also indispensable for researchers and societal stakeholders to find and assess relevant research outputs.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-05/c6","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/65f18a50f5434898","nativeRecordCid":"b40c788d-2b20-46b1-a4d0-803edc6514ad","documentId":"open-science-source-05","id":"c6","text":"A large share of all research information is locked inside proprietary infrastructures.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"research information","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"However, a large share of all research information is locked inside proprietary infrastructures.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-05/c7","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/afe344ce0ad8451c","nativeRecordCid":"545f7867-45ce-4371-a08a-09415f6d547e","documentId":"open-science-source-05","id":"c7","text":"Proprietary infrastructures that manage research information are run by companies that are accountable primarily to their shareholders, not to the research community.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"proprietary infrastructures managing research information","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"It is managed by companies that are accountable primarily to their shareholders, not to the research community.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-05/c8","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/d11f753a6907443d","nativeRecordCid":"f439a3e8-5ccc-4a9d-acac-03774c2f0ed9","documentId":"open-science-source-05","id":"c8","text":"The research community has become strongly reliant on closed infrastructures.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"research community","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"As research community, we have become strongly reliant on closed infrastructures.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-05/c9","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/46699b64a75348a4","nativeRecordCid":"6b095004-1ae3-4344-a648-e334fe893d51","documentId":"open-science-source-05","id":"c9","text":"The research community has ended up assessing researchers and institutions based on non-transparent evidence.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"research community","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"We have ended up assessing researchers and institutions based on non-transparent evidence.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-05/c10","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/5be2c785fe264432","nativeRecordCid":"c07c5464-be83-4997-9bac-03f4e7ff82cf","documentId":"open-science-source-05","id":"c10","text":"The research community monitors and incentivizes open science using closed data.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"research community","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"We are monitoring and incentivizing open science using closed data.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-05/c11","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/1552af3b8f2543f9","nativeRecordCid":"9a75c7cb-3098-4e81-9051-330fc4e35246","documentId":"open-science-source-05","id":"c11","text":"The research community routinely makes decisions based on information that is biased against less privileged languages, geographical regions, and research agendas.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"research community","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"We are also routinely making decisions based on information that is biased against less privileged languages, geographical regions, and research agendas.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-05/c12","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/01e9f1baba6049a8","nativeRecordCid":"d9284762-a954-4a8a-b64d-9e09a1f53377","documentId":"open-science-source-05","id":"c12","text":"To advance responsible research assessment and open science and to promote unbiased high-quality decision making, research information must be made openly available through open scholarly infrastructures.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"","subject":"research information","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"To advance responsible research assessment and open science and to promote unbiased high-quality decision making, there is an urgent need to make research information openly available through open scholarly infrastructures.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-05/c13","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/d8de0f1187b24f95","nativeRecordCid":"41b9b138-151d-4032-9b60-6ef7b346d0ba","documentId":"open-science-source-05","id":"c13","text":"Openness of research information must be the new norm.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"","subject":"openness of research information","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Openness of research information must be the new norm.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-05/c14","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/9ccb52e9e2d04a52","nativeRecordCid":"58b77209-8c64-4e66-9196-680f69057e94","documentId":"open-science-source-05","id":"c14","text":"The research information landscape must undergo fundamental change.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"","subject":"research information landscape","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"We, the undersigned, believe that the research information landscape requires fundamental change.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-05/c15","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/790a1ccdaab64dad","nativeRecordCid":"a7fbed58-26a8-41cb-989c-f52345da649e","documentId":"open-science-source-05","id":"c15","text":"Research information should be as open as possible and as closed as necessary.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"organizations that carry out, fund, and evaluate research","subject":"research information produced by signatories","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Openness will be the norm for the research information we produce, for instance information about our activities and outputs, with an exception for information for which openness would be inappropriate (‘as open as possible, as closed as necessary’).","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-05/c16","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/8a64dd0b41824b56","nativeRecordCid":"609c3179-cf1c-4fb6-aaed-d73e3eb31a33","documentId":"open-science-source-05","id":"c16","text":"Research information generated in publication processes should be made openly available through open scholarly infrastructures, using standard protocols and identifiers where available.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"publishing services and platforms","subject":"research information generated in publication processes","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"For publishing services and platforms, we will require that research information generated in publication processes (e.g., metadata of research articles and other outputs) be made openly available through open scholarly infrastructures, using standard protocols and identifiers where available.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-05/c17","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/bfc53a8b2fac4482","nativeRecordCid":"2eff46b2-8b9a-45ef-a2b9-473163bd6261","documentId":"open-science-source-05","id":"c17","text":"All relevant research information should be able to be exported and made open, using standard protocols and identifiers where available.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"systems and platforms for internal management of research information","subject":"relevant research information","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"For systems and platforms for the internal management of research information (e.g., current research information systems), we will require that all relevant research information can be exported and made open, using standard protocols and identifiers where available.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-05/c18","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/650148b428614566","nativeRecordCid":"3bdd1d42-159f-4ce6-87b9-60aad541cd23","documentId":"open-science-source-05","id":"c18","text":"Infrastructures for open research information should implement good practices for community governance and sustainability.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"infrastructures for open research information","subject":"infrastructures for open research information","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"We expect the infrastructures that we support to implement good practices for community governance and sustainability (e.g., Principles of Open Scholarly Infrastructure).","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-05/c19","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/831e5634b26543a6","nativeRecordCid":"5038db4f-6b50-4c30-b897-65d7319c5cb0","documentId":"open-science-source-05","id":"c19","text":"Sharing experiences and coordinating action are important to promote a system-wide transition from closed to open research information.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"sharing experiences and coordinating action","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"We recognize the importance of sharing experiences and coordinating action to promote a system-wide transition from closed to open research information.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-05/c20","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/2f1054ac61b14796","nativeRecordCid":"382368e3-1c01-425a-8742-87204d639a73","documentId":"open-science-source-05","id":"c20","text":"Decision making in science is too often based on closed research information.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"decision making in science","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Too often, decision making in science is based on closed research information.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-05/c21","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/18a694433f3e4889","nativeRecordCid":"89bc3f08-3f6f-40c6-bdf2-8c7e991f7feb","documentId":"open-science-source-05","id":"c21","text":"Research information is locked inside proprietary infrastructures run by for-profit providers.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"research information","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Information is locked inside proprietary infrastructures run by for-profit providers that impose severe restrictions on the use and reuse of the information.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-05/c22","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/9c8df6fae7184c14","nativeRecordCid":"612c4faf-73f6-4047-91ad-9ddaa0011899","documentId":"open-science-source-05","id":"c22","text":"Proprietary infrastructures run by for-profit providers impose severe restrictions on the use and reuse of research information.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"proprietary infrastructures run by for-profit providers","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Information is locked inside proprietary infrastructures run by for-profit providers that impose severe restrictions on the use and reuse of the information.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-05/c23","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/aafca6c7b76d46e0","nativeRecordCid":"602b4fd3-07bb-471f-8e8a-e792f7876ae5","documentId":"open-science-source-05","id":"c23","text":"Errors, gaps, and biases in closed research information are difficult to expose and even more difficult to fix.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"errors, gaps, and biases in closed research information","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Errors, gaps, and biases in closed research information are difficult to expose and even more difficult to fix.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-05/c24","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/f274429adc6d4de9","nativeRecordCid":"b711aca4-b8bf-4d1f-ae23-4592083e66f6","documentId":"open-science-source-05","id":"c24","text":"Indicators and analytics derived from closed research information lack transparency and reproducibility.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"indicators and analytics from closed research information","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Indicators and analytics derived from this information lack transparency and reproducibility.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-05/c25","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/4d549958692e4aaf","nativeRecordCid":"f14f98bd-dd06-4fbc-a63a-aca322fd3587","documentId":"open-science-source-05","id":"c25","text":"Decisions about the careers of researchers, about the future of research organizations, and ultimately about the way science serves the whole of humanity depend on black-box indicators and analytics.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"decisions about researchers, organizations, and science's role","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Decisions about the careers of researchers, about the future of research organizations, and ultimately about the way science serves the whole of humanity, depend on these black-box indicators and analytics.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-05/c26","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/967b71b24a2b48b0","nativeRecordCid":"1d2767d3-f1b8-430e-89da-6e9800f9d38b","documentId":"open-science-source-05","id":"c26","text":"Without open research information, it is difficult, if not impossible, to scrutinize black-box indicators and analytics.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"scrutiny of black-box indicators and analytics","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Without open research information, it is difficult, if not impossible, to scrutinize these indicators and analytics and to have an informed debate about their strengths and weaknesses.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-05/c27","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/9508d19b629b40fe","nativeRecordCid":"e6952bf2-db0e-4334-a8b8-11859b435f52","documentId":"open-science-source-05","id":"c27","text":"Without open research information, it is difficult, if not impossible, to have an informed debate about the strengths and weaknesses of black-box indicators and analytics.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"informed debate about indicators and analytics","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Without open research information, it is difficult, if not impossible, to scrutinize these indicators and analytics and to have an informed debate about their strengths and weaknesses.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-05/c28","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/00738eb7f8e34475","nativeRecordCid":"86d3410b-0191-480a-91b7-6c4fd09005f2","documentId":"open-science-source-05","id":"c28","text":"Basic standards of accountability cannot be met.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"accountability standards","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Basic standards of accountability cannot be met, and academic sovereignty is at risk.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-05/c29","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/c539265199614dfc","nativeRecordCid":"76a10a10-5ded-4731-89f2-5c0cbf763ff7","documentId":"open-science-source-05","id":"c29","text":"Academic sovereignty is at risk.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"academic sovereignty","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Basic standards of accountability cannot be met, and academic sovereignty is at risk.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-05/c30","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/adc95049929e4c43","nativeRecordCid":"8a3baa2d-2892-4874-8128-cd6c3aac12fb","documentId":"open-science-source-05","id":"c30","text":"There are many closed research information infrastructures.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"closed research information infrastructures","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"There are many closed research information infrastructures.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-05/c31","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/fc68e09d65d641c1","nativeRecordCid":"2bdfa7f8-921d-48ab-b169-554be6f93eda","documentId":"open-science-source-05","id":"c31","text":"The Web of Science and Scopus databases play an important role in research assessment and resource allocation in many countries.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"Web of Science and Scopus databases","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Well-known examples are the Web of Science and Scopus databases, which play an important role in research assessment and resource allocation in many countries.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-05/c32","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/2634abc62bc14425","nativeRecordCid":"795b21e0-2e22-4b6f-9eda-537ee885e334","documentId":"open-science-source-05","id":"c32","text":"The Web of Science and Scopus databases provide metadata for scientific publications.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"Web of Science and Scopus databases","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"These databases provide metadata for scientific publications (e.g., title, abstract, journal, authors, author affiliations, funders, etc.), but they impose severe restrictions on the use of this metadata and make the metadata available only to organizations that pay hefty subscription fees.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-05/c33","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/6baafd1fa2a4462a","nativeRecordCid":"58d81334-339f-4d83-9985-bc9d424269ab","documentId":"open-science-source-05","id":"c33","text":"The Web of Science and Scopus databases impose severe restrictions on the use of their metadata.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"Web of Science and Scopus databases","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"These databases provide metadata for scientific publications (e.g., title, abstract, journal, authors, author affiliations, funders, etc.), but they impose severe restrictions on the use of this metadata and make the metadata available only to organizations that pay hefty subscription fees.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-05/c34","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/59877400e1b346c6","nativeRecordCid":"45834c44-6d5d-4e3a-b4fc-f762584cdbdb","documentId":"open-science-source-05","id":"c34","text":"The Web of Science and Scopus databases make their metadata available only to organizations that pay hefty subscription fees.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"Web of Science and Scopus databases","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"These databases provide metadata for scientific publications (e.g., title, abstract, journal, authors, author affiliations, funders, etc.), but they impose severe restrictions on the use of this metadata and make the metadata available only to organizations that pay hefty subscription fees.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-05/c35","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/cd4f6219c5b742e2","nativeRecordCid":"722d2a63-48dd-4cdf-b52a-d0fd7a1e56d6","documentId":"open-science-source-05","id":"c35","text":"Indicators and analytics based on databases such as Web of Science and Scopus lack transparency and reproducibility.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"indicators and analytics based on closed databases","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Indicators and analytics based on these databases (e.g., publication and citation statistics, journal impact factors, university rankings, etc.) lack transparency and reproducibility.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-05/c36","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/7e1c7efbd17447d0","nativeRecordCid":"aa7130cd-cd33-4b8e-977b-58513cecf83c","documentId":"open-science-source-05","id":"c36","text":"Decision making in science is increasingly guided by indicators and analytics.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"decision making in science","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"At a time when decision making in science is increasingly guided by indicators and analytics, addressing the problems of closed research information must be a top priority.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-05/c37","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/031a77810ec44d5e","nativeRecordCid":"4b46f2a6-d49c-40e9-ac1a-a26055e00023","documentId":"open-science-source-05","id":"c37","text":"Addressing the problems of closed research information must be a top priority.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"","subject":"problems of closed research information","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"At a time when decision making in science is increasingly guided by indicators and analytics, addressing the problems of closed research information must be a top priority.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-05/c38","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/0e700b54ed7d425a","nativeRecordCid":"ea867a06-54b1-4863-850d-1caf69e242c7","documentId":"open-science-source-05","id":"c38","text":"Decisions should be informed by open research information.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"","subject":"decisions","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Decisions should be informed by open research information: information that is free to access, without restrictions on how it can be used and reused.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-05/c39","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/f71a6a60a205494a","nativeRecordCid":"0cde1443-eab0-4aca-81c8-c224065eb8d3","documentId":"open-science-source-05","id":"c39","text":"To enable linking of information from different sources, open research information should make use of persistent identifiers such as DOIs, ORCIDs, and ROR IDs to reference research outputs, researchers, research organizations, and other entities.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"","subject":"open research information","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"To enable linking of information from different sources, open research information should make use of persistent identifiers such as DOIs (Digital Object Identifiers), ORCIDs (Open Researcher and Contributor IDs), and ROR (Research Organization Registry) IDs to reference research outputs, researchers, research organizations, and other entities.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-05/c40","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/88ad0aeb0c5b4777","nativeRecordCid":"bf042b1d-7e2f-49a5-a3d3-4c1e0cbd61c9","documentId":"open-science-source-05","id":"c40","text":"Infrastructures for open research information should be governed by relevant stakeholders in the academic community.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"","subject":"infrastructures for open research information","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Infrastructures for open research information should be governed by relevant stakeholders in the academic community.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-05/c41","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/116df90d1bad458e","nativeRecordCid":"a6aef859-15ad-4c38-a269-939d99525b04","documentId":"open-science-source-05","id":"c41","text":"Openness of research information ensures that all stakeholders have full access to information that is of relevance to them.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"openness of research information","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Openness of research information ensures that all stakeholders have full access to information that is of relevance to them.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-05/c42","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/618c8ea601c24cf3","nativeRecordCid":"6c42b7b6-c56c-4dbe-83bd-a1ab5c14819c","documentId":"open-science-source-05","id":"c42","text":"Openness of research information is vital for high-quality decision making in science.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"openness of research information","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"This is vital for high-quality decision making in science.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-05/c43","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/6fbebf1b1e914fd2","nativeRecordCid":"559507fe-3d6b-48b9-89d0-7333113aa461","documentId":"open-science-source-05","id":"c43","text":"Openness of research information enables information from different sources to be linked and integrated.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"openness of research information","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"It also enables information from different sources to be linked and integrated, so that decision making can take full advantage of all available information and can be based on a diversity of perspectives and an inclusive understanding of the issues at stake.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-05/c44","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/be5f0224ac954391","nativeRecordCid":"6ccff542-ad2d-4f6b-9e6f-4ff2b4b55973","documentId":"open-science-source-05","id":"c44","text":"Openness of research information enables decision making to take full advantage of all available information.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"openness of research information","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"It also enables information from different sources to be linked and integrated, so that decision making can take full advantage of all available information and can be based on a diversity of perspectives and an inclusive understanding of the issues at stake.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-05/c45","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/bd14ca97eb514f57","nativeRecordCid":"751a8c5d-dec0-402f-8c84-b1d173db44e2","documentId":"open-science-source-05","id":"c45","text":"Openness of research information enables decision making to be based on a diversity of perspectives and an inclusive understanding of the issues at stake.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"openness of research information","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"It also enables information from different sources to be linked and integrated, so that decision making can take full advantage of all available information and can be based on a diversity of perspectives and an inclusive understanding of the issues at stake.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-05/c46","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/338d89f0f1844759","nativeRecordCid":"c067d3c8-1369-4601-9a6c-75f175732b49","documentId":"open-science-source-05","id":"c46","text":"When researchers or research organizations perform additional data curation, the enriched information resulting from this can again be shared openly, enabling everyone to benefit from it.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"data curation and open sharing","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"In addition, when researchers or research organizations perform additional data curation, the enriched information resulting from this can again be shared openly, enabling everyone to benefit from it.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-05/c47","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/b61b2147923c455a","nativeRecordCid":"8338394c-81f8-42b3-9bfd-8dad9b4cacaf","documentId":"open-science-source-05","id":"c47","text":"In a research assessment context, openness of research information guarantees that both those performing an assessment and those being assessed have access to all evidence considered in the assessment, offering the transparency and accountability that are crucial to foster responsible assessment practices.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"openness of research information in assessment","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"In a research assessment context, openness of research information guarantees that not only those performing an assessment but also those being assessed have access to all ‘evidence’ considered in the assessment, offering the transparency and accountability that are crucial to foster responsible assessment practices.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-05/c48","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/12fc091b86944716","nativeRecordCid":"734cc4ea-55e9-4bec-9b52-e4a4f2b14883","documentId":"open-science-source-05","id":"c48","text":"The importance of openness of research information is widely recognized, including by the research assessment reform movement.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"importance of openness of research information","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The importance of openness of research information is widely recognized, for instance by the research assessment reform movement.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-05/c49","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/3f601163c2ab4dae","nativeRecordCid":"f6982047-d8a5-4155-9cd3-1ffb7456f58a","documentId":"open-science-source-05","id":"c49","text":"The FAIR principles have played a crucial role in advancing the availability of open metadata for research data.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"FAIR principles","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Likewise, the FAIR (Findability, Accessibility, Interoperability,\n\n[Image omitted from text extraction]\n1\n\nand Reusability) principles have played a crucial role in advancing the availability of open metadata for research data.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-05/c50","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/d978f607fae5494e","nativeRecordCid":"1b8c9a0d-bc62-49f4-bb6e-c22b585386e4","documentId":"open-science-source-05","id":"c50","text":"A growing number of infrastructures for open research information have adopted the Principles of Open Scholarly Infrastructure.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"infrastructures for open research information","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"A growing number of infrastructures for open research information have also adopted the Principles of Open Scholarly Infrastructure.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-05/c51","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/10c8003f112d4ec7","nativeRecordCid":"fa97fd2f-286a-49ca-82f5-678f6dd98ae8","documentId":"open-science-source-05","id":"c51","text":"Openness of research information, and specifically of publication metadata, has been promoted by the Initiative for Open Citations, the Initiative for Open Abstracts, and the Metadata 2020 initiative.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"openness of research information / publication metadata","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Openness of research information, and specifically of publication metadata, has also been promoted by the Initiative for Open Citations (I4OC) and the Initiative for Open Abstracts (I4OA) as well as the Metadata 20/20 initiative.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-05/c52","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/3f767be99738442d","nativeRecordCid":"02e67ea2-92d5-470d-adb2-724d9dc7be8b","documentId":"open-science-source-05","id":"c52","text":"The academic community in the Netherlands has developed guiding principles for open research information.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"academic community in the Netherlands","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"In line with this recommendation, the academic community in the Netherlands has developed guiding principles for open research information.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-05/c53","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/9d218de0778540bd","nativeRecordCid":"afd49db0-94d1-4ff1-86b0-7cf83a52fcff","documentId":"open-science-source-05","id":"c53","text":"Research information is increasingly made openly available.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"research information","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Supported by the above developments, research information is increasingly made openly available.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-05/c54","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/cdc85f60b6a54c74","nativeRecordCid":"299df192-b03f-48c1-8719-e003eb3f036a","documentId":"open-science-source-05","id":"c54","text":"A number of open research information infrastructures offer alternatives to closed databases.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"open research information infrastructures","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"A number of open research information infrastructures for instance offer alternatives to closed databases.","representedInStars":true}
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{"key":"open-science-source-05/c77","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/058651f545194b86","nativeRecordCid":"6b5a26f3-2eaf-4ebb-9738-4cdddae0131a","documentId":"open-science-source-05","id":"c77","text":"Whether to make aggregated forms of privacy-implicating research information open should be assessed on a case-by-case basis in the context of relevant regulations and legal requirements.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"","subject":"opening of privacy-implicating research information","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"However, this should be assessed on a case by case basis in the context of relevant regulations and legal requirements.","representedInStars":true}
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{"key":"open-science-source-05/c82","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/d3a20ea75125410a","nativeRecordCid":"204a2daa-5006-4318-a0e6-0ace20394925","documentId":"open-science-source-05","id":"c82","text":"Publishing may also include the release of creative works, including sculpture, visual art, film or video, or other artifacts, where they are intended to represent or communicate the results of a research process.","kind":"definitional","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"publishing","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"It may also include the release of creative works, including sculpture, visual art, film or video, or other artifacts, where they are intended to represent or communicate the results of a research process.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-05/c83","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/108ffa40d0d64651","nativeRecordCid":"158b8b6a-520f-48e8-b4de-afca23b66557","documentId":"open-science-source-05","id":"c83","text":"Publishing includes cases where the audience is limited, for instance where access is limited to subscribers.","kind":"definitional","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"publishing","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"It is intended that the meaning of _publishing_ includes cases where the audience is limited, for instance where access is limited to subscribers, but does not include private and confidential reports or other documents that are not intended for general circulation.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-05/c84","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/40d0d62189774bc0","nativeRecordCid":"f95abe16-9520-405f-83a4-6d6791bcf36f","documentId":"open-science-source-05","id":"c84","text":"Publishing does not include private and confidential reports or other documents that are not intended for general circulation.","kind":"definitional","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"publishing","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"It is intended that the meaning of _publishing_ includes cases where the audience is limited, for instance where access is limited to subscribers, but does not include private and confidential reports or other documents that are not intended for general circulation.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-05/c85","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/6e3d5664f2994fd1","nativeRecordCid":"44d7d098-2e62-48db-9cc4-1ce3c068ae96","documentId":"open-science-source-05","id":"c85","text":"Publishing is separate from archival.","kind":"definitional","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"publishing","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Publishing is separate to _archival_ , where the intent is long term preservation.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-05/c86","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/2140f22263de4038","nativeRecordCid":"a86b3c9a-fdb7-4d55-9897-ac238f38115b","documentId":"open-science-source-05","id":"c86","text":"Archival is intended for long-term preservation.","kind":"definitional","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"archival","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Publishing is separate to _archival_ , where the intent is long term preservation.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-05/c87","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/f97956693f5f41ff","nativeRecordCid":"5be2a0fc-66c7-4619-a30e-6513cd3a40f9","documentId":"open-science-source-05","id":"c87","text":"Some, but not all, publishing platforms also support archival through the publishing process.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"publishing platforms","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Some, but not all, publishing platforms also support archival through the publishing process.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-05/c88","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/bd5ee0ed31794341","nativeRecordCid":"6d90833c-e774-4c3c-a7f1-9bc65632b1d9","documentId":"open-science-source-05","id":"c88","text":"Scholarly infrastructures refers to infrastructures through which research information is shared.","kind":"definitional","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"scholarly infrastructures","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"By _scholarly infrastructures_ we mean infrastructures through which research information is shared.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-05/c89","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/f38d0f5f32bf4289","nativeRecordCid":"0b75b8b6-cca2-456e-9a87-4f7b073a6aab","documentId":"open-science-source-05","id":"c89","text":"A precise definition of infrastructures is challenging.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"definition of infrastructures","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"A precise definition of infrastructures is challenging.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-05/c90","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/ba1e52c98b39414a","nativeRecordCid":"9307492f-76ed-48f0-88e5-d090e2d5791c","documentId":"open-science-source-05","id":"c90","text":"A key characteristic of infrastructures is that they are foundational.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"infrastructures","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"A key characteristic of infrastructures is that they are foundational.","representedInStars":true}
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{"key":"open-science-source-05/c100","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/4768120138a64591","nativeRecordCid":"e85fe4a7-a0f2-406c-8af7-a920172d32e4","documentId":"open-science-source-05","id":"c100","text":"A commitment to adhere to the Principles of Open Scholarly Infrastructure, with regular updates on performance and improvements, provides a means by which a scholarly infrastructure can provide assurances to the community that it qualifies for the level of trust accorded to an open scholarly infrastructure.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"commitment to POSI with regular updates","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"A commitment to adhere to the Principles of Open Scholarly Infrastructure (POSI), with regular updates on performance and improvements, provides a means by which a scholarly infrastructure can provide assurances to the community that it qualifies for the level of trust accorded to an open scholarly infrastructure.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-06/c1","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/d1667d7905c64e24","nativeRecordCid":"f47b4ad2-e3ba-411a-a114-24873ea54432","documentId":"open-science-source-06","id":"c1","text":"The dissemination of knowledge derived from research and scholarship has a fundamental impact on the ways in which society develops and progresses.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"dissemination of research knowledge","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The dissemination of knowledge derived from research and scholarship has a fundamental impact on the ways in which society develops and progresses, and at the same time it feeds back to improve subsequent research and scholarship.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-06/c2","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/74677604dbec479b","nativeRecordCid":"2173e467-59c9-4e5c-bd40-744352ca149f","documentId":"open-science-source-06","id":"c2","text":"The dissemination of knowledge derived from research and scholarship feeds back to improve subsequent research and scholarship.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"dissemination of research knowledge","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The dissemination of knowledge derived from research and scholarship has a fundamental impact on the ways in which society develops and progresses, and at the same time it feeds back to improve subsequent research and scholarship.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-06/c3","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/ff77c063ed1245a7","nativeRecordCid":"80d22557-8d1c-4c5e-8ed9-fa0374b08ee7","documentId":"open-science-source-06","id":"c3","text":"The internet, as in so many other areas of human activity, is changing the way things work in scholarly communication.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"the internet","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Here, as in so many other areas of human activity, the internet is changing the way things work; two decades of emergent and increasingly pervasive information technology have demonstrated the potential for far more effective scholarly communication.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-06/c4","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/3a08a47da52d419b","nativeRecordCid":"1dd28a79-0f6e-4425-b23c-d491a3202c8f","documentId":"open-science-source-06","id":"c4","text":"Two decades of emergent and increasingly pervasive information technology have demonstrated the potential for far more effective scholarly communication.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"information technology","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Here, as in so many other areas of human activity, the internet is changing the way things work; two decades of emergent and increasingly pervasive information technology have demonstrated the potential for far more effective scholarly communication.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-06/c5","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/c1e942524a0e4746","nativeRecordCid":"fd762b49-b1fa-497f-bbad-e6b884b66baf","documentId":"open-science-source-06","id":"c5","text":"The use of information technology for scholarly communication remains limited.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"use of information technology","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"But the use of this technology remains limited.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-06/c6","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/e0b98e7b8f394926","nativeRecordCid":"30c231de-4cca-4702-97f0-59bb6251ddf3","documentId":"open-science-source-06","id":"c6","text":"Force11 is a community of scholars, librarians, archivists, publishers and research funders that has arisen organically to help facilitate the change toward improved knowledge creation and sharing.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"Force11","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Force11 is a community of scholars, librarians, archivists, publishers and research funders that has arisen organically to help facilitate the change toward improved knowledge creation and sharing.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-06/c7","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/d8e5bc93d59b44e4","nativeRecordCid":"902bbff1-6779-458f-bc14-eadd8e326c32","documentId":"open-science-source-06","id":"c7","text":"Research and scholarship lead to the generation of new knowledge.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"research and scholarship","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Research and scholarship lead to the generation of new knowledge.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-06/c8","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/80a1d9e8f60849de","nativeRecordCid":"1a639e9a-f66e-4819-a5e5-ebf57b0e11fe","documentId":"open-science-source-06","id":"c8","text":"The internet opens up opportunities for new processes that can accelerate the growth of knowledge, including new means of communicating that knowledge among researchers and within the wider community.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"the internet","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"it opens up opportunities for new processes that can accelerate the growth of knowledge, including the creation of new means of communicating that knowledge among researchers and within the wider community.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-06/c9","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/a5106934c0364400","nativeRecordCid":"115c8213-6274-47cc-9cd8-9ac90bd04c87","documentId":"open-science-source-06","id":"c9","text":"Research processes and the dissemination of research results have yet to fully assimilate the capabilities of the web and other digital media.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"research processes and dissemination","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"However, the use of this technology remains limited; research processes and the dissemination of research results have yet to fully assimilate the capabilities of the web and other digital media.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-06/c10","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/63164d011cbb45fe","nativeRecordCid":"fbc1a727-4e62-4e2b-8523-77a81a218185","documentId":"open-science-source-06","id":"c10","text":"Producers and consumers of research remain wedded to formats developed in the era of print publication.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"producers and consumers of research","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Producers and consumers remain wedded to formats developed in the era of print publication, and the reward systems for researchers remain tied to those delivery mechanisms.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-06/c11","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/d4aec176f4cb4177","nativeRecordCid":"0b59dac2-2cc6-4641-9bf7-b9947876aa6e","documentId":"open-science-source-06","id":"c11","text":"The reward systems for researchers remain tied to print-era delivery mechanisms.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"reward systems for researchers","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Producers and consumers remain wedded to formats developed in the era of print publication, and the reward systems for researchers remain tied to those delivery mechanisms.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-06/c12","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/6dc39bb0187f4cd7","nativeRecordCid":"a790dad1-0d19-4abe-8321-783574191c37","documentId":"open-science-source-06","id":"c12","text":"Force11 has grown from a small group of likeminded individuals into an open movement with clearly identified stakeholders associated with emerging technologies, policies, funding mechanisms and business models.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"Force11","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Force11 has grown from a small group of likeminded individuals into an open movement with clearly identified stakeholders associated with emerging technologies, policies, funding mechanisms and business models.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-06/c13","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/982b05dd99824eee","nativeRecordCid":"927eaa2e-a142-49a2-9861-1ac4ec1d8aa3","documentId":"open-science-source-06","id":"c13","text":"Scholarly communication by means of semantically-enhanced media-rich digital publishing is likely to have a greater impact than communication in traditional print media or electronic facsimiles of printed works.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"semantically-enhanced digital publishing","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"While not disputing the expressive power of the written word to communicate complex ideas, our foundational assumption is that scholarly communication by means of semantically-enhanced media-rich digital publishing is likely to have a greater impact than communication in traditional print media or electronic facsimiles of printed works.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-06/c14","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/b30f48ca3d3242e3","nativeRecordCid":"9a3da38c-b0b5-4d31-9671-953a4a4b6b73","documentId":"open-science-source-06","id":"c14","text":"Online versions of scholarly outputs have tended to replicate print forms rather than exploit the additional functionalities afforded by the digital terrain.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"online versions of scholarly outputs","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"However, to date, online versions of ‘scholarly outputs’ have tended to replicate print forms, rather than exploit the additional functionalities afforded by the digital terrain.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-06/c15","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/cd78fd4190104580","nativeRecordCid":"9d61c8e4-7d76-41a2-bc59-27a6508565f6","documentId":"open-science-source-06","id":"c15","text":"Digital publishing of enhanced papers will enable more effective scholarly communication.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"digital publishing of enhanced papers","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"We believe that digital publishing of enhanced papers will enable more effective scholarly communication, which will also broaden to include, for example, better links to data, the publication of software tools, mathematical models, protocols and workflows, and research communication by means of social media channels.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-06/c16","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/76434f6772804d10","nativeRecordCid":"f11aefef-b833-4ef3-b4d5-33c7aa7c7b5a","documentId":"open-science-source-06","id":"c16","text":"Scholarly communication will broaden to include better links to data.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"scholarly communication","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"We believe that digital publishing of enhanced papers will enable more effective scholarly communication, which will also broaden to include, for example, better links to data, the publication of software tools, mathematical models, protocols and workflows, and research communication by means of social media channels.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-06/c17","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/63a37e5b9d92477a","nativeRecordCid":"48fa10ee-b6a3-4f55-bf9f-ba54b64b3c25","documentId":"open-science-source-06","id":"c17","text":"Scholarly communication will broaden to include the publication of software tools, mathematical models, protocols and workflows.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"scholarly communication","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"We believe that digital publishing of enhanced papers will enable more effective scholarly communication, which will also broaden to include, for example, better links to data, the publication of software tools, mathematical models, protocols and workflows, and research communication by means of social media channels.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-06/c18","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/278354b45fce4ccc","nativeRecordCid":"d4ad8b7c-4e07-4f14-9ba5-892d14b10d40","documentId":"open-science-source-06","id":"c18","text":"Scholarly communication will broaden to include research communication by means of social media channels.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"scholarly communication","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"We believe that digital publishing of enhanced papers will enable more effective scholarly communication, which will also broaden to include, for example, better links to data, the publication of software tools, mathematical models, protocols and workflows, and research communication by means of social media channels.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-06/c19","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/82710af7f7ff41bc","nativeRecordCid":"cfdab8ab-c923-4abf-8506-08edd4eff089","documentId":"open-science-source-06","id":"c19","text":"Scholars and researchers continue to communicate their thoughts and research results primarily by means of the selective distribution of ink on paper, or at best via electronic facsimiles of the same.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"scholars and researchers' communication methods","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"A dispassionate observer, perhaps visiting from another planet, would surely be dumbfounded by how, in an age of multimedia, smartphones, 3D television and 24/7 social network connectivity, scholars and researchers continue to communicate their thoughts and research results primarily by means of the selective distribution of ink on paper, or at best via electronic facsimiles of the same.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-06/c20","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/f3110081861b4d09","nativeRecordCid":"f2c42c76-3f24-412f-a09f-255ee59f5906","documentId":"open-science-source-06","id":"c20","text":"Modern technologies enable vastly improved knowledge transfer.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"modern technologies","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Modern technologies enable vastly improved knowledge transfer and far wider impact.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-06/c21","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/fc07b0ddaa5946b6","nativeRecordCid":"ba954f13-bea0-41e9-8886-84f7a327f55f","documentId":"open-science-source-06","id":"c21","text":"Modern technologies enable far wider impact of knowledge.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"modern technologies","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Modern technologies enable vastly improved knowledge transfer and far wider impact.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-06/c22","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/e53592fec7954849","nativeRecordCid":"a9528c33-fd74-414a-9925-69b7ed6b80b3","documentId":"open-science-source-06","id":"c22","text":"Freed from the restrictions of paper, communication becomes instantaneous across geographic boundaries.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"communication freed from paper","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Communication becomes instantaneous across geographic boundaries.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-06/c23","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/94616eb3034b4c34","nativeRecordCid":"e9044018-17fa-47fc-a92d-888360950f98","documentId":"open-science-source-06","id":"c23","text":"Terms in electronic documents may be automatically disambiguated and semantically defined by linking to standard terminology repositories, allowing more accurate retrieval in searches.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"terms in electronic documents","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Terms in electronic documents may be automatically disambiguated and semantically defined by linking to standard terminology repositories, allowing more accurate retrieval in searches; complex entities mentioned in documents may be automatically expanded to show diagrams or pictures that facilitate understanding; citations to other documents may be enhanced by summaries generated automatically from the cited documents.","representedInStars":false}
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{"key":"open-science-source-06/c25","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/17be7d91ebbf4aa0","nativeRecordCid":"4a4ddf13-d472-4681-914b-d2795bfdfd24","documentId":"open-science-source-06","id":"c25","text":"Citations to other documents may be enhanced by summaries generated automatically from the cited documents.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"citations to other documents","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Terms in electronic documents may be automatically disambiguated and semantically defined by linking to standard terminology repositories, allowing more accurate retrieval in searches; complex entities mentioned in documents may be automatically expanded to show diagrams or pictures that facilitate understanding; citations to other documents may be enhanced by summaries generated automatically from the cited documents.","representedInStars":false}
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{"key":"open-science-source-06/c30","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/97a12994dabd4601","nativeRecordCid":"666dc559-51ef-420a-80ac-25761d291431","documentId":"open-science-source-06","id":"c30","text":"Extracts and discussions of scholarly work on social media may enable a work to be cross-linked to other information sources.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"extracts and discussions on social media","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Extracts and discussions of scholarly work on social media such as blogs, online discussion groups and Twitter may greatly broaden the visibility of a work and enable it to be better evaluated and cross-linked to other information sources.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-06/c31","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/26b0a1e58cd147ab","nativeRecordCid":"20999514-5e00-4eed-b4c9-e9d4ea7aebee","documentId":"open-science-source-06","id":"c31","text":"A broad range of recent technological advances provide increasingly diverse and powerful opportunities for more effective scholarly communication.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"technological advances","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"A broad range of recent technological advances provide increasingly diverse and powerful opportunities for more effective scholarly communication; we need to grasp the opportunities and make these possibilities realities.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-06/c32","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/35b2e59778094c89","nativeRecordCid":"49eddd0a-2eda-4db9-93c3-3e535c9c1be1","documentId":"open-science-source-06","id":"c32","text":"The opportunities presented by recent technological advances for more effective scholarly communication must be grasped and made into realities.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"","subject":"opportunities from technological advances","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"A broad range of recent technological advances provide increasingly diverse and powerful opportunities for more effective scholarly communication; we need to grasp the opportunities and make these possibilities realities.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-06/c33","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/e44ddeff423f482f","nativeRecordCid":"7c7cf7ef-381d-4a76-8392-4a47877a48d9","documentId":"open-science-source-06","id":"c33","text":"Scientific information and scholarly communication more generally should become part of a global, universal and explicit network of knowledge.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"","subject":"scientific information and scholarly communication","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"We see a future in which scientific information and scholarly communication more generally become part of a global, universal and explicit network of knowledge; where every claim, hypothesis, argument—every significant element of the discourse—can be explicitly represented, along with supporting data, software, workflows, multimedia, external commentary, and information about provenance.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-06/c34","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/44789f58672c410a","nativeRecordCid":"c989fb07-5267-452f-955b-b458ea729efb","documentId":"open-science-source-06","id":"c34","text":"In this network of knowledge, every claim, hypothesis, argument, and every significant element of the discourse can be explicitly represented, along with supporting data, software, workflows, multimedia, external commentary, and information about provenance.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"network-of-knowledge model","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"We see a future in which scientific information and scholarly communication more generally become part of a global, universal and explicit network of knowledge; where every claim, hypothesis, argument—every significant element of the discourse—can be explicitly represented, along with supporting data, software, workflows, multimedia, external commentary, and information about provenance.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-06/c35","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/897f445050d349d0","nativeRecordCid":"1e6d99fe-5513-4197-a732-09258fd58ba7","documentId":"open-science-source-06","id":"c35","text":"In this world of networked knowledge objects, it is clear how the entities and discourse components are related to each other, including relationships to previous scholarship.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"network-of-knowledge model","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"In this world of networked knowledge objects, it would be clear how the entities and discourse components are related to each other, including relationships to previous scholarship; learning about a new topic means absorbing networks of information, not individually reading thousands of documents.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-06/c36","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/c211362ff3e34266","nativeRecordCid":"c61bd582-2f8b-4204-8477-3e9a90d5c33a","documentId":"open-science-source-06","id":"c36","text":"In the network-of-knowledge model, learning about a new topic means absorbing networks of information, not individually reading thousands of documents.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"network-of-knowledge model","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"In this world of networked knowledge objects, it would be clear how the entities and discourse components are related to each other, including relationships to previous scholarship; learning about a new topic means absorbing networks of information, not individually reading thousands of documents.","representedInStars":false}
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{"key":"open-science-source-06/c45","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/c2ebf24906554f7a","nativeRecordCid":"a1544734-9274-48d0-8d45-7015749e8fc1","documentId":"open-science-source-06","id":"c45","text":"A new, enriched form of scholarly publication should be created that enables the creation and management of relationships between knowledge, claims and data.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"","subject":"enriched form of scholarly publication","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"As a starting point, our vision entails creating a new, enriched form of scholarly publication that enables the creation and management of relationships between knowledge, claims and data.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-06/c46","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/f1bb862edca04cd5","nativeRecordCid":"180b95e2-f130-4258-b85b-31ed9a597575","documentId":"open-science-source-06","id":"c46","text":"A knowledge infrastructure should be created that allows the sharing of computationally executable components as scientifically valid content components.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"","subject":"knowledge infrastructure","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"It also means the creation of a knowledge infrastructure that allows the sharing of computationally executable components, such as workflows, computer code and statistical calculations, as scientifically valid content components; and an infrastructure that allows these components to be made accessible, reviewed, referenced and attributed.","representedInStars":false}
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{"key":"open-science-source-06/c48","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/22f8229d23544bc1","nativeRecordCid":"34016cba-b548-4d33-9b53-ddff1a2d5b73","documentId":"open-science-source-06","id":"c48","text":"Best practices for depositing research datasets in repositories must be developed.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"","subject":"data-deposit best practices","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"To do this, we have to develop best practices for depositing research datasets in repositories that enable linking to relevant documents, and that have high compliance levels driven by appropriate incentives, resources and policies.","representedInStars":false}
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{"key":"open-science-source-06/c50","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/39f417c2ec444d5a","nativeRecordCid":"afcfbacf-5ca1-43b1-a4c9-3aabc63eaa0b","documentId":"open-science-source-06","id":"c50","text":"Research dataset repositories must have high compliance levels driven by appropriate incentives, resources and policies.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"","subject":"research dataset repositories","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"To do this, we have to develop best practices for depositing research datasets in repositories that enable linking to relevant documents, and that have high compliance levels driven by appropriate incentives, resources and policies.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-06/c51","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/883b36fde9554b24","nativeRecordCid":"39f3e59e-cc7b-4089-91ee-63a6b0799821","documentId":"open-science-source-06","id":"c51","text":"For scientific domains, new forms of publication must facilitate reproducibility of results.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"","subject":"new forms of scholarly publication","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"In addition, for scientific domains, the new forms of publication must facilitate reproducibility of results, which means, at least for _in silico_ research, the ability to preserve and re-perform executable workflows or services.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-06/c52","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/a06ea3d934ae4082","nativeRecordCid":"fd2bd197-f318-4ce1-9980-bd173300603d","documentId":"open-science-source-06","id":"c52","text":"For in silico research, reproducibility of results means the ability to preserve and re-perform executable workflows or services.","kind":"definitional","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"reproducibility of results","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"In addition, for scientific domains, the new forms of publication must facilitate reproducibility of results, which means, at least for _in silico_ research, the ability to preserve and re-perform executable workflows or services.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-06/c53","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/1b50ecde916e4b7e","nativeRecordCid":"0abbfe3d-aa1d-4125-80c0-de6bbf87be9d","documentId":"open-science-source-06","id":"c53","text":"Reproducibility requires the ability to reconstruct the context in which executable objects were executed.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"","subject":"reproducibility of executable objects","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"This will require the ability to re-construct the context in which these objects were executed, which may well contain or reference other executable objects as well as data objects that may evolve through time.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-06/c54","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/8e2f91197cdf42f2","nativeRecordCid":"379ad2ea-6b28-4114-92d5-653d57aeff62","documentId":"open-science-source-06","id":"c54","text":"The context in which executable objects were executed may contain or reference other executable objects as well as data objects that may evolve through time.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"execution context of research objects","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"This will require the ability to re-construct the context in which these objects were executed, which may well contain or reference other executable objects as well as data objects that may evolve through time.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-06/c55","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/e03aaee059c94269","nativeRecordCid":"f1e5ea35-153e-423a-b558-9988e42d5f57","documentId":"open-science-source-06","id":"c55","text":"The content of communications about research will follow the same evolutionary path seen for general web content, moving from the static to the increasingly dynamic.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"content of research communications","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"In this way, the content of communications about research will follow the same evolutionary path that we have seen for general web content: a move from the static to the increasingly dynamic.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-06/c56","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/5d771537c7024f71","nativeRecordCid":"23ff7db8-0d23-4b6d-adbc-6fff3f5060c4","documentId":"open-science-source-06","id":"c56","text":"The peer-reviewed journal article is important as a primary dissemination channel and public record of new research results.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"peer-reviewed journal article","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"With all this, we do recognise the importance of the peer-reviewed journal article as a primary dissemination channel and public record of new research results, since it uniquely provides a dated version of record of the authors’ views at the time of publication, and as such becomes an immutable part of the scientific record.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-06/c57","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/0a246c4b1a404b19","nativeRecordCid":"62536616-fdd7-4719-a187-602cedc4e0dd","documentId":"open-science-source-06","id":"c57","text":"The peer-reviewed journal article uniquely provides a dated version of record of the authors' views at the time of publication, and as such becomes an immutable part of the scientific record.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"peer-reviewed journal article","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"With all this, we do recognise the importance of the peer-reviewed journal article as a primary dissemination channel and public record of new research results, since it uniquely provides a dated version of record of the authors’ views at the time of publication, and as such becomes an immutable part of the scientific record.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-06/c58","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/1c9eae557d384dd8","nativeRecordCid":"7b5e39f6-93dc-4dd7-a2e5-2ab8b93a4c10","documentId":"open-science-source-06","id":"c58","text":"Existing technologies can provide semantic enhancements to the text of peer-reviewed journal articles.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"journal articles with existing technologies","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"But even here, with this the most traditional of scholarly communication media, we can with existing technologies provide immediate improvements: semantic enhancements to the text; greater interactivity with tables and figures; access to the data within articles in actionable form; data fusions (mashups) with data from other sources, for example Google Maps, where appropriate; direct citation of and links to underlying datasets stored in databases and data repositories; and the open publication in machine-readable form of both the full bibliographic record for the article and also the citation information contained within the article’s reference list, encoded using appropriate ontologies, so that these basic facts can enter the web of linked open data","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-06/c59","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/ecde6d9000144034","nativeRecordCid":"b21ef2bd-ea8e-4650-9695-5ad36dd0f14e","documentId":"open-science-source-06","id":"c59","text":"Existing technologies can provide greater interactivity with tables and figures in peer-reviewed journal articles.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"journal articles with existing technologies","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"But even here, with this the most traditional of scholarly communication media, we can with existing technologies provide immediate improvements: semantic enhancements to the text; greater interactivity with tables and figures; access to the data within articles in actionable form; data fusions (mashups) with data from other sources, for example Google Maps, where appropriate; direct citation of and links to underlying datasets stored in databases and data repositories; and the open publication in machine-readable form of both the full bibliographic record for the article and also the citation information contained within the article’s reference list, encoded using appropriate ontologies, so that these basic facts can enter the web of linked open data","representedInStars":false}
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{"key":"open-science-source-06/c62","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/7e6d721d7ebe4251","nativeRecordCid":"5c3d3029-0ad8-42ae-801e-1f14d90485c6","documentId":"open-science-source-06","id":"c62","text":"Existing technologies can provide direct citation of and links to underlying datasets stored in databases and data repositories.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"journal articles with existing technologies","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"But even here, with this the most traditional of scholarly communication media, we can with existing technologies provide immediate improvements: semantic enhancements to the text; greater interactivity with tables and figures; access to the data within articles in actionable form; data fusions (mashups) with data from other sources, for example Google Maps, where appropriate; direct citation of and links to underlying datasets stored in databases and data repositories; and the open publication in machine-readable form of both the full bibliographic record for the article and also the citation information contained within the article’s reference list, encoded using appropriate ontologies, so that these basic facts can enter the web of linked open data","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-06/c63","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/8d0d515c249a482e","nativeRecordCid":"46362849-91fd-43d1-adb0-97d602378564","documentId":"open-science-source-06","id":"c63","text":"Existing technologies can provide open publication in machine-readable form of both the full bibliographic record for an article and the citation information contained within its reference list, encoded using appropriate ontologies, so that these basic facts can enter the web of linked open data.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"journal articles with existing technologies","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"But even here, with this the most traditional of scholarly communication media, we can with existing technologies provide immediate improvements: semantic enhancements to the text; greater interactivity with tables and figures; access to the data within articles in actionable form; data fusions (mashups) with data from other sources, for example Google Maps, where appropriate; direct citation of and links to underlying datasets stored in databases and data repositories; and the open publication in machine-readable form of both the full bibliographic record for the article and also the citation information contained within the article’s reference list, encoded using appropriate ontologies, so that these basic facts can enter the web of linked open data","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-06/c64","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/2c2f7423d8ba48ad","nativeRecordCid":"53ef9cad-56ed-4c9d-8048-e6896a05be90","documentId":"open-science-source-06","id":"c64","text":"The complex socio-technical scholarly and commercial ecosystem must undergo changes to realize the full vision of networked scholarly communication.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"","subject":"scholarly and commercial ecosystem","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The second component of our vision requires changes to the complex socio-technical scholarly and commercial ecosystem.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-06/c65","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/b0aa18b79ec8460f","nativeRecordCid":"65a84d91-10fc-4fc7-9cd7-bab6826b156d","documentId":"open-science-source-06","id":"c65","text":"Reward systems that encourage scholars and researchers to participate and contribute must be put in place.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"","subject":"reward systems for scholars","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"In particular, to obtain the benefits that networked knowledge promises, we have to put in place reward systems that encourage scholars and researchers to participate and contribute.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-06/c66","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/6962a007b2164027","nativeRecordCid":"267c049b-5421-4172-a893-f82df2ab0471","documentId":"open-science-source-06","id":"c66","text":"Notions such as journal impact factor are poor surrogates for measuring the true impact of scholarship.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"journal impact factor","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"We need to acknowledge the fact that notions such as journal impact factor are poor surrogates for measuring the true impact of scholarship, and are increasingly irrelevant in a world of disaggregated knowledge units of vastly varying granularity; and we need to derive new mechanisms that allow us more accurately to measure true contributions to the ongoing enterprise of augmenting the world’s store of knowledge.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-06/c67","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/79f8fdbdaf4d480f","nativeRecordCid":"efa61430-be64-4a72-83d6-2cee93cc571b","documentId":"open-science-source-06","id":"c67","text":"Notions such as journal impact factor are increasingly irrelevant in a world of disaggregated knowledge units of vastly varying granularity.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"journal impact factor","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"We need to acknowledge the fact that notions such as journal impact factor are poor surrogates for measuring the true impact of scholarship, and are increasingly irrelevant in a world of disaggregated knowledge units of vastly varying granularity; and we need to derive new mechanisms that allow us more accurately to measure true contributions to the ongoing enterprise of augmenting the world’s store of knowledge.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-06/c68","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/e3b2941466c74ac9","nativeRecordCid":"8d7183b6-5df0-43fb-8d48-bdcb783dabd7","documentId":"open-science-source-06","id":"c68","text":"New mechanisms must be derived that allow more accurate measurement of true contributions to the ongoing enterprise of augmenting the world's store of knowledge.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"","subject":"mechanisms for measuring scholarly contribution","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"We need to acknowledge the fact that notions such as journal impact factor are poor surrogates for measuring the true impact of scholarship, and are increasingly irrelevant in a world of disaggregated knowledge units of vastly varying granularity; and we need to derive new mechanisms that allow us more accurately to measure true contributions to the ongoing enterprise of augmenting the world’s store of knowledge.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-06/c69","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/d9ec5eba80d34633","nativeRecordCid":"9d21807c-e2d3-440b-b349-a6654367aa7e","documentId":"open-science-source-06","id":"c69","text":"The business models currently driving scholarly publishing, which rest mainly on libraries buying access rights to digital journals from publishers, are no longer adequate to support the rich, variegated, integrated and disparate knowledge offerings that new technologies enable and that new scholarship requires.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"current scholarly publishing business models","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The business models that are currently driving scholarly publishing, which rest mainly on libraries buying access rights to digital journals from publishers, are clearly no longer adequate to support the rich, variegated, integrated and disparate knowledge offerings that new technologies enable, and that new scholarship requires.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-06/c70","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/03bd51f3003b473b","nativeRecordCid":"4f8920c9-8d08-4583-9749-173145c7d864","documentId":"open-science-source-06","id":"c70","text":"Models must be developed, involving scholars, publishers, libraries, funding agencies, and academic institutions, that enable this envisioned future while offering sustainable forms of existence for the constituent parties.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"scholars, publishers, libraries, funding agencies, and academic institutions","subject":"new collaborative business models","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"In a collaboration involving scholars, publishers, libraries, funding agencies, and academic institutions, we need to develop models that can enable this exciting future to develop, while offering sustainable forms of existence for the constituent parties, although perhaps not in their present states.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-06/c71","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/bdc5b2a00d394566","nativeRecordCid":"62a7b4fd-5e18-44d3-abf7-df751f83eeeb","documentId":"open-science-source-06","id":"c71","text":"The changes envisaged pave the way for a revolution in the manner in which research is carried out and communicated.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"envisaged changes to research communication","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The changes we envisage pave the way for a revolution in the manner in which research is carried out and communicated, leading to significant improvements in scholarly productivity and quality, and enhanced transparency that can only increase the public’s trust in the value of science.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-06/c72","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/5e1c8ce9194c4424","nativeRecordCid":"504ef79b-c2b8-4a50-9283-72ad49d079bc","documentId":"open-science-source-06","id":"c72","text":"This revolution leads to significant improvements in scholarly productivity.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"revolution in research communication","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The changes we envisage pave the way for a revolution in the manner in which research is carried out and communicated, leading to significant improvements in scholarly productivity and quality, and enhanced transparency that can only increase the public’s trust in the value of science.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-06/c73","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/5e8abe12efaf4447","nativeRecordCid":"d3399a13-d849-4230-8145-87dbd700aee7","documentId":"open-science-source-06","id":"c73","text":"This revolution leads to significant improvements in scholarly quality.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"revolution in research communication","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The changes we envisage pave the way for a revolution in the manner in which research is carried out and communicated, leading to significant improvements in scholarly productivity and quality, and enhanced transparency that can only increase the public’s trust in the value of science.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-06/c74","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/26ebe1f3bd42435c","nativeRecordCid":"c7344e3f-31e2-490f-8ea5-e587cfb812e0","documentId":"open-science-source-06","id":"c74","text":"This revolution leads to enhanced transparency that increases the public's trust in the value of science.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"revolution in research communication","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The changes we envisage pave the way for a revolution in the manner in which research is carried out and communicated, leading to significant improvements in scholarly productivity and quality, and enhanced transparency that can only increase the public’s trust in the value of science.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-06/c75","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/d0084070a814470f","nativeRecordCid":"d1837a02-a599-4f05-a2cf-9d3dd2a9bd06","documentId":"open-science-source-06","id":"c75","text":"Benefits similar to those seen in science apply to scholarship in the arts and humanities.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"arts and humanities scholarship","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Similar benefits apply to scholarship in the arts and humanities.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-06/c76","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/268c25563c534b9c","nativeRecordCid":"9938688e-fc01-4bbd-94f0-003d34a66359","documentId":"open-science-source-06","id":"c76","text":"For scholars, the benefits of these developments are better communication of knowledge through easier transmission of information from producers to consumers, in more forms using richer media, permitting easier, faster and deeper interpretation of the information.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"benefits for scholars","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"For scholars** (also in their roles as authors, editors and reviewers) the benefits are better communication of knowledge: easier transmission of information from its creators or discovers (the producers), in more forms using richer media, permitting easier, faster","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-06/c77","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/c5928cb4cbcf4e27","nativeRecordCid":"597f1be2-a025-4c67-a8f5-c7d913af418f","documentId":"open-science-source-06","id":"c77","text":"For scholars, these new and enhanced forms of communication will enable more accurate evaluations of the quality and impact of scholars' work, facilitating better promotion evaluations and proposal assessments.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"benefits for scholars","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"and deeper interpretation of the information by the consumers (other scholars, students and their teachers, government and non-governmental agencies, industry, the media, and society at large). At the same time, these new and enhanced forms of communication will enable more accurate evaluations of the quality and the impact of scholars’ work, facilitating better promotion evaluations and proposal assessments.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-06/c78","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/2824d8189dd74568","nativeRecordCid":"b991411d-8652-4d6f-b010-46fcbf677873","documentId":"open-science-source-06","id":"c78","text":"For decision makers and managers, the new communicative forms mean that the impacts and effects of scholarly communications, and hence of their authors, can more easily be tracked and evaluated.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"benefits for decision makers and managers","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Similarly, **for decision makers and managers** , the new communicative forms mean that the impacts and effects of scholarly communications, and hence of their authors, can more easily be tracked and evaluated.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-06/c79","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/0f049d1f893c4a44","nativeRecordCid":"176ec7c7-e4a3-4a83-9df1-ad2c55300fff","documentId":"open-science-source-06","id":"c79","text":"For research funders, enhanced communications will enable more accurate overviews of the size, direction and importance of each stream of research.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"benefits for research funders","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"For **research funders** , enhanced communications will enable more accurate overviews of the size, direction and importance of each stream of research, and permit quicker determination of the quality of the work cited in grant proposals.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-06/c80","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/bae9d1d58d964a73","nativeRecordCid":"03474071-52dd-4539-a808-5eed20094fda","documentId":"open-science-source-06","id":"c80","text":"For research funders, enhanced communications will permit quicker determination of the quality of the work cited in grant proposals.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"benefits for research funders","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"For **research funders** , enhanced communications will enable more accurate overviews of the size, direction and importance of each stream of research, and permit quicker determination of the quality of the work cited in grant proposals.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-06/c81","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/2de7866382ee4445","nativeRecordCid":"7c5589cd-738f-4a75-985a-63f694f6da37","documentId":"open-science-source-06","id":"c81","text":"Established practice for research funders must change as a result of these communication advances.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"research funders","subject":"research funders' established practice","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"But these advances mean that established practice will need to change.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-06/c82","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/c2b205962938472d","nativeRecordCid":"a362077c-2ac5-4056-8695-3d2efbc40648","documentId":"open-science-source-06","id":"c82","text":"For librarians and archivists, traditional library holdings will become less important due to online accessibility.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"benefits for librarians and archivists","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"For **librarians and archivists** , while online accessibility will mean that traditional library holdings become less important, the archiving, updating and maintenance of digital data and software will increase in importance.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-06/c83","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/80f4900a4b3b4551","nativeRecordCid":"b0f8b2b0-c920-4374-88bb-488c58212cdb","documentId":"open-science-source-06","id":"c83","text":"For librarians and archivists, the archiving, updating and maintenance of digital data and software will increase in importance.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"benefits for librarians and archivists","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"For **librarians and archivists** , while online accessibility will mean that traditional library holdings become less important, the archiving, updating and maintenance of digital data and software will increase in importance.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-06/c84","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/af0b969b96424b57","nativeRecordCid":"af8c48ae-a983-4f66-91b7-235bd272b3e2","documentId":"open-science-source-06","id":"c84","text":"Librarians' and archivists' adaptation to these changes will bring about new modes of service to users.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"librarians and archivists' adaptation","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Adapting to these changes will bring about new modes of service to users.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-06/c85","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/29dba8bc5dd34da1","nativeRecordCid":"5088c12e-1668-4f48-ab95-56063c4ea723","documentId":"open-science-source-06","id":"c85","text":"For publishers, the traditional functions of manuscript compilation and distribution will change radically.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"benefits for publishers","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Similarly, **for publishers** , the traditional functions of manuscript compilation and distribution will change radically, while quality control, access facilitation, new modes of aggregation, and the standardization, maintenance, and support of knowledge access technologies become more important.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-06/c86","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/910afa72959d44eb","nativeRecordCid":"4102a264-f29c-44eb-bc9d-e5b931c63575","documentId":"open-science-source-06","id":"c86","text":"For publishers, quality control becomes more important.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"benefits for publishers","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Similarly, **for publishers** , the traditional functions of manuscript compilation and distribution will change radically, while quality control, access facilitation, new modes of aggregation, and the standardization, maintenance, and support of knowledge access technologies become more important.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-06/c87","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/c5a8442541da46e3","nativeRecordCid":"6f23c087-7725-4ca6-9e83-882dd9e9db62","documentId":"open-science-source-06","id":"c87","text":"For publishers, access facilitation becomes more important.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"benefits for publishers","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Similarly, **for publishers** , the traditional functions of manuscript compilation and distribution will change radically, while quality control, access facilitation, new modes of aggregation, and the standardization, maintenance, and support of knowledge access technologies become more important.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-06/c88","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/9f78295a3d44427a","nativeRecordCid":"83c94fd2-ea93-4dbd-9f4a-943d92051db1","documentId":"open-science-source-06","id":"c88","text":"For publishers, new modes of aggregation become more important.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"benefits for publishers","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Similarly, **for publishers** , the traditional functions of manuscript compilation and distribution will change radically, while quality control, access facilitation, new modes of aggregation, and the standardization, maintenance, and support of knowledge access technologies become more important.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-06/c89","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/2d0305f49353487e","nativeRecordCid":"0d1eede7-26a6-4231-aeb8-c8860c3a49ee","documentId":"open-science-source-06","id":"c89","text":"For publishers, the standardization, maintenance, and support of knowledge access technologies become more important.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"benefits for publishers","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Similarly, **for publishers** , the traditional functions of manuscript compilation and distribution will change radically, while quality control, access facilitation, new modes of aggregation, and the standardization, maintenance, and support of knowledge access technologies become more important.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-06/c90","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/07d60b33d6264690","nativeRecordCid":"77889d37-2d22-4576-8bd3-71e87341d556","documentId":"open-science-source-06","id":"c90","text":"Providing these services will allow publishers to successfully face the challenges of free access to published research being ushered in by the open access movement.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"publishers facing open access challenges","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Providing these services will allow publishers successfully to face the challenges of free access to published research that is being ushered in by the open access movement.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-06/c91","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/8b4a5f738c33416d","nativeRecordCid":"477738b2-5e30-455a-ae6d-ef986ef536a6","documentId":"open-science-source-06","id":"c91","text":"The formats and technologies of communication that underpin scholarly publishing must be changed.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"","subject":"formats and technologies of communication","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"we have to change the _nature of the formats and technologies of communication_ , that underpins the world of scholarly publishing","representedInStars":true}
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{"key":"open-science-source-06/c93","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/b19e40434bb24347","nativeRecordCid":"f3d5744b-9dc4-4bcf-bd9f-5dcb074354eb","documentId":"open-science-source-06","id":"c93","text":"Scholarly communications are, at this mid-point in the digital revolution, in an ill-defined transitional state between print and paper and the world of the web and computers, with print still exercising significantly more influence.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"scholarly communications","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Scholarly communications are, at this mid-point in the digital revolution, in an ill-defined transitional state—a ‘horseless carriage’ state—that lies somewhere between the world of print and paper and the world of the web and computers, with the former still exercising significantly more influence than the latter.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-06/c94","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/fb9e9766feab462a","nativeRecordCid":"38a13253-375e-4d8b-8450-9b074ec8f42a","documentId":"open-science-source-06","id":"c94","text":"New media, new communicative possibilities, and the need to communicate and comprehend increasing amounts of numerical and multimedia data make traditional scholarly publication forms inadequate.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"traditional scholarly publication forms","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"However, the recent development of new media and communicative possibilities using information technology, and the need to communicate and comprehend increasing amounts of additional information such as numerical and multimedia data, make the traditional forms inadequate.","representedInStars":true}
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{"key":"open-science-source-06/c103","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/0be66305e54f4882","nativeRecordCid":"48e8f3ee-030e-4dea-bb87-b7d37c7bafa9","documentId":"open-science-source-06","id":"c103","text":"Most types of scholarship involve claims.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"scholarship","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Most types of scholarship involve claims, and all sciences and many other fields require that these claims be independently testable.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-06/c104","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/b931dfc1f1924367","nativeRecordCid":"a72fcf47-c256-464d-b8c0-991a7e5f76a5","documentId":"open-science-source-06","id":"c104","text":"Claims made in scholarship must be independently testable.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"the sciences and many other fields","subject":"scholarly claims","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Most types of scholarship involve claims, and all sciences and many other fields require that these claims be independently testable.","representedInStars":false}
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{"key":"open-science-source-06/c107","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/489b2aa32b224e5e","nativeRecordCid":"072235cb-d199-4f15-ad2d-859f6e339ebe","documentId":"open-science-source-06","id":"c107","text":"Data relegated to the status of supplementary material typically have an inadequate format.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"supplementary material data","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Even in the rare cases where the data are part of the research communication, these are typically relegated to the status of ‘supplementary material’, whose format [23] and preservation [27] are inadequate.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-06/c108","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/9793f48047a34335","nativeRecordCid":"4d2df56b-c5b0-4b72-8fa5-251f946e93db","documentId":"open-science-source-06","id":"c108","text":"Data relegated to the status of supplementary material typically have inadequate preservation.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"supplementary material data","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Even in the rare cases where the data are part of the research communication, these are typically relegated to the status of ‘supplementary material’, whose format [23] and preservation [27] are inadequate.","representedInStars":false}
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{"key":"open-science-source-06/c110","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/f655464a8dd14665","nativeRecordCid":"007545a7-5ca0-4358-910e-3a01da5ac4b5","documentId":"open-science-source-06","id":"c110","text":"Links between archived data and the relevant textual research communications must be explicit, robust and persistent.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"","subject":"links between data and textual publications","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"But in such circumstances efforts need to be made to ensure that their links to the relevant textual research communications are explicit, robust and persistent.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-06/c111","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/c1940f52d0f24c9d","nativeRecordCid":"17cba90c-8846-40bb-8c2d-356657b5ffae","documentId":"open-science-source-06","id":"c111","text":"It is difficult for a scholar to record the data on which their work is based easily and sustainably, in a form that others can absorb and use.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"scholars recording data","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"At present it is difficult for a scholar easily and sustainably to record the data on which the work is based in a form that others can absorb and use, and to maintain links to the associated textual publication.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-06/c112","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/c842b1ccffac4461","nativeRecordCid":"93ba116c-f4d6-4d8c-84d3-497ab65614b7","documentId":"open-science-source-06","id":"c112","text":"It is difficult for a scholar to maintain links between recorded data and the associated textual publication.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"links between data and textual publication","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"At present it is difficult for a scholar easily and sustainably to record the data on which the work is based in a form that others can absorb and use, and to maintain links to the associated textual publication.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-06/c113","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/f077155bd0fa4aff","nativeRecordCid":"68519c67-28c4-4c3d-8c74-e83604d35d9d","documentId":"open-science-source-06","id":"c113","text":"A large and active movement of professionals and students, including data curators, are providing services intended to improve the effectiveness of scholarly communication and the productivity of researchers by digging facts out of textual publications and presenting them in machine-readable actionable form.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"data curation services","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Currently, a large and active movement of professionals and students, including data curators, are providing services intended to improve the effectiveness of scholarly communication, and thereby the productivity of researchers; these entail digging facts out of textual publications and presenting them in machine-readable actionable form.","representedInStars":false}
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{"key":"open-science-source-06/c116","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/d38fd95d2f554658","nativeRecordCid":"ebe4a192-3ee1-441c-87f6-169a6f3bafd6","documentId":"open-science-source-06","id":"c116","text":"The source material used by data-extraction service providers is usually copyrighted.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"source material for extraction services","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"However, because the source material is usually copyrighted, and these rights are distributed across a large number of publishers, the service providers are forced to negotiate individual contracts with each publisher, which is extremely wasteful of time and resources.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-06/c117","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/2ab57f07878147aa","nativeRecordCid":"0d0989e5-fd9a-4214-949b-372b48d9be6d","documentId":"open-science-source-06","id":"c117","text":"Copyright rights over source material used by extraction services are distributed across a large number of publishers.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"copyright distribution across publishers","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"However, because the source material is usually copyrighted, and these rights are distributed across a large number of publishers, the service providers are forced to negotiate individual contracts with each publisher, which is extremely wasteful of time and resources.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-06/c118","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/732d5b81887c496d","nativeRecordCid":"605db634-7ed3-4f8a-87d7-8d29a1bac46a","documentId":"open-science-source-06","id":"c118","text":"Service providers are forced to negotiate individual contracts with each publisher, which is extremely wasteful of time and resources.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"data-extraction service providers","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"However, because the source material is usually copyrighted, and these rights are distributed across a large number of publishers, the service providers are forced to negotiate individual contracts with each publisher, which is extremely wasteful of time and resources.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-06/c119","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/ae5f6740448c4d11","nativeRecordCid":"d18c6f55-2d0c-434d-86b9-32de7fb0872b","documentId":"open-science-source-06","id":"c119","text":"Some research funders are increasingly mandating that research results of all types be made openly available.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"research funders' open-access mandates","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"To reduce this burden, some research funders are increasingly mandating that research results of all types be made openly available.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-06/c120","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/6e8387000e5243cc","nativeRecordCid":"0ff3bafc-4123-4505-b7e9-4803a4a62254","documentId":"open-science-source-06","id":"c120","text":"Funder mandates for open availability result in a confusing world where some publications on a topic are immediately and freely available and others are not.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"inconsistent open availability of publications","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"However, this results in a confusing world where some publications are immediately and freely available and others on the same topic are not.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-06/c121","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/90a8baab4b7a4d0f","nativeRecordCid":"d84eeebf-b127-4ab3-96a3-400f595df3a1","documentId":"open-science-source-06","id":"c121","text":"The web as the medium for scholarly communication is ending the role of local library collections.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"local library collections","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"A related problem is the effect of the web as the medium for scholarly communication, since it is ending the role of local library collections.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-06/c122","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/624e8b40d8ec4d4c","nativeRecordCid":"f7646106-1fb7-4ed6-b6ff-2a74d4223fc7","documentId":"open-science-source-06","id":"c122","text":"Libraries and archives have been forced to switch from purchasing copies of research communications to leasing web access to publishers' copies.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"libraries and archives","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Libraries and archives have been forced to switch from purchasing copies of the research communications of interest to their readers, to leasing web access to the publishers’ copies, with no assurance of long-term accessibility","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-06/c123","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/622cb6e7b37f4dbc","nativeRecordCid":"ae47cd61-2ff7-4b0f-bdf7-41fbbfa97fca","documentId":"open-science-source-06","id":"c123","text":"Leasing web access to publishers' copies provides no assurance of long-term accessibility to content if future subscriptions lapse.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"leased web access to publishers' copies","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Libraries and archives have been forced to switch from purchasing copies of the research communications of interest to their readers, to leasing web access to the publishers’ copies, with no assurance of long-term accessibility","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-06/c124","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/d7cb5691288745ac","nativeRecordCid":"552b2306-f0af-423d-a014-9e8387cda640","documentId":"open-science-source-06","id":"c124","text":"Libraries have been bereft of almost all their original value to scholars.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"libraries' value to scholars","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Bereft of almost all their original value to scholars, libraries are being encouraged to both compete in the electronic publishing market and to take on the task of running ‘institutional repositories’, in effect publishing their scholars’ data and research communications.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-06/c125","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/6c8efeda140a4c4f","nativeRecordCid":"4583dc07-8453-488e-b45b-e08833a4a3f4","documentId":"open-science-source-06","id":"c125","text":"Libraries are being encouraged to compete in the electronic publishing market.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"libraries","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Bereft of almost all their original value to scholars, libraries are being encouraged to both compete in the electronic publishing market and to take on the task of running ‘institutional repositories’, in effect publishing their scholars’ data and research communications.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-06/c126","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/f37e470a465a4bef","nativeRecordCid":"6b0272dd-467a-4d2a-a146-bcc5345e2c24","documentId":"open-science-source-06","id":"c126","text":"Libraries are being encouraged to take on the task of running institutional repositories, in effect publishing their scholars' data and research communications.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"libraries","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Bereft of almost all their original value to scholars, libraries are being encouraged to both compete in the electronic publishing market and to take on the task of running ‘institutional repositories’, in effect publishing their scholars’ data and research communications.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-06/c127","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/ec9d4771cf434ec2","nativeRecordCid":"f7aae792-d9e0-4444-b597-9ed147a58deb","documentId":"open-science-source-06","id":"c127","text":"Competing in electronic publishing and running institutional repositories are both important tasks for libraries.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"libraries' new tasks","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Though both tasks are important, neither has an attractive business model.","representedInStars":false}
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{"key":"open-science-source-06/c129","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/e43e46d222734893","nativeRecordCid":"298b2f81-85c1-4297-8500-d1bbc2d43c23","documentId":"open-science-source-06","id":"c129","text":"Libraries must re-publish an open access version of their scholars' output where the research was published in subscription-access journals, in order to overcome the artificial barriers that intellectual property restrictions have erected to data-mining and other forms of automated processing.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"libraries","subject":"open-access re-publishing by libraries","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Re-publishing an open access version of their scholars’ output where research is published in subscription-access journals may seem redundant, but it is essential if the artificial barriers that intellectual property restrictions have erected to data-mining and other forms of automated processing are to be overcome [20].","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-06/c130","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/5ef3891609e54925","nativeRecordCid":"c36c406a-3595-46fc-b9aa-db04155b882f","documentId":"open-science-source-06","id":"c130","text":"Academic publishers are not immune from the disruption that the internet has wrought on other content industries.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"academic publishers","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Academic publishers have been slower to encounter, but are not immune from, the disruption that the internet has wrought on other content industries [34].","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-06/c131","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/f47924f4647541b4","nativeRecordCid":"5158cf8f-57a6-49cd-ac75-fffe4a0225ba","documentId":"open-science-source-06","id":"c131","text":"Academic libraries, the major customers of academic publishers, are facing massive budget cuts.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"academic libraries' budgets","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The academic publishers’ major customers, academic libraries, are facing massive budget cuts [22], and so are unlikely to be a major source of continued revenue.","representedInStars":false}
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{"key":"open-science-source-06/c138","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/e744491ac4304f68","nativeRecordCid":"6fdf5e9e-b63d-45c0-aacb-78f6aeb255d3","documentId":"open-science-source-06","id":"c138","text":"The internet permits the creation of new added-value services relating to search, semantics and integration that present exciting new commercial opportunities.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"new added-value services from the internet","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Conversely, the internet permits the creation of new added-value services relating to search, semantics and integration that present exciting new commercial opportunities.","representedInStars":false}
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{"key":"open-science-source-06/c156","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/d19a38e219b94344","nativeRecordCid":"d1872ca2-ec2f-41b1-967e-55c2eb08a97a","documentId":"open-science-source-06","id":"c156","text":"Other methods of evaluation, including article-level usage metrics, blog comments, discussion on mail lists, press quotes, and other forms of media, are becoming increasingly important reflections of scholarly and public impact.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"alternative evaluation methods","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"We now live in an age in which other methods of evaluation, including article-level usage metrics, blog comments, discussion on mail lists, press quotes, and other forms of media, are becoming increasingly important reflections of scholarly and public impact.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-06/c157","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/2da1556365ef44ea","nativeRecordCid":"ff80e3db-604b-4fd3-9faa-a2ac9c6e2399","documentId":"open-science-source-06","id":"c157","text":"Failure to take alternative evaluation methods into account means the impact and/or quality of a publication is not adequately measured.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"measurement of publication impact/quality","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Failure to take these aspects into account means not only that the impact and/or quality of a publication is not adequately measured, but also that the current incentivization and evaluation system for scholars does not relate well to the actual impact of their activities.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-06/c158","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/fa6e194a7b7842cd","nativeRecordCid":"6148485c-db3e-40a2-9919-2be54fcdd5dc","documentId":"open-science-source-06","id":"c158","text":"Failure to take alternative evaluation methods into account means the current incentivization and evaluation system for scholars does not relate well to the actual impact of their activities.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"scholar incentivization and evaluation system","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Failure to take these aspects into account means not only that the impact and/or quality of a publication is not adequately measured, but also that the current incentivization and evaluation system for scholars does not relate well to the actual impact of their activities.","representedInStars":false}
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{"key":"open-science-source-06/c160","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/9eb2f1fa03af43e6","nativeRecordCid":"8a6d2c2b-2d17-4848-b0a9-da298119aa35","documentId":"open-science-source-06","id":"c160","text":"The journal article or research paper should no longer be thought of as the standard unit of currency by which knowledge is exchanged.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"","subject":"journal article as unit of knowledge exchange","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"One must no longer think of the journal article or research paper as the standard unit of currency by which knowledge is exchanged.","representedInStars":false}
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{"key":"open-science-source-06/c207","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/293f5e40ae174772","nativeRecordCid":"f76ea7b1-1256-4eeb-8945-60fd58653a85","documentId":"open-science-source-06","id":"c207","text":"The scholarly community should be concerned with modes of archiving and sharing papers, data, workflows, models and software as part of its daily research routines.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"the scholarly community","subject":"archiving and sharing scholarly artefacts","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"To begin with, we want the scholarly community to be concerned with modes of archiving and sharing papers, data, workflows, models and software, and with the creation of research objects as part of their daily research routines.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-06/c208","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/f2786ffa03db41d6","nativeRecordCid":"936e1365-ecfb-43f2-bc2d-4eb990551c33","documentId":"open-science-source-06","id":"c208","text":"The scholarly community should be concerned with the creation of research objects as part of its daily research routines.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"the scholarly community","subject":"creation of research objects","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"To begin with, we want the scholarly community to be concerned with modes of archiving and sharing papers, data, workflows, models and software, and with the creation of research objects as part of their daily research routines.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-06/c209","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/1f87740242b44bf0","nativeRecordCid":"eb4f822f-5f23-4f06-867f-f44c0ae4dd71","documentId":"open-science-source-06","id":"c209","text":"Data in 21st Century science are almost always subjected to transformation by software, which undertakes either individual transformation processes or links them into processing workflows.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"transformation of data by software","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Clearly, data in 21st Century science are almost always subjected to transformation by software, that undertakes either individual transformation processes, or links these into processing workflows.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-06/c210","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/99f8c7eb016e4ee8","nativeRecordCid":"88b10358-6aa8-461b-ba7b-d289693cc4a9","documentId":"open-science-source-06","id":"c210","text":"A full record of the research undertaken requires preservation of the processing steps and software tools employed.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"","subject":"preservation of processing steps and software tools","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"A full record of the research undertaken requires preservation of these processing steps and software tools employed, in addition to the datasets upon which they acted.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-06/c211","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/4ce978746899445e","nativeRecordCid":"a9968b84-507f-4a07-a30f-f6623b70ad2f","documentId":"open-science-source-06","id":"c211","text":"A full record of the research undertaken requires preservation of the datasets upon which the processing steps and software tools acted.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"","subject":"preservation of datasets","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"A full record of the research undertaken requires preservation of these processing steps and software tools employed, in addition to the datasets upon which they acted.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-06/c212","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/4dfad883b59e4b02","nativeRecordCid":"226828aa-e9b6-4357-a6d3-5a222cc6aed3","documentId":"open-science-source-06","id":"c212","text":"Efforts at archiving, retrieving and citing digital research objects in standardized ways should be closely linked with open data and open-source software publication approaches.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"","subject":"archiving/citing digital research objects","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Efforts at archiving, retrieving and citing digital research objects in standardized ways should be closely linked with open data and open-source software publication approaches, and should converge on common standards and practices.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-06/c213","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/7ee5a8f84bdf4c4c","nativeRecordCid":"fe0af9af-f9da-4772-afe0-1732a745c937","documentId":"open-science-source-06","id":"c213","text":"Efforts at archiving, retrieving and citing digital research objects in standardized ways should converge on common standards and practices.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"","subject":"archiving/citing digital research objects","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Efforts at archiving, retrieving and citing digital research objects in standardized ways should be closely linked with open data and open-source software publication approaches, and should converge on common standards and practices.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-06/c214","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/05ab3d5400e6423c","nativeRecordCid":"e876742e-d83e-4b7c-9b3d-284d1e63e579","documentId":"open-science-source-06","id":"c214","text":"Citations to datasets and other digital research objects within publications should be treated on a par with the current treatment of bibliographic citations.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"","subject":"citation of datasets and digital research objects","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Citations to datasets and other digital research objects within publications should be treated on a par with the current treatment of bibliographic citations.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-06/c215","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/6b05471625054c86","nativeRecordCid":"d651d067-d5f3-4ffd-8a03-122350ff580c","documentId":"open-science-source-06","id":"c215","text":"Citations to datasets and digital research objects in the text should be made with a standard reference mark (in-text reference pointer).","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"","subject":"in-text citation format","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Citations to these in the text should be made with a standard reference mark (in-text reference pointer) and the full reference should be given in the reference list of the publication, using a resolvable globally unique identifier (URL, DOI, HDL).","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-06/c216","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/2ad56e831895449c","nativeRecordCid":"0a9b9f4e-247f-4205-b84e-72e3978c4e88","documentId":"open-science-source-06","id":"c216","text":"The full reference for a cited dataset or digital research object should be given in the publication's reference list using a resolvable globally unique identifier such as a URL, DOI, or HDL.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"","subject":"reference-list citation format","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Citations to these in the text should be made with a standard reference mark (in-text reference pointer) and the full reference should be given in the reference list of the publication, using a resolvable globally unique identifier (URL, DOI, HDL).","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-06/c217","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/65457d5fa6964227","nativeRecordCid":"f6f52e4e-2ceb-4230-98e5-b3e9e0cc283a","documentId":"open-science-source-06","id":"c217","text":"A formal semantic representation in OWL/RDF of the metadata describing research objects, their provenance, and their relationships to and citations of one another would be very useful.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"OWL/RDF semantic representation of research object metadata","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Additionally, a formal semantic representation in OWL/RDF of the metadata describing these research objects, their provenance, their relationships to and citations of one another, etc., would be very useful and is now achievable.","representedInStars":false}
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{"key":"open-science-source-06/c219","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/997d06356c1343ba","nativeRecordCid":"6b06dc64-64e0-4321-ac95-3163167b0fe5","documentId":"open-science-source-06","id":"c219","text":"Improved tools are required to reduce the labour of creating metadata describing research objects.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"","subject":"tools for metadata creation","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"However, improved tools are required to reduce the labour of creating such metadata.","representedInStars":false}
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{"key":"open-science-source-06/c221","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/35c14f529d7d4f9a","nativeRecordCid":"ce436488-4cf0-4964-b5ba-5789253f8d45","documentId":"open-science-source-06","id":"c221","text":"OA must be promoted and extended for significant change to the scholarly publishing ecosystem to take place.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"","subject":"open access (OA)","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"OA provides the gateway to new modes of scholarly communication, and is the cornerstone that must be promoted and extended if significant change to the scholarly publishing ecosystem is to take place.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-06/c222","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/43373341d2e249a0","nativeRecordCid":"cc201c06-494f-4be6-81a5-17c2117a1ace","documentId":"open-science-source-06","id":"c222","text":"OA per se is not enough.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"open access (OA)","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"But OA per se is not enough.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-06/c223","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/4039997dceef4409","nativeRecordCid":"47760750-8d54-461a-b8a9-cf351805aac1","documentId":"open-science-source-06","id":"c223","text":"OA must be shown to be sustainable through new business models.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"","subject":"open access (OA)","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"It must be shown to be sustainable through new business models, and must be weaved into the academic funding and reward system; neither will be easy.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-06/c224","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/3acd655906f9424a","nativeRecordCid":"84e90d76-9e70-4713-ae0c-8ae2b8867b2a","documentId":"open-science-source-06","id":"c224","text":"OA must be weaved into the academic funding and reward system.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"","subject":"open access (OA)","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"It must be shown to be sustainable through new business models, and must be weaved into the academic funding and reward system; neither will be easy.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-06/c225","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/bd774cdec4264816","nativeRecordCid":"414102e1-c707-45bc-9448-836cc4f2f415","documentId":"open-science-source-06","id":"c225","text":"Making OA sustainable through new business models and weaving it into the academic funding and reward system will not be easy.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"OA sustainability and integration","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"It must be shown to be sustainable through new business models, and must be weaved into the academic funding and reward system; neither will be easy.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-06/c226","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/eb24cf4b63bb4605","nativeRecordCid":"73ab3b13-91e7-43b9-9ee2-a7b53d42d2b7","documentId":"open-science-source-06","id":"c226","text":"Scholarship should conform to OA licenses.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"","subject":"OA license conformance","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Encouragement of conformance to OA licenses.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-06/c227","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/66af53cfc7e541f8","nativeRecordCid":"6e1b4096-77c3-4208-be29-3699e7c06637","documentId":"open-science-source-06","id":"c227","text":"New technologies that assume open access should be developed.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"","subject":"technology development","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Education of others concerning the features and nuances of OA-based scholarship Development of new technologies that assume OA.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-06/c228","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/c331599f773f428e","nativeRecordCid":"3ac200eb-8916-4bb4-b416-0224e6198654","documentId":"open-science-source-06","id":"c228","text":"OA applies to data.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"open access (OA) scope","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Recognition that OA applies not just to research articles, but also to data, software, bibliographic and citation metadata, books and other components of the scientific process, and the whole scholarly enterprise.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-06/c229","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/7bb526459812455f","nativeRecordCid":"12af435d-624f-4e01-a292-b91d0b52b1d7","documentId":"open-science-source-06","id":"c229","text":"OA applies to software.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"open access (OA) scope","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Recognition that OA applies not just to research articles, but also to data, software, bibliographic and citation metadata, books and other components of the scientific process, and the whole scholarly enterprise.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-06/c230","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/5655caacb1a04ec2","nativeRecordCid":"b5fd8d04-c943-48a2-9a1e-639b8102fb85","documentId":"open-science-source-06","id":"c230","text":"OA applies to bibliographic and citation metadata.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"open access (OA) scope","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Recognition that OA applies not just to research articles, but also to data, software, bibliographic and citation metadata, books and other components of the scientific process, and the whole scholarly enterprise.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-06/c231","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/03ef3625978d4cc4","nativeRecordCid":"77650368-c62c-4f59-9f89-d394d55b27e2","documentId":"open-science-source-06","id":"c231","text":"OA applies to books.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"open access (OA) scope","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Recognition that OA applies not just to research articles, but also to data, software, bibliographic and citation metadata, books and other components of the scientific process, and the whole scholarly enterprise.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-06/c232","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/b15824789b4844e3","nativeRecordCid":"f114e721-5733-4f0b-b4bc-94ff19793169","documentId":"open-science-source-06","id":"c232","text":"OA applies to other components of the scientific process.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"open access (OA) scope","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Recognition that OA applies not just to research articles, but also to data, software, bibliographic and citation metadata, books and other components of the scientific process, and the whole scholarly enterprise.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-06/c233","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/0fc44c176a774aef","nativeRecordCid":"903d9551-2501-4edf-947b-2bb83a017a32","documentId":"open-science-source-06","id":"c233","text":"OA applies to the whole scholarly enterprise.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"open access (OA) scope","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Recognition that OA applies not just to research articles, but also to data, software, bibliographic and citation metadata, books and other components of the scientific process, and the whole scholarly enterprise.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-06/c234","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/2c9d0f8e6402475d","nativeRecordCid":"dd267d3d-617c-4b9a-9b7a-33f3a767c815","documentId":"open-science-source-06","id":"c234","text":"OA applies just as appropriately to emergent research objects.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"OA and emergent research objects","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Recognition that OA applies just as appropriately to emergent research objects.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-06/c235","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/1206d3eea3c84938","nativeRecordCid":"ff08c721-4f74-4b1b-b024-e3045c81cd0c","documentId":"open-science-source-06","id":"c235","text":"OA requires sustainable business models.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"","subject":"open access (OA)","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Recognition that OA requires sustainable business models, and commitment to work towards achieving those new business models, that are likely to focus less on the content itself and more on the provision of revenue-generating services that facilitate discovery and reuse of that content in ways that advance scholarship.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-06/c236","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/99e48fee72b34fdd","nativeRecordCid":"abedbc9d-a7ef-4802-a9ca-2a28e7a1c946","documentId":"open-science-source-06","id":"c236","text":"New business models for OA are likely to focus less on the content itself and more on providing revenue-generating services that facilitate discovery and reuse of that content in ways that advance scholarship.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"new business models for OA","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Recognition that OA requires sustainable business models, and commitment to work towards achieving those new business models, that are likely to focus less on the content itself and more on the provision of revenue-generating services that facilitate discovery and reuse of that content in ways that advance scholarship.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-06/c237","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/b22f59aa1feb430a","nativeRecordCid":"5be22026-a333-45cb-b004-3cc7e4dd845d","documentId":"open-science-source-06","id":"c237","text":"Change in the scholarly publishing world is already taking place.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"scholarly publishing world","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The following exemplify that change in the scholarly publishing world is already taking place and is likely to accelerate over time.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-06/c238","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/4c1c3bf4a59445e5","nativeRecordCid":"79244dbd-7bcb-4d48-8610-2c9aa76ba5a3","documentId":"open-science-source-06","id":"c238","text":"Change in the scholarly publishing world is likely to accelerate over time.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"scholarly publishing world","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The following exemplify that change in the scholarly publishing world is already taking place and is likely to accelerate over time.","representedInStars":false}
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{"key":"open-science-source-06/c265","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/3b0504ec5e2c4e0b","nativeRecordCid":"da9eedcb-6497-4f0a-9406-cfd44c45855c","documentId":"open-science-source-06","id":"c265","text":"New products and services may be targeted at reputation management for individuals, institutions, and funding bodies.","kind":"normative","modality":"may","actor":"","subject":"market sectors for new products and services","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"An additional factor that should be taken into account is that there are at least three different market sectors to which new products and services may be targeted: tools for producers (aka researchers), enhanced products for consumers (researchers again), and reputation management (for individuals, institutions, and funding bodies).","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-06/c266","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/ab922ecf74624e80","nativeRecordCid":"021e15ee-35a7-400d-b9fc-1d3e4a392f77","documentId":"open-science-source-06","id":"c266","text":"Scholarly practices, the way science is undertaken, and the possibilities and associated activities of scholarly communication are changing.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"scholarly practices and communication","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Scholarly practices and the way that science is undertaken is changing, as are the possibilities and associated activities of scholarly communication.","representedInStars":true}
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{"key":"open-science-source-06/c268","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/d51c47714f8b4245","nativeRecordCid":"8021cd6c-7f05-4ad9-8d7c-4fa18596e09c","documentId":"open-science-source-06","id":"c268","text":"Impact is a measure of change.","kind":"definitional","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"impact","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Impact is a measure of change.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-06/c269","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/acf22b6830724974","nativeRecordCid":"e9f0bb78-9e2d-4635-9bc9-6a08401b6d98","documentId":"open-science-source-06","id":"c269","text":"Changes can be arbitrarily removed from the immediate outcome.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"changes and outcomes","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Since these changes can be arbitrarily removed from the immediate outcome, one cannot always easily attribute the changes solely to the action performed.","representedInStars":false}
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{"key":"open-science-source-06/c273","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/8c4950b36af94c87","nativeRecordCid":"d5679e67-d767-4dd4-b8d2-8e9b81079ad9","documentId":"open-science-source-06","id":"c273","text":"A communication can have different degrees and even polarities of effect.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"communication","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Similarly, a communication can have different degrees and even polarities of effect.","representedInStars":false}
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{"key":"open-science-source-09/c6","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/728f0d7c5c7a4e97","nativeRecordCid":"72267b11-141e-47ac-a7d4-db6eb9fa5288","documentId":"open-science-source-09","id":"c6","text":"Any relevant group that expresses an interest should be welcome.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"the organisation","subject":"relevant groups","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"where any relevant group may express an interest and should be welcome","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-09/c7","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/96052bf170d0473f","nativeRecordCid":"ab4d27de-16f0-4da9-895d-d986b4d59ab9","documentId":"open-science-source-09","id":"c7","text":"Representation in governance must reflect the character of the community or membership.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"the organisation","subject":"representation in governance","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Representation in governance must reflect the character of the community or membership.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-09/c8","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/16013b2a74e84232","nativeRecordCid":"aef217f8-90eb-4429-85a2-ca84495dcc10","documentId":"open-science-source-09","id":"c8","text":"The processes and policies for governing the organisation and selecting representatives to governance groups should be transparent, within the constraints of privacy laws.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"the organisation","subject":"governance processes and policies","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"the processes and policies for governing the organisation and selecting representatives to governance groups should be transparent (within the constraints of privacy laws)","representedInStars":true}
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{"key":"open-science-source-09/c11","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/fecb14b2f4ab4493","nativeRecordCid":"9bf3397f-865c-41aa-bff2-4e2cb2f352fe","documentId":"open-science-source-09","id":"c11","text":"Supporting its community can include an infrastructure organisation advocating for policy changes.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"supporting the community","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"this can include advocating for policy changes","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-09/c12","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/b3db1f251cbe4d54","nativeRecordCid":"c1b63ae0-6f17-4242-9e0b-1ebf900f62e8","documentId":"open-science-source-09","id":"c12","text":"Organisations should establish and communicate clear commitments regarding their long-term stewardship responsibilities, including the principles by which assets, data, resources, services, and staff would be responsibly transferred to a successor or the organisation or service wound down.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"organisations","subject":"organisations","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"organisations should establish and communicate clear commitments regarding their long-term stewardship responsibilities, including the principles by which assets, data, resources, services, and staff would be responsibly transferred to a successor or the organisation or service wound down","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-09/c13","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/6dec658289054ccc","nativeRecordCid":"a848b0d1-f6b6-4dfe-a3fa-f2cf30c342ad","documentId":"open-science-source-09","id":"c13","text":"The commitments should address future governance, with defined criteria for acceptable successor organisations.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"organisations","subject":"the commitments","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The commitments should address future governance, with defined criteria for acceptable successor organisations.","representedInStars":true}
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{"key":"open-science-source-09/c16","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/9c30713b363b4b98","nativeRecordCid":"1b149eaa-dd1e-432e-94b7-c12f5f9d7f9a","documentId":"open-science-source-09","id":"c16","text":"If no longer needed, organisations and services should take responsible steps to transition or wind down operations in consultation with the community and in alignment with their living will.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"organisations and services","subject":"organisations and services","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"If no longer needed, they should take responsible steps to transition or wind down operations in consultation with the community and in alignment with their living will.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-09/c17","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/c719573397f148ae","nativeRecordCid":"89a9fcf0-7f9c-4a1a-b774-9f91cf38eb21","documentId":"open-science-source-09","id":"c17","text":"The operating policies and procedures, detailed financials, sustainability models, fees, strategic and product roadmaps, organisational charts, and other appropriate operational information should be made openly available, within the constraints of privacy laws.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"the organisation","subject":"operational information","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"the operating policies and procedures, detailed financials, sustainability models, fees, strategic and product roadmaps, organisational charts, and other appropriate operational information should be made openly available (within the constraints of privacy laws)","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-09/c18","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/fd10fd43e99847ae","nativeRecordCid":"d791d936-6698-4756-a407-8b00fb1c7df5","documentId":"open-science-source-09","id":"c18","text":"This information should be available for investigation and reuse by the community.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"the organisation","subject":"operational information","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Information should be available for investigation and reuse by the community.","representedInStars":true}
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{"key":"open-science-source-09/c21","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/1de3077bc1414237","nativeRecordCid":"45188865-e44c-4992-aa21-43eda0556555","documentId":"open-science-source-09","id":"c21","text":"Depending on grants to fully fund ongoing and/or long-term operations distracts organisations from maintaining core infrastructure.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"grant dependency for funding operations","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Depending on grants to fund ongoing and/or long-term operations fully makes organisations fragile and distracts from maintaining core infrastructure.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-09/c22","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/1d1b9124ce7a4e7d","nativeRecordCid":"50d397a7-0b94-4fea-a787-830551a96da6","documentId":"open-science-source-09","id":"c22","text":"Organisations and services must be able to adapt and change, not merely survive.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"organisations and services","subject":"organisations and services","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"it is not enough to merely survive; organisations and services have to be able to adapt and change","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-09/c23","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/569a450d291842e6","nativeRecordCid":"7cb35782-804c-42a2-b8a8-7bb1706ffd9b","documentId":"open-science-source-09","id":"c23","text":"Organisations and services that define long-term sustainability based only on recovering costs risk becoming brittle and stagnant.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"organisations defining sustainability by cost recovery","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Organisations and services that define long-term sustainability based only on recovering costs risk becoming brittle and stagnant.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-09/c24","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/4ff0180083a5400b","nativeRecordCid":"240246c5-ab4a-43e2-bc95-714ec6b4100e","documentId":"open-science-source-09","id":"c24","text":"Organisations and services must have financial resources beyond immediate operating costs to weather economic, social and technological volatility.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"organisations and services","subject":"organisations and services","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"organisations and services need financial resources beyond immediate operating costs","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-09/c25","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/4e03bf32114648d6","nativeRecordCid":"8c15eca9-3644-49c9-a183-2b4eadb4fe7c","documentId":"open-science-source-09","id":"c25","text":"Organisations and services should have a clear policy on maintaining financial reserves, including the purpose, minimum and maximum level, and governance of these funds.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"organisations and services","subject":"organisations and services","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"organisations and services should have a clear policy on maintaining financial reserves, including the purpose, minimum and maximum level, and governance of these funds","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-09/c26","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/4cb7d1b3a68e465d","nativeRecordCid":"7104af96-c1d2-4502-8108-c0e8dc226b51","documentId":"open-science-source-09","id":"c26","text":"The actual level of reserves should be determined and periodically reviewed by the governing body, ensuring that resources are available to support Living Will implementation, including an orderly wind-down, transition to a successor, or response to major unforeseen events.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"the governing body","subject":"level of financial reserves","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The actual level of reserves should be determined and periodically reviewed by the governing body, ensuring that resources are available to support Living Will implementation, including an orderly wind-down, transition to a successor, or response to major unforeseen events.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-09/c27","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/c44d08df3d5d4cee","nativeRecordCid":"30d7663f-72e6-498a-867a-ea1fd289f8cf","documentId":"open-science-source-09","id":"c27","text":"A financial reserve policy may include how funds will be held.","kind":"normative","modality":"may","actor":"the organisation","subject":"financial reserve policy","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"A financial reserve policy might include how funds will be held, under what circumstances they will be used, and how much would be necessary for an adequate wind-down or transfer of assets, given the complexity of the organisation’s infrastructure.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-09/c28","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/7ef6f3bbc5aa47f0","nativeRecordCid":"efdec9a3-6dc7-479f-af43-149fc46bfd52","documentId":"open-science-source-09","id":"c28","text":"A financial reserve policy may include under what circumstances funds will be used.","kind":"normative","modality":"may","actor":"the organisation","subject":"financial reserve policy","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"A financial reserve policy might include how funds will be held, under what circumstances they will be used, and how much would be necessary for an adequate wind-down or transfer of assets, given the complexity of the organisation’s infrastructure.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-09/c29","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/1bdcee27e46647a5","nativeRecordCid":"c282ccb0-ff07-4035-becb-4c3a3f969f14","documentId":"open-science-source-09","id":"c29","text":"A financial reserve policy may include how much would be necessary for an adequate wind-down or transfer of assets, given the complexity of the organisation's infrastructure.","kind":"normative","modality":"may","actor":"the organisation","subject":"financial reserve policy","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"A financial reserve policy might include how funds will be held, under what circumstances they will be used, and how much would be necessary for an adequate wind-down or transfer of assets, given the complexity of the organisation’s infrastructure.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-09/c30","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/34b313d00bd547f2","nativeRecordCid":"e2afd0a8-efe6-48fa-b2ab-00b9debdb648","documentId":"open-science-source-09","id":"c30","text":"Revenue sources should be evaluated against the infrastructure's mission and not run counter to the aims of the organisation or service.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"the organisation","subject":"revenue sources","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"revenue sources should be evaluated against the infrastructure’s mission and not run counter to the aims of the organisation or service","representedInStars":true}
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{"key":"open-science-source-09/c38","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/7b22f68401f14986","nativeRecordCid":"4c707143-4b35-4c21-a175-6f96b7124894","documentId":"open-science-source-09","id":"c38","text":"Organisations that are heavily dependent on a limited number of individuals should take steps to reduce their dependence on these individuals, including via transition and succession planning.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"organisations that are heavily dependent on a limited number of individuals","subject":"dependence on a limited number of individuals","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"organisations that are heavily dependent on a limited number of individuals should take steps to reduce their dependence on these individuals, including via transition and succession planning, so that the organisation is not at risk of collapse in the event of their departure","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-09/c39","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/6c79bfa45aa345db","nativeRecordCid":"936be5a4-54b5-40d8-995b-f52145290418","documentId":"open-science-source-09","id":"c39","text":"All software and non-physical assets required to run the infrastructure should be available under an open-source licence, though this does not include other software that may be involved with running the organisation.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"the organisation","subject":"software and non-physical assets required to run the infrastructure","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"all software and non-physical assets required to run the infrastructure should be available under an open-source licence. This does not include other software that may be involved with running the organisation.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-09/c40","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/1a9e2f27d9b84e28","nativeRecordCid":"c3d0b0b1-42c2-41ac-8439-fcbf874a69df","documentId":"open-science-source-09","id":"c40","text":"Infrastructure should aim to make all relevant data openly available, following best practices such as applying a CC0 waiver where appropriate, to support potential forking or replication.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"infrastructure","subject":"infrastructure data openness","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"infrastructure should aim to make all relevant data openly available, following best practices such as applying a CC0 waiver where appropriate","representedInStars":true}
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{"key":"open-science-source-09/c43","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/e066a08a579942f2","nativeRecordCid":"83d387f8-1a87-45d2-9033-23d9923f61aa","documentId":"open-science-source-09","id":"c43","text":"Content, data, and software must be practically obtainable, not merely nominally open.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"the organisation","subject":"content, data, and software","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"it is not enough that content, data, and software be “open” if there is no practical way to obtain them","representedInStars":true}
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{"key":"open-science-source-09/c45","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/65aeca1d89cc41e6","nativeRecordCid":"898c0ec9-8973-44ca-a64a-4bb6a7c92f98","documentId":"open-science-source-09","id":"c45","text":"Content, data, and software should have an open licence where possible.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"the organisation","subject":"content, data, and software","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"These resources should be made easily available with clear public documentation about where they are and how to access them, as well as an open licence where possible.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-09/c46","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/b0c008556cef41a1","nativeRecordCid":"2f563c75-3064-4f3b-afaf-211e72441ace","documentId":"open-science-source-09","id":"c46","text":"Content, data, and software must be deposited with at least one trusted third-party digital archive, in line with the Living Will.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"the organisation","subject":"content, data, and software","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"In line with the Living Will, it is essential to deposit content, data, and software with at least one trusted third-party digital archive.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-09/c47","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/8c1d34c708ad4c3b","nativeRecordCid":"3e0d8e93-e8c0-4320-bd79-6ffdf725c2f4","documentId":"open-science-source-09","id":"c47","text":"The organisation should commit to a patent non-assertion policy or covenant.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"the organisation","subject":"patent policy","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"the organisation should commit to a patent non-assertion policy or covenant","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-09/c48","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/8ca539de5d4a4381","nativeRecordCid":"133e92b5-dc69-411e-8b89-48ee2d95ded5","documentId":"open-science-source-09","id":"c48","text":"The organisation may obtain patents to protect its own operations.","kind":"normative","modality":"may","actor":"the organisation","subject":"patents","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The organisation may obtain patents to protect its own operations, but not use them to prevent the community from replicating the infrastructure.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-09/c49","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/51b94acc7d834973","nativeRecordCid":"5b642b1b-8deb-4901-88b5-7218fbd0c65c","documentId":"open-science-source-09","id":"c49","text":"The organisation must not use patents to prevent the community from replicating the infrastructure.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"the organisation","subject":"patents","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The organisation may obtain patents to protect its own operations, but not use them to prevent the community from replicating the infrastructure.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-09/c50","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/79bd8bb39de24cd6","nativeRecordCid":"32d2901c-0138-4123-9eb3-70a2934d286a","documentId":"open-science-source-09","id":"c50","text":"Infrastructures should adopt and support widely accepted open standards, both formal and de facto, to ensure that systems, data, and services can be replicated, migrated, or integrated with minimal disruption without the use of proprietary extensions or software.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"infrastructures","subject":"open standards adoption","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"infrastructures should adopt and support widely accepted open standards—both formal and de facto—to ensure that systems, data, and services can be replicated, migrated, or integrated with minimal disruption without the use of proprietary extensions or software","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-09/c51","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/67f7c1ede4424f88","nativeRecordCid":"8e69e84e-3201-4f8c-9e48-89399b261b6b","documentId":"open-science-source-09","id":"c51","text":"Where relevant, organisations should document dependencies on standards.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"organisations","subject":"documentation of standards dependencies","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Where relevant, organisations should document dependencies on standards.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-09/c52","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/dcb050fad8c94505","nativeRecordCid":"5b4e09b2-c31a-4a4d-a600-b656153b2b21","documentId":"open-science-source-09","id":"c52","text":"The community, not infrastructure organisations, should collectively drive regulatory change.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"the community","subject":"regulatory change","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"the community, not infrastructure organisations, should collectively drive regulatory change","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-09/c53","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/445609056a794c12","nativeRecordCid":"5fb32daa-045a-47f6-8ffc-404f0c17a0ef","documentId":"open-science-source-09","id":"c53","text":"An infrastructure organisation's role is to provide a base for others to work on.","kind":"definitional","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"an infrastructure organisation's role","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"An infrastructure organisation’s role is to provide a base for others to work on","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-09/c54","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/78e932c5d0374fbc","nativeRecordCid":"d9ec2899-858d-4540-a973-497abd953db8","documentId":"open-science-source-09","id":"c54","text":"An infrastructure organisation should depend on its community to support the creation of a legislative environment that affects it.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"an infrastructure organisation","subject":"infrastructure organisation's dependence on community","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"should depend on its community to support the creation of a legislative environment that affects it","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-09/c55","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/b9280828daab4d99","nativeRecordCid":"ac0f50ab-6892-404e-baa1-831a7c847dc5","documentId":"open-science-source-09","id":"c55","text":"Organisations should publicly describe a plan addressing the conditions under which the organisation would be wound down, how this would happen, and how any ongoing assets could be archived and preserved when passed to a successor organisation.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"organisations","subject":"living will plan","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"a powerful way to create trust is to publicly describe a plan addressing the condition under which an organisation would be wound down, how this would happen, and how any ongoing assets could be archived and preserved when passed to a successor organisation","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-09/c56","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/065fa73daf0e4a4c","nativeRecordCid":"65725819-c5bf-48b7-89b0-aac5eff03a94","documentId":"open-science-source-09","id":"c56","text":"A successor organisation must honour this same set of principles.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"a successor organisation","subject":"successor organisation's adherence to principles","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Any such organisation would need to honour this same set of principles.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-09/c57","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/0fbd73b50dad45ce","nativeRecordCid":"e9bf3e60-1f16-41ac-8432-c7048b3a0afc","documentId":"open-science-source-09","id":"c57","text":"Infrastructures exist for a specific purpose.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"infrastructures","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"infrastructures exist for a specific purpose","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-09/c58","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/cb5e480190194786","nativeRecordCid":"7973f386-03be-4337-90fd-3efd99d72e79","documentId":"open-science-source-09","id":"c58","text":"An infrastructure's purpose can be radically simplified or even rendered unnecessary by technological or social change.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"an infrastructure's purpose","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"that purpose can be radically simplified or even rendered unnecessary by technological or social change","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-09/c59","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/1b9ccacc93cc4cd8","nativeRecordCid":"3d9a868f-cc01-43d5-be14-9972d0b7ed19","documentId":"open-science-source-09","id":"c59","text":"If it is possible, the organisation and staff should have direct incentives to deliver on the mission and wind down.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"the organisation (and staff)","subject":"incentives to fulfil mission and wind down","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"If it is possible the organisation (and staff) should have direct incentives to deliver on the mission and wind down.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-09/c60","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/99e74cfa9fcc4235","nativeRecordCid":"fc15fe48-6b43-4251-bef5-1b49341743f4","documentId":"open-science-source-09","id":"c60","text":"Generating a contingency fund that can support a complete, orderly wind down should be a high priority.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"organisations","subject":"contingency fund","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"a high priority should be generating a contingency fund that can support a complete, orderly wind down (12 months in most cases)","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-09/c61","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/1d1230ec77b74b73","nativeRecordCid":"2de55c24-5a3e-4595-9d17-242f0d61d06e","documentId":"open-science-source-09","id":"c61","text":"The contingency fund should be separate from those allocated to covering operating risk and investment in development.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"organisations","subject":"contingency fund","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"This fund should be separate from those allocated to covering operating risk and investment in development.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-09/c62","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/225e1e1b49214d1e","nativeRecordCid":"e4f75470-e371-4fba-a393-b5530bcfdea5","documentId":"open-science-source-09","id":"c62","text":"For an infrastructure to be forked, it will be necessary to replicate all relevant data.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"forking an infrastructure","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"For an infrastructure to be forked it will be necessary to replicate all relevant data.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-09/c63","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/79b97e5240aa4fdb","nativeRecordCid":"485132e7-251f-4f58-a388-8fd85ee851f3","documentId":"open-science-source-09","id":"c63","text":"The CC0 waiver is best practice in making data legally available.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"the CC0 waiver","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The CC0 waiver is best practice in making data legally available.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-09/c64","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/2f5d241de0e4429f","nativeRecordCid":"7da2e89f-c510-43a3-98b1-6d2130e08cb3","documentId":"open-science-source-09","id":"c64","text":"Privacy and data protection laws limit the extent to which data can be made legally available.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"privacy and data protection laws","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Privacy and data protection laws will limit the extent to which this is possible","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-09/c65","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/ada6a2f929744c2b","nativeRecordCid":"ecdc60e0-0f35-46f4-8454-6fd77dfd04aa","documentId":"open-science-source-09","id":"c65","text":"Underlying data should be made easily available via periodic data dumps.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"the organisation","subject":"underlying data","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Underlying data should be made easily available via periodic data dumps.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-10/c1","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/1c772e9a63b34812","nativeRecordCid":"4089771a-728d-4d20-8efb-97b96970cfc3","documentId":"open-science-source-10","id":"c1","text":"Scholarly knowledge is a public good.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"scholarly knowledge","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Discussions during the Summit reaffirmed the view that scholarly knowledge is a public good and that scholarly communication should remain governed by the scholarly communities that create and sustain it.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-10/c2","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/d51f0eb6313e46a5","nativeRecordCid":"50b4800b-f3bf-4ce7-8439-04fa1a9f4cb3","documentId":"open-science-source-10","id":"c2","text":"Scholarly communication should remain governed by the scholarly communities that create and sustain it.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"","subject":"scholarly communication governance","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Discussions during the Summit reaffirmed the view that scholarly knowledge is a public good and that scholarly communication should remain governed by the scholarly communities that create and sustain it.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-10/c3","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/4b8815fe2a694d0e","nativeRecordCid":"ad86e130-86fe-45c7-8d58-eb76ac174330","documentId":"open-science-source-10","id":"c3","text":"Diamond Open Access is a community governed model.","kind":"definitional","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"Diamond Open Access","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Diamond Open Access is a community governed[ 2] model that enables equitable participation in global knowledge production, operating on a no-fee basis for both authors and readers.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-10/c4","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/f7fa8afab71f4e95","nativeRecordCid":"77c221d2-bfc5-4352-8961-27e5c635ac48","documentId":"open-science-source-10","id":"c4","text":"Diamond Open Access enables equitable participation in global knowledge production.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"Diamond Open Access","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Diamond Open Access is a community governed[ 2] model that enables equitable participation in global knowledge production, operating on a no-fee basis for both authors and readers.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-10/c5","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/54be6a13a42c43d5","nativeRecordCid":"326421e4-087a-408a-bf66-ed3c83147b92","documentId":"open-science-source-10","id":"c5","text":"A coordinated global transition toward the Diamond Open Access model is supported through public investment, shared infrastructure, and responsible governance.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"transition toward Diamond Open Access","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"A coordinated global transition toward this model is supported through public investment, shared infrastructure, and responsible governance.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-10/c6","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/bb959bbdb53346eb","nativeRecordCid":"4c8bd1b8-33b9-4401-8c45-608137cad706","documentId":"open-science-source-10","id":"c6","text":"The 'Conclusions and Way Forward' of the 1st Global Summit, the Manifesto on Science as a Global Public Good, and the 'Toluca-Cape Town Declaration' contributed to ongoing international discussions on scholarly communication as a public good, community-led approaches to Diamond Open Access, and more equitable and inclusive models of knowledge dissemination.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"prior Diamond OA summit outcomes","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The ‘Conclusions and Way Forward’ of the 1st Global Summit on Diamond Open Access (Toluca, México, 18–23 October 2023), the Manifesto on Science as a Global Public Good (2023), and the ‘Toluca-Cape Town Declaration’ resulting from the 2nd Global Summit on Diamond Open Access (8–14 December 2024) contributed to ongoing international discussions on scholarly communication as a public good, community-led approaches to Diamond Open Access, and more equitable and inclusive models of knowledge dissemination.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-10/c7","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/59ac26fe0c2f4122","nativeRecordCid":"dbe863bf-a0b1-4331-a060-8bcb9f487bfd","documentId":"open-science-source-10","id":"c7","text":"Diamond Open Access reflects the principles affirmed in Articles 19 and 27 of the Universal Declaration of Human Rights, including the rights to see, receive and impart information to participate in and benefit from scientific progress and its applications.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"Diamond Open Access","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Diamond Open Access reflects the principles affirmed in Articles 19 and 27 of the Universal Declaration of Human Rights, including the rights to see, receive and impart information to participate in and the benefit from scientific progress and its applications.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-10/c8","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/9a70c23d67fc4d3d","nativeRecordCid":"a0bac8e8-04ba-4d72-9d38-b6db40d9cca7","documentId":"open-science-source-10","id":"c8","text":"Diamond Open Access aligns with the UNESCO Recommendation on Open Science (2021), the UN Global Digital Compact (2024), and the Council of the European Union Conclusions (2023).","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"Diamond Open Access","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"It aligns with the UNESCO Recommendation on Open Science (2021), the UN Global Digital Compact (2024),_","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-10/c9","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/3360de06a47f41a9","nativeRecordCid":"ae56201c-782d-422d-ba62-8d20269c6fe2","documentId":"open-science-source-10","id":"c9","text":"Governments and policy makers should embed Diamond Open Access within national science policies.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"governments and policy makers","subject":"national science policies","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Governments and policy makers are encouraged to embed Diamond Open Access within national science policies and direct public investment toward community governed knowledge systems, in order to preserve the sovereignty of the scholarly community over the full scholarly communication ecosystem, including editorial processes, publishing infrastructures, metadata, and dissemination systems.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-10/c10","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/61d73b67fc3f42c5","nativeRecordCid":"0b4d4ab0-4770-4750-9766-0931c9368ada","documentId":"open-science-source-10","id":"c10","text":"Governments and policy makers should direct public investment toward community governed knowledge systems.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"governments and policy makers","subject":"public investment","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Governments and policy makers are encouraged to embed Diamond Open Access within national science policies and direct public investment toward community governed knowledge systems, in order to preserve the sovereignty of the scholarly community over the full scholarly communication ecosystem, including editorial processes, publishing infrastructures, metadata, and dissemination systems.","representedInStars":false}
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{"key":"open-science-source-10/c72","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/757496fa8ab14cff","nativeRecordCid":"a380876b-8ad9-4e23-9e95-8fc40e5d3fa0","documentId":"open-science-source-10","id":"c72","text":"A freemium arrangement is one wherein a free service charges money for additional features.","kind":"definitional","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"freemium arrangement","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Stable, structural funding from public and philanthropic sources, as well as innovative models such as ‘freemium’ arrangements, wherein a free service charges money for additional features, is important to sustain Diamond Open Access over the long term.","representedInStars":false}
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{"key":"open-science-source-10/c75","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/b5e23fd6afd64bc4","nativeRecordCid":"6cc2ae5a-d062-4143-af89-50f4b4e375db","documentId":"open-science-source-10","id":"c75","text":"Governments, research funding organisations, and institutions should redirect a defined and predictable share of existing publishing expenditures away from Article Processing Charges and Transformative Agreements and towards sustaining community-owned platforms, repositories, preservation services, metadata systems, and shared editorial support.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"governments, research funding organisations, and institutions","subject":"publishing expenditures","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Governments, research funding organisations, and institutions are encouraged to redirect a defined and predictable share of existing publishing expenditures away from Article Processing Charges and Transformative Agreements and towards sustaining community-owned platforms, repositories, preservation services, metadata systems, and shared editorial support.","representedInStars":false}
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{"key":"open-science-source-10/c78","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/c32086f50bb5474d","nativeRecordCid":"9faf343f-5940-4bbd-badb-39df069ab1db","documentId":"open-science-source-10","id":"c78","text":"Trust must be embedded within platform governance.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"","subject":"trust","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Quality, trust, and research integrity must be embedded within platform governance.","representedInStars":true}
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{"key":"open-science-source-10/c80","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/6c587a79f9fd4166","nativeRecordCid":"e56a5f96-0832-4e9f-8def-f4cf69070094","documentId":"open-science-source-10","id":"c80","text":"Community governed frameworks for editorial standards, peer review transparency, and responsible AI use can develop progressively and equitably, ensuring that standards raise quality without excluding under-resourced journals.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"community governed frameworks","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Community governed frameworks for editorial standards, peer review transparency, and responsible AI use can develop progressively and equitably, ensuring that standards raise quality without excluding under-resourced journals.","representedInStars":false}
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{"key":"open-science-source-10/c84","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/39782acd64b44e86","nativeRecordCid":"1d27c5fd-69ac-4d92-b201-643e38bf1a18","documentId":"open-science-source-10","id":"c84","text":"Diamond Open Access journals and repositories support evidence-based policy making.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"Diamond Open Access journals and repositories","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Diamond Open Access journals and repositories are societal assets that connect science with society, enable locally-grounded knowledge production, preserve linguistic and cultural diversity, and support evidence-based policy making.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-10/c85","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/927881f0d1fa41d1","nativeRecordCid":"f562759c-c073-4876-abc1-e41a6c6be890","documentId":"open-science-source-10","id":"c85","text":"All stakeholders should communicate the public value of Diamond Open Access beyond academia to secure sustained political and institutional commitment.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"all stakeholders","subject":"public value communication","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"All stakeholders are invited to communicate their public value beyond academia to secure sustained political and institutional commitment.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-10/c86","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/681c4fad2fc94d81","nativeRecordCid":"7efd2ff0-51b2-4b35-8bdb-95afe112f91a","documentId":"open-science-source-10","id":"c86","text":"The success of Diamond Open Access depends on research evaluation systems evolving in parallel.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"Diamond Open Access success","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The success of Diamond Open Access depends on research evaluation systems evolving in parallel.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-10/c87","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/ef18cfc1336449c2","nativeRecordCid":"b1c742fc-2982-4b1e-a4d7-84695a4cb12e","documentId":"open-science-source-10","id":"c87","text":"Current metric-driven regimes, heavily reliant on journal-based indicators and commercially indexed venues, create structural disincentives for publishing in Diamond Open Access publications, platforms, and repositories.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"metric-driven evaluation regimes","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Current metric-driven regimes, heavily reliant on journal-based indicators and commercially indexed venues, create structural disincentives for publishing in Diamond Open Access publications, platforms, and repositories.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-10/c88","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/ce42b37a90414843","nativeRecordCid":"d0a02c30-9b1b-4ec0-96b1-cf370ddac464","documentId":"open-science-source-10","id":"c88","text":"Reforming research assessment is central to the legitimacy of Diamond Open Access.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"research assessment reform","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Reforming research","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-10/c89","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/c75c3a884ed54d29","nativeRecordCid":"dc6a8b6b-14ef-431a-8197-99aac6cfd45d","documentId":"open-science-source-10","id":"c89","text":"Reforming research assessment is central to the sustainability of Diamond Open Access.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"research assessment reform","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"assessment is therefore central to its legitimacy and sustainability.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-10/c90","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/17a551b8882a40ad","nativeRecordCid":"99350a20-c352-4dd7-887f-91ff1e97737c","documentId":"open-science-source-10","id":"c90","text":"Assessment bodies and institutions should move beyond exclusive reliance on journal impact factors and quantitative output metrics, adopting qualitative, context-sensitive, and narrative-based approaches that recognise the full research package.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"assessment bodies and institutions","subject":"research assessment approaches","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Assessment bodies and institutions are invited to move beyond exclusive reliance on journal impact factors and quantitative output metrics, adopting qualitative, context-sensitive, and nar-","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-10/c91","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/b23f5d7ea27a4764","nativeRecordCid":"f734df86-1ef5-4d93-acd8-0cf11c4e2400","documentId":"open-science-source-10","id":"c91","text":"Editors, peer reviewers, and infrastructure stewards need to be recognised as equal contributors to the scholarly discussion.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"","subject":"editors, peer reviewers, infrastructure stewards","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Editors, peer reviewers, and infrastructure stewards need to be recognised as equal contributors to the scholarly discussion.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-10/c92","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/8ab61ce13d1047a0","nativeRecordCid":"a65f38e9-b23c-442f-909d-01975858c17d","documentId":"open-science-source-10","id":"c92","text":"Governments and institutions should review and, where appropriate, remove regulatory and normative barriers that privilege commercial metrics.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"governments and institutions","subject":"regulatory barriers","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Governments and institutions are encouraged to review and, where appropriate, remove regulatory and normative barriers that privilege commercial metrics.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-10/c93","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/26022589d9ce4215","nativeRecordCid":"6941c1dc-ec3f-4eb6-8a10-a9b6925ffac7","documentId":"open-science-source-10","id":"c93","text":"Open Science roadmaps and national research strategies can recognise Diamond Open Access publications, multilingual scholarship, and community governed venues as credible outputs.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"Open Science roadmaps","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"They can ensure that Open Science road-","representedInStars":false}
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{"key":"open-science-source-10/c95","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/39d5a43a1b634fb0","nativeRecordCid":"324ff475-5d35-4c87-ba3e-3f4832641689","documentId":"open-science-source-10","id":"c95","text":"All stakeholders should support policy reform grounded in academic freedom, social justice, and public accountability.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"all stakeholders","subject":"policy reform","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"All stakeholders are invited to build a stronger evidence base that demonstrates the inefficiencies, inequities, and societal costs of current publishing and evaluation systems, and to support policy reform grounded in academic freedom, social justice, and public accountability.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-10/c96","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/9eecb8957944413d","nativeRecordCid":"2cdd68ab-4570-4577-b49d-1d4c0d1de26a","documentId":"open-science-source-10","id":"c96","text":"Early Career Researchers are central to the future of Diamond Open Access.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"Early Career Researchers","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Early Career Researchers (ECRs) are central to the future of Diamond Open Access.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-10/c97","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/557221df7b2844e0","nativeRecordCid":"347f4f35-2ff1-4799-ba68-0614d09e65a6","documentId":"open-science-source-10","id":"c97","text":"Early Career Researchers are disproportionately affected by current incentive systems.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"Early Career Researchers","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"While they are disproportionately affected by current incentive systems, they represent the generation that will determine whether community governed publishing becomes the norm.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-10/c98","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/993f858662504c84","nativeRecordCid":"7548237b-d8c9-4d7e-be68-6c10d6d35f70","documentId":"open-science-source-10","id":"c98","text":"Early Career Researchers represent the generation that will determine whether community governed publishing becomes the norm.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"Early Career Researchers","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"While they are disproportionately affected by current incentive systems, they represent the generation that will determine whether community governed publishing becomes the norm.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-10/c99","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/e80e2c9b4c424cfc","nativeRecordCid":"fab81423-671a-4d6a-b148-551a7c814853","documentId":"open-science-source-10","id":"c99","text":"Metric-driven evaluation systems expose Early Career Researchers to genuine professional risk when publishing in Diamond Open Access channels.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"metric-driven evaluation systems","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Metric-driven evaluation systems expose ECRs to genuine professional risk when publishing in Diamond Open Access channels.","representedInStars":false}
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{"key":"open-science-source-10/c102","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/82b8d993397144d8","nativeRecordCid":"82ce7527-8e45-42c6-9096-733d441956d0","documentId":"open-science-source-10","id":"c102","text":"Universities and research performing organisations should integrate knowledge of ethical publishing, open peer review, data stewardship, and community governance into doctoral and post-doctoral training programmes.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"universities and research performing organisations","subject":"doctoral training programmes","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Universities and research performing organisations are called on to inte-","representedInStars":false}
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{"key":"open-science-source-10/c105","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/415b76fd89ce4279","nativeRecordCid":"507ca441-c2d3-4e73-b10e-9bf0f77147b8","documentId":"open-science-source-10","id":"c105","text":"All stakeholders should ensure that Diamond Open Access does not rely on precarious or invisible labour.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"all stakeholders","subject":"labour in Diamond Open Access","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"All stakeholders are encouraged to ensure that Diamond Open Access does not rely on precarious or invisible labour, and that redirecting public funding toward community-owned infrastructures reflects a shared commitment to the next generation of scholars.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-10/c106","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/8f3ade7b045d4670","nativeRecordCid":"f6ba008d-de7f-4034-bd7d-ec947d6c7dc2","documentId":"open-science-source-10","id":"c106","text":"All stakeholders should ensure that redirecting public funding toward community-owned infrastructures reflects a shared commitment to the next generation of scholars.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"all stakeholders","subject":"public funding redirection","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"All stakeholders are encouraged to ensure that Diamond Open Access does not rely on precarious or invisible labour, and that redirecting public funding toward community-owned infrastructures reflects a shared commitment to the next generation of scholars.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-10/c107","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/e9b81c549efc443a","nativeRecordCid":"bfee1e4c-687c-409e-8300-cec401f38f55","documentId":"open-science-source-10","id":"c107","text":"The development and deployment of Artificial Intelligence in scholarly communication must be progressive and equitable.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"","subject":"AI in scholarly communication","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The development and deployment of Artificial Intelligence (AI) in scholarly communication requires progressive and equitable integration, with strong safeguards to protect the integrity and openness of the scholarly record.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-10/c108","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/e4cea4c4518c4edf","nativeRecordCid":"57a5657c-b242-4ec0-9143-808e49122f3e","documentId":"open-science-source-10","id":"c108","text":"The development and deployment of Artificial Intelligence in scholarly communication requires strong safeguards to protect the integrity and openness of the scholarly record.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"","subject":"AI in scholarly communication","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The development and deployment of Artificial Intelligence (AI) in scholarly communication requires progressive and equitable integration, with strong safeguards to protect the integrity and openness of the scholarly record.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-10/c109","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/d2020e2d47e94e11","nativeRecordCid":"c468eede-1b1a-4b3a-9db0-22bc22c555c4","documentId":"open-science-source-10","id":"c109","text":"AI-assisted tools for translation, editorial support, metadata generation, and discovery systems will facilitate accessibility when used responsibly and under rigorous and ethical human oversight.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"AI-assisted tools","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"It is expected that AI-assisted tools for translation, editorial support, metadata generation, and discovery systems will facilitate accessibility and efficiency when used responsibly and under rigorous and ethical human oversight.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-10/c110","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/f2e04806c99642f7","nativeRecordCid":"6c970ae6-74a9-4f21-bc69-4245c1e6b211","documentId":"open-science-source-10","id":"c110","text":"AI-assisted tools for translation, editorial support, metadata generation, and discovery systems will facilitate efficiency when used responsibly and under rigorous and ethical human oversight.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"AI-assisted tools","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"It is expected that AI-assisted tools for translation, editorial support, metadata generation, and discovery systems will facilitate accessibility and efficiency when used responsibly and under rigorous and ethical human oversight.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-10/c111","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/d834002c3fa444fa","nativeRecordCid":"8e506dcc-9436-4856-a8f5-4e2a0562c893","documentId":"open-science-source-10","id":"c111","text":"Responsible use of AI is essential to ensure proper recognition of authorship and intellectual contribution.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"","subject":"responsible AI use","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Responsible use is also essential to ensure proper recognition of authorship and intellectual contribution, as AI systems trained on openly available scholarly outputs are discouraged from obscuring or appropriating the work of researchers and research teams.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-10/c112","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/d0e9d39e622b48ef","nativeRecordCid":"d7fdf1f7-1575-4dcb-bf7d-e0695e9ec613","documentId":"open-science-source-10","id":"c112","text":"AI systems trained on openly available scholarly outputs should not obscure or appropriate the work of researchers and research teams.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"","subject":"AI systems","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Responsible use is also essential to ensure proper recognition of authorship and intellectual contribution, as AI systems trained on openly available scholarly outputs are discouraged from obscuring or appropriating the work of researchers and research teams.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-10/c113","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/0604105c083b44cf","nativeRecordCid":"2c1341d3-f4d1-4912-85f0-348c2029fbbf","documentId":"open-science-source-10","id":"c113","text":"Clearer norms for attribution, transparency in the use of AI training data, and mechanisms to acknowledge and credit original authors will provide further safeguards.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"norms for AI attribution","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Clearer norms for attribution, transparency in the use of AI training data, and","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-10/c114","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/f5ca8b34f18e4482","nativeRecordCid":"bab7c51e-0c87-4271-9b66-820de3f61fbb","documentId":"open-science-source-10","id":"c114","text":"AI systems may absorb openly accessible scholarly content and repurpose it within closed, commercial platforms without appropriate attribution, transparency, or reciprocity.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"AI systems","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"At the same time, there is growing concern that AI systems may absorb openly accessible scholarly content and repurpose it within closed, commercial platforms without appropriate attribution, transparency, or reciprocity.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-10/c115","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/07dd5a7e12184ffa","nativeRecordCid":"35bb196a-0b47-4f4a-bda5-f00c01ad3e13","documentId":"open-science-source-10","id":"c115","text":"Such AI practices risk undermining the principles of openness.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"AI repurposing practices","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Such practices risk undermining the principles of openness and the collective investment that sustains public knowledge infrastructures.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-10/c116","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/4027b1160814485b","nativeRecordCid":"7bc9538c-c197-4155-a285-f4f5eff87867","documentId":"open-science-source-10","id":"c116","text":"Such AI practices risk undermining the collective investment that sustains public knowledge infrastructures.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"AI repurposing practices","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Such practices risk undermining the principles of openness and the collective investment that sustains public knowledge infrastructures.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-10/c117","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/3895d23084694a1d","nativeRecordCid":"7baa7b5f-a4f5-4597-af89-12ebc3fc950e","documentId":"open-science-source-10","id":"c117","text":"All stakeholders should develop responsible AI governance frameworks that ensure transparency in data use.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"all stakeholders","subject":"AI governance frameworks","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The Roadmap therefore invites all stakeholders to develop responsible AI governance frameworks that ensure transparency in data use, protect open scholarly resources from enclosure within proprietary systems, and uphold the values of Diamond Open Access and the global knowledge commons.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-10/c118","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/6fd0db17b7ba4972","nativeRecordCid":"bcfd017d-60c6-4b32-aa4b-18e831ef2ad2","documentId":"open-science-source-10","id":"c118","text":"All stakeholders should develop responsible AI governance frameworks that protect open scholarly resources from enclosure within proprietary systems.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"all stakeholders","subject":"AI governance frameworks","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The Roadmap therefore invites all stakeholders to develop responsible AI governance frameworks that ensure transparency in data use, protect open scholarly resources from enclosure within proprietary systems, and uphold the values of Diamond Open Access and the global knowledge commons.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-10/c119","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/2ec7f5d36e674ee3","nativeRecordCid":"0e88a4ff-4e0f-402c-87f5-1132d058530b","documentId":"open-science-source-10","id":"c119","text":"All stakeholders should develop responsible AI governance frameworks that uphold the values of Diamond Open Access and the global knowledge commons.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"all stakeholders","subject":"AI governance frameworks","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The Roadmap therefore invites all stakeholders to develop responsible AI governance frameworks that ensure transparency in data use, protect open scholarly resources from enclosure within proprietary systems, and uphold the values of Diamond Open Access and the global knowledge commons.","representedInStars":false}
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{"key":"open-science-source-10/c148","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/ea6d3b9e99844ad0","nativeRecordCid":"b018a6d7-a46a-4ec1-a676-424da5ed07d7","documentId":"open-science-source-10","id":"c148","text":"Governments and policy makers should establish safeguards that prevent the privatisation or enclosure of publicly-funded scholarly infrastructure.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"Governments and policy makers","subject":"publicly-funded scholarly infrastructure","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Governments and policy makers are invited to anchor equitable access to scientific knowledge in normative and legal frameworks as a matter of human rights and public interest; and to establish safeguards that prevent the privatisation or enclosure of publicly-funded scholarly infrastructure.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-10/c149","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/36cf6514ecb14c9c","nativeRecordCid":"bdece8fe-c23c-429c-8312-91fb2686dab9","documentId":"open-science-source-10","id":"c149","text":"Lead Stakeholders should establish or strengthen national and regional coordination mechanisms with clear mandates, inclusive stakeholder participation, and sustainable resourcing.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"Lead Stakeholders","subject":"national and regional coordination mechanisms","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Lead Stakeholders are encouraged to establish or strengthen national and regional coordination mechanisms with clear mandates, inclusive stakeholder participation, and sustainable resourcing; and to develop aligned roadmaps that contribute to a shared global vision for Diamond Open Access, while preserving flexibility to reflect local, disciplinary, and institutional contexts.","representedInStars":true}
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{"key":"open-science-source-10/c153","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/d032fc4c407c411d","nativeRecordCid":"712339e7-4bb0-41c4-a6ee-1b54ba5ce95e","documentId":"open-science-source-10","id":"c153","text":"Governments and research funding organisations should support oversight and review mechanisms that prevent enclosure, acquisition, or vendor lock-in.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"Governments and research funding organisations","subject":"oversight and review mechanisms","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Governments and research funding organisations are invited to enable research communities and institutions to govern and sustain Diamond Open Access through transparent, accountable, and participatory governance models; to protect scholarly publishing sovereignty by ensuring systems remain locally grounded yet globally connected; and to support oversight and review mechanisms that prevent enclosure, acquisition, or vendor lock-in.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-10/c154","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/14ef939273a34ac8","nativeRecordCid":"03a603a3-2d39-4585-aaac-59777cc3dea9","documentId":"open-science-source-10","id":"c154","text":"Lead Stakeholders should establish periodic monitoring, evaluation, and public reporting mechanisms to track progress, ensure accountability, and inform iterative development of Diamond Open Access ecosystems at national, regional, and global levels.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"Lead Stakeholders","subject":"monitoring and reporting mechanisms","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Lead Stakeholders are encouraged to establish periodic monitoring, evaluation, and public reporting mechanisms to track progress; ensure accountability; and inform iterative development of Diamond Open Access ecosystems at national, regional, and global levels.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-10/c155","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/e1f508744f994fd8","nativeRecordCid":"9c672048-dd73-4ae6-97ee-d887636486c1","documentId":"open-science-source-10","id":"c155","text":"Diamond Open Access infrastructure should be treated as a structural public good benefiting from sustained and predictable public investment.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"","subject":"Diamond Open Access infrastructure","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Diamond Open Access infrastructure should be treated as a structural public good benefiting from sustained and predictable public investment.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-10/c156","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/e81394e44ec74501","nativeRecordCid":"f3cbe9b6-201d-477f-94bd-b5bd289c810a","documentId":"open-science-source-10","id":"c156","text":"Current expenditure on subscriptions, Article Processing Charges and Transformative Agreements represents a significant allocation of public resources to models that are economically inefficient and inequitable.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"current publishing expenditure models","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Current expenditure on subscriptions, Article Processing Charges and Transformative Agreements represents a significant allocation of public resources to models that are economically inefficient and inequitable.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-10/c157","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/d3afcaaa076f493a","nativeRecordCid":"aa44c23b-d34e-4e22-9c23-939e8118a1ac","documentId":"open-science-source-10","id":"c157","text":"A transition to Diamond Open Access would benefit from the progressive re-direction of resources spent on subscriptions, Article Processing Charges and Transformative Agreements toward community governed, non-commercial infrastructures and services that support the full research lifecycle.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"transition to Diamond Open Access","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"A transition to Diamond Open Access would benefit from the progressive re-direction of these resources toward community governed, non-com-\n\nmercial infrastructures and services that support the full research lifecycle.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-10/c158","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/b1945de1d59f4d08","nativeRecordCid":"66066e3a-c69b-4546-b7d5-0740d5320535","documentId":"open-science-source-10","id":"c158","text":"Policy frameworks should prioritise the long-term strengthening of existing Diamond Open Access systems sustained through institutional in-kind contribution, particularly those anchored in public universities functioning as core infrastructure, emphasising recognition, protection, and reinforcement rather than transition.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"policy frameworks","subject":"existing Diamond Open Access systems","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"In parallel, policy frameworks should prioritise the long-term strengthening of existing Diamond Open Access systems, sustained through institutional in-kind contribution, particularly those anchored in public universities functioning as core infrastructure, emphasising recognition, protection, and reinforcement rather than transition.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-10/c159","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/38bb4a7e4b9b410d","nativeRecordCid":"324790fc-c1a0-4955-9d95-4b73a56027dc","documentId":"open-science-source-10","id":"c159","text":"Lead Stakeholders should progressively redirect a defined and predictable share of existing subscription, Article Processing Charges and Transformative Agreements expenditure toward coordinated, community governed, non-commercial funding mechanisms at national and international levels.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"Lead Stakeholders","subject":"redirection of publishing expenditure","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Lead Stakeholders are encouraged to progressively redirect a defined and predictable share of existing subscription, Article Processing Charges and Transformative Agreements expenditure toward coordinated, community governed, non-commercial funding mechanisms at national and international levels.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-10/c160","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/3effa56edbc64ed3","nativeRecordCid":"b76a74fd-3c4e-4066-a9b7-f35bdf81d0f6","documentId":"open-science-source-10","id":"c160","text":"The redirection of publishing expenditure toward community governed, non-commercial funding mechanisms can draw on the success of existing regional systems where Article Processing Charges mechanisms are minimal or absent.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"redirection of publishing expenditure","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"This shift can  draw on the success of existing regional systems where APC mechanisms are minimal or absent, despite their rising prevalence over recent years, ensuring long-term sustainability while safeguarding editorial independence and community governance.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-10/c161","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/cd1bb41d4d804ba3","nativeRecordCid":"8c5a7f50-e114-4287-a522-e7b2c6848b3f","documentId":"open-science-source-10","id":"c161","text":"Lead Stakeholders should establish multi-year, structural funding frameworks that support the full ecosystem of Diamond Open Access, including editorial teams, technical staff, infrastructure coordination, scholarly societies, and Early Career Researcher-led initiatives.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"Lead Stakeholders","subject":"funding frameworks for Diamond Open Access","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Lead Stakeholders are invited to establish multi-year, structural funding frameworks that support the full ecosystem of Diamond Open Access, including editorial teams, technical staff, infrastructure coordination, scholarly societies, and Early Career Researcher-led initiatives, thereby reducing reliance on short-term project funding and precarious or unpaid labour.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-10/c162","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/0ab0787f7b36446d","nativeRecordCid":"2f496157-2f6a-4368-9575-5879b9e0c487","documentId":"open-science-source-10","id":"c162","text":"Lead Stakeholders and community-led infrastructure providers should invest in and sustain shared, community governed infrastructures and services, such as publishing platforms, repositories, long-term preservation networks, metadata systems, and editorial support.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"Lead Stakeholders and community-led infrastructure providers","subject":"shared infrastructures and services","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Lead Stakeholders and community-led infrastructure providers are encouraged to invest in and sustain shared, community governed infrastructures and services, such as publishing platforms, repositories, long-term preservation networks, metadata systems, and editorial support, while mutualising essential operations (including copyediting, XML production, accessibility compliance, and archiving) to enhance efficiency, interoperability, and resilience across contexts.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-10/c163","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/a0e9d46e219d4c79","nativeRecordCid":"273c1749-ea89-4f1e-b958-43cbfdd118ca","documentId":"open-science-source-10","id":"c163","text":"Lead Stakeholders and community-led infrastructure providers should mutualise essential operations, including copyediting, XML production, accessibility compliance, and archiving, to enhance efficiency, interoperability, and resilience across contexts.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"Lead Stakeholders and community-led infrastructure providers","subject":"mutualisation of essential operations","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Lead Stakeholders and community-led infrastructure providers are encouraged to invest in and sustain shared, community governed infrastructures and services, such as publishing platforms, repositories, long-term preservation networks, metadata systems, and editorial support, while mutualising essential operations (including copyediting, XML production, accessibility compliance, and archiving) to enhance efficiency, interoperability, and resilience across contexts.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-10/c164","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/29c4f78317ed4a77","nativeRecordCid":"06a43668-1584-4673-815a-8a34e577bb55","documentId":"open-science-source-10","id":"c164","text":"All stakeholders should communicate the cost-efficiency and societal value of Diamond Open Access through transparent, evidence-based advocacy.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"All stakeholders","subject":"communicating value of Diamond Open Access","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"All stakeholders are invited to communicate the cost-efficiency and societal value of Diamond Open Access through transparent, evidence-based advocacy, fostering broad alignment among governments, research funding organisations, institutions, and scholarly communities.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-10/c165","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/ba04b14fc3284d1f","nativeRecordCid":"97b227e8-f39e-414d-b363-1d97e19b1e31","documentId":"open-science-source-10","id":"c165","text":"The transition to Diamond Open Access requires structural reform of research evaluation systems.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"","subject":"research evaluation systems","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The transition to Diamond Open Access requires equitable and community governed publishing structural reform of research evaluation systems models, and are misaligned with the public inthat currently privilege journal-based prestige terest objectives of research. Reforming research metrics and commercially-indexed venues. These assessment is therefore foundational to the legitsystems distort research priorities, disadvantage imacy and sustainability of Diamond Open Access.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-10/c166","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/7570bcbcd2d94742","nativeRecordCid":"2189ed5b-4c55-4e25-9792-51093100f948","documentId":"open-science-source-10","id":"c166","text":"Research evaluation systems currently privilege journal-based prestige metrics and commercially-indexed venues.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"research evaluation systems","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The transition to Diamond Open Access requires equitable and community governed publishing structural reform of research evaluation systems models, and are misaligned with the public inthat currently privilege journal-based prestige terest objectives of research. Reforming research metrics and commercially-indexed venues. These assessment is therefore foundational to the legitsystems distort research priorities, disadvantage imacy and sustainability of Diamond Open Access.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-10/c167","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/2162be3102fc481f","nativeRecordCid":"012cfda4-ba41-4e9c-a14b-b97e3c429c67","documentId":"open-science-source-10","id":"c167","text":"Research evaluation systems that privilege journal-based prestige metrics distort research priorities.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"research evaluation systems","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The transition to Diamond Open Access requires equitable and community governed publishing structural reform of research evaluation systems models, and are misaligned with the public inthat currently privilege journal-based prestige terest objectives of research. Reforming research metrics and commercially-indexed venues. These assessment is therefore foundational to the legitsystems distort research priorities, disadvantage imacy and sustainability of Diamond Open Access.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-10/c168","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/7095cc36cfa44c4d","nativeRecordCid":"4c7376e3-12f2-4008-971b-929033b374b8","documentId":"open-science-source-10","id":"c168","text":"Research evaluation systems that privilege journal-based prestige metrics disadvantage equitable and community governed publishing models.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"research evaluation systems","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The transition to Diamond Open Access requires equitable and community governed publishing structural reform of research evaluation systems models, and are misaligned with the public inthat currently privilege journal-based prestige terest objectives of research. Reforming research metrics and commercially-indexed venues. These assessment is therefore foundational to the legitsystems distort research priorities, disadvantage imacy and sustainability of Diamond Open Access.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-10/c169","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/5c8b7ab3a7b447a7","nativeRecordCid":"3a4a951f-592f-49f5-9017-0e7e07d0b751","documentId":"open-science-source-10","id":"c169","text":"Research evaluation systems that privilege journal-based prestige metrics are misaligned with the public interest objectives of research.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"research evaluation systems","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The transition to Diamond Open Access requires equitable and community governed publishing structural reform of research evaluation systems models, and are misaligned with the public inthat currently privilege journal-based prestige terest objectives of research. Reforming research metrics and commercially-indexed venues. These assessment is therefore foundational to the legitsystems distort research priorities, disadvantage imacy and sustainability of Diamond Open Access.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-10/c170","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/b1b7e9f6f2a740f4","nativeRecordCid":"41975bbe-669d-485f-b931-35fc89162207","documentId":"open-science-source-10","id":"c170","text":"Reforming research assessment is foundational to the legitimacy and sustainability of Diamond Open Access.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"research assessment reform","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The transition to Diamond Open Access requires equitable and community governed publishing structural reform of research evaluation systems models, and are misaligned with the public inthat currently privilege journal-based prestige terest objectives of research. Reforming research metrics and commercially-indexed venues. These assessment is therefore foundational to the legitsystems distort research priorities, disadvantage imacy and sustainability of Diamond Open Access.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-10/c171","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/9348dd901dd0444c","nativeRecordCid":"3e42a13a-29da-413c-83af-dbf70c8b743d","documentId":"open-science-source-10","id":"c171","text":"Lead stakeholders should move beyond reliance on journal-based indicators, such as impact factors and inclusion in commercial indexing systems, and decouple research assessment from journal prestige.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"Lead stakeholders","subject":"journal-based indicators","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Lead stakeholders are encouraged to move beyond reliance on journal-based indicators (such as impact factors and inclusion in commercial indexing systems) and to decouple research assessment from journal prestige, adopting in their place qualitative, narrative-based, and context-sensitive approaches that recognise the full diversity of scholarly contributions.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-10/c172","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/fe7849d7a5864e41","nativeRecordCid":"6e12e665-a875-447d-8327-7172d8437bd5","documentId":"open-science-source-10","id":"c172","text":"Lead stakeholders should adopt qualitative, narrative-based, and context-sensitive approaches that recognise the full diversity of scholarly contributions in place of journal-based indicators.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"Lead stakeholders","subject":"research assessment approaches","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Lead stakeholders are encouraged to move beyond reliance on journal-based indicators (such as impact factors and inclusion in commercial indexing systems) and to decouple research assessment from journal prestige, adopting in their place qualitative, narrative-based, and context-sensitive approaches that recognise the full diversity of scholarly contributions.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-10/c173","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/69789720128841ac","nativeRecordCid":"09ce978f-1b4e-4d85-a2ee-62ab5cc56da1","documentId":"open-science-source-10","id":"c173","text":"Research assessment reforms should align with international initiatives while ensuring accountability for implementation and adaptability to local contexts.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"","subject":"research assessment reforms","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"These reforms are encouraged to align with international initiatives (e.g. the San Francisco Declaration on Research Assessment (DORA); the Coalition for Advancing Research Assessment (CoARA) The Latin American Forum on Research Assessment (FOLEC)), while ensuring accountability for implementation and adaptability to local contexts.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-10/c174","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/408b1f8d3cdb47a7","nativeRecordCid":"ad62906c-9319-4495-9f00-f27a972b9610","documentId":"open-science-source-10","id":"c174","text":"Lead stakeholders should explicitly recognise a wide range of research outputs and practices, including Diamond Open Access publications, multilingual scholarship, editorial and peer review work, infrastructure stewardship, datasets, software, and societal impact, as legitimate contributions.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"Lead stakeholders","subject":"recognition of scholarly contributions","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Lead stakeholders are invited to explicitly recognise a wide range of research outputs and practices, including Diamond Open Access publications; multilingual scholarship; editorial and peer review work; infrastructure stewardship; datasets; software; and societal impact, as legitimate contributions.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-10/c175","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/ca2704077e5b4dae","nativeRecordCid":"f5e44275-1f56-4d91-a893-e102542375b5","documentId":"open-science-source-10","id":"c175","text":"Expanded recognition of scholarly contributions may be embedded in national and institutional research assessment policies, aligned with Open Science and Diamond Open Access principles.","kind":"normative","modality":"may","actor":"","subject":"recognition of scholarly contributions","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"This expanded recognition could be embedded in national and institutional research assessment policies, aligned with Open Science and Diamond Open Access principles.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-10/c176","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/160b7e920cc14baf","nativeRecordCid":"3072acfd-327c-4034-a3a3-5853d7723624","documentId":"open-science-source-10","id":"c176","text":"Lead stakeholders should provide targeted training and guidance for researchers, evaluators, and assessment bodies on responsible research evaluation and Open Science practices.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"Lead stakeholders","subject":"training on responsible research evaluation","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Lead stakeholders are called on to provide targeted training and guidance for researchers, evaluators, and assessment bodies on responsible research evaluation and Open Science practices.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-10/c177","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/9b05b8f561424077","nativeRecordCid":"aa015207-c964-400c-9b03-47962c5a4ee7","documentId":"open-science-source-10","id":"c177","text":"Lead stakeholders should adapt evaluation criteria and expectations to protect Early Career Researchers and other potentially disadvantaged groups during the transition, ensuring fair and inclusive implementation.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"Lead stakeholders","subject":"evaluation criteria for Early Career Researchers","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"They are also encouraged  to adapt evaluation criteria and expectations to protect Early Career Researchers and other potentially disadvantaged groups during the transition, ensuring fair and inclusive implementation.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-10/c178","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/8a912145ae9c4260","nativeRecordCid":"3a4e14e0-39d0-45cb-b586-b2cd97bc9f89","documentId":"open-science-source-10","id":"c178","text":"All stakeholders should support research and evidence-building on the systemic effects of metric-driven evaluation systems.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"All stakeholders","subject":"evidence-building on evaluation systems","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"All stakeholders are invited to support research and evidence-building on the systemic effects of metric-driven evaluation systems, and on the effectiveness of alternative assessment models, to inform continuous improvement and policy adaptation.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-10/c179","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/a52fa7f7ad80493b","nativeRecordCid":"84bf8592-a851-4f2e-b68a-c26e5f4f8c3d","documentId":"open-science-source-10","id":"c179","text":"All stakeholders should support research and evidence-building on the effectiveness of alternative assessment models.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"All stakeholders","subject":"evidence-building on alternative assessment models","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"All stakeholders are invited to support research and evidence-building on the systemic effects of metric-driven evaluation systems, and on the effectiveness of alternative assessment models, to inform continuous improvement and policy adaptation.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-10/c180","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/f44ac1e9f9784276","nativeRecordCid":"d2e2ea1f-3215-4cfd-935b-c443bee00a80","documentId":"open-science-source-10","id":"c180","text":"Lead stakeholders should monitor, evaluate, and publicly report on progress in reforming research assessment frameworks, in alignment with Open Science and Diamond Open Access values, while allowing for contextual variation across systems and disciplines.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"Lead stakeholders","subject":"progress in reforming research assessment","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Lead stakeholders are encouraged to monitor, evaluate, and publicly report on progress in reforming research assessment frameworks, in alignment with Open Science and Diamond Open Access values, while allowing for contextual variation across systems and disciplines.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-10/c181","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/4ec69ff3d6de48ce","nativeRecordCid":"7d5ec6f1-4baa-4fbd-a96c-e75cb23ea072","documentId":"open-science-source-10","id":"c181","text":"Shared, community governed infrastructure is the backbone of Diamond Open Access.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"shared community governed infrastructure","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Shared, community governed infrastructure is the Public-interest infrastructure should be open, backbone of Diamond Open Access and should be resilient, decentralised, and protected from developed as a coordinated, interoperable ecocommercial enclosure, ensuring that scholarly system rather than a collection of fragmented or communication remains accessible, inclusive, and duplicative systems. governed by the research community.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-10/c182","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/cffa30924200457a","nativeRecordCid":"14c203f3-b081-49ef-84f2-3a6b6c8bb723","documentId":"open-science-source-10","id":"c182","text":"Shared, community governed infrastructure should be developed as a coordinated, interoperable ecosystem rather than a collection of fragmented or duplicative systems.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"","subject":"shared community governed infrastructure","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Shared, community governed infrastructure is the Public-interest infrastructure should be open, backbone of Diamond Open Access and should be resilient, decentralised, and protected from developed as a coordinated, interoperable ecocommercial enclosure, ensuring that scholarly system rather than a collection of fragmented or communication remains accessible, inclusive, and duplicative systems. governed by the research community.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-10/c183","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/5b22fa96440d4ee9","nativeRecordCid":"b3e6d5a4-f61b-4558-9842-5728da054120","documentId":"open-science-source-10","id":"c183","text":"Public-interest infrastructure should be open.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"","subject":"public-interest infrastructure","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Shared, community governed infrastructure is the Public-interest infrastructure should be open, backbone of Diamond Open Access and should be resilient, decentralised, and protected from developed as a coordinated, interoperable ecocommercial enclosure, ensuring that scholarly system rather than a collection of fragmented or communication remains accessible, inclusive, and duplicative systems. governed by the research community.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-10/c184","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/7f8a7d7616bb46bd","nativeRecordCid":"827edea7-4e16-4769-a8a0-3722f61d6fe8","documentId":"open-science-source-10","id":"c184","text":"Public-interest infrastructure should be resilient.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"","subject":"public-interest infrastructure","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Shared, community governed infrastructure is the Public-interest infrastructure should be open, backbone of Diamond Open Access and should be resilient, decentralised, and protected from developed as a coordinated, interoperable ecocommercial enclosure, ensuring that scholarly system rather than a collection of fragmented or communication remains accessible, inclusive, and duplicative systems. governed by the research community.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-10/c185","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/b52d01f62f1f4cc4","nativeRecordCid":"bb99fd42-ad68-42f6-8343-9e9e2f4fb8b0","documentId":"open-science-source-10","id":"c185","text":"Public-interest infrastructure should be decentralised.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"","subject":"public-interest infrastructure","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Shared, community governed infrastructure is the Public-interest infrastructure should be open, backbone of Diamond Open Access and should be resilient, decentralised, and protected from developed as a coordinated, interoperable ecocommercial enclosure, ensuring that scholarly system rather than a collection of fragmented or communication remains accessible, inclusive, and duplicative systems. governed by the research community.","representedInStars":true}
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{"key":"open-science-source-10/c188","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/8cbd9025f1d14c94","nativeRecordCid":"ac0da6a9-b2e0-4f99-8dee-714993c8fcf7","documentId":"open-science-source-10","id":"c188","text":"Open, community governed scholarly communication infrastructures should incorporate persistent identifier ecosystems to ensure resilience, sustainability, and global accessibility.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"community-led infrastructure providers","subject":"scholarly communication infrastructures","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"These infrastructures should incorporate persistent identifier ecosystems, long-term preservation, and decentralised, mirrored architectures to ensure resilience, sustainability, and global accessibility, while avoiding fragmentation caused by duplicative proprietary solutions.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-10/c189","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/0cc376f4f4da4477","nativeRecordCid":"175ca4f1-cadb-4f90-a46c-88ebef0c2f1b","documentId":"open-science-source-10","id":"c189","text":"Open, community governed scholarly communication infrastructures should incorporate long-term preservation to ensure resilience, sustainability, and global accessibility.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"community-led infrastructure providers","subject":"scholarly communication infrastructures","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"These infrastructures should incorporate persistent identifier ecosystems, long-term preservation, and decentralised, mirrored architectures to ensure resilience, sustainability, and global accessibility, while avoiding fragmentation caused by duplicative proprietary solutions.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-10/c190","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/7ab497299c1344c2","nativeRecordCid":"33a9a61f-6207-4433-821c-698bbdece1cf","documentId":"open-science-source-10","id":"c190","text":"Open, community governed scholarly communication infrastructures should incorporate decentralised, mirrored architectures to ensure resilience, sustainability, and global accessibility, while avoiding fragmentation caused by duplicative proprietary solutions.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"community-led infrastructure providers","subject":"scholarly communication infrastructures","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"These infrastructures should incorporate persistent identifier ecosystems, long-term preservation, and decentralised, mirrored architectures to ensure resilience, sustainability, and global accessibility, while avoiding fragmentation caused by duplicative proprietary solutions.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-10/c191","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/60b9caac465842fc","nativeRecordCid":"100e081f-6734-44a7-86bb-eaa5f7c3c4f1","documentId":"open-science-source-10","id":"c191","text":"Regional and international Capacity Hubs and Centres should be supported and coordinated as collaborative mechanisms for shared services, knowledge exchange, and technical assistance.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"community-led infrastructure providers","subject":"Capacity Hubs and Centres","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Support and coordinate regional and international Capacity Hubs and Centres as collaborative mechanisms for shared services, knowledge exchange, and technical assistance.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-10/c192","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/3011c03523364a3f","nativeRecordCid":"6b300f48-56eb-4aa1-ba28-b49362c97117","documentId":"open-science-source-10","id":"c192","text":"Capacity Hubs and Centres should provide targeted, context-sensitive support to journals and platforms, enabling them to meet interoperability and quality standards without exclusion.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"community-led infrastructure providers","subject":"Capacity Hubs and Centres","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"provide targeted, context-sensitive support to journals and platforms, enabling them to meet interoperability and quality standards without exclusion.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-10/c193","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/0c2e8695d6e5437a","nativeRecordCid":"c7da49c3-afe4-4eda-b9b7-6689c5d9914b","documentId":"open-science-source-10","id":"c193","text":"Open, multilingual metadata ecosystems should be invested in and safeguarded by advancing shared standards, semantic interoperability, and controlled vocabularies.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"community-led infrastructure providers","subject":"open multilingual metadata ecosystems","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Invest in and safeguard open, multilingual metadata ecosystems by advancing shared standards, semantic interoperability, and controlled vocabularies, while ensuring that metadata remains a public good protected from enclosure or commercial exploitation.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-10/c194","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/45d8849902ed45a2","nativeRecordCid":"4ea83963-6a4b-4700-a956-be8a174248fc","documentId":"open-science-source-10","id":"c194","text":"Metadata should remain a public good protected from enclosure or commercial exploitation.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"","subject":"metadata","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Invest in and safeguard open, multilingual metadata ecosystems by advancing shared standards, semantic interoperability, and controlled vocabularies, while ensuring that metadata remains a public good protected from enclosure or commercial exploitation.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-10/c195","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/66f96c9ac9cd4de4","nativeRecordCid":"0bb04e37-9689-410f-8213-7fed06d12384","documentId":"open-science-source-10","id":"c195","text":"The development of interoperable Publish-Review-Curate workflows that enable transparency, version traceability, and the circulation of research across diverse platforms and communities should be supported.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"community-led infrastructure providers","subject":"Publish-Review-Curate workflows","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Support the development of interoperable Publish-Review-Curate workflows that enable transparency, version traceability, and the circulation of research across diverse platforms and communities.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-10/c196","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/b49bba990fdf4c94","nativeRecordCid":"9f9ad4a6-ec90-49a1-a2b9-e280f3383490","documentId":"open-science-source-10","id":"c196","text":"Global standards, interoperability frameworks, and emerging technologies, including AI applications, should be designed as enabling, community governed systems that lower barriers to participation.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"community-led infrastructure providers","subject":"global standards and emerging technologies","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Design global standards, interoperability frameworks, and emerging technologies (including AI applications) as enabling, community governed systems that lower barriers to participation.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-10/c197","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/a8fc6194a867462a","nativeRecordCid":"9ef27ea4-07d7-4de3-99cd-c87e2cae1689","documentId":"open-science-source-10","id":"c197","text":"Global standards and interoperability frameworks should support diverse publishing models.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"community-led infrastructure providers","subject":"global standards and interoperability frameworks","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"These frameworks should support diverse publishing models and ensure that the use of AI in editorial processes, metadata generation, and discovery is transparent, responsible, and aligned with community values.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-10/c198","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/94485823dd6943cb","nativeRecordCid":"0442c157-383e-4739-a675-dafb3b70a83a","documentId":"open-science-source-10","id":"c198","text":"The use of AI in editorial processes, metadata generation, and discovery should be transparent, responsible, and aligned with community values.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"community-led infrastructure providers","subject":"use of AI in scholarly publishing","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"These frameworks should support diverse publishing models and ensure that the use of AI in editorial processes, metadata generation, and discovery is transparent, responsible, and aligned with community values.","representedInStars":false}
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{"key":"open-science-source-10/c200","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/5281576ecb4a424a","nativeRecordCid":"671ee58b-7dd3-4f22-ba82-7a607ab157a2","documentId":"open-science-source-10","id":"c200","text":"\"Pay-to-play\" mechanisms in certification, indexing, or compliance systems that risk marginalising under-resourced actors should be avoided.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"community-led infrastructure providers","subject":"certification and compliance systems","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Implement inclusive, layered, and progressive quality assurance frameworks, proportionate to the capacities of journals and platforms; and explicitly avoid “pay-to-play” mechanisms in certification, indexing, or compliance systems that risk marginalising under resourced actors.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-10/c201","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/92312a0815c740ae","nativeRecordCid":"dac24f56-1a1c-421c-a4f0-64d10281b0ae","documentId":"open-science-source-10","id":"c201","text":"Diamond Open Access depends on sustained human capacity.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"Diamond Open Access","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Diamond Open Access depends on sustained the scholarly communication system and should human capacity and cannot rely on unpaid, invisbe professionalised, formally recognised, and ible, or precarious labour. Editorial, peer review, structurally supported within institutional frameand governance contributions are foundational to works.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-10/c202","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/d9f5f8a1e2cb4bbc","nativeRecordCid":"360b83bb-dba2-4f61-9556-36ab6a754c95","documentId":"open-science-source-10","id":"c202","text":"Diamond Open Access cannot rely on unpaid, invisible, or precarious labour.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"Diamond Open Access","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Diamond Open Access depends on sustained the scholarly communication system and should human capacity and cannot rely on unpaid, invisbe professionalised, formally recognised, and ible, or precarious labour. Editorial, peer review, structurally supported within institutional frameand governance contributions are foundational to works.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-10/c203","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/2fe926d2a96b42ca","nativeRecordCid":"783bbae1-b941-432b-a0dd-dd54587b844b","documentId":"open-science-source-10","id":"c203","text":"Editorial, peer review, and governance contributions are foundational to the scholarly communication system.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"editorial and governance contributions","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Diamond Open Access depends on sustained the scholarly communication system and should human capacity and cannot rely on unpaid, invisbe professionalised, formally recognised, and ible, or precarious labour. Editorial, peer review, structurally supported within institutional frameand governance contributions are foundational to works.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-10/c204","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/6b05a29ce62147b1","nativeRecordCid":"3cbaf728-839e-4045-9421-968eeb3e51f2","documentId":"open-science-source-10","id":"c204","text":"Editorial, peer review, and governance contributions should be professionalised, formally recognised, and structurally supported within institutional frameworks.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"","subject":"editorial and governance contributions","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Diamond Open Access depends on sustained the scholarly communication system and should human capacity and cannot rely on unpaid, invisbe professionalised, formally recognised, and ible, or precarious labour. Editorial, peer review, structurally supported within institutional frameand governance contributions are foundational to works.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-10/c205","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/7dc003a7a6c04a04","nativeRecordCid":"19b9214c-e236-4637-9ea9-b83975d5f82c","documentId":"open-science-source-10","id":"c205","text":"Diamond Open Access governance, ethical publishing practices, open peer review, and metadata stewardship should be integrated into doctoral and post-doctoral training programmes, fostering a shared foundation of skills and values across disciplines and regions.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"Universities; scholarly communities; research funding organisations","subject":"doctoral and post-doctoral training programmes","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Integrate Diamond Open Access governance, ethical publishing practices, open peer review, and metadata stewardship into doctoral and post-doctoral training programmes, fostering a shared foundation of skills and values across disciplines and regions.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-10/c206","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/7a4be25af9fa4fe2","nativeRecordCid":"4605190f-2f33-4cf5-97f4-9a8943adfa55","documentId":"open-science-source-10","id":"c206","text":"Editorial labour, peer review, governance participation, and open data stewardship should be formally recognised and sustainably supported as core scholarly contributions by embedding these roles within institutional structures and reflecting them in workload models, hiring, and promotion criteria.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"Universities; scholarly communities; research funding organisations","subject":"editorial and governance labour","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Formally recognise and sustainably support editorial labour, peer review, governance participation, and open data stewardship as core scholarly contributions by embedding these roles within institutional structures and reflecting them in workload models, hiring, and promotion criteria, thereby reducing reliance on precarious and invisible labour.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-10/c207","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/02697a5df0954518","nativeRecordCid":"7e688151-cf4c-4507-8872-edad46050825","documentId":"open-science-source-10","id":"c207","text":"Structured communities of practice, helpdesks, and regional training hubs should be established and connected to provide coordinated, context-sensitive support for Diamond Open Access journals and platforms.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"Universities; scholarly communities; research funding organisations","subject":"communities of practice and training hubs","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Establish and connect structured communities of practice, helpdesks, and regional training hubs to provide coordinated, context-sensitive support for Diamond Open Access journals and platforms.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-10/c208","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/2365b6e568aa43d8","nativeRecordCid":"095ebdd1-a861-4d10-a824-22dcc8d28c4c","documentId":"open-science-source-10","id":"c208","text":"Sustained, multi-year support for editorial and technical teams should be provided through institutional and funding frameworks, ensuring the long-term stability and resilience of Diamond Open Access infrastructures.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"Universities; scholarly communities; research funding organisations","subject":"editorial and technical teams","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Provide sustained, multi-year support for editorial and technical teams through institutional and funding frameworks, ensuring the long-term stability and resilience of Diamond Open Access infrastructures.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-10/c209","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/006fb0fb308e412b","nativeRecordCid":"15f8ec95-981a-4f4f-a6d6-70de2c9eab7f","documentId":"open-science-source-10","id":"c209","text":"The role of Early Career Researchers in Diamond Open Access should be strengthened by ensuring their meaningful representation in editorial and governance bodies.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"Universities; scholarly communities; research funding organisations","subject":"role of Early Career Researchers","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Strengthen the role of Early Career Researchers in Diamond Open Access by ensuring their meaningful representation in editorial and governance bodies, supporting ECR-led initiatives through targeted funding and fellowships, developing structured mentorship frameworks, and fostering international networks and cross-regional collaboration to ensure continuity and global knowledge exchange.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-10/c210","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/168881e9824c493d","nativeRecordCid":"b3625814-ea23-453e-a5a8-b1be6fcdaf97","documentId":"open-science-source-10","id":"c210","text":"The role of Early Career Researchers in Diamond Open Access should be strengthened by supporting ECR-led initiatives through targeted funding and fellowships.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"Universities; scholarly communities; research funding organisations","subject":"role of Early Career Researchers","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Strengthen the role of Early Career Researchers in Diamond Open Access by ensuring their meaningful representation in editorial and governance bodies, supporting ECR-led initiatives through targeted funding and fellowships, developing structured mentorship frameworks, and fostering international networks and cross-regional collaboration to ensure continuity and global knowledge exchange.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-10/c211","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/6050d352bdfa4fc9","nativeRecordCid":"93c31950-1997-4b80-8e94-a05ea56f65cc","documentId":"open-science-source-10","id":"c211","text":"The role of Early Career Researchers in Diamond Open Access should be strengthened by developing structured mentorship frameworks.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"Universities; scholarly communities; research funding organisations","subject":"role of Early Career Researchers","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Strengthen the role of Early Career Researchers in Diamond Open Access by ensuring their meaningful representation in editorial and governance bodies, supporting ECR-led initiatives through targeted funding and fellowships, developing structured mentorship frameworks, and fostering international networks and cross-regional collaboration to ensure continuity and global knowledge exchange.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-10/c212","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/f10d759631484090","nativeRecordCid":"075e662d-79cf-41b3-8df9-98ab824f8b4a","documentId":"open-science-source-10","id":"c212","text":"The role of Early Career Researchers in Diamond Open Access should be strengthened by fostering international networks and cross-regional collaboration to ensure continuity and global knowledge exchange.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"Universities; scholarly communities; research funding organisations","subject":"role of Early Career Researchers","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Strengthen the role of Early Career Researchers in Diamond Open Access by ensuring their meaningful representation in editorial and governance bodies, supporting ECR-led initiatives through targeted funding and fellowships, developing structured mentorship frameworks, and fostering international networks and cross-regional collaboration to ensure continuity and global knowledge exchange.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-10/c213","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/19dbd8ffdc784b23","nativeRecordCid":"e01dfb08-b4af-418c-8eae-863646bd82ae","documentId":"open-science-source-10","id":"c213","text":"Diamond Open Access should strengthen linguistic diversity, inclusive participation, and the representation of diverse knowledge systems within global scholarly communication.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"","subject":"Diamond Open Access","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Diamond Open Access should strengthen linguistic\n\nbility of knowledge and undermines the resilience diversity, inclusive participation, and the repand relevance of the global knowledge commons. resentation of diverse knowledge systems within Bibliodiversity is therefore a structural strength global scholarly communication. A system domthat should be actively supported through policy, inated by a narrow set of languages, regions, or infrastructure, and evaluation frameworks. publishing models limits the visibility and accessi-","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-10/c214","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/b2e365b73e30484a","nativeRecordCid":"4ed41391-ee13-440c-94a2-fe3776d9171b","documentId":"open-science-source-10","id":"c214","text":"A system dominated by a narrow set of languages, regions, or publishing models limits the visibility and accessibility of knowledge.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"a system dominated by a narrow set of languages","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Diamond Open Access should strengthen linguistic\n\nbility of knowledge and undermines the resilience diversity, inclusive participation, and the repand relevance of the global knowledge commons. resentation of diverse knowledge systems within Bibliodiversity is therefore a structural strength global scholarly communication. A system domthat should be actively supported through policy, inated by a narrow set of languages, regions, or infrastructure, and evaluation frameworks. publishing models limits the visibility and accessi-","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-10/c215","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/e3ebdbd5dad34cad","nativeRecordCid":"047df5a2-f8ba-43bc-9cfd-4f31dbbb4354","documentId":"open-science-source-10","id":"c215","text":"A system dominated by a narrow set of languages, regions, or publishing models undermines the resilience and relevance of the global knowledge commons.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"a system dominated by a narrow set of languages","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Diamond Open Access should strengthen linguistic\n\nbility of knowledge and undermines the resilience diversity, inclusive participation, and the repand relevance of the global knowledge commons. resentation of diverse knowledge systems within Bibliodiversity is therefore a structural strength global scholarly communication. A system domthat should be actively supported through policy, inated by a narrow set of languages, regions, or infrastructure, and evaluation frameworks. publishing models limits the visibility and accessi-","representedInStars":false}
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{"key":"open-science-source-12/c34","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/b316cf093a4d4aab","nativeRecordCid":"8751ef1b-e6a7-425b-b0c4-e17d10c15837","documentId":"open-science-source-12","id":"c34","text":"The FAIR principles underpin open data policies and practices worldwide.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"FAIR principles","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Today, the FAIR principles (making data Findable, Accessible, Interoperable and Reusable) underpin these policies and practices worldwide.","representedInStars":true}
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{"key":"open-science-source-12/c37","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/c9f59ef65a384b59","nativeRecordCid":"1e5f0c86-3de8-405c-8c06-701ac9f7f7c0","documentId":"open-science-source-12","id":"c37","text":"Sharing research data beyond researchers' immediate networks enhances trust and transparency for greater impact.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"sharing research data beyond immediate networks","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Sharing research data beyond researchers’ immediate networks has long been seen as beneficial for\n\naccelerating discovery, fostering collaboration, and enhancing trust and transparency for greater impact.","representedInStars":false}
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{"key":"open-science-source-12/c41","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/b2eae26f84d44cb9","nativeRecordCid":"ad0c9943-aa4e-43b5-97c8-929a89882456","documentId":"open-science-source-12","id":"c41","text":"Awareness and engagement with open science principles is growing.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"awareness and engagement with open science principles","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The data tells a story of growing awareness and engagement with open science principles, alongside persistent barriers to implementation.","representedInStars":true}
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{"key":"open-science-source-12/c85","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/832df2dbddd44c5a","nativeRecordCid":"e6ff2580-1c50-469c-ac7d-e42d0a0d4c18","documentId":"open-science-source-12","id":"c85","text":"The diffusion of data standards helps explain increased familiarity with the FAIR principles across disciplines.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"diffusion of data standards","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"This diffusion of standards helps explain why familiarity with the FAIR principles has increased across disciplines (Fig. 2).","representedInStars":false}
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{"key":"open-science-source-14-c1/c55","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/8a112481b65c4867","nativeRecordCid":"521edae6-62ee-47e6-9616-ec3a92538ec2","documentId":"open-science-source-14-c1","id":"c55","text":"The Bermuda Principles endured as a cornerstone of the HGP because their central tenet, daily data sharing, was partly aspirational.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"Bermuda Principles' endurance as aspirational tenet","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"we argue that the Bermuda Principles endured as a cornerstone of the HGP because their central tenet, daily data sharing, was partly aspirational.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-14-c1/c56","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/8b91c854868b4266","nativeRecordCid":"49c0d7f1-af56-4fd2-b32e-662763912d33","documentId":"open-science-source-14-c1","id":"c56","text":"The daily-sharing standard was only sometimes, if ever, required to reach the goals for which it was supposedly employed.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"daily-sharing standard's actual necessity","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The daily-sharing standard was only sometimes, if ever, required to reach the goals for which it was supposedly employed, so it persisted partly as an archetype, while the Bermuda Principles, as policies, remained flexible in their implementation and justification.","representedInStars":false}
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{"key":"open-science-source-14-c1/c58","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/3ed459e084f24b70","nativeRecordCid":"5e1c6432-e482-4edb-b259-73c843d98034","documentId":"open-science-source-14-c1","id":"c58","text":"The Bermuda Principles, as policies, remained flexible in their implementation and justification.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"flexibility of Bermuda Principles as policies","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The daily-sharing standard was only sometimes, if ever, required to reach the goals for which it was supposedly employed, so it persisted partly as an archetype, while the Bermuda Principles, as policies, remained flexible in their implementation and justification.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-14-c1/c59","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/c5ceb913fc6b43c7","nativeRecordCid":"e979b81e-b23e-448b-a8b9-ba7b034051f2","documentId":"open-science-source-14-c1","id":"c59","text":"The metrics of data quality and completeness for sequences to be released at various timescales, and the technologies enabling such release, were in flux before and during the HGP and remain so today.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"flux in data-sharing metrics and technologies","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The metrics of data quality and completeness for sequences to be released at various timescales—and the technologies enabling such release—were in flux before and during the HGP, and remain so today.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-14-c1/c60","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/be8a1eae35be4674","nativeRecordCid":"d1e81c7a-ec96-4486-9d7f-b22130540ef0","documentId":"open-science-source-14-c1","id":"c60","text":"Even for C. elegans, technical factors resulted in evolving data-sharing practices before 1995.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"evolving C. elegans data-sharing practices","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Even for *C. elegans*, technical factors resulted in evolving data-sharing practices before 1995;","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-14-c1/c61","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/f3efe8dbc5d54e44","nativeRecordCid":"55f8f6bf-879f-4b4b-b38a-d5bfb7abce76","documentId":"open-science-source-14-c1","id":"c61","text":"Even the HGP centers most ardently committed to daily sharing still sometimes fell short of it when it became technologically feasible in certain places.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"committed HGP centers falling short","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"and when daily sharing did become technologically feasible in certain places, even the HGP centers most ardently committed to it (namely, Sulston and Waterston’s laboratories in Cambridge, England, and Washington University in St. Louis, Missouri) still sometimes fell short.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-14-c1/c62","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/45068a38505f4087","nativeRecordCid":"078e33f8-ab82-4df1-b339-6d3514af045e","documentId":"open-science-source-14-c1","id":"c62","text":"Following the 1996 International Strategy Meeting for Human Genome Sequencing in Bermuda, the daily-sharing standard remained but a rhetorical aspiration in many other places.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"daily-sharing standard as rhetorical aspiration","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Following the 1996 International Strategy Meeting for Human Genome Sequencing in Bermuda, the daily-sharing standard remained but a rhetorical aspiration in many other places.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-14-c1/c63","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/9ffc0453d4ad427f","nativeRecordCid":"432d3117-4d0a-4a4a-9ef2-105fac1a8801","documentId":"open-science-source-14-c1","id":"c63","text":"Some center leaders never even attempted to abide by daily sharing, instead trying to release data as rapidly as possible while treating daily sharing itself as unrealistic or unwise, despite the HGP's explicit policy calling for it.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"center leaders' non-compliance with daily sharing","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Some center leaders never even attempted to abide by it, trying to release data as rapidly as possible but treating daily sharing as unrealistic or unwise, despite the HGP’s explicit policy calling for it.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-14-c1/c64","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/3e3cf1ead9164845","nativeRecordCid":"05b009b3-e945-4501-87f7-c06eaae5a14e","documentId":"open-science-source-14-c1","id":"c64","text":"Practices diverged for model species after 1998, particularly in the HGP's laboratories located outside the US and Great Britain.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"divergence of model-species sharing practices","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Practices also diverged for model species after 1998, particularly in the HGP’s laboratories located outside the US and Great Britain","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-14-c1/c65","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/bc6e1db1cbfc4a56","nativeRecordCid":"8e17cb96-3dd0-48bb-9030-7fdc27553565","documentId":"open-science-source-14-c1","id":"c65","text":"Daily data sharing grew more feasible for human sequencing as the HGP narrowed from a larger set of pilot centers to the five largest and most technologically advanced centers.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"feasibility gain from HGP center narrowing","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Daily data sharing grew more feasible for human sequencing as the HGP narrowed from a larger set of pilot centers to the five largest and most technologically advanced centers, nicknamed the “G5,” in 1999","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-14-c1/c66","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/43bee01a6d5a47b4","nativeRecordCid":"d93bbb82-1ae4-4046-ac11-2666f4f82e26","documentId":"open-science-source-14-c1","id":"c66","text":"The Bermuda Principles became part of agency policies only within the HGP divisions of the US NIH and the UK-based Wellcome Trust.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"Bermuda Principles' incorporation into agency policy","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"the Bermuda Principles became part of agency policies only within the HGP divisions of the US NIH and the UK-based Wellcome Trust.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-14-c1/c67","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/36836f642cb74c90","nativeRecordCid":"8a55ea71-b773-40f3-8453-a68b23e79df6","documentId":"open-science-source-14-c1","id":"c67","text":"All of the government funders for human sequencing, including those in the US, Germany, Japan, and France, had to finesse or even sidestep existing or pending science policies encouraging patenting or restricted data release to incorporate daily sharing into their projects.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"funders finessing patenting policies for sharing","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"All of the government funders for human sequencing, including those in the US, Germany, Japan, and France, had to finesse, or even sidestep, existing or pending science policies encouraging patenting or restricted data release to incorporate daily sharing into their projects.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-14-c1/c68","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/71951037058544c1","nativeRecordCid":"72370e26-5a18-4f5c-a989-5fb5b34d2baf","documentId":"open-science-source-14-c1","id":"c68","text":"In some cases, ostensibly incompatible national policies gave national corporations privileged and limited pre-publication access to data.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"corporate pre-publication access under incompatible policies","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"In some cases, these ostensibly incompatible policies gave national corporations privileged and limited pre-publication access to data.","representedInStars":false}
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{"key":"open-science-source-14-c1/c71","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/b53ca4818c7d4192","nativeRecordCid":"4d251f19-f666-442a-b5a5-292b752e80c2","documentId":"open-science-source-14-c1","id":"c71","text":"The Bermuda Principles' plasticity was essential for them to become enduring policies in the HGP and beyond, despite not being fully honored always and everywhere.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"plasticity essential for Principles' endurance","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The aspirational nature of the Bermuda Principles, in these instances, made them flexible; this same plasticity was essential for the Principles to become enduring policies in the HGP and beyond, despite not being fully honored always and everywhere.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-14-c1/c72","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/63caaf7909414cab","nativeRecordCid":"2032a59c-e5b8-4009-93e9-e09284188959","documentId":"open-science-source-14-c1","id":"c72","text":"The arguments justifying daily data release were malleable, shifting with the stakeholders and stakes and alongside various scientific and political realities.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"malleability of arguments for data release","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The arguments justifying daily data release were likewise malleable, shifting with the stakeholders and stakes and alongside various scientific and political realities.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-14-c1/c73","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/02b405c616774f46","nativeRecordCid":"398ed4bf-be29-4b02-bcad-019878925016","documentId":"open-science-source-14-c1","id":"c73","text":"After 1996, the pragmatic Bermuda standards for HGP data quality and completeness continued to be adapted to advances in sequencing and computing.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"adaptation of Bermuda standards after 1996","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"After 1996, the pragmatic Bermuda standards for HGP data quality and completeness continued to be adapted to advances in sequencing and computing.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-14-c1/c74","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/99a67ef1ac4044aa","nativeRecordCid":"b4db3b3d-7c76-47b4-af56-0b476c9c9a18","documentId":"open-science-source-14-c1","id":"c74","text":"As daily release was redeployed in human genomics from the nematode testing ground, the commercial potential of molecular biology became ever more entwined with the fate of the policy.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"commercial potential entangled with policy fate","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"as daily release was redeployed in human genomics from the nematode testing ground, the commercial potential of molecular biology became ever more entwined with the fate of the policy.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-14-c1/c75","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/cee37fc4135d45b1","nativeRecordCid":"3a37d974-1905-4ef7-9bf5-414ee583dc8b","documentId":"open-science-source-14-c1","id":"c75","text":"Human genomics, in contrast to worm genomics, has applied relevance in both medicine and industry.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"human genomics' applied relevance","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Human genomics, in contrast to worm genomics, falls in the upper-right-hand corner of “Pasteur’s Quadrant,” harboring applied relevance in both medicine and industry while also contributing to basic knowledge","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-14-c1/c76","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/0f577ff982a243b2","nativeRecordCid":"3e21e95a-30a8-4b5c-af30-0d7e7835aa7a","documentId":"open-science-source-14-c1","id":"c76","text":"Human genomics, in contrast to worm genomics, also contributes to basic knowledge.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"human genomics' contribution to basic knowledge","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Human genomics, in contrast to worm genomics, falls in the upper-right-hand corner of “Pasteur’s Quadrant,” harboring applied relevance in both medicine and industry while also contributing to basic knowledge","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-14-c1/c77","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/df2b6deef4094f76","nativeRecordCid":"927a8184-146a-48aa-ab10-431eab8dd473","documentId":"open-science-source-14-c1","id":"c77","text":"The private and public rhetoric utilized by the HGP's leadership in relation to daily data sharing expanded in tandem, reflecting the new stakes of this practice for intellectual property.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"expansion of HGP leadership's rhetoric","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The private and public rhetoric, utilized by the HGP’s leadership in relation to daily data sharing, expanded in tandem, reflecting the new stakes of this practice for intellectual property.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-14-c1/c78","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/33076a829ffa4e01","nativeRecordCid":"0af06af1-3187-495c-876e-5e70c4f998a9","documentId":"open-science-source-14-c1","id":"c78","text":"The Bermuda Principles effectively prevented patents on genes of unknown biological function by funneling sequences daily into the public domain as prior art.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"Bermuda Principles preventing patents via prior art","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The Bermuda Principles, for example, effectively prevented patents on genes of unknown biological functions, by funneling sequences daily into the public domain as prior art","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-14-c1/c79","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/f1d11d8b2c6d408f","nativeRecordCid":"09120372-aae1-45d2-80e6-76e0550c6196","documentId":"open-science-source-14-c1","id":"c79","text":"The HGP's leadership was not entirely opposed to commercialization.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"HGP leadership's stance on commercialization","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"In some of the debates about daily data release, especially at the three International Strategy Meetings for Human Genome Sequencing in Bermuda from 1996 to 1998, these nuances—including the fact that the HGP’s leadership was not entirely opposed to commercialization—were clear.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-14-c1/c80","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/4ce7c8ccdd2d487d","nativeRecordCid":"27f22e71-1236-44d6-80d8-17eb0671fbb4","documentId":"open-science-source-14-c1","id":"c80","text":"The point that HGP leadership was not entirely opposed to commercialization was largely lost in press releases and public pronouncements in the later phases of the Human Genome Project.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"loss of nuance in public HGP rhetoric","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Yet in other instances, including in press releases and public pronouncements in the later phases of the Human Genome Project, this point was largely lost.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-14-c1/c81","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/73134603b0de4045","nativeRecordCid":"f9ea6f9f-4c8e-496d-b601-be6cc327e8db","documentId":"open-science-source-14-c1","id":"c81","text":"As a defense of the HGP, and even as a proposal, the Bermuda Principles accentuated the contrasts between the public project and the proprietary database on offer by Celera.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"Bermuda Principles contrasting HGP with Celera","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Yet as a defense of the HGP, and even as a proposal, the Bermuda Principles accentuated the contrasts between the public project and the proprietary database on offer by Celera.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-14-c1/c82","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/9a96a5ab512c4e47","nativeRecordCid":"0b37ffd6-818d-4d0d-93d0-14eef3542a23","documentId":"open-science-source-14-c1","id":"c82","text":"Celera's promise of quarterly data sharing was hardly binding.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"bindingness of Celera's data-sharing promise","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"to the fact that Celera’s promise of quarterly data sharing was hardly binding.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-14-c1/c83","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/44412d5625db431c","nativeRecordCid":"c43a2108-7902-48ba-b64a-5baa40422f01","documentId":"open-science-source-14-c1","id":"c83","text":"The HGP's completion and the resolution of the Celera race served as grounds for the Wellcome Trust and the NIH to extend the Bermuda Principles to other genomics and large-scale community resource projects in biology.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"extension of Bermuda Principles to other projects","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"These accomplishments, in turn, served as grounds for the Wellcome Trust and the NIH to extend the Bermuda Principles to other genomics and large-scale “community resource projects” in biology","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-14-c1/c84","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/1b29ea0ab1a0412a","nativeRecordCid":"3c66130c-a2a5-41c4-b884-e433e387b1b8","documentId":"open-science-source-14-c1","id":"c84","text":"The HGP-Celera success story created misconceptions, obscuring the full history of the Bermuda Principles such as their pragmatic foundations from C. elegans and the nuanced stance they represented towards the genome commons and commercialization.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"misconceptions from the HGP-Celera success story","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"This success story, however, created some misconceptions, obscuring the full history of the Bermuda Principles such as their pragmatic foundations from *C. elegans* and the nuanced stance they represented towards the genome commons and commercialization.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-14-c1/c85","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/6087e5885b044723","nativeRecordCid":"de00b1a0-93e6-400c-8ce6-828a59ce3eb3","documentId":"open-science-source-14-c1","id":"c85","text":"Today, the Bermuda Principles represent an enduring legacy of the HGP.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"Bermuda Principles' enduring legacy","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Today, the Bermuda Principles represent an enduring legacy of the HGP, and, according to the goals and the metrics of those who supported them, have been wildly successful.","representedInStars":false}
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{"key":"open-science-source-14-c1/c240","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/812e50e7f91b436a","nativeRecordCid":"dd024c4f-12bd-44f6-9ddd-293008139fc4","documentId":"open-science-source-14-c1","id":"c240","text":"Genomic data-sharing policies were difficult to articulate and maintain, especially given the shifting stakes and stakeholders in this rapidly moving field.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"genomic data-sharing policies","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The tension dissipated when Harold Varmus abandoned the NIH’s patent applications in 1994, but the situation showed just how difficult genomic data-sharing policies were to articulate and to maintain, especially given the shifting stakes and stakeholders in this rapidly moving field.","representedInStars":false}
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{"key":"open-science-source-14-c1/c246","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/d8f5e800bf20473b","nativeRecordCid":"1952510f-7e07-4ee4-8ce5-f055337b0477","documentId":"open-science-source-14-c1","id":"c246","text":"Errors in unfinished genomic sequence data could result in shoddy follow-on research.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"errors in unfinished genomic sequence data","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Between 1997 and 1998, GenBank finally agreed to host the HGP’s unfinished data in a special division, the High Throughput Genomic Sequence Division, though the arrangement came with caveats as errors could result in shoddy follow-on research (1998 Bermuda Meeting Transcript; [Bentley 1996](https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC7307446/#R146); [Ouellette and Boguski 1997](https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC7307446/#R429); [Guyer 1998](https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC7307446/#R279); [Hilgartner 2017](https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC7307446/#R305), Chap. 6, esp. pp. 173–175).","representedInStars":false}
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{"key":"open-science-source-14-c1/c361","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/c5b093f243da4fb6","nativeRecordCid":"d979f281-5a0e-4eb9-aa79-4f184cc89fc3","documentId":"open-science-source-14-c1","id":"c361","text":"Daily data release became a formal grant condition at the NIH and the Wellcome Trust.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"daily data release as grant condition","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Daily data release may have become a formal grant condition at the NIH and the Wellcome Trust, but the scientists and administrators at other major HGP funding agencies, particularly outside the US, found ways to sidestep or revise their existing polices just to remain compliant.","representedInStars":false}
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{"key":"open-science-source-14-c1/c398","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/ba8682acb8d34f5a","nativeRecordCid":"6d637854-075c-4315-8bf4-41c40be76671","documentId":"open-science-source-14-c1","id":"c398","text":"The Bermuda Principles proved consistent with the HGP's public works mandate from the very beginning.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"Bermuda Principles and public works mandate","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Moreover, it was through their aspirational and paradigmatic nature that the Bermuda Principles could repeatedly be so imperfectly implemented in policy and in practice, yet still remain as a spiritual rallying cry for the HGP, one that eventually stood in as a justification for the project and proved consistent with its public works mandate from the very beginning.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-14-c1/c399","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/3886051f43de4daf","nativeRecordCid":"555224ed-43a5-40fe-b875-fb39b391a415","documentId":"open-science-source-14-c1","id":"c399","text":"The Bermuda Principles functioned like a boundary object, or perhaps as a \"boundary policy.\"","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"Bermuda Principles as boundary object","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"In this sense, the Bermuda Principles functioned like a boundary object ([Star and Griesemer 1989](https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC7307446/#R489); [Bowker and Star 1999](https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC7307446/#R155); for an analysis of the UK HGMP as a boundary object, see [Balmer 1996b](https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC7307446/#R138)), or perhaps as a “boundary policy.”","representedInStars":false}
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{"key":"open-science-source-14-c1/c406","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/6987c6c9ca7743d6","nativeRecordCid":"dc6f286f-e223-4724-bc38-ed75737bdc5f","documentId":"open-science-source-14-c1","id":"c406","text":"These interdisciplinary issues should continue to draw sustained and critical attention from a range of viewpoints, including from historians, philosophers, social scientists, ethicists, legal and policy analysts, and scientists.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"historians, philosophers, social scientists, ethicists, legal and policy analysts, and scientists","subject":"attention to interdisciplinary genomics issues","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"These interdisciplinary issues, indeed, should continue to draw sustained and critical attention from a range of viewpoints, including from historians, philosophers, social scientists, ethicists, legal and policy analysts, and scientists.","representedInStars":false}
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{"key":"open-science-source-14-c1/c437","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/72b4aa60c0054081","nativeRecordCid":"a8729e4f-3532-4f42-8576-f42328d894cb","documentId":"open-science-source-14-c1","id":"c437","text":"GenBank and the PDB had divergent policies for data curation post-submission.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"GenBank and PDB policies","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"GenBank and the PDB did have divergent policies for data curation post-submission, however","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-14-c1/c438","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/9f1c16cf111b4413","nativeRecordCid":"f7812e6b-219b-47a8-a29c-c94fb96b6abe","documentId":"open-science-source-14-c1","id":"c438","text":"Direct lines of continuity between early twentieth-century Drosophila geneticists and the Bermuda Principles are difficult to document.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"continuity between Drosophila genetics and Bermuda Principles","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Similar sharing patterns existed among *Drosophila* geneticists in the early twentieth century ([Kohler 1994](https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC7307446/#R350)), but direct lines of continuity between these researchers and the Bermuda Principles are difficult to document.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-14-c1/c439","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/ecb592b525d14453","nativeRecordCid":"486de507-956b-4878-8ebe-dacbbf05dbe9","documentId":"open-science-source-14-c1","id":"c439","text":"Individuals working on medically-oriented topics were more likely to behave secretively than those working on basic molecular mechanisms.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"researchers on medically-oriented topics","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The implication, of course, was that individuals working on medically-oriented topics were more likely to behave secretively.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-14-c1/c440","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/dbe1fef4aac04eb7","nativeRecordCid":"98f9946b-5302-49d6-9d92-f929196a2b31","documentId":"open-science-source-14-c1","id":"c440","text":"STSs are operationally unique in the human genome, meaning they can be specifically detected via PCR in the presence of all other genomic sequences.","kind":"definitional","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"STSs","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"STSs are “operationally unique in the human genome (that is, [they] can be specifically detected via PCR [polymerase chain reaction] in the presence of all other genomic sequences)” ([Olson et al. 1989](https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC7307446/#R425), p. 1434).","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-14-c1/c441","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/03fd1033b3d74574","nativeRecordCid":"efef1ea3-bc06-4fd1-8d00-02af60dc06cd","documentId":"open-science-source-14-c1","id":"c441","text":"The overwhelming advantage of STSs over mapping landmarks defined in other ways is that the means of testing for the presence of a particular STS can be completely described as information in a database.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"STSs","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"the overwhelming advantage of STSs over mapping landmarks defined in other ways is that the means of testing for the presence of a particular STS can be completely described as information in a database. No access to the biological materials that led to the definition or mapping of an STS is required by a scientist wishing to assay a DNA sample for its presence” (Ibid.).","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-14-c1/c442","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/a800e7cc64a04eda","nativeRecordCid":"e0510683-72f6-4e2b-86d8-aa055f2b1981","documentId":"open-science-source-14-c1","id":"c442","text":"No access to the biological materials that led to the definition or mapping of an STS is required by a scientist wishing to assay a DNA sample for its presence.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"STSs","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"the overwhelming advantage of STSs over mapping landmarks defined in other ways is that the means of testing for the presence of a particular STS can be completely described as information in a database. No access to the biological materials that led to the definition or mapping of an STS is required by a scientist wishing to assay a DNA sample for its presence” (Ibid.).","representedInStars":false}
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{"key":"open-science-source-14-c1/c448","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/ee33efff22424266","nativeRecordCid":"105e2f32-2faf-4c0d-aae9-f2e8216e464a","documentId":"open-science-source-14-c1","id":"c448","text":"Patentable inventions must be useful.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"","subject":"patentable inventions","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Patent criteria in the US, which are similar worldwide, stipulate that inventions must be novel, non-obvious, and useful (35 USC. §§ 100–103).","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-14-c1/c449","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/5d3e3ba077a54611","nativeRecordCid":"695c38bc-1401-46f8-821b-9347324038ec","documentId":"open-science-source-14-c1","id":"c449","text":"The Bermuda Principles were designed, at least in part, to democratize access to and downstream utilization of the HGP's sequences.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"Bermuda Principles","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Hilgartner, on the other hand, supports our view, that the Bermuda Principles were designed, at least in part, to democratize the access to and downstream utilization of the HGP’s sequences ([Hilgartner 2004a](https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC7307446/#R300), p. 125).","representedInStars":false}
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{"key":"open-science-source-14-c1/c459","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/0474e86a4f4149dd","nativeRecordCid":"103a91a1-8729-41a0-9c49-6e01afd6053e","documentId":"open-science-source-14-c1","id":"c459","text":"Under the Chatham House Rule, when a meeting or part of it is held under the rule, participants are free to use the information received, but neither the identity nor the affiliation of the speaker or any other participant may be revealed.","kind":"definitional","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"Chatham House Rule","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"“When a meeting, or part thereof, is held under the Chatham House Rule, participants are free to use the information received, but neither the identity nor the affiliation of the speaker(s), nor that of any other participant, may be revealed” (<https://www.chathamhouse.org/chatham-house-rule>, accessed 24 May 2018).","representedInStars":false}
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{"key":"open-science-source-14-c2/c8","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/5b6985fe14254598","nativeRecordCid":"70505b99-dc8a-4e8c-9bd7-e1f1b3c7cadf","documentId":"open-science-source-14-c2","id":"c8","text":"Each of the three stakeholders in the system of rapid, pre-publication release of data from community resource projects - data producers, data users and funding agencies - has an active role to play in promulgating the tradition of open and rapid data release.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"data producers, data users and funding agencies","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"the meeting attendees concluded that each of the three stakeholders in the system - data producers, data users and funding agencies - has an active role to play in promulgating this tradition of open and rapid data release.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-14-c2/c9","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/4f86f7d4bb4b4207","nativeRecordCid":"06ece59e-adea-4e8e-b12f-acfda5d56a89","documentId":"open-science-source-14-c2","id":"c9","text":"DNA sequence assemblies of 2 kb or greater from large-insert clone-based projects must be deposited in a public nucleotide sequence database within 24 hours of generation.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"large-insert clone-based projects","subject":"DNA sequence assemblies from large-insert clone-based projects","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Large-insert clone-based projects: DNA sequence assemblies of 2 kb or greater are to be deposited in a public nucleotide sequence database (GenBank, EMBL or DDBJ) within 24 hours of generation.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-14-c2/c10","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/cfe627d55d484cda","nativeRecordCid":"2f662a13-ed8b-4d18-a3d1-a9d5112edf78","documentId":"open-science-source-14-c2","id":"c10","text":"Sequence traces from large-insert clone-based projects must be deposited in a trace archive within one week of production.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"large-insert clone-based projects","subject":"sequence traces from large-insert clone-based projects","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Sequence traces from these projects are to be deposited in a trace archive (NCBI Trace Repository or Ensembl Trace Server) within one week of production.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-14-c2/c11","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/02330de76cf1400e","nativeRecordCid":"208c0868-eef4-4162-a953-601884c2beb1","documentId":"open-science-source-14-c2","id":"c11","text":"Sequence traces from whole genome shotgun projects must be deposited in a trace archive within one week of production.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"whole genome shotgun projects","subject":"sequence traces from whole genome shotgun projects","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Whole genome shotgun projects: Sequence traces from whole genome shotgun projects are to be deposited in a trace archive (NCBI Trace Repository or Ensembl Trace Server) within one week of production.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-14-c2/c12","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/064045b71c8d493e","nativeRecordCid":"67407667-a167-4c5e-bfab-026008ab5030","documentId":"open-science-source-14-c2","id":"c12","text":"Whole genome assemblies must be deposited in a public nucleotide sequence database as soon as possible after the assembled sequence has met a set of quality evaluation criteria.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"whole genome shotgun projects","subject":"whole genome assemblies","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Whole genome assemblies are to be deposited in a public nucleotide sequence database as soon as possible after the assembled sequence has met a set of quality evaluation criteria.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-14-c2/c13","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/391b107dea4d4f01","nativeRecordCid":"3f5c630f-06ad-4cce-ab7c-185df02d7dd1","documentId":"open-science-source-14-c2","id":"c13","text":"Deposited sequence data should be available for all to use without restriction.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"","subject":"deposited sequence data","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The deposited data should be available for all to use without restriction.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-14-c2/c14","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/310c3605d1b44b40","nativeRecordCid":"a269e8fd-f0c0-4d62-94a7-93efb61d4a18","documentId":"open-science-source-14-c2","id":"c14","text":"The successful maintenance of the system of rapid, unrestricted, pre-publication data release requires constructive behavior on the part of both sequence producers and users.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"sequence producers and users","subject":"maintenance of the rapid data release system","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The NHGRI recognizes that the successful maintenance of the system of rapid, unrestricted, pre-publication data release requires constructive behavior on the part of both sequence producers and users.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-14-c2/c15","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/a82473b898534d00","nativeRecordCid":"283c419d-9073-4f34-be07-392e9fa8a423","documentId":"open-science-source-14-c2","id":"c15","text":"Sequence producers are in a unique, central position.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"sequence producers' position","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Sequence producers are in a unique, central position.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-14-c2/c16","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/ee2055c1e6b747b1","nativeRecordCid":"2968fc51-4a46-4bef-9ecc-a7702d30e13e","documentId":"open-science-source-14-c2","id":"c16","text":"The scientific community is dependent on the success of sequence producers' efforts.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"community's dependence on sequence producers","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The community is dependent on the success of their efforts and they typically face relatively little direct competition.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-14-c2/c17","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/a699f4911c034720","nativeRecordCid":"0e8b102f-772e-4f1f-9a0a-d4767a9bcdc0","documentId":"open-science-source-14-c2","id":"c17","text":"Sequence producers typically face relatively little direct competition.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"sequence producers' competition","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The community is dependent on the success of their efforts and they typically face relatively little direct competition.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-14-c2/c18","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/28165ccebd4c43fe","nativeRecordCid":"bc15791a-e66b-486f-8781-59dad8086355","documentId":"open-science-source-14-c2","id":"c18","text":"It is not possible to guarantee sequence producers the standard scientific incentive of publishing the initial analysis of the data they generate without applying restrictions that might inhibit the broadest possible use of the data by the scientific community.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"guaranteeing sequence producers' publication incentive","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"However, it is not possible to guarantee them the standard scientific incentive of publishing the initial analysis of the data they generate without applying restrictions that might inhibit the broadest possible use of the data by the scientific community.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-14-c2/c19","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/43098d236d194160","nativeRecordCid":"42b62782-4603-4380-8238-9a007bfb1e49","documentId":"open-science-source-14-c2","id":"c19","text":"Sequence data from large-scale sequence production centers are occasionally used in ways that violate normal standards of scientific etiquette.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"use of sequence data","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Accordingly, the sequence producers must recognize that even if the sequence data are occasionally used in ways that violate normal standards of scientific etiquette, unconditional release of sequence data from large-scale sequence production centers is a necessary risk set against the considerable benefits of immediate data release.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-14-c2/c20","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/373f26f9efa74589","nativeRecordCid":"c805a5ba-7229-4e93-8258-9a47fd188023","documentId":"open-science-source-14-c2","id":"c20","text":"Unconditional release of sequence data from large-scale sequence production centers is a necessary risk set against the considerable benefits of immediate data release.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"unconditional release of sequence data","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Accordingly, the sequence producers must recognize that even if the sequence data are occasionally used in ways that violate normal standards of scientific etiquette, unconditional release of sequence data from large-scale sequence production centers is a necessary risk set against the considerable benefits of immediate data release.","representedInStars":false}
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{"key":"open-science-source-15-c1/c48","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/ccb1f00592624af3","nativeRecordCid":"e3013da9-a295-4dd3-91b2-a9634a857a73","documentId":"open-science-source-15-c1","id":"c48","text":"As a minimum, the breakdown of prices should be at a publisher level.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"publishers","subject":"breakdown of prices","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"As a minimum, the breakdown of prices should be at a publisher level, but where possible publishers are encouraged to provide this price transparency at the journal level.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-15-c1/c49","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/ab7969fae14c496e","nativeRecordCid":"ce4ae88b-6d16-4102-87ba-a3a35c5ad2f0","documentId":"open-science-source-15-c1","id":"c49","text":"Publishers should provide price transparency at the journal level where possible.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"publishers","subject":"journal-level price transparency","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"As a minimum, the breakdown of prices should be at a publisher level, but where possible publishers are encouraged to provide this price transparency at the journal level.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-15-c1/c50","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/c87972863b624f0e","nativeRecordCid":"d2d20fca-072c-4fd7-a919-313e62425ea4","documentId":"open-science-source-15-c1","id":"c50","text":"Prices for publishing services should be fair and reasonable and reflect the publishing costs.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"","subject":"fairness of publishing service prices","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"cOAlition S will thereby contribute to establishing fair and reasonable prices for publishing services, including equitable waiver policies, that reflect the publishing costs.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-15-c1/c51","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/0084fae9dbe34d90","nativeRecordCid":"84f885c7-5b8d-4a5f-91e3-925b2a6f0ffa","documentId":"open-science-source-15-c1","id":"c51","text":"Waiver policies for publishing services should be equitable.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"","subject":"equitable waiver policies","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"cOAlition S will thereby contribute to establishing fair and reasonable prices for publishing services, including equitable waiver policies, that reflect the publishing costs.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-15-c1/c52","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/e4222eaea56e47df","nativeRecordCid":"da470487-054d-4706-9364-4c427ae08a48","documentId":"open-science-source-15-c1","id":"c52","text":"Individual cOAlition S funders may decide to standardise and cap the reimbursement of services that they cover through their grants.","kind":"normative","modality":"may","actor":"individual cOAlition S funders","subject":"standardisation and capping of reimbursement","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Individual cOAlition S funders may decide to standardise and cap the reimbursement of services that they will cover through their grants.","representedInStars":false}
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{"key":"open-science-source-15-c2/c35","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/35fea7fc44db4b07","nativeRecordCid":"f71fc67b-d5b1-4115-b294-efb55570baf9","documentId":"open-science-source-15-c2","id":"c35","text":"OA levels among cOAlition S funders have continued to rise over the past four years.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"cOAlition S funders' OA levels","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The data consistently shows that over the past four years, OA levels have continued to rise, with more than four-fifths of the articles attributed to cOAlition S funders being available as OA in 2024.","representedInStars":false}
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{"key":"open-science-source-17/c74","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/ce035faa15f3457a","nativeRecordCid":"0747833f-3faf-4f0c-af06-86b2ddef66a3","documentId":"open-science-source-17","id":"c74","text":"Publication risks ceasing to be a reliable probabilistic signal of truth.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"publication as a truth signal","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Publication then risks ceasing to be a reliable probabilistic signal of truth.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-17/c75","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/db1fb9f9fe3648dd","nativeRecordCid":"7b75ff9a-2bdd-40af-a309-c489ef793083","documentId":"open-science-source-17","id":"c75","text":"AI/ML benchmarks absorbed the reproducibility cost inversion early, through test-set contamination, leaderboard climbing tuned to public rankings rather than underlying capability, and irreproducible state-of-the-art claims.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"AI/ML benchmarks","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"AI/ML benchmarks absorbed this hit early, through test-set contamination (evaluation data leaking into training corpora),","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-17/c76","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/7fadf1a6d8ce4aab","nativeRecordCid":"ce004d23-8378-4b52-8196-da0d85e8417b","documentId":"open-science-source-17","id":"c76","text":"AI-assisted grant proposals converge on the rhetorical surface of fundability without necessarily matching in intellectual depth.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"AI-assisted grant proposals","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"AI-assisted proposals converge on the rhetorical surface of fundability (the right vocabulary, the right structure, the right citations) without necessarily matching in intellectual depth.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-17/c77","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/4fd72fdb75b74814","nativeRecordCid":"f4f2d083-5902-4e39-ae43-6206b6b741f8","documentId":"open-science-source-17","id":"c77","text":"AI funding programmes' proposal templates and panel-reading protocols were not designed for an environment where rhetorical surface and intellectual depth diverge.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"AI funding programmes","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"their proposal templates and panel-reading protocols were not designed for an environment where rhetorical surface and intellectual depth diverge.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-17/c78","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/f4e9311593da417c","nativeRecordCid":"a64d8218-93dc-4c57-9e80-3fab4ad4d67e","documentId":"open-science-source-17","id":"c78","text":"Each of the peer review, authorship, reproducibility, and grant-evaluation problems is an institutional failure mode that compounds silently, not a productivity complaint.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"institutional failure modes","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Each is an institutional failure mode that compounds silently, not a productivity complaint.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-17/c79","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/14597eb404774403","nativeRecordCid":"3ca0b792-fb45-4bc1-9617-bb811415b1e5","documentId":"open-science-source-17","id":"c79","text":"Treating the peer review, authorship, reproducibility, and grant-evaluation problems as tooling problems is a category error because the binding constraint is institutional.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"institutional failure modes","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Treating any of them as a tooling problem is a category error: the binding constraint is institutional.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-17/c80","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/b6879fdfe8f44a1e","nativeRecordCid":"2d0666ca-6418-4afb-8625-7a749b42e798","documentId":"open-science-source-17","id":"c80","text":"A paper that has been reproduced carries information that a paper merely reviewed does not.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"reproduced papers","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"A paper that has been reproduced (the computational claim re-run, the data re-checked, the numerical results re-derived) carries information that a paper merely “reviewed” does not.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-17/c81","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/479518137b1f443f","nativeRecordCid":"d1800e44-8f9f-4f77-a081-5575b14b1d36","documentId":"open-science-source-17","id":"c81","text":"Verification infrastructure is the editorial work that actually adds information.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"verification infrastructure","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Verification infrastructure (reproducibility pipelines, provenance chains, attestation, adversarial replay) is the editorial work that actually adds information.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-17/c82","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/95f338bac9a64879","nativeRecordCid":"48f2f003-1819-4292-a595-dabc387ac5e7","documentId":"open-science-source-17","id":"c82","text":"What counts as a successful replication is itself often contested.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"successful replication","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"what counts as a successful replication is itself often contested, the predicament known as the experimenter’s regress","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-17/c83","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/7c44f7a162744170","nativeRecordCid":"975ea863-21c7-4588-a035-f6111902a72a","documentId":"open-science-source-17","id":"c83","text":"Verification is strongest for closed computational claims and degrades as claims depend on tacit skill or interpretation.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"verification strength","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"verification is strongest for closed computational claims and degrades as claims depend on tacit skill or interpretation","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-17/c84","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/2abc37fbfe594ff3","nativeRecordCid":"7f46f5b7-5b6e-43eb-b8a9-3715f403eaee","documentId":"open-science-source-17","id":"c84","text":"Certification must be tiered rather than binary.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"","subject":"certification design","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"which is one reason certification must be tiered rather than binary (Section 5).","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-17/c85","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/1b2ad705728d41a3","nativeRecordCid":"d80c0912-0b85-4264-b218-4f0b7f4f6bde","documentId":"open-science-source-17","id":"c85","text":"Certification marks decouple from actual verification unless someone audits the verifiers.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"certification marks","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Second, certification marks decouple from actual verification unless someone audits the verifiers","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-17/c86","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/b1bd7ea8f2cb436a","nativeRecordCid":"2f768e69-ad9c-4dbb-8639-f7b7f8dc1ed2","documentId":"open-science-source-17","id":"c86","text":"The reproducibility checklists deployed at NeurIPS and elsewhere are a partial version of the needed verification infrastructure.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"NeurIPS reproducibility checklists","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The reproducibility checklists deployed at NeurIPS and elsewhere [8] are a partial version of the needed infrastructure;","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-17/c87","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/9309370636404e62","nativeRecordCid":"1759f0af-bfb4-4ad1-9985-e5ee1ff98a9a","documentId":"open-science-source-17","id":"c87","text":"The reproducibility checklists deployed at NeurIPS and elsewhere were built when the marginal cost of a fabricated baseline was higher than it now is.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"NeurIPS reproducibility checklists","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"they were built when the marginal cost of a fabricated baseline was higher than it now is.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-17/c88","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/5952cc332aeb4e34","nativeRecordCid":"bb346ac3-6132-468c-b89a-a233b1b71546","documentId":"open-science-source-17","id":"c88","text":"Legitimacy is an audience-attributed asset of the institution: the generalised perception, among those who rely on its certificates, that its certifying acts are proper.","kind":"definitional","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"legitimacy","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"By legitimacy this Comment means an audience-attributed asset of the institution: the generalised perception, among those who rely on its certificates, that its certifying acts are proper and its marks mean what they claim","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-17/c89","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/29838da39e4e442b","nativeRecordCid":"38246134-13ce-4400-b7ee-2a6eb6271b77","documentId":"open-science-source-17","id":"c89","text":"Legitimacy is an audience-attributed asset of the institution: the generalised perception, among those who rely on its certificates, that its marks mean what they claim.","kind":"definitional","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"legitimacy","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"By legitimacy this Comment means an audience-attributed asset of the institution: the generalised perception, among those who rely on its certificates, that its certifying acts are proper and its marks mean what they claim","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-17/c90","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/bdc0cf133c384c33","nativeRecordCid":"117d0939-e573-4ac3-8f4e-70cdd1b9de92","documentId":"open-science-source-17","id":"c90","text":"Organized skepticism functions as science's professed ideology of self-correction, whose enactment is what replenishes the perception of legitimacy.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"organized skepticism","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Merton’s “organized skepticism” [17] matters here not as a description of how scientists behave but as science’s professed ideology of self-correction, whose enactment (somebody actually checking) is what replenishes that perception.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-17/c91","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/9da943e1bf7748c5","nativeRecordCid":"3b8debc5-6159-4bf8-8973-98c363602b7f","documentId":"open-science-source-17","id":"c91","text":"Legitimacy behaves like a commons, with a twist.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"legitimacy","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Legitimacy so understood behaves like a commons [18, 19], with a twist.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-17/c92","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/68870506fa884a32","nativeRecordCid":"86bd897f-a94d-47b8-86fa-685a4ec000e3","documentId":"open-science-source-17","id":"c92","text":"Legitimacy is not used up by readers; one reader's trust does not subtract from another's.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"legitimacy","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"It is not used up by readers (one reader’s trust does not subtract from another’s);","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-17/c93","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/83dbe5e146cb4e27","nativeRecordCid":"c55a2381-1a52-4572-b708-8f26777f39ac","documentId":"open-science-source-17","id":"c93","text":"Legitimacy is polluted by bad certification, with each visibly unreproducible accepted paper degrading the shared stock of trust in the certifying mark.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"legitimacy","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"it is polluted by bad certification, each visibly unreproducible accepted paper degrading the shared stock of trust in the certifying mark.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-17/c94","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/51f84878690e42e4","nativeRecordCid":"8149f821-04dc-454c-8961-49eacb117d86","documentId":"open-science-source-17","id":"c94","text":"Ostrom's design principles transfer to legitimacy through their provision side, the rules organising who contributes maintenance labour, rather than their appropriation side.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"Ostrom's design principles","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Ostrom’s design principles therefore transfer through their provision side, the rules organising who contributes maintenance labour, rather than their appropriation side [18]:","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-17/c95","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/863519fc32554a7c","nativeRecordCid":"f736b077-b0ed-48e2-969b-83eba2c6fb9d","documentId":"open-science-source-17","id":"c95","text":"For legitimacy as a commons, the free-rider problem is underprovision of checking.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"legitimacy commons free-rider problem","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"the free-rider problem is underprovision of checking, and the pollution problem is certification without it.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-17/c96","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/24d53e88cd68465f","nativeRecordCid":"912efefe-5ff5-45af-9e52-8a948b3ed5f2","documentId":"open-science-source-17","id":"c96","text":"For legitimacy as a commons, the pollution problem is certification without checking.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"legitimacy commons pollution problem","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"the free-rider problem is underprovision of checking, and the pollution problem is certification without it.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-17/c97","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/eca4f207272e4a70","nativeRecordCid":"33ee7a13-c04d-4267-8368-8680dbafeb5a","documentId":"open-science-source-17","id":"c97","text":"Issuer-pays certification, in which the rated firm pays the rater much as an article-fee-paying author pays a journal, coexisted with informative corporate ratings for three decades in the credit-rating industry, disciplined by the agencies' reputational stake.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"credit-rating agencies","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Issuer-pays certification, in which the rated firm pays the rater much as an article-fee-paying author pays a journal, coexisted with informative corporate ratings for three decades, disciplined by the agencies’ reputational","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-17/c98","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/077397fde6c74203","nativeRecordCid":"acdeee26-2ffe-4c15-b8a1-bdfaeb933283","documentId":"open-science-source-17","id":"c98","text":"The structured-finance collapse required products complex enough to permit shopping among raters.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"structured-finance collapse conditions","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The structured-finance collapse required activating conditions: products complex enough to permit shopping among raters, boom-time fee revenue that outweighed reputational caution, and, critically, regulation that hardwired demand for ratings into capital rules, making that demand insensitive to accuracy [20].","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-17/c99","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/bf4dcd0877714b8e","nativeRecordCid":"32862907-f954-4a06-a1dc-80e96789b16b","documentId":"open-science-source-17","id":"c99","text":"The structured-finance collapse required boom-time fee revenue that outweighed reputational caution.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"structured-finance collapse conditions","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The structured-finance collapse required activating conditions: products complex enough to permit shopping among raters, boom-time fee revenue that outweighed reputational caution, and, critically, regulation that hardwired demand for ratings into capital rules, making that demand insensitive to accuracy [20].","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-17/c100","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/4db73772ba1e4b02","nativeRecordCid":"13776be1-6557-405e-8ddf-ce4336985cc8","documentId":"open-science-source-17","id":"c100","text":"The structured-finance collapse required regulation that hardwired demand for ratings into capital rules, making that demand insensitive to accuracy.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"structured-finance collapse conditions","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The structured-finance collapse required activating conditions: products complex enough to permit shopping among raters, boom-time fee revenue that outweighed reputational caution, and, critically, regulation that hardwired demand for ratings into capital rules, making that demand insensitive to accuracy [20].","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-17/c101","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/400eebc4c5144cb0","nativeRecordCid":"6e48aea6-1023-46e0-8ded-7a17bb9eb532","documentId":"open-science-source-17","id":"c101","text":"Gold open access is an issuer-pays payment structure.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"gold open access","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Scientific publishing already shares the payment structure of the cautionary case (gold open access is issuer-pays, and predatory journals are its ratings-inflation equilibrium);","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-17/c102","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/c9bd4cf360354adf","nativeRecordCid":"6c76ef88-d14a-4f95-8618-41160e43dfd8","documentId":"open-science-source-17","id":"c102","text":"Predatory journals are the ratings-inflation equilibrium of scientific publishing's issuer-pays structure.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"predatory journals","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Scientific publishing already shares the payment structure of the cautionary case (gold open access is issuer-pays, and predatory journals are its ratings-inflation equilibrium);","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-17/c103","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/ade6fc700a284ab7","nativeRecordCid":"02948aa3-2e8a-4814-a183-076b217916f8","documentId":"open-science-source-17","id":"c103","text":"Scientific publishing does not yet have the hardwired demand that the credit-rating collapse required.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"scientific publishing","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"what it does not yet have is the hardwired demand, a point Section 5 returns to.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-17/c104","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/2711bc4c33654b4b","nativeRecordCid":"13241693-d02d-481d-ade3-add5c6677391","documentId":"open-science-source-17","id":"c104","text":"Legitimacy-maintenance is the scarce labour, not certification itself.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"legitimacy-maintenance","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Legitimacy-maintenance is the scarce labour, not certification itself.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-17/c105","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/a01fb0c432704670","nativeRecordCid":"e5c72989-b06e-46ba-bf65-6b3f2f6c36a3","documentId":"open-science-source-17","id":"c105","text":"Institutions that overspend their legitimacy budget do not announce it; they become irrelevant while surface activity continues.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"institutions overspending legitimacy","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Institutions that overspend their legitimacy budget do not announce it; they become irrelevant while surface activity continues.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-17/c106","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/dc7a33bcf6834668","nativeRecordCid":"e94130d5-f135-492d-8f6c-7f1cd79cf313","documentId":"open-science-source-17","id":"c106","text":"Current publication metadata does not carry facts about which model produced a scientific claim.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"publication metadata","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Which model produced a claim, which data it was trained on, which prompt sequence elicited it, which human decisions shaped the output: these are facts about a scientific artefact that current publication metadata does not carry.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-17/c107","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/687bf7507c12462f","nativeRecordCid":"56bfb6cc-64db-4495-a63b-a8758b9f0824","documentId":"open-science-source-17","id":"c107","text":"Current publication metadata does not carry facts about which data a model was trained on.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"publication metadata","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Which model produced a claim, which data it was trained on, which prompt sequence elicited it, which human decisions shaped the output: these are facts about a scientific artefact that current publication metadata does not carry.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-17/c108","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/3980d104243741da","nativeRecordCid":"9d782163-750f-47ae-97f0-f6afbdd38cd5","documentId":"open-science-source-17","id":"c108","text":"Current publication metadata does not carry facts about which prompt sequence elicited an output.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"publication metadata","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Which model produced a claim, which data it was trained on, which prompt sequence elicited it, which human decisions shaped the output: these are facts about a scientific artefact that current publication metadata does not carry.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-17/c109","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/0b82830c2d3242da","nativeRecordCid":"158b2d22-24ab-45ff-9a0e-8f0a77eb9dcf","documentId":"open-science-source-17","id":"c109","text":"Current publication metadata does not carry facts about which human decisions shaped an output.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"publication metadata","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Which model produced a claim, which data it was trained on, which prompt sequence elicited it, which human decisions shaped the output: these are facts about a scientific artefact that current publication metadata does not carry.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-17/c110","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/14a0265ade604518","nativeRecordCid":"291db2a3-9b8b-422a-9197-6537f2b813c0","documentId":"open-science-source-17","id":"c110","text":"The components of a unified scientific-artefact provenance standard exist piecemeal, including model cards and datasheets and W3C-PROV.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"provenance standard components","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The components exist piecemeal: model cards and datasheets (standardised disclosure documents describing what a model or a dataset contains and how it was built) and W3C-PROV (a web standard for machine-readable provenance records).","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-17/c111","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/8e418aa402584e0c","nativeRecordCid":"31af1927-217f-4042-9cf1-5c9af06314b9","documentId":"open-science-source-17","id":"c111","text":"What is missing is a unified scientific-artefact standard that composes the existing provenance components.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"unified scientific-artefact standard","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"What is missing is a unified scientific-artefact standard that composes them.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-17/c112","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/eb86b9a753c04b96","nativeRecordCid":"b426cfd7-7cf0-4c03-8209-4594393287dd","documentId":"open-science-source-17","id":"c112","text":"C2PA demonstrates the provenance-recording approach for images and video.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"C2PA","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"C2PA, an industry standard that cryptographically records a media file’s origin and edit history, demonstrates the approach for images and video [21];","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-17/c113","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/f2eb84e5dfab4f71","nativeRecordCid":"be939a13-fd2c-420b-8c6c-07ae08cd49bd","documentId":"open-science-source-17","id":"c113","text":"Extending C2PA's approach to multi-component scientific outputs spanning code, data, trained models, prompt records, and human-edited text is an open infrastructure problem for scholarly communication as a whole.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"provenance for scientific outputs","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"extending it to multi-component scientific outputs spanning code, data, trained models, prompt records, and human-edited text is an open infrastructure problem for scholarly communication as a whole,","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-17/c114","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/83c56143b2854233","nativeRecordCid":"be604efa-3f02-4b61-8b1a-1f50cfbb0491","documentId":"open-science-source-17","id":"c114","text":"The AI/ML community has already built most of the components needed for a unified scientific-artefact provenance standard.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"AI/ML community","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"and the AI/ML community has already built most of the components.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-17/c115","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/97e2db6ad1104217","nativeRecordCid":"2cfdffda-acee-4d17-b551-5024298884e9","documentId":"open-science-source-17","id":"c115","text":"Integration capacity's constraint is multi-stakeholder, with authors, reviewers, readers, and downstream users of scientific claims each having a distinct tolerance curve for delegated AI-judgment.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"integration capacity constraint","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The constraint is multi-stakeholder: authors, reviewers, readers, and downstream users of scientific claims (clinicians, policymakers, journalists, industry) each have a distinct tolerance curve, and the institution is bounded by the strictest of them.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-17/c116","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/289e76972a6541fb","nativeRecordCid":"cf304441-b798-4f3a-9b20-34c1faf62dfe","documentId":"open-science-source-17","id":"c116","text":"An institution's integration capacity is bounded by the strictest of its stakeholders' tolerance curves.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"integration capacity constraint","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The constraint is multi-stakeholder: authors, reviewers, readers, and downstream users of scientific claims (clinicians, policymakers, journalists, industry) each have a distinct tolerance curve, and the institution is bounded by the strictest of them.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-17/c117","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/a54bf55173314597","nativeRecordCid":"445366f8-3c0b-4190-996e-ff2392f427b7","documentId":"open-science-source-17","id":"c117","text":"Candidate proxies for measuring integration-capacity tolerances, such as dissent rates, uptake of human-only review tracks, and disclosure-weighted citation patterns, are not yet systematically collected anywhere.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"integration-capacity measurement proxies","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"candidate proxies (dissent rates, uptake of human-only review tracks where offered, disclosure-weighted citation patterns) are, to the author’s knowledge, not yet systematically collected anywhere,","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-17/c118","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/fe507d15082946f1","nativeRecordCid":"769f898e-718a-43df-8958-58ba20e208ac","documentId":"open-science-source-17","id":"c118","text":"Absorptive capacity is a producer-side ability, an organisation's capacity to recognise, assimilate, and exploit external knowledge, grown by investment, whereas integration capacity is audience-side, belonging to the community that consumes certification.","kind":"definitional","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"absorptive capacity vs integration capacity","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Absorptive capacity [22] is a producer-side ability, an organisation’s capacity to recognise, assimilate, and exploit external knowledge, grown by investment; integration capacity is audience-side, belonging to the community that consumes certification.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-17/c119","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/c3700bbd5ad44cd8","nativeRecordCid":"babd39e0-47b4-4343-a8a0-f858c85a0883","documentId":"open-science-source-17","id":"c119","text":"Power's audit society describes the saturating supply of verification rituals, whereas integration capacity is the demand side, the willingness to accept what checking certifies.","kind":"definitional","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"audit society vs integration capacity","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Power’s audit society [23] describes the saturating supply of verification rituals; integration capacity is the demand side, the willingness to accept what checking certifies.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-17/c120","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/6ea20a3e2de74751","nativeRecordCid":"6b5403df-0752-40f7-b492-7939c726b28a","documentId":"open-science-source-17","id":"c120","text":"Communities have delegated judgment to impersonal procedures precisely where trust in experts was weak.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"delegation to impersonal procedures","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"in which communities delegated judgment to impersonal procedures precisely where trust in experts was weak, and tolerance for the delegation grew as the procedures became infrastructural.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-17/c121","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/b60c78799182482c","nativeRecordCid":"f06c1457-c3e0-4b8c-abe6-75884c4326e1","documentId":"open-science-source-17","id":"c121","text":"Tolerance for delegation to impersonal procedures grew as the procedures became infrastructural.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"delegation to impersonal procedures","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"in which communities delegated judgment to impersonal procedures precisely where trust in experts was weak, and tolerance for the delegation grew as the procedures became infrastructural.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-17/c122","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/3c169fc685e745ee","nativeRecordCid":"9e8f7410-ddd0-4ac0-af86-dd0b073bdd85","documentId":"open-science-source-17","id":"c122","text":"Porter's procedures were standardised and inspectable, so every delegation carried its own verification and added to a public track record.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"Porter's mechanical objectivity","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Porter’s procedures were standardised and inspectable, so every delegation carried its own verification and added to a public track record.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-17/c123","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/5948a331272e4b76","nativeRecordCid":"9741861c-854b-4dda-83d6-2bba247a628b","documentId":"open-science-source-17","id":"c123","text":"Delegation to opaque, counterfeit-capable systems carries no such verification warrant.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"delegation to AI systems","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Delegation to opaque, counterfeitcapable systems carries no such warrant.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-17/c124","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/34a7c2af97ab4795","nativeRecordCid":"9394563f-5e8c-4d57-a06e-3e728695fc9a","documentId":"open-science-source-17","id":"c124","text":"Integration capacity is spent by unverified delegation.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"integration capacity","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The conditioned claim is therefore that integration capacity is spent by unverified delegation and grown by delegation coupled to verification,","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-17/c125","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/699f7730546843fd","nativeRecordCid":"219ac34c-3c20-44bc-964a-9c0dde9a7e59","documentId":"open-science-source-17","id":"c125","text":"Integration capacity is grown by delegation coupled to verification.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"integration capacity","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The conditioned claim is therefore that integration capacity is spent by unverified delegation and grown by delegation coupled to verification,","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-17/c126","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/c6b6a906e14a4d87","nativeRecordCid":"5338df03-95ba-483e-8a0f-ebfceea19d63","documentId":"open-science-source-17","id":"c126","text":"Integration capacity is distinct from legitimacy: legitimacy is the institution's stock of accepted authority, while integration capacity is the audience-side rate limit on admitting delegated cognition before that stock drains.","kind":"definitional","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"integration capacity vs legitimacy","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Integration capacity is also distinct from legitimacy: legitimacy is the institution’s stock of accepted authority, while integration","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-17/c127","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/68131dc00d184ab8","nativeRecordCid":"b0aadf80-3798-4c05-a957-f8076f329605","documentId":"open-science-source-17","id":"c127","text":"The four new scarcities are consistent with the knowledge-commons decomposition of Frischmann, Madison, and Strandburg, with integration capacity as the addition prior frameworks do not name.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"four new scarcities","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The four are consistent with the knowledge-commons decomposition (resource, community, governance, goals) of Frischmann, Madison, and Strandburg [19], with integration capacity as the addition prior frameworks do not name.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-17/c128","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/9072283a4d6c46b8","nativeRecordCid":"079e2251-bae1-4c9e-a523-acc1dfc6bd7b","documentId":"open-science-source-17","id":"c128","text":"Different domains exhibit the four new scarcities in different mixes.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"four new scarcities across domains","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Different domains exhibit the four in different mixes;","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-17/c129","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/6e4120e223944a8e","nativeRecordCid":"ebd38591-2dd6-4669-8aed-993d79b1e94a","documentId":"open-science-source-17","id":"c129","text":"Clinical trials and economics journals present sharper-resolved versions of the four-scarcity structure than other domains.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"clinical trials and economics journals","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"clinical trials (registration, and the CONSORT reporting standard) and economics journals (mandatory replication packages) present sharper-resolved versions of the same structure.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-17/c130","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/f8ee2474c1634a5d","nativeRecordCid":"ff8a0402-fcb7-4dd7-b253-0ef8e729d832","documentId":"open-science-source-17","id":"c130","text":"The four moves of the verification-first agenda require no technology that does not already exist.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"verification-first agenda","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Four moves follow concretely; none requires technology that does not already exist,","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-17/c131","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/aa822b05e7874750","nativeRecordCid":"360a3c01-23a2-4b81-ac98-ecd6dabe8954","documentId":"open-science-source-17","id":"c131","text":"The verification-first agenda's four moves rebuild verified signal.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"verification-first agenda effects","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Together they rebuild verified signal, provenance, and legitimacy.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-17/c132","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/5424befbf7914fb5","nativeRecordCid":"a74f047f-b418-4b8c-9db1-3d1e9c1da2df","documentId":"open-science-source-17","id":"c132","text":"The verification-first agenda's four moves rebuild provenance.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"verification-first agenda effects","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Together they rebuild verified signal, provenance, and legitimacy.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-17/c133","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/610e09da6a984eb4","nativeRecordCid":"395433a4-71ae-4207-9fc7-2bea524ac012","documentId":"open-science-source-17","id":"c133","text":"The verification-first agenda's four moves rebuild legitimacy.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"verification-first agenda effects","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Together they rebuild verified signal, provenance, and legitimacy.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-17/c134","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/ca07d50b4482475b","nativeRecordCid":"5bdf8581-620d-4b92-962a-83eeb354cb95","documentId":"open-science-source-17","id":"c134","text":"A subset of accepted papers should carry a statement of the form \"we reproduced the computational claim,\" not merely \"we opined on the narrative.\"","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"","subject":"reproducibility-first editorial action","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"A subset of accepted papers carry a statement of the form “we reproduced the computational claim,” not merely “we opined on the narrative.”","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-17/c135","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/9b7239f167194400","nativeRecordCid":"46671bef-39ff-4f99-bb39-ef4c75b21471","documentId":"open-science-source-17","id":"c135","text":"Evaluator labour, not technical capability, is the binding constraint on reproducibility verification.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"reproducibility verification","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The honest lesson of their track record is that evaluator labour, not technical capability, is the binding constraint,","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-17/c136","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/9124b3de6f424702","nativeRecordCid":"ec5160b4-c996-4da6-a194-60f167a57715","documentId":"open-science-source-17","id":"c136","text":"Investigators invest effort where it converts into recognition, grants, and standing.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"investigator behavior","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"investigators invest effort where it converts into recognition, grants, and standing (the credibility cycle [25]),","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-17/c137","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/3251064a8b6446d3","nativeRecordCid":"12854a71-d59f-47a1-9b75-e5c8d0fc943f","documentId":"open-science-source-17","id":"c137","text":"Verification labour must itself become creditable in hiring and research assessment.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"hiring and research assessment systems","subject":"verification labour","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"so verification labour must itself become creditable in hiring and research assessment, or the evaluator supply never materialises.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-17/c138","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/ab0ddad8b9604060","nativeRecordCid":"30c2c92b-d5bc-4927-b085-d736155ac318","documentId":"open-science-source-17","id":"c138","text":"Certification should be separated into claim-level, result-level, and framework-level tiers, with the tier published alongside the paper.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"","subject":"tiered certification","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Separate claim-level, result-level, and framework-level certification, and publish the tier with the paper.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-17/c139","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/85243c5bb9514f48","nativeRecordCid":"8ab37811-9aee-4a77-9fe4-49f0bdf96109","documentId":"open-science-source-17","id":"c139","text":"AI-assisted tooling can largely handle claim-level checks such as numerical agreement, citation integrity, and code-runs-as-described.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"AI-assisted claim-level checking","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"AI-assisted tooling can largely handle claim-level checks (numerical agreement, citation integrity, code-runs-as-described);","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-17/c140","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/ad0c32263cf44232","nativeRecordCid":"cf79477f-16b4-43bb-8a39-f2b1a41e5027","documentId":"open-science-source-17","id":"c140","text":"Humans should certify results and frameworks, including whether the claim is interesting, whether the framing is sound, and whether the contribution is novel.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"human reviewers","subject":"result- and framework-level certification","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"humans certify results and frameworks (whether the claim is interesting, whether the framing is sound, whether the contribution is novel).","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-17/c141","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/1a56373c4bb54c82","nativeRecordCid":"eb5a9579-215c-4e2f-af30-7f1e55d87536","documentId":"open-science-source-17","id":"c141","text":"Because claim-level checks verify output against ground truth, automation durably helps the checker there, whereas at the rhetorical layer the same technology helps writer and screener equally.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"automation in certification","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"claim-level checks verify output against ground truth, so automation durably helps the checker there, while at the rhetorical layer the same technology helps writer and screener equally, in the arms race of Section 3.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-17/c142","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/e640bd69c93f4950","nativeRecordCid":"e2e04a6f-1629-4017-8aa0-5a5942a7768b","documentId":"open-science-source-17","id":"c142","text":"Registered reports certify a framework before results exist.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"registered reports","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"registered reports [26], which certify a framework before results exist,","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-17/c143","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/e97452a974b64701","nativeRecordCid":"0e041f22-1d7f-43a2-96ad-c8c3a5f30881","documentId":"open-science-source-17","id":"c143","text":"eLife's publish-review-curate model publishes editorial assessments alongside papers.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"eLife's publish-review-curate model","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"eLife’s publish-review-curate model [27], which publishes editorial assessments alongside papers;","representedInStars":true}
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{"key":"open-science-source-17/c153","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/bdab3a0921a34705","nativeRecordCid":"e6970b74-6023-4006-9958-256c921eb152","documentId":"open-science-source-17","id":"c153","text":"Reputation is a slowly built asset.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"reputation","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"reputation is a slowly built asset, users coordinate on common standards, and a monopoly certifier profits by revealing as little as possible [30].","representedInStars":false}
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{"key":"open-science-source-17/c157","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/9c262c780f8240f7","nativeRecordCid":"6e72183a-7ed8-4d4b-ac93-7a0a022e5d86","documentId":"open-science-source-17","id":"c157","text":"Governance of pooled verification labour must be polycentric, with many overlapping accreditors rather than one, and with communities subject to the rules holding seats in writing them, including resource-constrained and Global-South venues.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"","subject":"governance of verification commons","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"First, governance is polycentric: many overlapping accreditors rather than one, with the communities subject to the rules holding seats in writing them, including resourceconstrained and Global-South venues, per Ostrom’s participation principle [18].","representedInStars":false}
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{"key":"open-science-source-17/c160","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/f528340b6dd34d4e","nativeRecordCid":"50c59228-ebae-4b1b-a0de-8643e34a09fd","documentId":"open-science-source-17","id":"c160","text":"Funders may condition grant eligibility on certified-tier publication, providing an enforcement lever that a learned-society convener otherwise lacks.","kind":"normative","modality":"may","actor":"funders","subject":"grant eligibility conditions","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Funders (NSF, Horizon Europe, ARIA) can condition grant eligibility on certifiedtier publication, the enforcement lever a learned-society convener otherwise lacks;","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-17/c161","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/05a52da557db45a4","nativeRecordCid":"3fb539e7-c5ac-4386-9ea4-37b9b1049a0d","documentId":"open-science-source-17","id":"c161","text":"Hardwired demand is exactly how certification discipline dies, as shown by the credit-rating episode.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"hardwired certification demand","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"but the credit-rating episode shows that hardwired demand is exactly how certification discipline dies,","representedInStars":false}
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{"key":"open-science-source-17/c163","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/11473c35141541f3","nativeRecordCid":"ffc24086-13ba-43ed-baad-d70672551e1d","documentId":"open-science-source-17","id":"c163","text":"The realistic sequence for adopting certified-tier publication follows the trial-registration precedent: a venue-level prototype tier first, then a coalition standard, then the funder condition.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"adoption sequence for certified-tier publication","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The realistic sequence follows the trial-registration precedent: a venue-level prototype tier first, then a coalition standard, then the funder condition [28].","representedInStars":false}
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{"key":"open-science-source-17/c170","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/1c014a4ed7fc49df","nativeRecordCid":"d1d7a16e-e721-4089-96f1-e4dac5dd3c38","documentId":"open-science-source-17","id":"c170","text":"The journals and conferences that survive the next decade will be those that rebuilt their verification commons first, not those that automated their review queues fastest.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"surviving journals and conferences","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The journals and conferences that survive the next decade will not be those that automated their review queues fastest, but those that rebuilt their verification commons first.","representedInStars":false}
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{"key":"open-science-source-17/c173","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/b6b6dafb24e84252","nativeRecordCid":"c9cf2f80-5a6c-455c-af93-2f561fb960e8","documentId":"open-science-source-17","id":"c173","text":"The AI/ML community, as both producer of the abundance and its first institutional casualty, will run the first experiments in verification-first redesign.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"AI/ML community","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The AI/ML community, as both producer of the abundance and its first institutional casualty, will run the first experiments.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-17/c174","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/bf16cbee181c42c8","nativeRecordCid":"73a6286f-79ba-4d0a-8b22-3e7be81177ed","documentId":"open-science-source-17","id":"c174","text":"The redesign of certifying infrastructure is an institutional problem before it is a technical one.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"redesign of certifying infrastructure","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"But the redesign is an institutional problem before it is a technical one,","representedInStars":false}
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{"key":"open-science-source-18/c3","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/e382ea537ea240b8","nativeRecordCid":"affaac15-c2d5-4665-b401-4568edc45e3b","documentId":"open-science-source-18","id":"c3","text":"Much work has been done to assess and improve peer review within individual domains, notably research funding, scholarly publishing, career advancement, and assessment of research units.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"work on peer review","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"much work has been done to assess and improve peer review in individual domains, notably within research funding, scholarly publishing, career advancement, and assessment of research units","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-18/c4","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/867565a4e1684718","nativeRecordCid":"af4014e1-a1c3-4027-b839-a3379351413a","documentId":"open-science-source-18","id":"c4","text":"Considering peer review in each domain in isolation has caused knowledge about peer review to remain fragmented.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"knowledge about peer review","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"by considering peer review in each domain in isolation, knowledge about peer review has remained fragmented, offering a weak basis for strengthening the organisation of peer review","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-18/c5","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/baada9fc7c664359","nativeRecordCid":"393206f8-21c7-49c2-9ffc-fd79e69bdd9e","documentId":"open-science-source-18","id":"c5","text":"Fragmented knowledge about peer review offers a weak basis for strengthening the organisation of peer review.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"fragmented knowledge of peer review","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"by considering peer review in each domain in isolation, knowledge about peer review has remained fragmented, offering a weak basis for strengthening the organisation of peer review","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-18/c6","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/c6a66d9abf3b4cea","nativeRecordCid":"bd5a96e8-9826-4cdc-8887-0b4bd26c20fe","documentId":"open-science-source-18","id":"c6","text":"There is a need for system-wide reform in peer review.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"","subject":"reform of peer review","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"we conclude there is a need for system-wide reform in peer review","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-18/c7","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/1ee614ae00454b1e","nativeRecordCid":"42763afb-9239-4ef3-af73-665bb3f540d3","documentId":"open-science-source-18","id":"c7","text":"Peer review does not serve a single purpose; it has several different purposes.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"purposes of peer review","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Peer review does not serve one single purpose. Instead, it has several different purposes, which may have varying degrees of importance in different contexts:","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-18/c8","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/63d553c5d54a42cb","nativeRecordCid":"1f08cdac-7de6-4d3a-9c1c-2df02bca0089","documentId":"open-science-source-18","id":"c8","text":"The different purposes of peer review may have varying degrees of importance in different contexts.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"purposes of peer review","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Peer review does not serve one single purpose. Instead, it has several different purposes, which may have varying degrees of importance in different contexts:","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-18/c9","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/31535c94a16c46a6","nativeRecordCid":"61e61ec2-1312-469d-b4f4-8905e8ab86bc","documentId":"open-science-source-18","id":"c9","text":"Peer review serves the purpose of certification of the quality of objects reviewed, such as research outputs, proposals, researchers, and institutions.","kind":"definitional","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"purposes of peer review","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"**Certification** of the quality of objects reviewed (e.g. research outputs, proposals, researchers, institutions)","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-18/c10","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/d0879eafe3e34a5a","nativeRecordCid":"f8fda1ca-d418-4bc7-a16e-331dba593f16","documentId":"open-science-source-18","id":"c10","text":"Peer review serves the purpose of formation of scientific knowledge and researcher identities and communities.","kind":"definitional","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"purposes of peer review","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"**Formation** of scientific knowledge and researcher identities\n\n- and communities","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-18/c11","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/618decfd39ae435a","nativeRecordCid":"09fe54a7-7c5d-4e22-bf2b-81db7cb5bdd1","documentId":"open-science-source-18","id":"c11","text":"Peer review serves the purpose of allocation of scarce resources.","kind":"definitional","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"purposes of peer review","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"**Allocation** of scarce resources","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-18/c12","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/3bfb4596d4ab4217","nativeRecordCid":"b436528c-6a6c-462c-99ad-9028bc8407ea","documentId":"open-science-source-18","id":"c12","text":"Peer review serves the purpose of legitimation of objects, programmes and systems.","kind":"definitional","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"purposes of peer review","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"**Legitimation** of objects, programmes and systems","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-18/c13","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/85e6b9d02f384c52","nativeRecordCid":"d75053ab-9838-4516-8f5c-749956f497c6","documentId":"open-science-source-18","id":"c13","text":"Debates about peer review sometimes fail to recognise its different purposes, making it challenging to reach agreement on how to strengthen the organisation of peer review.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"debates about peer review","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Debates about peer review sometimes fail to recognise its different purposes, making it challenging to reach agreement on how to strengthen the organisation of peer review.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-18/c14","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/ec56b72659b947c2","nativeRecordCid":"ed349f43-851b-43b2-873a-0a2d0bc287a3","documentId":"open-science-source-18","id":"c14","text":"Peer review processes should prioritise quality, ensuring peer review is carried out to a high standard and thereby contributing to the demonstration of the overall quality of the research system.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"peer review processes","subject":"quality in peer review","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Peer review processes should prioritise **quality** _,_ ensuring peer review is carried out to a high standard, thereby contributing to the demonstration of the overall quality of the research system.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-18/c15","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/4412d0be49214ec4","nativeRecordCid":"8f6d6cd6-78c2-4646-aa97-d91ad056ad4c","documentId":"open-science-source-18","id":"c15","text":"Peer review processes rely on having sufficient capacity in the system.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"capacity for peer review","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Peer review processes rely on having sufficient **capacity** in the system, which means that burden should be fairly distributed and, where possible, minimised.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-18/c16","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/586d1356ed7c4d8a","nativeRecordCid":"3fc010b4-08f7-4e1f-8b8f-27729a751645","documentId":"open-science-source-18","id":"c16","text":"Peer review burden should be fairly distributed.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"","subject":"peer review burden","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Peer review processes rely on having sufficient **capacity** in the system, which means that burden should be fairly distributed and, where possible, minimised.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-18/c17","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/ef6ff868b0534ef3","nativeRecordCid":"9e4c0fdf-8816-4df8-a21b-b25bd9e2d056","documentId":"open-science-source-18","id":"c17","text":"Peer review burden should be minimised where possible.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"","subject":"peer review burden","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Peer review processes rely on having sufficient **capacity** in the system, which means that burden should be fairly distributed and, where possible, minimised.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-18/c18","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/1229573cd29d4cd3","nativeRecordCid":"f74b256b-2fbd-4d09-8a14-fdbd71025c41","documentId":"open-science-source-18","id":"c18","text":"There should be incentives or recognition for undertaking peer review.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"","subject":"incentives for peer review","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"It also means there should be incentives or recognition for undertaking peer review.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-18/c19","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/bdf88034a1cf42d2","nativeRecordCid":"7a5af346-3cd1-420a-a5f2-9cb1a83cbfbb","documentId":"open-science-source-18","id":"c19","text":"There should be diversity of input into peer review processes, reflecting demographic, geographic and perspectival diversity, in order to achieve a more inclusive and equitable system.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"","subject":"diversity of input in peer review","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"There should be **diversity** of input into peer review processes, reflecting demographic, geographic and perspectival diversity in order to achieve a more inclusive and equitable system.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-18/c20","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/197983fffd0a48f1","nativeRecordCid":"bd3cb36c-14d0-436a-a4e6-d44145cd4ac2","documentId":"open-science-source-18","id":"c20","text":"Where possible, peer review processes should be transparent, involving greater openness, in order to improve accountability and learning and to widen participation.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"peer review processes","subject":"openness in peer review","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Where possible, peer review processes should be transparent, involving greater **openness** , in order to improve accountability and learning and to widen participation.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-18/c21","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/bad3847456c64cee","nativeRecordCid":"609686c7-3d54-41fc-9c6e-5b6cbf038355","documentId":"open-science-source-18","id":"c21","text":"Quality, capacity, diversity and openness in peer review are essential for engendering trust in peer review.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"","subject":"trust in peer review","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"All of this is essential for engendering **trust** in peer review, which in turn enables and sustains trust in science.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-18/c22","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/d277b6c28b1c4a8c","nativeRecordCid":"3d73aff8-d9eb-44e3-b7c6-4de4513d96b5","documentId":"open-science-source-18","id":"c22","text":"Trust in peer review enables and sustains trust in science.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"trust in peer review","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"All of this is essential for engendering **trust** in peer review, which in turn enables and sustains trust in science.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-18/c23","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/92811cd552144aca","nativeRecordCid":"a646dfd5-32cb-4fb1-9d78-ec5842430c92","documentId":"open-science-source-18","id":"c23","text":"Significant challenges on the five themes of peer review appear across several different peer review domains.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"challenges in peer review","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"On each of these five themes there are significant challenges, most of which appear across several different peer review domains.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-18/c24","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/a64b1633dc2a45d6","nativeRecordCid":"b51db9e4-8116-4e3d-ae8d-f0fb67184366","documentId":"open-science-source-18","id":"c24","text":"A preference for work similar to one's own is a challenge pertaining to the quality aspect of peer review.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"quality challenges in peer review","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"These include a preference for work similar to one’s own, conservatism, and a narrow understanding of research quality, all of which pertain to the **quality** aspect of peer review.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-18/c25","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/90325057c7874222","nativeRecordCid":"7bf6ab0b-c148-43db-a396-c98472e87412","documentId":"open-science-source-18","id":"c25","text":"Conservatism is a challenge pertaining to the quality aspect of peer review.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"quality challenges in peer review","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"These include a preference for work similar to one’s own, conservatism, and a narrow understanding of research quality, all of which pertain to the **quality** aspect of peer review.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-18/c26","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/771731a8951645f0","nativeRecordCid":"2b646177-ab46-4dce-900a-5818a18190f0","documentId":"open-science-source-18","id":"c26","text":"A narrow understanding of research quality is a challenge pertaining to the quality aspect of peer review.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"quality challenges in peer review","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"These include a preference for work similar to one’s own, conservatism, and a narrow understanding of research quality, all of which pertain to the **quality** aspect of peer review.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-18/c27","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/680b42b96802404f","nativeRecordCid":"82891a71-dd0b-4a51-9df9-7d06ad7b9b5d","documentId":"open-science-source-18","id":"c27","text":"The peer review burden, driven by ever-increasing demands for peer review across all domains, is a major problem for peer review capacity.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"peer review capacity","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"On the **capacity** aspect of peer review, a major problem is the peer review burden, driven by ever-increasing demands for peer review across all domains.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-18/c28","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/1977207a693a4e68","nativeRecordCid":"9676d30a-560c-43c1-9e48-afa95a69e151","documentId":"open-science-source-18","id":"c28","text":"AI tools enable researchers to substantially speed up the writing of funding proposals and research outputs.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"AI tools","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Most acutely, these issues are being further exacerbated by the rise of AI, as AI tools enable researchers to substantially speed up the writing of funding proposals and research outputs, leading to a further increase in the demand for peer review.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-18/c29","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/84fe9b98b0424c12","nativeRecordCid":"db9f557e-6743-42e0-9978-1ff44c79f3bd","documentId":"open-science-source-18","id":"c29","text":"The rise of AI further exacerbates peer review capacity issues by increasing the demand for peer review.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"AI and peer review demand","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Most acutely, these issues are being further exacerbated by the rise of AI, as AI tools enable researchers to substantially speed up the writing of funding proposals and research outputs, leading to a further increase in the demand for peer review.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-18/c30","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/2c96c10f87d94880","nativeRecordCid":"849d45ac-e1d5-4a89-b642-619ab240fa90","documentId":"open-science-source-18","id":"c30","text":"Challenges around inclusion exist regarding the diversity aspect of peer review.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"diversity challenges in peer review","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Regarding the themes of **diversity and openness,** challenges exist around inclusion and the ‘black-box’ nature of much of peer review.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-18/c31","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/7a59f42a21d947c0","nativeRecordCid":"1e6c0956-f3fc-4ed2-9375-ae051a810a64","documentId":"open-science-source-18","id":"c31","text":"Challenges around the 'black-box' nature of much of peer review exist regarding the openness aspect of peer review.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"openness challenges in peer review","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Regarding the themes of **diversity and openness,** challenges exist around inclusion and the ‘black-box’ nature of much of peer review.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-18/c32","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/9ee12206e4ea4e43","nativeRecordCid":"8cd0c058-2b22-453c-8efd-ff30a34e0ade","documentId":"open-science-source-18","id":"c32","text":"Concerns around diversity in peer review focus on aspects such as geography, institutional prestige and gender.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"diversity concerns in peer review","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Concerns around diversity focus on aspects such as geography, institutional prestige and gender.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-18/c33","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/324f6cd116a64b35","nativeRecordCid":"bda75cf0-aa1d-45dc-8f4b-96f3f297860f","documentId":"open-science-source-18","id":"c33","text":"The challenges facing peer review may undermine trust in peer review.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"trust in peer review","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Combined, all these challenges are not just significant in their own right but may also undermine **trust** in peer review and, as a result, trust in science more generally.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-18/c34","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/915835570fde4d05","nativeRecordCid":"8ce872d0-453d-480d-8d99-59d20ee04c56","documentId":"open-science-source-18","id":"c34","text":"The challenges facing peer review may, as a result, undermine trust in science more generally.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"trust in science","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Combined, all these challenges are not just significant in their own right but may also undermine **trust** in peer review and, as a result, trust in science more generally.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-18/c35","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/58ce9d24396641d0","nativeRecordCid":"bbad2276-15c5-42d2-9bd3-91bd9563aaea","documentId":"open-science-source-18","id":"c35","text":"Problems around misconduct and fraud, amplified by AI developments, may weaken trust in peer review even further.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"misconduct, fraud and trust","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Problems around misconduct and fraud, amplified by AI developments, may weaken trust even further.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-18/c36","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/dd3eac80517943d6","nativeRecordCid":"e60fbde1-9702-4874-8c81-35f66a1f3549","documentId":"open-science-source-18","id":"c36","text":"There are currently many initiatives to improve peer review, each typically focusing on the use of peer review at a specific point in the research system.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"initiatives to improve peer review","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"There are currently many initiatives to improve peer review, with each  initiative typically focusing on the use of peer review at a specific point in the research system, leading to many promising process-level innovations.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-18/c37","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/a62c5dc207df415e","nativeRecordCid":"d5333580-8672-4efc-bea6-f413cf518acc","documentId":"open-science-source-18","id":"c37","text":"Current initiatives to improve peer review have led to many promising process-level innovations.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"peer review initiatives","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"There are currently many initiatives to improve peer review, with each  initiative typically focusing on the use of peer review at a specific point in the research system, leading to many promising process-level innovations.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-18/c38","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/b57c9304449a40f6","nativeRecordCid":"deddd133-30b5-476a-9e69-d26c711a2315","documentId":"open-science-source-18","id":"c38","text":"The key problems peer review is facing are systemic in nature.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"problems facing peer review","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"we also argue that the key problems peer review is facing are systemic in nature","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-18/c39","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/cc3debe1b72f47fd","nativeRecordCid":"709275cc-022d-45c9-a2fe-150c8012602d","documentId":"open-science-source-18","id":"c39","text":"21st-century science depends to a significant degree on large-scale inter- and transdisciplinary collaborations, whereas the organisation of peer review still reflects the more traditional model of 20th-century science of largely smaller-scale monodisciplinary endeavours.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"peer review organisation vs 21st-century science","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"21st-century science depends to a significant degree on largescale inter- and transdisciplinary collaborations, but the organisation of peer review still reflects the more traditional model of 20th-century science of largely smaller-scale monodisciplinary endeavours","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-18/c40","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/e11544b31ae144aa","nativeRecordCid":"4cc62da5-8370-4bed-b129-e799dd956fdb","documentId":"open-science-source-18","id":"c40","text":"Capacity challenges in peer review are inevitable in a hypercompetitive environment in which many researchers are under strong pressure to win grants and publish in prestigious journals.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"capacity challenges in peer review","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Capacity challenges in peer review are inevitable in a hypercompetitive environment in which many researchers are under strong pressure to win grants and publish in prestigious journals","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-18/c41","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/c83dea1ef5ea40eb","nativeRecordCid":"c888ea80-abbd-44af-b79e-72a132cf12c6","documentId":"open-science-source-18","id":"c41","text":"The rise of AI substantially exacerbates capacity challenges in peer review, further increasing system overload.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"AI and system overload","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The rise of AI substantially exacerbates capacity challenges, further increasing system overload","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-18/c42","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/0de91fd6a5024500","nativeRecordCid":"96806fd9-42d7-4da9-97f1-e7db15bfd9e3","documentId":"open-science-source-18","id":"c42","text":"Unequal outcomes in peer review cannot be addressed by focusing only on bias within review processes.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"unequal outcomes in peer review","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Unequal outcomes in peer review cannot be addressed by focusing only on bias within review processes; they also reflect unequal representation and cumulative advantage in the research system at large","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-18/c43","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/22269935821947d1","nativeRecordCid":"5e24b00e-956f-4375-b80b-74b52e0e6996","documentId":"open-science-source-18","id":"c43","text":"Unequal outcomes in peer review also reflect unequal representation and cumulative advantage in the research system at large.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"unequal outcomes in peer review","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Unequal outcomes in peer review cannot be addressed by focusing only on bias within review processes; they also reflect unequal representation and cumulative advantage in the research system at large","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-18/c44","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/01bf6db255424377","nativeRecordCid":"3ba29271-dfa1-47c0-86b4-0c9d02239d9f","documentId":"open-science-source-18","id":"c44","text":"No individual process-level innovation in peer review is a 'magic bullet'.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"process-level innovations","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"No individual process-level innovation is a ‘magic bullet’, and in fact such innovations may counteract each other as they aim to solve different problems","representedInStars":false}
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{"key":"open-science-source-18/c71","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/f4d4b0fe55174d41","nativeRecordCid":"0e09fee7-a5ca-4de2-bc25-8506ed800a26","documentId":"open-science-source-18","id":"c71","text":"Peer review typically takes place at a fixed point in time.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"timing of peer review","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Peer review typically takes place at a fixed point in time, is usually organised in a non-transparent closed way, enables participation only by a few invited researchers, and offers only limited room for interaction between the authors of a research output and the reviewers.","representedInStars":false}
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{"key":"open-science-source-18/c77","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/5ac7929c97944777","nativeRecordCid":"186bacbc-8376-42a0-af2a-a63547407eac","documentId":"open-science-source-18","id":"c77","text":"Peer engagement enables a wide range of researchers to participate.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"participation in peer engagement","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"In contrast, peer engagement can take place at any point in time, typically happens in a transparent open way, enables a wide range of researchers to participate, and offers much more room for interaction and dialogue.","representedInStars":false}
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{"key":"open-science-source-18/c79","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/382bfb906e4347c1","nativeRecordCid":"739f9fc3-aa45-4fc3-bd43-0319eebd2c45","documentId":"open-science-source-18","id":"c79","text":"Quality assurance should be organised as a natural element of the research process, rather than as a bureaucratic layer on top of the research process.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"","subject":"organisation of quality assurance","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Peer engagement is based on the idea that quality assurance is best organised as a natural element of the research process, rather than as a bureaucratic layer on top of the research process.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-18/c80","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/9a7f257dc5674507","nativeRecordCid":"7a91b75b-a7bd-4385-afb7-06034b99721f","documentId":"open-science-source-18","id":"c80","text":"Research funders should make dedicated funding available to produce high-quality evidence syntheses for issues that are of major importance to societal stakeholders.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"research funders","subject":"funding for evidence syntheses","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"We propose that research funders make dedicated funding available to produce high-quality evidence syntheses for issues that are of major importance to societal stakeholders.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-18/c81","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/3a35fdcff3d94bc8","nativeRecordCid":"6f7f3440-d322-47a3-9f50-daabea07f4f5","documentId":"open-science-source-18","id":"c81","text":"Evidence syntheses enable the scientific community, in consultation with societal stakeholders, to carefully assess and weigh up all available scientific knowledge on a particular issue.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"evidence syntheses","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"These evidence syntheses enable the scientific community, in consultation with societal stakeholders, to carefully assess and weigh up all available scientific knowledge on a particular issue.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-18/c82","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/08879fdec7c846e9","nativeRecordCid":"41db65be-b248-42c6-8101-b7ee13169e10","documentId":"open-science-source-18","id":"c82","text":"The mechanisms of trust markers, peer engagement and evidence synthesis offer the flexibility to have different levels of quality assurance for different research outputs, partly depending on their levels of risk and relevance to research communities and societal stakeholders.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"flexibility of quality assurance mechanisms","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"These mechanisms offer the flexibility to have different levels of quality assurance for different research outputs, partly depending on their levels of risk and relevance to research communities and to societal stakeholders, such as policymakers, medical professionals, and citizens.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-18/c83","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/fd8f5106024049fe","nativeRecordCid":"1e6bdb6d-afdd-45da-b489-0ef7b1f24161","documentId":"open-science-source-18","id":"c83","text":"Different funders and countries would need to follow the proposed line of development at different speeds and in different ways, depending on governance, legal mandates and funding structures.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"adoption of proposed transformation","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Different funders and countries would of course need to follow this line of development at different speeds and in different ways depending on governance, legal mandates and funding structures.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-18/c84","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/a97188c8abcd4a8b","nativeRecordCid":"4fc8aeb3-e2fd-4234-826a-9ea384b10be9","documentId":"open-science-source-18","id":"c84","text":"Research funders should strengthen their role as broader system actors and system shapers.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"research funders","subject":"role of research funders","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"**Research funders** should strengthen their role as broader system actors and system shapers.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-18/c85","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/d0c0492cc10b4c49","nativeRecordCid":"11c9a844-c64d-4690-b3cc-f37672db7937","documentId":"open-science-source-18","id":"c85","text":"Research funders need to move towards strategic funding mechanisms that allocate funding primarily to research institutions rather than individual researchers, in order to lessen the peer review burden and foster a healthy research landscape with a balanced funding portfolio.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"research funders","subject":"strategic funding mechanisms","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"They need to move towards strategic funding mechanisms that allocate funding primarily to research institutions rather than individual researchers, lessening the peer review burden and actively fostering a healthy research landscape with a balanced funding portfolio.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-18/c86","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/fe6b7ac6eee547b9","nativeRecordCid":"37b572ed-70ec-41b8-92a1-5c66162b778c","documentId":"open-science-source-18","id":"c86","text":"Research funders should invest in their capacity as strategic intelligence gatherers, for example based on in-depth dialogues with research institutions, augmented capacity for data-driven appraisal of the research landscape, and through convening high-level expert panels.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"research funders","subject":"strategic intelligence capacity","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"To support their role as system shapers, **research funders** should invest in their capacity as strategic intelligence gatherers, for example based on indepth dialogues with research institutions, augmented capacity for data-driven appraisal of the research landscape, and through convening high-level expert panels.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-18/c87","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/41b831e3627b4dba","nativeRecordCid":"1f38a9c2-2530-47ed-9a67-237fe5c99cac","documentId":"open-science-source-18","id":"c87","text":"Research institutions should enhance their strategic profiles.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"research institutions","subject":"institutional strategic profiles","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"**Research institutions** should enhance their strategic profiles,","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-18/c88","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/12de2f718fa24c34","nativeRecordCid":"ce927736-850a-4e58-8fba-f9d7adda6710","documentId":"open-science-source-18","id":"c88","text":"Funders value diverse institutional profiles and missions.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"funders and institutional profiles","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"under the understanding that funders value diverse institutional profiles and missions.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-18/c89","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/70e99467dc624ff8","nativeRecordCid":"290c078c-50e2-4462-a7e7-c4606d2a1b3c","documentId":"open-science-source-18","id":"c89","text":"Research institutions need to develop convincing ways to demonstrate their strengths, which may include strengths in specific disciplines, regional particularities, or a specific ability to drive research towards societal, economic or ecological benefits.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"research institutions","subject":"demonstrating institutional strengths","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"They need to develop convincing ways to demonstrate their strengths, which may include strengths in specific disciplines, but also regional particularities or a specific ability to drive research towards societal, economic or ecological benefits.","representedInStars":false}
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{"key":"open-science-source-18/c93","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/c56fe5f883784941","nativeRecordCid":"bb14cedc-dcaf-480a-a8d5-706183570084","documentId":"open-science-source-18","id":"c93","text":"Research funders, research institutions and publication infrastructure providers should promote a transition from peer-review-based publication channels to publication infrastructures based on trust markers and peer engagement.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"research funders, research institutions and publication infrastructure providers","subject":"transition to trust-marker publication infrastructures","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"**Research funders** _,_ **research institutions** and **publication infrastructure providers** should promote a transition from peerreview-based publication channels to publication infrastructures based on trust markers and peer engagement.","representedInStars":false}
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{"key":"open-science-source-18/c96","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/02eaf7c0c4e94d4e","nativeRecordCid":"1da980c5-bf18-4ea4-ae90-86cf39bf43ae","documentId":"open-science-source-18","id":"c96","text":"Peer review is a process by which experts in a field or discipline assess research proposals, research outputs, researchers, or research units, typically within the same field or discipline.","kind":"definitional","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"definition of peer review","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Peer review is a process by which experts in a field or discipline assess research proposals, research outputs, researchers, or research units, typically within the same field or discipline.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-18/c97","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/2787b50bfe5c48f6","nativeRecordCid":"7e28ff66-2d6e-4a3c-9027-772e79ca57a4","documentId":"open-science-source-18","id":"c97","text":"Peer review plays a significant role in shaping research projects.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"peer review's role","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"As an important instrument for quality assurance, it plays a significant role in shaping research projects, research outputs, and research communities.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-18/c98","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/418faaf104fb46a0","nativeRecordCid":"3335927c-fd2d-40ef-b954-8b43bcd55660","documentId":"open-science-source-18","id":"c98","text":"Peer review plays a significant role in shaping research outputs.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"peer review's role","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"As an important instrument for quality assurance, it plays a significant role in shaping research projects, research outputs, and research communities.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-18/c99","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/e04d28a1412b4b59","nativeRecordCid":"6956f822-dfc8-4775-9f9f-a90bf2bfae21","documentId":"open-science-source-18","id":"c99","text":"Peer review plays a significant role in shaping research communities.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"peer review's role","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"As an important instrument for quality assurance, it plays a significant role in shaping research projects, research outputs, and research communities.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-18/c100","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/2c21d227718a4198","nativeRecordCid":"4c04aa04-36c9-4f7a-b968-4c3625ce8679","documentId":"open-science-source-18","id":"c100","text":"Peer review supports the allocation of resources in the research system.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"peer review and resource allocation","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"It also supports the allocation of resources in the research system.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-18/c101","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/0006c24c136c4b9e","nativeRecordCid":"b31508ab-9362-48ee-a9ff-5a3bb0411e8c","documentId":"open-science-source-18","id":"c101","text":"Peer review legitimates the trusted status of individual research outputs.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"peer review and legitimacy","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Peer review legitimates the trusted status of individual research outputs as well as the research system as a whole.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-18/c102","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/54e6a3a217da471f","nativeRecordCid":"f85bc3e9-5bf4-48bd-b3eb-cdba85e58e7a","documentId":"open-science-source-18","id":"c102","text":"Peer review legitimates the trusted status of the research system as a whole.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"peer review and legitimacy","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Peer review legitimates the trusted status of individual research outputs as well as the research system as a whole.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-18/c103","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/4233ef691cf24992","nativeRecordCid":"b8e6c3a4-7542-450b-9c16-6d7754cc2e82","documentId":"open-science-source-18","id":"c103","text":"Peer review has come under more and more pressure in recent decades, with numbers of submissions of grant applications and research outputs increasing inexorably.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"pressure on peer review","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"In recent decades, peer review has come under more and more pressure, with numbers of submissions of grant applications and research outputs increasing inexorably","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-18/c104","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/4bacd87a0b544f0b","nativeRecordCid":"fbc23b74-4a87-48f9-ba34-71d2892e391d","documentId":"open-science-source-18","id":"c104","text":"Peer review is now commonly seen as overstretched and reaching breaking point.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"perception of peer review","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"it is now commonly seen as overstretched and reaching breaking point","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-18/c105","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/2e51819766184442","nativeRecordCid":"1600fc11-6340-4942-9daa-a2319378bda6","documentId":"open-science-source-18","id":"c105","text":"Uncertainties around the future of peer review have begun to build up, associated with the rise of artificial intelligence.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"uncertainties about peer review's future","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Most recently, a mass of uncertainties around the future of peer review have begun to build up associated with the rise of artificial intelligence (AI)","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-18/c106","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/a0828c56f48347f6","nativeRecordCid":"4cce78f0-677e-4f8c-acf9-d7a08211307b","documentId":"open-science-source-18","id":"c106","text":"AI has the potential to support, circumvent, or undermine peer review.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"AI and peer review","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"AI has the potential to support, circumvent or undermine peer review – or, all three – and the range of current opportunities and threats created by AI are almost bewildering.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-18/c107","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/b86f7973d8244e9c","nativeRecordCid":"b2df67d0-0286-4132-b812-91c6ced13010","documentId":"open-science-source-18","id":"c107","text":"The range of current opportunities and threats created by AI for peer review is almost bewildering.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"AI opportunities and threats","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"AI has the potential to support, circumvent or undermine peer review – or, all three – and the range of current opportunities and threats created by AI are almost bewildering.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-18/c108","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/e45e639240b8424a","nativeRecordCid":"e7185cc9-4684-471d-9495-5efd9cf5cc69","documentId":"open-science-source-18","id":"c108","text":"The challenges facing peer review raise fundamental questions about its effectiveness and viability in its current forms.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"effectiveness and viability of peer review","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"All these challenges raise fundamental questions about the effectiveness and viability of peer review in its current forms.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-18/c109","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/6e6615af640e4ff4","nativeRecordCid":"563cc3ee-596b-47af-b34a-195a87095ef0","documentId":"open-science-source-18","id":"c109","text":"Peer review is now increasingly seen as being in crisis.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"perception of peer review","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Peer review is now increasingly seen as being in “crisis” (Adam, 2025).","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-18/c110","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/781acdefa81e4bc7","nativeRecordCid":"092e3bd1-5b71-4047-918e-d44da1a915bd","documentId":"open-science-source-18","id":"c110","text":"There is a great deal of heterogeneity and dynamism in the science/research system.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"the science/research system","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"There is a great deal of heterogeneity and dynamism in these systems.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-18/c111","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/4ec054bd0dad4f18","nativeRecordCid":"46afd5b0-cd97-4673-b11a-5987a26a7a18","documentId":"open-science-source-18","id":"c111","text":"Processes such as scholarly publishing, scientific collaboration and researcher mobility are global in their reach.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"scholarly publishing, collaboration, researcher mobility","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Processes such as scholarly publishing, scientific collaboration and researcher mobility are global in their reach and also increasingly extend beyond disciplinary boundaries.","representedInStars":false}
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{"key":"open-science-source-18/c113","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/302bf5b9daf748cf","nativeRecordCid":"b2117ab8-df8e-4162-9194-d9bd3b0dd755","documentId":"open-science-source-18","id":"c113","text":"As used in this report, 'science' refers to all systematic knowledge or research.","kind":"definitional","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"term 'science'","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"We follow this generic, inclusive usage of ‘science’ , as _Wissenschaft_ , to refer to all systematic knowledge or research.","representedInStars":false}
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{"key":"open-science-source-18/c151","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/4323b9d5b1974bb4","nativeRecordCid":"76a6a87d-7086-4ee2-bac5-4dab55417ccd","documentId":"open-science-source-18","id":"c151","text":"Informal peer review is often carried out in a fifth 'shadow' domain, in addition to peer review in the four primary domains.","kind":"definitional","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"informal review domain","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"In addition to peer review in the four primary domains, peer review _informal_ is often carried out in a fifth ‘shadow’ domain which we call ‘ _review_ ’.","representedInStars":false}
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{"key":"open-science-source-18/c153","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/9d1ec5f57b9540d4","nativeRecordCid":"e3727b68-de13-49e3-b67a-7bc9e76e76bd","documentId":"open-science-source-18","id":"c153","text":"Informal review varies but often takes place in relation to the primary peer review domains.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"informal review","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Informal review varies but often takes place in relation to the primary domains, for example, internal peer review of grant proposals in universities conducted prior to submission to the funder, or internal processes of review to take stock of the quality of outputs to prepare for a unit assessment process.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-18/c154","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/f3a7585a32354570","nativeRecordCid":"7925386e-cb30-489a-9eef-315584f0aa80","documentId":"open-science-source-18","id":"c154","text":"Informal peer review is often shaped by formal peer review.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"informal peer review","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Often, informal peer review is shaped by formal peer review.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-18/c155","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/25872f859ffd493f","nativeRecordCid":"7d5a924d-1d06-4a64-889e-a8be224b310d","documentId":"open-science-source-18","id":"c155","text":"The importance of informal review and its place in the overall shape of peer review must be recognised.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"","subject":"informal review","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"It is essential to recognise the importance of informal review and its place in the overall shape of peer review:","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-18/c156","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/f0440af3ff164522","nativeRecordCid":"68c14ddc-08f5-4b99-a82a-2a322b0eeb05","documentId":"open-science-source-18","id":"c156","text":"Changes to peer review in the formal domains are likely to have knock-on effects in the way informal review is conducted.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"changes to peer review in formal domains","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"changes to peer review in the formal domains are likely to have knock-on effects in the way informal review is conducted, but these effects are often hidden, at least to many not involved in them.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-18/c157","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/377bf36c62b74862","nativeRecordCid":"91d554bf-e121-4924-b95b-fc2d29bf2a75","documentId":"open-science-source-18","id":"c157","text":"Knock-on effects of changes to formal peer review on informal review are often hidden to many not involved in them.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"knock-on effects on informal review","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"changes to peer review in the formal domains are likely to have knock-on effects in the way informal review is conducted, but these effects are often hidden, at least to many not involved in them.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-18/c158","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/01c1eb39584a4c25","nativeRecordCid":"062e99bc-25bb-48fc-a9ed-f66b12c8af85","documentId":"open-science-source-18","id":"c158","text":"A policy to reduce the number of proposals that can be submitted to a research funder is likely to lead to the creation of new selection processes at the institutional level.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"funder demand-management policies","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"In the case just mentioned, a policy to reduce the number of proposals that can be submitted to a research funder will probably lead to the creation of new selection processes at the institutional level.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-18/c159","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/84236c4c85dd4f11","nativeRecordCid":"f239f4b6-e06c-4865-be01-f4bc12d12b05","documentId":"open-science-source-18","id":"c159","text":"The creation of new institutional selection processes in response to funder demand-management policies shifts burden from funders to institutions.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"institutional selection processes","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"This has the effect of _shifting_ burden from funders to institutions, and may not reduce overall burden in the system.","representedInStars":false}
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{"key":"open-science-source-18/c161","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/a20f33755e934f7e","nativeRecordCid":"9b327406-1117-465b-a735-1bfabd86d5b3","documentId":"open-science-source-18","id":"c161","text":"Shifting burden from funders to institutions might even lead to an increase in overall burden in the peer review system.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"shifting of burden","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"It might even lead to an increase in overall burden.","representedInStars":false}
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{"key":"open-science-source-18/c163","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/fcca68f240334049","nativeRecordCid":"86aac6d8-8aef-447c-9e06-63ab5bbd6837","documentId":"open-science-source-18","id":"c163","text":"Peer review involves the purpose of certification of the quality of objects reviewed.","kind":"definitional","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"purposes of peer review","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Within this overarching purpose, it involves four main **purposes** : _certification_ of the quality of objects reviewed, _formation_ of scientific knowledge and researcher identities and communities, _allocation_ of scarce resources, and _legitimation_ of objects, programmes and systems.","representedInStars":false}
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{"key":"open-science-source-18/c172","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/7b394603e7564165","nativeRecordCid":"b72915e1-b861-4058-864c-6ff7d69a4135","documentId":"open-science-source-18","id":"c172","text":"The formation function of peer review helps to shape the disciplinary identities of researchers and thus of disciplinary communities.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"formation function of peer review","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"It involves dialogue and debate, and helps to shape not only the objects under review, but the disciplinary identities of researchers and thus of disciplinary communities, through engagement.","representedInStars":false}
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{"key":"open-science-source-18/c174","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/4ef5ca5061164354","nativeRecordCid":"34c37dc7-0b07-473c-9d45-1c4e2f895322","documentId":"open-science-source-18","id":"c174","text":"The idea of allocation is less clear in the publishing domain.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"allocation in publishing domain","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The idea of allocation is less clear in the publishing domain, but in the case of publication channels with limited space","representedInStars":false}
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{"key":"open-science-source-18/c176","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/6a3cd64f906941c0","nativeRecordCid":"f802b514-a90b-4130-9a03-997aedc98010","documentId":"open-science-source-18","id":"c176","text":"Peer review provides legitimation, the process of determining, justifying and endorsing what is valid.","kind":"definitional","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"legitimation","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Finally, peer review provides _legitimation_ : the process of determining, justifying and endorsing what is valid.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-18/c177","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/1c29d81751444fd0","nativeRecordCid":"4fd952d3-47ab-45c2-a8c2-e30446c21052","documentId":"open-science-source-18","id":"c177","text":"Legitimation occurs at the level of the object under review.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"legitimation","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Legitimation occurs at different levels – that of the object under review (e.g., a specific research output), the programme of activity (e.g., a funding call) and the research system as a whole (e.g., distinguishing science from non-science).","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-18/c178","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/22c9f690757b415f","nativeRecordCid":"f4e9b5af-d1f1-4b26-a314-5428963bce0f","documentId":"open-science-source-18","id":"c178","text":"Legitimation occurs at the level of the programme of activity.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"legitimation","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Legitimation occurs at different levels – that of the object under review (e.g., a specific research output), the programme of activity (e.g., a funding call) and the research system as a whole (e.g., distinguishing science from non-science).","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-18/c179","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/788391799cb64188","nativeRecordCid":"8d3bdd45-8742-4898-b130-7460afbcd0db","documentId":"open-science-source-18","id":"c179","text":"Legitimation occurs at the level of the research system as a whole.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"legitimation","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Legitimation occurs at different levels – that of the object under review (e.g., a specific research output), the programme of activity (e.g., a funding call) and the research system as a whole (e.g., distinguishing science from non-science).","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-18/c180","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/2fa12763d71c4d3c","nativeRecordCid":"72d6926d-52cf-48a2-b31a-249e06d249c8","documentId":"open-science-source-18","id":"c180","text":"Legitimation is a purpose that depends on the other purposes of peer review.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"legitimation","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"We see legitimation as a purpose that depends on the other purposes.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-18/c181","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/db7697179a164e3d","nativeRecordCid":"a836833b-3fbc-4e34-8dad-ad03fd044218","documentId":"open-science-source-18","id":"c181","text":"The legitimation purpose of peer review reflects the role peer review often fulfils in helping to establish the demarcation between science and non-science.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"legitimation purpose of peer review","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The legitimation purpose of peer review reflects the role peer review often fulfills to help establish the demarcation between science and non-science.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-18/c182","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/fd2cff51ce2b483b","nativeRecordCid":"6c283429-1857-4c54-92d4-df423011e847","documentId":"open-science-source-18","id":"c182","text":"The fact that work has been peer reviewed is commonly used as a justification of its special status as legitimate scientific knowledge.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"peer review status of work","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The fact that work has been peer reviewed is commonly used as a justification of its special status as legitimate scientific knowledge","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-18/c183","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/aae39e5e87904568","nativeRecordCid":"48cfd52c-cd25-44cd-a3ef-14dce306051c","documentId":"open-science-source-18","id":"c183","text":"Peer review is a form of boundary work.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"peer review","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"form of “boundary work” (Gieryn, 1983; Howard, 2012).","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-18/c184","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/53996cfd6d63437b","nativeRecordCid":"32835166-fa6f-4a44-a23b-1e62247e9076","documentId":"open-science-source-18","id":"c184","text":"The fact that work has been peer reviewed is commonly used as a justification for the self-governance of the science community.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"self-governance of the science community","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"and consequently as a justification for the self-governance of the","representedInStars":false}
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{"key":"open-science-source-18/c186","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/8ffe6ef48eb7499b","nativeRecordCid":"db813de6-2c66-4b47-a785-c1d546d81567","documentId":"open-science-source-18","id":"c186","text":"Peer review domains are partly distinguished by the actors who organise the peer review and their specific aims.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"peer review domains and actors","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The domains of peer review are partly distinguished by the **actors** who organise the peer review and the specific aims they have.","representedInStars":false}
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{"key":"open-science-source-18/c366","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/eea553bb48c74220","nativeRecordCid":"836eb8bf-c594-43e3-ac23-877c43f21a1f","documentId":"open-science-source-18","id":"c366","text":"Informal peer review processes add to the peer review burden, especially when provisional peer review is carried out in advance of formal review processes.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"informal peer review processes","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Moreover, informal peer review processes also add to the burden, especially when provisional peer review processes are carried out in advance of formal review processes, for example when an institution organises internal peer review of research outputs before submitting these outputs for peer review as part of a formal institutional evaluation.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-18/c367","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/dd91bf0cf3d94835","nativeRecordCid":"4e86c0aa-50b8-461a-ab6d-eb78957e37ab","documentId":"open-science-source-18","id":"c367","text":"Diversity in peer review has many dimensions.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"diversity in peer review","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Diversity in peer review has many dimensions.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-18/c368","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/8f01bc54b9e1425e","nativeRecordCid":"fb7e7719-039b-48c9-944b-2e9b74b26056","documentId":"open-science-source-18","id":"c368","text":"Geography is an important dimension of diversity in peer review.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"geographical diversity dimension","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"An important dimension is the geographical one.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-18/c369","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/c89d3ac4d50c4a21","nativeRecordCid":"83d09bc2-a2b4-47dc-8991-998070f33e33","documentId":"open-science-source-18","id":"c369","text":"Geographical diversity in peer review can be limited in various ways.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"geographical diversity in peer review","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Geographical diversity can be limited in various ways.","representedInStars":false}
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{"key":"open-science-source-18/c376","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/0c6591af018245a3","nativeRecordCid":"31fccebd-2b95-45f0-bb56-1c9ca73e6ec9","documentId":"open-science-source-18","id":"c376","text":"Systemic gender inequalities in academia should be distinguished from the narrower question of whether proposals for funding or articles submitted to journals are evaluated differently based on the gender of the applicant or author.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"","subject":"gender inequalities vs peer review bias","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"It is important to distinguish systemic gender inequalities in academia, such as the underrepresentation of women in senior academic and editorial roles, from the narrower question of whether proposals for funding or articles submitted to journals are evaluated differently based on the gender of the applicant or author.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-18/c377","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/c0aeffcab0034723","nativeRecordCid":"59840706-197e-4225-bc61-09679d22c084","documentId":"open-science-source-18","id":"c377","text":"Broader systemic gender inequalities require a different policy response than specific instances of bias in peer review processes.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"","subject":"policy response to gender inequalities vs bias","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"This distinction matters because broader systemic inequalities require a different policy response than specific instances of bias in peer review processes.","representedInStars":false}
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{"key":"open-science-source-18/c441","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/75d29e05a527403a","nativeRecordCid":"1fbeab97-d38d-475d-8a07-ca1da4740800","documentId":"open-science-source-18","id":"c441","text":"Allocating funding for scientific research in health and medicine is somewhat random.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"funding allocation for health research","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Graves et al. (2011) conclude that allocating funding for scientific research in health and medicine is costly and somewhat random.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-18/c442","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/60ca15e9e0994218","nativeRecordCid":"ad177e47-1445-4abc-8d0e-fdd93038306d","documentId":"open-science-source-18","id":"c442","text":"Evidence suggests that peer review consistently agrees on roughly the top 10% in a given pool of applications, despite variability between reviewers' scoring patterns.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"peer review agreement on top applications","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"evidence suggests that peer review consistently agrees on roughly the top 10% in a given pool of applications, despite variability between reviewers scoring patterns, and also consistently rejects a considerable ‘tail’ of poor-quality applications.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-18/c443","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/c648464ba2cf49ea","nativeRecordCid":"ba1e8081-f7d7-479b-8a4e-99d52ef965e8","documentId":"open-science-source-18","id":"c443","text":"Peer review consistently rejects a considerable tail of poor-quality applications.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"peer review rejection of poor applications","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"evidence suggests that peer review consistently agrees on roughly the top 10% in a given pool of applications, despite variability between reviewers scoring patterns, and also consistently rejects a considerable ‘tail’ of poor-quality applications.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-18/c444","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/25b15185d3b344bc","nativeRecordCid":"026acdf8-b33d-45d7-96f3-7d70004867b4","documentId":"open-science-source-18","id":"c444","text":"For applications ranking between the top and bottom pools, which account for about one third of all applications, peer review decisions appear to be arbitrary and dependent on the scoring habits, patterns, combinations, and weightings of the particular reviewers involved.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"peer review decisions for mid-ranked applications","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"However, for applications ranking between these two pools – which account for about one third of all applications – decisions appear to be arbitrary and dependent on scoring habits, patterns, combinations and weightings of the particular reviewers involved.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-18/c445","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/3532857844c24a34","nativeRecordCid":"7022616d-8f13-404f-905f-6915fe653b59","documentId":"open-science-source-18","id":"c445","text":"Issues of arbitrariness in peer review have been identified in the publishing domain as well as the funding domain.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"arbitrariness in publishing peer review","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Similar issues have been identified in the publishing domain.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-18/c446","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/24e47c8a4e114288","nativeRecordCid":"47ac6ac3-8f6a-4dc2-a696-7debc8e91222","documentId":"open-science-source-18","id":"c446","text":"Arbitrariness in peer review outcomes may result from several of the issues discussed in this chapter.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"arbitrariness in peer review outcomes","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Arbitrariness in peer review outcomes may result from several of the issues discussed in this chapter.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-18/c447","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/5b5833d08ac54be0","nativeRecordCid":"a5d2d51d-49bc-447c-9290-26406f74adef","documentId":"open-science-source-18","id":"c447","text":"Researchers may not have sufficient time to perform careful in-depth peer review, leading to less rigorous peer review practices and arbitrariness in outcomes.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"reviewer time constraints","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"For example, researchers may not have sufficient time to perform careful in-depth peer review, leading to less rigorous peer review practices and arbitrariness in the outcomes of peer review.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-18/c448","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/c91fc25736064cc6","nativeRecordCid":"1115309a-90ba-4314-a5d3-c799a1372f52","documentId":"open-science-source-18","id":"c448","text":"Lack of capacity in peer review may result in project proposals being reviewed only by reviewers who have little expertise on the topic.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"lack of capacity in peer review","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Or, as a result of lack of capacity in peer review, the only reviewers available to review a project proposal may be reviewers who have little expertise on the topic of the proposal.","representedInStars":false}
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{"key":"open-science-source-18/c452","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/e5513177e7e4443e","nativeRecordCid":"c3f665d5-9841-4a20-a554-3f471ceba477","documentId":"open-science-source-18","id":"c452","text":"What is perceived as arbitrary in peer review may sometimes be a reflection of legitimate differences in perspective between reviewers, for example resulting from their different disciplinary backgrounds.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"perceived arbitrariness in peer review","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"However, what is perceived as arbitrary may sometimes also be a reflection of legitimate differences in perspective between reviewers, for example, resulting from the different disciplinary backgrounds of reviewers.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-18/c453","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/a15696f3e3104c27","nativeRecordCid":"9a1b73d9-5e7b-4873-988a-b7df2db76312","documentId":"open-science-source-18","id":"c453","text":"Differences in perspective between reviewers may be highly informative, especially when peer review is organised in more open and more formative ways.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"differences in reviewer perspective","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Such differences in perspective may actually be highly informative, especially when peer review is organised in more open and more formative ways.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-18/c454","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/85505419083248e2","nativeRecordCid":"63e1d9b5-0f6e-4836-9d12-46d62ae41902","documentId":"open-science-source-18","id":"c454","text":"Trust in peer review may be affected by the idea that outcomes of peer review are biased.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"trust in peer review and bias","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Trust in peer review may also be affected by the idea that outcomes of peer review are biased.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-18/c455","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/92fab5ad9dc54848","nativeRecordCid":"0d84ce45-d857-4115-983b-756f8772c2bb","documentId":"open-science-source-18","id":"c455","text":"Problems related to quality in peer review are often seen as biases in peer review.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"quality problems in peer review","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Problems related to quality (Section 3.1) and diversity (Section 3.3) are often seen as biases in peer review.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-18/c456","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/13fe487d0e494410","nativeRecordCid":"d2ceb83f-2922-4f43-a516-555de0ab7b46","documentId":"open-science-source-18","id":"c456","text":"Problems related to diversity in peer review are often seen as biases in peer review.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"diversity problems in peer review","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Problems related to quality (Section 3.1) and diversity (Section 3.3) are often seen as biases in peer review.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-18/c457","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/a1243de9bf434a70","nativeRecordCid":"14db265a-853d-4970-ab8e-29bd932704a9","documentId":"open-science-source-18","id":"c457","text":"Many studies that make claims about biases in peer review offer weak evidence, often relying on simple observational study designs that demonstrate correlations between variables but not necessarily causal relationships.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"studies on bias in peer review","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Many studies that make claims about biases in peer review offer weak evidence, often relying on simple observational study designs that demonstrate correlations between variables but not necessarily causal relationships.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-18/c458","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/477830c3d88f4492","nativeRecordCid":"5f60d5ca-6762-4692-ad12-815daba29526","documentId":"open-science-source-18","id":"c458","text":"The notion of bias needs to be understood in a causal sense.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"","subject":"notion of bias","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The notion of bias, however, needs to be understood in a causal sense.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-18/c459","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/eee1efd2d7df4732","nativeRecordCid":"f4333c78-4c3e-4e84-a50a-a4b25e9c0df7","documentId":"open-science-source-18","id":"c459","text":"Observational studies of biases need strong study designs relying on causal inference techniques.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"","subject":"observational studies of bias","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"As pointed out by Traag and Waltman (2024), observational studies of biases need strong study designs relying on causal inference techniques.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-18/c460","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/7c5844e81cba4681","nativeRecordCid":"448dd8e2-980f-4548-83a7-629d8c41d3f8","documentId":"open-science-source-18","id":"c460","text":"Without strong study designs relying on causal inference techniques, there is a significant risk of misguided policy recommendations.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"observational studies without causal inference","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Without this, there is a significant risk of misguided policy recommendations (Traag & Waltman, 2023).","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-18/c461","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/d25d1251208a46e7","nativeRecordCid":"6d4308dc-77b1-4867-8e4a-26ac7e6985b1","documentId":"open-science-source-18","id":"c461","text":"It is important to distinguish between objective and subjective biases.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"","subject":"objective and subjective biases","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Apart from these methodological issues, it is important to distinguish between objective and subjective biases.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-18/c462","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/ad273f42e61e4757","nativeRecordCid":"f089b80f-91c4-4e8b-8c4b-5105d4fe97d5","documentId":"open-science-source-18","id":"c462","text":"An objective bias is a bias that is objectively undesirable.","kind":"definitional","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"objective bias","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"An objective bias is a bias that is objectively undesirable.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-18/c463","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/b595be566aad4364","nativeRecordCid":"11403c75-ce90-42bd-bc32-29482456781e","documentId":"open-science-source-18","id":"c463","text":"The affiliation of authors should not influence how their articles are evaluated.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"","subject":"author affiliation and article evaluation","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"since the affiliation of authors should not influence how their articles are evaluated.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-18/c464","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/0d1780f9b2c64a1d","nativeRecordCid":"302a6226-40fc-456f-b68f-049f0312731b","documentId":"open-science-source-18","id":"c464","text":"There is no objectively optimal balance between high-risk and lower-risk research.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"high-risk vs lower-risk research balance","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"this does not represent an objective bias, because there is no objectively optimal balance between high-risk and lower-risk research.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-18/c465","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/f7d04f883097434a","nativeRecordCid":"dcea0b32-c07d-4cb4-a806-5de11d21d832","documentId":"open-science-source-18","id":"c465","text":"A subjective bias is a bias whose existence depends on one's normative position, such that people may or may not agree it is a bias.","kind":"definitional","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"subjective bias","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"However, this is a subjective bias, and depending on one’s normative position, one may or may not agree there is a bias.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-18/c466","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/07f74401d0944e9d","nativeRecordCid":"7dea4cbd-f93e-40b8-885e-3658a82ceab9","documentId":"open-science-source-18","id":"c466","text":"Peer review processes have historically been set up in ways that assume the goodwill and integrity of the applicant or author.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"peer review processes' assumptions","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Peer review processes have historically been set up in ways that assume the goodwill and integrity of the applicant or author.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-18/c467","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/f74a00504ef14522","nativeRecordCid":"398b47d3-acd5-4dc2-ad50-04fb88a661cf","documentId":"open-science-source-18","id":"c467","text":"Peer review does a poor job in spotting scientific fraud, for example manufactured and manipulated data or papers produced by paper mills or AI tools.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"peer review and fraud detection","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Peer review therefore does a poor job in spotting scientific fraud, for example manufactured and manipulated data (‘Can Peer Review Police Fraud?’, 2006) or papers produced by paper mills or AI tools (Elali & Rachid, 2023).","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-18/c468","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/3c3a6d5188dd4e46","nativeRecordCid":"5f36403b-a0b9-47a8-8dbe-ea6f767ad0c4","documentId":"open-science-source-18","id":"c468","text":"The research system is being flooded with 'AI slop'.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"AI slop in research system","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"There are now pressing concerns that the research system is being flooded with ‘AI slop’ and that peer review processes cannot deal with this adequately (Rees & Wilsdon, 2026; Thorp, 2026).","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-18/c469","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/1af177badb8045e8","nativeRecordCid":"f178cd40-579e-4dfe-9fd7-c3718cd4713a","documentId":"open-science-source-18","id":"c469","text":"Peer review processes cannot deal with the flood of 'AI slop' adequately.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"peer review and AI slop","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"There are now pressing concerns that the research system is being flooded with ‘AI slop’ and that peer review processes cannot deal with this adequately (Rees & Wilsdon, 2026; Thorp, 2026).","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-18/c470","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/af0ce3f9490a49a7","nativeRecordCid":"bea8b1e1-8cc6-4662-8fc1-95dd52785160","documentId":"open-science-source-18","id":"c470","text":"Technology may offer some hope in detecting fraud in peer review.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"technology and fraud detection","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Technology may offer some hope here – technologies such as plagiarism detectors are well established, and new technologies designed to detect inauthentic authorship or image manipulation are improving all the time (Pellegrina & Helmy, 2025).","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-18/c471","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/b9df3c4dc5404836","nativeRecordCid":"9d996835-c54d-44f0-a89d-e8c4bce3db8e","documentId":"open-science-source-18","id":"c471","text":"Technologies such as plagiarism detectors are well established.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"plagiarism detection technologies","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Technology may offer some hope here – technologies such as plagiarism detectors are well established, and new technologies designed to detect inauthentic authorship or image manipulation are improving all the time (Pellegrina & Helmy, 2025).","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-18/c472","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/33e6f071aa124ad7","nativeRecordCid":"68362721-0d0b-47b8-827d-9321a8b4d5cc","documentId":"open-science-source-18","id":"c472","text":"New technologies designed to detect inauthentic authorship or image manipulation are improving all the time.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"fraud detection technologies","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Technology may offer some hope here – technologies such as plagiarism detectors are well established, and new technologies designed to detect inauthentic authorship or image manipulation are improving all the time (Pellegrina & Helmy, 2025).","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-18/c473","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/f0e286e746604790","nativeRecordCid":"7a80c734-5cb2-432a-acf5-5021300d135a","documentId":"open-science-source-18","id":"c473","text":"An arms race is developing between those trying to abuse the peer review system and those fighting such abuse.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"abuse of peer review system","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"There is, however, something of an ‘arms race’ developing between those trying to abuse the system and those fighting such abuse, with the former often staying ahead of the latter (Aczel et al., 2025; Brainard, 2025; Christianson, 2024).","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-18/c474","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/29bd61ca3793469a","nativeRecordCid":"b4494296-8e73-49cb-94ba-7949efceda6e","documentId":"open-science-source-18","id":"c474","text":"Those abusing the peer review system often stay ahead of those fighting such abuse.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"abusers of peer review system","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"There is, however, something of an ‘arms race’ developing between those trying to abuse the system and those fighting such abuse, with the former often staying ahead of the latter (Aczel et al., 2025; Brainard, 2025; Christianson, 2024).","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-18/c475","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/a077d634d4f3451e","nativeRecordCid":"1e6b252f-3bc9-4ed0-8961-95dda17ce5b1","documentId":"open-science-source-18","id":"c475","text":"Peer review processes are vulnerable to abuse through peer review collusion networks or cartels, even where the objects under review are legitimate.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"peer review vulnerability to collusion","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Even where the objects under review are legitimate, peer review processes are vulnerable to abuse, with peer review collusion networks or cartels, or individual editor or reviewer corruption (Richardson et al., 2025).","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-18/c476","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/42383e7743a5484b","nativeRecordCid":"4de1993f-f5c0-4da1-bb13-84c744f50059","documentId":"open-science-source-18","id":"c476","text":"Peer review processes are vulnerable to individual editor or reviewer corruption, even where the objects under review are legitimate.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"peer review vulnerability to corruption","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Even where the objects under review are legitimate, peer review processes are vulnerable to abuse, with peer review collusion networks or cartels, or individual editor or reviewer corruption (Richardson et al., 2025).","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-18/c477","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/efbf7972f31b481a","nativeRecordCid":"b87b4e17-0738-46ec-aa0c-e123db72f67f","documentId":"open-science-source-18","id":"c477","text":"Colleagues may agree to review each other's work sympathetically to artificially boost their chances of success.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"collusion among colleagues in peer review","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"In the case of the former, colleagues may agree to review each other’s work sympathetically and thus artificially boost their chances of success (Feldwisch-Drentrup, 2017; Jecmen et al., 2024; Littman, 2021; Misra & Agarwal, 2020) or colleagues may collude to exclude the work of others (Whittington, 2024).","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-18/c478","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/69babac4554d42ed","nativeRecordCid":"d1ed42d6-03c2-47ea-be25-65a8b0626f79","documentId":"open-science-source-18","id":"c478","text":"Colleagues may collude to exclude the work of others in peer review.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"collusion among colleagues in peer review","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"In the case of the former, colleagues may agree to review each other’s work sympathetically and thus artificially boost their chances of success (Feldwisch-Drentrup, 2017; Jecmen et al., 2024; Littman, 2021; Misra & Agarwal, 2020) or colleagues may collude to exclude the work of others (Whittington, 2024).","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-18/c479","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/fdc12acfd6bc4ad3","nativeRecordCid":"9b01521d-230b-4755-8264-0396322e79be","documentId":"open-science-source-18","id":"c479","text":"Corrupt editors or reviewers may favour the work of some colleagues over others, for financial or other gains.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"corrupt editors or reviewers","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"In the case of the latter, corrupt editors or reviewers may favour the work of some rather than other colleagues, for financial or other gains (Frederik Joelving, 2024; Green & Johnston, 2022; Shelomi, 2014).","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-18/c480","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/983f911b35a2443d","nativeRecordCid":"ab972cba-347b-4956-835d-394c638d1965","documentId":"open-science-source-18","id":"c480","text":"Misconduct in peer review, along with inauthentic research and authorship, is increasing more rapidly than overall scientific output and is happening on an industrial scale of production.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"misconduct in peer review and output","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Richardson et al. (2025) report that this kind of misconduct, along with inauthentic research and authorship, are increasing more rapidly than the overall scientific output and are happening on an “industrial scale of production”.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-18/c481","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/829c3b207acd402b","nativeRecordCid":"a682fb60-0222-4a97-926a-007e59a30dc3","documentId":"open-science-source-18","id":"c481","text":"Misconduct in peer review is often very difficult to detect, particularly when carried out on an individual basis rather than in a group.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"detection of misconduct in peer review","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Such behaviour is often very difficult to detect, particularly when carried out on an individual basis rather than in a group.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-18/c482","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/96e191d1b947451b","nativeRecordCid":"58a1b70c-6f93-482d-9921-fba769f66a97","documentId":"open-science-source-18","id":"c482","text":"The inappropriate use of AI by reviewers is a problem in peer review.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"AI use by reviewers","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Another problem is the inappropriate use of AI by reviewers, as discussed in the box below.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-18/c483","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/e3e0b8f065824158","nativeRecordCid":"de73a352-f796-4e27-be28-7a28e000819c","documentId":"open-science-source-18","id":"c483","text":"Peer review reports will increasingly be produced wholly or partially through inappropriate use of AI.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"AI use in peer review reports","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"There is growing concern across domains that peer review reports will increasingly be produced either wholly or partially through inappropriate use of AI, something which is very difficult to detect (Rao et al., 2025).","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-18/c484","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/c63b83b4a25b4889","nativeRecordCid":"1a94e18b-1332-471f-9f90-f6d987b9720a","documentId":"open-science-source-18","id":"c484","text":"Inappropriate use of AI in producing peer review reports is very difficult to detect.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"detection of inappropriate AI use","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"There is growing concern across domains that peer review reports will increasingly be produced either wholly or partially through inappropriate use of AI, something which is very difficult to detect (Rao et al., 2025).","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-18/c485","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/70b0ba028a12487d","nativeRecordCid":"50fedc15-604d-440d-a517-cf1e9af36078","documentId":"open-science-source-18","id":"c485","text":"There are growing concerns about inappropriate use of AI in peer review, including AI-generated peer review reports.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"concerns about AI use in peer review","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Whilst studies have identified the potential of AI to positively support peer review (Checco et al., 2021; Kousha & Thelwall, 2024), there are growing concerns about inappropriate use of AI in peer review, including AI-generated peer review reports.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-18/c486","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/86033ce2fbcb449a","nativeRecordCid":"f975a427-83b6-488d-a263-e0247743916f","documentId":"open-science-source-18","id":"c486","text":"There is a pressing need for further evidence on AI use in research.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"","subject":"evidence on AI use in research","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Like so much of AI use in research, there is a pressing need for further evidence, more guidance and widely-shared good practice, but the target is moving so quickly that producing such aids is challenging (Kim, 2024; Resnik & Hosseini, 2025; Richardson et al., 2025).","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-18/c487","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/3395b17bffd14a81","nativeRecordCid":"285b8d63-d414-4c91-98b6-bd23a2a02881","documentId":"open-science-source-18","id":"c487","text":"There is a pressing need for more guidance on AI use in research.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"","subject":"guidance on AI use in research","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Like so much of AI use in research, there is a pressing need for further evidence, more guidance and widely-shared good practice, but the target is moving so quickly that producing such aids is challenging (Kim, 2024; Resnik & Hosseini, 2025; Richardson et al., 2025).","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-18/c488","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/002233d824e046f9","nativeRecordCid":"85519c3b-a5a6-46e9-8e5d-bb0b2770a7e7","documentId":"open-science-source-18","id":"c488","text":"There is a pressing need for widely-shared good practice on AI use in research.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"","subject":"good practice on AI use in research","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Like so much of AI use in research, there is a pressing need for further evidence, more guidance and widely-shared good practice, but the target is moving so quickly that producing such aids is challenging (Kim, 2024; Resnik & Hosseini, 2025; Richardson et al., 2025).","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-18/c489","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/db56dffb65f849a2","nativeRecordCid":"2ddafbdb-7daf-44fd-860b-b1f0cb1cc701","documentId":"open-science-source-18","id":"c489","text":"The rapid pace of change in AI use in research makes producing evidence, guidance and good practice on it challenging.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"pace of AI change vs guidance production","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Like so much of AI use in research, there is a pressing need for further evidence, more guidance and widely-shared good practice, but the target is moving so quickly that producing such aids is challenging (Kim, 2024; Resnik & Hosseini, 2025; Richardson et al., 2025).","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-18/c490","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/524bddf7dbe7487c","nativeRecordCid":"1195d4f5-bc72-41f2-9022-79e5c32771ac","documentId":"open-science-source-18","id":"c490","text":"Questionable practices in peer review are often driven by the demands of the 'publish or perish' economy.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"causes of questionable peer review practices","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Questionable practices like those discussed above are often driven by the demands of the ‘publish or perish’ economy (Grimes et al., 2018; Wright, 2024) and the need for research to be seen as impactful (Golhasany & Harvey, 2022).","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-18/c491","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/070dbd105d484e6e","nativeRecordCid":"07bde850-0cfc-4960-b1ba-d1bb0be7f712","documentId":"open-science-source-18","id":"c491","text":"Questionable practices in peer review are often driven by the need for research to be seen as impactful.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"causes of questionable peer review practices","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Questionable practices like those discussed above are often driven by the demands of the ‘publish or perish’ economy (Grimes et al., 2018; Wright, 2024) and the need for research to be seen as impactful (Golhasany & Harvey, 2022).","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-18/c492","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/fb825e790a0a4eaf","nativeRecordCid":"dea03127-8cb4-4c3e-8825-b31461065fdd","documentId":"open-science-source-18","id":"c492","text":"In some countries and institutions, there are financial incentives to produce outputs at certain rates.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"financial incentives for output production","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"In some countries and institutions, there are also financial incentives to produce outputs at certain rates.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-18/c493","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/8b08e071447f4b34","nativeRecordCid":"f9739b71-bca6-4e79-a00d-429cbc40018d","documentId":"open-science-source-18","id":"c493","text":"Performance bonuses or promotions may depend on peer review outcomes.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"performance bonuses and peer review outcomes","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Performance bonuses or promotions may depend on peer review outcomes (Rawat & Meena, 2014; Xia, 2018).","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-18/c494","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/95cb8092d07f464f","nativeRecordCid":"718ffb5c-9233-4520-a694-ee5b9b6665d1","documentId":"open-science-source-18","id":"c494","text":"Technologies may improve detection capabilities for questionable practices in peer review.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"detection technologies for questionable practices","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Even though technologies may improve detection capabilities, questionable practices in peer review are likely to persist as long as incentive structures focus excessively on acquiring large amounts of grant income and publishing in prestigious journals (Richardson et al., 2025).","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-18/c495","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/fde1da9ab4df4864","nativeRecordCid":"6e49fab3-14c6-4190-80df-c82954817426","documentId":"open-science-source-18","id":"c495","text":"Questionable practices in peer review are likely to persist as long as incentive structures focus excessively on acquiring large amounts of grant income and publishing in prestigious journals.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"persistence of questionable peer review practices","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Even though technologies may improve detection capabilities, questionable practices in peer review are likely to persist as long as incentive structures focus excessively on acquiring large amounts of grant income and publishing in prestigious journals (Richardson et al., 2025).","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-18/c496","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/b8e88dc510db49db","nativeRecordCid":"1d8c322f-c91f-4be8-b703-dee925637da8","documentId":"open-science-source-18","id":"c496","text":"Concerns about arbitrariness in peer review undermine trust in peer review.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"trust in peer review","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Concerns about arbitrariness, bias and misconduct all undermine trust in peer review.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-18/c497","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/3053b14939cd4aa8","nativeRecordCid":"8f071a1f-f0e7-43cd-86dc-1c6a97820dba","documentId":"open-science-source-18","id":"c497","text":"Concerns about bias in peer review undermine trust in peer review.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"trust in peer review","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Concerns about arbitrariness, bias and misconduct all undermine trust in peer review.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-18/c498","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/3792826fe1bb4864","nativeRecordCid":"8ad0644f-cd83-4d1e-b6c2-36a14238ab9e","documentId":"open-science-source-18","id":"c498","text":"Concerns about misconduct in peer review undermine trust in peer review.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"trust in peer review","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Concerns about arbitrariness, bias and misconduct all undermine trust in peer review.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-18/c499","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/2969aec41753469d","nativeRecordCid":"0121ee00-5ebe-481e-84f7-4b12d636d8f8","documentId":"open-science-source-18","id":"c499","text":"Awareness of issues undermining trust in peer review is growing not only within but also outside the research community.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"awareness of peer review trust issues","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Awareness of these issues is growing not only within but also outside the research community.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-18/c500","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/bc67684db77a435c","nativeRecordCid":"95466e71-fdec-4243-8a3b-00c442220a82","documentId":"open-science-source-18","id":"c500","text":"Growing awareness of these issues is making public trust in peer-review-based systems more difficult to bolster.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"public trust in peer review","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"This is making public trust in peer-review-based systems more difficult","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-18/c501","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/e14a32af640246c8","nativeRecordCid":"c03c04d5-2534-4ffd-8abd-f1ad87cd2780","documentId":"open-science-source-18","id":"c501","text":"The legitimation function of peer review, supporting society's trust in science, is under increasing pressure.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"legitimation function of peer review","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The legitimation function of peer review, supporting society’s trust in science, is under increasing pressure.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-18/c502","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/b54591d6d2d840f3","nativeRecordCid":"43307671-2b6c-4f19-9299-421a36640058","documentId":"open-science-source-18","id":"c502","text":"Representatives of the research system sometimes portray peer review in an idealised way to the public, suggesting it offers an almost absolute guarantee of the quality of evaluated objects.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"portrayal of peer review to the public","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"In fora outside the research community, representatives of the research system sometimes portray peer review in an idealised way,\n\nsuggesting that peer review somehow offers an almost absolute guarantee of the quality of the evaluated objects.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-18/c503","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/a9a088398dfb48b4","nativeRecordCid":"11eaa275-4315-45e3-af60-414d57c0c77f","documentId":"open-science-source-18","id":"c503","text":"Promoting the 'legend of peer review' to the public is looking increasingly problematic.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"idealised portrayal of peer review","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Promoting this ‘legend of peer review’ to the public is looking increasingly problematic. On the other hand, exaggerating the problems in peer review could play into the hands of cynical actors, including those engaging in politically-motivated attacks on science.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-18/c504","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/300072865eba4689","nativeRecordCid":"e2188cf4-56fb-4a52-9fa8-ab1ebc4ecb74","documentId":"open-science-source-18","id":"c504","text":"Exaggerating the problems in peer review could play into the hands of cynical actors, including those engaging in politically-motivated attacks on science.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"exaggerating peer review problems","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"On the other hand, exaggerating the problems in peer review could play into the hands of cynical actors, including those engaging in politically-motivated attacks on science.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-18/c505","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/4cdba985f14644e0","nativeRecordCid":"82f62d75-3a3e-4b45-a6eb-4ce2d26fb6d9","documentId":"open-science-source-18","id":"c505","text":"An honest and balanced discussion about the problems in peer review is needed.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"","subject":"discussion about peer review problems","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"There is a need for an honest and balanced discussion about the problems in peer review.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-18/c506","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/7cebccaea70043a7","nativeRecordCid":"b4cb222b-8c26-4d2f-a540-cf502b9bf50d","documentId":"open-science-source-18","id":"c506","text":"An honest and balanced discussion about problems in peer review requires building a robust understanding of where problems in peer review are arising.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"","subject":"discussion about peer review problems","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"This requires building a robust understanding of where problems in peer review are arising, and based on that, having informed conversations and debates about ways to address the problems.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-18/c507","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/bab8cb463b5d484b","nativeRecordCid":"4185950a-8e25-4900-8c2f-5dbc11038f64","documentId":"open-science-source-18","id":"c507","text":"An honest and balanced discussion about problems in peer review requires having informed conversations and debates about ways to address the problems.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"","subject":"discussion about peer review problems","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"This requires building a robust understanding of where problems in peer review are arising, and based on that, having informed conversations and debates about ways to address the problems.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-18/c508","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/6aa91ea022e04607","nativeRecordCid":"ca999dd4-4b97-404c-8797-bb8cd021147f","documentId":"open-science-source-18","id":"c508","text":"Stakeholders across the research landscape are acutely aware of many of the challenges facing peer review.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"stakeholder awareness of peer review challenges","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Stakeholders across the research landscape are acutely aware of many of the challenges highlighted in the previous chapter.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-18/c509","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/4c286408afd24057","nativeRecordCid":"c9ba25f1-a73b-42ce-a0d9-589591b4756d","documentId":"open-science-source-18","id":"c509","text":"Peer review challenges vary in age: some have existed for a long time, some have intensified recently, and others, especially AI-related ones, are relatively new.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"variation in peer review challenges","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Some of the challenges have been around for a long time, some have intensified in recent years, others are relatively new, especially those around AI.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-18/c510","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/6ae437a7f3044dfc","nativeRecordCid":"0d4980e4-8b56-4968-a071-3ec91c10ee48","documentId":"open-science-source-18","id":"c510","text":"The pressure on peer review is intensifying.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"pressure on peer review","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The pressure on peer review is intensifying.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-18/c511","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/974b02d5810a4617","nativeRecordCid":"e223ccb2-1441-4d8d-a616-4f8ee4d1ea0e","documentId":"open-science-source-18","id":"c511","text":"Research funders, scholarly publishers and other stakeholders have experimented with a wide range of innovations to address current challenges in peer review, many of which are now being implemented more widely.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"experimentation with peer review innovations","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"As a result, research funders, scholarly publishers and other stakeholders have experimented with a wide range of innovations to address the current challenges, many of which are now being implemented more widely.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-18/c512","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/938e6b3c799f4b07","nativeRecordCid":"06900a80-5eae-483c-b6f4-5d49376f5678","documentId":"open-science-source-18","id":"c512","text":"The evidence base underpinning many innovations in peer review is growing at a substantial pace.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"evidence base for peer review innovations","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The evidence base underpinning many of these innovations is growing at a substantial pace.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-18/c513","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/4920ae93eeef4cca","nativeRecordCid":"17783596-05e5-4430-961d-150ea93f9f4c","documentId":"open-science-source-18","id":"c513","text":"Funders can be more confident in making use of distributed peer review in the right circumstances.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"funder confidence in distributed peer review","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"For example, there have been several new trials of distributed peer review since the abovementioned Technopolis report was published, and so funders can be  more confident now in making use of distributed peer review in the right circumstances.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-18/c514","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/09aa9377945e4da6","nativeRecordCid":"b20d1062-6e5d-4789-9daa-eeed9fb9e8db","documentId":"open-science-source-18","id":"c514","text":"Extensive implementation of innovations in peer review can help address current challenges in peer review.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"effect of peer review innovations","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Given the growing body of evidence of effectiveness, there is good cause to believe that extensive implementation of innovations like those noted above can help address current challenges in peer review.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-18/c515","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/1f20079245b64162","nativeRecordCid":"84df7bac-de3a-45f8-8847-35d6f1d07f89","documentId":"open-science-source-18","id":"c515","text":"Research funders, scholarly publishers and other stakeholders should keep investing in the implementation of peer review innovations.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"research funders, scholarly publishers and other stakeholders","subject":"investment in peer review innovations","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"We encourage research funders, scholarly publishers and other stakeholders in the research system to keep investing in the implementation of these innovations, and to keep up efforts of experimentation with novel approaches to peer review.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-18/c516","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/c81951a5511846ea","nativeRecordCid":"29486b94-4338-44ed-8a5f-ce8d7ccd534e","documentId":"open-science-source-18","id":"c516","text":"Research funders, scholarly publishers and other stakeholders should keep up efforts of experimentation with novel approaches to peer review.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"research funders, scholarly publishers and other stakeholders","subject":"experimentation with peer review approaches","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"We encourage research funders, scholarly publishers and other stakeholders in the research system to keep investing in the implementation of these innovations, and to keep up efforts of experimentation with novel approaches to peer review.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-18/c517","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/10afc2cdcf4a4b9e","nativeRecordCid":"6b9b4005-1ed4-4eb6-bb37-60959b0f11ef","documentId":"open-science-source-18","id":"c517","text":"Process-level innovations are unlikely to be sufficient to address the challenges facing peer review.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"sufficiency of process-level innovations","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"However, the sum of available evidence – both from our own research and from the wider literature discussed in this report – suggests that these process-level innovations are unlikely to be sufficient to address the challenges at hand.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-18/c518","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/212c9f40647a4b72","nativeRecordCid":"44a276e9-cb90-4061-87aa-94644dcca074","documentId":"open-science-source-18","id":"c518","text":"A wider systemic transformation of peer review and the research system in which peer review works is needed.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"","subject":"systemic transformation of peer review","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"There is a need for a wider systemic transformation of peer review and the research system in which peer review works.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-18/c519","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/1eb258d29bb64b2f","nativeRecordCid":"5056a001-7ffd-42bd-ad10-cadc2762a908","documentId":"open-science-source-18","id":"c519","text":"There is a strong expectation of 21st-century science to contribute to addressing major societal challenges.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"21st-century science's expected role","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"There is a strong expectation of 21st-century science to contribute to addressing major societal challenges.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-18/c520","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/01411d5929734b66","nativeRecordCid":"c2b3da62-ec8f-417d-abc3-f62ce644b0c6","documentId":"open-science-source-18","id":"c520","text":"Contributing to major societal challenges requires the development of large-scale collaborative initiatives between research teams with diverse disciplinary backgrounds.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"","subject":"requirements for contributing to societal challenges","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"This requires the development of large-scale collaborative initiatives between research teams with diverse disciplinary backgrounds, as well as collaborations with a broad range of societal stakeholders.","representedInStars":true}
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{"key":"open-science-source-18/c523","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/c34fdfe333314583","nativeRecordCid":"ed11536d-5e0f-4306-9800-7412324ad24a","documentId":"open-science-source-18","id":"c523","text":"The current paradigm of how research is done still largely rests on the idea that advances can be made by individual researchers or small research teams operating mostly within disciplinary boundaries.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"current research paradigm","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Yet, our current paradigm of how research is done still largely rests on the idea that advances can be made by individual researchers or small research teams operating mostly within disciplinary boundaries.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-18/c524","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/774cb6e79fce4d1e","nativeRecordCid":"85ea0411-4ac6-4885-94db-82c9dac79642","documentId":"open-science-source-18","id":"c524","text":"The shift towards more complex challenge-oriented, inter- and transdisciplinary work casts doubt on the appropriateness of small-scale, person-centred project funding.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"appropriateness of small-scale project funding","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The shift towards a need for more complex challenge-oriented, inter- and transdisciplinary work casts doubt on the extent to which smallscale, person-centred project funding is still appropriate.","representedInStars":false}
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{"key":"open-science-source-18/c528","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/6070a50624724650","nativeRecordCid":"03b2b8fb-4bd5-4a38-abf3-6f5a745cec67","documentId":"open-science-source-18","id":"c528","text":"What types of funding are needed for complex inter- and transdisciplinary research must be explicitly considered.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"","subject":"funding types for interdisciplinary research","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"We need to think more explicitly about what types of funding are needed and how to mobilise appropriate peer reviewers accordingly.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-18/c529","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/e6ed300a707d4d10","nativeRecordCid":"0a3264a1-cb4b-462d-9895-e6f7d1c136a5","documentId":"open-science-source-18","id":"c529","text":"How to mobilise appropriate peer reviewers for complex inter- and transdisciplinary research must be explicitly considered.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"","subject":"mobilising reviewers for interdisciplinary research","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"We need to think more explicitly about what types of funding are needed and how to mobilise appropriate peer reviewers accordingly.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-18/c530","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/ba13681ceeb94a43","nativeRecordCid":"b70e24b1-fd28-4842-b9f3-75a24f4f1dbd","documentId":"open-science-source-18","id":"c530","text":"Research funding as a 'competition of ideas' may be a healthy approach to root out sub-par ideas and underperforming parts of the research system.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"competition of ideas in research funding","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Research funding as a ‘competition of ideas’ may be a healthy approach to root out sub-par ideas and underperforming parts of the research system.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-18/c531","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/44670f8bef32444b","nativeRecordCid":"a15adb0b-79e0-4644-8c14-024fdce7fd07","documentId":"open-science-source-18","id":"c531","text":"The research system in its current form is underpinned by an ethos of extreme competitiveness and scarce resources.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"ethos of the research system","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"However, the research system in its current form is underpinned by an ethos of extreme competitiveness and scarce resources.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-18/c532","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/65f14c7e08824b2f","nativeRecordCid":"6eea5381-148f-4828-898c-7a517f2a85cf","documentId":"open-science-source-18","id":"c532","text":"As long as hyper-competition remains the norm, capacity challenges in peer review will be inevitable.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"hyper-competition and peer review capacity","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"As long as hyper-competition remains the norm, capacity challenges in peer","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-18/c533","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/2bbc3e49ff774a49","nativeRecordCid":"de99de72-bd37-4765-b23d-c49fb127a3ed","documentId":"open-science-source-18","id":"c533","text":"There are many incentives that drive publication and grant application at levels beyond what is desirable in a healthy research system.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"incentives driving publication and grant applications","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"researchers – there are many incentives that drive publication and grant application at levels beyond what is desirable in a healthy research system.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-18/c534","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/30f0ce4f26a54ad1","nativeRecordCid":"1d8fb435-7365-4d44-b1c6-251ef146179c","documentId":"open-science-source-18","id":"c534","text":"Process overload is built into the research system.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"process overload in the research system","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Process overload is built into the system.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-18/c535","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/e2539972b38346a4","nativeRecordCid":"b0cfaf48-8c08-4697-bd3c-5bb347f21077","documentId":"open-science-source-18","id":"c535","text":"Process-level innovations cannot resolve process overload in the research system.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"limits of process-level innovations","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Process-level innovations cannot resolve this.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-18/c536","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/2f380403924c445d","nativeRecordCid":"1f536f75-c6ba-418b-9bb5-bd079afa3ead","documentId":"open-science-source-18","id":"c536","text":"The research system needs to be rethought in a more fundamental way.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"","subject":"rethinking the research system","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The system needs rethinking in a more fundamental way.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-18/c537","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/4ec716da6c5246f7","nativeRecordCid":"d8311cbe-a8af-4e6e-906d-4acb1c3a7b97","documentId":"open-science-source-18","id":"c537","text":"Recent developments in AI have exacerbated the challenges faced by peer review, particularly capacity challenges.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"AI's effect on peer review challenges","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Recent developments in AI have exacerbated the challenges faced by peer review, in particular capacity challenges, and will likely continue to do so even more.","representedInStars":false}
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{"key":"open-science-source-18/c539","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/61a9580bbea24fb7","nativeRecordCid":"90d15ba9-27c2-45f9-99ea-9c06be721031","documentId":"open-science-source-18","id":"c539","text":"Submissions of articles in the publishing domain are rising rapidly, most likely with a substantial proportion driven by AI.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"rise in article submissions","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"In the publishing domain, submissions of articles are also rising rapidly, most likely with a substantial proportion of this driven by AI (Dahl, 2026).","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-18/c540","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/10f3be6c9ede48df","nativeRecordCid":"a86c6bbf-0146-4947-8dd2-67fa69e20f5b","documentId":"open-science-source-18","id":"c540","text":"AI-generated content is putting already strained peer review processes under even more pressure.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"AI-generated content and peer review pressure","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"AI-generated content is putting already strained peer review processes under even more pressure.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-18/c541","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/483ed0d9e006447e","nativeRecordCid":"65e8509d-63f1-4b5d-8183-aae4386d89ed","documentId":"open-science-source-18","id":"c541","text":"Systemic incentives and drivers of behaviours that lead researchers to apply for funding and produce outputs must be considered.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"","subject":"systemic incentives driving researcher behaviour","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"It is all the more critical, therefore, to consider systemic incentives and drivers of behaviours that lead to researchers applying for funding and producing outputs.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-18/c542","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/ff56cb4ddd8a4fd6","nativeRecordCid":"3b85a9d8-03ec-41e2-9d15-83199e73487c","documentId":"open-science-source-18","id":"c542","text":"Process-level innovations in research funding and scholarly publishing may do little more than partially offset the forthcoming increase in burden from AI-driven trends.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"limits of process-level innovations against AI trends","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Process-level innovations in research funding and scholarly publishing may in light of these trends do little more than partially offset the forthcoming increase in burden.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-18/c543","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/7ed607ba99c8488e","nativeRecordCid":"905349cf-236d-4fed-9f54-8a8f3781c072","documentId":"open-science-source-18","id":"c543","text":"There are known issues of diversity, inclusion and equality in the research system along many lines, including geography, institutional prestige, and gender.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"diversity and equality issues in research system","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"When it comes to diversity, inclusion and equality, there are known issues in the research system along many lines, including but not limited to geography, institutional prestige, and gender.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-18/c544","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/d3fe987026fd448f","nativeRecordCid":"6f357daf-f7fa-400a-9a31-c41e012baf56","documentId":"open-science-source-18","id":"c544","text":"Many unequal outcomes in peer review are less a result of bias in peer review processes themselves than of the reproduction of systemic inequalities via unequal representation in the research system at large.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"causes of unequal outcomes in peer review","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"However, many unequal outcomes are not so much a result of bias in peer review processes themselves: a more clearly demonstrable factor is the reproduction of systemic inequalities in peer review processes via unequal representation in the research system at large.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-18/c545","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/ac33ab31f6b843cb","nativeRecordCid":"bc877ac7-2e39-4d7c-b766-598bc75351d4","documentId":"open-science-source-18","id":"c545","text":"System-level changes are a more fruitful avenue than changes to peer review processes for resolving inequalities in the research system.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"resolving research system inequalities","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"This suggests that system-level changes are a more fruitful avenue towards resolving such inequalities.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-18/c546","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/9770e7868a7d466a","nativeRecordCid":"e4123a3e-e085-4197-8da0-7a3331fe9e7a","documentId":"open-science-source-18","id":"c546","text":"None of the process-level innovations currently underway, however useful, is a catch-all solution.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"limits of process-level innovations","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"None of the process-level innovations currently underway, however useful, is a catch-all solution (Kolarz et al., 2023).","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-18/c547","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/b5c94f8c89b24ad5","nativeRecordCid":"d06e66a9-536a-44eb-8754-b7bc9a977cca","documentId":"open-science-source-18","id":"c547","text":"Process-level innovations typically adjust specific processes in peer review in particular domains, or more usually, parts of domains.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"scope of process-level innovations","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"They typically adjust specific processes in peer review in particular domains, or more usually, parts of domains.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-18/c548","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/ac9f8b09cb0c4c07","nativeRecordCid":"630bf25b-14fc-4675-8aa8-9e41558cb9fc","documentId":"open-science-source-18","id":"c548","text":"Process-level innovations address one or a small number of peer review challenges.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"scope of process-level innovations","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"In doing so, they address one or a small number of the challenges we have noted.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-18/c549","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/b3ec225e395e431f","nativeRecordCid":"1d4879ce-5fb1-4bfd-ac30-9a7d4ce6174f","documentId":"open-science-source-18","id":"c549","text":"Some process-level innovations may address some challenges while actively exacerbating others.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"trade-offs of process-level innovations","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"In fact, some of them may address some challenges while actively exacerbating others.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-18/c550","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/a989795a30a246ca","nativeRecordCid":"f8d66b6e-6e5b-48b9-b8b6-5c4768220360","documentId":"open-science-source-18","id":"c550","text":"Some attempts by research funders to manage demand may add to overall system burden by necessitating shadow peer review processes in research institutions to determine limited numbers of bids put forward to funders.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"shadow peer review processes","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"For example, some attempts to manage demand by research funders may add to the overall burden in the system by necessitating shadow peer review processes in research institutions to determine the limited number of bids that can be put forward to funders.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-18/c551","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/db2b619d67924dbc","nativeRecordCid":"548e8a1d-d0b6-4460-95b2-949a25a2e3ea","documentId":"open-science-source-18","id":"c551","text":"An innovation aimed at improving the quality of peer review in scholarly publishing may also slow down peer review processes even further.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"trade-offs of quality-focused innovations","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Likewise, an innovation aimed at improving the quality of peer review in scholarly publishing may also slow down peer review processes","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-18/c552","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/d11c8bdc45754630","nativeRecordCid":"6916449a-f8aa-4469-a53f-064230ba7ed7","documentId":"open-science-source-18","id":"c552","text":"Peer review plays a prominent role both on the input side and on the output side of the research system.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"role of peer review in research system","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Peer review plays a prominent role both on the input side and on the output side of the research system.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-18/c553","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/dc5bc1e080b84b4b","nativeRecordCid":"99c9699a-9e30-4b5f-8e0f-4dd7110c9f31","documentId":"open-science-source-18","id":"c553","text":"On the input side of the research system, peer review of project proposals is used as the basis on which research funders allocate project funding to researchers.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"peer review in project funding allocation","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"On the input side, this involves peer review of project proposals on the basis of which research funders allocate project funding to researchers.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-18/c554","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/5a4f4a78cb5f484c","nativeRecordCid":"2e82b107-1e29-441c-8b25-3ebf1e559db8","documentId":"open-science-source-18","id":"c554","text":"Research institutions use peer review to evaluate researchers, particularly in the context of hiring and promotion processes.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"peer review in hiring and promotion","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"It also involves peer review by research institutions to evaluate researchers, particularly in the context","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-18/c555","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/5f4378c7659f416a","nativeRecordCid":"aaa4cb5d-a2f3-4159-940e-cc0fa8cd7e64","documentId":"open-science-source-18","id":"c555","text":"In some countries, such as the UK, research funders use peer review to evaluate research institutions and to allocate institutional funding to them.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"peer review in institutional funding allocation","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"In some countries, such as the UK, research funders also use peer review to evaluate research institutions and to allocate institutional funding to them.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-18/c556","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/21f4c37b90454f88","nativeRecordCid":"5c445abb-e3bd-4a70-a03c-73c7f9bbb522","documentId":"open-science-source-18","id":"c556","text":"On the output side of the research system, publication channels use peer review to evaluate research outputs submitted to them and to decide which outputs to accept or reject for publication.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"peer review in publication decisions","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"On the output side of the research system, publication channels use peer review to evaluate the research outputs submitted to them and to decide which outputs to accept or reject for publication.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-18/c557","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/0407c434ac2345ac","nativeRecordCid":"f8c57927-fafc-489f-a6be-3b18de051046","documentId":"open-science-source-18","id":"c557","text":"The input side provides the resources needed to perform research and to produce the research results disseminated on the output side.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"input side's role in research system","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"First, the input side provides the resources needed to perform research and to produce the research results disseminated on the output side.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-18/c558","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/7a456cafaccd4ee9","nativeRecordCid":"27ef9e5e-7018-461f-9088-baabfced8af3","documentId":"open-science-source-18","id":"c558","text":"The results disseminated on the output side provide insights into the quality of the research performed by researchers.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"output side's insight into research quality","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Second, the results disseminated on the output side provide insights into the quality of the research performed by researchers, and these insights often feed into decisions on resource allocation on the input side.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-18/c559","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/25ccf23cce674377","nativeRecordCid":"5cb0d339-c04a-4c7a-8604-5a114def3ca2","documentId":"open-science-source-18","id":"c559","text":"Insights into research quality from the output side often feed into decisions on resource allocation on the input side.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"link between output insights and input funding","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Second, the results disseminated on the output side provide insights into the quality of the research performed by researchers, and these insights often feed into decisions on resource allocation on the input side.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-18/c560","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/a3d09e3afffc40a0","nativeRecordCid":"fcd255d6-64cd-4411-9526-88b647cadcda","documentId":"open-science-source-18","id":"c560","text":"Peer review on the input side and the output side relies on more or less the same pool of reviewers.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"shared reviewer pool","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Third, peer review on the input side and the output side relies on more or less the same pool of reviewers and therefore competes for scarce peer review capacity.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-18/c561","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/2639fc900ddb4fa1","nativeRecordCid":"940665e0-0aa1-4a02-9874-7891dcd230ff","documentId":"open-science-source-18","id":"c561","text":"Peer review on the input side and the output side competes for scarce peer review capacity.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"competition for peer review capacity","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Third, peer review on the input side and the output side relies on more or less the same pool of reviewers and therefore competes for scarce peer review capacity.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-18/c562","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/797d17e1b81b4852","nativeRecordCid":"3072af7a-bd7d-4ea3-9ff4-ead671e8b028","documentId":"open-science-source-18","id":"c562","text":"Discussions about the functioning and improvement of peer review usually focus on the organisation of peer review at a specific point in the research system.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"focus of peer review discussions","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Discussions about the functioning and improvement of peer review usually focus on the organisation of peer review at a specific point in the research system.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-18/c563","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/11ef47fde6114cb3","nativeRecordCid":"ca20a63e-c4d9-466a-989f-8441cc846063","documentId":"open-science-source-18","id":"c563","text":"Resource allocation and quality assurance should be organised in more distributed ways.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"","subject":"organisation of resource allocation and quality assurance","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"In our vision, resource allocation and quality assurance are organised in more distributed ways.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-18/c564","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/7886bf6ed9934435","nativeRecordCid":"26a45ed5-1570-4107-b380-e7d82d7e3238","documentId":"open-science-source-18","id":"c564","text":"Institutional funding is a main mechanism for funding allocation on the input side of the research system.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"institutional funding as a funding mechanism","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"As Figure 5 shows, in the current research system, the main mechanisms for funding allocation on the input side of the system are institutional funding and project funding.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-18/c565","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/011a9977f4b846f7","nativeRecordCid":"ebb0b688-d80d-47c5-b4c4-90fc38ab46bc","documentId":"open-science-source-18","id":"c565","text":"Project funding is a main mechanism for funding allocation on the input side of the research system.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"project funding as a funding mechanism","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"As Figure 5 shows, in the current research system, the main mechanisms for funding allocation on the input side of the system are institutional funding and project funding.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-18/c566","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/d99004b494934b1a","nativeRecordCid":"e1ba4d31-bbd2-4c21-8564-de0ff12c302a","documentId":"open-science-source-18","id":"c566","text":"Institutional funding is allocated by governments or research funders to research institutions.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"allocation of institutional funding","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Institutional funding is allocated by governments or research funders to research institutions.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-18/c567","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/9970a76516ad4231","nativeRecordCid":"00efb94f-1399-4bf7-b674-bd1cb4c472b0","documentId":"open-science-source-18","id":"c567","text":"Institutional funding is relatively stable.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"stability of institutional funding","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Institutional funding is relatively stable.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-18/c568","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/9b0e6787702d46a7","nativeRecordCid":"092d5fc9-dac5-4965-8cd0-9bb7c7223c81","documentId":"open-science-source-18","id":"c568","text":"Institutional funding parameters include the number of peer-reviewed research outputs, the number of students, and the number of degrees awarded by an institution.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"parameters of institutional funding","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"number of peer-reviewed research outputs produced by a research institution, the number of students of an institution, or the number of degrees awarded by an institution.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-18/c569","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/9bd0fa67f5584591","nativeRecordCid":"d6518e77-7353-4a5f-a4e5-0fb93af2f329","documentId":"open-science-source-18","id":"c569","text":"Some countries use peer review in institutional funding allocation.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"peer review in institutional funding","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Some countries also use peer review in institutional funding allocation.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-18/c570","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/dff2b88490654c6b","nativeRecordCid":"91e1aead-be84-44e8-9568-d4c0a619addf","documentId":"open-science-source-18","id":"c570","text":"The role of project funding has grown substantially in many countries over the past decades.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"growth of project funding","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Over the past decades, the role of project funding has grown substantially in many countries (Zacharewicz et al., 2023).","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-18/c571","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/ec0f28028673491f","nativeRecordCid":"67188ad9-710e-4d8d-a572-539b46ed263c","documentId":"open-science-source-18","id":"c571","text":"Project funding is allocated by research funders to individual researchers or research teams.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"allocation of project funding","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Project funding is allocated by research funders to individual researchers or research teams.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-18/c572","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/640a51f518d544c1","nativeRecordCid":"cd482442-a07d-48a4-a90d-d55b42d02f71","documentId":"open-science-source-18","id":"c572","text":"Researchers compete for project funding by submitting project proposals to research funders.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"competition for project funding","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Researchers compete for this funding by submitting project proposals to research funders.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-18/c573","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/fdb701bc35df4def","nativeRecordCid":"c09e2e0e-03a0-458e-9128-cb411bee09fd","documentId":"open-science-source-18","id":"c573","text":"Project funding enables researchers and research teams to carry out relatively small-scale time-limited research projects.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"effect of project funding","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Project funding enables researchers and research teams to carry out relatively small-scale time-limited research projects.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-18/c574","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/a54bd0160a6a4fc2","nativeRecordCid":"36a2f35b-ed2a-41c0-8a72-c800ca19b66b","documentId":"open-science-source-18","id":"c574","text":"Project funding offers much less stability than institutional funding.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"stability of project funding vs institutional funding","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"It offers much less stability than institutional funding.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-18/c575","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/e4e5110630964b8f","nativeRecordCid":"5544f260-10f0-452b-8248-38892e7252f8","documentId":"open-science-source-18","id":"c575","text":"Reliance on peer review to decide project funding is becoming increasingly unsustainable.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"sustainability of peer-review-based funding decisions","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"However, as discussed in Section 4.1, this way of working is becoming increasingly unsustainable.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-18/c576","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/536bf2aaf0f64c05","nativeRecordCid":"b1fbb52a-264f-45ea-973c-1407ec008961","documentId":"open-science-source-18","id":"c576","text":"Alternatives to traditional project funding mechanisms are needed.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"","subject":"alternatives to project funding","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"There is a need for alternatives to traditional project funding mechanisms.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-18/c577","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/fa3c776e20da4cb8","nativeRecordCid":"68f24bec-1b64-4a25-88c4-a5d3e4cfeb7d","documentId":"open-science-source-18","id":"c577","text":"Research funders should move from a primary role as facilitators of competitive project funding processes towards a role as 'system shapers' responsible for the allocation of strategic funding at higher levels in the research system, particularly at the level of research institutions and their internal units.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"research funders","subject":"role of research funders","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"We propose that research funders move from a primary role as facilitators of competitive project funding processes towards a role as ‘system shapers’ responsible for the allocation of strategic funding at higher levels in the research system, in particular at the level of research institutions and their internal units.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-18/c578","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/794272c69db94537","nativeRecordCid":"b6600038-581f-4a09-bc81-7c075926cf5b","documentId":"open-science-source-18","id":"c578","text":"The size of a conventional project funding grant is usually relatively small.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"size of conventional project grants","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The size of a grant usually is relatively small, and a grant typically covers a period of one to four years.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-18/c579","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/f5418bdbdf584c7d","nativeRecordCid":"254326f4-ae47-42bb-8b29-79c6d4b3e984","documentId":"open-science-source-18","id":"c579","text":"A conventional project funding grant typically covers a period of one to four years.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"duration of conventional project grants","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The size of a grant usually is relatively small, and a grant typically covers a period of one to four years.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-18/c580","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/ab1c704d102a481c","nativeRecordCid":"21f352b1-5edf-493b-bd97-b101dc9b126c","documentId":"open-science-source-18","id":"c580","text":"Funding should be allocated to research institutions or their internal units to support the development of large-scale strategic research initiatives.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"research funders","subject":"allocation of strategic funding","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"In contrast, we suggest that funding is allocated to research institutions or their internal units to support them in the development of large-scale strategic research initiatives.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-18/c581","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/29def3a937f0494d","nativeRecordCid":"dc2dbc5f-9612-4a9e-a447-03f030659f08","documentId":"open-science-source-18","id":"c581","text":"Strategic funding should focus on a limited number of large initiatives rather than a large number of relatively small projects.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"research funders","subject":"focus of strategic funding","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The focus is on funding a limited number of large initiatives rather than a large number of relatively small projects.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-18/c582","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/42ce5ea39b1d4ea9","nativeRecordCid":"b764d564-dec7-4932-b2a1-a765bef80ee7","documentId":"open-science-source-18","id":"c582","text":"Strategic funding should cover a longer period, such as six to ten years.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"research funders","subject":"duration of strategic funding","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"This strategic form of funding covers a longer period, for example six to ten years.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-18/c583","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/e36c07f2eb2a46df","nativeRecordCid":"9678311e-fd02-4a4a-bdea-d93e5e89716e","documentId":"open-science-source-18","id":"c583","text":"Research funders should play a central role in the research system by managing the process of setting system-wide strategic priorities.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"research funders","subject":"role of research funders in setting priorities","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Our proposal is that research funders play a central role in the research system by managing the process of setting system-wide strategic priorities and by competitively allocating funding to the research institutions best positioned to realise these priorities.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-18/c584","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/05bf75e6dc9c49f2","nativeRecordCid":"742d2dc4-cf7b-4601-a026-2ceafcc0eb0a","documentId":"open-science-source-18","id":"c584","text":"Research funders should competitively allocate funding to the research institutions best positioned to realise system-wide strategic priorities.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"research funders","subject":"allocation of strategic funding","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Our proposal is that research funders play a central role in the research system by managing the process of setting system-wide strategic priorities and by competitively allocating funding to the research institutions best positioned to realise these priorities.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-18/c585","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/849ed77c6cfd4830","nativeRecordCid":"cde83f9e-f68d-48e1-8e61-f026e9a150e3","documentId":"open-science-source-18","id":"c585","text":"Strategic funding, like traditional institutional funding, is allocated at the level of research institutions.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"level of strategic funding allocation","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Like traditional institutional funding, strategic funding is allocated at the level of research institutions.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-18/c586","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/abcb699ddda34e8a","nativeRecordCid":"eea2d3cc-172c-4e7b-a748-872180a988b5","documentId":"open-science-source-18","id":"c586","text":"Institutional funding typically involves only a limited degree of competition and little or no strategic steering, whereas strategic funding is more competitive and more closely tied to strategic goals.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"institutional funding versus strategic funding","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"However, while institutional funding typically involves only a limited degree of competition and little or no strategic steering, strategic funding is more competitive and more closely tied to strategic goals.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-18/c587","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/5e9151d979cc4f13","nativeRecordCid":"68ebd627-a414-4fa4-bc1f-25a7cd1b44fd","documentId":"open-science-source-18","id":"c587","text":"There are many ways in which strategic funding mechanisms can be set up.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"variety of strategic funding mechanisms","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"There are many ways in which strategic funding mechanisms can be set up.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-18/c588","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/5a36aae914124c05","nativeRecordCid":"b0fc6246-c107-4e53-8691-5ae03665f2f9","documentId":"open-science-source-18","id":"c588","text":"The German Excellence Strategy is a funding programme in Germany administered by the German Research Foundation (DFG) and the German Science and Humanities Council (Wissenschaftsrat).","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"German Excellence Strategy administration","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"This is a funding programme in Germany administered by the German Research Foundation (DFG) and the German Science and Humanities Council (Wissenschaftsrat).","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-18/c589","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/58cabb722e3f4aa5","nativeRecordCid":"040d9eb5-2ef2-4b06-8b59-1a18a0d89212","documentId":"open-science-source-18","id":"c589","text":"The German Excellence Strategy operates through two funding lines: Clusters of Excellence and Universities of Excellence.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"German Excellence Strategy funding lines","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"It operates through two funding lines: Clusters of Excellence and Universities of Excellence.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-18/c590","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/4209c06873aa437d","nativeRecordCid":"28e7972f-99ab-47da-b82b-b963b0c8a6a7","documentId":"open-science-source-18","id":"c590","text":"The Clusters of Excellence funding line promotes internationally competitive research fields at universities or in university consortia.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"Clusters of Excellence funding line","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The Clusters of Excellence funding line promotes “internationally competitive research fields at universities or in university consortia”.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-18/c591","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/b10941f62db2463d","nativeRecordCid":"c1dd5f9d-8dc1-4114-b013-d050906115c8","documentId":"open-science-source-18","id":"c591","text":"Clusters of Excellence are expected to be a key component of strategic and thematic planning at a university.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"Clusters of Excellence","subject":"Clusters of Excellence role at universities","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Clusters of Excellence are expected to be “a key component of strategic and thematic planning” at a university (DFG, 2022).","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-18/c592","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/964bd47117a64a5d","nativeRecordCid":"70781166-b2cf-4fe7-b56a-ec33e5641f4d","documentId":"open-science-source-18","id":"c592","text":"The Universities of Excellence funding line supports universities that have a long-term, sustainable institutional strategy helping to further position the institution or consortium.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"Universities of Excellence funding line","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The Universities of Excellence funding line supports universities that have “a long-term, sustainable institutional strategy helping to further position the institution or consortium”.","representedInStars":false}
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{"key":"open-science-source-18/c594","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/e7caa03246304b3e","nativeRecordCid":"bfd212ea-7008-48c9-8d79-17b3e0c1729d","documentId":"open-science-source-18","id":"c594","text":"The institutional strategy required under Universities of Excellence is expected to enable the university or consortium to expand its international top-level research position in the long term.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"institutional strategy (Universities of Excellence)","subject":"institutional strategy and international research position","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The institutional strategy is expected to “strengthen the individual university or the consortium as an institution and enable them respectively to expand their international top-level research position, visibility, and interconnectedness in the long term”.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-18/c595","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/c171731c03614634","nativeRecordCid":"75a8b697-b977-4cf0-ad13-25ee7281b88e","documentId":"open-science-source-18","id":"c595","text":"The institutional strategy required under Universities of Excellence is expected to enable the university or consortium to expand its visibility in the long term.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"institutional strategy (Universities of Excellence)","subject":"institutional strategy and visibility","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The institutional strategy is expected to “strengthen the individual university or the consortium as an institution and enable them respectively to expand their international top-level research position, visibility, and interconnectedness in the long term”.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-18/c596","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/4e2f095c811a4cc4","nativeRecordCid":"718c917b-2412-42a0-ad8f-366360a120b0","documentId":"open-science-source-18","id":"c596","text":"The institutional strategy required under Universities of Excellence is expected to enable the university or consortium to expand its interconnectedness in the long term.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"institutional strategy (Universities of Excellence)","subject":"institutional strategy and interconnectedness","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The institutional strategy is expected to “strengthen the individual university or the consortium as an institution and enable them respectively to expand their international top-level research position, visibility, and interconnectedness in the long term”.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-18/c597","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/d6c910b0a851400f","nativeRecordCid":"d0559ef3-c8e4-4d51-bad8-41e54a502297","documentId":"open-science-source-18","id":"c597","text":"Universities applying to the Universities of Excellence funding line need to demonstrate the presence of effective structures and processes for governance and higher education management.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"Universities (Universities of Excellence)","subject":"governance and management structures","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Universities also need to demonstrate “the presence of effective structures and processes for governance and higher education management” (WR, 2024).","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-18/c598","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/403e3f5513e047d7","nativeRecordCid":"d42820bd-8148-473f-9463-060d4d25315b","documentId":"open-science-source-18","id":"c598","text":"In both funding lines of the German Excellence Strategy, universities compete for funding for a period of seven years.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"German Excellence Strategy funding competition","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"In both funding lines, universities compete for funding for a period of seven years.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-18/c599","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/3b190bf6266642a6","nativeRecordCid":"37e856ff-c3de-47e8-a71e-b3ad6c1c23da","documentId":"open-science-source-18","id":"c599","text":"Proposals for funding under the German Excellence Strategy are reviewed by panels of experts.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"German Excellence Strategy proposal review","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Proposals for funding are reviewed by panels of experts.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-18/c600","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/d1d137826aef4358","nativeRecordCid":"873a7c34-a3cf-4039-9808-d7ccf58f0569","documentId":"open-science-source-18","id":"c600","text":"There is considerable debate in Germany about the Excellence Strategy and its future development.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"debate about German Excellence Strategy","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"It should be noted that there is considerable debate in Germany about the Excellence Strategy and its future development (Kaldewey, 2026).","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-18/c601","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/1635979e9aa049d7","nativeRecordCid":"68c19061-146d-4765-aba5-59ea7e525bd4","documentId":"open-science-source-18","id":"c601","text":"The burden the Excellence Strategy puts on applicants for funding is a key element of the debate about its future development.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"burden on Excellence Strategy applicants","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"A key element in this discussion is the burden the Excellence Strategy puts on applicants for funding.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-18/c602","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/63ea51cb377b4164","nativeRecordCid":"9b3e2c32-86d7-49a7-bd73-2e15e2431ab5","documentId":"open-science-source-18","id":"c602","text":"In the proposed model, research funders should substantially augment their role as system shapers.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"research funders","subject":"research funders' role as system shapers","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"In our proposal, research funders substantially augment their role as system shapers.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-18/c603","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/e35f092438e54b5a","nativeRecordCid":"f8e0fee1-11a3-40b9-98db-cb0167ff9891","documentId":"open-science-source-18","id":"c603","text":"Most research funders already possess a great deal of system intelligence and networks.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"research funders' system intelligence and networks","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Already, most research funders possess a great deal of system intelligence and networks.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-18/c604","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/18d43ebd0d75454d","nativeRecordCid":"bf41a6d5-e0be-434c-bbdf-e72dd0ee400e","documentId":"open-science-source-18","id":"c604","text":"Research funders should draw more actively on their system intelligence and networks to understand the needs of the research system, determine strategic priorities, and allocate funding accordingly.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"research funders","subject":"use of system intelligence and networks","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"We propose they draw more actively on these to understand the needs of the research system, to determine strategic priorities, and to allocate funding accordingly.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-18/c605","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/e3e2e5cb36794987","nativeRecordCid":"76593f3e-2e15-4c99-be0b-00e70ebd34b6","documentId":"open-science-source-18","id":"c605","text":"Strategic priorities should reflect the needs of the research system.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"","subject":"strategic priorities and research system needs","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Strategic priorities should reflect the needs of the research system, the expectations of society, and the opportunities offered by new scientific and technological developments.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-18/c606","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/731911647bdd4c6b","nativeRecordCid":"67d50760-2324-47f1-8509-105f5a5f74a9","documentId":"open-science-source-18","id":"c606","text":"Strategic priorities should reflect the expectations of society.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"","subject":"strategic priorities and societal expectations","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Strategic priorities should reflect the needs of the research system, the expectations of society, and the opportunities offered by new scientific and technological developments.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-18/c607","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/daa1df1377ba4510","nativeRecordCid":"ae2be554-123d-4bbf-82d3-7ed8a5a7d003","documentId":"open-science-source-18","id":"c607","text":"Strategic priorities should reflect the opportunities offered by new scientific and technological developments.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"","subject":"strategic priorities and new developments","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Strategic priorities should reflect the needs of the research system, the expectations of society, and the opportunities offered by new scientific and technological developments.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-18/c608","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/7eb8fcd2c6904f43","nativeRecordCid":"bce87a77-521f-4c58-bd63-77f9fcc66110","documentId":"open-science-source-18","id":"c608","text":"Research funders should play the crucial role of managing the process through which strategic priorities are set.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"research funders","subject":"managing strategic priority setting","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"the crucial role of managing the process through which strategic priorities are set, where they need to ensure a healthy balance between the interests of different scientific and societal stakeholders while safeguarding an appropriate level of autonomy for the research system (to reflect, for instance, the Haldane Principle in the UK).","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-18/c609","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/11b666bc6b444249","nativeRecordCid":"e0917f0a-4b23-4fc6-9407-fec177843167","documentId":"open-science-source-18","id":"c609","text":"In managing the process of setting strategic priorities, research funders need to ensure a healthy balance between the interests of different scientific and societal stakeholders.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"research funders","subject":"balance between stakeholder interests","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"the crucial role of managing the process through which strategic priorities are set, where they need to ensure a healthy balance between the interests of different scientific and societal stakeholders while safeguarding an appropriate level of autonomy for the research system (to reflect, for instance, the Haldane Principle in the UK).","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-18/c610","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/3edbbc87473c49a9","nativeRecordCid":"9160f8d8-e4fd-4177-b34a-ff3aa01b1cd0","documentId":"open-science-source-18","id":"c610","text":"In managing the process of setting strategic priorities, research funders need to safeguard an appropriate level of autonomy for the research system.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"research funders","subject":"autonomy of the research system","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"the crucial role of managing the process through which strategic priorities are set, where they need to ensure a healthy balance between the interests of different scientific and societal stakeholders while safeguarding an appropriate level of autonomy for the research system (to reflect, for instance, the Haldane Principle in the UK).","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-18/c611","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/1e54a817250e4ac3","nativeRecordCid":"4e1c55d2-e82c-4961-b31b-46fb8f93b045","documentId":"open-science-source-18","id":"c611","text":"Having well-resourced, high-quality, expertly-equipped and staffed institutions in the social sciences, arts and humanities can be a strategic priority just as much as setting up new labs for cutting-edge biotechnology research.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"SSH institutions as strategic priority","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Importantly, having well-resourced, high-quality, expertlyequipped and staffed institutions in the social sciences, arts and humanities can be a strategic priority just as much as setting up new labs for cutting-edge biotechnology research.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-18/c612","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/77b5f3d975e94832","nativeRecordCid":"27cb541f-b6ec-4e60-9703-497b6df23e67","documentId":"open-science-source-18","id":"c612","text":"Research funders may make greater use of data on the research landscape, potentially monitoring upcoming trends and suboptimal resource distributions.","kind":"normative","modality":"may","actor":"research funders","subject":"use of research landscape data","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"In our proposal, research funders may make greater use of data on the research landscape, potentially monitoring upcoming trends and suboptimal resource distributions.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-18/c613","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/08839b437c084c2c","nativeRecordCid":"7d161cbf-59bf-45fe-8297-d2e6ce65ef8f","documentId":"open-science-source-18","id":"c613","text":"Funders may rely on the latest developments in data science and AI to monitor the entire research system, perhaps in real time, offering the ability to intervene rapidly where needed.","kind":"normative","modality":"may","actor":"funders","subject":"use of AI and data science for system monitoring","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"In the spirit of the idea of ‘AI-native’ funding organisations posited by Rees and Wilsdon (2026), funders may rely on the latest developments in data science and AI to monitor the entire research system, perhaps even in a realtime manner, offering the ability to intervene rapidly where there is a need to do so.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-18/c614","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/15d9f7ceff684270","nativeRecordCid":"5f7d49ba-5bd1-4a53-8499-38a061a006e1","documentId":"open-science-source-18","id":"c614","text":"It is important to remain critical of AI and data-science technologies used for system monitoring and realistic about their limitations.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"","subject":"critical stance toward monitoring technologies","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"While making full use of the possibilities now available, it will at the same time be important to remain critical of these technologies and realistic about their limitations.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-18/c615","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/2c3691f51ffb4b20","nativeRecordCid":"49f49de9-a020-4796-9cbc-5b764650f314","documentId":"open-science-source-18","id":"c615","text":"The personnel and networks of research funders would assume a critical role in the proposed model.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"personnel and networks of research funders","subject":"role of funders' personnel and networks","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Likewise, the personnel and networks of research funders would assume a critical role.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-18/c616","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/f4b1a14c41a243e1","nativeRecordCid":"9b03fb46-82c8-41e8-b79a-891469217dd5","documentId":"open-science-source-18","id":"c616","text":"Expert groups and stakeholder panels could be drawn on for strategic deliberation of funding gaps, future needs and overall system coherence, to ensure strategic priorities are set in a well-informed, balanced manner.","kind":"normative","modality":"may","actor":"research funders","subject":"use of expert groups and stakeholder panels","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Expert groups and stakeholder panels could be drawn on for strategic deliberation of funding gaps, future needs and overall system coherence, ensuring strategic priorities are set in a well-informed balanced manner.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-18/c617","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/99d7b005867b48d2","nativeRecordCid":"dfd30a38-2ab8-4ffc-951f-3f4d304c9d05","documentId":"open-science-source-18","id":"c617","text":"Depending on composition, task forces set up by research funders may be especially helpful in launching and strengthening newly emergent inter- and transdisciplinary areas of research.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"task forces and interdisciplinary research areas","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Depending on composition, such task forces may also be especially helpful in launching and strengthening newly emergent inter- and transdisciplinary areas of research.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-18/c618","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/4017ad90f35f400d","nativeRecordCid":"6844775a-d8b2-4dcf-a66d-2aac58fd818d","documentId":"open-science-source-18","id":"c618","text":"Research funders should engage far more closely with research institutions and other research units, understanding their strengths, strategic ambitions, and what they are able to contribute to a flourishing research landscape.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"research funders","subject":"engagement with research institutions and units","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Throughout our proposed approach, research funders would engage far more closely with research institutions and other research units, understanding the strengths and strategic ambitions of research units, and what a research unit is mostly able to contribute to a flourishing research landscape.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-18/c619","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/7712469e5bdd458d","nativeRecordCid":"9df33478-1ab9-4b46-b24c-3108997eca25","documentId":"open-science-source-18","id":"c619","text":"In the proposed model, the main relationship should be between research funders and the larger research units within which individual researchers are situated, rather than a direct link between research funders and individual researchers.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"research funders","subject":"primary relationship in funding system","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Rather than emphasising a direct link between research funders and individual researchers (via the current project funding system), the main relationship is between research funders and the larger research units within which individual researchers are situated – which naturally changes what is evaluated and how.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-18/c620","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/2c4fa0f3080147ac","nativeRecordCid":"b3843cea-541b-4e0d-9b24-89f841e7893a","documentId":"open-science-source-18","id":"c620","text":"This shift in the main relationship between research funders and research units changes what is evaluated and how.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"effect of relationship shift on evaluation","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Rather than emphasising a direct link between research funders and individual researchers (via the current project funding system), the main relationship is between research funders and the larger research units within which individual researchers are situated – which naturally changes what is evaluated and how.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-18/c621","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/215679e22b754550","nativeRecordCid":"b4d9d340-d925-4dca-832c-2f2cc6d72d8e","documentId":"open-science-source-18","id":"c621","text":"The proposed model will inevitably take different shapes in different funders' national contexts, depending on the historically evolved distribution of roles and responsibilities between research funders, research institutions and other national actors.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"proposed model and national context","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The proposed model will inevitably take different shapes in different funders’ national contexts, depending for instance on the historically evolved distribution of roles and responsibilities between research funders, research institutions and other actors in the national system.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-18/c622","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/ce43f88a6e8749c2","nativeRecordCid":"e06b65fd-1790-4b2a-9ca5-4afc061172d0","documentId":"open-science-source-18","id":"c622","text":"Countries with existing mechanisms of institutional funding allocation may be able to partly pivot these towards more strategic forms of allocation.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"countries with existing institutional funding mechanisms","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Countries with existing mechanisms of institutional funding allocation may be able to partly pivot these towards more strategic forms of allocation.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-18/c623","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/01632b205abc452a","nativeRecordCid":"95268d41-d0bf-43ef-a4bc-5322c8145237","documentId":"open-science-source-18","id":"c623","text":"In countries without existing institutional funding allocation systems, funding allocation may continue to look more like a grant-based approach.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"funding allocation in countries without institutional systems","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"In countries without such systems, funding allocation may continue to look more like a grant-based approach, though grants will not be person- or project-centred but will instead be attached to broader strategic initiatives at the level of research institutions and other research units.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-18/c624","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/9ddd76970da1409f","nativeRecordCid":"249662f7-5f69-447e-b003-d6f18965f318","documentId":"open-science-source-18","id":"c624","text":"In the proposed model, grants will not be person- or project-centred but will instead be attached to broader strategic initiatives at the level of research institutions and other research units.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"nature of grants in proposed model","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"In countries without such systems, funding allocation may continue to look more like a grant-based approach, though grants will not be person- or project-centred but will instead be attached to broader strategic initiatives at the level of research institutions and other research units.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-18/c625","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/d701ed2ba96b4084","nativeRecordCid":"f5e30bc8-c554-4c14-b7f9-aaed4b16a1df","documentId":"open-science-source-18","id":"c625","text":"Due to relative autonomy of regions, federated countries such as Germany, Switzerland, Canada, and the United States tend not to have comprehensive national institutional funding systems.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"federated countries and national funding systems","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Due to relative autonomy of regions, federated countries such as Germany, Switzerland, Canada, and the United States tend not to have comprehensive national institutional funding systems.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-18/c626","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/9fb579778fdc4f98","nativeRecordCid":"08e35a59-d3ed-4378-9a13-684230c45ff0","documentId":"open-science-source-18","id":"c626","text":"In federated countries, regional particularities and needs, as well as overall balance among regions or states, will factor into how exactly funding allocation occurs.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"regional particularities and funding allocation","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"In these countries, regional particularities and needs, as well as overall balance among regions/ states, will factor into how exactly funding allocation occurs.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-18/c627","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/9cb1bef18743401f","nativeRecordCid":"6b1fbb12-fdb2-47fd-995c-cf04ff4263a2","documentId":"open-science-source-18","id":"c627","text":"National particularities are extremely important in shaping how research funding systems operate.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"national particularities in funding systems","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"These national particularities are extremely important, and so we do not prescribe here an exact ‘blueprint’ for what research funding systems of the future might look like.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-18/c628","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/7b62239136264dd9","nativeRecordCid":"ff4e5ecf-60b8-4151-9926-f5dce5d5ff82","documentId":"open-science-source-18","id":"c628","text":"The overriding principle is that research funders should allocate funding for strategic research initiatives to larger research-performing entities.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"research funders","subject":"allocation of strategic funding to research-performing entities","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"But the overriding principle is that research funders allocate funding for strategic research initiatives to larger research-performing entities, which then decide mostly in an autonomous way how they use this funding, for example to employ researchers.","representedInStars":false}
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{"key":"open-science-source-18/c639","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/78d7b9f561a34650","nativeRecordCid":"2cf14830-f919-4506-a760-59d26f8d58e5","documentId":"open-science-source-18","id":"c639","text":"Proposals submitted to the Gravitation programme are evaluated by an international expert committee consisting of senior researchers from various countries and disciplines.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"Gravitation programme proposal evaluation","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Proposals submitted to the Gravitation programme are evaluated by an international expert committee consisting of senior researchers from various countries and disciplines.","representedInStars":false}
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{"key":"open-science-source-18/c654","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/2fae000797834806","nativeRecordCid":"d76935ca-2a5d-4f59-9ac0-acc8e68757a8","documentId":"open-science-source-18","id":"c654","text":"At the meso level, research institutions should use various forms of peer review to decide how to internally allocate the funding they have received.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"research institutions","subject":"meso-level peer review organisation","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"At the meso level, research institutions use various forms of peer review to decide how to internally allocate the funding they have received.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-18/c655","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/46f739503ed34beb","nativeRecordCid":"fd0e54ec-dcf6-465d-b316-862376d782c9","documentId":"open-science-source-18","id":"c655","text":"Peer review at the meso level is different from peer review organised by research funders.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"meso-level peer review vs funder-organised peer review","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"This is different from peer review organised by research funders.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-18/c656","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/b6dda2e62c844913","nativeRecordCid":"86e8fba3-74d4-4170-b2e9-4370c5ac592b","documentId":"open-science-source-18","id":"c656","text":"Research institutions seek to understand the expertise and suitability of their research staff.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"research institutions","subject":"understanding research staff expertise","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Research institutions seek to understand the expertise and suitability of their research staff, and how to make best use of them to optimise the outcomes agreed as part of the funding they have received (e.g., academic, societal, economic, and cultural outcomes, as appropriate).","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-18/c657","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/4852eea93d5e409f","nativeRecordCid":"25ebf3a4-ba3b-4027-a629-626070730a7a","documentId":"open-science-source-18","id":"c657","text":"Research institutions seek to make best use of their research staff to optimise the outcomes agreed as part of the funding they have received, such as academic, societal, economic, and cultural outcomes.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"research institutions","subject":"optimising outcomes from staff","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Research institutions seek to understand the expertise and suitability of their research staff, and how to make best use of them to optimise the outcomes agreed as part of the funding they have received (e.g., academic, societal, economic, and cultural outcomes, as appropriate).","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-18/c658","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/b09b22d0fd184089","nativeRecordCid":"d6668fa8-04f7-44df-a66a-7ca745c47886","documentId":"open-science-source-18","id":"c658","text":"At the meso level, reviewers need detailed knowledge of the academic and management skills required for the activities that an institution or internal unit is funded to carry out.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"reviewers (meso level)","subject":"meso-level reviewer knowledge","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"At this level, reviewers need detailed knowledge of the academic and management skills required for the activities that an institution, or an internal unit within an institution, is funded to carry out.","representedInStars":false}
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{"key":"open-science-source-18/c660","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/9428c8a0d27e4a59","nativeRecordCid":"6a228d29-acad-4869-977d-1dcbc7240998","documentId":"open-science-source-18","id":"c660","text":"At the micro level, evaluations should prioritise cultural and thematic fit and overall contribution to the goals of the unit rather than traditional parameters such as grant income and publication counts.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"internal units","subject":"evaluation criteria at micro level","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Evaluations prioritise cultural and thematic fit and overall contribution to the goals of the unit rather than traditional parameters such as grant income and publication counts.","representedInStars":true}
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{"key":"open-science-source-18/c664","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/24d32262ffed4203","nativeRecordCid":"373293d0-bc88-4b84-926f-b75fdca93400","documentId":"open-science-source-18","id":"c664","text":"At each of the macro, meso and micro levels, principles of responsible research assessment advocated by initiatives like DORA and CoARA are of critical importance.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"importance of DORA/CoARA principles","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"At each of these levels, principles of responsible research assessment advocated by initiatives like the Declaration on Research Assessment (DORA) and the Coalition for Advancing Research Assessment (CoARA) are of critical importance, and more specific principles may need to be developed for each level.","representedInStars":false}
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{"key":"open-science-source-18/c666","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/f50cd4f4ed51469c","nativeRecordCid":"19508bc2-a6a6-4cbc-a1f8-03acf2625578","documentId":"open-science-source-18","id":"c666","text":"A layered approach to resource allocation turns peer review into a more meaningful and more engaging activity.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"effect of layered approach on peer review","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"A layered approach to resource allocation turns peer review into a more meaningful and more engaging activity.","representedInStars":false}
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{"key":"open-science-source-18/c668","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/9a9d19fa0e664f54","nativeRecordCid":"1d73bb38-5d70-470d-9cd4-a80823c43000","documentId":"open-science-source-18","id":"c668","text":"Researchers can serve as reviewer in settings in which they have a direct interest themselves.","kind":"normative","modality":"may","actor":"researchers","subject":"reviewing in settings of direct interest","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Researchers should perform peer review at the layer that best aligns with their skills and expertise, and they can serve as reviewer in settings in which they have a direct interest themselves (e.g., staff of a research institution have an interest in making good decisions in hiring processes).","representedInStars":false}
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{"key":"open-science-source-18/c671","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/4c529350756d480f","nativeRecordCid":"6b1e60b0-8635-4b84-bfe1-f388007ed71f","documentId":"open-science-source-18","id":"c671","text":"The layered approach offers valuable opportunities to use peer review as an instrument for resource allocation.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"layered approach and resource allocation","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The layered approach we propose offers valuable opportunities to use peer review not only as an instrument for resource allocation but also as a tool for strategic learning by research institutions and their internal units.","representedInStars":false}
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{"key":"open-science-source-18/c675","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/a3ccd22e17da44b4","nativeRecordCid":"751856fd-3ba7-4d18-a674-08436295783e","documentId":"open-science-source-18","id":"c675","text":"The output side of the research system is currently based on a model in which peer review is seen as the key instrument to guarantee the quality of research outputs.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"current output-side quality control model","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"As Figure 5 shows, the output side of the research system is currently based on a model in which peer review is seen as the key instrument to guarantee the quality of research outputs.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-18/c676","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/27325651f290456b","nativeRecordCid":"ff32fcd1-f30e-4942-9b9c-632a414d450c","documentId":"open-science-source-18","id":"c676","text":"Scientific journals and other publication channels are expected to publish only research outputs that reviewers consider to be of good quality.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"publication channels' quality expectations","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Scientific journals and other publication channels are expected to publish only research outputs that reviewers consider to be of good quality.","representedInStars":false}
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{"key":"open-science-source-18/c678","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/340dacfc04fc4d89","nativeRecordCid":"159f035e-99a4-4388-8165-e4d9c00257e3","documentId":"open-science-source-18","id":"c678","text":"The research system is increasingly reaching the limits of the peer-review-based quality control model.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"limits of current quality-control model","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"However, the research system is increasingly reaching the limits of this model.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-18/c679","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/f796f2ee219d4858","nativeRecordCid":"05ed5ee6-34f2-4ee3-abe4-06940cac1b01","documentId":"open-science-source-18","id":"c679","text":"The number of research outputs being produced continues to grow, partly as a result of questionable publish-or-perish imperatives.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"growth in research outputs","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"As discussed in Section 4.1, the number of research outputs being produced continues to grow, partly as a result of questionable publish-or-perish imperatives, and developments in AI will only further exacerbate this trend.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-18/c680","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/f4076e857864437f","nativeRecordCid":"238fa202-46b8-4a2a-9d9f-9e94d9517e71","documentId":"open-science-source-18","id":"c680","text":"Developments in AI will further exacerbate the trend of growth in the number of research outputs being produced.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"AI and growth in research outputs","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"As discussed in Section 4.1, the number of research outputs being produced continues to grow, partly as a result of questionable publish-or-perish imperatives, and developments in AI will only further exacerbate this trend.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-18/c681","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/6cd2dac8923b47e2","nativeRecordCid":"771f5d30-d115-4d65-93bc-aeabc5779457","documentId":"open-science-source-18","id":"c681","text":"Despite the huge amount of time that researchers invest in peer review, there is insufficient peer review capacity to properly evaluate all research outputs.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"peer review capacity","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Despite the huge amount of time that researchers invest in peer review, there is insufficient peer review capacity to properly evaluate all research outputs.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-18/c682","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/8ac257e361624e4d","nativeRecordCid":"5f774b86-853c-4fb4-ad6b-7b3bb5291eba","documentId":"open-science-source-18","id":"c682","text":"As the peer review capacity problem intensifies, there is a growing risk that many outputs published in scientific journals and other publication channels may provide unreliable information.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"risk of unreliable published outputs","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"As this capacity problem intensifies, there is a growing risk that many outputs published in scientific journals and other publication channels may provide unreliable information.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-18/c683","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/c5d3e14415234c68","nativeRecordCid":"f6618b00-0b50-4f4d-a052-fe2845b353b3","documentId":"open-science-source-18","id":"c683","text":"The ever-increasing complexity of research, with a growing emphasis on inter- and transdisciplinary work, amplifies the challenges in peer review even more.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"research complexity and peer review challenges","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"complexity of research, with a growing emphasis on inter- and transdisciplinary work, amplifies the challenges in peer review even more.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-18/c684","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/3563d20ed8d8407a","nativeRecordCid":"ef8d66d5-0fed-40cf-8146-9c074e680398","documentId":"open-science-source-18","id":"c684","text":"The model of quality control through peer review at the level of individual research outputs is not sustainable.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"sustainability of individual-output quality control","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"In light of these problems, and the associated risks for trust in science, the model of quality control through peer review at the level of individual research outputs is not sustainable.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-18/c685","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/a0e4eb333e9047e4","nativeRecordCid":"4c9083dd-d4aa-43a2-9f7c-e63493ca823d","documentId":"open-science-source-18","id":"c685","text":"Alternative approaches to quality assurance of research outputs are needed.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"","subject":"alternative approaches to quality assurance","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Alternative approaches to quality assurance of research outputs are needed.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-18/c686","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/ceaa4871d22147e6","nativeRecordCid":"9603e6d5-85bd-4f7f-aca4-f42e5fae3cbb","documentId":"open-science-source-18","id":"c686","text":"The proposed layered approach moves away from the norm that all research outputs must be peer-reviewed.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"layered approach and peer-review norm","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"approach moves away from the norm that all research outputs must be peer-reviewed (Heesen & Bright, 2021).","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-18/c687","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/7885d57400aa4419","nativeRecordCid":"352f04a4-00e2-48be-8587-23764cca47c1","documentId":"open-science-source-18","id":"c687","text":"The proposed alternative to peer review comprises trust markers.","kind":"definitional","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"components of alternative to peer review","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"As an alternative to peer review, a combination of three mechanisms is introduced: trust markers, peer engagement, and evidence synthesis.","representedInStars":false}
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{"key":"open-science-source-18/c689","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/033c94439e4b4e41","nativeRecordCid":"b7ebe804-4a8a-496b-b809-c3b1f456b130","documentId":"open-science-source-18","id":"c689","text":"The proposed alternative to peer review comprises evidence synthesis.","kind":"definitional","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"components of alternative to peer review","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"As an alternative to peer review, a combination of three mechanisms is introduced: trust markers, peer engagement, and evidence synthesis.","representedInStars":false}
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{"key":"open-science-source-18/c691","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/9208626e57f940b3","nativeRecordCid":"6eb4ca47-dec0-4224-8d8e-bfd1b2213ce6","documentId":"open-science-source-18","id":"c691","text":"Different research outputs may undergo different levels of quality assurance, partly depending on their relevance to research communities and to societal stakeholders such as policymakers, medical professionals, and citizens.","kind":"normative","modality":"may","actor":"","subject":"levels of quality assurance for research outputs","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Instead, different research outputs may undergo different levels of quality assurance, partly depending on their relevance to research communities and to societal stakeholders such as policymakers, medical professionals, and citizens.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-18/c692","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/b68dae735dd944c2","nativeRecordCid":"5d92658b-5573-4b0a-a1f5-e4f813522c55","documentId":"open-science-source-18","id":"c692","text":"Quality checks used for trust markers are less resource-demanding than full-blown peer review.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"resource demand of quality checks vs peer review","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"While these quality checks are less resource-demanding than full-blown peer review, they can still be resource-intensive, and many of these checks will be more relevant for some research outputs than for others.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-18/c693","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/0a1c9e1090ec4674","nativeRecordCid":"ebf18d9f-2832-4ff7-8cc0-3f8a3d2ff925","documentId":"open-science-source-18","id":"c693","text":"Quality checks used for trust markers can still be resource-intensive.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"resource intensity of quality checks","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"While these quality checks are less resource-demanding than full-blown peer review, they can still be resource-intensive, and many of these checks will be more relevant for some research outputs than for others.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-18/c694","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/f11eb043b6124eb4","nativeRecordCid":"79cf6040-0df6-4470-adb5-108e992b71b1","documentId":"open-science-source-18","id":"c694","text":"Many quality checks used for trust markers will be more relevant for some research outputs than for others.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"relevance of quality checks across outputs","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"While these quality checks are less resource-demanding than full-blown peer review, they can still be resource-intensive, and many of these checks will be more relevant for some research outputs than for others.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-18/c695","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/df24454c85ee4b35","nativeRecordCid":"7807e953-2a2d-4b9a-8a4c-9bc2939a605b","documentId":"open-science-source-18","id":"c695","text":"There is no expectation that each research output must undergo all quality checks.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"expectation to undergo all quality checks","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"For these reasons, there is no expectation that each research output must undergo all quality checks.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-18/c696","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/893a1f67df1a4949","nativeRecordCid":"41942d85-b8be-4067-b2e8-f623061ad122","documentId":"open-science-source-18","id":"c696","text":"It is important to know which quality checks a research output has, or has not, undergone.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"","subject":"knowledge of a research output's quality checks","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"However, it is important to know which quality checks a research output has, or has not, undergone.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-18/c697","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/96522f4f4ac14dbe","nativeRecordCid":"9850b73a-9739-4092-9c2e-dccccbbc83f3","documentId":"open-science-source-18","id":"c697","text":"Trust markers are used to keep track of which quality checks a research output has undergone.","kind":"definitional","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"role of trust markers","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Trust markers are used to keep track of this.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-18/c698","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/a3a8485e42314f27","nativeRecordCid":"63ee7f6b-874e-4fa8-b683-4a3a7fe75582","documentId":"open-science-source-18","id":"c698","text":"The importance of trust markers is increasingly being recognised.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"recognition of trust markers' importance","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The importance of trust markers is increasingly being recognised, and standards for trust markers are currently being developed in a working group of the National Information Standards Organization (NISO).","representedInStars":false}
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{"key":"open-science-source-18/c700","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/9563f14685694f90","nativeRecordCid":"d2ae3645-27de-48c9-bf0d-83e74886f22e","documentId":"open-science-source-18","id":"c700","text":"Instead of relying on a uniform model of peer review, publication infrastructures need to facilitate diverse ways in which researchers can engage with each other's research outputs.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"publication infrastructures","subject":"facilitating diverse peer engagement","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Instead of relying on a uniform model of peer review, publication infrastructures need to facilitate diverse ways in which researchers can engage with each other’s research outputs","representedInStars":true}
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{"key":"open-science-source-18/c702","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/2a78e96a7fe54611","nativeRecordCid":"214ea334-d492-49cf-9b40-63d52dee3dd8","documentId":"open-science-source-18","id":"c702","text":"Peer engagement typically happens in a transparent, open way after publication of a research output.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"transparency of peer engagement","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"In contrast, peer engagement can take place at any point in time, typically happens in a transparent open way after publication of a research output, enables any researcher to participate, and offers much more space for interaction and dialogue.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-18/c703","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/c20665dd75d34d37","nativeRecordCid":"2e83cd74-b6a3-4f45-9440-ece33c8d6737","documentId":"open-science-source-18","id":"c703","text":"Peer engagement enables any researcher to participate.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"participation in peer engagement","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"In contrast, peer engagement can take place at any point in time, typically happens in a transparent open way after publication of a research output, enables any researcher to participate, and offers much more space for interaction and dialogue.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-18/c704","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/5cf2754948da4ee4","nativeRecordCid":"2a1bac83-20fc-4657-be06-26dd9b6902c9","documentId":"open-science-source-18","id":"c704","text":"Peer engagement offers much more space for interaction and dialogue than peer review.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"interaction in peer engagement","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"In contrast, peer engagement can take place at any point in time, typically happens in a transparent open way after publication of a research output, enables any researcher to participate, and offers much more space for interaction and dialogue.","representedInStars":false}
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{"key":"open-science-source-18/c706","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/4fb92058108d4e68","nativeRecordCid":"6fdbc4fd-5116-49ae-9446-5604207a218a","documentId":"open-science-source-18","id":"c706","text":"Infrastructures that facilitate peer engagement are highly fragmented.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"fragmentation of peer engagement infrastructures","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"However, infrastructures that facilitate peer engagement are highly fragmented.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-18/c707","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/352c4f8cc47d4ece","nativeRecordCid":"481a9443-2159-4b42-a011-f6c24eec645c","documentId":"open-science-source-18","id":"c707","text":"Infrastructures that facilitate peer engagement need to be strengthened.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"","subject":"strengthening peer engagement infrastructures","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"These infrastructures need to be strengthened and their interoperability needs to be improved.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-18/c708","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/e1e3d5c477e74833","nativeRecordCid":"dfeba759-f6a7-4ea4-9e41-e34c1be7c564","documentId":"open-science-source-18","id":"c708","text":"The interoperability of infrastructures that facilitate peer engagement needs to be improved.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"","subject":"interoperability of peer engagement infrastructures","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"These infrastructures need to be strengthened and their interoperability needs to be improved.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-18/c709","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/529d3f75ddd04909","nativeRecordCid":"1e050809-3da1-4d4b-ac37-6f3b6f4930f1","documentId":"open-science-source-18","id":"c709","text":"Peer engagement needs to be recognised as a crucial element in quality assurance of research outputs, rather than being seen as an optional add-on to traditional peer review.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"","subject":"recognition of peer engagement in quality assurance","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Also, peer engagement needs to be recognised as a crucial element in quality assurance of research outputs, rather than being seen as an optional add-on to traditional peer review.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-18/c710","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/b2b4b71c107e4ef7","nativeRecordCid":"6d4beb88-8b11-4708-965f-3436c00ba472","documentId":"open-science-source-18","id":"c710","text":"Researchers engage with each other's work in a large variety of ways.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"peer engagement forms","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Researchers engage with each other’s work in a large variety of ways.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-18/c711","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/b7e390cf7e6747f0","nativeRecordCid":"315e9ae0-a134-4189-87c9-d5d696b62ded","documentId":"open-science-source-18","id":"c711","text":"Research articles are a formal form of peer engagement in which researchers indicate how their research builds on, corroborates, extends, questions, or disproves earlier work.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"research articles as peer engagement","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Formal forms of peer engagement can be found in research articles, in which researchers indicate how their research builds on earlier work done by other researchers and how it corroborates and extends this work, but also how it questions or disproves this work.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-18/c712","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/78f5eddde52d419b","nativeRecordCid":"a22c3531-f36f-4db1-b1b7-7b20c677204e","documentId":"open-science-source-18","id":"c712","text":"Letters to the editor are a formal form of peer engagement in which researchers comment on articles published in a journal.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"letters to the editor","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Another formal form of peer engagement are ‘letters to the editor’ in which researchers comment on articles published in a journal.","representedInStars":false}
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{"key":"open-science-source-18/c716","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/fc3ab1f3a1d8404b","nativeRecordCid":"a6f96924-f0a8-4b1d-af14-f27152a2b9f0","documentId":"open-science-source-18","id":"c716","text":"Peer engagement contributes to quality assurance of research outputs through open dialogues between researchers.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"peer engagement","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Peer engagement contributes to quality assurance of research outputs through open dialogues between researchers.","representedInStars":false}
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{"key":"open-science-source-18/c718","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/70b5425a677e4b6d","nativeRecordCid":"479aaac0-8419-456d-b7d5-3054148f0054","documentId":"open-science-source-18","id":"c718","text":"Peer engagement fosters mutual learning.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"peer engagement","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"It provides room for diverse perspectives and fosters mutual learning.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-18/c719","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/eeab61e3968b490d","nativeRecordCid":"83c2328a-5d5d-4edd-91f5-825ade2444f3","documentId":"open-science-source-18","id":"c719","text":"Traditional peer review is a closed process that offers room only for the perspectives of a small number of invited reviewers.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"traditional peer review","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"This contrasts with traditional peer review, which is a closed process that offers room only for the perspectives of a small number of invited reviewers and that is focused primarily on certification of research outputs rather than learning.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-18/c720","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/a91e01e584044d24","nativeRecordCid":"bc32e2dd-1e07-4409-8aa1-c277f2121ed3","documentId":"open-science-source-18","id":"c720","text":"Traditional peer review is focused primarily on certification of research outputs rather than learning.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"traditional peer review","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"This contrasts with traditional peer review, which is a closed process that offers room only for the perspectives of a small number of invited reviewers and that is focused primarily on certification of research outputs rather than learning.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-18/c721","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/0ff570f8a3664f96","nativeRecordCid":"0b8f856c-68df-48b6-9a23-0b3c92916e68","documentId":"open-science-source-18","id":"c721","text":"Modern forms of peer review, such as open peer review processes in the publish-review-curate model, are more similar to peer engagement than traditional peer review.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"modern forms of peer review","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"More modern forms of peer review, such as open peer review processes in the publish-review-curate model for scholarly publishing (Corker et al., 2024), are more similar to peer engagement.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-18/c722","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/06b2b2a3ce1f4bd1","nativeRecordCid":"794fdb2e-311d-4e6c-8d88-c2e55dd42935","documentId":"open-science-source-18","id":"c722","text":"For issues of major importance to societal stakeholders, the research system needs to provide evidence of the highest possible quality, higher than the quality resulting from traditional peer review or from peer engagement.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"the research system","subject":"evidence quality for major issues","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"For issues that are of major importance to societal stakeholders, the research system needs to provide evidence that is of the highest possible quality, higher than the quality resulting from traditional peer review or from peer engagement.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-18/c723","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/e2be3571342240ce","nativeRecordCid":"72d624df-9967-489c-9084-5313cb6f95e5","documentId":"open-science-source-18","id":"c723","text":"Research funders should make dedicated funding available to support the production of rigorous evidence syntheses in areas of major importance to societal stakeholders.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"research funders","subject":"funding for evidence syntheses","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"We propose that research funders make dedicated funding available to support the production of rigorous evidence syntheses in these areas.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-18/c724","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/1553d7d56f1d4d79","nativeRecordCid":"1491c13d-ecaa-422f-aae2-bbdc3c482457","documentId":"open-science-source-18","id":"c724","text":"Evidence syntheses provide societal stakeholders with reliable scientific information.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"evidence syntheses","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"As Figure 6 shows, evidence syntheses provide societal stakeholders with reliable scientific information, enabling them to minimise their dependence on less reliable information from individual research outputs.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-18/c725","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/cdf125efce6040a4","nativeRecordCid":"1b9b9b2a-3954-4796-8723-286b58fa82e1","documentId":"open-science-source-18","id":"c725","text":"Evidence syntheses enable societal stakeholders to minimise their dependence on less reliable information from individual research outputs.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"evidence syntheses","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"As Figure 6 shows, evidence syntheses provide societal stakeholders with reliable scientific information, enabling them to minimise their dependence on less reliable information from individual research outputs.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-18/c726","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/71488cb6f1fd451c","nativeRecordCid":"005a883e-41b0-42ff-aeec-c8d4b9b53b20","documentId":"open-science-source-18","id":"c726","text":"Evidence syntheses can be expected to contribute to strengthening trust in science.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"evidence syntheses","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"In this way, evidence syntheses can also be expected to contribute to strengthening trust in science.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-18/c727","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/5d87ffc562d94700","nativeRecordCid":"e88079fa-539e-4632-b14c-a781961b64a3","documentId":"open-science-source-18","id":"c727","text":"Research funders should play a more significant role on the output side of the research system than they do at the moment.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"research funders","subject":"role of research funders","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"In our proposed approach, research funders play a more significant role on the output side of the research system than they do at the moment.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-18/c728","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/9452046c3121411c","nativeRecordCid":"d5aca595-77c2-4c55-8e31-a1ca2634ecd0","documentId":"open-science-source-18","id":"c728","text":"Research funders should support infrastructures for trust markers and peer engagement.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"research funders","subject":"infrastructures for trust markers","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"In addition to providing funding for evidence syntheses, we also envision an important role for research funders in supporting infrastructures for trust markers and peer engagement.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-18/c729","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/37ae8b86df1e4235","nativeRecordCid":"79e821c9-d312-4f71-bb7e-d2d6af1e8947","documentId":"open-science-source-18","id":"c729","text":"By playing a more significant role on the output side of the research system, research funders take on a broader systemwide responsibility, covering not only the allocation of resources but also the dissemination of research results.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"research funders' responsibility","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"By playing a more significant role on the output side of the research system, research funders take on a broader systemwide responsibility, covering not only the allocation of resources but also the dissemination of research results.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-18/c730","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/4f7bd8f6ea7e48e1","nativeRecordCid":"0e5846d2-e1b5-4337-8e95-9aae551bf384","documentId":"open-science-source-18","id":"c730","text":"Recognising national and disciplinary differences is crucial in the implementation of the proposed pathways.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"","subject":"national and disciplinary differences","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Recognising national and disciplinary differences is absolutely crucial in the implementation of the proposed pathways","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-18/c731","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/95131b8418fc404e","nativeRecordCid":"496bbcdd-95f9-44e4-850d-f0fc166c99aa","documentId":"open-science-source-18","id":"c731","text":"Many of the actions proposed in this report are, to a certain degree, already taking place.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"proposed actions already occurring","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"We also acknowledge that many of the actions we propose are, to a certain degree, already taking place.","representedInStars":false}
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{"key":"open-science-source-18/c733","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/632298706c4f4dd1","nativeRecordCid":"d3017d60-c718-405a-a53d-793e75d68b29","documentId":"open-science-source-18","id":"c733","text":"The actions already taking place need a more systematic narrative.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"","subject":"ongoing actions","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"effectively provide overall strategic direction to processes that are already ongoing, though mostly in a disjointed manner and in need of a more systematic narrative.","representedInStars":false}
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{"key":"open-science-source-18/c735","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/cc826ee6b111450d","nativeRecordCid":"5de764cd-ec22-4a3b-9d0e-8396c6c239a7","documentId":"open-science-source-18","id":"c735","text":"Research funders should have an augmented role in the research system.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"research funders","subject":"role of research funders","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The headline of our future pathways is that we envisage a changing role for all key actors in the research system, including an augmented role for research funders.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-18/c736","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/542a150559f24337","nativeRecordCid":"c252a6ae-b8b7-4ba5-9290-bfc391d17026","documentId":"open-science-source-18","id":"c736","text":"Many research funders already see themselves as more than resource distributors.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"research funders' self-perception","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Already, many research funders see themselves as more than resource distributors.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-18/c737","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/648cfe7a0ce041e3","nativeRecordCid":"adc698d4-88b2-4df2-babe-a83cac96626e","documentId":"open-science-source-18","id":"c737","text":"The role of research funders as broader system actors and system shapers should be further strengthened.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"research funders","subject":"role of research funders","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"In our vision, the role of research funders as broader system actors and system shapers is further strengthened.","representedInStars":false}
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{"key":"open-science-source-18/c740","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/e671af765da64bfe","nativeRecordCid":"2fbec021-3b70-4c57-9682-e12c46d7865d","documentId":"open-science-source-18","id":"c740","text":"Research funders should play increasingly important roles in ensuring the research system provides high-quality trustworthy evidence to society.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"research funders","subject":"trustworthy evidence to society","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"They also play increasingly important roles in quality assurance of research outputs and in ensuring the research system provides high-quality trustworthy evidence to society.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-18/c741","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/059ececa85b640ff","nativeRecordCid":"a202757b-882f-44e7-9b7e-2986d8f3dd58","documentId":"open-science-source-18","id":"c741","text":"Research funders need to strengthen their role as system shapers on the input side of the research system.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"research funders","subject":"role as system shapers","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"On the input side of the research system, research funders need to strengthen their role as system shapers.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-18/c742","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/4b5c16f8b8cb468d","nativeRecordCid":"a424e3e5-b45d-4d3b-8a29-5f2ef174b172","documentId":"open-science-source-18","id":"c742","text":"Research funders must shift funds from traditional project funding allocated to individuals and small teams to strategic funding allocated to larger units, institutions and consortia.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"research funders","subject":"shifting project funding","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"This requires shifting funds from traditional project funding allocated to individuals and small teams to strategic funding allocated to larger units, institutions and consortia.","representedInStars":true}
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{"key":"open-science-source-18/c744","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/710c0070812340d6","nativeRecordCid":"697684e9-8e11-45d1-a7fd-f8af57114b61","documentId":"open-science-source-18","id":"c744","text":"Research funders focus on organising in-depth peer review of a much more limited number of proposals for strategic research initiatives instead of standardised peer review of large numbers of project proposals.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"research funders' peer review focus","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Instead of organising standardised peer review of large numbers of project proposals, research funders focus on organising in-depth peer review of a much more limited number of proposals for strategic research initiatives.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-18/c745","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/d9d346fc9ef94b82","nativeRecordCid":"602aedcb-be7a-4178-8837-8a3a3569130b","documentId":"open-science-source-18","id":"c745","text":"This shift entails moving from optimising the efficiency of peer review processes to developing sophisticated strategic decision-making processes.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"shift in peer review focus","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"This entails a shift from optimising the efficiency of peer review processes to developing sophisticated strategic decisionmaking processes.","representedInStars":false}
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{"key":"open-science-source-18/c747","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/939abfceebc141c4","nativeRecordCid":"925cd2b5-956e-42e1-84ab-df71da0606b7","documentId":"open-science-source-18","id":"c747","text":"Research funders may strengthen the organisation of peer review by leveraging their capacity as strategic intelligence gatherers, for example through in-depth dialogues with research institutions, augmented capacity for data-driven appraisal of the research landscape, and convening high-level expert panels.","kind":"normative","modality":"may","actor":"research funders","subject":"strengthening peer review organisation","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Research funders may have opportunities to strengthen the organisation of peer review by leveraging their capacity as strategic intelligence gatherers, for example based on in-depth dialogues with research institutions, augmented capacity for data-driven appraisal of the research landscape, and through convening high-level expert panels.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-18/c748","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/9e031c5b0dba45dd","nativeRecordCid":"a7e13235-79e6-42de-8e8a-cda39f23732e","documentId":"open-science-source-18","id":"c748","text":"Quality assurance of research outputs needs to be organised in a more distributed way on the output side of the research system.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"","subject":"quality assurance organisation","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"On the output side of the research system, quality assurance of research outputs needs to be organised in a more distributed way.","representedInStars":false}
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{"key":"open-science-source-18/c750","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/e4337fbbc0dc40a1","nativeRecordCid":"5013e621-35d0-4b55-8500-8997caec5c04","documentId":"open-science-source-18","id":"c750","text":"Where there remains a need to evaluate individual researchers applying for project funding, research funders need to make sure all relevant information about the quality and impact of research outputs is taken into account.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"research funders","subject":"evaluating individual researchers","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Moreover, where there remains a need to evaluate individual researchers applying for project funding, research funders need to make sure all relevant information about the quality and impact of research outputs is taken into account.","representedInStars":false}
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{"key":"open-science-source-18/c755","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/a984ef198856439a","nativeRecordCid":"959e5e7b-06db-4f93-8542-9fab6932c347","documentId":"open-science-source-18","id":"c755","text":"Research funders may promote open peer review in the short term.","kind":"normative","modality":"may","actor":"research funders","subject":"promoting open peer review","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"In the short term, research funders can take initial steps by actively promoting preprinting, open peer review, and publish-review-curate models.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-18/c756","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/64ee668285374df3","nativeRecordCid":"d53d8e10-5ef6-4508-bb4c-3ca9ed6c4185","documentId":"open-science-source-18","id":"c756","text":"Research funders may promote publish-review-curate models in the short term.","kind":"normative","modality":"may","actor":"research funders","subject":"promoting publish-review-curate models","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"In the short term, research funders can take initial steps by actively promoting preprinting, open peer review, and publish-review-curate models.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-18/c757","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/d245c8ac5c5e4a7a","nativeRecordCid":"d22fc553-a823-4169-80f3-f482e795cdb2","documentId":"open-science-source-18","id":"c757","text":"Research funders may contribute to initiatives for research assessment reform, such as the Coalition for Advancing Research Assessment.","kind":"normative","modality":"may","actor":"research funders","subject":"research assessment reform initiatives","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Another step research funders can take is to actively contribute to initiatives for research assessment reform, such as the Coalition for Advancing Research Assessment (CoARA).","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-18/c758","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/271c91da9ea0479e","nativeRecordCid":"7bb500f1-7724-4442-9559-9ce58acc4a66","documentId":"open-science-source-18","id":"c758","text":"A more distributed organisation of quality assurance of research outputs requires funders to set up dedicated funding programmes for evidence synthesis.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"research funders","subject":"funding programmes for evidence synthesis","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"A more distributed organisation of quality assurance of research outputs also requires funders to set up dedicated funding programmes for evidence synthesis.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-18/c759","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/62faa896392e4de3","nativeRecordCid":"7a64dabd-c738-43d9-80dd-91bf9bc655e8","documentId":"open-science-source-18","id":"c759","text":"Evidence syntheses are an important tool to contribute to strengthening trust in science by providing reliable scientific information to societal stakeholders.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"evidence syntheses and trust","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"By providing reliable scientific information to societal stakeholders, evidence syntheses are an important tool to contribute to strengthening trust in science.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-18/c760","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/2f52604dec36416c","nativeRecordCid":"6e2f4440-6f98-431c-9974-84eb7003e4bb","documentId":"open-science-source-18","id":"c760","text":"Other research funders not yet active in evidence synthesis may build on the experience of funders already running such programmes.","kind":"normative","modality":"may","actor":"other research funders","subject":"building on evidence synthesis experience","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Other research funders not yet active in this space may build on their experience.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-18/c761","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/732d3d3eb4094754","nativeRecordCid":"6f18b608-7c81-4ce4-ae15-1a91091eda40","documentId":"open-science-source-18","id":"c761","text":"The transition to a more strategic approach to funding allocation at the level of research institutions rather than individual researchers or research teams requires institutions to enhance their strategic profile.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"research institutions","subject":"strategic profile of institutions","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The transition to a more strategic approach to funding allocation at the level of research institutions rather than individual researchers or research teams requires institutions to enhance","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-18/c762","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/ea184d669e9b4747","nativeRecordCid":"b5b277de-7937-410c-b0e0-e21b062e1887","documentId":"open-science-source-18","id":"c762","text":"Research institutions need to develop convincing ways to demonstrate their strengths.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"research institutions","subject":"demonstrating institutional strengths","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Research institutions need to develop convincing ways to demonstrate their strengths, which may include","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-18/c763","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/794a09b74dd14c80","nativeRecordCid":"6f68e867-ac02-4ad9-a9b1-64a4677a9f6d","documentId":"open-science-source-18","id":"c763","text":"Research institutions need to have suitable mechanisms for allocating funding for strategic initiatives to internal units based on the contribution of these units to such initiatives.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"research institutions","subject":"funding allocation mechanisms","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Research institutions also need to have suitable mechanisms for allocating funding for strategic initiatives to internal units based on the contribution of these units to such initiatives.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-18/c764","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/de4ab21308a040d7","nativeRecordCid":"a4c43c98-ad22-4a1d-826c-1d823e683f7b","documentId":"open-science-source-18","id":"c764","text":"Internal units need to have mechanisms for hiring and promoting researchers based on their contribution to strategic initiatives.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"internal units","subject":"hiring and promotion mechanisms","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Internal units in turn need to have mechanisms for hiring and promoting researchers based on their contribution to strategic initiatives.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-18/c765","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/10d5069663044b67","nativeRecordCid":"9fc0c466-becc-40a0-b069-8e5aa8a5b87d","documentId":"open-science-source-18","id":"c765","text":"Research institutions need to move away from generic standardised approaches to evaluating internal units and individual researchers, such as approaches based on parameters like grant income or publication counts.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"research institutions","subject":"standardised evaluation approaches","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"To realise all of this, research institutions need to move away from generic standardised approaches to evaluating internal units and individual researchers, for example approaches based on parameters such as grant income or publication counts.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-18/c766","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/b230ee29bb5c498d","nativeRecordCid":"9f6e2178-5a85-47a9-bc00-6a5406587835","documentId":"open-science-source-18","id":"c766","text":"Evaluations need to be performed in light of the strategic context in which internal units and individual researchers are operating.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"research institutions","subject":"context-sensitive evaluation","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Instead, evaluations need to be performed in light of the strategic context in which internal units and individual researchers are operating (e.g., similar to the Strategy Evaluation Protocol in the Netherlands).","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-18/c767","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/54fdc17173874d42","nativeRecordCid":"614072f7-62fb-4116-b3cf-6ef9a123ca2b","documentId":"open-science-source-18","id":"c767","text":"Context-sensitive evaluations need to be carried out using peer review, where relevant supported by data-driven evidence.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"research institutions","subject":"context-sensitive evaluations","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Such context-sensitive evaluations need to be carried out using peer review, where relevant supported by data-driven evidence.","representedInStars":false}
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{"key":"open-science-source-18/c795","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/61f48e76f38b448f","nativeRecordCid":"6801d699-32fc-4868-8444-737cfeea0c92","documentId":"open-science-source-18","id":"c795","text":"The research system is being confronted with highly disruptive technological developments.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"technological developments","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"In a research system that keeps growing in scale and complexity and that is being confronted with highly disruptive technological developments, investing in quality assurance, through peer review or otherwise, is more important than ever.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-18/c796","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/8b301c75281a4054","nativeRecordCid":"d3f2402c-9d27-46a0-8548-8783551da693","documentId":"open-science-source-18","id":"c796","text":"The future pathways outlined in this report will help to optimally position the research system for the opportunities and challenges of the 21st century.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"future pathways' effect","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"We hope the future pathways outlined above will help to optimally position the research system for the opportunities and challenges of the 21st century.","representedInStars":false}
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{"key":"open-science-source-19/c5","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/70f3a721e66644d2","nativeRecordCid":"6a0a22a5-0e52-4fa9-bb11-fc069f47e4b2","documentId":"open-science-source-19","id":"c5","text":"No library can afford access to all of the journals it is asked to provide.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"libraries' ability to afford journals","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"SPARC’s member libraries invest tens of millions of dollars in journal subscriptions each year to serve the needs of their researchers, faculty, and students, but there is no library that can even come close to affording access to all of the journals that they are asked to provide.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-19/c6","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/586d2933358b4cbc","nativeRecordCid":"1cd05fa1-30d1-4a98-a1f2-4d88fcefa48a","documentId":"open-science-source-19","id":"c6","text":"There is a growing trend among libraries towards canceling commercial journal subscriptions.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"trend of subscription cancellations","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"In fact, right now, there is a growing trend towards canceling commercial journal subscriptions, as libraries examine the true value this model provides – and increasingly opt not to support 30-40% publisher profit margins in favor of exploring new, more valuesaligned ways for researchers to share their results.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-19/c7","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/ca366c9149a94605","nativeRecordCid":"995fa8e2-4c00-439c-9d45-c6c35861b5b2","documentId":"open-science-source-19","id":"c7","text":"Libraries increasingly opt not to support 30-40% publisher profit margins in favor of exploring new, more value-aligned ways for researchers to share their results.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"libraries' response to publisher profit margins","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"In fact, right now, there is a growing trend towards canceling commercial journal subscriptions, as libraries examine the true value this model provides – and increasingly opt not to support 30-40% publisher profit margins in favor of exploring new, more valuesaligned ways for researchers to share their results.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-19/c8","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/cd0df853e70b4525","nativeRecordCid":"8fdcfb8c-4118-48cf-a030-e5b5a055e986","documentId":"open-science-source-19","id":"c8","text":"Even when researchers can access articles, the articles often are not in formats or on platforms where they can be used in the ways that are needed.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"article formats and platforms","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Even when researchers can get to them, articles often are not in formats or on platforms where they can be used in the ways that are needed.","representedInStars":false}
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{"key":"open-science-source-19/c12","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/825fd30eeb5c424b","nativeRecordCid":"202d39f6-d07a-49d6-8930-c84438d6d5cc","documentId":"open-science-source-19","id":"c12","text":"The current system makes it routine for scientists to hold onto data for years without sharing it while they wait for papers to be published.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"scientists withholding data","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The current system makes it routine for scientists to hold onto data for years without sharing it while they wait for papers to be published.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-19/c13","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/16f0ae79427a46b6","nativeRecordCid":"83776428-91d4-4dad-98bb-65ae1b939e88","documentId":"open-science-source-19","id":"c13","text":"Scientists holding onto data for years without sharing is driven by an outmoded incentive system.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"cause of data withholding: incentives","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Part of this problem is driven by an outmoded incentive system, but part is also driven by the lack of consistent standards.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-19/c14","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/864a327a7b4c4974","nativeRecordCid":"ca60aa18-41f9-4b46-8f97-de315d07ec5b","documentId":"open-science-source-19","id":"c14","text":"Scientists holding onto data for years without sharing is driven by the lack of consistent standards.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"cause of data withholding: standards","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Part of this problem is driven by an outmoded incentive system, but part is also driven by the lack of consistent standards.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-19/c15","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/f9889702b4804cab","nativeRecordCid":"50816dfb-27b8-441f-836b-3b2ce74477ec","documentId":"open-science-source-19","id":"c15","text":"Shared data is often in formats that make it hard to use.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"shared data formats","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Even when researchers do share data it is often in formats that make it hard to use or lacks the computer code and tools needed to interpret it.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-19/c16","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/6405ae79e1d04d1e","nativeRecordCid":"b8b11ad4-ea4e-4953-a93a-007e055cc3cc","documentId":"open-science-source-19","id":"c16","text":"Shared data often lacks the computer code and tools needed to interpret it.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"shared data completeness","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Even when researchers do share data it is often in formats that make it hard to use or lacks the computer code and tools needed to interpret it.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-19/c17","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/b1c417ef44594556","nativeRecordCid":"56527049-f60a-4572-a7eb-f0731ecc7d11","documentId":"open-science-source-19","id":"c17","text":"The data needed to verify or reproduce the results of published articles is often unavailable.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"availability of verification data","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Even the data needed to verify or reproduce the results of published articles is often unavailable.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-19/c18","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/d66fe361509f4dd7","nativeRecordCid":"052b5187-f57a-422e-8cb6-c6605adf5ab5","documentId":"open-science-source-19","id":"c18","text":"The unavailability of data needed to verify or reproduce published results erodes trust in scientific research.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"trust in scientific research","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"This erodes trust in scientific research at a time when it is of particular importance.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-19/c19","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/4297fe61d3c3492b","nativeRecordCid":"f0daebe4-5338-4ad6-94e1-77f77e46bce1","documentId":"open-science-source-19","id":"c19","text":"Trust in scientific research is of particular importance at the present time.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"importance of trust in science","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"This erodes trust in scientific research at a time when it is of particular importance.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-19/c20","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/2340d53a74324c63","nativeRecordCid":"e14cf809-4d93-4603-b401-2aa0cc80b298","documentId":"open-science-source-19","id":"c20","text":"The nation has the opportunity to optimize the system of scientific communication.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"optimizing scientific communication","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Our nation has the opportunity to optimize the system of scientific communication.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-19/c21","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/2c3ece6dc29c4399","nativeRecordCid":"f9e4718c-efa0-4873-bcbe-024d59fcd217","documentId":"open-science-source-19","id":"c21","text":"The U.S. government should have ready access to the outputs of the research it has funded on behalf of taxpayers.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"U.S. government","subject":"U.S. government access to funded research","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"As Americans, we should never again be in a position where the U.S. government does not have ready access to the outputs of the research it has funded on behalf of taxpayers.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-19/c22","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/649082dbb04445e4","nativeRecordCid":"a6da6988-ea3e-4eb2-be29-683483f53aed","documentId":"open-science-source-19","id":"c22","text":"Articles reporting on science funded by the U.S. government should always be readily accessible to the public.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"","subject":"accessibility of government-funded science articles","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"reporting on science funded by the U.S. government should always be readily accessible to the public.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-19/c23","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/093f8618481d44b1","nativeRecordCid":"446493f2-6fc8-4cd4-899a-2c40700f1924","documentId":"open-science-source-19","id":"c23","text":"The results of research funded by taxpayers should not be kept locked behind glass that is only broken in the case of an emergency.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"","subject":"locking research results behind emergency-only access","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The results of research funded by taxpayers should not be kept locked behind glass that is only broken in the case of an emergency.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-19/c24","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/55c650ee79a14c7b","nativeRecordCid":"340b3400-dd97-450c-8124-30ca05de14f0","documentId":"open-science-source-19","id":"c24","text":"The federal government should act without delay to implement a strong national policy ensuring that taxpayers receive immediate, barrier-free access to the full results of the scientific research that their tax dollars have funded.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"federal government","subject":"federal open access policy","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The federal government should act without delay to implement a strong national policy ensuring that taxpayers receive immediate, barrier-free access to the full results of the scientific research that their tax dollars have funded.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-19/c25","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/688daf1e2fc146cf","nativeRecordCid":"dad1fff1-bfa6-449d-90ae-9c258e7f40bc","documentId":"open-science-source-19","id":"c25","text":"Implementing a strong national access policy can end the needless delays that researchers currently face.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"effect of policy on research delays","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"In doing so, the Trump Administration can end the needless delays that researchers currently face and provide all citizens with hope that issues that most directly affect them and their families are being worked on with the same urgency and efficiency as the coronavirus.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-19/c26","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/7421fbd447ba4b8d","nativeRecordCid":"0709eee3-97df-429b-9757-95ab5d384c8d","documentId":"open-science-source-19","id":"c26","text":"Implementing a strong national access policy can provide all citizens with hope that issues affecting them and their families are being worked on with the same urgency and efficiency as the coronavirus.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"effect of policy on citizen hope","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"In doing so, the Trump Administration can end the needless delays that researchers currently face and provide all citizens with hope that issues that most directly affect them and their families are being worked on with the same urgency and efficiency as the coronavirus.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-19/c27","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/b8a74051b44b4f17","nativeRecordCid":"1540da4c-33aa-43d8-9355-e0277d1c5cda","documentId":"open-science-source-19","id":"c27","text":"Articles reporting on federally funded research should be made freely available online to the public immediately upon publication.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"","subject":"availability of federally funded articles","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"All articles reporting on federally funded research and the corresponding data and tools needed to validate their conclusions (software, code, etc.) should be made freely available online to the public immediately upon publication.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-19/c28","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/7d8d860a45d54aa0","nativeRecordCid":"0a9e21b3-3c68-4647-b7e0-1eab5d853432","documentId":"open-science-source-19","id":"c28","text":"The corresponding data and tools needed to validate the conclusions of federally funded research, including software and code, should be made freely available online to the public immediately upon publication.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"","subject":"availability of validating data and tools","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"All articles reporting on federally funded research and the corresponding data and tools needed to validate their conclusions (software, code, etc.) should be made freely available online to the public immediately upon publication.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-19/c29","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/e65fc024a8a04317","nativeRecordCid":"b6b39503-a9bd-4187-9611-f7ebbf26c639","documentId":"open-science-source-19","id":"c29","text":"Articles must be made available in open and machine-readable formats that fully enable productive reuse including text/data mining and computational analysis.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"","subject":"machine-readable formats for articles","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Articles must be made available in open and machine-readable formats that fully enable productive reuse including text/data mining and computational analysis.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-19/c30","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/6f9589a314954d21","nativeRecordCid":"bdb2ce18-f28b-4821-9476-b75d874b9e9b","documentId":"open-science-source-19","id":"c30","text":"Articles should be made available under an open license or as part of the worldwide public domain, specifically a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International (CC BY) license or similar.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"","subject":"open licensing of articles","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Articles and data should be made available under an open license or be published as part of the worldwide public domain (specifically a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International (CC BY) license or similar for articles, CC0 for data).","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-19/c31","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/3236ae46bbe0422d","nativeRecordCid":"621d467b-b94f-4cfc-8831-fa2e4cf60d36","documentId":"open-science-source-19","id":"c31","text":"Data should be made available under an open license or as part of the worldwide public domain, specifically a CC0 license.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"","subject":"open licensing of data","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Articles and data should be made available under an open license or be published as part of the worldwide public domain (specifically a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International (CC BY) license or similar for articles, CC0 for data).","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-19/c32","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/2b209fb0abef4ec4","nativeRecordCid":"0886542d-c687-4ae5-bd64-341a5168c6e1","documentId":"open-science-source-19","id":"c32","text":"A copy of a researcher's final accepted manuscript or final published article should be made available via either a digital repository maintained by a U.S. federal agency or an open, nonproprietary repository designated by the agency that ensures long-term open access to and preservation of these articles.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"","subject":"manuscript deposit in repositories","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"A copy of a researcher’s final accepted manuscript or final published article should be made available via either a digital repository maintained by a U.S. federal agency (NIH’s PubMed Central is a robust, cost-effective option) or in an open, nonproprietary repository designated by the agency that ensures long-term open access to and preservation of these articles.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-19/c33","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/4b5bcf170b2941b9","nativeRecordCid":"46c34d0a-a906-4602-82b0-688594a72872","documentId":"open-science-source-19","id":"c33","text":"NIH's PubMed Central is a robust, cost-effective option for making federally funded research articles publicly available.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"PubMed Central","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"A copy of a researcher’s final accepted manuscript or final published article should be made available via either a digital repository maintained by a U.S. federal agency (NIH’s PubMed Central is a robust, cost-effective option) or in an open, nonproprietary repository designated by the agency that ensures long-term open access to and preservation of these articles.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-19/c34","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/4944a546e0cc4992","nativeRecordCid":"edd8899d-18d7-46c6-add5-a452d0a4e12f","documentId":"open-science-source-19","id":"c34","text":"Corresponding data and software should be made available via a digital repository maintained or approved by a U.S. federal agency.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"","subject":"data and software repositories","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Corresponding data and software should be made available via a digital repository maintained or approved by a U.S. federal agency.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-19/c35","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/c9fe1f1e8f3f4220","nativeRecordCid":"22b5ffe0-d285-4625-b286-50ead8a6dbfc","documentId":"open-science-source-19","id":"c35","text":"All other non-classified data not directly attributable to a publication, including associated metadata, should be made available to the public as soon as possible under findable, accessible, interoperable, and reusable (FAIR) terms and conditions.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"","subject":"availability of non-classified data","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"All other non-classified data not directly attributable to a publication, including associated metadata, should be made available to the public as soon as possible under findable, accessible, interoperable, and reusable (FAIR) terms and conditions.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-19/c36","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/61a8ce33bf9745c0","nativeRecordCid":"3dbaf3fd-f272-4868-a4c8-32a675ab55b2","documentId":"open-science-source-19","id":"c36","text":"Journal publishers should experiment with a variety of business models that support open and equitable access to and participation in science.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"journal publishers","subject":"journal publisher business models","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"We encourage journal publishers to experiment with a variety of business models that support open and equitable access to and participation in science.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-19/c37","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/0fa71cf14c704c37","nativeRecordCid":"12bb536a-a703-429e-9314-fb9a9d4e9282","documentId":"open-science-source-19","id":"c37","text":"OSTP should encourage federally funded researchers to utilize platforms that enhance the speed and transparency of scientific communication, including preprint servers and research funder platforms.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"OSTP","subject":"OSTP encouraging platform use","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"We ask OSTP to encourage federally funded researchers to utilize platforms that enhance the speed and transparency of scientific communication – including preprint servers and research funder platforms such as Gates Open Research.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-19/c38","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/56c662d91fbf49fd","nativeRecordCid":"2a41f978-8950-4526-97c4-dd0e2bd98abb","documentId":"open-science-source-19","id":"c38","text":"OSTP should continue to explore mechanisms to reward federally funded researchers for openly sharing their research outputs.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"OSTP","subject":"OSTP reward mechanisms","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"It is important that OSTP continue to explore mechanisms to reward federally funded researchers for openly sharing their research outputs.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-19/c39","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/cbec9f47f99b4552","nativeRecordCid":"83e47e56-6dd5-4d26-969d-ae29569dbc2e","documentId":"open-science-source-19","id":"c39","text":"OSTP should establish a national public access policy immediately.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"OSTP","subject":"timing of OSTP policy","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"OSTP should establish this policy immediately.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-19/c40","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/e98ba94a202241e1","nativeRecordCid":"c7af4c9c-38f0-4446-ae7c-d9754e127f0a","documentId":"open-science-source-19","id":"c40","text":"The U.S. should join the European Union, Canada, and other leading nations that have already established strong national open access policies in order to promote advances in science and technology, encourage innovation and economic growth, and improve the public good.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"the U.S.","subject":"U.S. joining international open access policies","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The U.S. should join the European Union, Canada, and other leading nations that have already established strong national open access policies in order to promote advances in science and technology, encourage innovation and economic growth, and improve the public good.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-19/c41","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/e01ad36d0e294ed1","nativeRecordCid":"dd62d5d8-90a1-40c7-908e-fa4ec2842e1b","documentId":"open-science-source-19","id":"c41","text":"A strong national public access policy cannot be fully implemented overnight.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"implementation timeline of policy","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"While the need to establish this policy is urgent, we recognize that it cannot be fully implemented overnight.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-19/c42","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/757dfb85a419474d","nativeRecordCid":"2349621f-65b1-449c-86ff-2917ee3973c0","documentId":"open-science-source-19","id":"c42","text":"Library subscription revenue plays a significant role in supporting the overall operations of many scholarly societies.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"library subscription revenue's role","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Libraries are uniquely positioned to do so, as library dollars account for more than 75% of the average journals subscription revenue, which plays a significant role in supporting the overall operations of many scholarly societies.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-19/c43","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/8f1b446176b64977","nativeRecordCid":"ecd2761c-f238-4c75-bec1-fe1d6b686584","documentId":"open-science-source-19","id":"c43","text":"Science sets the pace for economic growth.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"science and economic growth","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Science sets the pace for economic growth.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-19/c44","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/eabdbb1ad2094118","nativeRecordCid":"e74d6d53-06f4-4233-8896-b29ef5cb2b5e","documentId":"open-science-source-19","id":"c44","text":"What starts in the lab ends up in the pharmacy, in the factory, and on the farm.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"science's practical applications","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"What starts in the lab ends up in the pharmacy, in the factory, and on the farm.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-19/c45","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/6e8444e35aae415d","nativeRecordCid":"7cfe8920-5a42-40ea-9f6d-2cbd61452a48","documentId":"open-science-source-19","id":"c45","text":"How quickly science progresses directly impacts America's ability to innovate.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"pace of scientific progress","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"How quickly science progresses directly impacts America’s ability to innovate, and open sharing accelerates the progression of research.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-19/c46","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/813eb7f8c4c642c4","nativeRecordCid":"a772ccf1-a0de-4b71-b30e-1a9e10e7c0a3","documentId":"open-science-source-19","id":"c46","text":"Open sharing accelerates the progression of research.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"open sharing and research progress","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"How quickly science progresses directly impacts America’s ability to innovate, and open sharing accelerates the progression of research.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-19/c47","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/9ab95ba67ba2401e","nativeRecordCid":"6876153f-e257-4eb2-a937-10fee30b7caf","documentId":"open-science-source-19","id":"c47","text":"Governments around the world are making open the default for their publicly funded research.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"government open access defaults","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"As a result, governments around the world are making open the default for their publicly funded","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-19/c48","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/f6a7385dc3e14991","nativeRecordCid":"946978c5-e90f-44a1-8647-5a42b624f3f1","documentId":"open-science-source-19","id":"c48","text":"Governments tie their open access policies directly to their national innovation agendas.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"government innovation agendas","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"research—directly tying these policies to their national innovation agendas.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-19/c49","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/f5891fed35704c57","nativeRecordCid":"6fb4c694-016e-4fb2-b590-8447df828685","documentId":"open-science-source-19","id":"c49","text":"The Administration has the opportunity to bring the U.S. back to the forefront in defining how science will be conducted in the networked digital environment.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"Administration's science leadership opportunity","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"In this global context, the Administration has the opportunity to bring the U.S. back to the forefront in defining how science will be conducted in the networked digital environment, while simultaneously achieving other key goals such as making research AI-ready.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-19/c50","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/7d8de1266c5d4e1a","nativeRecordCid":"9c86aa1d-fbe9-4917-a73a-1563147aa764","documentId":"open-science-source-19","id":"c50","text":"The Administration can simultaneously achieve other key goals, such as making research AI-ready, while advancing science leadership.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"Administration's AI-readiness goal","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"In this global context, the Administration has the opportunity to bring the U.S. back to the forefront in defining how science will be conducted in the networked digital environment, while simultaneously achieving other key goals such as making research AI-ready.","representedInStars":false}
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{"key":"open-science-source-19/c54","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/50e6d73c2b714a8e","nativeRecordCid":"0840dc38-dc1c-41e0-9c48-bcdb021fff58","documentId":"open-science-source-19","id":"c54","text":"Delay and difficulty in accessing the results of research negatively impacts businesses, entrepreneurs, patients, and the public.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"impact of access delays","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Conversely, the current delay and difficulty in accessing the results of research negatively impacts businesses, entrepreneurs, patients, and the public – all of whom are eager for the latest science to be translated into materials that the manufacturing sector can use to make tests, treatments, and vaccines.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-19/c55","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/e2472a84a14546ac","nativeRecordCid":"350da57e-bea0-41bd-a23f-4ec1f3b25a90","documentId":"open-science-source-19","id":"c55","text":"Openness has an advantage in accelerating research broadly.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"advantage of openness","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The move to work openly in order to accelerate COVID-related research affirms the advantage of openness in accelerating research broadly.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-19/c56","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/b09552a5fbd64b80","nativeRecordCid":"d1192133-163a-4f8f-8b61-efccabf3b82f","documentId":"open-science-source-19","id":"c56","text":"Researchers are choosing fast, open channels such as preprint servers to share the results of research as quickly as possible.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"researchers' use of preprint servers","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Researchers are choosing fast, open channels such as preprint servers to share the results of research out as quickly as possible; and some publishers are innovating by creating new, collaborative mechanisms to provide peer review in as close to real time as possible, while ensuring that rigor and reproducibility remain paramount.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-19/c57","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/a3346c3934f64a18","nativeRecordCid":"a986ba48-4174-4a5c-8f71-43138953b02b","documentId":"open-science-source-19","id":"c57","text":"Some publishers are innovating by creating new, collaborative mechanisms to provide peer review in as close to real time as possible while ensuring that rigor and reproducibility remain paramount.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"publishers' peer review innovation","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Researchers are choosing fast, open channels such as preprint servers to share the results of research out as quickly as possible; and some publishers are innovating by creating new, collaborative mechanisms to provide peer review in as close to real time as possible, while ensuring that rigor and reproducibility remain paramount.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-19/c58","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/145a8dbd46f9464f","nativeRecordCid":"c06b3c81-9e7b-4ed2-99a5-dc1fba0239e5","documentId":"open-science-source-19","id":"c58","text":"Efforts to accelerate open sharing and real-time peer review provide excellent blueprints for publisher services in a fully open access era.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"blueprints for open access publishing","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Efforts like these provide excellent blueprints for publisher services in a fully open access era.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-19/c59","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/1f59f4f993354bf2","nativeRecordCid":"36f7c710-4426-45dc-823e-f75cc2c37e8f","documentId":"open-science-source-19","id":"c59","text":"The research community is collaborating to make COVID-related data openly available, FAIR-compliant and machine readable, and ready for analysis by research teams around the world.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"COVID-19 data collaboration","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Through initiatives such as the Virus Outbreak Data Network (VODAN), the research community is collaborating to make COVID-related data openly available, FAIR-compliant and machine readable, and ready for analysis by research teams around the world.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-19/c60","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/c8923fd929dc4238","nativeRecordCid":"e5816671-256b-4e2f-821d-87a45b5d1b02","documentId":"open-science-source-19","id":"c60","text":"The transition to open, collaborative, and data-intensive research is being accelerated by COVID-19.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"acceleration of open research transition","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"As this transition to open, collaborative, and data-intensive research is accelerated by COVID-19, a strong national open science policy will provide the foundation needed for continued American leadership in science.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-19/c61","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/243adca5a3b34010","nativeRecordCid":"3465c9a7-ddf3-447f-9b25-59e6b5ce4be9","documentId":"open-science-source-19","id":"c61","text":"A strong national open science policy will provide the foundation needed for continued American leadership in science.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"national policy's foundation for leadership","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"As this transition to open, collaborative, and data-intensive research is accelerated by COVID-19, a strong national open science policy will provide the foundation needed for continued American leadership in science.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-19/c62","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/120b4d6b5e714f0e","nativeRecordCid":"2b0b6658-77a2-4b7f-99d7-dfffba040a76","documentId":"open-science-source-19","id":"c62","text":"A repository-based policy can be realized in a cost-effective manner.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"cost-effectiveness of repository policy","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Data demonstrates that a repository-based policy can be realized in a cost-effective manner.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-19/c63","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/4e4df6ff30ba4bbc","nativeRecordCid":"3d929ac9-be60-4c83-ac0f-ce56d29936a1","documentId":"open-science-source-19","id":"c63","text":"There is hyperinflation in the Article Processing Charge (APC) market.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"APC market hyperinflation","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"By contrast, recent research has shown that there is already evidence of hyperinflation in the Article Processing (APC) market, with costs nearly doubling over the past decade.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-20/c1","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/a3e8effa3f464442","nativeRecordCid":"f157f426-aa7f-49c3-b632-5c6ec4ed49bf","documentId":"open-science-source-20","id":"c1","text":"COAPI's membership consists of librarians at over 110 colleges and universities that have implemented or are actively pursuing open access policies requiring faculty to make a version of each of their peer-reviewed articles openly available for all to read.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"COAPI membership","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Our membership consists of librarians at over 110 colleges and universities that have implemented or are actively pursuing open access policies, requiring faculty to make a version of each of their peer-reviewed articles openly available for all to read.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-20/c2","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/b66d2ac3be2d4eef","nativeRecordCid":"70136e7a-bcd8-4fae-b490-6709de3d62c1","documentId":"open-science-source-20","id":"c2","text":"Federal agencies have the power to set new best practices, standards, and behavioral norms for researchers that allow for more open and transparent sharing of research outputs.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"Federal agencies' power","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Federal agencies have the power to set new best practices, standards, and/or behavioral norms for researchers that will allow for more open and transparent sharing of research outputs.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-20/c3","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/1a7d5da60cca4098","nativeRecordCid":"ba36b27c-799d-4084-a022-4d648c3d97fd","documentId":"open-science-source-20","id":"c3","text":"When researchers cannot easily and affordably exchange knowledge about new developments in their fields, the quality of the research enterprise suffers.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"research enterprise quality","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"When researchers cannot easily and affordably exchange knowledge about new developments in their fields, the quality and efficiency of the research enterprise suffers.","representedInStars":false}
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{"key":"open-science-source-20/c5","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/2781b1b67b0748e0","nativeRecordCid":"743f98e7-17e2-4045-b068-2250d4a3438e","documentId":"open-science-source-20","id":"c5","text":"Researchers at large, well-funded universities are more likely to have access to subscription resources than researchers in largely rural states, hospital systems, and many state-funded colleges and universities, who are less likely to have ready access to important research findings and resources.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"access to research resources by funding level","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Those working at large, well-funded universities are more likely to have access to subscription resources; while researchers in largely rural states, hospital systems, and many state-funded colleges and universities are less likely to have ready access to important research findings and resources.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-20/c6","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/f4c6aaed97ab44a9","nativeRecordCid":"3eb166af-69a6-45d6-86aa-adfa0c28d428","documentId":"open-science-source-20","id":"c6","text":"The cost of subscribing to resources continues to outpace library budgets.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"cost of resources vs library budgets","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"As the cost of subscribing to resources continues to outpace library budgets, scholars know that they are likely to lose access to an increasing number of journals and other resources in the future.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-20/c7","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/482dc95311c54e48","nativeRecordCid":"43c1d1c9-e1fd-4bdd-aa71-eaf304f213f8","documentId":"open-science-source-20","id":"c7","text":"Scholars are likely to lose access to an increasing number of journals and other resources in the future.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"scholars' future access to resources","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"As the cost of subscribing to resources continues to outpace library budgets, scholars know that they are likely to lose access to an increasing number of journals and other resources in the future.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-20/c8","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/d0f3f26ee72c4eb2","nativeRecordCid":"d6546314-6a85-406b-a850-78d9e82df85e","documentId":"open-science-source-20","id":"c8","text":"Open access policies enable authors to make their accepted, peer-reviewed articles freely available in open access repositories.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"open access policies","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"These policies enable authors to make their accepted, peer-reviewed articles freely available in open access repositories.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-20/c9","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/1ce11d9c00dd40f5","nativeRecordCid":"37ec4abb-8ea9-4506-bb6b-9ba17e00577a","documentId":"open-science-source-20","id":"c9","text":"Authors can flourish when their research data and works are made freely available for others.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"authors","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Our member institutions have demonstrated that authors can flourish when their research data and works are made freely available for others.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-20/c10","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/8c25056edc98496c","nativeRecordCid":"4a2e8f61-15d2-4920-914a-f6d123e57b64","documentId":"open-science-source-20","id":"c10","text":"The Federal Government should implement a strong national policy that provides immediate, barrier-free access to the full results of taxpayer-funded research.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"Federal Government","subject":"national public access policy","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The COAPI Steering Committee encourages the Federal Government to implement a strong national policy that provides immediate, barrier-free access to the full results of taxpayer-funded research.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-20/c11","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/cb262f89a0e246e1","nativeRecordCid":"79adb278-8751-439a-9a12-b9063f920c53","documentId":"open-science-source-20","id":"c11","text":"Published articles should have immediate access without embargoes.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"","subject":"published articles and embargoes","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"1. Immediate access to published articles without embargoes","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-20/c12","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/9311161db8ac4ee5","nativeRecordCid":"667792ca-9c61-4b12-9017-e2869b27aabd","documentId":"open-science-source-20","id":"c12","text":"Articles should be openly licensed.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"","subject":"article licensing","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"2. Articles should be openly licensed and made available in open and machine-readable formats that fully enable productive reuse including text/data mining and computational analysis","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-20/c13","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/37e23f902f194d1e","nativeRecordCid":"97ecc9c2-ea77-4e01-8540-3f66e430b085","documentId":"open-science-source-20","id":"c13","text":"Articles should be made available in open and machine-readable formats that fully enable productive reuse, including text/data mining and computational analysis.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"","subject":"article formats for reuse","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"2. Articles should be openly licensed and made available in open and machine-readable formats that fully enable productive reuse including text/data mining and computational analysis","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-20/c14","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/0979adf41aea4301","nativeRecordCid":"33c94c49-3b12-4523-9c21-1e1287539d6b","documentId":"open-science-source-20","id":"c14","text":"Data, code, and software needed to validate or replicate the conclusions of articles should be made immediately available.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"","subject":"data/code needed to validate articles","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"3. Data (and code, software, etc.) needed to validate/replicate the conclusions of articles should be made immediately available","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-20/c15","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/15fd3ce93bb446ff","nativeRecordCid":"be07e18b-09f8-45ce-9ff7-f3133d54bf1f","documentId":"open-science-source-20","id":"c15","text":"Other appropriate data should be FAIR (Findable, Accessible, Interoperable, Reusable).","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"","subject":"other appropriate data","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"4. Other appropriate data should be FAIR (Findable, Accessible, Interoperable, Reusable)","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-20/c16","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/c740c406e2164918","nativeRecordCid":"e6624dba-954e-40e6-bc12-36efc87462ef","documentId":"open-science-source-20","id":"c16","text":"Free public access to research outputs should be provided via either a digital repository maintained by the funding agency or an appropriate institutional or disciplinary repository.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"","subject":"public access to research outputs","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"5. Free public access to and long-term preservation of these research outputs should be provided via either a digital repository maintained by the funding agency or in an appropriate institutional or disciplinary repository.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-20/c17","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/f7818c6dc7e94989","nativeRecordCid":"9d9291e7-e556-4034-a791-99609c19d731","documentId":"open-science-source-20","id":"c17","text":"Long-term preservation of research outputs should be provided via either a digital repository maintained by the funding agency or an appropriate institutional or disciplinary repository.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"","subject":"preservation of research outputs","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"5. Free public access to and long-term preservation of these research outputs should be provided via either a digital repository maintained by the funding agency or in an appropriate institutional or disciplinary repository.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-20/c18","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/e5bdc7864b6a4a89","nativeRecordCid":"387efc50-0a56-45fd-9e26-23cab703f381","documentId":"open-science-source-20","id":"c18","text":"A clear statement from Federal funding agencies requiring immediate public access to research outputs would strengthen existing institutional policies by eliminating embargo periods and developing a national standard for managing and sharing data.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"effect of a clear federal access statement","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"A clear statement from Federal funding agencies requiring immediate public access to research outputs would strengthen existing institutional policies by eliminating embargo periods and developing a national standard for managing and sharing data.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-20/c19","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/82884b073f014c64","nativeRecordCid":"7c72d3e9-a4a3-41fa-b431-8d38dbb21f24","documentId":"open-science-source-20","id":"c19","text":"Using existing repository infrastructure provided by universities, funders, and scholarly societies would be a cost-effective method to provide immediate access to and preservation of research outputs, with no additional cost to authors or funders.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"existing repository infrastructure use","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Using existing repository infrastructure provided by universities, funders, and scholarly societies would be a cost-effective method to immediately provide access and preservation to these research outputs, with no additional cost to authors or funders.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-20/c20","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/2bf7b6e548834812","nativeRecordCid":"22410e45-71b5-4b4e-a65d-44964a47d7d3","documentId":"open-science-source-20","id":"c20","text":"Open access to outputs of publicly funded research is a widely accepted international policy strategy to increase the government's return on investment in research.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"open access as an international policy strategy","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Open access to outputs of publicly funded research is a widely accepted international policy strategy to increase the government’s return on investment in research.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-20/c21","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/8a639f796c014a7d","nativeRecordCid":"ee59237c-6d27-4202-a4a3-6260abc41a34","documentId":"open-science-source-20","id":"c21","text":"The U.S. is being left behind in adopting open access policies.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"U.S. standing in open access adoption","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The U.S. is being left behind; other countries including China, Canada, EU members, India, and Brazil are adopting open access policies to accelerate their scientific research, boost innovation and increase competitiveness.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-20/c22","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/c5e48596aeff4dc3","nativeRecordCid":"a60b86c9-c15d-4d32-8e1f-3e94858b9f0a","documentId":"open-science-source-20","id":"c22","text":"Other countries are adopting open access policies to accelerate their scientific research, boost innovation, and increase competitiveness.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"other countries adopting open access policies","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The U.S. is being left behind; other countries including China, Canada, EU members, India, and Brazil are adopting open access policies to accelerate their scientific research, boost innovation and increase competitiveness.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-20/c23","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/6a64ae44fb5c4882","nativeRecordCid":"821af8e7-40b6-4a3a-82c6-87545ac89c8c","documentId":"open-science-source-20","id":"c23","text":"Private funders have policies mandating open access of their funded research.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"private funders' open access policies","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Furthermore, private funders such as the Gates Foundation and the Wellcome Trust also have policies mandating open access of their funded research","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-20/c24","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/0525ee9c6dad4993","nativeRecordCid":"d8d7e3b9-c7d0-488c-8f3e-0dea75583a27","documentId":"open-science-source-20","id":"c24","text":"Open access to research boosts innovation.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"open access and innovation","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Open access to research boosts innovation, increases national competitiveness and provides a better return on taxpayer investments in research.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-20/c25","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/9d09e5022aeb45d0","nativeRecordCid":"456e7295-f14a-40ce-be6f-1f5957d69b34","documentId":"open-science-source-20","id":"c25","text":"Open access to research increases national competitiveness.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"open access and national competitiveness","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Open access to research boosts innovation, increases national competitiveness and provides a better return on taxpayer investments in research.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-20/c26","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/3315c026abe043ff","nativeRecordCid":"ec7a857d-b347-446f-b719-b2ab0d6047fc","documentId":"open-science-source-20","id":"c26","text":"Open access to research provides a better return on taxpayer investments in research.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"open access and return on investment","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Open access to research boosts innovation, increases national competitiveness and provides a better return on taxpayer investments in research.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-20/c27","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/d57fa87e6a804f46","nativeRecordCid":"acdc11e3-6c0a-477f-9745-597638c93a3e","documentId":"open-science-source-20","id":"c27","text":"America cannot play a leadership role in science if American scholars routinely cannot access critical research articles and data.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"American science leadership","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"America cannot play a leadership role in science if our scholars routinely cannot access critical research articles and data.","representedInStars":false}
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{"key":"open-science-source-20/c29","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/9b3c57491be64b70","nativeRecordCid":"47dfa480-8be1-4afd-b5d2-6d4f74bfddc2","documentId":"open-science-source-20","id":"c29","text":"A government-wide open access policy will increase Federal agency accountability.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"government-wide open access policy and agency accountability","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"It will increase Federal agency accountability and provide agencies with an improved accounting on the outcomes of their research.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-20/c30","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/53dd7ae604e94ac6","nativeRecordCid":"71945c6e-ed1f-49fe-aa90-269f2061daac","documentId":"open-science-source-20","id":"c30","text":"A government-wide open access policy will provide agencies with an improved accounting on the outcomes of their research.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"government-wide open access policy and outcome accounting","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"It will increase Federal agency accountability and provide agencies with an improved accounting on the outcomes of their research.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-20/c31","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/74596f5d74b1478e","nativeRecordCid":"7828fecd-8dab-42ef-8cf2-fec83982c4c0","documentId":"open-science-source-20","id":"c31","text":"A government-wide open access policy will help appropriators and authorizers more accurately assess the value of existing expenditures.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"open access policy and expenditure assessment","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"It will help appropriators, and authorizers more accurately assess the value of existing expenditures, and to target funding on the most promising research areas.","representedInStars":false}
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{"key":"open-science-source-20/c34","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/64b8637d26bc477a","nativeRecordCid":"5a498b9a-4354-4d23-86ac-8e3e807d692e","documentId":"open-science-source-20","id":"c34","text":"Improved rigor and reliability of taxpayer-funded research will in turn improve public trust in science.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"public trust in science","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"This will in turn improve the public trust in science and in research funded by the Federal Government in particular.","representedInStars":false}
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{"key":"open-science-source-20/c36","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/448cd4f113104878","nativeRecordCid":"0253cc66-56a0-4005-a8bf-af5e1b85ad81","documentId":"open-science-source-20","id":"c36","text":"The transparency that open access policies facilitate is vitally important.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"transparency facilitated by open access policies","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Now, as the country works to address the COVID-19 pandemic, the transparency, rigor, and speed that open access policies facilitate are vitally important.","representedInStars":false}
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{"key":"open-science-source-20/c38","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/ae108141ecc94c60","nativeRecordCid":"2f6c8acd-51bb-4808-af76-4801be19e26a","documentId":"open-science-source-20","id":"c38","text":"The speed that open access policies facilitate is vitally important.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"speed facilitated by open access policies","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Now, as the country works to address the COVID-19 pandemic, the transparency, rigor, and speed that open access policies facilitate are vitally important.","representedInStars":false}
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{"key":"open-science-source-20/c40","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/c832c337f5844d3c","nativeRecordCid":"4d7d5ac4-08ab-4015-a98b-a7835b950865","documentId":"open-science-source-20","id":"c40","text":"A Federal policy with the characteristics described in this response would position the country to best address similar challenges in the future.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"proposed federal policy's effect on future challenges","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"A Federal policy with the characteristics supported in this response would position our country to best address similar challenges in the future.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-21/c1","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/41814f17069a4407","nativeRecordCid":"e7ca2e65-2502-43e9-b381-66bee7f96341","documentId":"open-science-source-21","id":"c1","text":"Open sharing of research benefits society by accelerating the pace of discovery.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"open sharing of research","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"We believe this benefits society by accelerating the pace of discovery, reducing information-sharing gaps, encouraging innovation, and promoting reproducibility.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-21/c2","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/a560f66f0fcd45ed","nativeRecordCid":"6f77f0ed-9a7b-4a06-ad83-799458d161a9","documentId":"open-science-source-21","id":"c2","text":"Open sharing of research benefits society by reducing information-sharing gaps.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"open sharing of research","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"We believe this benefits society by accelerating the pace of discovery, reducing information-sharing gaps, encouraging innovation, and promoting reproducibility.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-21/c3","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/5e05c8988d7e4896","nativeRecordCid":"d77e2fd1-6c73-4c03-b16c-dde3c51701a5","documentId":"open-science-source-21","id":"c3","text":"Open sharing of research benefits society by encouraging innovation.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"open sharing of research","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"We believe this benefits society by accelerating the pace of discovery, reducing information-sharing gaps, encouraging innovation, and promoting reproducibility.","representedInStars":true}
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{"key":"open-science-source-21/c6","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/c275cb8d2a2e4b7f","nativeRecordCid":"dda888a8-6bbf-4f5a-8794-d32534788301","documentId":"open-science-source-21","id":"c6","text":"Open science makes it easier to test, replicate, and reproduce research findings.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"open science","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Briefly, open science: (1) makes it easier to test, replicate, and reproduce research findings; (2) enables better use of emerging technologies; (3) invites more contributors into the research conversation; (4) enables more innovative collaborations; (5) engenders public trust; and (6) is a prophylactic to research manipulation and suppression.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-21/c7","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/6dd168e9a751462f","nativeRecordCid":"d6fdbc23-c81e-42d4-b241-633dba272f05","documentId":"open-science-source-21","id":"c7","text":"Open science enables better use of emerging technologies.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"open science","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Briefly, open science: (1) makes it easier to test, replicate, and reproduce research findings; (2) enables better use of emerging technologies; (3) invites more contributors into the research conversation; (4) enables more innovative collaborations; (5) engenders public trust; and (6) is a prophylactic to research manipulation and suppression.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-21/c8","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/d57c1ddf61234835","nativeRecordCid":"e9821ad3-ff6e-4021-981f-e449e53fb5fa","documentId":"open-science-source-21","id":"c8","text":"Open science invites more contributors into the research conversation.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"open science","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Briefly, open science: (1) makes it easier to test, replicate, and reproduce research findings; (2) enables better use of emerging technologies; (3) invites more contributors into the research conversation; (4) enables more innovative collaborations; (5) engenders public trust; and (6) is a prophylactic to research manipulation and suppression.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-21/c9","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/c8062127357141e4","nativeRecordCid":"69f92b38-7c1e-40a7-b7b7-7e4e507679bb","documentId":"open-science-source-21","id":"c9","text":"Open science enables more innovative collaborations.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"open science","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Briefly, open science: (1) makes it easier to test, replicate, and reproduce research findings; (2) enables better use of emerging technologies; (3) invites more contributors into the research conversation; (4) enables more innovative collaborations; (5) engenders public trust; and (6) is a prophylactic to research manipulation and suppression.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-21/c10","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/95004c2f7a7044d9","nativeRecordCid":"74fb41c0-f07a-44ca-9f2f-38a9c0b54aef","documentId":"open-science-source-21","id":"c10","text":"Open science engenders public trust.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"open science","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Briefly, open science: (1) makes it easier to test, replicate, and reproduce research findings; (2) enables better use of emerging technologies; (3) invites more contributors into the research conversation; (4) enables more innovative collaborations; (5) engenders public trust; and (6) is a prophylactic to research manipulation and suppression.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-21/c11","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/644c61c6365b42ea","nativeRecordCid":"ce5ec4e9-7abc-4a21-98df-7d3f9ecea7c1","documentId":"open-science-source-21","id":"c11","text":"Open science is a prophylactic to research manipulation and suppression.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"open science","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Briefly, open science: (1) makes it easier to test, replicate, and reproduce research findings; (2) enables better use of emerging technologies; (3) invites more contributors into the research conversation; (4) enables more innovative collaborations; (5) engenders public trust; and (6) is a prophylactic to research manipulation and suppression.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-21/c12","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/0031a8f0dabd4518","nativeRecordCid":"79517d8b-b738-4f9a-8a3a-81eab122918a","documentId":"open-science-source-21","id":"c12","text":"Integrity policies are complex.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"integrity policies","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"While we realize that integrity policies are complex and should contain many elements, such as proper codes of conduct and reporting procedures, we focus our response on our area of expertise, open research and its ties to research integrity.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-21/c13","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/592cbe1f26a44e8f","nativeRecordCid":"270dffef-c72d-4b29-bad7-c1a3e9343516","documentId":"open-science-source-21","id":"c13","text":"Integrity policies should contain many elements, such as proper codes of conduct and reporting procedures.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"integrity policies","subject":"integrity policies","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"While we realize that integrity policies are complex and should contain many elements, such as proper codes of conduct and reporting procedures, we focus our response on our area of expertise, open research and its ties to research integrity.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-21/c14","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/bfa5993ab0d14b46","nativeRecordCid":"c25d08ad-bbed-4f9f-a268-6af92c6875ef","documentId":"open-science-source-21","id":"c14","text":"Openness and transparency must form the foundation of any approach designed to increase diversity, equity, inclusion, and accessibility.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"","subject":"openness and transparency in DEIA approaches","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"We strongly believe that openness and transparency must form the foundation of any approach designed to increase diversity, equity, inclusion, and accessibility.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-21/c15","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/8739df81ef414219","nativeRecordCid":"936a81ba-5f1a-4855-9dea-eccb05f41835","documentId":"open-science-source-21","id":"c15","text":"The current research system is riddled with barriers that limit who can access and contribute to the production of scientific knowledge and when.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"the current research system","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The current research system is riddled with barriers that limit who can access and contribute to the production of scientific knowledge and when.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-21/c16","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/7fb38802abe04027","nativeRecordCid":"08413fc1-3dc9-4059-bf6d-a961992276ee","documentId":"open-science-source-21","id":"c16","text":"Paywalls at subscription-based journals prevent citizens, patients, clinicians, policymakers, and scholars at institutions with limited resources from engaging with research.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"paywalls at subscription-based journals","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Paywalls at subscription-based journals prevent citizens, patients, clinicians, policymakers, and scholars at institutions with limited resources from engaging with research.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-21/c17","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/338e0dae5ed8492f","nativeRecordCid":"b9313eb8-719a-4f4e-8b60-4e0032c85597","documentId":"open-science-source-21","id":"c17","text":"If actors cannot read about new findings, it limits their ability to contribute back and help shape research agendas.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"inability to read new findings","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"If these actors cannot read about new findings, it in turn limits their ability to contribute back and help shape research agendas.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-21/c18","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/05386ba2b6e24e60","nativeRecordCid":"3da1d7bd-bd7b-4a1e-bd55-eceacae5fa96","documentId":"open-science-source-21","id":"c18","text":"Two-way communication and participation are crucial, especially for emerging modes of scholarship such as citizen science and community-engaged research.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"two-way communication and participation","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"This potential for two-way communication and participation is absolutely crucial, especially for emerging modes of scholarship such as citizen science and community-engaged research.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-21/c19","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/b695ae56e0944393","nativeRecordCid":"00aa1032-a7e4-43f9-9210-da29bc6f1ac4","documentId":"open-science-source-21","id":"c19","text":"The inaccessibility of research protocols, tangible materials, data, and code prevents other researchers from verifying, reproducing, or building upon results.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"inaccessibility of research protocols, materials, data, code","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"In addition, the inaccessibility of research protocols, tangible materials (e.g., new cell lines or animal models), data, and code means that other researchers cannot verify, reproduce, or build upon results – fundamental cornerstones of a transparent and trustworthy scientific endeavor.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-21/c20","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/28577ddfc3ca43f2","nativeRecordCid":"0ed2a5dc-3394-4bb4-b081-9827497d1200","documentId":"open-science-source-21","id":"c20","text":"Verifying, reproducing, and building upon results are fundamental cornerstones of a transparent and trustworthy scientific endeavor.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"verification, reproduction, building upon results","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"In addition, the inaccessibility of research protocols, tangible materials (e.g., new cell lines or animal models), data, and code means that other researchers cannot verify, reproduce, or build upon results – fundamental cornerstones of a transparent and trustworthy scientific endeavor.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-21/c21","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/e5daeda461664f8b","nativeRecordCid":"cda21648-bd6c-4272-ad02-35b5c309afef","documentId":"open-science-source-21","id":"c21","text":"Research outputs that are unavailable, or made public only under restrictive licenses and in proprietary formats, prevent the use of emerging technologies such as text and data mining software, machine learning, and artificial intelligence.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"unavailable or restrictively licensed research outputs","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Research outputs that are unavailable, or made public only under restrictive licenses and in proprietary formats, also prevent the use of emerging technologies such as text and data mining software, machine learning, and artificial intelligence.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-21/c22","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/4ae6cf25a377493f","nativeRecordCid":"ec484545-8f73-4b0f-9ced-8d2b43ccdff3","documentId":"open-science-source-21","id":"c22","text":"Emerging technologies are of increasing importance as the research community seeks to analyze, learn from, and make predictions using large and growing amounts of data.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"emerging technologies","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"to analyze, learn from, and make predictions using large and growing amounts of data, such as happens during public health emergencies.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-21/c23","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/2e85b5730f3d4c56","nativeRecordCid":"e71f8239-18be-4536-b948-fa0cdc78c7e9","documentId":"open-science-source-21","id":"c23","text":"CORD-19 is a large, openly available collection of publications and preprints on COVID-19 and related research, designed to increase accessibility and reusability.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"CORD-19","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"the COVID-19 Open Research Dataset (CORD-19)[5] is a large, openly available collection of publications and preprints on COVID-19 and related research, designed to increase not just accessibility but also reusability[6] .","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-21/c24","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/bf4794bec56545b1","nativeRecordCid":"6aec71e9-a2ba-48a5-b5a2-989bf99a8afb","documentId":"open-science-source-21","id":"c24","text":"Sharing research outputs in a timely manner and with licenses that encourage reuse attracts diverse perspectives.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"timely, reusable sharing of research outputs","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Sharing research outputs in a timely manner and with licenses that encourage reuse attracts diverse perspectives, stimulates more equitable knowledge production, facilitates collaboration, promotes reproducibility, and accelerates discovery.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-21/c25","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/65bd1ca7ea994f50","nativeRecordCid":"b96a162b-7975-4bf5-a340-4c8e3ea362e8","documentId":"open-science-source-21","id":"c25","text":"Sharing research outputs in a timely manner and with licenses that encourage reuse stimulates more equitable knowledge production.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"timely, reusable sharing of research outputs","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Sharing research outputs in a timely manner and with licenses that encourage reuse attracts diverse perspectives, stimulates more equitable knowledge production, facilitates collaboration, promotes reproducibility, and accelerates discovery.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-21/c26","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/625fbd75ff3c44a7","nativeRecordCid":"64226a01-310d-4ade-8605-965afc469b18","documentId":"open-science-source-21","id":"c26","text":"Sharing research outputs in a timely manner and with licenses that encourage reuse facilitates collaboration.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"timely, reusable sharing of research outputs","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Sharing research outputs in a timely manner and with licenses that encourage reuse attracts diverse perspectives, stimulates more equitable knowledge production, facilitates collaboration, promotes reproducibility, and accelerates discovery.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-21/c27","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/3ad5cec338dc4448","nativeRecordCid":"97949a2a-a6bf-4f5c-b29c-9f2b46e95ab3","documentId":"open-science-source-21","id":"c27","text":"Sharing research outputs in a timely manner and with licenses that encourage reuse promotes reproducibility.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"timely, reusable sharing of research outputs","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Sharing research outputs in a timely manner and with licenses that encourage reuse attracts diverse perspectives, stimulates more equitable knowledge production, facilitates collaboration, promotes reproducibility, and accelerates discovery.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-21/c28","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/6c14259a1fec426e","nativeRecordCid":"6844ddd6-400a-4e8e-9766-789f7c14deb6","documentId":"open-science-source-21","id":"c28","text":"Sharing research outputs in a timely manner and with licenses that encourage reuse accelerates discovery.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"timely, reusable sharing of research outputs","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Sharing research outputs in a timely manner and with licenses that encourage reuse attracts diverse perspectives, stimulates more equitable knowledge production, facilitates collaboration, promotes reproducibility, and accelerates discovery.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-21/c29","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/4fffd24ab1314b85","nativeRecordCid":"3a4e9e4c-a65c-4e8b-bb35-f3e149efc99d","documentId":"open-science-source-21","id":"c29","text":"OSTP must support the development and implementation of a national-level policy on open science.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"OSTP","subject":"national-level open science policy","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"For these reasons, we think it is vital that the OSTP support the development and implementation of a national-level policy on open science.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-21/c30","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/ad742b12ff6248d5","nativeRecordCid":"2f2c38c2-b092-4638-9631-9131b19d85bb","documentId":"open-science-source-21","id":"c30","text":"It is not sufficient for research integrity policies to simply refer to or rely on external policies encouraging or mandating open science.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"research integrity policies","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"However, we also consider that it will not be sufficient for research integrity policies to simply refer to or rely on external policies encouraging or mandating open science.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-21/c31","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/a73e49f937d74ba0","nativeRecordCid":"3e81d3b6-66ca-42e0-a069-594620e3b57f","documentId":"open-science-source-21","id":"c31","text":"Any integrity policy must have openness and transparency embedded throughout as guiding, core principles.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"federal agencies","subject":"integrity policy principles","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"To be fully effective and achieve the goals outlined by the OSTP Scientific Integrity Task Force, any integrity policy must have openness and transparency embedded throughout as guiding, core principles.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-21/c32","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/18b7d8f3ac78400d","nativeRecordCid":"1a74887b-96f1-4445-95fc-0c9e0e5fb40d","documentId":"open-science-source-21","id":"c32","text":"Research integrity policies should require outputs from all federally funded research to be openly shared as soon as possible and in a format that enables both human and machine readability.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"research integrity policies","subject":"sharing of federally funded research outputs","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Such policies should require outputs (articles, code, data, preprints, protocols, tangible materials, etc.) from all federally funded research to be openly shared as soon as possible and in a format that enables both human and machine readability.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-21/c33","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/a7e6d0d45bf546a8","nativeRecordCid":"9d975746-252b-48a7-9529-7a07e71b9839","documentId":"open-science-source-21","id":"c33","text":"Research integrity policies should include provisions to ensure maximum accessibility and reusability of shared research outputs.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"research integrity policies","subject":"accessibility and reusability of shared outputs","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Furthermore, such policies should include provisions to ensure not just maximum accessibility but also reusability of shared research outputs.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-21/c34","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/1409e16090314195","nativeRecordCid":"33c83d13-95fc-4e50-991b-77e8df503363","documentId":"open-science-source-21","id":"c34","text":"FAIR Principles recommend that data be shared in ways that maximize Findability, Accessibility, Interoperability, and Reuse.","kind":"definitional","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"FAIR Principles","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The FAIR Principles[9] have most commonly been discussed and applied in the context of data, recommending that data be shared in ways that maximize **F** indability, **A** ccessibility, **I** nteroperability, and **R** euse.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-21/c35","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/8fd71921f0e741d7","nativeRecordCid":"abadfc80-70f3-4d20-8dff-613e5d59e913","documentId":"open-science-source-21","id":"c35","text":"The FAIR factors of findability, accessibility, interoperability, and reuse should be strengthened for any shared research output.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"","subject":"shared research outputs","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"However, these are the same factors that should be strengthened for any shared research output, and as such, these guiding principles can be used to establish criteria that resource sharing clauses within an integrity policy should include:","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-21/c36","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/10955b3ff1654e4f","nativeRecordCid":"fc11adda-9bd0-431e-8e85-79fd518f2ebe","documentId":"open-science-source-21","id":"c36","text":"Shared outputs and any associated metadata should be assigned a unique and persistent identifier.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"","subject":"shared research outputs and metadata","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"All shared outputs (articles, data, code, preprints, protocols, etc.) and any associated metadata should be assigned a unique and **persistent identifier** (e.g., DOI).","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-21/c37","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/d3b6b94b1a5f4ab1","nativeRecordCid":"4b63349c-e184-4075-a74a-54778322b677","documentId":"open-science-source-21","id":"c37","text":"Outputs should be shared through trusted public repositories that assign persistent identifiers, have good search capabilities, and provide transparent version history.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"","subject":"sharing of research outputs","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Outputs should be shared through **trusted public repositories** that assign persistent identifiers, have good search capabilities, and provide transparent version history.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-21/c38","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/1d6ae7ef24ae4a58","nativeRecordCid":"ed0a3682-a8a7-475b-a96c-ff17fe99135b","documentId":"open-science-source-21","id":"c38","text":"Shared outputs should be accompanied with detailed metadata that allows other researchers to understand and reuse the materials.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"","subject":"shared research outputs","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"All shared outputs – especially those which are not self-contained and require additional explanation, like data and code/software – should be accompanied with **detailed metadata** that allows other researchers to understand and reuse the materials.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-21/c39","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/987cf63bbf20489a","nativeRecordCid":"96e9717b-3f04-4624-a99d-add16b6087ec","documentId":"open-science-source-21","id":"c39","text":"Outputs should be shared using non-proprietary file formats.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"","subject":"sharing of research outputs","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"All outputs should be shared using **non-proprietary file formats** , so that anyone can open, view, and otherwise reuse files without needing to use costly software (financial barriers) or software that may be discontinued (sustainability/preservation issues).","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-21/c40","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/78eb0ed911a64804","nativeRecordCid":"d2ac8d6d-f0ce-4706-9a9b-c25f0e51b0fc","documentId":"open-science-source-21","id":"c40","text":"Outputs should be shared under appropriate open licenses that maximize accessibility and reusability.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"","subject":"sharing of research outputs","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"All outputs should be shared under the appropriate **open licenses** that maximize not just accessibility but also reusability.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-21/c41","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/5090bf9b05be42b9","nativeRecordCid":"9fc3a8d8-407b-4e39-b4c6-6964187c0587","documentId":"open-science-source-21","id":"c41","text":"Research output availability should be maximized.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"","subject":"research output availability","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"While we should seek to maximize research output availability, we should also be aware that there are circumstances, especially with sensitive data, when improving integrity means not sharing everything.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-21/c42","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/4037c57721f34cc7","nativeRecordCid":"059be5a9-6203-4b8a-9c2d-55474d46045a","documentId":"open-science-source-21","id":"c42","text":"There are circumstances, especially with sensitive data, when improving integrity means not sharing everything.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"sharing of sensitive data","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"While we should seek to maximize research output availability, we should also be aware that there are circumstances, especially with sensitive data, when improving integrity means not sharing everything.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-21/c43","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/b497d2881ad24568","nativeRecordCid":"cd881ce9-3773-49bf-bba1-e76c82e93cf7","documentId":"open-science-source-21","id":"c43","text":"Research integrity policies should take into account community guidance on how to share research outputs responsibly.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"research integrity policies","subject":"responsible sharing of research outputs","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Research integrity policies should take into account community guidance on how to share research outputs responsibly, and protect research subjects, especially at-risk populations.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-21/c44","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/23d85553b1ef48fb","nativeRecordCid":"f292677b-ddda-41b5-a1b8-f3749e883a82","documentId":"open-science-source-21","id":"c44","text":"Research integrity policies should protect research subjects, especially at-risk populations.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"research integrity policies","subject":"protection of research subjects","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Research integrity policies should take into account community guidance on how to share research outputs responsibly, and protect research subjects, especially at-risk populations.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-21/c45","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/a17e54b6aa1d437a","nativeRecordCid":"208039a6-5200-4bb9-bb48-6645190e8244","documentId":"open-science-source-21","id":"c45","text":"Participants should be clearly informed about how their data will be shared, at the time of consent.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"","subject":"informed consent about data sharing","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"This means clearly explaining to participants how data will be shared at the time of consent, and best practices for de-identifying data[12] .","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-21/c46","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/ba03835e70c947ab","nativeRecordCid":"23b096bc-9f68-4904-b6b3-9decaffc4b6d","documentId":"open-science-source-21","id":"c46","text":"Data should be de-identified according to best practices.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"","subject":"de-identification of data","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"This means clearly explaining to participants how data will be shared at the time of consent, and best practices for de-identifying data[12] .","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-21/c47","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/e511be68939a4dfa","nativeRecordCid":"2a55bc29-694c-4984-b402-5ac7f6fe7492","documentId":"open-science-source-21","id":"c47","text":"The perspectives and autonomy of underrepresented groups who may be providing data must be taken into account.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"","subject":"underrepresented groups' perspectives and autonomy","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"It is also crucial to take into account the perspectives and autonomy of underrepresented groups who may be providing data.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-21/c48","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/aa91ea707f454f0d","nativeRecordCid":"b0b3afb1-ee85-4c01-83c0-26df294b4660","documentId":"open-science-source-21","id":"c48","text":"The CARE Principles for Indigenous Data Governance emphasize Collective Benefit, Authority to Control, Responsibility, and Ethics in sharing Indigenous data and knowledge.","kind":"definitional","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"CARE Principles","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The CARE Principles for Indigenous Data Governance[13] emphasize **C** ollective Benefit, **A** uthority to Control, **R** esponsibility, and **E** thics in sharing Indigenous data and knowledge.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-21/c49","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/b3a48f8b2bb24792","nativeRecordCid":"cc89f599-ef10-488f-ae72-a9695682167b","documentId":"open-science-source-21","id":"c49","text":"Integrity policies including output sharing should operate under the mantra 'as open as possible, as closed as necessary', requiring openness while being respectful and flexible with sharing practices and always asking whether a practice increases equity.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"integrity policies","subject":"output sharing under integrity policies","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"We recommend that integrity policies including output sharing operate under the mantra ‘as open as possible, as closed as necessary’, requiring openness but also being respectful and flexible with respect to sharing practices, always asking ‘does this increase equity’?","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-21/c50","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/10e6ddbf81da4a7e","nativeRecordCid":"8ecaffa7-62c0-4219-86a2-102d65703b3c","documentId":"open-science-source-21","id":"c50","text":"Integrity policies should require federally-funded researchers to submit plans that outline in detail how they will share research and how they will do so responsibly.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"integrity policies","subject":"researcher data-sharing plans","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Integrity policies should require federally-funded researchers to submit plans that outline in detail not just how they will share research, but how they will do so responsibly.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-21/c51","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/46460760100747ce","nativeRecordCid":"2b967693-3ab3-4786-b9f0-f2dc68c346ad","documentId":"open-science-source-21","id":"c51","text":"Research should be evaluated not just based on outputs, but on researchers' responsible practices from conception to delivery, including development of the research idea, research design, methodology, execution, and effective dissemination.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"","subject":"evaluation of research","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The Hong Kong Principles[14] (HKPs) were created with a focus on research integrity, and say that research should be evaluated not just based on outputs, but rather that we should “assess researchers on responsible practices from conception to delivery, including the development of the research idea, research design, methodology, execution, and effective dissemination”.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-21/c52","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/fd14206c61534640","nativeRecordCid":"3ebf3c8d-8ea7-416c-928f-806754f677f5","documentId":"open-science-source-21","id":"c52","text":"Sharing of research protocols and reuse of those protocols by other researchers could be built into the criteria of a research integrity policy.","kind":"normative","modality":"may","actor":"","subject":"research integrity policy criteria","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"**Sharing of research protocols** , and **reuse** of those protocols by other researchers: Protocol sharing can be an indicator of transparency and bias reduction, while reuse could be an indicator of quality (other researchers use protocols that work), reproducibility, usefulness, and impact in the field.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-21/c53","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/3c390abf9b104448","nativeRecordCid":"094e453c-8785-410e-ae06-9cddead5f3cc","documentId":"open-science-source-21","id":"c53","text":"Protocol sharing can be an indicator of transparency and bias reduction.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"protocol sharing","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"**Sharing of research protocols** , and **reuse** of those protocols by other researchers: Protocol sharing can be an indicator of transparency and bias reduction, while reuse could be an indicator of quality (other researchers use protocols that work), reproducibility, usefulness, and impact in the field.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-21/c54","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/9443ca36b40543b1","nativeRecordCid":"f5760042-1c24-47cb-8498-dfa3ff4fc470","documentId":"open-science-source-21","id":"c54","text":"Reuse of protocols can be an indicator of quality, reproducibility, usefulness, and impact in the field.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"reuse of research protocols","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"**Sharing of research protocols** , and **reuse** of those protocols by other researchers: Protocol sharing can be an indicator of transparency and bias reduction, while reuse could be an indicator of quality (other researchers use protocols that work), reproducibility, usefulness, and impact in the field.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-21/c55","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/2909011f4d7c4e0d","nativeRecordCid":"be82b49e-b372-48f2-978b-cc7f9468c280","documentId":"open-science-source-21","id":"c55","text":"Persistent identifiers assigned to protocols can enable good citation practices.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"persistent identifiers for protocols","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"In line with the recommendations above in the context of FAIR, persistent identifiers assigned to protocols can enable good citation practices and help track reuse of these products.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-21/c56","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/c46fa201f64b48c9","nativeRecordCid":"06f1d346-f0c2-4547-a4fd-a492094eb6b3","documentId":"open-science-source-21","id":"c56","text":"Persistent identifiers assigned to protocols can help track reuse of these products.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"persistent identifiers for protocols","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"In line with the recommendations above in the context of FAIR, persistent identifiers assigned to protocols can enable good citation practices and help track reuse of these products.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-21/c57","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/814f1d00aada4923","nativeRecordCid":"8babe4b6-0e49-4406-a3dc-f279b387c4fe","documentId":"open-science-source-21","id":"c57","text":"Preregistration of research studies could be built into the criteria of a research integrity policy.","kind":"normative","modality":"may","actor":"","subject":"research integrity policy criteria","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"**Preregistration of research studies** : Preregistration involves outlining hypotheses and analysis methods prior to conducting a study, and could be another indicator of transparency and bias reduction.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-21/c58","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/dfbf79f4d7324cac","nativeRecordCid":"baa11ac6-2630-4d30-be74-bdba4c5435d7","documentId":"open-science-source-21","id":"c58","text":"Preregistration involves outlining hypotheses and analysis methods prior to conducting a study.","kind":"definitional","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"preregistration","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"**Preregistration of research studies** : Preregistration involves outlining hypotheses and analysis methods prior to conducting a study, and could be another indicator of transparency and bias reduction.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-21/c59","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/dae708a4d728424d","nativeRecordCid":"8af725ab-c821-4f49-84fe-8a9ba44625ff","documentId":"open-science-source-21","id":"c59","text":"Preregistration could be another indicator of transparency and bias reduction.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"preregistration","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"**Preregistration of research studies** : Preregistration involves outlining hypotheses and analysis methods prior to conducting a study, and could be another indicator of transparency and bias reduction.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-21/c60","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/6590dd07a6134edc","nativeRecordCid":"45bdcc1c-4a34-4be1-a2ed-b624ce31276f","documentId":"open-science-source-21","id":"c60","text":"If a preregistration plan includes details about what types of research outputs will be produced and where they might be shared, this enables finding and tracking use of these products later.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"preregistration plan details","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"In addition, if the preregistration plan includes details about what types of research outputs will be produced and where they might be shared, this will enable finding and tracking use of these products later.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-21/c61","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/5a13c6c764ee4bcd","nativeRecordCid":"af56d59b-e04f-40eb-82ad-f1b4fcd06868","documentId":"open-science-source-21","id":"c61","text":"Sharing of data, code, and tangible materials, and reuse of these outputs could be built into the criteria of a research integrity policy.","kind":"normative","modality":"may","actor":"","subject":"research integrity policy criteria","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"**Sharing of data, code, and tangible materials** , and **reuse** of these outputs: As with protocol sharing, sharing these research outputs can be an indicator of transparency, and reuse indicates quality, usefulness, and impact in the field.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-21/c62","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/9284ca30d1544a65","nativeRecordCid":"3cd1e600-1bbe-455b-b99a-aacbf7459c08","documentId":"open-science-source-21","id":"c62","text":"Sharing of data, code, and tangible materials can be an indicator of transparency.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"sharing of data, code, tangible materials","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"**Sharing of data, code, and tangible materials** , and **reuse** of these outputs: As with protocol sharing, sharing these research outputs can be an indicator of transparency, and reuse indicates quality, usefulness, and impact in the field.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-21/c63","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/ded3edcc38c14063","nativeRecordCid":"970e53b3-fca2-43d8-ae28-684c72094002","documentId":"open-science-source-21","id":"c63","text":"Reuse of data, code, and tangible materials indicates quality, usefulness, and impact in the field.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"reuse of data, code, tangible materials","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"**Sharing of data, code, and tangible materials** , and **reuse** of these outputs: As with protocol sharing, sharing these research outputs can be an indicator of transparency, and reuse indicates quality, usefulness, and impact in the field.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-21/c64","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/b0c60d4d04b9471a","nativeRecordCid":"e845c028-12f4-460b-b733-871564986a6c","documentId":"open-science-source-21","id":"c64","text":"Persistent identifiers are crucial for good citation practices and tracking.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"persistent identifiers","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Again, persistent identifiers are crucial for good citation practices and tracking, but HKPs authors also emphasize going beyond citation counts and looking at alternative metrics.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-21/c65","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/15076810bc6f4460","nativeRecordCid":"a4ed16fe-e6e9-4a8c-b4fb-690cc1058fef","documentId":"open-science-source-21","id":"c65","text":"Use of reporting guidelines could be built into the criteria of a research integrity policy.","kind":"normative","modality":"may","actor":"","subject":"research integrity policy criteria","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"**Use of reporting guidelines** : Research integrity and reproducibility is improved when descriptions of research methodology and results are as standardized and complete as possible.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-21/c66","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/0cfeaa852ab14400","nativeRecordCid":"1a2da91b-c278-4e49-85c4-3abd70b5c50b","documentId":"open-science-source-21","id":"c66","text":"Research integrity and reproducibility is improved when descriptions of research methodology and results are as standardized and complete as possible.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"standardized reporting of methodology and results","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"**Use of reporting guidelines** : Research integrity and reproducibility is improved when descriptions of research methodology and results are as standardized and complete as possible.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-21/c67","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/6331642e86104456","nativeRecordCid":"3d53da94-254d-4e03-a4fe-ea29c75919a3","documentId":"open-science-source-21","id":"c67","text":"Use of reporting guidelines can be indicators of research transparency and quality.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"reporting guidelines","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Thus, use of such guidelines can be indicators of research transparency and quality.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-21/c68","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/8686adea53cd41f3","nativeRecordCid":"28fb2ec0-fc07-4712-99a0-f9473f984d07","documentId":"open-science-source-21","id":"c68","text":"Assessing whether scientific integrity policies are having the intended effects requires both preliminary and sustained data collection on the part of federal agencies.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"federal agencies","subject":"evaluation of scientific integrity policies","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"To assess whether scientific integrity policies are having the intended effects will require both preliminary and sustained data collection on the part of federal agencies.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-21/c69","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/71928fe183d64e6f","nativeRecordCid":"b2e408a0-d752-4e08-b539-34ef364a2bc8","documentId":"open-science-source-21","id":"c69","text":"Agencies must conduct regular evaluations to determine whether integrity policies contain the necessary elements, are positively impacting the intended communities, and are having the desired outcomes.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"agencies","subject":"evaluation of integrity policies","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"It will be important for agencies to conduct regular evaluations to determine whether integrity policies contain the necessary elements, are positively impacting the intended communities, and are having the desired outcomes.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-21/c70","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/f079fdfa9c2f4c2f","nativeRecordCid":"2f78b86c-7e45-474c-9936-5757f6f058a9","documentId":"open-science-source-21","id":"c70","text":"Evaluations should be done annually, especially in the first few years of implementation.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"agencies","subject":"frequency of policy evaluations","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Especially in the first few years of implementation, evaluations should be done annually so potential issues can be detected and corrected early.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-21/c71","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/5734be337c8744e5","nativeRecordCid":"64982cb4-180f-4312-aabe-b5319a3cba1e","documentId":"open-science-source-21","id":"c71","text":"Evaluations should involve a multi-pronged approach with data collected from various sources.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"agencies","subject":"evaluation methodology","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Evaluations should involve a multi-pronged approach with data collected from various sources.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-21/c72","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/14c812bf6df649a4","nativeRecordCid":"47a46c95-9888-400d-8006-89b32a21e2ee","documentId":"open-science-source-21","id":"c72","text":"Agencies should update their reporting systems to ask grantees if and where they have shared different research outputs.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"agencies","subject":"grantee reporting systems","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"If the capacity is not already built in, agencies should update their reporting systems to ask grantees if and where they have shared different research outputs, and additional prompts should ask grantees to list the persistent identifier and license for each output.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-21/c73","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/c845dfb8b67441bb","nativeRecordCid":"7e17b3e1-af12-4b31-91fb-627a41fe94f0","documentId":"open-science-source-21","id":"c73","text":"Additional prompts should ask grantees to list the persistent identifier and license for each output.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"agencies","subject":"grantee reporting prompts","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"If the capacity is not already built in, agencies should update their reporting systems to ask grantees if and where they have shared different research outputs, and additional prompts should ask grantees to list the persistent identifier and license for each output.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-21/c74","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/a3e8950c48c041f4","nativeRecordCid":"8f5c15b5-f59d-4d14-a7b3-71bb9a120940","documentId":"open-science-source-21","id":"c74","text":"Agencies should use external tools, in addition to grantee-reported data, to find and analyze the availability and impact of articles, data, and other research products.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"agencies","subject":"external tracking tools","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"To complement grantee-reported data, agencies should also use external tools such as those provided by the National Library of Medicine[22] , Europe PMC[23] , Our Research[24] , and OA Works[25] , among others, that can help agencies find and analyze the availability and impact of articles, data, and other research products.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-21/c75","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/f6fc27959fbe4a09","nativeRecordCid":"4c45c175-0e0d-4ed5-a06d-d36c72fbff41","documentId":"open-science-source-21","id":"c75","text":"Agencies should use community-led, open source infrastructure tools for policy compliance and output tracking when possible.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"agencies","subject":"open source infrastructure tools","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"It is recommended that, when possible, agencies use community-led, open source infrastructure tools for policy compliance and output tracking, which provide transparent and verifiable data.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-21/c76","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/3e8f774afce94849","nativeRecordCid":"dcf4f847-3e99-48a8-b68f-b035a5d1c17a","documentId":"open-science-source-21","id":"c76","text":"Community-led, open source infrastructure tools provide transparent and verifiable data.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"community-led open source infrastructure tools","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"It is recommended that, when possible, agencies use community-led, open source infrastructure tools for policy compliance and output tracking, which provide transparent and verifiable data.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-21/c77","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/4bb71579084741d7","nativeRecordCid":"82424137-e575-4fc5-b7d1-36b22ac051e9","documentId":"open-science-source-21","id":"c77","text":"Federal agencies should commit funding to the development and maintenance of open infrastructure, including but not limited to research sharing repositories.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"federal agencies","subject":"funding of open infrastructure","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"We suggest that federal agencies commit funding to the development and maintenance of open infrastructure, including but not limited to research sharing repositories.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-21/c78","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/3278455a61234413","nativeRecordCid":"2efe3bc5-fc65-4e25-b10f-3b3afa10c4f2","documentId":"open-science-source-21","id":"c78","text":"Open infrastructure can serve as a key enabler of open science.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"open infrastructure","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Open infrastructure can serve as both a key enabler of open science, but also as a way to make evaluating compliance with integrity policies achievable at scale.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-21/c79","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/2d99717486d4450d","nativeRecordCid":"98485d47-689b-4d72-8ec2-503d6372b621","documentId":"open-science-source-21","id":"c79","text":"Open infrastructure can make evaluating compliance with integrity policies achievable at scale.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"open infrastructure","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Open infrastructure can serve as both a key enabler of open science, but also as a way to make evaluating compliance with integrity policies achievable at scale.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-21/c80","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/222568036174413a","nativeRecordCid":"7a9e8181-d7f7-43f6-861e-8a2b4fbbdd60","documentId":"open-science-source-21","id":"c80","text":"Combining grantee reporting and data from external tools allows agencies to get estimated rates of compliance with different policy requirements and provisions.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"grantee reporting combined with external tool data","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The combination of these two approaches – grantee reporting and data from external tools – will allow agencies to get estimated rates of compliance with different policy requirements and provisions.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-21/c81","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/ef71940ff5b741b2","nativeRecordCid":"41849a8c-9a9d-4d8a-a18a-81b3e6e2eaba","documentId":"open-science-source-21","id":"c81","text":"Agencies should report compliance numbers back to OSTP annually.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"agencies","subject":"reporting of compliance numbers","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Agencies should be required to report these numbers back to OSTP, and also share them publicly, on an annual basis.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-21/c82","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/ce8ce24beb38482b","nativeRecordCid":"7c08368f-f15c-4a16-b22e-359c17ff27a3","documentId":"open-science-source-21","id":"c82","text":"Agencies should share compliance numbers publicly annually.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"agencies","subject":"public sharing of compliance numbers","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Agencies should be required to report these numbers back to OSTP, and also share them publicly, on an annual basis.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-21/c83","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/3200eb4cb7694482","nativeRecordCid":"a046eda6-1530-4846-99ea-53b2cd54a8cb","documentId":"open-science-source-21","id":"c83","text":"Feedback should be regularly solicited from both grantees and the wider academic community on policy components, language, and outcomes.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"agencies","subject":"solicitation of feedback on policies","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Feedback should also be regularly solicited from both grantees and the wider academic community on policy components, language, and outcomes.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-21/c84","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/6ff72f61fb3a441b","nativeRecordCid":"5ce97dcb-3c54-41ac-8c06-d74d90a11355","documentId":"open-science-source-21","id":"c84","text":"Federal agencies should regularly consult expert advisors, including but not limited to those specializing in copyright, DEI, new research technologies, open research, and responsible metrics.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"federal agencies","subject":"consultation of expert advisors","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"To make sure policies are current and taking into account the latest research and understanding on emerging issues, federal agencies should also regularly consult expert advisors, including but not limited to those specializing in copyright, DEI (diversity, equity, inclusion), new research technologies, open research, and responsible metrics.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-21/c85","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/e61f3e78237d438c","nativeRecordCid":"5fdf5006-d873-44f4-9733-8c9f16b89328","documentId":"open-science-source-21","id":"c85","text":"Efforts to increase research integrity must be developed in collaboration with the communities who are in the best position to say what strategies will work and who will be most affected by these policies.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"","subject":"development of research integrity efforts","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"It is crucial that efforts to increase research integrity be developed in collaboration with the very communities who are both in the best position to say what strategies will work and will also be most affected by these policies.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-21/c86","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/621d81a53f184299","nativeRecordCid":"5e8382c0-0155-4adb-99ed-5654477abed0","documentId":"open-science-source-21","id":"c86","text":"Co-creation and agency receptiveness to feedback are key factors in policy adoption.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"co-creation and agency receptiveness","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Co-creation and agency receptiveness to feedback will be key factors in policy adoption, compliance, and iterative improvement.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-21/c87","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/d04fee6784314474","nativeRecordCid":"af8a0f06-9e65-482d-9d2a-3c21fc0e19a0","documentId":"open-science-source-21","id":"c87","text":"Co-creation and agency receptiveness to feedback are key factors in policy compliance.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"co-creation and agency receptiveness","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Co-creation and agency receptiveness to feedback will be key factors in policy adoption, compliance, and iterative improvement.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-21/c88","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/f5be3be1386a4f05","nativeRecordCid":"371f159c-c29f-4330-befb-e7bdc968dad8","documentId":"open-science-source-21","id":"c88","text":"Co-creation and agency receptiveness to feedback are key factors in policy iterative improvement.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"co-creation and agency receptiveness","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Co-creation and agency receptiveness to feedback will be key factors in policy adoption, compliance, and iterative improvement.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-21/c89","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/244c83d336014517","nativeRecordCid":"d5ddc283-7c33-4e2d-b9b9-44680b8c460a","documentId":"open-science-source-21","id":"c89","text":"Building a sustainable culture of scientific integrity requires realigning academic incentives to reward open and transparent practices.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"","subject":"culture of scientific integrity","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"We believe that to build a sustainable culture of scientific integrity will require realigning academic incentives and reforming research evaluation systems to reward open and transparent practices.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-21/c90","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/677229fc11204cf3","nativeRecordCid":"badfd380-4390-4c3f-a0d5-a45ab252197c","documentId":"open-science-source-21","id":"c90","text":"Building a sustainable culture of scientific integrity requires reforming research evaluation systems to reward open and transparent practices.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"","subject":"culture of scientific integrity","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"We believe that to build a sustainable culture of scientific integrity will require realigning academic incentives and reforming research evaluation systems to reward open and transparent practices.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-21/c91","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/ddcc589d201d4d96","nativeRecordCid":"d0c6f607-46ac-4b51-86c8-1569b65087d4","documentId":"open-science-source-21","id":"c91","text":"Mutually reinforcing vectors across the research ecosystem are needed to support open research practices.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"","subject":"mutually reinforcing vectors","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The Roundtable has further developed this idea into a unified theory of change, honed across three years and hundreds of conversations, positing the need for “mutually reinforcing vectors” in support of open research practices.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-21/c92","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/2e041842efc04493","nativeRecordCid":"01098292-1ad7-443e-a88f-ad982e77680b","documentId":"open-science-source-21","id":"c92","text":"In an environment of mutually reinforcing vectors, the guidance and incentives that researchers receive from department chairs, university leadership, funders, professional societies, and others consistently point toward openness.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"mutually reinforcing vectors environment","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"This is an environment in which the guidance and incentives that researchers receive from their department chairs, university leadership, funders, professional societies, and others consistently point toward openness.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-21/c93","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/1b5fe3b505fd4bee","nativeRecordCid":"673bc953-c18e-46ba-b8d9-00fcab63734f","documentId":"open-science-source-21","id":"c93","text":"The Roundtable's open science toolkit can be adapted and adopted by a range of stakeholders to fundamentally improve research incentives.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"Roundtable's open science toolkit","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"As part of this work, the Roundtable recently released an open science toolkit[28] , a modular set of resources – including best practices; open science success stories; and sample language and rubrics for hiring, reviews, grantmaking, and tenure & promotion – that can be adapted and adopted by a range of stakeholders to fundamentally improve research incentives.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-21/c94","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/3469517644a54541","nativeRecordCid":"c1f41b57-f652-4cd6-83f1-e8e30f71214b","documentId":"open-science-source-21","id":"c94","text":"HELIOS is a cohort of colleges and universities committed to collective action to advance open scholarship within and across their campuses.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"HELIOS","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"In addition, emerging from the Roundtable, the ORFG has launched the Higher Education Leadership Initiative for Open Scholarship (HELIOS)[29] , a cohort of 65 colleges and universities committed to collective action to advance open scholarship within and across their campuses[30] .","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-21/c95","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/cf08758831fb4736","nativeRecordCid":"0ed199dd-f5bd-4680-b17c-02ede1e1bb11","documentId":"open-science-source-21","id":"c95","text":"Federal agencies have an opportunity to align with academic institutions, private funders, and other stakeholders to be one of the mutually reinforcing vectors pointing toward openness.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"federal agencies' opportunity to align","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Federal agencies have an opportunity here to similarly align with academic institutions, private funders, and other stakeholders – to be one of those mutually reinforcing vectors pointing towards openness, and in this way move closer to the deep and long-lasting cultural change needed to improve scientific integrity.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-21/c96","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/e5f042eb589c4a3a","nativeRecordCid":"f737d49c-0cfe-4222-8e30-4d20cbcd1f6a","documentId":"open-science-source-21","id":"c96","text":"Deep and long-lasting cultural change is needed to improve scientific integrity.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"","subject":"cultural change for scientific integrity","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Federal agencies have an opportunity here to similarly align with academic institutions, private funders, and other stakeholders – to be one of those mutually reinforcing vectors pointing towards openness, and in this way move closer to the deep and long-lasting cultural change needed to improve scientific integrity.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-21/c97","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/db03ccba68864c82","nativeRecordCid":"9d985188-2043-4804-bfdf-3df69619579b","documentId":"open-science-source-21","id":"c97","text":"Federal agencies should review and revise any language or criteria associated with evaluating grantees and their research to incentivize open and transparent practices.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"federal agencies","subject":"grantee evaluation criteria","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"We therefore recommend that in the process of developing their integrity policies, federal agencies also review and revise any language or criteria associated with evaluating grantees and their research to incentivize open and transparent practices.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-21/c98","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/dbf92f6367bf4642","nativeRecordCid":"ab62ca81-0078-45b8-a167-7f215a93a8f1","documentId":"open-science-source-21","id":"c98","text":"Diverse research outputs should be valued in research assessments.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"","subject":"valuation of diverse research outputs","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"a reimagining outputs worksheet[33] that outlines the diverse outputs that should be valued in research assessments, their importance to the ecosystem, and considerations for each.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-21/c99","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/2416ec7d5ffd406d","nativeRecordCid":"692799f5-2627-437a-8ec4-9fe0a84070be","documentId":"open-science-source-21","id":"c99","text":"The Open Research Funders Group (ORFG) is a partnership of philanthropic organizations committed to the open sharing of research.","kind":"definitional","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"ORFG","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The [Open Research Funders Group](https://www.orfg.org/) [(ORFG)](https://www.orfg.org/) is a partnership of philanthropic organizations committed to the open sharing of research.","representedInStars":false}
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{"key":"open-science-source-21/c101","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/73ca0f1d2e1f4c33","nativeRecordCid":"5cf30f65-fd9f-4a38-bd55-66e56b9aa0ea","documentId":"open-science-source-21","id":"c101","text":"The ORFG engages a range of actors to develop actionable principles and policies that encourage greater dissemination, transparency, replicability, and reuse of papers, data, and other research outputs.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"ORFG's principles and policies","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The ORFG engages a range of actors to develop actionable principles and policies that encourage greater dissemination, transparency, replicability, and reuse of papers, data, and other research outputs.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-21/c102","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/bbdeb180f29c4488","nativeRecordCid":"0bb91b0f-c7ee-476b-ac41-713875fa2086","documentId":"open-science-source-21","id":"c102","text":"The proliferation in the volume and types of research being created and disseminated, and the diversity of dissemination channels, is a challenge.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"proliferation of research volume and channels","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Proliferation in the volume and types of research being created and disseminated, and the diversity of dissemination channels, is both a challenge and an opportunity.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-21/c103","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/967084be75034ba0","nativeRecordCid":"c158ae7e-a520-4f25-a527-dc4d8bc0a88f","documentId":"open-science-source-21","id":"c103","text":"The proliferation in the volume and types of research being created and disseminated, and the diversity of dissemination channels, is an opportunity.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"proliferation of research volume and channels","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Proliferation in the volume and types of research being created and disseminated, and the diversity of dissemination channels, is both a challenge and an opportunity.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-21/c104","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/d8870da8bb2d4a00","nativeRecordCid":"ac17d7c9-8883-436e-832b-c9b64d479ed0","documentId":"open-science-source-21","id":"c104","text":"Answering questions about what research outputs are produced and how they are reused could help funders better measure the impact of their grant dollars.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"answering output tracking questions","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Answering these and related questions could help funders better measure both the impact of their grant dollars and of their research sharing policies.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-21/c105","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/52b964207c554fc3","nativeRecordCid":"d0c7eedb-2375-4733-b878-ef89175421a5","documentId":"open-science-source-21","id":"c105","text":"Answering questions about what research outputs are produced and how they are reused could help funders better measure the impact of their research sharing policies.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"answering output tracking questions","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Answering these and related questions could help funders better measure both the impact of their grant dollars and of their research sharing policies.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-21/c106","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/0f8e0848eae24790","nativeRecordCid":"2fadea20-a2e3-4bfe-92a1-48f8499155c9","documentId":"open-science-source-21","id":"c106","text":"Improved output tracking and associated good practices could help the larger academic community by making research outputs more discoverable.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"improved research output tracking","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"In addition, improved output tracking, and the good practices associated with this endeavor, could help the larger academic community by making research outputs more discoverable, more reusable, and generating evidence on the broader benefits of research sharing.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-21/c107","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/3a1eebd77b9d4a77","nativeRecordCid":"d3a490b8-6027-4aca-a751-7478b4c732ad","documentId":"open-science-source-21","id":"c107","text":"Improved output tracking and associated good practices could help the larger academic community by making research outputs more reusable.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"improved research output tracking","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"In addition, improved output tracking, and the good practices associated with this endeavor, could help the larger academic community by making research outputs more discoverable, more reusable, and generating evidence on the broader benefits of research sharing.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-21/c108","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/bc808d8723fe4cc2","nativeRecordCid":"fc35d4ac-cbf8-4f2a-b2c0-74575cb209e0","documentId":"open-science-source-21","id":"c108","text":"Improved output tracking and associated good practices could help the larger academic community by generating evidence on the broader benefits of research sharing.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"improved research output tracking","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"In addition, improved output tracking, and the good practices associated with this endeavor, could help the larger academic community by making research outputs more discoverable, more reusable, and generating evidence on the broader benefits of research sharing.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-21/c109","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/d3d089900c214f7a","nativeRecordCid":"4993b6f7-679f-4a02-8638-810d0a2c139d","documentId":"open-science-source-21","id":"c109","text":"Funder acknowledgments are one of the ways that funders track publications resulting from their grants.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"funder acknowledgments","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"**Funder acknowledgments**are one of the ways that funders track publications resulting from their grants.","representedInStars":false}
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{"key":"open-science-source-21/c111","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/24326499ea4b4bc2","nativeRecordCid":"43aab4ec-654f-46c5-9ffb-cc1da6e33e3a","documentId":"open-science-source-21","id":"c111","text":"Funder acknowledgments are not always included on other types of research outputs.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"funder acknowledgments","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"funder acknowledgments are not always included on other types of research outputs, or may not be submitted as metadata to the indexing organizations.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-21/c112","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/f73fb8b4d91e4c8b","nativeRecordCid":"c4ed7cc6-e3c8-47df-81ab-663f749d6e1c","documentId":"open-science-source-21","id":"c112","text":"Funder acknowledgments may not be submitted as metadata to the indexing organizations.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"funder acknowledgments","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"funder acknowledgments are not always included on other types of research outputs, or may not be submitted as metadata to the indexing organizations.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-21/c113","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/6a4e629b3af44c2c","nativeRecordCid":"efa1b1df-9f59-421a-94b1-523e5306d805","documentId":"open-science-source-21","id":"c113","text":"Authors should list both the funder ID and grant ID or DOI in a standardized funding acknowledgment section of their manuscripts.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"authors","subject":"funder and grant ID listing","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"To complement these actions, we encourage **publishers** to require authors to list both the funder ID and grant ID or DOI in a standardized funding acknowledgment section of their manuscripts.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-21/c114","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/4225d7e078b549e4","nativeRecordCid":"1dfc8f86-45d8-4735-8b5c-98d3ce8f380e","documentId":"open-science-source-21","id":"c114","text":"Publishers may work with their editorial management systems to ensure there are specific prompts for grantees to enter funder and grant identification information.","kind":"normative","modality":"may","actor":"publishers","subject":"editorial management system prompts","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Publishers could work with their **editorial management systems** to ensure there are specific prompts for grantees to enter this information.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-21/c115","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/5fe060db02ce4176","nativeRecordCid":"f3267738-e964-4ee2-bacf-d82738a018f9","documentId":"open-science-source-21","id":"c115","text":"Researchers submitting to content repositories should list both the funder ID and grant ID or DOI.","kind":"normative","modality":"may","actor":"researchers submitting to content repositories","subject":"funder and grant ID listing","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Similarly, **content repositories** (data or code repositories, preprint servers, etc.) could require submitting researchers to list both the funder ID and grant ID or DOI.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-21/c116","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/c9d0605813884ce0","nativeRecordCid":"a5c8a2e1-430e-42dd-b632-955e35abd902","documentId":"open-science-source-21","id":"c116","text":"Content repositories may establish a standardized and prominent place within the repository record to include information about the funding source.","kind":"normative","modality":"may","actor":"content repositories","subject":"funding source information placement","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"They could also establish a standardized and prominent place within the repository record to include information about the funding source.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-21/c117","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/051ca6e6710845dd","nativeRecordCid":"0a3380a4-c0ee-4de5-bec1-60e31ead9137","documentId":"open-science-source-21","id":"c117","text":"Persistent identifiers (PIDs) improve discoverability of research outputs.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"persistent identifiers (PIDs)","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"**Persistent identifiers**(PIDs) improve discoverability of research outputs, facilitate good citation practices, and prevent ‘link rot’ — all of which could help funders better track research outputs and their reuse.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-21/c118","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/2fc83e1439144749","nativeRecordCid":"8fdaa38d-da3e-4022-87dd-f22ebff6ad9e","documentId":"open-science-source-21","id":"c118","text":"Persistent identifiers (PIDs) facilitate good citation practices.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"persistent identifiers (PIDs)","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"**Persistent identifiers**(PIDs) improve discoverability of research outputs, facilitate good citation practices, and prevent ‘link rot’ — all of which could help funders better track research outputs and their reuse.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-21/c119","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/490aa41772fa4263","nativeRecordCid":"7cc6caee-860f-46ed-a7d2-39eb33b8a4b8","documentId":"open-science-source-21","id":"c119","text":"Persistent identifiers (PIDs) prevent link rot.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"persistent identifiers (PIDs)","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"**Persistent identifiers**(PIDs) improve discoverability of research outputs, facilitate good citation practices, and prevent ‘link rot’ — all of which could help funders better track research outputs and their reuse.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-21/c120","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/b12f3007ed9d4edf","nativeRecordCid":"f2da98ac-7e4d-491b-acd2-49c560c35410","documentId":"open-science-source-21","id":"c120","text":"Persistent identifiers (PIDs) could help funders better track research outputs and their reuse.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"persistent identifiers (PIDs)","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"**Persistent identifiers**(PIDs) improve discoverability of research outputs, facilitate good citation practices, and prevent ‘link rot’ — all of which could help funders better track research outputs and their reuse.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-21/c121","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/040d5d5369744bfa","nativeRecordCid":"8dd34fb9-b512-4c1e-964b-51b717cad6f6","documentId":"open-science-source-21","id":"c121","text":"Research outputs that count toward grant applications and reporting should have persistent identifiers.","kind":"normative","modality":"may","actor":"grantees","subject":"PIDs for grant-related research outputs","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"***We as funders*** could require PIDs for all research outputs that count toward grant applications and reporting.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-21/c122","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/2e9cf80c6d884fea","nativeRecordCid":"925d5a4a-2569-4487-9887-86c5058e75e3","documentId":"open-science-source-21","id":"c122","text":"If authors link out to shared research outputs in their publications, they should do so using persistent identifiers.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"authors","subject":"linking to shared research outputs","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"To complement these actions, we encourage **publishers** to require that if authors link out to shared research outputs in their publications, they do so using PIDs.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-21/c123","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/413f793514d44d75","nativeRecordCid":"5330ec37-c395-4771-bc8a-4f494b8956cc","documentId":"open-science-source-21","id":"c123","text":"Authors should have an author persistent identifier (ORCID), linked to an institutional or permanent email, and listed on the final publication.","kind":"normative","modality":"may","actor":"authors","subject":"author PID (ORCID)","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Publishers could also require authors to have an author PID (ORCID), linked to an institutional or permanent email, and listed on the final publication.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-21/c124","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/af4fcbc5db674551","nativeRecordCid":"bf28206a-b488-4e62-b36b-22fb9ed49e1d","documentId":"open-science-source-21","id":"c124","text":"Content repositories should assign persistent identifiers to all deposited content.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"content repositories","subject":"PIDs for deposited content","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"We also encourage **content repositories** (data or code repositories, preprint servers, etc.) to assign PIDs to all deposited content, and to establish a standard and prominent place within the repository record to display the PID.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-21/c125","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/d653a526a4d54fb9","nativeRecordCid":"bfbfea56-ea4a-4a2b-85c8-cd9d5c49d270","documentId":"open-science-source-21","id":"c125","text":"Content repositories should establish a standard and prominent place within the repository record to display the persistent identifier.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"content repositories","subject":"PID display location","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"We also encourage **content repositories** (data or code repositories, preprint servers, etc.) to assign PIDs to all deposited content, and to establish a standard and prominent place within the repository record to display the PID.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-21/c126","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/d3f251d266b34481","nativeRecordCid":"858bac6f-877b-4881-86e3-f480abddf665","documentId":"open-science-source-21","id":"c126","text":"PID providers should explore ways to make assigning persistent identifiers to grants easier for funders by reducing technical and workflow barriers.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"PID providers","subject":"assigning PIDs to grants","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Finally, we encourage **PID providers** to explore ways to make assigning PIDs to grants easier for funders by reducing technical and workflow barriers.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-21/c127","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/d5b6bceb60d94bf3","nativeRecordCid":"770b9a58-c433-414e-8270-c49b2ab54a90","documentId":"open-science-source-21","id":"c127","text":"Resource availability statements are a way for grantees to explicitly outline where and how to access research outputs arising from funded projects.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"resource availability statements","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"**Resource availability statements**are a great way for grantees to explicitly outline where and how to access research outputs arising from funded projects.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-21/c128","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/f3e39a90e4294204","nativeRecordCid":"c8c73568-0ee9-4220-83c3-3cd40f2f036a","documentId":"open-science-source-21","id":"c128","text":"Writing a resource availability statement requires grantees to think about accessibility and sharing of outputs.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"writing resource availability statements","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"In addition, the very act of writing such a statement requires grantees to think about accessibility and sharing of outputs.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-21/c129","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/1ff14c467f53447e","nativeRecordCid":"45d0b04a-0ce5-4ef3-a10d-291a9d5a9a09","documentId":"open-science-source-21","id":"c129","text":"Grantees should include a resource availability statement, including persistent identifiers, in all grant reporting and journal publications.","kind":"normative","modality":"may","actor":"grantees","subject":"resource availability statement in reporting/publications","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"***We as funders*** could require grantees to include a resource (code, data, protocols, tangible materials, etc.) availability statement, including PIDs, in all grant reporting and journal publications.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-21/c130","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/1c7379f4a65f49a0","nativeRecordCid":"8226bd4c-ae8a-461b-8518-67acbec70026","documentId":"open-science-source-21","id":"c130","text":"Grantees are not required to make all research outputs publicly available, but should specify for each output if, where, and how it can be accessed.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"grantees","subject":"specifying output accessibility","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"This would not necessarily mean all research outputs have to be publicly available, but rather that grantees should specify for each output if, where, and how they can be accessed.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-21/c131","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/f68e7c41e6194ae8","nativeRecordCid":"107fc378-9e56-483f-ba23-1c4149fa5b82","documentId":"open-science-source-21","id":"c131","text":"Authors should include a resource availability statement in all their papers.","kind":"normative","modality":"may","actor":"authors","subject":"resource availability statement in papers","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"**Publishers** and content repositories like **preprint servers** could also require authors to include such a statement in all their papers, which could be made a standard part of the","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-21/c132","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/9089333df01149c5","nativeRecordCid":"94024f41-176d-4611-8b3d-4b5f79ed7ba4","documentId":"open-science-source-21","id":"c132","text":"Resource availability statements should be made a standard part of the manuscript format.","kind":"normative","modality":"may","actor":"","subject":"resource availability statement format","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"**Publishers** and content repositories like **preprint servers** could also require authors to include such a statement in all their papers, which could be made a standard part of the","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-21/c133","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/5f51106ad0ca4208","nativeRecordCid":"359fa73d-8378-4ab3-9877-5166f49871e3","documentId":"open-science-source-21","id":"c133","text":"Existing tools for research output tracking rely on being able to scrape metadata from publisher websites and content repositories.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"research output tracking tools","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Many of the existing tools for research output tracking used by both funders and third-party services rely on being able to scrape metadata from publisher websites and content repositories.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-21/c134","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/7f5150ee90994ca4","nativeRecordCid":"88d02a7c-ab23-4c99-9b92-a337218cd098","documentId":"open-science-source-21","id":"c134","text":"Metadata is sometimes not provided in formats that are easily machine readable.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"metadata machine readability","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"However, sometimes metadata is not provided in formats that are easily machine readable, or the information in the metadata may be incomplete, not including all the necessary funding information, for example.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-21/c135","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/7db917800d6844d9","nativeRecordCid":"5258e0f0-c6a2-4d50-a9be-dd117c3f053f","documentId":"open-science-source-21","id":"c135","text":"The information in metadata may be incomplete, not including all the necessary funding information.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"metadata completeness","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"However, sometimes metadata is not provided in formats that are easily machine readable, or the information in the metadata may be incomplete, not including all the necessary funding information, for example.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-21/c136","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/0e5bec545df940f4","nativeRecordCid":"94a41ab0-0b56-41c7-99fc-2e7bcb86d508","documentId":"open-science-source-21","id":"c136","text":"Publishers and content repositories should work with funders and tool developers to explore ways to improve metadata to better inform research output tracking tools.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"publishers and content repositories","subject":"improving metadata with funders and tool developers","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"We encourage **publishers** and **content repositories** to work with **funders** and **tool developers** to explore ways to improve metadata to better inform research output tracking tools.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-21/c137","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/8c2701da90944943","nativeRecordCid":"f0915c25-b353-416e-92ff-98122b52308d","documentId":"open-science-source-21","id":"c137","text":"It is important to begin a cross-sector dialogue to surface areas of shared interest and opportunity.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"","subject":"cross-sector dialogue","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"However, we believe it is important to begin a cross-sector dialogue to surface areas of shared interest and opportunity.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-21/c138","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/33536d4f896b458b","nativeRecordCid":"0bf405bd-4609-4900-a43c-5bb8cf2238e4","documentId":"open-science-source-21","id":"c138","text":"Some of the proposed actions may work best, or even require, collective and coordinated efforts.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"proposed research output tracking actions","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"We also recognize that some of the proposed actions may work best, or even require, collective and coordinated efforts.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-21/c139","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/f6b23685870046bf","nativeRecordCid":"a31d19a4-8669-4b99-be2c-dc4d7b8c0129","documentId":"open-science-source-21","id":"c139","text":"The Open Research Funders Group (ORFG) is an initiative of the Scholarly Publishing and Academic Resources Coalition (SPARC).","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"ORFG","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The Open Research Funders Group (ORFG) is an initiative of the Scholarly Publishing and Academic Resources Coalition (SPARC), which is a project of New Venture Fund (NVF), a 501(c)(3) public charity that incubates new and innovative public-interest projects and grant-making programs.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-21/c140","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/8cefa36bc6344586","nativeRecordCid":"c3eaa8ea-0ba7-492e-9450-382aae3a031a","documentId":"open-science-source-21","id":"c140","text":"The Scholarly Publishing and Academic Resources Coalition (SPARC) is a project of New Venture Fund (NVF).","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"SPARC","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The Open Research Funders Group (ORFG) is an initiative of the Scholarly Publishing and Academic Resources Coalition (SPARC), which is a project of New Venture Fund (NVF), a 501(c)(3) public charity that incubates new and innovative public-interest projects and grant-making programs.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-21/c141","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/fa65cf1c28d94d18","nativeRecordCid":"18824096-b0dd-44dd-afbd-8f3ade551c6f","documentId":"open-science-source-21","id":"c141","text":"New Venture Fund (NVF) is a 501(c)(3) public charity that incubates new and innovative public-interest projects and grant-making programs.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"New Venture Fund (NVF)","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The Open Research Funders Group (ORFG) is an initiative of the Scholarly Publishing and Academic Resources Coalition (SPARC), which is a project of New Venture Fund (NVF), a 501(c)(3) public charity that incubates new and innovative public-interest projects and grant-making programs.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-21/c142","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/be0b920f28434cdb","nativeRecordCid":"c7ff5606-e3e0-4f8b-948d-adc8aeb81863","documentId":"open-science-source-21","id":"c142","text":"ROR (Research Organization Registry) IDs are a persistent identifier used to uniquely identify research organizations.","kind":"definitional","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"ROR IDs","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Finally, two respondents suggested use of ROR (Research Organization Registry) IDs, a newer PID used to uniquely identify research organizations and help with improved affiliation data.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-21/c143","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/e58ae9e5682840fb","nativeRecordCid":"aea4ab36-b29a-42fb-a187-0e5e31ae7d5e","documentId":"open-science-source-21","id":"c143","text":"ROR (Research Organization Registry) IDs help improve affiliation data.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"ROR IDs","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Finally, two respondents suggested use of ROR (Research Organization Registry) IDs, a newer PID used to uniquely identify research organizations and help with improved affiliation data.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-21/c144","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/ba33ab0b187c45da","nativeRecordCid":"97c58d62-c3c2-43a4-9b5e-69dc57737e5a","documentId":"open-science-source-21","id":"c144","text":"The FAIR Principles have a strong focus on metadata, among other characteristics.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"FAIR Principles","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Two (8%) respondents also mentioned the FAIR Principles, which, among other characteristics, have a strong focus on metadata.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-21/c145","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/8ae397d301594485","nativeRecordCid":"8f23404b-4819-4873-a276-c72f6b195628","documentId":"open-science-source-21","id":"c145","text":"Recommendations to focus on metadata, with funding information and persistent identifiers included, align well with policy guidance from the White House Office of Science and Technology Policy (OSTP).","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"metadata recommendations and OSTP policy","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Recommendations by respondents to focus on metadata, with funding information and PIDs included, align well with new policy guidance from the White House Office of Science and Technology Policy (OSTP).","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-22/c1","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/d86123f56bc54448","nativeRecordCid":"2c8c9323-61bc-420b-b9f2-d55bd6126992","documentId":"open-science-source-22","id":"c1","text":"ASAPbio works to promote innovation and transparency in life sciences communication.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"ASAPbio","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"ASAPbio is a 501(c)(3) organization working to promote innovation and transparency in life sciences communication.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-22/c2","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/561ca5352a5d46dc","nativeRecordCid":"1520bdfd-c7aa-41c6-b7e4-7f1824378bf1","documentId":"open-science-source-22","id":"c2","text":"Federally-funded research should be made immediately accessible upon publication.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"","subject":"federally-funded research accessibility","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"We are fully [supportive](https://asapbio.org/asapbios-response-to-the-ostp-nelson-memo) of the 2022 OSTP directive to make all federally-funded research immediately accessible upon publication.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-22/c3","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/d08630f17bba404a","nativeRecordCid":"ebf8e1bb-d3b2-45d3-9d6d-1c57f038171a","documentId":"open-science-source-22","id":"c3","text":"Access to research should be equitable for diverse stakeholders.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"","subject":"access to research","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"we appreciate the NIH’s desire to ensure equitable access to research for diverse stakeholders, and to ensure that this is provided at reasonable costs that do not exacerbate existing disparities.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-22/c4","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/28d6c472f3404a88","nativeRecordCid":"6dabca3b-64bb-41fb-b781-fecf4ba89c72","documentId":"open-science-source-22","id":"c4","text":"Access to research should be provided at reasonable costs that do not exacerbate existing disparities.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"","subject":"cost of access to research","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"we appreciate the NIH’s desire to ensure equitable access to research for diverse stakeholders, and to ensure that this is provided at reasonable costs that do not exacerbate existing disparities.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-22/c5","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/930b55543d674b4b","nativeRecordCid":"92313491-5da9-4537-ad42-bb49436cb806","documentId":"open-science-source-22","id":"c5","text":"Research outputs must be findable and discoverable through robust infrastructure and standards.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"","subject":"research outputs","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Furthermore, we support the need to ensure that research outputs are findable and discoverable through robust infrastructure and standards.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-22/c6","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/ab28b2d9eac346dd","nativeRecordCid":"d10ca5b9-3907-4989-90ee-c7f8c2e3e305","documentId":"open-science-source-22","id":"c6","text":"A model in which preprints are the primary form of sharing can support the goals of equitable, cost-effective, and discoverable publishing.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"preprint-primary sharing model","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Many of these goals can be supported by moving toward a model where preprints are the primary form of sharing; this would also provide a strong foundation for aligning researchers’ incentives with the goals set out in the RFI.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-22/c7","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/79f366b0a4fb4443","nativeRecordCid":"17692927-e05f-406e-981f-0e7e089bb491","documentId":"open-science-source-22","id":"c7","text":"A preprint-primary model of sharing provides a strong foundation for aligning researchers' incentives with the goals set out in the RFI.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"preprint-primary sharing model","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Many of these goals can be supported by moving toward a model where preprints are the primary form of sharing; this would also provide a strong foundation for aligning researchers’ incentives with the goals set out in the RFI.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-22/c8","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/d2c035ba96c64c81","nativeRecordCid":"afb0499e-0a15-489f-a0f2-9af46b849973","documentId":"open-science-source-22","id":"c8","text":"Many researchers experience a disconnect between wanting to share their work with the community and existing incentives for keeping data private.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"researchers","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Many researchers now experience a disconnect between wanting to share work with the community and existing incentives for keeping data private.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-22/c9","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/3116fa201134459b","nativeRecordCid":"03a723bd-f9f7-4b22-a8dc-03872af75020","documentId":"open-science-source-22","id":"c9","text":"In a preprint-centric model, researchers would be recognized for sharing their work early and completely.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"preprint-centric model","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"In a preprint-centric model, researchers would be recognized for sharing their work early and completely, which would also accelerate scientific discovery.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-22/c10","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/b6bb9e2f6a26483a","nativeRecordCid":"a4feba98-7b52-4938-a8d8-19b5eda725a2","documentId":"open-science-source-22","id":"c10","text":"Recognizing researchers for sharing their work early and completely would accelerate scientific discovery.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"recognition of early, complete sharing","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"In a preprint-centric model, researchers would be recognized for sharing their work early and completely, which would also accelerate scientific discovery.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-22/c11","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/156200d496dd4aa7","nativeRecordCid":"deeb1e45-3d37-43f9-b5cb-ee062d11d709","documentId":"open-science-source-22","id":"c11","text":"Preprints support rigor by allowing broad engagement in public commenting and peer review.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"preprints","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Preprints also support rigor, reproducibility, and integrity by allowing broad engagement in public commenting and peer review.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-22/c12","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/3dcc3444d9d64678","nativeRecordCid":"294d9472-7d7c-49a7-97fb-9ba0f0f8da1c","documentId":"open-science-source-22","id":"c12","text":"Preprints support reproducibility by allowing broad engagement in public commenting and peer review.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"preprints","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Preprints also support rigor, reproducibility, and integrity by allowing broad engagement in public commenting and peer review.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-22/c13","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/bb6f23ae26be48ae","nativeRecordCid":"4f995a4e-e051-4c56-bbdd-f9bb660ec283","documentId":"open-science-source-22","id":"c13","text":"Preprints support integrity by allowing broad engagement in public commenting and peer review.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"preprints","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Preprints also support rigor, reproducibility, and integrity by allowing broad engagement in public commenting and peer review.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-22/c14","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/73caadda38d34145","nativeRecordCid":"42ddad2d-8781-4b8b-adcf-680b26e027a3","documentId":"open-science-source-22","id":"c14","text":"Equitable publication opportunities for researchers should be prioritized.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"","subject":"publication opportunities for researchers","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"We appreciate the prioritization of equitable publication opportunities for researchers as well as access to research articles.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-22/c15","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/51a938dec6ef4583","nativeRecordCid":"475f1d3a-b95f-4e34-b840-cad54659e30e","documentId":"open-science-source-22","id":"c15","text":"Access to research articles should be prioritized.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"","subject":"access to research articles","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"We appreciate the prioritization of equitable publication opportunities for researchers as well as access to research articles.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-22/c16","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/9ec0a1f56556498c","nativeRecordCid":"8655ab61-630e-4986-b7a9-4b3b3e80cad7","documentId":"open-science-source-22","id":"c16","text":"Preprints provide a mechanism to meet the goals of equitable publication opportunities and equitable access to research articles.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"preprints","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Preprints provide a mechanism to meet both goals.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-22/c17","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/d63d257ffe3f4ec3","nativeRecordCid":"cb03276b-e41f-48c7-8b1b-965e21d67cde","documentId":"open-science-source-22","id":"c17","text":"Preprints are free to post.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"preprints","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Unlike many journal publishing models, preprints are free to post and free to access.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-22/c18","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/9039e46bcdef453d","nativeRecordCid":"7524e515-1de6-4419-9db6-dd129f647c36","documentId":"open-science-source-22","id":"c18","text":"Preprints are free to access.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"preprints","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Unlike many journal publishing models, preprints are free to post and free to access.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-22/c19","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/ce8788ee418c4d9e","nativeRecordCid":"407baa6a-e9a1-4436-913f-b42fd7ea6a04","documentId":"open-science-source-22","id":"c19","text":"Racial disparities exist in federal funding.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"federal funding","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Given racial disparities in federal funding, preprints create equity by including those who do not have access to funds for journal publication costs.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-22/c20","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/c40c0fa531424236","nativeRecordCid":"1ac3debb-79e1-4292-aa90-d6d13cb5a86e","documentId":"open-science-source-22","id":"c20","text":"Preprints create equity by including those who do not have access to funds for journal publication costs.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"preprints","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Given racial disparities in federal funding, preprints create equity by including those who do not have access to funds for journal publication costs.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-22/c21","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/8a6da6fb4dc14265","nativeRecordCid":"9b320827-d13f-4d33-a3d0-f490e46bfbe7","documentId":"open-science-source-22","id":"c21","text":"NIH should recognize preprints that are identical in substance to the latest article version as an option for compliance with its open access policy.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"NIH","subject":"compliance with open access policy","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"We call on NIH to recognize preprints that are identical in substance to the latest article version as an option for compliance with its open access policy.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-22/c22","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/946cd577203d4391","nativeRecordCid":"d9963bac-d531-410b-aa0d-bb1ef33136e3","documentId":"open-science-source-22","id":"c22","text":"Operating costs for preprint servers are much lower than the average article-processing charge at journals that require publication fees.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"preprint server operating costs","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Operating costs for preprint servers are much lower than the average ~$1,600 article-processing charge at journals that require publication fees ([source](https://ruor.uottawa.ca/bitstream/10393/42327/1/Open_access_journals_and_article_processing_charges_2011_2021_preprint.pdf)).","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-22/c23","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/93062c0c344c4064","nativeRecordCid":"da049020-bd01-4676-9e5b-e608eeb90a61","documentId":"open-science-source-22","id":"c23","text":"The sustainability of preprint servers must be treated as a critical question.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"","subject":"sustainability of preprint servers","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"However, the sustainability of preprint servers is a critical question.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-22/c24","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/bed3a3ed1f0a4bf3","nativeRecordCid":"a6e4262f-2d1b-4cbc-8423-544766fd6f03","documentId":"open-science-source-22","id":"c24","text":"Preprint servers are currently supported by private funders, publishers, institutions, and library consortia without long-term commitments.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"preprint servers","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"They are currently supported by private funders, publishers, institutions and library consortia without long-term commitments.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-22/c25","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/eb36f58f92f54e50","nativeRecordCid":"dda185ae-81e8-41d0-9241-d6d1cb974a51","documentId":"open-science-source-22","id":"c25","text":"A publicly funded preprint infrastructure offers a sustainable way to achieve equitable access to publishing.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"publicly funded preprint infrastructure","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"A publicly funded preprint infrastructure offers a sustainable way to achieve equitable access to publishing.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-22/c26","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/3babcca8a64245cc","nativeRecordCid":"e9ee10b2-79fc-4ae3-b68a-658dcfa2504b","documentId":"open-science-source-22","id":"c26","text":"NIH should directly fund the community-owned preprint servers that support the communication needs of its researchers.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"NIH","subject":"community-owned preprint servers","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"We suggest that NIH directly fund the community-owned preprint servers that support the communication needs of its researchers.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-22/c27","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/5baed420c60f4a6e","nativeRecordCid":"8c9b5441-969c-4316-b056-6127cc45aacd","documentId":"open-science-source-22","id":"c27","text":"Preprints must be open access, meaning licensed for reuse.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"","subject":"preprints","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Preprints need to be open access, meaning licensed for reuse.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-22/c28","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/7a7ac9f6119148c5","nativeRecordCid":"a0b469c2-27f9-4538-a13e-071054cdc6cc","documentId":"open-science-source-22","id":"c28","text":"Many preprints on popular servers are not published under open reuse licenses.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"preprints on popular servers","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"However, many preprints on popular servers are still not being published under these licenses, risking the creation of walled gardens.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-22/c29","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/95d97316ff41404c","nativeRecordCid":"5b57dcbd-30e6-401a-a049-f9972590a17a","documentId":"open-science-source-22","id":"c29","text":"Preprints not published under open reuse licenses risk the creation of walled gardens.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"preprints without open licenses","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"However, many preprints on popular servers are still not being published under these licenses, risking the creation of walled gardens.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-22/c30","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/b3502d16c84b4567","nativeRecordCid":"a58ab586-9603-46a9-adb5-74303350d8f7","documentId":"open-science-source-22","id":"c30","text":"NIH-supported investigators should publish their preprints and other publications under a CC BY or less restrictive license.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"NIH-supported investigators","subject":"publication licensing","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"To remedy this, we urge NIH to require that supported investigators publish their preprints and other publications under a CC BY or less restrictive license.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-22/c31","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/8c2798dd7d594205","nativeRecordCid":"b6a5344c-e7ef-45ab-b408-7052c0c9e174","documentId":"open-science-source-22","id":"c31","text":"NIH may make preprints more discoverable by extending the NLM preprint pilot to all preprints, not just those that are NIH-funded.","kind":"normative","modality":"may","actor":"NIH","subject":"preprint discoverability","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The NIH could make preprints more discoverable by extending the NLM preprint pilot to all preprints, not just those that are NIH-funded.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-22/c32","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/9e230da6e1114991","nativeRecordCid":"c77a54f8-f129-42a2-9580-3ab2d516bb64","documentId":"open-science-source-22","id":"c32","text":"An increasing number of preprints are being reviewed outside of journals.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"preprint reviews","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Furthermore, an increasing number of preprints now are being reviewed outside of journals (see groups listed at [sciety.org](https://sciety.org/)).","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-22/c33","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/ed7cd82677144394","nativeRecordCid":"31aedbec-aee5-4615-b058-140fd5b8338d","documentId":"open-science-source-22","id":"c33","text":"Preprint reviews should be indexed and connected to preprints on NLM's databases.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"","subject":"preprint reviews","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"These reviews should be indexed and connected to preprints on NLM’s databases, and they should be visible on the SciENcv profiles of the reviewers who authored them.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-22/c34","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/f436f79f9afd483e","nativeRecordCid":"17304bb2-4dc8-4ad9-ac1f-b404c5f04cb6","documentId":"open-science-source-22","id":"c34","text":"Preprint reviews should be visible on the SciENcv profiles of the reviewers who authored them.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"","subject":"preprint reviews","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"These reviews should be indexed and connected to preprints on NLM’s databases, and they should be visible on the SciENcv profiles of the reviewers who authored them.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-22/c35","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/a7e1b11fa1db47d7","nativeRecordCid":"f5beda6c-6bd1-4f1d-bad3-e84b1a73d156","documentId":"open-science-source-22","id":"c35","text":"Metadata for preprints and preprint reviews should be made freely available through appropriate infrastructures.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"","subject":"preprint metadata","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"In addition, metadata for preprints and preprint reviews should be made freely available through appropriate infrastructures, such as the Crossref infrastructure.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-22/c36","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/cef709ab73754237","nativeRecordCid":"5aae8e9f-0e55-4187-be5d-3ae7ebd97481","documentId":"open-science-source-22","id":"c36","text":"Scientific progress is a global endeavor.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"scientific progress","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Scientific progress is a global endeavor, and implementation needs to be in line with broader frameworks rather than reinventing existing infrastructure.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-22/c37","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/bc2db31a471245cb","nativeRecordCid":"efb8de03-021f-47d2-a76d-b816d7b2623c","documentId":"open-science-source-22","id":"c37","text":"Implementation of the public access plan must be in line with broader frameworks rather than reinventing existing infrastructure.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"NIH","subject":"implementation of public access plan","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Scientific progress is a global endeavor, and implementation needs to be in line with broader frameworks rather than reinventing existing infrastructure.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-22/c38","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/a269a0a521214052","nativeRecordCid":"c4599eb4-4064-4e4b-8780-a8a3a653b3ac","documentId":"open-science-source-22","id":"c38","text":"There is support for broad and equitable access to research works via government and funder initiatives in Latin America and Europe.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"government and funder initiatives","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"There is support for broad and equitable access to research works via government and funder initiatives in Latin America (e.g. [SciELO](https://scielo.org/) and [AmeliCA](http://amelica.org/)) and Europe (e.g. [Open Research Europe (ORE)](https://op.europa.eu/en/publication-detail/-/publication/81b9cd30-5104-11ed-92ed-01aa75ed71a1/language-en)), and also mature infrastructure to enable the use of persistent identifiers (DOI, ORCID, ROR) and appropriate metadata.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-22/c39","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/0893621c78b64e7c","nativeRecordCid":"4f27a12d-5329-43a4-92e0-16f716b38f6b","documentId":"open-science-source-22","id":"c39","text":"There is mature infrastructure to enable the use of persistent identifiers and appropriate metadata.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"persistent identifier infrastructure","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"There is support for broad and equitable access to research works via government and funder initiatives in Latin America (e.g. [SciELO](https://scielo.org/) and [AmeliCA](http://amelica.org/)) and Europe (e.g. [Open Research Europe (ORE)](https://op.europa.eu/en/publication-detail/-/publication/81b9cd30-5104-11ed-92ed-01aa75ed71a1/language-en)), and also mature infrastructure to enable the use of persistent identifiers (DOI, ORCID, ROR) and appropriate metadata.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-22/c40","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/1a7ec47584f84b65","nativeRecordCid":"141e2e25-289b-4429-99eb-de2751960507","documentId":"open-science-source-22","id":"c40","text":"NIH should ensure any new infrastructures make use of common standards for persistent identifiers and metadata.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"NIH","subject":"new infrastructures","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The NIH should ensure any new infrastructures make use of these common standards and are interoperable with these existing projects.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-22/c41","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/57cf840d478c493b","nativeRecordCid":"b193e90e-4c1e-47d3-996d-ed6604f49488","documentId":"open-science-source-22","id":"c41","text":"NIH should ensure any new infrastructures are interoperable with existing projects.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"NIH","subject":"new infrastructures","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The NIH should ensure any new infrastructures make use of these common standards and are interoperable with these existing projects.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-22/c42","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/7e22aab14cab413f","nativeRecordCid":"125f7dc8-36a9-4ab8-9732-6b1d6c2ed69c","documentId":"open-science-source-22","id":"c42","text":"Global collaboration should occur to make rapid progress on improving scientific communications infrastructure.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"","subject":"global collaboration","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Now is the time for global collaboration to make rapid progress on improving scientific communications infrastructure.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-23/c1","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/d2c2e1058c684f93","nativeRecordCid":"207f33ca-2a8a-4ab3-a312-cfec060047fd","documentId":"open-science-source-23","id":"c1","text":"NIH has a fundamental responsibility to ensure that publicly funded scientific knowledge serves the public interest as a shared resource for all Americans.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"NIH","subject":"publicly funded scientific knowledge","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"As stewards of taxpayer-funded research, NIH has a fundamental responsibility to ensure that publicly funded scientific knowledge serves the public interest as a shared resource for all Americans.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-23/c2","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/770563ec8cd14334","nativeRecordCid":"10676188-9297-4d05-814f-f76d5e7c061c","documentId":"open-science-source-23","id":"c2","text":"NIH should take a more comprehensive approach to balancing flexibility in providing public access to research results with maximizing taxpayer funds to support research.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"NIH","subject":"public access versus taxpayer funds balance","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"We encourage NIH to take a more comprehensive approach to balancing flexibility in providing public access to research results with maximizing the taxpayer funds to support research.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-23/c3","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/e3d70114e6d747e7","nativeRecordCid":"3b27cf64-c1c1-40d9-bf09-389a50a53ffe","documentId":"open-science-source-23","id":"c3","text":"The proposed RFI options will not achieve NIH's desired outcomes.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"RFI proposed options","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"However, we do not believe that the proposed options will achieve the NIH’s desired outcomes.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-23/c4","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/40cef8b8b0af48d7","nativeRecordCid":"a9f453ce-ef27-4e6d-af66-666fe3cd6dd7","documentId":"open-science-source-23","id":"c4","text":"Models relying on Article Processing Charges undermine the progress of open access.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"Article Processing Charge models","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Specifically, we believe that models relying on Article Processing Charges (APCs) undermine the progress of open access, scholarly communication, and research integrity, as well as  NIH's stated goal of maximizing taxpayer funds for research activities.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-23/c5","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/64387d88bc40477b","nativeRecordCid":"8ed21740-e801-416b-ac3a-690b5ced9d32","documentId":"open-science-source-23","id":"c5","text":"Models relying on Article Processing Charges undermine scholarly communication.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"Article Processing Charge models","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Specifically, we believe that models relying on Article Processing Charges (APCs) undermine the progress of open access, scholarly communication, and research integrity, as well as  NIH's stated goal of maximizing taxpayer funds for research activities.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-23/c6","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/c832b1bd0b2e4db7","nativeRecordCid":"09c6f162-7a1d-4962-8b1c-98a531d78b52","documentId":"open-science-source-23","id":"c6","text":"Models relying on Article Processing Charges undermine research integrity.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"Article Processing Charge models","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Specifically, we believe that models relying on Article Processing Charges (APCs) undermine the progress of open access, scholarly communication, and research integrity, as well as  NIH's stated goal of maximizing taxpayer funds for research activities.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-23/c7","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/0bb1a60216524c07","nativeRecordCid":"b7a7d4e4-cbcb-406c-8784-f7a0a4dbd905","documentId":"open-science-source-23","id":"c7","text":"Models relying on Article Processing Charges undermine NIH's stated goal of maximizing taxpayer funds for research activities.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"Article Processing Charge models","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Specifically, we believe that models relying on Article Processing Charges (APCs) undermine the progress of open access, scholarly communication, and research integrity, as well as  NIH's stated goal of maximizing taxpayer funds for research activities.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-23/c8","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/532d4e297f3f4809","nativeRecordCid":"8f28b65f-a524-429f-9c60-82f6e1e197c3","documentId":"open-science-source-23","id":"c8","text":"APCs create barriers where researchers may not publish in highly visible journals due to fee barriers.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"Article Processing Charges","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"APCs create barriers where researchers may not publish in highly visible journals due to fee barriers, undermining the collaborative knowledge exchange essential for scientific progress.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-23/c9","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/c1b1ea5d289f4f62","nativeRecordCid":"5b2e42d0-b2af-4368-8f0a-e906f915c449","documentId":"open-science-source-23","id":"c9","text":"APCs undermine the collaborative knowledge exchange essential for scientific progress.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"Article Processing Charges","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"APCs create barriers where researchers may not publish in highly visible journals due to fee barriers, undermining the collaborative knowledge exchange essential for scientific progress.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-23/c10","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/6d0790571e434fa4","nativeRecordCid":"0013aa5c-cd9b-4f70-add6-84dabbfc0f1d","documentId":"open-science-source-23","id":"c10","text":"Attempts to simply limit or cap APCs will not adequately address the barriers APCs create.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"APC caps","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Attempts to simply limit (or cap) APCs as outlined in several of RFI’s options will not adequately address this problem.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-23/c11","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/42faaabce91f4fe8","nativeRecordCid":"759a61ef-e202-4184-a6b8-48bf3a814ad1","documentId":"open-science-source-23","id":"c11","text":"APC caps create pricing floors rather than ceilings.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"APC caps","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Evidence from other funders’ experience demonstrates that APC caps create pricing floors rather than ceilings which risks shifting costs to institutional budgets without reducing overall expenditures.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-23/c12","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/e8bb167a1c0b4527","nativeRecordCid":"b8e37cf4-a548-40fe-aa94-8065e2b7e139","documentId":"open-science-source-23","id":"c12","text":"APC caps risk shifting costs to institutional budgets without reducing overall expenditures.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"APC caps","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Evidence from other funders’ experience demonstrates that APC caps create pricing floors rather than ceilings which risks shifting costs to institutional budgets without reducing overall expenditures.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-23/c13","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/3f6d6c53586c46b8","nativeRecordCid":"357aeca0-a07c-4b5d-a17a-b873425bfa11","documentId":"open-science-source-23","id":"c13","text":"Maintaining any role for author-side fees risks perpetuating a system that diverts increasing amounts of funding away from actual research activities as publication volume grows.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"author-side fees","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"By maintaining any role for author-side fees, whether through regulation or shifting costs to institutions, NIH risks perpetuating a system that diverts increasing amounts of funding away from actual research activities as publication volume grows.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-23/c14","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/e089539a9b13487f","nativeRecordCid":"0b704276-1eef-4cd3-b20b-398671f73076","documentId":"open-science-source-23","id":"c14","text":"NIH should strengthen existing public access infrastructure.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"NIH","subject":"public access infrastructure","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"NIH should instead strengthen existing public access infrastructure and support scholar-led systems that eliminate the need for author-side fees entirely.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-23/c15","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/c53b0a546d3147f6","nativeRecordCid":"2b2eb5a3-9273-4413-9620-a34a0a7bc924","documentId":"open-science-source-23","id":"c15","text":"NIH should support scholar-led systems that eliminate the need for author-side fees entirely.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"NIH","subject":"scholar-led publishing systems","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"NIH should instead strengthen existing public access infrastructure and support scholar-led systems that eliminate the need for author-side fees entirely.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-23/c16","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/3ed5ebb2aeb346a4","nativeRecordCid":"18c8f17f-bd46-4187-9cb8-b37b886ad9f9","documentId":"open-science-source-23","id":"c16","text":"Sustainable publishing models like diamond open access align with the best interests of authors and NIH alike.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"diamond open access publishing models","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"incentivizing sustainable publishing models like diamond open access that more fully align with the best interests of authors and the NIH alike.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-23/c17","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/c779305878044841","nativeRecordCid":"bca26ca9-1e29-4b88-891b-df459ea0e512","documentId":"open-science-source-23","id":"c17","text":"Disallowing all publication costs from NIH grants risks shifting costs without actually reducing them.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"Option 1 (disallowing publication costs)","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Option 1 (disallowing all publication costs from NIH grants) risks shifting costs without actually reducing them.","representedInStars":false}
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{"key":"open-science-source-23/c19","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/219b3882213c4167","nativeRecordCid":"bbf86835-ce33-4855-acfc-ca206cdb6b6f","documentId":"open-science-source-23","id":"c19","text":"Universities may be forced to create or expand publication funds to support faculty research dissemination when federal funding is unavailable.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"universities","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Evidence from the recent Canadian Tri-Agency consultations on this issue underscores that researchers still need to publish for career advancement, and universities may be forced to create or expand publication funds to support faculty research dissemination when federal funding is unavailable.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-23/c20","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/fe72a57104af4ad4","nativeRecordCid":"a35d1a14-4da0-445d-8e18-7c84ec78ded0","documentId":"open-science-source-23","id":"c20","text":"Cost shifting from disallowing publication costs could create institutional imbalances, as universities with limited resources may not be able to support faculty publishing.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"cost shifting to institutions","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"This cost shifting could create institutional imbalances, as universities with limited resources may not be able to support faculty publishing, while administrative burden increases as institutions must track and manage publication funding from multiple sources.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-23/c21","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/0f98c33697894df1","nativeRecordCid":"1f046424-dfb5-4e9d-8e50-619a737d6f37","documentId":"open-science-source-23","id":"c21","text":"Administrative burden increases as institutions must track and manage publication funding from multiple sources.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"institutional administrative burden","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"This cost shifting could create institutional imbalances, as universities with limited resources may not be able to support faculty publishing, while administrative burden increases as institutions must track and manage publication funding from multiple sources.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-23/c22","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/05ef9dfc01134146","nativeRecordCid":"87c469d1-d05b-432f-8159-a5cd8619a71c","documentId":"open-science-source-23","id":"c22","text":"Researchers are faced with difficult choices between paying publisher fees to ensure open access and funding their research.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"researchers","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Researchers are already faced with difficult choices between paying publisher fees to ensure open access and funding their research, with increased costs particularly harmful for particular groups, e.g., early-career researchers and others without stable research funding.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-23/c23","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/fd3d0802b62242d9","nativeRecordCid":"0a2649a7-1a1e-43d2-a538-97b9e428e79d","documentId":"open-science-source-23","id":"c23","text":"Increased publishing costs are particularly harmful for early-career researchers and others without stable research funding.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"increased publishing costs","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Researchers are already faced with difficult choices between paying publisher fees to ensure open access and funding their research, with increased costs particularly harmful for particular groups, e.g., early-career researchers and others without stable research funding.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-23/c24","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/d48cf56cada94587","nativeRecordCid":"ddac8309-1006-4f00-9b39-48152ba41f4b","documentId":"open-science-source-23","id":"c24","text":"Disallowing publication costs does not address the underlying drivers of expensive publishing choices that relate to career advancement systems.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"Option 1 (disallowing publication costs)","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Option 1 does not address the underlying drivers of expensive publishing choices that relate to career advancement systems, meaning this approach risks simply changing _who_ pays fees  - rather than reducing them.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-23/c25","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/0c4fd39069ee4d25","nativeRecordCid":"702979e4-7a2f-4a1e-9ce9-68b042b39d82","documentId":"open-science-source-23","id":"c25","text":"Disallowing publication costs risks simply changing who pays publishing fees rather than reducing them.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"Option 1 (disallowing publication costs)","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Option 1 does not address the underlying drivers of expensive publishing choices that relate to career advancement systems, meaning this approach risks simply changing _who_ pays fees  - rather than reducing them.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-23/c26","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/698e4deca8d44980","nativeRecordCid":"6adb1c26-f12d-46aa-be1b-6cc2bdaef0ee","documentId":"open-science-source-23","id":"c26","text":"Price caps ultimately increase costs.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"price caps","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Evidence demonstrates that price caps create pricing floors rather than ceilings, ultimately increasing costs and leading to market power concentration.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-23/c27","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/cdf6569b13b549c1","nativeRecordCid":"1faf8893-1256-4398-b619-204b4ffbb939","documentId":"open-science-source-23","id":"c27","text":"Price caps lead to market power concentration.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"price caps","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Evidence demonstrates that price caps create pricing floors rather than ceilings, ultimately increasing costs and leading to market power concentration.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-23/c28","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/165148b54eb84590","nativeRecordCid":"cb45a5cb-ce33-4960-bb49-478804c13804","documentId":"open-science-source-23","id":"c28","text":"Establishing APC caps leads to price convergence upward to maximum allowed rates.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"APC caps","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The Austrian Science Fund's 15-year experience with APC funding shows that establishing caps leads to price convergence upward to maximum allowed rates, with publishers using government-sanctioned limits as signals to justify higher fees across their portfolios.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-23/c29","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/adea8325309c4e2e","nativeRecordCid":"c0db9e69-7a31-4bf3-af14-37bdf9bf6d19","documentId":"open-science-source-23","id":"c29","text":"Publishers use government-sanctioned price limits as signals to justify higher fees across their portfolios.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"publishers","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The Austrian Science Fund's 15-year experience with APC funding shows that establishing caps leads to price convergence upward to maximum allowed rates, with publishers using government-sanctioned limits as signals to justify higher fees across their portfolios.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-23/c30","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/61c8e15a91ae47a7","nativeRecordCid":"051daf95-923e-4b55-951b-888cd88411c1","documentId":"open-science-source-23","id":"c30","text":"Price caps similar to NIH's proposed limits may validate existing fee structures.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"proposed NIH price caps","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Additionally, German institutional spending data reveals that 94% of payments already fall within the €2,000 range similar to NIH's proposed limits in Option 2, suggesting such caps may validate existing fee structures while providing publishers with official endorsement of current pricing models.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-23/c31","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/bb53ee22692e47ae","nativeRecordCid":"67e5e902-1291-4226-9dfa-34318a2b3333","documentId":"open-science-source-23","id":"c31","text":"Price caps similar to NIH's proposed limits may provide publishers with official endorsement of current pricing models.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"proposed NIH price caps","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Additionally, German institutional spending data reveals that 94% of payments already fall within the €2,000 range similar to NIH's proposed limits in Option 2, suggesting such caps may validate existing fee structures while providing publishers with official endorsement of current pricing models.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-23/c32","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/28f2e5943cf44946","nativeRecordCid":"6e995ae2-e6ea-4b95-86c9-a49e0619680c","documentId":"open-science-source-23","id":"c32","text":"APC caps may accelerate market consolidation by favoring publishers with economies of scale, making it difficult for smaller, community-led alternatives to compete within rigid price controls.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"APC caps","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"APC caps may accelerate this consolidation by favoring publishers with economies of scale, making it difficult for smaller, community-led alternatives to compete within rigid price controls.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-23/c33","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/7dd1f666559f49cf","nativeRecordCid":"b578d31c-18c7-4ce5-b291-d301a06d70bd","documentId":"open-science-source-23","id":"c33","text":"Price-cap-driven upward price convergence fails to reduce overall publishing expenditures.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"price cap dynamics","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"This dynamic fails to reduce overall expenditures, failing to achieve NIH's goal of maximizing funds available for research activities.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-23/c34","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/e83d1986878c4f38","nativeRecordCid":"b0412a71-371e-4c7c-aa53-954cce5a4bc0","documentId":"open-science-source-23","id":"c34","text":"Price-cap-driven upward price convergence fails to achieve NIH's goal of maximizing funds available for research activities.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"price cap dynamics","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"This dynamic fails to reduce overall expenditures, failing to achieve NIH's goal of maximizing funds available for research activities.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-23/c35","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/9c8fc7e2f4c3458b","nativeRecordCid":"91b1b49a-4e4c-4804-86a1-f5a70aa40446","documentId":"open-science-source-23","id":"c35","text":"Funded researchers should deposit copies of their Author Accepted Manuscripts into PubMed Central or another agency-approved open repository immediately upon acceptance.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"funded researchers","subject":"deposit of Author Accepted Manuscripts","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Require all funded researchers to deposit copies of their Author Accepted Manuscripts into PubMed Central (or another agency-approved open repository) immediately upon acceptance.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-23/c36","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/8a4c28c2303a489d","nativeRecordCid":"5e5e4842-6175-4b6a-9b1e-f9eb98cccec4","documentId":"open-science-source-23","id":"c36","text":"Requiring deposit of Author Accepted Manuscripts provides immediate public access without requiring any publication fees.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"mandatory manuscript deposit","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"This approach provides immediate public access without requiring any publication fees, allowing maximum grant funds to support research activities.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-23/c37","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/8857abd9040248aa","nativeRecordCid":"a481ff69-bbcf-4df6-9890-2915d2be1b64","documentId":"open-science-source-23","id":"c37","text":"Requiring deposit of Author Accepted Manuscripts allows maximum grant funds to support research activities.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"mandatory manuscript deposit","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"This approach provides immediate public access without requiring any publication fees, allowing maximum grant funds to support research activities.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-23/c38","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/fe91ca28193e4b05","nativeRecordCid":"86788b77-4b2c-43c8-ae13-c93d3050aaa2","documentId":"open-science-source-23","id":"c38","text":"NIH should enhance the NIH Public Access policy to ensure that the public has the right to fully reuse Author Accepted Manuscripts.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"NIH","subject":"reuse rights for manuscripts","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Enhance the NIH Public Access policy to ensure  that the public has the right to fully reuse these Author Accepted Manuscripts to maximize their value.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-23/c39","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/fdc03f95314e4761","nativeRecordCid":"a99eb697-3776-48f6-a01f-f87e6dcec4d8","documentId":"open-science-source-23","id":"c39","text":"Supporting researchers in retaining sufficient rights to their work enables broader dissemination without ongoing publisher fees.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"researcher rights retention","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Supporting researchers in retaining sufficient rights to their work enables broader dissemination without ongoing publisher fees while ensuring taxpayer-funded research serves the public interest.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-23/c40","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/4cc431e6a6624fbf","nativeRecordCid":"68f75109-88a9-486c-bef2-5bbeb560a81d","documentId":"open-science-source-23","id":"c40","text":"Supporting researchers in retaining sufficient rights to their work ensures taxpayer-funded research serves the public interest.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"researcher rights retention","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Supporting researchers in retaining sufficient rights to their work enables broader dissemination without ongoing publisher fees while ensuring taxpayer-funded research serves the public interest.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-23/c41","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/d3af418eb66f44b4","nativeRecordCid":"416b966b-9e0d-48ea-8525-a797cce3adcc","documentId":"open-science-source-23","id":"c41","text":"NIH should incentivize repository deposit of Author Accepted Manuscripts as a publication option that does not rely on expensive publisher fees.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"NIH","subject":"repository deposit incentives","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Incentivize the use of publication options that do not rely on expensive fees to publishers, including repository deposit of Author Accepted Manuscripts, preprint sharing, early dissemination of data, code, software and other outputs, and use of community-controlled publishing models such as Subscribe to Open (S20) and diamond open access.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-23/c42","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/de64bf61059e4172","nativeRecordCid":"f435d55e-58f4-4d2d-bcd6-1ed7f0fac1e7","documentId":"open-science-source-23","id":"c42","text":"NIH should incentivize preprint sharing as a publication option that does not rely on expensive publisher fees.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"NIH","subject":"preprint sharing incentives","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Incentivize the use of publication options that do not rely on expensive fees to publishers, including repository deposit of Author Accepted Manuscripts, preprint sharing, early dissemination of data, code, software and other outputs, and use of community-controlled publishing models such as Subscribe to Open (S20) and diamond open access.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-23/c43","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/78dd74a87f4c4c49","nativeRecordCid":"36766f26-0a8c-45a9-8252-a70669cfb46e","documentId":"open-science-source-23","id":"c43","text":"NIH should incentivize early dissemination of data, code, software and other outputs as a publication option that does not rely on expensive publisher fees.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"NIH","subject":"early output dissemination incentives","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Incentivize the use of publication options that do not rely on expensive fees to publishers, including repository deposit of Author Accepted Manuscripts, preprint sharing, early dissemination of data, code, software and other outputs, and use of community-controlled publishing models such as Subscribe to Open (S20) and diamond open access.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-23/c44","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/ed343ee844d64c14","nativeRecordCid":"05889a78-b422-4f37-a47f-03d6a1ee5501","documentId":"open-science-source-23","id":"c44","text":"NIH should incentivize community-controlled publishing models such as Subscribe to Open and diamond open access.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"NIH","subject":"community-controlled publishing models","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Incentivize the use of publication options that do not rely on expensive fees to publishers, including repository deposit of Author Accepted Manuscripts, preprint sharing, early dissemination of data, code, software and other outputs, and use of community-controlled publishing models such as Subscribe to Open (S20) and diamond open access.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-23/c45","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/b916185db13c4ed1","nativeRecordCid":"cce8afc3-d3ef-4378-a486-0b68b40dd22d","documentId":"open-science-source-23","id":"c45","text":"Diamond open access models are gaining traction in the research community.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"diamond open access models","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Diamond open access models are gaining traction t  in the research community and are increasingly","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-23/c46","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/c1b34919b3f84ce8","nativeRecordCid":"5912d8ed-f3dc-4877-9424-a6402b79b8b4","documentId":"open-science-source-23","id":"c46","text":"Diamond open access models are increasingly viewed as an aspirational goal.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"diamond open access models","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"viewed as an aspirational goal.[6] These models are free for both authors and readers, eliminating rent-seeking based on prestige while maintaining rigorous peer review standards.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-23/c47","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/622b25f53c7342f7","nativeRecordCid":"aaf68c0a-e166-4fae-87d2-608f40d1539c","documentId":"open-science-source-23","id":"c47","text":"Diamond open access models are free for both authors and readers.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"diamond open access models","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"viewed as an aspirational goal.[6] These models are free for both authors and readers, eliminating rent-seeking based on prestige while maintaining rigorous peer review standards.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-23/c48","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/46da23a6424b470e","nativeRecordCid":"14fcbb70-7fd1-4906-916d-e3ec1eccb485","documentId":"open-science-source-23","id":"c48","text":"Diamond open access models eliminate rent-seeking based on prestige.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"diamond open access models","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"viewed as an aspirational goal.[6] These models are free for both authors and readers, eliminating rent-seeking based on prestige while maintaining rigorous peer review standards.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-23/c49","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/3f9a3aaa527b410d","nativeRecordCid":"6b3c6f0c-b11a-4802-a183-9f94b0f04af7","documentId":"open-science-source-23","id":"c49","text":"Diamond open access models maintain rigorous peer review standards.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"diamond open access models","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"viewed as an aspirational goal.[6] These models are free for both authors and readers, eliminating rent-seeking based on prestige while maintaining rigorous peer review standards.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-23/c50","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/b3072b7664ad4084","nativeRecordCid":"04ce8a7b-cab8-4bd5-9d33-bcbb5a36a406","documentId":"open-science-source-23","id":"c50","text":"Many funders are currently supporting diamond open access initiatives.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"funders","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Evidence demonstrates that many funders are currently supporting diamond open access initiatives, and expanding direct support for journals across all scholarly disciplines to support these community-controlled alternatives would be a positive contribution.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-23/c51","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/1433fbdaa4bb461d","nativeRecordCid":"bc5ba3ea-3d11-4b80-a90f-8c7b7d9846f6","documentId":"open-science-source-23","id":"c51","text":"Funders should expand direct support for journals across all scholarly disciplines to support community-controlled publishing alternatives.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"funders","subject":"direct funder support for journals","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Evidence demonstrates that many funders are currently supporting diamond open access initiatives, and expanding direct support for journals across all scholarly disciplines to support these community-controlled alternatives would be a positive contribution.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-23/c52","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/5a01f25e22304972","nativeRecordCid":"5f67c023-cd1b-4789-bee0-54631b3f98b1","documentId":"open-science-source-23","id":"c52","text":"NIH's existing research communication infrastructure, including PubMed Central, provides world-class and cost-effective opportunities for researchers to share their work.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"NIH research communication infrastructure","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"NIH's robust existing research communication infrastructure, including PubMed Central, provides both world-class and cost-effective opportunities for researchers to share their work, allowing more dollars to be directed toward actual research activities.","representedInStars":true}
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{"key":"open-science-source-23/c54","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/95cf1e885e8d439a","nativeRecordCid":"455a791f-ebb1-4bab-9db6-9cdf442a56cd","documentId":"open-science-source-23","id":"c54","text":"NIH's scalable infrastructure supports sustainable models for disseminating research outputs with predictable operational costs, avoiding per-article fees.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"NIH research communication infrastructure","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"This scalable infrastructure supports sustainable models for disseminating research outputs with predictable operational costs, avoiding per-article fees that increase exponentially as research productivity grows.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-23/c55","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/3b66aea5d0cc4fe6","nativeRecordCid":"823d0435-11a1-46b7-a285-cec434c6b5eb","documentId":"open-science-source-23","id":"c55","text":"Per-article publishing fees increase exponentially as research productivity grows.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"per-article publishing fees","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"This scalable infrastructure supports sustainable models for disseminating research outputs with predictable operational costs, avoiding per-article fees that increase exponentially as research productivity grows.","representedInStars":false}
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{"key":"open-science-source-23/c57","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/cfc418ca1aba45af","nativeRecordCid":"bca995b2-2255-4288-934c-24d04c34f14d","documentId":"open-science-source-23","id":"c57","text":"Researchers are increasingly participating in open peer review of author-shared articles.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"researchers","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Evidence shows that researchers are increasingly sharing articles ahead of peer review and participating in open peer review of author-shared articles.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-23/c58","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/e389ef12f14d465e","nativeRecordCid":"43de868e-1d0b-4181-8de5-0fd032b9514c","documentId":"open-science-source-23","id":"c58","text":"NIH should build on its existing preprint pilot programs.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"NIH","subject":"preprint pilot programs","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Building on NIH's existing preprint pilot programs and requiring immediate sharing of research findings through repositories would accelerate scientific progress while bypassing traditional publication bottlenecks and costs entirely.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-23/c59","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/4815f15d986648f8","nativeRecordCid":"2628cd7c-4e98-4e3c-a91c-d36111d6be35","documentId":"open-science-source-23","id":"c59","text":"NIH should require immediate sharing of research findings through repositories.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"NIH","subject":"immediate sharing of research findings","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Building on NIH's existing preprint pilot programs and requiring immediate sharing of research findings through repositories would accelerate scientific progress while bypassing traditional publication bottlenecks and costs entirely.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-23/c60","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/fdc82e0430584071","nativeRecordCid":"038f0210-94c4-4caf-9587-d6f1d7e17ae2","documentId":"open-science-source-23","id":"c60","text":"NIH should provide public access alternatives.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"NIH","subject":"public access alternatives","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"NIH has a unique opportunity to break the cycle of expensive publishing by not only providing public access alternatives, but also further incentivizing the open sharing of research outputs, including publications, data, and software code, in grant review criteria and career advancement evaluations.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-23/c61","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/1c155657f0864265","nativeRecordCid":"34d686d4-2179-4555-ad61-fda5bc99678b","documentId":"open-science-source-23","id":"c61","text":"NIH should incentivize the open sharing of research outputs, including publications, data, and software code, in grant review criteria and career advancement evaluations.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"NIH","subject":"open sharing incentives in evaluation","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"NIH has a unique opportunity to break the cycle of expensive publishing by not only providing public access alternatives, but also further incentivizing the open sharing of research outputs, including publications, data, and software code, in grant review criteria and career advancement evaluations.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-23/c62","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/adf71e4bfd2d49f2","nativeRecordCid":"24ca7f66-1dd8-44b7-9695-25661bf1d9ff","documentId":"open-science-source-23","id":"c62","text":"NIH's goal of maximizing research funds for research activities while ensuring public access to taxpayer-funded research is both important and achievable.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"NIH's funding and access goal","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"NIH's goal of maximizing research funds for research activities while ensuring public access to taxpayer-funded research is both important and achievable.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-23/c63","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/abceb8371d234b5a","nativeRecordCid":"85bf8644-5c99-41a3-a8e5-e323cb75a8e9","documentId":"open-science-source-23","id":"c63","text":"Achieving NIH's goal of maximizing research funds while ensuring public access requires moving beyond approaches that continue to rely on author-side payments to publishers.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"","subject":"scholarly publishing approach","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"This requires moving beyond approaches that continue to rely on author-side payments to publishers and moving toward supporting scholar-led communication systems that serve the research community through predictable infrastructure costs rather than arbitrary per-article fees.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-23/c64","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/825dcd944f1341e0","nativeRecordCid":"861e7c6f-a2b6-450c-8b45-f8b96bfb8f8e","documentId":"open-science-source-23","id":"c64","text":"Achieving NIH's goal of maximizing research funds while ensuring public access requires moving toward supporting scholar-led communication systems that serve the research community through predictable infrastructure costs rather than arbitrary per-article fees.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"","subject":"scholarly publishing approach","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"This requires moving beyond approaches that continue to rely on author-side payments to publishers and moving toward supporting scholar-led communication systems that serve the research community through predictable infrastructure costs rather than arbitrary per-article fees.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-23/c65","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/0239c27d51f04b2e","nativeRecordCid":"b768379b-c581-4dd6-9319-b2ef5937243a","documentId":"open-science-source-23","id":"c65","text":"Enhanced reuse rights and support for diamond open access models create a comprehensive framework that maximizes research funding for actual research activities.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"reuse rights and diamond open access support","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Mandatory deposit of Author Accepted Manuscripts ensures immediate public access without any publication fees, while enhanced reuse rights and support for diamond open access models create a comprehensive framework that maximizes research funding for actual research activities.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-23/c66","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/52bc056285c34d0d","nativeRecordCid":"44541ee5-9f54-41e3-89fa-3c124262fb31","documentId":"open-science-source-23","id":"c66","text":"Fully enforcing deposit requirements, strengthening infrastructure, and supporting scholar-led systems protects taxpayer investments.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"the recommended NIH approach","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"This approach not only protects taxpayer investments but positions NIH to lead transformation toward an open and more sustainable system for scholarly communication that is better aligned with scientific progress and ensures the American research enterprise receives maximum benefit from federal funding while supporting broad access to knowledge.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-23/c67","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/bd8d0892c61e41c3","nativeRecordCid":"18eb5c47-21f3-4f5c-8168-98c29dfb1a63","documentId":"open-science-source-23","id":"c67","text":"The recommended approach positions NIH to lead transformation toward an open and more sustainable system for scholarly communication that is better aligned with scientific progress.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"the recommended NIH approach","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"This approach not only protects taxpayer investments but positions NIH to lead transformation toward an open and more sustainable system for scholarly communication that is better aligned with scientific progress and ensures the American research enterprise receives maximum benefit from federal funding while supporting broad access to knowledge.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-23/c68","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/12b9209d838f48ed","nativeRecordCid":"8c903ab4-c3fd-4697-bddb-0b25922990f0","documentId":"open-science-source-23","id":"c68","text":"The recommended approach ensures the American research enterprise receives maximum benefit from federal funding.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"the recommended NIH approach","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"This approach not only protects taxpayer investments but positions NIH to lead transformation toward an open and more sustainable system for scholarly communication that is better aligned with scientific progress and ensures the American research enterprise receives maximum benefit from federal funding while supporting broad access to knowledge.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-23/c69","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/157f6ed4ebea45f6","nativeRecordCid":"e7cd5937-9957-459f-8ae1-ec3c114e156d","documentId":"open-science-source-23","id":"c69","text":"The recommended approach supports broad access to knowledge.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"the recommended NIH approach","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"This approach not only protects taxpayer investments but positions NIH to lead transformation toward an open and more sustainable system for scholarly communication that is better aligned with scientific progress and ensures the American research enterprise receives maximum benefit from federal funding while supporting broad access to knowledge.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-23/c70","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/a78803e6509e4d86","nativeRecordCid":"84d1308d-2fce-4172-8a39-8d68867358cf","documentId":"open-science-source-23","id":"c70","text":"The recommended approach honors the public trust invested in NIH.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"the recommended NIH approach","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"This approach honors the public trust invested in NIH by ensuring that taxpayer-funded research truly serves the public interest, providing unrestricted access to the discoveries that taxpayers have already paid for.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-23/c71","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/233d8ae6435f476f","nativeRecordCid":"0b558bd9-852e-44f3-a899-1342e986cc51","documentId":"open-science-source-23","id":"c71","text":"The recommended approach supports the next generation of researchers.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"the recommended NIH approach","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"This not only protects taxpayer investments but also ensures that American scientific enterprise receives maximum benefit from research funding while supporting the next generation of researchers.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-23/c72","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/968b69c236884968","nativeRecordCid":"a2996dde-044d-4a86-8b78-26b3956742aa","documentId":"open-science-source-23","id":"c72","text":"A policy that simply regulates APC payments rather than addressing the causes that create dependence on them will divert precious research dollars to publisher profits.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"APC-payment-only regulation","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Any policy that simply regulates APC payments rather than addressing the causes that create dependence on them will continue to divert precious research dollars to publisher profits while creating barriers to the open knowledge exchange that drives scientific discovery.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-23/c73","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/262d53f1d7f04c68","nativeRecordCid":"a390a895-7a3c-4d65-a442-d81b190ff2d9","documentId":"open-science-source-23","id":"c73","text":"A policy that simply regulates APC payments rather than addressing the causes that create dependence on them will create barriers to the open knowledge exchange that drives scientific discovery.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"APC-payment-only regulation","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Any policy that simply regulates APC payments rather than addressing the causes that create dependence on them will continue to divert precious research dollars to publisher profits while creating barriers to the open knowledge exchange that drives scientific discovery.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-23/c74","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/89e5fd838c3247d4","nativeRecordCid":"a49aaa03-05e0-4fbe-a8bb-c84abcbf1d21","documentId":"open-science-source-23","id":"c74","text":"NIH should move away from fee-based publishing models entirely.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"NIH","subject":"fee-based publishing models","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"We urge NIH to seize this opportunity to move away from fee-based publishing models entirely by requiring immediate repository deposit and building on its existing infrastructure successes.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-24-c1/c1","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/d1e2ea7ca4ba4407","nativeRecordCid":"ab36b885-5657-470c-9b0b-aff4b90f32c2","documentId":"open-science-source-24-c1","id":"c1","text":"Sharing knowledge is a human right.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"","subject":"sharing knowledge","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"We believe that sharing knowledge is a human right, and that everyone should be able to access, contribute to, and benefit from the knowledge that shapes our world.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-24-c1/c2","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/2087640c70964c0c","nativeRecordCid":"9969400c-e6fb-46cf-ac82-299e76a1309e","documentId":"open-science-source-24-c1","id":"c2","text":"Everyone should be able to access the knowledge that shapes our world.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"everyone","subject":"access to knowledge","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"We believe that sharing knowledge is a human right, and that everyone should be able to access, contribute to, and benefit from the knowledge that shapes our world.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-24-c1/c3","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/9849706e937f43e2","nativeRecordCid":"ed8ebabd-ac41-48cc-9a13-6076817d9855","documentId":"open-science-source-24-c1","id":"c3","text":"Everyone should be able to contribute to the knowledge that shapes our world.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"everyone","subject":"contribution to knowledge","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"We believe that sharing knowledge is a human right, and that everyone should be able to access, contribute to, and benefit from the knowledge that shapes our world.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-24-c1/c4","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/285b73655a52421b","nativeRecordCid":"e7e3865d-20b5-4d6f-8c77-e65bd3a109e6","documentId":"open-science-source-24-c1","id":"c4","text":"Everyone should be able to benefit from the knowledge that shapes our world.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"everyone","subject":"benefit from knowledge","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"We believe that sharing knowledge is a human right, and that everyone should be able to access, contribute to, and benefit from the knowledge that shapes our world.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-24-c1/c5","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/4ddbdf6b25e645bf","nativeRecordCid":"54e017de-66cc-4851-82bc-0000ea80302b","documentId":"open-science-source-24-c1","id":"c5","text":"DOT should allow deposit of textual research outputs in other agency-designated repositories as a means for compliance, in addition to its own repository.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"DOT","subject":"repository deposit options","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"We encourage the Department to expand its current policy of requiring deposit of textual research outputs in the DOT repository to also allow deposit in other agency-designated repositories as a means for compliance.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-24-c1/c6","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/99c5d0091ca34534","nativeRecordCid":"fd4ce8c0-969c-49a4-a021-7f3e331dc077","documentId":"open-science-source-24-c1","id":"c6","text":"DOT should carefully consider governance and community alignment when evaluating the suitability of additional repositories as compliance options.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"DOT","subject":"evaluating additional repositories","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"We recommend DOT carefully consider governance and community alignment when evaluating the suitability of additional repositories as compliance options and use the U.S. Repository Network’s _Desirable Characteristics of Digital Publication Repositories_ as a resource in this process.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-24-c1/c7","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/9f524c3b7d504bab","nativeRecordCid":"a51e4a74-b1fe-4611-81ae-08b402bd1494","documentId":"open-science-source-24-c1","id":"c7","text":"DOT should use the U.S. Repository Network's Desirable Characteristics of Digital Publication Repositories as a resource when evaluating repositories.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"DOT","subject":"repository evaluation resource","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"We recommend DOT carefully consider governance and community alignment when evaluating the suitability of additional repositories as compliance options and use the U.S. Repository Network’s _Desirable Characteristics of Digital Publication Repositories_ as a resource in this process.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-24-c1/c8","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/480cd20e27e64c23","nativeRecordCid":"6983449e-2e9b-4041-a379-d48013ebfaac","documentId":"open-science-source-24-c1","id":"c8","text":"DOT-funded researchers should be provided with clear guidance on how to submit outputs to DOT's repository or any DOT-designated repository, making the submission process as convenient as possible.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"DOT","subject":"guidance for researchers on submission","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"DOT-funded researchers should also be provided with clear guidance on how to submit these outputs to DOT’s repository or any — DOT-designated repository making the submission process as convenient as possible by offering researchers compliance options that can be integrated into their current workflow processes.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-24-c1/c9","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/d25bd2a9d9a04dca","nativeRecordCid":"05ba5419-9816-4c5b-befb-c04733b2dc07","documentId":"open-science-source-24-c1","id":"c9","text":"Textual research outputs generated from DOT-funded grants should be in standardized, machine-readable formats.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"DOT","subject":"research output formats","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"To this end, we recommend DOT ensure that textual research outputs generated from DOT-funded grants are in standardized, machine-readable formats and made available under an open license, such as the CC BY license or its functional equivalent.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-24-c1/c10","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/799532942d3c4e1b","nativeRecordCid":"c5c73db6-5577-4a09-9f08-de2da1d591c0","documentId":"open-science-source-24-c1","id":"c10","text":"Textual research outputs generated from DOT-funded grants should be made available under an open license, such as the CC BY license or its functional equivalent.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"DOT","subject":"research output licensing","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"To this end, we recommend DOT ensure that textual research outputs generated from DOT-funded grants are in standardized, machine-readable formats and made available under an open license, such as the CC BY license or its functional equivalent.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-24-c1/c11","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/18d4fd2e8ab04161","nativeRecordCid":"f7801675-0d2f-4e5b-a496-be9d54da7b31","documentId":"open-science-source-24-c1","id":"c11","text":"Enhancing access to research outputs increases public awareness of the Department's work.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"enhanced access to research outputs","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Enhancing access to research outputs beyond traditional publications and underlying datasets increases public awareness of the Department’s work, improves its transparency and accountability, and broadens the range of people who can benefit from DOT-funded — research including students, early career researchers, and local practitioners.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-24-c1/c12","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/04350241cd1a4bf2","nativeRecordCid":"d6eae9dd-1785-42ad-bc97-845631f660b9","documentId":"open-science-source-24-c1","id":"c12","text":"Enhancing access to research outputs improves the Department's transparency and accountability.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"enhanced access to research outputs","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Enhancing access to research outputs beyond traditional publications and underlying datasets increases public awareness of the Department’s work, improves its transparency and accountability, and broadens the range of people who can benefit from DOT-funded — research including students, early career researchers, and local practitioners.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-24-c1/c13","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/26026fbc60b04dcb","nativeRecordCid":"e8f352fb-6667-46a7-9aad-e899d187e6ff","documentId":"open-science-source-24-c1","id":"c13","text":"Enhancing access to research outputs broadens the range of people who can benefit from DOT-funded research.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"enhanced access to research outputs","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Enhancing access to research outputs beyond traditional publications and underlying datasets increases public awareness of the Department’s work, improves its transparency and accountability, and broadens the range of people who can benefit from DOT-funded — research including students, early career researchers, and local practitioners.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-24-c1/c14","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/568ff49d13be4404","nativeRecordCid":"66d343d1-038c-4ecc-b25a-99168484d2d1","documentId":"open-science-source-24-c1","id":"c14","text":"The accessibility of DOT grey literature is particularly important given the direct impact it has on Americans' lives.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"DOT grey literature accessibility","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The accessibility of DOT grey literature is particularly important given the direct impact it has on Americans’ lives.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-24-c1/c15","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/34f9ddeb9ac34c98","nativeRecordCid":"25a6b17e-725f-464b-badc-0f1926732673","documentId":"open-science-source-24-c1","id":"c15","text":"Immediate availability of research information enables broader engagement on key transportation questions.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"immediate availability of research information","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Immediate availability of this information will enable broader engagement on key transportation questions and accelerate progress toward promoting safety, improving mobility, improving infrastructure, and preserving the environment.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-24-c1/c16","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/e763c85adeb34e6d","nativeRecordCid":"660f36a4-f054-4498-8eb5-c6bd291031cb","documentId":"open-science-source-24-c1","id":"c16","text":"Immediate availability of research information accelerates progress toward promoting safety.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"immediate availability of research information","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Immediate availability of this information will enable broader engagement on key transportation questions and accelerate progress toward promoting safety, improving mobility, improving infrastructure, and preserving the environment.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-24-c1/c17","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/02b010a9ebf24bc8","nativeRecordCid":"79596de7-32a6-477e-81ae-3a743472e5ea","documentId":"open-science-source-24-c1","id":"c17","text":"Immediate availability of research information accelerates progress toward improving mobility.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"immediate availability of research information","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Immediate availability of this information will enable broader engagement on key transportation questions and accelerate progress toward promoting safety, improving mobility, improving infrastructure, and preserving the environment.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-24-c1/c18","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/8b7e906521b64cd1","nativeRecordCid":"fead116b-6390-4315-a880-921bb23dfcfd","documentId":"open-science-source-24-c1","id":"c18","text":"Immediate availability of research information accelerates progress toward improving infrastructure.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"immediate availability of research information","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Immediate availability of this information will enable broader engagement on key transportation questions and accelerate progress toward promoting safety, improving mobility, improving infrastructure, and preserving the environment.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-24-c1/c19","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/7624937890e44c67","nativeRecordCid":"cd1407e1-1a8a-4f91-9133-350f22fbfca2","documentId":"open-science-source-24-c1","id":"c19","text":"Immediate availability of research information accelerates progress toward preserving the environment.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"immediate availability of research information","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Immediate availability of this information will enable broader engagement on key transportation questions and accelerate progress toward promoting safety, improving mobility, improving infrastructure, and preserving the environment.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-24-c1/c20","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/c3b8c2cb2264451c","nativeRecordCid":"e0601586-fd49-4184-8844-05f2388f2bc4","documentId":"open-science-source-24-c1","id":"c20","text":"Placing a CC BY license or its functional equivalent on a research output provides an important foundation for ensuring that outputs can be equitably accessed and fully reused.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"CC BY licensing","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"As discussed in Answer #1, placing a CC BY license or its functional equivalent on a research output provides an important foundation for better ensuring that all DOT textual research outputs can be equitably accessed and fully reused.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-24-c1/c21","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/f3a811abc484419d","nativeRecordCid":"8234faac-cc4c-4cb5-8d63-fd0ef33a304c","documentId":"open-science-source-24-c1","id":"c21","text":"The reuse rights granted by an open license remove restrictions on adaptations, better enabling the use of computer screen readers and other assistive technologies.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"open license reuse rights","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The reuse rights granted by such a license removes restrictions on adaptations to better enable the use of computer screen readers and other assistive technologies.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-24-c1/c22","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/ba0fbe8c9fe14928","nativeRecordCid":"65ad40e0-3ff3-4cdf-8cbe-fb7d5596a19c","documentId":"open-science-source-24-c1","id":"c22","text":"DOT should continue to follow guidance on digital accessibility outlined in Section 508 of the Rehabilitation Act.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"DOT","subject":"digital accessibility guidance","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"DOT should continue to follow guidance on digital accessibility outlined in Section 508 of the Rehabilitation Act (29 U.S.C. 794d), as well as the Web Content Accessibility Guidelines (WCAG 2.1) produced by the World Wide Web Consortium.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-24-c1/c23","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/1dc6d8bff46a479a","nativeRecordCid":"ae7066eb-0fb3-422f-b7c7-163673e5bf2c","documentId":"open-science-source-24-c1","id":"c23","text":"DOT should continue to follow the Web Content Accessibility Guidelines (WCAG 2.1) produced by the World Wide Web Consortium.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"DOT","subject":"digital accessibility guidance","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"DOT should continue to follow guidance on digital accessibility outlined in Section 508 of the Rehabilitation Act (29 U.S.C. 794d), as well as the Web Content Accessibility Guidelines (WCAG 2.1) produced by the World Wide Web Consortium.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-24-c1/c24","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/f34f3f55d91a4cb0","nativeRecordCid":"13b841eb-1d79-4d9a-b0f9-7c97dee8703e","documentId":"open-science-source-24-c1","id":"c24","text":"All DOT textual research outputs should be made available in standardized and machine readable formats so they can be more readily converted for use by assistive devices.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"DOT","subject":"machine readable formats for accessibility","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Additionally, all DOT textual research outputs should be made available in standardized and machine readable formats so that they can be more readily converted to a variety of other formats for use by assistive devices.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-24-c1/c25","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/bcc276dc36494023","nativeRecordCid":"a5056521-cde0-4489-a538-dbc0bdaea443","documentId":"open-science-source-24-c1","id":"c25","text":"The Department should require the deposit of authors' accepted manuscripts into its current repository or any other DOT-designated repository.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"DOT","subject":"deposit of accepted manuscripts","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"To make peer-reviewed publications freely, immediately, and equitably available, we recommend that the Department require the deposit of authors’ accepted manuscripts into the Department’s current repository or into any other DOT-designated repository.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-24-c1/c26","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/6fd7410b321f437e","nativeRecordCid":"6400fca4-06b0-4495-9a05-83dbdf242fc4","documentId":"open-science-source-24-c1","id":"c26","text":"Requiring deposit of authors' accepted manuscripts is the most equitable option for the researcher and the Department.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"manuscript deposit requirement","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"This is both the most equitable and affordable option for the researcher and the Department.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-24-c1/c27","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/23ac44b9fd1b475f","nativeRecordCid":"e9326f5f-24b1-4ee2-bd01-91dbab6a6583","documentId":"open-science-source-24-c1","id":"c27","text":"Requiring deposit of authors' accepted manuscripts is the most affordable option for the researcher and the Department.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"manuscript deposit requirement","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"This is both the most equitable and affordable option for the researcher and the Department.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-24-c1/c28","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/74b63bbb51944370","nativeRecordCid":"abf1b793-e44d-4cf9-9e95-0d0134c8d750","documentId":"open-science-source-24-c1","id":"c28","text":"DOT should consider collaborations with repositories at academic and research libraries.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"DOT","subject":"collaboration with library repositories","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"We encourage the Department to consider collaborations with repositories at academic and research libraries.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-24-c1/c29","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/9dd84a5a3a244dde","nativeRecordCid":"8688c874-2baa-4c6e-be2b-ff9ad97ed20c","documentId":"open-science-source-24-c1","id":"c29","text":"The U.S. Repositories Network is working to promote a strategic vision for U.S. repositories built on collaboration, discoverability, interoperability, and preservation.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"U.S. Repositories Network","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"In particular, the U.S. Repositories Network (USRN) mentioned above is working to promote a strategic vision for U.S. repositories built on collaboration, discoverability, interoperability, and preservation.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-24-c1/c30","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/cfe4112471684243","nativeRecordCid":"2680815d-e14e-486f-9bf6-3f4e47d0a4f4","documentId":"open-science-source-24-c1","id":"c30","text":"Repositories are a critical component of national research infrastructure.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"repositories","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"It is organized around the belief that repositories are a critical component of our national research infrastructure, and by offering rapid and open access to research, they can play a crucial role in collective efforts to transform research — communications leading to a more open, inclusive, and equitable system.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-24-c1/c31","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/ebcaea6ec49a429f","nativeRecordCid":"4824d46b-0fec-4f3a-aafa-f232a97cfcb5","documentId":"open-science-source-24-c1","id":"c31","text":"By offering rapid and open access to research, repositories can play a crucial role in collective efforts to transform research communications, leading to a more open, inclusive, and equitable system.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"repositories","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"It is organized around the belief that repositories are a critical component of our national research infrastructure, and by offering rapid and open access to research, they can play a crucial role in collective efforts to transform research — communications leading to a more open, inclusive, and equitable system.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-24-c1/c32","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/c6b8b4f19f494afb","nativeRecordCid":"a147cbd6-e3d9-48f9-8768-e464c926209d","documentId":"open-science-source-24-c1","id":"c32","text":"DOT should encourage funded researchers to explore communications options that provide free, immediate access to research outputs without relying on unnecessary and unsustainable author-side charges.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"DOT","subject":"non-APC communications options","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"We also recommend the Department encourage funded researchers to explore the growing number of communications options that provide free, immediate access to research outputs that do not rely on unnecessary and unsustainable author-side charges for investigators to deposit their work.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-24-c1/c33","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/f9400f2e4d454017","nativeRecordCid":"a46fd339-f987-4745-8d43-08ad81d19ce4","documentId":"open-science-source-24-c1","id":"c33","text":"DOT should use caution when considering allowable paths to compliance that require author-side fees, particularly Article Processing Charges, that present financial barriers to authors.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"DOT","subject":"compliance paths requiring author fees","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"To ensure the broadest and most equitable reach of its funded scholarly publications, we urge the DOT to use caution when considering allowable paths to compliance that require author-side fees, particularly Article Processing Charges (APCs), that present financial barriers to authors.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-24-c1/c34","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/b023ec3725504432","nativeRecordCid":"f6697b31-6ed5-4ab0-97c6-f4cc5ad3196d","documentId":"open-science-source-24-c1","id":"c34","text":"Article Processing Charges are rising rapidly in price.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"Article Processing Charges","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"APCs are rising rapidly in price, driving an overall increase in the cost of research communication that presents a growing risk of tradeoffs in diverting funds away from the research process itself.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-24-c1/c35","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/09feb9ccedc3467d","nativeRecordCid":"dd000463-05e7-46a0-85cc-47f7b8c8e2af","documentId":"open-science-source-24-c1","id":"c35","text":"The rising price of Article Processing Charges drives an overall increase in the cost of research communication.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"Article Processing Charges","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"APCs are rising rapidly in price, driving an overall increase in the cost of research communication that presents a growing risk of tradeoffs in diverting funds away from the research process itself.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-24-c1/c36","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/85e95012793d45f5","nativeRecordCid":"c1ec7e2d-e138-4ec5-a8d7-a2e8a5eeb263","documentId":"open-science-source-24-c1","id":"c36","text":"The increase in the cost of research communication presents a growing risk of diverting funds away from the research process itself.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"cost of research communication","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"APCs are rising rapidly in price, driving an overall increase in the cost of research communication that presents a growing risk of tradeoffs in diverting funds away from the research process itself.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-24-c1/c37","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/32751ba396c04ab2","nativeRecordCid":"c0b8c3c9-5bb7-4f13-9402-82602a143187","documentId":"open-science-source-24-c1","id":"c37","text":"Article Processing Charges create prohibitive barriers to publication that negatively impact many researchers.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"Article Processing Charges","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"APCs create prohibitive barriers to publication that negatively impact many researchers, especially in instances where publishing in particular APC-based journals is viewed as important for career advancement.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-24-c1/c38","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/303b8c5ec8544d26","nativeRecordCid":"9549c98f-4e9e-4895-867b-04bf5900f371","documentId":"open-science-source-24-c1","id":"c38","text":"Article Processing Charges result in fewer opportunities for individual researchers to share their results with the scientific community and the public.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"Article Processing Charges","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"This results in fewer opportunities for individual researchers to share their results with the scientific community and the public.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-24-c1/c39","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/432c52bbbac74d39","nativeRecordCid":"48bcd78a-d2bd-4020-8ef2-f3e4d4880053","documentId":"open-science-source-24-c1","id":"c39","text":"Article Processing Charge costs disproportionately affect younger researchers, female researchers, and researchers at less well-funded institutions.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"Article Processing Charge costs","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"This is extremely troubling from an equity perspective, as studies have documented that APC costs disproportionately affect younger researchers, female researchers, and those at less well-funded institutions.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-24-c1/c40","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/283e8cb043384a29","nativeRecordCid":"894e5b49-9c5d-46fa-9198-774c239b6fa0","documentId":"open-science-source-24-c1","id":"c40","text":"Open licensing and machine readability enable the broadest access and reuse of research outputs.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"open licensing and machine readability","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Open licensing and machine readability enable the broadest access and reuse and are critical to achieving full scientific utility and equitable reach of research outputs.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-24-c1/c41","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/58d17545028643d1","nativeRecordCid":"bdee7eaa-90f5-4b49-bdd3-decf288af76f","documentId":"open-science-source-24-c1","id":"c41","text":"Open licensing and machine readability are necessary to achieve full scientific utility and equitable reach of research outputs.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"","subject":"open licensing and machine readability","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Open licensing and machine readability enable the broadest access and reuse and are critical to achieving full scientific utility and equitable reach of research outputs.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-24-c1/c42","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/e275a3aeec6f4dd5","nativeRecordCid":"bc812148-9081-4cab-807f-cf15279258ae","documentId":"open-science-source-24-c1","id":"c42","text":"DOT's Public Access Plan should ensure that peer-reviewed scholarly publications are made freely and immediately available in standardized and machine readable formats that fully enable text and data mining, machine learning, and other computational uses.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"DOT","subject":"machine readable scholarly publications","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"To ensure that the full value of the Department’s investment in research can be realized, DOT’s Public Access Plan should ensure that peer-reviewed scholarly publications are made freely and immediately available in standardized and machine readable formats that fully enable text and data mining, machine learning and other computational uses.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-24-c1/c43","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/ef5d85b011e34004","nativeRecordCid":"e2a9d245-aa14-4be7-a13c-01cadef65e21","documentId":"open-science-source-24-c1","id":"c43","text":"DOT should ensure that authors explicitly retain the rights needed to authorize open licenses, regardless of whether they deposit an author accepted manuscript or a final published article.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"DOT","subject":"author retention of rights","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"To enable the use of an open license, DOT should ensure that authors explicitly retain the rights needed to authorize open licenses, regardless of whether authors deposit an author accepted manuscript or a final published article in a DOT-designated repository.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-24-c1/c44","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/6a0551cf73ab421c","nativeRecordCid":"1209ff22-0fd2-4b50-b362-577a6d6e66b2","documentId":"open-science-source-24-c1","id":"c44","text":"DOT should ensure that it obtains sufficient rights to provide the public with the full benefits of the research that it funds.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"DOT","subject":"DOT obtaining sufficient rights","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"DOT should also ensure that it obtains sufficient rights to provide the public with the full benefits of the research that it funds.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-24-c1/c45","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/8297ae5d862a4a07","nativeRecordCid":"e2900fad-6f09-4c3a-b983-a9971dbf5325","documentId":"open-science-source-24-c1","id":"c45","text":"The public should be able to access final peer-reviewed accepted manuscripts freely, without embargo or delay, and under terms that make them fully reusable.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"","subject":"public access to accepted manuscripts","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"In particular, as the OSTP Memorandum directs, the public should be able to access final peer-reviewed accepted manuscripts freely, without embargo or delay, and under terms that make them fully reusable.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-24-c1/c46","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/dc0201d76adf474a","nativeRecordCid":"44dcec01-0bcd-462c-bffc-a1ad21bd0c1d","documentId":"open-science-source-24-c1","id":"c46","text":"The Department should achieve free, immediate, and equitable access in a manner that minimizes complexity and burden in compliance by grantee institutions and individual researchers.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"DOT","subject":"minimizing compliance burden","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The Department should seek to achieve this result in a manner that minimizes complexity and burden in compliance by grantee institutions and individual researchers.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-24-c1/c47","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/914c4d1af66b468b","nativeRecordCid":"fb5551a4-c85f-48f0-b301-f1d5a9204d8b","documentId":"open-science-source-24-c1","id":"c47","text":"Federal agencies and departments should deliberately build capacity for robust equity assessment for policymaking and program implementation.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"federal agencies and departments","subject":"equity assessment capacity","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"SPARC strongly supports the White House Equitable Data Working Group’s recommendation that federal agencies and departments deliberately build capacity for robust equity assessment for policymaking and program implementation, which will be helpful in minimizing disparate impacts in implementation.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-24-c1/c48","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/bdd5bcd1f68a4a0b","nativeRecordCid":"23af878f-db86-47ae-999e-0f9f93b5c486","documentId":"open-science-source-24-c1","id":"c48","text":"Building capacity for robust equity assessment is helpful in minimizing disparate impacts in implementation.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"equity assessment capacity","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"SPARC strongly supports the White House Equitable Data Working Group’s recommendation that federal agencies and departments deliberately build capacity for robust equity assessment for policymaking and program implementation, which will be helpful in minimizing disparate impacts in implementation.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-24-c1/c49","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/adc83e0fe02d4a24","nativeRecordCid":"35996cd7-5ae2-41d1-9a8f-af2b3537abdb","documentId":"open-science-source-24-c1","id":"c49","text":"DOT should coordinate the implementation of its Public Access Plan with the NSTC Subcommittee, the Department's broader Equity Action Plan, and broader White House recommendations.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"DOT","subject":"coordinating Public Access Plan implementation","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"We recommend DOT coordinate the implementation of its Public Access Plan with the NSTC Subcommittee, the Department’s broader Equity Action Plan, and broader White House recommendations.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-24-c1/c50","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/4a3ecbebbd0f40dd","nativeRecordCid":"9214ad37-bc9b-45ee-9d6f-ea4307da90e3","documentId":"open-science-source-24-c1","id":"c50","text":"DOT should look for opportunities to better align its award practices with assessment approaches that advance equity, such as recognizing preprints and avoiding journal-based metrics.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"DOT","subject":"equity-advancing award practices","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Finally, DOT should look for opportunities to better align its award practices with assessment approaches that advance equity, such as recognizing preprints and avoiding journal-based metrics.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-24-c1/c51","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/c90f227c8c414756","nativeRecordCid":"3463ab14-7ef1-40b9-89d7-760f25a0ecf5","documentId":"open-science-source-24-c1","id":"c51","text":"Datasets underlying scholarly publications should only be shared via a DOT repository or a DOT-approved repository.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"researchers","subject":"sharing of underlying datasets","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"We support DOT’s decision to amend its data sharing policy to require that datasets underlying scholarly publications only be shared via a DOT repository or a DOT-approved repository (e.g., institutional, third party, etc.).","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-24-c1/c52","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/88f425af6ef2487f","nativeRecordCid":"d360badc-4798-4802-8085-54b994620613","documentId":"open-science-source-24-c1","id":"c52","text":"The use of trusted, public repositories maximizes discovery of data.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"trusted public repositories","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The use of trusted, public repositories will maximize discovery, encourage collaborative development, improve version control, and ensure long-term preservation.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-24-c1/c53","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/69b36482df914a30","nativeRecordCid":"a8400dec-3b61-44d6-9033-7537e6448cb8","documentId":"open-science-source-24-c1","id":"c53","text":"The use of trusted, public repositories encourages collaborative development.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"trusted public repositories","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The use of trusted, public repositories will maximize discovery, encourage collaborative development, improve version control, and ensure long-term preservation.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-24-c1/c54","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/446e5ff04e9244c1","nativeRecordCid":"def28757-4133-4c00-82f1-105207e06af6","documentId":"open-science-source-24-c1","id":"c54","text":"The use of trusted, public repositories improves version control.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"trusted public repositories","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The use of trusted, public repositories will maximize discovery, encourage collaborative development, improve version control, and ensure long-term preservation.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-24-c1/c55","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/3d43fb01494c46c9","nativeRecordCid":"5076925d-1a35-467c-ae5f-fd2b721caeea","documentId":"open-science-source-24-c1","id":"c55","text":"The use of trusted, public repositories ensures long-term preservation of data.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"trusted public repositories","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The use of trusted, public repositories will maximize discovery, encourage collaborative development, improve version control, and ensure long-term preservation.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-24-c1/c56","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/cfd4ef44e0974663","nativeRecordCid":"13e963b1-d611-44e4-95d6-6581e1778a66","documentId":"open-science-source-24-c1","id":"c56","text":"DOT-funded research should adhere to the FAIR Data Principles to ensure full reuse.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"DOT-funded research","subject":"FAIR Data Principles adherence","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"DOT-funded research should adhere to the FAIR Data Principles to ensure full reuse.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-24-c1/c57","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/193e027cac904f15","nativeRecordCid":"45a43793-c4c0-48b9-88c8-a46489972b83","documentId":"open-science-source-24-c1","id":"c57","text":"Data repositories approved by DOT should align with the characteristics outlined in the NSTC's Desirable Characteristics of Data Repositories for Federally Funded Research.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"data repositories approved by DOT","subject":"repository characteristics alignment","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"To enable the FAIR principles, data repositories approved by DOT should align with the characteristics outlined in the National Science & Technology Council’s (NSTC) “Desirable Characteristics of Data Repositories for Federally Funded Research.”","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-24-c1/c58","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/e001e25bb915491a","nativeRecordCid":"0718ca5d-1a0f-4f75-a859-85f1f5a92e5e","documentId":"open-science-source-24-c1","id":"c58","text":"DOT should use the NSTC guidance's characteristics to certify and/or establish DOT-approved data repositories.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"DOT","subject":"certifying data repositories","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"This guidance was widely welcomed by the research community, and we encourage the Department to use its characteristics to certify and/or establish DOT-approved data repositories.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-24-c1/c59","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/5535248c72a2480e","nativeRecordCid":"7456f895-410e-40eb-8e7a-728650aa6f01","documentId":"open-science-source-24-c1","id":"c59","text":"DOT should provide clear guidelines on data repositories to reduce confusion and lessen the burden on researchers, especially those that have historically self-distributed their data.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"DOT","subject":"clear data repository guidelines","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"on data repositories to reduce confusion and lessen the burden on researchers, especially for those that have historically self-distributed their data.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-24-c1/c60","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/710cfeb6ab964d68","nativeRecordCid":"d7178828-311e-4aaa-9bc4-14a6c5713108","documentId":"open-science-source-24-c1","id":"c60","text":"Datasets vary in type and size.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"datasets","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The variations in the type and size of datasets requires a networked repository approach to achieve efficiencies and facilitate preservation and sharing.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-24-c1/c61","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/9ea05c6e56ae4e9f","nativeRecordCid":"e9d6e546-4291-4e5e-bfdb-8c263cfa8588","documentId":"open-science-source-24-c1","id":"c61","text":"A networked repository approach is necessary to achieve efficiencies and facilitate preservation and sharing of datasets.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"","subject":"networked repository approach","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The variations in the type and size of datasets requires a networked repository approach to achieve efficiencies and facilitate preservation and sharing.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-24-c1/c62","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/69c385aa24914b2e","nativeRecordCid":"cd1f6c41-3a16-40b3-9a2f-e8c51dfc162e","documentId":"open-science-source-24-c1","id":"c62","text":"DOT should work closely with repositories in the community to establish mechanisms for coordination and interoperability.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"DOT","subject":"repository coordination mechanisms","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"We recommend DOT work closely with repositories in the community to establish mechanisms for coordination and interoperability.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-24-c1/c63","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/6bb3065230c147c8","nativeRecordCid":"8237544b-60f1-4fed-a13f-39cd74b724d5","documentId":"open-science-source-24-c1","id":"c63","text":"Consistent metadata standards across networks are necessary to ensure that data is easily discoverable no matter where it is deposited.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"","subject":"metadata standards","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"As noted in the FAIR principles, consistent metadata standards across networks are critical to ensuring that data is easily discoverable no matter where it is deposited.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-24-c1/c64","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/9e8e7880d5294443","nativeRecordCid":"150a3a0a-1252-4241-aaeb-aca662af0a87","documentId":"open-science-source-24-c1","id":"c64","text":"DOT should ensure that it adheres to equitable community standards such as the CARE Principles for Indigenous Data Governance.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"DOT","subject":"adherence to CARE Principles","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The Department should also ensure that it is adhering to equitable community standards such as the CARE Principles for Indigenous Data Governance.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-24-c1/c65","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/77ba1b6fa93d4132","nativeRecordCid":"611dd3f8-ec85-4d5f-8714-7ee3b5b48f2b","documentId":"open-science-source-24-c1","id":"c65","text":"The FAIR and CARE Principles should work in tandem with each other to facilitate Indigenous control in data governance and reuse.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"","subject":"FAIR and CARE Principles","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Ideally, the FAIR and CARE Principles should work in tandem with each other to facilitate Indigenous control in data governance and reuse.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-24-c1/c66","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/b1746f80e5854ab4","nativeRecordCid":"e47a757e-1451-4092-b87b-cd4b0b7067bc","documentId":"open-science-source-24-c1","id":"c66","text":"The Department should develop data sharing guidance for grantees that aligns with the FAIR and CARE Principles.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"DOT","subject":"data sharing guidance for grantees","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"As part of its Public Access Plan, the Department should develop data sharing guidance for grantees that aligns with the FAIR and CARE Principles.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-24-c1/c67","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/8b7f64784e104293","nativeRecordCid":"b002027a-77ba-4eab-baa7-730c37ad95a3","documentId":"open-science-source-24-c1","id":"c67","text":"The CARE Principles are an important starting point for engaging in evolving ethical frameworks related to research sharing and communication.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"CARE Principles","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The CARE Principles are an important starting point to ensure DOT is fully engaged in evolving ethical frameworks related to research sharing and communication.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-24-c1/c68","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/8d81909c44834051","nativeRecordCid":"15432ee3-b7a4-47bc-8b10-4a5be4b2f64c","documentId":"open-science-source-24-c1","id":"c68","text":"The wellbeing of Indigenous people must be central in data ecosystems to minimize harm, maximize benefits, promote justice, and allow for future use.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"","subject":"wellbeing of Indigenous people in data ecosystems","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The Ethical Principle (the “E” in CARE) requires that the wellbeing of Indigenous people be central in data ecosystems to minimize harm, maximize benefits, promote justice, and allow for future use.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-24-c1/c69","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/2aa47c53b14f4c4b","nativeRecordCid":"e1d5044b-bca9-44cb-9f13-36a4807ca52b","documentId":"open-science-source-24-c1","id":"c69","text":"The Ethical Principle can be expanded to be inclusive of other marginalized groups impacted by or involved in data collection and sharing activities.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"Ethical Principle","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"This principle can be expanded to be inclusive of other marginalized groups impacted by or involved in data collection and sharing activities related to DOT-funded research.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-24-c1/c70","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/1e09050aaded4a4e","nativeRecordCid":"3f445d1f-adbe-462b-9552-2f793a278add","documentId":"open-science-source-24-c1","id":"c70","text":"DOT should leverage the Guidance for Federal Departments and Agencies on Indigenous Knowledge and its associated implementation memorandum to implement the Ethical Principle from CARE and other frameworks.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"DOT","subject":"Indigenous Knowledge guidance","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"To implement the Ethical Principle from CARE and other frameworks, we recommend DOT leverage the _Guidance for Federal Departments and Agencies on Indigenous Knowledge_ issued by the Office of Science and Technology Policy and the Council on Environmental Quality and its associated implementation memorandum.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-24-c1/c71","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/56a0ead23b2a496e","nativeRecordCid":"eccb678c-de77-4904-b3fb-1451267af278","documentId":"open-science-source-24-c1","id":"c71","text":"The guidance's portions on co-management and co-stewardship structures and co-production of knowledge are particularly helpful in DOT's efforts to implement ethical frameworks.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"Indigenous Knowledge guidance provisions","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"We see the portions of the guidance on co-management and co-stewardship structures and co-production of knowledge as being particularly helpful in DOT’s efforts to implement ethical frameworks.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-24-c1/c72","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/4d10a0888cc442f1","nativeRecordCid":"f938c8a0-6f69-4bf9-bd0b-48d7a6cbc164","documentId":"open-science-source-24-c1","id":"c72","text":"Code and software associated with research data should be shared openly.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"researchers","subject":"code and software sharing","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"DOT can strengthen its data sharing policy by requiring code and software associated with research data to also be shared openly.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-24-c1/c73","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/0ca649dbb79549a2","nativeRecordCid":"ce02c4c8-8d7b-4c41-a540-c668a7a356a9","documentId":"open-science-source-24-c1","id":"c73","text":"Sharing code and software associated with research data openly provides users with the necessary tools to analyze the data, increasing its value to the community.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"open code and software sharing","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"This would provide users with the necessary tools to analyze the data, increasing its value to the community, and aligning with the FAIR Principles to ensure data is findable, accessible, interoperable, and reusable.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-24-c1/c74","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/add47ddb5913425d","nativeRecordCid":"2fe0f136-285d-4748-a01a-2dcfd90a8955","documentId":"open-science-source-24-c1","id":"c74","text":"Sharing code and software associated with research data openly aligns with the FAIR Principles to ensure data is findable, accessible, interoperable, and reusable.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"open code and software sharing","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"This would provide users with the necessary tools to analyze the data, increasing its value to the community, and aligning with the FAIR Principles to ensure data is findable, accessible, interoperable, and reusable.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-24-c1/c75","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/013d310a82154197","nativeRecordCid":"5fde70cf-6408-4755-8968-c769df3ecf43","documentId":"open-science-source-24-c1","id":"c75","text":"Software and code associated with research data should be made available under open licenses that allow for free access, modification, and reuse.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"researchers","subject":"open licensing of software and code","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The Department should also require researchers to make the software and code available under open licenses that allows for free access, modification, and reuse.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-24-c1/c76","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/e1599b227ae04723","nativeRecordCid":"8e8dfc38-9ce7-4fee-bdcc-68c645d3cb74","documentId":"open-science-source-24-c1","id":"c76","text":"DOT should consult the Open Source Initiative regarding approved licenses that meet open licensing terms.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"DOT","subject":"consulting Open Source Initiative","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"We recommend the Department consult the Open Source Initiative which has a number of “approved licenses” that meet these terms.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-24-c1/c77","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/bc80a8305b974ef5","nativeRecordCid":"b072d2ce-90ec-40e5-a9b5-f0e2cb486019","documentId":"open-science-source-24-c1","id":"c77","text":"DOT and other federal agencies should identify and adopt de facto community standards where they exist.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"DOT and other federal agencies","subject":"de facto community standards","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"We encourage DOT (and other federal agencies) to identify and adopt de facto community standards where they exist.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-24-c1/c78","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/40c958cddfc84bb0","nativeRecordCid":"b81909c3-c87a-47e9-ac35-08df9c843ba6","documentId":"open-science-source-24-c1","id":"c78","text":"DOT should leverage the Research Organization Registry to identify research entities and require ROR IDs for grantees.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"DOT","subject":"Research Organization Registry adoption","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"For example, to identify\n\nresearch entities, we recommend that DOT leverage the Research Organization Registry (ROR), a registry of more than 100,000 organizations, and require ROR IDs for grantees.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-24-c1/c79","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/a5318ba64b0a447a","nativeRecordCid":"66d35b16-e6aa-4c09-bef4-ec70c39e035e","documentId":"open-science-source-24-c1","id":"c79","text":"DOT should adopt digital object identifiers for publications.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"DOT","subject":"DOIs for publications","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"We also recommend DOT adopt digital object identifiers (DOIs) for publications, data sets, and data management plans, and ORCIDs for researchers—each of which is a nonproprietary community standard for its identifier type.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-24-c1/c80","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/f44cd36a78d6439c","nativeRecordCid":"48d58b15-77f0-453b-aff5-74af6afac293","documentId":"open-science-source-24-c1","id":"c80","text":"DOT should adopt digital object identifiers for data sets.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"DOT","subject":"DOIs for data sets","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"We also recommend DOT adopt digital object identifiers (DOIs) for publications, data sets, and data management plans, and ORCIDs for researchers—each of which is a nonproprietary community standard for its identifier type.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-24-c1/c81","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/fb6788f06f6b4937","nativeRecordCid":"9a6b06c5-8aa1-4c92-a2e2-956d2e695136","documentId":"open-science-source-24-c1","id":"c81","text":"DOT should adopt digital object identifiers for data management plans.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"DOT","subject":"DOIs for data management plans","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"We also recommend DOT adopt digital object identifiers (DOIs) for publications, data sets, and data management plans, and ORCIDs for researchers—each of which is a nonproprietary community standard for its identifier type.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-24-c1/c82","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/58af90b7add244f5","nativeRecordCid":"4d9f12ea-7037-4696-b037-e25722f91cad","documentId":"open-science-source-24-c1","id":"c82","text":"DOT should adopt ORCIDs for researchers.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"DOT","subject":"ORCIDs for researchers","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"We also recommend DOT adopt digital object identifiers (DOIs) for publications, data sets, and data management plans, and ORCIDs for researchers—each of which is a nonproprietary community standard for its identifier type.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-24-c1/c83","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/c684a135f4e14b4c","nativeRecordCid":"31a72ce9-44f5-4546-bdc5-5f78a100c61e","documentId":"open-science-source-24-c1","id":"c83","text":"Digital object identifiers and ORCIDs are each nonproprietary community standards for their identifier type.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"DOIs and ORCIDs","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"We also recommend DOT adopt digital object identifiers (DOIs) for publications, data sets, and data management plans, and ORCIDs for researchers—each of which is a nonproprietary community standard for its identifier type.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-24-c1/c84","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/11d91c5d3237499a","nativeRecordCid":"754ab537-0add-4f64-99d2-b683885cf629","documentId":"open-science-source-24-c1","id":"c84","text":"DOT should coordinate its efforts with other participants in interagency working groups, including the NSTC Subcommittee on Open Science, to identify best practices and potential standards.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"DOT","subject":"interagency PID coordination","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Because the OSTP Memo requires all federal agencies to use digital identifiers, DOT should coordinate its efforts with other participants in interagency working groups, including the National Science and Technology Council’s (NSTC) Subcommittee on Open Science, to identify best practices and potential standards.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-24-c1/c85","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/74d359fc36e14f71","nativeRecordCid":"3038186a-6ec6-40d1-9d4e-88090c4b4069","documentId":"open-science-source-24-c1","id":"c85","text":"DOT should consider collaboration with standards bodies, such as NISO, to develop a framework and standards as part of a national PIDs strategy.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"DOT","subject":"collaboration with standards bodies","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"DOT also should consider collaboration with standards bodies, such as the National Information Standards Organization (NISO), to develop a framework and standards as part of a national PIDs strategy to facilitate smooth implementation.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-24-c1/c86","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/154a28f74c554604","nativeRecordCid":"f60eefde-86df-4eb7-851f-7a713fb0b74f","documentId":"open-science-source-24-c1","id":"c86","text":"PIDs have growing centrality in research infrastructure.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"persistent identifiers","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Given the growing centrality of PIDs in research infrastructure, it is essential that DOT and other federal agencies only adopt nonproprietary identifier types that enable the broadest possible use and allow anyone to leverage this information in new and innovative ways.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-24-c1/c87","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/7e73581bd7a14452","nativeRecordCid":"8782a9e3-45fa-4406-a6b5-5dc8954267b6","documentId":"open-science-source-24-c1","id":"c87","text":"DOT and other federal agencies must only adopt nonproprietary identifier types that enable the broadest possible use and allow anyone to leverage this information in new and innovative ways.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"DOT and other federal agencies","subject":"nonproprietary identifier adoption","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Given the growing centrality of PIDs in research infrastructure, it is essential that DOT and other federal agencies only adopt nonproprietary identifier types that enable the broadest possible use and allow anyone to leverage this information in new and innovative ways.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-24-c1/c88","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/c4f546c6a4324ac8","nativeRecordCid":"2bfc71bb-7873-4573-941f-e890351c8597","documentId":"open-science-source-24-c1","id":"c88","text":"The adoption of open science practices can significantly improve public access to information about DOT's research projects.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"open science practices adoption","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The adoption of open science practices can significantly improve public access to information about DOT’s research projects.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-24-c1/c89","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/1d6ac762877a40ca","nativeRecordCid":"10c2cb82-7621-4a8d-86cb-b4fba82b935a","documentId":"open-science-source-24-c1","id":"c89","text":"DOT should encourage funded researchers to preregister research projects, including the research question, study design, and data analysis plan.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"DOT","subject":"preregistration encouragement","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"For example, encouragement by DOT that funded researchers preregister research projects (including the research question, study design, and data analysis plan), post preprints, and consider publishing in journals with an open peer review process will increase transparency and the opportunity for engagement in the full lifecycle of a research project—not just the final results.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-24-c1/c90","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/06327754f26b4d72","nativeRecordCid":"1d2ebd4b-a36b-48f0-9149-880648232a5e","documentId":"open-science-source-24-c1","id":"c90","text":"DOT should encourage funded researchers to post preprints.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"DOT","subject":"preprint posting encouragement","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"For example, encouragement by DOT that funded researchers preregister research projects (including the research question, study design, and data analysis plan), post preprints, and consider publishing in journals with an open peer review process will increase transparency and the opportunity for engagement in the full lifecycle of a research project—not just the final results.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-24-c1/c91","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/6ee9aaf1c7de4b6c","nativeRecordCid":"e23a7c39-cf78-4e60-8486-9817a718ccf9","documentId":"open-science-source-24-c1","id":"c91","text":"DOT should encourage funded researchers to consider publishing in journals with an open peer review process.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"DOT","subject":"open peer review encouragement","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"For example, encouragement by DOT that funded researchers preregister research projects (including the research question, study design, and data analysis plan), post preprints, and consider publishing in journals with an open peer review process will increase transparency and the opportunity for engagement in the full lifecycle of a research project—not just the final results.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-24-c1/c92","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/7ac609899ad74f76","nativeRecordCid":"0e28f3a1-4bd6-42b0-8b5c-a300dc456f37","documentId":"open-science-source-24-c1","id":"c92","text":"Preregistering research projects, posting preprints, and publishing in journals with open peer review increase transparency in the research process.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"open research practices","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"For example, encouragement by DOT that funded researchers preregister research projects (including the research question, study design, and data analysis plan), post preprints, and consider publishing in journals with an open peer review process will increase transparency and the opportunity for engagement in the full lifecycle of a research project—not just the final results.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-24-c1/c93","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/a552f85a26394f75","nativeRecordCid":"c989a967-7810-45d2-82d0-84f118b21efb","documentId":"open-science-source-24-c1","id":"c93","text":"Preregistering research projects, posting preprints, and publishing in journals with open peer review increase the opportunity for engagement in the full lifecycle of a research project, not just the final results.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"open research practices","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"For example, encouragement by DOT that funded researchers preregister research projects (including the research question, study design, and data analysis plan), post preprints, and consider publishing in journals with an open peer review process will increase transparency and the opportunity for engagement in the full lifecycle of a research project—not just the final results.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-24-c1/c94","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/77533d0f7d0544ea","nativeRecordCid":"bea2382b-1e6c-4a90-8b73-1c7d4bf85410","documentId":"open-science-source-24-c1","id":"c94","text":"These open research practices boost reproducibility.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"open research practices","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"In addition to boosting reproducibility, these practices can also provide the public greater insight into and confidence in the research process.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-24-c1/c95","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/33dec67ba4e5420c","nativeRecordCid":"19f24887-6722-40a3-87a8-ef1c90e38ff3","documentId":"open-science-source-24-c1","id":"c95","text":"These open research practices provide the public greater insight into and confidence in the research process.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"open research practices","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"In addition to boosting reproducibility, these practices can also provide the public greater insight into and confidence in the research process.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-24-c10/c1","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/972fd52fac5849b0","nativeRecordCid":"35bca503-6973-43cd-956b-8707ed50b741","documentId":"open-science-source-24-c10","id":"c1","text":"The CDC must make the results of publicly funded research freely available to the public.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"CDC","subject":"results of publicly funded research","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"As stewards of taxpayer-funded research, the CDC has a responsibility to make the results of publicly funded research (both publications and data) freely available and fully reusable to the public, as well as ensure that publicly funded scientific data serves the public interest as a shared national resource.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-24-c10/c2","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/7979962ab1894840","nativeRecordCid":"41fa975b-9db9-48ea-944a-59d66e44e599","documentId":"open-science-source-24-c10","id":"c2","text":"The CDC must make the results of publicly funded research fully reusable to the public.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"CDC","subject":"results of publicly funded research","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"As stewards of taxpayer-funded research, the CDC has a responsibility to make the results of publicly funded research (both publications and data) freely available and fully reusable to the public, as well as ensure that publicly funded scientific data serves the public interest as a shared national resource.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-24-c10/c3","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/ff007dd49cf04112","nativeRecordCid":"705227a3-c8c8-4ac2-b990-a957af3b1e48","documentId":"open-science-source-24-c10","id":"c3","text":"The CDC must ensure that publicly funded scientific data serves the public interest as a shared national resource.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"CDC","subject":"publicly funded scientific data","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"As stewards of taxpayer-funded research, the CDC has a responsibility to make the results of publicly funded research (both publications and data) freely available and fully reusable to the public, as well as ensure that publicly funded scientific data serves the public interest as a shared national resource.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-24-c10/c4","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/5a6f720835dd49e4","nativeRecordCid":"47774829-ccf4-492e-a62d-ed8aca75db3b","documentId":"open-science-source-24-c10","id":"c4","text":"The DMP guidance and template can play a pivotal role in ensuring broader public access to CDC-funded data.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"the DMP guidance and template","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"SPARC strongly supports the CDC’s commitment to advancing data reuse, reproducibility, and accessibility, and believes the DMP guidance and template can play a pivotal role in ensuring broader public access to and discovery of CDC-funded data.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-24-c10/c5","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/ff3e37c1a6834ce5","nativeRecordCid":"148ef029-c5d7-4829-b211-3fe0a2ce282c","documentId":"open-science-source-24-c10","id":"c5","text":"The DMP guidance and template can play a pivotal role in ensuring broader discovery of CDC-funded data.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"the DMP guidance and template","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"SPARC strongly supports the CDC’s commitment to advancing data reuse, reproducibility, and accessibility, and believes the DMP guidance and template can play a pivotal role in ensuring broader public access to and discovery of CDC-funded data.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-24-c10/c6","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/ce3eda052a734d3d","nativeRecordCid":"ef85e7d8-885f-4075-b4a7-c0d2c411db56","documentId":"open-science-source-24-c10","id":"c6","text":"A common DMP template should be used across the agency.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"CDC","subject":"common DMP template","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"SPARC supports the use of a common DMP template across the agency.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-24-c10/c7","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/f28fa21c01c84ef1","nativeRecordCid":"95c5c7ee-5bf4-4eca-a52e-673572dfff18","documentId":"open-science-source-24-c10","id":"c7","text":"The proposed DMP template asks applicants to describe how data will be shared.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"the proposed DMP template","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The proposed DMP template appropriately asks applicants to describe how data will be shared and to justify any data that will not be made freely available.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-24-c10/c8","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/b4e8fe9395ec4fe3","nativeRecordCid":"7430d6d7-437e-44b4-ae32-620efeca2d5c","documentId":"open-science-source-24-c10","id":"c8","text":"The proposed DMP template asks applicants to justify any data that will not be made freely available.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"the proposed DMP template","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The proposed DMP template appropriately asks applicants to describe how data will be shared and to justify any data that will not be made freely available.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-24-c10/c9","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/4c9a36cb05f14252","nativeRecordCid":"ac3f96cf-bbac-4b87-a44f-cf5b6f92ac27","documentId":"open-science-source-24-c10","id":"c9","text":"The data underlying publications should be made open by default with appropriate safeguards to protect privacy.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"","subject":"data underlying publications","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"To further strengthen these provisions and to align with the _2025 Gold Standard Science Guidance_ ¹ and the _2022 OSTP Public Access Memorandum_ ², we recommend that the CDC explicitly adopt the principle that the data underlying publications should be made open by default with appropriate safeguards to protect privacy.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-24-c10/c10","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/81fd91e2b3ea4586","nativeRecordCid":"f58cabb3-e7a3-4912-8f7e-2bba8a9104f5","documentId":"open-science-source-24-c10","id":"c10","text":"Applicants must include plans for sharing data not directly associated with a scientific publication.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"applicants","subject":"plans for sharing data not tied to a publication","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"In addition, the CDC should require that applicants include plans for sharing data not directly associated with a scientific publication.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-24-c10/c11","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/ce5c862333974a59","nativeRecordCid":"c4e9021c-5f4d-46af-95c6-ea6114085306","documentId":"open-science-source-24-c10","id":"c11","text":"Requiring applicants to include plans for sharing data not directly associated with a scientific publication ensures that applicants consider data management and sharing early in the research lifecycle.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"requirement to include data-sharing plans","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"This ensures that applicants consider data management and sharing early in the research lifecycle - reinforcing research integrity and enhancing reproducibility.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-24-c10/c12","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/28f14b1235df497a","nativeRecordCid":"6642da76-3a98-484c-82aa-391c2d90edff","documentId":"open-science-source-24-c10","id":"c12","text":"Considering data management and sharing early in the research lifecycle reinforces research integrity.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"early consideration of data management and sharing","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"This ensures that applicants consider data management and sharing early in the research lifecycle - reinforcing research integrity and enhancing reproducibility.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-24-c10/c13","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/91e4dca4b869458c","nativeRecordCid":"81cc7287-a095-4c63-9373-f677b31f6bff","documentId":"open-science-source-24-c10","id":"c13","text":"Considering data management and sharing early in the research lifecycle enhances reproducibility.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"early consideration of data management and sharing","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"This ensures that applicants consider data management and sharing early in the research lifecycle - reinforcing research integrity and enhancing reproducibility.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-24-c10/c14","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/8bbfe3e7dc1845b5","nativeRecordCid":"e5ce1c0f-60c5-44e9-8805-b58ef7197ced","documentId":"open-science-source-24-c10","id":"c14","text":"The CDC's DMP template emphasizes the long-term preservation of data.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"the CDC's DMP template","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"SPARC applauds the CDC’s emphasis on the long-term preservation of data and its requirement for applicants to specify where data will be hosted.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-24-c10/c15","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/7589289e26314dde","nativeRecordCid":"32fa1798-a23f-4f7e-a2ef-b958b828923b","documentId":"open-science-source-24-c10","id":"c15","text":"The CDC's DMP template requires applicants to specify where data will be hosted.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"the CDC's DMP template","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"SPARC applauds the CDC’s emphasis on the long-term preservation of data and its requirement for applicants to specify where data will be hosted.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-24-c10/c16","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/73c9b2a23e214e80","nativeRecordCid":"8fcd5f2d-8c4f-4305-9a26-74d6bcb74597","documentId":"open-science-source-24-c10","id":"c16","text":"Applicants must use repositories that align with the National Science and Technology Council's Guidance on Desirable Characteristics of Data Repositories for Federally Funded Research.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"applicants","subject":"data repositories used by applicants","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"To further support sustained access and effective stewardship, we recommend that the CDC require applicants to use repositories that align with the _National Science and Technology Council’s Guidance on Desirable Characteristics of Data Repositories for Federally Funded Research_ ³ and that adhere to appropriate privacy frameworks when handling data that may contain or be derived from personal information.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-24-c10/c17","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/13a416bda9e34758","nativeRecordCid":"41f37ab2-2ffd-4fa9-b8e1-6df05975bf0f","documentId":"open-science-source-24-c10","id":"c17","text":"Applicants must use repositories that adhere to appropriate privacy frameworks when handling data that may contain or be derived from personal information.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"applicants","subject":"data repositories used by applicants","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"To further support sustained access and effective stewardship, we recommend that the CDC require applicants to use repositories that align with the _National Science and Technology Council’s Guidance on Desirable Characteristics of Data Repositories for Federally Funded Research_ ³ and that adhere to appropriate privacy frameworks when handling data that may contain or be derived from personal information.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-24-c10/c18","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/ab8a45779b7d4777","nativeRecordCid":"7c0fcfbc-77e3-4376-932a-6e5dacf86b6e","documentId":"open-science-source-24-c10","id":"c18","text":"Repositories that align with such guidance and adhere to appropriate privacy frameworks are best positioned to ensure that federally funded data remain findable, accessible, interoperable, and reusable (FAIR).","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"repositories aligned with NSTC guidance and privacy frameworks","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Such repositories are best positioned to ensure that federally funded data remain findable, accessible, interoperable, and reusable (FAIR).","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-24-c10/c19","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/9efa39292f564c19","nativeRecordCid":"e7315b58-42ba-4988-880d-a2f2a9e95774","documentId":"open-science-source-24-c10","id":"c19","text":"Data repositories should assign persistent identifiers (PIDs) to the data.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"data repositories","subject":"PIDs for data","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The CDC should recommend the use of data repositories that assign PIDs to the data, as well as utilize PIDs for data creators/authors, creator affiliations, funding organizations, and sources of funding to better support scientific integrity and transparency[4,5] .","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-24-c10/c20","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/f7f033d6415944ba","nativeRecordCid":"7290f6ea-8632-4617-afd1-355093bc8255","documentId":"open-science-source-24-c10","id":"c20","text":"Data repositories should utilize persistent identifiers (PIDs) for data creators and authors.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"data repositories","subject":"PIDs for data creators and authors","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The CDC should recommend the use of data repositories that assign PIDs to the data, as well as utilize PIDs for data creators/authors, creator affiliations, funding organizations, and sources of funding to better support scientific integrity and transparency[4,5] .","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-24-c10/c21","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/6929984e3bf744ec","nativeRecordCid":"0d23163a-67f0-419e-8893-c52fac604550","documentId":"open-science-source-24-c10","id":"c21","text":"Data repositories should utilize persistent identifiers (PIDs) for creator affiliations.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"data repositories","subject":"PIDs for creator affiliations","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The CDC should recommend the use of data repositories that assign PIDs to the data, as well as utilize PIDs for data creators/authors, creator affiliations, funding organizations, and sources of funding to better support scientific integrity and transparency[4,5] .","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-24-c10/c22","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/5f8262ade4b7427e","nativeRecordCid":"6eb5b297-4137-4078-8458-faa9cb9d8e00","documentId":"open-science-source-24-c10","id":"c22","text":"Data repositories should utilize persistent identifiers (PIDs) for funding organizations.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"data repositories","subject":"PIDs for funding organizations","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The CDC should recommend the use of data repositories that assign PIDs to the data, as well as utilize PIDs for data creators/authors, creator affiliations, funding organizations, and sources of funding to better support scientific integrity and transparency[4,5] .","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-24-c10/c23","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/50f401ecfb354388","nativeRecordCid":"daf9ad88-fc1f-42c3-9924-81c6c37acf07","documentId":"open-science-source-24-c10","id":"c23","text":"Data repositories should utilize persistent identifiers (PIDs) for sources of funding.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"data repositories","subject":"PIDs for sources of funding","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The CDC should recommend the use of data repositories that assign PIDs to the data, as well as utilize PIDs for data creators/authors, creator affiliations, funding organizations, and sources of funding to better support scientific integrity and transparency[4,5] .","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-24-c10/c24","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/71ea345c30484f64","nativeRecordCid":"7fcf8fed-371b-4534-8465-bea8d42bbca0","documentId":"open-science-source-24-c10","id":"c24","text":"Persistent identifiers may include digital object identifiers (DOIs) for research outputs and funding awards.","kind":"normative","modality":"may","actor":"","subject":"persistent identifiers","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"These PIDs might include digital object identifiers (DOIs) for research outputs and funding awards, archival resource keys (ARKs) for research outputs, ORCID iDs for authors, and research organization registry (ROR) IDs for organizations.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-24-c10/c25","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/7e8bfd73f3e2432c","nativeRecordCid":"a4e24aae-5d37-47d2-a5b0-2e4e6ce65c04","documentId":"open-science-source-24-c10","id":"c25","text":"Persistent identifiers may include archival resource keys (ARKs) for research outputs.","kind":"normative","modality":"may","actor":"","subject":"persistent identifiers","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"These PIDs might include digital object identifiers (DOIs) for research outputs and funding awards, archival resource keys (ARKs) for research outputs, ORCID iDs for authors, and research organization registry (ROR) IDs for organizations.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-24-c10/c26","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/1ea37535464d4bfd","nativeRecordCid":"9bc7e236-786b-4a13-95bb-28b924179e65","documentId":"open-science-source-24-c10","id":"c26","text":"Persistent identifiers may include ORCID iDs for authors.","kind":"normative","modality":"may","actor":"","subject":"persistent identifiers","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"These PIDs might include digital object identifiers (DOIs) for research outputs and funding awards, archival resource keys (ARKs) for research outputs, ORCID iDs for authors, and research organization registry (ROR) IDs for organizations.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-24-c10/c27","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/77ca3d9587564da4","nativeRecordCid":"843c7178-a60a-46ce-ae7d-334c46fc468a","documentId":"open-science-source-24-c10","id":"c27","text":"Persistent identifiers may include research organization registry (ROR) IDs for organizations.","kind":"normative","modality":"may","actor":"","subject":"persistent identifiers","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"These PIDs might include digital object identifiers (DOIs) for research outputs and funding awards, archival resource keys (ARKs) for research outputs, ORCID iDs for authors, and research organization registry (ROR) IDs for organizations.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-24-c10/c28","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/c57112e5994a475a","nativeRecordCid":"16099b09-0d26-4dcf-a11e-fe295714958d","documentId":"open-science-source-24-c10","id":"c28","text":"The CDC's goals of promoting data reuse, improving accessibility, and enhancing interoperability are important.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"the CDC's goals of promoting data reuse, accessibility, and interoperability","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The CDC’s goals of promoting data reuse, improving accessibility, and enhancing interoperability are both important and achievable.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-24-c10/c29","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/b9b2ae6cda244e8f","nativeRecordCid":"57dda62b-3208-4f90-b0a0-e52f02f14577","documentId":"open-science-source-24-c10","id":"c29","text":"The CDC's goals of promoting data reuse, improving accessibility, and enhancing interoperability are achievable.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"the CDC's goals of promoting data reuse, accessibility, and interoperability","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The CDC’s goals of promoting data reuse, improving accessibility, and enhancing interoperability are both important and achievable.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-24-c10/c30","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/5be739b5e1a543da","nativeRecordCid":"43b3d56e-111f-426d-bc71-446cdcbdc37d","documentId":"open-science-source-24-c10","id":"c30","text":"Success in achieving the CDC's goals depends on applicants planning for data management from the outset.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"success in achieving the CDC's goals","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Success will depend on ensuring that applicants plan for data management from the outset and leverage research infrastructure designed to advance openness and reuse.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-24-c10/c31","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/82c4b4b2e25e4494","nativeRecordCid":"7fb81c7b-4029-4f78-ab36-639a2276da90","documentId":"open-science-source-24-c10","id":"c31","text":"Success in achieving the CDC's goals depends on applicants leveraging research infrastructure designed to advance openness and reuse.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"success in achieving the CDC's goals","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Success will depend on ensuring that applicants plan for data management from the outset and leverage research infrastructure designed to advance openness and reuse.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-24-c2/c1","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/a134dc9d0a6c42d7","nativeRecordCid":"44618c0a-7b18-4a60-85d8-7b0d9c76f32b","documentId":"open-science-source-24-c2","id":"c1","text":"Sharing knowledge is a human right.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"","subject":"sharing knowledge","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"We believe that sharing knowledge is a human right, and that everyone should be able to access, contribute to, and benefit from the knowledge that shapes our world.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-24-c2/c2","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/1ce9223ddd324102","nativeRecordCid":"96e50619-5cad-4512-b0d3-eb1dea288cd7","documentId":"open-science-source-24-c2","id":"c2","text":"Everyone should be able to access the knowledge that shapes our world.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"everyone","subject":"access to knowledge","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"We believe that sharing knowledge is a human right, and that everyone should be able to access, contribute to, and benefit from the knowledge that shapes our world.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-24-c2/c3","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/1f88daddea6d4390","nativeRecordCid":"4b0028bb-dba0-4822-aad9-aaa24bf08f0c","documentId":"open-science-source-24-c2","id":"c3","text":"Everyone should be able to contribute to the knowledge that shapes our world.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"everyone","subject":"contributing to knowledge","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"We believe that sharing knowledge is a human right, and that everyone should be able to access, contribute to, and benefit from the knowledge that shapes our world.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-24-c2/c4","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/6af213b3c4f84b52","nativeRecordCid":"1ddef967-ca8f-47f8-bda4-05527e9b8709","documentId":"open-science-source-24-c2","id":"c4","text":"Everyone should be able to benefit from the knowledge that shapes our world.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"everyone","subject":"benefiting from knowledge","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"We believe that sharing knowledge is a human right, and that everyone should be able to access, contribute to, and benefit from the knowledge that shapes our world.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-24-c2/c5","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/5ee716f5f40b4c16","nativeRecordCid":"5da03225-9f6e-4eaa-b776-2ddb46c50694","documentId":"open-science-source-24-c2","id":"c5","text":"AHRQ's updated Public Access Plan puts the agency on strong footing to implement the provisions of the 2022 OSTP Memorandum.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"AHRQ's updated Public Access Plan","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"AHRQ’s updated plan puts the agency on strong footing to implement the provisions of the 2022 OSTP Memorandum in pursuit of its mission to make health care safer, higher quality, more accessible, equitable, and affordable.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-24-c2/c6","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/cee788109fa444d8","nativeRecordCid":"1d3d0fa2-09cf-4580-8dbd-5b1433441bd0","documentId":"open-science-source-24-c2","id":"c6","text":"Depositing final peer-reviewed accepted manuscripts into PMC is the most affordable compliance mechanism for grantees because it is free for the author.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"depositing manuscripts into PMC","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"affordable and equitable compliance mechanism for grantees because it is free for the author.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-24-c2/c7","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/416f8e8e20fa47d3","nativeRecordCid":"44dbb46f-a185-4ef1-b576-ae257be63f28","documentId":"open-science-source-24-c2","id":"c7","text":"Depositing final peer-reviewed accepted manuscripts into PMC is the most equitable compliance mechanism for grantees because it is free for the author.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"depositing manuscripts into PMC","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"affordable and equitable compliance mechanism for grantees because it is free for the author.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-24-c2/c8","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/4a4051c2b2fd402b","nativeRecordCid":"c68bd8a9-cdc6-462c-a788-ce7c9b8d29a1","documentId":"open-science-source-24-c2","id":"c8","text":"AHRQ should make clear that any fee authors may be asked to pay is a publication fee and not a fee required by AHRQ to comply with its policy.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"AHRQ","subject":"fee clarification","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"we think it is important for the agency to make it clear that any fee that authors may be asked to pay is a publication fee, and not a fee required by AHRQ to comply with its policy.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-24-c2/c9","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/0a46b618beab402e","nativeRecordCid":"982f8f83-4dba-420f-9a57-965721aa3189","documentId":"open-science-source-24-c2","id":"c9","text":"Authors must not conflate compliance with article processing charges (APCs).","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"authors","subject":"conflating compliance with APCs","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"It is critical that authors do not conflate compliance with article processing charges (APCs), which create significant barriers for less-well-resourced researchers and institutions to make their research available.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-24-c2/c10","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/61b45689a5b840c9","nativeRecordCid":"33d9906e-b693-40ea-acc2-3f9065ac06d4","documentId":"open-science-source-24-c2","id":"c10","text":"Article processing charges (APCs) create significant barriers for less-well-resourced researchers and institutions to make their research available.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"article processing charges","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"It is critical that authors do not conflate compliance with article processing charges (APCs), which create significant barriers for less-well-resourced researchers and institutions to make their research available.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-24-c2/c11","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/385084a20aef4257","nativeRecordCid":"24818c6d-7f4f-45c6-a599-747cc9148942","documentId":"open-science-source-24-c2","id":"c11","text":"AHRQ should engage with the U.S. Repository Network (USRN) to identify additional repositories that meet the agency's criteria for depositing publications.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"AHRQ","subject":"engagement with USRN","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"We also encourage AHRQ to engage with the U.S. Repository Network (USRN) to identify additional repositories that meet the agency’s criteria for depositing publications.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-24-c2/c12","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/c948715f715540f2","nativeRecordCid":"577f0db8-bb7c-4aea-9f3e-07389c20524c","documentId":"open-science-source-24-c2","id":"c12","text":"Articles must carry the necessary rights to ensure they can be fully reused, to meet the full requirements of the OSTP Memorandum.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"","subject":"articles' reuse rights","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"However, to meet the full requirements of the OSTP Memorandum, articles must also carry the necessary rights to make sure that they can be fully reused as well.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-24-c2/c13","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/52d710b8f5574f96","nativeRecordCid":"1149cb99-c366-46d0-bcd9-0a5d0dbc6481","documentId":"open-science-source-24-c2","id":"c13","text":"Publications should carry a CC BY 4.0 International License or its functional equivalent.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"","subject":"publications' license","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"We strongly recommend that this section be strengthened to require that publications carry a CC BY 4.0 International License, or its functional equivalent.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-24-c2/c14","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/1fd134333e894919","nativeRecordCid":"ba9dc777-6158-4a1b-82b4-76f8b5a8afec","documentId":"open-science-source-24-c2","id":"c14","text":"Articles should be made publicly available in standardized, machine-readable formats.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"","subject":"publication formats","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"We also recommend that AHRQ require articles to be made publicly available in standardized, machine-readable formats.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-24-c2/c15","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/86a380124cac4780","nativeRecordCid":"c7951f9c-528f-4b7a-9f6e-51284a2f9621","documentId":"open-science-source-24-c2","id":"c15","text":"Agency publications should include re-use rights.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"AHRQ","subject":"agency publications' re-use rights","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Our recommendation is that all agency publications include re-use rights.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-24-c2/c16","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/d31e71802bc34ea8","nativeRecordCid":"2e22362c-974e-47c7-b929-88d7590ecaa7","documentId":"open-science-source-24-c2","id":"c16","text":"AHRQ should require grantees, as a term and condition of funding agreements, to ensure that AHRQ receives a license to agency publications sufficient for AHRQ to grant the public re-use rights.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"AHRQ","subject":"grantee license requirement","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"we suggest that AHRQ require grantees, as a term and condition of funding agreements, to ensure that the agency receives a license to agency publications sufficient for AHRQ to grant the public re-use rights.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-24-c2/c17","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/31f9c95d65c243be","nativeRecordCid":"6a2d06df-f182-45e3-8206-bef211bf9170","documentId":"open-science-source-24-c2","id":"c17","text":"Requiring grantees to provide AHRQ a sufficient license as a term and condition of funding is the most straightforward approach that minimizes complexity and burden in compliance for grantee institutions and authors.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"requiring grantee license as funding condition","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"This is the most straightforward approach that minimizes complexity and burden in compliance by grantee institutions and authors.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-24-c2/c18","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/213dacd954bb4292","nativeRecordCid":"31ca661d-47dd-4aa0-9814-e81fbe9906ef","documentId":"open-science-source-24-c2","id":"c18","text":"AHRQ may rely on its existing federal purpose license under 2 C.F.R. § 200.315(b) to secure public re-use rights to agency publications.","kind":"normative","modality":"may","actor":"AHRQ","subject":"federal purpose license","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"To do this, the agency could rely on its existing federal purpose license under 2 C.F.R. § 200.315(b) or it could require grantees to ensure that AHRQ receives an analogous additional license that specifically provides the right to grant the public re-use rights to agency publications covered by the Public Access Policy.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-24-c2/c19","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/bbb0bf9f86f9494b","nativeRecordCid":"1c3af806-a03f-4564-830e-b98191ab67ed","documentId":"open-science-source-24-c2","id":"c19","text":"AHRQ may require grantees to ensure that AHRQ receives an analogous additional license that specifically provides the right to grant the public re-use rights to agency publications covered by the Public Access Policy.","kind":"normative","modality":"may","actor":"AHRQ","subject":"additional license from grantees","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"To do this, the agency could rely on its existing federal purpose license under 2 C.F.R. § 200.315(b) or it could require grantees to ensure that AHRQ receives an analogous additional license that specifically provides the right to grant the public re-use rights to agency publications covered by the Public Access Policy.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-24-c2/c20","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/74888f4fe3ab4558","nativeRecordCid":"a189fb22-af80-4331-984b-dc6dccd1cfa6","documentId":"open-science-source-24-c2","id":"c20","text":"Requiring the additional license as a term and condition of funding ensures the agency receives that license at the moment the scholarly publication is created, consistent with how the longstanding federal purpose license operates.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"additional license timing","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The legal effect of this contract language is that the agency receives its additional license at the moment the scholarly publication is created, which is how the longstanding federal purpose license operates.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-24-c2/c21","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/a18a045f6a4748b5","nativeRecordCid":"436fea01-b893-4906-b7f4-b4309214c3fe","documentId":"open-science-source-24-c2","id":"c21","text":"Even if an author from a grantee's institution signs a publication agreement that conflicts with the agency's license, the agency's license remains intact.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"agency's additional license","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"In this way, even if an author from the grantee’s institution signs a publication agreement that conflicts with the agency’s license, the agency’s license remains intact.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-24-c2/c22","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/5795d40506a8413c","nativeRecordCid":"fa9e2204-ace3-428a-8189-8a465199c061","documentId":"open-science-source-24-c2","id":"c22","text":"AHRQ should develop template language that can be attached to or included with the publication to indicate the publication is available under an open license.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"AHRQ","subject":"template language for open license","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"We also recommend the agency develop template language that can be attached to or included with the publication, either by the author or PMC staff, to indicate the publication is available under an open license.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-24-c2/c23","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/e455c215615e4e9e","nativeRecordCid":"5f59c001-ad77-4346-950c-eef478c86f40","documentId":"open-science-source-24-c2","id":"c23","text":"AHRQ should ensure that accessibility accommodations are provided where necessary for any final publisher PDFs made available as a result of AHRQ's plan.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"AHRQ","subject":"accessibility accommodations","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"To meet the OSTP Memorandum’s requirement for equitable delivery of federally-funded research results, AHRQ should ensure that accessibility accommodations are provided where necessary for any final publisher PDFs that are made available as a result of AHRQ’s plan.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-24-c2/c24","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/ee2919a5552f4460","nativeRecordCid":"714a97b5-0fd4-48ce-b5aa-51c449e84d43","documentId":"open-science-source-24-c2","id":"c24","text":"Publishers of scholarly works are able to add accessible features most effectively and efficiently.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"publishers of scholarly works","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"While publishers of scholarly works are able to add accessible features most effectively and efficiently, PDFs provided by publishers are not always 508 compliant.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-24-c2/c25","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/cfbf2ad043f34d78","nativeRecordCid":"f5df25d7-40e5-4a38-a601-4079b1c52f27","documentId":"open-science-source-24-c2","id":"c25","text":"PDFs provided by publishers are not always 508 compliant.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"publisher PDFs","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"While publishers of scholarly works are able to add accessible features most effectively and efficiently, PDFs provided by publishers are not always 508 compliant.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-24-c2/c26","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/3f10527814924a23","nativeRecordCid":"aed16c78-d452-4d26-ae2c-073b4692f3e1","documentId":"open-science-source-24-c2","id":"c26","text":"AHRQ should include a plan to remediate non-compliant works in accordance with U.S. copyright law.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"AHRQ","subject":"remediation plan","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"We recommend that AHRQ include a plan to remediate non-compliant works in accordance with U.S. copyright law, which explicitly grants a broad exception for remediation and distribution of accessible works to people with print disabilities.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-24-c2/c27","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/2799980d80dd4a6c","nativeRecordCid":"76ca747b-849d-4a8d-825f-f00ad14fc97c","documentId":"open-science-source-24-c2","id":"c27","text":"U.S. copyright law explicitly grants a broad exception for remediation and distribution of accessible works to people with print disabilities.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"U.S. copyright law","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"We recommend that AHRQ include a plan to remediate non-compliant works in accordance with U.S. copyright law, which explicitly grants a broad exception for remediation and distribution of accessible works to people with print disabilities.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-24-c2/c28","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/a21a87fe275e496b","nativeRecordCid":"6095049c-9a19-41f5-ba32-7b9a537ca1a7","documentId":"open-science-source-24-c2","id":"c28","text":"The copyright exception for remediation and distribution of accessible works is bolstered by the Marrakesh Treaty.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"Marrakesh Treaty","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"This exception is bolstered by the Marrakesh Treaty.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-24-c2/c29","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/aa114cb0908f4bc9","nativeRecordCid":"679a4a2c-1470-47ed-8962-c9c160c8300d","documentId":"open-science-source-24-c2","id":"c29","text":"Copying and distributing works in accessible formats is not constrained by copyright law.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"copying/distributing accessible-format works","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Copying and distributing works in accessible formats is not constrained by copyright law, and we recommend the agency remove “due to copyright constraints” from this sentence in the plan","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-24-c2/c30","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/7d234a07c70f4e94","nativeRecordCid":"60dbff87-29c5-46c8-97b1-c7979a6ce4db","documentId":"open-science-source-24-c2","id":"c30","text":"AHRQ should remove the phrase \"due to copyright constraints\" from its plan.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"AHRQ","subject":"plan language on copyright constraints","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Copying and distributing works in accessible formats is not constrained by copyright law, and we recommend the agency remove “due to copyright constraints” from this sentence in the plan","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-24-c2/c31","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/d259d9f0292d4ed9","nativeRecordCid":"52da464e-9bd3-48b2-b9ed-d9a6b031cb9c","documentId":"open-science-source-24-c2","id":"c31","text":"Data underlying publications should be shared no later than the time of publication.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"","subject":"data underlying publications","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"We support the expectation that data underlying publications should be shared no later than the time of publication.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-24-c2/c32","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/1d4fe364c93d4e0f","nativeRecordCid":"500374a6-f43e-4cb2-a1b2-bc301f4bdfd1","documentId":"open-science-source-24-c2","id":"c32","text":"Data underlying publications should be made \"as open as possible\" and \"as closed as necessary\" to meet the accessibility goals of the FAIR Principles.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"","subject":"data underlying publications","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"we recommend AHRQ take the approach that data underlying publications should be made “as open as possible” and “as closed as necessary” to ensure the data meets the accessibility goals of the FAIR Principles outlined in the OSTP Memorandum.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-24-c2/c33","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/a4e13f246d4a4481","nativeRecordCid":"3a7dd0c6-8ac4-43b0-92b4-2db21e9e1f0d","documentId":"open-science-source-24-c2","id":"c33","text":"Sharing data via a personal website or mailing a disk hampers discoverability of that data.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"sharing data via website/disk","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"We are concerned that this approach to data sharing will hamper discoverability and long-term preservation of this data, and therefore encourage the agency to eliminate this as a compliance option.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-24-c2/c34","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/eeb5a69c45be4970","nativeRecordCid":"7b658415-327e-47f7-b5b2-830befdec385","documentId":"open-science-source-24-c2","id":"c34","text":"Sharing data via a personal website or mailing a disk hampers long-term preservation of that data.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"sharing data via website/disk","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"We are concerned that this approach to data sharing will hamper discoverability and long-term preservation of this data, and therefore encourage the agency to eliminate this as a compliance option.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-24-c2/c35","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/63aa58b6335e44fd","nativeRecordCid":"b9051c61-9f2c-4c03-81b6-8e0a4d4e874c","documentId":"open-science-source-24-c2","id":"c35","text":"AHRQ should eliminate sharing data via a personal website or mailing a disk to the agency as a compliance option.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"AHRQ","subject":"compliance options for data sharing","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"We are concerned that this approach to data sharing will hamper discoverability and long-term preservation of this data, and therefore encourage the agency to eliminate this as a compliance option.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-24-c2/c36","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/9a5ecfbd41994467","nativeRecordCid":"5a83152c-d5e2-42f1-8318-8969ae3c20a7","documentId":"open-science-source-24-c2","id":"c36","text":"A distributed network of capabilities, including repositories, ensures no single point of failure.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"distributed network of data capabilities","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"A distributed network of capabilities, including repositories, ensures no single point of failure and strengthens the data infrastructure of the research ecosystem so that it best serves the needs of researchers and the broader public.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-24-c2/c37","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/eb99d5dcbafa4b65","nativeRecordCid":"5371cd6c-8dbd-4b62-ab05-55387b8281aa","documentId":"open-science-source-24-c2","id":"c37","text":"A distributed network of capabilities, including repositories, strengthens the data infrastructure of the research ecosystem.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"distributed network of data capabilities","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"A distributed network of capabilities, including repositories, ensures no single point of failure and strengthens the data infrastructure of the research ecosystem so that it best serves the needs of researchers and the broader public.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-24-c2/c38","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/43e88ed2c6074348","nativeRecordCid":"92f26bbf-e330-4f74-bbb1-ee26fe7fc676","documentId":"open-science-source-24-c2","id":"c38","text":"Data management capabilities should be dictated by the AHRQ research community.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"AHRQ","subject":"data management capabilities governance","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"strongly encourage AHRQ to ensure these capabilities are dictated by the AHRQ research community and aligned with the characteristics in the National Science and Technology Council’s (NSTC) “Desirable Characteristics of Data Repositories for Federally Funded Research.”","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-24-c2/c39","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/630395a24df34b35","nativeRecordCid":"83c7a306-5647-4255-8fd3-966887c34c3d","documentId":"open-science-source-24-c2","id":"c39","text":"Data management capabilities should be aligned with the characteristics in the NSTC's \"Desirable Characteristics of Data Repositories for Federally Funded Research.\"","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"AHRQ","subject":"data management capabilities alignment with NSTC characteristics","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"strongly encourage AHRQ to ensure these capabilities are dictated by the AHRQ research community and aligned with the characteristics in the National Science and Technology Council’s (NSTC) “Desirable Characteristics of Data Repositories for Federally Funded Research.”","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-24-c2/c40","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/ecbbfa5c6a0a4514","nativeRecordCid":"71cc6a6c-b253-48d3-80e6-5684935cea09","documentId":"open-science-source-24-c2","id":"c40","text":"A sustainable network of repositories is important for other research outputs including articles, gray literature, and emerging forms of scholarship.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"sustainable network of repositories","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"A sustainable network of repositories is equally important for other research outputs including articles, gray literature, and emerging forms of scholarship.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-24-c2/c41","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/7547bc4c939e4525","nativeRecordCid":"096fe9e0-2014-423a-9e19-4c5baf0c0b4f","documentId":"open-science-source-24-c2","id":"c41","text":"AHRQ should consider collaborations with repositories at academic and research libraries.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"AHRQ","subject":"collaboration with academic/research libraries","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"We encourage the agency to consider collaborations with repositories at academic and research libraries.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-24-c2/c42","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/34721dd33aef48df","nativeRecordCid":"ecb749b9-5e1a-415a-85a6-70a4ec19dfdd","documentId":"open-science-source-24-c2","id":"c42","text":"USRN is working to promote a strategic vision for U.S. repositories built on collaboration.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"USRN's strategic vision","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"We note that the U.S. Repositories Network (USRN) is working to promote a strategic vision for U.S. repositories built on collaboration, discoverability, interoperability, and preservation, and encourage AHRQ to consider collaboration with USRN and other academic and research community-led networks.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-24-c2/c43","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/d63b98eb153941de","nativeRecordCid":"7155f99f-4034-4708-9af0-8f64b5318f76","documentId":"open-science-source-24-c2","id":"c43","text":"USRN is working to promote a strategic vision for U.S. repositories built on discoverability.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"USRN's strategic vision","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"We note that the U.S. Repositories Network (USRN) is working to promote a strategic vision for U.S. repositories built on collaboration, discoverability, interoperability, and preservation, and encourage AHRQ to consider collaboration with USRN and other academic and research community-led networks.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-24-c2/c44","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/9c2003adc5144a62","nativeRecordCid":"46819c1f-9e3c-488f-9c37-7fe5af323d6a","documentId":"open-science-source-24-c2","id":"c44","text":"USRN is working to promote a strategic vision for U.S. repositories built on interoperability.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"USRN's strategic vision","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"We note that the U.S. Repositories Network (USRN) is working to promote a strategic vision for U.S. repositories built on collaboration, discoverability, interoperability, and preservation, and encourage AHRQ to consider collaboration with USRN and other academic and research community-led networks.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-24-c2/c45","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/9fe5ad2094b44a93","nativeRecordCid":"f35bf975-3f7c-434a-91d3-86296382b40c","documentId":"open-science-source-24-c2","id":"c45","text":"USRN is working to promote a strategic vision for U.S. repositories built on preservation.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"USRN's strategic vision","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"We note that the U.S. Repositories Network (USRN) is working to promote a strategic vision for U.S. repositories built on collaboration, discoverability, interoperability, and preservation, and encourage AHRQ to consider collaboration with USRN and other academic and research community-led networks.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-24-c2/c46","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/0806652cd7ce4530","nativeRecordCid":"541357e8-b3dd-4f50-8c76-f60979583e72","documentId":"open-science-source-24-c2","id":"c46","text":"AHRQ should consider collaboration with USRN and other academic and research community-led networks.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"AHRQ","subject":"collaboration with USRN","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"We note that the U.S. Repositories Network (USRN) is working to promote a strategic vision for U.S. repositories built on collaboration, discoverability, interoperability, and preservation, and encourage AHRQ to consider collaboration with USRN and other academic and research community-led networks.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-24-c2/c47","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/0599bba6de794c7a","nativeRecordCid":"ac280a55-05a4-4de7-a4ed-8558d345ed58","documentId":"open-science-source-24-c2","id":"c47","text":"Community-controlled data infrastructure, as opposed to systems controlled by commercial entities, is key to ensuring data is fully accessible to the public.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"community-controlled data infrastructure","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"We note again that community-controlled data infrastructure versus systems controlled by commercial entities are key to ensuring data is fully accessible to the public and managed in the most cost-effective manner for the researcher and the agency.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-24-c2/c48","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/9c41a37ecbb245e4","nativeRecordCid":"f4d98ec8-7c1b-4026-8600-ff3ef36aee9f","documentId":"open-science-source-24-c2","id":"c48","text":"Community-controlled data infrastructure, as opposed to systems controlled by commercial entities, is key to data being managed in the most cost-effective manner for the researcher and the agency.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"community-controlled data infrastructure","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"We note again that community-controlled data infrastructure versus systems controlled by commercial entities are key to ensuring data is fully accessible to the public and managed in the most cost-effective manner for the researcher and the agency.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-24-c2/c49","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/a87498417d8b4060","nativeRecordCid":"9f9d89d4-ce43-430a-b9ac-20d168cbd3e3","documentId":"open-science-source-24-c2","id":"c49","text":"AHRQ-funded research may involve data with restrictions to protect privacy, national security, or other reasons.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"AHRQ-funded research data restrictions","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"We recognize that AHRQ-funded research may involve data with restrictions to protect privacy, national security, or for other reasons.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-24-c2/c50","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/5146f64a0ac34a66","nativeRecordCid":"c898e559-82d5-4a64-9e89-60765ddceddd","documentId":"open-science-source-24-c2","id":"c50","text":"AHRQ should clarify that data is exempt from the repository submission requirement only if the prohibition on sharing is imposed by a third party, not a researcher.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"AHRQ","subject":"data exemption clarification","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The agency should clarify that data is exempt if the prohibition is imposed by a third party, not a researcher.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-24-c2/c51","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/540477ccb2d34d40","nativeRecordCid":"2664d1da-86e6-4496-a892-25711d0eb6db","documentId":"open-science-source-24-c2","id":"c51","text":"A researcher should not be able to impose a license on their own data that prohibits its sharing and thereby be exempt from the Public Access Policy.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"researchers","subject":"self-imposed data-sharing prohibitions","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"In other words, the researcher should not be able to impose a license on their data that prohibits its sharing and be exempt from the Public Access Policy.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-24-c2/c52","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/3a5500499e18465c","nativeRecordCid":"7cc2655f-1102-4e96-bd53-b6ec859f8dd1","documentId":"open-science-source-24-c2","id":"c52","text":"Code and software associated with research data should be openly shared.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"grantees/researchers","subject":"code and software sharing","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Requiring that code and software associated with research data be openly shared would strengthen the agency’s plan.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-24-c2/c53","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/6e39ff2158904667","nativeRecordCid":"4c460422-f193-4a88-ae37-d7b604e14104","documentId":"open-science-source-24-c2","id":"c53","text":"Software, code, and other outputs such as interview protocols, measures, and manuals provide users with the necessary tools to analyze the data.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"software, code, and other research outputs","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Software, code, and other outputs such as interview protocols, measures, and manuals provide users with the necessary tools to analyze the data, increasing its value to the community and aligning with the FAIR Principles to ensure data is findable, accessible, interoperable, and reusable.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-24-c2/c54","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/b951804c6b144fab","nativeRecordCid":"756e6e3f-ce8e-447a-a1e3-090e6bf756bb","documentId":"open-science-source-24-c2","id":"c54","text":"Software, code, and other outputs increase the value of data to the community.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"software, code, and other research outputs","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Software, code, and other outputs such as interview protocols, measures, and manuals provide users with the necessary tools to analyze the data, increasing its value to the community and aligning with the FAIR Principles to ensure data is findable, accessible, interoperable, and reusable.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-24-c2/c55","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/7506e0253b5749fa","nativeRecordCid":"ce4c1f05-7a68-4092-b069-7b157e5f1507","documentId":"open-science-source-24-c2","id":"c55","text":"Software, code, and other outputs align with the FAIR Principles by ensuring data is findable, accessible, interoperable, and reusable.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"software, code, and other research outputs","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Software, code, and other outputs such as interview protocols, measures, and manuals provide users with the necessary tools to analyze the data, increasing its value to the community and aligning with the FAIR Principles to ensure data is findable, accessible, interoperable, and reusable.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-24-c2/c56","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/cd1c0ec9d70a4cbb","nativeRecordCid":"c3e6face-fcd6-458d-a0e1-e5354d3bb547","documentId":"open-science-source-24-c2","id":"c56","text":"Researchers should make software and code available under open licenses that allow for free access, modification, and reuse.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"researchers","subject":"software and code licensing","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The agency should also require researchers to make the software and code available under open licenses that allows for free access, modification, and reuse.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-24-c2/c57","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/5d1e816daaff4374","nativeRecordCid":"e4477f85-10db-43f9-ad9a-6d8ff5890409","documentId":"open-science-source-24-c2","id":"c57","text":"The Open Source Initiative maintains a number of approved licenses that meet the terms of allowing free access, modification, and reuse.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"Open Source Initiative","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"We recommend the agency consult the Open Source Initiative which has a number of “approved licenses” that meet these terms.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-24-c2/c58","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/86ca8811b1b04eb0","nativeRecordCid":"988d4d05-d3eb-489a-9e5c-3b001a7aae2b","documentId":"open-science-source-24-c2","id":"c58","text":"Metadata standards in data management plans are important to facilitate interoperability.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"metadata standards in data management plans","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The agency’s inclusion of metadata standards when describing what should be in a data management plan is particularly important to facilitate interoperability and alignment with the FAIR Data Principles.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-24-c2/c59","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/e2f1cf8571b04986","nativeRecordCid":"7116103e-884d-4217-b930-d50e48156c0c","documentId":"open-science-source-24-c2","id":"c59","text":"Metadata standards in data management plans are important to facilitate alignment with the FAIR Data Principles.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"metadata standards in data management plans","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The agency’s inclusion of metadata standards when describing what should be in a data management plan is particularly important to facilitate interoperability and alignment with the FAIR Data Principles.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-24-c2/c60","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/00934f0d90be4962","nativeRecordCid":"ca7593b4-0d8c-4404-9a64-9553053ceeb7","documentId":"open-science-source-24-c2","id":"c60","text":"The minimum metadata schema already in use by the Federal Government is a helpful starting point to strengthen standards across the federal research agencies.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"federal government minimum metadata schema","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The minimum metadata schema already in use by the Federal Government is a helpful starting point to strengthen standards across the federal research agencies.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-24-c2/c61","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/26874aec5be44e63","nativeRecordCid":"3745a8f4-d10f-4b3e-b4c7-699989856e93","documentId":"open-science-source-24-c2","id":"c61","text":"Sharing metadata about who conducted research, where it was done, and with what resources can improve scientific integrity in government-funded science.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"sharing research metadata","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Sharing metadata about who conducted the research, where it was done, and with what resources can improve scientific integrity and trust in government-funded science.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-24-c2/c62","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/0d22cb79e8a44528","nativeRecordCid":"79502d74-aab3-4cdf-8509-d2ee2af3e253","documentId":"open-science-source-24-c2","id":"c62","text":"Sharing metadata about who conducted research, where it was done, and with what resources can improve trust in government-funded science.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"sharing research metadata","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Sharing metadata about who conducted the research, where it was done, and with what resources can improve scientific integrity and trust in government-funded science.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-24-c2/c63","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/460ccff0e9ff44bb","nativeRecordCid":"08f7561a-8148-4b7e-905d-b96a50f88a03","documentId":"open-science-source-24-c2","id":"c63","text":"AHRQ and other federal agencies should identify and adopt de facto community standards where they exist.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"AHRQ and other federal agencies","subject":"de facto community standards","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"We encourage AHRQ (and other federal agencies) to identify and adopt de facto community standards where they exist.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-24-c2/c64","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/66bfa4f4afb74674","nativeRecordCid":"fe139024-b1fd-406d-8b0c-5c0f36be6f15","documentId":"open-science-source-24-c2","id":"c64","text":"AHRQ should leverage the Research Organization Registry (ROR) to identify research entities.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"AHRQ","subject":"Research Organization Registry (ROR)","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"For example, to identify research entities, we recommend that AHRQ leverage the Research Organization Registry (ROR), a registry of more than 100,000 organizations, and require ROR IDs for grantees.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-24-c2/c65","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/48bb69e0496b4b42","nativeRecordCid":"a269c8af-2c90-48df-afbf-309a5cda1682","documentId":"open-science-source-24-c2","id":"c65","text":"AHRQ should require ROR IDs for grantees.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"AHRQ","subject":"ROR IDs for grantees","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"For example, to identify research entities, we recommend that AHRQ leverage the Research Organization Registry (ROR), a registry of more than 100,000 organizations, and require ROR IDs for grantees.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-24-c2/c66","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/c4626b67faca443d","nativeRecordCid":"bbcce1c9-355a-47a0-a326-e2f50725a943","documentId":"open-science-source-24-c2","id":"c66","text":"AHRQ should adopt digital object identifiers (DOIs) for publications.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"AHRQ","subject":"DOIs for publications","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"We also recommend the agency adopt digital object identifiers (DOIs) for publications, data sets, and data management plans, and ORCIDs for researchers—each of which is a nonproprietary community standard for its identifier type.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-24-c2/c67","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/7fa2709f717d42b3","nativeRecordCid":"59caf8aa-17e9-46e6-8b95-f8a7f946eb8b","documentId":"open-science-source-24-c2","id":"c67","text":"AHRQ should adopt DOIs for data sets.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"AHRQ","subject":"DOIs for data sets","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"We also recommend the agency adopt digital object identifiers (DOIs) for publications, data sets, and data management plans, and ORCIDs for researchers—each of which is a nonproprietary community standard for its identifier type.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-24-c2/c68","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/fc12fb8a01424fb8","nativeRecordCid":"a073db77-b91c-41d5-9a8f-0343a637bad5","documentId":"open-science-source-24-c2","id":"c68","text":"AHRQ should adopt DOIs for data management plans.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"AHRQ","subject":"DOIs for data management plans","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"We also recommend the agency adopt digital object identifiers (DOIs) for publications, data sets, and data management plans, and ORCIDs for researchers—each of which is a nonproprietary community standard for its identifier type.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-24-c2/c69","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/fdc9d7854bbe4c95","nativeRecordCid":"03db6e07-5d31-4f28-ba9a-eef44292cf9e","documentId":"open-science-source-24-c2","id":"c69","text":"AHRQ should adopt ORCIDs for researchers.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"AHRQ","subject":"ORCIDs for researchers","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"We also recommend the agency adopt digital object identifiers (DOIs) for publications, data sets, and data management plans, and ORCIDs for researchers—each of which is a nonproprietary community standard for its identifier type.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-24-c2/c70","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/6b1a97254d424aca","nativeRecordCid":"485a1e7f-4c6b-468b-9abf-8c9794bd77d7","documentId":"open-science-source-24-c2","id":"c70","text":"DOIs and ORCIDs are each a nonproprietary community standard for their respective identifier type.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"DOIs and ORCIDs","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"We also recommend the agency adopt digital object identifiers (DOIs) for publications, data sets, and data management plans, and ORCIDs for researchers—each of which is a nonproprietary community standard for its identifier type.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-24-c2/c71","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/a5dcc307b31c4073","nativeRecordCid":"9fbc719b-9f19-4771-bb26-cfa0e4016f90","documentId":"open-science-source-24-c2","id":"c71","text":"Incentivizing compliance is an important component of AHRQ's plan.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"incentivizing compliance","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Incentivizing compliance will be an important component of AHRQ’s plan.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-24-c2/c72","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/31c76ed526c84d60","nativeRecordCid":"1ba8fc33-2cbd-4a53-a1a5-c010e8bb48d4","documentId":"open-science-source-24-c2","id":"c72","text":"Adding a section describing progress to-date on research output sharing sends researchers and grantees a clear message that public access compliance is an up-front expectation, not an afterthought.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"progress-to-date section in applications","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"This sends a clear message to researchers and grantees that public access compliance is an up-front expectation, not an afterthought.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-24-c2/c73","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/318860fb058c4345","nativeRecordCid":"cf82c485-61db-4700-bd12-2a74034154f5","documentId":"open-science-source-24-c2","id":"c73","text":"Requirements to provide updates in progress reports on research sharing introduce natural discussion points for program officers and investigators to evaluate compliance methods, especially for data management and sharing.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"progress report update requirements","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Requirements to provide updates in progress reports on research sharing also introduces natural discussion points for program officers and investigators to evaluate compliance methods, especially for data management and sharing.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-24-c2/c74","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/01c3473446944738","nativeRecordCid":"546cd090-7209-42ff-a01d-d8a90842bf34","documentId":"open-science-source-24-c2","id":"c74","text":"Program officers should discuss plans for publication with the researcher ahead of grant closeout to ensure the full set of compliance options are well understood by the researcher.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"program officers","subject":"discussing publication plans with researchers","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"We also recommend that program officers discuss plans for publication with the researcher ahead of grant closeout to ensure the full set of compliance options, especially those that are no or low-cost, are well understood by the researcher.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-24-c2/c75","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/0384407b046a47c6","nativeRecordCid":"e48f6a72-38d8-4124-b6a4-5c107860fc11","documentId":"open-science-source-24-c2","id":"c75","text":"Educating researchers about affordable compliance options can improve equity by removing financial barriers to publishing.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"educating researchers about compliance options","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Educating researchers about affordable compliance options can improve equity by removing financial barriers to publishing.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-24-c2/c76","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/a3a0556f60c947ac","nativeRecordCid":"53733f81-2232-4bd9-bd3c-0b0bcce9ae4a","documentId":"open-science-source-24-c2","id":"c76","text":"AHRQ should include specific metrics related to equity that are clearly defined and evidence-based when evaluating the impact of its Public Access Policy.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"AHRQ","subject":"equity metrics","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"As AHRQ works to evaluate the impact of its Public Access Policy, it should include specific metrics related to equity that are clearly defined and evidence-based.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-24-c2/c77","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/0b347dc3a0e34021","nativeRecordCid":"c7347fb2-d039-4b16-8e6a-e6259de5fb48","documentId":"open-science-source-24-c2","id":"c77","text":"AHRQ should evaluate any disparate impacts of policy implementation on underrepresented groups, including early career researchers and researchers at minority serving institutions.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"AHRQ","subject":"evaluating disparate impacts","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Specifically, it should evaluate any disparate impacts of policy implementation on underrepresented groups including early career researchers and researchers at minority serving institutions.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-24-c2/c78","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/ba08282204f146eb","nativeRecordCid":"09cd1127-74a2-4c54-956d-9550e33c2e8c","documentId":"open-science-source-24-c2","id":"c78","text":"AHRQ should coordinate the evaluation of its Public Access Plan with the work of the NSTC Subcommittee on Equitable Data, the HHS Equity Action Plan, and broader White House recommendations.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"AHRQ","subject":"coordinating evaluation with equity initiatives","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"We recommend AHRQ coordinate the evaluation of its Public Access Plan with the work of the NSTC Subcommittee on Equitable Data, the HHS Equity Action Plan, and broader White House recommendations to determine appropriate measures and build evaluation capacity at the agency.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-24-c2/c79","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/6a04f194a4e74b00","nativeRecordCid":"e88b78a4-15bb-4267-adfd-c6e2437cbf27","documentId":"open-science-source-24-c2","id":"c79","text":"Under longstanding policy, agencies already receive a license to any copyrighted work created with federal funds that authorizes the agency to make broad use of the work for federal purposes and to authorize others to do so.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"federal purpose license","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Under longstanding policy, agencies already receive a license to any copyrighted work created with federal funds that authorizes the agency to make broad use of the work for federal purposes and to authorize others to do so.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-24-c2/c80","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/100dab68acc4405f","nativeRecordCid":"e84a9ff6-537a-4ece-b203-704c0b2af6ce","documentId":"open-science-source-24-c2","id":"c80","text":"The federal purpose license likely already provides agencies with sufficient authority to require that publicly accessible copies of scholarly publications are provided to the public with reuse rights.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"federal purpose license authority","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"This language likely already provides agencies with sufficient authority to require that publicly accessible copies of scholarly publications are provided to the public with reuse rights.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-24-c2/c81","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/852b6eced8444c2b","nativeRecordCid":"dd29f839-a69a-462f-95bb-c5fd95c8297c","documentId":"open-science-source-24-c2","id":"c81","text":"As part of the grant agreement, the grantee should provide the agency with an additional copyright license analogous to the longstanding federal purpose license, as the most straightforward means of providing public access.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"grantee","subject":"additional copyright license grant","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"To avoid any doubt on this issue, the policy language below recommends that the most straightforward means by which a grantee can provide public access is to require that as part of the grant agreement, the grantee provides the agency with an additional copyright license that is analogous to the longstanding federal purpose license.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-24-c2/c82","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/359d82643ab949d2","nativeRecordCid":"92110117-1607-4c84-bee8-82057ea8b2dd","documentId":"open-science-source-24-c2","id":"c82","text":"The scope of the additional license directly correlates to the agency's public access obligation under the 2022 OSTP Memorandum.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"scope of additional license","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The scope of this additional license directly correlates to the agency’s public access obligation under the 2022 OSTP Memorandum.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-24-c2/c83","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/52672df21bc9426a","nativeRecordCid":"db3f82d5-107d-4819-a5f7-bd70344240e1","documentId":"open-science-source-24-c2","id":"c83","text":"Information about the additional license must be communicated to the public with any copy of the scholarly publication made publicly accessible to comply with the agency's public access policy.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"","subject":"communicating license information","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Finally, it is important that information about this license is communicated to the public with any copy of the scholarly publication that is made publicly accessible to comply with the agency’s public access policy.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-24-c2/c84","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/2ded5b4b61d84c53","nativeRecordCid":"7d7b42e3-f20f-47be-87f8-f1482a076668","documentId":"open-science-source-24-c2","id":"c84","text":"A required template should be attached to copies of scholarly publications deposited in agency-designated repositories or otherwise distributed in compliance with the agency's public access policy.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"","subject":"required template","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The most straightforward method to achieve this is to create a required template that is attached to copies of scholarly publications that are deposited in agency-designated repositories or otherwise in compliance with the agency’s public access policy.","representedInStars":true}
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{"key":"open-science-source-24-c2/c86","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/3bf3b990e1b4429b","nativeRecordCid":"fd9762ec-1723-4352-b1a0-84cfc4cb0da8","documentId":"open-science-source-24-c2","id":"c86","text":"The template's contents may include the funding agreement number.","kind":"normative","modality":"may","actor":"","subject":"template contents","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The contents of this template can include information about the copyright license along with other useful information, such as the funding agreement number, perhaps the author’s ORCID ID and any other information that the agency may want to require.","representedInStars":true}
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{"key":"open-science-source-24-c2/c108","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/88605444f33645ec","nativeRecordCid":"41805f08-3910-4b29-9518-d4c3de114e33","documentId":"open-science-source-24-c2","id":"c108","text":"University policy typically accomplishes compliance by stating that the university will retain whatever slice of rights is necessary to comply with grant or contract obligations.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"university policy mechanisms","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"This is typically accomplished by university policy ensuring that either the university owns all rights in works created under a grant,[1] or by stating that the university will retain whatever slice of rights is necessary to comply with grant or contract obligations.[2]","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-24-c2/c109","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/f2cb97303f8a48cd","nativeRecordCid":"f75fbb97-c63b-4112-8180-a3b3d183c599","documentId":"open-science-source-24-c2","id":"c109","text":"Universities must retain sufficient rights so they hold the requisite rights to apply the CC BY 4.0 license or its functional equivalent.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"universities","subject":"retaining sufficient rights","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Retaining those rights is necessary so the university holds the requisite rights to apply the CC BY 4.0 license of functional equivalent.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-24-c2/c110","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/982ff760e41146f1","nativeRecordCid":"dad84fd1-8720-47d3-883f-9272482c35b4","documentId":"open-science-source-24-c2","id":"c110","text":"Universities with policies holding individual creators as initial owners of rights should ensure that PIs and other creators under grants affirm their compliance and agreement with applicable IP policies.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"universities","subject":"PI compliance affirmation","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"It is important, particularly for universities with policies that hold that individual creators are the initial owners of rights, to ensure that PIs and other creators under the grants affirm their compliance and agreement with the applicable IP policies.[3]","representedInStars":false}
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{"key":"open-science-source-24-c3/c4","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/4a9b6a53606b404c","nativeRecordCid":"24b3ced2-2d3a-46b8-a169-e5e8122f4f90","documentId":"open-science-source-24-c3","id":"c4","text":"Everyone should be able to benefit from the knowledge that shapes our world.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"everyone","subject":"benefiting from knowledge","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"We believe that sharing knowledge is a human right, and that everyone should be able to access, contribute to, and benefit from the knowledge that shapes our world.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-24-c3/c5","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/ce70db2fa12540a9","nativeRecordCid":"152272c3-4383-4257-ae4c-bb963c902d76","documentId":"open-science-source-24-c3","id":"c5","text":"NIST's updated Public Access Plan is an important step in implementing the provisions of the 2022 OSTP Memorandum in pursuit of NIST's mission to promote U.S. innovation and industrial competitiveness.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"NIST's updated plan","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"NIST’s updated plan is an important step in implementing the provisions of the 2022 OSTP Memorandum in pursuit of its mission to promote U.S. innovation and industrial competitiveness.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-24-c3/c6","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/48cbdcf6af454f9f","nativeRecordCid":"cef098c2-6e63-4d17-adaa-18f988047404","documentId":"open-science-source-24-c3","id":"c6","text":"NIST should provide authors with compliance options that do not present financial barriers.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"NIST","subject":"author compliance options","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"To ensure equity in publication opportunities, NIST should provide authors with compliance options that do not present financial barriers.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-24-c3/c7","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/d9d8f43b25fe46a8","nativeRecordCid":"167ef0cc-2cf3-44fd-84fb-70ceb7945d3f","documentId":"open-science-source-24-c3","id":"c7","text":"NIST's plan and associated policies and guidance should clearly state that authors can fully comply with its public access policy at no cost by depositing their author's accepted manuscripts into PMC or any other agency-approved repository.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"NIST","subject":"no-cost compliance statement","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"To this end, NIST’s plan and associated policies and guidance should clearly state that authors can fully comply with its public access policy at no cost by depositing their author’s accepted manuscripts into PubMed Central (PMC) or any other agency-approved repository.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-24-c3/c8","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/0ef8e6cdd1014b8b","nativeRecordCid":"2727a342-8a47-45a8-8c37-173c5d4c46e1","documentId":"open-science-source-24-c3","id":"c8","text":"NIST should clarify that any fee that authors may be asked to pay is a publication fee, and not a fee required by NIST for compliance.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"NIST","subject":"publication fee clarification","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Further, NIST should clarify that any fee that authors may be asked to pay is a publication fee, and not a fee required by NIST for compliance.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-24-c3/c9","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/3525ccccc07a42e8","nativeRecordCid":"f026d159-017d-410b-b673-52cc4b6ee3e3","documentId":"open-science-source-24-c3","id":"c9","text":"Authors must not conflate compliance with article processing charges (APCs).","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"authors","subject":"compliance vs. APCs","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"It is critical that authors do not conflate compliance with article processing charges (APCs), which create significant barriers for less-well-resourced authors and institutions to make their research available.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-24-c3/c10","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/baed5af357e6430d","nativeRecordCid":"b4a6ca9b-a5d1-4e13-9a40-710cd74f95ef","documentId":"open-science-source-24-c3","id":"c10","text":"APCs create significant barriers for less-well-resourced authors and institutions to make their research available.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"APCs and barriers","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"It is critical that authors do not conflate compliance with article processing charges (APCs), which create significant barriers for less-well-resourced authors and institutions to make their research available.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-24-c3/c11","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/0b9462ab69654b10","nativeRecordCid":"36f96293-9ef1-4815-88f0-8a6d406be15e","documentId":"open-science-source-24-c3","id":"c11","text":"NIST should highlight the diversity of publication models available to authors who may face financial barriers in paying for APCs, including Subscribe to Open (S2O) and Diamond Open Access.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"NIST","subject":"publication model diversity","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"NIST should highlight the diversity of publication models available to authors who may face financial barriers in paying for APCs—including Subscribe to Open (S2O) and Diamond Open Access.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-24-c3/c12","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/fca19b9238084038","nativeRecordCid":"ca3094fa-f0d8-42ed-992e-797eb0dfd87d","documentId":"open-science-source-24-c3","id":"c12","text":"Institutional repositories run by libraries and other research institutions generally do not charge authors to deposit articles or manuscripts.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"institutional repository fees","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Additionally, institutional repositories run by libraries and other research institutions generally do not charge authors to deposit articles or manuscripts, and can play an important role in easing compliance burdens on authors, improving discoverability of research outputs, and providing long-term preservation support.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-24-c3/c13","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/f2fce3fd399b4345","nativeRecordCid":"a0b86009-411c-49b4-91f5-ee9889a56608","documentId":"open-science-source-24-c3","id":"c13","text":"Institutional repositories can play an important role in easing compliance burdens on authors.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"institutional repositories' role","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Additionally, institutional repositories run by libraries and other research institutions generally do not charge authors to deposit articles or manuscripts, and can play an important role in easing compliance burdens on authors, improving discoverability of research outputs, and providing long-term preservation support.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-24-c3/c14","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/d831e38a273845dd","nativeRecordCid":"0add9127-a87b-43b9-ab04-17ac29a2af63","documentId":"open-science-source-24-c3","id":"c14","text":"Institutional repositories can play an important role in improving discoverability of research outputs.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"institutional repositories' role","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Additionally, institutional repositories run by libraries and other research institutions generally do not charge authors to deposit articles or manuscripts, and can play an important role in easing compliance burdens on authors, improving discoverability of research outputs, and providing long-term preservation support.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-24-c3/c15","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/c700961333ed4e89","nativeRecordCid":"b66865b9-c66f-48c7-8e57-e7d226479c95","documentId":"open-science-source-24-c3","id":"c15","text":"Institutional repositories can play an important role in providing long-term preservation support.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"institutional repositories' role","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Additionally, institutional repositories run by libraries and other research institutions generally do not charge authors to deposit articles or manuscripts, and can play an important role in easing compliance burdens on authors, improving discoverability of research outputs, and providing long-term preservation support.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-24-c3/c16","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/2e0a88ce17df46e0","nativeRecordCid":"12ea17a1-2d22-4074-9cba-5d2c5787cd25","documentId":"open-science-source-24-c3","id":"c16","text":"NIST should allow for the deposit of publications into other repositories beyond PMC.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"NIST","subject":"deposit into other repositories","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Therefore, we strongly recommend that NIST allow for the deposit of publications into other repositories beyond PMC, and suggest that NIST utilize the guidance set out in the U.S. Repository Network's Desirable Characteristics of Digital Publications Repositories.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-24-c3/c17","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/3091a8703942496b","nativeRecordCid":"05372d2d-4a74-4852-ac30-617fb379702c","documentId":"open-science-source-24-c3","id":"c17","text":"NIST should utilize the guidance set out in the U.S. Repository Network's Desirable Characteristics of Digital Publications Repositories.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"NIST","subject":"repository guidance","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Therefore, we strongly recommend that NIST allow for the deposit of publications into other repositories beyond PMC, and suggest that NIST utilize the guidance set out in the U.S. Repository Network's Desirable Characteristics of Digital Publications Repositories.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-24-c3/c18","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/2d0aed380df34174","nativeRecordCid":"0b79bd19-c65b-4b84-ac8f-9e867ab034a6","documentId":"open-science-source-24-c3","id":"c18","text":"NIST should coordinate the implementation of its public access plan with the NSTC Subcommittee on Equitable Data and the Department of Commerce's Equity Action Plan.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"NIST","subject":"coordination of plan implementation","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"and we recommend NIST coordinate the implementation of its public access plan with the NSTC Subcommittee and the Department of Commerce’s Equity Action Plan.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-24-c3/c19","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/56c769fd080f49ca","nativeRecordCid":"771a70cc-17e3-4a65-8803-95e5f13c9aca","documentId":"open-science-source-24-c3","id":"c19","text":"NIST should engage with the Higher Education Leadership Initiative for Open Scholarship (HELIOS) to align the agency's grant review process with efforts to recognize more equitable research sharing activities.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"NIST","subject":"engagement with HELIOS","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"encourage NIST to engage with the Higher Education Leadership Initiative for Open Scholarship (HELIOS) to align the agency’s grant review process with efforts to recognize more equitable research sharing activities.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-24-c3/c20","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/769ccecbfb04406a","nativeRecordCid":"cdc5d6b0-6c3f-44ed-8cd7-ec678d619468","documentId":"open-science-source-24-c3","id":"c20","text":"NIST should require that all publications resulting from its funded research carry full reuse rights, such as those provided by a CC BY 4.0 International License or its functional equivalent.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"NIST","subject":"publication reuse rights","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"we recommend that NIST require that all publications resulting from its funded research carry full reuse rights, such as those provided by a CC BY 4.0 International License or its functional equivalent.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-24-c3/c21","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/dd16666978254547","nativeRecordCid":"821b0610-b847-4c4f-8192-17d015ed312c","documentId":"open-science-source-24-c3","id":"c21","text":"NIST should also require that its publications are made publicly available in standardized, machine-readable formats.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"NIST","subject":"machine-readable publication formats","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"NIST should also require that its publications are made publicly available in standardized, machine-readable formats.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-24-c3/c22","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/91acea93f4974120","nativeRecordCid":"034de606-ea9d-48ac-86c5-195f80f8ea6a","documentId":"open-science-source-24-c3","id":"c22","text":"NIST should require grantees, as a term and condition of funding agreements, to ensure that the agency receives a license to agency publications sufficient for NIST to grant the public re-use rights.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"NIST","subject":"grantee license requirement","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"To be certain that all agency publications carry sufficient re-use rights, we suggest that NIST require grantees, as a term and condition of funding agreements, to ensure that the agency receives a license to agency publications sufficient for NIST to grant the public re-use rights.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-24-c3/c23","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/04bbb93c136647ba","nativeRecordCid":"0eb4f656-82d8-47e0-9797-7e2c8db178b7","documentId":"open-science-source-24-c3","id":"c23","text":"Requiring grantees to ensure the agency receives a sufficient license as a term and condition of funding is the most straightforward approach that minimizes complexity and burden in compliance by grantee institutions and authors.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"license requirement approach","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"This is the most straightforward approach that minimizes complexity and burden in compliance by grantee institutions and authors.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-24-c3/c24","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/89d624c773a44acc","nativeRecordCid":"627a43de-d1eb-4e3c-9987-c9cd85d4093b","documentId":"open-science-source-24-c3","id":"c24","text":"NIST may rely on its existing federal purpose license under 2 C.F.R. § 200.315(b) to grant public re-use rights to agency publications.","kind":"normative","modality":"may","actor":"NIST","subject":"federal purpose license reliance","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"To do this, the agency could rely on its existing federal purpose license under 2 C.F.R. § 200.315(b) or it could require grantees to ensure that NIST receives an analogous additional license that specifically provides the right to grant the public re-use rights to agency publications covered by the Public Access Policy.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-24-c3/c25","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/02422593e047457e","nativeRecordCid":"9e355612-ba34-431e-ab93-6f0787626468","documentId":"open-science-source-24-c3","id":"c25","text":"NIST may require grantees to ensure that NIST receives an analogous additional license that specifically provides the right to grant the public re-use rights to agency publications covered by the Public Access Policy.","kind":"normative","modality":"may","actor":"NIST","subject":"analogous additional license","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"To do this, the agency could rely on its existing federal purpose license under 2 C.F.R. § 200.315(b) or it could require grantees to ensure that NIST receives an analogous additional license that specifically provides the right to grant the public re-use rights to agency publications covered by the Public Access Policy.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-24-c3/c26","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/f06c23f2e5654281","nativeRecordCid":"61c635a9-0714-497a-a195-36ba9ae22bd4","documentId":"open-science-source-24-c3","id":"c26","text":"Requiring that the additional license be granted as a term and condition of funding ensures that the agency receives its additional license at the moment the scholarly publication is created, which is how the longstanding federal purpose license operates.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"timing of additional license","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Requiring that this additional license be granted as a term and condition of funding ensures that the agency receives its additional license at the moment the scholarly publication is created, which is how the longstanding federal purpose license operates.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-24-c3/c27","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/a4428094a2bd4268","nativeRecordCid":"7f23a86e-f76d-4fb0-aab6-ee47d6ce480c","documentId":"open-science-source-24-c3","id":"c27","text":"Even if an author from the grantee's institution signs a publication agreement that conflicts with the agency's license, the agency's license remains intact.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"agency license durability","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"In this way, even if an author from the grantee’s institution signs a publication agreement that conflicts with the agency’s license, the agency’s license remains intact, as is the case with the agency’s federal purpose license.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-24-c3/c28","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/59c484a40f2b477c","nativeRecordCid":"58707425-6d2f-4443-a5b7-ee6a04c73fa1","documentId":"open-science-source-24-c3","id":"c28","text":"NIST should develop template language that can be attached to or included with the publication, either by the author or PMC staff, to indicate the publication is available under an open license.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"NIST","subject":"open-license template language","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"We also recommend the agency develop template language that can be attached to or included with the publication, either by the author or PMC staff, to indicate the publication is available under an open license.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-24-c3/c29","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/60163f97c0f84225","nativeRecordCid":"bc3a2797-f75b-48f9-b96f-0819b72bd79b","documentId":"open-science-source-24-c3","id":"c29","text":"Immediate availability of funded articles must not be contingent on publisher policies.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"","subject":"immediate availability vs. publisher policy","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"In order to meet the updated OSTP policy guidance, immediate availability of funded articles cannot be contingent on publisher policies.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-24-c3/c30","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/e09df97bab344d51","nativeRecordCid":"53b83bdc-0905-4efa-b6b2-9ad1cb5563de","documentId":"open-science-source-24-c3","id":"c30","text":"NIST has the authority to make its own research immediately available under 2 CFR §200.315(b) regardless of any stated conflict by a publisher or other party.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"NIST's authority to publish","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"As discussed above, NIST has the authority to make its own research immediately available under 2 CFR §200.315(b) regardless of any stated conflict by a publisher or other party.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-24-c3/c31","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/5259cb5c5bb84188","nativeRecordCid":"a91045a8-35be-4abc-87d7-6bcc65046e57","documentId":"open-science-source-24-c3","id":"c31","text":"NIST should remove the language stating 'if law allows and no later than 12 months following publication if publisher policies permit.'","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"NIST","subject":"removal of embargo language","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"To avoid confusion by grantees and authors, NIST should remove the language stating “if law allows and no later than 12 months following publication if publisher policies permit.”","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-24-c3/c32","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/2c10a538e43a4f88","nativeRecordCid":"317c26ef-3cdb-4ba8-a08b-584aabf959ac","documentId":"open-science-source-24-c3","id":"c32","text":"NIST should remove lines 117-120 completely to further clarify its existing authority to make the research it funds immediately available.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"NIST","subject":"removal of lines 117-120","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"NIST should also remove lines 117-120 completely to further clarify its existing authority to make the research it funds immediately available.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-24-c3/c33","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/fe9f3fe91cbc46f8","nativeRecordCid":"7ee872f1-151d-46d9-8b0f-655a307ab9de","documentId":"open-science-source-24-c3","id":"c33","text":"Author-side fees, particularly article processing charges (APCs), present financial barriers to authors.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"APCs and author barriers","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"We are deeply concerned about the financial barriers that author-side fees, particularly article processing charges (APCs), present to authors and the significant additional negative effects these have on the research ecosystem.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-24-c3/c34","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/a9c982539c9a4e77","nativeRecordCid":"73ea5a1a-c781-4070-ad97-f702470a0bac","documentId":"open-science-source-24-c3","id":"c34","text":"APCs have significant additional negative effects on the research ecosystem.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"APCs and research ecosystem","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"We are deeply concerned about the financial barriers that author-side fees, particularly article processing charges (APCs), present to authors and the significant additional negative effects these have on the research ecosystem.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-24-c3/c35","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/585a04f3a4fd4f9c","nativeRecordCid":"8d9fb115-199a-4421-8b59-c8463202e2df","documentId":"open-science-source-24-c3","id":"c35","text":"APCs continue to increase year over year, driving up the cost of research communication.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"APC cost increases","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"APCs continue to increase year over year, driving up the cost of research communication which may result in tradeoffs that divert funds away from the research process itself.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-24-c3/c36","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/57aeec509ee34549","nativeRecordCid":"5263d6a9-a92b-4913-bcd5-95008128ffa7","documentId":"open-science-source-24-c3","id":"c36","text":"Rising costs of research communication may result in tradeoffs that divert funds away from the research process itself.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"tradeoffs from rising costs","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"APCs continue to increase year over year, driving up the cost of research communication which may result in tradeoffs that divert funds away from the research process itself.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-24-c3/c37","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/d3ff891d59a84bee","nativeRecordCid":"55f718f2-89fe-4174-b0c2-3b447c45a062","documentId":"open-science-source-24-c3","id":"c37","text":"Barriers to publication created by APCs negatively impact authors, especially in instances where publishing in particular APC-based journals is viewed as important for career advancement.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"APC barriers and authors","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Further, the barriers to publication created by APCs negatively impact authors, especially in instances where publishing in particular APC-based journals is viewed as important for career advancement.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-24-c3/c38","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/b77c7a179d544b15","nativeRecordCid":"e4d495eb-fb96-4f34-9028-6e0a67f6debc","documentId":"open-science-source-24-c3","id":"c38","text":"APC-related publication barriers result in fewer opportunities for individual researchers to share their results with the scientific community and the public.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"fewer sharing opportunities","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"This results in fewer opportunities for individual researchers to share their results with the scientific community and the public.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-24-c3/c39","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/9c068614ce394940","nativeRecordCid":"bbf46947-5d9b-4495-92ce-61ea8fb2819b","documentId":"open-science-source-24-c3","id":"c39","text":"APC costs disproportionately affect younger researchers.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"APC costs and younger researchers","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"This is extremely troubling from an equity perspective, as studies have documented that APC costs disproportionately affect younger researchers, female researchers, and those at less well-funded institutions.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-24-c3/c40","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/3a14fd4f6064404b","nativeRecordCid":"9546d9ae-6b0d-4c82-b68c-74724a472c1c","documentId":"open-science-source-24-c3","id":"c40","text":"APC costs disproportionately affect female researchers.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"APC costs and female researchers","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"This is extremely troubling from an equity perspective, as studies have documented that APC costs disproportionately affect younger researchers, female researchers, and those at less well-funded institutions.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-24-c3/c41","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/824c31afbe434b2f","nativeRecordCid":"da7b8e05-2597-442b-a3e3-9674232ca3be","documentId":"open-science-source-24-c3","id":"c41","text":"APC costs disproportionately affect researchers at less well-funded institutions.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"APC costs and less well-funded institutions","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"This is extremely troubling from an equity perspective, as studies have documented that APC costs disproportionately affect younger researchers, female researchers, and those at less well-funded institutions.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-24-c3/c42","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/d4cfd617151343b1","nativeRecordCid":"cae4f1b4-8d23-41ba-ba8c-01306e6f913b","documentId":"open-science-source-24-c3","id":"c42","text":"NIST should establish a baseline understanding of the environment by collecting data on the number and makeup of its current funding recipients charging APCs as direct costs and analyzing that data across different demographics.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"NIST","subject":"baseline data collection on APCs","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Given the diversity of author experiences, NIST should establish a baseline understanding of the environment by collecting data on the number and makeup of its current funding recipients who are charging publication fees (APCs) as direct costs to their research grants and analyzing that - data across different demographics (e.g., minority-serving institutions (MSIs), EPSCoR eligible - institutions, IDeA eligible institutions, researchers in less-well-resourced disciplines, etc.)","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-24-c3/c43","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/7c814d59b5d4472e","nativeRecordCid":"5cedd384-6c2a-49d7-b8f7-044bccbb9d44","documentId":"open-science-source-24-c3","id":"c43","text":"Monitoring impacts on authors and the general public should be part of NIST's existing effort to measure the reach and impact of NIST programs and services to underserved communities and the full fields of science.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"NIST","subject":"monitoring as part of equity effort","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"This work to monitor impacts on authors and the general public should be part of NIST’s existing effort to “measure the reach and impact of NIST programs and/or services to underserved communities, as well as the full fields of science” as outlined in the Department of Commerce’s Equity Action Plan.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-24-c3/c44","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/c854a4f86dc94655","nativeRecordCid":"0ef6fbf5-9933-44a3-8efd-567dd1a30163","documentId":"open-science-source-24-c3","id":"c44","text":"NIST should actively review the wider use of NIST research by collecting information on the number of times a paper or dataset has been accessed, downloaded, or reused following implementation of the plan.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"NIST","subject":"reviewing wider research use","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Given the importance of NIST’s work to both the public and American businesses, we also recommend that the agency actively review the wider use of NIST research by collecting information on the number of times a paper or dataset has been accessed,downloaded, or reused following implementation of the plan.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-24-c3/c45","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/e42ddc61a2dd4a18","nativeRecordCid":"ffeb4306-bf4e-483c-bc54-a8d1cafe970d","documentId":"open-science-source-24-c3","id":"c45","text":"NIST's plan must ensure immediate public access, without any embargo or delay after publication, to the articles and underlying data resulting from its research.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"NIST","subject":"immediate public access requirement","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"To provide greater public access to NIST-funded research results, the plan must ensure _immediate_ public access to the articles and underlying data resulting from its research. As outlined in the OSTP Memorandum, this means “without any embargo or delay after publication.”","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-24-c3/c46","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/49239063c74044da","nativeRecordCid":"67c34447-5896-42e7-8a91-079a38e167fb","documentId":"open-science-source-24-c3","id":"c46","text":"NIST must remove the language starting on line 116 and continuing through line 120 of the plan, to clarify that no embargo is allowed or will be accepted.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"NIST","subject":"removal of embargo language lines 116-120","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"starting on line 116 and continuing through line 120 of the plan, to clarify that _no embargo_ is allowed or will be accepted.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-24-c3/c47","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/e3dc99f7dc8041ca","nativeRecordCid":"963549d5-5d70-4172-948a-94121d98b098","documentId":"open-science-source-24-c3","id":"c47","text":"Under longstanding policy, agencies already receive a license to any copyrighted work created with federal funds that authorizes the agency to make broad use of the work for federal purposes.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"federal purpose license","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Under longstanding policy, agencies already receive a license to any copyrighted work created with federal funds that authorizes the agency to make broad use of the work for federal purposes and to authorize others to do so.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-24-c3/c48","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/0743e206b6ce4f7d","nativeRecordCid":"e4b5833f-cec3-4594-8923-cffe64e52e9f","documentId":"open-science-source-24-c3","id":"c48","text":"The federal purpose license authorizes the agency to authorize others to make broad use of federally funded copyrighted works for federal purposes.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"federal purpose license scope","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Under longstanding policy, agencies already receive a license to any copyrighted work created with federal funds that authorizes the agency to make broad use of the work for federal purposes and to authorize others to do so.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-24-c3/c49","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/24b3f032a61c4b83","nativeRecordCid":"d3388dea-f14e-4ad9-96fe-5a48d856e645","documentId":"open-science-source-24-c3","id":"c49","text":"The existing federal purpose license likely already provides agencies with sufficient authority to require that publicly accessible copies of scholarly publications are provided to the public with reuse rights.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"sufficiency of federal purpose license","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"This language likely already provides agencies with sufficient authority to require that publicly accessible copies of scholarly publications are provided to the public with reuse rights.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-24-c3/c50","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/7aa308d8daeb43a2","nativeRecordCid":"73220eb8-0e87-495b-9404-ab2c202928c2","documentId":"open-science-source-24-c3","id":"c50","text":"The scope of the additional license directly correlates to the agency's public access obligation under the 2022 OSTP Memorandum.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"additional license scope","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The scope of this additional license directly correlates to the agency’s public access obligation under the _2022 OSTP Memorandum_ .","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-24-c3/c51","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/3cb77425f2de447d","nativeRecordCid":"f0924aef-3bf0-4e4c-9676-865ffdd9dadf","documentId":"open-science-source-24-c3","id":"c51","text":"Information about the license must be communicated to the public with any copy of the scholarly publication that is made publicly accessible to comply with the agency's public access policy.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"","subject":"license information communication","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Finally, it is important that information about this license is communicated to the public with any copy of the scholarly publication that is made publicly accessible to comply with the agency’s public access policy.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-24-c3/c52","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/d52c4e94573f4d69","nativeRecordCid":"2f3d4fd7-3333-4f72-8a09-a19524ec55c9","documentId":"open-science-source-24-c3","id":"c52","text":"The contents of a compliance template may include information about the copyright license.","kind":"normative","modality":"may","actor":"","subject":"template contents","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The contents of this template can include information about the copyright license along with other useful information, such as the funding agreement number, perhaps the author’s ORCID ID and any other information that the agency may want to require.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-24-c3/c53","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/badf02bd6d254a28","nativeRecordCid":"29163f5a-9597-454c-be7b-90db2f0deffd","documentId":"open-science-source-24-c3","id":"c53","text":"The contents of a compliance template may include the funding agreement number.","kind":"normative","modality":"may","actor":"","subject":"template contents","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The contents of this template can include information about the copyright license along with other useful information, such as the funding agreement number, perhaps the author’s ORCID ID and any other information that the agency may want to require.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-24-c3/c54","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/a0c49e6ae482495f","nativeRecordCid":"5d75f53e-c8ea-4441-bb58-d04b84812dca","documentId":"open-science-source-24-c3","id":"c54","text":"The contents of a compliance template may include the author's ORCID ID.","kind":"normative","modality":"may","actor":"","subject":"template contents","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The contents of this template can include information about the copyright license along with other useful information, such as the funding agreement number, perhaps the author’s ORCID ID and any other information that the agency may want to require.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-24-c3/c55","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/fd4109c6505f448a","nativeRecordCid":"546354c5-12ea-4157-816d-cf30d18e4698","documentId":"open-science-source-24-c3","id":"c55","text":"The compliance template may be attached by the author, the repository manager, or a publisher in cases in which the publisher agrees to deposit public access copies in an agency-designated repository.","kind":"normative","modality":"may","actor":"the author, repository manager, or publisher","subject":"who attaches the template","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The template would ideally be attached by the author, but it also could be attached by the repository manager or a publisher in cases in which the publisher agrees to deposit public access copies in an agency-designated repository.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-24-c3/c56","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/bcd697c20c384b3d","nativeRecordCid":"99532532-9e3e-47dd-81bf-5f1fa5b34288","documentId":"open-science-source-24-c3","id":"c56","text":"Policy-covered works must include the language from one of the two template options when deposited in agency-designated repositories or distributed by any other means, in order to meet the grantee's public access obligation.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"grantees","subject":"template language requirement","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Policy-covered works must include the language from one of the two options below when deposited in agency-designated repositories or distributed by any other means in order to meet the grantee’s public access obligation.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-24-c3/c57","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/d54355591d764c20","nativeRecordCid":"297e5133-ffcf-433e-96a4-0f41daee52ee","documentId":"open-science-source-24-c3","id":"c57","text":"Agencies should instruct agency-designated repositories to check submissions for compliance with the agency template.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"agencies","subject":"repository compliance checking","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Agencies should instruct agency-designated repositories to check submissions for compliance with the agency template.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-24-c3/c58","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/3efe7e6b63be498e","nativeRecordCid":"9b28614b-f771-4c5f-994e-32197a753756","documentId":"open-science-source-24-c3","id":"c58","text":"When policy-covered submissions do not contain the language specified in the template, repositories should add the language before the works are made public.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"repositories","subject":"adding missing template language","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"When policy-covered submissions do not contain the language specified in the template, repositories should add the language before the works are made public.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-24-c3/c59","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/be16d80b4dd1418b","nativeRecordCid":"02626806-4481-4bfd-b776-30ce0b5d7f98","documentId":"open-science-source-24-c3","id":"c59","text":"Agencies may instruct repositories to add template language Option 1 or Option 2, at their discretion.","kind":"normative","modality":"may","actor":"agencies","subject":"choice of template option","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Agencies may instruct repositories to add template language Option 1 or Option 2, at their discretion.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-24-c3/c60","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/0ab33e681c9a4040","nativeRecordCid":"eb025aed-c969-41e6-b885-1bcb5b9470fe","documentId":"open-science-source-24-c3","id":"c60","text":"Most university IP policies allocate copyright ownership in works of scholarship to individual creators, not the university.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"university IP ownership defaults","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Most university IP policies allocate copyright ownership in works of scholarship to individual creators, not the university.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-24-c3/c61","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/b139384dc5294710","nativeRecordCid":"666f8dfb-eb22-42c3-b340-9c57b8ffbb6f","documentId":"open-science-source-24-c3","id":"c61","text":"Most university copyright or IP policies already contain language that will enable compliance with the licensing requirement by modifying the default allocation of rights.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"university IP policy compliance language","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"However, most university copyright or IP policies also already contain language that will enable compliance with this licensing requirement by modifying that default allocation of rights.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-24-c3/c62","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/b2250b80ac744d36","nativeRecordCid":"c0f2f8ab-d278-4d2c-afd0-800c6bd20581","documentId":"open-science-source-24-c3","id":"c62","text":"University policy compliance with the licensing requirement is typically accomplished by the university owning all rights in works created under a grant.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"university ownership mechanism","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"This is typically accomplished by university policy ensuring that either the university owns all rights in works created under a grant,[1] or by stating that the university will retain whatever slice of rights is necessary to comply with grant or contract obligations.[2]","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-24-c3/c63","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/3d09b4a97068473d","nativeRecordCid":"4820189f-7cfb-4ed8-8e17-c6866c0272f3","documentId":"open-science-source-24-c3","id":"c63","text":"University policy compliance with the licensing requirement is typically accomplished by the university stating it will retain whatever slice of rights is necessary to comply with grant or contract obligations.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"university rights retention mechanism","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"This is typically accomplished by university policy ensuring that either the university owns all rights in works created under a grant,[1] or by stating that the university will retain whatever slice of rights is necessary to comply with grant or contract obligations.[2]","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-24-c3/c64","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/c2775b47d49f464f","nativeRecordCid":"829532d1-9bb9-4d4e-b171-efbac3ac0b78","documentId":"open-science-source-24-c3","id":"c64","text":"Universities must retain rights sufficient to hold the requisite rights to apply the CC BY 4.0 license or functional equivalent.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"universities","subject":"retention of rights","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Retaining those rights is necessary so the university holds the requisite rights to apply the CC BY 4.0 license or functional equivalent.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-24-c3/c65","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/961eeeb985bf4f45","nativeRecordCid":"44a6e6bc-6863-4c07-a3f4-298292f24291","documentId":"open-science-source-24-c3","id":"c65","text":"Some universities retain a broad license that allows them to reuse all scholarly works produced by university employees.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"broad university reuse license","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"For example, some universities retain a broad license that allows it to reuse all scholarly works produced by university employees.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-24-c3/c66","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/8c29017c42e04e74","nativeRecordCid":"2e76920a-1073-42d6-9c57-9b66d64d59e3","documentId":"open-science-source-24-c3","id":"c66","text":"Some universities have adopted institutional rights retention policies aimed specifically at public availability and reuse.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"institutional rights retention policies","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Others have adopted institutional rights retention policies aimed specifically at public availability and reuse.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-24-c3/c67","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/a55f1b4591ff4338","nativeRecordCid":"9ce68ef1-db15-4dc3-823a-4ce55b321dee","documentId":"open-science-source-24-c3","id":"c67","text":"PIs and other creators under grants must affirm their compliance and agreement with the applicable IP policies, particularly for universities with policies that hold that individual creators are the initial owners of rights.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"PIs and other creators under the grants","subject":"affirming compliance with IP policies","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"It is important, particularly for universities with policies that hold that individual creators are the initial owners of rights, to ensure that PIs and other creators under the grants affirm their compliance and agreement with the applicable IP policies.[3]","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-24-c4/c1","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/ee1c8a7d8ced4280","nativeRecordCid":"3fbe1904-188f-42e5-b6ab-84fe439780a0","documentId":"open-science-source-24-c4","id":"c1","text":"Sharing knowledge is a human right.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"","subject":"sharing knowledge","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"We believe that sharing knowledge is a human right, and that everyone should be able to access, contribute to, and benefit from the knowledge that shapes our world.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-24-c4/c2","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/9fb1dfb279f74649","nativeRecordCid":"b0b366a4-8a41-4391-9999-1ec4c1397035","documentId":"open-science-source-24-c4","id":"c2","text":"Everyone should be able to access the knowledge that shapes our world.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"everyone","subject":"the knowledge that shapes our world","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"We believe that sharing knowledge is a human right, and that everyone should be able to access, contribute to, and benefit from the knowledge that shapes our world.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-24-c4/c3","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/5106356e6585410a","nativeRecordCid":"81723fdf-de94-4f4a-aeac-380f379c8dfb","documentId":"open-science-source-24-c4","id":"c3","text":"Everyone should be able to contribute to the knowledge that shapes our world.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"everyone","subject":"the knowledge that shapes our world","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"We believe that sharing knowledge is a human right, and that everyone should be able to access, contribute to, and benefit from the knowledge that shapes our world.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-24-c4/c4","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/1c6532dab0b54c69","nativeRecordCid":"594d2bff-b01f-4ea9-83ba-16d2b884dd8a","documentId":"open-science-source-24-c4","id":"c4","text":"Everyone should be able to benefit from the knowledge that shapes our world.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"everyone","subject":"the knowledge that shapes our world","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"We believe that sharing knowledge is a human right, and that everyone should be able to access, contribute to, and benefit from the knowledge that shapes our world.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-24-c4/c5","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/b6ac17908c4847be","nativeRecordCid":"48cbe605-3331-4479-ae90-5e0a8c88e61c","documentId":"open-science-source-24-c4","id":"c5","text":"NASA's plan should be updated to further clarify the compliance paths available to researchers and how they interact.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"NASA","subject":"NASA's public access plan","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"We appreciate NASA’s exploration of a variety of compliance paths for researchers and recommend that the plan be updated to further clarify these paths and how they interact.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-24-c4/c6","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/82f2da03850d4b58","nativeRecordCid":"9bc599f2-1384-4771-b90f-37d257c78cea","documentId":"open-science-source-24-c4","id":"c6","text":"NASA-funded authors must immediately deposit the accepted manuscript into PubSpace or another agency-designated repository to achieve compliance.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"NASA-funded authors","subject":"manuscript deposit for compliance","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Specifically, we recommend that NASA’s plan and associated policies specify that immediate deposit of the author’s accepted manuscript into PubSpace (or another agency-designated repository) is required to achieve compliance.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-24-c4/c7","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/e3a23732f07a4c6a","nativeRecordCid":"fae92a0c-1d9a-4d01-a96a-525bcdefd06b","documentId":"open-science-source-24-c4","id":"c7","text":"NASA may provide grantees with options for meeting the deposit requirement, such as filling out the PubSpace submission form, depositing in another agency-designated repository, or working with CHORUS.","kind":"normative","modality":"may","actor":"NASA","subject":"options for meeting deposit requirement","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"As separate guidance, NASA can also provide grantees with options for meeting this requirement (e.g., filling out the PubSpace submission form, depositing in another agency-designated repository, working with CHORUS, etc.).","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-24-c4/c8","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/4b5e45d47bc44cab","nativeRecordCid":"34a2c6da-f2cb-458d-a1da-ed855be10d66","documentId":"open-science-source-24-c4","id":"c8","text":"Collaborations with external partners, such as CHORUS, may provide benefits.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"collaborations with external partners","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"We appreciate the benefits that collaborations with external partners, such as CHORUS, may provide.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-24-c4/c9","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/a64c861d4af44387","nativeRecordCid":"b63e8a30-2536-48af-8121-652238a047a3","documentId":"open-science-source-24-c4","id":"c9","text":"Third-party vendors operate under terms that are subject to change.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"third-party vendors","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Because third-party vendors operate under terms that are subject to change, they should serve as a supplement to support compliance, rather than a proxy to indicate compliance.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-24-c4/c10","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/a8c07c1c19ea4abc","nativeRecordCid":"71e7f544-07b5-4bc2-a78a-be34a01f7a20","documentId":"open-science-source-24-c4","id":"c10","text":"Third-party vendors should serve as a supplement to support compliance, rather than a proxy to indicate compliance.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"third-party vendors (e.g., CHORUS)","subject":"third-party vendors' role in compliance","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Because third-party vendors operate under terms that are subject to change, they should serve as a supplement to support compliance, rather than a proxy to indicate compliance.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-24-c4/c11","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/1822c8a60a574212","nativeRecordCid":"9196d33f-0efe-40bb-8f48-b62eca67b931","documentId":"open-science-source-24-c4","id":"c11","text":"NASA should explicitly emphasize the availability of compliance options that do not present financial barriers.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"NASA","subject":"compliance options without financial barriers","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"We further recommend that NASA explicitly emphasize the availability of compliance options that do not present financial barriers.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-24-c4/c12","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/fd360bded24e448c","nativeRecordCid":"6126dd23-49cb-43f6-a962-10ac5922df24","documentId":"open-science-source-24-c4","id":"c12","text":"NASA's plan and associated policies and guidance should clearly describe how authors can fully comply with its public access policy at no cost by depositing the accepted manuscript into an agency-approved repository.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"NASA","subject":"description of no-cost compliance","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"NASA’s plan and associated policies and guidance should clearly describe how authors can fully comply with its public access policy at no cost by depositing the author’s accepted manuscript into NASA’s PubSpace or any other agency-approved repository.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-24-c4/c13","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/819225ec8cec4186","nativeRecordCid":"dee74b73-8f8b-4c2e-a8e3-6ca7151b70fc","documentId":"open-science-source-24-c4","id":"c13","text":"Authors may be encouraged to pay added Open Access fees in circumstances when they are unnecessary for compliance.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"authors and added Open Access fees","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Because authors may be encouraged to pay added Open Access fees in circumstances when they are unnecessary for compliance, NASA should clarify that any charges from publishers are publication charges—not compliance charges.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-24-c4/c14","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/b11e0048078945e0","nativeRecordCid":"fe45c4c0-4bc9-4531-9806-4cb170cf8c30","documentId":"open-science-source-24-c4","id":"c14","text":"NASA should clarify that any charges from publishers are publication charges, not compliance charges.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"NASA","subject":"publication charges vs. compliance charges","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Because authors may be encouraged to pay added Open Access fees in circumstances when they are unnecessary for compliance, NASA should clarify that any charges from publishers are publication charges—not compliance charges.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-24-c4/c15","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/ec86e2da697349ce","nativeRecordCid":"ef3b723f-143f-4b9b-9aea-7f7829f37b74","documentId":"open-science-source-24-c4","id":"c15","text":"Authors must not conflate compliance with article processing charges (APCs).","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"authors","subject":"conflating compliance with APCs","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"It is critical that authors do not conflate compliance with article processing charges (APCs), which create significant barriers for less-well-resourced authors and institutions to make their research available.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-24-c4/c16","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/2e03119f1bf147f9","nativeRecordCid":"5dda5741-c703-4fd1-8fe8-1abf2776c69b","documentId":"open-science-source-24-c4","id":"c16","text":"Article processing charges (APCs) create significant barriers for less-well-resourced authors and institutions to make their research available.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"article processing charges (APCs)","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"It is critical that authors do not conflate compliance with article processing charges (APCs), which create significant barriers for less-well-resourced authors and institutions to make their research available.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-24-c4/c17","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/314d285d02884445","nativeRecordCid":"dc39b050-3841-46d4-a4cd-2a17fd1cd869","documentId":"open-science-source-24-c4","id":"c17","text":"Posting the final peer-reviewed manuscript into an agency-designated repository is an affordable and equitable full compliance mechanism available to researchers.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"manuscript posting as compliance mechanism","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"It is important for researchers to understand that the option to post their final peer-reviewed manuscript into an agency-designated repository is an affordable and equitable full compliance mechanism that is available to them.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-24-c4/c18","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/cbe8c12e324049b5","nativeRecordCid":"ed4c61c3-8ed7-4230-8aa1-a1818843990d","documentId":"open-science-source-24-c4","id":"c18","text":"Institutional repositories run by libraries and other research institutions generally do not charge authors to deposit articles or manuscripts.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"institutional repositories","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Institutional repositories run by libraries and other research institutions generally do not charge authors to deposit articles or manuscripts.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-24-c4/c19","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/1d027160f6c749d3","nativeRecordCid":"51328682-733d-496f-9bfe-a1bd8a7051de","documentId":"open-science-source-24-c4","id":"c19","text":"Institutional repositories can play an important role in easing compliance burdens on authors.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"institutional repositories","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"These can play an important role in easing compliance burdens on authors, improving discoverability of research outputs, and providing long-term preservation support.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-24-c4/c20","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/f3f6e8f509334d81","nativeRecordCid":"4f4178c0-e2b2-499c-b2a2-d4e8aa66edd8","documentId":"open-science-source-24-c4","id":"c20","text":"Institutional repositories can play an important role in improving discoverability of research outputs.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"institutional repositories","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"These can play an important role in easing compliance burdens on authors, improving discoverability of research outputs, and providing long-term preservation support.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-24-c4/c21","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/061fb9a4d102429b","nativeRecordCid":"3f878350-63fe-4992-b768-9a088b2ff464","documentId":"open-science-source-24-c4","id":"c21","text":"Institutional repositories can play an important role in providing long-term preservation support.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"institutional repositories","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"These can play an important role in easing compliance burdens on authors, improving discoverability of research outputs, and providing long-term preservation support.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-24-c4/c22","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/4a42d5596a384c42","nativeRecordCid":"90d6e119-3c6e-4dee-855a-c8809efd4957","documentId":"open-science-source-24-c4","id":"c22","text":"NASA should allow for the deposit of publications into other repositories beyond PubSpace.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"NASA","subject":"deposit repositories beyond PubSpace","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Therefore, we strongly recommend that NASA allow for the deposit of publications into other repositories beyond PubSpace, and suggest that NASA utilize the guidance set out in the U.S. Repository Network's Desirable Characteristics of Digital Publications Repositories.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-24-c4/c23","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/a00a7dbf5fbc4896","nativeRecordCid":"2fa60c3d-64d0-4f2f-a7ca-af0a506590b1","documentId":"open-science-source-24-c4","id":"c23","text":"NASA should utilize the guidance set out in the U.S. Repository Network's Desirable Characteristics of Digital Publications Repositories.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"NASA","subject":"repository guidance standards","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Therefore, we strongly recommend that NASA allow for the deposit of publications into other repositories beyond PubSpace, and suggest that NASA utilize the guidance set out in the U.S. Repository Network's Desirable Characteristics of Digital Publications Repositories.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-24-c4/c24","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/57bea9c3c2234d9a","nativeRecordCid":"1903f639-78b2-4bf1-b707-52975128488c","documentId":"open-science-source-24-c4","id":"c24","text":"Presenting research documents in machine-readable formats and allowing bulk downloads improves the utility of that research for researchers and the public.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"machine-readable formats and bulk downloads","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"SPARC supports these commitments as they improve the utility of NASA’s research for other researchers and the public more broadly.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-24-c4/c25","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/a997c806d26e4e91","nativeRecordCid":"53646c41-6ca3-491f-b972-95b674c6a1d6","documentId":"open-science-source-24-c4","id":"c25","text":"Without full reuse rights, the utility of NASA-funded publications is restricted.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"full reuse rights and publication utility","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Without full reuse rights, the utility of NASA-funded publications will be restricted and their impact in the scientific community diminished.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-24-c4/c26","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/8ee4109951e0473f","nativeRecordCid":"065e3ca2-78f0-4d65-95ea-fca0e3fcb18b","documentId":"open-science-source-24-c4","id":"c26","text":"Without full reuse rights, the impact of NASA-funded publications in the scientific community is diminished.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"full reuse rights and publication impact","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Without full reuse rights, the utility of NASA-funded publications will be restricted and their impact in the scientific community diminished.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-24-c4/c27","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/e1e7caedb5404c14","nativeRecordCid":"db6a6c02-6893-4c1e-b7b5-2be14f53170e","documentId":"open-science-source-24-c4","id":"c27","text":"All agency publications should carry full reuse rights, such as those provided by a CC BY 4.0 International License or its functional equivalent.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"NASA","subject":"reuse rights for agency publications","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"To ensure full reuse of NASA’s research, SPARC recommends that all agency publications carry full reuse rights, such as those provided by a CC BY 4.0 International License or its functional equivalent.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-24-c4/c28","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/8136d28a16bf4ff6","nativeRecordCid":"a701f854-981b-40ec-849e-caf7c6d79891","documentId":"open-science-source-24-c4","id":"c28","text":"Grantees must ensure, as a term and condition of funding agreements, that NASA receives a license to agency publications sufficient for NASA to grant the public re-use rights.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"grantees","subject":"grantee license to NASA for public reuse","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"To build on the plan’s suggestion that grantees agree to grant the government a broad license for public reuse, we suggest that NASA specifically require grantees, as a term and condition of funding agreements, to ensure that the agency receives a license to agency publications sufficient for NASA to grant the public re-use rights.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-24-c4/c29","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/b2d2aad26ea14043","nativeRecordCid":"3ce44814-a2bb-43b7-a333-ff746dd59161","documentId":"open-science-source-24-c4","id":"c29","text":"Requiring grantees to provide NASA a sufficient license as a term of funding minimizes complexity and burden in compliance for grantee institutions and authors.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"licensing requirement's effect on compliance burden","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"This approach minimizes complexity and burden in compliance by grantee institutions and authors.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-24-c4/c30","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/cc85b66aea474d58","nativeRecordCid":"af62ec12-bb8d-4f08-969b-7520b9b91091","documentId":"open-science-source-24-c4","id":"c30","text":"NASA may rely on its existing federal purpose license under 2 C.F.R. § 200.315(b) to secure reuse rights.","kind":"normative","modality":"may","actor":"NASA","subject":"federal purpose license","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"To do this, the agency could rely on its existing federal purpose license under 2 C.F.R. § 200.315(b).","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-24-c4/c31","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/9146660b274747a8","nativeRecordCid":"98008f5c-9d5f-4caa-b4a4-5733dbfc7212","documentId":"open-science-source-24-c4","id":"c31","text":"Grantees must provide an additional license to NASA that specifically provides the right to grant the public re-use rights to agency publications covered by the Public Access Policy.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"grantees","subject":"additional license to NASA","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"For additional clarity, we suggest that NASA also require that grantees provide an additional license to NASA that specifically provides the right to grant the public re-use rights to agency publications covered by the Public Access Policy.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-24-c4/c32","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/2f5f59802a284cfd","nativeRecordCid":"7cae538b-28c7-4a1b-8aa9-866e63785492","documentId":"open-science-source-24-c4","id":"c32","text":"NASA should develop template language that can be attached to or included with a publication, either by the author or NASA staff, to indicate the publication is available under an open license.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"NASA","subject":"template open-license language","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"We also recommend the agency develop template language that can be attached to or included with the publication, either by the author or NASA staff, to indicate the publication is available under an open license.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-24-c4/c33","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/886de9993ab744e6","nativeRecordCid":"8e405ec0-3e55-4e5f-9468-5f89e4774f04","documentId":"open-science-source-24-c4","id":"c33","text":"Author-side fees, particularly article processing charges (APCs), present financial barriers to authors.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"author-side fees / APCs","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"We are deeply concerned about the financial barriers that author-side fees, particularly article processing charges (APCs), present to authors and the significant negative effects these have on the research ecosystem.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-24-c4/c34","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/4165d980632547f7","nativeRecordCid":"7e8d4628-56c6-40ae-8264-653c506777b7","documentId":"open-science-source-24-c4","id":"c34","text":"Article processing charges (APCs) have significant negative effects on the research ecosystem.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"article processing charges (APCs)","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"We are deeply concerned about the financial barriers that author-side fees, particularly article processing charges (APCs), present to authors and the significant negative effects these have on the research ecosystem.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-24-c4/c35","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/42b4a5a737db46ad","nativeRecordCid":"92969db6-9bd9-4189-8059-e4cd453e3353","documentId":"open-science-source-24-c4","id":"c35","text":"APCs continue to increase year over year, driving up the cost of research communication.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"APC price trend","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"APCs continue to increase year over year, driving up the cost of research communication which may result in tradeoffs that divert funds away from the research process itself.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-24-c4/c36","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/e7aaa71f74b341d6","nativeRecordCid":"07a20a53-675f-459f-8161-c3c701d7f062","documentId":"open-science-source-24-c4","id":"c36","text":"Rising costs of research communication may result in tradeoffs that divert funds away from the research process itself.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"cost of research communication","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"APCs continue to increase year over year, driving up the cost of research communication which may result in tradeoffs that divert funds away from the research process itself.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-24-c4/c37","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/f103609640a44af9","nativeRecordCid":"be9d7d0e-9aae-4145-94c7-60ecb5bedd03","documentId":"open-science-source-24-c4","id":"c37","text":"Barriers to publication created by APCs negatively impact authors, especially in instances where publishing in particular APC-based journals is viewed as important for career advancement.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"APC publication barriers","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The barriers to publication created by APCs negatively impact authors, especially in instances where publishing in particular APC-based journals is viewed as important for career advancement.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-24-c4/c38","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/ce407e3e3bec4716","nativeRecordCid":"c0f93a42-56a4-4987-a104-581b2700666e","documentId":"open-science-source-24-c4","id":"c38","text":"Barriers to publication created by APCs result in fewer opportunities for individual researchers to share their results with the scientific community and the public.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"APC publication barriers","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"This results in fewer opportunities for individual researchers to share their results with the scientific community and the public.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-24-c4/c39","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/1238c152ed694e0a","nativeRecordCid":"9cb07623-4de7-4583-a352-34d768298d81","documentId":"open-science-source-24-c4","id":"c39","text":"APC costs disproportionately affect younger researchers.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"APC costs","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"costs disproportionately affect younger researchers, female researchers, and those at less well-funded institutions.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-24-c4/c40","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/d7f88866bdf541ab","nativeRecordCid":"fbc220a7-b580-490b-9967-c87d33fccc78","documentId":"open-science-source-24-c4","id":"c40","text":"APC costs disproportionately affect female researchers.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"APC costs","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"costs disproportionately affect younger researchers, female researchers, and those at less well-funded institutions.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-24-c4/c41","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/bc0c86b805484321","nativeRecordCid":"93db009f-dd66-4693-b243-0535d0342808","documentId":"open-science-source-24-c4","id":"c41","text":"APC costs disproportionately affect researchers at less-well-funded institutions.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"APC costs","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"costs disproportionately affect younger researchers, female researchers, and those at less well-funded institutions.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-24-c4/c42","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/8d2b3ac615ca4771","nativeRecordCid":"57ef1632-1521-4ec1-a23e-580a568749d7","documentId":"open-science-source-24-c4","id":"c42","text":"NASA should establish a baseline understanding of the environment by collecting data on the number and makeup of its current funding recipients charging APCs as direct costs to research grants, and analyzing that data across different demographics.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"NASA","subject":"baseline data on APC charging","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Given the diversity of author experiences, NASA should establish a baseline understanding of the environment by collecting data on the number and makeup of its current funding recipients who are charging publication fees (APCs) as direct costs to their research grants and analyzing that data across different demographics (e.g., minority-serving institutions (MSIs), EPSCoR-eligible institutions, IDeA-eligible institutions, researchers in less-well-resourced disciplines, etc.)","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-24-c4/c43","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/3b97eb46ef664773","nativeRecordCid":"239b6f92-1002-4c1c-b723-076e95c27deb","documentId":"open-science-source-24-c4","id":"c43","text":"NASA should include its public access policy as part of its agency-wide barrier analysis of its grants and cooperative agreements outlined in its 2022 Equity Action Plan.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"NASA","subject":"public access policy in barrier analysis","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"NASA should include its public access policy as part of its agency-wide barrier analysis of its grants and cooperative agreements outlined in its 2022 Equity Action Plan.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-24-c4/c44","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/5dcdfda36e754a28","nativeRecordCid":"83d9fdfc-3c68-489a-8c82-5b43d5d9f353","documentId":"open-science-source-24-c4","id":"c44","text":"NASA should add language clarifying that PIDs are also required for publications.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"NASA","subject":"PID requirement for publications","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"We recommend NASA add language clarifying that PIDs are also required for publications.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-24-c4/c45","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/2bbcbe1448c746a5","nativeRecordCid":"bdee7af3-de6d-4c8b-a5ec-3a97bdd50232","documentId":"open-science-source-24-c4","id":"c45","text":"NASA should identify and adopt non-proprietary community standards, such as ROR IDs and ORCIDs, when considering the use of PIDs.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"NASA","subject":"non-proprietary PID standards","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"When considering the use of PIDs, NASA should identify and adopt non-proprietary community standards where they exist such as the Research Organization Registry (ROR) IDs and ORCIDs.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-24-c4/c46","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/a062aac08baf4ffc","nativeRecordCid":"731fcef2-62e1-4d91-92ba-acb576565592","documentId":"open-science-source-24-c4","id":"c46","text":"Software and code should carry an open license such as those approved by the Open Source Initiative.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"NASA-funded researchers","subject":"open licensing of shared software/code","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"We recommend NASA require the software and code to carry an open license such as those approved by the Open Source Initiative.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-24-c5/c1","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/c9779dc637154484","nativeRecordCid":"9ca3d651-3f44-499c-8c68-a467e8bb7640","documentId":"open-science-source-24-c5","id":"c1","text":"Requiring NSF-funded peer-reviewed publications to be made available in PAR ensures that researchers have a no-cost mechanism to fully comply with the 2022 OTSP Nelson Memorandum's publications requirements.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"PAR requirement for NSF-funded publications","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Requiring NSF-funded peer-reviewed publications to be made available in PAR will ensure that researchers have a no-cost mechanism to fully comply with the 2022 OTSP Nelson Memorandum’s publications requirements.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-24-c5/c2","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/8d931ea55f254971","nativeRecordCid":"a0914487-c8b8-402a-9d37-d8c3352a28b4","documentId":"open-science-source-24-c5","id":"c2","text":"Requiring NSF-funded peer-reviewed publications to be made available in PAR increases equitable access to these publications, benefitting libraries as well as the people they serve, including researchers, students, and their local communities.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"PAR requirement effect on equitable access","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"It will increase equitable access to these publications benefitting libraries as well as the people they serve–including researchers, students, and their local communities.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-24-c5/c3","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/1ea07e91842f43cc","nativeRecordCid":"bc45301a-d940-4f16-b779-d7c1bfaf4967","documentId":"open-science-source-24-c5","id":"c3","text":"Requiring NSF-funded peer-reviewed publications to be made available in PAR improves equity in contributing to the scientific record by removing unnecessary financial barriers such as author-side charges like APCs.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"PAR requirement effect on equity in contributing","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"It will also improve equity in contributing to the scientific record by removing unnecessary financial barriers (specifically author-side charges like APCs).","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-24-c5/c4","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/fa947135eef5475c","nativeRecordCid":"c9ddd95f-0dd3-4243-94c9-0461a13e810e","documentId":"open-science-source-24-c5","id":"c4","text":"The PAR requirement enables researchers across the globe to find, use, and build on the most cutting-edge research NSF funds.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"PAR requirement enabling researchers to use research","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The requirement will enable researchers across the globe to find, use, and build on the most cutting edge research NSF funds, accelerating collaboration and the pace of innovation.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-24-c5/c5","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/e0d704416ae9446d","nativeRecordCid":"edd297f5-0fd5-4ba3-abc8-bdd7c844d3f3","documentId":"open-science-source-24-c5","id":"c5","text":"The PAR requirement accelerates collaboration.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"PAR requirement effect on collaboration","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The requirement will enable researchers across the globe to find, use, and build on the most cutting edge research NSF funds, accelerating collaboration and the pace of innovation.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-24-c5/c6","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/69a7b9227daa4cd5","nativeRecordCid":"0b1ba4e2-782b-4330-b858-0eca00089b0e","documentId":"open-science-source-24-c5","id":"c6","text":"The PAR requirement accelerates the pace of innovation.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"PAR requirement effect on innovation pace","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The requirement will enable researchers across the globe to find, use, and build on the most cutting edge research NSF funds, accelerating collaboration and the pace of innovation.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-24-c5/c7","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/79fc171a0c9b48b8","nativeRecordCid":"c10838bd-5562-4815-bd01-85796fedd5aa","documentId":"open-science-source-24-c5","id":"c7","text":"Providing immediate access to articles and associated metadata in machine-readable XML in PAR ensures NSF has a robust and complete collection of its research outputs.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"immediate access via PAR and research output collection","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"For example, providing immediate access to articles and associated metadata in machine-readable XML in PAR will ensure NSF has a robust and complete collection of its research outputs that allows for text and data mining, machine learning, and other computational uses.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-24-c5/c8","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/ff84903cba62486b","nativeRecordCid":"eb8c7fd7-6259-47e7-9481-051b1b87ce8a","documentId":"open-science-source-24-c5","id":"c8","text":"A robust and complete collection of NSF's research outputs allows for text and data mining, machine learning, and other computational uses.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"NSF's research output collection computational uses","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"For example, providing immediate access to articles and associated metadata in machine-readable XML in PAR will ensure NSF has a robust and complete collection of its research outputs that allows for text and data mining, machine learning, and other computational uses.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-24-c5/c9","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/468df61477a24df7","nativeRecordCid":"0c8203fa-beef-4a78-9d11-f3c07f571a68","documentId":"open-science-source-24-c5","id":"c9","text":"The PAR requirement increases equity in access to NSF's research by removing barriers and making it free and easy for governments and experts in the community to discover and use new knowledge.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"PAR requirement effect on equity in access","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"It will also increase equity in access to NSF’s research by removing barriers and making it free and easy for governments and experts in the community to discover and use new knowledge to improve public wellbeing.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-24-c5/c10","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/2e6e1da9ef1b42aa","nativeRecordCid":"924edddd-d5dc-499a-984f-5f6b7cf2970a","documentId":"open-science-source-24-c5","id":"c10","text":"The PAR requirement supports institutions and libraries in their efforts to increase public trust in science and academic institutions by making the research ecosystem and its outputs more open and transparent to all users.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"PAR requirement effect on public trust","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"And finally, it will support institutions and libraries in their efforts to increase public trust in science and academic institutions by making the research ecosystem and its outputs more open and transparent to all users.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-24-c5/c11","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/8dac0f8b29d848ee","nativeRecordCid":"1a782c82-a9d1-405a-9cae-d19215cae2ca","documentId":"open-science-source-24-c5","id":"c11","text":"NSF should state that authors can fully comply with its public access policy at no cost by depositing their author's accepted manuscripts into PAR.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"NSF","subject":"NSF communication on no-cost compliance","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"To address these concerns, NSF should state that authors can fully comply with its public access policy at **no cost** by depositing their author’s accepted manuscripts into PAR.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-24-c5/c12","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/3fcfcd847f7647a2","nativeRecordCid":"81437a8b-5210-47fa-8aab-2ea964d12dc0","documentId":"open-science-source-24-c5","id":"c12","text":"NSF should clarify that any fee that authors may be asked to pay is a publisher fee, and not a fee required by the agency for compliance.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"NSF","subject":"NSF clarification on publisher fees","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Additionally, NSF should clarify that any fee that authors may be asked to pay is a publisher fee, and not a fee required by the agency for compliance.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-24-c5/c13","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/faac86e725dc4a59","nativeRecordCid":"964775ee-c167-4314-915f-14f4beb35dec","documentId":"open-science-source-24-c5","id":"c13","text":"Authors must not conflate compliance with APCs.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"authors","subject":"authors and APC compliance conflation","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"It is critical that authors do not conflate compliance with APCs, which create significant challenges for less-well-resourced authors and institutions to make their research available in PAR.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-24-c5/c14","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/2ed106f14a024c75","nativeRecordCid":"42f6cfa5-34e2-404d-ba3a-2050e2f90193","documentId":"open-science-source-24-c5","id":"c14","text":"APCs create significant challenges for less-well-resourced authors and institutions to make their research available in PAR.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"APCs and less-well-resourced authors/institutions","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"It is critical that authors do not conflate compliance with APCs, which create significant challenges for less-well-resourced authors and institutions to make their research available in PAR.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-24-c5/c15","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/96b666a775904527","nativeRecordCid":"bac5fdcb-29c7-4a6c-a27d-889088e3e485","documentId":"open-science-source-24-c5","id":"c15","text":"NSF must clearly articulate the no-cost compliance mechanisms to institutions and researchers as an important step in its policy implementation.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"NSF","subject":"NSF articulation of no-cost mechanisms","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Clearly articulating the no-cost compliance mechanisms to institutions and researchers will be an important step in the agency’s policy implementation as grantees may not be aware of these","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-24-c5/c16","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/bea49b4e46ff4d18","nativeRecordCid":"f6a99b39-6732-4e3d-a8e3-1bb5a1456a52","documentId":"open-science-source-24-c5","id":"c16","text":"Grantees may not be aware of no-cost compliance options when faced with communications from some Gold Open Access publishers promoting compliance options requiring payment.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"grantee awareness of no-cost options","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Clearly articulating the no-cost compliance mechanisms to institutions and researchers will be an important step in the agency’s policy implementation as grantees may not be aware of these","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-24-c5/c17","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/398dee7d872d4974","nativeRecordCid":"0f94db46-df41-40d5-9e22-e732e2d6d50d","documentId":"open-science-source-24-c5","id":"c17","text":"Institutional repositories run by libraries or research institutions can play an important role in public access compliance because they generally do not charge authors to deposit articles or manuscripts.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"institutional repositories role in compliance","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"In addition to PAR, institutional repositories run by libraries or research institutions can play an important role in public access compliance as they generally do not charge authors to deposit articles or manuscripts.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-24-c5/c18","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/bc17be3b61f840a9","nativeRecordCid":"974d65e9-97d7-41e4-9ef0-55ca944f7336","documentId":"open-science-source-24-c5","id":"c18","text":"Institutional repositories are often under-resourced.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"institutional repositories resourcing","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"However, institutional repositories are often under-resourced despite this role as a critical component in research infrastructure.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-24-c5/c19","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/4e1105b4080a4c57","nativeRecordCid":"6597b7fd-aa5e-416d-a21e-5779ff4a361a","documentId":"open-science-source-24-c5","id":"c19","text":"Institutional repositories are a critical component in research infrastructure.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"institutional repositories role in research infrastructure","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"However, institutional repositories are often under-resourced despite this role as a critical component in research infrastructure.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-24-c5/c20","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/45acdf5fd7524e94","nativeRecordCid":"38680aca-eff5-44ac-82ed-95128772ad7d","documentId":"open-science-source-24-c5","id":"c20","text":"Both NSF and the research community would benefit from investments in institutional repositories to strengthen the network of repositories, federal and non-federal, across the country and ensure interoperability.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"NSF and research community investment benefit","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Both NSF and the research community would benefit from investments in institutional repositories to strengthen the network of repositories, federal and non-federal, across the country and ensure interoperability.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-24-c5/c21","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/73c84b9416a94f58","nativeRecordCid":"9d0f5f6d-e155-44ff-9c6d-4cec191dc934","documentId":"open-science-source-24-c5","id":"c21","text":"Engagement with the U.S. Repository Network's efforts to establish shared practices and workflows for repositories can help NSF address barriers to making publications available.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"US Repository Network engagement","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Engagement with the U.S. Repository Network and its efforts to establish shared practices and workflows for repositories is one example of how NSF can address barriers to making publications available.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-24-c5/c22","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/e4afc8ba0f65442d","nativeRecordCid":"58711dc1-682b-459a-aa9d-716db7665525","documentId":"open-science-source-24-c5","id":"c22","text":"Requiring that the data underlying NSF-funded peer-reviewed publications be made available protects scientific integrity.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"data availability requirement and scientific integrity","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Requiring that the data underlying NSF-funded peer-reviewed publications be made available will protect scientific integrity and enable broader engagement with NSF’s research, benefiting both researchers and the general public.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-24-c5/c23","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/61255a42726241b6","nativeRecordCid":"593e27c7-a2f5-449a-a511-20638a7688fe","documentId":"open-science-source-24-c5","id":"c23","text":"Requiring that the data underlying NSF-funded peer-reviewed publications be made available enables broader engagement with NSF's research, benefiting both researchers and the general public.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"data availability requirement and broader engagement","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Requiring that the data underlying NSF-funded peer-reviewed publications be made available will protect scientific integrity and enable broader engagement with NSF’s research, benefiting both researchers and the general public.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-24-c5/c24","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/1a47d1a191c34842","nativeRecordCid":"cc8be732-e600-454b-bba5-58b43d62fd18","documentId":"open-science-source-24-c5","id":"c24","text":"Requiring that the underlying data be shared better equips the scientific community with the opportunity to reproduce the study behind the publication.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"data sharing and reproducibility","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Requiring that the underlying data be shared better equips the scientific community with the opportunity to reproduce the study and debate the findings and methods behind the publication.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-24-c5/c25","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/9f00f8612056416d","nativeRecordCid":"942023c2-64a6-4aad-a1a9-00c4c3bd8f15","documentId":"open-science-source-24-c5","id":"c25","text":"Requiring that the underlying data be shared better equips the scientific community with the opportunity to debate the findings and methods behind the publication.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"data sharing and debate of findings","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Requiring that the underlying data be shared better equips the scientific community with the opportunity to reproduce the study and debate the findings and methods behind the publication.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-24-c5/c26","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/2f13d80dd9e74bc7","nativeRecordCid":"8802956b-ab32-4cfc-ad7d-176a00154e07","documentId":"open-science-source-24-c5","id":"c26","text":"Re-analysis of findings allows other experts to root out false results or bias.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"re-analysis of findings","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The re-analysis of findings allows other experts to root out false results or bias, increasing public trust in science.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-24-c5/c27","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/256704c18b144040","nativeRecordCid":"adb5b943-2abd-4347-82e2-0cc6c76e2064","documentId":"open-science-source-24-c5","id":"c27","text":"Re-analysis of findings increases public trust in science.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"re-analysis and public trust","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The re-analysis of findings allows other experts to root out false results or bias, increasing public trust in science.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-24-c5/c28","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/c477db5d9b664d89","nativeRecordCid":"313cb590-645b-480d-8b6d-c2deafc3c495","documentId":"open-science-source-24-c5","id":"c28","text":"Making data public enables broader engagement with the science.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"public data and broader engagement","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Making this data public also enables broader engagement with the science and can catalyze collaboration and ideas for future research.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-24-c5/c29","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/215797281f4d41cf","nativeRecordCid":"daf4a876-f8b1-49d6-b3f7-84ccc9967114","documentId":"open-science-source-24-c5","id":"c29","text":"Making data public can catalyze collaboration for future research.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"public data and collaboration","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Making this data public also enables broader engagement with the science and can catalyze collaboration and ideas for future research.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-24-c5/c30","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/f4bc849eb54745ff","nativeRecordCid":"7385d44a-a9d7-4ad2-90a1-ea07e0d5950a","documentId":"open-science-source-24-c5","id":"c30","text":"Making data public can catalyze ideas for future research.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"public data and future research ideas","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Making this data public also enables broader engagement with the science and can catalyze collaboration and ideas for future research.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-24-c5/c31","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/dbd083bc6f22414a","nativeRecordCid":"b252a128-ca95-423b-b348-c4489a9acc92","documentId":"open-science-source-24-c5","id":"c31","text":"Other researchers can ensure the integrity of the findings.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"other researchers and integrity of findings","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Other researchers can not only ensure the integrity of the findings but build on them to generate new knowledge within and across disciplines.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-24-c5/c32","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/83ebb060c7c64e15","nativeRecordCid":"7c40d736-443a-434e-9fac-dcb8f0de1b59","documentId":"open-science-source-24-c5","id":"c32","text":"Other researchers can build on the findings to generate new knowledge within and across disciplines.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"other researchers building on findings","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Other researchers can not only ensure the integrity of the findings but build on them to generate new knowledge within and across disciplines.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-24-c5/c33","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/b41e5c1f029b416c","nativeRecordCid":"ec861cd7-9cb7-4942-afe7-8f441abc256a","documentId":"open-science-source-24-c5","id":"c33","text":"Libraries play an important role in facilitating research data sharing, storage, and management.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"libraries role in data sharing","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Libraries play an important role in facilitating research data sharing, storage, and management as well as educating faculty and students about campus data resources.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-24-c5/c34","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/334b09ade3494cd7","nativeRecordCid":"a0fd58dc-484a-465d-a6d5-9e729c461901","documentId":"open-science-source-24-c5","id":"c34","text":"Libraries play an important role in educating faculty and students about campus data resources.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"libraries role in education","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Libraries play an important role in facilitating research data sharing, storage, and management as well as educating faculty and students about campus data resources.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-24-c5/c35","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/4b807b3952c0498b","nativeRecordCid":"3ceee34e-8705-47f8-a10f-080b5fdbfc81","documentId":"open-science-source-24-c5","id":"c35","text":"Complying with the data requirement presents challenges, particularly around costs and the implementation of new campus workflows and policies.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"data requirement compliance challenges","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"While complying with the data requirement will present challenges, particularly around costs and the implementation of new campus workflows and policies, NSF can mitigate these challenges by investing in open data infrastructure and data repository coordination activities in partnership with libraries.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-24-c5/c36","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/3e8826750a044425","nativeRecordCid":"e338fa66-f00e-4724-b5a8-750c2315960c","documentId":"open-science-source-24-c5","id":"c36","text":"NSF can mitigate these challenges by investing in open data infrastructure and data repository coordination activities in partnership with libraries.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"NSF mitigation of compliance challenges","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"While complying with the data requirement will present challenges, particularly around costs and the implementation of new campus workflows and policies, NSF can mitigate these challenges by investing in open data infrastructure and data repository coordination activities in partnership with libraries.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-24-c5/c37","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/b3689226e9984a3f","nativeRecordCid":"dc0538ae-e7dc-4623-9803-5f1dcb0b5f8a","documentId":"open-science-source-24-c5","id":"c37","text":"NIH's GREI initiative aims to establish shared infrastructure and practices among generalist repositories in NIH's data ecosystem.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"NIH GREI initiative","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"NIH’s GREI initiative is one such example that aims to establish shared infrastructure and practices among generalist repositories in NIH’s data ecosystem.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-24-c5/c38","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/b172b6bed3654472","nativeRecordCid":"4c281959-6f9b-46d2-b9a9-ddeca1cb2c6d","documentId":"open-science-source-24-c5","id":"c38","text":"Similar investments from NSF in data repositories would be beneficial in removing barriers to compliance for researchers and their institutions.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"NSF investments in data repositories","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Similar investments from NSF in data repositories would be beneficial in removing barriers to compliance for researchers and their institutions.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-24-c5/c39","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/f90d4dfbf3e94f61","nativeRecordCid":"c51c4f1b-c10e-427a-92f2-8fa6bccb07b6","documentId":"open-science-source-24-c5","id":"c39","text":"Minority serving and less-well-resourced institutions and authors often face disparate impacts when complying with new federal policies.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"disparate impacts on marginalized institutions","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Minority serving and less-well-resourced institutions and authors often face disparate impacts when complying with new federal policies.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-24-c5/c40","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/3f998300a7fd4c8e","nativeRecordCid":"cb24b560-c20e-403d-a486-b2659ceedf07","documentId":"open-science-source-24-c5","id":"c40","text":"Financial barriers posed by APCs are of concern to a variety of institutions.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"APC financial barriers concern","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"While the financial barriers posed by APCs are of concern to a variety of institutions, they are likely to be a more significant barrier to marginalized and underrepresented groups.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-24-c5/c41","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/5dc2c3532da24b56","nativeRecordCid":"767277cd-9d6b-481e-bdf4-487b194cb59d","documentId":"open-science-source-24-c5","id":"c41","text":"Financial barriers posed by APCs are likely to be a more significant barrier to marginalized and underrepresented groups.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"APC barriers for marginalized groups","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"While the financial barriers posed by APCs are of concern to a variety of institutions, they are likely to be a more significant barrier to marginalized and underrepresented groups.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-24-c5/c42","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/23dba7f54a7a479e","nativeRecordCid":"8dba1bfc-dff7-470c-86a9-1e523b4a0782","documentId":"open-science-source-24-c5","id":"c42","text":"APC costs disproportionately affect younger researchers, female researchers, and those at less-well-funded institutions.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"APC costs disproportionate effect","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"For example, studies have documented that APC costs disproportionately affect younger researchers, female researchers, and those at less-well-funded institutions.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-24-c5/c43","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/00c47068b3704489","nativeRecordCid":"07aac0a5-df66-4a8d-b8f5-95202978aa03","documentId":"open-science-source-24-c5","id":"c43","text":"NSF must be aware of the disparate impacts of financial barriers on marginalized and underrepresented groups.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"NSF","subject":"NSF awareness of impacts","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"It is important for NSF to be aware of these impacts and to actively monitor the effects of any publication charges across demographic groups of its grantees.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-24-c5/c44","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/bb38d524f7164dbd","nativeRecordCid":"1298dff4-a9f1-42b2-8f78-be9d02ac7b4c","documentId":"open-science-source-24-c5","id":"c44","text":"NSF must actively monitor the effects of any publication charges across demographic groups of its grantees.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"NSF","subject":"NSF monitoring of publication charges","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"It is important for NSF to be aware of these impacts and to actively monitor the effects of any publication charges across demographic groups of its grantees.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-24-c5/c45","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/ead7296e67484169","nativeRecordCid":"bde00bba-c8df-412f-81c6-aed34415fd97","documentId":"open-science-source-24-c5","id":"c45","text":"NSF should establish a baseline understanding of the environment by collecting data on the number and makeup of its current funding recipients who are charging publication fees as direct costs to their research grants and analyzing that data across different demographics.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"NSF","subject":"NSF baseline data collection","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"For example, NSF should establish a baseline understanding of the environment by collecting data on the number and makeup of its current funding recipients who are charging publication fees as direct costs to their research grants and analyzing that data across different - demographics (e.g., minority-serving institutions (MSIs), EPSCoR eligible institutions, - IDeA eligible institutions, researchers in less-well-resourced disciplines, etc.)","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-24-c5/c46","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/dd4e258292f742dd","nativeRecordCid":"c2c2b61b-c8b8-45c8-81ee-9c80c68fc2ba","documentId":"open-science-source-24-c5","id":"c46","text":"The results of this data collection would be helpful in engaging marginalized and underrepresented groups about potential negative impacts of APC-based models and solutions to mitigate them.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"data collection results usefulness","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The results of this data collection would be helpful in engaging marginalized and underrepresented groups about potential negative impacts of APC-based models and solutions to mitigate them (e.g., no-cost manuscript deposit).","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-24-c5/c47","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/b89a408ded2d4953","nativeRecordCid":"feefe61c-c127-4b58-b6e2-92a9478dfd85","documentId":"open-science-source-24-c5","id":"c47","text":"A shared understanding of reuse rights for publications is needed.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"","subject":"reuse rights shared understanding","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Section 3.A.iii of the Plan identifies the important need for a shared understanding of reuse rights for publications.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-24-c5/c48","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/7c7526e422924243","nativeRecordCid":"39a60549-fafa-490a-b7cf-420e362f3053","documentId":"open-science-source-24-c5","id":"c48","text":"OMB's Uniform Guidance, 2 CFR 200.315(b), already provides agencies with a license to any copyrighted work created with federal funds that authorizes the agency to make broad use of the work for federal purposes and to authorize others to do so.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"OMB Uniform Guidance license","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"OMB’s Uniform Guidance referenced in the Plan, 2 CFR 200.315(b), already provides agencies with a license to any copyrighted work created with federal funds that authorizes the agency to make broad use of the work for federal purposes and to authorize others to do so.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-24-c5/c49","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/5a48171ca71145f8","nativeRecordCid":"780d6a35-94c2-4651-9eee-bd2a406efe9d","documentId":"open-science-source-24-c5","id":"c49","text":"This language likely already provides NSF with sufficient authority to require that publicly accessible copies of scholarly publications are provided to the public with reuse rights.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"NSF authority under existing guidance","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"This language likely already provides NSF with sufficient authority to require that publicly accessible copies of scholarly publications are provided to the public with reuse rights.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-24-c5/c50","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/f89afc8cfee04abb","nativeRecordCid":"c32cbdb2-94be-4b31-a3f5-6c859a5e9636","documentId":"open-science-source-24-c5","id":"c50","text":"NSF should require grantees, as a term and condition of funding agreements, to ensure that the agency receives a license to funded publications sufficient for NSF to grant the public reuse rights.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"NSF","subject":"NSF requirement of grantee license","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"To avoid doubt on this issue, we recommend that NSF require grantees, as a term and condition of funding agreements, to ensure that the agency receives a license to funded publications sufficient for NSF to grant the public reuse rights.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-24-c5/c51","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/fd9b5763b0b54b41","nativeRecordCid":"027bf142-0d3e-4b12-be75-6b5cea0a7c00","documentId":"open-science-source-24-c5","id":"c51","text":"Requiring grantees to ensure the agency receives such a license, as a term and condition of funding, is the most straightforward approach that minimizes complexity and burden in compliance by grantee institutions and authors.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"license requirement approach simplicity","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"This is the most straightforward approach that minimizes complexity and burden in compliance by grantee institutions and authors.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-24-c5/c52","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/4d599c0d4c5943d9","nativeRecordCid":"5c31bbcc-6d34-4030-83a6-e484c26c1ec6","documentId":"open-science-source-24-c5","id":"c52","text":"NSF may rely on its existing authority under 2 CFR 200.315(b).","kind":"normative","modality":"may","actor":"NSF","subject":"NSF reliance on existing authority","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"NSF could rely on its existing authority under 2 CFR 200.315(b), or it could require grantees to ensure that NSF receives an analogous additional license that specifically provides the right to grant the public reuse rights to agency publications covered by the Public Access Policy.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-24-c5/c53","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/5797ced23b0448cb","nativeRecordCid":"d9b4c8a0-dd90-4d07-a13e-9c157c0fd370","documentId":"open-science-source-24-c5","id":"c53","text":"NSF may require grantees to ensure that NSF receives an analogous additional license that specifically provides the right to grant the public reuse rights to agency publications covered by the Public Access Policy.","kind":"normative","modality":"may","actor":"NSF","subject":"NSF requiring additional license from grantees","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"NSF could rely on its existing authority under 2 CFR 200.315(b), or it could require grantees to ensure that NSF receives an analogous additional license that specifically provides the right to grant the public reuse rights to agency publications covered by the Public Access Policy.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-24-c5/c54","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/249513375cbc472e","nativeRecordCid":"929fbe64-a398-48cc-91ca-45f4f83f8c3a","documentId":"open-science-source-24-c5","id":"c54","text":"Requiring that this additional license be granted as a term and condition of funding ensures that NSF receives its additional license at the moment the publication is created, which is how the longstanding federal purpose license operates.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"license timing at publication creation","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Requiring that this additional license be granted as a term and condition of funding ensures that NSF receives its additional license at the moment the publication is created, which is how the longstanding federal purpose license operates.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-24-c5/c55","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/45955a4a02364d94","nativeRecordCid":"95eb1baf-c27a-480d-ad4e-8feb27f9de84","documentId":"open-science-source-24-c5","id":"c55","text":"Even if an author from the grantee institution signs a publication agreement that conflicts with the agency's license, the agency's license remains intact, as is the case with the agency's federal purpose license.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"agency license integrity despite conflicting agreements","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"a publication agreement that conflicts with the agency’s license, the agency’s license remains intact, as is the case with the agency’s federal purpose license.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-24-c5/c56","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/fd1c9230dbd44a8b","nativeRecordCid":"1406d365-9c33-4560-b7bc-5d46ddddbb67","documentId":"open-science-source-24-c5","id":"c56","text":"NSF should develop author guidance and template language that can be attached to or included with the publication to indicate the publication is available under an open license such as the CC BY license or its functional equivalent.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"NSF","subject":"NSF author guidance development","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"We also recommend the agency develop author guidance and template language that can be attached to or included with the publication, either by the author or PAR staff, to indicate the publication is available under an open license such as the CC BY license or its functional equivalent.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-24-c6/c1","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/1f379f216ff84481","nativeRecordCid":"cf338941-69ef-4213-8e90-2e160f2ae2d2","documentId":"open-science-source-24-c6","id":"c1","text":"SPARC supports systems for research and education that are open by default and equitable by design.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"SPARC","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"I am writing on behalf of SPARC, a non-profit advocacy organization that supports systems for research and education that are open by default and equitable by design.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-24-c6/c2","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/edf8e0c325004000","nativeRecordCid":"c8a06236-edc6-448e-9521-85f54ddf156b","documentId":"open-science-source-24-c6","id":"c2","text":"Sharing knowledge is a human right.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"","subject":"sharing knowledge","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"We believe that sharing knowledge is a human right, and that everyone should be able to access, contribute to, and benefit from the knowledge that shapes our world.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-24-c6/c3","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/ecf0c7b1a6714ef3","nativeRecordCid":"25e50503-2f96-4d20-aff3-af7c2cb9d241","documentId":"open-science-source-24-c6","id":"c3","text":"Everyone should be able to access the knowledge that shapes our world.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"everyone","subject":"access to knowledge","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"We believe that sharing knowledge is a human right, and that everyone should be able to access, contribute to, and benefit from the knowledge that shapes our world.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-24-c6/c4","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/d62c98ac2ef54e85","nativeRecordCid":"a35b5f5b-c1f7-4980-a333-3e9347182146","documentId":"open-science-source-24-c6","id":"c4","text":"Everyone should be able to contribute to the knowledge that shapes our world.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"everyone","subject":"contribution to knowledge","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"We believe that sharing knowledge is a human right, and that everyone should be able to access, contribute to, and benefit from the knowledge that shapes our world.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-24-c6/c5","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/c9855316f28744c6","nativeRecordCid":"d5eeb734-59f0-4c42-a49a-803ef2fef26d","documentId":"open-science-source-24-c6","id":"c5","text":"Everyone should be able to benefit from the knowledge that shapes our world.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"everyone","subject":"benefit from knowledge","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"We believe that sharing knowledge is a human right, and that everyone should be able to access, contribute to, and benefit from the knowledge that shapes our world.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-24-c6/c6","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/d409c8969d7a46ec","nativeRecordCid":"b718d48c-08a3-4537-8475-3d1662a3355d","documentId":"open-science-source-24-c6","id":"c6","text":"Public access to USDA-funded research results is a critical component of USDA's mission to serve all Americans through science-based public policy and decision-making.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"public access to USDA-funded research results","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Public access to USDA-funded research results is a critical component of the agency’s mission to serve all Americans through science-based public policy and decision-making.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-24-c6/c7","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/078850577cc54885","nativeRecordCid":"bd7f6f19-092f-4e95-a690-445c79efe878","documentId":"open-science-source-24-c6","id":"c7","text":"USDA should ensure the implementation of its public access plan centers on equity.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"USDA","subject":"USDA's implementation of its plan","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"In furtherance of this mission, USDA should ensure the implementation of its plan centers equity and","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-24-c6/c8","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/885062e1ab5b475e","nativeRecordCid":"0b6644b9-4a80-4ad3-b273-4d9738beffde","documentId":"open-science-source-24-c6","id":"c8","text":"USDA should ensure the implementation of its public access plan centers on productive reuse.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"USDA","subject":"USDA's implementation of its plan","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"productive reuse so that everyone can access, contribute to, and benefit from the agency’s funded research.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-24-c6/c9","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/ee2cbaeba68d462a","nativeRecordCid":"b5862329-8d26-48a3-807a-430761e9d31d","documentId":"open-science-source-24-c6","id":"c9","text":"Equitable compliance options and policies that enable full reuse of scholarly publications are important features of successful public access policies.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"equitable compliance options and reuse policies","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Equitable compliance options and policies that enable full reuse of scholarly publications are important features of successful public access policies.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-24-c6/c10","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/4c585696de22401f","nativeRecordCid":"3027bafc-8c41-4b8f-ac03-8c53c4f44e96","documentId":"open-science-source-24-c6","id":"c10","text":"USDA should ensure authors can comply with its policy at no cost by depositing the author-accepted manuscript into PubAg or another agency-approved repository.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"USDA","subject":"author compliance at no cost","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"In particular, USDA should ensure authors can comply with its policy at **no cost** by depositing the author-accepted manuscript into PubAg or another agency-approved repository.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-24-c6/c11","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/13977bb684ac4dd2","nativeRecordCid":"2815b438-608d-49e5-811d-6c842f3f662a","documentId":"open-science-source-24-c6","id":"c11","text":"Federally funded publications, data, and other research outputs and their metadata should be findable to the American public and the scientific community in an equitable and secure manner.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"federally funded publications, data, and other research outputs and their metadata","subject":"federally funded research outputs and metadata","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"As the USDA works to develop policy on reuse rights and the federal purpose license, it should closely follow OSTP’s language in the Memorandum asking agencies to \"make federally funded publications, data, and other such research outputs and their metadata...findable, accessible, interoperable, and reusable to the American public and the scientific community in an equitable and secure manner.”","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-24-c6/c12","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/f3d9193af2d04846","nativeRecordCid":"e7522561-e82f-420d-8afa-35c98ae8e38b","documentId":"open-science-source-24-c6","id":"c12","text":"Federally funded publications, data, and other research outputs and their metadata should be accessible to the American public and the scientific community in an equitable and secure manner.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"federally funded publications, data, and other research outputs and their metadata","subject":"federally funded research outputs and metadata","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"As the USDA works to develop policy on reuse rights and the federal purpose license, it should closely follow OSTP’s language in the Memorandum asking agencies to \"make federally funded publications, data, and other such research outputs and their metadata...findable, accessible, interoperable, and reusable to the American public and the scientific community in an equitable and secure manner.”","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-24-c6/c13","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/8b24a572cc5d40ce","nativeRecordCid":"be3da7df-d519-4a51-a537-f3e604b33f79","documentId":"open-science-source-24-c6","id":"c13","text":"Federally funded publications, data, and other research outputs and their metadata should be interoperable for the American public and the scientific community in an equitable and secure manner.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"federally funded publications, data, and other research outputs and their metadata","subject":"federally funded research outputs and metadata","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"As the USDA works to develop policy on reuse rights and the federal purpose license, it should closely follow OSTP’s language in the Memorandum asking agencies to \"make federally funded publications, data, and other such research outputs and their metadata...findable, accessible, interoperable, and reusable to the American public and the scientific community in an equitable and secure manner.”","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-24-c6/c14","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/726a90d46a7f405f","nativeRecordCid":"d0710951-a8d8-4ad6-8770-72798ca03198","documentId":"open-science-source-24-c6","id":"c14","text":"Federally funded publications, data, and other research outputs and their metadata should be reusable to the American public and the scientific community in an equitable and secure manner.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"federally funded publications, data, and other research outputs and their metadata","subject":"federally funded research outputs and metadata","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"As the USDA works to develop policy on reuse rights and the federal purpose license, it should closely follow OSTP’s language in the Memorandum asking agencies to \"make federally funded publications, data, and other such research outputs and their metadata...findable, accessible, interoperable, and reusable to the American public and the scientific community in an equitable and secure manner.”","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-24-c6/c15","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/fd18a97b734b4b9a","nativeRecordCid":"d288c420-2546-4231-91fc-315287740ef9","documentId":"open-science-source-24-c6","id":"c15","text":"Publications resulting from USDA's funded research should carry full reuse rights, such as those provided by a CC BY 4.0 International License or its functional equivalent.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"publications resulting from USDA-funded research","subject":"reuse rights for USDA-funded publications","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"To meet these requirements, we recommend that USDA require that all publications resulting from its funded research carry full reuse rights, such as those provided by a CC BY 4.0 International License or its functional equivalent.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-24-c6/c16","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/141a7cf26fb242a6","nativeRecordCid":"e7ff1054-9f77-447a-a0a6-58e4c41bc056","documentId":"open-science-source-24-c6","id":"c16","text":"Publications and underlying data should be made available in machine-readable formats.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"publications and underlying data","subject":"machine-readable availability","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"We commend the plan for stating publications and underlying data will be made available in machine-readable formats and must have a digital persistent identifier (DPI or PID).","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-24-c6/c17","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/e9ae1c67d146409c","nativeRecordCid":"8c4369a7-e07c-47eb-b219-2e4de9d0e3d5","documentId":"open-science-source-24-c6","id":"c17","text":"Publications and underlying data must have a digital persistent identifier (DPI or PID).","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"publications and underlying data","subject":"digital persistent identifiers","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"We commend the plan for stating publications and underlying data will be made available in machine-readable formats and must have a digital persistent identifier (DPI or PID).","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-24-c6/c18","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/7d67dc60539a4e63","nativeRecordCid":"71f748c5-8f2d-4af3-ac44-77908a7291fc","documentId":"open-science-source-24-c6","id":"c18","text":"Researchers should have a digital persistent identifier such as an ORCID.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"researchers","subject":"researcher persistent identifiers","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"We also support the agency’s requirement that researchers have a DPI such as an ORCID.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-24-c6/c19","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/d17b75c107bb44bc","nativeRecordCid":"a8c35e88-b01a-40fd-82b7-43fb24458a65","documentId":"open-science-source-24-c6","id":"c19","text":"Digital persistent identifiers improve discoverability of research outputs.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"digital persistent identifiers","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"This will improve discoverability of these outputs.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-24-c6/c20","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/d093ad2eda9c40ac","nativeRecordCid":"6986eea0-f6ee-47c8-8bbb-85a4bb7b688c","documentId":"open-science-source-24-c6","id":"c20","text":"As a term and condition of funding agreements, grantees should ensure that USDA receives a license to agency publications sufficient for USDA to grant the public re-use rights.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"grantees","subject":"grantee licensing obligations","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"To be certain that all agency publications carry sufficient re-use rights, we suggest that USDA require grantees, as a term and condition of funding agreements, to ensure that the agency receives a license to agency publications sufficient for USDA to grant the public re-use rights.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-24-c6/c21","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/7b4ddc0b97564030","nativeRecordCid":"15f842dc-f7ef-4d6c-a101-f0c416908916","documentId":"open-science-source-24-c6","id":"c21","text":"Requiring grantees to provide such a license as a term and condition of funding agreements minimizes complexity and burden in compliance by grantee institutions and authors.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"license requirement as funding condition","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"This is the most straightforward approach that minimizes complexity and burden in compliance by grantee institutions and authors.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-24-c6/c22","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/94bb93a4551e491b","nativeRecordCid":"20a5c57a-3826-47bf-8319-8465e0885442","documentId":"open-science-source-24-c6","id":"c22","text":"USDA may rely on its existing federal purpose license under 2 C.F.R. § 200.315(b) to secure sufficient re-use rights.","kind":"normative","modality":"may","actor":"USDA","subject":"federal purpose license","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"To do this, the agency could rely on its existing federal purpose license under 2 C.F.R. § 200.315(b).","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-24-c6/c23","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/2d5b096b7e2e468a","nativeRecordCid":"1b934666-cab6-4626-95e6-1ac299fae89f","documentId":"open-science-source-24-c6","id":"c23","text":"Grantees should provide an additional license to USDA that specifically provides the right to grant public re-use rights to agency publications covered by the public access policy.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"grantees","subject":"additional license to USDA","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"For clarity, we suggest that USDA also require that grantees provide an additional license to USDA that specifically provides the right to grant the public re-use rights to agency publications covered by the public access policy.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-24-c6/c24","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/b8c60ee6aded49c6","nativeRecordCid":"8e9eb3a9-c2ca-4cbc-9481-fa82af7110e4","documentId":"open-science-source-24-c6","id":"c24","text":"Requiring the additional license as a term and condition of funding ensures the agency receives the license at the moment the scholarly publication is created.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"licensing at the moment of publication creation","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Requiring that this additional license be granted as a term and condition of funding ensures that the agency receives its additional license at the moment the scholarly publication is created, which is how the longstanding federal purpose license operates.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-24-c6/c25","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/2476b54589d94132","nativeRecordCid":"302cc383-57d1-4b63-befe-4f53aed857b0","documentId":"open-science-source-24-c6","id":"c25","text":"The federal purpose license operates by granting the funding agency its license at the moment the scholarly publication is created.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"federal purpose license mechanism","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Requiring that this additional license be granted as a term and condition of funding ensures that the agency receives its additional license at the moment the scholarly publication is created, which is how the longstanding federal purpose license operates.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-24-c6/c26","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/522b29a962fa41fe","nativeRecordCid":"0bd42ed7-5507-48ea-87dd-f2c6961b6712","documentId":"open-science-source-24-c6","id":"c26","text":"Even if an author from a grantee's institution signs a publication agreement that conflicts with the agency's license, the agency's license remains intact.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"agency's license under funding-condition licensing","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"In this way, even if an author from the grantee’s institution signs a publication agreement that conflicts with the agency’s license, the agency’s license remains intact, as is the case with the agency’s federal purpose license.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-24-c6/c27","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/a623f9f7b18e4a8f","nativeRecordCid":"db95a22c-1ddf-4f2c-8b78-f1080b4b428f","documentId":"open-science-source-24-c6","id":"c27","text":"USDA should develop template language, attachable to or included with the publication by the author or USDA staff, to indicate the publication is available under an open license.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"USDA","subject":"open-license template language","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"We also recommend the agency develop template language that can be attached to or included with the publication, either by the author or USDA staff, to indicate the publication is available","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-24-c6/c28","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/34b00ade7cba45ad","nativeRecordCid":"fa335955-f2f1-4913-9ae7-f68110cf7485","documentId":"open-science-source-24-c6","id":"c28","text":"USDA should be conscious of the costs associated with a for-profit repository provider.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"USDA","subject":"for-profit repository costs","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The agency should be conscious of the costs associated with a for-profit repository provider and ensure that researchers do not face financial barriers when submitting data to USDA’s Figshare-supported repository.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-24-c6/c29","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/f93b93af4263487e","nativeRecordCid":"67fdde36-be15-43bd-b74c-d8c5ebf00972","documentId":"open-science-source-24-c6","id":"c29","text":"USDA should ensure researchers do not face financial barriers when submitting data to USDA's Figshare-supported repository.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"USDA","subject":"financial barriers to data submission","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The agency should be conscious of the costs associated with a for-profit repository provider and ensure that researchers do not face financial barriers when submitting data to USDA’s Figshare-supported repository.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-24-c6/c30","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/181a5ea96f2a4d41","nativeRecordCid":"db912171-d69d-4379-a546-8b13f6b6e136","documentId":"open-science-source-24-c6","id":"c30","text":"USDA should be cognizant of data curation costs.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"USDA","subject":"data curation costs","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The agency should be cognizant of data curation costs and ensure researchers are aware of curation services beyond those provided by Figshare and other for-profit servicers.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-24-c6/c31","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/5b9c6d34166d44d4","nativeRecordCid":"8580562c-17d9-44c9-9956-75ff743fe583","documentId":"open-science-source-24-c6","id":"c31","text":"USDA should ensure researchers are aware of curation services beyond those provided by Figshare and other for-profit servicers.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"USDA","subject":"researcher awareness of curation services","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The agency should be cognizant of data curation costs and ensure researchers are aware of curation services beyond those provided by Figshare and other for-profit servicers.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-24-c6/c32","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/8c4f79e249da4ba1","nativeRecordCid":"9cc5f180-d6ab-4098-9a7a-4911ffa62ee9","documentId":"open-science-source-24-c6","id":"c32","text":"USDA should update its existing policy (DR 1020-006) to clearly communicate viable compliance paths and requirements to researchers and grantee institutions.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"USDA","subject":"DR 1020-006 policy update","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"To improve public access to the research it funds, the USDA should update its existing policy - (DR 1020 006) in key ways to clearly communicate viable compliance paths and requirements to both researchers and grantee institutions.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-24-c6/c33","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/ae62c073721c45e3","nativeRecordCid":"4e8c9d9e-5732-41b3-9ba9-9da9371eb928","documentId":"open-science-source-24-c6","id":"c33","text":"Authors of scholarly publications must not sign any agreements with journal publishers that do not allow the author to retain full reuse rights to the publication.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"authors of scholarly publications","subject":"authors' publication agreements","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Language under 6(g) in the DR 1020-006 should be updated to state “authors of scholarly publications will not sign any agreements with journal publishers that do not allow the author to _retain full reuse rights to the publication_ .”","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-24-c6/c34","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/3905a4ef3c4b4402","nativeRecordCid":"b814a40d-1641-40df-9991-eaa5e7f14c6a","documentId":"open-science-source-24-c6","id":"c34","text":"The sections referencing scientific data in DR 1020-006 should be updated to reference the NSTC's Desirable Characteristics of Data Repositories.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"USDA","subject":"DR 1020-006 scientific data sections","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The current sections referencing scientific data should also be updated to reference the National Science & Technology Committee’s (NSTC) Desirable Characteristics of Data Repositories.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-24-c6/c35","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/595b2c1f5b1e46a1","nativeRecordCid":"2dd7eade-27b3-4517-97d9-ca2f3d1f76c8","documentId":"open-science-source-24-c6","id":"c35","text":"USDA should consider updates to the definitions in DR 1020-006 to avoid confusion and strengthen its commitment to public access.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"USDA","subject":"DR 1020-006 definitions","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"USDA should consider updates to the definitions in DR 1020-006 to avoid confusion and strengthen its commitment to public access.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-24-c6/c36","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/900690843fe94aa3","nativeRecordCid":"479b989d-1aa2-4dd1-a608-c16846564caa","documentId":"open-science-source-24-c6","id":"c36","text":"USDA should remove \"trustworthy\" in reference to the Version of Record from its definition of \"Final Peer-reviewed Accepted Manuscript.\"","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"USDA","subject":"definition of Final Peer-reviewed Accepted Manuscript","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Remove “trustworthy” in reference to the Version of Record (VoR) from its definition of “Final Peer-reviewed Accepted Manuscript.”","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-24-c6/c37","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/4f11cb347d68429e","nativeRecordCid":"bcf5c7fd-32cc-4167-bf68-f2449ab5bd87","documentId":"open-science-source-24-c6","id":"c37","text":"The Final Peer-reviewed Accepted Manuscript is not any less trustworthy than the Version of Record.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"Final Peer-reviewed Accepted Manuscript","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The Final Peer-reviewed Accepted Manuscript is not any less trustworthy than the VoR, and researchers should not be dissuaded from submitting the former for compliance.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-24-c6/c38","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/2b70e164bd9c45e1","nativeRecordCid":"c26ad825-65d4-4bf8-a847-06bffed639cd","documentId":"open-science-source-24-c6","id":"c38","text":"Researchers should not be dissuaded from submitting the Final Peer-reviewed Accepted Manuscript for compliance.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"","subject":"submission of Final Peer-reviewed Accepted Manuscript","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The Final Peer-reviewed Accepted Manuscript is not any less trustworthy than the VoR, and researchers should not be dissuaded from submitting the former for compliance.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-24-c6/c39","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/dfd6360a23084848","nativeRecordCid":"cf02880e-b3e4-4424-837c-93eedd8c469b","documentId":"open-science-source-24-c6","id":"c39","text":"USDA should combine the definitions for \"Digital Object Identifier\" and \"Digital Persistent Identifier\" instead of listing them separately.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"USDA","subject":"DOI and DPI definitions","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Combine the definitions for “Digital Object Identifier” and “Digital Persistent Identifier” instead of listing them separately and incorporate the use of “Persistent Identifiers (PIDs)” as the more commonly used term to avoid confusion for researchers.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-24-c6/c40","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/5880ab185f064bd3","nativeRecordCid":"a580d1e5-798e-4d7f-8300-47f84912724a","documentId":"open-science-source-24-c6","id":"c40","text":"USDA should incorporate the use of \"Persistent Identifiers (PIDs)\" as the more commonly used term to avoid confusion for researchers.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"USDA","subject":"terminology of Persistent Identifiers","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Combine the definitions for “Digital Object Identifier” and “Digital Persistent Identifier” instead of listing them separately and incorporate the use of “Persistent Identifiers (PIDs)” as the more commonly used term to avoid confusion for researchers.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-24-c6/c41","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/19a313f5cd17401f","nativeRecordCid":"34611e09-680a-49a0-b041-0aa636dbd0ca","documentId":"open-science-source-24-c6","id":"c41","text":"DPIs are also known as PIDs.","kind":"definitional","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"DPI terminology","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"We suggest stating that DPIs are also known as PIDs and that a DOI is a type of PID.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-24-c6/c42","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/4151d6a70d214503","nativeRecordCid":"d28a5417-eaa4-4e14-ae52-82037b666550","documentId":"open-science-source-24-c6","id":"c42","text":"A DOI is a type of PID.","kind":"definitional","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"DOI as a type of PID","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"We suggest stating that DPIs are also known as PIDs and that a DOI is a type of PID.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-24-c6/c43","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/7bf9447086dc4a0e","nativeRecordCid":"ebe415bf-9b4a-4a57-a5a3-cda0a8d723a7","documentId":"open-science-source-24-c6","id":"c43","text":"USDA's definition of persistent identifiers should be aligned with the NSTC's and OSTP's guidance and policy implementing NSPM-33.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"USDA","subject":"persistent identifier definition alignment","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"This single definition should then be aligned with the NSTC’s and OSTP’s guidance and policy implementing NSPM-33.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-24-c6/c44","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/d7ae22cab58b41d8","nativeRecordCid":"b744124e-291e-4bac-9077-7a9b8013016d","documentId":"open-science-source-24-c6","id":"c44","text":"PID providers used under USDA's policy must be an open, non-proprietary, researcher-driven platform, per NSPM-33 Implementation Guidance.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"PID providers used in USDA's policy","subject":"PID provider requirements","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"In particular, USDA’s policy should require the use of PIDs that meet the NSPM-33 Implementation Guidance requirement that their provider be an “open, non-proprietary, researcher-driven platform.”","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-24-c6/c45","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/18cd956bc6f7448a","nativeRecordCid":"4fc8113c-f5d7-4ddd-9c03-9bffd2673402","documentId":"open-science-source-24-c6","id":"c45","text":"Equity should be ensured in contributing to the results of federally funded research.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"","subject":"equity in contributing to research results","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"SPARC strongly supports the OSTP Memorandum’s emphasis on ensuring equity in contributing to, accessing, and benefitting from the results of federally funded research, and we appreciate USDA’s specific attention to this issue in its request for information.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-24-c6/c46","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/e34b8fbec62b40b5","nativeRecordCid":"e19d59a3-9e8e-4fb2-9390-5c85c8ab64f6","documentId":"open-science-source-24-c6","id":"c46","text":"Equity should be ensured in accessing the results of federally funded research.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"","subject":"equity in accessing research results","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"SPARC strongly supports the OSTP Memorandum’s emphasis on ensuring equity in contributing to, accessing, and benefitting from the results of federally funded research, and we appreciate USDA’s specific attention to this issue in its request for information.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-24-c6/c47","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/2522c59bd63a4e79","nativeRecordCid":"b1fe9b9b-409b-4a95-85d5-ed60300ec9fc","documentId":"open-science-source-24-c6","id":"c47","text":"Equity should be ensured in benefitting from the results of federally funded research.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"","subject":"equity in benefitting from research results","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"SPARC strongly supports the OSTP Memorandum’s emphasis on ensuring equity in contributing to, accessing, and benefitting from the results of federally funded research, and we appreciate USDA’s specific attention to this issue in its request for information.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-24-c6/c48","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/f5a601fa72b74cbf","nativeRecordCid":"017763b0-2762-4fd3-8511-db27c8c1a605","documentId":"open-science-source-24-c6","id":"c48","text":"USDA should provide authors with compliance options that do not present financial barriers.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"USDA","subject":"authors' compliance options","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"USDA should provide authors with compliance options that do not present financial barriers.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-24-c6/c49","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/91c22e132dd54581","nativeRecordCid":"1d200979-375f-42f1-a2c3-cf6ff3c5133d","documentId":"open-science-source-24-c6","id":"c49","text":"USDA should clarify that any fee an author may be asked to pay is a publication fee and not a fee required by the agency for compliance.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"USDA","subject":"clarification of publication fees vs compliance fees","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Further, USDA should clarify that any fee an author may be asked to pay is a publication fee and not a fee required by the agency for compliance.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-24-c6/c50","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/31dc493b7c5c497a","nativeRecordCid":"13d09814-a3eb-4fa8-81c1-107f62873c3a","documentId":"open-science-source-24-c6","id":"c50","text":"Authors must not conflate compliance with the public access policy with article processing charges (APCs).","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"authors","subject":"compliance versus APCs","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"It is critical that authors do not conflate compliance with article processing charges (APCs), which create significant barriers for less-well-resourced authors and institutions to make their research available.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-24-c6/c51","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/e36a5f65260f40ac","nativeRecordCid":"623bb775-6034-4750-99de-fe37d963fa10","documentId":"open-science-source-24-c6","id":"c51","text":"Article processing charges create significant barriers for less-well-resourced authors and institutions to make their research available.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"article processing charges (APCs)","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"It is critical that authors do not conflate compliance with article processing charges (APCs), which create significant barriers for less-well-resourced authors and institutions to make their research available.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-24-c6/c52","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/667817831c47417d","nativeRecordCid":"a9a141d4-c564-480c-a5c2-b85d1af372c5","documentId":"open-science-source-24-c6","id":"c52","text":"USDA should highlight the diversity of publication models available to authors who may face financial barriers in paying for APCs, including Subscribe to Open and Diamond Open Access.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"USDA","subject":"diverse publication models","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"USDA should also highlight the diversity of publication models available to authors who may face financial barriers in paying for APCs—including Subscribe to Open (S2O) and Diamond Open Access.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-24-c6/c53","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/c3593b2e47d741e7","nativeRecordCid":"a0be29ab-91b2-4697-9d26-ed42058a454d","documentId":"open-science-source-24-c6","id":"c53","text":"USDA's efforts to ensure equity in publication opportunities for its investigators align with the work of the NSTC's Subcommittee on Equitable Data.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"USDA equity efforts and NSTC Subcommittee","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"USDA’s efforts to ensure equity in publication opportunities for its investigators naturally align with the critical work of the NSTC’s Subcommittee on Equitable Data.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-24-c6/c54","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/ea011dfebd9b4f37","nativeRecordCid":"c921f562-55e5-4440-b013-e694076dde71","documentId":"open-science-source-24-c6","id":"c54","text":"Capacity for robust equity assessment for policymaking and program implementation should be built.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"","subject":"equity assessment capacity","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"SPARC strongly supports the Subcommittee’s recommendation to “Build Capacity for Robust Equity Assessment for Policymaking and Program Implementation,” and we recommend USDA coordinate the implementation of its public access plan with the NSTC Subcommittee and USDA’s Equity Action Plan.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-24-c6/c55","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/113b5e17b50947be","nativeRecordCid":"1227284b-12c2-4a0b-893a-392f217f9f6f","documentId":"open-science-source-24-c6","id":"c55","text":"USDA should coordinate the implementation of its public access plan with the NSTC Subcommittee and USDA's Equity Action Plan.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"USDA","subject":"coordination of public access plan","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"SPARC strongly supports the Subcommittee’s recommendation to “Build Capacity for Robust Equity Assessment for Policymaking and Program Implementation,” and we recommend USDA coordinate the implementation of its public access plan with the NSTC Subcommittee and USDA’s Equity Action Plan.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-24-c6/c56","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/26c71765838a48bb","nativeRecordCid":"76d3beb9-e9aa-43e5-ac69-d814c98a02c0","documentId":"open-science-source-24-c6","id":"c56","text":"USDA should consider engaging with the National Academies' Roundtable on Aligning Incentives for Open Scholarship to promote the growth of sustainable, equitable open scholarship policies and practices.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"USDA","subject":"engagement with National Academies Roundtable","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"USDA should also consider engaging with the National Academies’ Roundtable on Aligning Incentives for Open Scholarship to promote the growth of sustainable, equitable open scholarship policies and practices.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-24-c6/c57","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/f824cc3c0f07431e","nativeRecordCid":"f75bb500-daf1-4802-a2fd-b9a149569e9b","documentId":"open-science-source-24-c6","id":"c57","text":"USDA should engage with the Higher Education Leadership Initiative for Open Scholarship (HELIOS Open) to align its grant review process with efforts to recognize more equitable research sharing activities.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"USDA","subject":"engagement with HELIOS Open","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"We also recommend the agency engage with the Higher Education Leadership Initiative for Open Scholarship (HELIOS Open) to align its grant review process with efforts to recognize more equitable research sharing activities.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-24-c6/c58","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/d783658ca1fe478c","nativeRecordCid":"355101fd-dbd0-4bff-95ef-e88df3576c2e","documentId":"open-science-source-24-c6","id":"c58","text":"USDA should consider working with institutional and other non-federal repositories through the U.S. Repository Network (USRN) to expand where manuscripts, final published articles, and data can be deposited and accessed beyond PubAg or Ag Data Commons.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"USDA","subject":"working with institutional repositories via USRN","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"We recommend USDA consider working with institutional and other non-federal repositories through the U.S. Repository Network (USRN) to expand where manuscripts, final published articles, and data can be deposited and accessed beyond PubAg or Ag Data Commons.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-24-c6/c59","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/709ea257f3f7498c","nativeRecordCid":"b40181ff-53b5-49e7-a6dc-c0c0df49df86","documentId":"open-science-source-24-c6","id":"c59","text":"Institutional repositories run by libraries and other research institutions generally do not charge authors to deposit articles, manuscripts, or data.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"institutional repositories","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Institutional repositories run by libraries and other research institutions generally do not charge authors to deposit articles, manuscripts, or data.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-24-c6/c60","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/f5189224e3654be2","nativeRecordCid":"8fa1ec64-98b3-4406-abd3-7de45b038fb8","documentId":"open-science-source-24-c6","id":"c60","text":"Institutional repositories can play an important role in easing compliance burdens on authors.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"institutional repositories","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"They can play an important role in easing compliance burdens on authors, improving discoverability of research outputs, and providing long-term preservation support.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-24-c6/c61","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/b4f2ac1a195b48c1","nativeRecordCid":"1b0e1d94-42ca-4e05-9464-166ee744d886","documentId":"open-science-source-24-c6","id":"c61","text":"Institutional repositories can play an important role in improving discoverability of research outputs.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"institutional repositories","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"They can play an important role in easing compliance burdens on authors, improving discoverability of research outputs, and providing long-term preservation support.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-24-c6/c62","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/f9018b4a514e4715","nativeRecordCid":"acffd79a-ca89-4d8c-85db-926e31c00a61","documentId":"open-science-source-24-c6","id":"c62","text":"Institutional repositories can play an important role in providing long-term preservation support.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"institutional repositories","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"They can play an important role in easing compliance burdens on authors, improving discoverability of research outputs, and providing long-term preservation support.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-24-c6/c63","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/9cd0e526e3c145f8","nativeRecordCid":"9afa0c96-f748-4edf-b9c5-67090c1dd75b","documentId":"open-science-source-24-c6","id":"c63","text":"Institutional repositories can serve as an important connection point between agricultural research and practitioners.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"institutional repositories","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"They can also serve as an important connection point between agricultural research and practitioners, given the strong community relationships institutions have through their extension offices.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-24-c6/c64","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/65c26af55d1c4da7","nativeRecordCid":"7cb02e4d-59b2-4617-86c6-8f97be89e669","documentId":"open-science-source-24-c6","id":"c64","text":"USDA should allow for the deposit of publications into other repositories beyond PubAg.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"USDA","subject":"deposit of publications beyond PubAg","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Specifically, we recommend the USDA allow for the deposit of publications into other repositories beyond PubAg, and we suggest that it utilize the guidance set out in the USRN’s Desirable Characteristics of Digital Publications Repositories and NSTC’s Desirable Characteristics of Data Repositories .","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-24-c6/c65","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/a5a773eae243400b","nativeRecordCid":"e67f18c9-bb9d-4262-a6eb-d5adcbad5ed9","documentId":"open-science-source-24-c6","id":"c65","text":"USDA should utilize the guidance set out in the USRN's Desirable Characteristics of Digital Publications Repositories and NSTC's Desirable Characteristics of Data Repositories.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"USDA","subject":"repository characteristics guidance","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Specifically, we recommend the USDA allow for the deposit of publications into other repositories beyond PubAg, and we suggest that it utilize the guidance set out in the USRN’s Desirable Characteristics of Digital Publications Repositories and NSTC’s Desirable Characteristics of Data Repositories .","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-24-c6/c66","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/45a2693e4a8b43c0","nativeRecordCid":"dd6b22f7-365b-44a4-a67c-267c8414e690","documentId":"open-science-source-24-c6","id":"c66","text":"Evaluation-related pressures can cause funded authors to feel they need to publish in a particular journal that requires an APC to make the article publicly available.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"evaluation-related pressures on authors","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Due to evaluation-related pressures, some funded authors may feel that they need to publish in a particular journal that requires an APC to make the article publicly available.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-24-c6/c67","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/72055efb0f3c4db0","nativeRecordCid":"36539c33-81ec-416b-94aa-45feb318d421","documentId":"open-science-source-24-c6","id":"c67","text":"APC costs disproportionately affect younger researchers.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"APC costs","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"These APC barriers are extremely troubling from an equity perspective, as studies have documented that APC costs disproportionately affect younger researchers, female researchers, and those at less well-funded institutions.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-24-c6/c68","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/2352e69f375549c4","nativeRecordCid":"9ce49c8c-ba4d-45cb-9910-2f697dc7fcd9","documentId":"open-science-source-24-c6","id":"c68","text":"APC costs disproportionately affect female researchers.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"APC costs","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"These APC barriers are extremely troubling from an equity perspective, as studies have documented that APC costs disproportionately affect younger researchers, female researchers, and those at less well-funded institutions.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-24-c6/c69","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/bd08d8707752475d","nativeRecordCid":"ce235fd7-0a46-4d7e-a1fa-d9821bce0b33","documentId":"open-science-source-24-c6","id":"c69","text":"APC costs disproportionately affect researchers at less well-funded institutions.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"APC costs","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"These APC barriers are extremely troubling from an equity perspective, as studies have documented that APC costs disproportionately affect younger researchers, female researchers, and those at less well-funded institutions.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-24-c6/c70","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/017c227934e54d0f","nativeRecordCid":"4d239ccd-7712-4490-a8f8-a34be0c2d7db","documentId":"open-science-source-24-c6","id":"c70","text":"USDA should establish a baseline understanding of the environment by collecting data on the number and makeup of its current funding recipients who are charging publication fees (APCs) as direct costs to their research grants.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"USDA","subject":"baseline data collection on APC charges","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"USDA should establish a baseline understanding of the environment by collecting data on the number and makeup of its current funding recipients who are charging publication fees (APCs) as direct costs to their research grants and analyze that data across different types of institutions and disciplines (e.g., 1890 HBCUs, 1994 tribal colleges and universities, - EPSCoR eligible institutions, researchers in less-well-resourced disciplines, etc.).","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-24-c6/c71","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/0b6226a9afd64ae9","nativeRecordCid":"629a0392-df89-4410-8adb-560ca51ff947","documentId":"open-science-source-24-c6","id":"c71","text":"USDA should analyze APC funding-recipient data across different types of institutions and disciplines.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"USDA","subject":"analysis of APC data by institution/discipline","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"USDA should establish a baseline understanding of the environment by collecting data on the number and makeup of its current funding recipients who are charging publication fees (APCs) as direct costs to their research grants and analyze that data across different types of institutions and disciplines (e.g., 1890 HBCUs, 1994 tribal colleges and universities, - EPSCoR eligible institutions, researchers in less-well-resourced disciplines, etc.).","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-24-c6/c72","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/1560b7d9117a429d","nativeRecordCid":"66871e37-cdc2-49bc-a37f-2707cb3b086f","documentId":"open-science-source-24-c6","id":"c72","text":"If significant numbers of funded authors are reimbursing APC costs from their grants, USDA should review the agency's efforts around equitable compliance mechanisms.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"USDA","subject":"review of equitable compliance mechanisms","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"If significant numbers of funded authors are reimbursing APC costs from their grants, USDA should review the agency’s efforts around equitable compliance mechanisms.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-24-c6/c73","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/656ea972842c46d3","nativeRecordCid":"9b646987-eac4-4b3e-90fb-ea7a42593214","documentId":"open-science-source-24-c6","id":"c73","text":"USDA should track and release usage statistics of PubAg and share with the public the number of times articles have been accessed and downloaded.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"USDA","subject":"PubAg usage statistics transparency","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"USDA should also track and release usage statistics of PubAg and share with the public the amount of times articles have been accessed and downloaded.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-24-c7/c1","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/b9e743aac33a4711","nativeRecordCid":"bef94427-0d2f-4417-9cd8-63e74b516766","documentId":"open-science-source-24-c7","id":"c1","text":"Sharing knowledge is a human right.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"","subject":"sharing knowledge","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"We believe that sharing knowledge is a human right, and that everyone should be able to access, contribute to, and benefit from the knowledge that shapes our world.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-24-c7/c2","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/74ccc8db882f4fb1","nativeRecordCid":"4702c7ff-e802-4e59-87ea-5d479c8e863f","documentId":"open-science-source-24-c7","id":"c2","text":"Everyone should be able to access the knowledge that shapes our world.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"","subject":"access to knowledge","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"We believe that sharing knowledge is a human right, and that everyone should be able to access, contribute to, and benefit from the knowledge that shapes our world.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-24-c7/c3","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/d0d6283c99074c29","nativeRecordCid":"0fc6a34f-eda8-4986-ac82-d5b45b797377","documentId":"open-science-source-24-c7","id":"c3","text":"Everyone should be able to contribute to the knowledge that shapes our world.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"","subject":"contribution to knowledge","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"We believe that sharing knowledge is a human right, and that everyone should be able to access, contribute to, and benefit from the knowledge that shapes our world.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-24-c7/c4","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/73894b079cd144dc","nativeRecordCid":"de62f089-3187-4fd5-923b-4c5f230cc0bb","documentId":"open-science-source-24-c7","id":"c4","text":"Everyone should be able to benefit from the knowledge that shapes our world.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"","subject":"benefiting from knowledge","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"We believe that sharing knowledge is a human right, and that everyone should be able to access, contribute to, and benefit from the knowledge that shapes our world.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-24-c7/c5","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/e2caf2ac05b44e4e","nativeRecordCid":"dd25160d-7cf3-4969-9688-90f3fe84bac2","documentId":"open-science-source-24-c7","id":"c5","text":"The research community, specifically libraries, encompass a breadth of expertise in research output sharing and management.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"libraries","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The research community, specifically libraries, encompass a breadth of expertise in research output sharing and management.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-24-c7/c6","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/3bba232f0d67443c","nativeRecordCid":"ffe9fdd1-898c-4d76-adc0-bd7aad17b24a","documentId":"open-science-source-24-c7","id":"c6","text":"The Census Bureau should consult with experts in its own library to identify and promote best practices for managing public access to publications and data specific to the Bureau's community of researchers.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"Census Bureau","subject":"consulting library experts","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"We recommend the Census Bureau consult with experts in its own library to identify and promote best practices for managing public access to publications and data specific to the Bureau’s community of researchers.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-24-c7/c7","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/aac76000b5354d7c","nativeRecordCid":"d2e4fd4d-1c3b-4ead-b2a6-69ab844b6301","documentId":"open-science-source-24-c7","id":"c7","text":"Funder policies should allow grantees to comply by depositing their author accepted manuscript into a repository.","kind":"normative","modality":"may","actor":"funders","subject":"grantee compliance via repository deposit","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Grantees should be able to comply with funder policies by depositing their author accepted manuscript into a repository (discussed in Questions 2 & 3 below)","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-24-c7/c8","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/2bbdf286c6d8424f","nativeRecordCid":"7080d45f-ade0-4332-bb90-f0cb4b5b35b3","documentId":"open-science-source-24-c7","id":"c8","text":"Scholarly publications should carry full reuse rights, such as those provided by a CC BY 4.0 International License or its functional equivalent.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"","subject":"scholarly publications reuse rights","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Scholarly publications should carry full reuse rights, such as those provided by a CC BY 4.0 International License or its functional equivalent","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-24-c7/c9","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/d6e432de073b481b","nativeRecordCid":"0345a3d2-6b9e-4c6a-9562-6071ef51fdc8","documentId":"open-science-source-24-c7","id":"c9","text":"Scholarly publications should be assigned globally unique and persistent identifiers.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"","subject":"scholarly publications identifiers","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Scholarly publications and data should be assigned globally unique and persistent identifers","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-24-c7/c10","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/e9979ae058604e9a","nativeRecordCid":"4d437d3e-5179-4906-b044-e201b2fa0c45","documentId":"open-science-source-24-c7","id":"c10","text":"Data should be assigned globally unique and persistent identifiers.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"","subject":"data identifiers","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Scholarly publications and data should be assigned globally unique and persistent identifers","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-24-c7/c11","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/8e813c2d77eb4e4e","nativeRecordCid":"69f75ad8-93b5-466b-a14b-114b38cde90a","documentId":"open-science-source-24-c7","id":"c11","text":"The NASA TOPS initiative has developed an Open Science 101 Curriculum that anyone can use to improve their understanding of open science workflows.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"NASA TOPS Open Science 101 Curriculum","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"the NASA TOPS initiative has developed an Open Science 101 Curriculum that anyone can use to improve their understanding of open science workflows and gain the skills needed to share their research effectively.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-24-c7/c12","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/b6d58a632e3c442f","nativeRecordCid":"eb055b9b-de5d-4c24-89da-94bdb0d7e7b9","documentId":"open-science-source-24-c7","id":"c12","text":"The NASA TOPS initiative has developed an Open Science 101 Curriculum that anyone can use to gain the skills needed to share their research effectively.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"NASA TOPS Open Science 101 Curriculum","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"the NASA TOPS initiative has developed an Open Science 101 Curriculum that anyone can use to improve their understanding of open science workflows and gain the skills needed to share their research effectively.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-24-c7/c13","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/b005623bf649450e","nativeRecordCid":"c03fba50-554f-4d90-b83b-b72f7caa0dcd","documentId":"open-science-source-24-c7","id":"c13","text":"The Open Science 101 Curriculum draws from existing best practices from academia, industry, and other stakeholder communities.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"Open Science 101 Curriculum","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The curriculum draws from existing best practices from academia, industry, and other stakeholder communities.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-24-c7/c14","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/2afad41252b6452e","nativeRecordCid":"25944b25-5825-4589-9c77-83a9c6ea7183","documentId":"open-science-source-24-c7","id":"c14","text":"The Open Science 101 Curriculum is a valuable resource for intramural and extramural researchers and federal government staff working on research sharing.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"Open Science 101 Curriculum","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"It is a valuable resource for intramural and extramural researchers and federal government staff working on research sharing.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-24-c7/c15","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/d62178a180054a6a","nativeRecordCid":"6692ce25-7e50-441f-abee-3db4b85090a8","documentId":"open-science-source-24-c7","id":"c15","text":"Costs are a primary concern and challenge for institutions and authors, especially related to the payment of article processing charges required by some journals to make an article publicly available.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"costs of publication","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Costs are a primary concern and challenge for institutions and authors, especially related to the payment of article processing charges (APCs) required by some journals to make an article publicly available i.e., pay-to-publish models.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-24-c7/c16","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/9b354b6b178c404d","nativeRecordCid":"961f8772-accc-4e08-8e2d-6b0a082ec368","documentId":"open-science-source-24-c7","id":"c16","text":"It is a common misconception in the research community that an APC must be paid to make an article publicly available.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"misconception about APCs","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"It is a common misconception in the research community that an APC must be paid to make an article publicly available.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-24-c7/c17","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/1fce76693f394764","nativeRecordCid":"b015fda1-65e6-4d74-8ae2-f2dca066ac2c","documentId":"open-science-source-24-c7","id":"c17","text":"Researchers must be aware of the equitable compliance option available to them of depositing their author accepted manuscript into a Bureau's approved repository at no cost.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"researchers","subject":"awareness of no-cost compliance option","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Hence, it is critically important that researchers are aware of the equitable compliance option available to them: depositing their author accepted manuscript into a Bureau’s approved repository at **no cost** .","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-24-c7/c18","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/e86ef40ac7f94dda","nativeRecordCid":"24fa3e50-6519-40af-bf76-5e3a40695865","documentId":"open-science-source-24-c7","id":"c18","text":"The Census Bureau should make it clear in its plan and public access policy that authors have a no-cost compliance option.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"Census Bureau","subject":"no-cost compliance option disclosure","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The Census Bureau should make it clear in its plan and public access policy that authors have this no-cost compliance option and that any fee charged to them by a publisher is a publication fee, not a compliance fee required by the Bureau.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-24-c7/c19","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/e7e917403501468a","nativeRecordCid":"5ae3ddd1-c872-48c9-bf89-867bda365a16","documentId":"open-science-source-24-c7","id":"c19","text":"The Census Bureau should make it clear that any fee charged to authors by a publisher is a publication fee, not a compliance fee required by the Bureau.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"Census Bureau","subject":"publication fee versus compliance fee disclosure","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The Census Bureau should make it clear in its plan and public access policy that authors have this no-cost compliance option and that any fee charged to them by a publisher is a publication fee, not a compliance fee required by the Bureau.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-24-c7/c20","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/946d7e7a6ee946c4","nativeRecordCid":"a93fe2a9-0197-4df5-8c8d-1d9511f655df","documentId":"open-science-source-24-c7","id":"c20","text":"Costs related to data sharing and management are also a challenge facing institutions and authors.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"data sharing costs","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Costs related to data sharing and management are also a challenge facing institutions and authors.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-24-c7/c21","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/3e8ebaf04dc9484a","nativeRecordCid":"99f956df-f484-49ee-99e3-aaf99d32b35f","documentId":"open-science-source-24-c7","id":"c21","text":"The costs associated with data vary significantly based on type and discipline.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"data costs variation","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"While the costs associated with data vary significantly based on type and discipline, federal bureaus and agencies have an opportunity to collaborate with each other and non-federal entities around shared data infrastructure and cost-sharing measures to address these challenges.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-24-c7/c22","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/c9aa6c7ca67049fd","nativeRecordCid":"9e7dcdca-a3a8-40a4-be1f-00f65d0a7efa","documentId":"open-science-source-24-c7","id":"c22","text":"Federal bureaus and agencies have an opportunity to collaborate with each other and non-federal entities around shared data infrastructure and cost-sharing measures to address data sharing cost challenges.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"federal collaboration on data infrastructure costs","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"While the costs associated with data vary significantly based on type and discipline, federal bureaus and agencies have an opportunity to collaborate with each other and non-federal entities around shared data infrastructure and cost-sharing measures to address these challenges.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-24-c7/c23","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/b0eeea90560e4a1e","nativeRecordCid":"90f36b67-25c3-46c7-a0ba-68ec53556aec","documentId":"open-science-source-24-c7","id":"c23","text":"The challenge of equitable compliance is exacerbated when funded authors feel pressure to publish in a particular journal that may require the payment of an article processing charge to make the article publicly available.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"equitable compliance challenge","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"This challenge is exacerbated when funded authors feel pressure to publish in a particular journal that may require the payment of an article processing charge (APC) to make the article publicly available.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-24-c7/c24","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/c5c0dbae89c3496f","nativeRecordCid":"692b6f4e-fff7-430d-876b-29f05cd3cfee","documentId":"open-science-source-24-c7","id":"c24","text":"APC costs disproportionately affect younger researchers.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"APC costs and younger researchers","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"This is an especially troubling challenge from an equity perspective as studies have documented that APC costs disproportionately affect younger researchers, female researchers, and those at less well-funded institutions.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-24-c7/c25","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/e42233bfdf6f4820","nativeRecordCid":"7efecd5f-372d-4a97-be94-214d1b04fea1","documentId":"open-science-source-24-c7","id":"c25","text":"APC costs disproportionately affect female researchers.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"APC costs and female researchers","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"This is an especially troubling challenge from an equity perspective as studies have documented that APC costs disproportionately affect younger researchers, female researchers, and those at less well-funded institutions.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-24-c7/c26","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/c12d5ee1f1c943db","nativeRecordCid":"491814a5-5b8f-4517-af89-a338bb9b9d92","documentId":"open-science-source-24-c7","id":"c26","text":"APC costs disproportionately affect researchers at less well-funded institutions.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"APC costs and less well-funded institutions","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"This is an especially troubling challenge from an equity perspective as studies have documented that APC costs disproportionately affect younger researchers, female researchers, and those at less well-funded institutions.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-24-c7/c27","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/7245f410d94549d8","nativeRecordCid":"c85047d4-f857-4a02-bb38-040a2b70eae7","documentId":"open-science-source-24-c7","id":"c27","text":"The Census Bureau should provide authors with compliance options that do not present financial barriers.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"Census Bureau","subject":"compliance options without financial barriers","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The Census Bureau should provide authors with compliance options that do not present financial barriers.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-24-c7/c28","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/eab3f3f4cb5b44ad","nativeRecordCid":"9fc16a11-63a5-4ead-a917-ae48e39af26b","documentId":"open-science-source-24-c7","id":"c28","text":"The Census Bureau's public access policy, associated guidance, and communications to researchers should clearly state that authors can fully comply with its public access policy at no cost by depositing their author's accepted manuscripts into the Bureau's agency-approved repositories.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"Census Bureau","subject":"policy statement of no-cost compliance","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"To this end, Census Bureau’s public access policy, associated guidance, and communications to researchers should clearly state that authors can fully comply with its public access policy at **no cost** by depositing their author’s accepted manuscripts into the Bureau’s agency-approved repositories.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-24-c7/c29","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/089f8b9eb58847d0","nativeRecordCid":"a263acd2-5352-474b-a0fa-d97de9d1d55f","documentId":"open-science-source-24-c7","id":"c29","text":"Authors must not conflate compliance with APCs.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"authors","subject":"conflating compliance with APCs","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"It is critical that authors do not conflate compliance with APCs.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-24-c7/c30","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/1b15ece755334587","nativeRecordCid":"076d8fb9-75c0-469c-9013-e89cef015661","documentId":"open-science-source-24-c7","id":"c30","text":"The Census Bureau should highlight the diversity of publication models available to authors who may face financial barriers in paying for APCs, including Subscribe to Open and Diamond Open Access.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"Census Bureau","subject":"diversity of publication models","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The Census Bureau should also highlight the diversity of publication models available to authors who may face financial barriers in paying for APCs—including Subscribe to Open (S2O) and Diamond Open Access.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-24-c7/c31","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/453e3750283c4e3b","nativeRecordCid":"43ee0e02-d50c-463f-bde7-5116bf5c6219","documentId":"open-science-source-24-c7","id":"c31","text":"The Census Bureau's efforts to ensure equity in publication opportunities for employees and non-employees naturally align with the critical work of the NSTC's Subcommittee on Equitable Data.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"alignment with NSTC Subcommittee on Equitable Data","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The Census Bureau’s efforts to ensure equity in publication opportunities for employees and non-employees naturally align with the critical work of the NSTC’s Subcommittee on Equitable Data.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-24-c7/c32","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/d0d71a8158a241e0","nativeRecordCid":"05bac267-62a5-40cb-ae29-b76cf17b1a75","documentId":"open-science-source-24-c7","id":"c32","text":"The Census Bureau should coordinate the implementation of its public access plan with the NSTC Subcommittee and the Department of Commerce's Equity Action Plan.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"Census Bureau","subject":"coordination with NSTC and Equity Action Plan","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"we recommend the Census Bureau coordinate the implementation of its public access plan with the NSTC Subcommittee and the Department of Commerce’s Equity Action Plan.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-24-c7/c33","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/bba129e755fb43fd","nativeRecordCid":"000f24ae-5933-44c8-9b45-6d4bdd054030","documentId":"open-science-source-24-c7","id":"c33","text":"The Census Bureau should engage with the National Academies' Roundtable on Aligning Incentives for Open Scholarship to promote the growth of sustainable, equitable open scholarship policies and practices.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"Census Bureau","subject":"engagement with National Academies Roundtable","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The Census Bureau should also consider engaging with the National Academies’ Roundtable on Aligning Incentives for Open Scholarship to promote the growth of sustainable, equitable open scholarship policies and practices.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-24-c7/c34","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/d649aa49c681460e","nativeRecordCid":"5d27512d-e3b6-4422-aa70-c933c1303b92","documentId":"open-science-source-24-c7","id":"c34","text":"The Census Bureau should engage with the Higher Education Leadership Initiative for Open Scholarship to align its grant review process with efforts to recognize more equitable research sharing activities.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"Census Bureau","subject":"engagement with HELIOS Open","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"We also recommend the Bureau engage with the Higher Education Leadership Initiative for Open Scholarship (HELIOS Open) to align its grant review process with efforts to recognize more equitable research sharing activities.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-24-c7/c35","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/9e99df555c9e46c0","nativeRecordCid":"0d561b96-bc9f-48b8-94aa-324653c5cf83","documentId":"open-science-source-24-c7","id":"c35","text":"Federally funded publications, data, and other research outputs and their metadata should be findable, accessible, interoperable, and reusable to the American public and the scientific community in an equitable and secure manner.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"federal agencies","subject":"FAIR federally funded research outputs","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"asking agencies to \"make federally funded publications, data, and other such research outputs and their metadata...findable, accessible, interoperable, and reusable to the American public and the scientific community in an equitable and secure manner.”","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-24-c7/c36","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/be81b9b4f4114a09","nativeRecordCid":"0d965df8-a017-45ca-afbf-174c5303493d","documentId":"open-science-source-24-c7","id":"c36","text":"The Census Bureau's plan should require that all publications resulting from its funded research carry full reuse rights, such as those provided by a CC BY 4.0 International License or its functional equivalent.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"Census Bureau","subject":"reuse rights requirement in plan","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"To meet the Memorandum requirements and strengthen line 287, we recommend the Census Bureau’s plan require that all publications resulting from its funded research carry full reuse","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-24-c7/c37","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/bb4aab0db42948c2","nativeRecordCid":"4d15a1cf-8f73-43b0-87b9-978a1f79b4e0","documentId":"open-science-source-24-c7","id":"c37","text":"The Census Bureau should add the term \"standard\" as a qualifier to \"formats\" in describing machine-readable formats in its plan.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"Census Bureau","subject":"standard machine-readable formats qualifier","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"We commend the plan for stating publications and underlying data will be made available in machine-readable formats with associated metadata and encourage the Bureau to add the term “standard” as a qualifier to “formats.”","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-24-c7/c38","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/c0ea1b1b1ac84f4c","nativeRecordCid":"5e7654ad-b89b-4778-b958-79486dd2ef2c","documentId":"open-science-source-24-c7","id":"c38","text":"The Census Bureau should be certain that it obtains a non-exclusive license to its funded publications with sufficient re-use rights.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"Census Bureau","subject":"non-exclusive license for reuse rights","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Relatedly, the Bureau should be certain that it obtains a non-exclusive license to its funded publications with sufficient re-use rights.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-24-c7/c39","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/33ccc4c662544592","nativeRecordCid":"2f2c6714-d6ac-41ab-b3d1-968ea6edcca2","documentId":"open-science-source-24-c7","id":"c39","text":"Grantees should ensure, as a term and condition of funding agreements, that the Census Bureau receives a license to its funded publications sufficient for it to grant the public re-use rights.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"grantees","subject":"grantee license to Bureau","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"To ensure it obtains sufficient reuse rights, we suggest that the Bureau require grantees, as a term and condition of funding agreements, to ensure that the Bureau receives a license to its funded publications sufficient for it to grant the public re-use rights.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-24-c7/c40","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/731dbe1b61184487","nativeRecordCid":"6b9cdb6b-cf91-4fc1-b9c5-f679bb4be6fb","documentId":"open-science-source-24-c7","id":"c40","text":"Requiring a license as a term and condition of funding is the most straightforward approach that minimizes complexity and burden in compliance by grantee institutions and authors.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"license-as-condition approach","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"This is the most straightforward approach that minimizes complexity and burden in compliance by grantee institutions and authors.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-24-c7/c41","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/ac403a2613f34376","nativeRecordCid":"2a6ecd1b-207b-4ad5-ab82-bd8439956897","documentId":"open-science-source-24-c7","id":"c41","text":"The Census Bureau may rely on its existing federal purpose license under 2 C.F.R. § 200.315(b) to obtain sufficient reuse rights.","kind":"normative","modality":"may","actor":"Census Bureau","subject":"federal purpose license reliance","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"To do this, the Census Bureau could rely on its existing federal purpose license under 2 C.F.R. § 200.315(b).","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-24-c7/c42","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/f26dd4812bcb43d2","nativeRecordCid":"93f63fa2-7b20-4078-a97e-9cfe38947aed","documentId":"open-science-source-24-c7","id":"c42","text":"Grantees should provide an additional license to the Census Bureau that specifically provides the right to grant the public re-use rights to its funded publications covered by the public access policy.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"grantees","subject":"additional grantee license","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"For clarity, we suggest that the Census Bureau also require that grantees provide an additional license to the Bureau that specifically provides the right to grant the public re-use rights to its funded publications covered by the public access policy.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-24-c7/c43","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/26a0c9eceb134f09","nativeRecordCid":"022dc842-62c7-4505-a95d-124128a658a3","documentId":"open-science-source-24-c7","id":"c43","text":"Requiring the additional license as a term and condition of funding ensures that the Census Bureau receives its additional license at the moment the scholarly publication is created, which is how the longstanding federal purpose license operates.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"timing of federal purpose license","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Requiring that this additional license be granted as a term and condition of funding ensures that the Census Bureau receives its additional license at the moment the scholarly publication is created, which is how the longstanding federal purpose license operates.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-24-c7/c44","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/2a32b8a0d5c64063","nativeRecordCid":"6e315216-b028-4bfe-84eb-91a14f0c6b3b","documentId":"open-science-source-24-c7","id":"c44","text":"Even if an author from the grantee's institution signs a publication agreement that conflicts with the Bureau's license, the Bureau's license remains intact, as is the case with the federal purpose license.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"durability of Bureau's license","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"In this way, even if an author from the grantee’s institution signs a publication agreement that conflicts with the Bureau's license, the Bureau’s license remains intact, as is the case with the federal purpose license.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-24-c7/c45","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/5917e2587e5042f3","nativeRecordCid":"5688045c-f949-4a5b-8f06-b3d82f6a38dd","documentId":"open-science-source-24-c7","id":"c45","text":"The Census Bureau should develop template language that can be attached to or included with the publication to indicate the publication is available under an open license.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"Census Bureau","subject":"open license template language","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"We also recommend the Census Bureau develop template language that can be attached to or included with the publication, either by the author or Bureau staff, to indicate the publication is available under an open license.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-24-c7/c46","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/935a0f637ee44c43","nativeRecordCid":"97a033e2-dcd5-4803-a462-b2ab36287630","documentId":"open-science-source-24-c7","id":"c46","text":"The Census Bureau should establish a baseline understanding of current practices by collecting data on the number and makeup of its current funding recipients who are charging publication fees as direct costs to their research grants.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"Census Bureau","subject":"baseline data collection on APC charges","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The Census Bureau should establish a baseline understanding of current practices by collecting data on the number and makeup of its current funding recipients who are charging publication fees (APCs) as direct costs to their research grants and analyze that data across different types of - institutions and disciplines","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-24-c7/c47","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/64113961e48c4d98","nativeRecordCid":"99c2da60-1c7c-48da-ad21-38f3044e7f32","documentId":"open-science-source-24-c7","id":"c47","text":"The Census Bureau should analyze that data on APC charges across different types of institutions and disciplines.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"Census Bureau","subject":"analysis of APC data by institution and discipline","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"and analyze that data across different types of - institutions and disciplines (e.g., HBCUs, MSI’s, EPSCoR eligible institutions, researchers in less-well-resourced disciplines, etc.).","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-24-c7/c48","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/3d6b3a82543e4afc","nativeRecordCid":"1b892e43-df16-4cfd-9163-b1d0022f81fb","documentId":"open-science-source-24-c7","id":"c48","text":"If significant numbers of funded authors are reimbursing APC costs from their grants, the Census Bureau should review its efforts around equitable compliance mechanisms.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"Census Bureau","subject":"review of equitable compliance mechanisms","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"APC costs from their grants, the Bureau should review its efforts around equitable compliance mechanisms.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-24-c7/c49","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/fc0fd49b49f847da","nativeRecordCid":"f2bf76b4-eb44-4b00-ae49-fac5df435dcb","documentId":"open-science-source-24-c7","id":"c49","text":"The Census Bureau should monitor the impact of its public access policy on those that read its research outputs.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"Census Bureau","subject":"monitoring impact on readers","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The Census Bureau should also monitor the impact of its public access policy on those that read its research outputs.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-24-c7/c50","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/cda52efaa0dc4efb","nativeRecordCid":"a099026b-dd2f-4ced-9061-cdff4a3136c1","documentId":"open-science-source-24-c7","id":"c50","text":"The Census Bureau should track and release usage statistics of its funded research publications and share with the public the amount of times articles have been accessed and downloaded.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"Census Bureau","subject":"usage statistics tracking and release","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"To monitor these impacts, the Census Bureau should track and release usage statistics of its funded research publications and share with the public the amount of times articles have been accessed and downloaded.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-24-c7/c51","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/ff7ff534f1174c7e","nativeRecordCid":"22bb7d68-dc9d-4189-ba7b-fbb2b8f7af55","documentId":"open-science-source-24-c7","id":"c51","text":"The Census Bureau should work with institutional and other non-federal repositories through the U.S. Repository Network to expand where manuscripts, final published articles, and data can be deposited and accessed beyond just one repository designated by the Bureau.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"Census Bureau","subject":"working with USRN repositories","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"we recommend it consider working with institutional and other non-federal repositories through the U.S. Repository Network (USRN) to expand where manuscripts, final published articles, and data can be deposited and accessed beyond just one repository designated by the Bureau.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-24-c7/c52","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/58d4667bd64f494b","nativeRecordCid":"8ea7625c-c882-4a6f-a54d-b45ba88b4d6e","documentId":"open-science-source-24-c7","id":"c52","text":"Institutional repositories run by libraries and other research institutions generally do not charge authors to deposit articles, manuscripts, or data.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"institutional repository deposit costs","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Institutional repositories run by libraries and other research institutions generally do not charge authors to deposit articles, manuscripts, or data.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-24-c7/c53","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/f207462d79a6445b","nativeRecordCid":"cc012736-beb6-44f9-9804-b4d0e9f6b962","documentId":"open-science-source-24-c7","id":"c53","text":"Institutional repositories can play an important role in easing compliance burdens on authors.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"institutional repositories and compliance burdens","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"They can play an important role in easing compliance burdens on authors, improving discoverability of research outputs, and providing long-term preservation support.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-24-c7/c54","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/74863289c0ed4437","nativeRecordCid":"33ca6084-6ee4-42db-a7ed-ed7020103000","documentId":"open-science-source-24-c7","id":"c54","text":"Institutional repositories can play an important role in improving discoverability of research outputs.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"institutional repositories and discoverability","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"They can play an important role in easing compliance burdens on authors, improving discoverability of research outputs, and providing long-term preservation support.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-24-c7/c55","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/8914a1cf6d934080","nativeRecordCid":"fe50fbe8-986b-4bf9-a821-d006cf25ee64","documentId":"open-science-source-24-c7","id":"c55","text":"Institutional repositories can play an important role in providing long-term preservation support.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"institutional repositories and preservation","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"They can play an important role in easing compliance burdens on authors, improving discoverability of research outputs, and providing long-term preservation support.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-24-c7/c56","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/bd8da745e42f404f","nativeRecordCid":"50b02644-30ba-412e-81b1-1b131bb3795c","documentId":"open-science-source-24-c7","id":"c56","text":"The Census Bureau should allow for the deposit of publications and data into many different repositories.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"Census Bureau","subject":"deposit into multiple repositories","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Specifically, we recommend the Bureau allow for the deposit of publications and data into many different repositories","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-24-c7/c57","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/ea0b76f1b92e402e","nativeRecordCid":"0d334cb4-beac-48fb-84e6-318b22df3b0a","documentId":"open-science-source-24-c7","id":"c57","text":"The Census Bureau should utilize the guidance set out in the USRN's Desirable Characteristics of Digital Publications Repositories.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"Census Bureau","subject":"USRN repository guidance","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"and suggest utilizing the guidance set out in the USRN’s Desirable Characteristics of Digital Publications Repositories and the NSTC’s Desirable Characteristics of Data Repositories .","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-24-c7/c58","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/7687421349984d56","nativeRecordCid":"11f09971-0697-4c27-ba09-5a44efa7e409","documentId":"open-science-source-24-c7","id":"c58","text":"The Census Bureau should utilize the guidance set out in the NSTC's Desirable Characteristics of Data Repositories.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"Census Bureau","subject":"NSTC data repository guidance","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"and suggest utilizing the guidance set out in the USRN’s Desirable Characteristics of Digital Publications Repositories and the NSTC’s Desirable Characteristics of Data Repositories .","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-24-c8/c1","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/cad5b87cc9e04572","nativeRecordCid":"c2239088-a27a-4671-aa0a-882882b68894","documentId":"open-science-source-24-c8","id":"c1","text":"Sharing knowledge is a human right.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"","subject":"sharing knowledge","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"We believe that sharing knowledge is a human right, and that everyone should be able to access, contribute to, and benefit from the knowledge that shapes our world.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-24-c8/c2","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/54aee17e70844db4","nativeRecordCid":"d6b08054-2492-4f34-8579-ac7a57c6e856","documentId":"open-science-source-24-c8","id":"c2","text":"Everyone should be able to access the knowledge that shapes the world.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"everyone","subject":"access to knowledge","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"We believe that sharing knowledge is a human right, and that everyone should be able to access, contribute to, and benefit from the knowledge that shapes our world.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-24-c8/c3","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/d95290d1b7674ef9","nativeRecordCid":"1b431008-ceb3-4f1f-aeb7-5f48f64f129d","documentId":"open-science-source-24-c8","id":"c3","text":"Everyone should be able to contribute to the knowledge that shapes the world.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"everyone","subject":"contributing to knowledge","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"We believe that sharing knowledge is a human right, and that everyone should be able to access, contribute to, and benefit from the knowledge that shapes our world.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-24-c8/c4","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/cc38a7c4777448e9","nativeRecordCid":"ce5a7dd9-2525-4e23-8420-7748d88af29b","documentId":"open-science-source-24-c8","id":"c4","text":"Everyone should be able to benefit from the knowledge that shapes the world.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"everyone","subject":"benefiting from knowledge","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"We believe that sharing knowledge is a human right, and that everyone should be able to access, contribute to, and benefit from the knowledge that shapes our world.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-24-c8/c5","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/9997bf979b6e452b","nativeRecordCid":"4bbcfd72-aa4c-461a-b92c-3dcc370d8b02","documentId":"open-science-source-24-c8","id":"c5","text":"Software and analysis code from SSA-funded research must be made available in a public repository at the time an article is published.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"SSA-funded researchers","subject":"software and code availability","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"In addition to what is required in SSA’s public access plan, the SSA should also require that the software and analysis code be made available in a public repository at the time an article is published.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-24-c8/c6","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/1b40ae96709e4d94","nativeRecordCid":"0fac9ca7-18bc-42df-8d86-9f675c11d948","documentId":"open-science-source-24-c8","id":"c6","text":"Software and code from SSA-funded research must carry an open license such as those approved by the Open Source Initiative.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"SSA-funded researchers","subject":"open license for software and code","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"We recommend the SSA require that the software and code carry an open license such as those approved by the Open Source Initiative.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-24-c8/c7","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/cb313b680dee4562","nativeRecordCid":"84a34493-e376-4945-931f-5d7c76fe6de7","documentId":"open-science-source-24-c8","id":"c7","text":"The SSA should ensure that researchers include information in data management plans about how they will make the data underlying their publications Findable, Accessible, Interoperable, and Reusable.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"SSA","subject":"data management plan FAIR disclosure","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"As the agency develops and updates its approach to reviewing data management plans, it should ensure that researchers include information about how they will make the data underlying their publications Findable, Accessible, Interoperable, and Reusable as defined by the FAIR Principles.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-24-c8/c8","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/31bce7c920534ac6","nativeRecordCid":"1a89b6d8-a27b-464c-9d7a-c3e0165be537","documentId":"open-science-source-24-c8","id":"c8","text":"Making the scientific data produced from SSA-funded research FAIR enables other researchers and policymakers to more easily build on the data.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"FAIR data","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"enable other researchers and policymakers to more easily build on and analyze the data and ensure its integrity.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-24-c8/c9","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/4203933cc00b47c1","nativeRecordCid":"5789b83b-5d29-4a2a-a037-e92a5e82ce3d","documentId":"open-science-source-24-c8","id":"c9","text":"Making the scientific data produced from SSA-funded research FAIR enables other researchers and policymakers to more easily analyze the data.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"FAIR data","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"enable other researchers and policymakers to more easily build on and analyze the data and ensure its integrity.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-24-c8/c10","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/a0a1639a60344fcf","nativeRecordCid":"22cec40b-9904-4bd0-a3e9-7a149de32e4d","documentId":"open-science-source-24-c8","id":"c10","text":"Making the scientific data produced from SSA-funded research FAIR ensures the integrity of the data.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"FAIR data","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"enable other researchers and policymakers to more easily build on and analyze the data and ensure its integrity.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-24-c8/c11","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/c9f61da7f8db484a","nativeRecordCid":"6b5423fa-18c0-44fc-84bb-f12a194ed3a2","documentId":"open-science-source-24-c8","id":"c11","text":"The SSA should engage with the Research Data Access & Preservation (RDAP) Association when collecting information on the types of data repositories researchers prefer.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"SSA","subject":"engagement with RDAP","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"When collecting information on the types of data repositories researchers prefer, we encourage the agency to engage with the Research Data Access & Preservation (RDAP) Association, an organization of data sharing and management experts.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-24-c8/c12","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/ce3d05b789544294","nativeRecordCid":"93ef1045-ff12-4a17-8cc9-54c32b2c79a5","documentId":"open-science-source-24-c8","id":"c12","text":"The RDAP community hosts discussions on a variety of topics, including specialized data repositories and how to manage Personally Identifiable Information while making data interoperable.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"RDAP community","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The RDAP community hosts discussions on a variety of topics including specialized data repositories and how to manage Personally Identifiable Information while making data interoperable.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-24-c8/c13","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/2a891d8675324ffd","nativeRecordCid":"a081530c-e1e8-44a9-8f70-b28109445c47","documentId":"open-science-source-24-c8","id":"c13","text":"The RDAP Association can connect the agency to experts to inform its requirements for data repositories.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"RDAP Association","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"RDAP can connect the agency to experts to inform its requirements for data repositories.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-24-c8/c14","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/2973b5649f3646a7","nativeRecordCid":"9ca3c712-ab3b-47e7-9af6-b96c5f3cb3ef","documentId":"open-science-source-24-c8","id":"c14","text":"The SSA should engage with the U.S. Repository Network (USRN) and its efforts to identify best practices and workflows for publication repositories.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"SSA","subject":"engagement with USRN","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"In addition to engagement with the RDAP, we also recommend the SSA engage with the U.S. Repository Network (USRN) and its efforts to identify best practices and workflows for publication repositories.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-24-c8/c15","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/10d8d56488be422a","nativeRecordCid":"cb23090e-7215-4ef7-abc8-cd46bf434789","documentId":"open-science-source-24-c8","id":"c15","text":"The desirable characteristics for publication repositories should be consulted by the agency as it determines what repositories researchers can use for compliance.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"SSA","subject":"desirable characteristics for repositories","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"These desirable characteristics for publication repositories are important for the agency to consult as it determines what repositories researchers can use for compliance.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-24-c8/c16","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/8d3c419513104835","nativeRecordCid":"5c104b8e-111d-4867-87b0-8ae903c95a43","documentId":"open-science-source-24-c8","id":"c16","text":"The SSA should include institutional repositories as viable compliance options for the deposit of publications.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"SSA","subject":"institutional repositories as compliance option","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Further, as the agency considers repositories to designate, it should include institutional repositories as viable compliance options for the deposit of publications.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-24-c8/c17","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/a798631ea4e344ca","nativeRecordCid":"c3d97166-bb8f-4085-a5dc-93a3b6873f9f","documentId":"open-science-source-24-c8","id":"c17","text":"Institutional repositories run by libraries and other research institutions generally do not charge authors to deposit articles or manuscripts.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"institutional repositories","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Institutional repositories run by libraries and other research institutions generally do not charge authors to deposit articles or manuscripts.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-24-c8/c18","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/281d25274a764702","nativeRecordCid":"c6f6ca19-7586-4bf2-84f7-816b30ac4c83","documentId":"open-science-source-24-c8","id":"c18","text":"Institutional repositories can play an important role in easing compliance burdens on authors.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"institutional repositories","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"They can play an important role in easing compliance burdens on authors, improving discoverability of research outputs, and providing long-term preservation support.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-24-c8/c19","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/0ade0ba7268946b7","nativeRecordCid":"99f9289b-76e8-4a80-b0e7-0565378185ae","documentId":"open-science-source-24-c8","id":"c19","text":"Institutional repositories can play an important role in improving the discoverability of research outputs.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"institutional repositories","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"They can play an important role in easing compliance burdens on authors, improving discoverability of research outputs, and providing long-term preservation support.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-24-c8/c20","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/54a06a0eeb4f4a82","nativeRecordCid":"5fc431fd-c182-4e4c-aecc-2e5d05f678fa","documentId":"open-science-source-24-c8","id":"c20","text":"Institutional repositories can play an important role in providing long-term preservation support.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"institutional repositories","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"They can play an important role in easing compliance burdens on authors, improving discoverability of research outputs, and providing long-term preservation support.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-24-c8/c21","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/0574f0f993034ca4","nativeRecordCid":"5899b365-6b00-4f04-a9f3-3c81c62f03f7","documentId":"open-science-source-24-c8","id":"c21","text":"The SSA should establish a baseline understanding of the public access cost environment by collecting data on the number and makeup of its current funding recipients charging publication fees (APCs) as direct costs to their research grants.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"SSA","subject":"baseline APC cost data collection","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"To gather information on the estimated costs associated with providing public access, the SSA should establish a baseline understanding of the environment by collecting data on the number and makeup of its current funding recipients who are charging publication fees (APCs) as direct costs to their research grants and analyze that data across different types of institutions and disciplines (e.g., HBCUs, tribal colleges and universities, MSIs, EPSCoR-eligible institutions, researchers in less-well-resourced disciplines, etc.).","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-24-c8/c22","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/6f890c3e9213418b","nativeRecordCid":"ab01e197-1589-4c33-9e37-e9bfb23cd482","documentId":"open-science-source-24-c8","id":"c22","text":"The SSA should analyze publication fee (APC) data across different types of institutions and disciplines.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"SSA","subject":"APC cost data analysis","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"To gather information on the estimated costs associated with providing public access, the SSA should establish a baseline understanding of the environment by collecting data on the number and makeup of its current funding recipients who are charging publication fees (APCs) as direct costs to their research grants and analyze that data across different types of institutions and disciplines (e.g., HBCUs, tribal colleges and universities, MSIs, EPSCoR-eligible institutions, researchers in less-well-resourced disciplines, etc.).","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-24-c8/c23","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/af14b96c0e6d4421","nativeRecordCid":"f94c31ff-8253-42d4-829e-0801beb23cb5","documentId":"open-science-source-24-c8","id":"c23","text":"Authors and the agency can minimize and avoid publisher charges associated with providing public access to scientific research publications by ensuring the author's accepted manuscript can be deposited into the repository designated by the SSA at no cost.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"publisher charges avoidance","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Authors, and the agency, can minimize and avoid the publisher charges associated with providing public access to scientific research publications by ensuring the author’s accepted manuscript can be deposited into the repository(s) designated by the SSA at no cost.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-24-c8/c24","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/27084c606c1c4e35","nativeRecordCid":"cb090b2f-f968-4ba0-966f-6e9dd073c123","documentId":"open-science-source-24-c8","id":"c24","text":"Compliance by manuscript deposit into a designated repository is the most equitable way to ensure authors do not face financial barriers when complying.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"manuscript deposit compliance","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Compliance by manuscript deposit into a designated repository is the most equitable way to ensure authors do not face financial barriers when complying.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-24-c8/c25","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/31595aea5c264fdf","nativeRecordCid":"088e2c58-8e81-4f6b-ab22-02e56ad3be05","documentId":"open-science-source-24-c8","id":"c25","text":"Compliance by manuscript deposit into a designated repository ensures more of the grant dollars can be spent on research activities.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"manuscript deposit compliance","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"It also ensures more of the grant dollars can be spent on research activities.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-24-c8/c26","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/a1bcaaafe8f04db5","nativeRecordCid":"54761ade-b9ec-49b8-b716-8263e9099c87","documentId":"open-science-source-24-c8","id":"c26","text":"The SSA should leverage the NASA TOPS initiative to help researchers and institutions learn more about public access.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"SSA","subject":"leveraging NASA TOPS initiative","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"To help researchers and institutions learn more about public access, the SSA should leverage the NASA TOPS initiative.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-24-c8/c27","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/08057afc18504f94","nativeRecordCid":"3ed7cbf6-d009-4334-986a-9d8315b6d631","documentId":"open-science-source-24-c8","id":"c27","text":"The NASA TOPS initiative's Open Science 101 Curriculum can be used by anyone to improve their understanding of open science workflows.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"Open Science 101 Curriculum","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The NASA TOPS initiative has developed an Open Science 101 Curriculum that anyone can use to improve their understanding of open science workflows and gain the skills needed to share their research effectively.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-24-c8/c28","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/d36b8956156a4e33","nativeRecordCid":"32eb4ac8-bec5-44ac-a42d-3ceb44e78307","documentId":"open-science-source-24-c8","id":"c28","text":"The NASA TOPS initiative's Open Science 101 Curriculum can be used by anyone to gain the skills needed to share their research effectively.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"Open Science 101 Curriculum","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The NASA TOPS initiative has developed an Open Science 101 Curriculum that anyone can use to improve their understanding of open science workflows and gain the skills needed to share their research effectively.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-24-c8/c29","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/41913c6953e54495","nativeRecordCid":"9c780163-aaff-4330-b2ea-085688ba568a","documentId":"open-science-source-24-c8","id":"c29","text":"The NASA TOPS Open Science 101 Curriculum draws from existing best practices from academia, industry, and other stakeholder communities.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"Open Science 101 Curriculum","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The curriculum draws from existing best practices from academia, industry, and other stakeholder communities.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-24-c8/c30","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/cb7322927a374403","nativeRecordCid":"165687e7-e9f9-4f77-8eb2-0e471b8450bf","documentId":"open-science-source-24-c8","id":"c30","text":"The NASA TOPS Open Science 101 Curriculum is a valuable resource for intramural and extramural researchers and federal government staff working on research sharing.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"Open Science 101 Curriculum","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"It is a valuable resource for intramural and extramural researchers and federal government staff working on research sharing.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-24-c8/c31","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/1c689b596b5a4500","nativeRecordCid":"1fc52282-60d9-4d0d-8857-d92248ed8286","documentId":"open-science-source-24-c8","id":"c31","text":"APC costs disproportionately affect female researchers.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"APC costs","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Studies have documented that APC costs disproportionately affect female researchers and those at smaller institutions.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-24-c8/c32","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/eebf50fac408494b","nativeRecordCid":"2158f5eb-b532-4b4b-beca-a2c7640d3267","documentId":"open-science-source-24-c8","id":"c32","text":"APC costs disproportionately affect researchers at smaller institutions.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"APC costs","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Studies have documented that APC costs disproportionately affect female researchers and those at smaller institutions.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-24-c8/c33","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/bdd52351ca094e6d","nativeRecordCid":"71fcdd78-5de1-4c9f-8b56-a3953f4ee80e","documentId":"open-science-source-24-c8","id":"c33","text":"SSA's public access policy, associated guidance, and communications to researchers must clearly state that authors can fully comply with the public access policy at no cost by depositing their author's accepted manuscripts into the repositories designated by the agency.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"SSA","subject":"no-cost compliance communication","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"To ensure equity in research opportunities and access, it is critical that the SSA’s public access policy, associated guidance, and communications to researchers clearly state that authors can fully comply with its public access policy at **no cost** by depositing their author’s accepted manuscripts into the repositories designated by the agency.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-24-c8/c34","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/cc0ee9fb599640d3","nativeRecordCid":"fdaa7afd-4507-4d7c-8a72-1a11893ff132","documentId":"open-science-source-24-c8","id":"c34","text":"Without clarity, researchers may conflate publishing charges with compliance charges.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"researchers' understanding of charges","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Without clarity, researchers may conflate publishing charges with compliance charges which will have significant impacts for authors and institutions that are already under-resourced.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-24-c8/c35","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/133109c26397471e","nativeRecordCid":"a30abac8-573b-48db-856d-9a600129f492","documentId":"open-science-source-24-c8","id":"c35","text":"Conflating publishing charges with compliance charges has significant impacts for authors and institutions that are already under-resourced.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"conflation of publishing and compliance charges","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Without clarity, researchers may conflate publishing charges with compliance charges which will have significant impacts for authors and institutions that are already under-resourced.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-24-c8/c36","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/414e79d683ec49e9","nativeRecordCid":"a5320b53-05aa-4384-9015-a6a919ec56f5","documentId":"open-science-source-24-c8","id":"c36","text":"The SSA should highlight the diversity of publication models available to authors who may face financial barriers in paying for APCs, including Subscribe to Open (S2O) and Diamond Open Access.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"SSA","subject":"diversity of publication models","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The SSA should also highlight the diversity of publication models available to authors who may face financial barriers in paying for APCs—including Subscribe to Open (S2O) and Diamond Open Access.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-24-c8/c37","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/05b32f89587448f2","nativeRecordCid":"2039c4c5-11ba-4441-ae8f-79939664a9d1","documentId":"open-science-source-24-c8","id":"c37","text":"The agency's efforts to ensure equity in research opportunities and access align with the work of the NSTC's Subcommittee on Equitable Data.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"SSA equity efforts alignment","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The agency’s efforts to ensure equity in research opportunities and access naturally align with the critical work of the NSTC’s Subcommittee on Equitable Data.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-24-c8/c38","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/a2393e88399546a3","nativeRecordCid":"07c83d6a-5402-45d6-9808-9059d2eb9c1b","documentId":"open-science-source-24-c8","id":"c38","text":"The SSA should coordinate the implementation of its public access plan with the NSTC Subcommittee on Equitable Data and the SSA's Equity Action Plan.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"SSA","subject":"coordination of public access plan implementation","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"and we recommend the SSA coordinate the implementation of its public access plan with the NSTC Subcommittee and the SSA’s Equity Action Plan.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-24-c8/c39","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/ba948a1fee0e4271","nativeRecordCid":"19899248-d396-48bb-8e46-90b5826d4476","documentId":"open-science-source-24-c8","id":"c39","text":"The SSA should consider engaging with the National Academies' Roundtable on Aligning Incentives for Open Scholarship to promote the growth of sustainable, equitable open scholarship policies and practices.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"SSA","subject":"engagement with National Academies Roundtable","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The SSA should also consider engaging with the National Academies’ Roundtable on Aligning Incentives for Open Scholarship to promote the growth of sustainable, equitable open scholarship policies and practices.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-24-c8/c40","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/f8c75ed351734684","nativeRecordCid":"a9c5bead-004e-47a7-bdbc-62ac016bf727","documentId":"open-science-source-24-c8","id":"c40","text":"The SSA should engage with the Higher Education Leadership Initiative for Open Scholarship (HELIOS Open) to ensure alignment between the SSA's public access policy and the grant administration practices of universities.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"SSA","subject":"engagement with HELIOS Open","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"We also recommend the agency engage with the Higher Education Leadership Initiative for Open Scholarship (HELIOS Open), a group of higher education administrators, to ensure alignment between the SSA’s public access policy and the grant administration practices of universities.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-24-c8/c41","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/a7b24922b16d4879","nativeRecordCid":"7528ad99-369f-4630-bfb7-0fb17ae52b19","documentId":"open-science-source-24-c8","id":"c41","text":"The SSA should adopt identifiers for people, research organizations, and research objects that are open, non-proprietary, and interoperable with other identifiers in the research ecosystem.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"SSA","subject":"identifier standards adoption","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"As the agency prepares to develop its policy implementing the scientific and research integrity section of the OSTP Memorandum, it should adopt identifiers for people, research organizations, and research objects that are open, non-proprietary, and interoperable with other identifiers in the research ecosystem.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-24-c8/c42","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/95f5385dcbf74d54","nativeRecordCid":"751126fc-b9ca-47da-83b2-6132b79bbf39","documentId":"open-science-source-24-c8","id":"c42","text":"Publications resulting from SSA-funded research must have a digital object identifier (DOI).","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"SSA-funded researchers","subject":"DOI for publications","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Specifically, the SSA should require that publications, data","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-24-c8/c43","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/95472fcacd4d4149","nativeRecordCid":"f43ae3e7-4634-48e7-ac57-36d33b4aa200","documentId":"open-science-source-24-c8","id":"c43","text":"Data sets resulting from SSA-funded research must have a digital object identifier (DOI).","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"SSA-funded researchers","subject":"DOI for data sets","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"sets, and data management plans have a digital object identifier (DOI), which is an open and nonproprietary persistent identifier that can be used for research objects.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-24-c8/c44","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/78b4cc1d5dbc44e2","nativeRecordCid":"9a0d9bf8-c7b1-46ea-b0cf-145caa719421","documentId":"open-science-source-24-c8","id":"c44","text":"Data management plans for SSA-funded research must have a digital object identifier (DOI).","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"SSA-funded researchers","subject":"DOI for data management plans","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"sets, and data management plans have a digital object identifier (DOI), which is an open and nonproprietary persistent identifier that can be used for research objects.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-24-c8/c45","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/a2a3edf1b5f14dde","nativeRecordCid":"615bc1e7-fc1a-44a3-b7d8-79e87be8095e","documentId":"open-science-source-24-c8","id":"c45","text":"A digital object identifier (DOI) is an open and nonproprietary persistent identifier.","kind":"definitional","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"digital object identifier (DOI)","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"sets, and data management plans have a digital object identifier (DOI), which is an open and nonproprietary persistent identifier that can be used for research objects.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-24-c8/c46","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/61e5f14c01504a0f","nativeRecordCid":"8bf43bbc-694c-43ce-9e89-ebb7512370b3","documentId":"open-science-source-24-c8","id":"c46","text":"A digital object identifier (DOI) can be used for research objects.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"digital object identifier (DOI)","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"sets, and data management plans have a digital object identifier (DOI), which is an open and nonproprietary persistent identifier that can be used for research objects.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-24-c8/c47","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/75c5f91cb38642d2","nativeRecordCid":"0b5e8680-4c81-4d5a-9c16-141f69fe759f","documentId":"open-science-source-24-c8","id":"c47","text":"Researchers must obtain a digital persistent identifier that meets the NSPM-33 Implementation Guidance requiring the provider of the identifier to be an open, non-proprietary, researcher-driven platform.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"researchers","subject":"digital persistent identifier for researchers","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"We also support the agency’s plan to require researchers to obtain a digital persistent identifier that meets the NSPM-33 Implementation Guidance that the provider of the identifier be an “open, non-proprietary, researcher-driven platform.”","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-24-c8/c48","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/a0662e6cffe24eca","nativeRecordCid":"68a880ef-c2cc-4b66-b6bd-10746200facb","documentId":"open-science-source-24-c8","id":"c48","text":"The SSA's public access policy should ensure the final publication carries full reuse rights, such as those provided by a CC BY 4.0 International License or its functional equivalent, not just the right for the publication to be made available in the repository.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"SSA","subject":"full reuse rights for publications","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"To meet these obligations, the SSA’s policy should ensure the final publication carries full reuse rights, such as those provided by a CC BY 4.0 International License or its functional equivalent, not just the right for the publication to be made available in the repository.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-24-c8/c49","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/4b61f162aac842dc","nativeRecordCid":"9407af3b-f036-4134-acbf-6a86b9dedcbc","documentId":"open-science-source-24-c8","id":"c49","text":"Full public reuse of a publication allows others to build on it.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"full public reuse of a publication","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Full public reuse allows for broad sharing of the publication so that others can build on it, interrogate the results, perform text and data mining, and deploy AI and other computational technology.","representedInStars":true}
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{"key":"open-science-source-24-c8/c56","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/c892e8fe3e0843d3","nativeRecordCid":"d1c6ebc6-c467-425a-a5f4-dbc0e43417f1","documentId":"open-science-source-24-c8","id":"c56","text":"Ensuring the agency receives a sufficient license to grant public reuse of a publication through the terms and conditions of the award requires policy language.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"SSA","subject":"license via award terms and conditions","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"This requires: policy language, contract language (for the terms and conditions of the award), template language for covered works, and instructions for repositories designated for compliance.","representedInStars":false}
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{"key":"open-science-source-24-c8/c58","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/c5c709c5f4504576","nativeRecordCid":"28d9e8fa-9cf1-4a76-8831-21b1f92a9589","documentId":"open-science-source-24-c8","id":"c58","text":"Ensuring the agency receives a sufficient license to grant public reuse of a publication through the terms and conditions of the award requires template language for covered works.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"SSA","subject":"license via award terms and conditions","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"This requires: policy language, contract language (for the terms and conditions of the award), template language for covered works, and instructions for repositories designated for compliance.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-24-c8/c59","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/8636aa43f6bb4291","nativeRecordCid":"ec409142-84b4-470e-98a3-a1f3efb6a6cb","documentId":"open-science-source-24-c8","id":"c59","text":"Ensuring the agency receives a sufficient license to grant public reuse of a publication through the terms and conditions of the award requires instructions for repositories designated for compliance.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"SSA","subject":"license via award terms and conditions","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"This requires: policy language, contract language (for the terms and conditions of the award), template language for covered works, and instructions for repositories designated for compliance.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-24-c8/c60","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/9992fd0f1ec74b9e","nativeRecordCid":"56b02a00-90b8-4069-b607-2720325e3abc","documentId":"open-science-source-24-c8","id":"c60","text":"Requiring that an additional reuse license be granted as a term and condition of funding ensures that the agency receives its additional license at the moment the scholarly publication is created, which is how the longstanding Federal purpose license operates.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"additional reuse license as funding condition","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Requiring that this additional license be granted as a term and condition of funding ensures that the agency receives its additional license at the moment the scholarly publication is created, which is how the longstanding Federal purpose license operates.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-24-c8/c61","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/26c345189c484f0c","nativeRecordCid":"8f554af3-711b-49d7-b239-3a0e3834f21f","documentId":"open-science-source-24-c8","id":"c61","text":"Even if an author from a grantee's institution signs a publication agreement that conflicts with the agency's license, the agency's license remains intact, as is the case with the agency's Federal purpose license.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"agency's reuse license persistence","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"In this way, even if an author from the grantee’s institution signs a publication agreement that conflicts with the agency’s license, the agency’s license remains intact, as is the case with the agency’s Federal purpose license.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-24-c9/c1","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/60c1b94957b543ad","nativeRecordCid":"f87db270-d8ca-44fc-a179-833e706ee19e","documentId":"open-science-source-24-c9","id":"c1","text":"Sharing knowledge is a fundamental human right.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"","subject":"sharing knowledge","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"SPARC believes that sharing knowledge is a fundamental human right, and that everyone should be able to access, contribute to, and benefit from the knowledge that shapes our world.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-24-c9/c2","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/6465c4928711423d","nativeRecordCid":"910aa59d-db0b-484b-ba65-1bdde545af64","documentId":"open-science-source-24-c9","id":"c2","text":"Everyone should be able to access, contribute to, and benefit from the knowledge that shapes our world.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"","subject":"everyone's access to knowledge","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"SPARC believes that sharing knowledge is a fundamental human right, and that everyone should be able to access, contribute to, and benefit from the knowledge that shapes our world.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-24-c9/c3","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/4fe5d0f64b9a48b2","nativeRecordCid":"159a8a21-6f63-4111-8c98-1802eff04655","documentId":"open-science-source-24-c9","id":"c3","text":"Providing public access to NIJ-funded research results must occur to achieve NIJ's mission to provide evidence, data, and tools to inform criminal and juvenile justice communities, victims services providers, and the public.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"NIJ","subject":"public access to NIJ-funded research","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Providing public access to NIJ-funded research results is critical to achieving the agency’s mission to provide evidence, data, and tools to inform criminal and juvenile justice communities, victims services providers, and the public.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-24-c9/c4","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/141c16f1853e42f7","nativeRecordCid":"da011301-b9fb-4e45-9c6a-5930aa72f98d","documentId":"open-science-source-24-c9","id":"c4","text":"NIJ should ensure that all people can contribute to, access, and benefit from the results of its federally funded research.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"NIJ","subject":"NIJ ensuring public access","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"In furtherance of this mission, NIJ should ensure that all people can contribute to, access, and benefit from the results of its federally funded research.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-24-c9/c5","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/d448a1adccd744a1","nativeRecordCid":"ba9e2aff-5e50-4515-86ab-ce9d9b411139","documentId":"open-science-source-24-c9","id":"c5","text":"Requiring grantees to deposit accepted manuscripts under Green Open Access ensures that authors from all backgrounds and institutions can contribute to research without facing financial barriers, such as author-side publishing fees or article processing charges.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"Green OA deposit requirement","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"This ensures that authors from all backgrounds and institutions—from rural areas to large cities—can contribute to research without facing financial barriers, like author-side publishing fees or article processing charges (APCs).","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-24-c9/c6","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/9f42cbd2c83b4637","nativeRecordCid":"505f6aa5-1228-4983-8534-da4d25fad41e","documentId":"open-science-source-24-c9","id":"c6","text":"Authors should be able to easily understand the compliance options available to them.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"","subject":"authors' understanding of compliance options","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Additionally, authors should be able to easily understand the compliance options available to them.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-24-c9/c7","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/d2e244599b364c2d","nativeRecordCid":"ff7f0c25-8d1e-4f80-bda3-24f21c35c9f4","documentId":"open-science-source-24-c9","id":"c7","text":"NIJ's public access policy, associated guidance, and communications to researchers should clearly state that authors can fully comply with its public access policy at no cost by depositing their accepted manuscripts into PubMed Central or any other agency-approved repository.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"NIJ","subject":"NIJ's public access policy communications","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"To this end, NIJ’s public access policy, associated guidance, and communications to researchers should clearly state that authors can fully comply with its public access policy at **no cost** by depositing their author’s accepted manuscripts into PubMed Central (as stated in the Federal Register notice) or any other agency-approved repository.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-24-c9/c8","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/aa8fadae49994f1e","nativeRecordCid":"a3527841-3bae-43f5-bea2-a19f9c6ad02a","documentId":"open-science-source-24-c9","id":"c8","text":"NIJ's policy should clarify that any fee an author may be asked to pay is a publication fee and not a fee required by the agency for compliance.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"NIJ","subject":"NIJ's policy fee clarification","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"NIJ’s policy should also clarify that any fee an author may be asked to pay is a publication fee and not a fee required by the agency for compliance.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-24-c9/c9","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/73a8272d2a034dfe","nativeRecordCid":"37e652c6-47d2-4164-868c-c9c9dec576e0","documentId":"open-science-source-24-c9","id":"c9","text":"Authors must not conflate compliance with article processing charges.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"authors","subject":"authors and APC compliance","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"It is critical that authors do not conflate compliance with article processing charges (APCs), which create significant barriers for less-well-resourced authors and institutions to make their research available.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-24-c9/c10","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/4dd53eb3909c4941","nativeRecordCid":"161c9995-c623-45bf-8227-5d2e58d2b69b","documentId":"open-science-source-24-c9","id":"c10","text":"Article processing charges create significant barriers for less-well-resourced authors and institutions to make their research available.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"APCs and resource barriers","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"It is critical that authors do not conflate compliance with article processing charges (APCs), which create significant barriers for less-well-resourced authors and institutions to make their research available.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-24-c9/c11","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/39a8557af66f41a2","nativeRecordCid":"32d1c186-170d-491e-8507-79ba59463492","documentId":"open-science-source-24-c9","id":"c11","text":"NIJ should highlight the variety of publication models available to authors that do not charge APCs, including Subscribe to Open and Diamond Open Access.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"NIJ","subject":"NIJ highlighting APC-free publication models","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"NIJ should also highlight the variety of publication models available to authors that do not charge APCs—including Subscribe to Open (S2O) and Diamond Open Access.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-24-c9/c12","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/09a6b2380dbb4057","nativeRecordCid":"74507d53-8c1d-4225-b935-8a4cf64bdba6","documentId":"open-science-source-24-c9","id":"c12","text":"NIJ should consider engaging with the National Academies' Roundtable on Aligning Incentives for Open Scholarship to promote the growth of sustainable open scholarship policies and practices.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"NIJ","subject":"NIJ engagement with National Academies Roundtable","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"NIJ should also consider engaging with the National Academies’ Roundtable on Aligning Incentives for Open Scholarship to promote the growth of sustainable open scholarship policies and practices.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-24-c9/c13","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/ceb742cffeb34cd6","nativeRecordCid":"7649edf0-4d13-43ed-aa0c-c967f07e2aef","documentId":"open-science-source-24-c9","id":"c13","text":"NIJ should engage with the Higher Education Leadership Initiative for Open Scholarship (HELIOS Open) to align its grant review process with efforts to recognize more open and transparent research sharing activities.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"NIJ","subject":"NIJ engagement with HELIOS Open","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"We also recommend the agency engage with the Higher Education Leadership Initiative for Open Scholarship (HELIOS Open) to align its grant review process with efforts to recognize more open and transparent research sharing activities.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-24-c9/c14","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/de3e0d4e323e4b0b","nativeRecordCid":"57260919-a5ea-4890-9f21-a4ccf4a6efbe","documentId":"open-science-source-24-c9","id":"c14","text":"NIJ should ensure that the implementation of its public access plan centers productive reuse of publications, including both final articles and authors' accepted manuscripts.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"NIJ","subject":"NIJ's public access plan reuse focus","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"To ensure the public is getting the most in return for its investment in NIJ-funded research, the agency should ensure that the implementation of its plan centers productive reuse of publications (including both final articles and authors’ accepted manuscripts) so that everyone can access, contribute to, and benefit from the agency’s funded research.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-24-c9/c15","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/cc79272d0a2840c4","nativeRecordCid":"6d350a1a-7997-46da-a1c6-682f566b461f","documentId":"open-science-source-24-c9","id":"c15","text":"Full reuse enables others to further interrogate research results.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"full reuse and interrogating results","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Full reuse enables others to further interrogate results, build on them, perform text and data mining, and deploy AI and other computational technology.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-24-c9/c16","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/9ba8501d71ee4f18","nativeRecordCid":"db1d64e2-d2da-46c7-b8c9-79cceb6d95e3","documentId":"open-science-source-24-c9","id":"c16","text":"Full reuse enables others to build on research results.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"full reuse and building on results","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Full reuse enables others to further interrogate results, build on them, perform text and data mining, and deploy AI and other computational technology.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-24-c9/c17","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/4b14f6828ad4411e","nativeRecordCid":"e5bd1aeb-5559-44c0-b0b9-c4763a18c55c","documentId":"open-science-source-24-c9","id":"c17","text":"Full reuse enables others to perform text and data mining.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"full reuse and text/data mining","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Full reuse enables others to further interrogate results, build on them, perform text and data mining, and deploy AI and other computational technology.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-24-c9/c18","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/c6fdd26fcaf34a9c","nativeRecordCid":"508828e7-55cb-4a46-ae18-9f63863eecfb","documentId":"open-science-source-24-c9","id":"c18","text":"Full reuse enables others to deploy AI and other computational technology.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"full reuse and AI deployment","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Full reuse enables others to further interrogate results, build on them, perform text and data mining, and deploy AI and other computational technology.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-24-c9/c19","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/3b4e32d80d5d49f7","nativeRecordCid":"41072a99-0a89-429f-8067-2754e1bc8f19","documentId":"open-science-source-24-c9","id":"c19","text":"NIJ-funded peer-reviewed publications should be made immediately and freely available in a designated repository.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"NIJ","subject":"immediate free availability of NIJ publications","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Requiring that NIJ-funded peer-reviewed publications be made immediately and freely available in a designated repository will expand access to critical information about our nation’s criminal justice system and ensure such information can be reused and built upon by researchers, practitioners, and policymakers.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-24-c9/c20","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/b6292fe1e366415f","nativeRecordCid":"1200c984-5a8f-4c58-97d8-e7e9b38ad608","documentId":"open-science-source-24-c9","id":"c20","text":"NIJ should ensure that publications carry full reuse rights, such as those provided by a CC BY 4.0 International License or its functional equivalent.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"NIJ","subject":"NIJ ensuring full reuse rights on publications","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Beyond making publications available in a designated repository, NIJ should also ensure that the publications carry full reuse rights, such as those provided by a CC BY 4.0 International License or its functional equivalent.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-24-c9/c21","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/3b8c84621f7f41db","nativeRecordCid":"e2754c6d-fe26-4987-b70e-c4b57fa1739b","documentId":"open-science-source-24-c9","id":"c21","text":"Researchers should be able to deploy the most innovative technologies to analyze the research results.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"researchers","subject":"researchers deploying innovative technologies","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"If the public is to reap the full benefits of their taxpayer investment, researchers should be able to deploy the most innovative technologies to analyze the research results.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-24-c9/c22","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/f8cd0b9f98c649fb","nativeRecordCid":"6cd7536d-b5aa-4148-8b84-bfa1aaa4d484","documentId":"open-science-source-24-c9","id":"c22","text":"NIJ may rely on its existing Federal Purpose License to ensure full reuse.","kind":"normative","modality":"may","actor":"NIJ","subject":"NIJ's use of Federal Purpose License","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"One way the agency can ensure full reuse is to rely on its existing “Federal Purpose License” (FPL) under 2 C.F.R. § 200.315(b).","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-24-c9/c23","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/d822583f19864003","nativeRecordCid":"86c9d147-8eef-4b4c-9bec-a0bd3ba036a8","documentId":"open-science-source-24-c9","id":"c23","text":"The Federal Purpose License requires that, as a condition of federal funding, grant recipients issue the granting agency a non-exclusive license to use all works subject to copyright developed or acquired under the grant.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"Federal Purpose License requirement","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The FPL requires that as a condition of federal funding, grant recipients issue the granting agency a non-exclusive license to use all works subject to copyright and either developed or acquired under the grant.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-24-c9/c24","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/2a04314a6b0b48b3","nativeRecordCid":"2db9f768-c8ac-4968-aa88-467aece15c3c","documentId":"open-science-source-24-c9","id":"c24","text":"The Federal Purpose License allows the agency to reproduce, publish, or otherwise use the work for Federal purposes and to authorize others to do so.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"Federal Purpose License permissions","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The License allows the agency to \"reproduce, publish, or otherwise use the work for Federal purposes and to authorize others to do so.”","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-24-c9/c25","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/e99c61af56a94d99","nativeRecordCid":"4b64e234-d01a-4fd9-b993-e68ffcc18814","documentId":"open-science-source-24-c9","id":"c25","text":"NIJ should require that grantees provide an additional license to NIJ that specifically provides the right to grant the public reuse rights to agency publications covered by the public access policy.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"NIJ","subject":"NIJ requiring additional license from grantees","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"For clarity, we also suggest that NIJ require that grantees provide an additional license to NIJ that specifically provides the right to grant the public reuse rights to agency publications covered by the public access policy.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-24-c9/c26","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/7e0440f070d648ea","nativeRecordCid":"0efb25b4-cc0a-469e-bfeb-d652ab2915a5","documentId":"open-science-source-24-c9","id":"c26","text":"The additional-license approach is the most straightforward approach that minimizes complexity and burden in compliance for grantee institutions and authors.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"additional license approach simplicity","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"This is the most straightforward approach that minimizes complexity and burden in compliance by grantee institutions and authors.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-24-c9/c27","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/eef7a88743e04158","nativeRecordCid":"887abd8f-6832-4314-89ab-38a2e4ea4ad0","documentId":"open-science-source-24-c9","id":"c27","text":"The Federal Purpose License provides the agency its license at the moment the scholarly publication is created.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"Federal Purpose License licensing timing","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Requiring that this additional license be granted as a term and condition of funding would ensure that the agency receives its additional license at the moment the scholarly publication is created, which is how the longstanding FPL operates.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-24-c9/c28","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/0d17ef23820f499c","nativeRecordCid":"87258d5c-9830-474c-b841-e6e410ebc68a","documentId":"open-science-source-24-c9","id":"c28","text":"Even if an author from a grantee's institution signs a publication agreement that conflicts with the agency's license, the agency's license remains intact.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"additional license robustness against conflicting agreements","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"In this way, even if an author from the grantee’s institution signs a publication agreement that conflicts with the agency’s license, the agency’s license remains intact, as is the case with the agency’s FPL.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-24-c9/c29","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/9b2c118b66804dda","nativeRecordCid":"f2fd6273-7b52-46b9-a5ce-29aaf72eac14","documentId":"open-science-source-24-c9","id":"c29","text":"NIJ should develop template language that can be attached to or included with the publication, either by the author or NIJ/PMC staff, to indicate the publication is available under an open license.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"NIJ","subject":"NIJ template language for open license","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"We also recommend the agency develop template language that can be attached to or included with the publication, either by the author or NIJ/PubMed Central (PMC) staff, to indicate the publication is available under an open license.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-24-c9/c30","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/a78dc563f3b7405b","nativeRecordCid":"73d7c972-d145-4af5-b4d8-6442c50434e8","documentId":"open-science-source-24-c9","id":"c30","text":"Compliance must be made easy for researchers to facilitate successful implementation of NIJ's policy.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"NIJ","subject":"ease of compliance for researchers","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Making compliance easy for researchers will be critical to facilitate successful implementation of NIJ’s policy.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-24-c9/c31","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/eb56f6a502894ff6","nativeRecordCid":"22791afb-e502-42c5-b0d3-cb48bf4f5808","documentId":"open-science-source-24-c9","id":"c31","text":"NIJ should consider institutional repositories as viable compliance options for the deposit of publications.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"NIJ","subject":"NIJ considering institutional repositories","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"We encourage the agency to consider institutional repositories as viable compliance options for the deposit of publications as well.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-24-c9/c32","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/a3b49f15fc4a4b44","nativeRecordCid":"56a462aa-0ab2-4470-bff6-d754ce9af0e2","documentId":"open-science-source-24-c9","id":"c32","text":"Institutional repositories run by libraries and other research institutions generally do not charge authors to deposit articles or manuscripts.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"institutional repository deposit costs","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Institutional repositories run by libraries and other research institutions generally do not charge authors to deposit articles or manuscripts.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-24-c9/c33","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/9eb11e6fe7bd4bed","nativeRecordCid":"80fb2324-8375-407d-909e-4154737e9f6b","documentId":"open-science-source-24-c9","id":"c33","text":"Institutional repositories can play an important role in easing compliance burdens on authors.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"institutional repositories easing compliance burdens","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"They can play an important role in easing compliance burdens on authors, improving discoverability of research outputs, and providing long-term preservation support.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-24-c9/c34","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/3eab672f40674491","nativeRecordCid":"38de4f3f-3b7d-48a6-83d9-d2d2463dd514","documentId":"open-science-source-24-c9","id":"c34","text":"Institutional repositories can play an important role in improving discoverability of research outputs.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"institutional repositories improving discoverability","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"They can play an important role in easing compliance burdens on authors, improving discoverability of research outputs, and providing long-term preservation support.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-24-c9/c35","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/a2a1996b90de4c87","nativeRecordCid":"b4739232-7fc6-4a2b-9d2f-83ab75dce27c","documentId":"open-science-source-24-c9","id":"c35","text":"Institutional repositories can play an important role in providing long-term preservation support.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"institutional repositories providing preservation support","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"They can play an important role in easing compliance burdens on authors, improving discoverability of research outputs, and providing long-term preservation support.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-24-c9/c36","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/596e2809419f4ea9","nativeRecordCid":"a75d0a52-c794-47df-9969-f7dce9b6df3b","documentId":"open-science-source-24-c9","id":"c36","text":"NIJ should engage with the U.S. Repository Network (USRN) and its efforts to identify best practices and workflows for publication repositories.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"NIJ","subject":"NIJ engagement with USRN","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"To this end, we recommend the NIJ engage with the U.S. Repository Network (USRN) and its efforts to identify best practices and workflows for publication repositories.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-24-c9/c37","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/1718abe031564cb9","nativeRecordCid":"758e0e7d-6f9b-4879-969d-c2981c8c4145","documentId":"open-science-source-24-c9","id":"c37","text":"NIJ should consult and consider the desirable characteristics for publication repositories to determine what repositories, beyond PMC, researchers can use for compliance.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"NIJ","subject":"NIJ consulting repository characteristics","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"These\n\ndesirable characteristics for publication repositories are important for the agency to consult and consider what repositories, beyond PMC, researchers can use for compliance.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-24-c9/c38","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/2a3e9972809b4233","nativeRecordCid":"ea0020c4-a3d4-497f-9aed-a6d2f32c12d5","documentId":"open-science-source-24-c9","id":"c38","text":"The free flow of scientific information improves public trust in science.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"free flow of scientific information and trust","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"In line with the Office of Science and Technology Policy’s scientific integrity framework, we believe the free flow of scientific information improves public trust in science in addition to driving innovation and new discoveries.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-24-c9/c39","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/9ef8479e28c6404c","nativeRecordCid":"0d8eed82-5ec9-4d8c-ada0-c59cebdd78d2","documentId":"open-science-source-24-c9","id":"c39","text":"The free flow of scientific information drives innovation.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"free flow of scientific information and innovation","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"In line with the Office of Science and Technology Policy’s scientific integrity framework, we believe the free flow of scientific information improves public trust in science in addition to driving innovation and new discoveries.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-24-c9/c40","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/6922cceaa17a49d6","nativeRecordCid":"a3893a9d-5297-4410-8a28-2b1875226864","documentId":"open-science-source-24-c9","id":"c40","text":"The free flow of scientific information drives new discoveries.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"free flow of scientific information and discoveries","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"In line with the Office of Science and Technology Policy’s scientific integrity framework, we believe the free flow of scientific information improves public trust in science in addition to driving innovation and new discoveries.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-24-c9/c41","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/3127253295fd4647","nativeRecordCid":"881ca3a4-d917-4b12-80f4-6eaca90aa64b","documentId":"open-science-source-24-c9","id":"c41","text":"Requiring that underlying data be shared unlocks the scientific community's ability to reproduce studies.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"data sharing and reproducibility","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Requiring that the underlying data be shared unlocks the scientific community’s ability to reproduce the study and debate the findings and methods behind the publication.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-24-c9/c42","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/bc08cd5232914878","nativeRecordCid":"193da827-bf1e-4b9c-a23f-e7c75b073c38","documentId":"open-science-source-24-c9","id":"c42","text":"Requiring that underlying data be shared unlocks the scientific community's ability to debate the findings and methods behind publications.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"data sharing and debate of findings","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Requiring that the underlying data be shared unlocks the scientific community’s ability to reproduce the study and debate the findings and methods behind the publication.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-24-c9/c43","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/abcbf00d2d574524","nativeRecordCid":"6081a596-5f7f-49be-a806-f8cb65ab53f8","documentId":"open-science-source-24-c9","id":"c43","text":"The re-analysis of findings allows other experts to root out false results, increasing public trust in science.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"re-analysis of findings and false results","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The re-analysis of findings allows other experts to root out false results, increasing public trust in science.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-24-c9/c44","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/11fcf7dec0c045e4","nativeRecordCid":"f978a7c5-cf2b-4697-a885-dc94101b14a5","documentId":"open-science-source-24-c9","id":"c44","text":"Making data public enables broader engagement with the science.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"public data and engagement with science","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Making this data public also enables broader engagement with the science and can catalyze collaboration and ideas for future research.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-24-c9/c45","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/b3e8138667be4e00","nativeRecordCid":"7c71dea4-0ff7-4bc8-a6c5-6834712688a5","documentId":"open-science-source-24-c9","id":"c45","text":"Making data public can catalyze collaboration and ideas for future research.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"public data and future research collaboration","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Making this data public also enables broader engagement with the science and can catalyze collaboration and ideas for future research.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-24-c9/c46","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/7e0abe96a9f64735","nativeRecordCid":"43f82441-519e-4c31-94e1-3ebe2ccc5877","documentId":"open-science-source-24-c9","id":"c46","text":"Other researchers can ensure the integrity of the findings.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"researchers ensuring integrity of findings","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Other researchers can not only ensure the integrity of the findings but build on them to generate new knowledge within and across disciplines.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-24-c9/c47","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/33fa7b9609ca4162","nativeRecordCid":"1a5048e8-c545-4055-a9cd-70dc0f842e95","documentId":"open-science-source-24-c9","id":"c47","text":"Other researchers can build on findings to generate new knowledge within and across disciplines.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"researchers building on findings","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Other researchers can not only ensure the integrity of the findings but build on them to generate new knowledge within and across disciplines.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-24-c9/c48","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/a68f79ac60c24d4f","nativeRecordCid":"f1c0f799-f943-4ea9-8993-34364b92628a","documentId":"open-science-source-24-c9","id":"c48","text":"The cost of data sharing, preservation, and storage is a challenge for some institutions and researchers.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"cost of data sharing as challenge","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The cost of data sharing, preservation, and storage is a challenge for some institutions and researchers.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-24-c9/c49","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/fad39485b1e04c86","nativeRecordCid":"794bc21a-30b3-4b81-b913-967477f2217e","documentId":"open-science-source-24-c9","id":"c49","text":"Libraries play an important role in facilitating research data sharing, storage, and management.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"libraries facilitating data sharing","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Libraries play an important role in facilitating research data sharing, storage, and management as well as educating faculty and students about campus data resources.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-24-c9/c50","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/75cd5c6005c24db2","nativeRecordCid":"c41818ff-5d2b-4804-a03e-62cab2aebfbb","documentId":"open-science-source-24-c9","id":"c50","text":"Libraries play an important role in educating faculty and students about campus data resources.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"libraries educating about data resources","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Libraries play an important role in facilitating research data sharing, storage, and management as well as educating faculty and students about campus data resources.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-24-c9/c51","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/9547b7d032314647","nativeRecordCid":"098588b3-5bc9-44e7-89fd-d8ec03f92823","documentId":"open-science-source-24-c9","id":"c51","text":"Complying with the data requirement presents challenges, particularly around costs and the implementation of new campus workflows and policies.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"data requirement compliance challenges","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"While complying with the data requirement will present challenges, particularly around costs and the implementation of new campus workflows and policies, NIJ can mitigate these challenges by investing in open data infrastructure and data repository coordination activities in partnership with libraries.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-24-c9/c52","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/4e8ff0137c504718","nativeRecordCid":"9e30b464-c6dc-444a-be8a-ca2cf681b5d3","documentId":"open-science-source-24-c9","id":"c52","text":"NIJ can mitigate data-compliance challenges by investing in open data infrastructure and data repository coordination activities in partnership with libraries.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"NIJ mitigating data compliance challenges","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"While complying with the data requirement will present challenges, particularly around costs and the implementation of new campus workflows and policies, NIJ can mitigate these challenges by investing in open data infrastructure and data repository coordination activities in partnership with libraries.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-24-c9/c53","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/cd7eb8b38c9c4b32","nativeRecordCid":"15e2dbed-8823-4b1a-a1e0-62603f788777","documentId":"open-science-source-24-c9","id":"c53","text":"NIH's GREI initiative aims to establish shared infrastructure and practices among generalist repositories in NIH's data ecosystem.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"NIH's GREI initiative","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"NIH’s GREI initiative is one such example that aims to establish shared infrastructure and practices among generalist repositories in NIH’s data ecosystem.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-24-c9/c54","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/a10db8ff6f3144e0","nativeRecordCid":"c3f10b5c-7743-44ab-b768-37192ebe9edc","documentId":"open-science-source-24-c9","id":"c54","text":"Partnerships between NIJ and other agencies in supporting data repositories would be beneficial in removing barriers to compliance for researchers and their institutions.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"NIJ partnerships with other agencies on data repositories","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Partnerships between NIJ and other agencies in supporting data repositories would be beneficial in removing barriers to compliance for researchers and their institutions.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-24-c9/c55","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/ec347fccc6f14c3e","nativeRecordCid":"7d185d5a-edf7-4764-8f89-d521cf98b9eb","documentId":"open-science-source-24-c9","id":"c55","text":"NIJ should ensure research datasets underlying its publications are made available in data repositories that meet the desirable characteristics outlined in the NSTC's recommendations for data repositories, particularly regarding security and integrity and risk management.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"NIJ","subject":"NIJ ensuring datasets meet NSTC characteristics","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"NIJ should ensure research datasets underlying its publications are made available in data repositories that meet the desirable characteristics outlined in the National Science & Technology Council’s (NSTC) recommendations for data repositories, particularly regarding security and integrity and risk management.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-24-c9/c56","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/92934107688a4c0d","nativeRecordCid":"bb2e5370-2349-4c81-b7ad-539a176cd963","documentId":"open-science-source-24-c9","id":"c56","text":"NIJ should require the use of external persistent identifiers (PIDs).","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"NIJ","subject":"NIJ requiring use of PIDs","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"NIJ should require the use of external persistent identifiers (PIDs) and specifically adopt Digital Object Identifiers (DOIs) for publications, datasets, and Data Management Plans, ORCIDs for researchers, and RORs for institutional affiliations, all of which are nonproprietary community standards for each identifier type.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-24-c9/c57","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/85fe657214a74e96","nativeRecordCid":"ea2136cb-2934-41f6-aa1d-b286412c30a3","documentId":"open-science-source-24-c9","id":"c57","text":"NIJ should adopt Digital Object Identifiers (DOIs) for publications, datasets, and Data Management Plans.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"NIJ","subject":"NIJ adopting DOIs","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"NIJ should require the use of external persistent identifiers (PIDs) and specifically adopt Digital Object Identifiers (DOIs) for publications, datasets, and Data Management Plans, ORCIDs for researchers, and RORs for institutional affiliations, all of which are nonproprietary community standards for each identifier type.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-24-c9/c58","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/de190051633c4b77","nativeRecordCid":"c49066ec-91db-400d-b163-42efe40abe06","documentId":"open-science-source-24-c9","id":"c58","text":"NIJ should adopt ORCIDs for researchers.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"NIJ","subject":"NIJ adopting ORCIDs","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"NIJ should require the use of external persistent identifiers (PIDs) and specifically adopt Digital Object Identifiers (DOIs) for publications, datasets, and Data Management Plans, ORCIDs for researchers, and RORs for institutional affiliations, all of which are nonproprietary community standards for each identifier type.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-24-c9/c59","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/a881f73553854579","nativeRecordCid":"46487d96-2ea9-43a7-874b-19c130d66aec","documentId":"open-science-source-24-c9","id":"c59","text":"NIJ should adopt RORs for institutional affiliations.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"NIJ","subject":"NIJ adopting RORs","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"NIJ should require the use of external persistent identifiers (PIDs) and specifically adopt Digital Object Identifiers (DOIs) for publications, datasets, and Data Management Plans, ORCIDs for researchers, and RORs for institutional affiliations, all of which are nonproprietary community standards for each identifier type.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-24-c9/c60","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/eb1af6f1c65b4eb8","nativeRecordCid":"46b4055f-a130-40c4-9bb4-899ff93f44aa","documentId":"open-science-source-24-c9","id":"c60","text":"DOIs, ORCIDs, and RORs are nonproprietary community standards for each identifier type.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"DOI/ORCID/ROR as nonproprietary standards","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"NIJ should require the use of external persistent identifiers (PIDs) and specifically adopt Digital Object Identifiers (DOIs) for publications, datasets, and Data Management Plans, ORCIDs for researchers, and RORs for institutional affiliations, all of which are nonproprietary community standards for each identifier type.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-24-c9/c61","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/e50279f22c4141d0","nativeRecordCid":"0b0eff69-733b-44f4-b5f3-cb72f021789c","documentId":"open-science-source-24-c9","id":"c61","text":"NIJ's PIDs efforts should be coordinated with other participants in interagency working groups, including the NSTC's Subcommittee on Open Science, to identify best practices and potential standards.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"NIJ","subject":"coordination of NIJ's PID efforts","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"NIJ’s PIDs efforts should be coordinated with other participants in interagency working groups, including the NSTC’s Subcommittee on Open Science, to identify best practices and potential standards.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-24-c9/c62","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/a4994cd39977423c","nativeRecordCid":"31f830e0-04fa-4e51-903c-8677a7d5db8d","documentId":"open-science-source-24-c9","id":"c62","text":"NIJ should consider collaboration with standards bodies, such as the National Information Standards Organization (NISO), to develop a framework and set of standards for a national PIDs strategy to facilitate smooth implementation.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"NIJ","subject":"NIJ collaboration with standards bodies on PIDs","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Information Standards Organization (NISO), to develop a framework and set of standards for a national PIDs strategy to facilitate smooth implementation.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-24-c9/c63","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/2c64ebf6c1834a32","nativeRecordCid":"47ea48de-794e-4371-ba97-64c8d7e86e05","documentId":"open-science-source-24-c9","id":"c63","text":"PIDs have growing centrality in research infrastructure.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"PIDs' centrality in research infrastructure","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Given the growing centrality of PIDs in research infrastructure, it is essential that the NIJ and other federal agencies only adopt nonproprietary identifier types that enable the broadest possible use and allow anyone to leverage this information in new and innovative ways.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-24-c9/c64","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/4266aa5d3a454b53","nativeRecordCid":"f3d04d7b-fddd-4e3c-8145-5e3b264b5001","documentId":"open-science-source-24-c9","id":"c64","text":"NIJ and other federal agencies must only adopt nonproprietary identifier types that enable the broadest possible use and allow anyone to leverage this information in new and innovative ways.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"NIJ and other federal agencies","subject":"federal agencies adopting nonproprietary identifiers","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Given the growing centrality of PIDs in research infrastructure, it is essential that the NIJ and other federal agencies only adopt nonproprietary identifier types that enable the broadest possible use and allow anyone to leverage this information in new and innovative ways.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-24-c9/c65","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/93969ca87565461b","nativeRecordCid":"a58afc06-b33a-45f9-aba6-abc3da0f7cf8","documentId":"open-science-source-24-c9","id":"c65","text":"PIDs for people should align with the NSTC's and OSTP's guidance and policy implementing NSPM-33.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"NIJ","subject":"PIDs for people alignment with NSPM-33","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"PIDs for people, in particular, should align with the NSTC’s and OSTP’s guidance and policy implementing NSPM-33.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-24-c9/c66","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/357c9a88494c454a","nativeRecordCid":"ddb20d94-61a6-4737-b283-38267a8d916b","documentId":"open-science-source-24-c9","id":"c66","text":"NIJ's policy should require the use of PIDs that meet the NSPM-33 Implementation Guidance requirement that their provider be an \"open, non-proprietary, researcher-driven platform.\"","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"NIJ","subject":"NIJ's PID policy provider requirement","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"To this end, NIJ’s policy should require the use of PIDs that meet the NSPM-33 Implementation Guidance requirement that their provider be an “open, non-proprietary, researcher-driven platform.”","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-24-c9/c67","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/d787105a23a54254","nativeRecordCid":"ae14903b-0454-49c2-8cbf-7e6b3f7ebe51","documentId":"open-science-source-24-c9","id":"c67","text":"Metadata should be submitted with publications and data to enable discovery, reuse, and citation, using schemas that are appropriate to, and ideally widely used across, the research or discipline communities.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"","subject":"metadata submission for discovery and reuse","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Metadata should be submitted with publications and data to enable discovery, reuse, and citation, using schemas that are appropriate to, and ideally widely used across the research or discipline communities.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-24-c9/c68","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/93098e9c39ef459b","nativeRecordCid":"b5eaa279-3e8a-481e-b4fd-d4412ec062ec","documentId":"open-science-source-24-c9","id":"c68","text":"Metadata should be provided and recorded in a standard, interoperable, nonproprietary format.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"","subject":"metadata format standards","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Metadata should be provided and recorded in a standard, interoperable, nonproprietary format and a CC0 public domain license should be assigned to all metadata.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-24-c9/c69","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/23a18552660d463e","nativeRecordCid":"5dfc5b50-d53d-4c40-aa5c-f01dc956f6c3","documentId":"open-science-source-24-c9","id":"c69","text":"A CC0 public domain license should be assigned to all metadata.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"","subject":"metadata licensing","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Metadata should be provided and recorded in a standard, interoperable, nonproprietary format and a CC0 public domain license should be assigned to all metadata.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-24-c9/c70","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/38c092b5265f476c","nativeRecordCid":"03b16edf-87a7-4114-b6c1-a65bdf4f89bc","documentId":"open-science-source-24-c9","id":"c70","text":"NIJ should require that the software and code funded by the agency carry an open license such as those approved by the Open Source Initiative (OSI).","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"NIJ","subject":"NIJ requiring open license for software","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"We recommend the NIJ require that the software and code funded by the agency carry an open license such as those approved by the Open Source Initiative (OSI) to maximize reuse.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-24-c9/c71","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/559ca339bb4f4450","nativeRecordCid":"e30a3e5c-2b11-4de8-8894-abe02fea6bec","documentId":"open-science-source-24-c9","id":"c71","text":"OSI-approved licenses allow the software to be freely used, modified, and shared.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"OSI-approved license permissions","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"OSI-approved licenses allow the software to be freely used, modified, and shared and meet the community-trusted definition of Open Source.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-24-c9/c72","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/47c8bdf6f29c4ca7","nativeRecordCid":"d9b4838c-8f50-4436-b018-57897a38af7c","documentId":"open-science-source-24-c9","id":"c72","text":"OSI-approved licenses meet the community-trusted definition of Open Source.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"OSI-approved licenses and Open Source definition","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"OSI-approved licenses allow the software to be freely used, modified, and shared and meet the community-trusted definition of Open Source.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-24-c9/c73","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/38a4050da3d94111","nativeRecordCid":"658aed7f-dd07-4099-ba51-c796fc7ddeae","documentId":"open-science-source-24-c9","id":"c73","text":"Placing a CC BY license or its functional equivalent on a research output provides an important foundation for better ensuring that all NIJ research can be accessed and fully reused.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"CC BY license and research accessibility","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"As discussed in previous sections, placing a CC BY license or its functional equivalent on a research output provides an important foundation for better ensuring that all NIJ research can be accessed and fully reused.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-24-c9/c74","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/b2a6266a75a3434b","nativeRecordCid":"371c1ba6-537f-4fc2-8f2b-61f6b6d19eb7","documentId":"open-science-source-24-c9","id":"c74","text":"The reuse rights granted by such a license remove restrictions on adaptations to better enable the use of computer screen readers and other assistive technologies.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"reuse rights and assistive technology","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The reuse rights granted by such a license removes restrictions on adaptations to better enable the use of computer screen readers and other assistive technologies.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-24-c9/c75","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/bcc5740c6ed4461c","nativeRecordCid":"f6dee8a6-6278-4853-a8ce-171277b24744","documentId":"open-science-source-24-c9","id":"c75","text":"NIJ should continue to follow guidance on digital accessibility outlined in Section 508 of the Rehabilitation Act, as well as the Web Content Accessibility Guidelines (WCAG 2.1) produced by the World Wide Web Consortium.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"NIJ","subject":"NIJ following digital accessibility guidance","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"NIJ should continue to follow guidance on digital accessibility outlined in Section 508 of the Rehabilitation Act (29 U.S.C. 794d), as well as the Web Content Accessibility Guidelines (WCAG 2.1) produced by the World Wide Web Consortium.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-24-c9/c76","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/fb3e06a7c5934457","nativeRecordCid":"9397782b-e681-47e3-acd3-66ae3fef01b5","documentId":"open-science-source-24-c9","id":"c76","text":"All NIJ research outputs should be made available in standardized and machine readable formats.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"NIJ","subject":"NIJ research outputs' formats","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Additionally, all NIJ research outputs should be made available in standardized and machine readable formats so that they can be more readily converted to a variety of other formats for use by assistive devices.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-24-c9/c77","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/a3bcce2e70ea4eaf","nativeRecordCid":"554308c2-4548-4928-98f2-a508cee6ef87","documentId":"open-science-source-24-c9","id":"c77","text":"All articles should carry full reuse rights so that taxpayer-funded research can be built upon and interrogated.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"","subject":"articles' reuse rights","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Maximizing reuse of outputs: Ensuring all articles carry full reuse rights so that taxpayer-funded research can be built upon and interrogated;","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-24-c9/c78","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/80e0014344b049b5","nativeRecordCid":"7b5995cb-4ae1-4e2d-9ea3-3dc5b712a821","documentId":"open-science-source-24-c9","id":"c78","text":"Compliance pathways should allow for the deposit of publications and data in any number of repositories, including institutional repositories, as long as they meet desirable characteristics for openness and interoperability.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"","subject":"compliance pathways for repository deposit","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Distributed network of repositories: Compliance pathways that allow for the deposit of publications and data in any number of repositories, including institutional repositories, as long as they meet desirable characteristics for openness and interoperability;","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-24-c9/c79","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/a288af6a41ac4e7e","nativeRecordCid":"7ca09dc4-fd30-4c16-ace9-703a5072d05e","documentId":"open-science-source-24-c9","id":"c79","text":"PIDs should be open and aligned with nonproprietary community standards.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"","subject":"PIDs' openness and standards","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Open and nonproprietary PIDs: PIDs should be open and aligned with nonproprietary community standards;","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-24-c9/c80","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/3403ce24491343e9","nativeRecordCid":"bbe83b70-a535-4c9f-8750-b7e042379032","documentId":"open-science-source-24-c9","id":"c80","text":"The default for implementing public access policies should be requiring the deposit of the author's accepted manuscript into an agency-designated repository which is free.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"agencies","subject":"default compliance pathway","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"No-cost compliance pathways for researchers: The default for implementing public access policies should be requiring the deposit of the author’s accepted manuscript into an agency-designated repository which is free.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-24-c9/c81","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/e6e3e82da4f4484c","nativeRecordCid":"09df802c-1565-4991-9175-810d2fa4cc40","documentId":"open-science-source-24-c9","id":"c81","text":"A publication fee or article processing charge should not be required for compliance.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"","subject":"publication fee requirement for compliance","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"A publication fee or article processing charge (APC) should not be required for compliance.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-24-c9/c82","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/a74a551918644abd","nativeRecordCid":"73e40980-fae5-4c29-8a71-ac0eaf476f24","documentId":"open-science-source-24-c9","id":"c82","text":"Coordination and harmonization across agency policies will be a challenge but one that agencies are equipped to manage.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"coordination across agency policies","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Coordination and harmonization across agency policies will be a challenge but one that agencies are equipped to manage.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-24-c9/c83","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/19949ff9b2304a4a","nativeRecordCid":"f23eb041-4945-4c94-abc7-6be6c51b4c0a","documentId":"open-science-source-24-c9","id":"c83","text":"Agencies should work together through established interagency structures to agree on standards for compliance pathways, PIDs, metadata, and other aspects of public access policies.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"agencies","subject":"agencies working together on standards","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"We recommend agencies work together through established interagency structures to agree on standards for compliance pathways, PIDs, metadata, and other aspects of public access policies.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-25/c1","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/06f3f5d8e86947b2","nativeRecordCid":"81d06410-bbda-481a-a250-e9d199cc74e5","documentId":"open-science-source-25","id":"c1","text":"Open scholarship is the idea that, to advance knowledge, research results of all kinds should be openly shared as early as is practical.","kind":"definitional","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"open scholarship","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Open scholarship (also referred to as “open science” and “open research”) is the idea that, to advance knowledge, research results of all kinds should be openly shared as early as is practical.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-25/c2","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/daa20f9174b741cc","nativeRecordCid":"6b4aba75-e3b7-4166-b9e0-38553b689b24","documentId":"open-science-source-25","id":"c2","text":"Open scholarship encompasses all disciplines, including science, the professions, arts and the humanities.","kind":"definitional","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"open scholarship","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Open scholarship encompasses all disciplines, including science, the professions, arts and the humanities.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-25/c3","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/8e8c9c87f3f84b75","nativeRecordCid":"c2b38c86-d39c-4e90-9407-987acae6a8f5","documentId":"open-science-source-25","id":"c3","text":"Open access is the ability to freely read and reuse publications.","kind":"definitional","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"open access","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"As an element of open scholarship, open access is the ability to freely read and reuse publications.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-25/c4","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/2e6f06d90a964427","nativeRecordCid":"9834412a-9636-4a83-9d25-c31902b31af5","documentId":"open-science-source-25","id":"c4","text":"Open scholarship is a key strategy for universities to fulfill their core missions of creating, disseminating, and preserving knowledge for the benefit of society.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"open scholarship","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Open scholarship is a key strategy for universities to fulfill their core missions of creating, disseminating, and preserving knowledge for the benefit of society.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-25/c5","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/0f07a95148ef432e","nativeRecordCid":"771845a0-4bdd-41f9-aa2d-2527a8a74df6","documentId":"open-science-source-25","id":"c5","text":"Open scholarship provides transparency so that others can validate the quality, accuracy and reproducibility of research, thus building the public's trust.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"open scholarship","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"It provides transparency so that others can validate the quality, accuracy and reproducibility of research, thus building the public’s trust.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-25/c6","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/fadb2989f1e24111","nativeRecordCid":"3778dc26-2e77-43da-922f-4a62ea51075a","documentId":"open-science-source-25","id":"c6","text":"Open scholarship enables and expedites collaboration among researchers through sharing of data, methods and tools early in the discovery process.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"open scholarship","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"It enables and expedites collaboration among researchers through sharing of data, methods and tools early in the discovery process.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-25/c7","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/1c5e39dd40c04105","nativeRecordCid":"45601b9f-c707-430c-809e-4f30426ef5e5","documentId":"open-science-source-25","id":"c7","text":"Open scholarship promotes efficiency by rapidly informing others of promising avenues of research as well as potential dead-ends.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"open scholarship","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"It promotes efficiency, by rapidly informing others of promising avenues of research as well as potential dead-ends.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-25/c8","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/dbb618bbe2c44330","nativeRecordCid":"c65e716b-d0b1-4751-9876-99fbb0b68761","documentId":"open-science-source-25","id":"c8","text":"Open scholarship is a key tool for creating a more equitable, inclusive, and just research environment.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"open scholarship","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Much as MIT’s OpenCourseWare initiative has democratized access to online learning, open scholarship is a key tool for creating a more equitable, inclusive, and just research environment.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-25/c9","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/7fd99ae7f0a74531","nativeRecordCid":"962248d6-e96c-4e21-9f6a-d336f41aa952","documentId":"open-science-source-25","id":"c9","text":"Open scholarship increases recognition for research through broad availability.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"open scholarship","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"It increases recognition for research through broad availability and engages both peers and the public at large in science and other scholarly activity.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-25/c10","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/4c60d412ba974e5c","nativeRecordCid":"46ca0c44-c016-4ec1-a2ce-2536c74ae560","documentId":"open-science-source-25","id":"c10","text":"Open scholarship engages both peers and the public at large in science and other scholarly activity.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"open scholarship","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"It increases recognition for research through broad availability and engages both peers and the public at large in science and other scholarly activity.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-25/c11","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/d9a15fb3b493422c","nativeRecordCid":"fc868a40-5512-4c33-83fd-298e271cc572","documentId":"open-science-source-25","id":"c11","text":"Open scholarship has proved particularly effective in addressing grand challenges by providing a platform for global cooperation, rapid dissemination, and information equity.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"open scholarship","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Open scholarship has proved particularly effective in addressing grand challenges, such as the Covid-19 pandemic, by providing a platform for global cooperation, rapid dissemination, and information equity.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-25/c12","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/65430313611f47fe","nativeRecordCid":"c83112b1-5f11-4ec6-99dc-afb4d10adb5e","documentId":"open-science-source-25","id":"c12","text":"Institutions that embrace open scholarship are increasingly seen as global research leaders.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"institutions embracing open scholarship","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Institutions that embrace open scholarship are increasingly seen as global research leaders.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-25/c13","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/3332284c640f4adc","nativeRecordCid":"d638d4d5-16ff-4c50-88fc-56e5bd7a4913","documentId":"open-science-source-25","id":"c13","text":"Federal research sponsors are following open science guidelines created by the White House Office of Science and Technology Policy.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"federal research sponsors","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Federal research sponsors are following open science guidelines created by the White House Office of Science and Technology Policy.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-25/c14","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/5c9719e4a0554953","nativeRecordCid":"0ccea543-5b54-45c2-b7b8-e647d646e39e","documentId":"open-science-source-25","id":"c14","text":"Foundations increasingly require grantees to share research data and other research products.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"foundations","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Like federal sponsors, scores of foundations are increasingly requiring grantees to share research data and other research products as well as publish open access articles.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-25/c15","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/d0a8f3d9511e428c","nativeRecordCid":"d2f965d0-ec68-4295-b6ab-80d1b1333666","documentId":"open-science-source-25","id":"c15","text":"Foundations increasingly require grantees to publish open access articles.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"foundations","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Like federal sponsors, scores of foundations are increasingly requiring grantees to share research data and other research products as well as publish open access articles.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-25/c16","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/43a8a1a087284ed6","nativeRecordCid":"7a72801d-5b4a-4a93-adcb-3ff1bde762c7","documentId":"open-science-source-25","id":"c16","text":"Universities must comply with sponsor rules to continue receiving grant funds.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"universities","subject":"grant fund compliance","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Continued receipt of grant funds by universities requires compliance with these sponsor rules.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-25/c17","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/1cf7a545624e4881","nativeRecordCid":"b8869563-5721-4b5d-896d-a61f4dedf668","documentId":"open-science-source-25","id":"c17","text":"Open scholarship entails a culture shift in how research is conducted in universities.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"open scholarship","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Open scholarship entails a culture shift in how research is conducted in universities.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-25/c18","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/4f8fc371dfe04416","nativeRecordCid":"bc633e42-9524-4732-a7ba-9eb706cf6898","documentId":"open-science-source-25","id":"c18","text":"University administration must take action, working in concert with faculty, sponsors and disciplinary communities, to support open scholarship.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"university administration","subject":"support for open scholarship","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"It requires action on the part of university administration, working in concert with faculty, sponsors and disciplinary communities.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-25/c19","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/15a4db24c0444849","nativeRecordCid":"5728eed9-63dc-4d17-a4ab-2f42c3c7e256","documentId":"open-science-source-25","id":"c19","text":"Academic hiring, review, tenure and promotion policies should be reviewed for alignment with open scholarship.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"universities","subject":"academic hiring, review, tenure and promotion policies","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Language and guidance should be reviewed for alignment with open scholarship, in particular: (1) academic hiring, review, tenure and promotion (valuing diverse types of research products; metrics that incentivize the open dissemination of articles, data, and other research outputs; and valuing collaborative research); (2) intellectual property (ownership, licensing and distribution of data, software, materials and publications); (3) research data protection (for data to be stored and shared through repositories); (4) attribution (recognizing full range of contributions);  and (5) privacy (insuring that privacy obligations are met).","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-25/c20","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/40fd7e2b4e074708","nativeRecordCid":"81d2bfb3-d3b1-4588-8cf9-fd89d5ee5126","documentId":"open-science-source-25","id":"c20","text":"Intellectual property policies should be reviewed for alignment with open scholarship.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"universities","subject":"intellectual property policies","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Language and guidance should be reviewed for alignment with open scholarship, in particular: (1) academic hiring, review, tenure and promotion (valuing diverse types of research products; metrics that incentivize the open dissemination of articles, data, and other research outputs; and valuing collaborative research); (2) intellectual property (ownership, licensing and distribution of data, software, materials and publications); (3) research data protection (for data to be stored and shared through repositories); (4) attribution (recognizing full range of contributions);  and (5) privacy (insuring that privacy obligations are met).","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-25/c21","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/ee91684240d54024","nativeRecordCid":"732bbcf2-f7f0-4a39-a947-6b4997380b6d","documentId":"open-science-source-25","id":"c21","text":"Research data protection policies should be reviewed for alignment with open scholarship.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"universities","subject":"research data protection policies","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Language and guidance should be reviewed for alignment with open scholarship, in particular: (1) academic hiring, review, tenure and promotion (valuing diverse types of research products; metrics that incentivize the open dissemination of articles, data, and other research outputs; and valuing collaborative research); (2) intellectual property (ownership, licensing and distribution of data, software, materials and publications); (3) research data protection (for data to be stored and shared through repositories); (4) attribution (recognizing full range of contributions);  and (5) privacy (insuring that privacy obligations are met).","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-25/c22","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/53db504ab1ae4cdb","nativeRecordCid":"5f6155cc-fd62-4cb5-82a0-72415dace3ff","documentId":"open-science-source-25","id":"c22","text":"Attribution policies should be reviewed for alignment with open scholarship.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"universities","subject":"attribution policies","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Language and guidance should be reviewed for alignment with open scholarship, in particular: (1) academic hiring, review, tenure and promotion (valuing diverse types of research products; metrics that incentivize the open dissemination of articles, data, and other research outputs; and valuing collaborative research); (2) intellectual property (ownership, licensing and distribution of data, software, materials and publications); (3) research data protection (for data to be stored and shared through repositories); (4) attribution (recognizing full range of contributions);  and (5) privacy (insuring that privacy obligations are met).","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-25/c23","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/da2ef5e4af814839","nativeRecordCid":"0d34e62f-d94b-4509-b547-1be75b5ebc79","documentId":"open-science-source-25","id":"c23","text":"Privacy policies should be reviewed for alignment with open scholarship.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"universities","subject":"privacy policies","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Language and guidance should be reviewed for alignment with open scholarship, in particular: (1) academic hiring, review, tenure and promotion (valuing diverse types of research products; metrics that incentivize the open dissemination of articles, data, and other research outputs; and valuing collaborative research); (2) intellectual property (ownership, licensing and distribution of data, software, materials and publications); (3) research data protection (for data to be stored and shared through repositories); (4) attribution (recognizing full range of contributions);  and (5) privacy (insuring that privacy obligations are met).","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-25/c24","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/2fc619c702f54878","nativeRecordCid":"5af35ebf-ccdb-4535-9bfc-e9813ea749f0","documentId":"open-science-source-25","id":"c24","text":"Researchers must be given support to ensure that data and other research objects are managed according to FAIR Principles.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"universities","subject":"support for FAIR data management","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Researchers need support to assure that data and other research objects are managed according to FAIR Principles: findable, accessible, interoperable and reusable.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-25/c25","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/3390da6067894bb2","nativeRecordCid":"301c8e10-045d-409b-95d0-68c7565667fe","documentId":"open-science-source-25","id":"c25","text":"FAIR Principles comprise the principle that data and research objects should be findable.","kind":"definitional","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"FAIR Principles","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Researchers need support to assure that data and other research objects are managed according to FAIR Principles: findable, accessible, interoperable and reusable.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-25/c26","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/95de629e5b5f49a0","nativeRecordCid":"a05892fd-5ed3-4da1-a174-62d05c92b336","documentId":"open-science-source-25","id":"c26","text":"FAIR Principles comprise the principle that data and research objects should be accessible.","kind":"definitional","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"FAIR Principles","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Researchers need support to assure that data and other research objects are managed according to FAIR Principles: findable, accessible, interoperable and reusable.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-25/c27","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/78a167c80ab140a8","nativeRecordCid":"f001fe5c-c4ac-4de9-a320-baeb99da36bd","documentId":"open-science-source-25","id":"c27","text":"FAIR Principles comprise the principle that data and research objects should be interoperable.","kind":"definitional","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"FAIR Principles","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Researchers need support to assure that data and other research objects are managed according to FAIR Principles: findable, accessible, interoperable and reusable.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-25/c28","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/9526150638814b28","nativeRecordCid":"2f435406-9cac-435a-b241-3d378416661b","documentId":"open-science-source-25","id":"c28","text":"FAIR Principles comprise the principle that data and research objects should be reusable.","kind":"definitional","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"FAIR Principles","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Researchers need support to assure that data and other research objects are managed according to FAIR Principles: findable, accessible, interoperable and reusable.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-25/c29","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/e4a6f49e27f8479f","nativeRecordCid":"0cc940c2-d3b2-440e-ad2d-b4b0e34a0b4a","documentId":"open-science-source-25","id":"c29","text":"While the specific solution must be tailored to the discipline and research, common standards, including Digital Object Identifiers (DOIs), must be followed.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"universities","subject":"standards for managing research data","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"While the specific solution must be tailored to the discipline and research, common standards, including Digital Object Identifiers (DOIs), must be followed.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-25/c30","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/ad1dfaff9f4e496d","nativeRecordCid":"945efe22-5c4b-4927-9b91-64134fe57474","documentId":"open-science-source-25","id":"c30","text":"Archival storage must be provided for data, materials, specimens and publications to permit reuse.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"universities","subject":"archival storage","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Archival storage is required for data, materials, specimens and publications to permit reuse.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-25/c31","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/c00437361c7a436d","nativeRecordCid":"11ec5ef8-d91e-41ad-a978-9a0192f81220","documentId":"open-science-source-25","id":"c31","text":"Searchable portals must be provided to register research products so they can be located and accessed.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"universities","subject":"searchable portals","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Searchable portals are needed to register research products where they can be located and accessed.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-25/c32","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/203fed2c68264581","nativeRecordCid":"065c33ac-80b1-44ac-8b5b-aa666010d3de","documentId":"open-science-source-25","id":"c32","text":"Universities can recognize efficiencies by utilizing external resources, including existing disciplinary repositories, and by developing shared resources that span the institution when external resources do not exist.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"universities' use of external and shared resources","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Universities can recognize efficiencies by utilizing external resources (including existing disciplinary repositories) and by developing shared resources that span the institution when external resources do not exist.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-25/c33","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/637a6930b6544993","nativeRecordCid":"0e78de1b-8b6a-4cad-95d6-37d485761471","documentId":"open-science-source-25","id":"c33","text":"Presidents and provosts should work with their academic senates to create an open scholarship initiative that promotes institution-wide actions supporting open scholarship practices, while remaining sufficiently flexible to accommodate disciplinary differences and norms.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"presidents and provosts","subject":"open scholarship initiative","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Presidents and provosts are encouraged to work with their academic senates to create an open scholarship initiative that promotes institution-wide actions supporting open scholarship practices, while remaining sufficiently flexible to accommodate disciplinary differences and norms.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-25/c34","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/1a0e3dd8d7dd49af","nativeRecordCid":"d22b1b8c-bdbc-457b-8cc5-41192edc3b2f","documentId":"open-science-source-25","id":"c34","text":"Universities should view open scholarship as a holistic change in research practices spanning the institution.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"universities","subject":"open scholarship as institutional change","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Universities should view open scholarship as a holistic change in research practices spanning the institution.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-25/c35","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/16e43f014e644f60","nativeRecordCid":"274f2810-e61c-459f-9321-1dcd14576ce0","documentId":"open-science-source-25","id":"c35","text":"Presidents and provosts should designate and empower a senior administrator to lead their open scholarship effort.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"presidents and provosts","subject":"leadership of open scholarship effort","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Presidents and provosts are encouraged to designate and empower a senior administrator to lead their effort, engaging these university units in a combined open scholarship initiative:","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-25/c36","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/194c40becd7e40a4","nativeRecordCid":"022e55e2-9d50-4710-98ce-b7f884a586b7","documentId":"open-science-source-25","id":"c36","text":"Some aspects of open scholarship, such as policy review, can be implemented with minimal resources, while others require careful review of financial needs.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"resources needed for open scholarship","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"While some aspects of open scholarship (such as policy review) can be implemented with minimal resources, others will require careful review of financial needs.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-25/c37","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/f7df236899894f1f","nativeRecordCid":"4c277f86-2beb-4a13-9f9b-a7b80b94092e","documentId":"open-science-source-25","id":"c37","text":"Journals are gravitating toward open access publication.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"journals","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"As journals gravitate toward open access publication, publishers are transitioning from subscriptions to alternative business models (including, but not limited to, article processing charges for authors).","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-25/c38","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/589e78c31e234728","nativeRecordCid":"27074df1-5eef-4c3d-b059-ac7202eb6854","documentId":"open-science-source-25","id":"c38","text":"Publishers are transitioning from subscriptions to alternative business models, including but not limited to article processing charges for authors.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"publishers' business models","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"As journals gravitate toward open access publication, publishers are transitioning from subscriptions to alternative business models (including, but not limited to, article processing charges for authors).","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-25/c39","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/2144c99318094dfa","nativeRecordCid":"7c31a583-7232-4c77-abf5-c5ad541b7caf","documentId":"open-science-source-25","id":"c39","text":"Universities must evaluate how to support alternative publishing business models in a manner that promotes openness, equity, trust, and sustainability in scholarly research.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"universities","subject":"support for publishing business models","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Universities must evaluate how to support these models in a manner that promotes openness, equity, trust, and sustainability in scholarly research, as well as ho w to best inform and support their faculty’s publication decisions.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-25/c40","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/8db973f7b7b34ce7","nativeRecordCid":"b5a8c9d7-da43-4607-9ebf-af847d0a559d","documentId":"open-science-source-25","id":"c40","text":"Universities must evaluate how to best inform and support their faculty's publication decisions.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"universities","subject":"faculty publication decisions","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Universities must evaluate how to support these models in a manner that promotes openness, equity, trust, and sustainability in scholarly research, as well as ho w to best inform and support their faculty’s publication decisions.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-25/c41","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/256e94249346411e","nativeRecordCid":"dd9a8c85-4dcc-42d8-9028-3c63d72daeae","documentId":"open-science-source-25","id":"c41","text":"The costs of data storage are declining, and are sometimes available at no charge.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"data storage costs","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Though costs of data storage are declining (and sometimes available at no charge), more data are being stored and for longer periods of time.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-25/c42","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/1fdb852a56ab4fe3","nativeRecordCid":"88bf8211-d4a1-4c2d-b334-b6eaecf37c94","documentId":"open-science-source-25","id":"c42","text":"More data are being stored, and for longer periods of time.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"data storage volume and duration","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Though costs of data storage are declining (and sometimes available at no charge), more data are being stored and for longer periods of time.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-25/c43","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/f26a134aa76e4a9b","nativeRecordCid":"63fc8998-805f-4bfd-a27b-8e0f6a20b03a","documentId":"open-science-source-25","id":"c43","text":"Universities need strategies for financing storage, curation and access.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"universities","subject":"financing storage, curation and access","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Universities need strategies for financing storage, curation and access, which may require a combination of research grant charges and institutional investment.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-25/c44","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/c8362fd371924e72","nativeRecordCid":"822a74d2-66a0-4402-b682-e95b85e2ef25","documentId":"open-science-source-25","id":"c44","text":"Financing strategies for storage, curation and access may require a combination of research grant charges and institutional investment.","kind":"normative","modality":"may","actor":"universities","subject":"financing strategies","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Universities need strategies for financing storage, curation and access, which may require a combination of research grant charges and institutional investment.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-25/c45","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/468f059d013a4438","nativeRecordCid":"64b99ce9-ef43-4ce7-9250-51545d28129a","documentId":"open-science-source-25","id":"c45","text":"Universities may need to reallocate existing resources to better serve modern research practices.","kind":"normative","modality":"may","actor":"universities","subject":"reallocation of resources","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Universities may need to reallocate existing resources to better serve modern research practices.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-25/c46","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/21ecd4cb82914781","nativeRecordCid":"8b8974f8-de6c-4afe-9280-83560957a30b","documentId":"open-science-source-25","id":"c46","text":"The National Academy of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine's Roundtable on Aligning Incentives for Open Science convenes critical stakeholders to discuss the effectiveness of incentives for adopting open science practices and ways to align incentives that support common missions.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"the Roundtable on Aligning Incentives for Open Science","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The National Academy of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine’s Roundtable on Aligning Incentives for Open Science convenes critical stakeholders to discuss the effectiveness of incentives for adopting open science practices and ways to align incentives that support common missions.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-26/c1","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/5cea30b780964ff8","nativeRecordCid":"14e055fb-082c-4ae6-92d2-716711884cc4","documentId":"open-science-source-26","id":"c1","text":"Big data, open data, and open science are advancing to increase access to complex and large datasets for innovation, discovery, and decision-making.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"big data, open data, and open science","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"As big data, open data, and open science advance to increase access to complex and large datasets for innovation, discovery, and decision-making, Indigenous Peoples’ rights to control and access their data within these data environments remain limited.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-26/c2","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/a4626c0ab40444dc","nativeRecordCid":"50b3fe5a-e49e-49f7-855c-a0f47a378877","documentId":"open-science-source-26","id":"c2","text":"Indigenous Peoples' rights to control and access their data within these data environments remain limited.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"Indigenous Peoples' data rights","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"As big data, open data, and open science advance to increase access to complex and large datasets for innovation, discovery, and decision-making, Indigenous Peoples’ rights to control and access their data within these data environments remain limited.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-26/c3","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/22d88fe640fd40fd","nativeRecordCid":"3206f3b4-753a-43ef-8422-88e2bb8d40cd","documentId":"open-science-source-26","id":"c3","text":"Operationalizing the FAIR Principles for scientific data with the CARE Principles for Indigenous Data Governance enhances machine actionability.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"operationalizing FAIR with CARE","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Operationalizing the FAIR Principles for scientific data with the CARE Principles for Indigenous Data Governance enhances machine actionability and brings people and purpose to the fore to resolve Indigenous Peoples’ rights to and interests in their data across the data lifecycle.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-26/c4","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/1679e32795b848c0","nativeRecordCid":"2399d7f6-9dd3-46b9-87b8-f145a59315f6","documentId":"open-science-source-26","id":"c4","text":"Operationalizing the FAIR Principles for scientific data with the CARE Principles for Indigenous Data Governance brings people and purpose to the fore in order to resolve Indigenous Peoples' rights to and interests in their data across the data lifecycle.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"operationalizing FAIR with CARE","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Operationalizing the FAIR Principles for scientific data with the CARE Principles for Indigenous Data Governance enhances machine actionability and brings people and purpose to the fore to resolve Indigenous Peoples’ rights to and interests in their data across the data lifecycle.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-26/c5","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/db4ef98bd2ab4d2a","nativeRecordCid":"d025272d-4633-4845-a481-8b246366f44d","documentId":"open-science-source-26","id":"c5","text":"A common set of criteria enables outcomes of different FAIR assessment methods to be compared.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"common set of assessment criteria","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"With this common set of criteria, outcomes of different assessment methods could be compared and provide a better understanding of the true status across the research community as we move towards meeting the criteria defined.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-26/c6","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/0d5fc25119aa4f2c","nativeRecordCid":"fab437f4-b195-441a-a3d8-b9e851153af6","documentId":"open-science-source-26","id":"c6","text":"A common set of criteria provides a better understanding of the true status across the research community in meeting the FAIR criteria.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"common set of assessment criteria","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"With this common set of criteria, outcomes of different assessment methods could be compared and provide a better understanding of the true status across the research community as we move towards meeting the criteria defined.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-26/c7","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/45ae554da0dc4a48","nativeRecordCid":"a05d118c-2c0a-4ab4-ab73-7b82cc2e2326","documentId":"open-science-source-26","id":"c7","text":"The CARE Principles for Indigenous Data Governance address concerns related to the people and purpose of data.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"CARE Principles","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The ‘CARE Principles for Indigenous Data Governance’ address concerns related to the people and purpose . of data; Collective benefit, Authority to control, Responsibility, and Ethics, and their respective sub-principles[2]","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-26/c8","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/df51e3b32dd543aa","nativeRecordCid":"a835f869-44a7-4ffd-8d77-a0dd978a320e","documentId":"open-science-source-26","id":"c8","text":"The CARE Principles comprise Collective benefit.","kind":"definitional","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"CARE Principles","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The ‘CARE Principles for Indigenous Data Governance’ address concerns related to the people and purpose . of data; Collective benefit, Authority to control, Responsibility, and Ethics, and their respective sub-principles[2]","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-26/c9","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/4788a021d5954c78","nativeRecordCid":"710406e0-6039-4e42-b83a-689a659555c8","documentId":"open-science-source-26","id":"c9","text":"The CARE Principles comprise Authority to control.","kind":"definitional","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"CARE Principles","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The ‘CARE Principles for Indigenous Data Governance’ address concerns related to the people and purpose . of data; Collective benefit, Authority to control, Responsibility, and Ethics, and their respective sub-principles[2]","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-26/c10","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/590a13333c6a420b","nativeRecordCid":"a3365e45-1b6b-4cd4-a78a-84b3758340dd","documentId":"open-science-source-26","id":"c10","text":"The CARE Principles comprise Responsibility.","kind":"definitional","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"CARE Principles","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The ‘CARE Principles for Indigenous Data Governance’ address concerns related to the people and purpose . of data; Collective benefit, Authority to control, Responsibility, and Ethics, and their respective sub-principles[2]","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-26/c11","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/ea9b271b95624891","nativeRecordCid":"7e199733-0ab0-4e37-9a5f-fad7562ffedc","documentId":"open-science-source-26","id":"c11","text":"The CARE Principles comprise Ethics.","kind":"definitional","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"CARE Principles","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The ‘CARE Principles for Indigenous Data Governance’ address concerns related to the people and purpose . of data; Collective benefit, Authority to control, Responsibility, and Ethics, and their respective sub-principles[2]","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-26/c12","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/5100e5bbd3724566","nativeRecordCid":"32ad1293-75f6-4b5b-b552-436fbb68042c","documentId":"open-science-source-26","id":"c12","text":"The use of Indigenous data should result in tangible benefits for Indigenous collectives through inclusive development and innovation and improved governance and citizen engagement.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"","subject":"use of Indigenous data","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The CARE Principles detail that the use of Indigenous data should result in tangible benefits for Indigenous collectives through inclusive development and innovation, improved governance and citizen engagement, and result in equitable outcomes[3] .","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-26/c13","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/77f635cb48c04414","nativeRecordCid":"328a9c11-878f-4fd2-8064-a0944ede7aed","documentId":"open-science-source-26","id":"c13","text":"The use of Indigenous data should result in equitable outcomes.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"","subject":"use of Indigenous data","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The CARE Principles detail that the use of Indigenous data should result in tangible benefits for Indigenous collectives through inclusive development and innovation, improved governance and citizen engagement, and result in equitable outcomes[3] .","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-26/c14","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/c6c0350c76794be4","nativeRecordCid":"f7dca66d-8a86-416c-a3f9-77f1317b1373","documentId":"open-science-source-26","id":"c14","text":"Collective benefit is more likely to be realized when data ecosystems are designed to support Indigenous nations.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"collective benefit","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"**Collective benefit** is more likely to be realized when data ecosystems are designed to support Indigenous nations and when the use/reuse of data for resource allocation is consistent with community values.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-26/c15","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/d655071232b04c79","nativeRecordCid":"f971d751-b039-4d71-b19c-dd1a05cf7d09","documentId":"open-science-source-26","id":"c15","text":"Collective benefit is more likely to be realized when the use/reuse of data for resource allocation is consistent with community values.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"collective benefit","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"**Collective benefit** is more likely to be realized when data ecosystems are designed to support Indigenous nations and when the use/reuse of data for resource allocation is consistent with community values.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-26/c16","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/c8359d2a3fc34c84","nativeRecordCid":"4ed6f82b-0093-4916-9fde-e171ee0c76de","documentId":"open-science-source-26","id":"c16","text":"UNDRIP asserts Indigenous Peoples' rights and interests in data.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"UNDRIP","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"UNDRIP asserts Indigenous Peoples’ rights and interests in data and their **authority to control** their data.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-26/c17","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/7f0af7823f454928","nativeRecordCid":"9d74d5a8-6893-414b-87b0-cd4a92d9e721","documentId":"open-science-source-26","id":"c17","text":"UNDRIP asserts Indigenous Peoples' authority to control their data.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"UNDRIP","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"UNDRIP asserts Indigenous Peoples’ rights and interests in data and their **authority to control** their data.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-26/c18","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/3687ffe9202b427d","nativeRecordCid":"51fc945d-7ec3-4692-90e9-e759a90a11a3","documentId":"open-science-source-26","id":"c18","text":"Access to data for governance is essential to support self-determination.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"","subject":"access to data for governance","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Access to ‘data for governance’ is vital to support self-determination and Indigenous nations should be actively involved in ‘governance of data’ to ensure ethical reuse of data.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-26/c19","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/04c5953af818412c","nativeRecordCid":"efbfc25a-461b-4e66-ac9c-8eae3c183df3","documentId":"open-science-source-26","id":"c19","text":"Indigenous nations should be actively involved in governance of data to ensure ethical reuse of data.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"Indigenous nations","subject":"governance of data","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Access to ‘data for governance’ is vital to support self-determination and Indigenous nations should be actively involved in ‘governance of data’ to ensure ethical reuse of data.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-26/c20","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/fb678d652a2241a1","nativeRecordCid":"ff8b37d1-5043-49ae-8357-c3033cbc603e","documentId":"open-science-source-26","id":"c20","text":"The majority of Indigenous data is controlled by non-Indigenous institutions.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"control of Indigenous data","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Given the majority of Indigenous data is controlled by non-Indigenous institutions there is a **responsibility** to engage respectfully with those communities to ensure the use of Indigenous data supports capacity development, increasing community data capabilities, and the strengthening of Indigenous languages and cultures.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-26/c21","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/c418bf2ee206465f","nativeRecordCid":"2d3917b9-e8a8-4aaf-be0e-64db07b04a79","documentId":"open-science-source-26","id":"c21","text":"Non-Indigenous institutions that control Indigenous data have a responsibility to engage respectfully with Indigenous communities to ensure the use of Indigenous data supports capacity development, increases community data capabilities, and strengthens Indigenous languages and cultures.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"non-Indigenous institutions that control Indigenous data","subject":"responsibility to engage with Indigenous communities","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Given the majority of Indigenous data is controlled by non-Indigenous institutions there is a **responsibility** to engage respectfully with those communities to ensure the use of Indigenous data supports capacity development, increasing community data capabilities, and the strengthening of Indigenous languages and cultures.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-26/c22","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/3f164a3a86e541b7","nativeRecordCid":"fd231f1a-34cb-4546-8195-1e9caa758f59","documentId":"open-science-source-26","id":"c22","text":"Indigenous Peoples' ethics should inform the use of data across time in order to minimize harm, maximize benefits, promote justice, and allow for future use.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"","subject":"use of data","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Similarly, Indigenous Peoples’ **ethics** should inform the use of data across time in order to minimize harm, maximize benefits, promote justice, and allow for future use.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-26/c23","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/4f28b6b31422418a","nativeRecordCid":"82ef7cf8-ef1e-43e4-8c71-36aa5975f7b8","documentId":"open-science-source-26","id":"c23","text":"The CARE Principles are designed to be complementary to the FAIR Principles and other mainstream data frameworks.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"CARE Principles","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The CARE Principles are designed to be complementary to the FAIR Principles, Findable, Accessible, Interoperable, Reusable[1] , and other mainstream data frameworks, and promote equitable participation and outcomes from data access, use, reuse, and attribution in contemporary data landscapes[2] .","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-26/c24","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/6569e09118b84e70","nativeRecordCid":"d22468d1-071a-4c7d-8c11-e238004daa0b","documentId":"open-science-source-26","id":"c24","text":"The CARE Principles promote equitable participation and outcomes from data access, use, reuse, and attribution in contemporary data landscapes.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"CARE Principles","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The CARE Principles are designed to be complementary to the FAIR Principles, Findable, Accessible, Interoperable, Reusable[1] , and other mainstream data frameworks, and promote equitable participation and outcomes from data access, use, reuse, and attribution in contemporary data landscapes[2] .","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-26/c25","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/2ed65aad174b456d","nativeRecordCid":"cf41bd3b-a1ee-4a00-a37f-a2da865d9b12","documentId":"open-science-source-26","id":"c25","text":"There is a tension between protecting Indigenous rights and interests in data and encouraging FAIR data in a global research environment that also supports open data.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"tension between Indigenous rights and FAIR/open data","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Given the tension between protecting Indigenous rights and interests in data while encouraging FAIR data in a global research environment that also supports open data[8] , implementation of the CARE Principles should be seen as a required dimension of open and FAIR data that ensures the use of data aligns with Indigenous rights, is as open as determined by Indigenous communities, is purposeful, and enhances the wellbeing of Indigenous Peoples.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-26/c26","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/859563a25d024f97","nativeRecordCid":"605b6556-7912-4114-97ba-c1b40591dba2","documentId":"open-science-source-26","id":"c26","text":"Implementation of the CARE Principles should be seen as a required dimension of open and FAIR data.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"","subject":"implementation of the CARE Principles","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Given the tension between protecting Indigenous rights and interests in data while encouraging FAIR data in a global research environment that also supports open data[8] , implementation of the CARE Principles should be seen as a required dimension of open and FAIR data that ensures the use of data aligns with Indigenous rights, is as open as determined by Indigenous communities, is purposeful, and enhances the wellbeing of Indigenous Peoples.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-26/c27","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/329cf72207a64c72","nativeRecordCid":"e0d12d80-84a3-4649-9407-f8bb6619db01","documentId":"open-science-source-26","id":"c27","text":"Implementation of the CARE Principles as a required dimension of open and FAIR data must ensure that the use of data aligns with Indigenous rights.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"","subject":"implementation of the CARE Principles","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Given the tension between protecting Indigenous rights and interests in data while encouraging FAIR data in a global research environment that also supports open data[8] , implementation of the CARE Principles should be seen as a required dimension of open and FAIR data that ensures the use of data aligns with Indigenous rights, is as open as determined by Indigenous communities, is purposeful, and enhances the wellbeing of Indigenous Peoples.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-26/c28","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/bceb0db981754d21","nativeRecordCid":"3a2a61f1-bae8-44ae-8d82-fda47e979e3d","documentId":"open-science-source-26","id":"c28","text":"Implementation of the CARE Principles as a required dimension of open and FAIR data must ensure that data is as open as determined by Indigenous communities.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"","subject":"implementation of the CARE Principles","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Given the tension between protecting Indigenous rights and interests in data while encouraging FAIR data in a global research environment that also supports open data[8] , implementation of the CARE Principles should be seen as a required dimension of open and FAIR data that ensures the use of data aligns with Indigenous rights, is as open as determined by Indigenous communities, is purposeful, and enhances the wellbeing of Indigenous Peoples.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-26/c29","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/d4adbdd0fcb44ea9","nativeRecordCid":"ff5db911-556d-4ed5-939f-ae4e2164ddc4","documentId":"open-science-source-26","id":"c29","text":"Implementation of the CARE Principles as a required dimension of open and FAIR data must ensure that data use is purposeful.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"","subject":"implementation of the CARE Principles","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Given the tension between protecting Indigenous rights and interests in data while encouraging FAIR data in a global research environment that also supports open data[8] , implementation of the CARE Principles should be seen as a required dimension of open and FAIR data that ensures the use of data aligns with Indigenous rights, is as open as determined by Indigenous communities, is purposeful, and enhances the wellbeing of Indigenous Peoples.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-26/c30","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/1b67875374d6429c","nativeRecordCid":"9edf3f13-364b-4673-9af6-c4b75b4a1556","documentId":"open-science-source-26","id":"c30","text":"Implementation of the CARE Principles as a required dimension of open and FAIR data must ensure that data use enhances the wellbeing of Indigenous Peoples.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"","subject":"implementation of the CARE Principles","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Given the tension between protecting Indigenous rights and interests in data while encouraging FAIR data in a global research environment that also supports open data[8] , implementation of the CARE Principles should be seen as a required dimension of open and FAIR data that ensures the use of data aligns with Indigenous rights, is as open as determined by Indigenous communities, is purposeful, and enhances the wellbeing of Indigenous Peoples.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-26/c31","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/eb5d71c743524e9c","nativeRecordCid":"59e0776d-5786-4e8a-8a3d-1e1eb2ecb73d","documentId":"open-science-source-26","id":"c31","text":"Diversity in FAIR assessment methods is a benefit to communities trying to implement the FAIR criteria.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"diversity of FAIR assessment methods","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"This diversity is both a benefit to the communities trying to implement the FAIR criteria, but also a challenge due to the inability to easily compare outcomes.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-26/c32","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/27024647bc894215","nativeRecordCid":"307227df-80d9-47e0-8c3b-565ff9563233","documentId":"open-science-source-26","id":"c32","text":"Diversity in FAIR assessment methods is a challenge due to the inability to easily compare outcomes.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"diversity of FAIR assessment methods","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"This diversity is both a benefit to the communities trying to implement the FAIR criteria, but also a challenge due to the inability to easily compare outcomes.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-26/c33","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/9a2a591c447449af","nativeRecordCid":"3335d299-1a3f-4fef-b2b9-595d4229f99f","documentId":"open-science-source-26","id":"c33","text":"Similar methods could be used to develop a framework for the CARE Principles in an equivalent 18-month timeframe using the RDA community and platform as host.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"development of a CARE framework","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The authors believe similar methods could be used to develop a framework for the CARE Principles in an equivalent 18-month timeframe using the RDA community and platform as a host for the effort.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-26/c34","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/c57aab6f184742be","nativeRecordCid":"877a14ae-eb85-4ab9-a0e5-f456b9095a7a","documentId":"open-science-source-26","id":"c34","text":"The development of a maturity model framework for CARE could be accelerated to completion in as little as 4 years from the inception of the CARE Principles if all efficiencies were in place.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"development of a CARE maturity model framework","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The development of a maturity model framework for CARE could be accelerated with completion in as little as 4 years from the inception of the CARE Principles, targeting the year 2022 if all efficiencies were in place.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-26/c35","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/93f87fbdcb3d4f0c","nativeRecordCid":"20bd1fec-48f5-4d1e-b1ce-d2c81c9ab06e","documentId":"open-science-source-26","id":"c35","text":"There is a paradox of scarcity and abundance for Indigenous data.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"Indigenous data","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Today there is a paradox of scarcity and abundance for Indigenous data[7][,][9] .","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-26/c36","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/fc626bfe8e194f6c","nativeRecordCid":"4a8465d7-8548-4506-a5ed-b1c8256b248d","documentId":"open-science-source-26","id":"c36","text":"There is a scarcity of data that align with Indigenous rights and interests and that Indigenous Peoples can control and access consistent with the CARE Principles.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"Indigenous data availability","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"There is a scarcity of data that align with Indigenous rights and interests and which Indigenous Peoples can control and access in a manner consistent with the CARE Principles.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-26/c37","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/53dc867fbeb64d59","nativeRecordCid":"dcc7b834-3c7f-4704-8e64-2810d0463f05","documentId":"open-science-source-26","id":"c37","text":"There is an abundance of Indigenous data that are buried in larger collections, hard to find, mislabelled, and controlled by others in a manner inconsistent with the FAIR and CARE Principles.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"Indigenous data availability","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"There is an abundance of data that are buried in larger collections, hard to find, mislabelled, and controlled (legally and literally) by others in a manner inconsistent with the FAIR and CARE Principles[10] .","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-26/c38","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/36cbc949448c4264","nativeRecordCid":"4ec4cd88-682e-4307-9fc9-170727be7faf","documentId":"open-science-source-26","id":"c38","text":"Data can be subject to both the CARE and FAIR Principles and produce different outcomes depending on how implementation criteria have been operationalized within cyber infrastructures.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"data subject to CARE and FAIR","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"These two trajectories are represented in Fig. 1 which illustrates that data could be subject to both CARE and FAIR and create different outcomes depending on how implementation criteria have been operationalized within cyber infrastructures.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-26/c39","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/3f8fcd49d76d4ff2","nativeRecordCid":"0b773dfa-7599-4198-a8b0-577e6d932da9","documentId":"open-science-source-26","id":"c39","text":"The development process for CARE should necessarily align with FAIR.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"","subject":"CARE development process","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"It is apparent the development process for CARE should necessarily align with FAIR given the various ways in which the principles might intersect around different datasets or contexts.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-26/c40","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/76a777f6295c472d","nativeRecordCid":"26cadc89-5cd7-47fb-ae5d-6ad983d7adca","documentId":"open-science-source-26","id":"c40","text":"A range of datasets are working towards being FAIR, though many have not taken active steps toward adopting mechanisms that support CARE.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"datasets working towards FAIR and CARE","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"A range of datasets are working towards being FAIR however many have not taken active steps to towards adopting mechanisms that support CARE.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-26/c41","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/f87c90b2569b4df3","nativeRecordCid":"19137bce-2ab3-4e4d-9788-d273b7f5d5c0","documentId":"open-science-source-26","id":"c41","text":"Earth Science Information Partners (ESIP) are working toward developing guidance on how to operationalize CARE and FAIR for repositories.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"Earth Science Information Partners (ESIP)","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Earth Science Information Partners (ESIP) are working toward developing guidance on how to operationalize CARE and FAIR for repositories.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-26/c42","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/4d978b182cbe4ce2","nativeRecordCid":"a929e6ed-2c8c-4e20-86bc-04b07e28a68e","documentId":"open-science-source-26","id":"c42","text":"Earth and space science research data is highly relevant to Indigenous communities.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"earth and space science research data","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Earth and space science research data is highly relevant to Indigenous communities.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-26/c43","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/56f9d82713494919","nativeRecordCid":"898b840a-5118-436a-a7ba-ce547b94139a","documentId":"open-science-source-26","id":"c43","text":"ESIP's Sustainable Data Management Cluster is reviewing the role of repositories for both CARE and FAIR to determine the needed operational services and criteria.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"ESIP's Sustainable Data Management Cluster","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"ESIP’s Sustainable Data Management Cluster is currently reviewing the role of repositories for both CARE and FAIR to determine the needed operational services and other criteria.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-26/c44","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/3903792e8e7f4343","nativeRecordCid":"5c3c0871-1396-4f18-9cb7-6287d3e54b42","documentId":"open-science-source-26","id":"c44","text":"Data that are well documented through compliance with FAIR criteria are easier to manage when implementing the CARE Principles.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"well-documented FAIR-compliant data","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"An early observation from this work is that data that are well documented through compliance with FAIR criteria are easier to manage when implementing the CARE Principles.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-26/c45","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/73fe89c0735c457a","nativeRecordCid":"b6fc1474-4b2b-4b22-acef-6e07d21443cf","documentId":"open-science-source-26","id":"c45","text":"Tribal databases and Indigenous Content Management Systems hold tribal data using protocols consistent with tribal values and worldviews, thus employing CARE.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"tribal databases and Indigenous Content Management Systems","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Tribal databases and Indigenous Content Management Systems (e.g. Mukurtu.org) hold tribal data using protocols consistent with tribal values and worldviews, thus employing CARE.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-26/c46","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/181ee26e8c9e40b6","nativeRecordCid":"703be0c4-061d-4387-ad34-fc01a603725d","documentId":"open-science-source-26","id":"c46","text":"These collections are generally not consistent with FAIR principles.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"tribal databases and Indigenous Content Management Systems","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"However, these collections are generally not consistent with FAIR principles and require enriched metadata and protocols.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-26/c47","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/eb29d838e10e4382","nativeRecordCid":"aba5e4f4-8917-4037-af51-2a024fe1cac4","documentId":"open-science-source-26","id":"c47","text":"These collections require enriched metadata and protocols to be consistent with FAIR principles.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"","subject":"tribal databases and Indigenous Content Management Systems","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"However, these collections are generally not consistent with FAIR principles and require enriched metadata and protocols.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-26/c48","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/b629cb873ea64990","nativeRecordCid":"f1c2d95d-54f0-4ccc-bfcd-2f1505207894","documentId":"open-science-source-26","id":"c48","text":"The Integrated Data Infrastructure in New Zealand has developed a data access protocol called Ngā Tikanga Paihere which is based on Indigenous concepts and values consistent with CARE while also ensuring the data are FAIR.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"Ngā Tikanga Paihere protocol","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The Integrated Data Infrastructure (IDI) in New Zealand has developed a data access protocol called Ngā Tikanga Paihere which is based on Indigenous concepts and values consistent with CARE as well as ensuring the data are also FAIR (https://data.govt.nz/use-data/data-ethics/nga-tikanga-paihere/).","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-26/c49","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/d4533c33a8564023","nativeRecordCid":"fb729abc-e3a8-47d2-bd53-08470c66b81c","documentId":"open-science-source-26","id":"c49","text":"Application of CARE with FAIR requires a clear set of criteria and tools such as the FAIR Data Maturity Model.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"","subject":"application of CARE with FAIR","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Application of CARE with FAIR requires a clear set of criteria and tools such as the FAIR Data Maturity Model.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-26/c50","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/43ca3deabb504370","nativeRecordCid":"8ef91392-936f-4783-84dd-2d3386c20554","documentId":"open-science-source-26","id":"c50","text":"Compiling existing and creating new tools and criteria for implementing the CARE Principles are needed to achieve data that are FAIR with CARE.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"","subject":"tools and criteria for implementing CARE","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Compiling existing and creating new tools and criteria for implementing the CARE Principles are needed to achieve data that are FAIR with CARE.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-26/c51","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/e020b424f5854f17","nativeRecordCid":"c15cb9e9-d923-4802-b6e6-02f5582b0b9e","documentId":"open-science-source-26","id":"c51","text":"The FAIR Principles are aligned to the global shift towards open science and open data, promoting data-centric criteria that facilitate increased data sharing among entities.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"FAIR Principles","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The FAIR Principles are aligned to the global shift towards open science and open data, promoting data centric criteria that facilitate increased data sharing among entities while ignoring relationships, power differentials, and the historical conditions associated with the collection of data[10][,][11] .","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-26/c52","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/3c7a8cb535374a84","nativeRecordCid":"8f52a209-1552-4dd3-b33d-8e75d7783f31","documentId":"open-science-source-26","id":"c52","text":"The FAIR Principles' data-centric criteria ignore relationships, power differentials, and the historical conditions associated with the collection of data.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"FAIR Principles","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The FAIR Principles are aligned to the global shift towards open science and open data, promoting data centric criteria that facilitate increased data sharing among entities while ignoring relationships, power differentials, and the historical conditions associated with the collection of data[10][,][11] .","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-26/c53","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/8f231aa0f01a419e","nativeRecordCid":"03c15626-41e0-4866-884f-2e83e4b828ca","documentId":"open-science-source-26","id":"c53","text":"These factors continue to affect how ethical and socially responsible data use can occur within the sciences, particularly as machine learning approaches accelerate data re-use.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"ethical and socially responsible data use","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"These factors continue to affect how ethical and socially responsible data use can occur within the sciences particularly as machine learning approaches accelerate data re-use.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-26/c54","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/77ffb0342c574966","nativeRecordCid":"7b0423db-5834-4dde-969b-ce782d3d4471","documentId":"open-science-source-26","id":"c54","text":"Indigenous communities feel tension between protecting their interests in scientific data generated from their lands, waters, and people, and supporting or being subject to open data and data sharing initiatives.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"Indigenous communities","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Concerns about secondary use of data, problems with bias and social inequity, and limited opportunities for benefit-sharing, have focused attention on the tension that Indigenous communities feel between protecting their interests in scientific data generated from their lands, waters, and people, while supporting, or being subject to open data and data sharing initiatives[8][,][12] .","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-26/c55","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/28690ab1649b4b74","nativeRecordCid":"52b7efdc-62d9-429e-8b22-060adedc9e57","documentId":"open-science-source-26","id":"c55","text":"Indigenous communities face a number of challenges in facilitating the culturally appropriate reuse of scientific data.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"Indigenous communities","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Indigenous communities face a number of challenges in facilitating the culturally appropriate reuse of scientific data.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-26/c56","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/f9bfff82b07e4c0c","nativeRecordCid":"c7433229-45b5-4480-8ea1-7b22523e1812","documentId":"open-science-source-26","id":"c56","text":"The CARE Principles should not be thought of as only applying to Indigenous Knowledge or Traditional Knowledge but also to scientific data.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"","subject":"CARE Principles","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The CARE Principles should not be thought of as only applying to Indigenous Knowledge or Traditional Knowledge but also scientific data.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-26/c57","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/3e1726c00b404199","nativeRecordCid":"6d1f82af-0c73-4188-a42d-37f2c343e99f","documentId":"open-science-source-26","id":"c57","text":"The CARE Principles speak to how scientific data are used in ways that are purposeful and oriented towards enhancing wellbeing of people.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"CARE Principles","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The CARE Principles speak to how scientific data are used in ways that are purposeful and oriented towards enhancing wellbeing of people.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-26/c58","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/97aff299720746ad","nativeRecordCid":"59581916-4e72-4de2-acfc-025d9949082d","documentId":"open-science-source-26","id":"c58","text":"The CARE Principles are likely to find expression across the data lifecycle from collection to curation and from access to application, with implications and responsibilities for a broad range of entities from funders to data users.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"CARE Principles","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The CARE Principles are likely to find expression across the data lifecycle from collection to curation, from access to application, with implications and responsibilities for a broad range of entities from funders to data users.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-26/c59","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/6c6b4cc3e6424d6b","nativeRecordCid":"fb3984c8-0588-4577-a534-1dd67cdc9d73","documentId":"open-science-source-26","id":"c59","text":"In many cases scientific datasets also contain Indigenous Knowledge.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"scientific datasets","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"It is important to note that in many cases scientific datasets also contain Indigenous Knowledge.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-26/c60","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/8c4926b1a37b4caa","nativeRecordCid":"d1f92196-22b5-4ee6-ae37-2b582bb0de2e","documentId":"open-science-source-26","id":"c60","text":"Users and producers of such data, both in the past and currently, often do not realize the need to acknowledge Indigenous provenance or make space for cultural metadata when creating this data.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"users and producers of data containing Indigenous Knowledge","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Users and producers of such data, both in the past and currently, often do not realize the need to acknowledge Indigenous provenance or make space for cultural metadata when creating this data.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-26/c61","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/f60a931311b8443c","nativeRecordCid":"f79ea1b2-44d8-4c6c-b0a2-36ed71e903c6","documentId":"open-science-source-26","id":"c61","text":"The Traditional Knowledge (TK) Labels are an extra-legal digital mechanism that re-positions Indigenous cultural authority and governance over Indigenous data and collections.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"TK Labels","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"One tool that predates yet exemplifies the combined practice of CARE and FAIR data are the Traditional Knowledge (TK) Labels, an extra-legal digital mechanism that re-positions Indigenous cultural authority and governance over Indigenous data and collections.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-26/c62","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/abdbb789037a4811","nativeRecordCid":"a554a962-9744-49b1-a502-d501dd0e6704","documentId":"open-science-source-26","id":"c62","text":"The TK Labels are digital tags that restore relationships between Indigenous and non-Indigenous rights holders by correcting and providing more information about cultural material collected.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"TK Labels","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The TK Labels are digital tags which restore relationships between Indigenous and non-Indigenous rights holders by correcting and providing more information about cultural material collected, often in circumstances of duress and with questionable consent[13][,][14] .","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-26/c63","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/fdafd4c52e2e4f20","nativeRecordCid":"a29ab9f6-cba3-40d5-ac6a-6185b30939a0","documentId":"open-science-source-26","id":"c63","text":"The TK Labels improve the quality of provenance.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"TK Labels","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The TK Labels improve the quality of provenance, encourage communities to enrich records with their own traditional knowledge, and increase capacity for better understanding of equity and decision-making regarding re-use and circulation.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-26/c64","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/851dcbe0898c4357","nativeRecordCid":"8f69da4b-2a10-4243-a660-5e7aa7f9f615","documentId":"open-science-source-26","id":"c64","text":"The TK Labels encourage communities to enrich records with their own traditional knowledge.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"TK Labels","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The TK Labels improve the quality of provenance, encourage communities to enrich records with their own traditional knowledge, and increase capacity for better understanding of equity and decision-making regarding re-use and circulation.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-26/c65","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/51f530177f084e35","nativeRecordCid":"d9bb2bda-5667-41b4-b99d-01cf5feb32f0","documentId":"open-science-source-26","id":"c65","text":"The TK Labels increase capacity for better understanding of equity and decision-making regarding re-use and circulation.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"TK Labels","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The TK Labels improve the quality of provenance, encourage communities to enrich records with their own traditional knowledge, and increase capacity for better understanding of equity and decision-making regarding re-use and circulation.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-26/c66","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/3583c131bd8a4839","nativeRecordCid":"f4e3e30e-93df-4908-bb9f-5f4bd204dd17","documentId":"open-science-source-26","id":"c66","text":"The TK Labels are directly incorporated into the digital infrastructure of catalogue, classification, and content management systems.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"TK Labels","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"As the TK Labels are directly incorporated into the digital infrastructure of catalogue, classification, and content management systems they work at the level of metadata to enhance and legitimize locally based decision-making and Indigenous governance frameworks for determining ownership, access, and culturally appropriate conditions for sharing historical and contemporary collections of cultural heritage.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-26/c67","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/f4a868da82e7442d","nativeRecordCid":"f0bea636-609c-47c6-86fa-cb1a3a70ed64","documentId":"open-science-source-26","id":"c67","text":"The TK Labels work at the level of metadata to enhance and legitimize locally based decision-making and Indigenous governance frameworks for determining ownership, access, and culturally appropriate conditions for sharing collections of cultural heritage.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"TK Labels","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"As the TK Labels are directly incorporated into the digital infrastructure of catalogue, classification, and content management systems they work at the level of metadata to enhance and legitimize locally based decision-making and Indigenous governance frameworks for determining ownership, access, and culturally appropriate conditions for sharing historical and contemporary collections of cultural heritage.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-26/c68","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/dfae5c67d926461b","nativeRecordCid":"6321bf06-f3c1-4c50-9479-9a70138fc947","documentId":"open-science-source-26","id":"c68","text":"TK Labels are in use in a number of institutions, including the Library of Congress.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"TK Labels","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"TK Labels are in use in a number of institutions including the Library of Congress[15] .","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-26/c69","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/1dfbde89ada7404f","nativeRecordCid":"1586958c-6a8c-41eb-bb87-13abb5440244","documentId":"open-science-source-26","id":"c69","text":"The TK Labels are an example of a tool that supports implementation of both the FAIR and CARE Principles by enabling local authority and reflecting community protocols.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"TK Labels","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"By enabling local authority and reflecting community protocols the TK Labels are a good example of a tool that supports implementation of both FAIR and CARE Principles.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-26/c70","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/8e50058719f341e6","nativeRecordCid":"e528a9a1-bd81-4123-afd4-ac20b8c2ac5e","documentId":"open-science-source-26","id":"c70","text":"The CARE Principles and tools like the TK Labels have important implications for international policy frameworks such as the Convention on Biological Diversity and the Nagoya Protocol.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"CARE Principles and TK Labels","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The CARE Principles and tools like the TK Labels have important implications for international policy frameworks like the Convention on Biological Diversity and the Nagoya Protocol.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-26/c71","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/69151c065f4945d5","nativeRecordCid":"f2b864d0-88a9-48e7-a545-a407e44048a8","documentId":"open-science-source-26","id":"c71","text":"The Nagoya Protocol supports fair and equitable benefit sharing for genetic resources.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"Nagoya Protocol","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The Nagoya Protocols supports fair and equitable benefit sharing for genetic resources but currently excludes digital sequence information, in part due to the practicalities of tracking provenance and secondary use of datasets[16] .","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-26/c72","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/dcf2d545ddc44a87","nativeRecordCid":"b107695d-fe35-4fde-99f6-655bc4f286da","documentId":"open-science-source-26","id":"c72","text":"The Nagoya Protocol currently excludes digital sequence information, in part due to the practicalities of tracking provenance and secondary use of datasets.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"Nagoya Protocol","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The Nagoya Protocols supports fair and equitable benefit sharing for genetic resources but currently excludes digital sequence information, in part due to the practicalities of tracking provenance and secondary use of datasets[16] .","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-26/c73","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/9156967edf174a95","nativeRecordCid":"508742e7-d2fe-4cc8-8ad0-3ba44ab4e253","documentId":"open-science-source-26","id":"c73","text":"Open genomic data supports innovation.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"open genomic data","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"While open genomic data supports innovation it also enables the appropriation of value and increases inequities[12] .","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-26/c74","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/01de3a8fcc6d4f01","nativeRecordCid":"8c46d920-c19d-427c-aa56-24997bf99c54","documentId":"open-science-source-26","id":"c74","text":"Open genomic data enables the appropriation of value.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"open genomic data","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"While open genomic data supports innovation it also enables the appropriation of value and increases inequities[12] .","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-26/c75","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/b0960436b92240e5","nativeRecordCid":"45f90753-84b9-48c8-b1a9-a93525a75bb4","documentId":"open-science-source-26","id":"c75","text":"Open genomic data increases inequities.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"open genomic data","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"While open genomic data supports innovation it also enables the appropriation of value and increases inequities[12] .","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-26/c76","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/9d1a5a38f071443b","nativeRecordCid":"18874245-ce2b-4c2d-b209-38430261a2ed","documentId":"open-science-source-26","id":"c76","text":"Implementation of CARE and application of TK Labels to genomic databases or metadata databases will illustrate the value that this work can contribute toward delivering on the promise of fair and equitable benefit sharing.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"implementation of CARE and TK Labels in genomic databases","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The implementation of CARE, and application of TK Labels, to genomic databases or metadata databases like GEOME will illustrate . the value that this work can contribute towards delivering on the promise of fair and equitable benefit sharing[17]","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-26/c77","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/06877755e0844d83","nativeRecordCid":"3089e75b-0d11-4ab1-b55c-097859d35da1","documentId":"open-science-source-26","id":"c77","text":"There has been broadening interest in applying the CARE Principles outside the realm of Indigenous Peoples.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"CARE Principles","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Additionally, there has been broadening interest in applying the CARE Principles outside the realm of Indigenous Peoples.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-26/c78","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/07918600927d40d4","nativeRecordCid":"7d3f7076-6992-4551-a4ba-7c5701b85029","documentId":"open-science-source-26","id":"c78","text":"RDA is a global organization that stands for data sharing without barriers.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"RDA","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"RDA as a truly global organization stands for data sharing without barriers.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-26/c79","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/baacaa5c01784a91","nativeRecordCid":"4794be0a-1223-4bea-908e-81e922f06581","documentId":"open-science-source-26","id":"c79","text":"RDA provides a platform for research communities, including small, technical, or sporadic ones.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"RDA","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"A significant contribution of RDA is to provide a platform for research communities, including for small, technical, or even sporadic ones.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-26/c80","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/9c5a986f29514fbd","nativeRecordCid":"c20c293e-1a66-490e-a1b6-bf347a7d49dc","documentId":"open-science-source-26","id":"c80","text":"Researchers can participate in discussions at a global level from their local research environment.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"researchers","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Researchers can participate in discussions at a global level, from their local research environment.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-26/c82","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/81c2277a30314b07","nativeRecordCid":"1acb51b0-024e-4a05-82d2-14ea06016d19","documentId":"open-science-source-26","id":"c82","text":"The International Indigenous Data Sovereignty Interest Group created the CARE Principles and now seeks to identify policy and practice to implement the principles across data ecosystems.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"International Indigenous Data Sovereignty Interest Group","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The International Indigenous Data Sovereignty Interest Group, among many activities, created the CARE Principles and now seeks to identify policy and practice to implement the principles across data ecosystems.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-26/c83","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/294659f7d6504318","nativeRecordCid":"5d8f19d9-ed82-42c1-a061-fca7c6bd5c56","documentId":"open-science-source-26","id":"c83","text":"The CARE Principles are a new, game-changing perspective that stimulates researchers across domains and regions to articulate community data rights.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"CARE Principles","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The CARE Principles, beyond supporting Indigenous Peoples’ rights and interests, is a new, game changing perspective, stimulating researchers across domains and regions as an effort to articulate community data rights.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-26/c84","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/32e20a86973243d9","nativeRecordCid":"3d54d971-a47c-4f35-81c7-a86f0971cc03","documentId":"open-science-source-26","id":"c84","text":"FAIR and Open are interdependent issues that are related but not synonymous.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"FAIR and Open","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The work on FAIR Principles and Open Science in recent years made it clear for both researchers and policymakers, that FAIR and Open are two interdependent issues, which are related but not synonymous[18] .","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-26/c85","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/6dde9b31bd9341b9","nativeRecordCid":"bb507207-d85b-4979-ba67-4a7f48099d2a","documentId":"open-science-source-26","id":"c85","text":"FAIR is a technical removal, or lessening, of barriers to make data interoperable independent from the source, domain, or underlying technology.","kind":"definitional","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"FAIR","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"FAIR is a technical removal (or lessening to a certain level) of the barriers, to make data interoperable, independent from the source, domain, or underlying technology.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-26/c86","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/68c1c0a5b25b4c66","nativeRecordCid":"a01bf165-12a2-48d1-b68d-0201f9dd97f2","documentId":"open-science-source-26","id":"c86","text":"Openness is a legal term connected to the rights of the data concerned.","kind":"definitional","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"openness","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"On the other hand, openness is a legal term connected to the rights of the data concerned.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-26/c87","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/cbe0ea74ada840da","nativeRecordCid":"c2fa2537-5013-4f56-b8d1-94edc3f27060","documentId":"open-science-source-26","id":"c87","text":"Some data rights, such as ownership, are well known and regulated, while others are less regulated and more controversial.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"data rights","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Some rights are well known and regulated (ownership), others are less regulated and more controversial.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-26/c88","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/6d62ea6d9e6142c7","nativeRecordCid":"296f80ff-a4ee-49f4-b92a-72dc4a5c2536","documentId":"open-science-source-26","id":"c88","text":"The role of personal data rights is clear and legislated in most countries, but due to cultural and legislative differences across regions and countries there are no consistent rights.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"personal data rights","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The role of personal data rights is clear and legislated in most countries, but due to the cultural legislative differences across regions and countries, there are no consistent rights.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-26/c89","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/967f76fa75a546de","nativeRecordCid":"fe0fe04a-321a-4637-a801-723e4e84fa1f","documentId":"open-science-source-26","id":"c89","text":"Both open and non-open datasets can be FAIR.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"open and non-open datasets","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Both open and non-open datasets can be FAIR.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-26/c90","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/5570980c7ee0439b","nativeRecordCid":"2650c5d9-ad2d-4f8c-a593-1ad5883c730b","documentId":"open-science-source-26","id":"c90","text":"Community data rights are just at the beginning of a similar journey to Indigenous data governance.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"community data rights","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Community data rights are just at the beginning of a similar journey.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-26/c91","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/a6e8b110e5bc4b89","nativeRecordCid":"cb8f379c-11c0-45e1-8d9e-59a0a80ac1fa","documentId":"open-science-source-26","id":"c91","text":"The path provided by Indigenous Peoples in the data governance and policy field will soon be followed by others who want to give voice to their collective rights.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"data governance and policy field","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The path provided by Indigenous Peoples in the data governance and policy field, will soon be followed by others who would like to give a voice to their collective rights.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-26/c92","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/b6690851ba1a40fb","nativeRecordCid":"5b0b315a-6319-4cb3-8e4d-7cb01fae1828","documentId":"open-science-source-26","id":"c92","text":"The OCAP principles comprise ownership.","kind":"definitional","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"OCAP principles","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The OCAP® principles (ownership, control, access, and possession) were developed to recognise the collective rights of First Nations communities in Canada to information collected from their territories (https:// fnigc.ca/OCAP).","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-26/c93","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/736afd907b8f474d","nativeRecordCid":"132ff029-ca23-4bb3-aaa1-0389d2871f0e","documentId":"open-science-source-26","id":"c93","text":"The OCAP principles comprise control.","kind":"definitional","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"OCAP principles","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The OCAP® principles (ownership, control, access, and possession) were developed to recognise the collective rights of First Nations communities in Canada to information collected from their territories (https:// fnigc.ca/OCAP).","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-26/c94","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/aef982ca069c40cc","nativeRecordCid":"69ce6d7b-b67e-4f62-bf9d-3228700df949","documentId":"open-science-source-26","id":"c94","text":"The OCAP principles comprise access.","kind":"definitional","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"OCAP principles","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The OCAP® principles (ownership, control, access, and possession) were developed to recognise the collective rights of First Nations communities in Canada to information collected from their territories (https:// fnigc.ca/OCAP).","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-26/c95","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/fe4f19af3c1e480e","nativeRecordCid":"dd3df237-b5cb-40dd-bb22-d4fd8129aee1","documentId":"open-science-source-26","id":"c95","text":"The OCAP principles comprise possession.","kind":"definitional","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"OCAP principles","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The OCAP® principles (ownership, control, access, and possession) were developed to recognise the collective rights of First Nations communities in Canada to information collected from their territories (https:// fnigc.ca/OCAP).","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-26/c96","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/b3e29d0a7fa14261","nativeRecordCid":"82a0a198-0059-44c1-bad0-5c523593005d","documentId":"open-science-source-26","id":"c96","text":"The OCAP principles were developed to recognize the collective rights of First Nations communities in Canada to information collected from their territories.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"OCAP principles","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The OCAP® principles (ownership, control, access, and possession) were developed to recognise the collective rights of First Nations communities in Canada to information collected from their territories (https:// fnigc.ca/OCAP).","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-26/c97","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/4ecb8961e6374dfd","nativeRecordCid":"58b5dc06-61bf-4599-b77c-26fcfe32b8bb","documentId":"open-science-source-26","id":"c97","text":"OCAP enabled First Nations to assert control over data collection processes in their communities.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"OCAP","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"OCAP®, a registered trademark of the First Nations Information Governance Centre (FNIGC), enabled First Nations to assert control over data collection processes in their communities[19] , as well as recognise the authority to own, protect, and control how their information is used.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-26/c98","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/7d3795b6a4c841d1","nativeRecordCid":"4e71254f-c45e-461e-89f5-e5e78055b202","documentId":"open-science-source-26","id":"c98","text":"OCAP recognizes the authority of First Nations to own, protect, and control how their information is used.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"OCAP","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"OCAP®, a registered trademark of the First Nations Information Governance Centre (FNIGC), enabled First Nations to assert control over data collection processes in their communities[19] , as well as recognise the authority to own, protect, and control how their information is used.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-26/c99","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/cac11fee205f403d","nativeRecordCid":"cab84680-0b81-4df1-a479-3355d2af0cb5","documentId":"open-science-source-26","id":"c99","text":"The claiming of rights to own, control, access, and possess information about their peoples is fundamentally tied to First Nations self-determination.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"claiming of First Nations information rights","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The claiming of rights to own, control, access, and possess information about their peoples is fundamentally tied to First Nations self-determination and to the preservation and development of their culture.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-26/c100","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/dbd2508fc37244a1","nativeRecordCid":"1f68d721-de93-4c23-986a-26cda7816d3f","documentId":"open-science-source-26","id":"c100","text":"The claiming of rights to own, control, access, and possess information about their peoples is fundamentally tied to the preservation and development of First Nations culture.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"claiming of First Nations information rights","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The claiming of rights to own, control, access, and possess information about their peoples is fundamentally tied to First Nations self-determination and to the preservation and development of their culture.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-26/c102","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/bf7462012ed34c75","nativeRecordCid":"d98580cb-23f4-4335-b9dd-03c0a97ce1b7","documentId":"open-science-source-26","id":"c102","text":"The articulation of the CARE Principles offers an opportunity to find synergies between the FAIR and CARE Principles with actions and responsibilities across the data lifecycle and ecosystem.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"CARE Principles","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The articulation of the CARE Principles offers an opportunity to find synergies between the FAIR and CARE Principles with actions and responsibilities across the data lifecycle and ecosystem.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-26/c103","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/07f59586a91d4308","nativeRecordCid":"257ae289-a182-44cd-8da5-4a5293121e11","documentId":"open-science-source-26","id":"c103","text":"Indigenous data should be made FAIR.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"the data community","subject":"Indigenous data","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"First, make Indigenous data FAIR.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-26/c104","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/1132517f521043b9","nativeRecordCid":"15a4f615-73b9-4256-8128-5b8e5a609eee","documentId":"open-science-source-26","id":"c104","text":"The FAIR criteria should apply to already existing and newly created Indigenous data in both Indigenous and non-Indigenous/hybrid datasets that mix Indigenous and non-Indigenous data.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"","subject":"FAIR criteria application to Indigenous data","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The FAIR criteria should apply to already existing and newly created Indigenous data in both Indigenous and non-Indigenous/hybrid datasets that mix Indigenous and non-Indigenous data.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-26/c105","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/487abfdd99b042a4","nativeRecordCid":"19411e82-47b8-4f0b-b7ca-98eba58101da","documentId":"open-science-source-26","id":"c105","text":"The use of Indigenous data in hybrid datasets requires machine-readable provenance for Indigenous data.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"","subject":"use of Indigenous data in hybrid datasets","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"However, the use of Indigenous data in hybrid datasets requires a machine-readable provenance for Indigenous data and to signal the decision-making point that needs to be approached to allow or refuse consent to use the data.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-26/c106","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/a848229d5be4468d","nativeRecordCid":"819e9701-b015-43cb-9ffa-a32333465959","documentId":"open-science-source-26","id":"c106","text":"The use of Indigenous data in hybrid datasets requires signaling the decision-making point that needs to be approached to allow or refuse consent to use the data.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"","subject":"use of Indigenous data in hybrid datasets","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"However, the use of Indigenous data in hybrid datasets requires a machine-readable provenance for Indigenous data and to signal the decision-making point that needs to be approached to allow or refuse consent to use the data.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-26/c107","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/ad31756145384ae2","nativeRecordCid":"7cac51fa-28e6-4e7c-b5a4-d9b7280e3a20","documentId":"open-science-source-26","id":"c107","text":"For Indigenous collections, Indigenous researchers and communities may try out the FAIR Data Maturity Model criteria.","kind":"normative","modality":"may","actor":"Indigenous researchers and communities","subject":"FAIR Data Maturity Model criteria","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"For Indigenous collections, Indigenous researchers and communities could try out the FAIR Data Maturity Model criteria, placing them at the forefront of the latest work on FAIR and assisting in identifying both actions to take to make existing data FAIR and to create policies and practices to make future data FAIR.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-26/c108","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/0c8400b9d26e48a8","nativeRecordCid":"1fdbd9af-c018-4c99-8c56-6505616df7aa","documentId":"open-science-source-26","id":"c108","text":"In hybrid datasets there is a need to engage with Indigenous researchers and communities to co-produce policies and practices that rectify the unFAIRness of existing data and ensure the FAIRness of newly created or deposited data aligns with the CARE Principles.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"","subject":"engagement with Indigenous researchers and communities on hybrid datasets","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"In hybrid datasets there is a need to engage with Indigenous researchers and communities to co-produce policies and practices that can rectify the unFAIRness of existing data and ensure the FAIRness of newly created or deposited data alignes with the CARE Principles.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-26/c109","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/910788ec9a334812","nativeRecordCid":"6b0adafd-ff1f-4369-86c2-313b23d43fdf","documentId":"open-science-source-26","id":"c109","text":"Data and research communities should be proactively socialized with the CARE Principles.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"data and research communities","subject":"CARE Principles","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Second, proactively socialize data and research communities with the CARE Principles.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-26/c110","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/4948a4e501764e3b","nativeRecordCid":"aa9809c4-67fd-435b-accf-e84ae667a884","documentId":"open-science-source-26","id":"c110","text":"Global to local communities should be aware of the need to apply the CARE Principles and the actions to take before engaging with Indigenous data anywhere along the data lifecycle.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"global to local communities","subject":"CARE Principles awareness","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"These global to local communities should be aware of the need to apply the CARE Principles, and the actions to take before engaging with Indigenous data anywhere along the data lifecycle.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-26/c111","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/5276e3c302984f9d","nativeRecordCid":"836888dd-f13b-45c5-a97a-43801a966bfe","documentId":"open-science-source-26","id":"c111","text":"Full adoption of the CARE Principles may be impeded while implementation criteria are created.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"adoption of CARE Principles","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"While full adoption of the CARE Principles may be impeded while implementation criteria are created, there are clear actions to take and explore (see Fig. 2) such as ESIP’s efforts to apply CARE to repositories.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-26/c112","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/ea7ce6cf69c34565","nativeRecordCid":"8a424d10-e144-4467-9ce2-1fd7558d1517","documentId":"open-science-source-26","id":"c112","text":"Practicing CARE in data collection requires defining cultural metadata and recording provenance.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"","subject":"practicing CARE in data collection","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"For instance, practicing CARE in data collection requires defining cultural metadata and recording provenance.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-26/c113","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/d9d98cf5620f406a","nativeRecordCid":"9f7593cd-4310-402a-955d-af82f80cff53","documentId":"open-science-source-26","id":"c113","text":"Engaging CARE in data stewardship necessitates using appropriate governance models.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"","subject":"CARE in data stewardship","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Engaging CARE in data stewardship necessitates using appropriate governance models and making data FAIR.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-26/c114","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/e23c8615dc7c42f2","nativeRecordCid":"dfb5612c-9c9d-4dbe-85a1-93e9b7fcfd7c","documentId":"open-science-source-26","id":"c114","text":"Engaging CARE in data stewardship necessitates making data FAIR.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"","subject":"CARE in data stewardship","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Engaging CARE in data stewardship necessitates using appropriate governance models and making data FAIR.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-26/c115","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/e43f865b99c342ae","nativeRecordCid":"91fdd1fe-57ed-4e90-afa7-d829bbb8f04b","documentId":"open-science-source-26","id":"c115","text":"It is less clear how to implement CARE in the data community.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"implementing CARE in the data community","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Less clear and worthy of exploring are how to implement CARE in the data community and how to use FAIR with CARE in data applications.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-26/c116","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/5ce6fa8ab4974650","nativeRecordCid":"0e0243c6-5a2b-4362-9e76-9fdd37d3656c","documentId":"open-science-source-26","id":"c116","text":"It is less clear how to use FAIR with CARE in data applications.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"using FAIR with CARE in data applications","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Less clear and worthy of exploring are how to implement CARE in the data community and how to use FAIR with CARE in data applications.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-26/c117","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/f0129cb0ab38419b","nativeRecordCid":"26da7582-c79b-449c-bd1e-e99bc3eac113","documentId":"open-science-source-26","id":"c117","text":"Indigenous data should not be misused.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"","subject":"Indigenous data","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"It would be regretful for Indigenous data to be misused.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-26/c118","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/44fa4bedd7724bbe","nativeRecordCid":"eae9f177-6395-4ef8-86be-8e6fe0f4eeb7","documentId":"open-science-source-26","id":"c118","text":"Indigenous data are left aside due to lack of identifiers such as provenance or attribution metadata, or due to unfamiliarity with interacting with Indigenous Peoples or their data.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"Indigenous data","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"It is equally regrettable that Indigenous data are left aside due to lack of identifiers such as provenance or attribution metadata or unfamiliarity with interacting with Indigenous Peoples or their data.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-26/c119","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/dcda81ff2b7d4a94","nativeRecordCid":"d5399bce-999c-4b0e-8a14-f7708d4f9177","documentId":"open-science-source-26","id":"c119","text":"Exclusion of Indigenous data essentially erases Indigenous Peoples and interests from data-related futures due to the perceived additional work caused by uncertainty.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"exclusion of Indigenous data","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Exclusion of Indigenous data essentially erases Indigenous Peoples and interests from data related futures due to the perceived additional work because of uncertainty.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-26/c120","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/1ed319a993fb4ee3","nativeRecordCid":"e07ef599-202d-40ce-9396-581a85b0216c","documentId":"open-science-source-26","id":"c120","text":"Misuse of Indigenous data would be unfair.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"misuse of Indigenous data","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Former would be unfair, while the latter would result in biased data solutions.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-26/c121","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/e60ecf77045e43b9","nativeRecordCid":"6ad07f61-b8dc-4223-b70c-6f19090b0500","documentId":"open-science-source-26","id":"c121","text":"Exclusion of Indigenous data would result in biased data solutions.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"exclusion of Indigenous data","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Former would be unfair, while the latter would result in biased data solutions.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-26/c122","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/d1e7aae1086f4b96","nativeRecordCid":"50ac4f3d-cd94-4dd8-8c89-cb9e5f5b128a","documentId":"open-science-source-26","id":"c122","text":"The solution should be simple and deliverable even in an automated machine-readable environment.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"","subject":"solution to Indigenous data exclusion/misuse","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The solution should be simple and deliverable even in an automated machine-readable environment.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-26/c123","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/e4130c8a07b6452b","nativeRecordCid":"f9c397ae-7314-424a-abf4-f57a65ae9df2","documentId":"open-science-source-26","id":"c123","text":"CARE should be operationalized for Indigenous Peoples' data.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"","subject":"CARE Principles","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Third, operationalise CARE for Indigenous Peoples’ data.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-26/c124","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/01efc80e8da548fe","nativeRecordCid":"ce8038b4-8bc1-4798-b1b4-c8915f8c778b","documentId":"open-science-source-26","id":"c124","text":"There is a need to develop criteria and tools to implement the CARE Principles with FAIR.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"","subject":"criteria and tools for CARE implementation","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"There is a need to develop criteria and tools to implement the CARE Principles with FAIR.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-26/c125","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/b1369dcedf40458f","nativeRecordCid":"fd1a11fb-0d19-47df-8739-4bc830b7caa8","documentId":"open-science-source-26","id":"c125","text":"Similar work could be done for CARE to achieve consensus and agreement on practical implementation.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"CARE implementation consensus","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Similar work could be done for CARE to achieve the consensus and agreement on the practical implementation.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-26/c126","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/e8fec53e321b4d18","nativeRecordCid":"58041aef-a906-41c9-bde9-a70eeb141e78","documentId":"open-science-source-26","id":"c126","text":"The working method and experience of the FAIR Data Maturity Model Working Group could support GIDA and the International Indigenous Data Sovereignty Interest Group in developing the CARE criteria with broad community input.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"FAIR Data Maturity Model Working Group's method","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The working method and experience of the FAIR Data Maturity Model Working Group could support GIDA and the International Indigenous Data Sovereignty Interest Group to develop the CARE criteria with broad community input, which was used in both the drafting of the CARE Principles and the FAIR Data Maturity Model.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-26/c127","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/94cc48f8b8e04603","nativeRecordCid":"8cf2b0f5-1815-44a1-8ba7-8f51142dc0a6","documentId":"open-science-source-26","id":"c127","text":"Indigenous design should be utilized to benefit mainstream data communities.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"","subject":"Indigenous design","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Fourth, utilize Indigenous design to benefit mainstream data communities.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-26/c128","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/d848130f370e4c02","nativeRecordCid":"538cb369-6f92-4308-8d76-ab6021d4c35c","documentId":"open-science-source-26","id":"c128","text":"The CARE Principles are the first attempt to outline collective rights as part of openness.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"CARE Principles","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The CARE Principles are the first attempt to outline collective rights as part of openness.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-26/c129","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/788229101a594311","nativeRecordCid":"59677562-b273-4691-8619-9b390577138b","documentId":"open-science-source-26","id":"c129","text":"The CARE Principles should not yet be co-opted into other spaces.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"","subject":"CARE Principles","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"We caution the co-optation of the CARE Principles into other spaces just yet.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-26/c130","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/2cf800a01959408b","nativeRecordCid":"49ad8f67-717d-4953-9614-e87340fe0e63","documentId":"open-science-source-26","id":"c130","text":"The full criteria for implementation of the CARE Principles have not yet been determined and used.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"CARE Principles implementation criteria","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"As their full criteria for implementation have not yet been determined and used, we must leave space for the design and maturity of the CARE Principles to occur within the Indigenous environments from which they originate.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-26/c131","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/6ab1bca156084903","nativeRecordCid":"183d132a-55c6-43be-a59d-74bf8d8ae44d","documentId":"open-science-source-26","id":"c131","text":"Space must be left for the design and maturity of the CARE Principles to occur within the Indigenous environments from which they originate.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"","subject":"design and maturity of the CARE Principles","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"As their full criteria for implementation have not yet been determined and used, we must leave space for the design and maturity of the CARE Principles to occur within the Indigenous environments from which they originate.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-26/c132","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/f653347883e94ed3","nativeRecordCid":"e2c606cb-9fb9-4a63-b2f8-78fb869f8182","documentId":"open-science-source-26","id":"c132","text":"Using Indigenous innovation as a best practice to develop similar principles or criteria for other communities with collective rights, such as minoritized groups, geographically located communities, special professions, or consumers, has benefits.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"Indigenous innovation as a best practice for other communities","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"While we recommend the time and space for future design, we fully recognize the benefits of using that Indigenous innovation as a best practice to develop similar principles/criteria for other communities with collective rights e.g., minoritized groups, geographically located communities, special professions, or consumers.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-26/c133","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/bb4e7af7bb724ee5","nativeRecordCid":"315f16ef-e6bb-4a10-afd5-c8de679cdafd","documentId":"open-science-source-26","id":"c133","text":"This could be aligned to FAIR if the decision point described in the first point can be identified and approached in an automated, machine-actionable way.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"alignment of Indigenous design approach to FAIR","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"This could be aligned to FAIR, if the “decision point” described in the first point can be identified and approached in an automated, machine-actionable way.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-26/c134","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/1dd13884f1584dc8","nativeRecordCid":"237cb65d-44ce-4f07-a4e1-8f903575dfd9","documentId":"open-science-source-26","id":"c134","text":"Indigenous data must be both FAIR and CARE, from data creation to data reuse.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"","subject":"Indigenous data","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The discussion at the joint sessions underscored the need for Indigenous data to be both FAIR and CARE, from data creation to data reuse.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-26/c135","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/e9d399683ef44585","nativeRecordCid":"9e73f615-31ed-46c5-a375-e53ae0a745d1","documentId":"open-science-source-26","id":"c135","text":"FAIR and CARE are complementary perspectives that enable maximum value through the appropriate and ethical reuse of Indigenous data.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"FAIR and CARE","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"FAIR and CARE are complementary perspectives which enable maximum value through the appropriate and ethical reuse of Indigenous data.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-26/c136","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/e621a380595a4c3b","nativeRecordCid":"4ec34b5b-cce5-4618-9b2d-c07413ace707","documentId":"open-science-source-26","id":"c136","text":"Assessing the FAIR-ness of a data set is typically a technical exercise that can be done independently by the researcher to prepare the final data set for reuse.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"assessing FAIR-ness of a dataset","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"However, assessing the FAIR-ness of a data set is typically a technical exercise which can be done independently by the researcher to prepare the final data set for reuse.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-26/c137","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/bd985346c73247f5","nativeRecordCid":"d7ed47cb-4bef-4e2d-b905-a725c7ac8e6b","documentId":"open-science-source-26","id":"c137","text":"The CARE Principles require engagement with people to address the cultural, ethical, legal, and social dimensions associated with the intended uses of the dataset.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"","subject":"CARE Principles","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"On the other hand, the CARE Principles require engagement with people to address the cultural, ethical, legal, and social dimensions associated with the intended uses of the dataset.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-26/c138","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/ea70ce0489d0450e","nativeRecordCid":"edd42143-7dc1-442c-a42d-b23fd4f379ed","documentId":"open-science-source-26","id":"c138","text":"Indigenous communities expect CARE-full data practices to be enacted at each step of the data lifecycle.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"Indigenous communities","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"As Indigenous communities expect CARE-full data practices to be enacted at each step of the data lifecycle, we will need to reflect a broader temporal dimension to our application of the CARE Principles.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-26/c139","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/3b3cb9a000954a94","nativeRecordCid":"a64f000f-7f51-4b05-9743-9a3dd858c181","documentId":"open-science-source-26","id":"c139","text":"A broader temporal dimension must be reflected in the application of the CARE Principles.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"","subject":"application of the CARE Principles","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"As Indigenous communities expect CARE-full data practices to be enacted at each step of the data lifecycle, we will need to reflect a broader temporal dimension to our application of the CARE Principles.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-26/c140","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/f06a105a624c4f86","nativeRecordCid":"d7b2e40b-74f3-4ad9-b2a5-a507bc7dde42","documentId":"open-science-source-26","id":"c140","text":"At present there is no process to assess whether a research project meets the CARE Principles.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"CARE Principles assessment process","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"At present there is no process to assess whether a research project meets the CARE Principles.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-26/c141","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/f29d9805c45b490c","nativeRecordCid":"64185170-2183-4fd5-b439-c899fc7aa044","documentId":"open-science-source-26","id":"c141","text":"Creating an assessment of whether a research project meets the CARE Principles represents the next stage towards an equitable cyberinfrastructure that supports the FAIR and CARE-full use of Indigenous data.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"assessment of CARE Principles compliance","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Creating such an assessment represents the next stage towards an equitable cyberinfrastructure that supports the FAIR and CARE-full use of Indigenous data.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-27/c1","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/b9887cb0aa864bb6","nativeRecordCid":"b8371777-57d1-4a0d-ae18-6027f6e4b010","documentId":"open-science-source-27","id":"c1","text":"Networked technologies are enabling collaboration in scientific knowledge production.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"networked technologies","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Today, networked technologies are enabling collaboration in scientific knowledge production, raising questions about who gets to participate in and benefit from science.","representedInStars":true}
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{"key":"open-science-source-27/c3","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/49bb6284fb604c4d","nativeRecordCid":"93a51112-d25c-4a91-8973-8a0a5e42b234","documentId":"open-science-source-27","id":"c3","text":"Critical reflection of the underlying values of Open Science has been absent from existing discussions.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"Open Science","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"While we have witnessed a growing interest in the concept of Open Science, a critical reflection of the underlying values has been absent from existing discussions.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-27/c4","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/acc7e3cab2c24417","nativeRecordCid":"d73709d8-cf56-4da5-906a-aa46d4d2cba7","documentId":"open-science-source-27","id":"c4","text":"Inclusive open science is mostly a process of constant negotiation and reflection.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"inclusive open science","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Through OCSDNet, we have learned that inclusive open science is mostly a process of constant negotiation and reflection.","representedInStars":false}
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{"key":"open-science-source-27/c7","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/3cfe78503c524f7e","nativeRecordCid":"011d4a65-a268-4d15-80cf-d44c23293b10","documentId":"open-science-source-27","id":"c7","text":"Knowledge grows when shared.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"knowledge","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Knowledge grows when shared and thus knowledge should be envisioned as a commons .","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-27/c8","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/3ae18ea80c4e4cf7","nativeRecordCid":"c2e0ee49-a8cc-4e00-8916-e60e0d4a478f","documentId":"open-science-source-27","id":"c8","text":"Knowledge should be envisioned as a commons.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"","subject":"knowledge","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Knowledge grows when shared and thus knowledge should be envisioned as a commons .","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-27/c9","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/544f067b9be94bc0","nativeRecordCid":"5d065cc0-5a95-4866-9d55-7805812da73b","documentId":"open-science-source-27","id":"c9","text":"Open and Collaborative Science strives to bridge the distance between people's well-being and the knowledge science creates.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"Open and Collaborative Science","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Open and Collaborative Science strives to bridge the distance between people’s well being and the knowledge science creates.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-27/c10","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/e0a33a1410364c83","nativeRecordCid":"b4495d30-d849-4908-9f09-8437fec5de37","documentId":"open-science-source-27","id":"c10","text":"Science must create mechanisms and incentives that enable individuals to decide how their knowledge is used, shared, governed and managed to address local development needs.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"science","subject":"science","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"To do so, science needs to create mechanisms and incentives that enable individuals to decide how their knowledge is used, shared, governed and  Integrates  diverse managed to address local development  scientific traditions needs.","representedInStars":false}
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{"key":"open-science-source-27/c12","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/33171100c8df43bf","nativeRecordCid":"7daf22ed-700e-40ff-aacb-1f1252621c25","documentId":"open-science-source-27","id":"c12","text":"Plurality and diversity in science have value.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"plurality and diversity in science","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Open  and Collaborative Science recognizes the value of plurality and diversity in science, and the right of diverse understandings of knowledge and knowledge-making to co-exist in scientific production.","representedInStars":false}
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{"key":"open-science-source-27/c14","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/79df0f5d5a0a4d3b","nativeRecordCid":"b4a8cff8-405d-4319-a138-7f8e8546e751","documentId":"open-science-source-27","id":"c14","text":"All individuals are actors who are able to deploy their capabilities to use, share and create knowledge.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"individuals","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"It considers all individuals as actors  who  are  able  to  deploy  their capabilities  to  use,  share  and  create knowledge.","representedInStars":false}
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{"key":"open-science-source-27/c17","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/d703c9902f9944ff","nativeRecordCid":"54988c17-a7ca-43d1-b7be-6669ac7ee0b7","documentId":"open-science-source-27","id":"c17","text":"Practicing situated openness helps people understand how context, power relations and structural inequalities condition scientific production and knowledge sharing.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"situated openness","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Practicing  situated openness helps us understand how context, power relations and structural inequalities condition scientific production and knowledge sharing.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-27/c18","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/ea79fe739efe4082","nativeRecordCid":"6d40b8e2-1f86-4eae-ab8c-7f44cd36389d","documentId":"open-science-source-27","id":"c18","text":"Open and Collaborative Science fosters the use of frameworks, mechanisms and tools that enable all social groups to voice and define the conditions under which their knowledge can be shared and used.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"Open and Collaborative Science","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Open and Collaborative Science fosters the use of frameworks, mechanisms and tools that enable all social groups to voice and  Creates  opportunities for define the conditions under which their participation  at all stages knowledge can be shared and used.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-27/c19","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/db8e4fc1b7e84737","nativeRecordCid":"ee5eb79f-309a-4f5f-9545-8dce2e6dfbac","documentId":"open-science-source-27","id":"c19","text":"Citizens, community members and civil society have the right to research.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"","subject":"citizens, community members and civil society","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"In Open and Collaborative Science, citizens, community members and civil society from diverse backgrounds and cultural contexts have the  right to research  and are welcome to participate at all stages of the research process as equal partners and decision makers.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-27/c20","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/b03b296e61ac4210","nativeRecordCid":"30dcbeca-7740-4296-b630-348e50b04b20","documentId":"open-science-source-27","id":"c20","text":"Citizens, community members and civil society are welcome to participate at all stages of the research process as equal partners and decision makers.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"","subject":"citizens, community members and civil society","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"In Open and Collaborative Science, citizens, community members and civil society from diverse backgrounds and cultural contexts have the  right to research  and are welcome to participate at all stages of the research process as equal partners and decision makers.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-27/c21","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/8189b6ba61594889","nativeRecordCid":"5691a1b9-9bfd-4b82-b919-c0c8c63e31ca","documentId":"open-science-source-27","id":"c21","text":"Meaningful participation builds the research skills of individuals outside of academia.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"meaningful participation","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Meaningful participation builds the research skills of individuals outside of academia,  bringing  more  perspectives, methods and worldviews into the scientific Fosters  equitable process.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-27/c22","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/d7a950f65381479d","nativeRecordCid":"d807490e-7250-416f-be36-b127fb003145","documentId":"open-science-source-27","id":"c22","text":"Meaningful participation brings more perspectives, methods and worldviews into the scientific process.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"meaningful participation","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Meaningful participation builds the research skills of individuals outside of academia,  bringing  more  perspectives, methods and worldviews into the scientific Fosters  equitable process.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-27/c23","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/143441cc0d10474e","nativeRecordCid":"648d4ce4-f5d1-40b2-9b07-1ea6ad6c360b","documentId":"open-science-source-27","id":"c23","text":"In Open and Collaborative Science, scientists and communities collaborate as equal partners to create new knowledge.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"Open and Collaborative Science","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"In Open and Collaborative Science, scientists and communities  collaborate as equals partners  to create new knowledge, by means of citizen labs, hacker and makerspaces, science shops, community research centres, and  other  initiatives.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-27/c24","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/b746ecf46808467a","nativeRecordCid":"9d9ae5f6-cab0-45ce-834c-72f0fd74eaed","documentId":"open-science-source-27","id":"c24","text":"Developing trust and appreciation for each other's know-how, skills and lived experiences is key for fostering a spirit of co-creation and social innovation.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"trust and appreciation for each other's know-how, skills and lived experiences","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"We  believe  that developing trust and appreciation for each other’s  know-how,  skills  and  lived experiences is key for fostering a spirit of co-creation and social innovation.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-27/c25","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/249d36bc89f84f96","nativeRecordCid":"f368400c-c0ce-4c13-85d3-16c7c8b9e5f6","documentId":"open-science-source-27","id":"c25","text":"The current infrastructure, tools, platforms, software and technologies used in science often exclude people with disabilities and limited digital rights.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"current infrastructure and technologies used in science","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The current infrastructure, tools, platforms, softwares and technologies we use in science often exclude people with disabilities and limited digital rights.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-27/c26","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/62a62b389250429c","nativeRecordCid":"b953de31-6b0c-4d6f-9789-3f0fba13696d","documentId":"open-science-source-27","id":"c26","text":"Open and Collaborative Science relies on affordable, accessible and independent open-source technologies that include and engage actors who do not usually get to partake in the scientific process.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"Open and Collaborative Science","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Open and Collaborative Science relies on affordable, accessible and independent open-source technologies that include and engage actors who do not usually get to partake in the scientific process.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-27/c27","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/9a3ab37bf46c48ad","nativeRecordCid":"af12b738-d088-4303-86ca-20322ad70312","documentId":"open-science-source-27","id":"c27","text":"In Open and Collaborative Science, sustainable development is not only an end goal but part of the process.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"sustainable development","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"In Open and Collaborative Science, **sustainable development** is not only an end goal, but part of our process.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-27/c28","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/83e882fdfad04aeb","nativeRecordCid":"43107e17-010f-4c63-8c33-31a3421cf313","documentId":"open-science-source-27","id":"c28","text":"The primary responsibility of science is to improve the wellbeing of our society and planet through knowledge.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"science","subject":"science","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"We believe the primary responsibility of science is to improve the wellbeing of our society and planet through knowledge.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-27/c29","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/7e28f836fa9b41b6","nativeRecordCid":"715e4cf4-57da-4a2d-848a-52c3ec5d958e","documentId":"open-science-source-27","id":"c29","text":"The values and principles put forth in this Manifesto are not new; they have been explored, researched and advocated for by many thinkers, activists and advocates in the past.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"the values and principles put forth in this Manifesto","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The set of values and principles we put forth in this document are not new - they have been explored, researched and advocated for by many thinkers, activists and advocates in the past.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-27/c30","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/5baac5fdeaa442fb","nativeRecordCid":"5e24a770-9d63-4212-9cae-d36455cb1c62","documentId":"open-science-source-27","id":"c30","text":"The turn towards openness has already created plenty of opportunities for collaboration.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"the turn towards openness","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"While the turn towards openness has already created plenty of opportunities for collaboration, expanding access to research tools, data and publication -we can do better.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-27/c31","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/74bcf5b9b3514505","nativeRecordCid":"8aa64e08-9805-4628-9a1c-28b1b4919565","documentId":"open-science-source-27","id":"c31","text":"The turn towards openness has expanded access to research tools, data and publication.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"the turn towards openness","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"While the turn towards openness has already created plenty of opportunities for collaboration, expanding access to research tools, data and publication -we can do better.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-27/c32","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/a89ee6c9f5a1401d","nativeRecordCid":"725aa962-15de-4c4b-89f1-e89a9450f5b9","documentId":"open-science-source-27","id":"c32","text":"The potential of Open and Collaborative Science lies in the processes of participation it encourages.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"Open and Collaborative Science","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The potential of Open and Collaborative Science lies in the processes of participation it encourages and the way it equips people with the skills and tools they need to be part of scientific production as equal partners and decision makers.","representedInStars":true}
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{"key":"open-science-source-30/c1","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/7f48f0cd9aa94dac","nativeRecordCid":"5521bc0e-a78b-48ba-86d0-df4a88a9115a","documentId":"open-science-source-30","id":"c1","text":"Indigenous communities feel a tension between protecting Indigenous rights and interests in Indigenous data, including traditional knowledges, and supporting open data, machine learning, broad data sharing, and big data initiatives.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"Indigenous communities and data tension","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Concerns about secondary use of data and limited opportunities for benefit-sharing have focused attention on the tension that Indigenous communities feel between (1) protecting Indigenous rights and interests in Indigenous data (including traditional knowledges) and (2)  supporting open data, machine learning, broad data sharing, and big data initiatives.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-30/c2","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/776bcbed6daf4d23","nativeRecordCid":"3722d437-5f3f-48c6-b73b-08eedb05115f","documentId":"open-science-source-30","id":"c2","text":"The International Indigenous Data Sovereignty Interest Group is a network of nation-state based Indigenous data sovereignty networks and individuals that developed the CARE Principles for Indigenous Data Governance in consultation with Indigenous Peoples, scholars, non-profit organizations, and governments.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"International Indigenous Data Sovereignty Interest Group","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The International Indigenous Data Sovereignty Interest Group (within the Research Data Alliance) is a network of nation-state based Indigenous data sovereignty networks and individuals that developed the ‘CARE Principles for Indigenous Data Governance’ (Collective Benefit, Authority to Control, Responsibility, and Ethics) in consultation with Indigenous Peoples, scholars, non-profit organizations, and governments.","representedInStars":false}
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{"key":"open-science-source-30/c6","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/cb87fc80f5e84ea3","nativeRecordCid":"fd8ae3a7-4206-4dcf-86e1-76573a1704ef","documentId":"open-science-source-30","id":"c6","text":"Data plays a crucial role in advancing self-determination among Indigenous Peoples.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"role of data","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The CARE Principles are people– and purpose-oriented, reflecting the crucial role of data in advancing innovation, governance, and self-determination among Indigenous Peoples.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-30/c7","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/139127dd03784fed","nativeRecordCid":"219825f6-7bfe-4d6a-8150-017687a1ea45","documentId":"open-science-source-30","id":"c7","text":"The CARE Principles complement the existing data-centric approach represented in the FAIR Guiding Principles for scientific data management and stewardship.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"CARE Principles and FAIR Principles","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The Principles complement the existing data-centric approach represented in the ‘FAIR Guiding Principles for scientific data management and stewardship’ (Findable, Accessible, Interoperable, Reusable).","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-30/c8","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/12d11ca8125b45ae","nativeRecordCid":"594bc689-c7a2-4103-b35c-8cc482d6096c","documentId":"open-science-source-30","id":"c8","text":"The CARE Principles build upon earlier work by the Te Mana Raraunga Maori Data Sovereignty Network, US Indigenous Data Sovereignty Network, Maiam nayri Wingara Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Data Sovereignty Collective, and numerous Indigenous Peoples, nations, and communities.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"CARE Principles origins","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The CARE Principles build upon earlier work by the Te Mana Raraunga Maori Data Sovereignty Network, US Indigenous Data Sovereignty Network, Maiam nayri Wingara Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Data Sovereignty Collective, and numerous Indigenous Peoples, nations, and communities.","representedInStars":false}
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{"key":"open-science-source-30/c10","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/caba6060e08b44a5","nativeRecordCid":"ea2ca6ae-c183-4c59-bf58-386421d42e67","documentId":"open-science-source-30","id":"c10","text":"Data have increasingly become a global resource used for making decisions.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"data as a global resource","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"As the world engages with open data, big data, data reuse, and open science, data have increasingly become a global resource used for wielding power, making decisions, spurring innovation and discovery, and commercialization (Independent Expert Advisory Group 2014, The Economist 2017).","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-30/c11","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/18647d4e304b4d0a","nativeRecordCid":"323d095c-b43c-4bfa-a922-65e656157203","documentId":"open-science-source-30","id":"c11","text":"Data have increasingly become a global resource used for spurring innovation and discovery.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"data as a global resource","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"As the world engages with open data, big data, data reuse, and open science, data have increasingly become a global resource used for wielding power, making decisions, spurring innovation and discovery, and commercialization (Independent Expert Advisory Group 2014, The Economist 2017).","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-30/c12","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/2ec3a7a2095048cd","nativeRecordCid":"685657a7-3a2e-4e0f-94ce-072f0fa32bbe","documentId":"open-science-source-30","id":"c12","text":"Data have increasingly become a global resource used for commercialization.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"data as a global resource","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"As the world engages with open data, big data, data reuse, and open science, data have increasingly become a global resource used for wielding power, making decisions, spurring innovation and discovery, and commercialization (Independent Expert Advisory Group 2014, The Economist 2017).","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-30/c13","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/c9c9e4db7cb445df","nativeRecordCid":"01e78ffe-6bb6-47fa-be33-95785942640d","documentId":"open-science-source-30","id":"c13","text":"The effects of the shift toward data as a global resource are amplified by the adoption of artificial intelligence technologies.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"amplification of data's effects","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The effects of this shift are amplified by the adoption of artificial intelligence technologies and the increasing convergence of biological and digital worlds facilitated through data sharing platforms.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-30/c14","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/1767db9271084da7","nativeRecordCid":"ec86b0c4-dcb0-460f-b1ac-b2aa04662a3a","documentId":"open-science-source-30","id":"c14","text":"The effects of the shift toward data as a global resource are amplified by the increasing convergence of biological and digital worlds facilitated through data sharing platforms.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"amplification of data's effects","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The effects of this shift are amplified by the adoption of artificial intelligence technologies and the increasing convergence of biological and digital worlds facilitated through data sharing platforms.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-30/c15","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/60663831b85c4d6b","nativeRecordCid":"0b8fa2ef-da05-42c6-9d95-09c6ca528a48","documentId":"open-science-source-30","id":"c15","text":"Indigenous Peoples have historically been plagued by data inequities and data exploitation.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"Indigenous Peoples and data inequities","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Historically plagued by data inequities and data exploitation, Indigenous Peoples have raised concerns about the need to integrate Indigenous knowledges and approaches into data practices and policies as both the volume and opportunities for secondary use of data increase (Jackson et al. 2019; Kukutai & Cormack 2019; Carroll et al. 2019; Garrison et al. 2019; Rainie et al. 2019; Kukutai & Taylor 2016b).","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-30/c16","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/4b03f989bd0d4f31","nativeRecordCid":"0d580dbe-6da3-44cf-af46-085d63fa82fd","documentId":"open-science-source-30","id":"c16","text":"Indigenous knowledges and approaches must be integrated into data practices and policies.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"","subject":"integration of Indigenous knowledges into data practices","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Historically plagued by data inequities and data exploitation, Indigenous Peoples have raised concerns about the need to integrate Indigenous knowledges and approaches into data practices and policies as both the volume and opportunities for secondary use of data increase (Jackson et al. 2019; Kukutai & Cormack 2019; Carroll et al. 2019; Garrison et al. 2019; Rainie et al. 2019; Kukutai & Taylor 2016b).","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-30/c17","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/eb16ff51acdc4d46","nativeRecordCid":"847d6691-be79-4afe-a0f2-9e69f55d7ed9","documentId":"open-science-source-30","id":"c17","text":"The articulation of Indigenous Peoples' rights and interests in data about their peoples, communities, cultures, and territories is part of reclaiming control of data, data ecosystems, data science, and data narratives in the context of open data and open science.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"articulation of Indigenous data rights","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The articulation of Indigenous Peoples’ rights and interests in data about their peoples, communities, cultures, and territories is part of reclaiming control of data, data ecosystems, data science, and data narratives in the context of open data and open science.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-30/c18","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/c512e2269c37466e","nativeRecordCid":"919dfd32-47fb-4912-b201-5b7d1c2c12d0","documentId":"open-science-source-30","id":"c18","text":"Control, coupled with a focus on collective benefit and equity, repositions Indigenous Peoples, nations, and communities from being subjects of data that perpetuate unequal power distributions to self-determining users of data for development and wellbeing.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"control and repositioning of Indigenous Peoples","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Control, coupled with a focus on collective benefit and equity, repositions Indigenous Peoples, nations, and communities from being subjects of data that perpetuate unequal power distributions to self-determining users of data for development and wellbeing.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-30/c19","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/2882bb3b6bb04f2b","nativeRecordCid":"77030639-cedb-4b58-915f-68c9b032cb35","documentId":"open-science-source-30","id":"c19","text":"Harnessing data for governance and acting in the governance of data shifts Indigenous Peoples from invisibility within data ecosystems to vibrant contributors to data policies, practices, ethics, and innovation.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"data for governance and governance of data","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Harnessing _data for governance_ and acting in the _governance of data,_ shifts Indigenous Peoples from invisibility within data ecosystems to vibrant contributors to data policies, practices, ethics, and innovation.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-30/c20","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/71cde79b567141fa","nativeRecordCid":"ff205094-a96b-4963-a0a5-98c61c9260e1","documentId":"open-science-source-30","id":"c20","text":"Indigenous Peoples have continuity with their pre-colonial societies.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"Indigenous Peoples' continuity","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Indigenous Peoples have continuity with their pre-colonial societies and seek to use their own social, political, and economic systems to preserve, develop, and transmit to future generations their cultures, knowledges, and relationships with their territories and resources (Martinez Cobo 1982).","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-30/c21","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/c976de21905c466b","nativeRecordCid":"c382ef9f-1ddf-4d2f-8ab3-2716f0787417","documentId":"open-science-source-30","id":"c21","text":"Indigenous Peoples seek to use their own social, political, and economic systems to preserve, develop, and transmit to future generations their cultures, knowledges, and relationships with their territories and resources.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"Indigenous Peoples' systems","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Indigenous Peoples have continuity with their pre-colonial societies and seek to use their own social, political, and economic systems to preserve, develop, and transmit to future generations their cultures, knowledges, and relationships with their territories and resources (Martinez Cobo 1982).","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-30/c22","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/4f00293ab4304e65","nativeRecordCid":"66fd7fed-7829-4988-a868-b3d3783743bb","documentId":"open-science-source-30","id":"c22","text":"Indigenous Peoples retain their rights to self-determine their forms of collective governance and rules of membership.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"Indigenous Peoples' self-determination rights","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"While often limited by settler-colonial oppression and definition, Indigenous Peoples retain their rights to self-determine their forms of collective governance and rules of membership.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-30/c23","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/e502002d8a1e42da","nativeRecordCid":"b827e6a6-3358-49e1-b883-ca413dae23a1","documentId":"open-science-source-30","id":"c23","text":"Indigenous Peoples as sovereign political collectives often participate in supra- and intertribal organizations.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"Indigenous political collectives","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Indigenous Peoples as sovereign political collectives often participate in supra- and intertribal organizations such as the Oceti Sakowin Oyate and the Iwi Chairs’ Forum, and have local or regional sub-systems such as Tohono O’Odham districts in the US and the Federation of Victorian Traditional Owner Corporations in Australia.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-30/c24","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/c02d63a1858b44ec","nativeRecordCid":"0f069909-65b1-4e2b-9cb0-653ccd278e1f","documentId":"open-science-source-30","id":"c24","text":"Indigenous Peoples as sovereign political collectives have local or regional sub-systems.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"Indigenous political collectives","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Indigenous Peoples as sovereign political collectives often participate in supra- and intertribal organizations such as the Oceti Sakowin Oyate and the Iwi Chairs’ Forum, and have local or regional sub-systems such as Tohono O’Odham districts in the US and the Federation of Victorian Traditional Owner Corporations in Australia.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-30/c25","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/1fbdcad2a784459c","nativeRecordCid":"afc83d92-b4cc-4fbc-bbe3-09e176220348","documentId":"open-science-source-30","id":"c25","text":"Indigenous people often live as citizens of nations (Indigenous) within nations (the nation state).","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"Indigenous citizenship","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Indigenous people often live as citizens of nations (Indigenous) within nations (the nation state, e.g., the United States).","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-30/c26","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/7011a19c2f8347c1","nativeRecordCid":"a52e31ea-0f19-4422-b99b-2b3a9c764d48","documentId":"open-science-source-30","id":"c26","text":"Indigenous people also participate in other Indigenous stakeholder groups that do not hold inherent sovereignty.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"Indigenous stakeholder groups","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Indigenous people also participate in other Indigenous stakeholder groups that do not hold inherent sovereignty, including daily life within Indigenous communities (groups of individuals) within their nations or mainstream society and interaction with Indigenous organizations such as health care entities, non-profits, and businesses.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-30/c27","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/c7e15b48a3f848c7","nativeRecordCid":"bd01e1d8-9eac-4bb7-bd9e-d287fff750dc","documentId":"open-science-source-30","id":"c27","text":"Ongoing processes of colonization of Indigenous Peoples and globalization of Western ideas, values, and lifestyles have resulted in epistemicide.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"colonization and globalization effects","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Ongoing processes of colonization of Indigenous Peoples and globalization of Western ideas, values, and lifestyles have resulted in epistemicide, the suppression and co-optation of Indigenous knowledges and data systems (Carroll, Rodriguez-Lonebear & Martinez 2019; Kukutai & Taylor 2016a; Kukutai & Walter 2015; Smith 2012).","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-30/c28","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/932a7874587140f3","nativeRecordCid":"238124ff-0387-4d14-852b-311ccd9eefbe","documentId":"open-science-source-30","id":"c28","text":"Epistemicide is the suppression and co-optation of Indigenous knowledges and data systems.","kind":"definitional","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"epistemicide","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Ongoing processes of colonization of Indigenous Peoples and globalization of Western ideas, values, and lifestyles have resulted in epistemicide, the suppression and co-optation of Indigenous knowledges and data systems (Carroll, Rodriguez-Lonebear & Martinez 2019; Kukutai & Taylor 2016a; Kukutai & Walter 2015; Smith 2012).","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-30/c29","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/07ebe5cd72d44b7b","nativeRecordCid":"f100cc05-3572-4773-8635-013f96477716","documentId":"open-science-source-30","id":"c29","text":"Colonization and globalization processes have limited the ability of Indigenous Peoples to recover, develop, and sustain their knowledges.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"limits on Indigenous knowledge recovery","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"These processes have limited the ability of Indigenous Peoples to recover, develop, and sustain their knowledges, an ability that is central to Indigenous Peoples’ capacity to realize their human rights and fulfil their responsibilities (Wilson, 2004; Ratima 2001).","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-30/c30","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/79f7eb349fb84380","nativeRecordCid":"e72f157d-d754-42c6-883a-3257c6b417d8","documentId":"open-science-source-30","id":"c30","text":"The ability of Indigenous Peoples to recover, develop, and sustain their knowledges is central to Indigenous Peoples' capacity to realize their human rights and fulfil their responsibilities.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"knowledge recovery and human rights","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"These processes have limited the ability of Indigenous Peoples to recover, develop, and sustain their knowledges, an ability that is central to Indigenous Peoples’ capacity to realize their human rights and fulfil their responsibilities (Wilson, 2004; Ratima 2001).","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-30/c31","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/aa80f3f79baa4abe","nativeRecordCid":"2f1a0ab1-beb4-4dd1-bac2-cf300ecb2ffc","documentId":"open-science-source-30","id":"c31","text":"Social justice movements have promoted the importance of equity within society.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"social justice movements","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Alongside Indigenous aspirations for self-determination, social justice movements have promoted the importance of equity within society and become more deliberate about addressing the negative effects of unconscious bias and structural racism.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-30/c32","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/79172f0c497a46c1","nativeRecordCid":"96f45776-4e18-476d-b1f3-7559996c58a1","documentId":"open-science-source-30","id":"c32","text":"Social justice movements have become more deliberate about addressing the negative effects of unconscious bias and structural racism.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"social justice movements","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Alongside Indigenous aspirations for self-determination, social justice movements have promoted the importance of equity within society and become more deliberate about addressing the negative effects of unconscious bias and structural racism.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-30/c33","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/1b111a7a472442c2","nativeRecordCid":"a0464ae8-3a09-46db-8404-40df0b76b7a6","documentId":"open-science-source-30","id":"c33","text":"Bias is pervasive across data ecosystems, sub-systems, institutions, and communities.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"pervasiveness of bias","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The pervasiveness of bias across data ecosystems (digital infrastructures, analytics, and applications), within sub-systems (regions/platforms), as well as institutions and communities indicate the importance of addressing inequities at multiple levels.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-30/c34","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/2e993c47d1314957","nativeRecordCid":"d9511dcf-3ddc-460b-8ed3-9d1cdffc1c43","documentId":"open-science-source-30","id":"c34","text":"Addressing inequities at multiple levels is important.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"addressing inequities","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The pervasiveness of bias across data ecosystems (digital infrastructures, analytics, and applications), within sub-systems (regions/platforms), as well as institutions and communities indicate the importance of addressing inequities at multiple levels.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-30/c35","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/c052850d4f334683","nativeRecordCid":"974816e4-10f0-4905-9bf4-31d4cbacbaf3","documentId":"open-science-source-30","id":"c35","text":"Indigenous people recognize and already incorporate multi-scale complexity in their knowledge systems and activities, whereas this may not be the case for other communities of practice or knowledge systems.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"multi-scale complexity in knowledge systems","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Indigenous people recognize and already incorporate this multi-scale complexity in their knowledge systems and activities; however, this may not be the case for other communities of practice, or knowledge systems.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-30/c36","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/ef567f28bdfc4ea9","nativeRecordCid":"caff5546-42a9-4586-b742-f043aa79b62a","documentId":"open-science-source-30","id":"c36","text":"UNDRIP reaffirms Indigenous Peoples' rights to self-determination as political entities.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"UNDRIP and self-determination","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"UNDRIP reaffirms Indigenous Peoples’ rights to self-determination as political entities and honors the principle of Indigenous control over Indigenous data (Tsosie 2019; Davis 2016).","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-30/c37","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/690adc2e2b734004","nativeRecordCid":"52950d0e-3d89-44fe-8dbf-606a2790b20a","documentId":"open-science-source-30","id":"c37","text":"UNDRIP honors the principle of Indigenous control over Indigenous data.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"UNDRIP and Indigenous data control","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"UNDRIP reaffirms Indigenous Peoples’ rights to self-determination as political entities and honors the principle of Indigenous control over Indigenous data (Tsosie 2019; Davis 2016).","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-30/c38","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/5b2ce4b03794408c","nativeRecordCid":"ee2b5639-2b17-49cd-a022-9609b8168e52","documentId":"open-science-source-30","id":"c38","text":"The rights articulated in UNDRIP reflect discourse around Indigenous Cultural and Intellectual Property Rights.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"UNDRIP and ICIP discourse","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The rights articulated in UNDRIP (especially Article 31) also reflect discourse around Indigenous Cultural and Intellectual Property Rights (ICIP) and Indigenous research ethics (Mātaatua Declaration 1993; Julayinbul Statement 1993; Janke 1998, 2004; Drugge 2016; Tsosie 1997, 2019; Anderson 2009, 2015).","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-30/c39","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/eb37e879954d44ae","nativeRecordCid":"aacdf4b8-4a7a-4589-85bb-74510884af51","documentId":"open-science-source-30","id":"c39","text":"The rights articulated in UNDRIP reflect discourse around Indigenous research ethics.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"UNDRIP and research ethics discourse","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The rights articulated in UNDRIP (especially Article 31) also reflect discourse around Indigenous Cultural and Intellectual Property Rights (ICIP) and Indigenous research ethics (Mātaatua Declaration 1993; Julayinbul Statement 1993; Janke 1998, 2004; Drugge 2016; Tsosie 1997, 2019; Anderson 2009, 2015).","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-30/c40","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/a3ff0555e1c045a1","nativeRecordCid":"b2b14076-0f07-4c5d-8dbd-899a85c01f9c","documentId":"open-science-source-30","id":"c40","text":"UNDRIP reflects a broad approach to Indigenous data that is not restricted by mainstream conceptions of knowledge and intellectual property.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"UNDRIP's approach to Indigenous data","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"UNDRIP reflects a broad approach to Indigenous data that is not restricted by mainstream conceptions of knowledge and intellectual property (Posey & Dutfield, 1996).","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-30/c41","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/5dd4b6c4038543fb","nativeRecordCid":"9c07fa81-717d-45b0-9b12-69759596634d","documentId":"open-science-source-30","id":"c41","text":"Indigenous Peoples' data include data generated by Indigenous Peoples, as well as by governments and other institutions, on and about Indigenous Peoples and territories.","kind":"definitional","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"Indigenous Peoples' data","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Indigenous Peoples’ data include data generated by Indigenous Peoples, as well as by governments and other institutions, on and about Indigenous Peoples and territories.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-30/c42","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/95593b793b4c42e6","nativeRecordCid":"e3da438f-06bd-417b-9ff5-8458155de6b5","documentId":"open-science-source-30","id":"c42","text":"Indigenous Peoples' data include information about Indigenous communities and about the individuals, Indigenous and non-Indigenous, that live within those communities.","kind":"definitional","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"Indigenous Peoples' data","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"As well as information about Indigenous communities and the individuals, Indigenous and non-Indigenous, that live within (Carroll,  Rodriguez-Lonebear & Martinez 2019; Rainie et al. 2019; MnW 2018; Nickerson 2017; TMR 2016).","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-30/c43","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/5cdc6275cbb54552","nativeRecordCid":"1f6bf6de-7ce2-487f-9f1b-e8f79e7dbb4f","documentId":"open-science-source-30","id":"c43","text":"Indigenous Peoples' data comprise information and knowledge about the environment, lands, skies, resources, and non-humans with which Indigenous Peoples have relations.","kind":"definitional","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"Indigenous Peoples' data","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Indigenous Peoples’ data comprise (1) information and knowledge about the environment, lands, skies, resources, and non-humans with which they have relations; (2) information about Indigenous persons such as administrative, census, health, social, commercial, and corporate and, (3) information and knowledge about Indigenous Peoples as collectives, including traditional and cultural information, oral histories, ancestral and clan knowledge, cultural sites, and stories, belongings.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-30/c44","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/f9be4c150b224dea","nativeRecordCid":"8d8570e3-ce34-448b-8084-4f27b58d2132","documentId":"open-science-source-30","id":"c44","text":"Indigenous Peoples' data comprise information about Indigenous persons such as administrative, census, health, social, commercial, and corporate information.","kind":"definitional","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"Indigenous Peoples' data","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Indigenous Peoples’ data comprise (1) information and knowledge about the environment, lands, skies, resources, and non-humans with which they have relations; (2) information about Indigenous persons such as administrative, census, health, social, commercial, and corporate and, (3) information and knowledge about Indigenous Peoples as collectives, including traditional and cultural information, oral histories, ancestral and clan knowledge, cultural sites, and stories, belongings.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-30/c45","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/6566011ba862416d","nativeRecordCid":"12927b43-e91a-451c-8f17-547af30686c5","documentId":"open-science-source-30","id":"c45","text":"Indigenous Peoples' data comprise information and knowledge about Indigenous Peoples as collectives, including traditional and cultural information, oral histories, ancestral and clan knowledge, cultural sites, stories, and belongings.","kind":"definitional","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"Indigenous Peoples' data","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Indigenous Peoples’ data comprise (1) information and knowledge about the environment, lands, skies, resources, and non-humans with which they have relations; (2) information about Indigenous persons such as administrative, census, health, social, commercial, and corporate and, (3) information and knowledge about Indigenous Peoples as collectives, including traditional and cultural information, oral histories, ancestral and clan knowledge, cultural sites, and stories, belongings.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-30/c46","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/9de195dd84584f20","nativeRecordCid":"8d675137-3e79-454b-b99a-c1b5c7ab4058","documentId":"open-science-source-30","id":"c46","text":"The advancement of Indigenous self-determination and the reclamation of Indigenous identity and knowledges over the past 50 years has led to the emergence of Indigenous Data Sovereignty.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"emergence of Indigenous Data Sovereignty","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The advancement of Indigenous self-determination and the reclamation of Indigenous identity and knowledges over the past 50 years has led to the emergence of Indigenous Data Sovereignty, an assertion of the rights and interests of Indigenous Peoples in relation to data about them, their territories, and their ways of life (Carroll, Rodriguez-Lonebear & Martinez 2019; Rainie et al. 2017; Kukutai & Taylor 2016a; Snipp 2016).","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-30/c47","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/61f99d1e94974e83","nativeRecordCid":"7bbebf71-6f83-4d3c-b87a-ffe23aff8dec","documentId":"open-science-source-30","id":"c47","text":"Indigenous Data Sovereignty is an assertion of the rights and interests of Indigenous Peoples in relation to data about them, their territories, and their ways of life.","kind":"definitional","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"Indigenous Data Sovereignty","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The advancement of Indigenous self-determination and the reclamation of Indigenous identity and knowledges over the past 50 years has led to the emergence of Indigenous Data Sovereignty, an assertion of the rights and interests of Indigenous Peoples in relation to data about them, their territories, and their ways of life (Carroll, Rodriguez-Lonebear & Martinez 2019; Rainie et al. 2017; Kukutai & Taylor 2016a; Snipp 2016).","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-30/c48","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/e8e538a1b92b4e33","nativeRecordCid":"83e97358-d7e1-4a64-8e63-708301fc4034","documentId":"open-science-source-30","id":"c48","text":"Big data, open data, open science, and data reuse have become an integral part of research and institutional practices.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"data practices in research institutions","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Indigenous Data Sovereignty has become an increasingly relevant topic as big data, open data, open science, and data reuse become an integral part of research and institutional practices (Carroll, Rodriguez-Lonebear & Martinez 2019; Lovett et al. 2019; Rainie et al. 2019; Kukutai & Taylor 2016a; Taylor & Kukutai 2015).","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-30/c49","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/7a21f4504f3f4238","nativeRecordCid":"7111e55d-9e48-40eb-82e4-f066fcbb9180","documentId":"open-science-source-30","id":"c49","text":"Indigenous Data Sovereignty has become an increasingly relevant topic.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"Indigenous Data Sovereignty","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Indigenous Data Sovereignty has become an increasingly relevant topic as big data, open data, open science, and data reuse become an integral part of research and institutional practices (Carroll, Rodriguez-Lonebear & Martinez 2019; Lovett et al. 2019; Rainie et al. 2019; Kukutai & Taylor 2016a; Taylor & Kukutai 2015).","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-30/c50","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/1ce0b2a590b84106","nativeRecordCid":"ab52d56e-96a0-48a9-895f-979fadfcf8bb","documentId":"open-science-source-30","id":"c50","text":"Most Indigenous data are held by non-Indigenous governments, institutions, and agencies.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"holders of Indigenous data","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Given that most Indigenous data are held by non-Indigenous governments, institutions, and agencies, increasing Indigenous Peoples’ participation in data governance activities is central to realizing Indigenous Data Sovereignty (Carroll, Rodriguez-Lonebear & Martinez 2019; Rainie et al. 2019; Kukutai & Taylor 2016b; Rodriguez-Lonebear 2016; Smith 2016; Snipp 2016).","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-30/c51","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/53c13a7fb6f84e2d","nativeRecordCid":"c4c92da8-0d9b-498d-82d4-44f51bd92213","documentId":"open-science-source-30","id":"c51","text":"Increasing Indigenous Peoples' participation in data governance activities is central to realizing Indigenous Data Sovereignty.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"Indigenous participation in data governance","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Given that most Indigenous data are held by non-Indigenous governments, institutions, and agencies, increasing Indigenous Peoples’ participation in data governance activities is central to realizing Indigenous Data Sovereignty (Carroll, Rodriguez-Lonebear & Martinez 2019; Rainie et al. 2019; Kukutai & Taylor 2016b; Rodriguez-Lonebear 2016; Smith 2016; Snipp 2016).","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-30/c52","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/9411d19341044122","nativeRecordCid":"efc8f7fb-a5a0-4a8e-a64f-613377b51b2b","documentId":"open-science-source-30","id":"c52","text":"Indigenous data governance includes the stewardship of Indigenous data.","kind":"definitional","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"Indigenous data governance","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Indigenous data governance includes both the stewardship and the processes necessary to implement Indigenous control over Indigenous data (collection, storage, analysis, use, reuse) (Carroll, Rodriguez-Lonebear & Martinez 2019; Rainie et al. 2019; Walter 2018; Rodriguez-Lonebear 2016; Smith 2016).","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-30/c53","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/4db33f82f3d24383","nativeRecordCid":"4f80451e-57ae-4675-88c8-84620f77f917","documentId":"open-science-source-30","id":"c53","text":"Indigenous data governance includes the processes necessary to implement Indigenous control over Indigenous data.","kind":"definitional","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"Indigenous data governance","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Indigenous data governance includes both the stewardship and the processes necessary to implement Indigenous control over Indigenous data (collection, storage, analysis, use, reuse) (Carroll, Rodriguez-Lonebear & Martinez 2019; Rainie et al. 2019; Walter 2018; Rodriguez-Lonebear 2016; Smith 2016).","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-30/c54","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/95fb00e5d8e54292","nativeRecordCid":"d7d630df-e339-40f6-9fdc-90c0f8e8fa6e","documentId":"open-science-source-30","id":"c54","text":"The development of conceptual frameworks to inform processes for stewardship and control of Indigenous data has been ongoing in areas such as science, research methods, and research governance.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"conceptual frameworks for Indigenous data stewardship","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The development of conceptual frameworks to inform processes for stewardship and control of Indigenous data has been ongoing in areas such as science, research methods, and research governance (Cajete, 2000; Wilson, 2008; Kovach, 2009; McGregor, Restoule & Johnston, 2018).","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-30/c55","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/7c83272498db4957","nativeRecordCid":"540a8d67-aca4-4183-af46-ac600913c12c","documentId":"open-science-source-30","id":"c55","text":"Insights generated from frameworks for stewardship and control of Indigenous data must be applied within data ecosystems to help address the challenge of producing data that reflect Indigenous Peoples' interests and governance needs.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"","subject":"application of Indigenous data frameworks","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"There is a need to apply insights generated from these frameworks within data ecosystems to help address the challenge of producing data that reflect Indigenous Peoples’ interests and governance needs.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-30/c56","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/38b59a8b722b4a28","nativeRecordCid":"1b77589f-a8c1-477f-ace5-673e90730ef7","documentId":"open-science-source-30","id":"c56","text":"Mainstream values related to research and data are often inconsistent with Indigenous cultures and collective rights.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"mainstream research values","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Mainstream values related to research and data are often inconsistent with Indigenous cultures and collective rights.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-30/c57","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/8dd870b6d6e2488c","nativeRecordCid":"b529c633-050c-440c-8934-6500908962bd","documentId":"open-science-source-30","id":"c57","text":"Publicly funded research requires data sharing.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"publicly funded research","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"For instance, data historically belonged to the researcher in mainstream settings, a notion that has shifted under open data and open science movements where publicly funded research requires data sharing.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-30/c58","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/2fd47b3687de4a6c","nativeRecordCid":"74307b35-f741-4b7a-b780-2e8a43ee7f3f","documentId":"open-science-source-30","id":"c58","text":"Indigenous worldviews have typically centered 'people' and 'purpose' through governance processes that emphasize collective ownership and control of data.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"Indigenous worldviews on data governance","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Meanwhile, Indigenous worldviews have typically centered ‘people’ and ‘purpose’ through governance processes that emphasize collective ownership and control of data (Carroll, Rodriguez-Lonebear & Martinez 2019; Kukutai & Taylor 2016b; Smith 2016; Snipp 2016).","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-30/c59","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/c3e99064c2a542b6","nativeRecordCid":"c35605bd-bd95-4de3-8e0f-b2213a0a483a","documentId":"open-science-source-30","id":"c59","text":"Indigenous Peoples have been working on ways to authenticate Indigenous forms of knowledge.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"authentication of Indigenous knowledge","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Indigenous Peoples have been working on ways to authenticate Indigenous forms of knowledge and to fortify their rights to govern research and resulting data (Garrison et al. 2019; Hudson et al. 2016; Smith 2012).","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-30/c60","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/2e055d8f359942dc","nativeRecordCid":"137b580e-9140-4507-aaca-d52401bcf2e8","documentId":"open-science-source-30","id":"c60","text":"Indigenous Peoples have been working on ways to fortify their rights to govern research and resulting data.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"Indigenous Peoples' rights to govern research","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Indigenous Peoples have been working on ways to authenticate Indigenous forms of knowledge and to fortify their rights to govern research and resulting data (Garrison et al. 2019; Hudson et al. 2016; Smith 2012).","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-30/c61","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/a1d64e5aaa104288","nativeRecordCid":"a8c8f9b3-e06f-42d8-86b7-67de82a79a2b","documentId":"open-science-source-30","id":"c61","text":"A primary goal underlying the CARE Principles is fostering Indigenous self-determination by enhancing Indigenous use of data for Indigenous pursuits.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"goals underlying CARE Principles","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Underlying this need were the primary goals of (1) fostering Indigenous self-determination by enhancing Indigenous use of data for Indigenous pursuits and (2) honoring the ‘FAIR Guiding Principles for  scientific data management and stewardship’ (Findable, Accessible, Interoperable, Reusable) (Wilkinson et al. 2016), while ensuring data sharing on Indigenous terms.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-30/c62","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/f2f01035043948cf","nativeRecordCid":"cb5d9c8f-4019-4aa8-859e-914c30581e8b","documentId":"open-science-source-30","id":"c62","text":"A primary goal underlying the CARE Principles is honoring the FAIR Guiding Principles for scientific data management and stewardship while ensuring data sharing on Indigenous terms.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"goals underlying CARE Principles","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Underlying this need were the primary goals of (1) fostering Indigenous self-determination by enhancing Indigenous use of data for Indigenous pursuits and (2) honoring the ‘FAIR Guiding Principles for  scientific data management and stewardship’ (Findable, Accessible, Interoperable, Reusable) (Wilkinson et al. 2016), while ensuring data sharing on Indigenous terms.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-30/c63","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/84339475162c4ae7","nativeRecordCid":"81a0a84f-f282-4b79-81fc-8f4706a4879c","documentId":"open-science-source-30","id":"c63","text":"The CARE Principles empower Indigenous Peoples by shifting the focus from regulated consultation to value-based relationships that position data approaches within Indigenous cultures and knowledge systems to the benefit of Indigenous Peoples.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"CARE Principles' empowerment effect","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The ‘CARE Principles for Indigenous Data Governance’ (Collective Benefit, Authority to Control, Responsibility, and Ethics) (RDA IG 2019) empower Indigenous Peoples by shifting the focus from regulated consultation to value-based relationships that position data approaches within Indigenous cultures and knowledge systems to the benefit of Indigenous Peoples (Castellano 2004; Anderson et al. 2003).","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-30/c64","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/eb4f5a7890394ad5","nativeRecordCid":"788721b3-6437-4144-a25e-cd016323104d","documentId":"open-science-source-30","id":"c64","text":"The shift from regulated consultation to value-based relationships promotes equitable participation in processes of data reuse.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"equitable participation in data reuse","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"This shift ultimately promotes equitable participation in processes of data reuse, which will result in more equitable outcomes.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-30/c65","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/5af201c0e7734e55","nativeRecordCid":"cdb6262e-40dc-4566-9d76-ef454e1f0bfd","documentId":"open-science-source-30","id":"c65","text":"Equitable participation in processes of data reuse will result in more equitable outcomes.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"equitable participation in data reuse","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"This shift ultimately promotes equitable participation in processes of data reuse, which will result in more equitable outcomes.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-30/c66","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/d1ef558eb2c54df1","nativeRecordCid":"e0809d46-9864-4494-9ff7-56f586585ab2","documentId":"open-science-source-30","id":"c66","text":"Both Indigenous and mainstream principles identified data-centric principles, while the Indigenous frameworks emphasized people- and purpose-oriented principles.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"Indigenous versus mainstream data frameworks","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"While both Indigenous and mainstream principles identified data-centric principles (such as those named in the FAIR Principles), the Indigenous frameworks emphasized people- and purpose-oriented principles.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-30/c67","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/6cecfee5660a45ce","nativeRecordCid":"ead5b368-c86d-4320-8ec7-ed0a15aade02","documentId":"open-science-source-30","id":"c67","text":"The CARE Principles guide the inclusion of Indigenous Peoples in data processes that strengthen Indigenous control for improved discovery, access, use, reuse, and attribution in contemporary data landscapes.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"CARE Principles' function","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The CARE Principles are designed to complement the FAIR Principles and guide the inclusion of Indigenous Peoples in data processes that strengthen Indigenous control for improved discovery, access, use, reuse, and attribution in contemporary data landscapes.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-30/c68","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/50ecbee1e348430a","nativeRecordCid":"2d2de98e-c92c-4498-84cd-32265e21b35f","documentId":"open-science-source-30","id":"c68","text":"The CARE Principles address important considerations for modern data ecosystems and across data lifecycles that support both innovation and Indigenous self-determination.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"CARE Principles' scope","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The CARE Principles address important considerations for modern data ecosystems and across data lifecycles that support both innovation and Indigenous self-determination ( **Figure 2** ).","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-30/c69","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/299fdae76c324b44","nativeRecordCid":"aab14238-547b-4e5e-bf7c-f26e0fddc4ea","documentId":"open-science-source-30","id":"c69","text":"The CARE Principles describe high-level actions applicable within research, government, and institutional data settings.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"CARE Principles' actions","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The Principles describe highlevel actions applicable within research, government, and institutional data settings.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-30/c70","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/1ebe2836b3ab41d0","nativeRecordCid":"21e2e16c-be3d-405e-9f43-c616d464a9b1","documentId":"open-science-source-30","id":"c70","text":"Data stewards and other users of Indigenous data should implement CARE and FAIR Principles in tandem.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"data stewards and other users of Indigenous data","subject":"implementation of CARE and FAIR Principles","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The goal is for data stewards and other users of Indigenous data to implement CARE and FAIR Principles in tandem.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-30/c71","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/bf4642a255b040c7","nativeRecordCid":"a8b44a8f-d4c5-464d-bb3b-8ba1039318ff","documentId":"open-science-source-30","id":"c71","text":"While each is conceptually distinct, the CARE Principles are related to each other.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"relationship among CARE Principles","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"While each is conceptually distinct, the CARE Principles are related to each other.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-30/c72","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/012bcb44eec542ca","nativeRecordCid":"ac694f3a-b702-45da-bcfb-03f3148e3da2","documentId":"open-science-source-30","id":"c72","text":"The CARE Principles define rights, interests, and concepts to be employed in facilitating Indigenous control in data governance and reuse.","kind":"definitional","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"CARE Principles' content","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The Principles define rights, interests, and concepts to be employed in facilitating Indigenous control in data governance and reuse.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-30/c73","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/d0437ceacc284eb0","nativeRecordCid":"e19e6ac5-55a2-4706-8798-3c6edea769a0","documentId":"open-science-source-30","id":"c73","text":"An enacted mechanism can address a single CARE Principle or multiple simultaneously.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"enacted mechanisms and CARE Principles","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"An enacted mechanism can address a single Principle or multiple simultaneously.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-30/c74","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/a1ced83b391d4562","nativeRecordCid":"7521fc01-c16d-4fef-8869-8e6757b68f21","documentId":"open-science-source-30","id":"c74","text":"Data governance must address the full set of CARE Principles to demonstrate a CARE Full process.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"data governance processes","subject":"data governance and CARE Full process","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"However, data governance must address the full set of Principles to demonstrate a CARE Full process.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-30/c75","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/25c34b2dd9ed4f16","nativeRecordCid":"a8ee8f9c-caf2-48c0-b0d3-07bcd047c63f","documentId":"open-science-source-30","id":"c75","text":"Indigenous data must facilitate collective benefit for Indigenous Peoples to achieve inclusive development and innovation, improve governance and citizen engagement, and realize equitable outcomes.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"","subject":"Indigenous data","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Indigenous data must facilitate **collective benefit** for Indigenous Peoples to achieve inclusive development and innovation, improve governance and citizen engagement, and realize equitable outcomes.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-30/c76","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/3a336864fea948f8","nativeRecordCid":"81c5e746-67c1-4276-b0d4-ffceef184561","documentId":"open-science-source-30","id":"c76","text":"Benefits accrue when data ecosystems are designed and function to support Indigenous nation and community use and reuse of data.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"conditions for benefits in data ecosystems","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Benefits accrue when data ecosystems are designed and function to support (1) Indigenous nation and community use and reuse of data; (2) use of data for policy decisions and evaluation of services; and (3) creation and use of data that reflect community values.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-30/c77","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/bf5e1125c7c04242","nativeRecordCid":"5031e693-daa2-48fc-8973-421bb17bfe92","documentId":"open-science-source-30","id":"c77","text":"Benefits accrue when data ecosystems are designed and function to support use of data for policy decisions and evaluation of services.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"conditions for benefits in data ecosystems","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Benefits accrue when data ecosystems are designed and function to support (1) Indigenous nation and community use and reuse of data; (2) use of data for policy decisions and evaluation of services; and (3) creation and use of data that reflect community values.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-30/c78","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/e1de5891677a418a","nativeRecordCid":"2a1c17c5-3ee6-440f-8286-8f3ca82ad761","documentId":"open-science-source-30","id":"c78","text":"Benefits accrue when data ecosystems are designed and function to support creation and use of data that reflect community values.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"conditions for benefits in data ecosystems","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Benefits accrue when data ecosystems are designed and function to support (1) Indigenous nation and community use and reuse of data; (2) use of data for policy decisions and evaluation of services; and (3) creation and use of data that reflect community values.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-30/c79","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/5b85898e4ac94b96","nativeRecordCid":"8bd81e1d-fafa-40aa-9b76-91a4d4fbfdd2","documentId":"open-science-source-30","id":"c79","text":"UNDRIP affirms Indigenous Peoples' rights and interests in their data.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"UNDRIP and data rights","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"UNDRIP affirms Indigenous Peoples’ rights and interests in their data.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-30/c80","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/8eb1ccfe382d428e","nativeRecordCid":"0568b180-2789-40ce-bc38-351b1f2a7cbb","documentId":"open-science-source-30","id":"c80","text":"Recognition of Indigenous Peoples' rights and interests in their data bolsters Indigenous Peoples' authority to control and govern such data, further affirming the need for data for governance.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"recognition of rights and authority to control data","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Recognition of these rights bolsters Indigenous Peoples’ **authority to control** and govern such data, further affirming the need for ‘data for governance.’","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-30/c81","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/cea24af830c94c5d","nativeRecordCid":"9445510e-4b7f-4bc0-bcf3-934672da644a","documentId":"open-science-source-30","id":"c81","text":"Indigenous Peoples must have access to data that support Indigenous governance and self-determination.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"","subject":"Indigenous Peoples' access to data","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Indigenous Peoples must have access to data that support Indigenous governance and selfdetermination.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-30/c82","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/7bad50fe37f74013","nativeRecordCid":"b5d42904-346f-4088-afe1-298fc9cf3e05","documentId":"open-science-source-30","id":"c82","text":"Indigenous Peoples must be the ones to determine data governance protocols.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"Indigenous Peoples","subject":"determination of data governance protocols","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Indigenous Peoples must be the ones to determine data governance protocols, while being actively involved in stewardship decisions for Indigenous data that are held by other entities.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-30/c83","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/89e0f0634316431c","nativeRecordCid":"912c8636-9a27-466f-afc8-dde2331e54a4","documentId":"open-science-source-30","id":"c83","text":"Indigenous Peoples must be actively involved in stewardship decisions for Indigenous data that are held by other entities.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"Indigenous Peoples","subject":"involvement in stewardship decisions","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Indigenous Peoples must be the ones to determine data governance protocols, while being actively involved in stewardship decisions for Indigenous data that are held by other entities.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-30/c84","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/50eac221d3444124","nativeRecordCid":"e5072eb0-054f-4e99-8eb8-45a2f682ab8e","documentId":"open-science-source-30","id":"c84","text":"There is a responsibility to nurture respectful relationships with Indigenous Peoples from whom the data originate when working with Indigenous data.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"those working with Indigenous data","subject":"relationships with Indigenous data originators","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"When working with Indigenous data, there is a **responsibility** to nurture respectful relationships with Indigenous Peoples from whom the data originate.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-30/c85","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/ae65a98df67a43e5","nativeRecordCid":"a2fef847-9586-477a-9a76-c7010a18eb4d","documentId":"open-science-source-30","id":"c85","text":"Aspects of the responsibility relationship with Indigenous Peoples include investing in capacity development.","kind":"definitional","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"aspects of the responsibility relationship","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Aspects of the relationship include investing in capacity development, increasing community data capabilities, and embedding data within Indigenous languages and cultures.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-30/c86","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/8576fe42cfc04d11","nativeRecordCid":"140381e2-082e-4a52-a2b1-e1beca8c9858","documentId":"open-science-source-30","id":"c86","text":"Aspects of the responsibility relationship with Indigenous Peoples include increasing community data capabilities.","kind":"definitional","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"aspects of the responsibility relationship","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Aspects of the relationship include investing in capacity development, increasing community data capabilities, and embedding data within Indigenous languages and cultures.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-30/c87","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/24161d89278f4226","nativeRecordCid":"9b71e560-b23e-467a-a6d6-bdd23ef25343","documentId":"open-science-source-30","id":"c87","text":"Aspects of the responsibility relationship with Indigenous Peoples include embedding data within Indigenous languages and cultures.","kind":"definitional","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"aspects of the responsibility relationship","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Aspects of the relationship include investing in capacity development, increasing community data capabilities, and embedding data within Indigenous languages and cultures.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-30/c88","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/09218488fb944692","nativeRecordCid":"4b50b8f0-0b86-434b-8dbd-1fc07a4f4a37","documentId":"open-science-source-30","id":"c88","text":"Pursuing capacity development, community data capabilities, and embedding data within Indigenous languages and cultures fulfills the ultimate responsibility of supporting Indigenous data that advances Indigenous Peoples' self-determination and collective benefit.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"fulfillment of ultimate responsibility","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Pursuing these goals fulfills the ultimate responsibility of supporting Indigenous data that advances Indigenous Peoples’ self-determination and collective benefit.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-30/c89","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/cfe4b38db6c84407","nativeRecordCid":"5d7391b5-3411-4511-b235-29e449fb47f8","documentId":"open-science-source-30","id":"c89","text":"Indigenous Peoples' rights and wellbeing should be the focus across data ecosystems and throughout data lifecycles.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"","subject":"focus of data ecosystems and lifecycles","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Indigenous Peoples’ rights and wellbeing should be the focus across data ecosystems and throughout data lifecycles in order to minimize harm, maximize benefits, promote justice, and allow for future use.","representedInStars":true}
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{"key":"open-science-source-30/c91","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/2fde78260dee4746","nativeRecordCid":"57a1b1ab-32de-4bc5-837b-a262c7ddeb21","documentId":"open-science-source-30","id":"c91","text":"Indigenous Peoples must be the ones to assess benefits, harms, and potential future uses based on community values and ethics.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"Indigenous Peoples","subject":"assessment of benefits, harms, and future uses","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Paramount to **ethics** in data practices is representation and participation of Indigenous Peoples, who must be the ones to assess benefits, harms, and potential future uses based on community values and ethics.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-30/c92","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/05f3973f0da54ff5","nativeRecordCid":"6ce329f9-954d-41b9-9c3a-0ba89c6f188c","documentId":"open-science-source-30","id":"c92","text":"The usefulness of high-level Indigenous data governance principles relies on both Indigenous communities and research/data communities understanding operative concepts and applying them preemptively across data ecosystems and lifecycles.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"usefulness of Indigenous data governance principles","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The usefulness of high-level Indigenous data governance principles relies on both Indigenous communities and research/data communities to understand operative concepts and to apply them preemptively across data ecosystems and lifecycles.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-30/c93","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/fa10e50e5a8f4a9d","nativeRecordCid":"3a941ba2-92a0-494c-a52a-75174b19c3c8","documentId":"open-science-source-30","id":"c93","text":"Creating opportunities for non-Indigenous understanding and for Indigenous leadership in data processes will contribute to the development of data and data systems that can lead to Indigenous innovation and development.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"creating opportunities for understanding and leadership","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Creating opportunities for non-Indigenous understanding and for Indigenous leadership in data processes will contribute to the development of data and data systems that can lead to Indigenous innovation and development.","representedInStars":false}
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{"key":"open-science-source-30/c96","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/462f7ebeb591475a","nativeRecordCid":"45875b5d-0f33-41b8-ab83-bb744369857a","documentId":"open-science-source-30","id":"c96","text":"Some organizations are adopting the CARE Principles through relationships, policies, and mechanisms.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"organizations adopting CARE Principles","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Some organizations are adopting the CARE Principles through relationships, policies, and mechanisms.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-30/c97","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/8c177c980c704512","nativeRecordCid":"54ccdf1a-6e93-49a7-8ddf-9bdeade05b11","documentId":"open-science-source-30","id":"c97","text":"Enhancing Indigenous rights and interests in data is important.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"enhancing Indigenous rights and interests in data","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Recognizing the importance of enhancing Indigenous rights and interests in data and potential implications for mainstream data policy, the RDA supported the creation of the International Indigenous Data Sovereignty Interest Group (IG).","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-30/c98","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/55ea4e017c3947f1","nativeRecordCid":"9ad2641a-1de7-4551-aac6-b77385ba9b79","documentId":"open-science-source-30","id":"c98","text":"Enhancing Indigenous rights and interests in data has potential implications for mainstream data policy.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"enhancing Indigenous rights and interests in data","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Recognizing the importance of enhancing Indigenous rights and interests in data and potential implications for mainstream data policy, the RDA supported the creation of the International Indigenous Data Sovereignty Interest Group (IG).","representedInStars":false}
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{"key":"open-science-source-30/c104","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/84884e169b134d6e","nativeRecordCid":"b61c88ed-182b-4ac9-bff6-2a54ddf22866","documentId":"open-science-source-30","id":"c104","text":"This policy and others like it treat all data in the same way, without attention to the nature, the content, or the conditions under which the data was created in the first place.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"open access policies like this one","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"However, this policy (and others like it) treats all data in the same way: without attention to the nature, the content, or the conditions under which the data was created in the first place (Creative Commons 2019, Wikimedia 2019).","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-30/c105","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/5f96806a240e406e","nativeRecordCid":"5e505744-c750-4bdd-9cfc-842424e0b66c","documentId":"open-science-source-30","id":"c105","text":"Smithsonian Directive 609 sets forth Smithsonian policy for access and use of Smithsonian digital assets.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"Smithsonian Directive 609","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"With specific focus on digital asset access and use, it sets forth Smithsonian policy for access and use of Smithsonian digital assets ahead of the","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-30/c106","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/8d2a038359aa4917","nativeRecordCid":"25ad33da-dad2-4c28-9401-a01a77b35a34","documentId":"open-science-source-30","id":"c106","text":"SD 609 helps identify specific categories of material that might need more attention and care in their management.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"SD 609","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The SD 609 is important, because it helps identify specific categories of material that might need more attention and care in their management.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-30/c107","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/ff9f1bfa91874993","nativeRecordCid":"f5aa5d93-5d5e-4ad0-88bf-738009b458d9","documentId":"open-science-source-30","id":"c107","text":"The CARE Principles would add an important layer of relational and temporal governance for Indigenous collections within an open access logic.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"the CARE Principles in open access logic","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Recognizing complexity within Smithsonian digital assets and accompanying metadata, the CARE Principles would add an important layer of relational and temporal governance for Indigenous collections within an open access logic.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-30/c108","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/5a6c9b995828459e","nativeRecordCid":"01222806-7416-40df-bbe3-4399db8e346b","documentId":"open-science-source-30","id":"c108","text":"There are further opportunities for the CARE Principles to be directly extended into collection management practices.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"the CARE Principles in collection management","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Additionally, there are further opportunities for the CARE Principles to be directly extended into collection management practices.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-30/c109","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/aa2ab91338944999","nativeRecordCid":"0dc1e4c3-b2f6-4d63-80e1-951d104c6820","documentId":"open-science-source-30","id":"c109","text":"While ODC Principles reflect all four FAIR Principles, they directly address only the CARE Principle of 'Collective benefit.'","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"ODC Principles relative to FAIR and CARE","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"While ODC Principles reflect all four FAIR Principles, they directly address only the CARE Principle of ‘Collective benefit.’","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-30/c110","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/b96da7abae364727","nativeRecordCid":"d14c0c30-12db-45b9-962c-be9ec3636ea6","documentId":"open-science-source-30","id":"c110","text":"The ODC Principle of 'Open by default' does not directly map to the FAIR or CARE Principles.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"the ODC Principle of Open by default","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The ODC Principle of ‘Open by default’ does not directly map to the FAIR or CARE Principles.","representedInStars":false}
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{"key":"open-science-source-30/c112","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/0136495c9dcd4027","nativeRecordCid":"8847ca98-2e75-40d5-8226-69e52d040c74","documentId":"open-science-source-30","id":"c112","text":"Implementation of the CARE Principles has commenced in these examples and elsewhere.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"implementation of the CARE Principles","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"While implementation has commenced in these examples and elsewhere, further research is needed (1) to identify mechanisms that support implementation of the CARE Principles; (2) to create tools, policies, and practices that enact the Principles; (3) to explore the application of the Principles in different contexts, such as research repositories, knowledge co-production, institutional policies and practices, and, retrospectively, in already existing databases and systems; and (4) to operationalize the Principles in tandem with the FAIR Principles.","representedInStars":false}
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{"key":"open-science-source-30/c116","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/2173b628fbca47a8","nativeRecordCid":"83e6ee8d-c37d-4b3a-b556-32dab1a5dc5b","documentId":"open-science-source-30","id":"c116","text":"Further research is needed to operationalize the CARE Principles in tandem with the FAIR Principles.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"","subject":"further research on CARE and FAIR Principles","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"While implementation has commenced in these examples and elsewhere, further research is needed (1) to identify mechanisms that support implementation of the CARE Principles; (2) to create tools, policies, and practices that enact the Principles; (3) to explore the application of the Principles in different contexts, such as research repositories, knowledge co-production, institutional policies and practices, and, retrospectively, in already existing databases and systems; and (4) to operationalize the Principles in tandem with the FAIR Principles.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-30/c117","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/aa1834c05a744dd8","nativeRecordCid":"76254d85-cfac-4160-a610-70416cb75694","documentId":"open-science-source-30","id":"c117","text":"Equitable data and data practices require being CARE Full.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"","subject":"being CARE Full","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Being CARE Full is a prerequisite for equitable data and data practices.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-30/c118","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/bf82b3e8495d4a1d","nativeRecordCid":"a65a7620-2e44-4a2d-ac82-6f44f67934e4","documentId":"open-science-source-30","id":"c118","text":"The CARE Principles draw from, integrate, and build on the work of mainstream stakeholders focused on data for reuse.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"the CARE Principles' origins","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The CARE Principles draw from, integrate, and build on the work of mainstream stakeholders focused on data for reuse (e.g., FAIR Principles) and the efforts of Indigenous-led networks and coalitions focused on Indigenous data governance and research control.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-30/c119","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/9c60368226fd4fa7","nativeRecordCid":"eef95395-3ffd-4f47-8a58-1cbc00c23624","documentId":"open-science-source-30","id":"c119","text":"The CARE Principles draw from, integrate, and build on the efforts of Indigenous-led networks and coalitions focused on Indigenous data governance and research control.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"the CARE Principles' origins","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The CARE Principles draw from, integrate, and build on the work of mainstream stakeholders focused on data for reuse (e.g., FAIR Principles) and the efforts of Indigenous-led networks and coalitions focused on Indigenous data governance and research control.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-30/c120","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/520fc9ccfdfe4c65","nativeRecordCid":"0a5601a7-94c6-48dd-80b6-b0d52a801c43","documentId":"open-science-source-30","id":"c120","text":"While centering data in the FAIR Principles complements other efforts to inform responsibilities for data producers and repositories, the CARE Principles extend that work to actions that align with the 'people' and 'purpose' for which data exist and are used.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"the CARE Principles relative to FAIR Principles","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"While centering data in the FAIR Principles complements other efforts to inform responsibilities for data producers and repositories, the CARE Principles extend that work to actions that align with the ‘people’ and ‘purpose’ for which data exist and are used.","representedInStars":true}
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{"key":"open-science-source-30/c158","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/ca5d64a53cfe4a6e","nativeRecordCid":"5c05b535-74f7-427f-ab61-9d74813c30c0","documentId":"open-science-source-30","id":"c158","text":"Whether existing knowledge is digitised or new data are born digital, the impact of that data on allocation of resources is significant.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"impact of data on resource allocation","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Whether existing knowledge is digitised or new data are ‘born digital’, the impact they have on decision-making, allocation of resources, and innovation is significant.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-30/c159","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/7a4cffd8f4434497","nativeRecordCid":"579a73ac-bf06-43e8-836f-618a48a475ce","documentId":"open-science-source-30","id":"c159","text":"Whether existing knowledge is digitised or new data are born digital, the impact of that data on innovation is significant.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"impact of data on innovation","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Whether existing knowledge is digitised or new data are ‘born digital’, the impact they have on decision-making, allocation of resources, and innovation is significant.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-30/c160","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/7c2d2c58005d42f9","nativeRecordCid":"404fb319-716e-466a-bf8c-14dab500f6ca","documentId":"open-science-source-30","id":"c160","text":"Data have important implications for Indigenous Peoples' ability to exercise their individual and collective rights to self-determination.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"data and Indigenous self-determination","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Data have important implications for Indigenous Peoples’ ability to exercise their individual and collective rights to self-determination.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-30/c161","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/43778e8b931a4668","nativeRecordCid":"0c115a12-cc15-4094-8f56-db552953508b","documentId":"open-science-source-30","id":"c161","text":"Indigenous Peoples are often excluded from decision-making fora.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"Indigenous Peoples' exclusion from decision-making","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Indigenous Peoples are often excluded from decision-making fora and their knowledge when such knowledge exists only as part of an oral tradition.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-30/c162","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/43ec5e0c5568487e","nativeRecordCid":"92f58ec5-c04a-434d-8201-13d2ad5d3498","documentId":"open-science-source-30","id":"c162","text":"Indigenous Peoples' knowledge is often excluded from decision-making fora when that knowledge exists only as part of an oral tradition.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"exclusion of oral-tradition Indigenous knowledge","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Indigenous Peoples are often excluded from decision-making fora and their knowledge when such knowledge exists only as part of an oral tradition.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-30/c163","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/c467cbd2e9f849c8","nativeRecordCid":"b0f4ac91-5aa0-4c4f-9b66-c3efd5a846ba","documentId":"open-science-source-30","id":"c163","text":"The UN Declaration on the Rights of Indigenous Peoples (UNDRIP) reaffirms Indigenous rights to self-governance.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"UNDRIP","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The UN Declaration on the Rights of Indigenous Peoples (UNDRIP) reaffirms Indigenous rights to self-governance and authority to control their Indigenous cultural heritage embedded in their languages, knowledge, practices, technologies, natural resources, and territories (i.e., Indigenous data).","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-30/c164","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/33b060acca32444b","nativeRecordCid":"5fa9340e-ec0f-4aba-9f75-65289d91ec2f","documentId":"open-science-source-30","id":"c164","text":"UNDRIP reaffirms Indigenous Peoples' authority to control their Indigenous cultural heritage embedded in their languages, knowledge, practices, technologies, natural resources, and territories.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"UNDRIP","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The UN Declaration on the Rights of Indigenous Peoples (UNDRIP) reaffirms Indigenous rights to self-governance and authority to control their Indigenous cultural heritage embedded in their languages, knowledge, practices, technologies, natural resources, and territories (i.e., Indigenous data).","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-30/c165","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/e44475ad87bd4fab","nativeRecordCid":"be43e9ce-4745-4f98-8710-0634b14b1cdf","documentId":"open-science-source-30","id":"c165","text":"Indigenous data include data collected by governments and institutions about Indigenous Peoples and their territories.","kind":"definitional","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"Indigenous data","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Indigenous data, which include data collected by governments and institutions about Indigenous Peoples and their territories, are intrinsic to Indigenous Peoples’ capacity and capability to realise their human rights and responsibilities to all of creation.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-30/c166","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/0be63f655d5346f3","nativeRecordCid":"7cc6cf02-0e14-470e-ad5c-38351a2e589a","documentId":"open-science-source-30","id":"c166","text":"Indigenous data are intrinsic to Indigenous Peoples' capacity and capability to realise their human rights.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"Indigenous data and human rights","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Indigenous data, which include data collected by governments and institutions about Indigenous Peoples and their territories, are intrinsic to Indigenous Peoples’ capacity and capability to realise their human rights and responsibilities to all of creation.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-30/c167","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/b39c6f3b2f2b4b27","nativeRecordCid":"07fdb77b-cca8-49f3-a663-a24799d8ad9a","documentId":"open-science-source-30","id":"c167","text":"Indigenous data are intrinsic to Indigenous Peoples' capacity and capability to realise their responsibilities to all of creation.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"Indigenous data and responsibilities to creation","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Indigenous data, which include data collected by governments and institutions about Indigenous Peoples and their territories, are intrinsic to Indigenous Peoples’ capacity and capability to realise their human rights and responsibilities to all of creation.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-30/c168","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/85c5b2f3c7dc4f14","nativeRecordCid":"998829ce-daee-4ac8-bcb1-fc91a3f7323d","documentId":"open-science-source-30","id":"c168","text":"Indigenous data sovereignty reinforces the rights to engage in decision-making in accordance with Indigenous values and collective interests.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"Indigenous data sovereignty","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Indigenous data sovereignty reinforces the rights to engage in decision-making in accordance with Indigenous values and collective interests.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-30/c169","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/15eca2ffc099464c","nativeRecordCid":"97e33b9b-61ae-4e33-96d8-250fd95fb3f6","documentId":"open-science-source-30","id":"c169","text":"Data ecosystems must be designed and function in ways that enable Indigenous Peoples to derive benefit from the data.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"","subject":"data ecosystems","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Data ecosystems shall be designed and function in ways that enable Indigenous Peoples to derive benefit from the data.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-30/c170","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/c7a7d68a79394619","nativeRecordCid":"83026a23-c7b8-441b-b806-a4095095e870","documentId":"open-science-source-30","id":"c170","text":"Governments and institutions must actively support the use and reuse of data by Indigenous nations and communities by facilitating the establishment of the foundations for Indigenous innovation, value generation, and the promotion of local self-determined development processes.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"governments and institutions","subject":"use and reuse of data by Indigenous nations","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Governments and institutions must actively support the use and reuse of data by Indigenous nations and communities by facilitating the establishment of the foundations for Indigenous innovation, value generation, and the promotion of local self-determined development processes.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-30/c171","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/6a1ab621438c4bea","nativeRecordCid":"506d5586-4a0a-44ee-84a9-98eabcfc34cf","documentId":"open-science-source-30","id":"c171","text":"Data enrich the planning, implementation, and evaluation processes that support the service and policy needs of Indigenous communities.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"data and Indigenous community governance processes","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Data enrich the planning, implementation, and evaluation processes that support the service and policy needs of Indigenous communities.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-30/c172","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/a9c3d6d53e2d48f9","nativeRecordCid":"9ac51850-a3fb-4887-955f-18dbb5ee02ea","documentId":"open-science-source-30","id":"c172","text":"Data enable better engagement between citizens, institutions, and governments to improve decision-making.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"data and citizen-government engagement","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Data also enable better engagement between citizens, institutions, and governments to improve decision-making.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-30/c173","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/638e45dd99d544dd","nativeRecordCid":"59bde065-f66a-4a3c-9582-62bf99dda4df","documentId":"open-science-source-30","id":"c173","text":"Ethical use of open data has the capacity to improve transparency for Indigenous nations and communities by providing them with a better understanding of their peoples, territories, and resources.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"ethical use of open data","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Ethical use of open data has the capacity to improve transparency and decision-making by providing Indigenous nations and communities with a better understanding of their peoples, territories, and resources.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-30/c174","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/d83445322246456d","nativeRecordCid":"f40e3d86-014d-43a6-822f-bd6c0af8c5b9","documentId":"open-science-source-30","id":"c174","text":"Ethical use of open data has the capacity to improve decision-making for Indigenous nations and communities by providing them with a better understanding of their peoples, territories, and resources.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"ethical use of open data","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Ethical use of open data has the capacity to improve transparency and decision-making by providing Indigenous nations and communities with a better understanding of their peoples, territories, and resources.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-30/c175","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/3504f6a902e241a4","nativeRecordCid":"aef68728-bc1e-42d0-ad95-aa1578794f24","documentId":"open-science-source-30","id":"c175","text":"Ethical use of open data can provide greater insight into third-party policies and programs affecting Indigenous Peoples.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"ethical use of open data","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"It similarly can provide greater insight into third-party policies and programs affecting Indigenous Peoples.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-30/c176","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/03396726bb7647cb","nativeRecordCid":"0c64136c-f953-4ec5-9cf2-b22f87f36b08","documentId":"open-science-source-30","id":"c176","text":"Indigenous data are grounded in community values.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"Indigenous data","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Indigenous data are grounded in community values, which extend to society at large.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-30/c177","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/219ace1ca70f4044","nativeRecordCid":"a73467d6-439e-4c46-8a85-2f3be5123d82","documentId":"open-science-source-30","id":"c177","text":"Community values extend to society at large.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"community values","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Indigenous data are grounded in community values, which extend to society at large.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-30/c178","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/2f689e7747b34faa","nativeRecordCid":"6865ec72-5b92-4097-8eb3-245e72dd320a","documentId":"open-science-source-30","id":"c178","text":"Any value created from Indigenous data should benefit Indigenous communities in an equitable manner.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"","subject":"value created from Indigenous data","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Any value created from Indigenous data should benefit Indigenous communities in an equitable manner and contribute to Indigenous aspirations for wellbeing.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-30/c179","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/eb79abf0b91d4ef3","nativeRecordCid":"55636f4b-7b68-4ebb-80e4-a74e75c08517","documentId":"open-science-source-30","id":"c179","text":"Any value created from Indigenous data should contribute to Indigenous aspirations for wellbeing.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"","subject":"value created from Indigenous data","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Any value created from Indigenous data should benefit Indigenous communities in an equitable manner and contribute to Indigenous aspirations for wellbeing.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-30/c180","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/c54d419a29ab405f","nativeRecordCid":"e8466535-0efb-4a83-8927-6d4f5f78ba80","documentId":"open-science-source-30","id":"c180","text":"Indigenous Peoples' rights and interests in Indigenous data must be recognised.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"","subject":"Indigenous Peoples' rights and interests in data","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Indigenous Peoples’ rights and interests in Indigenous data must be recognised and their authority to control such data be empowered.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-30/c181","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/ddc13722d8d64246","nativeRecordCid":"4828e5bf-ec35-4c0d-a557-2cb99583f10e","documentId":"open-science-source-30","id":"c181","text":"Indigenous Peoples' authority to control Indigenous data must be empowered.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"","subject":"Indigenous Peoples' authority to control data","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Indigenous Peoples’ rights and interests in Indigenous data must be recognised and their authority to control such data be empowered.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-30/c182","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/4d928763d8ed4371","nativeRecordCid":"5c84e326-3d1e-427a-b59e-0b4349b6543e","documentId":"open-science-source-30","id":"c182","text":"Indigenous data governance enables Indigenous Peoples and governing bodies to determine how Indigenous Peoples, as well as Indigenous lands, territories, resources, knowledges and geographical indicators, are represented and identified within data.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"Indigenous data governance","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Indigenous data governance enables Indigenous Peoples and governing bodies to determine how Indigenous Peoples, as well as Indigenous lands, territories, resources, knowledges and geographical indicators, are represented and identified within data.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-30/c183","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/6ad65be533ac4ace","nativeRecordCid":"533edaf8-3049-45e5-942f-858f7a326505","documentId":"open-science-source-30","id":"c183","text":"Indigenous Peoples have rights and interests in both Indigenous Knowledge and Indigenous data.","kind":"normative","modality":"may","actor":"Indigenous Peoples","subject":"rights and interests in Indigenous Knowledge and data","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Indigenous Peoples have rights and interests in both Indigenous Knowledge and Indigenous data.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-30/c184","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/775317640a384466","nativeRecordCid":"d51ba063-29af-441c-a8b6-9ea2299d75d0","documentId":"open-science-source-30","id":"c184","text":"Indigenous Peoples have collective and individual rights to free, prior, and informed consent in the collection and use of Indigenous data, including the development of data policies and protocols for collection.","kind":"normative","modality":"may","actor":"Indigenous Peoples","subject":"rights to free, prior, and informed consent","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Indigenous Peoples have collective and individual rights to free, prior, and informed consent in the collection and use of such data, including the development of data policies and protocols for collection.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-30/c185","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/4e17a243f5404610","nativeRecordCid":"032f2467-a1fa-4f35-963c-b2dceeebf5cb","documentId":"open-science-source-30","id":"c185","text":"Indigenous Peoples have the right to data that are relevant to their world views.","kind":"normative","modality":"may","actor":"Indigenous Peoples","subject":"right to data relevant to worldviews","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Indigenous Peoples have the right to data that are relevant to their world views and empower self-determination and effective self-governance.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-30/c186","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/1b54126f6cb04a09","nativeRecordCid":"644f92b6-8c59-4def-8622-7ceb6b288ee2","documentId":"open-science-source-30","id":"c186","text":"Indigenous Peoples have the right to data that empower self-determination and effective self-governance.","kind":"normative","modality":"may","actor":"Indigenous Peoples","subject":"right to data empowering self-governance","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Indigenous Peoples have the right to data that are relevant to their world views and empower self-determination and effective self-governance.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-30/c187","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/a5a080aaf27b4a08","nativeRecordCid":"76a93a0d-9334-4340-8c24-6d61b2e334d5","documentId":"open-science-source-30","id":"c187","text":"Indigenous data must be made available and accessible to Indigenous nations and communities in order to support Indigenous governance.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"","subject":"availability of Indigenous data","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Indigenous data must be made available and accessible to Indigenous nations and communities in order to support Indigenous governance.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-30/c188","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/ed18e59ac24a4549","nativeRecordCid":"df2be204-7b4f-4a40-93f2-a88088816068","documentId":"open-science-source-30","id":"c188","text":"Indigenous Peoples have the right to develop cultural governance protocols for Indigenous data.","kind":"normative","modality":"may","actor":"Indigenous Peoples","subject":"right to develop cultural governance protocols","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Indigenous Peoples have the right to develop cultural governance protocols for Indigenous data and be active leaders in the stewardship of, and access to, Indigenous data especially in the context of Indigenous Knowledge.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-30/c189","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/31e53497193c49a8","nativeRecordCid":"aa01a5c7-df7d-4246-ae14-73dff68427cd","documentId":"open-science-source-30","id":"c189","text":"Indigenous Peoples have the right to be active leaders in the stewardship of, and access to, Indigenous data, especially in the context of Indigenous Knowledge.","kind":"normative","modality":"may","actor":"Indigenous Peoples","subject":"right to lead stewardship of data","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Indigenous Peoples have the right to develop cultural governance protocols for Indigenous data and be active leaders in the stewardship of, and access to, Indigenous data especially in the context of Indigenous Knowledge.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-30/c190","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/967701a5a6f34505","nativeRecordCid":"099cdd89-3390-4a40-95e3-5d5083596727","documentId":"open-science-source-30","id":"c190","text":"Those working with Indigenous data have a responsibility to share how those data are used to support Indigenous Peoples' self-determination and collective benefit.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"those working with Indigenous data","subject":"responsibility to share data use","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Those working with Indigenous data have a responsibility to share how those data are used to support Indigenous Peoples’ selfdetermination and collective benefit.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-30/c191","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/76a7ea032cbf46ea","nativeRecordCid":"788bd7ba-23de-4426-90c7-95632e8a508b","documentId":"open-science-source-30","id":"c191","text":"Accountability requires meaningful and openly available evidence of the efforts to support Indigenous Peoples' self-determination and collective benefit.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"","subject":"accountability evidence of efforts","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Accountability requires meaningful and openly available evidence of these efforts and the benefits accruing to Indigenous Peoples.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-30/c192","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/9eb0676c150f414f","nativeRecordCid":"584020b9-5f7a-4e99-abba-3695b5e0ec69","documentId":"open-science-source-30","id":"c192","text":"Accountability requires meaningful and openly available evidence of the benefits accruing to Indigenous Peoples.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"","subject":"accountability evidence of benefits","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Accountability requires meaningful and openly available evidence of these efforts and the benefits accruing to Indigenous Peoples.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-30/c193","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/bafbec46bddc42e1","nativeRecordCid":"946297a5-bf46-420a-873e-5406cec8fe64","documentId":"open-science-source-30","id":"c193","text":"Indigenous data use is unviable unless linked to relationships built on respect, reciprocity, trust, and mutual understanding, as defined by the Indigenous Peoples to whom those data relate.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"Indigenous data use","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Indigenous data use is unviable unless linked to relationships built on respect, reciprocity, trust, and mutual understanding, as defined by the Indigenous Peoples to whom those data relate.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-30/c194","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/4e593850e9ba43e9","nativeRecordCid":"cd54fb52-07b9-4876-9e01-5e02168aa6d7","documentId":"open-science-source-30","id":"c194","text":"Those working with Indigenous data are responsible for ensuring that the creation, interpretation, and use of those data uphold, or are respectful of, the dignity of Indigenous nations and communities.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"those working with Indigenous data","subject":"responsibility for dignity of Indigenous nations","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Those working with Indigenous data are responsible for ensuring that the creation, interpretation, and use of those data uphold, or are respectful of, the dignity of Indigenous nations and communities.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-30/c195","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/2bf65507a2ef4560","nativeRecordCid":"ee377edf-4a34-4a17-ab79-516ec465ee8d","documentId":"open-science-source-30","id":"c195","text":"Those who use Indigenous data have a reciprocal responsibility to enhance data literacy within Indigenous communities.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"those who use Indigenous data","subject":"responsibility to enhance data literacy","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Use of Indigenous data invokes a reciprocal responsibility to enhance data literacy within Indigenous communities and to support the development of an Indigenous data workforce and digital infrastructure to enable the creation, collection, management, security, governance, and application of data.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-30/c196","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/4f87af019c61460c","nativeRecordCid":"1dd2a506-3701-4f17-b954-f5bde59a5ada","documentId":"open-science-source-30","id":"c196","text":"Those who use Indigenous data have a reciprocal responsibility to support the development of an Indigenous data workforce and digital infrastructure to enable the creation, collection, management, security, governance, and application of data.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"those who use Indigenous data","subject":"responsibility to support Indigenous data workforce","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Use of Indigenous data invokes a reciprocal responsibility to enhance data literacy within Indigenous communities and to support the development of an Indigenous data workforce and digital infrastructure to enable the creation, collection, management, security, governance, and application of data.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-30/c197","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/bd2b50ce7cc54a5a","nativeRecordCid":"8bf587f6-c75f-42e1-8379-35f287bbfb1f","documentId":"open-science-source-30","id":"c197","text":"Resources must be provided to generate data grounded in the languages, worldviews, and lived experiences, including values and principles, of Indigenous Peoples.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"","subject":"resources for Indigenous-grounded data","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Resources must be provided to generate data grounded in the languages, worldviews, and lived experiences (including values and principles) of Indigenous Peoples.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-30/c198","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/1d86d8c0807342e5","nativeRecordCid":"b4535e36-628f-45d5-a15f-f25ffa9494ab","documentId":"open-science-source-30","id":"c198","text":"Indigenous Peoples' rights and wellbeing should be the primary concern at all stages of the data life cycle and across the data ecosystem.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"","subject":"Indigenous Peoples' rights and wellbeing","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Indigenous Peoples’ rights and wellbeing should be the primary concern at all stages of the data life cycle and across the data ecosystem.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-30/c199","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/ce9721d79b734792","nativeRecordCid":"00896e3c-7c4e-4dba-9be2-7d651f9ae990","documentId":"open-science-source-30","id":"c199","text":"Ethical data are data that do not stigmatize or portray Indigenous Peoples, cultures, or knowledges in terms of deficit.","kind":"definitional","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"ethical data","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Ethical data are data that do not stigmatize or portray Indigenous Peoples, cultures, or knowledges in terms of deficit.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-30/c200","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/39130b344c364764","nativeRecordCid":"8adac545-1165-426e-a30f-fa5ee0428a7e","documentId":"open-science-source-30","id":"c200","text":"Ethical data are collected and used in ways that align with Indigenous ethical frameworks.","kind":"definitional","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"ethical data","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Ethical data are collected and used in ways that align with Indigenous ethical frameworks and with rights affirmed in UNDRIP.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-30/c201","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/3b35e05c0cab40b8","nativeRecordCid":"2df05c7a-e180-46d7-b86f-b0f0661e66e3","documentId":"open-science-source-30","id":"c201","text":"Ethical data are collected and used in ways that align with rights affirmed in UNDRIP.","kind":"definitional","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"ethical data","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Ethical data are collected and used in ways that align with Indigenous ethical frameworks and with rights affirmed in UNDRIP.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-30/c202","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/879070cb66524af5","nativeRecordCid":"1a5959d2-70db-40b7-a4ae-2ccf11571166","documentId":"open-science-source-30","id":"c202","text":"Assessing ethical benefits and harms should be done from the perspective of the Indigenous Peoples, nations, or communities to whom the data relate.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"","subject":"assessment of ethical benefits and harms","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Assessing ethical benefits and harms should be done from the perspective of the Indigenous Peoples, nations, or communities to whom the data relate.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-30/c203","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/3219daef40704297","nativeRecordCid":"012abf23-c2ae-4313-b73e-c0d4c05bdfca","documentId":"open-science-source-30","id":"c203","text":"Ethical processes address imbalances in power, resources, and how these affect the expression of Indigenous rights and human rights.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"ethical processes","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Ethical processes address imbalances in power, resources, and how these affect the expression of Indigenous rights and human rights.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-30/c204","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/230a45aeabc742cf","nativeRecordCid":"7d8a2795-f1b5-4f5c-bad5-b561453cab56","documentId":"open-science-source-30","id":"c204","text":"Ethical processes must include representation from relevant Indigenous communities.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"","subject":"ethical processes","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Ethical processes must include representation from relevant Indigenous communities.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-30/c205","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/d5762ac8dd6e47ce","nativeRecordCid":"e5d1a29d-5aca-4e8e-9b76-44fac60a929a","documentId":"open-science-source-30","id":"c205","text":"Data governance should take into account the potential future use and future harm based on ethical frameworks grounded in the values and principles of the relevant Indigenous community.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"","subject":"data governance","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Data governance should take into account the potential future use and future harm based on ethical frameworks grounded in the values and principles of the relevant Indigenous community.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-30/c206","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/1c61453e04e04e72","nativeRecordCid":"8a21e98b-5a7f-4fc4-8c95-77c4090c6cc0","documentId":"open-science-source-30","id":"c206","text":"Metadata should acknowledge the provenance and purpose of data.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"","subject":"metadata","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Metadata should acknowledge the provenance and purpose and any limitations or obligations in secondary use inclusive of issues of consent.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-30/c207","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/1a8b145b70e94175","nativeRecordCid":"0ea87793-69a1-42b8-bcd0-a4e2da43decf","documentId":"open-science-source-30","id":"c207","text":"Metadata should acknowledge any limitations or obligations in secondary use of data, inclusive of issues of consent.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"","subject":"metadata","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Metadata should acknowledge the provenance and purpose and any limitations or obligations in secondary use inclusive of issues of consent.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-31/c1","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/efecc6defeed4dff","nativeRecordCid":"97b503f0-b3d3-4a5d-9e10-0eb5b0787d6d","documentId":"open-science-source-31","id":"c1","text":"The early optimism that the Internet would transform the structural inequities in scholarly communications may need to be tempered.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"early optimism about Internet transforming inequities","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Nearly two decades after the Budapest Open Access Initiative (2002) was drafted, the early optimism that the Internet would transform the structural inequities in scholarly communications may need to be tempered, as Thomas Mboa Nkoudou has also hinted at in this book.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-31/c2","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/be11a70df80f4409","nativeRecordCid":"ac2810ad-e334-45cf-a361-15c9857fe97d","documentId":"open-science-source-31","id":"c2","text":"One aspiration of the Open Access Movement was to make visible the knowledge produced in the Global South.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"Open Access Movement's aspiration","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"One of the aspirations of the Open Access Movement was to make visible the knowledge produced in the Global South,[1] which was perceived to have been rendered invisible by the Global North’s publishing and academic system.[2]","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-31/c3","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/7026108bebae4bd5","nativeRecordCid":"bbe97aa2-ae4b-4151-a891-a27e008c2b74","documentId":"open-science-source-31","id":"c3","text":"Knowledge produced in the Global South was perceived to have been rendered invisible by the Global North's publishing and academic system.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"knowledge produced in the Global South","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"One of the aspirations of the Open Access Movement was to make visible the knowledge produced in the Global South,[1] which was perceived to have been rendered invisible by the Global North’s publishing and academic system.[2]","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-31/c4","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/3b74045c3a7142aa","nativeRecordCid":"deeca7ca-5592-447c-bbba-4b32ba342854","documentId":"open-science-source-31","id":"c4","text":"OCSDNet is a research network composed of scientists, development practitioners, and community activists from Latin America, Africa, the Middle East, and Asia.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"OCSDNet","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"We ground our argument in the experiences of the Open and Collaborative Science in Development Network (OCSDNet), a research network composed of scientists, development practitioners and community activists from Latin America, Africa, the Middle East, and Asia, with the goal of investigating how and whether an open approach to science and knowledge making could contribute to sustainable development.[6]","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-31/c5","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/ee4d2be29a4d4948","nativeRecordCid":"ffc161f8-77cc-4684-9bf6-3b2a07cfae38","documentId":"open-science-source-31","id":"c5","text":"OCSDNet's goal was to investigate how and whether an open approach to science and knowledge making could contribute to sustainable development.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"OCSDNet's goal","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"We ground our argument in the experiences of the Open and Collaborative Science in Development Network (OCSDNet), a research network composed of scientists, development practitioners and community activists from Latin America, Africa, the Middle East, and Asia, with the goal of investigating how and whether an open approach to science and knowledge making could contribute to sustainable development.[6]","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-31/c6","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/dd0b6b5ddaca4ee7","nativeRecordCid":"929b50e7-8d4a-4cf2-a06f-210eafd5cae5","documentId":"open-science-source-31","id":"c6","text":"Situated openness posits that \"openness\" needs to be contextualized in its particular history and environment to determine who benefits or who is at risk in an \"open\" system.","kind":"definitional","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"situated openness","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Central to the network’s project was the concept of situated openness,[7] which posits that “openness” needs to be contextualized in its particular history and environment to determine who benefits or who is at risk in an “open” system.[8]","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-31/c7","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/bbf8662bb0ba45cb","nativeRecordCid":"342a00ae-2e56-4de5-acc1-6d9a90349da9","documentId":"open-science-source-31","id":"c7","text":"Situated openness is a critical reflective process for identifying and assessing how different forms of epistemic injustice are embedded in the current global knowledge production system.","kind":"definitional","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"situated openness","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"we elaborate on how “situated openness” is a critical reflective process for identifying and assessing how different forms of epistemic injustice are deeply embedded in the current global knowledge production system.[10]","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-31/c8","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/1cbb2c37ecf241c9","nativeRecordCid":"0477a7f4-c30b-4cbe-889a-6dc0e7f02b2c","documentId":"open-science-source-31","id":"c8","text":"Different forms of epistemic injustice are deeply embedded in the current global knowledge production system.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"epistemic injustice in knowledge production system","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"we elaborate on how “situated openness” is a critical reflective process for identifying and assessing how different forms of epistemic injustice are deeply embedded in the current global knowledge production system.[10]","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-31/c9","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/7a184d1acdc14105","nativeRecordCid":"9d7253e6-68dc-4934-ac77-9d114b090fcc","documentId":"open-science-source-31","id":"c9","text":"The current scholarly communication system builds and sustains notions of \"expertise\" and \"ignorance\" that amplify preexisting power asymmetries between social actors.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"scholarly communication system","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"In the first section of the chapter, we describe how the current scholarly communication system builds and sustains notions of “expertise” and “ignorance” that amplify preexisting power asymmetries between social actors.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-31/c10","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/b36c97be6da44423","nativeRecordCid":"73659498-4583-4f15-8726-916ad75fcbea","documentId":"open-science-source-31","id":"c10","text":"Identifying strategies to reduce epistemic harms is the first step toward building an open system that promotes epistemic justice.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"building an open system that promotes epistemic justice","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"We conclude that the first step toward building an open system that promotes epistemic justice is to identify strategies to reduce epistemic harms that result from uncritical open practices.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-31/c11","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/abae539d87b5445c","nativeRecordCid":"6d919b06-cc4f-4fbc-b0e0-c8f54d775d97","documentId":"open-science-source-31","id":"c11","text":"Uncritical open practices result in epistemic harms.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"uncritical open practices","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"We conclude that the first step toward building an open system that promotes epistemic justice is to identify strategies to reduce epistemic harms that result from uncritical open practices.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-31/c12","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/ed0424d79faf4ca0","nativeRecordCid":"cb8b7c18-cba8-4d95-8a1a-bedeb7b493aa","documentId":"open-science-source-31","id":"c12","text":"Strategies to reduce epistemic harms may include assessing who is absent in the design of open scholarly systems.","kind":"normative","modality":"may","actor":"","subject":"strategies to reduce epistemic harms","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"This would include assessing who is absent in the design of open scholarly systems, exercising “responsible agency” by being cognizant of the histories from which diverse voices emerge, and attempting to build infrastructures differently: nurturing relationships of mutual negotiation, and imagining openness as a more radical practice.[11]","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-31/c13","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/ba2a868ebae04b4c","nativeRecordCid":"bc5a8fde-6cd1-4c4d-8f46-f7aee2cb4dbd","documentId":"open-science-source-31","id":"c13","text":"Strategies to reduce epistemic harms may include exercising \"responsible agency\" by being cognizant of the histories from which diverse voices emerge.","kind":"normative","modality":"may","actor":"","subject":"strategies to reduce epistemic harms","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"This would include assessing who is absent in the design of open scholarly systems, exercising “responsible agency” by being cognizant of the histories from which diverse voices emerge, and attempting to build infrastructures differently: nurturing relationships of mutual negotiation, and imagining openness as a more radical practice.[11]","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-31/c14","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/fa2de5d4c7984494","nativeRecordCid":"c207d949-e8f6-4c76-ad51-c6380d889027","documentId":"open-science-source-31","id":"c14","text":"Strategies to reduce epistemic harms may include attempting to build infrastructures differently by nurturing relationships of mutual negotiation.","kind":"normative","modality":"may","actor":"","subject":"strategies to reduce epistemic harms","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"This would include assessing who is absent in the design of open scholarly systems, exercising “responsible agency” by being cognizant of the histories from which diverse voices emerge, and attempting to build infrastructures differently: nurturing relationships of mutual negotiation, and imagining openness as a more radical practice.[11]","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-31/c15","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/dcaca4bd871448e6","nativeRecordCid":"046a76ce-fb80-4906-95d5-3b867ceca1ad","documentId":"open-science-source-31","id":"c15","text":"Strategies to reduce epistemic harms may include imagining openness as a more radical practice.","kind":"normative","modality":"may","actor":"","subject":"strategies to reduce epistemic harms","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"This would include assessing who is absent in the design of open scholarly systems, exercising “responsible agency” by being cognizant of the histories from which diverse voices emerge, and attempting to build infrastructures differently: nurturing relationships of mutual negotiation, and imagining openness as a more radical practice.[11]","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-31/c16","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/0ea59f98806c4667","nativeRecordCid":"dc972556-ec47-42fc-85f9-0ab659add9d9","documentId":"open-science-source-31","id":"c16","text":"Knowledge is an important building block of power relations.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"knowledge and power relations","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"They have argued that knowledge is an important building block of power relations, or in the words of Patricia Hill Collins, “a vitally important","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-31/c17","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/fbf56acc71b747b8","nativeRecordCid":"7d62318a-a960-4127-93f0-9bd310320a07","documentId":"open-science-source-31","id":"c17","text":"Knowledge making is always shaped by the identities, social practices, social locations, and sociopolitical experiences of those who produce it and share it.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"knowledge making","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"In this view, knowledge making is always shaped by the identities, social practices, social locations, and sociopolitical experiences of those who produce it and share it.[13]","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-31/c18","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/2264a3096ef94aaa","nativeRecordCid":"0fe5281d-2a70-4a97-aaea-0d40298857fa","documentId":"open-science-source-31","id":"c18","text":"There are several risks and constraints in how groups interpret each other's knowledge when they hold differentiated power due to their social locations, values, and beliefs.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"interpretation of knowledge across groups","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"As a result, there are several risks and constraints in how groups interpret each other’s knowledge when they hold differentiated power due to their social locations, values, and beliefs.[14]","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-31/c19","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/be9d35b16fbd4c97","nativeRecordCid":"27f09c9b-5100-4d04-8dff-4b36afb802d0","documentId":"open-science-source-31","id":"c19","text":"The knowledge of those who exist at the intersections of multiple layers of privilege is often afforded higher epistemic value and considered more legitimate, valid, truthful, and universal.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"knowledge of privileged individuals","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"In this system, the knowledge of those who exist at the intersections of multiple layers of privilege— for example, an Anglo- American man from a prestigious American university— is often afforded higher epistemic value and thus considered to be more legitimate, valid, truthful, and universal.[15]","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-31/c20","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/c929fbda3712444a","nativeRecordCid":"b2b2d7f1-d0d5-4809-9b78-3e1ebfbcc72a","documentId":"open-science-source-31","id":"c20","text":"The knowledge of those who sit at multiple layers of oppression is often considered to be false, less credible, folk knowledge, opinionated, or unworthy of consideration, creating strong divides between those considered \"experts\" and those considered \"ignorant.\"","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"knowledge of oppressed groups","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Meanwhile, the knowledge of those who sit at multiple layers of oppression— for example, women of color, indigenous people, rural, and blue- collar workers with no access to formal education— is often considered to be false, less credible, folk knowledge, opinionated, or unworthy of consideration,[16] creating strong divides between those who are considered “experts” and those who are considered “ignorant.”[17]","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-31/c21","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/a1a2c262c2904327","nativeRecordCid":"3a36aa59-9ee3-4983-8f2b-456aa14a7c76","documentId":"open-science-source-31","id":"c21","text":"The scholarly communication system plays a fundamental role in constructing notions of expertise and ignorance through several technical, social, and financial mechanisms.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"scholarly communication system","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The scholarly communication system plays a fundamental role in constructing these notions of expertise and ignorance through several technical, social, and financial mechanisms.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-31/c22","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/116042a20f834c41","nativeRecordCid":"027a3f4b-cc77-4165-a2b0-07808f503091","documentId":"open-science-source-31","id":"c22","text":"Commercial publishers play a growing role in building infrastructures and technical standards on which scholarship depends.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"commercial publishers","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Some of the elements that foreground the institutional nature of what is rendered valid knowledge in a particular academic context include: the growing role of commercial publishers in building infrastructures and technical standards on which scholarship depends,[18] the promotion of criteria and “academic literacies” to determine quality and intellectual authority[19] and the ongoing dominance of the English language as part of a “rhetoric of excellence” in academia, among others.[20]","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-31/c23","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/5197bf21e6a94fe1","nativeRecordCid":"af3bb5d1-e123-45b6-b9b0-0a2efb6a3069","documentId":"open-science-source-31","id":"c23","text":"Criteria and \"academic literacies\" are promoted to determine quality and intellectual authority in academia.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"academic criteria and literacies","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Some of the elements that foreground the institutional nature of what is rendered valid knowledge in a particular academic context include: the growing role of commercial publishers in building infrastructures and technical standards on which scholarship depends,[18] the promotion of criteria and “academic literacies” to determine quality and intellectual authority[19] and the ongoing dominance of the English language as part of a “rhetoric of excellence” in academia, among others.[20]","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-31/c24","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/fad10514251f49ef","nativeRecordCid":"796a067b-7c29-464d-a6ef-e6217a99df37","documentId":"open-science-source-31","id":"c24","text":"The English language maintains ongoing dominance as part of a \"rhetoric of excellence\" in academia.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"English language dominance in academia","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Some of the elements that foreground the institutional nature of what is rendered valid knowledge in a particular academic context include: the growing role of commercial publishers in building infrastructures and technical standards on which scholarship depends,[18] the promotion of criteria and “academic literacies” to determine quality and intellectual authority[19] and the ongoing dominance of the English language as part of a “rhetoric of excellence” in academia, among others.[20]","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-31/c25","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/85d63e908410423d","nativeRecordCid":"d4c93dc1-0a97-4b0a-b8ca-8e57526c7a55","documentId":"open-science-source-31","id":"c25","text":"The diversity of the world is comprised of distinct modes of being, thinking, and feeling.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"diversity of the world","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Even though the diversity of the world is comprised of, echoing Boaventura de Sousa Santos, “distinct modes of being, thinking and feeling,” this diversity remains largely absent from the theories, concepts, and infrastructures developed and employed in the academic world.[21]","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-31/c26","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/68f7dc0815c94aeb","nativeRecordCid":"9ede2f4f-b280-485e-b3e5-d0d29ef5b44a","documentId":"open-science-source-31","id":"c26","text":"The diversity of the world remains largely absent from the theories, concepts, and infrastructures developed and employed in the academic world.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"diversity of the world in academia","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Even though the diversity of the world is comprised of, echoing Boaventura de Sousa Santos, “distinct modes of being, thinking and feeling,” this diversity remains largely absent from the theories, concepts, and infrastructures developed and employed in the academic world.[21]","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-31/c27","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/74852da079ca49bf","nativeRecordCid":"728baa86-e993-4406-ab4e-af997f0c9a34","documentId":"open-science-source-31","id":"c27","text":"Conditions of structural injustice, when aligned in a particular way, put large groups of people under a systematic threat of domination or deprivation.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"conditions of structural injustice","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Feminist scholar Iris Marion Young referred to these mechanisms of exclusion as “conditions of structural injustice” that, when aligned in a particular way, put large groups of people under a systematic threat of domination or deprivation.[22]","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-31/c28","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/4a5ee87ccc15409b","nativeRecordCid":"116d6f31-2ec3-437d-8271-b26d82dd13dd","documentId":"open-science-source-31","id":"c28","text":"In scholarly communications, the combination of hidden practices builds an epistemological hierarchy that puts knowledge conforming to the norms and standards at the top, while deeming irrelevant or erasing the knowledge that does not conform.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"epistemological hierarchy in scholarly communications","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"In the particular case of scholarly communications, the combination of these hidden practices builds an epistemological hierarchy that puts knowledge conforming to the norms and standards at the top, while deeming irrelevant or erasing the knowledges that do not.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-31/c29","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/10312f03a6624bdc","nativeRecordCid":"5059d1ae-9263-4b6c-966b-6552bf2c6102","documentId":"open-science-source-31","id":"c29","text":"Epistemic injustice refers to the devaluing of someone's knowledge or capacity as a knower by eroding their credibility, legitimacy, and access to social resources to share new concepts through institutionalized means.","kind":"definitional","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"epistemic injustice","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Epistemic injustice also refers to the devaluing of someone’s knowledge or capacity as a knower by eroding their credibility, legitimacy, and access","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-31/c30","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/26c892a6cdae4a86","nativeRecordCid":"1ca58515-fe20-43d3-8d9f-ea2ebfad2f20","documentId":"open-science-source-31","id":"c30","text":"The construction of ignorance or of \"epistemically disadvantaged identities\" silences and dehumanizes entire intellectual traditions, cultures, and communities, most notably those from the Global South.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"construction of ignorance","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"According to decolonial scholars, the construction of ignorance or of “epistemically disadvantaged identities” silences and dehumanizes entire intellectual traditions, cultures and communities; most notably, those from the Global South.[24]","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-31/c31","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/5322c3b17d2d4752","nativeRecordCid":"cb6ec8ca-6895-4562-8827-c00cc269f6c2","documentId":"open-science-source-31","id":"c31","text":"It is not simply facts, events, practices, or technologies that are rendered not known, but individuals and groups who are rendered \"not knowers.\"","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"construction of not-knowers","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"“It is not simply facts, events, practices, or technologies that are rendered not known, but individuals and groups who are rendered ‘not knowers,” wrote philosopher Nancy Tuana.[25]","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-31/c32","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/591d7bdf97254411","nativeRecordCid":"bc552f90-2616-4ac0-92c6-55b6c353935e","documentId":"open-science-source-31","id":"c32","text":"By isolating epistemic communities from credibility and legitimacy, the scholarly communication system deprives them of their right to participate in research and knowledge-making processes.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"epistemic communities' right to participate","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"By isolating epistemic communities from credibility and legitimacy, this system also deprives them of their right to participate in research and knowledge- making processes that, as Arjun Appadurai explained, “systematically increase that stock of knowledge which they consider most vital to their survival as human beings and to their claims as citizens.”[26]","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-31/c33","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/99de8ebe133e491a","nativeRecordCid":"37552326-e7cc-4de0-9567-70fce951dd73","documentId":"open-science-source-31","id":"c33","text":"Research and knowledge-making processes systematically increase the stock of knowledge that groups consider most vital to their survival as human beings and to their claims as citizens.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"research and knowledge-making processes","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"By isolating epistemic communities from credibility and legitimacy, this system also deprives them of their right to participate in research and knowledge- making processes that, as Arjun Appadurai explained, “systematically increase that stock of knowledge which they consider most vital to their survival as human beings and to their claims as citizens.”[26]","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-31/c34","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/a3e009403a9a4e2a","nativeRecordCid":"c1d8d34b-3fee-4186-89e9-40debb1c304f","documentId":"open-science-source-31","id":"c34","text":"Different communities are willing to share their knowledge depending on how it will impact their well-being.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"communities' willingness to share knowledge","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"When analysing OCSDNet project team reflections, we discovered that different communities are willing to share their knowledge depending on how it will impact their well- being.[27]","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-31/c35","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/09b7ae893a3f4d62","nativeRecordCid":"e4cd6f38-977d-4d7a-85d5-a459aef9b6dc","documentId":"open-science-source-31","id":"c35","text":"Openness as a goal may not be the means to redress epistemic injustice in scholarly communication.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"openness as a goal","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Drawing from three OCSDNet case studies from South Africa, Colombia, Costa Rica, and countries in Francophone Africa, we reflect on how openness as a goal may not be the means to redress epistemic injustice in scholarly communication.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-31/c36","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/2bf99df2245a4301","nativeRecordCid":"b88c0e01-abc0-4f57-b7a3-e345c1cca332","documentId":"open-science-source-31","id":"c36","text":"A careful negotiation of the degrees and conditions around openness can allow for the ideation of community-based mechanisms to address different forms of epistemic injustice.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"negotiation of degrees of openness","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Rather, these examples show how a careful negotiation of the degrees and conditions around openness can allow for the ideation of communitybased mechanisms to address different forms of epistemic injustice.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-31/c37","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/325ea8fb0f2a4abe","nativeRecordCid":"037740f1-d157-41e0-b772-a0a35d19c4f9","documentId":"open-science-source-31","id":"c37","text":"\"Biodiversity\" is a complex historically produced discourse with several definitions among a diverse network of stakeholders.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"biodiversity as a discourse","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Postcolonial scholar Arturo Escobar’s work highlights how “biodiversity” in itself is a complex historically produced discourse with several definitions among a diverse network of stakeholders.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-31/c38","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/d0f9cadaef1d429e","nativeRecordCid":"011d5906-1b27-4945-baee-1f67d57a8a48","documentId":"open-science-source-31","id":"c38","text":"Despite new attention being paid to traditional knowledge, conventional scientific disciplines continue to dominate the overall approach at the policy level.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"conventional scientific disciplines at the policy level","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Despite new attention being paid to traditional knowledge, “the conventional scientific disciplines continue to dominate the overall approach” at the policy level.[33]","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-31/c39","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/4397c3c31e7d444f","nativeRecordCid":"7b455bf3-b871-47d0-b687-9374bf21a317","documentId":"open-science-source-31","id":"c39","text":"Research needs to begin and end with community problems, rather than with scientific problems.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"","subject":"research and community problems","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The Latin America project lead Josique Lorenzo concluded that “research [needs to] begin and end with community problems, rather than with scientific problems.”[35]","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-31/c40","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/b3f59144aafb4348","nativeRecordCid":"7a96175c-4cbd-4190-8efd-7bacd6fc8752","documentId":"open-science-source-31","id":"c40","text":"Some institutions tend to subscribe to and replicate the same norms surrounding \"legitimate\" knowledge creation as found in many Northern institutions, from the continued dominance of colonial languages to a heavy reliance on a canon and \"standards of excellence\" originating from centers in the Global North.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"institutions replicating Northern knowledge norms","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Along with some of the more obvious technical limitations for accessing academic knowledge (such as a lack of internet connectivity, computers, electricity, etc.), the project noted that some institutions tend to subscribe to and replicate the same norms surrounding “legitimate” knowledge creation as found in many Northern institutions: from the continued dominance of colonial languages to a heavy reliance on a canon and “standards of excellence” originating from centers in the Global North.[37]","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-31/c41","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/6cd36eb2182e4765","nativeRecordCid":"8f444ffe-c944-4e21-a9ee-999d7c025b9b","documentId":"open-science-source-31","id":"c41","text":"Institutions that replicate Northern norms of legitimate knowledge creation structurally delegitimize forms of knowledge that stray from these norms, such as oral traditions, perspectives drawn from indigenous worldviews, and alternative forms of publishing.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"institutions delegitimizing non-conforming knowledge","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"In doing so, these institutions were structurally delegitimizing forms of knowledge that strayed from these norms— such as the use of oral traditions, perspectives drawn from indigenous worldviews, and alternative forms of publishing.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-31/c42","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/b7f83586f7ac42ef","nativeRecordCid":"40098994-f285-4989-ade9-7edceb24e4a5","documentId":"open-science-source-31","id":"c42","text":"These forms of epistemic injustice reduce the ability of students to deploy the full potential of their intellectual skills, knowledge, and scientific research capacity to serve sustainable local development of their community or country.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"epistemic injustice's effect on students","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Furthermore, the team contended that these forms of epistemic injustices “reduce the ability of students to deploy the full potential of their intellectual skills, their knowledge and their scientific research capacity to serve sustainable local development of their community or country.”[38]","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-31/c43","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/04ac315e873e4911","nativeRecordCid":"121abd80-0cad-4221-a3ab-91fa7e1ddf59","documentId":"open-science-source-31","id":"c43","text":"Young Haitian and West African scholars are keen to play a key role in establishing a culture of science and learning that is inclusive of a diversity of worldviews and intent on solving complex, local development issues.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"young Haitian and West African scholars","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"From their work, they found that young Haitian and West African scholars are keen to play a key role in establishing a culture of science and learning that is inclusive of a diversity of worldviews and intent on solving complex, local development issues.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-31/c44","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/7e055e2139aa4562","nativeRecordCid":"b1094272-da8d-4bb4-864d-ae70f2f20a2f","documentId":"open-science-source-31","id":"c44","text":"Communities did not necessarily consider the open sharing of knowledge to be beneficial unless the root structures of epistemological injustice were also addressed.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"communities' view of open sharing of knowledge","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"In the studies briefly described above, these communities did not necessarily consider the open sharing of knowledge to be beneficial unless the root structures of epistemological injustice were also addressed.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-31/c45","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/d48e5f9d71bc4882","nativeRecordCid":"96c574f7-e33f-43aa-a1b1-5e22c8b676e5","documentId":"open-science-source-31","id":"c45","text":"Each community attempted to reclaim the concept of openness as an opportunity to redress aspects of the historic epistemic injustice they have faced.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"communities reclaiming openness","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"At the same time, they illustrate how each community attempted to reclaim the concept of openness as an opportunity to redress aspects of the historic epistemic injustice they have faced.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-31/c46","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/6a0ac2f109da4d72","nativeRecordCid":"12593184-d418-450a-8319-b9a1c4f90719","documentId":"open-science-source-31","id":"c46","text":"In the first case, openness was redefined as a process to facilitate the equitable negotiation between actors with unequal levels of power.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"openness in the first case","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"In the first case, openness was redefined as a process to facilitate the equitable negotiation between actors with unequal levels of power.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-31/c47","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/8cf3c24cbb204b11","nativeRecordCid":"dde14865-c967-4b10-b3e4-dfa49fe539ec","documentId":"open-science-source-31","id":"c47","text":"In the second case, openness came to be seen as a cultural shift to level the playing field between scientific and traditional knowledge.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"openness in the second case","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The second case highlights how openness came to be seen as a cultural shift to level the playing field between scientific and traditional knowledge.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-31/c48","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/5f67b63cadcd4618","nativeRecordCid":"635722d3-4e71-4aa1-bba5-b56441ed1b29","documentId":"open-science-source-31","id":"c48","text":"In the third case, openness was reinterpreted as fostering a more plural and diverse knowledge-sharing system.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"openness in the third case","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"And in the third case, openness was reinterpreted as fostering a more plural and diverse knowledge- sharing system.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-31/c49","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/eecfbfb4af3943ad","nativeRecordCid":"a7f60bac-7421-4ee8-bcad-3dbcb90f35cd","documentId":"open-science-source-31","id":"c49","text":"The strategies devised by the projects did not seek legitimization through conventional academic norms and standards.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"strategies devised by the projects","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Even though the knowledge of all three epistemic communities has been previously “devalued” in the global scholarly system, the strategies devised by the projects did not seek legitimization through conventional academic norms and standards.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-31/c50","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/a0c14789ef624b0a","nativeRecordCid":"a02bed9d-0cb8-4563-bdf1-62c3a0b5ddfa","documentId":"open-science-source-31","id":"c50","text":"The projects asserted their agency by determining the degree of openness that made sense for their particular context.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"projects asserting agency over openness","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Rather, they opted to assert their agency by determining the degree of openness that made sense for their particular context, and by identifying individual social and cultural mechanisms through which they could acquire the visibility, recognition, and protection of their ways of knowing.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-31/c51","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/bcaaabd134a6489b","nativeRecordCid":"0a11aae2-e91d-4cb6-9d58-a8a9bc16616c","documentId":"open-science-source-31","id":"c51","text":"The projects asserted their agency by identifying individual social and cultural mechanisms through which they could acquire the visibility, recognition, and protection of their ways of knowing.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"projects asserting agency via social/cultural mechanisms","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Rather, they opted to assert their agency by determining the degree of openness that made sense for their particular context, and by identifying individual social and cultural mechanisms through which they could acquire the visibility, recognition, and protection of their ways of knowing.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-31/c52","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/47288fc6a3e04049","nativeRecordCid":"8df9778e-7a8d-4065-b22b-69381bb396a2","documentId":"open-science-source-31","id":"c52","text":"The struggle for global justice includes the search for epistemic justice.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"struggle for global justice","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Drawing on Boaventura de Santos’s famous call to action: “the struggle for global justice includes the search for epistemic justice,” and the related call that “political resistance needs to be premised upon epistemological resistance,” we believe that a more just open scholarly communications system needs to aspire toward epistemic justice, in particular for those who are suffering under unjust sociopolitical and economic structures.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-31/c53","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/00a1e57903894b2d","nativeRecordCid":"1e614ab1-c36e-4164-a6bb-f9b3a0aeb083","documentId":"open-science-source-31","id":"c53","text":"Political resistance must be premised upon epistemological resistance.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"","subject":"political resistance","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Drawing on Boaventura de Santos’s famous call to action: “the struggle for global justice includes the search for epistemic justice,” and the related call that “political resistance needs to be premised upon epistemological resistance,” we believe that a more just open scholarly communications system needs to aspire toward epistemic justice, in particular for those who are suffering under unjust sociopolitical and economic structures.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-31/c54","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/b76cd4076e4f4082","nativeRecordCid":"f7b4ba1a-967f-40f2-b217-f28d765eb283","documentId":"open-science-source-31","id":"c54","text":"A more just open scholarly communications system must aspire toward epistemic justice, particularly for those suffering under unjust sociopolitical and economic structures.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"the open scholarly communications system","subject":"open scholarly communications system","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Drawing on Boaventura de Santos’s famous call to action: “the struggle for global justice includes the search for epistemic justice,” and the related call that “political resistance needs to be premised upon epistemological resistance,” we believe that a more just open scholarly communications system needs to aspire toward epistemic justice, in particular for those who are suffering under unjust sociopolitical and economic structures.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-31/c55","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/66c01fb26b654103","nativeRecordCid":"8f00aaed-78fe-47bf-95bf-d6a266fb3925","documentId":"open-science-source-31","id":"c55","text":"The infrastructures built and the practices enabled in open scholarship must intentionally include voices, worldviews, and epistemologies that have been historically excluded from the system.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"those building open scholarly infrastructures and practices","subject":"infrastructures and practices","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"In this sense, the infrastructures we build and the practices we enable need to intentionally include voices, worldviews, and epistemologies that have been historically excluded from the system.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-31/c56","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/b5bd1ee05a8c45ba","nativeRecordCid":"7c99c8b1-17ea-4b24-8821-83a26504939e","documentId":"open-science-source-31","id":"c56","text":"There is no one-size-fits-all approach toward achieving epistemic justice.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"approaches to achieving epistemic justice","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"While there is no one- size- fitsall approach toward achieving epistemic justice, we believe open research practices do hold promises for reducing historical and contemporary harms inflicted through the academic production system.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-31/c57","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/63152bc43ace4275","nativeRecordCid":"5b7c0b4c-8313-4c1c-b8e5-dd459b55f5a0","documentId":"open-science-source-31","id":"c57","text":"Open research practices hold promise for reducing historical and contemporary harms inflicted through the academic production system.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"open research practices","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"While there is no one- size- fitsall approach toward achieving epistemic justice, we believe open research practices do hold promises for reducing historical and contemporary harms inflicted through the academic production system.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-31/c58","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/41bd7ef01dda4955","nativeRecordCid":"714e76de-8bc2-4720-b809-258b644d322d","documentId":"open-science-source-31","id":"c58","text":"Those who hold power in the Global North should recognize and assume their positions within systems of privilege and oppression.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"those who hold power in the Global North","subject":"those who hold power in the Global North","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The first recommendation is for those who hold power in the Global North to recognize and assume their positions within systems of privilege and oppression in order to exercise what philosopher José Medina calls, “responsible agency.”","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-31/c59","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/5d1053986eaf411f","nativeRecordCid":"5ab86d6c-f25e-48c0-a620-8b58d2dafd27","documentId":"open-science-source-31","id":"c59","text":"Technical standards, norms, and infrastructures that perpetuate epistemic injustice should be challenged.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"","subject":"technical standards, norms, and infrastructures","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The second recommendation is to challenge technical standards, norms, and infrastructures that perpetuate epistemic injustice.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-31/c60","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/59b7c9cc9c944e07","nativeRecordCid":"407b5741-0c42-4145-a436-44e41dd99716","documentId":"open-science-source-31","id":"c60","text":"Disrupting knowledge production systems that perpetuate epistemic injustice requires activists and scholars to question who has the ability to set agendas, standards, and norms.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"activists and scholars","subject":"agenda-setting power in knowledge production","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"To begin to disrupt such a system requires activists and scholars to move beyond challenging the visible barriers of the knowledge production system, notably paywalls and licensing, to question who has the ability to set agendas, standards, and norms; to make decisions and the conditions of participation; and ultimately, to control how knowledge infrastructures are built.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-31/c61","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/29342c4974f940c8","nativeRecordCid":"d4eee9f8-479c-4847-b541-2cf9b62844e6","documentId":"open-science-source-31","id":"c61","text":"Disrupting knowledge production systems that perpetuate epistemic injustice requires activists and scholars to question who has the ability to make decisions and determine the conditions of participation.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"activists and scholars","subject":"decision-making power and conditions of participation","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"To begin to disrupt such a system requires activists and scholars to move beyond challenging the visible barriers of the knowledge production system, notably paywalls and licensing, to question who has the ability to set agendas, standards, and norms; to make decisions and the conditions of participation; and ultimately, to control how knowledge infrastructures are built.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-31/c62","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/d44c4bd44c624d98","nativeRecordCid":"fa545c5f-26c8-429d-b745-475772d068b4","documentId":"open-science-source-31","id":"c62","text":"Disrupting knowledge production systems that perpetuate epistemic injustice requires activists and scholars to question who has the ability to control how knowledge infrastructures are built.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"activists and scholars","subject":"control over knowledge infrastructure building","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"To begin to disrupt such a system requires activists and scholars to move beyond challenging the visible barriers of the knowledge production system, notably paywalls and licensing, to question who has the ability to set agendas, standards, and norms; to make decisions and the conditions of participation; and ultimately, to control how knowledge infrastructures are built.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-31/c63","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/df33f9e6267640b4","nativeRecordCid":"13e2ee6a-eb6c-4bf5-8e5e-264132eb9861","documentId":"open-science-source-31","id":"c63","text":"When openness is simply grafted atop existing technology and power structures, the powerful become further empowered.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"openness grafted onto existing power structures","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"the same vein, when openness is simply grafted atop existing technology and power structures, the powerful are further empowered, and the dominant epistemologies are further reproduced.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-31/c64","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/ff1f552470f4454c","nativeRecordCid":"8f2ea238-96f0-43ea-aca9-bd2b83b0212e","documentId":"open-science-source-31","id":"c64","text":"When openness is simply grafted atop existing technology and power structures, dominant epistemologies are further reproduced.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"openness grafted onto existing power structures","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"the same vein, when openness is simply grafted atop existing technology and power structures, the powerful are further empowered, and the dominant epistemologies are further reproduced.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-31/c65","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/7ed6d5268cd54351","nativeRecordCid":"6d50fd9f-ec76-48d0-a9de-4f5d994d0a21","documentId":"open-science-source-31","id":"c65","text":"Those in positions of privilege must be wary of a centralization of knowledge.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"those in positions of privilege","subject":"those in positions of privilege","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Those in positions of privilege must be wary of a centralization of knowledge and instead explore how we might encourage a polyphony of perspectives and infrastructures that center other knowledges as well.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-31/c66","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/78de7551d2f848d7","nativeRecordCid":"9039c97f-f00d-4cfe-a6ff-d8ab4948b61c","documentId":"open-science-source-31","id":"c66","text":"Those in positions of privilege must explore how to encourage a polyphony of perspectives and infrastructures that center other knowledges.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"those in positions of privilege","subject":"those in positions of privilege","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Those in positions of privilege must be wary of a centralization of knowledge and instead explore how we might encourage a polyphony of perspectives and infrastructures that center other knowledges as well.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-31/c67","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/2b212ebb0d4f4353","nativeRecordCid":"7f810f13-3493-49e9-a253-a9168ab609d0","documentId":"open-science-source-31","id":"c67","text":"The challenges ahead include encouraging and enabling diversity of perspectives and infrastructures.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"challenges facing open scholarship","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The challenges ahead include encouraging and enabling such diversity while simultaneously finding channels for scholarly communities and infrastructures to speak to each other and not to exist in siloed isolation.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-31/c68","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/19b1746eb5434e25","nativeRecordCid":"5e27fc89-17e7-4d43-b7f1-d01feefb00d1","documentId":"open-science-source-31","id":"c68","text":"The challenges ahead include finding channels for scholarly communities and infrastructures to speak to each other rather than exist in siloed isolation.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"challenges facing open scholarship","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The challenges ahead include encouraging and enabling such diversity while simultaneously finding channels for scholarly communities and infrastructures to speak to each other and not to exist in siloed isolation.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-31/c69","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/a69def2946414322","nativeRecordCid":"6b54ddb9-26f1-4893-bb2e-b044b95c8d2f","documentId":"open-science-source-31","id":"c69","text":"Infrastructures that actively seek to redress epistemic injustices should be built and learned from.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"","subject":"infrastructures that redress epistemic injustice","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The third recommendation is to build and learn from infrastructures that actively seek to redress these injustices.","representedInStars":false}
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{"key":"open-science-source-31/c76","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/e64605b8532a4615","nativeRecordCid":"551d6709-f2db-4d18-8ff4-b7b3cbd59027","documentId":"open-science-source-31","id":"c76","text":"PECE turns difference—different artifacts, different annotations from diverse researchers, and different and sometimes conflicting explanatory paradigms—into insight.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"PECE","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"In this way, PECE turns difference— different artifacts, different annotations from diverse researchers, different and sometimes conflicting explanatory paradigms— into insight.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-31/c77","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/ca0f6c16ac4a4acd","nativeRecordCid":"5f850490-47ca-4802-8e46-d544547d315f","documentId":"open-science-source-31","id":"c77","text":"Mukurtu calls into question Creative Commons licenses as the accepted best practice standard.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"Mukurtu","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Calling into question Creative Commons (CC) licenses as the accepted best practice standard, the project has generated a set of “Traditional Knowledge” (TK) labels that describe permissions and restrictions for cultural artifacts according to users’ profiles and “cultural protocols.”","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-31/c78","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/33c1409cce9744d3","nativeRecordCid":"436bab3d-24d2-47e2-8e6d-291cb3bb3b1e","documentId":"open-science-source-31","id":"c78","text":"Mukurtu has generated a set of Traditional Knowledge (TK) labels that describe permissions and restrictions for cultural artifacts according to users' profiles and cultural protocols.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"Mukurtu","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Calling into question Creative Commons (CC) licenses as the accepted best practice standard, the project has generated a set of “Traditional Knowledge” (TK) labels that describe permissions and restrictions for cultural artifacts according to users’ profiles and “cultural protocols.”","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-31/c79","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/1ad2c2a5de3f4ea3","nativeRecordCid":"0cd7d2ef-4085-43d4-b133-c64e8a4f79e4","documentId":"open-science-source-31","id":"c79","text":"Openness should be imagined as a radical practice that aspires to liberation and freedom from structural oppression.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"","subject":"openness","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"And finally, the fourth recommendation is to imagine openness as a radical practice that aspires to liberation and freedom from structural oppression.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-31/c80","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/f914d843697a44d0","nativeRecordCid":"37ecce99-f18b-4037-a625-00aed0cb3a33","documentId":"open-science-source-31","id":"c80","text":"Those working in public scholarship and open movements should engage in the hard work of reflecting on their values.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"those working in public scholarship and open movements","subject":"those working in public scholarship and open movements","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Drawing on Kelley’s work, we call for those working in public scholarship and open movements to engage in the hard work of reflecting on our values and reorganizing social life through political engagement, community involvement, education, debate, and dreaming.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-31/c81","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/a16251824f714b73","nativeRecordCid":"ca06a5a3-0c90-4225-8d54-83016cbb937d","documentId":"open-science-source-31","id":"c81","text":"Those working in public scholarship and open movements should engage in reorganizing social life through political engagement, community involvement, education, debate, and dreaming.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"those working in public scholarship and open movements","subject":"those working in public scholarship and open movements","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Drawing on Kelley’s work, we call for those working in public scholarship and open movements to engage in the hard work of reflecting on our values and reorganizing social life through political engagement, community involvement, education, debate, and dreaming.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-31/c82","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/2780afe96c384e32","nativeRecordCid":"030873df-0bf7-4766-830d-3c1e07e92ccc","documentId":"open-science-source-31","id":"c82","text":"Time and space are necessary for policy makers, scholar activists, and concerned community members to develop collaborative imaginaries for more just and equitable knowledge infrastructures, rather than seeking agreement and consensus around universal standards and technologies of openness.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"policy makers, scholar activists, and concerned community members","subject":"policy makers, scholar activists, and concerned community members","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Instead of seeking to develop agreement and consensus around universal standards and technologies of “openness,” time and space is necessary for policy makers, scholar activists, and concerned community members to develop collaborative imaginaries for more just and equitable knowledge infrastructures.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-31/c83","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/aadac7ffd9d24c80","nativeRecordCid":"f240f2e0-c650-47ba-984e-f2f8d48c19a4","documentId":"open-science-source-31","id":"c83","text":"Dismantling the old is only half of what is needed; the other half requires attempting to imagine futures that are radically different from the present.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"process of achieving epistemic justice","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Dismantling the old is just half the battle; the other half begins with attempting to imagine futures that are radically different from the present.","representedInStars":false}
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{"key":"open-science-source-34/c18","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/0c634dec71d24199","nativeRecordCid":"bd03ce84-7a72-4849-9677-8c5198f5609d","documentId":"open-science-source-34","id":"c18","text":"Improving public access policies across the U.S. government to promote the rapid sharing of federally funded research data with appropriate protections and accountability measures allows for more equitable access to data resources.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"effect of improving public access policies on data equity","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Improving public access policies across the U.S. government to promote the rapid sharing of federally funded research data with appropriate protections and accountability measures will allow for greater validity of research results and more equitable access to data resources aligned with these ideals.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-34/c19","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/4e6bff9d00c1455a","nativeRecordCid":"7d4ca44f-753f-4b02-bd27-7717c69c2559","documentId":"open-science-source-34","id":"c19","text":"When federally funded research is available to the public, it can improve lives.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"effect of publicly available federally funded research","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"When federally funded research is available to the public, it can improve lives, provide policymakers with important evidence with which to make critical decisions, accelerate the rates of discovery and translation, and drive more equitable outcomes across every sector of society.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-34/c20","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/7d6f2ddc8e9f4dbc","nativeRecordCid":"b994e1e3-2ed8-4c5c-a3b6-6c5786da2a97","documentId":"open-science-source-34","id":"c20","text":"When federally funded research is available to the public, it can provide policymakers with important evidence with which to make critical decisions.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"effect of publicly available federally funded research on policymakers","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"When federally funded research is available to the public, it can improve lives, provide policymakers with important evidence with which to make critical decisions, accelerate the rates of discovery and translation, and drive more equitable outcomes across every sector of society.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-34/c21","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/5677d55f419b4625","nativeRecordCid":"55b4a8ad-a55e-4697-94cd-5154262afe0e","documentId":"open-science-source-34","id":"c21","text":"When federally funded research is available to the public, it can accelerate the rate of discovery.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"effect of publicly available federally funded research on discovery","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"When federally funded research is available to the public, it can improve lives, provide policymakers with important evidence with which to make critical decisions, accelerate the rates of discovery and translation, and drive more equitable outcomes across every sector of society.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-34/c22","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/a3fb374268f24312","nativeRecordCid":"f5d09bfd-f072-44bb-8aca-37da7dd3d4f2","documentId":"open-science-source-34","id":"c22","text":"When federally funded research is available to the public, it can accelerate the rate of translation.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"effect of publicly available federally funded research on translation","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"When federally funded research is available to the public, it can improve lives, provide policymakers with important evidence with which to make critical decisions, accelerate the rates of discovery and translation, and drive more equitable outcomes across every sector of society.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-34/c23","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/5880dd31cc7e46be","nativeRecordCid":"176a8150-0b3e-4ef4-b14c-4579990a3ecd","documentId":"open-science-source-34","id":"c23","text":"When federally funded research is available to the public, it can drive more equitable outcomes across every sector of society.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"effect of publicly available federally funded research on equitable outcomes","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"When federally funded research is available to the public, it can improve lives, provide policymakers with important evidence with which to make critical decisions, accelerate the rates of discovery and translation, and drive more equitable outcomes across every sector of society.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-34/c24","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/af3ddd39baa742f0","nativeRecordCid":"b9e7e6d9-9ffa-4ab9-898d-b236a4a96330","documentId":"open-science-source-34","id":"c24","text":"The shift in practice during COVID-19 demonstrated that delivering immediate public access to federally funded research publications and data can provide near real-time returns on American taxpayer investments in science and technology.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"effect of immediate public access during COVID-19","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The shift in practice during COVID-19 demonstrated how delivering immediate public access to federally funded research publications and data can provide near real-time returns on American taxpayer investments in science and technology.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-34/c25","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/346ff22e552b4daf","nativeRecordCid":"a8d80312-ef40-4acd-9c54-cfe5d50257b4","documentId":"open-science-source-34","id":"c25","text":"Insights from new and cutting-edge research stemming from the support of federal agencies should be immediately available, not just in moments of crisis but in every moment.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"","subject":"availability of federal-agency-supported research","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The insights of new and cutting-edge research stemming from the support of federal agencies should be immediately available—not","representedInStars":false}
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{"key":"open-science-source-34/c37","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/d8f82b0d18ef4482","nativeRecordCid":"def1ecac-3615-481c-bd73-396507408963","documentId":"open-science-source-34","id":"c37","text":"Scientific data do not include plans for future research.","kind":"definitional","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"scientific data (exclusions)","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Such scientific data do not include laboratory notebooks, preliminary analyses, case report forms, drafts of scientific papers, plans for future research, peer-reviews, communications with colleagues, or physical objects and materials, such as laboratory specimens, artifacts, or field notes.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-34/c38","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/29b8fa89ea6a4642","nativeRecordCid":"2138ad0f-2490-4f5d-85fe-fcaf37270538","documentId":"open-science-source-34","id":"c38","text":"Scientific data do not include peer-reviews.","kind":"definitional","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"scientific data (exclusions)","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Such scientific data do not include laboratory notebooks, preliminary analyses, case report forms, drafts of scientific papers, plans for future research, peer-reviews, communications with colleagues, or physical objects and materials, such as laboratory specimens, artifacts, or field notes.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-34/c39","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/d2a1203771304a4a","nativeRecordCid":"71ce0cd0-3446-4b9e-a513-3a3f7af123f8","documentId":"open-science-source-34","id":"c39","text":"Scientific data do not include communications with colleagues.","kind":"definitional","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"scientific data (exclusions)","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Such scientific data do not include laboratory notebooks, preliminary analyses, case report forms, drafts of scientific papers, plans for future research, peer-reviews, communications with colleagues, or physical objects and materials, such as laboratory specimens, artifacts, or field notes.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-34/c40","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/9577ccd5e64c405e","nativeRecordCid":"4e11937a-4d60-43b7-ae04-442e3dfc8b0c","documentId":"open-science-source-34","id":"c40","text":"Scientific data do not include physical objects and materials, such as laboratory specimens, artifacts, or field notes.","kind":"definitional","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"scientific data (exclusions)","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Such scientific data do not include laboratory notebooks, preliminary analyses, case report forms, drafts of scientific papers, plans for future research, peer-reviews, communications with colleagues, or physical objects and materials, such as laboratory specimens, artifacts, or field notes.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-34/c41","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/ae2182ba0072426a","nativeRecordCid":"1c94bcca-b060-41c3-a5ce-78fcd7c1ea46","documentId":"open-science-source-34","id":"c41","text":"The definition of 'scientific data' in this memorandum is similar to but broader than the term 'research data' defined by 2 CFR 200.315(e) and 45 CFR 75.322(e).","kind":"definitional","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"definition of scientific data vs research data","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The definition of “scientific data” is similar to but broader than the term “research data” defined by 2 CFR 200.315 (e) and 45 CFR 75.322 (e).","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-34/c42","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/1e33ab04d1fc40ec","nativeRecordCid":"76bc8e75-e985-499f-86c9-6096a3480949","documentId":"open-science-source-34","id":"c42","text":"Suitable repositories for all types of data may not be available within the timeframe provided.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"availability of suitable data repositories","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The term “extent practicable” is used to signal that suitable repositories for all types of data may not be available within the timeframe provided.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-34/c43","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/6e51b9bd233f400a","nativeRecordCid":"f5310417-4787-4838-9729-270820e203cc","documentId":"open-science-source-34","id":"c43","text":"Scientific data underlying peer-reviewed scholarly publications resulting from federally funded research should be made freely available and publicly accessible by default at the time of publication, unless subject to limitations.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"federal agencies","subject":"availability of scientific data underlying publications","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Scientific data[6] underlying peer-reviewed scholarly publications resulting from federally funded research should be made freely available and publicly accessible by default at the time of publication, unless subject to limitations as described in Section 3(c)(i) and should be subject to federal agency guidelines for researcher responsibilities regarding data management and sharing plans, consistent with Section 3(c) of this memorandum.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-34/c44","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/073b70a10b8a4a6b","nativeRecordCid":"b7cd1956-f1f5-4411-af13-e842a2a320bc","documentId":"open-science-source-34","id":"c44","text":"Scientific data underlying peer-reviewed scholarly publications should be subject to federal agency guidelines for researcher responsibilities regarding data management and sharing plans.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"federal agencies","subject":"scientific data management and sharing guidelines","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Scientific data[6] underlying peer-reviewed scholarly publications resulting from federally funded research should be made freely available and publicly accessible by default at the time of publication, unless subject to limitations as described in Section 3(c)(i) and should be subject to federal agency guidelines for researcher responsibilities regarding data management and sharing plans, consistent with Section 3(c) of this memorandum.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-34/c45","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/a560b96adb5d4a4a","nativeRecordCid":"3bd42241-580a-4fc5-a041-3c390d79aba1","documentId":"open-science-source-34","id":"c45","text":"Federal agencies should develop approaches and timelines for sharing other federally funded scientific data that are not associated with peer-reviewed scholarly publications.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"federal agencies","subject":"sharing of scientific data not tied to publications","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Federal agencies should develop approaches and timelines for sharing other federally funded scientific data that are not associated with peer-reviewed scholarly publications.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-34/c46","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/4bb64d7e957f42a9","nativeRecordCid":"89690063-c99d-420b-8162-817fdccff57c","documentId":"open-science-source-34","id":"c46","text":"Federal agencies should provide guidance to researchers that ensures the digital repositories used align, to the extent practicable, with the National Science and Technology Council document entitled 'Desirable Characteristics of Data Repositories for Federally Funded Research.'","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"federal agencies","subject":"alignment of digital repositories with NSTC guidance","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Federal agencies should also provide guidance to researchers that ensures the digital repositories used align, to the extent practicable,[7] with the National Science and Technology Council document entitled “Desirable Characteristics of Data Repositories for Federally Funded Research.”[8]","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-34/c47","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/ccab7cc4e02546d6","nativeRecordCid":"5955aae2-89ca-4264-9eb0-b0b5ea315bbe","documentId":"open-science-source-34","id":"c47","text":"Federal researchers must follow federal laws and OMB policies that govern federal agencies' information management practices and protect certain types of data, to the extent that the scientific data they create, collect, control, direct, or maintain is subject to those laws and policies.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"federal researchers","subject":"compliance with federal information management laws","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"federal researchers must follow federal laws and OMB policies that govern federal agencies’ information management practices and protect certain types of data,[9] to the extent that the scientific data created by, collected by, under the control or direction of, or maintained by the federal researchers is subject to those laws and policies.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-34/c48","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/b0236fb1d0d94ec0","nativeRecordCid":"49c4f9d3-a368-4d22-a0c0-8724fabb5a5e","documentId":"open-science-source-34","id":"c48","text":"Federal agencies should allow researchers to include reasonable publication costs and costs associated with submission, curation, management of data, and special handling instructions as allowable expenses in all research budgets.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"federal agencies","subject":"publication and data cost allowances","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"In consultation with OMB, federal agencies should allow researchers to include reasonable publication costs and costs associated with submission, curation, management of data, and special handling instructions as allowable expenses in all research budgets.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-34/c49","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/b7dba256f8804865","nativeRecordCid":"d36db917-7d8a-404b-bd6e-7d6d60350e1d","documentId":"open-science-source-34","id":"c49","text":"Public access policies that deliver transparent, open, secure, and free communication of federally funded research and activities in an expeditious manner are an important tool to uphold scientific and research integrity.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"public access policies and research integrity","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Public access policies that deliver transparent, open, secure, and free communication of federally funded research and activities in an expeditious manner are an important tool to uphold scientific[13] and research[14] integrity.","representedInStars":false}
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{"key":"open-science-source-34/c55","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/dc8b33d928b14d90","nativeRecordCid":"d38cd10f-5a6a-467f-86c7-f18cec00d9bb","documentId":"open-science-source-34","id":"c55","text":"Maintaining and restoring public trust in science requires security.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"","subject":"public trust in science and security","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"These actions support the value that maintaining and restoring public trust in science requires openness, security, freedom, and integrity.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-34/c56","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/e513d5942d8a41b7","nativeRecordCid":"1a9c09f6-caf4-4874-b8d9-e56ca3228005","documentId":"open-science-source-34","id":"c56","text":"Maintaining and restoring public trust in science requires freedom.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"","subject":"public trust in science and freedom","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"These actions support the value that maintaining and restoring public trust in science requires openness, security, freedom, and integrity.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-34/c57","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/c5c3f2bd78f14c0c","nativeRecordCid":"dae36499-fce6-4eb3-80ec-ccaf66027aa8","documentId":"open-science-source-34","id":"c57","text":"Maintaining and restoring public trust in science requires integrity.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"","subject":"public trust in science and integrity","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"These actions support the value that maintaining and restoring public trust in science requires openness, security, freedom, and integrity.","representedInStars":false}
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{"key":"open-science-source-34/c66","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/299d14bfffd4476b","nativeRecordCid":"698fae8e-00a3-4bb1-994f-bc168038c8c6","documentId":"open-science-source-34","id":"c66","text":"Federal agencies should assign unique digital persistent identifiers to all intramural research protocols that have appropriate metadata linking the funding agency and their awardees through their digital persistent identifiers.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"federal agencies","subject":"identifiers for intramural research protocols","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Assign unique digital persistent identifiers[18] to all scientific research and development awards[19] and intramural research protocols that have appropriate metadata linking the funding agency and their awardees through their digital persistent identifiers.","representedInStars":false}
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{"key":"open-science-source-34/c69","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/fa975c18d68f4d91","nativeRecordCid":"ac7dc1e0-7e6d-4922-b3f2-5c75fda247ee","documentId":"open-science-source-34","id":"c69","text":"A digital persistent identifier is machine resolvable and processable.","kind":"definitional","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"digital persistent identifier (machine resolvability)","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"A digital identifier that is globally unique, persistent, machine resolvable and processable, and has an associated metadata schema.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-34/c70","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/5452bd95933141f8","nativeRecordCid":"13eb1340-ac1e-4358-94c4-4dfb780b7ef0","documentId":"open-science-source-34","id":"c70","text":"A digital persistent identifier has an associated metadata schema.","kind":"definitional","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"digital persistent identifier (metadata schema)","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"A digital identifier that is globally unique, persistent, machine resolvable and processable, and has an associated metadata schema.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-34/c71","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/43a4aaa8e58548df","nativeRecordCid":"74df6597-3354-48e8-84b6-1d144ca65e80","documentId":"open-science-source-34","id":"c71","text":"A research and development award refers to support provided to an individual or entity by a federal research agency to carry out research and development activities.","kind":"definitional","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"research and development award (definition)","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"a research and development award refers to support provided to an individual or entity by a federal research agency to carry out research and development activities, which may include support in the form of a grant, contract, cooperative agreement, or other such transaction.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-34/c72","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/ea22fab3907f4ca8","nativeRecordCid":"ce4e526f-7b43-400d-b03a-56133c0140c8","documentId":"open-science-source-34","id":"c72","text":"A research and development award may include support in the form of a grant, contract, cooperative agreement, or other such transaction.","kind":"definitional","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"research and development award (forms)","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"a research and development award refers to support provided to an individual or entity by a federal research agency to carry out research and development activities, which may include support in the form of a grant, contract, cooperative agreement, or other such transaction.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-34/c73","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/f0e081f422454bb4","nativeRecordCid":"a2cfb339-3075-4edd-bba0-c403973cfced","documentId":"open-science-source-34","id":"c73","text":"Federal science agencies are defined as any federal agency with an annual extramural research expenditure of over $100,000,000.","kind":"definitional","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"federal science agencies (definition)","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Federal science agencies here are defined as any federal agency with an annual extramural research expenditure of over $100,000,000 per 42 USC § 6623(f).","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-34/c74","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/0f73849504254443","nativeRecordCid":"fb4de2d9-9195-4d14-9e81-21c6431c49ed","documentId":"open-science-source-34","id":"c74","text":"Coordination among federal science agencies is critical for the success of delivering America's research to the public.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"","subject":"coordination among federal science agencies","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Coordination among federal science agencies[20] is critical for the success of delivering America’s research to the public.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-34/c75","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/a54b618234c944b7","nativeRecordCid":"45a56769-21af-42a5-bdcb-56656557d455","documentId":"open-science-source-34","id":"c75","text":"The National Science and Technology Council Subcommittee on Open Science was chartered to facilitate coordination between federal science agencies in conjunction with OSTP.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"role of NSTC Subcommittee on Open Science","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The National Science and Technology Council Subcommittee on Open Science was chartered to facilitate such coordination between federal science agencies in conjunction with OSTP.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-34/c76","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/686360e8758442ca","nativeRecordCid":"3a92e0c6-592c-4785-aac7-764a160ad683","documentId":"open-science-source-34","id":"c76","text":"Public access to federally funded research results and data should be maximized in a manner that protects confidentiality, privacy, business confidential information, and security.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"","subject":"protection of confidentiality/security in data sharing","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The term “appropriate” is used to signal that public access to federally funded research results and data should be maximized in a manner that protects confidentiality, privacy, business confidential information, and security, avoids negative impact on intellectual property rights, innovation, program and operational improvements, and U.S. competitiveness, and preserves the balance between the relative value of long-term preservation and access and the associated cost and administrative burden.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-34/c77","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/45014638872b422a","nativeRecordCid":"e747f702-96b2-48e4-9355-531fbc11bcc5","documentId":"open-science-source-34","id":"c77","text":"Public access to federally funded research results and data should avoid negative impact on intellectual property rights, innovation, program and operational improvements, and U.S. competitiveness.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"","subject":"avoidance of negative impact on IP and competitiveness","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The term “appropriate” is used to signal that public access to federally funded research results and data should be maximized in a manner that protects confidentiality, privacy, business confidential information, and security, avoids negative impact on intellectual property rights, innovation, program and operational improvements, and U.S. competitiveness, and preserves the balance between the relative value of long-term preservation and access and the associated cost and administrative burden.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-34/c78","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/7912d810f53244d5","nativeRecordCid":"0415d0e0-484f-417f-afde-9414e370d33c","documentId":"open-science-source-34","id":"c78","text":"Public access to federally funded research results and data should preserve the balance between the relative value of long-term preservation and access and the associated cost and administrative burden.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"","subject":"balance between preservation value and cost burden","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The term “appropriate” is used to signal that public access to federally funded research results and data should be maximized in a manner that protects confidentiality, privacy, business confidential information, and security, avoids negative impact on intellectual property rights, innovation, program and operational improvements, and U.S. competitiveness, and preserves the balance between the relative value of long-term preservation and access and the associated cost and administrative burden.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-34/c79","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/4041e4baf2514b20","nativeRecordCid":"743049b0-1479-4681-aa7d-7d8c8e2d37fb","documentId":"open-science-source-34","id":"c79","text":"Metadata include information conveyed with the publications and data upon deposit in a public access repository to ensure proper attribution and versioning.","kind":"definitional","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"metadata (definition)","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"For the purposes of this memorandum, metadata include information conveyed with the publications and data upon deposit in a public access repository to ensure proper attribution and versioning.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-34/c80","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/d17cc76f7a154772","nativeRecordCid":"3de16fd0-002d-4cdb-9883-780a4bb384b7","documentId":"open-science-source-34","id":"c80","text":"Immediate public access to America's research publications and data accelerates scientific discovery.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"effect of immediate public access on discovery","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Immediate public access to America’s research publications and data will serve our collective goals of accelerating scientific discovery, strengthening translation and policymaking, and lowering the barriers of access to science for all of America.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-34/c81","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/9ea9a94b3b7542a1","nativeRecordCid":"200f743f-208e-43a6-ac67-0dcb55f7dfbb","documentId":"open-science-source-34","id":"c81","text":"Immediate public access to America's research publications and data strengthens translation.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"effect of immediate public access on translation","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Immediate public access to America’s research publications and data will serve our collective goals of accelerating scientific discovery, strengthening translation and policymaking, and lowering the barriers of access to science for all of America.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-34/c82","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/a447f5f5b10a4753","nativeRecordCid":"3713600a-9764-4df6-a97e-943de57f3773","documentId":"open-science-source-34","id":"c82","text":"Immediate public access to America's research publications and data strengthens policymaking.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"effect of immediate public access on policymaking","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Immediate public access to America’s research publications and data will serve our collective goals of accelerating scientific discovery, strengthening translation and policymaking, and lowering the barriers of access to science for all of America.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-34/c83","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/e9b6547e241d40d1","nativeRecordCid":"ed8303e7-b95b-4b72-838e-ace3763754f2","documentId":"open-science-source-34","id":"c83","text":"Immediate public access to America's research publications and data lowers the barriers of access to science for all of America.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"effect of immediate public access on barriers to science","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Immediate public access to America’s research publications and data will serve our collective goals of accelerating scientific discovery, strengthening translation and policymaking, and lowering the barriers of access to science for all of America.","representedInStars":false}
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{"key":"open-science-source-36/c2","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/45130b1ec47f44a3","nativeRecordCid":"2c08268f-d124-4736-b8c2-84869c3a1ac4","documentId":"open-science-source-36","id":"c2","text":"Better alignment with OSTP's guidance can help ensure that federally funded research can be built upon by others.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"alignment with OSTP guidance","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Better alignment with OSTP’s\nguidance could help ensure this research can be built upon by others.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-36/c3","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/198520bbe7c54734","nativeRecordCid":"fdce789f-9e56-4260-80ce-88b7b791efe5","documentId":"open-science-source-36","id":"c3","text":"Publishers are changing their business models to remain viable without subscription revenue.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"publisher business models","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Amid the federal shift to public access, publishers are\nchanging their business models to remain viable without subscription revenue\nand will require authors to pay to have their publications made open access.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-36/c4","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/2b89369162d04e29","nativeRecordCid":"95ae5408-c284-4c21-98eb-5875b099175d","documentId":"open-science-source-36","id":"c4","text":"Publishers will require authors to pay to have their publications made open access.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"publisher business models","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Amid the federal shift to public access, publishers are\nchanging their business models to remain viable without subscription revenue\nand will require authors to pay to have their publications made open access.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-36/c5","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/d428eafa77b3463f","nativeRecordCid":"fd74e341-fa15-4279-8dab-f4202e9a4ab7","documentId":"open-science-source-36","id":"c5","text":"Agencies allow grant funds to cover publication charges.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"agency grant funds","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Agencies\nallow grant funds to cover these charges.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-36/c6","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/2c53273a70b44004","nativeRecordCid":"ad67e5db-6352-4806-b5d6-9b6972e2751a","documentId":"open-science-source-36","id":"c6","text":"Assuming historical patterns continue, the new public access policies and publishers' responses may result in significant agency cost growth.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"agency publishing costs","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Assuming historical patterns continue, the new policies and publishers' responses may result in significant agency cost\ngrowth.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-36/c7","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/b1b0b516a9d94bd3","nativeRecordCid":"72058b2a-32cb-48ae-902f-f23d71f9a7a2","documentId":"open-science-source-36","id":"c7","text":"Significant agency cost growth from publishing charges would mean less money for research.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"agency publishing costs","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"This would mean less money for research (see figure).","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-36/c8","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/2f412cc5df054eda","nativeRecordCid":"52135241-2dd9-4c9f-9aa4-ea32a96ae843","documentId":"open-science-source-36","id":"c8","text":"Additional analysis can help agencies better manage publishing costs.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"agency cost analysis","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Additional analysis could help other agencies better manage costs, which may\ntriple annually.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-36/c9","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/32a5d9ef4cfc40f2","nativeRecordCid":"2882ecbf-bb0a-4006-92e4-2b09b71bc8cb","documentId":"open-science-source-36","id":"c9","text":"Publishing costs may triple annually.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"publishing costs","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Additional analysis could help other agencies better manage costs, which may\ntriple annually.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-36/c10","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/a2c01d495fce491a","nativeRecordCid":"4d7b4f7b-2dc0-41aa-aa69-390046746a48","documentId":"open-science-source-36","id":"c10","text":"Increased public access can improve the visibility of research.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"public access effects","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Increased public access can improve the visibility of research\nand enable readers to identify problems with specific publications more quickly.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-36/c11","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/47a3226ffa79490a","nativeRecordCid":"1c342c5d-662d-4de7-9ee6-580e1717debb","documentId":"open-science-source-36","id":"c11","text":"Increased public access can enable readers to identify problems with specific publications more quickly.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"public access effects","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Increased public access can improve the visibility of research\nand enable readers to identify problems with specific publications more quickly.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-36/c12","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/bea3a68cd30e4e06","nativeRecordCid":"e0a1e49f-859d-47b9-86cf-4862376d2170","documentId":"open-science-source-36","id":"c12","text":"Ensuring that future economic analyses are consistent with GAO's key elements can help agencies better understand the cost implications of their new public access policies.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"future economic analyses","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Ensuring that future analyses are consistent\nwith the key elements can help agencies better understand the cost implications\nof their new policies.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-36/c13","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/570cc9ee9ba645f1","nativeRecordCid":"46720d5a-b737-4635-92a3-e32e54a5f756","documentId":"open-science-source-36","id":"c13","text":"The U.S. government is one of the largest funders of scientific research globally.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"U.S. government research funding","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The U.S. government is one of the largest funders of\nscientific research globally.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-36/c14","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/28fe923c404f416c","nativeRecordCid":"647a3863-c488-49e6-897c-2a5391a75fdb","documentId":"open-science-source-36","id":"c14","text":"The results of federally funded research are ordinarily shared through scholarly publications.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"federally funded research results","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The results of federally funded research are\nordinarily shared through scholarly publications.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-36/c15","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/fa6a2518f0f04fa3","nativeRecordCid":"6946c6ec-012e-4b4a-8a43-ff7f0bc370ba","documentId":"open-science-source-36","id":"c15","text":"Many federally funded research publications were restricted to paid subscribers.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"federally funded publications access","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"But many of these\npublications were restricted to paid subscribers.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-36/c16","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/7bd01770e1ac4248","nativeRecordCid":"923114eb-c083-4199-8711-e5edf90ed700","documentId":"open-science-source-36","id":"c16","text":"Scholarly publications describing federally funded research have traditionally been restricted behind subscription paywalls that require readers to pay fees for access.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"scholarly publications access","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"However, scholarly publications describing this research have\ntraditionally been restricted behind subscription paywalls that require readers\nto pay fees for access, making it difficult for the public and other\nresearchers to access and learn from.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-36/c17","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/541465afd9b14d85","nativeRecordCid":"cf4195cf-33f5-4755-8419-56bdb1443a21","documentId":"open-science-source-36","id":"c17","text":"Restricting scholarly publications behind subscription paywalls makes it difficult for the public and other researchers to access and learn from the research.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"subscription paywall effects","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"However, scholarly publications describing this research have\ntraditionally been restricted behind subscription paywalls that require readers\nto pay fees for access, making it difficult for the public and other\nresearchers to access and learn from.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-36/c18","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/9f50d567d0e54de2","nativeRecordCid":"02359bff-a70d-4d16-bb46-0892841e36f7","documentId":"open-science-source-36","id":"c18","text":"Federally funded research can accelerate scientific discovery.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"federally funded research effects","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Federally funded research can accelerate scientific\ndiscovery and inform critical decisions by both policymakers and the public.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-36/c19","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/f85fe36ed77c4ba8","nativeRecordCid":"9757abe2-a62c-4a0f-aacc-73131985190a","documentId":"open-science-source-36","id":"c19","text":"Federally funded research can inform critical decisions by both policymakers and the public.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"federally funded research effects","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Federally funded research can accelerate scientific\ndiscovery and inform critical decisions by both policymakers and the public.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-36/c20","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/ee9964dfe4ae4d3f","nativeRecordCid":"6a5300c2-1332-4b8d-8f7e-4916444b3c6a","documentId":"open-science-source-36","id":"c20","text":"Federal agencies that fund research and development must make federally funded scholarly publications public immediately and freely accessible once published.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"federal agencies that fund research and development","subject":"federally funded scholarly publications","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The new guidance required these agencies to update public access policies to\ngenerally make federally funded scholarly publications and their underlying\nscientific data public immediately and freely accessible once published.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-36/c21","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/6e3d748317da4069","nativeRecordCid":"8603e7f8-e97b-446d-9666-b5f3d742b6ad","documentId":"open-science-source-36","id":"c21","text":"Federal agencies that fund research and development must make the underlying scientific data of federally funded scholarly publications public immediately and freely accessible once published.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"federal agencies that fund research and development","subject":"underlying scientific data","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The new guidance required these agencies to update public access policies to\ngenerally make federally funded scholarly publications and their underlying\nscientific data public immediately and freely accessible once published.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-36/c22","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/a58edc74c4ff4511","nativeRecordCid":"c977275c-df74-4c01-a251-36733656bb3e","documentId":"open-science-source-36","id":"c22","text":"Federally funded research includes federally funded analyses conducted at universities.","kind":"definitional","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"federally funded research scope","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"This\nresearch includes federally funded analyses conducted at universities, in\naddition to research done in federal labs.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-36/c23","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/4e576bc0aac94e82","nativeRecordCid":"1db3babc-504d-4258-b2cb-c686e826dabb","documentId":"open-science-source-36","id":"c23","text":"Federally funded research includes research done in federal labs.","kind":"definitional","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"federally funded research scope","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"This\nresearch includes federally funded analyses conducted at universities, in\naddition to research done in federal labs.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-36/c24","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/cb38f3968f464fc9","nativeRecordCid":"254ae91e-a4c2-4679-91d1-f6384f2204a5","documentId":"open-science-source-36","id":"c24","text":"The results of federally funded research are often published in peer-reviewed journals owned by for-profit or nonprofit publishers.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"federally funded research publication","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The results of federally funded research, such as\nscholarly publications, are often published in peer-reviewed journals owned by\nfor-profit or nonprofit publishers.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-36/c25","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/831a5405ee664c9c","nativeRecordCid":"9dd9fd11-17e0-4722-92cf-5a0e6560ccb2","documentId":"open-science-source-36","id":"c25","text":"Publishers use a range of business models, some of which allow for open access.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"publisher business models","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"These publishers use a range of business\nmodels, some of which allow for open access.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-36/c26","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/ed5473d281cd4542","nativeRecordCid":"88f554b2-1a0c-4f95-ba25-9eaf9df5bcf4","documentId":"open-science-source-36","id":"c26","text":"Open access refers to a range of publishers' business models used to provide free access to scholarly publications, whether or not those publications were federally funded.","kind":"definitional","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"open access","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"We use the related term open access to refer to a range of\npublishers’ business models used to provide free access to scholarly\npublications, whether or not those publications were federally funded.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-36/c27","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/b96f5d4df93a46ce","nativeRecordCid":"46402387-0a16-4184-b0f9-abce399b19b4","documentId":"open-science-source-36","id":"c27","text":"Public access refers to the free availability of federally funded scholarly materials to the public.","kind":"definitional","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"public access","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"In this report, we use the term\npublic access to refer to the free availability of federally funded scholarly\nmaterials to the public.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-36/c28","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/c9ec8c217af94481","nativeRecordCid":"39e29121-1b1e-4d14-962d-49d6d5e7a88c","documentId":"open-science-source-36","id":"c28","text":"Under the gold or pay-to-publish model, publishers charge researchers fees to make their publications freely and immediately accessible to the public.","kind":"definitional","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"gold/pay-to-publish model","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Under\none of the most used open access models, called the gold or pay-to-publish\nmodel, publishers charge researchers fees to make their publications freely and\nimmediately accessible to the public.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-36/c29","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/8c8509b1d16f4c1a","nativeRecordCid":"cd9bada4-4c21-49a0-996c-46c24812d48b","documentId":"open-science-source-36","id":"c29","text":"Federal research and development investments are intended to advance knowledge.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"federal R&D investment purpose","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"These investments are intended to advance knowledge, drive innovation, and\nbenefit the public.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-36/c30","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/4a130b912da24055","nativeRecordCid":"b39bd056-674b-4993-99e9-388919b729d2","documentId":"open-science-source-36","id":"c30","text":"Federal research and development investments are intended to drive innovation.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"federal R&D investment purpose","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"These investments are intended to advance knowledge, drive innovation, and\nbenefit the public.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-36/c31","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/cf63973248934823","nativeRecordCid":"6e5fa2a1-2ab6-4e83-b1ee-987d92f50bef","documentId":"open-science-source-36","id":"c31","text":"Federal research and development investments are intended to benefit the public.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"federal R&D investment purpose","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"These investments are intended to advance knowledge, drive innovation, and\nbenefit the public.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-36/c32","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/9e83b30911604d36","nativeRecordCid":"ace7f4a5-0af1-43c5-aa90-355f07b5658a","documentId":"open-science-source-36","id":"c32","text":"Federal agencies fund research and development for a wide range of scientific disciplines.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"federal R&D funding scope","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Federal agencies fund R&D for a wide range of\nscientific disciplines.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-36/c33","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/1a856a219fb84a67","nativeRecordCid":"3b2f9f40-7268-4495-874e-541bf28164d3","documentId":"open-science-source-36","id":"c33","text":"Intramural researchers are federal employees or contractors.","kind":"definitional","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"intramural researchers","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Intramural researchers are federal employees or\ncontractors.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-36/c34","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/4d5b5f36c2c34b32","nativeRecordCid":"80c16009-b23b-4d8b-a839-b1f5eb89a65b","documentId":"open-science-source-36","id":"c34","text":"Federal agencies fund two types of researchers: intramural and extramural.","kind":"definitional","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"types of federally funded researchers","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Federal agencies fund two types of researchers—intramural\nand extramural.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-36/c35","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/dcfc34b48c6c40b0","nativeRecordCid":"2be6b0e4-0316-4f4f-bb37-65945258ec85","documentId":"open-science-source-36","id":"c35","text":"Extramural researchers are employed by non-federal organizations.","kind":"definitional","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"extramural researchers","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"In contrast, extramural researchers are employed by non-federal\norganizations and receive federal funding to conduct research.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-36/c36","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/a9d4d97ef5ac4dc7","nativeRecordCid":"668c4bee-0d66-4b66-9e08-a757351c8861","documentId":"open-science-source-36","id":"c36","text":"Extramural researchers receive federal funding to conduct research.","kind":"definitional","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"extramural researchers","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"In contrast, extramural researchers are employed by non-federal\norganizations and receive federal funding to conduct research.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-36/c37","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/032036c0515548b7","nativeRecordCid":"c18e20f1-03e9-476b-a9e8-62faadfc5e02","documentId":"open-science-source-36","id":"c37","text":"Extramural researchers include scientists and research personnel who receive grants or other federal funding for their work at universities, academic medical centers, and other research institutions.","kind":"definitional","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"extramural researchers","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"They include\nscientists and research personnel who receive grants or other federal funding\nfor their work at universities, academic medical centers, and other research\ninstitutions.","representedInStars":false}
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{"key":"open-science-source-36/c70","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/8b7a4c7fd86a4a28","nativeRecordCid":"7d31efa8-bb23-44d5-8165-0341ecec0283","documentId":"open-science-source-36","id":"c70","text":"Under open access models, publishers allow the public to access publications in a journal for free.","kind":"definitional","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"open access models","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Under open access models, publishers allow\nthe public to access publications in a journal for free.","representedInStars":true}
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{"key":"open-science-source-36/c74","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/49bebd155c934538","nativeRecordCid":"45ffd039-6ba0-4ac0-aa9d-c32fd4b3b97b","documentId":"open-science-source-36","id":"c74","text":"Under the hybrid open access model, a combination of gold and subscription models, a publication is published in a subscription journal, but the researcher can pay a publication charge to make the specific publication freely available.","kind":"definitional","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"hybrid open access model","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"**Hybrid open access**. Under this model—a combination\nof gold and subscription models—a publication is published in a subscription\njournal, but the researcher can pay a publication charge to make the specific\npublication freely available.","representedInStars":true}
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{"key":"open-science-source-36/c76","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/c28e84f34cd24b3b","nativeRecordCid":"2e3ddbac-6470-4274-ba61-a70ed6d17bc1","documentId":"open-science-source-36","id":"c76","text":"Under the bronze open access model, a publisher temporarily makes a publication that would otherwise be restricted behind a subscription paywall publicly accessible.","kind":"definitional","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"bronze open access model","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"**Bronze open access**. Under this model, a publisher\ntemporarily makes a publication that would otherwise be restricted behind a\nsubscription paywall publicly accessible.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-36/c77","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/d9eedd7f69fc4198","nativeRecordCid":"40f91093-90f7-4532-9f6d-035e1733eb35","documentId":"open-science-source-36","id":"c77","text":"Many publishers voluntarily made COVID-19-related research publicly accessible for free.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"COVID-19 research access","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Many publishers voluntarily made COVID-19-related research publicly accessible\nfor free.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-36/c78","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/1c2f14d0ae5b41fc","nativeRecordCid":"70cb173d-5c30-4d09-adb6-d10c30637bdc","documentId":"open-science-source-36","id":"c78","text":"Depending on the license used, publishers may remove access to bronze open access publications at any time.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"bronze open access removal","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"However, depending on the license used, publishers may remove access\nto such publications at any time.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-36/c79","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/80f00b0508e7452e","nativeRecordCid":"9f2eb11b-37f0-417d-be8a-b571f83552b8","documentId":"open-science-source-36","id":"c79","text":"The diamond (or platinum) open access model is similar to the gold model, except that the publisher or another external sponsor covers the publication costs instead of the author.","kind":"definitional","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"diamond open access model","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"**Diamond (or platinum) open access**. This model is\nsimilar to the gold model, except that the publisher or another external\nsponsor covers the publication costs instead of the author.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-36/c80","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/22f0f14daab945c1","nativeRecordCid":"11cf97b3-edf5-48ea-aa1f-4bd19ce5f7fc","documentId":"open-science-source-36","id":"c80","text":"Under the subscribe to open model, the publisher uses subscription revenue to convert paywalled publications to open access if certain conditions are met.","kind":"definitional","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"subscribe to open model","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"**Subscribe to open**. Under this model, the publisher\nuses subscription revenue to convert paywalled publications to open access if\ncertain conditions are met.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-36/c81","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/5749d1a3576d43f5","nativeRecordCid":"9fffb878-7a0a-4d5e-802d-6ce425061f8c","documentId":"open-science-source-36","id":"c81","text":"Under the subscribe to open model, if the journal meets a targeted number of subscriptions within a set period, its publications in the following year will be open access.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"subscribe to open model condition","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Specifically, if the journal meets a targeted\nnumber of subscriptions within a set period, its publications in the following\nyear will be open access.","representedInStars":false}
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{"key":"open-science-source-36/c83","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/a5a3d45e7c234272","nativeRecordCid":"46491f52-6948-4f3b-ab46-037814a4966a","documentId":"open-science-source-36","id":"c83","text":"OSTP advises the president on a range of issues, including scientific, engineering, and technological aspects of the economy.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"OSTP's advisory role","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"OSTP advises the president on a range of issues, including\nscientific, engineering, and technological aspects of the economy.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-36/c84","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/28d42d1a3b9f43f2","nativeRecordCid":"940942c5-8df7-4f80-90a9-5fe54b2de43d","documentId":"open-science-source-36","id":"c84","text":"An embargo period is the period of up to 12 months after publication in a subscription journal during which federally funded research is not made publicly available.","kind":"definitional","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"embargo period","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Agencies were directed to allow up to 12 months\nafter publication in a subscription journal, known as an embargo period, to\nmake the research publicly available.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-36/c85","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/6be2ab60d36240f9","nativeRecordCid":"a25dcb7e-b044-42f0-b6c9-dd720e9e7ace","documentId":"open-science-source-36","id":"c85","text":"Federally funded research must be made publicly accessible upon publication in a journal.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"federal agencies","subject":"public access to federally funded research","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"First, OSTP removed the option of a 12-month embargo period, now\nrequiring federally funded research to be public upon publication in a\njournal.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-36/c86","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/36bf13e37f1f4529","nativeRecordCid":"4c38e6c2-5640-4180-b14e-d89f4eeff629","documentId":"open-science-source-36","id":"c86","text":"Immediate public access must be provided for federally funded publications.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"federal agencies","subject":"public access to federally funded publications","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Finally,\nimmediate public access is required not only for federally funded publications\nbut also for their underlying scientific data.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-36/c87","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/c424fe523820425f","nativeRecordCid":"105f2c93-3198-4efc-aebe-adfea7523219","documentId":"open-science-source-36","id":"c87","text":"Immediate public access must be provided for the underlying scientific data of federally funded publications.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"federal agencies","subject":"public access to underlying scientific data","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Finally,\nimmediate public access is required not only for federally funded publications\nbut also for their underlying scientific data.","representedInStars":true}
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{"key":"open-science-source-36/c89","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/a571b9b3058d4d58","nativeRecordCid":"ba99057a-8d73-4b17-8ea4-c4afa8acf748","documentId":"open-science-source-36","id":"c89","text":"Agency public access plans should describe how to maximize equitable reach of public access to peer-reviewed scholarly publications, including free online access in formats that allow for machine-readability and broad accessibility through assistive devices.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"federal agencies","subject":"equitable reach of public access","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Agency plans should describe how to maximize equitable reach of public access to peer-reviewed scholarly publications, including free online access to publications in formats that allow for machine-readability and broad accessibility through assistive devices.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-36/c90","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/3722be7422af497a","nativeRecordCid":"4084ef6e-9dbc-44fc-8fce-cd0eafd478a2","documentId":"open-science-source-36","id":"c90","text":"Agency public access plans should describe the circumstances or prerequisites needed to make publications freely and publicly available by default, including any use and re-use rights and which restrictions, including attribution, may apply.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"federal agencies","subject":"reuse rights and restrictions disclosure","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Agency plans should describe the circumstances or prerequisites needed to make the publications freely and publicly available by default, including any use and re-use rights and which restrictions, including attribution, may apply.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-36/c91","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/1c063c9d6b6a4ffd","nativeRecordCid":"a39d5e2b-3f6c-482c-9696-4be34650dbbe","documentId":"open-science-source-36","id":"c91","text":"Federal agencies should allow researchers to include reasonable publication costs and costs associated with submission, curation, management of data, and special handling instructions as allowable expenses in research budgets.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"federal agencies","subject":"allowable publication cost expenses","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"In consultation with the Office of Management and Budget, federal agencies should allow researchers to include reasonable publication costs and costs associated with submission, curation, management of data, and special handling instructions as allowable expenses in all research budgets.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-36/c92","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/5ab1eb5b3919425a","nativeRecordCid":"ada023da-af01-4ba9-b736-0b1ce0043f27","documentId":"open-science-source-36","id":"c92","text":"The term scholarly publications includes all peer-reviewed research articles or final manuscripts published in scholarly journals.","kind":"definitional","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"scholarly publications (term)","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The term scholarly\npublications includes all peer-reviewed research articles or final manuscripts published in scholarly\njournals.","representedInStars":false}
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{"key":"open-science-source-36/c94","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/025c19ada7094e8e","nativeRecordCid":"c0a544cc-f2f7-4d59-9097-cb8a8463dea8","documentId":"open-science-source-36","id":"c94","text":"The term scholarly publications also includes some peer-reviewed editorials.","kind":"definitional","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"scholarly publications (term)","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The term also includes some peer-reviewed book chapters, editorials,\nand peer-reviewed conference proceedings published in other scholarly outlets.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-36/c95","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/f4dbd9009a3047e0","nativeRecordCid":"a4094217-d50e-403e-a942-1889aad80d00","documentId":"open-science-source-36","id":"c95","text":"The term scholarly publications also includes some peer-reviewed conference proceedings published in other scholarly outlets.","kind":"definitional","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"scholarly publications (term)","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The term also includes some peer-reviewed book chapters, editorials,\nand peer-reviewed conference proceedings published in other scholarly outlets.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-36/c96","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/fb43151092794277","nativeRecordCid":"01ecbb77-d4f4-4aa0-9d37-29e131484755","documentId":"open-science-source-36","id":"c96","text":"Machine-readability refers to a format that a computer can read.","kind":"definitional","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"machine-readability (term)","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Machine-readability refers to a format that a\ncomputer can read.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-36/c97","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/890e93a4e16245d7","nativeRecordCid":"b419e340-3742-45bb-87fd-5d58ab7e6bbc","documentId":"open-science-source-36","id":"c97","text":"Machine-readability enables automated systems to access, process, and analyze data without human intervention.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"machine-readable formats","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"It enables automated systems to access, process, and analyze\ndata without human intervention.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-36/c98","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/affa1023c3e14bad","nativeRecordCid":"ac65c71a-ad03-4141-a55b-738acb3268b6","documentId":"open-science-source-36","id":"c98","text":"Federal agencies should issue final public access policies by December 2024.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"federal agencies","subject":"final public access policies deadline","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"According to OSTP’s 2022 memo, agencies should issue final\npolicies by December 2024, and the policies are to go into effect by December\n2025 (see fig. 4).","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-36/c99","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/5c9e5c1876134429","nativeRecordCid":"22146e7e-34fa-4e1c-8208-76195e03a913","documentId":"open-science-source-36","id":"c99","text":"Federal agencies may pay reasonable publication charges on behalf of federally funded researchers.","kind":"normative","modality":"may","actor":"federal agencies","subject":"publication charge payments","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"From 2022 through 2024, OSTP published a series of annual\nreports to estimate the potential taxpayer costs that will accrue because the\n2022 memorandum allows agencies to pay reasonable publication charges on behalf\nof federally funded researchers.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-36/c100","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/002b4b17da594741","nativeRecordCid":"4d52d9aa-8400-4faf-97dd-4ea99a8c129f","documentId":"open-science-source-36","id":"c100","text":"Federal agencies should develop new, or update existing, public access plans as soon as possible.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"federal agencies","subject":"development of public access plans","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"OSTP’s 2022 memorandum states that “federal agencies should develop\nnew, or update existing, public access plans as soon as possible” and that\npolicies should be effective no later than December 31, 2025.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-36/c101","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/60fdd8b007f2482e","nativeRecordCid":"18fa30b8-657a-469e-81b3-dbcab677bb06","documentId":"open-science-source-36","id":"c101","text":"Agency public access policies should be effective no later than December 31, 2025.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"federal agencies","subject":"public access policy effective date","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"OSTP’s 2022 memorandum states that “federal agencies should develop\nnew, or update existing, public access plans as soon as possible” and that\npolicies should be effective no later than December 31, 2025.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-36/c102","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/1a6a538dfb08476b","nativeRecordCid":"feeb090b-bcf6-4131-856a-851456423822","documentId":"open-science-source-36","id":"c102","text":"Screen readers are software programs that allow blind or visually impaired users to read text on a computer through a braille display or a speech synthesizer that reads the text aloud.","kind":"definitional","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"screen readers (term)","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"which are software programs that allow blind or visually impaired users to read\ntext on a computer through a braille display or a speech synthesizer that reads\nthe text aloud.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-36/c103","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/6768f60baeb84099","nativeRecordCid":"0cd3d903-3e7b-4dc6-a952-a96c8b07067e","documentId":"open-science-source-36","id":"c103","text":"Reuse rights describe the terms of copyright, such as how others can share, modify, or use the research after it is published.","kind":"definitional","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"reuse rights (term)","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Reuse rights describe the terms of copyright,\nsuch as how others can share, modify, or use the research after it is\npublished.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-36/c104","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/9eadf453d441418f","nativeRecordCid":"4cb4a2da-43e3-42ac-9d36-e467f0f17932","documentId":"open-science-source-36","id":"c104","text":"Shifts towards public access can help create a scientific culture that values collaboration.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"shifts towards public access","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"OSTP’s guidance discusses how shifts towards public access can help create a “scientific\nculture that values collaboration.”","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-36/c105","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/d4b6ed2da3f548d3","nativeRecordCid":"e3d771ed-6c50-4191-bbdb-6ed0879395a8","documentId":"open-science-source-36","id":"c105","text":"If agencies are not clear about how federally funded research can be shared, modified, or otherwise used, this may discourage others from building upon the research.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"unclear reuse rights for research","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"If agencies are not clear about how\nfederally funded research can be shared, modified, or otherwise used, this may\ndiscourage others from building upon the research.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-36/c106","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/cadb4020d2324cfd","nativeRecordCid":"e407c2c2-693d-46ba-a22d-8dd1bb03f1ac","documentId":"open-science-source-36","id":"c106","text":"A cost is reasonable if it does not exceed an amount that a prudent person would incur under the circumstances prevailing when the decision was made to incur the cost.","kind":"definitional","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"reasonable cost (term)","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The Code of Federal Regulations states that “a cost is\nreasonable if it does not exceed an amount that a prudent person would incur under\nthe circumstances prevailing when the decision was made to incur the cost.”","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-36/c107","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/5795ea47c511464a","nativeRecordCid":"4130dafb-6db1-401b-897b-d5ef1ca86731","documentId":"open-science-source-36","id":"c107","text":"Researchers often have the ability to reallocate funds within their budgets after the agency's review.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"researchers' budget reallocation ability","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Officials at some agencies also told us that\nresearchers often have the ability to reallocate funds within their budgets\nafter the agency’s review.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-36/c108","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/7489b3cf6d8440dc","nativeRecordCid":"2bc02e3d-3de4-4859-a1b9-bfae5d84058f","documentId":"open-science-source-36","id":"c108","text":"Researchers could reallocate funds to spend more on publication costs than they initially stated they would in their proposed budget.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"researchers' reallocation of publication funds","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Researchers could therefore reallocate funds to\nspend more on publication costs than they initially stated they would in their\nproposed budget.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-36/c109","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/8e7d3eff68fc4008","nativeRecordCid":"83268a96-27c1-4c18-ac34-450c2eaa3e8b","documentId":"open-science-source-36","id":"c109","text":"Publishers are changing their business models with the goal of maintaining financial sustainability amid the shift to public access without an embargo.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"publishers' business models","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Publishers are changing their business models with the\ngoal of maintaining financial sustainability amid the shift to public access\nwithout an embargo, according to most commercial publishers we met with.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-36/c110","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/103e0f306ec94780","nativeRecordCid":"ed702c32-c0fc-4ecf-80d6-ac1fd3743d8a","documentId":"open-science-source-36","id":"c110","text":"Federally funded researchers who want their publication shared both in a repository and in a journal will often have to pay a publication charge.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"federally funded researchers","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Therefore, federally funded\nresearchers that want to have their publication shared both in a repository and\nin a journal will often have to pay a publication charge.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-36/c111","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/d86fb10580e84081","nativeRecordCid":"e838fdac-9f5e-4a04-8f3f-438d5362f194","documentId":"open-science-source-36","id":"c111","text":"The selected agencies will likely bear much of the cost of publication charges.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"selected agencies","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The selected agencies will likely bear much of the cost of\nthese publication charges.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-36/c112","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/4918c0cc62064dde","nativeRecordCid":"a42f7152-d648-4348-87ab-609a3b762074","documentId":"open-science-source-36","id":"c112","text":"Researchers are allowed to charge reasonable publication costs to their research grants under the relevant agencies' updated public access plans and policies and OSTP's 2022 guidance.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"researchers' grant charging","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"This is because researchers are allowed to charge\nreasonable publication costs to their research grants, per the relevant\nselected agencies’ updated public access plans and policies and in accordance\nwith OSTP’s 2022 guidance.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-36/c113","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/ad1e3553817b4e24","nativeRecordCid":"82e9c751-3181-4f90-8c94-256aef454987","documentId":"open-science-source-36","id":"c113","text":"Implementing publication charges is the only financially sustainable way for publishers to make content immediately and publicly accessible.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"publication charges","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Publishers stated that implementing these charges is\nthe only financially sustainable way for them to make content immediately and\npublicly accessible.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-36/c114","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/cc7c58117db74e2d","nativeRecordCid":"14ae68dd-7734-4c41-986f-5fd7befa4fc6","documentId":"open-science-source-36","id":"c114","text":"OSTP's 2022 guidance no longer allows an embargo period.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"OSTP's 2022 guidance","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Publishers cite OSTP’s 2022 guidance that no longer allows\nan embargo period as the main reason publication charges are needed for\npublishers’ financial sustainability.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-36/c115","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/aa548b3433e149e2","nativeRecordCid":"73b54a69-8c0b-4420-8ce4-dce3566eec8f","documentId":"open-science-source-36","id":"c115","text":"Under the previous 2013 OSTP guidance, federally funded research could be published in a subscription journal and then made freely available in an appropriate repository after a 12-month embargo period.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"2013 OSTP guidance","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Under the previous 2013 OSTP guidance,\nfederally funded research could be published in a subscription journal and then\nmade freely available in an appropriate repository after the 12-month embargo\nperiod.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-36/c116","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/3c15d56d8510432b","nativeRecordCid":"baa99a20-a999-4d71-b1f8-9408a30f63ae","documentId":"open-science-source-36","id":"c116","text":"The 2013 embargo arrangement was financially sustainable for publishers because readers would pay for subscriptions to access the content during the 12-month embargo period.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"2013 embargo arrangement","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Publishers told us that this arrangement was financially sustainable\nfor them because readers would pay for subscriptions to access the content\nduring the 12-month embargo period.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-36/c117","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/77ee8249f0b04bb8","nativeRecordCid":"31152915-a383-4e23-a7f1-a62b2fdfc05a","documentId":"open-science-source-36","id":"c117","text":"The 2013 embargo arrangement offered a no-cost option to agencies for making research publicly accessible.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"2013 embargo arrangement","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"This offered a no-cost option to agencies\nfor making research publicly accessible.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-36/c118","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/7ffe595db0784bef","nativeRecordCid":"be705396-c89d-41eb-b95e-2420fcb8c076","documentId":"open-science-source-36","id":"c118","text":"Subscription-based publication models are not financially sustainable for publishers to operate when publications are made immediately and freely accessible in repositories.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"subscription-based publication models","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"They explained that this is because subscription-based\npublication models are not financially sustainable for publishers to operate\nwhen publications are made immediately and freely accessible in repositories.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-36/c119","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/c229ca10fdac4ad1","nativeRecordCid":"2a7b5711-a8b4-4eb0-a395-616e9b5bb659","documentId":"open-science-source-36","id":"c119","text":"Readers are unlikely to pay for research behind a subscription paywall if that content can already be freely accessed through a repository.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"readers' willingness to pay","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Publishers stated that readers are unlikely to pay for research that is behind\na subscription paywall if that content can already be freely accessed through a\nrepository.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-36/c120","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/ee56a318736e4785","nativeRecordCid":"834bfe8c-d6c8-4655-b3a8-a77b936bd25e","documentId":"open-science-source-36","id":"c120","text":"Federally funded researchers will still be able to deposit publications into repositories.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"federally funded researchers","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Federally funded researchers will still be able to deposit\npublications into repositories.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-36/c121","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/5903007887aa4b36","nativeRecordCid":"4226bb2f-6426-4ef8-a43f-9d36a889d583","documentId":"open-science-source-36","id":"c121","text":"Publishers' transitions to pay-to-publish models may not align with agency expectations.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"publishers' transition to pay-to-publish","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Publishers’ transitions to pay-to-publish models may not\nalign with agency expectations.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-36/c122","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/1ebf996b60334325","nativeRecordCid":"5369aed6-5504-495d-847c-324b4a2a1fb9","documentId":"open-science-source-36","id":"c122","text":"Researchers can comply with agency public access policies by depositing their author accepted manuscript into a repository at no cost.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"researchers' compliance option","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Officials from several of the selected agencies stated that researchers can\ncomply with their public access policies by depositing their author accepted\nmanuscript into a repository at no cost.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-36/c123","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/ea5ca82a4e7541e0","nativeRecordCid":"7c9bf1b8-08a7-4999-b1bf-61475e501894","documentId":"open-science-source-36","id":"c123","text":"Publishers will not offer researchers an option for their publications to be deposited in repositories at the time of publication unless the researcher pays a publication charge.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"publishers' deposit policy","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"However, publishers we spoke with stated\nthat they will not offer researchers an option for their publications to be\ndeposited in repositories at the time of publication unless the researcher pays\na publication charge.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-36/c124","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/4a747bed7d414e26","nativeRecordCid":"b4d15ba7-819c-4a15-817c-4972bf136a7f","documentId":"open-science-source-36","id":"c124","text":"Depositing only a manuscript into an approved repository to satisfy public access requirements is unlikely to be a feasible approach for researchers in practice.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"researchers' compliance approach","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"While researchers can satisfy agency public access\nrequirements by only depositing their manuscript into an approved repository,\nin practice, this is unlikely to be a feasible approach for researchers.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-36/c125","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/c33a05dc44aa4750","nativeRecordCid":"9e8afbdb-ca9e-4122-ac46-108fc2c7557c","documentId":"open-science-source-36","id":"c125","text":"A researcher who wants their work peer reviewed is often going to have to go through the publication process with a publisher.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"researchers seeking peer review","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"This\nmeans that a researcher who wants their work peer reviewed is often going to\nhave to go through the publication process with a publisher.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-36/c126","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/a485e72c8d104b5f","nativeRecordCid":"c5f9100d-c801-4052-a7c7-2f2619a207f3","documentId":"open-science-source-36","id":"c126","text":"There is currently no practical way for researchers to deposit publications that have been peer reviewed into a repository without incurring a publication charge.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"researchers depositing peer-reviewed work","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Thus, there is\ncurrently no practical way for researchers to deposit publications that have\nbeen peer reviewed into a repository without incurring a publication charge.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-36/c127","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/94c5566fc0f541b2","nativeRecordCid":"4ed7e8d8-e71e-459f-b55b-971f12177020","documentId":"open-science-source-36","id":"c127","text":"Most of the selected agencies have not conducted formal analyses or planned for the potential budgetary and other effects of shifting towards pay-to-publish models.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"selected agencies","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Most of the selected agencies have not conducted formal\nanalyses or planned for the potential budgetary and other effects of shifting\ntowards pay-to-publish models.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-36/c128","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/52185f1896404a13","nativeRecordCid":"e906051e-39da-45af-928f-7f2e6de0a484","documentId":"open-science-source-36","id":"c128","text":"The lack of formal analyses could be explained at least in part by agencies not fully anticipating the expected shift towards pay-to-publish models.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"selected agencies' anticipation","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"This could be explained at least in part by\nagencies not fully anticipating the expected shift towards pay-to-publish\nmodels, as discussed above.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-36/c129","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/07e3b8de3beb41c1","nativeRecordCid":"51e438a6-0f37-42ba-a55a-86f62bcab18c","documentId":"open-science-source-36","id":"c129","text":"Publication charges have become more expensive.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"publication charges","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Amid these changes, studies and data analyses show that\npublication charges have become more expensive.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-36/c130","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/3042b9a48b164426","nativeRecordCid":"c0595bd0-a101-4e22-96c2-36072594043a","documentId":"open-science-source-36","id":"c130","text":"Publication charges vary by publisher and by journal, sometimes significantly.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"publication charges","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"While research shows that publication charges were\ngenerally rising, they vary by publisher and by journal, sometimes\nsignificantly.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-36/c131","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/27f64d90988442af","nativeRecordCid":"fb737a39-4e6c-4ec9-be84-a26042ddc397","documentId":"open-science-source-36","id":"c131","text":"The exact calculations publishers use to determine publication charges are typically not made public.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"publishers' publication-charge calculations","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Additionally, publishers told us that the exact calculations\nthey use to determine publication charges are typically not made public.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-36/c132","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/e0623a006c554e96","nativeRecordCid":"7771f668-c89f-4ccc-8648-387b5bad0e71","documentId":"open-science-source-36","id":"c132","text":"Publication charges are influenced by journal prestige and selectivity.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"publication charges","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Publishers we spoke with told us that publication charges are influenced by a\nnumber of factors, including journal prestige and selectivity, the rigor of the\nquality checks performed by the journal, the academic discipline of the\njournal, market conditions, and general publication costs.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-36/c133","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/3231daa9094e4062","nativeRecordCid":"324e3789-c31a-4721-978d-dea656acc128","documentId":"open-science-source-36","id":"c133","text":"Publication charges are influenced by the rigor of the quality checks performed by the journal.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"publication charges","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Publishers we spoke with told us that publication charges are influenced by a\nnumber of factors, including journal prestige and selectivity, the rigor of the\nquality checks performed by the journal, the academic discipline of the\njournal, market conditions, and general publication costs.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-36/c134","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/ec2ace184c154aa5","nativeRecordCid":"6f1555b2-5782-476b-b8b5-cc2f5c5af120","documentId":"open-science-source-36","id":"c134","text":"Publication charges are influenced by the academic discipline of the journal.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"publication charges","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Publishers we spoke with told us that publication charges are influenced by a\nnumber of factors, including journal prestige and selectivity, the rigor of the\nquality checks performed by the journal, the academic discipline of the\njournal, market conditions, and general publication costs.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-36/c135","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/d5426fc2e0794ab8","nativeRecordCid":"8e52863e-2dd2-4897-b743-bd3922b08380","documentId":"open-science-source-36","id":"c135","text":"Publication charges are influenced by market conditions.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"publication charges","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Publishers we spoke with told us that publication charges are influenced by a\nnumber of factors, including journal prestige and selectivity, the rigor of the\nquality checks performed by the journal, the academic discipline of the\njournal, market conditions, and general publication costs.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-36/c136","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/4d2a188e81e94c23","nativeRecordCid":"70734fa1-e135-4359-8efd-ad8403a239a6","documentId":"open-science-source-36","id":"c136","text":"Publication charges are influenced by general publication costs.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"publication charges","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Publishers we spoke with told us that publication charges are influenced by a\nnumber of factors, including journal prestige and selectivity, the rigor of the\nquality checks performed by the journal, the academic discipline of the\njournal, market conditions, and general publication costs.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-36/c137","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/0e16abc55329491f","nativeRecordCid":"63ddfce9-3750-4cb8-8627-3f8fbfacad79","documentId":"open-science-source-36","id":"c137","text":"Agencies that fund research that results in scholarly publications should expect a substantial increase in the amount that researchers will request to spend on publication charges.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"agencies that fund research resulting in scholarly publications","subject":"agencies funding scholarly research","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Agencies that fund research that results in scholarly\npublications should expect a substantial increase in the amount that\nresearchers will request to spend on publication charges.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-36/c138","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/0e85bff039134762","nativeRecordCid":"136a4c6f-da91-407b-9458-8f8d3e1febf2","documentId":"open-science-source-36","id":"c138","text":"The share of federally funded research published under pay-to-publish models will increase substantially.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"pay-to-publish share of research","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Based on what publishers told us about how they plan to\nsupport open access publishing for federally funded researchers, we expect this\nshare to increase substantially.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-36/c139","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/de64ccca72274f3d","nativeRecordCid":"bfb5ba37-51ab-4ae9-b191-f0536969bf44","documentId":"open-science-source-36","id":"c139","text":"The increase in pay-to-publish models could have significant cost implications for federal agencies.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"pay-to-publish cost implications","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"This increase could have significant cost\nimplications for federal agencies.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-36/c140","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/49451c13c1194f1b","nativeRecordCid":"f40c70dd-928a-4925-a1d1-416d01cef7a2","documentId":"open-science-source-36","id":"c140","text":"Adopting open access publishing may not lead to decreased subscription spending.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"open access publishing and subscription spending","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"While some U.S. agencies have canceled their subscriptions to prominent scholarly journals in the last year, a study of Europe’s shift toward open access publication of government research suggests that adopting open access publishing may not lead to decreased subscription spending.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-36/c141","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/6ca40aa078994229","nativeRecordCid":"3615e03b-5e0c-4cd3-8038-ca99b1340d94","documentId":"open-science-source-36","id":"c141","text":"The greatest effect of Europe's shift to open access has been an increase in the likelihood of funded papers being published as hybrid open access.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"Europe's shift to open access","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Specifically, a study commissioned by the group of national research funding organizations that launched Europe’s open access efforts (known as cOAlition S) found that the greatest effect of Europe’s shift to open access has been an increase in the likelihood of funded papers being published as hybrid open access.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-36/c142","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/a38332e208dc42cd","nativeRecordCid":"173b234c-1b6f-409f-9b3e-2cf6f1c28b56","documentId":"open-science-source-36","id":"c142","text":"Hybrid open access leads to double dipping.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"hybrid open access","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The paper states that hybrid open access leads to double dipping, a double payment phenomenon in which an institution pays to access a journal’s publications through the subscription model while simultaneously paying publication charges for the journal to publish the institution’s research.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-36/c143","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/c452becceb974552","nativeRecordCid":"5ee11d86-2d71-4e4e-a374-620d0d2f4069","documentId":"open-science-source-36","id":"c143","text":"Double dipping is a double payment phenomenon in which an institution pays to access a journal's publications through the subscription model while simultaneously paying publication charges for the journal to publish the institution's research.","kind":"definitional","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"double dipping","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The paper states that hybrid open access leads to double dipping, a double payment phenomenon in which an institution pays to access a journal’s publications through the subscription model while simultaneously paying publication charges for the journal to publish the institution’s research.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-36/c144","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/4fe31a17cfe64096","nativeRecordCid":"5b639728-ce56-4d2d-864e-8d07dd1010c5","documentId":"open-science-source-36","id":"c144","text":"Open access does not reduce subscription spending.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"open access and subscription spending","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"In this circumstance, open access does not reduce subscription spending but rather introduces new costs in addition to existing subscription spending.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-36/c145","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/134ac51fc4014976","nativeRecordCid":"589b116a-a57c-4880-a7fc-906bfa4b1568","documentId":"open-science-source-36","id":"c145","text":"Open access introduces new costs in addition to existing subscription spending.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"open access and subscription spending","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"In this circumstance, open access does not reduce subscription spending but rather introduces new costs in addition to existing subscription spending.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-36/c146","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/78575428d7b04b50","nativeRecordCid":"8f091f51-5bab-47a9-a063-7fcef75d82cc","documentId":"open-science-source-36","id":"c146","text":"The scholarly publishing industry is difficult to predict.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"scholarly publishing industry","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"In\npractice, the scholarly publishing industry is difficult to predict.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-36/c147","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/bd6129be722f4b7b","nativeRecordCid":"14b516e3-0907-483a-b276-7ab14b059104","documentId":"open-science-source-36","id":"c147","text":"Agencies should identify and analyze significant changes that could affect agency operations.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"agencies","subject":"agencies' identification of significant changes","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"According to the *Standards for Internal Control in the\nFederal Government*, agencies should identify and analyze significant\nchanges that could affect agency operations, and as appropriate respond by\nchanging operating practices on a timely basis.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-36/c148","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/7cc7f371c3b54fce","nativeRecordCid":"e805c87a-3338-4282-b98e-ebd9d1b1a9d9","documentId":"open-science-source-36","id":"c148","text":"Agencies should, as appropriate, respond to significant changes by changing operating practices on a timely basis.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"agencies","subject":"agencies' response to significant changes","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"According to the *Standards for Internal Control in the\nFederal Government*, agencies should identify and analyze significant\nchanges that could affect agency operations, and as appropriate respond by\nchanging operating practices on a timely basis.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-36/c149","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/936cf36d18c14731","nativeRecordCid":"47ceb0f3-acad-4afc-99bf-fb23bfd39327","documentId":"open-science-source-36","id":"c149","text":"Agency adoption of new public access plans that cover reasonable publication charges, combined with the journal market shift towards pay-to-publish models, represents a significant change with financial implications for the selected agencies.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"agency public access plans and market shift","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Agency adoption of new public access\nplans that cover reasonable publication charges combined with the journal\nmarket shift towards pay-to-publish models represent a significant change with\nfinancial implications for the selected agencies.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-36/c150","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/4c38073d5ebd458e","nativeRecordCid":"a1266a5e-ece9-4457-a9da-e97b9b596e00","documentId":"open-science-source-36","id":"c150","text":"The selected agencies must anticipate how their research budgets may be affected by the shift toward pay-to-publish models.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"selected agencies","subject":"selected agencies' budget anticipation","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"To use research budgets efficiently, the selected agencies\nmust anticipate how these budgets\nmay be affected by the shift toward pay-to-publish models.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-36/c151","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/90da8a599322433a","nativeRecordCid":"c1660466-2a2f-409e-9f61-27bd28b6d41e","documentId":"open-science-source-36","id":"c151","text":"Efficient use of research budgets is especially important given anticipated constraints on research funding.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"","subject":"efficient use of research budgets","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Efficient use of research budgets is especially important given anticipated\nconstraints on research funding.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-36/c152","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/cead6987ed39406c","nativeRecordCid":"a3063c5f-50db-43bf-b718-90554d8f1f9b","documentId":"open-science-source-36","id":"c152","text":"The remaining eight selected agencies are not reasonably assured that they are prepared for how the shift toward pay-to-publish models will affect their research efforts and budgets.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"eight selected agencies","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"As a result, the\nremaining eight agencies (USDA, DOD, DOE, DOT, NASA, NRC, NSF, and SSA) are not\nreasonably assured that they are prepared for how the shift toward\npay-to-publish models will affect their research efforts and budgets.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-36/c153","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/06a64152db6d4ed4","nativeRecordCid":"73de3df8-5e2c-45a2-9a0e-5cd86b6244b3","documentId":"open-science-source-36","id":"c153","text":"Inaccurate budget projections could negatively affect the extent to which an agency is able to achieve its research goals.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"inaccurate budget projections","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Such inaccuracy could negatively affect the extent to which the agency is able to\nachieve its research goals.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-36/c154","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/e953355d049644a9","nativeRecordCid":"0f9676c9-68aa-4d81-ac06-76cf82e65702","documentId":"open-science-source-36","id":"c154","text":"If the selected agencies do not anticipate the effects of rising publication costs, they risk inaccurately projecting how much of their research budgets will be used on publication charges instead of other uses such as directly conducting research, purchasing equipment, or hiring research staff.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"selected agencies' budget projections","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"If the selected agencies do not anticipate the effects of rising publication\ncosts, they risk inaccurately projecting how much of their research budgets\nwill be used on publication charges, instead of other uses such as directly\nconducting research, purchasing equipment, or hiring research staff.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-36/c155","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/69d98b9128d3438f","nativeRecordCid":"b255ec79-0be9-445b-b5fa-f530926ceb11","documentId":"open-science-source-36","id":"c155","text":"Conducting an analysis like NIH's could help agencies develop a basis for what they would consider a reasonable cost for publication charges.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"agency cost analyses","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Additionally, conducting an analysis like NIH’s\ncould help agencies develop a basis for what they would consider a reasonable\ncost for publication charges.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-36/c156","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/833f81f898574324","nativeRecordCid":"fe70e9dd-f771-4a91-9611-2d7a6a4f5a05","documentId":"open-science-source-36","id":"c156","text":"Concerns about the economic effects of pay-to-publish models may become more prominent.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"concerns about pay-to-publish models","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"These concerns may become more prominent, as publishers have indicated that\nthey will typically require federally funded researchers who want to publish in\ntheir journals to use pay-to-publish models.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-36/c157","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/948f478bc61a4e93","nativeRecordCid":"82c135a1-2fc6-451e-9af4-e261c01ba991","documentId":"open-science-source-36","id":"c157","text":"Consolidation in the publishing market has grown considerably in recent decades as open access publishing has become increasingly common.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"publishing market consolidation","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Stakeholders we\nspoke with and data analyses we reviewed indicate that consolidation in the\npublishing market has grown considerably in recent decades as open access\npublishing has become increasingly common.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-36/c158","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/54ad22856a984486","nativeRecordCid":"474204d8-4f63-44ce-9c74-24d2cc1e2ba8","documentId":"open-science-source-36","id":"c158","text":"Market consolidation is especially concerning for small publishers who lack the resources needed to negotiate agreements with institutions.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"small publishers","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"This consolidation is especially concerning for small publishers who lack the\nresources needed to negotiate agreements with institutions.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-36/c159","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/c82653a5526143ee","nativeRecordCid":"4d546566-29c1-4513-8afe-6cb844ecdb1b","documentId":"open-science-source-36","id":"c159","text":"Pay-to-publish models are not financially sustainable for researchers and research institutions.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"pay-to-publish models","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"A variety of stakeholders stated\nthat pay-to-publish models are not financially sustainable for researchers and\nresearch institutions and that these models will increase costs for researchers\nand their institutions relative to the subscription model.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-36/c160","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/587e40cd06c84471","nativeRecordCid":"757096f7-765f-47f4-b172-a3a6deb2301e","documentId":"open-science-source-36","id":"c160","text":"Pay-to-publish models will increase costs for researchers and their institutions relative to the subscription model.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"pay-to-publish models","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"A variety of stakeholders stated\nthat pay-to-publish models are not financially sustainable for researchers and\nresearch institutions and that these models will increase costs for researchers\nand their institutions relative to the subscription model.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-36/c161","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/4be724d0296940be","nativeRecordCid":"34cdace3-57b1-48d2-9cc6-9de4e137733e","documentId":"open-science-source-36","id":"c161","text":"Grant funds used for publication charges cannot be used for other purposes, including conducting research, hiring research staff, or maintaining facilities and equipment.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"grant funds used for publication charges","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Grant funds used for\npublication charges cannot be used for other purposes, including conducting\nresearch, hiring research staff, or maintaining facilities and equipment.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-36/c162","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/caabb1ec1cf5463d","nativeRecordCid":"a35e3080-8bea-406f-bac2-2ca9e482c5f2","documentId":"open-science-source-36","id":"c162","text":"As more funding is dedicated towards publishing research, less will be available for conducting research.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"research funding allocation","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"As\nmore funding is dedicated towards publishing research, less will be available for\nconducting research.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-36/c163","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/90c20ac476ea4b30","nativeRecordCid":"31575045-5bf3-47d1-b6ee-bff9b1667f14","documentId":"open-science-source-36","id":"c163","text":"Researchers who have limited access to funding or publishing support will have greater difficulties publishing under pay-to-publish models.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"researchers with limited funding","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Some\nstakeholders stated that researchers who have limited access to funding or\npublishing support will have greater difficulties publishing under\npay-to-publish models, as they may be unable to pay for publication charges.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-36/c164","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/6aecb04838224dff","nativeRecordCid":"619e7631-e739-475c-ae6b-849ee6c88d78","documentId":"open-science-source-36","id":"c164","text":"Research institutions that publish greater than average volumes of research will have to bear much of the cost of publication under pay-to-publish models.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"high-output research institutions","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Some stakeholders expressed\nconcern that research institutions that publish greater than average volumes of\nresearch will have to bear much of the cost of publication under the\npay-to-publish models.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-36/c165","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/dc4a24ef34bd41e4","nativeRecordCid":"47c77991-8b10-489b-8eb7-56d42f1f989a","documentId":"open-science-source-36","id":"c165","text":"Pay-to-publish models require a payment for every publication.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"pay-to-publish models","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Because pay-to-publish models require a payment for every\npublication, institutions that publish more often will pay more than others.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-36/c166","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/9af48f92ca344931","nativeRecordCid":"2d3c67a8-473e-439c-81aa-a802128947ff","documentId":"open-science-source-36","id":"c166","text":"Scholarly societies rely on subscription revenue to support their operations.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"scholarly societies","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Stakeholders told\nus that scholarly societies rely on subscription revenue to support their\noperations, and that if the market shifts primarily to pay-to-publish models\nthat these societies may struggle to adapt.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-36/c167","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/237dccba2ced4561","nativeRecordCid":"b8b9d921-5b97-40e4-8e4a-e96cdb1ad278","documentId":"open-science-source-36","id":"c167","text":"If the market shifts primarily to pay-to-publish models, scholarly societies may struggle to adapt.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"scholarly societies","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Stakeholders told\nus that scholarly societies rely on subscription revenue to support their\noperations, and that if the market shifts primarily to pay-to-publish models\nthat these societies may struggle to adapt.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-36/c168","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/c5f85470b2044c94","nativeRecordCid":"42097511-0b66-4e8a-bfd3-8740aaefcdb5","documentId":"open-science-source-36","id":"c168","text":"Open access scholarly publications are viewed more than paywalled publications funded by the selected agencies.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"open access publications: views","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Researchers viewed and cited open access scholarly\npublications more than paywalled publications funded by the selected agencies.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-36/c169","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/02773b85ad734a49","nativeRecordCid":"6d2e2879-277d-4328-9dce-2965c8c0b80d","documentId":"open-science-source-36","id":"c169","text":"Open access scholarly publications are cited more than paywalled publications funded by the selected agencies.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"open access publications: citations","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Researchers viewed and cited open access scholarly\npublications more than paywalled publications funded by the selected agencies.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-36/c170","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/106d4329328c4b82","nativeRecordCid":"b6ef4553-9f82-43e1-a95a-e6b293d184ce","documentId":"open-science-source-36","id":"c170","text":"NIH has the most funded publications among the selected agencies.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"NIH: funded publications","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"publicly accessible publications funded by NIH, which has both the\nmost funded publications and highest share of publicly accessible publications\namong our selected agencies, were cited 37 percent more often than paywalled\npublications when field weighted.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-36/c171","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/2165f9fa30a543ed","nativeRecordCid":"69b5f05b-18a6-413f-a24f-a974e658166f","documentId":"open-science-source-36","id":"c171","text":"NIH has the highest share of publicly accessible publications among the selected agencies.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"NIH: publicly accessible share","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"publicly accessible publications funded by NIH, which has both the\nmost funded publications and highest share of publicly accessible publications\namong our selected agencies, were cited 37 percent more often than paywalled\npublications when field weighted.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-36/c172","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/9187866f5d584452","nativeRecordCid":"cc8e6970-ca1f-4cca-9fcc-5ff9337604cd","documentId":"open-science-source-36","id":"c172","text":"Open access publications are cited more frequently than paywalled scholarly publications across a range of disciplines.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"open access publications: citation frequency","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Several studies found evidence that open\naccess publications were cited more frequently than paywalled scholarly\npublications across a range of disciplines.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-36/c173","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/b90a4fe9c2934dd0","nativeRecordCid":"484fadf4-5dc7-4e60-a6f9-6d64a1d20b48","documentId":"open-science-source-36","id":"c173","text":"Increased accessibility can improve visibility of federally funded research.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"increased accessibility: research visibility","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"These results suggest that increased accessibility can\nimprove visibility of federally funded research and encourage and accelerate\nscientific progress in areas funded by the selected agencies (see sidebar).","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-36/c174","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/d114c95cea734bd3","nativeRecordCid":"ad3388be-f429-4e20-ae35-1bc7ecce6e81","documentId":"open-science-source-36","id":"c174","text":"Increased accessibility can encourage and accelerate scientific progress in areas funded by the selected agencies.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"increased accessibility: scientific progress","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"These results suggest that increased accessibility can\nimprove visibility of federally funded research and encourage and accelerate\nscientific progress in areas funded by the selected agencies (see sidebar).","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-36/c175","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/151a37f3d1134084","nativeRecordCid":"a2d7db87-fada-489a-8b2f-99c660e82897","documentId":"open-science-source-36","id":"c175","text":"Public access leads to faster corrections and retractions because it allows more researchers to view and identify research integrity issues.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"public access: corrections and retractions","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Public access leads to faster corrections and retractions\nbecause it allows more researchers to view and identify research integrity\nissues, such as flawed or erroneous content, according to officials and one\nuniversity stakeholder.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-36/c176","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/f12bb0f685154097","nativeRecordCid":"ebc76462-56fd-4f55-a842-0055f247eee7","documentId":"open-science-source-36","id":"c176","text":"Publishers can retract publications that are found to have issues such as significant errors, plagiarism, fraudulent data, or unethical research practices.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"publishers: retraction of publications","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Publishers can also “retract”\npublications that are found to have issues such as significant errors,\nplagiarism, fraudulent data, or unethical research practices.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-36/c177","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/b5108ae7777746a8","nativeRecordCid":"514c7a42-b3e4-4502-877b-1f90df9416cd","documentId":"open-science-source-36","id":"c177","text":"The financial incentive to publish more under pay-to-publish models has negatively affected the academic publishing industry.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"pay-to-publish incentive: publishing industry","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"This incentive has negatively affected the academic publishing\nindustry, according to stakeholders we spoke with.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-36/c178","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/e40f4e084eb84ba4","nativeRecordCid":"d471efae-6ee9-4c60-bcb5-2c803f6de06e","documentId":"open-science-source-36","id":"c178","text":"Under pay-to-publish models, publishers are financially incentivized to publish more scholarly publications because they receive publication charges for each one.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"pay-to-publish publishers: financial incentive","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"However, under the pay-to-publish models, publishers are\nfinancially incentivized to publish more scholarly publications because they\nreceive publication charges for each one.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-36/c179","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/8ba1f98edb234123","nativeRecordCid":"1fb73fc9-9206-4bde-bd1e-eb103a6877a3","documentId":"open-science-source-36","id":"c179","text":"Paper mills are organizations that let people pay to have their name listed among the authors of a publication on which they were not an author.","kind":"definitional","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"paper mills","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Some organizations, commonly\nreferred to as “paper mills,” let people pay to have their name listed among the\nauthors of a publication on which they were not an author.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-36/c180","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/272fba618e6c4bc4","nativeRecordCid":"e9be463e-4185-4847-9abc-8a86823fae9f","documentId":"open-science-source-36","id":"c180","text":"Open access journals do not inherently have lower standards of quality.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"open access journals: quality standards","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Open access journals do not inherently have lower standards of quality,\naccording to publishers and scholarly societies.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-36/c181","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/3c4ecefd8cb14e14","nativeRecordCid":"0e0252a6-2e4f-490b-b096-5f8bef8a280a","documentId":"open-science-source-36","id":"c181","text":"Research quality varies from journal to journal for a range of reasons regardless of public access or open access status.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"research quality: journal variation","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"These stakeholders told us\nthat research quality varies from journal to journal, for a range of reasons\nregardless of public access or open access status.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-36/c182","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/444caa8c42754703","nativeRecordCid":"3578dd72-af3d-430e-a88d-fbad63f49726","documentId":"open-science-source-36","id":"c182","text":"Incentives created by pay-to-publish models have contributed to paper mills.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"pay-to-publish incentives: paper mills","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The incentives created by pay-to-publish models have\ncontributed to the following three issues.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-36/c183","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/57eb3d52834346b6","nativeRecordCid":"f1e5924e-547c-47f3-ab97-8202c6f1b429","documentId":"open-science-source-36","id":"c183","text":"Incentives created by pay-to-publish models have contributed to predatory publishers.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"pay-to-publish incentives: predatory publishers","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The incentives created by pay-to-publish models have\ncontributed to the following three issues.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-36/c184","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/86aeef26a1ff489a","nativeRecordCid":"52306c17-9797-4546-9f5e-8b23de14cd7d","documentId":"open-science-source-36","id":"c184","text":"Incentives created by pay-to-publish models have contributed to lowering of publication standards.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"pay-to-publish incentives: lowering standards","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The incentives created by pay-to-publish models have\ncontributed to the following three issues.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-36/c185","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/d07f64dd265348cd","nativeRecordCid":"532f3c8a-498d-4c82-8083-e1d20a658dbe","documentId":"open-science-source-36","id":"c185","text":"Paper mills are mainly overseas organizations.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"paper mills: location","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Paper mills are mainly overseas\norganizations that conduct a variety of fraudulent activities, including\nfabricating scholarly publications, adding authors to already accepted\npublications, and bribing journal editors to accept manuscripts for\npublication.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-36/c186","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/0847863386e440b5","nativeRecordCid":"1f0e628b-0aac-405a-a000-c1e8fb431087","documentId":"open-science-source-36","id":"c186","text":"Paper mills fabricate scholarly publications.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"paper mills: fabrication","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Paper mills are mainly overseas\norganizations that conduct a variety of fraudulent activities, including\nfabricating scholarly publications, adding authors to already accepted\npublications, and bribing journal editors to accept manuscripts for\npublication.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-36/c187","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/463338fae0874fec","nativeRecordCid":"39569309-7b12-4316-97af-feeb67cc3190","documentId":"open-science-source-36","id":"c187","text":"Paper mills add authors to already accepted publications.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"paper mills: adding authors","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Paper mills are mainly overseas\norganizations that conduct a variety of fraudulent activities, including\nfabricating scholarly publications, adding authors to already accepted\npublications, and bribing journal editors to accept manuscripts for\npublication.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-36/c188","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/c3e2b1a4a29344b0","nativeRecordCid":"1c944a29-736f-46a1-9532-ea08297d73cd","documentId":"open-science-source-36","id":"c188","text":"Paper mills bribe journal editors to accept manuscripts for publication.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"paper mills: bribing editors","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Paper mills are mainly overseas\norganizations that conduct a variety of fraudulent activities, including\nfabricating scholarly publications, adding authors to already accepted\npublications, and bribing journal editors to accept manuscripts for\npublication.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-36/c189","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/49971065f82b444a","nativeRecordCid":"e4b42080-1fd6-44a8-a265-01a161a541dd","documentId":"open-science-source-36","id":"c189","text":"Publications produced through paper mills may be entirely fraudulent or legitimate apart from the illegitimate author or authors.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"paper mill publications: fraudulence","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"These publications may be\nentirely fraudulent or legitimate apart from the illegitimate author or\nauthors.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-36/c190","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/18c45584f95d4edd","nativeRecordCid":"91bb8628-9029-448a-88d6-5f981e3b3c9e","documentId":"open-science-source-36","id":"c190","text":"Some researchers find paper mills attractive because they face pressure to publish a high quantity of scholarly publications to advance in their careers.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"researchers: attraction to paper mills","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Some researchers find this offering attractive because they face\npressure to publish a high quantity of scholarly publications to advance in\ntheir careers.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-36/c191","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/6aaf81e0db0942c9","nativeRecordCid":"e3ade418-57ca-4c4a-92d3-bff945c1f4b5","documentId":"open-science-source-36","id":"c191","text":"The use of paper mills is less prevalent for U.S.-based researchers than for foreign-based researchers.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"paper mill use: U.S. vs foreign researchers","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The use of paper mills is less prevalent for U.S.-based researchers than\nforeign-based researchers, but even limited use poses reliability concerns.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-36/c192","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/90065abebe094ebb","nativeRecordCid":"68ee49af-d1d5-4cbb-9ea6-1e90afceb9af","documentId":"open-science-source-36","id":"c192","text":"Even limited use of paper mills poses reliability concerns.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"paper mill use: reliability concerns","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The use of paper mills is less prevalent for U.S.-based researchers than\nforeign-based researchers, but even limited use poses reliability concerns.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-36/c193","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/0d62e58964a84998","nativeRecordCid":"77b3863e-9997-4836-8e3a-a1cf21a133d9","documentId":"open-science-source-36","id":"c193","text":"Paper mills may follow specific templates, with minor variation between articles.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"paper mills: templates","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"For\nexample, paper mills may follow specific templates, with minor variation\nbetween articles.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-36/c194","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/28d54c08266a418c","nativeRecordCid":"6a0c0ce7-d43b-4f3c-a8b7-959001ce7183","documentId":"open-science-source-36","id":"c194","text":"Paper mills submit manuscripts to journals for publication, targeting journals with lax quality assurance processes to improve the paper mill's chances of getting the bogus manuscript published.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"paper mills: targeting journals","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Paper mills submit manuscripts to journals for\npublication, targeting journals with lax quality assurance processes to improve\nthe paper mill’s chances of getting the bogus manuscript published.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-36/c195","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/6981ee9ad1164ce6","nativeRecordCid":"0c0279d0-8a70-48cc-8127-79d829dccba1","documentId":"open-science-source-36","id":"c195","text":"Open access journals have been targeted by paper mills.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"open access journals: paper mill targeting","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"There have\nbeen instances of open access journals being targeted by paper mills.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-36/c196","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/f09a43bcd1e148f5","nativeRecordCid":"7fad394d-0422-4e47-8444-b60c9464d35b","documentId":"open-science-source-36","id":"c196","text":"Whether the spread of open access journals has caused new paper mill activity is unclear.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"open access journals: paper mill causation","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"However,\nit is unclear whether new paper mill activity has been a result of the spread\nof open access journals.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-36/c197","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/741c05af5a2b4d5b","nativeRecordCid":"2fcf0797-3bd3-4906-bdeb-e0d0666dbe8f","documentId":"open-science-source-36","id":"c197","text":"Some publishers may charge to make a scholarly publication open access and mislead researchers into believing that the publishers conduct high-quality peer review without doing so.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"predatory publishers: charging and misleading","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Some publishers may charge to\nmake a scholarly publication open access and mislead researchers into believing\nthat the publishers conduct high-quality peer review without doing so.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-36/c198","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/17417e38a3fb43d0","nativeRecordCid":"02bd9602-958c-4fc7-8b4e-75a1f6f53803","documentId":"open-science-source-36","id":"c198","text":"Lowering publication standards could involve publishing more articles.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"lowering standards: publishing more articles","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"This could involve either\npublishing more articles or reducing spending on quality assurance.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-36/c199","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/8e10094b03834ae1","nativeRecordCid":"e5b684d3-a00f-4a89-9379-e90b826122cc","documentId":"open-science-source-36","id":"c199","text":"Lowering publication standards could involve reducing spending on quality assurance.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"lowering standards: reducing quality assurance","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"This could involve either\npublishing more articles or reducing spending on quality assurance.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-36/c200","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/af602d6b7c704c03","nativeRecordCid":"f2245541-d656-400c-a7d6-e52297845b06","documentId":"open-science-source-36","id":"c200","text":"Editors who work for the publishers make the final decisions about what to publish.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"editors: publication decisions","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Editors who work for the publishers make the final decisions about what to\npublish.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-36/c201","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/ed04ac5e71074a7b","nativeRecordCid":"16662a41-f182-413c-924e-f70d5a163308","documentId":"open-science-source-36","id":"c201","text":"The influence of predatory journals may be limited.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"predatory journals: influence","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"This suggests that the influence of predatory journals may be limited.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-36/c202","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/5ac68209ddf340d3","nativeRecordCid":"9a16750c-79ff-4b76-8713-2a6b39e0882d","documentId":"open-science-source-36","id":"c202","text":"Some publishers may seek to increase profits by lowering publication standards.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"publishers: lowering publication standards","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Several\nstakeholders, including publishers and scholarly societies, expressed concern\nto us that some publishers may seek to increase profits by lowering publication\nstandards.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-36/c203","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/f74b56cba70c4e5f","nativeRecordCid":"82072fb7-c7a6-4a0a-8d37-1d6205a0112a","documentId":"open-science-source-36","id":"c203","text":"The small number of these resignations relative to the size of the publishing industry makes it difficult to draw industry-wide conclusions.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"resignations: industry-wide conclusions","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The small numbers of these resignations with respect to the size of the\npublishing industry make it difficult to draw industry-wide conclusions.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-36/c204","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/8c293de8d9f74682","nativeRecordCid":"3222b18e-b355-49e2-94c4-d3acb7f9aded","documentId":"open-science-source-36","id":"c204","text":"Conducting high-quality peer review can help ensure research integrity of open access scholarly publications.","kind":"normative","modality":"may","actor":"publishers or researchers","subject":"research integrity: high-quality peer review","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"There are a range of\nsteps publishers or researchers can take to help ensure research integrity of\nopen access scholarly publications, according to publishers we spoke with.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-36/c205","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/d71fba5066d34c82","nativeRecordCid":"269b3c0f-45b1-4bcf-9370-7ba66ab6efab","documentId":"open-science-source-36","id":"c205","text":"These editors' resignations are not necessarily representative of research quality issues across all pay-to-publish journals.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"editorial resignations: representativeness","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"While these editors’ resignations highlight potential\nconcerns that may affect research quality in individual pay-to-publish\njournals, they are not necessarily representative of all such journals.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-36/c206","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/c72d4f0e83574a7e","nativeRecordCid":"2622445c-c623-4d94-a095-ad00f636b196","documentId":"open-science-source-36","id":"c206","text":"Peer review is the process in which external experts from the same field or discipline evaluate the quality of a peer's research by assessing the validity, quality, and often the originality of the research for publication.","kind":"definitional","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"peer review","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Peer review is the process in which external\nexperts from the same field or discipline evaluate the quality of a peer’s\nresearch by assessing the validity, quality, and often the originality of\nresearch for publication.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-36/c207","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/f9e0fa258a874663","nativeRecordCid":"2e11bf6e-4d65-44ba-86bb-5f67668067a9","documentId":"open-science-source-36","id":"c207","text":"Peer review work is typically provided by researchers on a volunteer basis, coordinated by volunteer or professional editorial staff.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"peer review: provision","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"This work is typically provided by researchers on a\nvolunteer basis, coordinated by volunteer or professional editorial staff.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-36/c208","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/f5620fe557304f54","nativeRecordCid":"4768bc46-4c62-40be-96a9-2d7f69590ab2","documentId":"open-science-source-36","id":"c208","text":"To facilitate high-quality review, editors may ensure that an appropriate number of qualified and reputable reviewers examine each manuscript in a timely manner.","kind":"normative","modality":"may","actor":"editors","subject":"manuscript review: reviewer numbers","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"To\nfacilitate high-quality review, editors can, for example, ensure that an\nappropriate number of qualified and reputable reviewers examine each manuscript\nin timely manner.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-36/c209","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/c00ff6aeaa164560","nativeRecordCid":"90332570-6dc3-45e2-9d90-8ce151d1797d","documentId":"open-science-source-36","id":"c209","text":"Editors may ensure that reviewers do not have too many manuscripts to review at once.","kind":"normative","modality":"may","actor":"editors","subject":"reviewer workload","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Editors can also ensure that reviewers do not have too many\nmanuscripts to review at once.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-36/c210","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/b23aa7e4e28b41a9","nativeRecordCid":"2b79de94-cd67-47b9-a4c3-278b33bb2b6a","documentId":"open-science-source-36","id":"c210","text":"Checking for research misconduct can help ensure research integrity of open access scholarly publications.","kind":"normative","modality":"may","actor":"publishers","subject":"research integrity: checking misconduct","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"**Checking\nfor research misconduct**. Publishers can use automated tools and manual\nreviews to help identify manipulated images or plagiarized text in submitted\nmanuscripts.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-36/c211","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/bc0347b68b694493","nativeRecordCid":"8e27519a-a008-4809-9be4-6a2c4b534134","documentId":"open-science-source-36","id":"c211","text":"Publishers may use automated tools and manual reviews to help identify manipulated images or plagiarized text in submitted manuscripts.","kind":"normative","modality":"may","actor":"publishers","subject":"research misconduct checks","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Publishers can use automated tools and manual\nreviews to help identify manipulated images or plagiarized text in submitted\nmanuscripts.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-36/c212","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/e1c99841811b433a","nativeRecordCid":"c6237604-03f8-4293-b2a9-c6b690139cad","documentId":"open-science-source-36","id":"c212","text":"Verifying publisher reputation can help ensure research integrity of open access scholarly publications.","kind":"normative","modality":"may","actor":"researchers","subject":"research integrity: verifying publisher reputation","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"**Verifying\npublisher reputation**. When deciding which journal to submit a manuscript to,\nresearchers can check curated lists of known credible open access publishers\nthat have agreed to adhere to certain business standards.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-36/c213","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/92e888a441d24c32","nativeRecordCid":"dfd8447d-2daa-435a-a6dc-e6214edf732b","documentId":"open-science-source-36","id":"c213","text":"When deciding which journal to submit a manuscript to, researchers may check curated lists of known credible open access publishers that have agreed to adhere to certain business standards.","kind":"normative","modality":"may","actor":"researchers","subject":"verifying publisher reputation","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"When\ndeciding which journal to submit a manuscript to, researchers can check curated\nlists of known credible open access publishers that have agreed to adhere to\ncertain business standards.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-36/c214","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/8f4b81f357994ba2","nativeRecordCid":"075697b4-43b1-4bc4-bbfe-c5eea3bc822a","documentId":"open-science-source-36","id":"c214","text":"Editors and reviewers consider research misconduct check results as they decide whether to put a manuscript through the peer review process or to reject it.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"editors and reviewers: manuscript decisions","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Editors and reviewers consider these results as they decide\nwhether to put the manuscript through the peer review process or to reject it.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-36/c215","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/31ba38c85c524e7f","nativeRecordCid":"be5fe3ae-1deb-4e0a-9e7f-0682856a94aa","documentId":"open-science-source-36","id":"c215","text":"It can be difficult to accurately identify predatory publishers, although some online lists attempt to do so.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"predatory publishers: identification difficulty","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"It\ncan be difficult to accurately identify predatory publishers, although some\nonline lists attempt to do so.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-36/c216","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/6073915eb7544ed7","nativeRecordCid":"f2524139-fac7-4d74-a834-e8cb108f6758","documentId":"open-science-source-36","id":"c216","text":"The Open Access Scholarly Publishing Association approves its members using criteria such as clearly stating peer review and editorial processes and policies.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"OASPA: member approval","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"For\nexample, one stakeholder identified the Open Access Scholarly Publishing\nAssociation, which approves its members using several criteria, such as clearly\nstating peer review and editorial processes and policies.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-36/c217","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/179a67cea67143b5","nativeRecordCid":"2867c5ec-2d72-43cf-9753-8baf4e05a14e","documentId":"open-science-source-36","id":"c217","text":"An author-accepted manuscript is the version of a publication that exists in an agency-designated repository.","kind":"definitional","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"author-accepted manuscript","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"More\nspecifically, as shown in figure 3, the same publication may exist in\ndifferent versions both an agency-designated repository (called the\nauthor-accepted manuscript) and a scholarly journal (called the version of\nrecord).","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-36/c218","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/d511e94f3da64b13","nativeRecordCid":"af5616b6-c048-4f6d-a694-293c79852603","documentId":"open-science-source-36","id":"c218","text":"The version of record is the version of a publication that exists in a scholarly journal.","kind":"definitional","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"version of record","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"More\nspecifically, as shown in figure 3, the same publication may exist in\ndifferent versions both an agency-designated repository (called the\nauthor-accepted manuscript) and a scholarly journal (called the version of\nrecord).","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-36/c219","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/a5f40397a2ca494c","nativeRecordCid":"e185074b-acb2-4f40-b14e-f1f770aee2ee","documentId":"open-science-source-36","id":"c219","text":"The same publication can exist in different versions in an agency-designated repository and in a scholarly journal.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"publications: version differences","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"More\nspecifically, as shown in figure 3, the same publication may exist in\ndifferent versions both an agency-designated repository (called the\nauthor-accepted manuscript) and a scholarly journal (called the version of\nrecord).","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-36/c220","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/d936bdfcb7d74b3d","nativeRecordCid":"6078131e-28a4-4706-9312-fe9692a1d42d","documentId":"open-science-source-36","id":"c220","text":"Open Access Scholarly Publishing Association members must not provide misleading information.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"Open Access Scholarly Publishing Association members","subject":"OASPA members: misleading information","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Members must also not\nprovide misleading information or attempt to mimic another journal or\npublisher.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-36/c221","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/bfff14c3c3a3473c","nativeRecordCid":"f75c04d6-4438-41f7-ac90-eae776894f44","documentId":"open-science-source-36","id":"c221","text":"Open Access Scholarly Publishing Association members must not attempt to mimic another journal or publisher.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"Open Access Scholarly Publishing Association members","subject":"OASPA members: mimicking journals","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Members must also not\nprovide misleading information or attempt to mimic another journal or\npublisher.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-36/c222","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/43135e5727df4546","nativeRecordCid":"a8f7db1c-f9ac-4be0-8c97-7b22804d8bc9","documentId":"open-science-source-36","id":"c222","text":"Following publication, publishers generally make any changes, such as corrections or retractions, to the version of record.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"publishers: version-of-record changes","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Following publication, publishers generally make any changes, such as\ncorrections or retractions, to the version of record.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-36/c223","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/897f280cbe16466f","nativeRecordCid":"f027741a-b7d7-4d4b-9908-a9024b3bcb8d","documentId":"open-science-source-36","id":"c223","text":"There is a risk that federal agencies might not accurately track and carry over changes made to the version of record to the versions in repositories.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"federal agencies: tracking repository changes","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Publishers told us that\nthere is a risk that federal agencies might not accurately track and carry over\nsuch changes to the versions in repositories.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-36/c224","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/a3d08da7940041ff","nativeRecordCid":"30514d60-fa2c-495d-a17f-6f191a8e716e","documentId":"open-science-source-36","id":"c224","text":"NASA's repository includes a link to the publisher's version of record, which includes information on corrections and retractions.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"NASA repository: version of record link","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"NASA\nofficials noted that within their repository, they include a link to the\npublisher’s version of record, which would include information on corrections\nand retractions.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-36/c225","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/81da096c7e7d4d0b","nativeRecordCid":"505af5d2-0d1c-4f81-bbeb-c2c6567a46f9","documentId":"open-science-source-36","id":"c225","text":"When a USDA-funded article is retracted, the title of the article includes \"RETRACTED\" at the beginning.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"USDA: retracted article titles","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"USDA\nofficials told us that when an article is retracted, the title of the article\nwill include “RETRACTED” at the beginning.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-36/c226","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/5cc861d8d9204282","nativeRecordCid":"9cdcb72b-b841-4d8d-ada7-8e27f9409eba","documentId":"open-science-source-36","id":"c226","text":"USDA has a metadata agreement with several publishers so that when these publishers update posted scholarly publications, the updates are reflected in USDA's repository.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"USDA: metadata agreement with publishers","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Additionally, USDA has a metadata\nagreement with several publishers so that when these publishers update posted\nscholarly publications, these updates are reflected in USDA’s repository.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-36/c227","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/f8eec651eff64c66","nativeRecordCid":"482f758d-887a-469f-b3f7-347914785d98","documentId":"open-science-source-36","id":"c227","text":"If publications that appear in PubMed Central are retracted, NIH creates links in PubMed Central to original publications and to post-publication updates, using information published by the journal.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"NIH: retraction linking practice","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"NIH’s\npolicy states that if publications that appear in PubMed Central are retracted,\nthe agency will create links in PubMed Central to original publications and to\npost-publication updates, using information published by the journal.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-36/c228","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/315ee8f301f847c7","nativeRecordCid":"54393dac-0d27-4d01-99dd-95bae5a56547","documentId":"open-science-source-36","id":"c228","text":"NIH's practice is to mark updated or retracted publications in PubMed Central with a banner and watermark.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"NIH: marking retracted publications","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"NIH’s\npractice is to mark updated or retracted publications in PubMed Central with a\nbanner and watermark (see fig. 9).","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-36/c229","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/3d65d8bc7bc64507","nativeRecordCid":"17245e57-0d89-484d-9f66-b6c3d559ab88","documentId":"open-science-source-36","id":"c229","text":"PubMed Central links to the version of record on the journal website whenever possible.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"PubMed Central: linking to version of record","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"PubMed Central also links to the version of\nrecord on the journal website whenever possible.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-36/c230","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/6c9bdb4d53c94b97","nativeRecordCid":"72771464-31d1-4ab3-a6ff-17de561c2e90","documentId":"open-science-source-36","id":"c230","text":"Selected agencies with public access plans or policies require their funded research results to be deposited into a freely accessible repository under a federal purpose license.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"selected agencies: deposit requirement","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The selected agencies with public access plans or policies\nrequire their funded research results to be deposited into a freely accessible\nrepository under what is referred to as a federal purpose license.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-36/c231","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/7b70635768724b4c","nativeRecordCid":"c38962a8-4ddb-4745-afb6-270fd94bdf85","documentId":"open-science-source-36","id":"c231","text":"Licenses establish the rights of readers of a scholarly publication to reuse the research.","kind":"definitional","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"licenses","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Licenses establish the rights of\nreaders of a scholarly publication to reuse the research.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-36/c232","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/cbfdb13aeb50442a","nativeRecordCid":"6856f1fd-e45f-40e8-b706-3f4739396c7e","documentId":"open-science-source-36","id":"c232","text":"Beyond the deposit requirement, all of the selected agencies offer flexibility by not mandating or stating a preference for a specific license for researchers to use when publishing in a scholarly journal.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"selected agencies: license flexibility","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Beyond this\nrequirement, all of the agencies offer flexibility by not mandating or stating\na preference for a specific license for researchers to use when publishing in a\nscholarly journal.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-36/c233","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/ca1ce0918e2c4bd2","nativeRecordCid":"cce1e6bd-5de0-4671-9112-4dfba21ba61d","documentId":"open-science-source-36","id":"c233","text":"Licenses granted by the publishers of open access publications generally allow for anyone, such as researchers or the public, to read and freely share a publication.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"open access licenses: reading and sharing","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Licenses granted by the publishers of open access\npublications generally allow for anyone, such as researchers or the public, to\nread and freely share a publication, but these licenses can vary in what\nrestrictions are placed on reuse.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-36/c234","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/d4666ef4c8d040e2","nativeRecordCid":"7848969d-0b6f-4d99-b6dc-6c1cda636b3c","documentId":"open-science-source-36","id":"c234","text":"Open access publication licenses can vary in what restrictions are placed on reuse.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"open access licenses: reuse restriction variation","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Licenses granted by the publishers of open access\npublications generally allow for anyone, such as researchers or the public, to\nread and freely share a publication, but these licenses can vary in what\nrestrictions are placed on reuse.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-36/c235","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/8c5bc9e52d43451b","nativeRecordCid":"5a6aed3a-92eb-48b5-80e9-ec0fb5818893","documentId":"open-science-source-36","id":"c235","text":"Publishers may offer researchers any number of Creative Commons or other licenses.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"publishers: number of licenses offered","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Publishers may offer researchers any number of these or other\nlicenses.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-36/c236","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/db187857f2394e08","nativeRecordCid":"7fd8d055-fbe8-4eb5-ba15-ba9f8c6405b3","documentId":"open-science-source-36","id":"c236","text":"Publishers offer a range of licenses for researchers to choose from when making their work open access, largely to meet researcher demand and to align with international funder requirements.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"publishers: range of licenses offered","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Publishers offer a range of licenses for researchers to\nchoose from when making their work open access. This is largely both to meet\nresearcher demand and to align with international funder requirements,\naccording to publishers we spoke with.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-36/c237","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/c45b10e660274aa0","nativeRecordCid":"6bebad1e-32f7-473b-af50-a0401159ceda","documentId":"open-science-source-36","id":"c237","text":"Some international funders of research, in Europe in particular, require the use of certain licenses.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"international funders: license requirements","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Some international funders of research,\nin Europe in particular, require the use of certain licenses.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-36/c238","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/5e6263fbc1cd4541","nativeRecordCid":"00eb5448-7887-4f7f-ab05-b3ecc356b6bc","documentId":"open-science-source-36","id":"c238","text":"When publishing in a subscription journal, authors may need to transfer copyright to the publisher.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"authors: copyright transfer in subscription journals","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"In\ncontrast, when publishing in a subscription journal, authors may need to\ntransfer copyright to the publisher, which can then distribute the publication\nunder a publisher-specific license.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-36/c239","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/ab7634fc380348cb","nativeRecordCid":"8b4acba1-505e-4877-8e7b-df3e4c8e905b","documentId":"open-science-source-36","id":"c239","text":"A publisher that receives a transferred copyright can distribute the publication under a publisher-specific license.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"publishers: distribution under publisher-specific license","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"In\ncontrast, when publishing in a subscription journal, authors may need to\ntransfer copyright to the publisher, which can then distribute the publication\nunder a publisher-specific license.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-36/c240","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/75a4369f196f4227","nativeRecordCid":"bdfbe9b2-e427-41aa-8d8e-f76ce1a9792f","documentId":"open-science-source-36","id":"c240","text":"Licenses for subscription journals are generally more restrictive than open access licenses.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"subscription journal licenses: restrictiveness","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"These\nlicenses for subscription journals are generally more restrictive than open\naccess licenses.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-36/c241","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/e7e336dac89a48ad","nativeRecordCid":"bf37b573-a63e-4906-88ef-6b090e224ea3","documentId":"open-science-source-36","id":"c241","text":"Researchers retain their copyright when publishing with an open access license.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"researchers: copyright retention with OA license","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Researchers retain their copyright when publishing with an\nopen access license, according to publishers.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-36/c242","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/6e03ce8dab204796","nativeRecordCid":"c81c5b50-89fa-4c4a-83ab-4d6f145abe39","documentId":"open-science-source-36","id":"c242","text":"Subscription journal licenses may limit the right to read a scholarly publication to subscribers only.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"subscription journal licenses: reading restriction","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"For example, they may\nlimit the right to read a scholarly publication to subscribers only.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-36/c243","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/92d33ea03b694e6e","nativeRecordCid":"28a601b7-9739-475c-ae92-d2ea7126dd4b","documentId":"open-science-source-36","id":"c243","text":"Researchers vary in their preferences for licenses.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"researchers: license preference variation","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Stakeholders, including publishers and scholarly\nsocieties, told us that researchers vary in their preferences for licenses.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-36/c244","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/fb3a9fb8eff349a3","nativeRecordCid":"8410664f-70ed-41b4-bcc8-5dda3b26f589","documentId":"open-science-source-36","id":"c244","text":"Some researchers prefer less restrictive licenses, such as the Creative Commons Attribution license, so that the research can be built upon and shared as widely as possible.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"researchers: preference for less restrictive licenses","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Some prefer less restrictive licenses—such as the Creative Commons Attribution\nlicense (CC-BY)—so that the research can be built upon and shared as widely as\npossible.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-36/c245","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/c29ffeb25b724a8c","nativeRecordCid":"5ea67578-cf7f-4cff-a924-fef570ce5892","documentId":"open-science-source-36","id":"c245","text":"Web traffic from bots run by AI companies is disrupting scientific journal websites.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"AI company bots: journal website traffic","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Web\ntraffic from bots run by AI companies is disrupting scientific journal\nwebsites, with some publications reporting that their websites are now visited\nby more bots than genuine users, according to Chemical\n& Engineering News.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-36/c246","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/72bdd08964b341a1","nativeRecordCid":"9b62b853-7f9e-4e9a-beb0-4dd058e4914a","documentId":"open-science-source-36","id":"c246","text":"Other researchers prefer more restrictive licenses, such as Attribution-NoDerivatives, because of concerns that less restrictive licenses could result in a scientist's work being misrepresented if reused or adapted to support something the original authors did not intend.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"researchers: preference for more restrictive licenses","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Others want more restrictive licenses—such as\nAttribution-NoDerivatives (CC BY-ND)—because of concerns that using less\nrestrictive licenses could result in a scientists’ work being misrepresented if\nit is reused or adapted to support something that the original authors did not\nintend.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-36/c247","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/3eaecd26923f4b4a","nativeRecordCid":"e4e1a93a-2fcc-474e-814f-7baf8f430c8b","documentId":"open-science-source-36","id":"c247","text":"The rise of generative AI raises new questions on the legal and ethical uncertainty surrounding the reuse of scholarly publications.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"generative AI: legal and ethical questions","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Additionally, the rise of generative AI raises new\nquestions on the legal and ethical uncertainty surrounding the reuse of\nscholarly publications.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-36/c248","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/2a67d94ce47946c9","nativeRecordCid":"db96ab75-1d0a-4249-843d-41f027232e82","documentId":"open-science-source-36","id":"c248","text":"Publicly available information may be subject to copyright protections.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"publicly available information: copyright protection","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"However, because publicly\navailable information may be subject to copyright protections, it is unclear\nwhether this information may be used to train commercial generative AI models\nwithout infringing on copyright protections.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-36/c249","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/093ed93dda274197","nativeRecordCid":"f6a98e7f-e712-46bd-9e46-25c25b37eb1b","documentId":"open-science-source-36","id":"c249","text":"It is unclear whether publicly available information may be used to train commercial generative AI models without infringing on copyright protections.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"publicly available information: use in AI training","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"However, because publicly\navailable information may be subject to copyright protections, it is unclear\nwhether this information may be used to train commercial generative AI models\nwithout infringing on copyright protections.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-36/c250","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/611f4cfbbb3d4eb7","nativeRecordCid":"b338e40b-9077-4012-a881-483ea670c9d3","documentId":"open-science-source-36","id":"c250","text":"Information being publicly available does not mean that the information is within the public domain.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"publicly available information: public domain status","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Information being publicly available does not mean that the information is\nwithin the public domain or not subject to copyright protections.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-36/c251","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/7af19e6c562f4cc3","nativeRecordCid":"7b8e6803-58aa-4033-922e-9359314619a4","documentId":"open-science-source-36","id":"c251","text":"Information being publicly available does not mean that the information is not subject to copyright protections.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"publicly available information: copyright status","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Information being publicly available does not mean that the information is\nwithin the public domain or not subject to copyright protections.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-36/c252","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/b73593c8e5f04099","nativeRecordCid":"523e9a32-c3d5-406f-9f1c-c41934bbd407","documentId":"open-science-source-36","id":"c252","text":"OSTP's 2024 economic analysis on financing mechanisms for open access publishing partially met three of the five key elements for an economic analysis.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"OSTP's 2024 economic analysis","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"We found that the economic analysis in OSTP’s 2024 report\non financing mechanisms for open access publishing partially met three and did\nnot meet two of the five key elements for an economic analysis.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-36/c253","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/fa328cfb0a4746fd","nativeRecordCid":"12bd8ece-3984-4e4b-9df0-d8e87d56fdce","documentId":"open-science-source-36","id":"c253","text":"OSTP's 2024 economic analysis on financing mechanisms for open access publishing did not meet two of the five key elements for an economic analysis.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"OSTP's 2024 economic analysis","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"We found that the economic analysis in OSTP’s 2024 report\non financing mechanisms for open access publishing partially met three and did\nnot meet two of the five key elements for an economic analysis.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-36/c254","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/701c75d9c935487c","nativeRecordCid":"cb9ac7f9-3c68-4095-a936-88bafbbcea2c","documentId":"open-science-source-36","id":"c254","text":"The scope of OSTP's 2024 economic analysis did not address the report's own stated objective of estimating the potential effects of expanding public access on federal research investments.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"OSTP's 2024 economic analysis scope","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Most notably, the scope of the\nanalysis did not address the report’s own stated objective of estimating the\npotential effects of expanding public access on federal research investments.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-36/c255","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/6c90c1a9dbbb47ba","nativeRecordCid":"795c89d0-4534-41cb-8daf-9788ab3b4c64","documentId":"open-science-source-36","id":"c255","text":"The failure of OSTP's 2024 economic analysis to address its stated objective reduces the utility of the report to research agency leadership and Congress as they weigh policy decisions about the future of public access to federal research findings.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"OSTP's 2024 economic analysis","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"This reduces the utility of the report to research agency leadership and\nCongress as they weigh policy decisions about the future of public access to\nfederal research findings.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-36/c256","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/181a956e9bc74b84","nativeRecordCid":"44f2590c-e4c4-43db-b9ad-d4d2495ed238","documentId":"open-science-source-36","id":"c256","text":"An economic analysis is defined as an analysis intended to inform decision-makers and stakeholders about the economic effects of an action.","kind":"definitional","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"economic analysis","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"It defines an economic analysis as an analysis intended to inform\ndecision-makers and stakeholders about the economic effects of an action.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-36/c257","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/e06218a8a3e24561","nativeRecordCid":"c8ea1d29-b1b1-4646-a4da-dac0becdbf02","documentId":"open-science-source-36","id":"c257","text":"An economic analysis may be prospective, examining an action that could be taken.","kind":"definitional","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"economic analysis","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"An\neconomic analysis may be prospective, examining an action that could be taken,","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-36/c258","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/918f3ebd269c467b","nativeRecordCid":"9c8feefb-5abb-4670-8b6e-e051e8694719","documentId":"open-science-source-36","id":"c258","text":"An economic analysis may be retrospective, examining the outcome of an action that has already been taken.","kind":"definitional","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"economic analysis","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"or retrospective, examining the outcome of an action that has already been\ntaken.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-36/c259","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/b01e68bb82344580","nativeRecordCid":"223a45b9-dd0e-474c-8660-1dfc4a2e0b6d","documentId":"open-science-source-36","id":"c259","text":"OSTP's 2024 economic analysis clearly defines its objectives and scope, but the scope was not sufficient to address the objectives.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"OSTP's 2024 economic analysis","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"OSTP’s 2024\neconomic analysis clearly defines its objectives and scope, but the scope was\nnot sufficient to address the objectives.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-36/c260","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/169c07f1c02047ac","nativeRecordCid":"2e7c9fea-388d-4c15-b0fd-38dd5e32a680","documentId":"open-science-source-36","id":"c260","text":"OSTP's objectives were to detail developments in the open access publishing landscape since November 2023, including potential and anticipated effects of the 2022 OSTP memorandum on federal research investments, research integrity, and the peer review process.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"OSTP's 2024 economic analysis objectives","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"OSTP’s objectives were to detail\ndevelopments in the open access publishing landscape since November 2023,\nincluding potential and anticipated effects of the 2022 OSTP memorandum on\nfederal research investments, research integrity, and the peer review process.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-36/c261","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/15517f1b8b364251","nativeRecordCid":"b703d473-a906-4562-8d5b-fc6434d0a78b","documentId":"open-science-source-36","id":"c261","text":"Despite its forward-looking objectives, OSTP's scope was primarily retrospective.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"OSTP's 2024 economic analysis scope","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Despite these forward-looking objectives, OSTP’s scope was primarily\nretrospective.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-36/c262","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/2328e149108c47d4","nativeRecordCid":"16db265d-b5b6-4547-9aa9-717f4295fd60","documentId":"open-science-source-36","id":"c262","text":"OSTP's analysis did not examine the anticipated effects of its 2022 guidance by comparing alternatives.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"OSTP's 2024 economic analysis","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"OSTP’s analysis did not\nexamine the anticipated effects of its 2022 guidance by comparing alternatives.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-36/c263","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/7f61ab85b56a46c6","nativeRecordCid":"24d8a03c-db35-4891-aeff-80e7d712692b","documentId":"open-science-source-36","id":"c263","text":"An economic analysis should examine the effects of the action by comparing alternatives, using one of them as the baseline.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"","subject":"economic analysis methodology","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"An economic analysis should examine the effects of the action by comparing\nalternatives, using one of them as the baseline.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-36/c264","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/c5a8cf5058d8443a","nativeRecordCid":"cb54971d-cb6d-4e36-9bb9-92edf02b1794","documentId":"open-science-source-36","id":"c264","text":"OSTP's analysis included information on past trends in the publishing landscape.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"OSTP's 2024 economic analysis","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"OSTP’s analysis included information\non past trends in the publishing landscape.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-36/c265","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/9611f407064a4406","nativeRecordCid":"d37696bd-0698-44d1-ae43-3afd648975be","documentId":"open-science-source-36","id":"c265","text":"OSTP did not develop a methodology to assess this information and provide a clear picture of how the publishing landscape might differ under the 2022 guidance or other alternatives, such as revoking that guidance.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"OSTP's 2024 economic analysis","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"However, OSTP did not develop a\nmethodology to assess this information and provide a clear picture of how the\npublishing landscape might differ under the 2022 guidance or other\nalternatives, such as revoking that guidance.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-36/c266","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/e5500cba355d4989","nativeRecordCid":"f43b454f-b1ee-4615-86f4-67ed5aff8066","documentId":"open-science-source-36","id":"c266","text":"OSTP's 2024 economic analysis did not quantitatively or qualitatively describe the potential economic effects OSTP outlined in the 2022 guidance.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"OSTP's 2024 economic analysis","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"OSTP’s 2024 economic\nanalysis did not quantitatively or qualitatively describe the potential\neconomic effects OSTP outlined in the 2022 guidance.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-36/c267","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/4fe311683a1642ae","nativeRecordCid":"acc796c4-d5a0-4ec2-8f48-8e64de5705f9","documentId":"open-science-source-36","id":"c267","text":"OSTP did not assess how market dynamics or changes in the behaviors of researchers, publishers, or institutions may affect costs borne by the federal government, including whether federal spending on publication charges is expected to increase, decrease, or stay the same.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"OSTP's 2024 economic analysis","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"OSTP did not assess how\nmarket dynamics or changes in the behaviors of researchers, publishers, or\ninstitutions may affect costs borne by the federal government, including\nwhether federal spending on publication charges is expected to increase,\ndecrease, or stay the same.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-36/c268","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/e407b11da23e4527","nativeRecordCid":"2d1c56f8-d1a2-4082-b87a-e16eecc199bf","documentId":"open-science-source-36","id":"c268","text":"There is a range of economic impacts of the 2022 guidance that will likely affect federal expenditures on publication costs going forward.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"economic impacts of the 2022 guidance","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"There are a range of economic impacts of the guidance that\nwill likely affect federal expenditures on publication costs going forward that\nOSTP could examine.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-36/c269","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/6a65664072dd42da","nativeRecordCid":"541ce959-8e0b-4ce8-8a99-81eab2e37d73","documentId":"open-science-source-36","id":"c269","text":"If publishers no longer offer federally funded researchers no-cost publishing options in response to removal of the 12-month embargo period, a greater portion of federally funded research would incur publication charges under the new guidance.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"publication charges under new guidance","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"If this were to occur, then a\ngreater portion of federally funded research would incur publication charges\nunder the new guidance.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-36/c270","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/5519e5c9e064442d","nativeRecordCid":"2b40f26d-7f9b-4e12-81ab-f36dcc6f82bd","documentId":"open-science-source-36","id":"c270","text":"Past trends show publication charges have been increasing.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"publication charges","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Further, past trends show publication charges have been\nincreasing.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-36/c271","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/b763bf08433941c7","nativeRecordCid":"e8ab04ad-ef63-4ca2-951e-af6eba3676fb","documentId":"open-science-source-36","id":"c271","text":"The selected agencies all allow research grants to cover reasonable publication charges.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"selected agencies' research grants","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Because the selected agencies all allow research grants to cover\nreasonable publication charges, researchers may be more likely to publish in\nopen access journals that include these charges.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-36/c272","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/f2821ffc17ac4dd9","nativeRecordCid":"932cd519-98b3-4da2-b149-c451df2f0894","documentId":"open-science-source-36","id":"c272","text":"Researchers may be more likely to publish in open access journals that include publication charges.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"researchers' publishing choices","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Because the selected agencies all allow research grants to cover\nreasonable publication charges, researchers may be more likely to publish in\nopen access journals that include these charges.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-36/c273","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/5b586f9fa05a45d9","nativeRecordCid":"9811f9fd-e610-4b0e-8dd7-26095530f134","documentId":"open-science-source-36","id":"c273","text":"If researchers prefer to publish in more prestigious journals, researchers may increasingly opt to publish in more expensive journals and pass those costs to the federal government.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"researchers' publishing choices and costs","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"If researchers prefer to\npublish in more prestigious journals—and given that we found that more\nprestigious journals typically have higher publication charges—then researchers\nmay increasingly opt to publish in more expensive journals and pass those costs\nto the federal government.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-36/c274","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/3ea556e903b640a2","nativeRecordCid":"2d6ae512-f96c-4301-8be6-4b5a367ae7db","documentId":"open-science-source-36","id":"c274","text":"More prestigious journals typically have higher publication charges.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"prestigious journals' publication charges","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"and given that we found that more\nprestigious journals typically have higher publication charges—then researchers","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-36/c275","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/ee6f2eeea40d472a","nativeRecordCid":"2eea0501-de68-4521-8d47-1de5bbe1f657","documentId":"open-science-source-36","id":"c275","text":"OSTP discussed its justification of analytical choices and key limitations but did not fully account for how plausible adjustments to its analytical choices and assumptions could affect estimates made in its 2024 economic analysis.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"OSTP's 2024 economic analysis","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"OSTP discussed its\njustification of analytical choices and key limitations but did not fully\naccount for how plausible adjustments to its analytical choices and assumptions\ncould affect estimates made in its 2024 economic analysis.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-36/c276","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/5f572c050abe4a72","nativeRecordCid":"2c9b9d74-2d9f-4681-b001-6ffcb161bd66","documentId":"open-science-source-36","id":"c276","text":"OSTP's discussions primarily focus on the estimate of publication charges paid by federally funded researchers.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"OSTP's 2024 economic analysis discussions","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Its discussions\nprimarily focus on the estimate of publication charges paid by federally funded\nresearchers.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-36/c277","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/44bcc6c59ae24a04","nativeRecordCid":"d960c0ce-8cee-44af-b54a-b24f1b43cb64","documentId":"open-science-source-36","id":"c277","text":"The report described in detail the challenges to estimating the number of federally funded scholarly publications and publication charges.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"OSTP's 2024 economic analysis","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"For limitations, the report described in detail the challenges to\nestimating the number of federally funded scholarly publications and publication\ncharges.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-36/c278","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/26ec1d7acef546f6","nativeRecordCid":"67488209-67c7-4053-b1cf-5380b82aceab","documentId":"open-science-source-36","id":"c278","text":"Databases vary in which journals they include.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"databases","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"For example, the report stated that databases vary in which journals\nthey include, and the databases interpret data on scholarly publication funding\nsources differently.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-36/c279","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/98c804393b324cc6","nativeRecordCid":"6401cf75-2a5e-42b0-8e64-3362ff9e26d7","documentId":"open-science-source-36","id":"c279","text":"Databases interpret data on scholarly publication funding sources differently.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"databases","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"For example, the report stated that databases vary in which journals\nthey include, and the databases interpret data on scholarly publication funding\nsources differently.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-36/c280","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/3a0b3540b5c54605","nativeRecordCid":"76c766ac-767b-4bdf-afb2-8b196ebb639b","documentId":"open-science-source-36","id":"c280","text":"OSTP partially accounts for database variability by using several databases to count scholarly publications.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"OSTP's 2024 economic analysis","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"OSTP partially accounts for this by using several\ndatabases to count scholarly publications.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-36/c281","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/dc5a176262e24e60","nativeRecordCid":"e31e54bc-aa71-49bf-8ac1-aeec7b5b8d81","documentId":"open-science-source-36","id":"c281","text":"OSTP's estimates of publication charges did not account for variability in what authors pay, including discounts or waivers resulting from transformative agreements, because of a lack of available data on this variation.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"OSTP's publication charge estimates","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"However, OSTP’s report states that\nits estimates of publication charges did not account for variability in what\nauthors pay (including discounts or waivers resulting from transformative\nagreements) because of a lack of available data on this variation.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-36/c282","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/8994b12b83c3486d","nativeRecordCid":"2890dc32-7578-462f-bc75-57d8c3455f5d","documentId":"open-science-source-36","id":"c282","text":"OSTP did not fully assess how variability in what authors pay could affect its estimates.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"OSTP's publication charge estimates","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"OSTP did not\nfully assess how this variability could affect its estimates, meaning actual\nspending could have been different than what OSTP estimated.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-36/c283","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/f4706c86c612432d","nativeRecordCid":"05d2b92a-2d4a-4b62-870e-3d42215c7c1e","documentId":"open-science-source-36","id":"c283","text":"Actual spending could have been different than what OSTP estimated.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"actual publication spending","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"OSTP did not\nfully assess how this variability could affect its estimates, meaning actual\nspending could have been different than what OSTP estimated.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-36/c284","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/22aafec189204e30","nativeRecordCid":"73f3bf63-655e-4535-baef-83174e5466e1","documentId":"open-science-source-36","id":"c284","text":"OSTP's failure to assess this variability limits the reader's ability to understand how reliable OSTP's estimates are.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"OSTP's publication charge estimates","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"This limits the reader’s ability to\nunderstand how reliable OSTP’s estimates are and how to use them.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-36/c285","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/5d948278c0a7480f","nativeRecordCid":"86274f76-653f-4b9e-89c6-0fb392fee008","documentId":"open-science-source-36","id":"c285","text":"OSTP's failure to assess this variability limits the reader's ability to understand how to use OSTP's estimates.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"OSTP's publication charge estimates","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"This limits the reader’s ability to\nunderstand how reliable OSTP’s estimates are and how to use them.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-36/c286","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/f8666f1b18ed4068","nativeRecordCid":"ea10d7ba-7288-4226-8dad-fadf183befbf","documentId":"open-science-source-36","id":"c286","text":"OSTP's 2024 economic analysis is clearly written, but OSTP presented few conclusions that address the stated objectives.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"OSTP's 2024 economic analysis","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"OSTP’s 2024 economic\nanalysis is clearly written, but OSTP presented few conclusions that address\nthe stated objectives.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-36/c287","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/878b429e90f84a05","nativeRecordCid":"283449a5-27b4-4a33-a5b4-5bb832598661","documentId":"open-science-source-36","id":"c287","text":"The analysis that OSTP conducted was primarily retrospective, making it difficult to form appropriate conclusions about potential effects of the 2022 guidance.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"OSTP's 2024 economic analysis","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The analysis that OSTP conducted was primarily\nretrospective, making it difficult to form appropriate conclusions about\npotential effects of the 2022 guidance.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-36/c288","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/396dc1235d4a4b24","nativeRecordCid":"887dc075-f970-4798-b283-c24051fbf288","documentId":"open-science-source-36","id":"c288","text":"There is no clear explanation for how the report's finding on publication charges as a percentage of the federal R&D budget relates to the anticipated effects of the 2022 policy.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"OSTP's 2024 economic analysis conclusions","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"For example, the report concluded that\npublication charges ranged from 0.09 to 0.25 percent of the federal R&D\nbudget, but there is no clear explanation for how these values relate to the\nanticipated effects of the 2022 policy.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-36/c289","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/6edbf2b3ec1d4fd8","nativeRecordCid":"b8a38f5c-41c7-4b82-a709-cdc8d3f8c7ca","documentId":"open-science-source-36","id":"c289","text":"OSTP's analysis provides an incomplete projection of the potential effects of its 2022 public access guidance.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"OSTP's 2024 economic analysis","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Overall, OSTP’s analysis provides an incomplete projection\nof the potential effects of its 2022 public access guidance and falls short of\nsupporting evidence-based decision-making.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-36/c290","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/3de71409f28141cd","nativeRecordCid":"4dd8f731-083b-4e0b-8a32-e890293bf0a1","documentId":"open-science-source-36","id":"c290","text":"OSTP's analysis falls short of supporting evidence-based decision-making.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"OSTP's 2024 economic analysis","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Overall, OSTP’s analysis provides an incomplete projection\nof the potential effects of its 2022 public access guidance and falls short of\nsupporting evidence-based decision-making.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-36/c291","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/3658ac0b5ada41bd","nativeRecordCid":"155c1b5f-d229-4e1b-bca7-f0faa33ceb6e","documentId":"open-science-source-36","id":"c291","text":"OSTP's analysis offers little interpretation of its findings in terms of their implications to the federal government and the publishing industry.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"OSTP's 2024 economic analysis","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"This deficiency arose because the\nanalysis was not appropriately scoped to address its objectives and offers\nlittle interpretation of its findings in terms of their implications to the\nfederal government and the publishing industry.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-36/c292","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/574031965dd747eb","nativeRecordCid":"0ad77d04-14db-4591-9846-c0a0810b9873","documentId":"open-science-source-36","id":"c292","text":"Further analysis, such as on whether spending on publication charges is expected to increase, decrease, or stay the same, should be provided by OSTP to better inform agencies as they begin to implement their public access policies.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"OSTP","subject":"further economic analysis by OSTP","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Providing further analysis—such\nas whether spending on publication charges are expected to increase, decrease,\nor stay the same—would better inform agencies as they begin to implement their\npublic access policies.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-36/c293","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/4ee4b49ff31b46e8","nativeRecordCid":"aab96703-8200-420d-9179-4c6ae1fe932a","documentId":"open-science-source-36","id":"c293","text":"Public access to federally funded research has traditionally been restricted by subscription paywalls.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"public access to federally funded research","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Public access to federally funded research has\ntraditionally been restricted by subscription paywalls.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-36/c294","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/9254a5ddefcb453c","nativeRecordCid":"7a90c85a-1624-4e94-8187-41820325ea0d","documentId":"open-science-source-36","id":"c294","text":"All of the selected R&D funding agencies have begun or intend to adopt new public access plans or policies to provide immediate and free access to the public.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"selected R&D funding agencies' public access plans","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"All of the selected\nR&D funding agencies have begun or intend to adopt new public access plans\nor policies to provide immediate and free access to the public.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-36/c295","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/df0df10880494a77","nativeRecordCid":"f3e529ce-f408-48e8-8879-f9b9a6036b86","documentId":"open-science-source-36","id":"c295","text":"Expanded public access to federally funded research under these policies may help support innovation in areas of interest to the selected agencies.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"expanded public access to federally funded research","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Expanded public\naccess to federally funded research under these policies may help support\ninnovation in areas of interest to the selected agencies.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-36/c296","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/2c98f31347c849c9","nativeRecordCid":"8fad5d70-c114-4416-a24c-499d72c7b97d","documentId":"open-science-source-36","id":"c296","text":"Five of the seven selected agencies—DOD, DOE, NASA, NIH, and SSA—fully met OSTP's guidance for scholarly publications.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"selected agencies' compliance with OSTP guidance","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Of the seven selected agencies we were able to assess,\nfive—DOD, DOE, NASA, NIH, and SSA—fully met OSTP’s guidance for scholarly\npublications,","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-36/c297","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/6556cc67fd254376","nativeRecordCid":"7714dad3-13a1-4609-89db-b5a7fe0b5d6c","documentId":"open-science-source-36","id":"c297","text":"USDA's and NSF's plans did not fully align with OSTP's guidance.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"USDA and NSF public access plans","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"while USDA’s and NSF’s plans did not fully align with the\nguidance.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-36/c298","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/432e8c6cdbed437d","nativeRecordCid":"4e3add32-97e5-4fcb-9ffc-02469a84494a","documentId":"open-science-source-36","id":"c298","text":"Assuming historical patterns continue, the agencies' new policies and publishers' responses to them are expected to result in significant publishing cost growth for the agencies.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"agencies' publishing cost growth","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Assuming historical patterns continue, we expect the agencies’ new\npolicies and publishers’ responses to them to result in significant publishing\ncost growth—potentially billions of dollars over the next 5 years—for the\nagencies.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-36/c299","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/a830a8bd435f445f","nativeRecordCid":"b176206d-87fd-49e8-b828-49637319cef2","documentId":"open-science-source-36","id":"c299","text":"Only one agency, NIH, planned to manage these potential cost increases.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"agencies' planning for cost increases","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"However, only one agency (NIH) planned to manage these potential cost\nincreases.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-36/c300","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/62def8c55fc04df7","nativeRecordCid":"cef37e97-474b-40eb-80d6-b2d449f45db5","documentId":"open-science-source-36","id":"c300","text":"Selected agencies should plan for potential publishing cost increases to better manage potential effects on their research efforts and budgets.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"selected agencies","subject":"agencies' planning for cost increases","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Planning for these costs would better enable selected agencies to\nmanage potential effects on their research efforts and budgets.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-36/c301","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/47f2ef6d44ff4fe8","nativeRecordCid":"a3fbe094-0a15-444a-bb83-064d74b98a31","documentId":"open-science-source-36","id":"c301","text":"Further economic analysis could help the agencies better understand the cost implications of their public access policies.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"further economic analysis","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"This information could help the agencies better understand the cost\nimplications of their public access policies.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-36/c302","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/2598d22ad94649c7","nativeRecordCid":"e0cb4071-94e1-4bb7-8dc5-739c2fdd4350","documentId":"open-science-source-36","id":"c302","text":"NSF's public access policy should address the prerequisites needed to make publications publicly available by default.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"Director of NSF","subject":"NSF public access policy","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The Director of NSF, in finalizing the public access\npolicy, should ensure that the policy addresses: (1) the prerequisites needed\nto make publications publicly available by default, (2) use or re-use rights,\nand (3) which restrictions, such as attribution, apply to publicly accessible\nscholarly publications funded by the agency.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-36/c303","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/25015bad3e524c36","nativeRecordCid":"1b2d3cf0-8911-42bf-8dff-c05187e8932a","documentId":"open-science-source-36","id":"c303","text":"NSF's public access policy should address use or re-use rights.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"Director of NSF","subject":"NSF public access policy","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The Director of NSF, in finalizing the public access\npolicy, should ensure that the policy addresses: (1) the prerequisites needed\nto make publications publicly available by default, (2) use or re-use rights,\nand (3) which restrictions, such as attribution, apply to publicly accessible\nscholarly publications funded by the agency.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-36/c304","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/f2cca9207572484c","nativeRecordCid":"12987ccc-525f-455a-9c80-10405d77bc4d","documentId":"open-science-source-36","id":"c304","text":"NSF's public access policy should address which restrictions, such as attribution, apply to publicly accessible scholarly publications funded by the agency.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"Director of NSF","subject":"NSF public access policy","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The Director of NSF, in finalizing the public access\npolicy, should ensure that the policy addresses: (1) the prerequisites needed\nto make publications publicly available by default, (2) use or re-use rights,\nand (3) which restrictions, such as attribution, apply to publicly accessible\nscholarly publications funded by the agency.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-36/c305","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/0667497c5b954816","nativeRecordCid":"c5760cc3-19bc-49c6-9951-05d0c24fc695","documentId":"open-science-source-36","id":"c305","text":"USDA's public access policy should address use or re-use rights for its funded scholarly publications.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"Secretary of Agriculture","subject":"USDA public access policy","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The Secretary of Agriculture, in finalizing the agency’s\npublic access policy, should ensure that the policy addresses use or re-use\nrights for its funded scholarly publications.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-36/c306","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/c8c3df9cddd347ad","nativeRecordCid":"61e613cc-0d98-4ce8-ad8a-1ed7fd06d626","documentId":"open-science-source-36","id":"c306","text":"DOD should conduct an analysis of how its research efforts and budget may be affected by expected expenditure increases resulting from its December 2024 public access plan.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"Secretary of Defense","subject":"DOD analysis of cost impacts","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The Secretary of Defense should conduct an analysis of how\nthe agency’s research efforts and budget may be affected by expected\nexpenditure increases resulting from its December 2024 public access plan and\nupdate the plan as appropriate.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-36/c307","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/e277279a016f499a","nativeRecordCid":"7dad738c-bb03-4a38-8233-03b261a08e29","documentId":"open-science-source-36","id":"c307","text":"DOD should update its December 2024 public access plan as appropriate.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"Secretary of Defense","subject":"DOD public access plan","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The Secretary of Defense should conduct an analysis of how\nthe agency’s research efforts and budget may be affected by expected\nexpenditure increases resulting from its December 2024 public access plan and\nupdate the plan as appropriate.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-36/c308","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/7aac47686a894ff0","nativeRecordCid":"dbe6de67-610e-4b17-949f-bacde2959199","documentId":"open-science-source-36","id":"c308","text":"DOE should conduct an analysis of how its research efforts and budget may be affected by expected expenditure increases resulting from its October 2024 public access policy.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"Secretary of Energy","subject":"DOE analysis of cost impacts","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The Secretary of Energy should conduct an analysis of how\nthe agency’s research efforts and budget may be affected by expected\nexpenditure increases resulting from its October 2024 public access policy and\nupdate the policy as appropriate.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-36/c309","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/efc7739fecf04767","nativeRecordCid":"dbc9ac90-4361-45be-bb12-863234805f48","documentId":"open-science-source-36","id":"c309","text":"DOE should update its October 2024 public access policy as appropriate.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"Secretary of Energy","subject":"DOE public access policy","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The Secretary of Energy should conduct an analysis of how\nthe agency’s research efforts and budget may be affected by expected\nexpenditure increases resulting from its October 2024 public access policy and\nupdate the policy as appropriate.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-36/c310","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/f10918869b6c493b","nativeRecordCid":"6537ff1e-b7d2-4590-95bc-e3e4674d2602","documentId":"open-science-source-36","id":"c310","text":"DOT should conduct an analysis of how its research efforts and budget may be affected by expected expenditure increases resulting from its forthcoming public access policy.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"Secretary of Transportation","subject":"DOT analysis of cost impacts","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The Secretary of Transportation should conduct an analysis\nof how the agency’s research efforts and budget may be affected by expected\nexpenditure increases resulting from its forthcoming public access policy and\nupdate the policy as appropriate.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-36/c311","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/83a38d1b43c348a2","nativeRecordCid":"2ab3032b-5ae4-4eec-9573-fe9b247ed522","documentId":"open-science-source-36","id":"c311","text":"DOT should update its forthcoming public access policy as appropriate.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"Secretary of Transportation","subject":"DOT public access policy","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The Secretary of Transportation should conduct an analysis\nof how the agency’s research efforts and budget may be affected by expected\nexpenditure increases resulting from its forthcoming public access policy and\nupdate the policy as appropriate.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-36/c312","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/bf0b5f2a04984856","nativeRecordCid":"bb93511b-06f3-454c-b9db-c3d06eb222ec","documentId":"open-science-source-36","id":"c312","text":"NASA should conduct an analysis of how its research efforts and budget may be affected by expected expenditure increases resulting from its November 2024 public access plan.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"Administrator of NASA","subject":"NASA analysis of cost impacts","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The Administrator of NASA should conduct an analysis of\nhow the agency’s research efforts and budget may be affected by expected\nexpenditure increases resulting from its November 2024 public access plan and\nupdate the plan as appropriate.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-36/c313","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/5419925306fd4d90","nativeRecordCid":"8f835b2f-aa5b-4a8c-8611-d4716a73383c","documentId":"open-science-source-36","id":"c313","text":"NASA should update its November 2024 public access plan as appropriate.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"Administrator of NASA","subject":"NASA public access plan","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The Administrator of NASA should conduct an analysis of\nhow the agency’s research efforts and budget may be affected by expected\nexpenditure increases resulting from its November 2024 public access plan and\nupdate the plan as appropriate.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-36/c314","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/8f67b71b391b4b9b","nativeRecordCid":"c23ec07e-f192-41df-acda-75b46be98fd6","documentId":"open-science-source-36","id":"c314","text":"NSF should conduct an analysis of how its research efforts and budget may be affected by expected expenditure increases.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"Director of NSF","subject":"NSF analysis of cost impacts","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The Director of NSF should conduct an analysis of how the\nagency’s research efforts and budget may be affected by expected expenditure\nincreases resulting and ensure its forthcoming public access policy reflects\nthe results of the analysis.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-36/c315","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/795d804bddc54379","nativeRecordCid":"ec1e450d-40a2-46b3-baab-13b7b714ec75","documentId":"open-science-source-36","id":"c315","text":"NSF should ensure its forthcoming public access policy reflects the results of the analysis.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"Director of NSF","subject":"NSF public access policy","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The Director of NSF should conduct an analysis of how the\nagency’s research efforts and budget may be affected by expected expenditure\nincreases resulting and ensure its forthcoming public access policy reflects\nthe results of the analysis.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-36/c316","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/949339e96ca14a1f","nativeRecordCid":"c7785ac2-35be-484a-b7b6-1e685c760b7e","documentId":"open-science-source-36","id":"c316","text":"NRC should develop a plan to analyze how its research efforts and budget may be affected by its forthcoming public access plan.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"Chairman of NRC","subject":"NRC analysis of cost impacts","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The Chairman of NRC should develop a plan to analyze how\nthe agency’s research efforts and budget may be affected by its forthcoming\npublic access plan.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-36/c317","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/f3f9a227a42444db","nativeRecordCid":"b681032d-4ea0-49bd-9245-8dc038e642ad","documentId":"open-science-source-36","id":"c317","text":"SSA should conduct an analysis of how its research efforts and budget may be affected by expected expenditure increases resulting from its December 2023 public access plan.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"Commissioner of SSA","subject":"SSA analysis of cost impacts","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The Commissioner of SSA should conduct an analysis of how\nthe agency’s research efforts and budget may be affected by expected\nexpenditure increases resulting from its December 2023 public access plan and\nupdate the plan as appropriate.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-36/c318","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/74a7a274e2de463a","nativeRecordCid":"b3e0f017-ac0e-414c-a43e-2e726acafcc1","documentId":"open-science-source-36","id":"c318","text":"SSA should update its December 2023 public access plan as appropriate.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"Commissioner of SSA","subject":"SSA public access plan","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The Commissioner of SSA should conduct an analysis of how\nthe agency’s research efforts and budget may be affected by expected\nexpenditure increases resulting from its December 2023 public access plan and\nupdate the plan as appropriate.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-36/c319","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/68b4b237f76b4ff6","nativeRecordCid":"0c23ba4b-fb3b-4bc8-a6f5-af78f66eef7e","documentId":"open-science-source-36","id":"c319","text":"USDA should conduct an analysis of how its research efforts and budget may be affected by expected expenditure increases.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"Secretary of Agriculture","subject":"USDA analysis of cost impacts","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The Secretary of Agriculture should conduct an analysis of\nhow the agency’s research efforts and budget may be affected by expected\nexpenditure increases and ensure its forthcoming public access policy reflects\nthe results of the analysis.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-36/c320","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/095cc7feee3c44c3","nativeRecordCid":"b1c1ae5d-a37d-42d4-bd79-a23ec9dfc38d","documentId":"open-science-source-36","id":"c320","text":"USDA should ensure its forthcoming public access policy reflects the results of the analysis.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"Secretary of Agriculture","subject":"USDA public access policy","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The Secretary of Agriculture should conduct an analysis of\nhow the agency’s research efforts and budget may be affected by expected\nexpenditure increases and ensure its forthcoming public access policy reflects\nthe results of the analysis.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-36/c321","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/7718217a7cdd4796","nativeRecordCid":"bd8411b0-69ab-4cd7-a613-95fbf001e7f4","documentId":"open-science-source-36","id":"c321","text":"OSTP should conduct an analysis on the potential effects of its 2022 guidance.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"Director of OSTP","subject":"OSTP analysis of 2022 guidance","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The Director of OSTP should conduct an analysis on the\npotential effects of its 2022 guidance and ensure this analysis aligns with GAO’s\nkey elements of an economic analysis.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-36/c322","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/38ecc48d0cb84f2c","nativeRecordCid":"6ad81ce7-87b0-403f-806d-da878a63c8ea","documentId":"open-science-source-36","id":"c322","text":"OSTP should ensure this analysis aligns with GAO's key elements of an economic analysis.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"Director of OSTP","subject":"OSTP analysis of 2022 guidance","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The Director of OSTP should conduct an analysis on the\npotential effects of its 2022 guidance and ensure this analysis aligns with GAO’s\nkey elements of an economic analysis.","representedInStars":false}
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{"key":"open-science-source-36/c376","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/7587483c5a394334","nativeRecordCid":"453b0bda-40a1-4413-a0ca-2f7b0b41ea98","documentId":"open-science-source-36","id":"c376","text":"There are many non-governmental preprint repositories available today.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"preprint repositories","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"There are many non-governmental\npreprint repositories available today, such as Cornell University’s arXiv,\nwhich provides free access for researchers to deposit and the public to read\npreprints in physics, mathematics, and other fields.","representedInStars":false}
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{"key":"open-science-source-36/c388","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/3591767dcee346f9","nativeRecordCid":"849d1bbf-65a8-4785-a7f8-a9faddf8f1aa","documentId":"open-science-source-36","id":"c388","text":"Publishers typically issue a notice and mark retracted scholarly publications.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"publishers' retraction practice","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Publishers typically issue a\nnotice and mark retracted scholarly publications but leave them accessible to\nmaintain the scholarly record.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-36/c389","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/47afd33398624f39","nativeRecordCid":"0b21b98e-090b-4cb6-83db-2fc796982d65","documentId":"open-science-source-36","id":"c389","text":"Publishers typically leave retracted scholarly publications accessible to maintain the scholarly record.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"publishers' retraction practice","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Publishers typically issue a\nnotice and mark retracted scholarly publications but leave them accessible to\nmaintain the scholarly record.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-36/c390","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/fce1f254ab214ba5","nativeRecordCid":"2eb64109-43cd-496c-81f9-ee22140cd617","documentId":"open-science-source-36","id":"c390","text":"Rarely, publishers can completely remove an article for reasons such as defamation or if the publication could pose a serious health risk.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"publishers' removal of articles","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Rarely, publishers can completely remove an\narticle for reasons such as defamation or if the publication could pose a\nserious health risk.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-36/c391","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/a4312f3a561d4e9a","nativeRecordCid":"44547cb1-6ab9-41a5-bc9a-1ea465ad23c1","documentId":"open-science-source-36","id":"c391","text":"The Center for Scientific Integrity's mission is to promote transparency and integrity in science and scientific publishing.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"Center for Scientific Integrity's mission","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The Center’s mission is to promote transparency\nand integrity in science and scientific publishing, and to disseminate\nbest practices and increase efficiency in science.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-36/c392","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/3b32fe303e374b45","nativeRecordCid":"f2ca711e-b68c-4f2f-b978-40d11d0f9b2c","documentId":"open-science-source-36","id":"c392","text":"The Center for Scientific Integrity's mission is to disseminate best practices and increase efficiency in science.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"Center for Scientific Integrity's mission","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The Center’s mission is to promote transparency\nand integrity in science and scientific publishing, and to disseminate\nbest practices and increase efficiency in science.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-36/c393","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/c26e42ed206742c3","nativeRecordCid":"b8984857-cf43-41d3-9f9a-0da99f29a993","documentId":"open-science-source-36","id":"c393","text":"Retraction Watch is a freely available database of retractions and information on related publishing topics.","kind":"definitional","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"Retraction Watch","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Retraction\nWatch is a freely available database of retractions and information on related\npublishing topics.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-36/c394","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/609841750bb44b40","nativeRecordCid":"c43b6829-2017-41a2-94c5-a7369310d495","documentId":"open-science-source-36","id":"c394","text":"The Center for Scientific Integrity is a nonprofit organization that manages Retraction Watch.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"Center for Scientific Integrity","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The Center for Scientific Integrity is a nonprofit organization\nthat manages Retraction Watch.","representedInStars":false}
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{"key":"open-science-source-36/c410","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/38a0c627fb244a23","nativeRecordCid":"b900b8bf-37c7-4913-94ae-6598cb9a94ee","documentId":"open-science-source-36","id":"c410","text":"Plan S aims to make all research funded by public or private grants provided by national, regional and international research councils and funding bodies immediately accessible to the public upon publication.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"Plan S initiative's aim","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The\ninitiative aimed to make all research “funded by public or private grants\nprovided by national, regional and international research councils and funding\nbodies” immediately accessible to the public upon publication.","representedInStars":false}
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{"key":"open-science-source-36/c413","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/d465d002eda14c39","nativeRecordCid":"92d3bc53-6962-4047-9d9f-f0447bdcc175","documentId":"open-science-source-36","id":"c413","text":"Because fully open access publishers have no existing subscription agreement, any open access agreement they establish would not result in fund reallocation in the same way a transformative agreement would.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"fully open access publishers' fund reallocation","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"However, because there is no existing subscription agreement, this would\nnot result in fund reallocation in the same way a transformative agreement\nwould.","representedInStars":false}
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{"key":"open-science-source-37-c1/c12","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/06960cefa41c417b","nativeRecordCid":"634f7bd0-08f7-48aa-a2bc-14d14d608a5f","documentId":"open-science-source-37-c1","id":"c12","text":"Providing funding to kick-start new initiatives could enable individuals and institutions to test and evaluate new approaches.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"funding to kick-start new initiatives","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"However, providing funding to kick-start new initiatives could enable individuals and institutions to test and evaluate new approaches, and if successful develop cases for long-term sustainability, and gather evidence to convince the relevant stakeholders to commit to structural funding.","representedInStars":false}
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{"key":"open-science-source-37-c1/c20","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/55d1378d8084440a","nativeRecordCid":"defa04ba-dc01-48aa-8e7f-032d9c103cff","documentId":"open-science-source-37-c1","id":"c20","text":"Capacity building initiatives provide much needed training and support to navigate the technical, legal, social, cultural and ethical aspects of open science.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"capacity building initiatives","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Capacity building initiatives provide much needed training and support to navigate the technical, legal, social, cultural and ethical aspects of open science, thereby enabling communities to overcome barriers and embrace new approaches.","representedInStars":true}
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{"key":"open-science-source-37-c1/c22","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/e93dbe295e284a1e","nativeRecordCid":"ef7724e7-fef1-46c6-a231-c76ddb942996","documentId":"open-science-source-37-c1","id":"c22","text":"Capacity building strengthens the foundations of sustainable open science ecosystems.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"capacity building","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Ultimately, capacity building strengthens the foundations of sustainable open science ecosystems, which encompass not only specific research outputs (publications, data software and non-traditional research output, such as creative works, policy reports, etc.), but also research processes, infrastructures and research cultures.","representedInStars":false}
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{"key":"open-science-source-37-c1/c24","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/7294cbb11827472b","nativeRecordCid":"dcf078c9-7002-43c0-8c2c-5f5d3e60d69e","documentId":"open-science-source-37-c1","id":"c24","text":"Sustainable open science ecosystems encompass research processes.","kind":"definitional","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"sustainable open science ecosystems","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Ultimately, capacity building strengthens the foundations of sustainable open science ecosystems, which encompass not only specific research outputs (publications, data software and non-traditional research output, such as creative works, policy reports, etc.), but also research processes, infrastructures and research cultures.","representedInStars":false}
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{"key":"open-science-source-37-c1/c30","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/6469761271b04ab0","nativeRecordCid":"15f7396d-dc51-4545-97e1-89a77231f45a","documentId":"open-science-source-37-c1","id":"c30","text":"Ensuring that training to become a data professional is available is the first step towards increasing the number of data professionals.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"training availability for data professionals","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The first step towards increasing the number of data professionals is to ensure that training to become such a professional is available.","representedInStars":false}
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{"key":"open-science-source-37-c1/c36","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/9fc8e6e7fff14e3c","nativeRecordCid":"7d8545ce-6184-475a-a6f3-63892529929a","documentId":"open-science-source-37-c1","id":"c36","text":"Connecting the community of data professionals with the organisations providing them with training ensures ongoing feedback between them.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"connecting data professionals and training organisations","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Connecting the community of data professionals with the organisations providing them with training also ensures ongoing feedback and active development of training resources.","representedInStars":false}
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{"key":"open-science-source-37-c1/c39","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/79adf64182744e7c","nativeRecordCid":"4c0259c9-985e-4c0d-9640-e404a7a73b09","documentId":"open-science-source-37-c1","id":"c39","text":"Accredited curriculum refers to a skills development programme which has received official recognition and approval from relevant authorities, ensuring its quality and adherence to established standards.","kind":"definitional","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"accredited curriculum","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Accredited curriculum refers to a skills development programme which has received official recognition and approval from relevant authorities, ensuring its quality and adherence to established standards.","representedInStars":false}
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{"key":"open-science-source-37-c1/c41","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/104b087f7dad4572","nativeRecordCid":"d186ba14-62fa-463c-a9ef-2b74a0a6bb11","documentId":"open-science-source-37-c1","id":"c41","text":"The curriculum developed under this funding must align with the international work in this area.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"the curriculum developed under this funding","subject":"curriculum alignment with international work","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Furthermore, the curriculum developed as a result of this funding must align with the international work in this area and with domain- and discipline-specific training developed and delivered by the three thematic digital competence centres (TDCCs).","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-37-c1/c42","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/69cbbf2bbd3f4deb","nativeRecordCid":"ff6667d5-f27e-4a6d-8067-9ab5ef035e98","documentId":"open-science-source-37-c1","id":"c42","text":"The curriculum developed under this funding must align with domain- and discipline-specific training developed and delivered by the three thematic digital competence centres (TDCCs).","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"the curriculum developed under this funding","subject":"curriculum alignment with TDCC training","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Furthermore, the curriculum developed as a result of this funding must align with the international work in this area and with domain- and discipline-specific training developed and delivered by the three thematic digital competence centres (TDCCs).","representedInStars":false}
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{"key":"open-science-source-37-c1/c46","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/d7353bb94b1d4e14","nativeRecordCid":"75963c4b-e7c7-473d-8667-d1e7e1dfbaf7","documentId":"open-science-source-37-c1","id":"c46","text":"Research is becoming increasingly reliant on computational methods.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"research and computational methods","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Firstly, as research becomes increasingly reliant on computational methods, there is a need for a larger number of researchers with sufficient digital and computational expertise to make a maximum contribution to, and profit from, the use of open research software.","representedInStars":true}
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{"key":"open-science-source-37-c1/c61","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/c1c63a1f00804393","nativeRecordCid":"4545cc5f-c611-4136-86c3-e346b41d8d53","documentId":"open-science-source-37-c1","id":"c61","text":"The Netherlands eScience Center already develops training materials and delivers courses for researchers and research support staff at Dutch research institutions.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"Netherlands eScience Center training activity","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Through their collaboration with The Carpentries – an internationally renowned coding and data science skills organisation – the Netherlands eScience Center already develops training materials and delivers courses for researchers and research support staff at Dutch research institutions.","representedInStars":false}
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{"key":"open-science-source-37-c1/c68","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/86584ee6d651435f","nativeRecordCid":"a1a64257-5073-411f-8c77-7dc0a6d894dd","documentId":"open-science-source-37-c1","id":"c68","text":"In the Netherlands, structural embedding of participatory research practices for societal engagement, science communication and citizen science within knowledge institutions is often weak or only starting.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"structural embedding of participatory practices in NL","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"In the Netherlands, structural embedding of participatory research practices for societal engagement, science communication and citizen science within knowledge institutions is often weak or only starting.","representedInStars":false}
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{"key":"open-science-source-37-c1/c71","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/b318ee739f9a4bcc","nativeRecordCid":"6318302c-aab6-46d8-8b3f-a5043c9535e2","documentId":"open-science-source-37-c1","id":"c71","text":"Citizen science and societal engagement share similar challenges.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"citizen science and societal engagement challenges","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"However, they are often focusing on either citizen science or societal engagement (including science communication), whereas it has been convincingly argued that citizen science and societal engagement share similar challenges and often require similar expertise.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-37-c1/c72","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/c4106d8850714301","nativeRecordCid":"f1cb1ad9-465f-4dad-95dc-5a7cb6a2a56a","documentId":"open-science-source-37-c1","id":"c72","text":"Citizen science and societal engagement often require similar expertise.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"citizen science and societal engagement expertise","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"However, they are often focusing on either citizen science or societal engagement (including science communication), whereas it has been convincingly argued that citizen science and societal engagement share similar challenges and often require similar expertise.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-37-c1/c73","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/4b2f9535f77a4e72","nativeRecordCid":"8cd64e32-943f-4760-aef2-17deccf20fa6","documentId":"open-science-source-37-c1","id":"c73","text":"The Citizen Science Center Zurich bundles citizen science and societal engagement expertise under one roof.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"Citizen Science Center Zurich","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Internationally, the Citizen Science Center Zurich is an example of a local hub which bundles citizen science and societal engagement expertise under one roof.","representedInStars":false}
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{"key":"open-science-source-37-c1/c116","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/13c4910f275f4837","nativeRecordCid":"d734204a-9321-4778-8282-6491723c30fe","documentId":"open-science-source-37-c1","id":"c116","text":"There are several national and European platforms dedicated to bundling information on specific topics.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"national and European platforms","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Besides the EOSC, there are several national and European platforms dedicated to bundling information on specific topics, including Publinova (NL) and eu.citizen-science (EU), whose work can be built upon.","representedInStars":false}
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{"key":"open-science-source-37-c1/c119","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/4e710f101e7f4ed4","nativeRecordCid":"194ca612-66c8-4ec9-9d56-78ac64fc6f74","documentId":"open-science-source-37-c1","id":"c119","text":"Replicable research means that the same results are obtained when new data is collected and analysed again with the same methods and protocols.","kind":"definitional","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"replicable research","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"If research is robust, results of studies should be both reproducible (the same results are obtained when the same data is re-analysed) and replicable (the same results are obtained when new data is collected and analysed again with the same methods and protocols).","representedInStars":true}
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{"key":"open-science-source-37-c1/c124","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/370c06250d6d454f","nativeRecordCid":"70b65ccf-8bbf-4ccf-aa69-468dde130ddf","documentId":"open-science-source-37-c1","id":"c124","text":"Enhancing reproducibility and replicability increases public trust in science.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"reproducibility and replicability","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"In addition, enhancing reproducibility and replicability increases public trust in science.","representedInStars":true}
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{"key":"open-science-source-37-c1/c129","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/c3cc2646670a466b","nativeRecordCid":"673169b0-9a97-4f1d-98e5-bb49e5ffcfdb","documentId":"open-science-source-37-c1","id":"c129","text":"To facilitate reproducibility of research results, research outputs must be openly available.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"","subject":"research outputs","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Furthermore, to facilitate reproducibility of research results, it is essential that research outputs are not only openly available, but also that the software needed to produce, process and analyse research results is sustained.","representedInStars":true}
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{"key":"open-science-source-37-c1/c145","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/bfeb5b36201c4845","nativeRecordCid":"481a416f-501d-4a5f-a3a4-d83e64bb48e7","documentId":"open-science-source-37-c1","id":"c145","text":"Sustainable research software is built on principles of good software engineering practices.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"sustainable research software","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Sustainable research software is built on principles of good software engineering practices and it requires community engagement, team work and collaboration among researchers, research software engineers and user communities.","representedInStars":false}
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{"key":"open-science-source-37-c1/c147","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/ab5862c035544099","nativeRecordCid":"5acd92a1-f310-4e35-98cf-f43a7f37fbee","documentId":"open-science-source-37-c1","id":"c147","text":"A collaborative approach facilitates knowledge sharing and the exchange of best practices that equip researchers with the skills and experience to develop higher-quality software that is easier to maintain, share and reuse.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"collaborative approach to research software development","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"In turn, such a collaborative approach facilitates knowledge sharing and the exchange of best practices that equip researchers with the skills and experience to develop higher-quality software that is easier to maintain, share and reuse.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-37-c1/c148","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/938c86139d274921","nativeRecordCid":"42cb2606-b487-4256-869e-acf2bac69341","documentId":"open-science-source-37-c1","id":"c148","text":"Current funding mechanisms in the Netherlands and elsewhere tend to focus on enabling novel research.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"current funding mechanisms for research software","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Current funding mechanisms in the Netherlands (and elsewhere) tend to focus on enabling novel research.","representedInStars":false}
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{"key":"open-science-source-37-c1/c150","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/825a36a3377443f2","nativeRecordCid":"c61851fb-a024-4475-a182-7ab2aef378a8","documentId":"open-science-source-37-c1","id":"c150","text":"There is a need for funding mechanisms that promote a culture of building upon existing efforts to build better and more broadly used research software.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"","subject":"funding mechanisms for research software","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"There is a need for funding mechanisms that instead favour a community-driven approach to software development and that promote a culture of building upon existing efforts (where appropriate) to build better and more broadly used research software.","representedInStars":false}
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{"key":"open-science-source-37-c1/c180","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/127174de370c4825","nativeRecordCid":"93dc4869-1d23-4df5-9958-8ee7add3244b","documentId":"open-science-source-37-c1","id":"c180","text":"Researchers and the citizen science community are currently actively discussing how to alter the power relationship between knowledge producers and non-traditional stakeholders in favour of the latter.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"researchers and citizen science community","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Consequently, researchers and the citizen science community are currently actively discussing how to alter the power relationship between knowledge producers and non-traditional stakeholders in favour of the latter.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-37-c1/c181","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/ea132abc4db54274","nativeRecordCid":"58214d64-8c66-4abe-ae8e-026cb960f1d0","documentId":"open-science-source-37-c1","id":"c181","text":"Research is needed to identify the challenges associated with running citizen science calls.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"","subject":"research on citizen science calls","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Research is needed to identify the challenges associated with running citizen science calls and, more specifically, to propose solutions and strategies aimed at designing fully participatory citizen science calls.","representedInStars":false}
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{"key":"open-science-source-37-c1/c187","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/3094b4b1c65a4794","nativeRecordCid":"1c83bcac-19fa-420e-8663-94f52d5f8147","documentId":"open-science-source-37-c1","id":"c187","text":"Monitoring and evaluation activities are essential to enable assessment and reporting of progress in tracking the implementation of open science practices and initiatives over time.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"","subject":"monitoring and evaluation activities","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Monitoring and evaluation (M&E) activities, such as measuring the quality level of open access publications or published research datasets and software, are essential to enable assessment and reporting of progress (tracking the implementation of open science practices and initiatives over time).","representedInStars":true}
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{"key":"open-science-source-37-c1/c189","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/cc109abffbfb412e","nativeRecordCid":"be03be63-1c8c-428b-9166-5be8cd61c7b2","documentId":"open-science-source-37-c1","id":"c189","text":"Monitoring and evaluation promote transparency in the implementation of open science.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"monitoring and evaluation","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Moreover, monitoring and evaluation promote accountability and transparency in the implementation of open science.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-37-c1/c190","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/8eccf8042a5a47f5","nativeRecordCid":"6754f483-dbb6-4c3e-8644-b737e67cdcae","documentId":"open-science-source-37-c1","id":"c190","text":"Quantitative indicators to be used and produced as part of the national M&E pilot project should be openly available (meta)data.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"the national M&E pilot project","subject":"quantitative indicators in the M&E project","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Quantitative indicators to be used and produced as part of this project should be openly available (meta)data.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-37-c1/c191","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/18302c89882e4466","nativeRecordCid":"39ce03e2-416e-44bd-9bc9-5dc271996fda","documentId":"open-science-source-37-c1","id":"c191","text":"Open science monitoring initiatives are being undertaken in many countries, including Ireland and France, and at the European level by the EOSC Association.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"open science monitoring initiatives","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"This project aligns with the initiatives to monitor the progress of Open Science being taken in many countries, including Ireland and France, and, at the European level, by the EOSC Association.","representedInStars":true}
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{"key":"open-science-source-37-c1/c210","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/1f51e644061745d9","nativeRecordCid":"f01a09a0-7409-4d69-9a71-728716bfe2d9","documentId":"open-science-source-37-c1","id":"c210","text":"Many communities related to open science are currently forming, consolidating or expanding across all relevant research performing organisations and supporting institutions.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"open science communities","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Many communities related to open science are currently forming, consolidating or expanding, across all relevant research performing organisations and supporting institutions.","representedInStars":false}
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{"key":"open-science-source-37-c1/c212","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/0234b7067f17476a","nativeRecordCid":"0e573fb6-4d07-4271-af9f-b14eac065aba","documentId":"open-science-source-37-c1","id":"c212","text":"Bottom-up support benefits the connections between open science communities by allowing open science practices to blossom and spread faster.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"bottom-up support","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Bottom-up support will benefit these communities and the connections between them by allowing open science practices to blossom and spread faster.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-37-c1/c213","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/1482ed5913894542","nativeRecordCid":"0e742b3c-4111-48aa-b410-fab15b1d8288","documentId":"open-science-source-37-c1","id":"c213","text":"Communities benefit from being able to exchange ideas on topical issues.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"communities","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Communities also benefit from being able to exchange ideas on topical issues and on how to address new challenges as they arise.","representedInStars":false}
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{"key":"open-science-source-37-c1/c215","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/e36cbb9085cb43ac","nativeRecordCid":"9f8f2b68-0608-44b1-b82a-c134092a4b87","documentId":"open-science-source-37-c1","id":"c215","text":"Local Open Science Communities have emerged as a bottom-up initiative of individuals who actively participate in and collectively advocate for open science practices.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"Local Open Science Communities","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Local Open Science Communities (OSCs) have emerged as a bottom-up initiative of individuals who actively participate in and collectively advocate for open science practices.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-37-c1/c216","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/b82216cef26942a9","nativeRecordCid":"4cf15c67-541e-4ef6-a1d2-aefd04ba709f","documentId":"open-science-source-37-c1","id":"c216","text":"OSCs have grown organically.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"OSCs","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Due to the organic growth of these communities, OSCs are typically based within a single knowledge institution.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-37-c1/c217","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/fe726e18d43c48e4","nativeRecordCid":"8b68f96b-fb7f-4e89-850e-cb5272e0bdb9","documentId":"open-science-source-37-c1","id":"c217","text":"OSCs are typically based within a single knowledge institution.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"OSCs","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Due to the organic growth of these communities, OSCs are typically based within a single knowledge institution.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-37-c1/c218","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/c27277bf228142b4","nativeRecordCid":"d29b4e12-cc2c-4bf7-adf2-4da77e426403","documentId":"open-science-source-37-c1","id":"c218","text":"The volunteer efforts underlying the OSC-NL network are not enough to effectively support sharing of knowledge and experiences between the local OSCs.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"OSC-NL volunteer efforts","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"However, the national network (Open Science Communities Netherlands (OSC-NL)) has only just started and is based on the efforts of volunteers, which are not enough to effectively support sharing of knowledge and experiences between the local OSCs.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-37-c1/c219","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/546d75f1ee0c4534","nativeRecordCid":"d4d4d622-9ed2-4fa6-81ae-b55e4b07346a","documentId":"open-science-source-37-c1","id":"c219","text":"National collaboration is needed to consolidate local efforts to facilitate the long-term sustainability and local embedding of OSCs.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"","subject":"national collaboration for OSCs","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"National collaboration is urgently needed to consolidate local efforts to facilitate the long-term sustainability and local embedding of OSCs (and thus ensure that the local communities receive sufficient institutional support when the incidental funding from Open Science NL runs out).","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-37-c1/c220","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/2f6a8359f28745b4","nativeRecordCid":"7a7f018d-df98-47f1-ae7d-597af4ca18b3","documentId":"open-science-source-37-c1","id":"c220","text":"The OSC-NL network is presently growing.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"OSC-NL network","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The OSC-NL network is presently growing and now spans over 2000 individuals working at Dutch knowledge institutions.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-37-c1/c221","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/8e0d7cf25f5a490c","nativeRecordCid":"05e19137-2923-4bda-a44f-f4842a03bb51","documentId":"open-science-source-37-c1","id":"c221","text":"OSC-NL introduces newcomers to the concepts of open science and to a broad range of open science practices.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"OSC-NL","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"It introduces newcomers to the concepts of open science and to a broad range of open science practices.","representedInStars":false}
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{"key":"open-science-source-37-c1/c223","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/be823e0e232040a0","nativeRecordCid":"4ff79d9f-cdcd-439e-b5b0-775e2f9400a0","documentId":"open-science-source-37-c1","id":"c223","text":"OSC-NL provides policy advice.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"OSC-NL","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"OSC-NL also organises events and activities to make open science more visible and accessible, and provides policy advice.","representedInStars":false}
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{"key":"open-science-source-37-c1/c262","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/ab03d962115c4a94","nativeRecordCid":"7ee05b3f-16a7-4efe-a3ae-3128379ed561","documentId":"open-science-source-37-c1","id":"c262","text":"Discussion about the provision of a national publication platform should be closely aligned with the recent announcement by the EC to open up its platform Open Research Europe to other funders and countries.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"","subject":"national publication platform discussion","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Discussion about the provision of a national publication platform should be closely aligned with the recent announcement by the EC to open up its platform Open Research Europe to other funders and countries (OSNL is involved in these discussions).","representedInStars":false}
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{"key":"open-science-source-37-c2/c6","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/8c7f2117dbe149ad","nativeRecordCid":"a63e6d56-baab-4a67-ac3f-18a76f5ba44f","documentId":"open-science-source-37-c2","id":"c6","text":"Community needs continue to evolve, taking into account new developments and challenges such as concerns around AI and open science or digital sovereignty in key open science infrastructures.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"community needs in open science","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The NPOS Ambition sets out 30 objectives, while community needs continue to evolve and take into account new developments and challenges such as concerns around AI and open science or digital sovereignty in key open science infrastructures.","representedInStars":false}
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{"key":"open-science-source-37-c2/c8","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/f9793a4e0bac47cf","nativeRecordCid":"52fea2a2-211e-49a0-82a0-bdb014f12c8b","documentId":"open-science-source-37-c2","id":"c8","text":"Culture change to open science requires a comprehensive approach that addresses both technical and social dimensions.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"","subject":"culture change to open science","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Culture change to open science requires a comprehensive approach that addresses both technical and social dimensions.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-37-c2/c9","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/63372a7897454db2","nativeRecordCid":"ad339648-a44f-4eb0-888a-fa8c03702475","documentId":"open-science-source-37-c2","id":"c9","text":"Five main themes are essential for the transition to open science.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"","subject":"themes for open science transition","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Therefore, all funding ideas described in this work programme are structured around five main themes essential for the transition to open science:","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-37-c2/c10","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/bd5f5ddd011f4d27","nativeRecordCid":"9e9b3c91-e468-43cd-9f1f-3aef2303a9bc","documentId":"open-science-source-37-c2","id":"c10","text":"Infrastructure provides the tools, platforms and workflows that make practising open science technically possible.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"Infrastructure (theme)","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Infrastructure provides the tools, platforms and workflows that make practising open science technically possible.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-37-c2/c11","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/730442dedd6b42f2","nativeRecordCid":"2dd85857-c380-4658-b954-77ecd10cd98c","documentId":"open-science-source-37-c2","id":"c11","text":"Capacity building ensures that practitioners have the knowledge and skills to apply open science practices.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"Capacity building (theme)","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Capacity building ensures that practitioners have the knowledge and skills to apply open science practices and to use infrastructure effectively and are supported in these processes.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-37-c2/c12","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/036353196cad4c2f","nativeRecordCid":"62e3049b-84b1-414e-8c45-0b91f2a43d45","documentId":"open-science-source-37-c2","id":"c12","text":"Capacity building ensures that practitioners have the knowledge and skills to use infrastructure effectively.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"Capacity building (theme)","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Capacity building ensures that practitioners have the knowledge and skills to apply open science practices and to use infrastructure effectively and are supported in these processes.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-37-c2/c13","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/779462612bcd4f86","nativeRecordCid":"03bf5319-ef1e-475f-b963-aae54d639584","documentId":"open-science-source-37-c2","id":"c13","text":"Capacity building ensures that practitioners are supported in the process of applying open science practices and using infrastructure.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"Capacity building (theme)","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Capacity building ensures that practitioners have the knowledge and skills to apply open science practices and to use infrastructure effectively and are supported in these processes.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-37-c2/c14","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/9cee859ad0344ebd","nativeRecordCid":"51af0785-b500-4632-a9f5-882eb4b0a59c","documentId":"open-science-source-37-c2","id":"c14","text":"Incentives align recognition and rewards with open practices, signalling that these behaviours are valued.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"Incentives (theme)","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Incentives align recognition and rewards with open practices, signalling that these behaviours are valued.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-37-c2/c15","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/cc31373cbb8d4539","nativeRecordCid":"c2db4d46-862b-470e-9bf0-d7cfba7c1c7b","documentId":"open-science-source-37-c2","id":"c15","text":"Empowering communities creates peer-driven norms where openness is expected.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"Empowering communities (theme)","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Empowering communities creates peer-driven norms where openness is expected.","representedInStars":false}
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{"key":"open-science-source-37-c2/c17","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/b490b807587c4406","nativeRecordCid":"0f25bc2b-d6af-491b-9ab7-6ed55718df49","documentId":"open-science-source-37-c2","id":"c17","text":"Monitoring and evaluation enable progress tracking in open science.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"Monitoring and evaluation (theme)","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Finally, monitoring and evaluation set clear expectations, enable progress tracking, and help embedding open science in a sustained manner.","representedInStars":true}
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{"key":"open-science-source-37-c2/c34","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/05cf1d79e7e0424a","nativeRecordCid":"662d9961-7500-4031-9da0-c68f9abe309f","documentId":"open-science-source-37-c2","id":"c34","text":"Data access conditions and procedures are not standardised.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"data access conditions and procedures","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Because data access conditions and procedures are not standardised, they are complex to specify and hard to understand.","representedInStars":true}
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{"key":"open-science-source-37-c2/c37","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/bd3dea7a235f45b1","nativeRecordCid":"385bf509-0ff8-42cf-91ca-7d792b4db136","documentId":"open-science-source-37-c2","id":"c37","text":"Complex, non-standardised, and costly data access conditions affect researchers, practitioners, and citizens that need access to sensitive data.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"data access conditions' effect on users","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"This affects researchers, practitioners, and citizens that need access to such data, limiting research, innovation, and public engagement.","representedInStars":false}
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{"key":"open-science-source-37-c2/c41","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/3e7faddf96254a2f","nativeRecordCid":"da639191-364d-4581-a030-8aad68bb7483","documentId":"open-science-source-37-c2","id":"c41","text":"Two important international efforts, the World Wide Web Consortium's ODRL and the Global Alliance for Genomics and Health passport/DUO suite, are underway to allow comprehensive, machine-actionable specification of access conditions, which helps to standardise the access process for all types of data.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"international data access standardisation efforts","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Two important international efforts are underway (the World Wide Web Consortium’s ODRL[6] and the Global Alliance for Genomics and Health passport/DUO suite[7] ) to allow\n\ncomprehensive, machine-actionable specification of access conditions, which helps to standardise the access process for all types of data.","representedInStars":false}
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{"key":"open-science-source-37-c2/c47","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/cc79226598ad4477","nativeRecordCid":"70464c9e-6362-49af-ad43-fde011d0f19c","documentId":"open-science-source-37-c2","id":"c47","text":"The capacity to undertake the implementation effort is a crucial factor in uptake of data access standards.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"factors in uptake of data access standards","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Crucial factors in uptake are consensus, the availability of technical expertise, and the capacity to undertake the implementation effort.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-37-c2/c48","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/0cfe833622b64808","nativeRecordCid":"349b1baa-77b8-4083-9fa3-1017b5f33b2c","documentId":"open-science-source-37-c2","id":"c48","text":"Large data providers, such as CBS, ODISSEI and Health-RI, have undertaken efforts towards standardisation of processes and licenses within their own organisations or domain.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"large data providers","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Large data providers (organisations such as CBS, ODISSEI and Health-RI) have undertaken efforts towards standardisation of processes and licenses within their own organisations or domain.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-37-c2/c49","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/e9e95360d12c48d0","nativeRecordCid":"ca4fd588-b252-434a-9ea2-0caf4f96688d","documentId":"open-science-source-37-c2","id":"c49","text":"A nationally coordinated effort to bridge domains and stimulate implementation of data access standardisation does not yet exist.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"nationally coordinated data access effort","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The next step is to start working on a more common approach, which requires a nationally coordinated effort, to bridge the domains and stimulate implementation, while at the same time aligning with international developments. Such an effort does not yet exist.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-37-c2/c50","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/907feb7d792d45f1","nativeRecordCid":"3ee12bc4-ca92-4994-b303-6a78e418671d","documentId":"open-science-source-37-c2","id":"c50","text":"The sustainability of open science infrastructure is a complex and multifaceted challenge.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"sustainability of open science infrastructure","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The sustainability of open science infrastructure is a complex and multifaceted challenge.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-37-c2/c51","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/9feeec178fa04bf2","nativeRecordCid":"872e273f-7f40-4752-add0-91fb5d8955b7","documentId":"open-science-source-37-c2","id":"c51","text":"Open science infrastructures form the backbone of an open and collaborative research ecosystem.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"open science infrastructures","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"These infra structures form the backbone of an open and collaborative research ecosystem – yet their long-term survival is often not guaranteed, which has been brought to light even more in the current geo-political climate.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-37-c2/c52","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/4bafc14a75a24c62","nativeRecordCid":"20827b4b-87ef-423d-8f43-90592c93519d","documentId":"open-science-source-37-c2","id":"c52","text":"The long-term survival of open science infrastructures is often not guaranteed.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"open science infrastructures' survival","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"These infra structures form the backbone of an open and collaborative research ecosystem – yet their long-term survival is often not guaranteed, which has been brought to light even more in the current geo-political climate.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-37-c2/c53","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/80ff957f86ff4384","nativeRecordCid":"e83de5af-e6f0-4ee9-b91d-1719627086ef","documentId":"open-science-source-37-c2","id":"c53","text":"Many valuable open science infrastructure initiatives depend on precarious funding, volunteer efforts, or short-term projects, making them vulnerable.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"open science infrastructure initiatives' funding","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Many valuable initiatives depend on precarious funding, volunteer efforts, or short-term projects, making them vulnerable.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-37-c2/c54","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/6d9cf241a38f4be1","nativeRecordCid":"1ea63c75-b788-4f54-ad3e-1667f82a4eec","documentId":"open-science-source-37-c2","id":"c54","text":"Ensuring that open science infrastructure remains resilient over time requires more than technical excellence.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"","subject":"resilience of open science infrastructure","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Ensuring that open science infrastructure remains resilient over time requires more than technical excellence.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-37-c2/c55","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/3e425d4ad4c34d10","nativeRecordCid":"7315c405-e405-4760-bb8c-f319c08d4c93","documentId":"open-science-source-37-c2","id":"c55","text":"Those responsible for open science infrastructures often excel in innovation and problem-solving.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"those responsible for open science infrastructures","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"While those responsible for open science infrastructures often excel in innovation and problem-solving – skills essential for building them – they frequently lack the expertise needed for ensuring long-term sustainability, such as developing and implementing viable funding models.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-37-c2/c56","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/d28c8bfc064641d7","nativeRecordCid":"6f427f17-1975-4c16-a85c-5f253f76e499","documentId":"open-science-source-37-c2","id":"c56","text":"Those responsible for open science infrastructures frequently lack the expertise needed for ensuring long-term sustainability, such as developing and implementing viable funding models.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"those responsible for open science infrastructures","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"While those responsible for open science infrastructures often excel in innovation and problem-solving – skills essential for building them – they frequently lack the expertise needed for ensuring long-term sustainability, such as developing and implementing viable funding models.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-37-c2/c57","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/01a226e758d34873","nativeRecordCid":"a972c4ee-45bc-4fbb-a3b3-f1ad0c862f38","documentId":"open-science-source-37-c2","id":"c57","text":"There is currently no comparable training and learning programme in the Netherlands focused on making open science infrastructure sustainable.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"open science infrastructure sustainability training in NL","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"There is currently no comparable training and learning programme in the Netherlands focused on making open science infrastructure sustainable.","representedInStars":false}
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{"key":"open-science-source-37-c2/c66","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/5d3f3ce17c7349e8","nativeRecordCid":"bd45e978-03fc-4a12-8ac1-38237e1f8c36","documentId":"open-science-source-37-c2","id":"c66","text":"Mobility and development programme funding may be used to release the capacity of the host to ensure adequate involvement of the host in the programme.","kind":"normative","modality":"may","actor":"recipients of mobility and development programme funding","subject":"use of mobility programme funding","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Funding may be used to cover the fellow’s expenses during the visit (including travel), to release the applicant’s time to participate or to release the capacity of the host to ensure adequate involvement of the host in the programme.","representedInStars":false}
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{"key":"open-science-source-37-c2/c70","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/3b4befa3db1242e8","nativeRecordCid":"85da274d-b30a-4888-b061-c5f9988c5fc8","documentId":"open-science-source-37-c2","id":"c70","text":"NWO Rubicon is long-lasting.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"NWO Rubicon","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"These are research focussed, long-lasting and not dedicated to open science.","representedInStars":false}
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{"key":"open-science-source-37-c2/c73","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/2a2afb269a3b414d","nativeRecordCid":"0b8addcf-6c1f-464e-970a-5578d36f3a48","documentId":"open-science-source-37-c2","id":"c73","text":"Individuals are not eligible to apply for Erasmus+ grants.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"Erasmus+ eligibility","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Individuals are not eligible to apply for these grants – applications can only be made once per year by institutions.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-37-c2/c74","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/f28096e6544c48f1","nativeRecordCid":"7f826118-4371-4098-a600-16aa8e540e2e","documentId":"open-science-source-37-c2","id":"c74","text":"Erasmus+ applications can only be made once per year, by institutions.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"Erasmus+ applications","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Individuals are not eligible to apply for these grants – applications can only be made once per year by institutions.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-37-c2/c75","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/2bb8eccdfe41414b","nativeRecordCid":"5a489529-3d69-40bb-8828-6d96c5b8d62a","documentId":"open-science-source-37-c2","id":"c75","text":"Under Erasmus+, institutions are tasked with organising the internal selection and administering the grants.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"Erasmus+ institutions","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Institutions are also tasked with organising the internal selection and administering the grants.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-37-c2/c76","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/9665a2d6631045f3","nativeRecordCid":"3c779663-f024-478a-a019-8c5596b4fa1a","documentId":"open-science-source-37-c2","id":"c76","text":"The mobility programme funded by Open Science NL is the only programme offering mobility support dedicated to open science.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"Open Science NL mobility programme","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The programme funded by Open Science NL is the only programme offering mobility support dedicated to open science.","representedInStars":false}
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{"key":"open-science-source-37-c2/c78","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/5bf5741b30664f0b","nativeRecordCid":"a239f24e-2857-4e58-9f31-e754d4c06b56","documentId":"open-science-source-37-c2","id":"c78","text":"Sharing research hardware designs openly enables more people within and outside of academia to access, replicate, modify and use the hardware.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"open sharing of hardware designs","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Sharing research hardware designs openly enables more people within and outside of academia to access, replicate, modify and use the hardware.","representedInStars":false}
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{"key":"open-science-source-37-c2/c80","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/5d6f889961324213","nativeRecordCid":"d696a50d-74df-434a-9e9c-8584433665cd","documentId":"open-science-source-37-c2","id":"c80","text":"The number of scientific publications on open research hardware is trailing that of open-source software by roughly 15 years.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"open research hardware publications","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"A rapidly increasing volume of research contains open research hardware, but the number of scientific publications on this topic is trailing that of open-source software with a lag of roughly 15 years.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-37-c2/c81","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/3439db5527f340bb","nativeRecordCid":"ee501181-a99e-4bfa-a6fb-874541a404b7","documentId":"open-science-source-37-c2","id":"c81","text":"There is large-scale open research hardware development worldwide.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"open research hardware development worldwide","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"There is large-scale open research hardware development worldwide, and there are bottom-up open research\n\nhardware developments in the Netherlands.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-37-c2/c82","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/8f6710eeab144bed","nativeRecordCid":"26847780-bf4f-4278-a210-d3c13634074b","documentId":"open-science-source-37-c2","id":"c82","text":"There are bottom-up open research hardware developments in the Netherlands.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"open research hardware development in the Netherlands","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"There is large-scale open research hardware development worldwide, and there are bottom-up open research\n\nhardware developments in the Netherlands.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-37-c2/c83","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/374138569c4e4655","nativeRecordCid":"1f855288-f7ee-45c7-bc3b-f5d1d3e2560b","documentId":"open-science-source-37-c2","id":"c83","text":"There is comparatively little awareness of open research hardware within the Dutch community.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"awareness of open research hardware in NL","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"However, within the Dutch community there is comparatively little awareness and coordination on this topic.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-37-c2/c84","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/ef4cbd0262324210","nativeRecordCid":"928ee336-e557-4923-b51e-fa5a5d199d82","documentId":"open-science-source-37-c2","id":"c84","text":"There is comparatively little coordination on open research hardware within the Dutch community.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"coordination on open research hardware in NL","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"However, within the Dutch community there is comparatively little awareness and coordination on this topic.","representedInStars":false}
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{"key":"open-science-source-37-c2/c87","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/e033fcb1b46b4b18","nativeRecordCid":"2f30663b-6bbf-4570-a048-9ca6bfc48f00","documentId":"open-science-source-37-c2","id":"c87","text":"The open research hardware network should provide training on making hardware designs open and FAIR.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"the open research hardware network","subject":"open research hardware network","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"provide training on making hardware designs open and FAIR;","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-37-c2/c88","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/53cc04c96c40455a","nativeRecordCid":"c4fda445-b95f-420e-89cd-5bd3a033fdb9","documentId":"open-science-source-37-c2","id":"c88","text":"The open research hardware network should create networking opportunities and organise events and workshops on open research hardware.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"the open research hardware network","subject":"open research hardware network","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"create networking opportunities and organise events and workshops on open research hardware;","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-37-c2/c89","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/bffc70bdb12f4c13","nativeRecordCid":"f17675e2-8f84-4e35-9eec-5eddcf3767cf","documentId":"open-science-source-37-c2","id":"c89","text":"The open research hardware network should stimulate coordination on open research hardware within the Netherlands.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"the open research hardware network","subject":"open research hardware network","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"stimulate coordination on open research hardware within the Netherlands;","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-37-c2/c90","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/2185e14b53fd44fb","nativeRecordCid":"17da06f0-dec3-41ed-9bf6-b43024ede524","documentId":"open-science-source-37-c2","id":"c90","text":"The open research hardware network should establish connections with relevant national and international open research networks.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"the open research hardware network","subject":"open research hardware network","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"establish connections with relevant national (e.g. open research software) and international networks (e.g. other open research hardware).","representedInStars":false}
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{"key":"open-science-source-37-c2/c93","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/0cc262aaa62d4470","nativeRecordCid":"8e958f51-b9b1-44dc-8b89-6bd279ce3310","documentId":"open-science-source-37-c2","id":"c93","text":"There is no national initiative for open research hardware in the Netherlands.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"open research hardware initiatives in NL","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"University of Utrecht, Wageningen University & Research), there is no national initiative for open research hardware in the Netherlands.","representedInStars":false}
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{"key":"open-science-source-37-c2/c98","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/8bf334faafeb4491","nativeRecordCid":"e80c809f-a7aa-4219-8c2e-62f754335b01","documentId":"open-science-source-37-c2","id":"c98","text":"In the Netherlands there is no financial support programme to strengthen citizen science capacity at research organisations besides the Citizen Science Hubs call organised by Open Science NL.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"citizen science capacity funding in NL","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"In the Netherlands there is no financial support programme to strengthen citizen science capacity at research organisations besides the Citizen Science Hubs call organised by Open Science NL in 2024.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-37-c2/c99","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/203f5e06cbca41ac","nativeRecordCid":"65ede933-bf54-43c1-ab4e-9a6f9812d392","documentId":"open-science-source-37-c2","id":"c99","text":"There has been significant investment in and attention for Artificial Intelligence (AI) tools in recent years.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"investment and attention for AI tools","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"In recent years, there has been significant investment in and attention for Artificial Intelligence (AI) tools.","representedInStars":false}
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{"key":"open-science-source-37-c2/c101","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/32e87d045e614c23","nativeRecordCid":"39bcdd62-e7f0-441c-ba2d-ae9a5e32758d","documentId":"open-science-source-37-c2","id":"c101","text":"There are concerns about the openness of AI tools and their reliance on FAIR datasets and adherence to the CARE principles.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"concerns about AI tools' openness","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Furthermore, there are concerns about the openness of AI tools and their reliance on FAIR datasets and the adherence to the CARE principles.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-37-c2/c102","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/9488fe28cc7941bf","nativeRecordCid":"7cecc910-0d0e-4de3-8e09-f71d0c3d781c","documentId":"open-science-source-37-c2","id":"c102","text":"A wide range of tools, guidelines and resources addressing AI and open science questions already exists.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"AI and open science resources","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"A wide range of tools, guidelines and resources addressing these questions already exists, and there is considerable expertise within the community.","representedInStars":false}
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{"key":"open-science-source-37-c2/c106","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/76c1fbd9804b4552","nativeRecordCid":"1de95a17-8b1c-4cec-b323-365ef8b6c16e","documentId":"open-science-source-37-c2","id":"c106","text":"There have been many initiatives, projects and tools developed pertaining to AI, ethics of AI, and transparency of AI.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"AI ethics and transparency initiatives","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"There has been a lot of initiatives, projects and tools developed pertaining to AI, ethics of AI, transparency of AI etc.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-37-c2/c107","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/5b0d0ad8a6e5436f","nativeRecordCid":"3859e62a-aee4-425f-a354-d8197e39171e","documentId":"open-science-source-37-c2","id":"c107","text":"There is already a lot of expertise on the topics of AI transparency.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"AI transparency expertise","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Furthermore, there is already a lot of expertise on the topics or AI transparency.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-37-c2/c108","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/04f91d07a8a6435c","nativeRecordCid":"01aaf386-56a7-4df4-8116-2e72a9c7712c","documentId":"open-science-source-37-c2","id":"c108","text":"Empowering communities is necessary to make open science practices normative.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"","subject":"empowering communities","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Three initiatives in this work programme focus on empowering communities, which is essential to make open science practices normative.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-37-c2/c109","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/bb6985111b0c4cea","nativeRecordCid":"ad5e6874-3d58-4564-9d90-34628dcd4e14","documentId":"open-science-source-37-c2","id":"c109","text":"When society is actively involved in research and innovation, the outcomes become more relevant.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"society's involvement in research outcomes","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"When society is actively involved in research and innovation, the outcomes become more relevant, and science itself can become further democratised.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-37-c2/c110","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/70c49ae444e94b08","nativeRecordCid":"1be5cb1c-af6e-4a1c-b45b-f75bb8c93f79","documentId":"open-science-source-37-c2","id":"c110","text":"When society is actively involved in research and innovation, science itself can become further democratised.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"society's involvement and democratisation of science","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"When society is actively involved in research and innovation, the outcomes become more relevant, and science itself can become further democratised.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-37-c2/c111","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/b860889c98e44585","nativeRecordCid":"79ade8da-02e2-46f3-aaca-ee52324bdaf0","documentId":"open-science-source-37-c2","id":"c111","text":"In community-led research, citizens determine the research and knowledge agenda.","kind":"definitional","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"community-led research","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"In community-led research or community-led citizen science, citizens determine the research and knowledge agenda, initiate and conduct the research[9] .","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-37-c2/c112","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/78060d5ebf4c4cd1","nativeRecordCid":"3f7f8355-d500-4e68-981d-d7e5ac543240","documentId":"open-science-source-37-c2","id":"c112","text":"In community-led research, citizens initiate and conduct the research.","kind":"definitional","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"community-led research","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"In community-led research or community-led citizen science, citizens determine the research and knowledge agenda, initiate and conduct the research[9] .","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-37-c2/c113","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/eefd2dd5b9734822","nativeRecordCid":"390d995c-fd97-44d0-b6ed-b01e7e122fc7","documentId":"open-science-source-37-c2","id":"c113","text":"To properly support community-led research, projects should be driven by questions from local communities.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"","subject":"community-led research projects","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"To properly support such research, projects should be driven by questions from local communities.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-37-c2/c114","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/70b4d50d6eef46a0","nativeRecordCid":"ee1985cb-fe1b-4f9e-979a-bc69faaf1759","documentId":"open-science-source-37-c2","id":"c114","text":"Community-led research driven by local community questions challenges current processes and frameworks that are set in place for research driven by research organisations.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"community-led research vs current frameworks","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"This challenges current processes and frameworks, which are set in place for research driven by research organisations.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-37-c2/c115","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/c9375529b60a4b7f","nativeRecordCid":"53e4240f-ccca-442f-bf64-c0d30a21ccc1","documentId":"open-science-source-37-c2","id":"c115","text":"Research councils have difficulties supporting community-led research because their grant rules do not permit direct funding to civic organisations.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"research councils' support of community-led research","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Research councils have difficulties supporting community-led research, as their grant rules do not permit direct funding to civic organisations.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-37-c2/c116","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/05127dc3f0334c7b","nativeRecordCid":"e60cb025-88cb-43e1-bb99-a24478266310","documentId":"open-science-source-37-c2","id":"c116","text":"Collaborations between local communities and researchers are often fragmented at present.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"local community-researcher collaborations","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"At present, collaborations between local communities and researchers are often fragmented.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-37-c2/c117","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/4e9e9f36812f43cf","nativeRecordCid":"e9bb4f89-9371-4cfd-a5cf-c4f0df30c769","documentId":"open-science-source-37-c2","id":"c117","text":"The specific capacity needs of both academics and local communities in participatory research remain insufficiently documented.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"capacity needs in participatory research","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Moreover, the specific capacity needs of both academics and local communities in participatory research remain insufficiently documented[10 11][12] .","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-37-c2/c118","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/a630a27df8cc477b","nativeRecordCid":"9bf0e356-4dc7-4968-8563-066b14e86487","documentId":"open-science-source-37-c2","id":"c118","text":"The Citizen Science NL (CS-NL) network comprises practitioners and researchers from public and private organisations.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"CS-NL network composition","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"This is essential because while the network comprises practitioners and researchers from public and private organisations, representatives","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-37-c2/c119","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/974dde1cc75d4bd6","nativeRecordCid":"7fe5d206-559b-4824-85af-ac795743f627","documentId":"open-science-source-37-c2","id":"c119","text":"Representatives from local communities have limited representation in the CS-NL network.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"local community representation in CS-NL network","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"from local communities – such as citizen collectives – have limited representation.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-37-c2/c120","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/e3cfa6a928f24e69","nativeRecordCid":"e0eabd4e-e2c5-437c-806b-c93b415b3669","documentId":"open-science-source-37-c2","id":"c120","text":"Ensuring that citizen collectives are part of the CS-NL network will help build collaborations.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"citizen collectives in CS-NL network","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Ensuring that citizen collectives are part of the CS-NL network will help build collaborations and thus facilitating the creation of shared research agendas.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-37-c2/c121","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/c3628d21e13340bd","nativeRecordCid":"16ba16d9-77c5-4fb1-8dd8-704f2b3f7b2d","documentId":"open-science-source-37-c2","id":"c121","text":"Ensuring that citizen collectives are part of the CS-NL network will facilitate the creation of shared research agendas.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"citizen collectives in CS-NL network","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Ensuring that citizen collectives are part of the CS-NL network will help build collaborations and thus facilitating the creation of shared research agendas.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-37-c2/c122","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/26adf5cd4ea5470c","nativeRecordCid":"b8c0d17b-4d50-4812-97b7-437cfca76679","documentId":"open-science-source-37-c2","id":"c122","text":"The funder ZonMw experiments with citizen-driven or community-led research.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"ZonMw","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The funder ZonMw experiments with citizendriven or community-led research in calls like ‘Onderzoek voor en door jongeren’ and ‘Samen aan de Hartslag’.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-37-c2/c123","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/c6b38d38bd524aa1","nativeRecordCid":"7fd49d64-fcdd-469d-808d-e51987ddc64a","documentId":"open-science-source-37-c2","id":"c123","text":"UK's funding organisation UKRI is extensively investing in community-led research programmes.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"UKRI","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"UK’s funding organisation UKRI is extensively investing in community-led research programmes.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-37-c2/c124","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/aa179743e0a24dbf","nativeRecordCid":"9d86641d-a7b7-4cb6-8c04-1c02e7f47f97","documentId":"open-science-source-37-c2","id":"c124","text":"The National Open Science Festival gives stakeholders interested in open science the opportunity to connect with peers.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"National Open Science Festival","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The festival gives researchers, professional support staff, policy makers and other stakeholders interested in open science the opportunity to connect with peers and to learn about open science practices, policies and implementations.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-37-c2/c125","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/5585c957cce14f6b","nativeRecordCid":"d65b26fb-c856-442a-aa30-5c74911c6fbf","documentId":"open-science-source-37-c2","id":"c125","text":"The National Open Science Festival gives stakeholders interested in open science the opportunity to learn about open science practices, policies and implementations.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"National Open Science Festival","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The festival gives researchers, professional support staff, policy makers and other stakeholders interested in open science the opportunity to connect with peers and to learn about open science practices, policies and implementations.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-37-c2/c126","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/ea5bae3371bc4557","nativeRecordCid":"401a2ee2-219c-465b-87ea-32b8febbf7d7","documentId":"open-science-source-37-c2","id":"c126","text":"The National Open Science Festival is an important vehicle for Open Science NL to engage with the community and present its work and achievements.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"National Open Science Festival","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The event is also an important vehicle for Open Science NL to engage with the community and present its work and achievements.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-37-c2/c127","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/44e1167b81174695","nativeRecordCid":"1aea5007-9438-4131-b263-c43fb5e6dbcd","documentId":"open-science-source-37-c2","id":"c127","text":"The National Open Science Festival plays an important role in empowering and engaging with the community.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"National Open Science Festival","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Given the important role of the event for empowering and engaging with the community and making open science practices more visible, the popularity of the event, and since it is the only national level event that covers all aspects of open science, it is proposed to continue to support the organisation of the festival on a yearly basis.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-37-c2/c128","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/53a4fa75ab9a4659","nativeRecordCid":"e6d6b6b5-41b1-4be8-869a-37a4bc0dde83","documentId":"open-science-source-37-c2","id":"c128","text":"The National Open Science Festival plays an important role in making open science practices more visible.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"National Open Science Festival","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Given the important role of the event for empowering and engaging with the community and making open science practices more visible, the popularity of the event, and since it is the only national level event that covers all aspects of open science, it is proposed to continue to support the organisation of the festival on a yearly basis.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-37-c2/c129","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/6f7bb0fc97f04ed6","nativeRecordCid":"1ca8ab54-01ab-488d-8ebd-3e529cbb32b4","documentId":"open-science-source-37-c2","id":"c129","text":"The National Open Science Festival is popular.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"National Open Science Festival","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Given the important role of the event for empowering and engaging with the community and making open science practices more visible, the popularity of the event, and since it is the only national level event that covers all aspects of open science, it is proposed to continue to support the organisation of the festival on a yearly basis.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-37-c2/c130","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/9cf2b343e1ae4f63","nativeRecordCid":"46b3924e-06e7-4db8-9e71-cef0103143c4","documentId":"open-science-source-37-c2","id":"c130","text":"The National Open Science Festival is the only national-level event that covers all aspects of open science.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"National Open Science Festival","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Given the important role of the event for empowering and engaging with the community and making open science practices more visible, the popularity of the event, and since it is the only national level event that covers all aspects of open science, it is proposed to continue to support the organisation of the festival on a yearly basis.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-37-c2/c131","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/6e2c10fec9d34ff6","nativeRecordCid":"d6abf66a-fa51-4585-a78d-b04c372f92fe","documentId":"open-science-source-37-c2","id":"c131","text":"The National Open Science Festival brings together all stakeholders and initiatives interested in open science.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"National Open Science Festival","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The National Open Science Festival brings together all stakeholders and initiatives interested in open science and facilitates knowledge and experience sharing by connecting people and organisations.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-37-c2/c132","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/07edef1c9cf04b95","nativeRecordCid":"319a1ee7-be6b-4a8b-ba19-549144219152","documentId":"open-science-source-37-c2","id":"c132","text":"The National Open Science Festival facilitates knowledge and experience sharing by connecting people and organisations.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"National Open Science Festival","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The National Open Science Festival brings together all stakeholders and initiatives interested in open science and facilitates knowledge and experience sharing by connecting people and organisations.","representedInStars":true}
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{"key":"open-science-source-37-c2/c134","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/f12c82581e0b404d","nativeRecordCid":"2dd62abe-12a3-4a62-bef6-8237a03687c7","documentId":"open-science-source-37-c2","id":"c134","text":"The National Open Science Festival is directly related to the engagement activities of Open Science NL.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"National Open Science Festival","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"It is unique in its kind and directly related to the engagement activities of Open Science NL.","representedInStars":false}
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{"key":"open-science-source-37-c2/c157","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/a28ab48b7324423c","nativeRecordCid":"a53bf5db-85af-4723-8741-3e9ee5a574a0","documentId":"open-science-source-37-c2","id":"c157","text":"Initiatives to monitor the progress of open science are being taken in many countries.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"initiatives to monitor progress of open science","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"This project aligns with the initiatives to monitor the progress of open science being taken in many countries, including France, Ireland and, at the European level, for example by the EOSC Association.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-38/c1","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/2ffb7126f323476b","nativeRecordCid":"7c45b358-88a8-4334-8068-23e3c4019584","documentId":"open-science-source-38","id":"c1","text":"The open tools and systems that the research and scholarly community relies upon need immediate attention and action.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"","subject":"open tools and systems","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The open tools and systems we rely upon need our immediate attention and action. We continue to reaffirm our commitment to a vision where every place of higher learning has access to the tools and infrastructure necessary to access and participate in research.","representedInStars":false}
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{"key":"open-science-source-38/c3","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/866dd98d35c14984","nativeRecordCid":"0cd236ac-130e-40f9-9ef4-0e395e47b645","documentId":"open-science-source-38","id":"c3","text":"Reliance is the key element that distinguishes open infrastructure from other tools and systems.","kind":"definitional","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"open infrastructure","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"we have often returned to a key element, a kind of “true north” that stands out as we try to differentiate between what is and is not open infrastructure: reliance.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-38/c4","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/9b539cf1dd324ca3","nativeRecordCid":"c01421ea-4304-468b-9283-aa5d917181f9","documentId":"open-science-source-38","id":"c4","text":"Researchers, curators, and technologists rely on open infrastructure as critical underpinnings of the information landscape.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"open infrastructure","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Researchers, curators, and technologists rely on open infrastructure as critical underpinnings of our information landscape.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-38/c5","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/1fe106bd19e24be8","nativeRecordCid":"f9c39661-2871-44e5-9dcd-f3f2a3acd232","documentId":"open-science-source-38","id":"c5","text":"Disruption in the availability of open infrastructures in the research ecosystem can jeopardize swaths of human knowledge.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"open infrastructures","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Disruption in the availability of open infrastructures in the research ecosystem can jeopardize swaths of human knowledge.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-38/c6","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/23c83b40d807444d","nativeRecordCid":"3f4a7d89-07e9-437f-b512-8b20ef2cd6ef","documentId":"open-science-source-38","id":"c6","text":"Much of humanity's memory and knowledge trail depends on open research infrastructures.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"open research infrastructures","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Consider how much of our memory, our knowledge trail, depends on open research infrastructures, and consider how many of these have been created on a cycle of grants and sustained on a combination of donations, membership fees, service hosting, and/or specialized development.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-38/c7","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/799d3c911769478d","nativeRecordCid":"27041e05-caa4-4f61-9ecd-028767487862","documentId":"open-science-source-38","id":"c7","text":"Many open research infrastructures have been created through a cycle of grants.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"open research infrastructures","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Consider how much of our memory, our knowledge trail, depends on open research infrastructures, and consider how many of these have been created on a cycle of grants and sustained on a combination of donations, membership fees, service hosting, and/or specialized development.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-38/c8","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/3daf0d8f6f1f4c3b","nativeRecordCid":"3b72ac04-74ca-46e8-ac63-a26670ed0033","documentId":"open-science-source-38","id":"c8","text":"Many open research infrastructures are sustained through a combination of donations, membership fees, service hosting, and/or specialized development.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"open research infrastructures","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Consider how much of our memory, our knowledge trail, depends on open research infrastructures, and consider how many of these have been created on a cycle of grants and sustained on a combination of donations, membership fees, service hosting, and/or specialized development.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-38/c9","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/b1c27aa655074b5c","nativeRecordCid":"3295521a-a071-4324-a5d8-4b0e068f690c","documentId":"open-science-source-38","id":"c9","text":"As long as they work reasonably well, most scholars, teachers, and researchers across disciplines and focal areas accept repositories, publishing platforms, metadata standards, and persistent identifiers as a given and depend on them.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"repositories, publishing platforms, metadata standards, persistent identifiers","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Repositories and publishing platforms, metadata standards and persistent identifiers — as long as they all work reasonably well, most scholars, teachers, and researchers across disciplines and focal areas accept them as a given and depend on them as a reality.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-38/c10","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/2fc0a19c9c8744d3","nativeRecordCid":"ac0d2f6e-f91c-4966-bfc7-5b26457b48c5","documentId":"open-science-source-38","id":"c10","text":"Open infrastructures are generally not sustainable businesses with robust fiscal models and diversified revenues.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"open infrastructures","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"But these infrastructures are not, on the whole, sustainable businesses with robust fiscal models and diversified revenues.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-38/c11","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/d89c4281c87b4772","nativeRecordCid":"80103871-10e0-4915-a4c3-893d3dc83d98","documentId":"open-science-source-38","id":"c11","text":"Many open infrastructures do not turn profits.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"open infrastructures","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Many do not turn profits; most operate at steady losses that are absorbed by philanthropic and government funders and a variety of research institutions including labs, universities, and colleges.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-38/c12","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/d569a5750213438d","nativeRecordCid":"a9c4e439-c4b3-4741-aaed-f7103e4be26d","documentId":"open-science-source-38","id":"c12","text":"Most open infrastructures operate at steady losses that are absorbed by philanthropic and government funders and a variety of research institutions including labs, universities, and colleges.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"open infrastructures","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Many do not turn profits; most operate at steady losses that are absorbed by philanthropic and government funders and a variety of research institutions including labs, universities, and colleges.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-38/c13","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/2481f9e3ccee4664","nativeRecordCid":"4a67cd19-849a-4f56-8e40-50513b05d0c5","documentId":"open-science-source-38","id":"c13","text":"Open infrastructures operate on systems rife with technical debt.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"open infrastructures","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"They operate on systems rife with technical debt, and they depend upon volunteer labour to cover much of their human costs from governance to editorial review to code development.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-38/c14","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/f1ef8d382e344084","nativeRecordCid":"fa67c87b-850d-41d9-825e-2568f9ac6605","documentId":"open-science-source-38","id":"c14","text":"Open infrastructures depend upon volunteer labour to cover much of their human costs from governance to editorial review to code development.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"open infrastructures","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"They operate on systems rife with technical debt, and they depend upon volunteer labour to cover much of their human costs from governance to editorial review to code development.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-38/c15","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/c407c05872f04e31","nativeRecordCid":"2f3281f7-06fb-4c5f-ae07-e7217067ed09","documentId":"open-science-source-38","id":"c15","text":"Reductions in funding for open science have become a widespread and growing problem.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"funding for open science","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Reductions in funding for open science had already become a widespread (and growing) problem, with the Netherlands, France, Argentina, Mexico, and others all serving as examples of funding fragility over the last few years.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-38/c16","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/d78a80a0d9f84f42","nativeRecordCid":"dc210e90-aa6d-4bff-9591-08f432db807a","documentId":"open-science-source-38","id":"c16","text":"Funding sources for open infrastructure are more vulnerable than they appear.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"open infrastructure funding sources","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"we became increasingly aware of how vulnerable our funding sources, which seemed maybe inadequate at times, but certainly stable, actually are.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-38/c17","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/c40e561eba5b4c73","nativeRecordCid":"07f0e1ba-c1d0-4db1-b413-052220230b64","documentId":"open-science-source-38","id":"c17","text":"Open infrastructure requires better forms and mechanisms of investment.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"","subject":"open infrastructure","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"We have long stated that open infrastructure requires better forms and mechanisms of investment, that open infrastructure needs more adoption.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-38/c18","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/f6eaf89b9cc14f45","nativeRecordCid":"57049eee-c0c1-449c-826b-2e15b564d2a9","documentId":"open-science-source-38","id":"c18","text":"Open infrastructure needs more adoption.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"","subject":"open infrastructure","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"We have long stated that open infrastructure requires better forms and mechanisms of investment, that open infrastructure needs more adoption.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-38/c19","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/34265e17030c40de","nativeRecordCid":"dcc59bb3-be57-4ef6-a6de-2d5d6fe8e52f","documentId":"open-science-source-38","id":"c19","text":"Open infrastructure should be truly supported and sustained.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"","subject":"open infrastructure","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"So much is needed to build that better future we seek, where open infrastructure is truly supported and sustained.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-38/c20","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/2de310bd8ae24463","nativeRecordCid":"629a3b8e-c0d5-4310-9a3b-c86336ef2674","documentId":"open-science-source-38","id":"c20","text":"Openness should be the default for knowledge.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"","subject":"openness for knowledge","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"let’s use this moment, together, to make open the default for knowledge.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-38/c21","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/ab1c92a917dd407c","nativeRecordCid":"879c964f-01a8-4ca8-87ee-22e8b7e2088d","documentId":"open-science-source-38","id":"c21","text":"Open infrastructures provide a strong return on investment when comparing direct funding to the research activity they enable.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"open infrastructures","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Comparing direct funding to OIs with the research activity they enable (measured by adjacent awards) indicates that OIs provide a strong return on investment.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-38/c22","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/60b4d200908f4ad2","nativeRecordCid":"7bef7068-542a-4050-9524-5bd8e1e96859","documentId":"open-science-source-38","id":"c22","text":"Direct financial contributions, including grants, are the primary source of support for many open infrastructures.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"financial support for open infrastructures","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"IOI’s 2024 research into the characteristics of and sources of financial support[1] for open infrastructure (OI) showed that direct financial contributions, including grants, are the primary source of support for many OIs.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-38/c23","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/5544a5ad85914a10","nativeRecordCid":"a89ec39b-829b-4216-936d-f7899919fd8b","documentId":"open-science-source-38","id":"c23","text":"\"Adjacent\" awards are defined as awards made to projects that utilize open infrastructure in some way.","kind":"definitional","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"Adjacent awards (funding category)","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"We define “Adjacent” awards as awards that are made to projects that utilize open infrastructure in some way.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-38/c24","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/d1071beb09b44549","nativeRecordCid":"0ce12b38-582a-4592-9293-bdc397ddb022","documentId":"open-science-source-38","id":"c24","text":"Adjacent awards can include projects that develop new applications making use of or interacting with existing open infrastructure.","kind":"definitional","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"Adjacent awards (funding category)","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"This could be as significant as developing new applications that make use of or interact with existing infrastructure, the use of the entire corpus hosted in an open repository for research purposes, or simply depositing a dataset or preprint to an open repository.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-38/c25","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/bf3dfe5ae4934f8f","nativeRecordCid":"9d91d950-a767-4efb-966a-6bf349c00600","documentId":"open-science-source-38","id":"c25","text":"Adjacent awards can include the use of the entire corpus hosted in an open repository for research purposes.","kind":"definitional","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"Adjacent awards (funding category)","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"This could be as significant as developing new applications that make use of or interact with existing infrastructure, the use of the entire corpus hosted in an open repository for research purposes, or simply depositing a dataset or preprint to an open repository.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-38/c26","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/796dc06be8394860","nativeRecordCid":"ff10f643-1b4c-40b9-9f19-a7fa142218ea","documentId":"open-science-source-38","id":"c26","text":"Adjacent awards can include simply depositing a dataset or preprint to an open repository.","kind":"definitional","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"Adjacent awards (funding category)","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"This could be as significant as developing new applications that make use of or interact with existing infrastructure, the use of the entire corpus hosted in an open repository for research purposes, or simply depositing a dataset or preprint to an open repository.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-38/c27","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/c32d075fa6ad4d7b","nativeRecordCid":"5b8a1197-ce0d-4d74-88e4-efbaf32cda59","documentId":"open-science-source-38","id":"c27","text":"Adjacent funding support may provide an important signal of the overall impact of open infrastructure by quantifying how much research activity the existence and openness of open infrastructure makes possible.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"Adjacent funding support (impact signal)","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"This type of support may provide an important signal of the overall impact of open infrastructure by quantifying just how much research activity the existence (and openness) of open infrastructure makes possible.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-38/c28","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/d0d2e786979f44f8","nativeRecordCid":"3ecc8341-8812-4afc-8517-035e92a6e4ee","documentId":"open-science-source-38","id":"c28","text":"Open infrastructures appear to offer sound return on investment in terms of the research activity they enable.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"Open infrastructures' return on investment","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Within the bounds of our dataset, when we compare the direct support to OIs with the research activity they support (as measured by the sum of adjacent awards for that OI), OIs appear to offer sound return on investment in terms of the activity they enable (Table 4).","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-38/c29","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/b1099be39f7b42ec","nativeRecordCid":"939397c5-bd0a-499c-9ec4-8489bb53e600","documentId":"open-science-source-38","id":"c29","text":"Indirect cost rates typically range from 30-70%.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"Indirect cost rates","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Indirect cost rates typically range from 30-70%[11] and reflect the real cost of supporting research at a university.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-38/c30","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/397472c78eb447dc","nativeRecordCid":"21a443c5-a84c-4ada-b8f7-b8ed63857cf6","documentId":"open-science-source-38","id":"c30","text":"Indirect cost rates reflect the real cost of supporting research at a university.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"Indirect cost rates","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Indirect cost rates typically range from 30-70%[11] and reflect the real cost of supporting research at a university.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-38/c31","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/3ae49b075dd14813","nativeRecordCid":"6f4be5ea-e9f8-488c-a60c-701e8623433d","documentId":"open-science-source-38","id":"c31","text":"Indirect cost charges support shared infrastructure and services, including facilities and their upkeep, research administration, and information technology support.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"Indirect cost charges","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"These charges support shared infrastructure and services, including the cost of facilities and their upkeep, research administration (including regulatory compliance), information technology support, and more.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-38/c32","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/82cd44c4de364570","nativeRecordCid":"64044f56-0d0f-4d17-96ec-848eda890af1","documentId":"open-science-source-38","id":"c32","text":"Significant direct financial support from US federal funding sources for open infrastructure is in jeopardy.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"US federal funding support for OIs","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"First, significant direct financial support from US federal funding sources is in jeopardy.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-38/c33","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/fc3ff99b32d44003","nativeRecordCid":"215cd5d8-2f89-4fa3-98bb-40f050ead124","documentId":"open-science-source-38","id":"c33","text":"Nearly all of the open infrastructures with active federal funding play an important role in the free and open dissemination of research results.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"OIs with active federal funding","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Notably, nearly all of the OIs with active federal funding play an important role in the free and open dissemination of research results.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-38/c34","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/61eb09e2bacd4f52","nativeRecordCid":"1d25d323-a0a2-40d9-8f53-43d6bb6f759a","documentId":"open-science-source-38","id":"c34","text":"Research activity that relies on open infrastructure is experiencing uncertainty and potential loss of funds due to the termination of current funded projects and reductions in future funding.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"Research activity relying on open infrastructure","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Second, the research activity that relies on open infrastructure is experiencing the same uncertainty and potential loss of funds due to the termination of current funded projects as well as reductions in future funding.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-38/c35","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/b2d453dbb69e405a","nativeRecordCid":"fd513f8a-f3e6-4691-a832-6cd701b221ab","documentId":"open-science-source-38","id":"c35","text":"For open infrastructures that operate with any measure of cost recovery from their users, funding uncertainty makes financial planning difficult.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"OIs with cost recovery from users","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"For OIs that operate with any measure of cost recovery from their users, this makes financial planning difficult and may result in a loss of revenue.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-38/c36","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/fcfa988a887d4a17","nativeRecordCid":"a05e4880-cee0-4c4c-8a4c-7cccb72ce5bd","documentId":"open-science-source-38","id":"c36","text":"Funding uncertainty may result in a loss of revenue for open infrastructures that operate with cost recovery from their users.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"OIs with cost recovery from users","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"For OIs that operate with any measure of cost recovery from their users, this makes financial planning difficult and may result in a loss of revenue.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-38/c37","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/1b574e5136424c7b","nativeRecordCid":"4ce4d13c-df77-4fb1-bce3-4a48241c97a5","documentId":"open-science-source-38","id":"c37","text":"The threat of dramatic decreases to overhead charges will exert substantial budgetary pressure on colleges and universities.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"Overhead charge decreases","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Third, the threat of dramatic decreases to “overhead” charges will exert substantial budgetary pressure on colleges and universities.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-38/c38","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/7311e4fe9cfd4c1d","nativeRecordCid":"147e225a-33b5-47e7-82a8-c3495ebc5396","documentId":"open-science-source-38","id":"c38","text":"Colleges and universities will be looking for cost savings in response to budgetary pressure from decreased overhead charges.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"Colleges and universities","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"They will be looking for cost savings, potentially resulting in a decrease in membership or other types of contributions to OIs.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-38/c39","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/300e1455371b44d8","nativeRecordCid":"112e2262-40d6-477a-9837-a93836b4fbca","documentId":"open-science-source-38","id":"c39","text":"Cost savings sought by colleges and universities may potentially result in a decrease in membership or other contributions to open infrastructures.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"Colleges and universities' cost savings","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"They will be looking for cost savings, potentially resulting in a decrease in membership or other types of contributions to OIs.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-38/c40","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/6abeacedf4c649e8","nativeRecordCid":"dbfa1640-7e43-49be-94bf-23e5824c065e","documentId":"open-science-source-38","id":"c40","text":"Invest in Open Infrastructure brings significant value to conversations around funding for open infrastructure and its use.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"Invest in Open Infrastructure (IOI)","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"We think we bring significant value to conversations around funding for open infrastructure and its use.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-38/c41","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/f523744417b94719","nativeRecordCid":"6adb9936-394a-45cd-81b5-1bda45ae79d8","documentId":"open-science-source-38","id":"c41","text":"Sharing grant award metadata in open and standards-compliant repositories and transfer systems, with permissive licensing, would support the discovery and reuse of this information.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"Sharing of grant award metadata","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Sharing grant award metadata in open and standards-compliant repositories and transfer systems, with permissive licensing, would support the discovery and reuse of this information.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-38/c42","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/4f52fa0c47f742ea","nativeRecordCid":"228750b5-bc6d-4230-a28d-0157bd6aac6a","documentId":"open-science-source-38","id":"c42","text":"Invest in Open Infrastructure is a supporter of the Barcelona Declaration on Open Research Information.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"Invest in Open Infrastructure (IOI)","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Invest in Open Infrastructure is a supporter of the Barcelona Declaration on Open Research Information, and we encourage others to support and adopt its principles.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-38/c43","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/e3ec412c43134a7b","nativeRecordCid":"66583e9b-d687-417a-b64d-9e67438a4381","documentId":"open-science-source-38","id":"c43","text":"Other organizations should support and adopt the principles of the Barcelona Declaration on Open Research Information.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"other organizations","subject":"Barcelona Declaration principles","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Invest in Open Infrastructure is a supporter of the Barcelona Declaration on Open Research Information, and we encourage others to support and adopt its principles.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-38/c44","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/1d44a2c093e84e5c","nativeRecordCid":"f28f9746-311b-44b4-a031-3c9538a24c5f","documentId":"open-science-source-38","id":"c44","text":"Open infrastructures most commonly cite the need for funding for research and development, closely followed by operations.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"OIs' funding needs","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"OIs most commonly cite the need for funding for research and development, closely followed by operations.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-38/c45","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/c3501fa6235e4e08","nativeRecordCid":"8631b952-712c-43cd-aa10-36ade38c9c3b","documentId":"open-science-source-38","id":"c45","text":"Open infrastructures based in North America are more likely than those in other regions to say that their primary source of funding comes from program service revenue rather than contributions or another source.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"North American OIs' funding sources","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"OIs based in North America were more likely than those in other regions to say that their primary source of funding comes from program service revenue, rather than contributions, or another source.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-38/c46","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/54b4634645b74602","nativeRecordCid":"e5c76a1a-b4fa-4744-a7eb-be6b5f3272ee","documentId":"open-science-source-38","id":"c46","text":"Deeper examination reveals a spectrum of practices and characteristics that blurs the binary distinction between open and closed tools and platforms.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"Open vs. closed tools and platforms","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Deeper examination reveals a spectrum of practices and characteristics that blur this binary distinction.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-38/c47","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/656a52a73e764287","nativeRecordCid":"2ab4ff6a-9852-4a56-81a0-fc9c65077457","documentId":"open-science-source-38","id":"c47","text":"IOI's annual snapshot of data from Infra Finder provides an authoritative source of information about the governance, business form and finances, policies, community engagement, and technical attributes of over 100 open infrastructures.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"Infra Finder dataset","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"IOI’s annual snapshot of data from Infra Finder[1] provides an authoritative source of information about the governance, business form and finances, policies, community engagement, and technical attributes of over 100 open infrastructures (OIs).","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-38/c48","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/9141be3499c04e1c","nativeRecordCid":"2c9f9c02-8dbb-4d2a-85f8-d2510b772510","documentId":"open-science-source-38","id":"c48","text":"The web of connections among open infrastructures highlights the collaborative potential within the open infrastructure ecosystem.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"Web of connections among open infrastructures","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"This web of connections highlights not only the collaborative potential within the ecosystem but also its complexity and fragility.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-38/c49","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/97297f0dd02c4cdc","nativeRecordCid":"30ea7e58-bb72-479e-bd48-239f8d9572d9","documentId":"open-science-source-38","id":"c49","text":"The web of connections among open infrastructures highlights the complexity of the open infrastructure ecosystem.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"Web of connections among open infrastructures","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"This web of connections highlights not only the collaborative potential within the ecosystem but also its complexity and fragility.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-38/c50","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/b8135c3d0288422f","nativeRecordCid":"b892f07b-13bb-4adb-b944-19a82fd8814a","documentId":"open-science-source-38","id":"c50","text":"The web of connections among open infrastructures highlights the fragility of the open infrastructure ecosystem.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"Web of connections among open infrastructures","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"This web of connections highlights not only the collaborative potential within the ecosystem but also its complexity and fragility.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-38/c51","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/27182c0926594ff1","nativeRecordCid":"58d1b581-2383-4501-9ce1-77ad9f0e5cbf","documentId":"open-science-source-38","id":"c51","text":"Open research tools have flexibility as a notable advantage.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"open research tools","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"One of the notable advantages of open research tools is their flexibility.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-38/c52","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/98525338d47f4c60","nativeRecordCid":"142b5384-ae17-4dcf-a5d0-33781ca93329","documentId":"open-science-source-38","id":"c52","text":"Users of open research tools can customize solutions to meet their needs.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"open research tools","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"As a user, you can customize solutions to meet your needs and migrate your data to new solutions if those needs change.","representedInStars":false}
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{"key":"open-science-source-38/c151","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/0636efd88fbf4e47","nativeRecordCid":"6f54d977-ab20-4d31-9bf3-0698f812b401","documentId":"open-science-source-38","id":"c151","text":"Dependence on commercial cloud providers generates concerns about data security, privacy, and other academic values that often misalign with corporate practices.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"dependence on commercial cloud providers","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Research is highly dependent on commercial cloud providers like Amazon Web Services (AWS), another example of “siphoning resources out of the academy into corporate pockets” and generating concerns about data security, privacy, and other academic values that often misalign with corporate practices (Kathleen Fitzpatrick, personal communication, April 2, 2025).","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-38/c152","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/f24976c7b67e4388","nativeRecordCid":"2f1e3238-e8f2-4471-a21f-9fcc80c60acd","documentId":"open-science-source-38","id":"c152","text":"Examples of infrastructure hosted on academic servers, rather than via commercial cloud providers, are increasingly rare.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"academically hosted infrastructure","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Examples of infrastructure hosted on academic servers, rather than via commercial cloud providers\n\nare increasingly rare.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-38/c153","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/973028055ebd4f90","nativeRecordCid":"22d96f89-2378-4c49-9715-6e782910f7fa","documentId":"open-science-source-38","id":"c153","text":"It is difficult for a single institution to maintain its own modern, reliable hosting infrastructure.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"single-institution hosting infrastructure","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Recent news that arXiv plans to move to Google Cloud Platform (GCP) prompted discussion about the risks of vendor lock-in and increased costs, while also underscoring the difficulty of a single institution maintaining its own modern, reliable hosting infrastructure (Kasanmascheff, 2025).","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-38/c154","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/2144c6711cd343a3","nativeRecordCid":"11349d1e-eb1d-4d63-9863-99b6fe10ab5a","documentId":"open-science-source-38","id":"c154","text":"Pooling resources to build necessary hosting infrastructure could allow libraries across entire regions or countries to support a wide array of institutional infrastructure projects that currently use commercial cloud hosting services.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"pooled hosting infrastructure resources","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Pooling resources to build necessary hosting infrastructure could allow libraries across entire regions or countries to support the wide array of institutional infrastructure projects, such as repositories, digital collections, publishing platforms, and research software that currently use commercial cloud hosting services.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-38/c155","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/a243b821a5fa44ac","nativeRecordCid":"f837b721-a6fc-4adf-9e55-a9376000b651","documentId":"open-science-source-38","id":"c155","text":"Plan S explicitly endorses Gold Open Access, while other policies such as the Nelson Memo remain ambiguous about the mechanisms for public access.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"Plan S and the Nelson Memo","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"While policies like Plan S explicitly endorse Gold Open Access (the business model where authors pay to publish), others like the Nelson Memo remain ambiguous about the mechanisms for public access (Hampson & Steinhauer, 2023).","representedInStars":false}
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{"key":"open-science-source-38/c157","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/cc1bf5c2c027400a","nativeRecordCid":"9525bfb1-6f42-4e01-aecf-ccece426e341","documentId":"open-science-source-38","id":"c157","text":"Well-resourced commercial publishers can quickly adapt business models.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"well-resourced commercial publishers","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Meanwhile, well-resourced commercial publishers can quickly adapt business models, develop new revenue streams, and maintain influential advocacy positions that shape policies in their favour (Jennifer Gibson, personal communication, April 2, 2025).","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-38/c158","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/1ae77e59a9554dae","nativeRecordCid":"e93bc4a5-27c9-499a-a0fd-162c40d02348","documentId":"open-science-source-38","id":"c158","text":"Well-resourced commercial publishers can develop new revenue streams.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"well-resourced commercial publishers","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Meanwhile, well-resourced commercial publishers can quickly adapt business models, develop new revenue streams, and maintain influential advocacy positions that shape policies in their favour (Jennifer Gibson, personal communication, April 2, 2025).","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-38/c159","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/7b146749d5494ba9","nativeRecordCid":"db69c3ac-2d17-40c7-ba94-1017ba471127","documentId":"open-science-source-38","id":"c159","text":"Well-resourced commercial publishers can maintain influential advocacy positions that shape policies in their favour.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"well-resourced commercial publishers","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Meanwhile, well-resourced commercial publishers can quickly adapt business models, develop new revenue streams, and maintain influential advocacy positions that shape policies in their favour (Jennifer Gibson, personal communication, April 2, 2025).","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-38/c160","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/2c1a2eb65f074412","nativeRecordCid":"924e5ef8-123f-4f5e-8641-9a5363923b30","documentId":"open-science-source-38","id":"c160","text":"Research institutions are shifting limited resources to accommodate rising publication costs, largely by converting portions of their library collections budgets to cover publication costs.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"research institutions' library budgets","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Research institutions are already shifting limited resources to accommodate these changes, largely by converting portions of their library collections budget to “cover some publication costs, whether via an APC fund available to institutional authors, via Read-andPublish contracts that cover APCs in bulk, or via direct subsidies to support open access ventures” (Sharp et al., 2023).","representedInStars":false}
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{"key":"open-science-source-38/c196","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/d2c2971023f74539","nativeRecordCid":"93475872-645a-4170-8c81-ce6b75e96451","documentId":"open-science-source-38","id":"c196","text":"Abrupt policy shifts and political uncertainty require frequently adjusting even near-term plans.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"","subject":"adjusting plans amid policy uncertainty","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Abrupt policy shifts and political uncertainty requires frequently adjusting even near-term plans.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-38/c197","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/b0761e22fdfc4d4f","nativeRecordCid":"c6b12ec2-c306-4a10-a62a-d624460b1101","documentId":"open-science-source-38","id":"c197","text":"The NSTC's Desirable Characteristics of Data Repositories for Federally Funded Research is an influential set of guidelines for data sharing infrastructure.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"NSTC data repository guidelines","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"In the US, for example, the NSTC’s Desirable Characteristics of Data Repositories for Federally Funded Research, an influential set of guidelines for data sharing infrastructure, appear to have been erased from the White House website.[17]","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-38/c198","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/7bf4a4db1dc84eac","nativeRecordCid":"71df29a9-76cf-4dc2-8dcf-4d8cbaf99919","documentId":"open-science-source-38","id":"c198","text":"Identifying which services, positions, and technologies are critical may depend on unpredictable policy changes, making it difficult for institutions to know where to focus or where to cut.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"identifying critical services amid policy unpredictability","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Identifying which services, positions, and technologies are critical may depend on unpredictable policy changes, making it difficult for institutions to know where to focus or where to cut when they don’t know which requirements they will need to address (Jonah McAllister-Erickson, personal communication, March 21, 2025).","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-38/c199","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/112d28265d2b436e","nativeRecordCid":"b57fe8cf-369c-4057-9c37-237d9dc2c382","documentId":"open-science-source-38","id":"c199","text":"Even in countries with strong open science foundations, political shifts can threaten progress.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"political shifts' threat to open science progress","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Even in countries with strong open science foundations, political shifts can threaten progress.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-38/c200","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/a046e63a042a4fe5","nativeRecordCid":"1ca069b0-93a5-4866-8056-3ecfdc5457a1","documentId":"open-science-source-38","id":"c200","text":"Supporting the development of community-owned infrastructure, built on open source software, where researchers, academic institutions, and the public have a stake in ownership and governance, can create a more resilient system.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"community-owned open source infrastructure","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Supporting the development of community-owned infrastructure, built on open source software, where researchers, academic institutions, and the public have a stake in ownership and governance, can create a more resilient system and insulate against government interference or disruption.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-38/c201","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/b89ccda88d5745fa","nativeRecordCid":"9634d240-1a56-44c2-a656-9ea3ac03ff17","documentId":"open-science-source-38","id":"c201","text":"Supporting the development of community-owned infrastructure, built on open source software, where researchers, academic institutions, and the public have a stake in ownership and governance, can insulate against government interference or disruption.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"community-owned open source infrastructure","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Supporting the development of community-owned infrastructure, built on open source software, where researchers, academic institutions, and the public have a stake in ownership and governance, can create a more resilient system and insulate against government interference or disruption.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-38/c202","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/8a0b1af80c804360","nativeRecordCid":"bc556529-ae77-43f4-b7f9-55cbcd97b2c4","documentId":"open-science-source-38","id":"c202","text":"For researchers outside North America and Western Europe, open source technologies offer a viable, cost-effective alternative to the technological infrastructure provided by big tech and/or powerful, well-resourced nations.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"open source technologies for underserved researchers","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"For researchers outside North America and Western Europe, open source technologies “offer a viable, cost-effective alternative to the technological infrastructure provided by big tech and/or powerful, well-resourced nations” (Steinhart et al., 2024).","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-38/c203","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/a37bacd5a2624a53","nativeRecordCid":"46f1d1e6-4f53-4a23-95dc-ff25672a5f7b","documentId":"open-science-source-38","id":"c203","text":"Sustainable business models must be established for independent, community-owned infrastructure organizations to flourish without being overly reliant on government funding.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"","subject":"sustainable business models for independent infrastructure orgs","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"This requires establishing sustainable business models for these independent organizations to flourish without being overly reliant on government funding.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-38/c204","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/e1de34d147dc42a2","nativeRecordCid":"b5530c22-2f8f-4795-b563-d7d71acb6341","documentId":"open-science-source-38","id":"c204","text":"There is growing concern about government censorship or manipulation of research results and public data.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"government censorship or manipulation of research data","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Given growing concern about government censorship or manipulation of research results and public data, it is essential to collaborate on and fund projects that are preserving and safeguarding copies in trusted, distributed repositories.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-38/c205","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/86fc2ff44780400f","nativeRecordCid":"e9906a9d-0a9f-445d-94f3-362918b5a836","documentId":"open-science-source-38","id":"c205","text":"It is essential to collaborate on and fund projects that preserve and safeguard copies of research results and public data in trusted, distributed repositories.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"","subject":"preserving research data in distributed repositories","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Given growing concern about government censorship or manipulation of research results and public data, it is essential to collaborate on and fund projects that are preserving and safeguarding copies in trusted, distributed repositories.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-38/c206","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/0337edce94a44096","nativeRecordCid":"003817c6-17e9-4030-824f-b46397f9cc28","documentId":"open-science-source-38","id":"c206","text":"The volatility of the current funding landscape in the US may directly and indirectly affect open infrastructure organizations and services tied to research and scholarly communication worldwide.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"OI organizations and services","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The volatility of the current funding landscape in the US may directly and indirectly affect OI organizations and services tied to research and scholarly communication worldwide; we need ways to study, understand, and decisively act across stakeholder roles and geolocations to bolster and strengthen these critical resources.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-38/c207","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/bd3564e97d7e4374","nativeRecordCid":"d92b107e-0b73-4b1a-bfd7-5cc9cc19efda","documentId":"open-science-source-38","id":"c207","text":"There is a need for ways to study, understand, and decisively act across stakeholder roles and geolocations in order to bolster and strengthen critical open infrastructure resources.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"","subject":"studying, understanding, and acting to support OI resources","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The volatility of the current funding landscape in the US may directly and indirectly affect OI organizations and services tied to research and scholarly communication worldwide; we need ways to study, understand, and decisively act across stakeholder roles and geolocations to bolster and strengthen these critical resources.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-38/c208","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/e298af1b98f5443f","nativeRecordCid":"b462c831-b88f-4441-875c-d798c511505e","documentId":"open-science-source-38","id":"c208","text":"Data about infrastructure use could be layered with additional information about the infrastructures to tell much more nuanced stories about the types of relationships and potential engagements possible between open infrastructures.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"data about infrastructure use","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"We suspect that data about infrastructure use could be layered with additional information about the infrastructures, including the types of data we collect in Infra Finder, to tell much more nuanced stories about the types of relationships and potential engagements possible between OIs. This could help to identify groups of infrastructures that are best suited to work closely together, something that may help to reduce cost, increase visibility, and/or achieve scale for OIs in a challenging funding climate.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-38/c209","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/f5c11c5f4dd94b5d","nativeRecordCid":"0c693f89-7dc6-4da6-aee4-b9d181ed1c72","documentId":"open-science-source-38","id":"c209","text":"Layering data about infrastructure use with additional information about the infrastructures could help identify groups of infrastructures that are best suited to work closely together.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"layering infrastructure use data","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"We suspect that data about infrastructure use could be layered with additional information about the infrastructures, including the types of data we collect in Infra Finder, to tell much more nuanced stories about the types of relationships and potential engagements possible between OIs. This could help to identify groups of infrastructures that are best suited to work closely together, something that may help to reduce cost, increase visibility, and/or achieve scale for OIs in a challenging funding climate.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-38/c210","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/fff46e1f35224086","nativeRecordCid":"4d50f6be-482e-49b0-b0d7-3e3bfea33137","documentId":"open-science-source-38","id":"c210","text":"Identifying groups of infrastructures that are best suited to work closely together may help reduce cost for open infrastructures in a challenging funding climate.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"identifying groups of infrastructures suited to work together","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"This could help to identify groups of infrastructures that are best suited to work closely together, something that may help to reduce cost, increase visibility, and/or achieve scale for OIs in a challenging funding climate.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-38/c211","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/b1039ce4139540f6","nativeRecordCid":"eb7fb52c-ffe6-4e67-9977-3a9dc33165b3","documentId":"open-science-source-38","id":"c211","text":"Identifying groups of infrastructures that are best suited to work closely together may help increase visibility for open infrastructures in a challenging funding climate.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"identifying groups of infrastructures suited to work together","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"This could help to identify groups of infrastructures that are best suited to work closely together, something that may help to reduce cost, increase visibility, and/or achieve scale for OIs in a challenging funding climate.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-38/c212","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/b4229db915164265","nativeRecordCid":"5044246c-908b-410f-af4b-cd75b7515c15","documentId":"open-science-source-38","id":"c212","text":"Identifying groups of infrastructures that are best suited to work closely together may help achieve scale for open infrastructures in a challenging funding climate.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"identifying groups of infrastructures suited to work together","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"This could help to identify groups of infrastructures that are best suited to work closely together, something that may help to reduce cost, increase visibility, and/or achieve scale for OIs in a challenging funding climate.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-38/c213","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/990b0dbaa7074a30","nativeRecordCid":"9ec8e522-6de0-4578-8ea6-c51a75929ee5","documentId":"open-science-source-38","id":"c213","text":"Funding is an obvious and widespread concern for organizations and services in Infra Finder and the wider open infrastructure community.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"funding as a concern for OI organizations","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Funding is an obvious and widespread concern, but not all organizations and services in Infra Finder (and in the wider community) face the same types and levels of threats.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-38/c214","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/a2d31171050245c0","nativeRecordCid":"102d97b9-6c57-411e-9fa3-6880cd9582c2","documentId":"open-science-source-38","id":"c214","text":"Not all organizations and services in Infra Finder and the wider open infrastructure community face the same types and levels of threats.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"types and levels of threats facing OI organizations","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Funding is an obvious and widespread concern, but not all organizations and services in Infra Finder (and in the wider community) face the same types and levels of threats.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-38/c215","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/7be74ed447c549da","nativeRecordCid":"7434b59a-412a-4aaa-82f4-31e4b5ea9d0e","documentId":"open-science-source-38","id":"c215","text":"Specificity is essential in addressing the funding threats facing open infrastructure organizations and services.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"","subject":"specificity in addressing OI funding threats","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Specificity is key.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-38/c216","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/f25c5ac8b9a94799","nativeRecordCid":"a662da3a-dec0-4153-b134-155743ae2667","documentId":"open-science-source-38","id":"c216","text":"The implications of US-based funding actions on open research practices throughout the world are significant.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"implications of US actions on open research practices","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The implications of these and other US-based actions on open research practices throughout the world are significant.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-38/c217","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/f4f8c2725b394c12","nativeRecordCid":"85638b95-a532-43e5-bc22-536f54ca020a","documentId":"open-science-source-38","id":"c217","text":"Cuts to open science have already occurred in parts of Europe and Latin America.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"cuts to open science in Europe and Latin America","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Prior to this moment, we were already seeing cuts to open science in parts of Europe and Latin America; but now, as the world deals with the collateral damage done by US withdrawals from various defense, foreign aid, and unification environments, we expect that some of the impacted countries will be motivated to divert even more of their available resources in these directions, potentially to the detriment of their funding for research and science.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-38/c218","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/ddc5c2373bf240af","nativeRecordCid":"e6d880e9-a28b-4612-8ac0-6044e86b0e83","documentId":"open-science-source-38","id":"c218","text":"Countries impacted by US withdrawals from defense, foreign aid, and unification environments are likely to divert more of their available resources toward those areas, potentially to the detriment of their funding for research and science.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"countries impacted by US withdrawals","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Prior to this moment, we were already seeing cuts to open science in parts of Europe and Latin America; but now, as the world deals with the collateral damage done by US withdrawals from various defense, foreign aid, and unification environments, we expect that some of the impacted countries will be motivated to divert even more of their available resources in these directions, potentially to the detriment of their funding for research and science.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-38/c219","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/f1faee7d06b043a6","nativeRecordCid":"ad4e9df5-ae4d-45f4-bbad-709c54b5f679","documentId":"open-science-source-38","id":"c219","text":"The funding landscape is changing quickly and radically in ways that will negatively impact multiple funding streams for open infrastructures worldwide.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"funding landscape for OIs","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The landscape is quickly and radically changing in ways that seem certain to negatively impact multiple funding streams for OIs worldwide.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-38/c220","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/81206c17302d4058","nativeRecordCid":"143c4ce8-f1f0-4265-ade8-b80bee226afb","documentId":"open-science-source-38","id":"c220","text":"Understanding which open infrastructures are at risk at pivotal moments is essential to preventing real disruptions and losses to open infrastructures on a broad scale.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"","subject":"understanding at-risk open infrastructures","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Understanding which open infrastructures are at risk at pivotal moments will be key to preventing real disruptions and losses on a broad scale.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-38/c221","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/32455a0d0e3e45c3","nativeRecordCid":"851492fc-b609-43d7-90dd-82e7b6f6f2f4","documentId":"open-science-source-38","id":"c221","text":"Getting access to information about what is most at risk for open infrastructures is difficult because it depends on many developing external factors and on how secure, embedded, and resilient each open infrastructure is.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"access to information about OI risk","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Getting access to information about what is most at risk is difficult: it depends on many developing external factors, as well as how secure/embedded/resilient each OI is.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-38/c222","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/add84f40f59c4cf7","nativeRecordCid":"09cb6a88-96fc-4b88-83b4-f501ba98c42a","documentId":"open-science-source-38","id":"c222","text":"Far less attention has been given to the impact of funding changes on the bottom lines and narrow margins of open infrastructures serving the research community than to the impact of these changes on higher education and researchers.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"attention to OI bottom lines vs higher education","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"And while much attention has been given to the ways this will impact higher education (especially in the US) and scientists and other researchers, far less attention has been given to the way these changes will impact the bottom lines and narrow margins of OIs serving the research community, including hosted or embedded groups and free standing organizations that rely on membership revenues from libraries.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-38/c223","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/2a5c660fa8064ca3","nativeRecordCid":"553c40ba-52d1-482f-811c-fa75699454ef","documentId":"open-science-source-38","id":"c223","text":"Most open infrastructures are aware that their own business models are likely to be challenged or compromised by the changes underway regarding US federal funding for research and higher education.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"OIs' awareness of business model risk","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Based on both formal and informal reports, we gathered that most OIs were (painfully) aware that their own business models were likely to be challenged or compromised by the massive changes underway regarding US federal funding for research and higher education.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-38/c224","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/b7ca2f1e3fda4a1b","nativeRecordCid":"4b44070d-e6b9-4bc1-860b-49c4c7c7954d","documentId":"open-science-source-38","id":"c224","text":"Open infrastructures can be viewed as corollaries to physical infrastructure like roads and bridges.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"open infrastructures","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Infra Finder currently features more than 100 open infrastructures serving research and scholarship. These open infrastructures can be viewed as corollaries to physical infrastructure like roads and bridges: They are elements that undergird the way knowledge moves among creators, reviewers, service providers (commercial and non-profit) and users. They include digital and technical components (e.g., repositories, platforms, aggregators, and search-and-discovery systems); standards (e.g., frameworks, identifiers, metadata schemas, and a host of best practices, norms, assessment, and certification programs); and social “glue” (e.g., associations, working groups, and collaborative networks).","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-38/c225","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/44d7956c270a4a78","nativeRecordCid":"7b1e3e9b-6c75-4f0b-8ad0-5421a99b9e54","documentId":"open-science-source-38","id":"c225","text":"Open infrastructures are elements that undergird the way knowledge moves among creators, reviewers, service providers, and users.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"open infrastructures' role in knowledge movement","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Infra Finder currently features more than 100 open infrastructures serving research and scholarship. These open infrastructures can be viewed as corollaries to physical infrastructure like roads and bridges: They are elements that undergird the way knowledge moves among creators, reviewers, service providers (commercial and non-profit) and users. They include digital and technical components (e.g., repositories, platforms, aggregators, and search-and-discovery systems); standards (e.g., frameworks, identifiers, metadata schemas, and a host of best practices, norms, assessment, and certification programs); and social “glue” (e.g., associations, working groups, and collaborative networks).","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-38/c226","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/ac2839b9347546ed","nativeRecordCid":"607a83a7-31ab-4e54-8c9b-ddf010844386","documentId":"open-science-source-38","id":"c226","text":"Open infrastructures include digital and technical components such as repositories, platforms, aggregators, and search-and-discovery systems.","kind":"definitional","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"open infrastructures' digital and technical components","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"They include digital and technical components (e.g., repositories, platforms, aggregators, and search-and-discovery systems); standards (e.g., frameworks, identifiers, metadata schemas, and a host of best practices, norms, assessment, and certification programs); and social “glue” (e.g., associations, working groups, and collaborative networks).","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-38/c227","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/e3931de080dd471a","nativeRecordCid":"2c3aba34-ddfb-4821-abe6-4e18370c3248","documentId":"open-science-source-38","id":"c227","text":"Open infrastructures include standards such as frameworks, identifiers, metadata schemas, and a host of best practices, norms, assessment, and certification programs.","kind":"definitional","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"open infrastructures' standards","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"They include digital and technical components (e.g., repositories, platforms, aggregators, and search-and-discovery systems); standards (e.g., frameworks, identifiers, metadata schemas, and a host of best practices, norms, assessment, and certification programs); and social “glue” (e.g., associations, working groups, and collaborative networks).","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-38/c228","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/e70a1bcf4a5d4d4b","nativeRecordCid":"a3cec773-17d6-4141-84da-139053566132","documentId":"open-science-source-38","id":"c228","text":"Open infrastructures include social 'glue' such as associations, working groups, and collaborative networks.","kind":"definitional","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"open infrastructures' social glue","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"They include digital and technical components (e.g., repositories, platforms, aggregators, and search-and-discovery systems); standards (e.g., frameworks, identifiers, metadata schemas, and a host of best practices, norms, assessment, and certification programs); and social “glue” (e.g., associations, working groups, and collaborative networks).","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-38/c229","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/04b1a1e45d3d4a9a","nativeRecordCid":"5602601d-a2c7-4ad5-bf13-7c7a81f004b9","documentId":"open-science-source-38","id":"c229","text":"The term 'open infrastructure' has a complicated set of definitions.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"definitions of the term 'open infrastructure'","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Particularly given the complicated set of definitions that emerge around the term “open infrastructure,” we knew that we needed clear boundaries and a concrete set of selections to ensure consistency in our poll results.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-38/c230","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/dfd0073da32944d9","nativeRecordCid":"ee9766d1-26a2-42a2-8664-083bb193a5a9","documentId":"open-science-source-38","id":"c230","text":"Poll respondents' selections demonstrate the wide and distributed usage of many infrastructures in IOI stakeholders' daily work, in ways that respondents described as vital.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"poll respondents' infrastructure selections","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Poll respondents selected 80 OIs — nearly three quarters of all infrastructures in Infra Finder. Their selections demonstrate the wide and distributed usage of many infrastructures in IOI stakeholders’ daily work, not just tangentially but in ways that these respondents described as “vital.”","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-38/c231","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/4a91855c82034b14","nativeRecordCid":"147910df-5e3b-40c4-ae5b-9c17ffbdd924","documentId":"open-science-source-38","id":"c231","text":"Concentration refers to how compact or how spread out the results are.","kind":"definitional","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"concentration (term)","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"By the term concentration, we mean how compact or how spread out the results are.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-38/c232","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/6e4b7d7164e84849","nativeRecordCid":"d2146466-d263-42ae-924d-85d42603e925","documentId":"open-science-source-38","id":"c232","text":"As Infra Finder grows over time, the long tail of infrequently-named infrastructures is likely to increase.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"Infra Finder's long tail of infrastructures","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"As Infra Finder grows over time, this long tail is likely to increase as well; it is no small factor in considering what infrastructures are at risk in the current landscape.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-38/c233","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/452895442d804115","nativeRecordCid":"46145c61-7cd0-46af-af52-4fe557a308c2","documentId":"open-science-source-38","id":"c233","text":"People in different roles rely on different infrastructure components.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"people in different roles","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"People in different roles rely on different infrastructure components.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-38/c234","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/46d0da5d19a64887","nativeRecordCid":"470473c6-e993-4050-ad9e-cb05f3308f86","documentId":"open-science-source-38","id":"c234","text":"Analyses of open infrastructure tools and related planning activities should include the perspectives of multiple stakeholder types and roles.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"","subject":"inclusion of diverse stakeholder perspectives in OI analyses/planning","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The data show how important it is to include the perspectives of multiple stakeholder types/roles in analyses of OI tools, and also in any planning activities undertaken at a meta-level to understand and/or respond to OI needs.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-38/c235","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/0f0eef12ddd7431d","nativeRecordCid":"907260b1-78e0-4167-aa06-4eb2fa3b5200","documentId":"open-science-source-38","id":"c235","text":"Infra Finder does not yet include any open source licensing/copyright tools.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"Infra Finder","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"This dependence was far less pronounced in the open infrastructure selections by Data science/metadata or Technology respondents; however, Infra Finder does not yet include any open source licensing/copyright tools.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-38/c236","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/b6e0640ded6f4198","nativeRecordCid":"28337f0c-8c4d-4920-bf3f-38f10c352da0","documentId":"open-science-source-38","id":"c236","text":"Those who rely on infrastructure services may not be investing in the tools that those services depend upon, whether through volunteer contributions of time and energy or through financial contributions.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"service users' investment in underlying tools","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Those who partake in services may not be investing in the tools that those services rely upon, both in terms of their volunteer contributions of time and energy and also in terms of financial contributions.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-38/c237","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/6f3fd0a4948d4b9d","nativeRecordCid":"5c3b0800-891b-43ec-90cf-ab18991b2554","documentId":"open-science-source-38","id":"c237","text":"The current scholarly communication ecosystem relies upon standards, specifications, and protocols.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"scholarly communication ecosystem","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Given the degree to which the current scholarly communication ecosystem, perhaps especially publishing, relies upon these standards, this may be worth deeper exploration in future studies to understand how visible these are for publishers and why they may not have been top of mind for these respondents.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-38/c238","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/465c37568b8c4af9","nativeRecordCid":"d997a5f3-f77b-400a-bef1-608257162f7f","documentId":"open-science-source-38","id":"c238","text":"The weightedness of the connections between infrastructures is a crucial marker of the relationship between them.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"connections between infrastructures","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"We know that the weightedness of the connections between infrastructures (e.g., the difference between two infrastructures being cited together once versus two infrastructures being cited together 15 times) is a crucial marker of relationship, one that we could study on the basis of such factors as interdependence (e.g., one infrastructure is built upon another infrastructure); relatedness (e.g., named infrastructures interoperate); and other forms of connection (e.g., two named infrastructures often support the same content workflow, or two named infrastructures perform related functions, or even two named infrastructures were created by or are organizational hosted by the same group of people).","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-38/c239","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/0036614024cc4023","nativeRecordCid":"6d48c3cc-55eb-46e4-affa-465bce7a71ae","documentId":"open-science-source-38","id":"c239","text":"Open infrastructures can fill out an expression of interest to join Infra Finder at any time.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"joining Infra Finder","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"We will likely prioritize these standards in our next calls for submissions to Infra Finder (note: open infrastructures can fill out an expression of interest to join at any time; we consider applications on a rolling basis).","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-38/c240","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/5c8d9a7eb8d7485e","nativeRecordCid":"22600e76-04b5-4115-8bf7-606d1120f200","documentId":"open-science-source-38","id":"c240","text":"Infra Finder considers applications to join on a rolling basis.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"Infra Finder's application review process","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"We will likely prioritize these standards in our next calls for submissions to Infra Finder (note: open infrastructures can fill out an expression of interest to join at any time; we consider applications on a rolling basis).","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-38/c241","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/549404405e654afc","nativeRecordCid":"cd03638b-8b43-46cc-9eee-92239cb50d37","documentId":"open-science-source-38","id":"c241","text":"Most high-selection infrastructures have a much broader array of matches with other infrastructures.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"high-selection infrastructures","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"By contrast, most high-selection infrastructures have a much broader array of matches, e.g., one of the Open scholarly datasets that respondents selected a similar number of times to both pairs with 36 infrastructures (with 106 total matches).","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-38/c242","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/e4011a1ce5c34b3e","nativeRecordCid":"c6cd8c5b-c21a-4eab-86ab-3f83f3585519","documentId":"open-science-source-38","id":"c242","text":"Constellations are defined as sets or groupings of infrastructures that most often appear together.","kind":"definitional","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"constellations (term)","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"we hoped to be able to identify which sets or groupings of infrastructures most often appear together. We term these groupings constellations","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-38/c243","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/0ce099b2b1cc4da5","nativeRecordCid":"aaa47590-5ca2-424b-b728-66d90922fd00","documentId":"open-science-source-38","id":"c243","text":"Analysis of infrastructure constellations, especially layered with additional infrastructure data such as business/organizational model, governance model, location, code languages, and dependencies, might provide the most nuanced and interesting stories about relationships between open infrastructures.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"analysis of infrastructure constellations","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"we suspect this type of analysis might provide the most nuanced and interesting stories about the relationships between OIs, particularly if this data were layered with additional information about the infrastructures, including the types of data we collect in Infra Finder regarding each infrastructure’s business/ organizational model, governance model, location, code language(s), dependencies, and other key facets.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-38/c244","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/296649eac79843ce","nativeRecordCid":"d815f749-3ef9-4a6a-b003-db0419ab22ea","documentId":"open-science-source-38","id":"c244","text":"Constellation analysis could identify groups of infrastructures well suited to work more closely together, especially if that helps reduce cost, increase visibility, or achieve scale.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"constellation analysis","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"This could identify groups that might be well suited to work more closely together, especially if that helps to reduce cost, increase visibility, and/or achieve scale.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-38/c245","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/22184a5733154877","nativeRecordCid":"0969eb9c-c278-4d3e-8b11-b4adb20ca975","documentId":"open-science-source-38","id":"c245","text":"Interconnectivity between open infrastructures is dense.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"interconnectivity between open infrastructures","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"First, interconnectivity between infrastructures is dense, even with the very basic data we gathered in this poll.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-38/c246","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/b743388814844aec","nativeRecordCid":"9c119051-06ce-4e57-9dea-c702abe0f151","documentId":"open-science-source-38","id":"c246","text":"The current US research environment is volatile.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"US research environment","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Given the volatility of the current US research environment in particular, establishing how infrastructures function in relationship with each other can help them to raise their visibility and connectedness.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-38/c247","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/2a068058524a4ea0","nativeRecordCid":"e5d3437f-3008-4e3e-b252-d587b46fab7d","documentId":"open-science-source-38","id":"c247","text":"Establishing how infrastructures function in relationship with each other can help them raise their visibility and connectedness.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"infrastructure relationships","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Given the volatility of the current US research environment in particular, establishing how infrastructures function in relationship with each other can help them to raise their visibility and connectedness.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-38/c248","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/cc9367731a414002","nativeRecordCid":"0fa9b897-a741-42a6-86c7-218d248e64aa","documentId":"open-science-source-38","id":"c248","text":"Understanding infrastructure relationships may be helpful in creating new fundraising mechanisms that work with groups of institutions sharing a vested interest in specific sets of infrastructures.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"understanding infrastructure relationships","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"This may be helpful in creating new fundraising mechanisms that work with groups of institutions (e.g., library consortia or disciplinary societies) that share a vested interest in specific sets of infrastructures.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-38/c249","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/2be70386699a46da","nativeRecordCid":"df4cf6dd-03f3-41d1-b6f4-985448cfd09b","documentId":"open-science-source-38","id":"c249","text":"Understanding infrastructure relationships may help open infrastructures find ways to team up to gain adoption and scale and to reinforce, rather than compete with, each other's assets, skills, and operational environments.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"open infrastructures teaming up","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"It may also help OIs find ways to team up to gain adoption, scale, and reinforce, rather than compete with, each others’ assets, skills, and operational environments.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-38/c250","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/38e95547598d426b","nativeRecordCid":"1caab3d5-c4c1-470b-ad7f-6d0e50fa7f41","documentId":"open-science-source-38","id":"c250","text":"DataCite encompasses Make Data Count.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"DataCite","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"For example, DataCite encompasses Make Data Count and it is part of the governing collaborative of ROR.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-38/c251","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/fae21390e45a4fd6","nativeRecordCid":"bedba638-c937-47fb-ad0e-56218d7c9a5e","documentId":"open-science-source-38","id":"c251","text":"DataCite is part of the governing collaborative of ROR.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"DataCite","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"For example, DataCite encompasses Make Data Count and it is part of the governing collaborative of ROR.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-38/c252","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/d888fee449c34bcd","nativeRecordCid":"f7545953-8363-42cc-8e20-70fe920295cb","documentId":"open-science-source-38","id":"c252","text":"Make Data Count does not have its own Infra Finder entry.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"Make Data Count","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Make Data Count does not have its own Infra Finder entry.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-38/c253","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/73946bc5b4f04211","nativeRecordCid":"a4ad7af7-ac2b-4aa4-bfe4-b5b155e7ca2c","documentId":"open-science-source-38","id":"c253","text":"PKP (Public Knowledge Project) appears in four Infra Finder entries.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"PKP","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"PKP (Public Knowledge Project) appears in four Infra Finder entries; all of its services rely on PKP.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-38/c254","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/7a8dd858d0024a63","nativeRecordCid":"3c49359d-e1ec-4d2f-8679-c4345647d83a","documentId":"open-science-source-38","id":"c254","text":"All of PKP's services rely on PKP.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"PKP","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"PKP (Public Knowledge Project) appears in four Infra Finder entries; all of its services rely on PKP.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-38/c255","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/f661a5f15bed43b5","nativeRecordCid":"61096c4f-4a56-4beb-a1e1-4a36121d7716","documentId":"open-science-source-38","id":"c255","text":"There is a lot of dependency among open infrastructures and their communities.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"open infrastructures","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"What is clear is that there is a lot of dependency among open infrastructures (and their communities).","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-38/c256","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/a3852f2767cc4316","nativeRecordCid":"a332ec0b-4d5a-441a-9d5f-03511e2e23b4","documentId":"open-science-source-38","id":"c256","text":"The loss of the humans behind maintenance of local instances of open infrastructures and their own development work would be more catastrophic than losing the infrastructures themselves.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"loss of humans behind OI maintenance","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"One respondent noted something we found particularly resonant — that the loss of the humans behind maintenance of local instances of OIs and of the OIs’ own development work would be more catastrophic than losing the infrastructures themselves.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-38/c257","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/18c8871f4e8045e0","nativeRecordCid":"89d54b6f-831c-49d9-981f-30efbf777de1","documentId":"open-science-source-38","id":"c257","text":"Infra Finder is an opt-in service to which any open infrastructure can submit an application for review.","kind":"definitional","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"Infra Finder","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Note that Infra Finder is an “opt in” service to which any open infrastructure can submit an application for review; those open infrastructures that are not included have not been omitted intentionally, they just have not yet approached us.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-38/c258","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/496755645ae1480d","nativeRecordCid":"e3fe5db6-22f6-404d-870c-afe0c4aa2da5","documentId":"open-science-source-38","id":"c258","text":"Open infrastructures that are not included in Infra Finder have not been omitted intentionally; they just have not yet approached IOI.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"open infrastructures not in Infra Finder","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Note that Infra Finder is an “opt in” service to which any open infrastructure can submit an application for review; those open infrastructures that are not included have not been omitted intentionally, they just have not yet approached us.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-38/c259","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/358542bd0d054cd0","nativeRecordCid":"43949452-efd6-44f5-9e48-b89ea06f30be","documentId":"open-science-source-38","id":"c259","text":"Gaining the necessary vantage point on interdependencies in the larger landscape requires understanding how open infrastructure serves research and scholarship, including what infrastructures do, where they are based, how they are funded, and who owns, governs, or controls them.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"","subject":"gaining vantage point on OI interdependencies","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"interdependencies in the larger landscape requires first understanding how “open infrastructure” serves research and scholarship, including key characteristics such as what they do, where they are based, how they are funded, and who owns, governs, or controls them.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-38/c260","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/cbd909d507bd4bd5","nativeRecordCid":"bd6c80db-9529-4a5b-a796-3146bf2146f3","documentId":"open-science-source-38","id":"c260","text":"Funders, builders, and users of open infrastructure cannot support everything that has been built to date.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"funders, builders, and users of open infrastructure","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"We cannot support everything that we have built to date.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-38/c261","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/77a1aeda1f9648b9","nativeRecordCid":"8401a23c-9511-4537-b261-a8faa53ceeae","documentId":"open-science-source-38","id":"c261","text":"Attempting to support everything that has been built to date does not amount to supporting infrastructure.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"supporting all existing infrastructure","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Doing so is not supporting “infrastructure,” it is more likely to increase clutter and distraction in the landscape.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-38/c262","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/d28831e9422a4842","nativeRecordCid":"b1c9a8cf-fb70-4bfa-b605-90bbdcb3d0c6","documentId":"open-science-source-38","id":"c262","text":"Attempting to support everything that has been built to date is more likely to increase clutter and distraction in the landscape.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"supporting all existing infrastructure","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Doing so is not supporting “infrastructure,” it is more likely to increase clutter and distraction in the landscape.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-38/c263","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/eb65ed3319634646","nativeRecordCid":"4a5d4815-2e96-4276-bd84-d4d6ff5babb4","documentId":"open-science-source-38","id":"c263","text":"The knowledge and research landscape is rapidly changing.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"knowledge and research landscape","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Our knowledge and research landscape is rapidly changing.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-38/c264","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/e9c9c2c3479c4d9f","nativeRecordCid":"460e5288-ccac-4f46-96f7-810b27c767b6","documentId":"open-science-source-38","id":"c264","text":"Open infrastructure stakeholders must take deliberate steps along an active path to choose how they change, rather than passively waiting to see what gets discontinued or dies on the vine.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"funders, builders, and users of open infrastructure","subject":"choosing how open infrastructure changes","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"What we can choose is how we want to change — but we only get to choose how by taking deliberate steps along an active path rather than passively waiting to first see what gets discontinued or what dies on the vine.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-38/c265","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/2d6bfaf59c934d95","nativeRecordCid":"cb3d1eb2-b853-4486-b17b-562a37fdd80c","documentId":"open-science-source-38","id":"c265","text":"Infrastructure relies on meeting broad-based needs with community-wide investment and adoption.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"infrastructure sustainability","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Infrastructure relies on meeting broad-based needs with community-wide investment and adoption.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-38/c266","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/cb625a73c588400e","nativeRecordCid":"6bd9f4af-7696-4726-a566-735177aafacc","documentId":"open-science-source-38","id":"c266","text":"Major sources of funding for open infrastructure are disappearing.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"funding for open infrastructure","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Especially in a moment in which major sources of funding are disappearing and long standing partners (e.g.,\n\ngovernment) are no longer consistent or trusted, we need to differentiate between the tools, protocols, services, and environments that are needed by many, versus those that satisfy more specific (though still crucial) needs of a smaller subsets of research communities.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-38/c267","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/d3af8c71b5fe4c55","nativeRecordCid":"1575437d-3787-40af-9123-8baa5b748271","documentId":"open-science-source-38","id":"c267","text":"Long standing partners of open infrastructure, such as government, are no longer consistent or trusted.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"long standing partners of open infrastructure","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Especially in a moment in which major sources of funding are disappearing and long standing partners (e.g.,\n\ngovernment) are no longer consistent or trusted, we need to differentiate between the tools, protocols, services, and environments that are needed by many, versus those that satisfy more specific (though still crucial) needs of a smaller subsets of research communities.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-38/c268","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/0bf88b968dc84a0b","nativeRecordCid":"1360b267-8cb3-4926-b0fe-f6d6fa277eba","documentId":"open-science-source-38","id":"c268","text":"It is necessary to differentiate between the tools, protocols, services, and environments that are needed by many and those that satisfy more specific needs of smaller subsets of research communities.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"funders, builders, and users of open infrastructure","subject":"differentiating infrastructure needs","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Especially in a moment in which major sources of funding are disappearing and long standing partners (e.g.,\n\ngovernment) are no longer consistent or trusted, we need to differentiate between the tools, protocols, services, and environments that are needed by many, versus those that satisfy more specific (though still crucial) needs of a smaller subsets of research communities.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-38/c269","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/ad2be3d4a5464a7a","nativeRecordCid":"72b5acf5-0975-4469-9c86-7462bc68bb8a","documentId":"open-science-source-38","id":"c269","text":"Tools, protocols, services, and environments needed by many, and those needed by smaller subsets of research communities, need different investment structures and strategies to succeed.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"funders, builders, and users of open infrastructure","subject":"investment structures for infrastructure resources","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"These two types of resources need different investment structures and strategies to succeed.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-38/c270","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/36451c0af3624673","nativeRecordCid":"95baac4d-3c7f-4f64-bd37-5bdaa5a0fd37","documentId":"open-science-source-38","id":"c270","text":"Questions about how to differentiate infrastructure investment must be asked in new ways.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"IOI","subject":"questions about infrastructure investment","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"What running this poll in this historical moment has largely done for us at IOI is to convince us that these are questions we have to be asking in new ways, even though (or maybe because) they are subjective and very hard to work with and/or tally without distortion.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-38/c271","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/12dd8b9830b94c60","nativeRecordCid":"19861a89-8005-47cf-8985-0ef4dec8bdf3","documentId":"open-science-source-38","id":"c271","text":"Questions about infrastructure investment differentiation are subjective.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"questions about infrastructure investment","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"What running this poll in this historical moment has largely done for us at IOI is to convince us that these are questions we have to be asking in new ways, even though (or maybe because) they are subjective and very hard to work with and/or tally without distortion.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-38/c272","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/717dbb20cb0e408e","nativeRecordCid":"53e2e990-c7a8-448e-87ca-3507e52cf5f8","documentId":"open-science-source-38","id":"c272","text":"Questions about infrastructure investment differentiation are very hard to work with and tally without distortion.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"questions about infrastructure investment","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"What running this poll in this historical moment has largely done for us at IOI is to convince us that these are questions we have to be asking in new ways, even though (or maybe because) they are subjective and very hard to work with and/or tally without distortion.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-38/c273","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/78eb448661614d2e","nativeRecordCid":"af194d48-dfea-4254-9305-edd9ef626980","documentId":"open-science-source-38","id":"c273","text":"Information about design, coding language, type of openness, community engagement, governance, usage and adoption levels, dependencies, interoperability, financial stability, hosting model, and values matters a great deal when creating a plan for the future sustainability and care of open infrastructures.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"characteristics of open infrastructures","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The poll approach provides insights that we hope can be used with other data, including sources like Infra Finder, to give a cogent sense of what people most need, care about, and value alongside other information about design, coding language, type of openness, community engagement, governance, usage and adoption levels, dependencies, interoperability, financial stability, hosting model, values (e.g., transparency, openness), and many other characteristics that matter a great deal when trying to create a plan for the future sustainability and care of our OIs.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-38/c274","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/863e7369446047b2","nativeRecordCid":"4a67848c-6597-4a5a-a5ff-eb1b35a1e91c","documentId":"open-science-source-38","id":"c274","text":"IOI often catches glimpses of emerging trends in open infrastructure and adjacent fields.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"IOI","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Because of the wide-ranging work we do at IOI, we often catch glimpses of emerging trends in open infrastructure and adjacent fields.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-38/c275","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/b32dde2c046d4c31","nativeRecordCid":"8c641e80-55b9-48db-a0c9-3ddbadf7bac3","documentId":"open-science-source-38","id":"c275","text":"The values of open, whatever they might be in different areas of the field, should be reflected on and articulated and expressed without reservations.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"","subject":"values of open","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"In compiling these pieces for this publication, we noted a particular throughline: a call to\n\nreflect on the values of open, whatever they might be in different areas of the field, and to articulate and express those values without reservations.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-38/c276","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/e9a79726eed4431f","nativeRecordCid":"7056e7ce-14d7-4144-a56e-853156dbe382","documentId":"open-science-source-38","id":"c276","text":"Words used in the field can act as shortcuts for meanings.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"words used in the field","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"In our first section on the binaries that shape our language around open, we explore how our words can be shortcuts for meanings that may become increasingly obscured.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-38/c277","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/2d4dfce5786d4d34","nativeRecordCid":"d0778844-b483-417e-8720-262f6337204f","documentId":"open-science-source-38","id":"c277","text":"Meanings behind words used in the field may become increasingly obscured.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"meanings behind words used in the field","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"In our first section on the binaries that shape our language around open, we explore how our words can be shortcuts for meanings that may become increasingly obscured.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-38/c278","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/0642e09126424710","nativeRecordCid":"e0027d4c-b449-4e33-b551-12c3463bf814","documentId":"open-science-source-38","id":"c278","text":"The concept of open is under debate.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"the concept of open","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"In the second section, we discover that the very concept of open is under debate, and tensions exist between the large-scale adoption of open technologies and the need to ensure those technologies serve their users.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-38/c279","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/e78cdc6dec494d7c","nativeRecordCid":"bd82f600-4d58-49f2-b8ba-2d933f8c9539","documentId":"open-science-source-38","id":"c279","text":"Tensions exist between the large-scale adoption of open technologies and the need to ensure those technologies serve their users.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"adoption of open technologies","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"In the second section, we discover that the very concept of open is under debate, and tensions exist between the large-scale adoption of open technologies and the need to ensure those technologies serve their users.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-38/c280","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/359f1db80f964fe9","nativeRecordCid":"1fdf4d11-9b46-443c-a2f8-95ada8c8a358","documentId":"open-science-source-38","id":"c280","text":"Measures of the health of open source and open infrastructure communities reflect the underlying needs of those communities for sustainable, values-aligned tools and services.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"measures of community health","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Finally, we consider some of the recent signals from the field regarding the health of open source and open infrastructure communities, and how those measures reflect the underlying needs of our communities for sustainable, values-aligned tools and services.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-38/c281","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/0fab1649812548cf","nativeRecordCid":"11c627b3-28b0-4d9e-988a-9e7f45dd27b2","documentId":"open-science-source-38","id":"c281","text":"Binary labels like \"open vs. closed\" or \"nonprofit vs. commercial\" often obscure more than they reveal.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"binary labels in open infrastructure","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Binary labels like “open vs. closed” or “nonprofit vs. commercial” often obscure more than they reveal.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-38/c282","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/ed0b59de4e454b01","nativeRecordCid":"7909cafa-0820-47b7-80b1-3e207788c846","documentId":"open-science-source-38","id":"c282","text":"Values-driven work in open infrastructure transcends organizational labels.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"values-driven work in open infrastructure","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Values-driven work in open infrastructure transcends organizational labels.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-38/c283","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/532e0174e55f4a7d","nativeRecordCid":"7309eb2d-244b-493c-8e45-927672712f82","documentId":"open-science-source-38","id":"c283","text":"Alignment with community needs, sustainable practices, and collaborative practices can matter more than the names of business models.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"alignment with community needs and practices","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Alignment with community needs, sustainable practices, and collaborative practices can matter more than the names of business models.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-38/c284","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/bb174d8a194a448d","nativeRecordCid":"fd0cd78a-dc8c-460c-80de-c193fdca1897","documentId":"open-science-source-38","id":"c284","text":"Language is infrastructure.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"language","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Language is infrastructure.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-38/c285","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/8e2982e5143540d6","nativeRecordCid":"66c6d868-e3c8-4939-90fa-b71e6127a9db","documentId":"open-science-source-38","id":"c285","text":"The words used to describe open infrastructure work, like \"sustainability,\" \"mission-driven,\" and \"open,\" carry assumptions that can shape perceptions.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"words describing open infrastructure work","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The words we use, like “sustainability,” “mission-driven,” and “open,” carry assumptions that can shape not only perceptions but also opportunities for funding and partnerships.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-38/c286","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/c78657b7e6fc4312","nativeRecordCid":"c5f7ac56-2034-493c-848a-4601eaed13d0","documentId":"open-science-source-38","id":"c286","text":"The words used to describe open infrastructure work carry assumptions that can shape opportunities for funding and partnerships.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"words describing open infrastructure work","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The words we use, like “sustainability,” “mission-driven,” and “open,” carry assumptions that can shape not only perceptions but also opportunities for funding and partnerships.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-38/c287","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/f04cfa793a114295","nativeRecordCid":"b68da120-7938-4920-a5c6-0ef1b7458c31","documentId":"open-science-source-38","id":"c287","text":"A binary fallacy is the assumption that complex, nuanced realities can be neatly divided into either/or categories.","kind":"definitional","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"binary fallacy","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"what we’ve come to call a binary fallacy: the assumption that complex, nuanced realities can be neatly divided into either/or categories.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-38/c288","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/c890599081cd412e","nativeRecordCid":"99f959a0-5bde-4c78-a3f8-5dbb237707de","documentId":"open-science-source-38","id":"c288","text":"Guides and spectra of openness can help describe what \"open\" means in a way that holds more value than a rigid definition.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"guides and spectra of openness","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Guides like these and other spectra can help us describe what “open” means in a way that holds more value than a rigid definition.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-38/c289","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/c4ba5d2577e04e40","nativeRecordCid":"f5a05f28-a718-4fae-b6fc-81205c299ddd","documentId":"open-science-source-38","id":"c289","text":"Guides and spectra of openness can serve as aspirational frameworks that help guide development instead of shutting out potential participants.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"guides and spectra of openness","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Furthermore, they can serve as aspirational frameworks to help guide development, instead of shutting out potential participants in our open infrastructure work.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-38/c290","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/654ca4c960cc4c63","nativeRecordCid":"795fca73-8988-432f-acd3-1252cffa69f0","documentId":"open-science-source-38","id":"c290","text":"\"Open\" is a gradable adjective rather than an absolute one, meaning something can be more or less open according to a set of descriptive parameters.","kind":"definitional","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"the term \"open\"","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"In this way, we view “open” as a gradable adjective, rather than an absolute one — something can be more or less “open” according to a set of descriptive parameters.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-38/c291","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/b17669cd020c4092","nativeRecordCid":"53bb05e0-d8d7-4826-b21f-e8ac74d52cd0","documentId":"open-science-source-38","id":"c291","text":"\"Open\" can be expressed in various ways.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"the term \"open\"","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Following this assertion, we know that “open” can be expressed in various ways, but that there are some key shared values underlying the use of that term.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-38/c292","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/38c28cc969204de4","nativeRecordCid":"5ea7f6dc-9114-43ea-a079-199e771d87b8","documentId":"open-science-source-38","id":"c292","text":"There are key shared values underlying the use of the term \"open\".","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"the term \"open\"","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Following this assertion, we know that “open” can be expressed in various ways, but that there are some key shared values underlying the use of that term.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-38/c293","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/5ad9672cc9d943ae","nativeRecordCid":"6aae654c-7b7c-4df4-93ac-530c30408d58","documentId":"open-science-source-38","id":"c293","text":"Openness includes users of a tool, service, or resource having the opportunity to exit.","kind":"definitional","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"openness / opportunity to exit","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Geoffrey Bilder shared a core value that underlies many of the context-specific parameters: that there is “an opportunity for users of a tool, service, or resource to exit”.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-38/c294","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/5114fb14c7014a65","nativeRecordCid":"86297302-edb4-490a-a311-3747238a81d8","documentId":"open-science-source-38","id":"c294","text":"Openness includes a tool, service, or resource operating collaboratively with its community of users rather than focusing on growth, extraction, or capture of the commons.","kind":"definitional","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"openness / community operation","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Joshua Neds-Fox shared a related core value of “open” in his view: that a tool, service, or resource is open to “operating collaboratively with its community of users in a way that’s not focused simply on growth, extraction, or capture of the commons”.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-38/c295","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/7f7e9fef4c1e4d1e","nativeRecordCid":"edaaf952-8a93-41de-8aa4-f35cdcaee63e","documentId":"open-science-source-38","id":"c295","text":"Community governance and input from users is a key mechanism for longevity and trust in open infrastructure.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"community governance and user input","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"According to Neds-Fox’s view, this focus on community governance and input from users is a key mechanism to longevity and trust in open infrastructure.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-38/c296","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/6489025fc2d64df1","nativeRecordCid":"395f5cf4-7eee-4079-a523-1f64b9063eab","documentId":"open-science-source-38","id":"c296","text":"Open, community governance is a mechanism to avoid users' need to exit.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"open community governance","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"We see this as a complement to Bilder’s exit strategy assertion: open, community governance is a mechanism to avoid users’ need to exit, but the exit strategy can operate as a guarantee of real and meaningful community engagement.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-38/c297","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/913d0d82a6bc43ef","nativeRecordCid":"bfd9a247-faa3-40e2-8f0c-b0d4a09344e3","documentId":"open-science-source-38","id":"c297","text":"The exit strategy can operate as a guarantee of real and meaningful community engagement.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"exit strategy","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"We see this as a complement to Bilder’s exit strategy assertion: open, community governance is a mechanism to avoid users’ need to exit, but the exit strategy can operate as a guarantee of real and meaningful community engagement.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-38/c298","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/fbfa9bb8b54c45a1","nativeRecordCid":"4852126b-42c9-414a-8f05-ef124f390784","documentId":"open-science-source-38","id":"c298","text":"\"Open\" can connote a wide field of meanings, including but not limited to access, participation, and licensing.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"the term \"open\"","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"As we see here, “open” can connote a wide field of meanings, including but not limited to access, participation, and licensing.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-38/c299","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/aa1dda1c13084706","nativeRecordCid":"daf9fa2e-de37-4034-a86e-5398bce66076","documentId":"open-science-source-38","id":"c299","text":"Some commercial vendors operate with deep commitments to mission and values.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"commercial vendors","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Some commercial vendors operate with deep commitments to mission and values.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-38/c300","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/4296c73dc61d4cd4","nativeRecordCid":"eca357f2-8900-4677-821e-f76a79be98ce","documentId":"open-science-source-38","id":"c300","text":"Some non-profits pursue market-based strategies.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"non-profits","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Some non-profits pursue marketbased strategies and can lack transparency or community alignment.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-38/c301","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/65a65dbcee3b40f5","nativeRecordCid":"a9f7d69e-3aac-4f88-8f32-0e356f4e574d","documentId":"open-science-source-38","id":"c301","text":"Some non-profits can lack transparency or community alignment.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"non-profits","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Some non-profits pursue marketbased strategies and can lack transparency or community alignment.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-38/c302","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/f995832bec7f4b10","nativeRecordCid":"3deb3708-d6f9-41be-8319-1f31190a8876","documentId":"open-science-source-38","id":"c302","text":"Saying \"nonprofit\" carries a cultural shorthand that suggests being mission-driven, people-centred, and values-aligned.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"the label \"nonprofit\"","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Saying “nonprofit” carries a cultural shorthand that suggests being mission-driven, people-centred, and values-aligned.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-38/c303","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/46d74750cc88409a","nativeRecordCid":"135c6a75-e95d-4070-8120-5275433b2e29","documentId":"open-science-source-38","id":"c303","text":"The cultural shorthand of \"nonprofit\" can be misleading.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"the label \"nonprofit\"","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"But as Bilder and others in our network have pointed out, this shorthand can be misleading.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-38/c304","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/84fd7716299c468f","nativeRecordCid":"c3e70343-3266-4315-a80f-6e81d16b7abb","documentId":"open-science-source-38","id":"c304","text":"Some non-profit organizations don't act in alignment with community values.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"non-profit organizations","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Some non-profit organizations don’t act in alignment with community values, and some commercial organizations do.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-38/c305","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/5377f83269a44701","nativeRecordCid":"079af8b2-3a21-4740-83f1-cbf5590096c4","documentId":"open-science-source-38","id":"c305","text":"Some commercial organizations act in alignment with community values.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"commercial organizations","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Some non-profit organizations don’t act in alignment with community values, and some commercial organizations do.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-38/c306","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/27563fa83e8444d5","nativeRecordCid":"f792af7e-21c7-4bc7-a1a5-ed81eed4e839","documentId":"open-science-source-38","id":"c306","text":"The term \"non-profit\" is not synonymous with \"trustworthy.\"","kind":"definitional","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"the term \"non-profit\"","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"“non-profit” isn’t synonymous with “trustworthy.”","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-38/c307","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/e6827ffd95fb43c2","nativeRecordCid":"9de42570-c611-4774-b075-062390539b95","documentId":"open-science-source-38","id":"c307","text":"The terms \"mission-driven\" and \"community-led\" fail to capture the potential complexity of alignment with community values.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"terms \"mission-driven\" and \"community-led\"","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"“Mission-driven” and “community-led” are other terms that we have seen used similarly as a signal of that alignment, but which also fail to capture the potential complexity.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-38/c308","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/d6c5769799014b9c","nativeRecordCid":"72e19c04-4b76-4a02-902c-edbb6d181803","documentId":"open-science-source-38","id":"c308","text":"If a mission is not in harmony with the broader community or if that community is not leading the initiative, that alignment may be counterproductive in a values-based ecosystem like open infrastructure.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"mission-community alignment","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"If the mission itself isn’t in harmony with the broader community or if that community is not the one leading the initiative — say, if a mission prioritizes the interests of shareholders above all else — that alignment may be counterproductive in a values-based ecosystem like open infrastructure.","representedInStars":false}
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{"key":"open-science-source-38/c310","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/c070c9d9d6da4232","nativeRecordCid":"322a3a4f-6a61-472c-8243-8de931d55dd9","documentId":"open-science-source-38","id":"c310","text":"The terms \"research\"/\"infrastructure\" and \"creators\"/\"maintainers\" and their related meanings shape funding landscapes.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"terms 'creators' and 'maintainers'","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"These terms and their related constellations of meaning shape funding landscapes, perceived value, and even career trajectories.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-38/c311","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/03bb705be1674bd4","nativeRecordCid":"3aba4d4a-8a26-4259-84ab-ec4538b08048","documentId":"open-science-source-38","id":"c311","text":"The terms \"research\"/\"infrastructure\" and \"creators\"/\"maintainers\" and their related meanings shape perceived value.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"terms 'creators' and 'maintainers'","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"These terms and their related constellations of meaning shape funding landscapes, perceived value, and even career trajectories.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-38/c312","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/8fcfffbb0eea4ee1","nativeRecordCid":"4f093fcd-7448-400a-abcd-0879a2916fe2","documentId":"open-science-source-38","id":"c312","text":"The terms \"research\"/\"infrastructure\" and \"creators\"/\"maintainers\" and their related meanings shape career trajectories.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"terms 'creators' and 'maintainers'","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"These terms and their related constellations of meaning shape funding landscapes, perceived value, and even career trajectories.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-38/c313","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/668b6c76834b4716","nativeRecordCid":"6dc77bd5-2705-492f-87ee-035dc2d00c8f","documentId":"open-science-source-38","id":"c313","text":"Much of the funding in the open infrastructure ecosystem is geared toward innovation: pilot projects, new tools, and experimental platforms.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"funding in the open infrastructure ecosystem","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Much of the funding in our ecosystem is geared toward innovation: pilot projects, new tools, and experimental platforms.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-38/c314","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/e2decb1deac94fce","nativeRecordCid":"5d8432e7-4559-447c-bea0-9c1593e94029","documentId":"open-science-source-38","id":"c314","text":"New development work in open infrastructure is exciting.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"new development work","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"This new development work is certainly exciting and vital.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-38/c315","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/a7dbdb7fe77a4779","nativeRecordCid":"ad3050a3-28df-4b8d-873f-0f6a08e69cbd","documentId":"open-science-source-38","id":"c315","text":"New development work in open infrastructure is vital.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"new development work","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"This new development work is certainly exciting and vital.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-38/c316","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/aaa3aa75ac254b0e","nativeRecordCid":"bdd4769c-6521-4fec-84ac-83caa6956fff","documentId":"open-science-source-38","id":"c316","text":"Maintenance is too often underfunded.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"maintenance","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Maintenance — the ongoing work of keeping those tools running, updating documentation, and fixing bugs — is too often underfunded or invisible, and leads to a deprecation of projects and a long-term sustainability issue.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-38/c317","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/a917ac13de89438d","nativeRecordCid":"e600d608-c5b5-4afa-8428-9330432235d6","documentId":"open-science-source-38","id":"c317","text":"Maintenance is too often invisible.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"maintenance","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Maintenance — the ongoing work of keeping those tools running, updating documentation, and fixing bugs — is too often underfunded or invisible, and leads to a deprecation of projects and a long-term sustainability issue.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-38/c318","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/935b9035a2a3488e","nativeRecordCid":"adb07248-7201-4cbe-9286-2809f70c7167","documentId":"open-science-source-38","id":"c318","text":"Underfunded or invisible maintenance leads to a deprecation of projects.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"maintenance","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Maintenance — the ongoing work of keeping those tools running, updating documentation, and fixing bugs — is too often underfunded or invisible, and leads to a deprecation of projects and a long-term sustainability issue.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-38/c319","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/bd42720398b84a52","nativeRecordCid":"94907c98-c74d-4b6f-b561-a8ca1fe02c62","documentId":"open-science-source-38","id":"c319","text":"Underfunded or invisible maintenance leads to a long-term sustainability issue.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"maintenance","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Maintenance — the ongoing work of keeping those tools running, updating documentation, and fixing bugs — is too often underfunded or invisible, and leads to a deprecation of projects and a long-term sustainability issue.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-38/c320","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/a073ef9a679641ed","nativeRecordCid":"a25d1a47-55f8-452b-8ad2-a5d51a1d7821","documentId":"open-science-source-38","id":"c320","text":"Maintainers are overburdened.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"maintainers","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"It’s well-documented that maintainers are overburdened, underappreciated, and ageing out (see, e.g. Nagle et al., 2020; Tidelift, 2024).","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-38/c321","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/6451a0a7243f43f2","nativeRecordCid":"a75b09cb-0381-4e56-8190-d661d2db07e7","documentId":"open-science-source-38","id":"c321","text":"Maintainers are underappreciated.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"maintainers","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"It’s well-documented that maintainers are overburdened, underappreciated, and ageing out (see, e.g. Nagle et al., 2020; Tidelift, 2024).","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-38/c322","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/33b092406a0a42f0","nativeRecordCid":"df311d0c-fde8-4c9d-91fd-826f2214be3f","documentId":"open-science-source-38","id":"c322","text":"Maintainers are ageing out.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"maintainers","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"It’s well-documented that maintainers are overburdened, underappreciated, and ageing out (see, e.g. Nagle et al., 2020; Tidelift, 2024).","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-38/c323","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/affda98a29574ec3","nativeRecordCid":"aef61b96-f73e-42db-98c5-c52bd29d9348","documentId":"open-science-source-38","id":"c323","text":"Selecting infrastructure requires proof of longevity.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"","subject":"infrastructure selection","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"This is in tension with the need expressed in our community for proof of longevity when selecting infrastructure.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-38/c324","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/35abd4b9f3474ea3","nativeRecordCid":"112587d1-381e-4bac-a57c-9a4755bb52da","documentId":"open-science-source-38","id":"c324","text":"Open infrastructure's long-term sustainability and longevity can establish trust in the open infrastructure space.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"open infrastructure sustainability and longevity","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Open infrastructure’s longterm sustainability and longevity can establish trust in this space.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-38/c325","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/21cc85e55d764d15","nativeRecordCid":"f1629a80-c9ae-4701-888f-56fa5c90ea17","documentId":"open-science-source-38","id":"c325","text":"Longevity does not happen without maintenance.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"longevity","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"That longevity doesn’t happen without maintenance, and maintenance suffers without funding and attention.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-38/c326","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/6bb090659de1469e","nativeRecordCid":"23b8533c-57cb-4eda-a633-2f9d5bd609cb","documentId":"open-science-source-38","id":"c326","text":"Maintenance suffers without funding and attention.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"maintenance","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"That longevity doesn’t happen without maintenance, and maintenance suffers without funding and attention.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-38/c327","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/a4fb494e0e9849eb","nativeRecordCid":"62c3ab28-141c-4043-8607-99d6a5cb3a9e","documentId":"open-science-source-38","id":"c327","text":"There is a lot of semantic baggage tied up in the terms used for creators, innovators, and maintainers.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"terms 'creator'/'innovator' vs 'maintainer'","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"There is a lot of semantic baggage tied up in these words, and funding mechanisms often define sustainability narrowly as something that can outlive a grant cycle without ongoing financial support.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-38/c328","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/b3dcda6fc7394b44","nativeRecordCid":"e6346425-6aec-4ec2-b326-b73d767daba3","documentId":"open-science-source-38","id":"c328","text":"Funding mechanisms often define sustainability narrowly as something that can outlive a grant cycle without ongoing financial support.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"funding mechanisms' definition of sustainability","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"There is a lot of semantic baggage tied up in these words, and funding mechanisms often define sustainability narrowly as something that can outlive a grant cycle without ongoing financial support.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-38/c329","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/abae3d806f2a48c3","nativeRecordCid":"5bbe1a79-769e-495e-85e4-dc47d70d517f","documentId":"open-science-source-38","id":"c329","text":"Artefactual's goal was to create alternatives to commercial digital preservation software that were both technically robust and financially accessible for archivists working in a variety of organizations and conditions.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"Artefactual's goal","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The goal of Artefactual was to create alternatives to commercial digital preservation software that were both technically robust and financially accessible for archivists working in a variety of organizations and conditions.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-38/c330","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/d8a645bdae9946fb","nativeRecordCid":"38d4b8ab-4a81-4657-ac5b-6d148f64ab8c","documentId":"open-science-source-38","id":"c330","text":"Artefactual's software is free and open source.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"Artefactual's software","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"This vision materialized in a model where the software developed by the group is free and open source, and they generate revenue through professional services such as consulting, support, training, and development (Van Garderen, 2009).","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-38/c331","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/fbfbd9417f334c31","nativeRecordCid":"774a7068-998c-4c73-b692-5f8484906d57","documentId":"open-science-source-38","id":"c331","text":"Artefactual generates revenue through professional services such as consulting, support, training, and development.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"Artefactual's revenue model","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"This vision materialized in a model where the software developed by the group is free and open source, and they generate revenue through professional services such as consulting, support, training, and development (Van Garderen, 2009).","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-38/c332","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/a01de0a7055244b4","nativeRecordCid":"bdd00fc8-72a4-4ee8-9d11-b31c1d122ac6","documentId":"open-science-source-38","id":"c332","text":"Artefactual's values include openness.","kind":"definitional","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"Artefactual's values","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The software and services are all directed under Artefactual’s four values: openness, collaboration, sustainability, and trustworthiness.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-38/c333","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/a49c794e89864000","nativeRecordCid":"4e945b1f-5f6e-4d5f-8905-4035e89ab992","documentId":"open-science-source-38","id":"c333","text":"Artefactual's values include collaboration.","kind":"definitional","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"Artefactual's values","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The software and services are all directed under Artefactual’s four values: openness, collaboration, sustainability, and trustworthiness.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-38/c334","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/1d48c8ee0e72463b","nativeRecordCid":"898e7f95-8b74-4e13-8404-e936cabaf448","documentId":"open-science-source-38","id":"c334","text":"Artefactual's values include sustainability.","kind":"definitional","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"Artefactual's values","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The software and services are all directed under Artefactual’s four values: openness, collaboration, sustainability, and trustworthiness.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-38/c335","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/9feaacfc1cbd4e69","nativeRecordCid":"195296d8-048d-4757-9b29-7f6924f7b78a","documentId":"open-science-source-38","id":"c335","text":"Artefactual's values include trustworthiness.","kind":"definitional","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"Artefactual's values","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The software and services are all directed under Artefactual’s four values: openness, collaboration, sustainability, and trustworthiness.","representedInStars":false}
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{"key":"open-science-source-38/c347","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/8aa30c9ce4124d18","nativeRecordCid":"a0a16356-8d1a-4c53-8308-3f42b862003e","documentId":"open-science-source-38","id":"c347","text":"Participatory governance is key to ensuring that dominant players do not gain undue influence at the expense of the common good.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"participatory governance","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Participatory governance is key to ensuring that dominant players do not gain undue influence at the expense of the common good.","representedInStars":false}
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{"key":"open-science-source-38/c350","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/9c4a13e1056c4502","nativeRecordCid":"4330a249-f37d-4b04-a03d-e0413075984c","documentId":"open-science-source-38","id":"c350","text":"Stakeholders should actively work to narrow the digital gap by supporting DPI development in developing economies as DPI continues to be adopted.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"stakeholders","subject":"narrowing the digital gap via DPI","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"There is a need to ensure that as DPI’s continue to be adopted, stakeholders actively work to narrow the digital gap by supporting DPI development in developing economies.","representedInStars":false}
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{"key":"open-science-source-38/c355","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/165fac24968d4f68","nativeRecordCid":"fab0595c-6970-479f-a797-e99c835fd534","documentId":"open-science-source-38","id":"c355","text":"Some of the tensions in DPI, ranging from issues with the definition of sustainability to the role of community in governance, are also challenges that open infrastructures struggle with.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"tensions shared by DPI and open infrastructures","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Some of the tensions in DPI, ranging from issues with the definition of the concept of sustainability, to the role of community in governance, are also all challenges that open infrastructures struggle with, even to date.","representedInStars":false}
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{"key":"open-science-source-38/c357","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/bb2894e8417b4a69","nativeRecordCid":"07ca2aaa-5954-4779-8889-9a55908b1f28","documentId":"open-science-source-38","id":"c357","text":"Digital Public Goods refers to technologies such as open-source software, open standards, open data, open AI systems, and open content collections.","kind":"definitional","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"Digital Public Goods (DPG)","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Digital Public Goods (DPG) refers to technologies such as open-source software, open standards, open data, open AI systems, and open content collections that adhere to privacy and other applicable laws and best practices, do no harm, and help attain the United Nations (UN) Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs).","representedInStars":false}
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{"key":"open-science-source-38/c364","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/4d0d7bba5cfb4d02","nativeRecordCid":"20dcfb05-7fe2-4123-84f6-2bfb4845f083","documentId":"open-science-source-38","id":"c364","text":"Digital Public Goods allow governments and communities to adopt interoperable tools without vendor lock-in.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"Digital Public Goods","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"In theory, DPGs provide the open-source building blocks for DPI, allowing governments and communities to adopt interoperable tools without vendor lock-in.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-38/c365","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/65339112e23f445c","nativeRecordCid":"1e315f4b-3106-4377-be96-cf0b33ff50b4","documentId":"open-science-source-38","id":"c365","text":"Public Digital Infrastructure (PDI) is a relatively new concept that refers to digital infrastructures designed to maximize public value by combining public attributes with public functions and various forms of public ownership.","kind":"definitional","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"Public Digital Infrastructure (PDI)","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Public Digital Infrastructure (PDI) is a relatively new concept that refers to digital infrastructures designed to maximize public value by combining public attributes with public functions and various forms of public ownership (Krewer & Warso, 2024).","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-38/c366","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/1268047a8d4a4c33","nativeRecordCid":"933ad446-1278-4a77-ab9e-7ab31eb43be7","documentId":"open-science-source-38","id":"c366","text":"Unlike DPI, which can lean heavily on centralized, state-led models, PDI often reflects a more grassroots, decentralized approach.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"PDI compared to DPI","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Unlike DPI, which can lean heavily on centralized, state-led models, PDI often reflects a more grassroots, decentralized approach.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-38/c367","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/a1be61d3616d4473","nativeRecordCid":"e0d7961e-2b7b-47c7-a707-1c2ac06ebb37","documentId":"open-science-source-38","id":"c367","text":"DPI enables access to and transfer of information.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"digital public infrastructure (DPI)","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"While DPI enables access to and transfer of information, and often relies on open standards and interoperability between systems, it is not necessarily built on open source solutions.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-38/c368","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/9b0ea061baf04d04","nativeRecordCid":"d77a3496-0428-4bbe-8485-67fadf78f189","documentId":"open-science-source-38","id":"c368","text":"DPI often relies on open standards and interoperability between systems.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"digital public infrastructure (DPI)","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"While DPI enables access to and transfer of information, and often relies on open standards and interoperability between systems, it is not necessarily built on open source solutions.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-38/c369","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/fa06f06abe6d4ca2","nativeRecordCid":"7fadfba1-da08-4f30-9c61-56d01ccb8f90","documentId":"open-science-source-38","id":"c369","text":"DPI is not necessarily built on open-source solutions.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"digital public infrastructure (DPI)","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"While DPI enables access to and transfer of information, and often relies on open standards and interoperability between systems, it is not necessarily built on open source solutions.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-38/c370","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/b372a1b06fc446bf","nativeRecordCid":"df16a44c-ef86-42a1-888a-20b73afd5035","documentId":"open-science-source-38","id":"c370","text":"UPI in India and Pix in Brazil use proprietary technology.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"UPI and Pix payment apps","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Payment apps like Unified Payments Interface (UPI) in India and Pix in Brazil use proprietary technology and operate as public-private partnerships.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-38/c371","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/edb211b696ac48ea","nativeRecordCid":"c97536d7-0bc1-40d5-ae5f-bec1452ac7a9","documentId":"open-science-source-38","id":"c371","text":"UPI in India and Pix in Brazil operate as public-private partnerships.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"UPI and Pix payment apps","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Payment apps like Unified Payments Interface (UPI) in India and Pix in Brazil use proprietary technology and operate as public-private partnerships.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-38/c372","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/2c4bf93d693e4860","nativeRecordCid":"c9f73a31-5f29-4562-85de-674e878ee733","documentId":"open-science-source-38","id":"c372","text":"Public-private partnerships in DPI can bring needed capacity, resources, and expertise to bear on societal needs.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"public-private partnerships in DPI","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"These types of partnerships can bring needed capacity, resources, and expertise to bear on societal needs, but can also present ethical and logistical dilemmas.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-38/c373","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/090e2f02eac74237","nativeRecordCid":"7d102849-725e-4612-baad-9f406630cda1","documentId":"open-science-source-38","id":"c373","text":"Public-private partnerships in DPI can also present ethical and logistical dilemmas.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"public-private partnerships in DPI","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"These types of partnerships can bring needed capacity, resources, and expertise to bear on societal needs, but can also present ethical and logistical dilemmas.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-38/c374","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/bd1959d1738d43a9","nativeRecordCid":"79ab3880-2b88-46d4-a4a1-f67b9118ccfa","documentId":"open-science-source-38","id":"c374","text":"The conflicting definitions of \"open\" in DPI are similar to the debates in the open infrastructure space about defining open infrastructures.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"definitions of \"open\" in DPI vs open infrastructure","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The conflicting definitions of “open” in DPI are similar to the debates in the open infrastructure space, where there have been numerous discussions about defining open infrastructures.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-38/c375","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/d6c959ac5d984ac3","nativeRecordCid":"ab9a6b51-874e-4d2f-b740-9073a8305659","documentId":"open-science-source-38","id":"c375","text":"Some scholars try to define open infrastructures holistically.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"defining open infrastructures","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Some have tried to define open infrastructures holistically, and others lean toward describing open infrastructures based on specific characteristics (SCOSS, n.d.; Collister, 2024).","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-38/c376","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/fefd712a955c42f4","nativeRecordCid":"6cacbc63-345f-477c-99c4-f27cf47b9916","documentId":"open-science-source-38","id":"c376","text":"Others describe open infrastructures based on specific characteristics.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"defining open infrastructures","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Some have tried to define open infrastructures holistically, and others lean toward describing open infrastructures based on specific characteristics (SCOSS, n.d.; Collister, 2024).","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-38/c377","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/66151499b09d4c29","nativeRecordCid":"acca7ee1-e397-450f-bc10-722657e48373","documentId":"open-science-source-38","id":"c377","text":"DPI is distinguished from other systems by human-centred design philosophy.","kind":"definitional","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"digital public infrastructure (DPI)","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Some key concepts distinguishing DPI from other systems are human centred design philosophy, robust governance, and market/private sector participation (Sang et al., 2025).","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-38/c378","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/185e64c69bb74b1c","nativeRecordCid":"2aeb44b5-9949-4c22-b6e4-4cce9d6af1d3","documentId":"open-science-source-38","id":"c378","text":"DPI is distinguished from other systems by robust governance.","kind":"definitional","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"digital public infrastructure (DPI)","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Some key concepts distinguishing DPI from other systems are human centred design philosophy, robust governance, and market/private sector participation (Sang et al., 2025).","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-38/c379","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/1440ae735b894be4","nativeRecordCid":"f7ad5f02-7f7a-4723-b235-3af8e7be59bc","documentId":"open-science-source-38","id":"c379","text":"DPI is distinguished from other systems by market/private sector participation.","kind":"definitional","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"digital public infrastructure (DPI)","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Some key concepts distinguishing DPI from other systems are human centred design philosophy, robust governance, and market/private sector participation (Sang et al., 2025).","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-38/c380","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/eb5f354257974abd","nativeRecordCid":"9f86f721-170a-4fc0-980d-4fd4cd373fd8","documentId":"open-science-source-38","id":"c380","text":"DPI must be people-centric to ensure that the public's rights to privacy and autonomy of their data are respected.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"DPI systems","subject":"people-centric design of DPI","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"One is that DPI needs to be people-centric to ensure that the public’s rights to privacy and autonomy of their data are respected.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-38/c381","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/567cfcdca878474c","nativeRecordCid":"e5207f8a-10af-47d6-b4bb-713b64ff2148","documentId":"open-science-source-38","id":"c381","text":"DPI must be interoperable to allow the sharing of data across different systems.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"DPI systems","subject":"interoperability of DPI","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"A key element of the common design philosophy is that DPI needs to be interoperable to allow the sharing of data across different systems.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-38/c382","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/1fa1563671114a0a","nativeRecordCid":"0c97018a-9358-4244-b6fd-d12f99d68a4d","documentId":"open-science-source-38","id":"c382","text":"DPI must be modular (extensible) to allow components to be built on top of each other over time.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"DPI systems","subject":"modularity of DPI","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"related to this interoperability is the fact that DPI needs to be modular (extensible) to allow components to be built on top of each other over time.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-38/c383","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/b4f2841815ad4ed3","nativeRecordCid":"33ddcf70-a370-4339-950b-ccdd3f672cea","documentId":"open-science-source-38","id":"c383","text":"DPI in principle favours data federation over data centralization.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"DPI design philosophy","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Another design philosophy is that DPI in principle favours data federation (sharing data in a secure and controlled manner over different components) over data centralization.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-38/c384","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/4fc04c453e91494e","nativeRecordCid":"c0349860-abd8-4d87-8e6f-80b25172f9a1","documentId":"open-science-source-38","id":"c384","text":"DPI should be protocol-based, using open protocols and standards to allow for diverse innovation within the system rather than relying on a single platform.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"DPI systems","subject":"protocol basis of DPI","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The final design philosophy is that DPI should be protocol based — using open protocols and standards to allow for diverse innovation within the system, rather than relying on a single platform.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-38/c385","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/a1d097eb946241da","nativeRecordCid":"b14c1d34-8a29-4f03-b578-d5cc1815c3fd","documentId":"open-science-source-38","id":"c385","text":"Participatory governance is a key feature of DPI.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"digital public infrastructure (DPI)","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Another key feature of DPI is participatory governance.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-38/c386","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/b12456e3d8474fe3","nativeRecordCid":"821aa5e2-23e2-44a1-9f58-20ba08d2da8f","documentId":"open-science-source-38","id":"c386","text":"It is essential that no one singular entity gains undue control over DPI systems, given the sensitive data domiciled in them.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"","subject":"control over DPI systems","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"This is critical because, given the sensitive data domiciled in DPI systems, it is essential that no one singular entity gains undue control over them.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-38/c387","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/5d85a323fd28495b","nativeRecordCid":"674ead11-8c98-4059-a44a-750668423942","documentId":"open-science-source-38","id":"c387","text":"Privacy by Design is a safeguard approach in which security is built into the code.","kind":"definitional","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"Privacy by Design","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"These safeguards include approaches like Privacy by Design (where security is built in the code) or Privacy by Policy (where after the infrastructure is built, there are intentional policy frameworks implemented to enhance data security).","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-38/c388","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/6e75693fc613439e","nativeRecordCid":"a6fd0dee-f057-4630-b9ca-71b3ada0204d","documentId":"open-science-source-38","id":"c388","text":"Privacy by Policy is a safeguard approach in which intentional policy frameworks are implemented after the infrastructure is built to enhance data security.","kind":"definitional","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"Privacy by Policy","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"These safeguards include approaches like Privacy by Design (where security is built in the code) or Privacy by Policy (where after the infrastructure is built, there are intentional policy frameworks implemented to enhance data security).","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-38/c389","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/308aeb58bb094c0f","nativeRecordCid":"0ea307e4-9c5a-444d-aa82-469de9827e0f","documentId":"open-science-source-38","id":"c389","text":"Market/private sector participation is meant to ensure that the private sector is an active participant in the increased adoption and scaling of DPI.","kind":"definitional","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"market/private sector participation","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Market/private sector participation is meant to ensure that the private sector is an active participant in the increased adoption and scaling of DPI, that there is enough latitude to ensure a competitive market that allows businesses of all sizes to participate, and that incentives are provided to avoid market capture by powerful players.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-38/c390","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/c563f9bd9c3044d4","nativeRecordCid":"4754221b-e1e8-4b4c-92a6-1cfe183873e0","documentId":"open-science-source-38","id":"c390","text":"Market/private sector participation is meant to ensure that there is enough latitude for a competitive market that allows businesses of all sizes to participate.","kind":"definitional","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"market/private sector participation","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Market/private sector participation is meant to ensure that the private sector is an active participant in the increased adoption and scaling of DPI, that there is enough latitude to ensure a competitive market that allows businesses of all sizes to participate, and that incentives are provided to avoid market capture by powerful players.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-38/c391","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/28d1baa37ebd4d20","nativeRecordCid":"3881367b-2e3e-4207-9c6b-4f25b8cb5358","documentId":"open-science-source-38","id":"c391","text":"Market/private sector participation is meant to ensure that incentives are provided to avoid market capture by powerful players.","kind":"definitional","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"market/private sector participation","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Market/private sector participation is meant to ensure that the private sector is an active participant in the increased adoption and scaling of DPI, that there is enough latitude to ensure a competitive market that allows businesses of all sizes to participate, and that incentives are provided to avoid market capture by powerful players.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-38/c392","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/ab6be38184b74f82","nativeRecordCid":"e667d106-72ae-4e30-a431-9e9b9d4459ef","documentId":"open-science-source-38","id":"c392","text":"In the formative stages of DPI, a number of non-profit organizations and philanthropies were at the forefront of promoting DPI use globally.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"non-profits and philanthropies promoting DPI","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"In the formative stages of DPI, a number of non-profit organizations and philanthropies were at the forefront of promoting DPI use globally.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-38/c393","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/e23775e6be484699","nativeRecordCid":"7210e951-afb4-4d9f-a1a8-f61083b149d5","documentId":"open-science-source-38","id":"c393","text":"Non-profit and philanthropy-driven promotion of DPI use globally is, in principle, a good thing.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"non-profit-driven promotion of DPI","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"While, in principle, this is a good thing, it poses a challenge for countries to apply DPI infrastructures that were built in different countries with different realities and, therefore, not aligned with the needs of local contexts.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-38/c394","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/ce4d9a31a46e4a11","nativeRecordCid":"ed31f3c0-f527-482e-8493-05ccd9c1d92d","documentId":"open-science-source-38","id":"c394","text":"It poses a challenge for countries to apply DPI infrastructures that were built in different countries with different realities and not aligned with the needs of local contexts.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"applying externally-built DPI infrastructures","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"While, in principle, this is a good thing, it poses a challenge for countries to apply DPI infrastructures that were built in different countries with different realities and, therefore, not aligned with the needs of local contexts.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-38/c395","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/b95c85aef0e24e39","nativeRecordCid":"737b7bdb-0872-4213-8d80-d9a407837b91","documentId":"open-science-source-38","id":"c395","text":"The widespread adoption of MOSIP can be attributed to its interoperability, cost effectiveness, and a lack of African alternatives.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"MOSIP adoption","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The widespread adoption of MOSIP can be attributed to its interoperability, cost effectiveness but also a lack of African alternatives.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-38/c396","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/93d311be6d1a43ab","nativeRecordCid":"4ee28762-8521-4d8d-9830-0ef1675396d5","documentId":"open-science-source-38","id":"c396","text":"There is an inherent friction between the urgent need for DPI and challenges in the speed of its implementation in developing economies.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"DPI development in developing economies","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"An inherent friction between need and speed of rollout: the need for the DPI is urgent for people, but there are often challenges in speed of implementation;","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-38/c397","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/67954ee458394415","nativeRecordCid":"1bf12f21-2639-4b07-aa4e-b0d652d8bae8","documentId":"open-science-source-38","id":"c397","text":"Local capacity to architect and build minimalist technology infrastructure solutions may be low or vary at different levels of government.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"local capacity for DPI development","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The local capacity to architect and build minimalist technology infrastructure solutions may be low or vary at different levels of government;","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-38/c398","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/7ded881ec7054252","nativeRecordCid":"6b397dd8-4290-4e70-a02f-ef61f5c912ce","documentId":"open-science-source-38","id":"c398","text":"There may be funding or budget gaps for execution of DPI, including for new software systems and for compute/hardware.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"funding gaps for DPI execution","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"There may be funding or budget gaps for execution (not just for the new software systems but also for compute/hardware); and","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-38/c399","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/4dc04544ccae4505","nativeRecordCid":"e01ddecf-e13f-4fdf-9080-6c82d5f3eb68","documentId":"open-science-source-38","id":"c399","text":"Procurement cycles may be long and tedious to kickstart DPI progress.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"procurement cycles for DPI","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Procurement cycles may be long and tedious to kickstart progress. There are multiple hoops to jump through before a country can even test out DPI through a pilot.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-38/c400","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/0bd6da4a9be343e5","nativeRecordCid":"22f9a89e-7764-47ff-8e05-723897d1f965","documentId":"open-science-source-38","id":"c400","text":"There are multiple hoops to jump through before a country can test out DPI through a pilot.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"DPI pilot testing","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Procurement cycles may be long and tedious to kickstart progress. There are multiple hoops to jump through before a country can even test out DPI through a pilot.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-38/c401","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/367df87b9722427b","nativeRecordCid":"5172278e-1d1d-412a-a60b-27e08347981e","documentId":"open-science-source-38","id":"c401","text":"Development in both the DPI and open infrastructure sectors is undergoing rapid change.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"DPI and open infrastructure development","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"One of the parallels that can be drawn between DPI and open infrastructure is the fact that development in both sectors is undergoing rapid change.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-38/c402","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/9048962fd3054c2a","nativeRecordCid":"264cd2b9-9678-4220-bdb3-b8a4bde51bf3","documentId":"open-science-source-38","id":"c402","text":"In open infrastructures, practitioners in developing economies commonly get tools developed elsewhere and customize them to their own needs.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"open infrastructure practitioners in developing economies","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"In open infrastructures, it is commonplace that in developing economies, practitioners get tools that have been developed elsewhere and customize them to their own needs.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-38/c403","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/b0ba392907f34a4f","nativeRecordCid":"5e950fcf-415a-444d-937c-9c2fd2b02d1c","documentId":"open-science-source-38","id":"c403","text":"Similar patterns of using tools developed elsewhere and customizing them are evident in the DPI space.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"DPI space practices","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"In the DPI space, similar patterns are evident.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-38/c404","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/2daf0e7b0e024f08","nativeRecordCid":"676d4104-d122-408b-9a06-0fc12130772b","documentId":"open-science-source-38","id":"c404","text":"There is a central tension in DPI today between centralized, state-led deployment and decentralized, community-driven initiatives.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"digital public infrastructure (DPI)","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"One of the central tensions in digital public infrastructure today is between centralized, state-led deployment and decentralized, community-driven initiatives.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-38/c405","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/6be416fe3d374edf","nativeRecordCid":"b4243c45-85e9-439c-b471-ee5c05f0aa39","documentId":"open-science-source-38","id":"c405","text":"DPI implemented at scale has often emphasized adoption metrics as an indicator of success.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"DPI implemented at scale","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Over the years, DPI implemented at scale has often emphasized adoption metrics (number of registered users and number of people using a particular system) as an indicator of success (Dolan & Satapathy, 2024).","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-38/c406","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/098565da0790407a","nativeRecordCid":"13058b8e-6fde-4241-9132-1c130b103b73","documentId":"open-science-source-38","id":"c406","text":"Governments may opt for centralized, top-down DPI models to achieve rapid, large-scale adoption, due to reduced complexity in interoperability across ministries, consistency in service delivery, and control over implementation.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"governments' choice of centralized DPI models","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"To achieve rapid, large-scale adoption, governments may opt for centralized, top-down models due to reduced complexity in interoperability across ministries, consistency in service delivery, and control over implementation.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-38/c407","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/88c7d4c41e574b71","nativeRecordCid":"defd88ed-7c99-4f8a-8605-de8aff4902fa","documentId":"open-science-source-38","id":"c407","text":"Centralized, top-down DPI scale and speed can come at a cost of less transparency.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"centralized, top-down DPI models","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"However, this scale and speed can come at a cost: less transparency, reduced flexibility, and minimal space for civil society or grassroots actors to shape the system.","representedInStars":false}
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{"key":"open-science-source-38/c445","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/44b7ab6e0c00436e","nativeRecordCid":"aaa28305-6eda-4584-b9d3-36810104f1d0","documentId":"open-science-source-38","id":"c445","text":"Awareness and use of community health frameworks such as POSI, CHAOSS, and FOREST in the open infrastructure ecosystem is generally low.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"framework awareness","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"A notable finding from our interviews was that awareness and use of these frameworks was generally low.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-38/c446","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/69f83bcfceb249fd","nativeRecordCid":"ea999739-56e4-44d0-9812-88ebcd3bc385","documentId":"open-science-source-38","id":"c446","text":"The priorities of transparency, sustainability, and community governance that people emphasize when describing a healthy open infrastructure community align closely with community health frameworks' goals.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"participant priorities vs framework goals","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Despite this, when asked about how they view a healthy open infrastructure community, participants consistently emphasized priorities such as transparency, sustainability, and community governance, aligning closely with the frameworks’ goals.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-38/c447","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/db4d29176ff64ffb","nativeRecordCid":"c38901d4-3f69-4d14-b487-4b61a4d3918b","documentId":"open-science-source-38","id":"c447","text":"The values embedded in community health frameworks are present in the open infrastructure ecosystem even though the framework tools themselves are not widely referenced.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"framework values in the ecosystem","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"This finding suggests that the values embedded in these frameworks are present in the ecosystem, even if the specific framework tools themselves are not widely referenced.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-38/c448","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/2fdd8fd009fd440f","nativeRecordCid":"6a8d92f5-e654-4beb-8dee-7670de193a0d","documentId":"open-science-source-38","id":"c448","text":"Community health is rarely the deciding factor when organizations select infrastructures to use.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"community health as selection factor","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Another notable finding is that community health is rarely the deciding factor when organizations select infrastructures to use.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-38/c449","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/a5fdbaf9177f4bba","nativeRecordCid":"22134a1c-8de9-4b52-ba5e-7369f41da852","documentId":"open-science-source-38","id":"c449","text":"Decisions about whether to adopt or support infrastructure tools are driven primarily by practical needs such as fit for purpose and budget constraints.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"infrastructure adoption decisions","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Participants described decisions about whether to adopt or support infrastructure tools as driven primarily by practical needs: does the tool do what we need it to, and does it meet our budget constraints?","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-38/c450","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/563777cae7744ee3","nativeRecordCid":"21ef0110-47b8-42f0-ab48-83d899a5f5f9","documentId":"open-science-source-38","id":"c450","text":"Open infrastructures and vendors could improve their chances of being selected by making it easy to understand what features and interoperability they offer and by listing who uses their solution or what their ideal users look like.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"open infrastructures and vendors","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"This basic question of “fit” for the needs of an organization indicates to us that open infrastructures and vendors could improve their chances of being selected if they prioritize making it easy to understand what features and interoperability they offer, and list of who is using their solution, or what their ideal users look like.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-38/c451","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/3b57924861094941","nativeRecordCid":"e82837f8-0c94-4509-93db-7bc0579f49b1","documentId":"open-science-source-38","id":"c451","text":"Community health attributes are seen as value-added factors that could contribute to comfort and trust in decisions about selecting open infrastructure.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"community health attributes","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"While most decisions were based on practical considerations such as cost and fit for purpose,\n\ncommunity health attributes were seen as value-added factors which could contribute to comfort and trust in the decision.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-38/c452","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/707ca9aff48f446b","nativeRecordCid":"c38e22cd-1f7a-45d9-9b25-49cdd51ce04a","documentId":"open-science-source-38","id":"c452","text":"Open infrastructure has a community-and-collective nature.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"open infrastructure","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Given the community-and-collective nature of open infrastructure, trust plays an outsized role.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-38/c453","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/520de295bea24a35","nativeRecordCid":"026eabfb-1f41-48f8-8506-bda036c070f4","documentId":"open-science-source-38","id":"c453","text":"Trust plays an outsized role in decisions about open infrastructure.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"trust in open infrastructure decisions","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Given the community-and-collective nature of open infrastructure, trust plays an outsized role.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-38/c454","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/c9e5588927f84791","nativeRecordCid":"bae4dac6-ea09-43ed-87ec-025e51da34d7","documentId":"open-science-source-38","id":"c454","text":"It is difficult to know what infrastructure is best-suited for a single organization's needs, constraints, and intentions.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"best-suited infrastructure knowledge","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Interviewees described how difficult it is to know what’s best-suited for any single organization’s needs, constraints, and intentions.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-38/c455","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/96bd5ac694ed4615","nativeRecordCid":"67f999af-76bc-4764-8763-ca500e8573af","documentId":"open-science-source-38","id":"c455","text":"Gathering as much relevant information as possible is crucial to decision-making about selecting open infrastructure.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"gathering information for decisions","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Interviewees shared that gathering as much relevant information as possible was crucial to their decision making.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-38/c456","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/ee51d6d71d37426a","nativeRecordCid":"acac6880-1655-4350-b424-796b33e9f700","documentId":"open-science-source-38","id":"c456","text":"Talking with people involved in the infrastructure is an important way to gather information when deciding on open infrastructure.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"talking with people involved","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Most frequently, they talked about how important it was to gather information by talking with people involved in the infrastructure.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-38/c457","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/ce1e04b7777b41f0","nativeRecordCid":"0b453c30-9bb1-4fb4-9ee3-38725a00df11","documentId":"open-science-source-38","id":"c457","text":"Reviewing public-facing communication such as engagement messaging, technical discussions, feature lists, and user testimonials is useful for getting a sense of the technical and social-cultural fit of open infrastructure.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"reviewing public-facing communication","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"They named that it was also useful to review public-facing communication such as engagement messaging, technical discussions, feature lists and user testimonials to get a sense of technical and social-cultural fit.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-38/c458","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/e02f3e9d369b4140","nativeRecordCid":"6657f4ba-6e09-4899-a71d-84f146114616","documentId":"open-science-source-38","id":"c458","text":"Assessment information presented about open infrastructure might not, and in some cases cannot, expose uncomfortable realities.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"assessment information","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"However, these same interviewees shared that when it came to assessments, the information presented might not, and in some cases can’t, expose uncomfortable realities.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-38/c459","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/c2d145ad8c2947d4","nativeRecordCid":"a2daf7e4-8c67-4437-9500-1ae4d167f393","documentId":"open-science-source-38","id":"c459","text":"OIs should share more information about their user base and capabilities.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"open infrastructures (OIs)","subject":"OIs","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"We see an opportunity for OIs to share more information about their user base and capabilities, conducting outreach/engagement to build awareness and trust amongst existing and new audiences.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-38/c460","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/b2cfa49084464760","nativeRecordCid":"a360dd00-6e3d-432e-b4b1-ad65dbab6358","documentId":"open-science-source-38","id":"c460","text":"OIs should conduct outreach and engagement to build awareness and trust among existing and new audiences.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"open infrastructures (OIs)","subject":"OIs","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"We see an opportunity for OIs to share more information about their user base and capabilities, conducting outreach/engagement to build awareness and trust amongst existing and new audiences.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-38/c461","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/a2730e68d95a48b7","nativeRecordCid":"d7237c17-717e-4349-9e5f-6f4daa314ddb","documentId":"open-science-source-38","id":"c461","text":"Funders consider it important to be in touch with people responsible for finances, leadership, and work when deciding to fund an open infrastructure, because readily available and accurate financial data is often hard to come by.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"funders","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"For those who intended to fund an OI, it was important to be in touch with people responsible for finances, leadership, and work because readily available and accurate financial data was hard to come by, and funders wanted confidence that financial contributions would advance their larger goals.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-38/c462","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/be0052c4aaff40d0","nativeRecordCid":"cdb799e1-2cd0-4842-9c79-d4dd41ef7859","documentId":"open-science-source-38","id":"c462","text":"Funders want confidence that their financial contributions to open infrastructure will advance their larger goals.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"funders","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"For those who intended to fund an OI, it was important to be in touch with people responsible for finances, leadership, and work because readily available and accurate financial data was hard to come by, and funders wanted confidence that financial contributions would advance their larger goals.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-38/c463","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/8ae5bf9bb28c4261","nativeRecordCid":"7b198067-dfdf-4c3b-afec-001cf7cd5d99","documentId":"open-science-source-38","id":"c463","text":"Using community health frameworks raises concern about exposing shortcomings, which could result in negative outcomes.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"community health framework use","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"We heard a theme of concern about exposing shortcomings which could result in negative outcomes.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-38/c464","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/a5a7904185744457","nativeRecordCid":"d3de56b5-6823-4fd7-a9a8-b03a00f41096","documentId":"open-science-source-38","id":"c464","text":"Transparency about shortcomings could be an opportunity for values alignment.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"transparency about shortcomings","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"We also heard a contrasting perspective: that transparency about shortcomings could be an opportunity for values alignment, which could both foster trust and create opportunities to offer support.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-38/c465","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/91261a4509fc43de","nativeRecordCid":"ff54740a-d63c-484f-a563-b969197be81e","documentId":"open-science-source-38","id":"c465","text":"Transparency about shortcomings could foster trust.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"transparency about shortcomings","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"We also heard a contrasting perspective: that transparency about shortcomings could be an opportunity for values alignment, which could both foster trust and create opportunities to offer support.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-38/c466","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/9c2e6053a90a4353","nativeRecordCid":"4e7c8855-7742-40a2-b51d-32c6a32a95b6","documentId":"open-science-source-38","id":"c466","text":"Transparency about shortcomings could create opportunities to offer support.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"transparency about shortcomings","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"We also heard a contrasting perspective: that transparency about shortcomings could be an opportunity for values alignment, which could both foster trust and create opportunities to offer support.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-38/c467","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/f4b02871a0ae4b53","nativeRecordCid":"c3528760-8e72-4fcd-b046-ddc297ac4bb9","documentId":"open-science-source-38","id":"c467","text":"Organizations feel more comfortable using community health assessment frameworks as a self-assessment to help improve their own organization or project.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"assessment framework use","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Participants who had considered using assessment frameworks said they felt more comfortable using them as a self-assessment to help improve their own organization or project.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-38/c468","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/5dfa75e96b604660","nativeRecordCid":"45087d60-fb93-485b-b409-f73ac2410cbc","documentId":"open-science-source-38","id":"c468","text":"Third-party evaluation of open infrastructure would carry more weight than self-assessment.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"third-party evaluation","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"There was also a general acknowledgement that a third-party evaluation would carry more weight, but would require prioritizing evaluation above other community needs and desires.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-38/c469","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/9d8b604da2ec41fb","nativeRecordCid":"e2481bdd-7bcb-4572-9bd7-0bc109cc08f6","documentId":"open-science-source-38","id":"c469","text":"Third-party evaluation would require prioritizing evaluation above other community needs and desires.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"third-party evaluation","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"There was also a general acknowledgement that a third-party evaluation would carry more weight, but would require prioritizing evaluation above other community needs and desires.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-38/c470","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/3314d0705d7340a1","nativeRecordCid":"19f6123e-6b8e-4fa4-81ed-afcaf51ac5b7","documentId":"open-science-source-38","id":"c470","text":"Fear of negative consequences surfaces when funders encourage the use of community health frameworks as part of grant activities, even when these activities are framed as growth and development activities rather than requirements or criteria for qualifying for grants.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"funders encouraging framework use","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Fear of negative consequences surfaced specifically when funders encouraged the use of community health frameworks as part of grant activities, even when these activities were framed as growth and development activities rather than requirements or criteria for qualifying for grants.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-38/c471","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/3887d6082d854d44","nativeRecordCid":"7c74438d-f7ff-4836-a7f6-585d5f38d8ca","documentId":"open-science-source-38","id":"c471","text":"Organizations need to reach a certain level of organizational and operational maturity before considering a self-assessment using community health frameworks.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"organizational maturity for self-assessment","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"A pattern we saw in the interviews was that organizations needed or wanted to reach a certain level of organizational and operational maturity before even considering a selfassessment.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-38/c472","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/fff0efe3cc4c4160","nativeRecordCid":"13e7039a-7299-479a-a545-d6fab644fd87","documentId":"open-science-source-38","id":"c472","text":"Interpretation of key community health framework values varies widely across organizations.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"interpretation of framework values","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Additionally, interpretation of key framework values varied widely.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-38/c473","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/7531169ec2eb4c9b","nativeRecordCid":"731a4f97-3742-4e99-be76-91517f8ecf79","documentId":"open-science-source-38","id":"c473","text":"The idea of community governance means different things in grassroots, collective-led groups than it does in institutions with hierarchical decision-making structures.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"community governance meaning","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"For example, the idea of “community governance” meant different things in grassroots, collective-led groups than it did in institutions with hierarchical decision-making structures.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-38/c474","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/b0575096a1e047a1","nativeRecordCid":"c0105629-d92b-4b55-a906-a8ba8d121ca9","documentId":"open-science-source-38","id":"c474","text":"There is a shared desire across the open infrastructure ecosystem for clearer signals of functional capabilities, transparency, collective trust, and alignment from open infrastructure projects.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"desire for clearer signals","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Despite a general lack of familiarity with the community health frameworks, there is a shared desire across the ecosystem for clearer signals of functional capabilities, transparency, collective trust, and alignment from open infrastructure projects.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-38/c475","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/bdd8e9d4b9614820","nativeRecordCid":"21bd3f46-d533-41d0-af97-e5cf96930a74","documentId":"open-science-source-38","id":"c475","text":"Better communication, more visibility into how an organization is governed, who its users are, and what opportunities exist to support capacity building help infrastructure users make more confident, values-aligned decisions.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"communication and visibility for OIs","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Interviewees expressed that better communication, more visibility into how the organization is governed, who its users are, and what opportunities exist to support capacity building would all help infrastructure users make more confident, values-aligned decisions.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-38/c476","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/0f048aa237ea4268","nativeRecordCid":"214f2359-f407-4bda-841b-81129f971b64","documentId":"open-science-source-38","id":"c476","text":"OIs appreciate the aspirational nature of community health frameworks.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"OIs' appreciation of frameworks","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"OIs themselves expressed appreciation for the aspirational nature of the frameworks, and the opportunity to use them for development of their organizations as they mature.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-38/c477","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/94a2cb125d884bb7","nativeRecordCid":"bbfc8691-95e2-4ecd-8766-d9391cdf9eab","documentId":"open-science-source-38","id":"c477","text":"OIs appreciate the opportunity to use community health frameworks for the development of their organizations as they mature.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"OIs' appreciation of frameworks","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"OIs themselves expressed appreciation for the aspirational nature of the frameworks, and the opportunity to use them for development of their organizations as they mature.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-38/c478","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/48cb853ebdf5402d","nativeRecordCid":"0cf0d8d7-cbca-4485-87bd-94b53f802d9a","documentId":"open-science-source-38","id":"c478","text":"Invest in Open Infrastructure works to increase the investment in and adoption of open infrastructure to further equitable access to and participation in research.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"Invest in Open Infrastructure (IOI)","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Invest in Open Infrastructure (IOI) works to increase the investment in and adoption of open infrastructure to further equitable access to and participation in research.","representedInStars":false}
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{"key":"open-science-source-39/c37","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/29dcf31ffd1f4338","nativeRecordCid":"177af851-2223-48e3-a808-0b408f8278e6","documentId":"open-science-source-39","id":"c37","text":"TOPFactor.org has served as a resource for researchers seeking to understand how journal policies support open and transparent research practices.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"TOPFactor.org","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Since its 2020 launch, TOPFactor.org has served as a resource for researchers seeking to understand how journal policies support open and transparent research practices through their policies.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-39/c38","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/d52bad8d5f6248d7","nativeRecordCid":"3df9843f-e30a-4e96-aa37-7ffbf81ef376","documentId":"open-science-source-39","id":"c38","text":"TOP Factor was released to shift focus away from the Journal Impact Factor (JIF) as the sole measure of a journal's quality.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"TOP Factor","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"TOP Factor was released in early 2020 to shift focus away from the Journal Impact Factor (JIF) as the sole measure of a journal’s quality.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-39/c39","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/3983b130c0f4457b","nativeRecordCid":"2b088dd9-3760-4e5a-bc1c-44737cd9e2ec","documentId":"open-science-source-39","id":"c39","text":"TOP Factor focused on evaluating criteria that are more central to ideal scientific practices, such as the degree to which journals promote transparency of underlying evidence and replication studies.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"TOP Factor","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"TOP Factor instead focused on evaluating criteria that are more central to ideal scientific practices, such as the degree to which journals promote transparency of the underlying evidence and replication studies.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-39/c40","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/5a6234c9459a4853","nativeRecordCid":"3fa0ea99-d2fd-4b19-a4c3-ade8e1285a3d","documentId":"open-science-source-39","id":"c40","text":"TOP Factor has aimed to empower informed choices about where to publish based on alignment with open practices, rather than asking researchers to rely on opaque and proprietary measures of impact based on mean citation rates.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"TOP Factor","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Rather than asking researchers to rely on opaque and proprietary measures of impact based on mean citation rates, TOP Factor has aimed to empower informed choices about where to publish based on alignment with open practices.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-39/c41","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/9b7efabf3d8c4e4f","nativeRecordCid":"90a76de9-59fc-4c09-b721-aefcc55af57e","documentId":"open-science-source-39","id":"c41","text":"Members of the research community could discover TOP Factor scores through a searchable website called TOPFactor.org.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"TOPFactor.org","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Members of the research community could discover TOP Factor scores through a searchable website called [TOPFactor.org](http://TOPFactor.org).","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-39/c42","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/ef74a36c3457440d","nativeRecordCid":"30ea01db-cc16-4217-8aa4-5dea1e40536e","documentId":"open-science-source-39","id":"c42","text":"Several major publishers have updated their journal policies' language to align with the TOP framework.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"major publishers' journal policies","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"**Updates to journal policies**,with several major publishers (notably *Cell*, *Nature*, *Science*, and their respective journals) updating language to align with the TOP framework.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-39/c43","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/36d426e4829a4fbe","nativeRecordCid":"128b4e40-c443-4331-acb5-77191ef0afd5","documentId":"open-science-source-39","id":"c43","text":"TOP Factor was included in Clarivate's Master Journal List as an addition to the Journal Impact Factor in assessment of journal information.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"TOP Factor","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"[**Inclusion in Clarivate’s “Master Journal List”**](https://www.cos.io/about/news/cos-and-the-web-of-science-collaborate-to-bring-top-factor-to-master-journal-list)as an addition to the JIF in assessment of journal information.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-39/c44","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/120e3d3b144e4705","nativeRecordCid":"0f13e924-4f06-42b4-b585-2bb5922ed0c6","documentId":"open-science-source-39","id":"c44","text":"TOP Factor created opportunities to engage with discipline experts to assess and compare journal policies within disciplines in order to advocate for improved policies.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"TOP Factor","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"**Opportunities** **to engage with discipline experts** to assess and compare journal policies within disciplines in order to advocate for improved policies.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-39/c45","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/b8c03535628345a7","nativeRecordCid":"a8facade-ed03-42df-ad6c-85b464148622","documentId":"open-science-source-39","id":"c45","text":"TOP Factor offers a unique and complementary resource to other databases of journal policies and practices, such as those documenting open access policies.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"TOP Factor","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"**Offering a unique and complementary resource** to other databases of journal policies and practices that document, for example, open access policies.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-39/c46","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/ce4c163b1d81416f","nativeRecordCid":"8263fe0d-0a94-4e11-8693-a28bf64af4fe","documentId":"open-science-source-39","id":"c46","text":"A journal's TOP policy cannot guarantee that the open and transparent practices it prescribes will be followed unless the policy is well implemented and enforced.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"journal TOP policies","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"A journal could have a very assertive TOP policy; however, if that policy isn’t well implemented or enforced, it can’t guarantee the open and transparent practices it prescribes will be followed.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-39/c47","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/010a0fd2fb5a4791","nativeRecordCid":"6cadcbd5-898c-43eb-9f5d-df2df561f7fc","documentId":"open-science-source-39","id":"c47","text":"The meaningful criterion for transparency is whether papers themselves are transparent, which relies on effective implementation and enforcement of journal policies.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"transparency of papers","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The meaningful criterion is whether papers themselves are transparent, which relies on effective implementation and enforcement of journal policies.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-39/c48","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/72b24f423478418d","nativeRecordCid":"0066e788-ac80-4da8-8a63-4a3694a94d57","documentId":"open-science-source-39","id":"c48","text":"TOP standards do not apply uniformly across all fields.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"TOP standards","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"TOP standards do not apply uniformly across all fields.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-39/c49","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/8c43886df1374fe2","nativeRecordCid":"e1ecc3c6-d7a4-4b35-aafe-aea569be487a","documentId":"open-science-source-39","id":"c49","text":"Differences in methodologies, norms, and readiness among disciplines mean that some disciplines are more likely to receive higher TOP scores than others.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"disciplinary differences in TOP scores","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Differences in methodologies, norms, and readiness meant that some disciplines were more likely to receive higher scores than others.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-39/c50","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/2da006f65280401d","nativeRecordCid":"075c6fac-d751-4c7c-9617-c7790ac96151","documentId":"open-science-source-39","id":"c50","text":"Differences in TOP scores across disciplines are not necessarily an indicator of a lack of commitment to openness and transparency.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"disciplinary differences in TOP scores","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"These differences are not necessarily an indicator of lack of commitment to openness and transparency.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-39/c51","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/a1c1ca10a8704ffc","nativeRecordCid":"10ade619-ac8c-4348-b50f-845dfe48b2b1","documentId":"open-science-source-39","id":"c51","text":"Journal policy language is often ambiguous, incomplete, or self-contradictory.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"journal policy language","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"As more journals were reviewed, evaluators encountered ambiguous, incomplete, or even self-contradictory policies.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-39/c52","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/d5cc9cdc48a74022","nativeRecordCid":"d44d8255-a808-4221-adca-56fcdab41e39","documentId":"open-science-source-39","id":"c52","text":"Ambiguous journal policy language leads to weak inter-rater reliability in TOP scoring.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"journal policy language ambiguity","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"These ambiguities led to weak [inter-rater reliability](https://doi.org/10.1080/17437199.2025.2516010) in TOP scoring.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-39/c53","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/11dff048fcef4033","nativeRecordCid":"9fd8bd19-25b3-4096-84ad-a42e1c053d5e","documentId":"open-science-source-39","id":"c53","text":"TOP 2015 standards lacked clarity in the precise requirements for each level, hindering consistent interpretation and scoring.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"TOP 2015 standards","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Evaluators also noted a lack of clarity in the precise requirements for each level of TOP to enable consistent interpretation and scoring.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-39/c54","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/0b9b0735bc094311","nativeRecordCid":"d304009c-9a37-45c4-aa12-59670c5189cb","documentId":"open-science-source-39","id":"c54","text":"Feedback about the lack of clarity in TOP 2015 standards has been incorporated into the updated TOP 2025 guidelines.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"TOP 2025 guidelines","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"This feedback has since been incorporated into the updated TOP 2025 guidelines.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-39/c55","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/8cd9cf5584484193","nativeRecordCid":"e4c8faa2-dbf5-4f99-97b8-f347fcb7a237","documentId":"open-science-source-39","id":"c55","text":"The updated TOP 2025 Guidelines incorporate insights gained over the past decade, including lessons learned from developing and maintaining TOP Factor.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"TOP 2025 Guidelines","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"In 2025, COS released an updated version of the TOP Guidelines that incorporates insights gained over the past decade, including lessons learned directly from developing and maintaining TOP Factor.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-39/c56","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/8d791a3ca26645e0","nativeRecordCid":"e4954d11-9564-4ea0-8ab2-d941f88b3d43","documentId":"open-science-source-39","id":"c56","text":"The revised TOP 2025 framework is designed to improve TOP's clarity, interpretation, and applicability across different research communities.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"TOP 2025 framework","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The revised framework is designed to improve TOP’s clarity, interpretation, and applicability across different research communities.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-39/c57","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/98f7a741752c4c57","nativeRecordCid":"b9a31d78-1150-4c9f-a8d8-ed63b59c7a83","documentId":"open-science-source-39","id":"c57","text":"There is more burden than benefit to updating and maintaining the TOP Factor database given the arrival of TOP 2025 and emerging tools to assess transparency of papers directly.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"maintaining the TOP Factor database","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"With the arrival and promotion of the updated TOP 2025 guidelines, as well as emerging methods to assess transparency practices of papers directly with tools like [DataSeer](https://dataseer.ai/), there is more burden than benefit to updating and maintaining the TOP Factor database, particularly in light of the limitations we’ve discussed.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-39/c58","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/0b89cde0d37e478d","nativeRecordCid":"69e14780-bf9f-4c45-9b49-476fa36ba68c","documentId":"open-science-source-39","id":"c58","text":"The underlying TOP Factor data remains open for research and updating by others who wish to use it.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"TOP Factor data","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"However, the underlying data remains open for research and updating by others if anyone wishes to use it.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-41/c1","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/02b9954bf79b4c68","nativeRecordCid":"85266054-d06a-4b51-a232-a134cc53742a","documentId":"open-science-source-41","id":"c1","text":"Scientists' use of AI is growing exponentially.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"scientists' use of AI","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"A quiet revolution is brewing in labs around the world, where scientists’ use of AI is [growing exponentially](https://arxiv.org/pdf/2405.15828v1).","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-41/c2","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/b691ed8227074d3a","nativeRecordCid":"0dbddbf6-eea4-4938-a433-5d24027cac13","documentId":"open-science-source-41","id":"c2","text":"Society will soon start to feel the benefits of AI more directly, with drugs and materials designed with the help of AI currently making their way through development.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"AI-designed drugs and materials","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Society will soon start to feel these benefits more directly, with [drugs](https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S135964462400134X?via%3Dihub) and materials designed with the help of AI currently making their way through development.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-41/c3","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/c8d24e779cb3422d","nativeRecordCid":"62cecbff-18ec-46bc-af40-0d0f7ed2727b","documentId":"open-science-source-41","id":"c3","text":"Some scientists train their own AI models.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"scientists' use of AI models","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Some scientists are training their own AI models, while others are fine-tuning existing AI models, or using these models’ predictions to accelerate their research.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-41/c4","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/6d2aaf75741043cc","nativeRecordCid":"c6a6a3b6-68bb-4490-ab52-24ad634b1fbb","documentId":"open-science-source-41","id":"c4","text":"Some scientists fine-tune existing AI models.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"scientists' use of AI models","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Some scientists are training their own AI models, while others are fine-tuning existing AI models, or using these models’ predictions to accelerate their research.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-41/c5","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/1b4caea55d3644ef","nativeRecordCid":"d592246c-caed-42b3-928c-7dac56481ae4","documentId":"open-science-source-41","id":"c5","text":"Some scientists use AI models' predictions to accelerate their research.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"scientists' use of AI models","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Some scientists are training their own AI models, while others are fine-tuning existing AI models, or using these models’ predictions to accelerate their research.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-41/c6","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/49bfa67f4ba5496d","nativeRecordCid":"2a0233ff-6831-4bdd-8754-bc78c6cc6988","documentId":"open-science-source-41","id":"c6","text":"Scientists use AI as a scientific instrument to help tackle important problems.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"scientists' use of AI","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Scientists are using AI as a scientific instrument to help tackle important problems, such as [designing proteins that bind more tightly to disease targets](https://deepmind.google/discover/blog/alphaproteo-generates-novel-proteins-for-biology-and-health-research/), but are also gradually transforming how science itself is practised.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-41/c7","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/b55d69c57be341ee","nativeRecordCid":"7793d4d4-1e9f-4906-8374-b009ea1bd9bd","documentId":"open-science-source-41","id":"c7","text":"AI is gradually transforming how science itself is practised.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"AI's effect on scientific practice","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Scientists are using AI as a scientific instrument to help tackle important problems, such as [designing proteins that bind more tightly to disease targets](https://deepmind.google/discover/blog/alphaproteo-generates-novel-proteins-for-biology-and-health-research/), but are also gradually transforming how science itself is practised.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-41/c8","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/b94b831e5192444a","nativeRecordCid":"67738a55-df50-47c1-8a90-d7761bbae3f3","documentId":"open-science-source-41","id":"c8","text":"There is a growing imperative behind scientists' embrace of AI.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"scientists' embrace of AI","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"There is a growing imperative behind scientists’ embrace of AI.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-41/c9","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/11aac13082db4187","nativeRecordCid":"a0f38727-1673-44da-b1e0-951e47c9726e","documentId":"open-science-source-41","id":"c9","text":"In recent decades, scientists have continued to deliver consequential advances, from Covid-19 vaccines to renewable energy.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"scientific advances","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"In recent decades, scientists have continued to deliver consequential advances, from Covid-19 vaccines to renewable energy.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-41/c10","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/3fad374788b448f5","nativeRecordCid":"d0707c3a-65a6-4221-87ec-80f395cddba6","documentId":"open-science-source-41","id":"c10","text":"It takes an ever larger number of researchers to make scientific breakthroughs.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"researchers needed for breakthroughs","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"But it takes [an ever larger number of researchers to make these breakthroughs](https://www.newthingsunderthesun.com/pub/17ygmn8w/release/15), and to [transform them into downstream applications](https://www.newthingsunderthesun.com/pub/bvmu4ol2/release/10).","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-41/c11","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/4ab574a7bf304d77","nativeRecordCid":"71cd4c6d-f238-4a3a-a9bd-3c46ef20c9e8","documentId":"open-science-source-41","id":"c11","text":"It takes an ever larger number of researchers to transform scientific breakthroughs into downstream applications.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"researchers needed for downstream applications","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"But it takes [an ever larger number of researchers to make these breakthroughs](https://www.newthingsunderthesun.com/pub/17ygmn8w/release/15), and to [transform them into downstream applications](https://www.newthingsunderthesun.com/pub/bvmu4ol2/release/10).","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-41/c12","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/5ba4bda947d84770","nativeRecordCid":"aad38043-43e7-4de5-aef2-5a497b0aba08","documentId":"open-science-source-41","id":"c12","text":"The scientific workforce has grown significantly over the past half-century.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"scientific workforce growth","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"As a result, even though the scientific workforce has grown significantly over the past half-century, [rising more than seven fold](https://ncses.nsf.gov/pubs/nsb20198/u-s-s-e-workforce-definition-size-and-growth#:~:text=Census%20data%20show%20that%20employment,total%20employment%20during%20this%20period.) in the US alone, the societal progress that we would expect to follow, has slowed.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-41/c13","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/063d793b0933484f","nativeRecordCid":"a3e05f9b-3be2-4f43-92d6-0d201662fc5c","documentId":"open-science-source-41","id":"c13","text":"The societal progress that would be expected to follow growth in the scientific workforce has slowed.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"societal progress from science","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"As a result, even though the scientific workforce has grown significantly over the past half-century, [rising more than seven fold](https://ncses.nsf.gov/pubs/nsb20198/u-s-s-e-workforce-definition-size-and-growth#:~:text=Census%20data%20show%20that%20employment,total%20employment%20during%20this%20period.) in the US alone, the societal progress that we would expect to follow, has slowed.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-41/c14","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/9036543898f1461c","nativeRecordCid":"5a6641ed-0599-4db4-aca8-65629b345584","documentId":"open-science-source-41","id":"c14","text":"Much of the world has witnessed a sustained slowdown in productivity growth.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"productivity growth slowdown","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"For instance, much of the world has witnessed a [sustained slowdown](https://thedocs.worldbank.org/en/doc/522491594657655028-0050022020/original/GlobalProductivitybookhighlights.pdf) in productivity growth that is undermining the quality of public services.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-41/c15","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/db004d7c6a8a471b","nativeRecordCid":"47f4b45b-e10e-4d65-aac8-69915dc88557","documentId":"open-science-source-41","id":"c15","text":"The sustained slowdown in productivity growth is undermining the quality of public services.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"productivity growth slowdown effects","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"For instance, much of the world has witnessed a [sustained slowdown](https://thedocs.worldbank.org/en/doc/522491594657655028-0050022020/original/GlobalProductivitybookhighlights.pdf) in productivity growth that is undermining the quality of public services.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-41/c16","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/1f119fb3552c419e","nativeRecordCid":"ac1c1772-cd0f-4b5d-b16c-a6f150228bf2","documentId":"open-science-source-41","id":"c16","text":"Progress towards the 2030 Sustainable Development Goals is stalling.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"progress toward Sustainable Development Goals","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Progress towards the 2030 Sustainable Development Goals, which capture the biggest challenges in health, the environment, and beyond, is [stalling](https://unstats.un.org/sdgs/report/2023/The-Sustainable-Development-Goals-Report-2023.pdf).","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-41/c17","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/cc0e40effb5c471d","nativeRecordCid":"f00eca4c-b26b-498d-b491-8785f1a48797","documentId":"open-science-source-41","id":"c17","text":"Scientists looking to make breakthroughs today increasingly run into challenges relating to scale and complexity, from the ever-growing literature base they need to master to the increasingly complex experiments they want to run.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"scale and complexity challenges facing scientists","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"In particular, scientists looking to make breakthroughs today increasingly run into challenges relating to *scale* and *complexity*, from the ever-growing literature base they need to master, to the increasingly complex experiments they want to run.","representedInStars":false}
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{"key":"open-science-source-41/c20","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/e7d791afaa314210","nativeRecordCid":"227c6ecc-7291-42d1-b015-f50053ca856b","documentId":"open-science-source-41","id":"c20","text":"A single x-ray crystallography experiment to determine the structure of a protein can take years of work and cost approximately $100,000, depending on the protein.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"x-ray crystallography experiments","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"For instance, in structural biology, a single x-ray crystallography experiment to determine the structure of a protein [can take years of work and cost approximately $100,000](https://bcf.princeton.edu/wp-content/uploads/2021/01/SteinCarolyn-JMP.pdf), depending on the protein.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-41/c21","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/358066ff5e5c47e4","nativeRecordCid":"7b2e723e-00c2-4b63-90fb-f5feacc0cb99","documentId":"open-science-source-41","id":"c21","text":"The AlphaFold Protein Structure Database now provides instant access to 200 million predicted protein structures for free.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"AlphaFold Protein Structure Database","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The [AlphaFold Protein Structure Database](https://alphafold.ebi.ac.uk/) now provides instant access to 200 million predicted protein structures for free.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-41/c22","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/9a621bd22d874b10","nativeRecordCid":"21104e75-71f2-4d6b-bace-4bffa9346c0e","documentId":"open-science-source-41","id":"c22","text":"The potential benefits of AI to science are not guaranteed.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"potential benefits of AI to science","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The potential benefits of AI to science are not guaranteed.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-41/c23","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/9a93439f265840af","nativeRecordCid":"c4913329-1823-4222-a486-f7ea3fc37bf0","documentId":"open-science-source-41","id":"c23","text":"A significant share of scientists already use LLM-based tools to assist with everyday tasks, such as coding and editing.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"scientists' use of LLM-based tools","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"A significant share of scientists already use LLM-based tools to assist with everyday tasks, such as coding and editing, but the share of scientists using AI-centric research approaches [is much lower, albeit rising rapidly](https://arxiv.org/pdf/2405.15828v1).","representedInStars":false}
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{"key":"open-science-source-41/c26","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/5faf4d74dbeb414c","nativeRecordCid":"d8f1f534-ed8c-4899-907e-4cad645518b3","documentId":"open-science-source-41","id":"c26","text":"Policymakers can help accelerate AI's use in science and steer it towards higher-impact areas.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"policymakers' role in AI use","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Policymakers can help accelerate AI's use and steer it towards higher-impact areas.","representedInStars":false}
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{"key":"open-science-source-41/c29","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/fa89a9c30f054816","nativeRecordCid":"87c0339a-0b74-4c2f-9510-efb8ebdf44ca","documentId":"open-science-source-41","id":"c29","text":"Scientists aim to understand, predict, and influence how the natural and social worlds work.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"aims of scientists","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Scientists aim to understand, predict, and influence how the natural and social worlds work, to inspire and satisfy curiosity, and to tackle important problems facing society.","representedInStars":false}
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{"key":"open-science-source-41/c32","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/10e9f872d33142f6","nativeRecordCid":"78b3cb85-26c8-48fb-b8fe-9841e8b3c20b","documentId":"open-science-source-41","id":"c32","text":"Technologies and methods, like the microscope, x-ray diffraction, and statistics, are products of science.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"technologies and methods","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"[Technologies and methods](https://global.oup.com/academic/product/the-tangle-of-science-9780198866343?cc=us&lang=en&), like the microscope, x-ray diffraction, and statistics, are both *products* of science and *enablers* of it.","representedInStars":false}
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{"key":"open-science-source-41/c34","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/8604db9e0383423d","nativeRecordCid":"d92e7c1a-5fb2-4897-9250-28c1af5fdf9c","documentId":"open-science-source-41","id":"c34","text":"Scientists have increasingly relied on scientific instruments to carry out their experiments.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"scientists' reliance on instruments","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Over the past century, scientists have increasingly relied on these instruments to carry out their experiments and advance their theories.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-41/c35","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/ad1f958473534db1","nativeRecordCid":"efc010e8-de01-45df-a981-445dcdb864ce","documentId":"open-science-source-41","id":"c35","text":"Scientists have increasingly relied on scientific instruments to advance their theories.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"scientists' reliance on instruments","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Over the past century, scientists have increasingly relied on these instruments to carry out their experiments and advance their theories.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-41/c36","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/40317bcb29b54f67","nativeRecordCid":"4731dc9f-2e29-4f4e-902d-e6f92038194d","documentId":"open-science-source-41","id":"c36","text":"Computational tools and large-scale data analysis have become particularly important, enabling significant scientific discoveries such as the discovery of the Higgs boson and the mapping of the human genome.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"computational tools and data analysis","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Computational tools and large-scale data analysis have become particularly important, enabling everything from the discovery of the Higgs boson to the mapping of the human genome.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-41/c37","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/b89e0f899df741bf","nativeRecordCid":"a5957dfd-760f-4bca-9a0e-9472672b4c39","documentId":"open-science-source-41","id":"c37","text":"Scientists increasingly face bottlenecks related to scale and complexity at different points in the scientific process, from generating powerful novel hypotheses to sharing their work with the world.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"scale and complexity bottlenecks","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"These opportunities apply across disciplines and address a specific bottleneck, related to scale and complexity, that scientists increasingly face at different points in the scientific process, from generating powerful novel hypotheses to sharing their work with the world.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-41/c38","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/e90733db52f0420f","nativeRecordCid":"05c29d12-ac85-41f4-846b-fdcb4da0fa74","documentId":"open-science-source-41","id":"c38","text":"Scientists must master a pre-existing body of knowledge in order to make new discoveries.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"scientists","subject":"mastering pre-existing knowledge","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"To make new discoveries, scientists need to master a pre-existing body of knowledge that continues to grow [exponentially](http://www.andreasaltelli.eu/file/repository/Little_science_big_science_and_beyond.pdf) and become ever more specialised.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-41/c39","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/efcc5c46be254868","nativeRecordCid":"73677789-ed56-4298-a3df-26a9b2c28daa","documentId":"open-science-source-41","id":"c39","text":"The pre-existing body of scientific knowledge continues to grow exponentially.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"body of scientific knowledge","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"To make new discoveries, scientists need to master a pre-existing body of knowledge that continues to grow [exponentially](http://www.andreasaltelli.eu/file/repository/Little_science_big_science_and_beyond.pdf) and become ever more specialised.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-41/c40","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/7629809b1ba74830","nativeRecordCid":"92254dc1-36e8-4b7e-a260-0d6a28dd5516","documentId":"open-science-source-41","id":"c40","text":"The pre-existing body of scientific knowledge continues to become ever more specialised.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"body of scientific knowledge","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"To make new discoveries, scientists need to master a pre-existing body of knowledge that continues to grow [exponentially](http://www.andreasaltelli.eu/file/repository/Little_science_big_science_and_beyond.pdf) and become ever more specialised.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-41/c41","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/de44cbc4185d41aa","nativeRecordCid":"b475a36d-aa43-40e7-9069-4a4bf1bbdf6d","documentId":"open-science-source-41","id":"c41","text":"Scientists making transformative discoveries are increasingly older.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"scientists making transformative discoveries","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"This ‘[burden of knowledge](https://academic.oup.com/restud/article-abstract/76/1/283/1577537)*’* helps explain why scientists [making transformative discoveries](https://www.nature.com/articles/s41599-024-02781-4) are increasingly older, interdisciplinary, and located at elite universities, and why the [share of papers](https://www.science.org/doi/10.1126/science.1136099) authored by individuals, or small teams, is declining, even though [small teams are often better-placed to advance disruptive scientific ideas](https://www.nature.com/articles/s41586-019-0941-9).","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-41/c42","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/f47dc41f19764783","nativeRecordCid":"d8d51bab-49b7-402d-8a7e-8e38a5f02766","documentId":"open-science-source-41","id":"c42","text":"Scientists making transformative discoveries are increasingly interdisciplinary.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"scientists making transformative discoveries","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"This ‘[burden of knowledge](https://academic.oup.com/restud/article-abstract/76/1/283/1577537)*’* helps explain why scientists [making transformative discoveries](https://www.nature.com/articles/s41599-024-02781-4) are increasingly older, interdisciplinary, and located at elite universities, and why the [share of papers](https://www.science.org/doi/10.1126/science.1136099) authored by individuals, or small teams, is declining, even though [small teams are often better-placed to advance disruptive scientific ideas](https://www.nature.com/articles/s41586-019-0941-9).","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-41/c43","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/c983242d31864207","nativeRecordCid":"5399c77d-eee5-4f1f-bd42-a6f495610c54","documentId":"open-science-source-41","id":"c43","text":"Scientists making transformative discoveries are increasingly located at elite universities.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"scientists making transformative discoveries","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"This ‘[burden of knowledge](https://academic.oup.com/restud/article-abstract/76/1/283/1577537)*’* helps explain why scientists [making transformative discoveries](https://www.nature.com/articles/s41599-024-02781-4) are increasingly older, interdisciplinary, and located at elite universities, and why the [share of papers](https://www.science.org/doi/10.1126/science.1136099) authored by individuals, or small teams, is declining, even though [small teams are often better-placed to advance disruptive scientific ideas](https://www.nature.com/articles/s41586-019-0941-9).","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-41/c44","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/854d0596dce34cd7","nativeRecordCid":"19847ed5-c09d-47ae-99c5-abffdbe43202","documentId":"open-science-source-41","id":"c44","text":"The share of papers authored by individuals or small teams is declining.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"authorship of scientific papers","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"This ‘[burden of knowledge](https://academic.oup.com/restud/article-abstract/76/1/283/1577537)*’* helps explain why scientists [making transformative discoveries](https://www.nature.com/articles/s41599-024-02781-4) are increasingly older, interdisciplinary, and located at elite universities, and why the [share of papers](https://www.science.org/doi/10.1126/science.1136099) authored by individuals, or small teams, is declining, even though [small teams are often better-placed to advance disruptive scientific ideas](https://www.nature.com/articles/s41586-019-0941-9).","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-41/c45","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/7f78fbcb7cc545ff","nativeRecordCid":"70dc74f0-87ba-4191-a01f-6fed559cbd59","documentId":"open-science-source-41","id":"c45","text":"Small teams are often better-placed to advance disruptive scientific ideas.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"small teams' role in disruptive ideas","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"This ‘[burden of knowledge](https://academic.oup.com/restud/article-abstract/76/1/283/1577537)*’* helps explain why scientists [making transformative discoveries](https://www.nature.com/articles/s41599-024-02781-4) are increasingly older, interdisciplinary, and located at elite universities, and why the [share of papers](https://www.science.org/doi/10.1126/science.1136099) authored by individuals, or small teams, is declining, even though [small teams are often better-placed to advance disruptive scientific ideas](https://www.nature.com/articles/s41586-019-0941-9).","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-41/c46","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/ddf68df28a8a4fc6","nativeRecordCid":"a71379f8-c037-45d6-b1e7-daba808f3439","documentId":"open-science-source-41","id":"c46","text":"Most scientists still share their findings in dense, jargon-heavy, English-only papers.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"how scientists share findings","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"When it comes to sharing their research there have been welcome innovations such as preprint servers and code repositories, but most scientists still share their findings in [dense, jargon-heavy, English-only papers](https://worksinprogress.co/issue/the-elements-of-scientific-style/).","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-41/c47","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/fcbc44f3d1414c9f","nativeRecordCid":"aa4fe533-3965-4e0b-bc80-6000b4ae1822","documentId":"open-science-source-41","id":"c47","text":"Dense, jargon-heavy, English-only scientific papers can impede rather than ignite interest in scientists' work, including from policymakers, businesses, and the public.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"effect of dense scientific papers","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"This can impede rather than ignite interest in scientists’ work, including from policymakers, businesses, and the public.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-41/c48","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/3fc0459b12654218","nativeRecordCid":"db333d6d-7c8a-46d5-ae31-68ac6c94c45d","documentId":"open-science-source-41","id":"c48","text":"Scientists are already using LLMs and early scientific assistants based on LLMs to help address the challenges of digesting and communicating scientific knowledge, such as by synthesising the most relevant insights from the literature.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"scientists' use of LLMs for knowledge tasks","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Scientists are already using LLMs, and early scientific assistants based on LLMs, to help address these challenges, such as by [synthesising the most relevant insights](https://www.futurehouse.org/research-announcements/wikicrow) from the literature.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-41/c49","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/652b5353e71b4390","nativeRecordCid":"b5a7bdde-e66b-4cce-b5d9-83168e275631","documentId":"open-science-source-41","id":"c49","text":"Upcoming innovations, such as fine-tuning LLMs on more scientific data and advances in long context windows and citation use, will steadily improve LLMs' capabilities for scientific knowledge tasks.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"upcoming LLM innovations","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Upcoming innovations, such as fine-tuning LLMs on more scientific data and advances in long context windows and citation use, will steadily improve these capabilities.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-41/c50","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/f5cf8664c39144bf","nativeRecordCid":"f4381120-3d44-4012-93c8-ae40e7c3b206","documentId":"open-science-source-41","id":"c50","text":"AI opportunities to transform how scientists digest and communicate knowledge are not without risk.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"risk of AI knowledge opportunities","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"As we expand on below, these opportunities are not without risk.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-41/c51","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/44b916a21e444481","nativeRecordCid":"3bc564a3-94c8-4756-b4e7-122860599609","documentId":"open-science-source-41","id":"c51","text":"AI opportunities to transform how scientists digest and communicate knowledge provide a window to fundamentally rethink certain scientific tasks, such as what it means to read or write a scientific paper.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"AI's effect on scientific tasks","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"But they provide a window to fundamentally rethink certain scientific tasks, such as what it means to ‘read’ or ‘write’ a scientific paper in a world where a scientist can use an LLM to help critique it, tailor its implications for different audiences, or transform it into an ‘interactive paper’ or [audio guide](https://blog.google/technology/ai/notebooklm-audio-overviews/?utm_source=deepmind.google&utm_medium=referral&utm_campaign=gdm&utm_content=).","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-41/c52","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/12e009af1daa4970","nativeRecordCid":"c5afe1a6-fcf8-4d78-8ebd-e84390c2c863","documentId":"open-science-source-41","id":"c52","text":"There is a chronic lack of scientific data on most of the natural and social world, from the soil, deep ocean and atmosphere, to the informal economy.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"scarcity of scientific data","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Despite popular narratives about an era of data abundance, there is a chronic lack of scientific data on most of the natural and social world, from the soil, deep ocean and atmosphere, to the informal economy.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-41/c53","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/21b2a718113b4c88","nativeRecordCid":"241293fc-f773-4256-8033-8d1a54c57c74","documentId":"open-science-source-41","id":"c53","text":"AI could make existing data collection more accurate, for example by reducing the noise and errors that can occur when sequencing DNA, detecting cell types in a sample, or capturing animal sounds.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"AI's effect on data collection accuracy","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"It could make existing data collection more accurate, for example by reducing the noise and errors that can occur when [sequencing DNA](https://academic.oup.com/gigascience/article/7/5/giy037/4966989), [detecting cell types in a sample](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33077966/), or [capturing animal sounds](https://blog.google/intl/en-au/company-news/technology/ai-ecoacoustics/?utm_source=deepmind.google&utm_medium=referral&utm_campaign=gdm&utm_content=).","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-41/c54","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/5f81480b22ab41ea","nativeRecordCid":"7cedb25a-ccc3-4629-ac0a-71f5c76f2e8e","documentId":"open-science-source-41","id":"c54","text":"LLMs have a growing ability to operate across images, video and audio.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"LLMs' multimodal ability","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Scientists can also exploit LLMs’ growing ability to operate across images, video and audio, to extract the *unstructured* scientific data that is buried in scientific publications, archives, and less obvious resources such as instructional videos, and convert it into structured datasets.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-41/c55","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/5cb1e6520d7445ed","nativeRecordCid":"1dd5e4ec-20a3-4c74-ba68-f780dccd0bd7","documentId":"open-science-source-41","id":"c55","text":"Scientists can exploit LLMs to extract unstructured scientific data buried in scientific publications, archives, and other resources and convert it into structured datasets.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"scientists' use of LLMs for data extraction","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Scientists can also exploit LLMs’ growing ability to operate across images, video and audio, to extract the *unstructured* scientific data that is buried in scientific publications, archives, and less obvious resources such as instructional videos, and convert it into structured datasets.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-41/c56","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/8307b9327e3642b6","nativeRecordCid":"723cafbc-d3c8-4c40-8c30-dd115bf3df63","documentId":"open-science-source-41","id":"c56","text":"AI can help to annotate scientific data with the supporting information that scientists need in order to use it.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"AI's role in data annotation","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"AI can also help to annotate scientific data with the supporting information that scientists need in order to use it.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-41/c57","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/8c3c363d93304ab9","nativeRecordCid":"2f206f1d-16d3-48e2-9a58-ad39637ccb1e","documentId":"open-science-source-41","id":"c57","text":"At least one-third of microbial proteins are not reliably annotated with details about the functions that they are thought to perform.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"microbial protein annotation","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"For example, at least one-third of microbial proteins [are not reliably annotated](https://www.nature.com/articles/s41586-018-0124-0) with details about the function(s) that they are thought to perform.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-41/c58","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/d25d790538b04254","nativeRecordCid":"9a772d60-725e-46bb-b47f-7cc9f73d8ef3","documentId":"open-science-source-41","id":"c58","text":"AI models, once validated, can serve as new sources of synthetic scientific data.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"AI models as data sources","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"AI models, once validated, can also serve as new sources of synthetic scientific data.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-41/c59","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/a990f6ddec5848d7","nativeRecordCid":"e816e29c-4def-4fd4-a824-32f5d784fbc5","documentId":"open-science-source-41","id":"c59","text":"AI opportunities can complement other efforts to generate scientific data, such as digitising archives or funding new data capture technologies and methods.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"AI opportunities and data-generation efforts","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"These AI opportunities can complement and increase the return on other much-needed efforts to generate scientific data, such as [digitising archives](https://www.nhm.ac.uk/press-office/press-releases/natural-history-museum-to-lead-new-national-programme-to-digitis.html), or funding new data capture technologies and methods, like efforts underway in single cell genomics to create powerful datasets of individual cells in unprecedented detail.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-41/c60","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/32de410468d447e8","nativeRecordCid":"4f02e983-fd68-404c-9f9b-16188a5dbfbb","documentId":"open-science-source-41","id":"c60","text":"AI opportunities can increase the return on other efforts to generate scientific data, such as digitising archives or funding new data capture technologies and methods.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"AI opportunities and data-generation efforts","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"These AI opportunities can complement and increase the return on other much-needed efforts to generate scientific data, such as [digitising archives](https://www.nhm.ac.uk/press-office/press-releases/natural-history-museum-to-lead-new-national-programme-to-digitis.html), or funding new data capture technologies and methods, like efforts underway in single cell genomics to create powerful datasets of individual cells in unprecedented detail.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-41/c61","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/b2f8c8d0ba554dea","nativeRecordCid":"88ac6148-7c15-4eef-aa07-65756494dfc8","documentId":"open-science-source-41","id":"c61","text":"Efforts to generate scientific data, such as digitising archives and funding new data capture technologies and methods, are much needed.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"","subject":"efforts to generate scientific data","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"These AI opportunities can complement and increase the return on other much-needed efforts to generate scientific data, such as [digitising archives](https://www.nhm.ac.uk/press-office/press-releases/natural-history-museum-to-lead-new-national-programme-to-digitis.html), or funding new data capture technologies and methods, like efforts underway in single cell genomics to create powerful datasets of individual cells in unprecedented detail.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-41/c62","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/008e9f6b52bc48aa","nativeRecordCid":"3583735c-c202-4d54-98be-0cad81f1ef7b","documentId":"open-science-source-41","id":"c62","text":"Many scientific experiments are expensive, complex, and slow.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"scientific experiments","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Many scientific experiments are expensive, complex, and slow.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-41/c63","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/957598603c47479f","nativeRecordCid":"d640fc42-a1f7-4449-b51a-1e8909d87958","documentId":"open-science-source-41","id":"c63","text":"Some scientific experiments do not happen at all because researchers cannot access the facilities, participants or inputs that they need.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"barriers to conducting experiments","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Some do not happen at all because researchers cannot access the facilities, participants or inputs that they need.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-41/c64","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/ca14549577c94e7b","nativeRecordCid":"7828400a-f047-4828-bec7-d036952897e1","documentId":"open-science-source-41","id":"c64","text":"Fusion promises an energy source that is practically limitless and emission-free.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"fusion energy","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"It promises an energy source that is practically limitless, emission-free and could enable the scaling of energy-intensive innovations, like desalination.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-41/c65","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/d19a1d1b386f4568","nativeRecordCid":"2a9e3d5a-b594-46fb-8672-ce722e79d15f","documentId":"open-science-source-41","id":"c65","text":"Fusion could enable the scaling of energy-intensive innovations, like desalination.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"fusion energy","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"It promises an energy source that is practically limitless, emission-free and could enable the scaling of energy-intensive innovations, like desalination.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-41/c66","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/bbeb331704104e44","nativeRecordCid":"1cd880ad-fc39-414c-82cc-b26159107bf0","documentId":"open-science-source-41","id":"c66","text":"Scientists must create and control plasma in order to realise fusion.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"scientists","subject":"creating and controlling plasma","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"To realise fusion, scientists need to create and control *plasma* - a fourth fundamental state of matter.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-41/c67","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/02e77f787a664bbd","nativeRecordCid":"fbf0feff-18d9-4b8e-b770-96cb785e2105","documentId":"open-science-source-41","id":"c67","text":"Plasma is a fourth fundamental state of matter.","kind":"definitional","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"plasma","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"To realise fusion, scientists need to create and control *plasma* - a fourth fundamental state of matter.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-41/c68","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/9ed619fa0fda4bad","nativeRecordCid":"ce59b180-ac8d-4727-866c-f7d0225c883c","documentId":"open-science-source-41","id":"c68","text":"The facilities needed to realise fusion are hugely complex to build.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"fusion facilities","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"However, the facilities needed are hugely complex to build.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-41/c69","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/6e3913fd2c664dea","nativeRecordCid":"1396e6a2-1560-4761-9c2a-9c2aed0005ff","documentId":"open-science-source-41","id":"c69","text":"AI could help to simulate fusion experiments.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"AI's role in fusion experiments","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"AI could help to simulate fusion experiments and enable much more efficient use of subsequent experiment time.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-41/c70","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/441f22d869f74c09","nativeRecordCid":"e49d1669-7077-4135-86cb-ef6025be96fd","documentId":"open-science-source-41","id":"c70","text":"AI could enable much more efficient use of subsequent fusion experiment time.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"AI's role in fusion experiments","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"AI could help to simulate fusion experiments and enable much more efficient use of subsequent experiment time.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-41/c71","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/9a0e0a0287524b7d","nativeRecordCid":"a24ed774-2ff9-4677-8f62-e9a8c5bf0179","documentId":"open-science-source-41","id":"c71","text":"Running reinforcement learning agents on simulations of physical systems is one approach to using AI to simulate fusion experiments.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"reinforcement learning approach to simulation","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"One approach is to run reinforcement learning agents on simulations of physical systems.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-41/c72","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/1d37f5e984fa479d","nativeRecordCid":"b98a1229-989d-4f02-a993-9f08e4aaadc5","documentId":"open-science-source-41","id":"c72","text":"Reinforcement learning approaches to controlling plasma shape could be extended to other experimental facilities, such as particle accelerators, telescope arrays, or gravitational wave detectors.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"reinforcement learning approaches to experimental facilities","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"These approaches could be extended to other experimental facilities, such as [particle accelerators](https://proceedings.mlr.press/v162/kaiser22a/kaiser22a.pdf), [telescope arrays](https://iopscience.iop.org/article/10.3847/1538-3881/accceb), or [gravitational wave detectors](https://uk.mathworks.com/company/user_stories/max-planck-institute-develops-gravitational-wave-detector-reinforcement-learning-system.html).","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-41/c73","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/58571892975d41bd","nativeRecordCid":"4d4f54e5-6da4-4ad7-9222-139c36369b0e","documentId":"open-science-source-41","id":"c73","text":"Using AI to simulate experiments looks very different across disciplines.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"AI simulation of experiments across disciplines","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Using AI to simulate experiments will look very different across disciplines, but a common thread is that the simulations will often inform and guide physical experiments, rather than substitute for them.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-41/c74","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/15a46862f51147dd","nativeRecordCid":"16fb1745-3b5e-4e76-875c-fe4a6c9038a3","documentId":"open-science-source-41","id":"c74","text":"AI simulations of experiments often inform and guide physical experiments rather than substitute for them.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"AI simulations' relationship to physical experiments","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Using AI to simulate experiments will look very different across disciplines, but a common thread is that the simulations will often inform and guide physical experiments, rather than substitute for them.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-41/c75","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/fd95c485c47e4434","nativeRecordCid":"aab2723d-4937-4e59-a3de-d4f4826f95e0","documentId":"open-science-source-41","id":"c75","text":"The average person has more than 9,000 missense variants, or single letter substitutions, in their DNA.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"missense genetic variants in humans","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"For example, the average person [has more than 9,000](https://www.nature.com/articles/s41586-021-04103-z/tables/1) *missense* variants, or single letter substitutions in their DNA.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-41/c76","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/f0b9e78bf4234931","nativeRecordCid":"a7d0005a-56a6-48bf-97cb-d6a5892761b3","documentId":"open-science-source-41","id":"c76","text":"Most missense genetic variants are benign.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"missense genetic variants","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Most of these genetic variants are benign but some can disrupt the functions that proteins perform, contributing to rare genetic diseases like cystic fibrosis as well as common diseases like cancer.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-41/c77","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/301c1fae64364a92","nativeRecordCid":"742e57a1-173f-44d4-a26f-53fc76de3074","documentId":"open-science-source-41","id":"c77","text":"Some missense genetic variants can disrupt the functions that proteins perform, contributing to diseases such as cystic fibrosis and cancer.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"missense genetic variants","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Most of these genetic variants are benign but some can disrupt the functions that proteins perform, contributing to rare genetic diseases like cystic fibrosis as well as common diseases like cancer.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-41/c78","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/b209a987de9a4843","nativeRecordCid":"17c51348-88d2-4438-b890-1722f83ddba5","documentId":"open-science-source-41","id":"c78","text":"Physical experiments to test the effects of missense genetic variants are often limited to a single protein.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"testing effects of genetic variants","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Physical experiments to test the effects of these variants are often limited to a single protein.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-41/c79","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/691bc5526ad24595","nativeRecordCid":"a6ea6b1b-f735-4127-a485-9c0ab1b2cb07","documentId":"open-science-source-41","id":"c79","text":"AlphaMissense enables scientists to focus their physical experiments on the most likely contributors to disease.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"AlphaMissense","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Our [AlphaMissense model](https://deepmind.google/discover/blog/a-catalogue-of-genetic-mutations-to-help-pinpoint-the-cause-of-diseases/?utm_source=deepmind.google&utm_medium=referral&utm_campaign=gdm&utm_content=) classifies 89% of the 71 million potential human missense variants as likely harmful or benign, enabling scientists to focus their physical experiments on the most likely contributors to disease.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-41/c80","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/280f14f48f544b44","nativeRecordCid":"96a93df3-9ce5-42f4-af4d-d2db4d06bd6f","documentId":"open-science-source-41","id":"c80","text":"Over the past half century, models that rely on sets of equations or other deterministic assumptions have struggled to capture the full complexity of systems in biology, economics, weather, and elsewhere.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"deterministic models of complex systems","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"However, over the past half century, models that rely on sets of equations or other deterministic assumptions [have struggled](https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/complex-systems/articles/10.3389/fcpxs.2023.1235202/full) to capture [the full complexity of systems in biology, economics, weather, and elsewhere](https://academic.oup.com/book/51004).","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-41/c81","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/402693361dc747f0","nativeRecordCid":"3c18386e-99df-450a-b463-019055417589","documentId":"open-science-source-41","id":"c81","text":"Complex systems in biology, economics, weather and elsewhere have a large number of interacting parts, dynamism, and potential for emergent, random or chaotic behaviour.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"complex systems","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"This reflects the sheer number of interacting parts that make up these systems, as well as their dynamism and potential for emergent, random or chaotic behaviour.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-41/c82","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/4939c5ea8f9e452f","nativeRecordCid":"1a524f29-324e-4c42-8489-816f226882b7","documentId":"open-science-source-41","id":"c82","text":"The challenges in modelling complex systems impede scientists' ability to predict or control how they will behave, including during shocks or interventions, such as rising temperatures, a new drug, or the introduction of a tax change.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"modelling challenges and scientists' predictive ability","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The challenges in modelling these systems impedes scientists' ability to predict or control how they will behave, including during shocks or interventions, such as rising temperatures, a new drug, or the introduction of a tax change.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-41/c83","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/35f51a3e7b2f436e","nativeRecordCid":"16b279e7-2763-43a8-9350-43d9efe228fe","documentId":"open-science-source-41","id":"c83","text":"AI could more accurately model complex systems by ingesting more data about them and learning more powerful patterns and regularities within this data.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"AI's modelling of complex systems","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"AI could more accurately model these complex systems by ingesting more data about them, and learning more powerful patterns and regularities within this data.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-41/c84","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/3f4aae2699a94245","nativeRecordCid":"425fc6a0-2781-4e2e-a7e9-db59395ac139","documentId":"open-science-source-41","id":"c84","text":"Modern weather forecasting is a triumph of science and engineering.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"modern weather forecasting","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"For example, modern weather forecasting is a triumph of science and engineering.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-41/c85","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/125700c890294205","nativeRecordCid":"8d349f48-e251-475f-b614-815cb5dc39db","documentId":"open-science-source-41","id":"c85","text":"For governments and industry, weather forecasting informs everything from renewable energy planning to preparing for hurricanes and floods.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"uses of weather forecasting","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"For governments and industry, it informs everything from renewable energy planning to preparing for [hurricanes](https://www.nber.org/papers/w32548) and [floods](https://research.google/blog/a-flood-forecasting-ai-model-trained-and-evaluated-globally/).","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-41/c86","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/15f9234a37c84877","nativeRecordCid":"b04c93be-04ff-4885-b16d-32618958e89c","documentId":"open-science-source-41","id":"c86","text":"For the public, the weather is the most popular non-branded query on Google Search.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"public interest in weather","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"For the public, the weather is the most popular non-branded query on Google Search.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-41/c87","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/d28dec84ccea4942","nativeRecordCid":"2e6343af-eae7-4daa-b4fd-2d4497b8f44c","documentId":"open-science-source-41","id":"c87","text":"Traditional numerical weather prediction methods are based on carefully-defined physics equations that provide a very useful, yet imperfect, approximation of the atmosphere's complex dynamics.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"traditional numerical weather prediction methods","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Traditional [numeral prediction methods](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Numerical_weather_prediction) are based on carefully-defined physics equations that provide a very useful, yet imperfect, approximation of the atmosphere's complex dynamics.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-41/c88","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/23c4171cf7674863","nativeRecordCid":"458ad22b-9903-4a7c-b1b8-71de7613fc63","documentId":"open-science-source-41","id":"c88","text":"Traditional numerical weather prediction methods are computationally expensive to run.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"traditional numerical weather prediction methods","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"They are also computationally expensive to run.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-41/c89","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/dbf874d6e7554aeb","nativeRecordCid":"97c9b2ed-f09e-4133-8212-a6995d06abd3","documentId":"open-science-source-41","id":"c89","text":"DeepMind's deep learning weather system outperformed traditional models on accuracy and prediction speed.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"DeepMind's deep learning weather system","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"In 2023, we released a [deep learning system](https://www.science.org/stoken/author-tokens/ST-1550/full) that predicts weather conditions up to 10 days in advance, which outperformed traditional models on accuracy and prediction speed.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-41/c90","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/b42ddf1c9e434915","nativeRecordCid":"fec52346-4708-4b3c-9c6c-88d290c10bba","documentId":"open-science-source-41","id":"c90","text":"Using AI to forecast weather variables could help to mitigate and respond to climate change.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"AI weather forecasting and climate change","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"As we expand on below, using AI to forecast weather variables could also help to mitigate and respond to climate change.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-41/c91","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/6ee0fdec46404fe8","nativeRecordCid":"4470b7f9-30c4-467c-953e-0d3dac1a22bf","documentId":"open-science-source-41","id":"c91","text":"When pilots fly through humid regions it can cause condensation trails that contribute to aviation's global warming impact.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"condensation trails and aviation warming","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"For instance, when pilots fly through humid regions it can cause *condensation trails* that [contribute to](https://www.iata.org/contentassets/726b8a2559ad48fe9decb6f2534549a6/aviation-contrails-climate-impact-report.pdf) aviation’s global warming impact.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-41/c92","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/f42a15d3b83d4915","nativeRecordCid":"0ab3d63f-86c8-4bd0-8d72-f677a8d12bbf","documentId":"open-science-source-41","id":"c92","text":"In many cases, AI will enrich traditional approaches to modelling complex systems rather than replace them.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"AI's relationship to traditional modelling approaches","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"In many cases, AI will enrich traditional approaches to modelling complex systems rather than replace them.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-41/c93","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/71c7b7bd28c3475e","nativeRecordCid":"5f695a28-3802-44c1-b24f-f1e50ea9e81f","documentId":"open-science-source-41","id":"c93","text":"Agent-based modelling simulates interactions between individual actors, like firms and consumers, to understand how these interactions might affect a larger more complex system like the economy.","kind":"definitional","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"agent-based modelling","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"For example, agent-based modelling simulates interactions between individual actors, like firms and consumers, to understand how these interactions might affect a larger more complex system like the economy.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-41/c94","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/8156dd6944684f21","nativeRecordCid":"03c6df37-6201-4af7-bf14-fab3f37a2aa3","documentId":"open-science-source-41","id":"c94","text":"Traditional agent-based modelling approaches require scientists to specify beforehand how computational agents should behave.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"traditional agent-based modelling","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Traditional approaches require scientists to specify beforehand how these computational agents should behave.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-41/c95","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/8e05b8842fbc4f6e","nativeRecordCid":"32ba0889-e015-4e82-8101-a18d1c12c3ad","documentId":"open-science-source-41","id":"c95","text":"Scientists could use LLMs to create more flexible generative agents that communicate and take actions, such as searching for information or making purchases, while also reasoning about and remembering these actions.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"LLM-based generative agents","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Our research teams [recently outlined](https://arxiv.org/pdf/2312.03664) how scientists could use LLMs to create more flexible *generative* agents that communicate and take actions, such as searching for information or making purchases, while also reasoning about and remembering these actions.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-41/c96","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/62469ccdd4e34209","nativeRecordCid":"1de9ed27-4d60-43b1-9f6a-4994439e9cc8","documentId":"open-science-source-41","id":"c96","text":"Scientists could use reinforcement learning to study how agents learn and adapt their behaviour in more dynamic simulations, for example in response to the introduction of new energy prices or pandemic response policies.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"reinforcement learning in agent simulations","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Scientists could also use reinforcement learning to study how these agents learn and adapt their behaviour in [more dynamic simulations](https://osf.io/preprints/osf/6fw42), for example in response to the introduction of new energy prices or pandemic response policies.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-41/c97","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/7da4f78f072b4d33","nativeRecordCid":"eac6a759-6320-4f13-9847-da404b5532d2","documentId":"open-science-source-41","id":"c97","text":"Large search spaces are commonplace for many scientific problems beyond molecules, such as finding proofs, algorithms, or chip architectures.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"scientific search spaces","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"These large search spaces are not limited to molecules but are commonplace for many scientific problems, such as finding the best proof for a maths problem, the most efficient algorithm for a computer science task, or the [best architecture for a computer chip](https://deepmind.google/discover/blog/how-alphachip-transformed-computer-chip-design/?utm_source=deepmind.google&utm_medium=referral&utm_campaign=gdm&utm_content=).","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-41/c98","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/6badde9965fe4429","nativeRecordCid":"6298ccaa-cf08-4f84-abd1-ae81c4d83f13","documentId":"open-science-source-41","id":"c98","text":"Scientists traditionally rely on some combination of intuition, trial and error, iteration, or brute force computing to find the best molecule, proof, or algorithm.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"scientists' traditional methods","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Traditionally, scientists rely on some combination of intuition, trial and error, iteration, or brute force computing to find the best molecule, proof, or algorithm.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-41/c99","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/4f1d8b31c6884e0f","nativeRecordCid":"079b4a81-e037-4ff7-9914-e522f02ba1b2","documentId":"open-science-source-41","id":"c99","text":"Traditional methods struggle to exploit the huge space of potential solutions, leaving better ones undiscovered.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"traditional methods","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"However, these methods struggle to exploit the huge space of potential solutions, leaving better ones undiscovered.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-41/c100","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/b5af7a2f6c464077","nativeRecordCid":"e14e2c10-3afd-469b-9624-3a2d335d96cf","documentId":"open-science-source-41","id":"c100","text":"AI can open up new parts of large solution search spaces.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"AI capability on search spaces","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"AI can [open up new parts of these search spaces](https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0048733324000386) while also homing in more quickly on the solutions that are most likely to be viable and useful - a delicate balancing act.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-41/c101","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/3824ff40df054145","nativeRecordCid":"262a978c-f025-4a1a-b685-1ce87ed97667","documentId":"open-science-source-41","id":"c101","text":"AI can home in more quickly on the solutions that are most likely to be viable and useful.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"AI capability on solutions","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"AI can [open up new parts of these search spaces](https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0048733324000386) while also homing in more quickly on the solutions that are most likely to be viable and useful - a delicate balancing act.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-41/c102","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/f3995fc844df4b8f","nativeRecordCid":"12e49253-4c97-4dfb-9514-6ca8d7d05449","documentId":"open-science-source-41","id":"c102","text":"Current LLM-based AI scientific assistants make a relatively small contribution to a relatively narrow range of tasks, such as supporting literature reviews.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"AI scientific assistants","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Current LLM-based AI scientific assistants make a relatively small contribution to a relatively narrow range of tasks, such as supporting literature reviews.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-41/c103","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/b3417018cd7846c6","nativeRecordCid":"891c2f76-6a40-4222-a82b-dea5c1b0916c","documentId":"open-science-source-41","id":"c103","text":"AI scientific assistants may become capable of more impactful tasks in the near term, such as helping to generate powerful hypotheses or predict experiment outcomes.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"AI scientific assistants' future capability","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"There are plausible near-term scenarios in which they become better at these tasks and become capable of more impactful ones, such as helping to generate powerful hypotheses, or helping to predict the outcomes of experiments.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-41/c104","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/8b8ef5fde10946bd","nativeRecordCid":"dac42795-1d3c-4209-be3a-9b0febe5c116","documentId":"open-science-source-41","id":"c104","text":"Current AI systems still struggle with the deeper creativity and reasoning that human scientists rely on for such tasks.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"current AI systems","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"However, current systems still struggle with the deeper creativity and [reasoning](https://arxiv.org/pdf/2306.05836) that human scientists rely on for such tasks.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-41/c105","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/d0b83d51bf174825","nativeRecordCid":"1df444a6-7d25-41f6-bc34-42cf643d762a","documentId":"open-science-source-41","id":"c105","text":"Efforts are underway to improve AI capabilities for scientific reasoning, for example by combining LLMs with logical deduction engines.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"AI capability improvement efforts","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"[Efforts are underway to improve these AI capabilities](https://openai.com/index/learning-to-reason-with-llms/), for example by combining LLMs with logical deduction engines, as in our [AlphaProof and AlphaGeometry 2](https://deepmind.google/discover/blog/ai-solves-imo-problems-at-silver-medal-level/) examples, but further breakthroughs are needed.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-41/c106","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/bf78ca542dc84777","nativeRecordCid":"c7a0f94b-7f79-4a80-ae96-4d6e74a42925","documentId":"open-science-source-41","id":"c106","text":"Further breakthroughs in AI reasoning and creativity capabilities are needed.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"","subject":"AI reasoning breakthroughs","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"[Efforts are underway to improve these AI capabilities](https://openai.com/index/learning-to-reason-with-llms/), for example by combining LLMs with logical deduction engines, as in our [AlphaProof and AlphaGeometry 2](https://deepmind.google/discover/blog/ai-solves-imo-problems-at-silver-medal-level/) examples, but further breakthroughs are needed.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-41/c107","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/333a1b75f0274885","nativeRecordCid":"55448c16-9f97-4e9f-8ee6-b0bee6ffac67","documentId":"open-science-source-41","id":"c107","text":"The ability to accelerate or automate experiments is harder for those requiring complicated wet-lab actions, human participant interaction, or lengthy processes.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"experiment acceleration/automation","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The ability to accelerate or automate experiments will also be harder for those that require complicated actions in wet labs, interacting with human participants, or lengthy processes, such as monitoring disease progression.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-41/c108","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/7edb657486a242c4","nativeRecordCid":"04490be7-4dbd-45fc-abd2-7e00ec122153","documentId":"open-science-source-41","id":"c108","text":"Work is underway on new types of laboratory robotics and automated labs.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"laboratory automation efforts","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Although again, work is underway in some of these areas, such as new types of laboratory robotics and [automated labs](https://alignbio.org/the-challenge).","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-41/c109","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/24ad62a4657842c3","nativeRecordCid":"5b7b9744-46bf-4239-81fd-11d2ed70ef28","documentId":"open-science-source-41","id":"c109","text":"The greatest marginal benefit from AI systems will come from deploying them in use cases that play to their relative strengths and address genuine bottlenecks to scientific progress, rather than automating tasks human scientists already do well.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"deployment of AI systems","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Even as AI systems’ capabilities improve, the greatest marginal benefit will come from deploying them in use cases that play to their relative strengths - such as the ability to rapidly extract information from huge datasets - and which help address genuine bottlenecks to scientific progress such as the five opportunities outlined above, rather than automating tasks that human scientists already do well.","representedInStars":false}
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{"key":"open-science-source-41/c144","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/775e53fd282c4108","nativeRecordCid":"7f3c2be8-e610-4ca3-b8f4-89b04dd94974","documentId":"open-science-source-41","id":"c144","text":"There is no perfect solution to the tradeoff between publishing benchmarks for community buy-in and the risk of benchmark leakage.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"benchmark publication tradeoff","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"There is no perfect solution to this tradeoff but, at a minimum, new public benchmarks are needed at regular intervals.","representedInStars":false}
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{"key":"open-science-source-41/c146","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/9ea5e745f06e4056","nativeRecordCid":"983050d4-71f4-42d0-a7e2-60553819d713","documentId":"open-science-source-41","id":"c146","text":"Scientists, AI labs and policymakers should explore setting up new third-party assessor organisations to assess the scientific capabilities of AI models.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"scientists, AI labs and policymakers","subject":"AI capability assessment methods","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Scientists, AI labs and policymakers should also explore new ways to assess the scientific capabilities of AI models, such as setting up new third-party assessor organisations, competitions, and enabling more open-ended probing of AI models’ capabilities by scientists.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-41/c147","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/3e7649ed453644ea","nativeRecordCid":"c17a2268-a846-4905-9ec6-61b2f6d7d048","documentId":"open-science-source-41","id":"c147","text":"Scientists, AI labs and policymakers should explore setting up new competitions to assess the scientific capabilities of AI models.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"scientists, AI labs and policymakers","subject":"AI capability assessment methods","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Scientists, AI labs and policymakers should also explore new ways to assess the scientific capabilities of AI models, such as setting up new third-party assessor organisations, competitions, and enabling more open-ended probing of AI models’ capabilities by scientists.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-41/c148","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/b5c7a5868b2b4046","nativeRecordCid":"f7a5cd4a-4168-4d3d-9ab9-900491f22597","documentId":"open-science-source-41","id":"c148","text":"Scientists, AI labs and policymakers should enable more open-ended probing of AI models' capabilities by scientists.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"scientists, AI labs and policymakers","subject":"AI capability assessment methods","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Scientists, AI labs and policymakers should also explore new ways to assess the scientific capabilities of AI models, such as setting up new third-party assessor organisations, competitions, and enabling more open-ended probing of AI models’ capabilities by scientists.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-41/c149","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/20e5c33770dc4431","nativeRecordCid":"613cb366-5609-4798-a406-2049cbbd27f3","documentId":"open-science-source-41","id":"c149","text":"Compute is of growing importance to progress in AI.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"importance of compute","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Multiple [government reviews have recognised](https://nairrpilot.org/) the growing importance of compute to progress in AI, science, and the wider economy.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-41/c150","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/8054dfd78f4041c7","nativeRecordCid":"8de58c29-e61b-4217-bcb1-116c14552632","documentId":"open-science-source-41","id":"c150","text":"Compute is of growing importance to progress in science.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"importance of compute","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Multiple [government reviews have recognised](https://nairrpilot.org/) the growing importance of compute to progress in AI, science, and the wider economy.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-41/c151","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/f60f868ba2f341af","nativeRecordCid":"bacd21fa-3e84-407f-a6b8-08d9176b568f","documentId":"open-science-source-41","id":"c151","text":"Compute is of growing importance to progress in the wider economy.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"importance of compute","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Multiple [government reviews have recognised](https://nairrpilot.org/) the growing importance of compute to progress in AI, science, and the wider economy.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-41/c152","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/872124d4b76249fc","nativeRecordCid":"6f64381c-1a0d-4f84-b830-b20a494b5f7f","documentId":"open-science-source-41","id":"c152","text":"There is a growing focus on compute's energy consumption.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"compute energy consumption","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"As we expand on further below, there is also a growing focus on its energy consumption and greenhouse gas emissions.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-41/c153","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/93785e3f868e4d60","nativeRecordCid":"12e35ad8-08e2-4b4d-8e51-2e24417c75c4","documentId":"open-science-source-41","id":"c153","text":"There is a growing focus on compute's greenhouse gas emissions.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"compute greenhouse gas emissions","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"As we expand on further below, there is also a growing focus on its energy consumption and greenhouse gas emissions.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-41/c154","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/85db73644d0c4a96","nativeRecordCid":"cb0afde4-5a0f-4fae-979e-7d4d8d2eefc3","documentId":"open-science-source-41","id":"c154","text":"AI labs and policymakers should take a grounded, long-term view that considers how compute needs vary across AI models and use cases, potential multiplier effects and efficiency gains, and how this compares to counterfactual non-AI approaches to scientific progress.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"AI labs and policymakers","subject":"compute strategy view","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"AI labs and policymakers should take a grounded, long-term view that considers how compute needs will vary across AI models and use cases, potential multiplier effects and efficiency gains, and how this compares to counterfactual approaches to scientific progress that don’t use AI.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-41/c155","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/debb5fd08b4a47ea","nativeRecordCid":"e8a0fd84-ca50-4b48-9d78-4d2aab47a90f","documentId":"open-science-source-41","id":"c155","text":"Some state-of-the-art AI models, such as in protein design, are relatively small.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"state-of-the-art AI model size","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"For example, some state-of-the-art AI models, such as in protein design, are relatively small.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-41/c156","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/bfe1fc34065442ed","nativeRecordCid":"7dab77a4-4c68-4243-9171-f01be6868a3e","documentId":"open-science-source-41","id":"c156","text":"Larger models, like LLMs, are compute-intensive to train but typically require much less compute to fine-tune or run inference against.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"large model compute needs","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Larger models, like LLMs, are compute-intensive to train but typically require much less compute to fine-tune, or to run inference against, which can open up more efficient pathways to science research.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-41/c157","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/62e255299cfc4669","nativeRecordCid":"8bad4d77-b45b-45a3-9491-205b4a33ca08","documentId":"open-science-source-41","id":"c157","text":"The lower compute needed to fine-tune or run inference on large models can open up more efficient pathways to science research.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"efficient pathways to science research","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Larger models, like LLMs, are compute-intensive to train but typically require much less compute to fine-tune, or to run inference against, which can open up more efficient pathways to science research.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-41/c158","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/ebf612f149fc49d1","nativeRecordCid":"40d96501-d9db-4120-8770-c5c17137e571","documentId":"open-science-source-41","id":"c158","text":"Once an LLM is trained, it is easier to make it more efficient, for example via better data curation or by distilling the large model into a smaller one.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"trained LLM efficiency","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Once an LLM is trained, it is also easier to make it more efficient, for example via better [data curation](https://arxiv.org/html/2406.17711v1), or by ‘[distilling](https://arxiv.org/abs/1910.01108)’ the large model into a smaller one.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-41/c159","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/cd6366496cb248e7","nativeRecordCid":"fb1808b8-6bae-4b17-97d0-b3b5a715b025","documentId":"open-science-source-41","id":"c159","text":"AI compute needs should be evaluated in comparison to other models of scientific progress.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"","subject":"AI compute needs evaluation","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"AI compute needs should also be evaluated in comparison to other models of scientific progress.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-41/c160","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/65f3c462be63466f","nativeRecordCid":"ded9f4c1-c8d1-46b5-9f3b-2f4cc7b7fe20","documentId":"open-science-source-41","id":"c160","text":"AI weather forecasting models are compute-intensive to train, but can still be more computationally efficient than traditional techniques.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"AI weather forecasting models","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"For example, AI weather forecasting models are compute-intensive to train, but [can still be](https://research.google/blog/fast-accurate-climate-modeling-with-neuralgcm/) more computationally-efficient than traditional techniques.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-41/c161","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/8bd5043e79bd446e","nativeRecordCid":"d1e9eb90-72fd-471a-b7c4-0112e9536f85","documentId":"open-science-source-41","id":"c161","text":"AI labs and policymakers must track compute use empirically.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"AI labs and policymakers","subject":"compute use tracking","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"These nuances highlight the need for AI labs and policymakers to track compute use empirically, to understand how it is evolving, and to project what these trends mean for future demand.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-41/c162","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/1443816ff53f4f52","nativeRecordCid":"ecf73c0d-6e46-4dbe-978e-71a0c0d50f02","documentId":"open-science-source-41","id":"c162","text":"AI labs and policymakers must understand how compute use is evolving.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"AI labs and policymakers","subject":"compute use trends","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"These nuances highlight the need for AI labs and policymakers to track compute use empirically, to understand how it is evolving, and to project what these trends mean for future demand.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-41/c163","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/3db4b4c17a684a32","nativeRecordCid":"d4636886-d5ff-4f56-ab39-585407c69bd9","documentId":"open-science-source-41","id":"c163","text":"AI labs and policymakers must project what compute use trends mean for future demand.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"AI labs and policymakers","subject":"future compute demand","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"These nuances highlight the need for AI labs and policymakers to track compute use empirically, to understand how it is evolving, and to project what these trends mean for future demand.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-41/c164","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/4c3646e91ff64b86","nativeRecordCid":"9110bf70-851c-4f12-9061-e40a871cf502","documentId":"open-science-source-41","id":"c164","text":"A compute strategy should ensure sufficient access to the right kind of chips.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"","subject":"compute strategy chip access","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"In addition to ensuring sufficient access to the right kind of chips, a compute strategy should also prioritise the critical infrastructure and engineering skills needed to manage access and ensure reliability.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-41/c165","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/f67b79b6184b4570","nativeRecordCid":"3faf8e6b-0e10-414d-b24b-7dc41f014d8c","documentId":"open-science-source-41","id":"c165","text":"A compute strategy should prioritise the critical infrastructure and engineering skills needed to manage access and ensure reliability.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"","subject":"compute strategy infrastructure/skills","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"In addition to ensuring sufficient access to the right kind of chips, a compute strategy should also prioritise the critical infrastructure and engineering skills needed to manage access and ensure reliability.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-41/c166","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/174835da38144257","nativeRecordCid":"4f1861dd-d52d-4ee1-b52e-b334bd7882c9","documentId":"open-science-source-41","id":"c166","text":"Critical infrastructure and engineering skills for compute access are often under-resourced in academia and public research institutions.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"compute infrastructure/skills resourcing","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"This is often under-resourced in academia and public research institutions.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-41/c167","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/f880a422addf4e9e","nativeRecordCid":"cbac015f-d611-4f85-aada-590666f7a1af","documentId":"open-science-source-41","id":"c167","text":"Data can be viewed as critical infrastructure for AI for Science efforts.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"data as infrastructure","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Similar to compute, data can be viewed as critical *infrastructure* for AI for Science efforts that needs to be developed, maintained, and updated over time.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-41/c168","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/c5fefa3229c54091","nativeRecordCid":"f46dbc75-b845-49e9-bcdd-9c37ce642021","documentId":"open-science-source-41","id":"c168","text":"Data needs to be developed, maintained, and updated over time.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"","subject":"data maintenance","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Similar to compute, data can be viewed as critical *infrastructure* for AI for Science efforts that needs to be developed, maintained, and updated over time.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-41/c169","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/7e1719f111fb4afe","nativeRecordCid":"5080f9f3-b0ba-4626-981a-dee2a421774b","documentId":"open-science-source-41","id":"c169","text":"Top-down efforts play a role in creating scientific datasets.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"top-down dataset creation","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"There is a role for such top-down efforts.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-41/c170","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/f713d3088d3c4ea6","nativeRecordCid":"f06e7f58-5408-4fd9-b62d-7982ef9b17c3","documentId":"open-science-source-41","id":"c170","text":"It is often difficult to predict in advance what scientific datasets will be most important.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"predicting important datasets","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"However, it is often difficult to predict in advance what scientific datasets will be most important, and many AI for Science breakthroughs rely on data that emerged more organically, thanks to the efforts of an enterprising individual or small teams.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-41/c171","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/9f9d47bcc5e24b21","nativeRecordCid":"55ab354a-da82-4cac-898c-939aa0bd2f1b","documentId":"open-science-source-41","id":"c171","text":"Many AI for Science breakthroughs rely on data that emerged organically, thanks to the efforts of an enterprising individual or small teams.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"organically emerged data","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"However, it is often difficult to predict in advance what scientific datasets will be most important, and many AI for Science breakthroughs rely on data that emerged more organically, thanks to the efforts of an enterprising individual or small teams.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-41/c172","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/52054a4b8e86460a","nativeRecordCid":"7aadee96-f576-4768-be87-cdcc6cb0d4c5","documentId":"open-science-source-41","id":"c172","text":"Many AI labs now use Lean to help train their AI maths models.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"use of Lean by AI labs","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"It is not a dataset, but many AI labs now use it to help train their AI maths models, including our [AlphaProof](https://deepmind.google/discover/blog/ai-solves-imo-problems-at-silver-medal-level/) system.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-41/c173","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/2f84aac1dcd24c72","nativeRecordCid":"4e8583a9-9d97-4cc0-8a99-6c2fb10d0051","documentId":"open-science-source-41","id":"c173","text":"Top-down data efforts need to be complemented by better incentives for individuals at all stages of the data pipeline.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"","subject":"data pipeline incentives","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Efforts like [gnomAD](https://gnomad.broadinstitute.org/) or [Lean](https://leanprover-community.github.io/) highlight how top-down data efforts need to be complemented by better incentives for individuals at all stages of the data pipeline.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-41/c174","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/2b7274992f524a2c","nativeRecordCid":"edec74de-4b0a-4bdd-a776-01db9bf393fe","documentId":"open-science-source-41","id":"c174","text":"Some data from strategic wet lab experiments is currently discarded, but could be collected and stored if stable funding were available.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"wet lab experiment data","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"For example, some data from strategic wet lab experiments is currently discarded, but could be collected and stored, if stable funding was available.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-41/c175","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/fea2ba4d5e9645da","nativeRecordCid":"8d651d0a-5c4f-4387-9b4e-8291294b9ffd","documentId":"open-science-source-41","id":"c175","text":"Data curation could be better incentivised.","kind":"normative","modality":"may","actor":"","subject":"data curation incentives","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Data curation could also be better incentivised.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-41/c176","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/4ae227854aa34e6e","nativeRecordCid":"80bf6751-02eb-42a9-8c43-e98f2a942195","documentId":"open-science-source-41","id":"c176","text":"Journals require the deposition of protein structures as a precondition for publication.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"journal deposition requirements","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Our [AlphaFold](https://deepmind.google/science/alphafold/) models were trained on data from the [Protein Data Bank](https://www.wwpdb.org/about/faq) that was particularly high quality because journals require the deposition of protein structures as a precondition for publication, and the PDB’s professional data curators developed standards for this data.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-41/c177","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/637aec6709c14063","nativeRecordCid":"ef0ae149-b787-44f6-8f2a-74eaf38c76a5","documentId":"open-science-source-41","id":"c177","text":"The Protein Data Bank's professional data curators developed standards for protein structure data.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"Protein Data Bank curators","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Our [AlphaFold](https://deepmind.google/science/alphafold/) models were trained on data from the [Protein Data Bank](https://www.wwpdb.org/about/faq) that was particularly high quality because journals require the deposition of protein structures as a precondition for publication, and the PDB’s professional data curators developed standards for this data.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-41/c178","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/300a84ef36834277","nativeRecordCid":"26a64571-6046-4c0b-8d13-acccfeff79dd","documentId":"open-science-source-41","id":"c178","text":"In genomics, many researchers are obliged to deposit raw sequencing data in the Sequence Read Archive.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"genomics data deposition","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"In genomics, many researchers are also obliged to deposit raw sequencing data in the [Sequence Read Archive](https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/sra/docs/) but inconsistent standards mean that individual datasets often still need to be reprocessed and combined.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-41/c179","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/eff34a1af5824dfc","nativeRecordCid":"9c8e23dc-98ed-4acc-b4ab-b75ccf0fffeb","documentId":"open-science-source-41","id":"c179","text":"Inconsistent standards mean that individual genomic datasets often still need to be reprocessed and combined.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"genomic dataset standards","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"In genomics, many researchers are also obliged to deposit raw sequencing data in the [Sequence Read Archive](https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/sra/docs/) but inconsistent standards mean that individual datasets often still need to be reprocessed and combined.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-41/c180","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/1aab1738bf15443c","nativeRecordCid":"c53a9aa6-e4e8-480a-9336-25c9bab8667b","documentId":"open-science-source-41","id":"c180","text":"Some high-quality datasets go unused because of restrictive licensing conditions.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"unused datasets, licensing","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Some other high-quality datasets go unused altogether, because of restrictive licensing conditions, such as in biodiversity, or because the datasets are not released, such as decades of data from publicly-funded fusion experiments.","representedInStars":false}
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{"key":"open-science-source-41/c206","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/6138c999f87447c8","nativeRecordCid":"6802dd0e-6632-4cec-b300-c1325aa18743","documentId":"open-science-source-41","id":"c206","text":"Incentives such as grant funding often evaluate practitioners predominantly on their core expertise.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"grant funding incentives","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"This challenge reflects the growing specialisation of scientific knowledge, as well as [incentives](https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0048733322000774) such as grant funding, that often evaluate practitioners predominantly on their core expertise.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-41/c207","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/2d1b7139c2ca447f","nativeRecordCid":"65004973-3032-4bb0-bc69-04eaf2e57181","documentId":"open-science-source-41","id":"c207","text":"AI for Science efforts are often multidisciplinary by default.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"AI for Science efforts","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"AI for Science efforts are often multidisciplinary by default, but to succeed, they need to become genuinely interdisciplinary.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-41/c208","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/bc7797fa7ce14a71","nativeRecordCid":"9cb2ee4b-9de9-406a-97b4-bb1370883808","documentId":"open-science-source-41","id":"c208","text":"AI for Science efforts need to become genuinely interdisciplinary in order to succeed.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"AI for Science efforts","subject":"AI for Science efforts","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"AI for Science efforts are often multidisciplinary by default, but to succeed, they need to become genuinely interdisciplinary.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-41/c209","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/bd6b80ab0e144303","nativeRecordCid":"a2641b1d-15bc-4fd7-87c0-9f8d1622ebf9","documentId":"open-science-source-41","id":"c209","text":"To achieve genuine interdisciplinarity, a team should pick a problem that requires each type of expertise involved.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"AI for Science teams","subject":"interdisciplinary team formation","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"A starting point is to pick a problem that requires each type of expertise, and then provide enough time and focus to cultivate a team dynamic around it.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-41/c210","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/7075655334c8491a","nativeRecordCid":"2cf19b16-2c5b-4eca-a5be-26c2f388b984","documentId":"open-science-source-41","id":"c210","text":"To achieve genuine interdisciplinarity, a team should be given enough time and focus to cultivate a team dynamic around the problem.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"AI for Science teams","subject":"interdisciplinary team formation","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"A starting point is to pick a problem that requires each type of expertise, and then provide enough time and focus to cultivate a team dynamic around it.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-41/c211","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/e3bec0cfb8bc4f4f","nativeRecordCid":"4815a425-373e-41e0-a1af-67924c3ccb42","documentId":"open-science-source-41","id":"c211","text":"Cultivating genuine interdisciplinary team dynamics requires the right incentives.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"","subject":"interdisciplinary team dynamics","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Cultivating these team dynamics requires the right incentives.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-41/c212","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/520ca36a3abe4f96","nativeRecordCid":"2281d1c8-a114-42a3-a6ba-40ec858f5302","documentId":"open-science-source-41","id":"c212","text":"Focusing a small, tight-knit team on solving a problem, rather than on authorship of papers, can be easier to achieve in industry labs.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"team focus on problem-solving","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"This type of focus can be easier to achieve in industry labs, but again highlights the importance of longer-term public research funding that is less tied to publication pressures.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-41/c213","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/50a3dfb7c8694bb6","nativeRecordCid":"d8e82bac-9460-4743-9a91-53ad1e87aec3","documentId":"open-science-source-41","id":"c213","text":"Longer-term public research funding that is less tied to publication pressures is important for achieving team focus on solving problems rather than authorship.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"public research funding","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"This type of focus can be easier to achieve in industry labs, but again highlights the importance of longer-term public research funding that is less tied to publication pressures.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-41/c214","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/b7114b51d2d1482b","nativeRecordCid":"1b7ca096-3f02-429f-8302-6267dd157f56","documentId":"open-science-source-41","id":"c214","text":"To achieve genuine interdisciplinarity, organisations need to create roles and career paths for individuals who can help blend disciplines.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"organisations","subject":"roles and career paths for blending disciplines","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"To achieve genuine interdisciplinarity, organisations also need to create roles and career paths for individuals who can help blend disciplines.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-41/c215","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/bc157e682a2847af","nativeRecordCid":"55fcee79-3d07-4486-be28-1772ff89c2cb","documentId":"open-science-source-41","id":"c215","text":"An organisation's culture should encourage curiosity among practitioners.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"","subject":"organisational culture","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Ultimately, the goal is to create a culture that encourages curiosity, humility and what the economic historian Joel Mokyr has referred to as ‘[contestability](https://www.jstor.org/stable/j.ctt1wf4dft#:~:text=In%20this%20groundbreaking%20book%2C%20one,bring%20about%20explosive%20technological%20and)’ - where practitioners of all backgrounds feel empowered to present and constructively critique each other’s work in open talks and discussion threads.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-41/c216","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/319a290397e240a5","nativeRecordCid":"806df227-10f2-4563-a1c2-299d3e9be2f2","documentId":"open-science-source-41","id":"c216","text":"An organisation's culture should encourage humility among practitioners.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"","subject":"organisational culture","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Ultimately, the goal is to create a culture that encourages curiosity, humility and what the economic historian Joel Mokyr has referred to as ‘[contestability](https://www.jstor.org/stable/j.ctt1wf4dft#:~:text=In%20this%20groundbreaking%20book%2C%20one,bring%20about%20explosive%20technological%20and)’ - where practitioners of all backgrounds feel empowered to present and constructively critique each other’s work in open talks and discussion threads.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-41/c217","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/98397c50b2524b3d","nativeRecordCid":"433a27df-ce31-496f-a2dd-da5a1cd1d3b5","documentId":"open-science-source-41","id":"c217","text":"An organisation's culture should encourage contestability, where practitioners of all backgrounds feel empowered to present and constructively critique each other's work in open talks and discussion threads.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"","subject":"organisational culture","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Ultimately, the goal is to create a culture that encourages curiosity, humility and what the economic historian Joel Mokyr has referred to as ‘[contestability](https://www.jstor.org/stable/j.ctt1wf4dft#:~:text=In%20this%20groundbreaking%20book%2C%20one,bring%20about%20explosive%20technological%20and)’ - where practitioners of all backgrounds feel empowered to present and constructively critique each other’s work in open talks and discussion threads.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-41/c218","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/29a8e3f726ca47f0","nativeRecordCid":"2287314b-cdea-477b-84ca-b2f07f49436d","documentId":"open-science-source-41","id":"c218","text":"Many AI for Science models are specialised in the sense that they perform a small number of tasks.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"AI for Science models","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Many AI for Science models, such as AlphaFold or our weather forecasting work, are *specialised* in the sense that they perform a small number of tasks.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-41/c219","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/7421a6a9809e4a4e","nativeRecordCid":"394968a4-fe6e-4e0e-8567-302fbe05b2a1","documentId":"open-science-source-41","id":"c219","text":"AI for Science models are also general in the sense that a large number of scientists use them for a wide range of purposes.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"AI for Science models","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"But they are also *general* in the sense that [a large number of scientists are using them](https://deepmind.google/technologies/alphafold/impact-stories/), for everything from understanding diseases to improving fishing programmes.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-41/c220","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/be382f76a24048b8","nativeRecordCid":"c011c82f-75bc-4270-adca-3d5be5086a58","documentId":"open-science-source-41","id":"c220","text":"The real-world impact of AI for Science models is far from guaranteed.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"AI for Science models' impact","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"This impact is [far from guaranteed](https://royalsocietypublishing.org/doi/full/10.1098/rsos.231130).","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-41/c221","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/968764f58d094abc","nativeRecordCid":"242d03ea-aab6-4bbd-83f8-898a47f9f4ab","documentId":"open-science-source-41","id":"c221","text":"Downstream products that scientific breakthroughs could enable often lack the right market incentives.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"downstream products of scientific breakthroughs","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"while the downstream products that scientific breakthroughs could enable, such as [novel antibiotics](https://wellcome.org/news/its-time-fix-antibiotic-market), often lack the right market incentives.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-41/c222","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/aa5b991ae92d4091","nativeRecordCid":"28065c10-5000-463a-a114-de2515c3e9b9","documentId":"open-science-source-41","id":"c222","text":"To encourage scientists to use a new model or dataset, developers need to make it as easy as possible for scientists to use and integrate into their workflows.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"developers","subject":"AI models and datasets for scientists","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"To encourage scientists who could benefit from a new model or dataset to use it, [developers need to make it](https://academic.oup.com/bioinformaticsadvances/article/3/1/vbad184/7497015) as easy as possible for scientists to use and integrate into their workflows.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-41/c223","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/db5b6003405e42a1","nativeRecordCid":"d3cd8559-2b0a-4026-9532-d718ed484850","documentId":"open-science-source-41","id":"c223","text":"There is a diversity of needs among the scientific community for AI tools.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"scientific community's needs for AI tools","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The scientific community has also developed their own AlphaFold tools, such as [ColabFold](https://www.nature.com/articles/s41592-022-01488-1), demonstrating the diversity of needs that exist, as well as the value of nurturing computational skills in the scientific community to address these needs.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-41/c224","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/35c28043a1ae4fda","nativeRecordCid":"6e43b095-569c-4361-b5bf-0893e90ef610","documentId":"open-science-source-41","id":"c224","text":"Nurturing computational skills in the scientific community is valuable for addressing the community's diverse needs for AI tools.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"computational skills in the scientific community","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The scientific community has also developed their own AlphaFold tools, such as [ColabFold](https://www.nature.com/articles/s41592-022-01488-1), demonstrating the diversity of needs that exist, as well as the value of nurturing computational skills in the scientific community to address these needs.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-41/c225","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/4cd764717a3b4f9c","nativeRecordCid":"121d8a25-38a1-4025-986a-9f46361a46c0","documentId":"open-science-source-41","id":"c225","text":"Scientists need to trust an AI model in order to use it.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"scientists","subject":"trust in AI models","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Scientists also need to trust an AI model in order to use it.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-41/c226","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/8d776402c0e740c7","nativeRecordCid":"52d8db61-9be5-4dcb-847f-0c4fe4806096","documentId":"open-science-source-41","id":"c226","text":"A useful starting point for AI developers is to proactively signal how scientists should use a model, as well as its uncertainties.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"AI developers","subject":"signalling model use and uncertainties","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"We expand on the reliability question below, but a useful starting point is to proactively signal how scientists should use a model, as well as its uncertainties.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-41/c227","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/55b3624af8bc42e0","nativeRecordCid":"74693da2-eb57-46b7-87b2-71574e1f772d","documentId":"open-science-source-41","id":"c227","text":"AI for Science efforts require partnership, both formal and informal, between public and private organisations.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"","subject":"AI for Science partnerships","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"AI for Science efforts require a diversity of expertise that creates a strong need for partnership - both formal and informal - between public and private organisations.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-41/c228","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/0b31f575689b417d","nativeRecordCid":"9b4ef46a-81cb-4e1c-bfd5-2c4b0f01af44","documentId":"open-science-source-41","id":"c228","text":"Partnerships between public and private organisations are needed throughout the AI for Science project lifecycle, from creating datasets to sharing the research.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"","subject":"AI for Science partnerships","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"These partnerships are needed throughout the project lifecycle, from creating datasets to sharing the research.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-41/c229","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/b2c7621056ce4d43","nativeRecordCid":"de5468fe-a050-4162-bcf8-3db4984a9321","documentId":"open-science-source-41","id":"c229","text":"AI labs need scientists to help evaluate an AI model's outputs.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"AI labs","subject":"evaluation of AI model outputs","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"In particular, AI labs often need scientists to help evaluate an AI model’s outputs.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-41/c230","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/50147633912045c1","nativeRecordCid":"f30de1ec-8ddc-4215-97fb-4142e25567c7","documentId":"open-science-source-41","id":"c230","text":"Industry labs play a central role in advancing AI capabilities.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"industry labs","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Given the central role played by industry labs in advancing AI capabilities, and the need for rich domain expertise, these public private partnerships will likely become increasingly important to advancing the AI for Science frontier and may require greater investment, such as more funding to support partnerships teams in universities and public research institutions.","representedInStars":false}
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{"key":"open-science-source-41/c232","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/f61b77fc7381437f","nativeRecordCid":"f6174162-9ab6-4cb6-8751-8f5dfac6c137","documentId":"open-science-source-41","id":"c232","text":"Public-private partnerships will likely become increasingly important to advancing the AI for Science frontier.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"public-private partnerships","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Given the central role played by industry labs in advancing AI capabilities, and the need for rich domain expertise, these public private partnerships will likely become increasingly important to advancing the AI for Science frontier and may require greater investment, such as more funding to support partnerships teams in universities and public research institutions.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-41/c233","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/1ee1c5a8bb874847","nativeRecordCid":"9fc24498-c956-4548-ad72-6493b4fcceec","documentId":"open-science-source-41","id":"c233","text":"Public-private partnerships may require greater investment, such as more funding to support partnerships teams in universities and public research institutions.","kind":"normative","modality":"may","actor":"","subject":"public-private partnerships","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Given the central role played by industry labs in advancing AI capabilities, and the need for rich domain expertise, these public private partnerships will likely become increasingly important to advancing the AI for Science frontier and may require greater investment, such as more funding to support partnerships teams in universities and public research institutions.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-41/c234","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/e2bedffa325a429c","nativeRecordCid":"b38c3016-f8d5-4cbc-9341-90594597ee96","documentId":"open-science-source-41","id":"c234","text":"Developing partnerships is difficult.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"AI for Science partnerships","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Developing partnerships is difficult.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-41/c235","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/4418f1be3e1b4f4d","nativeRecordCid":"b15e2586-842b-479b-b4aa-4fcc26c84f2a","documentId":"open-science-source-41","id":"c235","text":"When starting discussions on a partnership, parties should align early on the overall goal.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"partnership parties","subject":"partnership discussions","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"When starting discussions, it is important to align early on the overall goal and address potentially thorny questions, such as what rights each party should have over the outputs, whether there should be a publication, whether the model or dataset should be open sourced, and what type of licensing should apply.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-41/c236","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/a75fe8b457fc4da1","nativeRecordCid":"172790a3-8dfb-43c6-b6a5-baa55602e699","documentId":"open-science-source-41","id":"c236","text":"When starting discussions on a partnership, parties should address potentially thorny questions, such as what rights each party should have over the outputs, whether there should be a publication, whether the model or dataset should be open sourced, and what type of licensing should apply.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"partnership parties","subject":"partnership discussions","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"When starting discussions, it is important to align early on the overall goal and address potentially thorny questions, such as what rights each party should have over the outputs, whether there should be a publication, whether the model or dataset should be open sourced, and what type of licensing should apply.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-41/c237","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/350c6088814f40e4","nativeRecordCid":"0a1bee76-411b-4200-9ead-7fe9c10932c5","documentId":"open-science-source-41","id":"c237","text":"Differences of opinion in partnerships are natural.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"partnership disagreements","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Differences of opinion are natural and often reflect the incentives facing public and private organisations, which in turn vary greatly, depending on factors such as the maturity of the research or its commercial potential.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-41/c238","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/f397917fa96848a9","nativeRecordCid":"c0a47a62-77ce-495e-94ad-a6d7fa54aa99","documentId":"open-science-source-41","id":"c238","text":"Differences of opinion in partnerships often reflect the incentives facing public and private organisations.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"partnership disagreements","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Differences of opinion are natural and often reflect the incentives facing public and private organisations, which in turn vary greatly, depending on factors such as the maturity of the research or its commercial potential.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-41/c239","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/ef75764b061643a8","nativeRecordCid":"dc7a8462-de37-442e-a761-41318fac201f","documentId":"open-science-source-41","id":"c239","text":"The incentives facing public and private organisations vary greatly, depending on factors such as the maturity of the research or its commercial potential.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"incentives of public and private organisations","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Differences of opinion are natural and often reflect the incentives facing public and private organisations, which in turn vary greatly, depending on factors such as the maturity of the research or its commercial potential.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-41/c240","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/68174db0f7d44d53","nativeRecordCid":"bbcceea5-fc8e-47e2-b968-88853bec8856","documentId":"open-science-source-41","id":"c240","text":"The most successful partnerships involve a clear value-exchange that draws on the strengths of each organisation.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"successful partnerships","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The most successful partnerships involve a clear value-exchange that draws on the strengths of each organisation.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-41/c241","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/1e3c3e4c4a5f4fee","nativeRecordCid":"8e809800-7c1e-4b9e-9d6b-82d46df6361f","documentId":"open-science-source-41","id":"c241","text":"Scientists often disagree, sometimes strongly, about the potential benefits and risks that AI models may have on science and on wider society.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"scientists' views on AI benefits and risks","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Scientists often disagree, sometimes strongly, about the potential benefits and risks that AI models may have on science, and on wider society.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-41/c242","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/c75ae164bd744b64","nativeRecordCid":"1390e810-edc3-4f53-974c-ece34efaffca","documentId":"open-science-source-41","id":"c242","text":"Conducting an ethics and safety assessment can help to frame the discussion about an AI model's potential benefits and risks.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"ethics and safety assessments","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Conducting an ethics and safety assessment can help to frame the discussion and enable scientists to decide whether, and how, to develop a given AI model.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-41/c243","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/68f91d7126a34908","nativeRecordCid":"eaf5d0d9-5073-49a4-8f22-592796ce6e1b","documentId":"open-science-source-41","id":"c243","text":"Conducting an ethics and safety assessment can enable scientists to decide whether, and how, to develop a given AI model.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"ethics and safety assessments","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Conducting an ethics and safety assessment can help to frame the discussion and enable scientists to decide whether, and how, to develop a given AI model.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-41/c244","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/3c640280c8ec4722","nativeRecordCid":"20cefb59-cef3-42b6-8f3a-ae20175b47e2","documentId":"open-science-source-41","id":"c244","text":"Those conducting an ethics and safety assessment should identify the most important domains of impact.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"those conducting an ethics and safety assessment","subject":"ethics and safety assessments","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"A starting point is to identify the most important domains of impact, and to specify these domains at the right level of abstraction.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-41/c245","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/1a8352a204e745bc","nativeRecordCid":"e2bee3ec-d1b1-45df-9d26-8e4bddaa502f","documentId":"open-science-source-41","id":"c245","text":"Those conducting an ethics and safety assessment should specify the identified domains of impact at the right level of abstraction.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"those conducting an ethics and safety assessment","subject":"ethics and safety assessments","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"A starting point is to identify the most important domains of impact, and to specify these domains at the right level of abstraction.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-41/c246","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/ee23150ddb5343d2","nativeRecordCid":"b694ed8b-c513-4672-9731-0e8874526a55","documentId":"open-science-source-41","id":"c246","text":"There are increasingly sophisticated frameworks to identify and categorise different AI risks.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"AI risk frameworks","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"There are increasingly sophisticated frameworks to [identify and categorise different AI risks](https://cdn.prod.website-files.com/669550d38372f33552d2516e/66bc918b580467717e194940_The%20AI%20Risk%20Repository_13_8_2024.pdf), such as enabling mis- and disinformation.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-41/c247","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/5c709605234a432a","nativeRecordCid":"e917733a-3b46-429d-8b45-2c2293b6d92d","documentId":"open-science-source-41","id":"c247","text":"AI risk frameworks rarely consider the potential benefits of AI in the same domain as the risk.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"AI risk frameworks","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"But these frameworks rarely consider the potential benefits of AI in the same domain, such as improving access to high-quality information synthesis, or the trade-offs that can occur, for example if you restrict access to an AI model or limit its capabilities.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-41/c248","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/11727a839f0847ed","nativeRecordCid":"330e6b56-e9cb-43f9-a769-a8663e7d1389","documentId":"open-science-source-41","id":"c248","text":"AI risk frameworks rarely consider the trade-offs that can occur, for example if access to an AI model is restricted or its capabilities are limited.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"AI risk frameworks","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"But these frameworks rarely consider the potential benefits of AI in the same domain, such as improving access to high-quality information synthesis, or the trade-offs that can occur, for example if you restrict access to an AI model or limit its capabilities.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-41/c249","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/a1aebed50fa1432f","nativeRecordCid":"a810cd6e-725b-4a05-a4d9-282de3661046","documentId":"open-science-source-41","id":"c249","text":"Ethics and safety assessments should clarify their timescales.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"","subject":"ethics and safety assessments","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Assessments should also clarify their timescales, the relative certainty of any impact, and the relative importance, or *additionality,* of AI, to achieving it.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-41/c250","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/d72c402d0f524225","nativeRecordCid":"3adb0f3b-144f-4502-8795-1a0162b22872","documentId":"open-science-source-41","id":"c250","text":"Ethics and safety assessments should clarify the relative certainty of any impact.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"","subject":"ethics and safety assessments","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Assessments should also clarify their timescales, the relative certainty of any impact, and the relative importance, or *additionality,* of AI, to achieving it.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-41/c251","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/1f2ce88f8fef465d","nativeRecordCid":"0c0f67fc-0133-49eb-b9e1-511e0dd4deb4","documentId":"open-science-source-41","id":"c251","text":"Ethics and safety assessments should clarify the relative importance, or additionality, of AI to achieving the impact.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"","subject":"ethics and safety assessments","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Assessments should also clarify their timescales, the relative certainty of any impact, and the relative importance, or *additionality,* of AI, to achieving it.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-41/c252","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/a3ff768593d245b0","nativeRecordCid":"8b4c3826-7e5b-433d-9e12-9b43d3e46d52","documentId":"open-science-source-41","id":"c252","text":"In carrying out an ethics and safety assessment, AI practitioners should avoid over-indexing on a model's capabilities.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"AI practitioners","subject":"ethics and safety assessments","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"In carrying out their assessment, AI practitioners should also avoid over-indexing on the model’s capabilities, which they will be closer to, and better understand the extent to which third parties will actually use it or be affected by it, which typically requires input from external experts to do well.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-41/c253","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/f8788d77804c4059","nativeRecordCid":"64126250-e4c1-4aa9-be99-5b33ba08f1f9","documentId":"open-science-source-41","id":"c253","text":"In carrying out an ethics and safety assessment, AI practitioners should better understand the extent to which third parties will actually use a model or be affected by it.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"AI practitioners","subject":"ethics and safety assessments","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"In carrying out their assessment, AI practitioners should also avoid over-indexing on the model’s capabilities, which they will be closer to, and better understand the extent to which third parties will actually use it or be affected by it, which typically requires input from external experts to do well.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-41/c254","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/d9eaaf61ee9f44be","nativeRecordCid":"8629061b-3a1c-46b7-9682-9c9b99d433ac","documentId":"open-science-source-41","id":"c254","text":"Understanding the extent to which third parties will use an AI model or be affected by it typically requires input from external experts.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"","subject":"understanding third-party AI use and effects","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"In carrying out their assessment, AI practitioners should also avoid over-indexing on the model’s capabilities, which they will be closer to, and better understand the extent to which third parties will actually use it or be affected by it, which typically requires input from external experts to do well.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-41/c255","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/d552a647ce0d40b3","nativeRecordCid":"5f0fb5ce-a9f4-40c6-9a11-b9fa6f528faa","documentId":"open-science-source-41","id":"c255","text":"Practitioners need new methods to better evaluate the potential risks and benefits of using AI in science.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"practitioners","subject":"evaluation methods for AI in science","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Practitioners also need new methods to better evaluate the potential risks and benefits of using AI in science*.*","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-41/c256","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/633e27a10f5a4fe2","nativeRecordCid":"43dc99d5-2878-4003-a0a7-c722fd6c7e46","documentId":"open-science-source-41","id":"c256","text":"Many AI safety evaluations rely on specifying the types of content that a model should not output.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"AI safety evaluations","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"At present, many AI safety evaluations rely on specifying the types of content that a model should not output, and quantifying the extent to which the model adheres to this policy.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-41/c257","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/d6ccc7e7f7484bde","nativeRecordCid":"39e7dc7b-ca4f-4cf7-b58c-1c7878ac6de1","documentId":"open-science-source-41","id":"c257","text":"Many AI safety evaluations rely on quantifying the extent to which the model adheres to the specified content policy.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"AI safety evaluations","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"At present, many AI safety evaluations rely on specifying the types of content that a model should not output, and quantifying the extent to which the model adheres to this policy.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-41/c258","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/d3cdfd474f0d4dab","nativeRecordCid":"a66579cd-027a-41e2-a475-8addcd6e12a1","documentId":"open-science-source-41","id":"c258","text":"These content-based safety evaluations are useful for certain risks posed by using AI in science, such as generating inaccurate content.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"content-based AI safety evaluations","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"These evaluations are useful for certain risks posed by using AI in science, such as generating inaccurate content.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-41/c259","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/c0acad47d6204323","nativeRecordCid":"71e5103b-983d-4265-9d08-e5f88b6a10ec","documentId":"open-science-source-41","id":"c259","text":"Scientific knowledge has a dual-use nature.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"scientific knowledge","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"But for other risks, such as to biosecurity, the idea that we can reliably specify certain types of scientific knowledge as dangerous in advance has been [challenged](https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10733751/#:~:text=Taxonomic%20lists%20of%20pathogens%20have,tool%20to%20control%20these%20functions.), because of the dual-use nature of scientific knowledge, but also because such efforts tend to focus on what has caused harm historically, such as viruses from past outbreaks, rather than novel risks.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-41/c260","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/2ca3134e67464830","nativeRecordCid":"7cd2134c-7017-490f-81cd-d1e4b068e8f1","documentId":"open-science-source-41","id":"c260","text":"Efforts to specify certain types of scientific knowledge as dangerous in advance tend to focus on what has caused harm historically, such as viruses from past outbreaks, rather than novel risks.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"efforts to specify dangerous scientific knowledge","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"But for other risks, such as to biosecurity, the idea that we can reliably specify certain types of scientific knowledge as dangerous in advance has been [challenged](https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10733751/#:~:text=Taxonomic%20lists%20of%20pathogens%20have,tool%20to%20control%20these%20functions.), because of the dual-use nature of scientific knowledge, but also because such efforts tend to focus on what has caused harm historically, such as viruses from past outbreaks, rather than novel risks.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-41/c261","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/0bd1dfb9765c452f","nativeRecordCid":"954d9095-8855-41d5-8470-d7180faceb1c","documentId":"open-science-source-41","id":"c261","text":"A better approach to evaluating biosecurity-type risks may be to evaluate the dangerous capabilities of AI models, or the degree to which AI models provide an uplift to humans' dangerous capabilities.","kind":"normative","modality":"may","actor":"","subject":"evaluation of AI biosecurity risk","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"A better approach may be to evaluate the [dangerous capabilities](https://arxiv.org/abs/2403.13793) of AI models, or the degree to which AI models provide an uplift to humans’ dangerous capabilities.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-41/c262","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/c9ad77c70e154737","nativeRecordCid":"3b5df585-ac9c-4e2e-bb2a-909fe162cf35","documentId":"open-science-source-41","id":"c262","text":"In many cases, AI capabilities relevant to dangerous-capability evaluation are also dual-use, such as the ability to help design or execute experimental protocols.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"dual-use AI capabilities","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"In many cases, these capabilities will also be dual-use, such as the ability to help design or execute experimental protocols.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-41/c263","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/ff6d1ce1c62c4d80","nativeRecordCid":"77d9f393-e288-4c90-8455-f1dca9622634","documentId":"open-science-source-41","id":"c263","text":"The degree to which AI capabilities point to a risk or an opportunity depends on how potential threat actors are assessed and how access to the model is governed.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"AI capabilities as risk or opportunity","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The degree to which these AI capabilities point to a risk, or an opportunity, will depend on how potential threat actors are assessed and how access to the model is governed.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-41/c264","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/ffa6d81c16c642c1","nativeRecordCid":"7d8190d8-177f-4ccd-a9f1-fbda3c183980","documentId":"open-science-source-41","id":"c264","text":"Evaluating risks from using AI in science beyond safety, such as to scientific creativity or reliability, requires entirely new evaluation methods.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"","subject":"evaluation of non-safety AI risks","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Beyond safety, evaluating other risks from using AI in science, such as to scientific creativity or reliability (which we discuss below), will require entirely new evaluation methods.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-41/c265","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/8011e0561c30465a","nativeRecordCid":"58d06ef5-8769-45d2-9d16-da3aaf17dc44","documentId":"open-science-source-41","id":"c265","text":"Researching and executing evaluations of AI's risks and benefits in science is difficult.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"evaluations of AI risks and benefits","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Given the difficulty of researching and executing such evaluations, it makes sense to pursue them at the community-level, rather than each lab pursuing siloed efforts.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-41/c266","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/65b34ea1c485417b","nativeRecordCid":"aedbbf96-f1cf-4842-9b36-d3c45ffad2e9","documentId":"open-science-source-41","id":"c266","text":"Evaluations of AI's risks and benefits in science should be pursued at the community level rather than each lab pursuing siloed efforts.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"","subject":"evaluations of AI risks and benefits","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Given the difficulty of researching and executing such evaluations, it makes sense to pursue them at the community-level, rather than each lab pursuing siloed efforts.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-41/c267","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/c5d8935e3ca34767","nativeRecordCid":"0247cde3-45cc-49aa-b0b2-95995297596d","documentId":"open-science-source-41","id":"c267","text":"Risks to scientific creativity, reliability, and understanding mainly relate to how science is practised.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"risks of AI in science","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Three of these risks - to scientific creativity, reliability, and understanding - mainly relate to how science is practised.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-41/c268","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/50c59e38243d4400","nativeRecordCid":"4d0926c0-adf2-4fd1-9c04-430edcc29b8d","documentId":"open-science-source-41","id":"c268","text":"Risks to equity and the environment mainly relate to how science represents and affects wider society.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"risks of AI in science","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Two other risks - to equity and the environment - mainly relate to how science represents and affects wider society.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-41/c269","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/2a81079cff0e4ea3","nativeRecordCid":"736c4ac9-8a8c-4fac-8d63-f81f36f41d55","documentId":"open-science-source-41","id":"c269","text":"The use of AI is often presented exclusively as a risk to the domains of scientific creativity, reliability, understanding, equity, and the environment.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"public framing of AI risk","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The use of AI is often presented exclusively as a risk to these domains, and the domains, such as scientific reliability, or the environment, are often portrayed in stable, somewhat idealised terms, that can overlook the wider challenges that they face.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-41/c270","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/c916d09463c14ea8","nativeRecordCid":"354d006d-9390-4e0e-8fe1-03709446ef25","documentId":"open-science-source-41","id":"c270","text":"These risk domains, such as scientific reliability or the environment, are often portrayed in stable, somewhat idealised terms that can overlook the wider challenges they face.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"framing of risk domains","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The use of AI is often presented exclusively as a risk to these domains, and the domains, such as scientific reliability, or the environment, are often portrayed in stable, somewhat idealised terms, that can overlook the wider challenges that they face.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-41/c271","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/d8718441fb994006","nativeRecordCid":"52929be6-2b0b-4966-bbc0-d221bbeeac94","documentId":"open-science-source-41","id":"c271","text":"Using AI in science will ultimately benefit each of the five risk domains (creativity, reliability, understanding, equity, and environment).","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"AI's effect on the five risk domains","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"We believe that using AI in science will ultimately benefit each of these five domains, because there are opportunities to mitigate the risks that AI poses, and to use AI to help address wider challenges in these areas, in some cases profoundly.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-41/c272","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/8f1f84a7fbae4747","nativeRecordCid":"7b323b13-5fde-4505-ba7b-b88103e19b4e","documentId":"open-science-source-41","id":"c272","text":"There are opportunities to mitigate the risks that AI poses to the five risk domains.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"mitigation of AI risks","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"We believe that using AI in science will ultimately benefit each of these five domains, because there are opportunities to mitigate the risks that AI poses, and to use AI to help address wider challenges in these areas, in some cases profoundly.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-41/c273","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/2de4e2c1e404475d","nativeRecordCid":"574338b1-c6a0-43b3-abbe-8d22aabf1bd6","documentId":"open-science-source-41","id":"c273","text":"There are opportunities to use AI to help address wider challenges in the five risk domains.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"AI addressing wider challenges","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"We believe that using AI in science will ultimately benefit each of these five domains, because there are opportunities to mitigate the risks that AI poses, and to use AI to help address wider challenges in these areas, in some cases profoundly.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-41/c274","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/22637a4aa8ac4b0d","nativeRecordCid":"4e7105e0-e66c-4446-a431-88c3cacea269","documentId":"open-science-source-41","id":"c274","text":"Achieving a beneficial outcome from using AI in science will likely be harder for inequity than for the other risk domains.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"beneficial outcomes for inequity","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Achieving a beneficial outcome will likely be harder for inequity, which is ingrained into AI and science at multiple levels, from the make-up of the workforce to the data underpinning research, and for scientific creativity, which is highly subjective and so individuals may reasonably disagree about whether a certain outcome is positive.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-41/c275","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/acb9a6efd5d64497","nativeRecordCid":"f99d97bf-00d3-4656-b73e-9ebd8acb403b","documentId":"open-science-source-41","id":"c275","text":"Inequity is ingrained into AI and science at multiple levels, from the make-up of the workforce to the data underpinning research.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"inequity in AI and science","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Achieving a beneficial outcome will likely be harder for inequity, which is ingrained into AI and science at multiple levels, from the make-up of the workforce to the data underpinning research, and for scientific creativity, which is highly subjective and so individuals may reasonably disagree about whether a certain outcome is positive.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-41/c276","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/20883dd68ae346b9","nativeRecordCid":"a566864c-050a-4016-9734-0428cc3aed9e","documentId":"open-science-source-41","id":"c276","text":"Achieving a beneficial outcome from using AI in science will likely be harder for scientific creativity than for the other risk domains.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"beneficial outcomes for scientific creativity","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Achieving a beneficial outcome will likely be harder for inequity, which is ingrained into AI and science at multiple levels, from the make-up of the workforce to the data underpinning research, and for scientific creativity, which is highly subjective and so individuals may reasonably disagree about whether a certain outcome is positive.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-41/c277","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/60b57b24c1c0484e","nativeRecordCid":"9327de7d-d265-432d-8993-76756e6a2186","documentId":"open-science-source-41","id":"c277","text":"Scientific creativity is highly subjective, so individuals may reasonably disagree about whether a certain outcome is positive.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"scientific creativity","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Achieving a beneficial outcome will likely be harder for inequity, which is ingrained into AI and science at multiple levels, from the make-up of the workforce to the data underpinning research, and for scientific creativity, which is highly subjective and so individuals may reasonably disagree about whether a certain outcome is positive.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-41/c278","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/458e990406494393","nativeRecordCid":"0a67c363-f8dd-40d6-b091-f98d17104fa3","documentId":"open-science-source-41","id":"c278","text":"It is valuable for scientists, policymakers, and others to articulate their expectations for how using AI in science will affect each of the five risk domains.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"articulating expectations about AI's effects","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"These nuances increase the value of scientists, policymakers and others articulating their expectations for how using AI in science will affect each of these 5 areas.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-41/c279","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/b46370bbf27d4590","nativeRecordCid":"9593b131-02b7-4af4-aabb-d30cd0e2dfcc","documentId":"open-science-source-41","id":"c279","text":"Scientific creativity is the creation of something new that is useful.","kind":"definitional","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"scientific creativity","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Scientific creativity describes the creation of something new that is useful.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-41/c280","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/c253d69c5d6e4a62","nativeRecordCid":"0d66262c-8dd2-4d74-90b2-2a845e04bc6e","documentId":"open-science-source-41","id":"c280","text":"The extent to which a scientist views a new idea, method, or output as creative typically rests on subjective factors, such as its perceived simplicity, counterintuitiveness, or beauty.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"perceived scientific creativity","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"In practice, the extent to which a scientist views a new idea, method, or output as creative typically rests on more subjective factors, such as its perceived simplicity, counterintuitiveness, or beauty.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-41/c281","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/490abc9f81144d18","nativeRecordCid":"ddd8be37-dc67-4245-a411-fc97114c2dd5","documentId":"open-science-source-41","id":"c281","text":"Scientific creativity today is undermined by the relative homogeneity of the scientific workforce, which narrows the diversity of ideas.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"scientific creativity","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Today, scientific creativity is [undermined](https://royalsocietypublishing.org/doi/10.1098/rsos.230134) by the relative homogeneity of the scientific workforce, which narrows the diversity of ideas.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-41/c282","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/1a32fa946c0048bf","nativeRecordCid":"83e54fe0-6a5c-455a-9260-d04b93cee16e","documentId":"open-science-source-41","id":"c282","text":"The pressure on researchers to publish or perish incentivises crowd-following publications on less risky topics, rather than deep work or bridging of concepts across disciplines.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"publish or perish pressure","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The pressure on researchers to [‘publish or perish’](https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC3999612/) also incentivises [‘crowd-following’ publications on less risky topics](https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/abs/10.1177/0003122415601618), rather than the kind of deep work, or bridging of concepts across disciplines, that [often underpins](https://www.penguin.co.uk/books/182272/where-good-ideas-come-from-by-johnson-steven/9780141033402) creative breakthroughs.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-41/c283","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/23d1add5211b40ff","nativeRecordCid":"469ca107-a628-4575-b9c0-6dfce407ce51","documentId":"open-science-source-41","id":"c283","text":"Deep work and bridging of concepts across disciplines often underpin creative breakthroughs.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"creative breakthroughs","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The pressure on researchers to [‘publish or perish’](https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC3999612/) also incentivises [‘crowd-following’ publications on less risky topics](https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/abs/10.1177/0003122415601618), rather than the kind of deep work, or bridging of concepts across disciplines, that [often underpins](https://www.penguin.co.uk/books/182272/where-good-ideas-come-from-by-johnson-steven/9780141033402) creative breakthroughs.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-41/c284","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/70947533b49a40fd","nativeRecordCid":"e5cb77e5-7c0f-4609-a272-db3dcfdad107","documentId":"open-science-source-41","id":"c284","text":"The share of disruptive scientific ideas that cause a field to veer off into a new direction seems to be declining, beyond what would be normally expected as science expands.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"disruptive scientific ideas","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"This may explain why [the share](https://www.nature.com/articles/s41586-022-05543-x) of disruptive scientific ideas that cause a field to veer off into a new direction seems to be declining, beyond what may be normally expected, as science expands.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-41/c285","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/43d2c924629e4d5b","nativeRecordCid":"93e39a47-a874-4d9e-a04e-49d3bd5b5580","documentId":"open-science-source-41","id":"c285","text":"Maintaining support for exploratory research and non-AI research can help mitigate some of the risks that AI poses to scientific creativity.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"exploratory and non-AI research","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Maintaining support for exploratory research and non-AI research could help to mitigate some of these risks.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-41/c286","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/75c78cc9ccca413e","nativeRecordCid":"f420357e-56ad-4965-8f41-dc0a1fd25a0f","documentId":"open-science-source-41","id":"c286","text":"Scientists can tailor how they use AI so that it boosts rather than detracts from their own creativity.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"scientists' use of AI","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Scientists could also tailor how they use AI so that it boosts rather than detracts from their own creativity, for example [by fine-tuning LLMs to suggest more personalised research ideas](https://arxiv.org/html/2405.17044), or to help scientists better elicit their own ideas, similar to [our early efforts](https://blog.google/outreach-initiatives/education/google-learnlm-gemini-generative-ai/) to develop AI tutors that could help students to better reflect on a problem, rather than just outputting answers to questions.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-41/c287","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/361b239aed8c4380","nativeRecordCid":"0d402c8d-63cc-4371-848e-71acc127daa1","documentId":"open-science-source-41","id":"c287","text":"AI can enable new types of scientific creativity that may be unlikely to otherwise occur.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"AI and scientific creativity","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"AI [could also enable](https://ppforum.ca/policy-speaking/demis-hassabis-on-ai-at-a-pivotal-moment-in-human-history/) new types of scientific creativity that may be unlikely to otherwise occur.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-41/c288","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/02bbb681b6ab4dbc","nativeRecordCid":"d8737fa4-a775-424b-aebf-37410d01a375","documentId":"open-science-source-41","id":"c288","text":"Interpolation is a type of AI creativity in which AI systems identify novel ideas within their training data, particularly where humans' ability to do this is limited.","kind":"definitional","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"interpolation (AI creativity)","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"One type of AI creativity is *interpolation* where AI systems identify novel ideas within their training data, particularly where humans’ ability to do this is limited, such as efforts to use AI to [detect anomalies in massive datasets from Large Hadron Collider experiments](https://home.cern/news/news/physics/how-can-ai-help-physicists-search-new-particles).","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-41/c289","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/f99abf0a864d4f6d","nativeRecordCid":"5fe092fc-33e6-4b81-927a-6c8b2460cdb1","documentId":"open-science-source-41","id":"c289","text":"Extrapolation is a type of AI creativity in which AI models generalise to more novel solutions outside their training data.","kind":"definitional","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"extrapolation (AI creativity)","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"A second type is *extrapolation*, where AI models generalise to more novel solutions outside their training data, such as the famous [move 37](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/AlphaGo_versus_Lee_Sedol) that our [AlphaGo system](https://deepmind.google/technologies/alphago/) came up with, that stunned human Go experts, or the novel maths proofs and non-obvious constructions that our [AlphaProof and AlphaGeometry 2](https://deepmind.google/discover/blog/ai-solves-imo-problems-at-silver-medal-level/) systems produced.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-41/c290","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/a258937266a645c0","nativeRecordCid":"67b89031-8fe2-45ac-abc6-63b7169dbfeb","documentId":"open-science-source-41","id":"c290","text":"Invention is a type of AI creativity in which AI systems come up with an entirely new theory or scientific system, completely removed from their training data.","kind":"definitional","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"invention (AI creativity)","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"A third type is *invention,* where AI systems come up with an entirely new theory or scientific system, completely removed from its training data, akin to the original development of general relativity, or the creation of complex numbers.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-41/c291","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/b964b9568764445b","nativeRecordCid":"f418cb40-9f72-4a62-8524-e0d4c39d772d","documentId":"open-science-source-41","id":"c291","text":"AI systems do not currently demonstrate invention-type creativity.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"invention-type AI creativity","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"AI systems do not currently demonstrate such creativity, but new approaches could potentially unlock this, such as multi-agent systems that are optimised for different goals, like novelty and counterintuitiveness, or AI models that are trained to generate novel scientific problems in order to inspire novel solutions.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-41/c292","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/79ea43cf453847bd","nativeRecordCid":"29788652-3019-41d9-9bfc-bd6a4cab0262","documentId":"open-science-source-41","id":"c292","text":"New approaches could potentially unlock invention-type AI creativity, such as multi-agent systems optimised for different goals or AI models trained to generate novel scientific problems in order to inspire novel solutions.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"invention-type AI creativity","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"AI systems do not currently demonstrate such creativity, but new approaches could potentially unlock this, such as multi-agent systems that are optimised for different goals, like novelty and counterintuitiveness, or AI models that are trained to generate novel scientific problems in order to inspire novel solutions.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-41/c293","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/23579b52a4eb4caf","nativeRecordCid":"81cc73cb-102e-4264-ac38-4e875129f36e","documentId":"open-science-source-41","id":"c293","text":"Reliability is the ability of scientists to depend upon each other's findings and trust that they are not due to chance or error.","kind":"definitional","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"reliability (in science)","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Reliability describes the ability of scientists to depend upon each others’ findings, and trust that they are not due to chance or error.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-41/c294","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/7cd87e88a17c4379","nativeRecordCid":"5e4d9a08-6634-4ae8-a070-0f1dfb3279d5","documentId":"open-science-source-41","id":"c294","text":"P-hacking and publication bias weaken the reliability of science, including by leading researchers to underreport negative results.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"p-hacking and publication bias","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Today, a series of [interrelated challenges](https://www.sciencefictions.org/p/book?open=false#%C2%A7corrections) weaken the reliability of science, including the p-hacking and publication bias which can lead [researchers to underreport negative results](https://journals.plos.org/plosone/article?id=10.1371/journal.pone.0010068); [a lack of standardisation](https://www.nature.com/articles/d41586-024-02280-1) in how scientists carry out routine scientific tasks; mistakes, [for example in how scientists use statistical methods](https://mbnuijten.com/wp-content/uploads/2013/08/nuijtenetal_2016_reportingerrorspsychology.pdf); [scientific fraud](https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2685008/); and [challenges with the peer review process, including a lack of qualified peer reviewers](https://worksinprogress.co/issue/real-peer-review/).","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-41/c295","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/7296425dcbad447a","nativeRecordCid":"ded5d74d-8f9c-4f0a-9a0c-b6542a285215","documentId":"open-science-source-41","id":"c295","text":"A lack of standardisation in how scientists carry out routine scientific tasks weakens the reliability of science.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"lack of standardisation","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Today, a series of [interrelated challenges](https://www.sciencefictions.org/p/book?open=false#%C2%A7corrections) weaken the reliability of science, including the p-hacking and publication bias which can lead [researchers to underreport negative results](https://journals.plos.org/plosone/article?id=10.1371/journal.pone.0010068); [a lack of standardisation](https://www.nature.com/articles/d41586-024-02280-1) in how scientists carry out routine scientific tasks; mistakes, [for example in how scientists use statistical methods](https://mbnuijten.com/wp-content/uploads/2013/08/nuijtenetal_2016_reportingerrorspsychology.pdf); [scientific fraud](https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2685008/); and [challenges with the peer review process, including a lack of qualified peer reviewers](https://worksinprogress.co/issue/real-peer-review/).","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-41/c296","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/95b8fe581be94be5","nativeRecordCid":"05649359-2827-4052-910c-658ec9ad2806","documentId":"open-science-source-41","id":"c296","text":"Mistakes, such as in how scientists use statistical methods, weaken the reliability of science.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"mistakes in scientific practice","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Today, a series of [interrelated challenges](https://www.sciencefictions.org/p/book?open=false#%C2%A7corrections) weaken the reliability of science, including the p-hacking and publication bias which can lead [researchers to underreport negative results](https://journals.plos.org/plosone/article?id=10.1371/journal.pone.0010068); [a lack of standardisation](https://www.nature.com/articles/d41586-024-02280-1) in how scientists carry out routine scientific tasks; mistakes, [for example in how scientists use statistical methods](https://mbnuijten.com/wp-content/uploads/2013/08/nuijtenetal_2016_reportingerrorspsychology.pdf); [scientific fraud](https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2685008/); and [challenges with the peer review process, including a lack of qualified peer reviewers](https://worksinprogress.co/issue/real-peer-review/).","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-41/c297","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/003986f811ab47b9","nativeRecordCid":"8b7a0d70-bbd0-4dd2-98bb-4e1189d5b03e","documentId":"open-science-source-41","id":"c297","text":"Scientific fraud weakens the reliability of science.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"scientific fraud","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Today, a series of [interrelated challenges](https://www.sciencefictions.org/p/book?open=false#%C2%A7corrections) weaken the reliability of science, including the p-hacking and publication bias which can lead [researchers to underreport negative results](https://journals.plos.org/plosone/article?id=10.1371/journal.pone.0010068); [a lack of standardisation](https://www.nature.com/articles/d41586-024-02280-1) in how scientists carry out routine scientific tasks; mistakes, [for example in how scientists use statistical methods](https://mbnuijten.com/wp-content/uploads/2013/08/nuijtenetal_2016_reportingerrorspsychology.pdf); [scientific fraud](https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2685008/); and [challenges with the peer review process, including a lack of qualified peer reviewers](https://worksinprogress.co/issue/real-peer-review/).","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-41/c298","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/5a2856c0358d45a8","nativeRecordCid":"c14cfcee-bb96-4015-9812-d44a00f976fa","documentId":"open-science-source-41","id":"c298","text":"Challenges with the peer review process, including a lack of qualified peer reviewers, weaken the reliability of science.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"peer review process","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Today, a series of [interrelated challenges](https://www.sciencefictions.org/p/book?open=false#%C2%A7corrections) weaken the reliability of science, including the p-hacking and publication bias which can lead [researchers to underreport negative results](https://journals.plos.org/plosone/article?id=10.1371/journal.pone.0010068); [a lack of standardisation](https://www.nature.com/articles/d41586-024-02280-1) in how scientists carry out routine scientific tasks; mistakes, [for example in how scientists use statistical methods](https://mbnuijten.com/wp-content/uploads/2013/08/nuijtenetal_2016_reportingerrorspsychology.pdf); [scientific fraud](https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2685008/); and [challenges with the peer review process, including a lack of qualified peer reviewers](https://worksinprogress.co/issue/real-peer-review/).","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-41/c299","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/8ef0bc686e0c4fdf","nativeRecordCid":"c08a4ea6-829e-4f3e-97f8-7a35fbe56799","documentId":"open-science-source-41","id":"c299","text":"Some AI research features bad practices, such as practitioners cherrypicking the evaluations they use to assess their models' performance.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"AI research practices","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Some scientists worry that AI will exacerbate these challenges as some AI research also features [bad practices](https://arxiv.org/abs/2407.12220), such as practitioners cherrypicking the evaluations they use to assess their models’ performance.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-41/c300","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/ca0ae02d43f74040","nativeRecordCid":"c81e57bc-aebb-4562-a0b7-71e9cc998563","documentId":"open-science-source-41","id":"c300","text":"AI models, particularly LLMs, are prone to hallucinate outputs, including scientific citations, that are false or misleading.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"AI models (LLMs)","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"AI models, particularly LLMs, are also prone to ‘hallucinate’ outputs, including scientific citations, that are false or misleading.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-41/c301","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/5d862815b1324d7f","nativeRecordCid":"59943069-3559-4649-a768-ca74cde61568","documentId":"open-science-source-41","id":"c301","text":"The community is working on mitigations to reliability problems, including good practice checklists for researchers to adhere to.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"mitigations to AI reliability problems","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The community is working on mitigations to these problems, including [good practice checklists](https://reforms.cs.princeton.edu/) for researchers to adhere to and different types of AI factuality research, such as training AI models to [ground their outputs to trusted sources](https://blog.google/technology/ai/google-datagemma-ai-llm/), or to help [verify the outputs](https://arxiv.org/html/2408.15240) of other AI models.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-41/c302","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/eef3a965b4d04f3f","nativeRecordCid":"da169ab6-403f-4582-97c3-55b2a46b00f4","documentId":"open-science-source-41","id":"c302","text":"AI factuality research trains AI models to ground their outputs to trusted sources.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"AI factuality research","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The community is working on mitigations to these problems, including [good practice checklists](https://reforms.cs.princeton.edu/) for researchers to adhere to and different types of AI factuality research, such as training AI models to [ground their outputs to trusted sources](https://blog.google/technology/ai/google-datagemma-ai-llm/), or to help [verify the outputs](https://arxiv.org/html/2408.15240) of other AI models.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-41/c303","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/c120a70c2ea64462","nativeRecordCid":"6ae9b27f-da19-47e4-bc2d-a0f27e36ed8f","documentId":"open-science-source-41","id":"c303","text":"AI factuality research trains AI models to help verify the outputs of other AI models.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"AI factuality research","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The community is working on mitigations to these problems, including [good practice checklists](https://reforms.cs.princeton.edu/) for researchers to adhere to and different types of AI factuality research, such as training AI models to [ground their outputs to trusted sources](https://blog.google/technology/ai/google-datagemma-ai-llm/), or to help [verify the outputs](https://arxiv.org/html/2408.15240) of other AI models.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-41/c304","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/f503df5ae5d7492e","nativeRecordCid":"ddb1f5ec-7713-4da6-9a7d-fb4e7e1f9bf9","documentId":"open-science-source-41","id":"c304","text":"AI may be used to improve the reliability of the wider research base.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"AI and reliability of research","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Scientists could also potentially use AI to improve the reliability of the wider research base.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-41/c305","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/303d29f145b14b55","nativeRecordCid":"8661b8d6-1c61-45ef-a1c2-3d16d97d7801","documentId":"open-science-source-41","id":"c305","text":"AI automating aspects of data annotation or experiment design could provide much-needed standardisation in these areas.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"AI and standardisation","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"For instance, if AI can help to automate aspects of data annotation or experiment design, this could provide much-needed standardisation in these areas.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-41/c306","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/6410608950004a3c","nativeRecordCid":"49526246-8a64-4919-8f9e-3bbc671eb37f","documentId":"open-science-source-41","id":"c306","text":"As AI models get better at grounding their outputs to citations, they could help scientists and policymakers do more systematic reviews of the evidence base.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"AI and systematic reviews","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"As AI models get better at grounding their outputs to citations, they could also help scientists and policymakers do more [systematic reviews](https://www.nature.com/articles/d41586-024-03676-9) of the evidence base, for example in climate change, where groups like the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change are already struggling to keep up with the [inexorable rise in publications](https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1462901117305464).","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-41/c307","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/9d311c20b9244213","nativeRecordCid":"7cc68992-679d-4932-ae2b-5126206366c1","documentId":"open-science-source-41","id":"c307","text":"AI could be used to help detect mistaken or fraudulent images, or misleading scientific claims.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"AI and detecting scientific fraud","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Practitioners could also use AI to help detect mistaken or fraudulent images, or misleading scientific claims, as seen in the [recent trial](https://www.science.org/doi/10.1126/science.adn7530) by the Science journals of an AI image analysis tool.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-41/c308","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/f8e6048a3b2147cc","nativeRecordCid":"5ce3b7fc-f254-464e-9689-a50909933849","documentId":"open-science-source-41","id":"c308","text":"AI could potentially help with aspects of peer review.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"AI and peer review","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"More speculatively, AI could potentially help with aspects of peer review, given that some scientists already use LLMs to help critique their own papers, and to help validate the outputs of AI models, [for example in theorem proving](https://arxiv.org/abs/2403.15437).","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-41/c309","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/0217bb9fbfbd46fa","nativeRecordCid":"3815766e-91c3-432c-bead-8cdd3fe342ba","documentId":"open-science-source-41","id":"c309","text":"Some scientists already use LLMs to help critique their own papers.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"scientists' use of LLMs","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"More speculatively, AI could potentially help with aspects of peer review, given that some scientists already use LLMs to help critique their own papers, and to help validate the outputs of AI models, [for example in theorem proving](https://arxiv.org/abs/2403.15437).","representedInStars":false}
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{"key":"open-science-source-41/c315","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/5d8510df0c26480f","nativeRecordCid":"c7e754d6-9f13-4d43-9967-857d0a349d05","documentId":"open-science-source-41","id":"c315","text":"Understanding is not always necessary to develop useful applications, such as drugs.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"scientific understanding","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Understanding is not always necessary to discover new scientific phenomena, such as superconductivity, or to develop useful applications, such as drugs.","representedInStars":false}
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{"key":"open-science-source-41/c317","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/7b8820c921f0423e","nativeRecordCid":"21fa027a-2953-43ef-8f1e-b150aab87ed5","documentId":"open-science-source-41","id":"c317","text":"Concerns about replacing real, theoretical science with mere computation are not new and have previously been levelled at past techniques, such as the Monte Carlo method.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"concerns about atheoretical computation","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Concerns about replacing ‘*real, theoretical science*’ with ‘*low-brow ... .computation’* are not new and [were levelled](https://lisboncouncil.net/wp-content/uploads/2024/02/ESADE_Regulating_AI_Policy-Brief.pdf) at past techniques, such as the Monte Carlo method.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-41/c318","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/c07d2b0a5e214f3d","nativeRecordCid":"b4e7a7ea-8dd5-40fc-8c1f-d05a02716902","documentId":"open-science-source-41","id":"c318","text":"Fields that merge engineering and science, such as synthetic biology, have faced accusations of prioritising useful applications over deeper scientific understanding.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"fields merging engineering and science","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Fields that merge engineering and science, such as [synthetic biology](https://www.nature.com/articles/nrg1637), have also faced accusations of prioritising useful applications over deeper scientific understanding.","representedInStars":false}
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{"key":"open-science-source-41/c323","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/250ea47468304ef9","nativeRecordCid":"0d075867-8e72-48c0-9d96-cd09684a1d34","documentId":"open-science-source-41","id":"c323","text":"FunSearch outputs computer code that describes how it arrived at its solution.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"FunSearch","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"For example, our [FunSearch](https://deepmind.google/discover/blog/funsearch-making-new-discoveries-in-mathematical-sciences-using-large-language-models/) method outputs computer code that also describes how it arrived at its solution.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-41/c324","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/0c78d6dc3f4841f5","nativeRecordCid":"11476a80-595a-44e3-8c29-10351895d119","documentId":"open-science-source-41","id":"c324","text":"Researchers are working on explainability techniques that could shed light on how AI systems work.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"AI explainability techniques","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Researchers are also working on explainability techniques that could shed light on how AI systems work, such as [efforts to identify the ‘concepts’ that a model learns](https://huggingface.co/google/gemma-scope).","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-41/c325","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/8caec9a6058a4145","nativeRecordCid":"8d2d48a3-7270-45a9-99aa-f5326836aecc","documentId":"open-science-source-41","id":"c325","text":"Many explainability techniques have important limitations.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"AI explainability techniques","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Many of these explainability techniques have [important limitations](https://arxiv.org/abs/2212.11870), but they have already enabled scientists to extract new scientific hypotheses from AI models.","representedInStars":false}
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{"key":"open-science-source-41/c331","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/03614629a71548a2","nativeRecordCid":"04c55fee-2f8d-47b0-bd33-e94fc9485e6b","documentId":"open-science-source-41","id":"c331","text":"Efforts to modify the AlphaFold model architecture to incorporate more prior knowledge led to worse performance.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"AlphaFold model architecture","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Conversely, [efforts to modify](https://www.biorxiv.org/content/10.1101/2022.11.20.517210v3.full) the AlphaFold model architecture to incorporate more prior knowledge led to worse performance.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-41/c332","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/7e633e8090d245d2","nativeRecordCid":"8355b2b9-973c-48cf-81cf-101b0f477c59","documentId":"open-science-source-41","id":"c332","text":"There can be a trade-off between accuracy and interpretability in AI systems.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"AI accuracy vs interpretability","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"This highlights the trade-off that can occur between accuracy and interpretability, but also how AI systems could advance scientific understanding not *in spite of* their opacity, but *because* of it, as this opacity can stem from their ability to operate in high-dimensional spaces that may be uninterpretable to humans, but necessary to making scientific breakthroughs.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-41/c333","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/af68a4f647f5414a","nativeRecordCid":"730c925f-38fb-45a2-8333-cf7717a820b1","documentId":"open-science-source-41","id":"c333","text":"AI systems could advance scientific understanding because of their opacity rather than despite it.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"AI opacity and scientific understanding","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"This highlights the trade-off that can occur between accuracy and interpretability, but also how AI systems could advance scientific understanding not *in spite of* their opacity, but *because* of it, as this opacity can stem from their ability to operate in high-dimensional spaces that may be uninterpretable to humans, but necessary to making scientific breakthroughs.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-41/c334","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/a3096e02851746ea","nativeRecordCid":"9f36bd78-ea4b-48de-bc53-0018d2c6d236","documentId":"open-science-source-41","id":"c334","text":"AI systems' opacity can stem from their ability to operate in high-dimensional spaces that may be uninterpretable to humans but necessary to making scientific breakthroughs.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"AI opacity and high-dimensional spaces","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"This highlights the trade-off that can occur between accuracy and interpretability, but also how AI systems could advance scientific understanding not *in spite of* their opacity, but *because* of it, as this opacity can stem from their ability to operate in high-dimensional spaces that may be uninterpretable to humans, but necessary to making scientific breakthroughs.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-41/c335","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/6e348820afb443f5","nativeRecordCid":"21e362d4-d56d-45b1-843e-0914a0b03221","documentId":"open-science-source-41","id":"c335","text":"Inequity is starkly visible in the scientific workforce, in the questions scientists study, in the data and models they develop, and in the benefits and harms that result.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"inequity in science","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Inequity is starkly visible in the scientific workforce, in the questions they study, in the data and models they develop, and in the benefits and harms that result.","representedInStars":false}
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{"key":"open-science-source-41/c337","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/9d6fce7925e74cba","nativeRecordCid":"da677d69-3482-4872-aab2-fc9cf21281da","documentId":"open-science-source-41","id":"c337","text":"Inequities in science can compound over time.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"inequities in science","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"These inequities are related and can compound over time.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-41/c338","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/d1d766e34bfc407b","nativeRecordCid":"47ead9b6-14df-4667-8006-655a26de222c","documentId":"open-science-source-41","id":"c338","text":"A small number of labs and individuals in higher-income cities account for a disproportionate share of scientific outputs.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"labs in higher-income cities","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"For example, a small number of labs and individuals in higher-income cities account for a [disproportionate share of scientific outputs](https://www.pnas.org/doi/abs/10.1073/pnas.2117831119).","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-41/c339","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/cabe53974809409e","nativeRecordCid":"544a52d0-ae5e-443e-8494-a69bcc05af14","documentId":"open-science-source-41","id":"c339","text":"Studies to identify genetic variants associated with disease rely heavily on data from European ancestry groups.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"genetic variant studies","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"[Studies to identify genetic variants associated with disease](https://gwasdiversitymonitor.com/) rely heavily on data from European ancestry groups, while the [neglected tropical diseases](https://www.who.int/health-topics/neglected-tropical-diseases) that disproportionately affect poor countries receive relatively little research funding.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-41/c340","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/b8f81ff7cf774ced","nativeRecordCid":"f39b1f7a-505e-49bc-a526-a57cf20fd91f","documentId":"open-science-source-41","id":"c340","text":"Neglected tropical diseases that disproportionately affect poor countries receive relatively little research funding.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"neglected tropical diseases funding","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"[Studies to identify genetic variants associated with disease](https://gwasdiversitymonitor.com/) rely heavily on data from European ancestry groups, while the [neglected tropical diseases](https://www.who.int/health-topics/neglected-tropical-diseases) that disproportionately affect poor countries receive relatively little research funding.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-41/c341","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/d978105a26774283","nativeRecordCid":"755627bb-5b2a-4a6b-a1b6-0265b6f25810","documentId":"open-science-source-41","id":"c341","text":"Crop innovations focus on pests that are most common in high-income countries.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"crop innovations","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"In agriculture, crop innovations focus on pests that are most common in high-income countries, and are then [inappropriately used on different pests in lower-income countries,](https://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=3886019) hurting yields.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-41/c342","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/da62acd4c9ab44df","nativeRecordCid":"287d4f9a-8db0-496e-82a9-1c76a82016f0","documentId":"open-science-source-41","id":"c342","text":"Crop innovations developed for high-income-country pests are inappropriately used on different pests in lower-income countries, hurting yields.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"crop innovations","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"In agriculture, crop innovations focus on pests that are most common in high-income countries, and are then [inappropriately used on different pests in lower-income countries,](https://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=3886019) hurting yields.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-41/c343","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/0b3b312e34d7457b","nativeRecordCid":"f0eba2bb-9043-4f7a-8d5c-ea9b6a5cedce","documentId":"open-science-source-41","id":"c343","text":"Women account for just 33% of scientists, despite positive trends.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"women in science","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Despite positive trends, women [account](https://www.unesco.org/reports/science/2021/en) for just 33% of scientists and have [long been underrepresented in clinical trials](https://books.google.co.uk/books/about/Invisible_Women.html?id=GdmEDwAAQBAJ&redir_esc=y), [particularly women of colour](https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC9043984/).","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-41/c344","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/425c14eba40f47c9","nativeRecordCid":"b8470ecf-d707-4529-8f8b-6008995fc560","documentId":"open-science-source-41","id":"c344","text":"Women have long been underrepresented in clinical trials, particularly women of colour.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"women in clinical trials","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Despite positive trends, women [account](https://www.unesco.org/reports/science/2021/en) for just 33% of scientists and have [long been underrepresented in clinical trials](https://books.google.co.uk/books/about/Invisible_Women.html?id=GdmEDwAAQBAJ&redir_esc=y), [particularly women of colour](https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC9043984/).","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-41/c345","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/41863e197f744f23","nativeRecordCid":"9e7827be-e939-45db-bdd9-8299d02f4563","documentId":"open-science-source-41","id":"c345","text":"AI and computer science workforces are less representative, in terms of gender, ethnicity and the location of leading labs, than many other scientific disciplines.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"AI and computer science workforce","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"AI and computer science workforces are less representative, in terms of [gender, ethnicity and the location of leading labs](https://hai.stanford.edu/research/ai-index-report), than many other scientific disciplines and so AI’s growing use could hurt broader representation in science.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-41/c346","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/10e16f414bce4b9c","nativeRecordCid":"49ff18f1-7e04-4536-950b-13d2bc25ccc6","documentId":"open-science-source-41","id":"c346","text":"AI's growing use could hurt broader representation in science.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"AI and representation in science","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"AI and computer science workforces are less representative, in terms of [gender, ethnicity and the location of leading labs](https://hai.stanford.edu/research/ai-index-report), than many other scientific disciplines and so AI’s growing use could hurt broader representation in science.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-41/c347","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/82c1f3d99153498b","nativeRecordCid":"2f093149-e976-4d47-bfc5-2c147d8097c8","documentId":"open-science-source-41","id":"c347","text":"As a data-driven technology, AI risks inheriting and entrenching the biases found in scientific datasets.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"AI and dataset bias","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"As a data-driven technology, AI also risks inheriting and entrenching the biases found in scientific datasets.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-41/c348","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/1377b28d0ac14260","nativeRecordCid":"d99f6173-b5ca-4ee5-8bdc-56ef1b25959b","documentId":"open-science-source-41","id":"c348","text":"There are opportunities to use AI to reduce inequities in science, though not in lieu of more systemic change.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"AI and equity in science","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"There are also opportunities to use AI to reduce inequities in science, albeit not in lieu of more systemic change.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-41/c349","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/4298fc8ef3bc4f8f","nativeRecordCid":"e884fbae-8e08-4d66-ac83-ee8a38f560f2","documentId":"open-science-source-41","id":"c349","text":"AI models provided via low-cost servers or databases could make it easier and cheaper for scientists, including those from underrepresented groups, to study traditionally neglected problems.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"low-cost AI access and underrepresented scientists","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"If AI models are provided via low-cost servers or databases, they could make it easier and cheaper for scientists, including those from underrepresented groups, to study traditionally neglected problems, similar to how [releasing more satellite data led to more research from underrepresented communities](https://pubsonline.informs.org/doi/abs/10.1287/mnsc.2020.3878).","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-41/c350","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/0179f452ec3a4c99","nativeRecordCid":"a4b459e8-4b36-48b4-a537-d0316b271cbb","documentId":"open-science-source-41","id":"c350","text":"By ingesting more data, AI models may learn more universal patterns about the complex systems that scientists study.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"AI models and universal patterns","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"By ingesting more data, AI models may also be able to learn more universal patterns about the complex systems that scientists study, making these models more robust and less prone to biases.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-41/c351","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/45a4fd57a34a4a9a","nativeRecordCid":"20986c8b-d4e8-4c48-b697-c48de87a6bf3","documentId":"open-science-source-41","id":"c351","text":"AI models that learn more universal patterns from more data can become more robust.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"AI model robustness","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"By ingesting more data, AI models may also be able to learn more universal patterns about the complex systems that scientists study, making these models more robust and less prone to biases.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-41/c352","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/376d9fc2bf7e4fb2","nativeRecordCid":"bb6e03ed-ce28-409a-8d08-d7d9640557b8","documentId":"open-science-source-41","id":"c352","text":"AI models that learn more universal patterns from more data can become less prone to biases.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"AI model bias","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"By ingesting more data, AI models may also be able to learn more universal patterns about the complex systems that scientists study, making these models more robust and less prone to biases.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-41/c353","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/6e418d17074c4bc3","nativeRecordCid":"efbdecc2-abc3-48d7-9464-e3b8e7645ea8","documentId":"open-science-source-41","id":"c353","text":"Owing to their non-representative data, studies that identify genetic variants associated with disease can pick up confounding, rather than causal, variants.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"genetic variant studies","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"For example, owing to their non-representative data, studies that identify genetic variants associated with disease can pick up *confounding,* rather than *causal* variants.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-41/c354","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/7444ea9ed4ba4039","nativeRecordCid":"24bb6641-981a-4f31-9dc9-c2fe173b3ff0","documentId":"open-science-source-41","id":"c354","text":"Training AI models on larger, more diverse datasets of protein structures and genetic variants, including data across species, leads to better prediction of individuals at greatest disease risk with fewer discrepancies across population groups.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"AI models trained on diverse genetic data","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Conversely, some early attempts to train [AI models](https://www.science.org/doi/10.1126/science.abn8197) on larger datasets of protein structures and genetic variants, including data across species, perform better at predicting individuals at the greatest risk for disease, with fewer discrepancies across population groups.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-41/c355","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/dbd1d1d64816453f","nativeRecordCid":"ce545c2d-9a5e-48c5-9b8e-abdb6bd360a2","documentId":"open-science-source-41","id":"c355","text":"Improving equity in science requires long-term efforts that aim to build up scientific infrastructure, communities, and education where it is most lacking.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"","subject":"improving equity in science","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Ultimately, however, improving equity will require long-term efforts, such as the [H3Africa](https://www.fic.nih.gov/Funding/Pages/collaborations-h3africa.aspx) initiative in genomics and the [Deep Learning Indaba](https://deeplearningindaba.com/about/our-mission/) initiative for AI, that aim to build up scientific infrastructure, communities, and education where it is most lacking.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-41/c356","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/b8a6e0f5a3d444e5","nativeRecordCid":"c16bc596-5b59-49cf-acd4-cd509fffd248","documentId":"open-science-source-41","id":"c356","text":"Many scientists have long been active in efforts to protect the environment.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"scientists and environmental protection","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Given their desire to understand the natural world, many scientists have long been active in efforts to protect the environment, from providing [early evidence](https://science.nasa.gov/climate-change/evidence/) about climate change to developing photovoltaic cells.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-41/c357","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/d71dfb123d3d4b16","nativeRecordCid":"07179749-1208-417c-903e-6b45759d5b43","documentId":"open-science-source-41","id":"c357","text":"A growing number of scientists have voiced concerns about the potential impact of AI on the environment.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"scientists' concerns about AI and environment","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"In recent years, a growing number of scientists have [voiced concerns](https://cshperspectives.cshlp.org/content/15/12/a041473.short) about the potential impact of AI on the environment and developed [methodologies](https://arxiv.org/pdf/1906.02243v1) to try to quantify these impacts.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-41/c358","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/956530d0a2974d77","nativeRecordCid":"991a5a4b-d04a-473c-a367-7f3fcfa16d69","documentId":"open-science-source-41","id":"c358","text":"Scientists have developed methodologies to try to quantify AI's environmental impacts.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"methodologies to quantify AI's environmental impact","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"In recent years, a growing number of scientists have [voiced concerns](https://cshperspectives.cshlp.org/content/15/12/a041473.short) about the potential impact of AI on the environment and developed [methodologies](https://arxiv.org/pdf/1906.02243v1) to try to quantify these impacts.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-41/c359","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/e86169df3fb0470e","nativeRecordCid":"30e65c84-8bb7-4d0a-a450-076e0cb0eb9f","documentId":"open-science-source-41","id":"c359","text":"Most concerns about AI's environmental impact focus on the potential impact of training and using LLMs on greenhouse gas emissions.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"AI environmental concerns","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Most concerns focus on the [potential impact](https://arxiv.org/pdf/2302.08476) of training and using LLMs on greenhouse gas emissions, as well as related concerns, such as about the [water needed to cool data centres](https://arxiv.org/abs/2304.03271).","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-41/c360","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/c1bb8e453dea4452","nativeRecordCid":"7cbbf973-ea2a-4c96-9d74-7cd7f12aede2","documentId":"open-science-source-41","id":"c360","text":"There are related concerns about the water needed to cool data centres.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"data centre water use","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Most concerns focus on the [potential impact](https://arxiv.org/pdf/2302.08476) of training and using LLMs on greenhouse gas emissions, as well as related concerns, such as about the [water needed to cool data centres](https://arxiv.org/abs/2304.03271).","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-41/c361","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/f2b6102833b34d02","nativeRecordCid":"9b11d4a7-3bdc-4eb6-baf1-7424b230829f","documentId":"open-science-source-41","id":"c361","text":"The life cycle approach captures both the direct and indirect environmental effects of AI.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"life cycle approach","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"One way to think about these effects is the [*life cycle*](https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0301479709002345) *approach*, which captures both direct and indirect effects.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-41/c362","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/02b82cc3240f4103","nativeRecordCid":"61702ac1-8879-4cb7-920a-7832c1d10f4a","documentId":"open-science-source-41","id":"c362","text":"Direct environmental effects of AI include emissions from building the data centres and devices that AI models are trained and run on.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"direct emissions of AI","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Direct effects include the emissions from [building](https://arxiv.org/abs/2011.02839) and powering the data centres and devices that AI models are trained and run on.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-41/c363","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/6f767ff1479f4d92","nativeRecordCid":"2a8250bb-d37d-4bb9-9252-3fbe045ccb53","documentId":"open-science-source-41","id":"c363","text":"Direct environmental effects of AI include emissions from powering the data centres and devices that AI models are trained and run on.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"direct emissions of AI","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Direct effects include the emissions from [building](https://arxiv.org/abs/2011.02839) and powering the data centres and devices that AI models are trained and run on.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-41/c364","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/e2dd72fb81814374","nativeRecordCid":"8d43cb9e-b593-4c1b-8e0f-4de3e0be5c87","documentId":"open-science-source-41","id":"c364","text":"There is no comprehensive estimate for all direct emissions from AI.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"AI direct emissions estimates","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"There is no comprehensive estimate for *all* direct emissions from AI.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-41/c365","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/2c6e555e42254a23","nativeRecordCid":"c04569e9-601f-4b82-b25d-49c8b7b2b75f","documentId":"open-science-source-41","id":"c365","text":"As the size of LLMs continues to grow, emissions figures from AI may increase, potentially significantly.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"LLM size and emissions","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"As the size of LLMs continues to grow, observers have [cautioned](https://www.goldmansachs.com/insights/articles/AI-poised-to-drive-160-increase-in-power-demand) that these figures may increase, potentially significantly.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-41/c366","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/5a08b84246404b5b","nativeRecordCid":"ebc8cbf2-888e-4ca7-90cf-a8cd3a299d03","documentId":"open-science-source-41","id":"c366","text":"Many users of LLMs, including scientists, are able to fine-tune them or use their predictions at a relatively low compute cost, rather than training them from scratch.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"LLM users' compute costs","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"However, many users of LLMs, including scientists, will be able to fine-tune them, or use their predictions, at a relatively low compute cost, rather than training them from scratch.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-41/c367","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/1f2cc12a9e174f8a","nativeRecordCid":"9ccc02ff-ac5f-4df8-9893-42c26ec4634f","documentId":"open-science-source-41","id":"c367","text":"Efforts are underway to make LLMs more efficient.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"LLM efficiency efforts","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Efforts are also underway to make LLMs more efficient, and the [history of digital technology suggests](https://www.science.org/doi/10.1126/science.aba3758) that sizable gains are possible, not least due to the commercial pressures to deliver faster and cheaper AI models.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-41/c368","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/9b52a13a96eb4f09","nativeRecordCid":"0f757939-43e6-4594-8f20-6bf22bf65378","documentId":"open-science-source-41","id":"c368","text":"The history of digital technology suggests that sizable efficiency gains in AI are possible, not least due to commercial pressures to deliver faster and cheaper AI models.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"digital technology efficiency history","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Efforts are also underway to make LLMs more efficient, and the [history of digital technology suggests](https://www.science.org/doi/10.1126/science.aba3758) that sizable gains are possible, not least due to the commercial pressures to deliver faster and cheaper AI models.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-41/c369","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/6b363ce768114674","nativeRecordCid":"e2f5646c-dc95-44d9-80fe-8c456bfccd01","documentId":"open-science-source-41","id":"c369","text":"In some instances, the emissions from AI models will be lower than other approaches.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"AI model emissions vs other approaches","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"In some instances, the emissions from AI models will be lower than other approaches.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-41/c370","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/b8aa1409dddf4dcf","nativeRecordCid":"20f718c2-3438-4ed9-9cec-246b64458384","documentId":"open-science-source-41","id":"c370","text":"AI simulations rely on, and inform, physical experiments, rather than substituting for them.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"AI simulations and physical experiments","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"These results need to be interpreted carefully, as AI simulations rely on, and inform, physical experiments, rather than substituting for them.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-41/c371","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/a103de1b99734c91","nativeRecordCid":"1d0c8b5f-43e4-4cac-808b-149116cf1d99","documentId":"open-science-source-41","id":"c371","text":"AI could enable a larger amount of scientific activity at a lower average energy cost.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"AI and scientific activity energy cost","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"But they also show how AI could enable a larger amount of scientific activity at a lower average energy cost.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-41/c372","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/1f22305b70bb4ca7","nativeRecordCid":"8d84fa9a-f86d-46db-a4c4-05ead89f23e9","documentId":"open-science-source-41","id":"c372","text":"The direct effects of AI on emissions will likely be minor compared to the indirect effects that AI-enabled applications have on emissions.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"direct vs indirect AI emissions effects","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Crucially, the *direct* effects of AI on emissions, whether positive or negative, will likely be minor compared to the *indirect* effects that AI-enabled applications have on emissions.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-41/c373","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/b86eff3a37e94cb0","nativeRecordCid":"82c0fc48-2dda-48b4-bbbb-aa82ae6bf7cf","documentId":"open-science-source-41","id":"c373","text":"Progress at the nexus between AI, maths and computer science could dramatically improve the efficiency of the Internet.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"AI/maths/computer science and internet efficiency","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"First, progress at the nexus between AI, maths and computer science could dramatically improve the efficiency of the Internet, from [designing more efficient chips](https://deepmind.google/discover/blog/how-alphachip-transformed-computer-chip-design/) to [finding more efficient algorithms](https://deepmind.google/discover/blog/discovering-novel-algorithms-with-alphatensor/) for routine tasks.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-41/c374","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/8a8f9de4cc3349c5","nativeRecordCid":"e30e31bf-059a-40e5-9441-25b330c3ef1c","documentId":"open-science-source-41","id":"c374","text":"A growing share of the economy is moving online.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"economy moving online","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"As a growing share of the economy moves online, this should help to offset emissions across these sectors.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-41/c375","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/c29ec22a7a434052","nativeRecordCid":"72526c6a-689a-4267-a267-1573ebd45fb0","documentId":"open-science-source-41","id":"c375","text":"Improved efficiency of the Internet should help to offset emissions across sectors as more of the economy moves online.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"internet efficiency and emissions offset","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"As a growing share of the economy moves online, this should help to offset emissions across these sectors.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-41/c376","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/79ed3dcb94ca4147","nativeRecordCid":"442f2e33-b423-4476-9553-61b9efec4159","documentId":"open-science-source-41","id":"c376","text":"AI could accelerate the development and use of renewable energy.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"AI and renewable energy","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"AI could accelerate the development and use of renewable energy, for example by designing new materials, such as for batteries or solar panels, by [optimising how the grid operates](https://arxiv.org/abs/2403.17660) and how it [integrates renewables](https://x.company/case-study/tapestry-cen/), and via more transformative but uncertain opportunities like fusion.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-41/c377","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/8927dfc387de4f00","nativeRecordCid":"ec9d80cb-36aa-41b4-908f-bf0afc23c364","documentId":"open-science-source-41","id":"c377","text":"The world is already getting warmer.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"global warming","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Finally, the world is [already getting warmer](https://climate.nasa.gov/vital-signs/global-temperature/) and AI could help to better prepare for extreme weather events.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-41/c378","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/cecd6b61785345b1","nativeRecordCid":"f05d61f9-6606-40e3-a956-c8547ebcbd60","documentId":"open-science-source-41","id":"c378","text":"AI could help to better prepare for extreme weather events.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"AI and extreme weather preparedness","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Finally, the world is [already getting warmer](https://climate.nasa.gov/vital-signs/global-temperature/) and AI could help to better prepare for extreme weather events.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-41/c379","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/40b6e970354446f0","nativeRecordCid":"ce987530-b698-4e8d-9fab-d0b9cc619b9e","documentId":"open-science-source-41","id":"c379","text":"Scientific progress is important to almost every major economic, environmental and security goal.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"scientific progress","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Given the importance of scientific progress to almost every major economic, environmental and security goal, it follows that science, and the potential for AI to accelerate it, [should be a top priority for any government](https://institute.global/insights/politics-and-governance/new-national-purpose-innovation-can-power-future-britain).","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-41/c380","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/e0d01704d2e44220","nativeRecordCid":"e8be02f4-22dd-4881-b434-81544ccfb371","documentId":"open-science-source-41","id":"c380","text":"Science, and the potential for AI to accelerate it, should be a top priority for any government.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"governments","subject":"science and AI as policy priority","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Given the importance of scientific progress to almost every major economic, environmental and security goal, it follows that science, and the potential for AI to accelerate it, [should be a top priority for any government](https://institute.global/insights/politics-and-governance/new-national-purpose-innovation-can-power-future-britain).","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-41/c381","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/b9fceea007884b2d","nativeRecordCid":"c2e2c208-2f5e-4937-80f3-903b8853bc3d","documentId":"open-science-source-41","id":"c381","text":"Policymakers may implement existing good science and innovation policy ideas, which make even more sense in an era of AI-enabled science.","kind":"normative","modality":"may","actor":"policymakers","subject":"science and innovation policy ideas","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Policymakers can start by implementing the many good science and innovation policy ideas that [already exist](https://blog.google/outreach-initiatives/public-policy/google-ai-opportunity-agenda/) and which make even more sense in an era of AI-enabled science.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-41/c382","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/62b3819ca8c84ddf","nativeRecordCid":"333a5e38-6797-459b-aa3a-b8e3df801c45","documentId":"open-science-source-41","id":"c382","text":"AI will improve the return on science research funding.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"AI and science funding returns","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"For example, AI will improve the return on science research funding and so it provides a strong rationale to invest more in it and to trial new ideas to [speed up](https://ifp.org/to-speed-scientific-progress-do-away-with-funding-delays/) and [experiment with](https://ifp.org/progress-deferred-lessons-from-mrna-vaccine-development/#part-iii-recommendations) how this funding is allocated.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-41/c383","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/21cd84b6ab45478d","nativeRecordCid":"b7e28e4a-c2bb-4706-a5a6-f1afdd74c3b7","documentId":"open-science-source-41","id":"c383","text":"AI improving the return on science research funding provides a strong rationale to invest more in science research funding and to trial new ideas about how this funding is allocated.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"AI and science funding investment rationale","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"For example, AI will improve the return on science research funding and so it provides a strong rationale to invest more in it and to trial new ideas to [speed up](https://ifp.org/to-speed-scientific-progress-do-away-with-funding-delays/) and [experiment with](https://ifp.org/progress-deferred-lessons-from-mrna-vaccine-development/#part-iii-recommendations) how this funding is allocated.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-41/c384","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/d2b86b3b255c4d68","nativeRecordCid":"77b02f46-02e3-4c72-8d05-c50bd81d1431","documentId":"open-science-source-41","id":"c384","text":"Governments may implement the idea of empowering a dedicated body to continually assess and advise governments on potential compute investments.","kind":"normative","modality":"may","actor":"governments","subject":"compute investment policy","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"On compute, governments could implement the idea set out in the UK’s [Independent Review](https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/future-of-compute-review/the-future-of-compute-report-of-the-review-of-independent-panel-of-experts) to empower a dedicated body to continually assess and advise governments on potential investments.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-41/c385","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/2848dc9440024860","nativeRecordCid":"f7cd46cf-afe9-4599-adb5-36f3de39fe7d","documentId":"open-science-source-41","id":"c385","text":"Policymakers may improve spin-out policies to support AI for Science startups.","kind":"normative","modality":"may","actor":"policymakers","subject":"spin-out policies","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"To support AI for Science startups, policymakers can improve their [spin-out](https://press.airstreet.com/p/spinout-review) [policies](https://assets.publishing.service.gov.uk/media/6549fcb23ff5770013a88131/independent_review_of_university_spin-out_companies.pdf) and support well-run [start-up incubators](https://www.joinef.com/) and [fellowships](https://www.activate.org/the-fellowship).","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-41/c386","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/02a3c34cfcb24405","nativeRecordCid":"d280d23f-87a0-4692-bcad-8b248c94d8ee","documentId":"open-science-source-41","id":"c386","text":"Policymakers may support well-run start-up incubators to support AI for Science startups.","kind":"normative","modality":"may","actor":"policymakers","subject":"start-up incubators","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"To support AI for Science startups, policymakers can improve their [spin-out](https://press.airstreet.com/p/spinout-review) [policies](https://assets.publishing.service.gov.uk/media/6549fcb23ff5770013a88131/independent_review_of_university_spin-out_companies.pdf) and support well-run [start-up incubators](https://www.joinef.com/) and [fellowships](https://www.activate.org/the-fellowship).","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-41/c387","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/7c7d13d2e6274fff","nativeRecordCid":"e7c8f4a4-2d3f-42b7-bfc0-55dd67fe947c","documentId":"open-science-source-41","id":"c387","text":"Policymakers may support fellowships to support AI for Science startups.","kind":"normative","modality":"may","actor":"policymakers","subject":"fellowships","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"To support AI for Science startups, policymakers can improve their [spin-out](https://press.airstreet.com/p/spinout-review) [policies](https://assets.publishing.service.gov.uk/media/6549fcb23ff5770013a88131/independent_review_of_university_spin-out_companies.pdf) and support well-run [start-up incubators](https://www.joinef.com/) and [fellowships](https://www.activate.org/the-fellowship).","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-41/c388","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/6ce7435196d54277","nativeRecordCid":"450539c5-a803-411d-bfd2-1a6427f8d2cc","documentId":"open-science-source-41","id":"c388","text":"Ambitious new policies are needed to capitalise on the AI for Science opportunity.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"","subject":"AI for Science policy","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"But ambitious new policies are also needed to capitalise on the AI for Science opportunity.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-41/c389","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/202ade7d504946ad","nativeRecordCid":"fecc8254-7a58-49aa-a9ec-c060ed4e8720","documentId":"open-science-source-41","id":"c389","text":"Scientific progress rests on picking the right problems.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"scientific progress","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Scientific progress rests on picking the right problems.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-41/c390","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/4251eab52e1147f8","nativeRecordCid":"199a5591-6f23-494d-9ecc-754de1ae6848","documentId":"open-science-source-41","id":"c390","text":"Policymakers, AI labs and science funders may launch a public call for scientists and technologists to identify the most important AI-shaped scientific problems, backed by a major new global fund to drive progress on them.","kind":"normative","modality":"may","actor":"policymakers, AI labs and science funders","subject":"AI-shaped scientific problems initiative","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"As part of upcoming international events such as the [AI Action Summit](https://www.elysee.fr/en/sommet-pour-l-action-sur-l-ia) in Paris, policymakers, AI labs and science funders could launch a public call for scientists and technologists to identify the most important AI-shaped scientific problems, backed by a major new global fund to drive progress on them.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-41/c391","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/8c7f0dec10484971","nativeRecordCid":"3a60bd5f-84ed-427e-8be6-c64dc63174a9","documentId":"open-science-source-41","id":"c391","text":"Submissions to the AI-shaped scientific problems call should specify why the problem is important.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"submitters","subject":"submission requirements","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Submissions should specify why the problem is important, why it is suited to modern AI systems, why it may be otherwise neglected, the data bottlenecks that exist, and how near-term technical progress could be evaluated.","representedInStars":false}
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{"key":"open-science-source-41/c393","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/6c2f29670c56454b","nativeRecordCid":"f69dc386-3bf8-4de4-9832-76da167f6fbf","documentId":"open-science-source-41","id":"c393","text":"Submissions to the AI-shaped scientific problems call should specify why the problem may be otherwise neglected.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"submitters","subject":"submission requirements","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Submissions should specify why the problem is important, why it is suited to modern AI systems, why it may be otherwise neglected, the data bottlenecks that exist, and how near-term technical progress could be evaluated.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-41/c394","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/70c14de7610f4006","nativeRecordCid":"73242ab1-d889-43f4-b712-6fa9c9d1374a","documentId":"open-science-source-41","id":"c394","text":"Submissions to the AI-shaped scientific problems call should specify the data bottlenecks that exist.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"submitters","subject":"submission requirements","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Submissions should specify why the problem is important, why it is suited to modern AI systems, why it may be otherwise neglected, the data bottlenecks that exist, and how near-term technical progress could be evaluated.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-41/c395","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/8d66a3f54e234aee","nativeRecordCid":"c373f8bd-bd66-448b-8a9f-6d2da66b4ca9","documentId":"open-science-source-41","id":"c395","text":"Submissions to the AI-shaped scientific problems call should specify how near-term technical progress could be evaluated.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"submitters","subject":"submission requirements","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Submissions should specify why the problem is important, why it is suited to modern AI systems, why it may be otherwise neglected, the data bottlenecks that exist, and how near-term technical progress could be evaluated.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-41/c396","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/d2c6728f761e4ea1","nativeRecordCid":"938f2a4b-ec48-4a46-bbc1-c3ff5a4f3a23","documentId":"open-science-source-41","id":"c396","text":"The top ideas from the AI-shaped scientific problems call could form the basis of new scientific competitions, supported by new datasets, evaluation methods and competitive benchmarks.","kind":"normative","modality":"may","actor":"","subject":"scientific competitions on AI-shaped problems","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The top ideas could form the basis of new scientific competitions, where scientists compete to solve these problems with AI, supported by new datasets, evaluation methods and competitive benchmarks.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-41/c397","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/041bbe32ae8542ff","nativeRecordCid":"6464b7d6-ee9c-45a5-8c6e-3d3e5376fe0d","documentId":"open-science-source-41","id":"c397","text":"A recent flurry of competitions has emerged to evaluate the scientific capabilities of AI models.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"AI scientific-capability competitions","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"These could build on the [recent flurry of competitions that have emerged to evaluate the scientific capabilities of AI models](https://www.nature.com/articles/d41586-024-03335-z), and include a new [AI for Science Olympiad](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/International_Science_Olympiad) to attract exceptional young talent from across the world to the field.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-41/c398","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/07a629ec6da1461f","nativeRecordCid":"80827f0d-b17e-427a-8daf-047fff40c6a7","documentId":"open-science-source-41","id":"c398","text":"New scientific competitions on AI-shaped problems could include a new AI for Science Olympiad to attract exceptional young talent from across the world to the field.","kind":"normative","modality":"may","actor":"","subject":"AI for Science Olympiad","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"These could build on the [recent flurry of competitions that have emerged to evaluate the scientific capabilities of AI models](https://www.nature.com/articles/d41586-024-03335-z), and include a new [AI for Science Olympiad](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/International_Science_Olympiad) to attract exceptional young talent from across the world to the field.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-41/c399","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/c3487b15ca7b4159","nativeRecordCid":"be0ea340-22bb-43bf-b877-23436452e541","documentId":"open-science-source-41","id":"c399","text":"The AI for Science 'Hilbert Problems' initiative could provide a welcome focal point for international scientific collaboration and funding.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"Hilbert Problems initiative","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Beyond its direct impacts, the AI for Science ‘Hilbert Problems’ initiative could provide a welcome focal point for international scientific collaboration and funding, and inspire a new generation of interdisciplinary scientists to identify and pursue AI-shaped problems.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-41/c400","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/387ef351dcb04369","nativeRecordCid":"c4391ca6-5670-4772-8e21-dba9949f6693","documentId":"open-science-source-41","id":"c400","text":"The AI for Science 'Hilbert Problems' initiative could inspire a new generation of interdisciplinary scientists to identify and pursue AI-shaped problems.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"Hilbert Problems initiative","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Beyond its direct impacts, the AI for Science ‘Hilbert Problems’ initiative could provide a welcome focal point for international scientific collaboration and funding, and inspire a new generation of interdisciplinary scientists to identify and pursue AI-shaped problems.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-41/c401","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/5def49ac5c6f4440","nativeRecordCid":"09266d61-1aea-4475-9fb3-620e068c82c1","documentId":"open-science-source-41","id":"c401","text":"Most scientific data is uncollected, partial, uncurated, or inaccessible.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"scientific data quality and accessibility","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Most scientific data is uncollected, partial, uncurated or inaccessible, making it unavailable to train AI models.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-41/c402","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/60b3918eff3b472e","nativeRecordCid":"f66c51d2-a2be-4fef-96c1-65105ab738a9","documentId":"open-science-source-41","id":"c402","text":"Most scientific data is unavailable to train AI models.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"scientific data availability for AI training","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Most scientific data is uncollected, partial, uncurated or inaccessible, making it unavailable to train AI models.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-41/c403","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/c290b2c92c954247","nativeRecordCid":"5103aea3-deb6-4980-82bc-51421560db06","documentId":"open-science-source-41","id":"c403","text":"There is no single policy response to what is far from a uniform challenge.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"policy response to scientific data challenge","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"There is no single policy response to what is far from a uniform challenge.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-41/c404","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/db5e6154afca45db","nativeRecordCid":"d7b87d7f-a066-4cb8-b8c7-2e3f1d1d97fc","documentId":"open-science-source-41","id":"c404","text":"Policymakers and funders need to blend a small number of top-down initiatives with support to scale up promising grassroots efforts.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"policymakers and funders","subject":"policymakers and funders blending initiatives","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Policymakers and funders will need to blend a small number of top-down initiatives with support to scale up [promising grassroots efforts.](https://alignbio.org/datasets-in-detail)","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-41/c405","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/ef5e7577f9d74fc6","nativeRecordCid":"a9c3d0e5-a20c-42e4-8c30-4e93f883acdc","documentId":"open-science-source-41","id":"c405","text":"A new international network of AI for Science Data Observatories should be set up to help address these goals.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"","subject":"AI for Science Data Observatories network","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"A new international network of *AI for Science Data Observatories* should be set up to help address these goals.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-41/c406","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/24a6aa2499324f7f","nativeRecordCid":"dcd3e73b-2db0-4c27-9c4a-4d2234f2bc42","documentId":"open-science-source-41","id":"c406","text":"These Observatories could be given long-term backing.","kind":"normative","modality":"may","actor":"","subject":"Observatories long-term backing","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"These Observatories could be given long-term backing and tasked with running rapid AI for Science ‘data stocktakes’, where expert teams map the state of data in priority disciplines and application areas.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-41/c407","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/2d85c5b3dba14f9b","nativeRecordCid":"42970f84-adbc-4ce3-9893-e0dc58a86606","documentId":"open-science-source-41","id":"c407","text":"These Observatories could be tasked with running rapid AI for Science data stocktakes, where expert teams map the state of data in priority disciplines and application areas.","kind":"normative","modality":"may","actor":"","subject":"Observatories data stocktakes","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"These Observatories could be given long-term backing and tasked with running rapid AI for Science ‘data stocktakes’, where expert teams map the state of data in priority disciplines and application areas.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-41/c408","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/d637f217cde44048","nativeRecordCid":"27aa82d5-eb14-405e-9c63-4f6fb4467ce6","documentId":"open-science-source-41","id":"c408","text":"Stocktakes could identify existing datasets whose quality could be further improved.","kind":"normative","modality":"may","actor":"","subject":"stocktakes identifying existing datasets","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Stocktakes could identify existing datasets, such as the [Sequence Read Archive](https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/sra/docs/), whose quality could be further improved, as well as untapped or underutilised datasets, such as the decades of experimental fusion data that is currently unavailable to scientists or leading biodiversity datasets that are subject to restrictive licensing conditions.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-41/c409","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/04ac6afc3f224864","nativeRecordCid":"0d53ea95-1c93-4a31-b8a5-774202e5345f","documentId":"open-science-source-41","id":"c409","text":"Stocktakes could identify untapped or underutilised datasets.","kind":"normative","modality":"may","actor":"","subject":"stocktakes identifying untapped datasets","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Stocktakes could identify existing datasets, such as the [Sequence Read Archive](https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/sra/docs/), whose quality could be further improved, as well as untapped or underutilised datasets, such as the decades of experimental fusion data that is currently unavailable to scientists or leading biodiversity datasets that are subject to restrictive licensing conditions.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-41/c410","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/845a725300b142c6","nativeRecordCid":"909adf0b-1339-4390-b9ec-4b2362bd316d","documentId":"open-science-source-41","id":"c410","text":"The stocktakes could also include new data wish lists.","kind":"normative","modality":"may","actor":"","subject":"stocktakes data wish lists","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The stocktakes could also include new ‘data wish lists’.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-41/c411","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/b563785dfc714fce","nativeRecordCid":"1fbe436f-6b5b-4f8b-bcc9-35fcf515ee85","documentId":"open-science-source-41","id":"c411","text":"Policymakers should designate and empower organisations to be accountable for addressing the results of the data stocktakes, to ensure this analysis leads to action.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"policymakers","subject":"policymakers accountable organisations for stocktakes","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"To ensure this analysis leads to action, policymakers should designate and empower organisations to be accountable for addressing the results of the data stocktakes.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-41/c412","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/9171bfb9d7274d60","nativeRecordCid":"ac7d2e6f-5d7a-451e-8725-e8b101e7dc1f","documentId":"open-science-source-41","id":"c412","text":"The observatories could also scope the creation of new databases, including ensuring that adequate consideration is given to their long-term storage, maintenance, and incentives.","kind":"normative","modality":"may","actor":"","subject":"observatories scoping new databases","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The observatories could also scope the creation of new databases, including ensuring that adequate consideration is given to their long-term storage, maintenance, and incentives.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-41/c413","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/58b562c40b18407f","nativeRecordCid":"dea47233-23fd-43ee-ac34-f2890bff585b","documentId":"open-science-source-41","id":"c413","text":"New databases could be created to securely store the results of strategic wet lab experiments that are currently discarded.","kind":"normative","modality":"may","actor":"","subject":"new databases for wet lab experiment results","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"This could include new databases to securely store the results of strategic wet lab experiments that are currently discarded, complemented by making the deposition of these experimental results a requirement for public research funding.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-41/c414","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/aa3cb62f73064f61","nativeRecordCid":"97250652-cf05-4f99-b1d6-936313fef464","documentId":"open-science-source-41","id":"c414","text":"Deposition of these experimental results could be made a requirement for public research funding.","kind":"normative","modality":"may","actor":"","subject":"deposition requirement for public research funding","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"This could include new databases to securely store the results of strategic wet lab experiments that are currently discarded, complemented by making the deposition of these experimental results a requirement for public research funding.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-41/c415","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/7fb21c6dede14bcf","nativeRecordCid":"f884b6d5-eb15-432d-9a4d-0865700ef184","documentId":"open-science-source-41","id":"c415","text":"The observatories' scoping of new databases could include digitising more public archives.","kind":"normative","modality":"may","actor":"","subject":"observatories scoping digitising public archives","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Or digitising more public archives, following the example of a recent [UK government and Natural History Museum collaboration](https://www.nhm.ac.uk/press-office/press-releases/natural-history-museum-to-lead-new-national-programme-to-digitis.html) to digitise their natural science collections, which includes more than 137 million items, from butterflies to legumes, across a 4.6 billion-year history.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-41/c416","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/9ebce39f4d1645ba","nativeRecordCid":"aa562ff7-cd92-4d3b-9ec3-5aa03bc31e29","documentId":"open-science-source-41","id":"c416","text":"Policymakers can empower scientists to use LLMs to create and improve their own datasets by ensuring that publicly-funded research is open by default, where possible.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"policymakers empowering scientists via open research","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Policymakers can also empower scientists to use LLMs to create and improve their own datasets, by ensuring that publicly-funded research is open by default, where possible, building on recent examples from the [UK](https://openaccess.ox.ac.uk/ref), [US](https://www.nature.com/articles/d41586-022-02351-1) and [Japan](https://www.nature.com/articles/d41586-024-01493-8), including mandates [to release research via pre-print servers](https://journals.plos.org/plosbiology/article?id=10.1371/journal.pbio.3000273).","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-41/c417","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/d77ff291b34a46ab","nativeRecordCid":"d26bcbfa-605a-465d-9138-b60be32ad58d","documentId":"open-science-source-41","id":"c417","text":"Policymakers could seek to co-fund the most ambitious dataset initiatives with industry and philanthropy.","kind":"normative","modality":"may","actor":"policymakers","subject":"policymakers co-funding dataset initiatives","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Policymakers could seek to co-fund the most ambitious dataset initiatives with industry and philanthropy.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-41/c418","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/aa44034a60924cd8","nativeRecordCid":"1a2e2cfa-8c83-47df-a4a4-ed0749a3ff8d","documentId":"open-science-source-41","id":"c418","text":"As the number of scientific technologies has grown over the past half century, most scientists' distance from those technologies has also grown.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"scientists' distance from technologies","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Over the past half century, as the number of scientific technologies has grown, so has most scientists’ distance from them.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-41/c419","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/191140d34ecd40f7","nativeRecordCid":"50e5aee4-a05d-46c2-a2f7-5d1d19fdbe1f","documentId":"open-science-source-41","id":"c419","text":"Many technologies are the products of science.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"technologies as products of science","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Many technologies are the products of science, but [an ever smaller share of scientists](https://davidlang.substack.com/p/costs) are trained in how to develop and use them effectively.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-41/c420","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/17bc7105aceb4ac2","nativeRecordCid":"385db96e-32ec-4d65-81cb-93dae86da1f0","documentId":"open-science-source-41","id":"c420","text":"An ever smaller share of scientists are trained in how to develop and use technologies effectively.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"scientists trained in technology use","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Many technologies are the products of science, but [an ever smaller share of scientists](https://davidlang.substack.com/p/costs) are trained in how to develop and use them effectively.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-41/c421","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/cb380fbd89e34c3c","nativeRecordCid":"a8f9589d-d7b8-47e3-8ffa-e7598a0f43aa","documentId":"open-science-source-41","id":"c421","text":"There is a pressing near-term need to fund and incentivise mass uptake of shorter, more tactical AI training programmes and fellowships for existing scientists and research leaders.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"","subject":"AI training programmes funding need","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The pressing near-term need is to fund and incentivise mass uptake of shorter, more tactical AI training programmes [and fellowships](https://www.schmidtsciences.org/schmidt-ai-in-science-postdocs/), for existing scientists and research leaders.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-41/c422","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/1e0ddb75b0374e82","nativeRecordCid":"cbfa4fc1-deb8-43ad-98c5-964908f32b0b","documentId":"open-science-source-41","id":"c422","text":"Every postgraduate science student should be able to access introductory courses on using AI in science, including on the most important tools in their domain.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"","subject":"postgraduate students' access to AI courses","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Policymakers can incentivise these efforts by setting a clear goal that every postgraduate science student should be able to access introductory courses on using AI in science, including on the most important tools in their domain, in the same way as basic statistics is often taught today.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-41/c423","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/d720b45045b14dc8","nativeRecordCid":"fb99bd84-7d74-45a2-9bc5-f00c6ab17d07","documentId":"open-science-source-41","id":"c423","text":"The type and depth of training needed will depend on an individual's discipline and profile.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"training depth depends on discipline","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The type and depth of training needed will depend on an individual’s discipline and profile, and could range from basic introductory courses about how to reliably use LLMs for everyday research tasks, through to more advanced courses on how to fine-tune AI models on scientific data, as well as how to address more complex challenges, such as evaluating whether the data they used to test a model’s performance has intentionally or unintentionally ‘leaked’ into the data used to train it.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-41/c424","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/7d3391a679554a56","nativeRecordCid":"cc8d837e-6f93-45e2-bd70-f66fbfddfac8","documentId":"open-science-source-41","id":"c424","text":"AI training could include basic introductory courses on how to reliably use LLMs for everyday research tasks.","kind":"normative","modality":"may","actor":"","subject":"AI training basic LLM courses","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The type and depth of training needed will depend on an individual’s discipline and profile, and could range from basic introductory courses about how to reliably use LLMs for everyday research tasks, through to more advanced courses on how to fine-tune AI models on scientific data, as well as how to address more complex challenges, such as evaluating whether the data they used to test a model’s performance has intentionally or unintentionally ‘leaked’ into the data used to train it.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-41/c425","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/fea003c3f7964cd5","nativeRecordCid":"ae03442b-759b-469a-8dc5-4ee44d3b047e","documentId":"open-science-source-41","id":"c425","text":"AI training could include more advanced courses on how to fine-tune AI models on scientific data.","kind":"normative","modality":"may","actor":"","subject":"AI training advanced fine-tuning courses","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The type and depth of training needed will depend on an individual’s discipline and profile, and could range from basic introductory courses about how to reliably use LLMs for everyday research tasks, through to more advanced courses on how to fine-tune AI models on scientific data, as well as how to address more complex challenges, such as evaluating whether the data they used to test a model’s performance has intentionally or unintentionally ‘leaked’ into the data used to train it.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-41/c426","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/c4a65c13396846bb","nativeRecordCid":"283fa739-f958-4701-8d3d-e3f7e7afc142","documentId":"open-science-source-41","id":"c426","text":"AI training could include courses on how to address complex challenges, such as evaluating whether the data used to test a model's performance has intentionally or unintentionally leaked into the data used to train it.","kind":"normative","modality":"may","actor":"","subject":"AI training data leakage evaluation courses","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The type and depth of training needed will depend on an individual’s discipline and profile, and could range from basic introductory courses about how to reliably use LLMs for everyday research tasks, through to more advanced courses on how to fine-tune AI models on scientific data, as well as how to address more complex challenges, such as evaluating whether the data they used to test a model’s performance has intentionally or unintentionally ‘leaked’ into the data used to train it.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-41/c427","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/0df4c09b60d04d03","nativeRecordCid":"e69ffd45-a6c4-4f25-9202-eceedd409606","documentId":"open-science-source-41","id":"c427","text":"Policymakers need to move quickly to put in place longer-term programmes to ensure that the next generation of scientists has the skills they need.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"policymakers","subject":"policymakers longer-term training programmes","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Policymakers also need to move quickly to put in place longer-term programmes to ensure that the next generation of scientists has the skills they need.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-41/c428","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/fa33bd0ffbd746e0","nativeRecordCid":"1905603f-d4d6-456a-9430-ef87c74e4ad0","documentId":"open-science-source-41","id":"c428","text":"Mainstreaming and deepening AI training and skills development in science education at all levels is needed.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"policymakers","subject":"AI training in science education","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"This means mainstreaming and deepening AI training and skills development in science education at all levels.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-41/c429","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/caaaa7ab48d645cf","nativeRecordCid":"a6479b58-3462-4fc6-a52f-6b1243f0ce3a","documentId":"open-science-source-41","id":"c429","text":"Secondary school science students will need early exposure to the impact of AI.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"secondary school science students","subject":"secondary school students AI exposure","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Secondary school science students will need [early exposure](https://experience-ai.org/en/units/experience-ai-lessons) to the impact of AI while university students will need access to [new types of interdisciplinary AI science degrees](https://www.postgraduate.study.cam.ac.uk/courses/directory/pcphmpdis), such as the [pan-African AI for Science Masters programme](https://ai.aims.ac.za/) that [we partnered with](https://deepmind.google/discover/blog/a-new-generation-of-african-talent-brings-cutting-edge-ai-to-scientific-challenges/) the African Institute for Mathematical Sciences to develop.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-41/c430","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/c617852b3a0245e7","nativeRecordCid":"dc083d04-82c4-4d8c-9c76-be885ff4610f","documentId":"open-science-source-41","id":"c430","text":"University students will need access to new types of interdisciplinary AI science degrees.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"university students","subject":"university students AI science degrees","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Secondary school science students will need [early exposure](https://experience-ai.org/en/units/experience-ai-lessons) to the impact of AI while university students will need access to [new types of interdisciplinary AI science degrees](https://www.postgraduate.study.cam.ac.uk/courses/directory/pcphmpdis), such as the [pan-African AI for Science Masters programme](https://ai.aims.ac.za/) that [we partnered with](https://deepmind.google/discover/blog/a-new-generation-of-african-talent-brings-cutting-edge-ai-to-scientific-challenges/) the African Institute for Mathematical Sciences to develop.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-41/c431","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/d93a3898a3574cb2","nativeRecordCid":"8affe9fd-ab79-4462-a627-7003cef9341a","documentId":"open-science-source-41","id":"c431","text":"Policymakers have little evidence about who is doing AI for science best, how they are doing it, and the hurdles that are inhibiting others.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"policymakers' evidence about AI use","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Scientists' use of AI is growing exponentially, but policymakers have little evidence about who is doing it best, how they are doing it, and the hurdles that are inhibiting others.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-41/c432","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/60a493db75834949","nativeRecordCid":"7d15d03c-be42-45a7-9bf5-1e74fe2e5959","documentId":"open-science-source-41","id":"c432","text":"The evidence gap about scientists' use of AI is an impediment to identifying the best AI for Science policy ideas.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"evidence gap impedes policy ideas","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"This evidence gap is an impediment to identifying the best AI for Science policy ideas and targeting them effectively.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-41/c433","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/171f3c5e9fca4947","nativeRecordCid":"8a4b081f-8201-4b32-bf47-aaaf0d26f4b6","documentId":"open-science-source-41","id":"c433","text":"The evidence gap about scientists' use of AI is an impediment to targeting AI for Science policy ideas effectively.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"evidence gap impedes targeting policy","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"This evidence gap is an impediment to identifying the best AI for Science policy ideas and targeting them effectively.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-41/c434","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/7105218c1c3641cb","nativeRecordCid":"1dbf7199-50e8-4935-8f75-567ce7879b3d","documentId":"open-science-source-41","id":"c434","text":"Answers to questions about how scientists are using AI often come from fields such as economics or innovation studies.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"answers from economics or innovation studies","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Historically, answers to such questions often come from fields such as economics or innovation studies, but the results can [take years to arrive](https://www.aeaweb.org/articles?id=10.1257/jel.20221653).","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-41/c435","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/baa22ee2fcc24e07","nativeRecordCid":"02441a6f-a8f5-435e-970f-d0352dfd89c9","documentId":"open-science-source-41","id":"c435","text":"The results from fields such as economics or innovation studies can take years to arrive.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"results take years to arrive","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Historically, answers to such questions often come from fields such as economics or innovation studies, but the results can [take years to arrive](https://www.aeaweb.org/articles?id=10.1257/jel.20221653).","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-41/c436","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/b8b9b2e6bc654326","nativeRecordCid":"62e04cdf-d655-4b42-b53b-246972c3923d","documentId":"open-science-source-41","id":"c436","text":"Governments are investing in metascience capabilities to improve how they fund, share and evaluate science research.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"governments investing in metascience","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Governments are [also investing](https://www.nature.com/articles/d41586-024-02469-4#:~:text=The%20UK%20metascience%20unit%20was,as%20distributing%20and%20funding%20it.) in these *metascience* capabilities to improve how they fund, share and evaluate science research.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-41/c437","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/5d365f46fbeb435c","nativeRecordCid":"f8d795ae-862f-454f-9619-9d0e68280a00","documentId":"open-science-source-41","id":"c437","text":"Scientists could be tasked with a mission to rapidly assess foundational policy questions.","kind":"normative","modality":"may","actor":"scientists","subject":"scientists tasked with policy mission","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Building on this momentum, scientists could be tasked with a mission to rapidly assess foundational policy questions, including:","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-41/c438","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/a42b5d02521d45da","nativeRecordCid":"7d74c11a-933d-497c-b335-83b6fdee333b","documentId":"open-science-source-41","id":"c438","text":"This evidence base will arm policymakers with the foresight they need to anticipate how AI will transform science and society.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"evidence base foresight for policymakers","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Beyond informing robust policy responses, this evidence base will arm policymakers with the foresight they need to anticipate how AI will transform science and society, similar to the foresight they are developing for AI safety risks through the growing network of [AI Safety Institutes](https://www.aisi.gov.uk/).","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-41/c439","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/0095c33d423143b2","nativeRecordCid":"aa565ca5-ac44-4b5a-a81c-5b1b6162100e","documentId":"open-science-source-41","id":"c439","text":"Policymakers are developing foresight for AI safety risks through a growing network of AI Safety Institutes.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"AI Safety Institutes network","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Beyond informing robust policy responses, this evidence base will arm policymakers with the foresight they need to anticipate how AI will transform science and society, similar to the foresight they are developing for AI safety risks through the growing network of [AI Safety Institutes](https://www.aisi.gov.uk/).","representedInStars":false}
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{"key":"open-science-source-41/c442","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/2a7c6391c8874ad7","nativeRecordCid":"bedca797-04af-4ae5-9e5a-e10f9032b015","documentId":"open-science-source-41","id":"c442","text":"The rise of AI provides a forcing function to experiment with new types of institutions, from those with more freedom to pursue high-risk, high-reward research to Focused Research Organisations aimed at addressing specific bottlenecks, and from new types of interdisciplinary AI science institutes in priority domains to completely novel institutions.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"AI as forcing function for institutions","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The rise of AI provides a welcome forcing function to experiment with new types of institutions, from those with more freedom to pursue [high-risk, high-reward](https://www.aria.org.uk/) research, to Focused Research Organisations aimed at addressing specific bottlenecks. And from new types of [interdisciplinary AI science institutes](https://new.nsf.gov/news/nsf-announces-7-new-national-artificial) in priority domains such as climate or food security, to completely novel institutions that we are yet to imagine.","representedInStars":false}
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{"key":"open-science-source-42/c14","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/902d5ff9d4af42a2","nativeRecordCid":"f9f9624d-8607-4c3a-9d39-2c784f202731","documentId":"open-science-source-42","id":"c14","text":"Ongoing advancements in making AI systems more transparent and ethically aligned may overcome the challenges of AI's safe and rigorous use.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"advancements in AI transparency and ethics","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Yet, ongoing advancements in making AI systems more transparent and ethically aligned hold the promise of overcoming these challenges.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-42/c15","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/5026b361ae044fb3","nativeRecordCid":"3c18b8e2-85ea-4c9f-a145-3d44b935bd7a","documentId":"open-science-source-42","id":"c15","text":"Policies and practices should recognise the links between science and society.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"policies and practices","subject":"policies and practices","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"They also call for policies and practices that recognise the links between science and society, emphasising the need for ethical AI, equitable access to its benefits, and the importance of keeping public trust in scientific research.","representedInStars":false}
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{"key":"open-science-source-42/c20","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/e70cc9080ae54ae6","nativeRecordCid":"6401c221-f541-455f-9b06-d8072412f707","documentId":"open-science-source-42","id":"c20","text":"AI-driven scientific breakthroughs should benefit humanity.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"","subject":"AI-driven scientific breakthroughs","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"While it’s clear that AI can significantly aid scientific advancement, the goal remains to ensure these breakthroughs benefit humanity and the planet.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-42/c21","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/a7d11ef75ae04c6f","nativeRecordCid":"7238778a-2131-492f-8492-ef66d0ae1d51","documentId":"open-science-source-42","id":"c21","text":"AI-driven scientific breakthroughs should benefit the planet.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"","subject":"AI-driven scientific breakthroughs","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"While it’s clear that AI can significantly aid scientific advancement, the goal remains to ensure these breakthroughs benefit humanity and the planet.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-42/c22","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/e626521c510e47fe","nativeRecordCid":"68b68bf0-fef7-4162-a964-0ce7b3c22c49","documentId":"open-science-source-42","id":"c22","text":"AI has the potential to transform science.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"AI's potential","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"We hope this report inspires actors across the scientific ecosystem to engage with the recommendations and work towards a future where we can realise the potential of AI to transform science and benefit our collective wellbeing.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-42/c23","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/d2fe1fdd2bb04d7a","nativeRecordCid":"ce33ce12-1305-4de4-abe0-947a05d7629d","documentId":"open-science-source-42","id":"c23","text":"AI has the potential to benefit our collective wellbeing.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"AI's potential","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"We hope this report inspires actors across the scientific ecosystem to engage with the recommendations and work towards a future where we can realise the potential of AI to transform science and benefit our collective wellbeing.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-42/c24","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/cc74a9de30fe4686","nativeRecordCid":"0f423e8b-730a-4d9a-ac6c-f43b9cd74908","documentId":"open-science-source-42","id":"c24","text":"Society may be living through an inflection point due to the unprecedented speed and scale of progress with AI in recent years.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"AI progress and societal inflection point","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The unprecedented speed and scale of progress with artificial intelligence (AI) in recent years suggests society may be living through an inflection point.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-42/c25","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/dcdcc2ea21384933","nativeRecordCid":"32b9ffd7-0ee3-49ae-a0fc-08330089aa53","documentId":"open-science-source-42","id":"c25","text":"Platforms such as ChatGPT and Midjourney can generate human-like text and image content.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"ChatGPT and Midjourney","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The virality of platforms such as ChatGPT and Midjourney, which can generate human-like text and image content, has accelerated public interest in the field and raised flags for policymakers who have concerns about how AI-based technologies may be integrated into wider society.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-42/c26","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/eee4170cbcbb4cf8","nativeRecordCid":"1e45519b-0d37-454f-8123-f039ae712800","documentId":"open-science-source-42","id":"c26","text":"The virality of platforms such as ChatGPT and Midjourney has accelerated public interest in AI.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"virality of AI platforms","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The virality of platforms such as ChatGPT and Midjourney, which can generate human-like text and image content, has accelerated public interest in the field and raised flags for policymakers who have concerns about how AI-based technologies may be integrated into wider society.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-42/c27","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/8c41771cac6e42af","nativeRecordCid":"757f018e-5ebe-425d-a459-669583e60cf1","documentId":"open-science-source-42","id":"c27","text":"The virality of platforms such as ChatGPT and Midjourney has raised concerns for policymakers about how AI-based technologies may be integrated into wider society.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"virality of AI platforms","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The virality of platforms such as ChatGPT and Midjourney, which can generate human-like text and image content, has accelerated public interest in the field and raised flags for policymakers who have concerns about how AI-based technologies may be integrated into wider society.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-42/c28","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/249d4321b31843e9","nativeRecordCid":"bd4e8cea-cc4b-4fb7-a89d-67016360be78","documentId":"open-science-source-42","id":"c28","text":"Comments made by prominent computer scientists and public figures regarding the risks AI poses to humanity have transformed AI into a mainstream political issue.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"public commentary on AI risks","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Beyond this, comments made by prominent computer scientists and public figures regarding the risks AI poses to humanity have transformed the subject into a mainstream political issue.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-42/c29","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/5394071611ca4f88","nativeRecordCid":"9e367431-ea56-4fa8-a9ee-4a9c64e9a4b2","documentId":"open-science-source-42","id":"c29","text":"AI is not a novel topic for scientific researchers and has been adopted in some form for decades.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"AI use by scientific researchers","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"For scientific researchers, AI is not a novel topic and has been adopted in some form for decades.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-42/c30","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/146c161f5b504428","nativeRecordCid":"1b604fce-46d3-4fc4-b320-919761b40d6b","documentId":"open-science-source-42","id":"c30","text":"Increased investment, interest, and adoption of AI within academic and industry-led research has led to a 'deep learning revolution' that is transforming the landscape of scientific discovery.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"AI investment and the deep learning revolution","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"However, the increased investment, interest, and adoption within academic and industry-led research has led to a ‘deep learning revolution’[1] that is transforming the landscape of scientific discovery.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-42/c31","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/c770c60c98764b81","nativeRecordCid":"c61a6865-1a1c-422a-b89b-7c4e535ffdbb","documentId":"open-science-source-42","id":"c31","text":"AI-based techniques help identify new patterns and relationships in large datasets that would otherwise be too difficult to recognise.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"AI-based techniques and large datasets","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Enabled by the advent of big data (for instance, large and heterogenous forms of data gathered from telescopes, satellites, and other advanced sensors), AI-based techniques are helping to identify new patterns and relationships in large datasets which would otherwise be too difficult to recognise.","representedInStars":false}
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{"key":"open-science-source-42/c40","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/d344c6d5b63c4648","nativeRecordCid":"68ffe32f-52f7-4543-88bf-8609f02e4e72","documentId":"open-science-source-42","id":"c40","text":"Increased adoption of AI presents interdisciplinarity challenges, where limited collaboration between AI and non-AI disciplines can lead to a less rigorous uptake of AI across domains.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"challenges of increased AI adoption","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"These include reproducibility (in which other researchers cannot replicate experiments conducted using AI tools); interdisciplinarity (where limited collaboration between AI and non-AI disciplines can lead to a less rigorous uptake of AI across domains); and environmental costs (due to high energy consumption being required to operate large compute infrastructure).","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-42/c41","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/3b6d566fb4fa4b1d","nativeRecordCid":"ee75e5a3-702a-49cb-83e2-e6cd9658b057","documentId":"open-science-source-42","id":"c41","text":"Increased adoption of AI presents environmental costs due to the high energy consumption required to operate large compute infrastructure.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"challenges of increased AI adoption","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"These include reproducibility (in which other researchers cannot replicate experiments conducted using AI tools); interdisciplinarity (where limited collaboration between AI and non-AI disciplines can lead to a less rigorous uptake of AI across domains); and environmental costs (due to high energy consumption being required to operate large compute infrastructure).","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-42/c42","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/ad2d1d16d25146b4","nativeRecordCid":"6beabea2-5e02-4ab8-9a2f-d1af56ea351b","documentId":"open-science-source-42","id":"c42","text":"The blackbox nature of AI systems and the limited transparency of commercial models that power AI-based research create growing barriers to the effective adoption of open science principles.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"barriers to open science adoption","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"There are also growing barriers to the effective adoption of open science principles due to the blackbox nature of AI systems and the limited transparency of commercial models that power AI-based research.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-42/c43","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/82e937e1be4a4b5b","nativeRecordCid":"7a3db014-87f9-4785-a4d3-9417542527a5","documentId":"open-science-source-42","id":"c43","text":"Changing incentives across the scientific ecosystem may be increasing pressure on researchers to incorporate advanced AI techniques at the neglect of more conventional methodologies, or to be 'good at AI' rather than 'good at science'.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"changing incentives in the scientific ecosystem","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Furthermore, the changing incentives across the scientific ecosystem may be increasing pressure on researchers to incorporate advanced AI techniques at the neglect of more conventional methodologies, or to be ‘good at AI’ rather than ‘good at science’[2] .","representedInStars":false}
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{"key":"open-science-source-42/c45","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/b267476aa9544462","nativeRecordCid":"69e882d5-20a9-4b12-a2d2-cd47e2b6897b","documentId":"open-science-source-42","id":"c45","text":"Artificial neural networks are among the most prominent AI techniques across STEM fields.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"prominent AI techniques across STEM fields","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The most prominent AI techniques across STEM fields include artificial neural networks, deep learning, natural language processing and image recognition[5] .","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-42/c46","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/cf0ad36467f94874","nativeRecordCid":"ddc23df8-1f01-40b0-a62c-968d4ff61d9f","documentId":"open-science-source-42","id":"c46","text":"Deep learning is among the most prominent AI techniques across STEM fields.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"prominent AI techniques across STEM fields","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The most prominent AI techniques across STEM fields include artificial neural networks, deep learning, natural language processing and image recognition[5] .","representedInStars":false}
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{"key":"open-science-source-42/c53","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/966147e91a324c97","nativeRecordCid":"1384f0c4-0df9-4cf2-8e2d-9202c3464002","documentId":"open-science-source-42","id":"c53","text":"The heterogeneity of data collected from sensors presents difficulties for human annotation.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"heterogeneity of sensor data","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The heterogeneity of data collected from sensor data also presents difficulties for human annotation and standardisation, while the training of AI models on biased inputs can likely lead to biased outputs.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-42/c54","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/75be4ed9835842fd","nativeRecordCid":"ea7bd313-2e25-4fa0-8053-6c1f82883c26","documentId":"open-science-source-42","id":"c54","text":"The heterogeneity of data collected from sensors presents difficulties for standardisation.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"heterogeneity of sensor data","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The heterogeneity of data collected from sensor data also presents difficulties for human annotation and standardisation, while the training of AI models on biased inputs can likely lead to biased outputs.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-42/c55","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/aabb0bb622d34b64","nativeRecordCid":"a612296f-52bf-491d-84e6-0c2b4cd3c500","documentId":"open-science-source-42","id":"c55","text":"Training AI models on biased inputs can likely lead to biased outputs.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"training AI models on biased inputs","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The heterogeneity of data collected from sensor data also presents difficulties for human annotation and standardisation, while the training of AI models on biased inputs can likely lead to biased outputs.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-42/c56","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/cc357ebbac3a4567","nativeRecordCid":"f01542b3-54a9-458f-9de6-a8df0432c9cc","documentId":"open-science-source-42","id":"c56","text":"Data curators and information managers are essential to maintain data quality and address risks linked to artificial data generation.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"data curators and information managers","subject":"data curators and information managers","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Given these challenges, data curators and information managers are essential to maintain quality and address risks linked to artificial data generation, such as data fabrication, poisoning, or contamination.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-42/c57","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/d194e60f9be94b16","nativeRecordCid":"eabbf20b-f738-47d4-bc72-972e7a7451fd","documentId":"open-science-source-42","id":"c57","text":"Industry and academic institutions are advancing AI innovation for scientific research.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"industry and academic institutions","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Industry and academic institutions are advancing AI innovation for scientific research[6] .","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-42/c58","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/f3e33bd13f2f4a9e","nativeRecordCid":"043f4433-14c4-4ad4-bf31-8932498d8ec2","documentId":"open-science-source-42","id":"c58","text":"Companies such as Alphabet, Siemens, IBM, and Samsung exhibit considerable influence across scientific and engineering fields.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"major technology companies","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Companies such as Alphabet, Siemens, IBM, and Samsung appear to exhibit considerable influence across scientific and engineering fields.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-42/c59","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/a27226f2519b4ff5","nativeRecordCid":"16b3f40d-d78e-4387-ab58-98cbdda10d11","documentId":"open-science-source-42","id":"c59","text":"The black-box, and potentially proprietary, nature of AI tools is limiting the reproducibility of AI-based research.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"black-box nature of AI tools","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The black-box, and potentially proprietary, nature of AI tools is limiting the reproducibility of AI-based research.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-42/c60","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/b82b3c4fa8624e97","nativeRecordCid":"e7e19d69-2f0e-463e-8370-711de553d373","documentId":"open-science-source-42","id":"c60","text":"Barriers such as insufficient documentation, limited access to essential infrastructures, and a lack of explainability make it difficult for independent researchers to scrutinise, verify and replicate experiments.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"barriers to reproducibility of AI research","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Barriers such as insufficient documentation, limited access to essential infrastructures (eg code, data, and computing power) and a lack of understanding of how AI tools reach their conclusions (explainability) make it difficult for independent researchers to scrutinise, verify and replicate experiments.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-42/c61","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/0690137d7ac9436c","nativeRecordCid":"f66ebbaa-64c0-45ff-b1a9-91383c76f91b","documentId":"open-science-source-42","id":"c61","text":"The significant potential to advance discoveries using complex deep learning models may encourage scientists or funders to prioritise AI use over rigour.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"potential of deep learning models","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The significant potential to advance discoveries using complex deep learning models may also encourage scientists or funders to prioritise AI use over rigour.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-42/c62","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/549bb502253a43ea","nativeRecordCid":"cf62ed73-4027-4a6d-98a8-0b8f261d1794","documentId":"open-science-source-42","id":"c62","text":"The adoption of open science principles and practices could help address the challenges of AI-based research.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"adoption of open science principles","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The adoption of open science principles and practices could help address these challenges and enhance scientific integrity[8] .","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-42/c63","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/327bce33eb404811","nativeRecordCid":"75af6111-aca1-497e-b595-ae5417bf95bd","documentId":"open-science-source-42","id":"c63","text":"The adoption of open science principles and practices could help enhance scientific integrity.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"adoption of open science principles","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The adoption of open science principles and practices could help address these challenges and enhance scientific integrity[8] .","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-42/c64","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/c6257663d29f406c","nativeRecordCid":"f35d70ab-2b05-4678-8170-4ccfd506214f","documentId":"open-science-source-42","id":"c64","text":"Interdisciplinary collaboration is essential to bridge skill gaps and optimise the benefits of AI in scientific research.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"","subject":"interdisciplinary collaboration","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Interdisciplinary collaboration is essential to bridge skill gaps and optimise the benefits of AI in scientific research.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-42/c65","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/44c704db17a24d15","nativeRecordCid":"56efff35-041a-4f4a-a663-a29b98444ba3","documentId":"open-science-source-42","id":"c65","text":"Collaboration between AI and domain subject experts, by sharing knowledge and skills from each other's fields, can help produce more effective and accurate AI models.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"collaboration between AI and domain experts","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"By sharing knowledge and skills from each other’s fields, collaboration between AI and domain subject experts (including researchers from the arts, humanities, and social sciences) can help produce more effective and accurate AI models.","representedInStars":false}
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{"key":"open-science-source-42/c67","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/02e10f5277ce48b2","nativeRecordCid":"0f177bc6-591a-437b-9a6d-0388c90a8c83","documentId":"open-science-source-42","id":"c67","text":"Generative AI tools can assist the advancement of scientific research.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"generative AI tools","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Generative AI tools can assist the advancement of scientific research.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-42/c68","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/fab3a6b7c3654ca1","nativeRecordCid":"7d27e101-67ea-4022-b4fb-a94d24c428a8","documentId":"open-science-source-42","id":"c68","text":"Generative AI tools hold promise for expediting the processing of unstructured data.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"generative AI tools","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"They hold promise for expediting routine scientific tasks, such as processing unstructured data, solving complex coding challenges, or supporting the multilingual translation of academic articles.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-42/c69","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/6abd3d32eb254983","nativeRecordCid":"d0da74dc-8d5d-4ca2-9764-b5257fae8616","documentId":"open-science-source-42","id":"c69","text":"Generative AI tools hold promise for expediting the solving of complex coding challenges.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"generative AI tools","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"They hold promise for expediting routine scientific tasks, such as processing unstructured data, solving complex coding challenges, or supporting the multilingual translation of academic articles.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-42/c70","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/b4559aad7db74b0b","nativeRecordCid":"b27ef117-6364-4d3d-abcc-ced57a8b281d","documentId":"open-science-source-42","id":"c70","text":"Generative AI tools hold promise for expediting the multilingual translation of academic articles.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"generative AI tools","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"They hold promise for expediting routine scientific tasks, such as processing unstructured data, solving complex coding challenges, or supporting the multilingual translation of academic articles.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-42/c71","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/919d618b410d4a77","nativeRecordCid":"410cafb5-91e6-4610-85d4-a1be346f5387","documentId":"open-science-source-42","id":"c71","text":"There may be a place for text-generation models to be used for academic and non-academic written tasks.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"text-generation models","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"In addition, there may be a place for text-generation models to be used for academic and non-academic written tasks, with potential implications for scholarly communications and research assessment.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-42/c72","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/23d11ebbad494f95","nativeRecordCid":"28eb9142-f4cb-40e4-9a18-eb0a7ca30985","documentId":"open-science-source-42","id":"c72","text":"The use of text-generation models for written tasks has potential implications for scholarly communications.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"text-generation models","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"In addition, there may be a place for text-generation models to be used for academic and non-academic written tasks, with potential implications for scholarly communications and research assessment.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-42/c73","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/30c12aa3ffa34a51","nativeRecordCid":"82133d9b-df05-4c3d-9eb5-017745ca6ffd","documentId":"open-science-source-42","id":"c73","text":"The use of text-generation models for written tasks has potential implications for research assessment.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"text-generation models","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"In addition, there may be a place for text-generation models to be used for academic and non-academic written tasks, with potential implications for scholarly communications and research assessment.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-42/c74","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/f173cf4c8d3944b4","nativeRecordCid":"352271e0-17fc-4e41-a653-a05b284ed264","documentId":"open-science-source-42","id":"c74","text":"Funders and academic institutions are setting norms to prevent non-desirable uses of AI.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"funders and academic institutions","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"In response, funders and academic institutions are setting norms to prevent non-desirable uses[9,10] .","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-42/c75","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/5d10d7c62033429a","nativeRecordCid":"e7e0c0eb-cf79-478a-8cc4-4215a5d78448","documentId":"open-science-source-42","id":"c75","text":"Governments, research funders and AI developers should improve access to essential AI infrastructures.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"Governments, research funders and AI developers","subject":"access to essential AI infrastructures","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Governments, research funders and AI developers should improve access to essential AI infrastructures","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-42/c76","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/7e4c8c33f1e042f7","nativeRecordCid":"08a17ce3-7747-432a-b5bb-a393ca69faac","documentId":"open-science-source-42","id":"c76","text":"Access to computing resources has been critical for major scientific breakthroughs.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"access to computing resources","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"## Access to computing resources has been\n\ncritical for major scientific breakthroughs, such as protein folding with AlphaFold.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-42/c77","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/49c01c12c6f749a4","nativeRecordCid":"8baa413d-10b5-4428-bcce-79ea22e30abf","documentId":"open-science-source-42","id":"c77","text":"Compute power and data infrastructures for AI research are not equally accessible or distributed across research communities.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"compute power and data infrastructures","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Despite this, compute power and data infrastructures for AI research are not equally accessible or distributed across research communities[11] .","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-42/c78","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/d1a8df76d9ce4b1e","nativeRecordCid":"b2e7e6ac-e27e-4849-a468-3b7ce6357d7c","documentId":"open-science-source-42","id":"c78","text":"Scientists from diverse disciplines must have access to infrastructure to adopt more complex AI techniques, process higher volume and types of data, and ensure quality in AI-based research.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"","subject":"access to infrastructure for scientists","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Scientists from diverse disciplines require access to infrastructure to adopt more complex AI techniques, process higher volume and types of data, and ensure quality in AI-based research.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-42/c79","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/a7e63948f5354fb7","nativeRecordCid":"d32dd473-0bca-4dbd-bbcb-ea7b3a3675c0","documentId":"open-science-source-42","id":"c79","text":"Proposals to improve access to AI infrastructure have included institutions sponsoring access to supercomputing.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"proposals to improve access","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Proposals to improve access have\n\nincluded institutions sponsoring access to supercomputing[12] and the establishment of regional hubs – akin to a CERN for AI[13] .","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-42/c80","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/e2e2c01ece0541f3","nativeRecordCid":"5cb89000-a0a3-4d6d-8a58-d72774cfabaf","documentId":"open-science-source-42","id":"c80","text":"Proposals to improve access to AI infrastructure have included the establishment of regional hubs akin to a CERN for AI.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"proposals to improve access","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Proposals to improve access have\n\nincluded institutions sponsoring access to supercomputing[12] and the establishment of regional hubs – akin to a CERN for AI[13] .","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-42/c81","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/2b10907b628b47f3","nativeRecordCid":"19f5b646-048c-4b4f-8207-ae60c39e1a05","documentId":"open-science-source-42","id":"c81","text":"Wider access to AI infrastructure can extend the benefits of AI to a greater number of disciplines.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"wider access to AI infrastructure","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Wider access can extend the benefits of AI to a greater number of disciplines, improve the competitiveness of non-industry researchers, and contribute towards more rigorous science by enabling reproducibility at scale.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-42/c82","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/d58814804f4a4586","nativeRecordCid":"ecf00a82-fd95-47c0-8baa-cecb901dfd52","documentId":"open-science-source-42","id":"c82","text":"Wider access to AI infrastructure can improve the competitiveness of non-industry researchers.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"wider access to AI infrastructure","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Wider access can extend the benefits of AI to a greater number of disciplines, improve the competitiveness of non-industry researchers, and contribute towards more rigorous science by enabling reproducibility at scale.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-42/c83","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/8ee51689eb954e6c","nativeRecordCid":"801e22a9-5c67-44a3-b352-38e5402e2b4a","documentId":"open-science-source-42","id":"c83","text":"Wider access to AI infrastructure can contribute towards more rigorous science by enabling reproducibility at scale.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"wider access to AI infrastructure","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Wider access can extend the benefits of AI to a greater number of disciplines, improve the competitiveness of non-industry researchers, and contribute towards more rigorous science by enabling reproducibility at scale.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-42/c84","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/ce08a4c8f0ca46ab","nativeRecordCid":"5743d0ce-af7c-4397-be0c-b18618200f24","documentId":"open-science-source-42","id":"c84","text":"Expanding access to computing must be informed by environmentally sustainable computational science (ESCS) best practices, including the measurement and reporting of environmental impacts.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"","subject":"expanding access to computing","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Expanding access to computing must also be informed by environmentally sustainable computational science (ESCS) best practices, including the measurement and reporting of environmental impacts[14] .","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-42/c85","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/ff8071e9c3b44cc7","nativeRecordCid":"a38eeb40-f5d5-469e-823d-4fa07f8c0190","documentId":"open-science-source-42","id":"c85","text":"Funders, industry partners, and research institutions with computing facilities should actively share essential AI infrastructures such as high-performance computing power and data resources.","kind":"normative","modality":"may","actor":"Funders, industry partners, and research institutions with computing facilities","subject":"sharing essential AI infrastructure","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Funders, industry partners, and research institutions with computing facilities actively sharing essential AI infrastructures such as high-performance computing power and data resources.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-42/c86","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/474f8dd760d54808","nativeRecordCid":"5d2a47e9-808c-4ccb-bbde-2231df909d8e","documentId":"open-science-source-42","id":"c86","text":"Relevant stakeholders such as government agencies, research institutions, industry, and international organisations should ensure access to high-quality datasets and interoperable data infrastructures across sectors and regions, including by advancing access to sensitive data through privacy enhancing technologies and trusted research environments.","kind":"normative","modality":"may","actor":"Relevant stakeholders (eg government agencies, research institutions, industry, and international organisations)","subject":"access to datasets and data infrastructures","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Relevant stakeholders (eg government agencies, research institutions, industry, and international organisations) ensuring access to high-quality datasets and interoperable data infrastructures across sectors and regions. This could involve advancing access to sensitive data through privacy enhancing technologies and trusted research environments[15] .","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-42/c87","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/829258dfa7834c79","nativeRecordCid":"0923d5fa-54c4-4033-a66b-30f544ef9545","documentId":"open-science-source-42","id":"c87","text":"Research funders should support strategies to monitor and mitigate the environmental impact associated with increased computational demands.","kind":"normative","modality":"may","actor":"Research funders","subject":"environmental impact of computational demands","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Research funders supporting strategies to monitor and mitigate the environmental impact associated with increased computational demands and advancing the principle of energy proportionality in AI applications[16] .","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-42/c88","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/189ceb4db7274e62","nativeRecordCid":"3a076ffb-e234-46b6-9066-48e8ed742e45","documentId":"open-science-source-42","id":"c88","text":"Research funders should support advancing the principle of energy proportionality in AI applications.","kind":"normative","modality":"may","actor":"Research funders","subject":"energy proportionality in AI applications","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Research funders supporting strategies to monitor and mitigate the environmental impact associated with increased computational demands and advancing the principle of energy proportionality in AI applications[16] .","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-42/c89","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/f2f4eba889734b95","nativeRecordCid":"3a3cedd1-5bb8-483b-b067-e33758f25cf0","documentId":"open-science-source-42","id":"c89","text":"Funders and AI developers should prioritise accessibility and usability of AI tools developed for scientific research.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"Funders and AI developers","subject":"accessibility and usability of AI tools","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Funders and AI developers should prioritise accessibility and usability of AI tools developed for scientific research","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-42/c90","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/3a4a7a7243284654","nativeRecordCid":"517272f1-43a7-4828-80da-0aa0e0a90165","documentId":"open-science-source-42","id":"c90","text":"Access to AI does not guarantee its meaningful and responsible use.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"access to AI","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Access to AI does not guarantee its meaningful and responsible use.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-42/c91","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/fc7e44d81c3644af","nativeRecordCid":"3e3fa331-e2f4-4702-8228-791ce49b1c8c","documentId":"open-science-source-42","id":"c91","text":"Complex and high-performance AI tools and methods can be challenging for researchers from non-AI backgrounds to adopt and utilise effectively.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"complex and high-performance AI tools","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Complex and highperformance AI tools and methods can be challenging for researchers from non-AI backgrounds to adopt and utilise effectively[17] .","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-42/c92","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/f25b014ebe76429e","nativeRecordCid":"2c9d8fd3-d957-4039-9ccd-f55d6ead5763","documentId":"open-science-source-42","id":"c92","text":"New skills are needed across the AI lifecycle, such as data scientists who understand the importance of metadata and data curation, or engineers who are familiar with GPU programming for image-based processing.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"","subject":"skills across the AI lifecycle","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Similarly, new skills are needed across the AI lifecycle, such as data scientists who understand the importance of metadata and data curation, or engineers who are familiar with GPU programming for image-based processing.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-42/c93","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/e8cd64599dcd4806","nativeRecordCid":"f14f7272-f9e6-4a40-ab08-6bc48af6a718","documentId":"open-science-source-42","id":"c93","text":"Taking steps to improve the usability of AI-based tools should involve mechanisms that make AI understandable for non-AI experts.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"","subject":"usability of AI-based tools","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Taking steps to improve the usability of AIbased tools (eg software applications, libraries, APIs, or general AI systems) should therefore involve a combination of mechanisms that make AI understandable for non-AI experts and build their capacity to use AI responsibly.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-42/c94","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/ac36c2d8465c4271","nativeRecordCid":"8a027a1f-c69e-4419-a096-644994c891df","documentId":"open-science-source-42","id":"c94","text":"Taking steps to improve the usability of AI-based tools should involve mechanisms that build the capacity of non-AI experts to use AI responsibly.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"","subject":"usability of AI-based tools","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Taking steps to improve the usability of AIbased tools (eg software applications, libraries, APIs, or general AI systems) should therefore involve a combination of mechanisms that make AI understandable for non-AI experts and build their capacity to use AI responsibly.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-42/c95","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/0b83dd1e15ef4876","nativeRecordCid":"5af4b379-446a-433e-a595-05140cfca3ab","documentId":"open-science-source-42","id":"c95","text":"Training should ensure that every scientist is able to recognise when they require specialised data or programming expertise in their teams, or when the use of complex and opaque AI techniques could undermine the integrity and quality of results.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"training","subject":"scientist recognition of expertise needs","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"For example, training should ensure that every scientist is able to recognise when they require specialised data or programming expertise in their teams, or when the use of complex and opaque AI techniques could undermine the integrity and quality of results.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-42/c96","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/5cc64a6fff354e29","nativeRecordCid":"12a55d52-b614-42a9-a01e-388d40cd88da","documentId":"open-science-source-42","id":"c96","text":"Improving usability can enhance the role of non-AI scientists as co-designers who can ensure AI tools meet the needs of the scientific community.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"non-AI scientists as co-designers","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Improving usability can also enhance the role of non-AI scientists as co-designers[18] – as opposed to passive users – who can ensure AI tools meet the needs of the scientific community.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-42/c97","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/73923ff31b38465e","nativeRecordCid":"11b805d5-3681-4dff-9211-5126d37efe60","documentId":"open-science-source-42","id":"c97","text":"Creating conditions for codesign requires bridging disciplinary siloes between AI and domain experts through the development of shared languages, modes of working, and tools.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"","subject":"conditions for codesign","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Creating conditions for codesign requires bridging disciplinary siloes between AI and domain experts through the development of shared languages, modes of working, and tools.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-42/c98","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/9419efb8f7784c18","nativeRecordCid":"7ee0f327-af74-4524-9bb9-a96ac83cbc7b","documentId":"open-science-source-42","id":"c98","text":"Research institutions and training centres should establish AI literacy curriculums across scientific fields to build researchers' capacity to understand the opportunities, limitations, and adequacy of AI-based tools within their fields and research contexts.","kind":"normative","modality":"may","actor":"Research institutions and training centres","subject":"AI literacy curriculums","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Research institutions and training centres establishing AI literacy curriculums across scientific fields to build researchers’ capacity to understand the opportunities, limitations, and adequacy of AI-based tools within their fields and research contexts.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-42/c99","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/16df0913686c4009","nativeRecordCid":"357747a4-1674-4a9b-865b-a5d7fce786e9","documentId":"open-science-source-42","id":"c99","text":"Research institutions and training centres should establish comprehensive data literacy curriculums tailored to the specific needs of AI applications in scientific research, involving building capacity for data management, curation, and stewardship, as well as implementation of data principles such as FAIR and CARE.","kind":"normative","modality":"may","actor":"Research institutions and training centres","subject":"data literacy curriculums","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Research institutions and training centres establishing comprehensive data literacy curriculums tailored to the specific needs of AI applications in scientific research. This involves building capacity for data management, curation, and stewardship, as well as implementation of data principles such as FAIR (Findable, Accessible, Interoperable, and Reusable) and CARE (Collective benefit, Authority to control, Responsibility, and Ethics)[19] .","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-42/c100","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/d415dcccb32e4418","nativeRecordCid":"b03c4169-aa76-496a-b4a0-886e29404854","documentId":"open-science-source-42","id":"c100","text":"Research funders and AI developers should invest in strategies that improve understanding and usability of AI for non-AI experts, with a focus on complex and opaque models.","kind":"normative","modality":"may","actor":"Research funders and AI developers","subject":"understanding and usability of AI","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Research funders and AI developers investing in strategies that improve understanding and usability of AI for non-AI experts, with a focus on complex and opaque models[20] .","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-42/c101","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/ae4f2c6ebfb74581","nativeRecordCid":"826807ca-5fbd-4e56-8ed1-b63066c00913","documentId":"open-science-source-42","id":"c101","text":"Research funders and AI developers may conduct further research on domain-specific explainable AI (XAI).","kind":"normative","modality":"may","actor":"Research funders and AI developers","subject":"domain-specific explainable AI","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"This can include further research on domain-specific explainable AI (XAI) or accessible AI tools that enhance access in resourceconstrained research environments[21] .","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-42/c102","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/9a4babc1a4364b38","nativeRecordCid":"eab7f551-d2ab-44ac-9524-a820f80c0219","documentId":"open-science-source-42","id":"c102","text":"Research funders and AI developers may develop accessible AI tools that enhance access in resource-constrained research environments.","kind":"normative","modality":"may","actor":"Research funders and AI developers","subject":"accessible AI tools","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"This can include further research on domain-specific explainable AI (XAI) or accessible AI tools that enhance access in resourceconstrained research environments[21] .","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-42/c103","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/83be926c40ea44d2","nativeRecordCid":"a072e41e-eba2-488e-aeba-d827ee41eff8","documentId":"open-science-source-42","id":"c103","text":"Research institutions, research funders, and scientific journals should implement mechanisms to facilitate knowledge translation across domains.","kind":"normative","modality":"may","actor":"Research institutions, research funders, and scientific journals","subject":"knowledge translation across domains","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Research institutions, research funders, and scientific journals implementing mechanisms to facilitate knowledge translation across domains and meaningful collaboration across disciplines.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-42/c104","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/00418715ee174856","nativeRecordCid":"948192ae-e681-44d6-80d6-f45fa4229311","documentId":"open-science-source-42","id":"c104","text":"Research institutions, research funders, and scientific journals should implement mechanisms to facilitate meaningful collaboration across disciplines.","kind":"normative","modality":"may","actor":"Research institutions, research funders, and scientific journals","subject":"collaboration across disciplines","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Research institutions, research funders, and scientific journals implementing mechanisms to facilitate knowledge translation across domains and meaningful collaboration across disciplines.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-42/c105","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/52f6744dcce146ae","nativeRecordCid":"c8d8c49e-34fb-4819-823f-4e2ceb7b3901","documentId":"open-science-source-42","id":"c105","text":"Facilitating knowledge translation and collaboration across disciplines requires a combination of cross-discipline training, mentorship, publication outlets and funding.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"","subject":"knowledge translation and collaboration","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"This requires a combination of cross-discipline training, mentorship, publication outlets and funding (eg through bodies such as the UKRI’s Cross-Council Remit Agreement that governs interdisciplinary research proposals)[22] .","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-42/c106","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/1f643eecab46489c","nativeRecordCid":"f3c8f2f7-0e0b-42ae-aaa4-3ed5d8313297","documentId":"open-science-source-42","id":"c106","text":"Research funders and scientific communities should ensure that AI-based research meets open science principles and practices to facilitate AI's benefits in science.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"Research funders and scientific communities","subject":"AI-based research and open science","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Research funders and scientific communities should ensure that AI-based research meets open science principles and practices to facilitate AI’s benefits in science.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-42/c107","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/cbdb84f5812f4041","nativeRecordCid":"efdbc375-a292-4031-9d5f-ad9a20628412","documentId":"open-science-source-42","id":"c107","text":"A growing body of irreproducible AI and machine learning-based studies are raising concerns regarding the soundness of AI-based discoveries.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"irreproducible AI and ML studies","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"A growing body of irreproducible AI and machine learning (ML)-based studies are raising concerns regarding the soundness of AI-based discoveries[23,24] .","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-42/c108","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/d03d62dda8d048fd","nativeRecordCid":"9256a8df-af65-446b-9112-205ef9696a91","documentId":"open-science-source-42","id":"c108","text":"Scientists are facing challenges to improve the reproducibility of their AI-based work.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"reproducibility of AI-based work","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"However, scientists are facing challenges to improve the reproducibility of their AI-based work.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-42/c109","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/6190bda44c744503","nativeRecordCid":"c6379dc1-514c-4f95-af86-4d0bc10633bd","documentId":"open-science-source-42","id":"c109","text":"Insufficient documentation released around methods, code, data, or computational environments is a challenge to improving the reproducibility of AI-based work.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"documentation of AI-based work","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"These include insufficient documentation released around methods, code, data, or computational environments[25] ; limited access to computing to validate complex ML models[26] ; and limited rewards for the implementation of open science practices[27] .","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-42/c110","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/f164c39615b74f6d","nativeRecordCid":"ac8bef90-8477-4967-8d7b-6352f746a63a","documentId":"open-science-source-42","id":"c110","text":"Limited access to computing to validate complex ML models is a challenge to improving the reproducibility of AI-based work.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"access to computing to validate models","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"These include insufficient documentation released around methods, code, data, or computational environments[25] ; limited access to computing to validate complex ML models[26] ; and limited rewards for the implementation of open science practices[27] .","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-42/c111","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/adbfe03a979540f7","nativeRecordCid":"51b49c64-6372-4f0a-bc27-04de00928a0c","documentId":"open-science-source-42","id":"c111","text":"Limited rewards for the implementation of open science practices are a challenge to improving the reproducibility of AI-based work.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"rewards for open science practices","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"These include insufficient documentation released around methods, code, data, or computational environments[25] ; limited access to computing to validate complex ML models[26] ; and limited rewards for the implementation of open science practices[27] .","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-42/c112","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/8d6c47ae6d874ea2","nativeRecordCid":"8c3376bd-1b72-43a3-b491-3cae86a90939","documentId":"open-science-source-42","id":"c112","text":"The deployment of unreliable or untrustworthy AI-based outputs, if it leads to harmful outcomes, poses risks to science and to society.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"deployment of unreliable AI outputs","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"This poses risks not only to science, but also to society, if the deployment of unreliable or untrustworthy AI-based outputs leads to harmful outcomes[28] .","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-42/c113","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/cf8fcce4fd344ae8","nativeRecordCid":"0adf0b26-f057-4e7e-976f-c33990357e70","documentId":"open-science-source-42","id":"c113","text":"AI in science can benefit from following open science principles and practices.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"AI in science and open science","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"To address these challenges, AI in science can benefit from following open science principles and practices.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-42/c114","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/14079d03f3094bcb","nativeRecordCid":"c7af0304-3267-4b01-beaa-14e46e663ae9","documentId":"open-science-source-42","id":"c114","text":"The UNESCO Recommendation on Open Science offers relevant guidelines to improve scientific rigour.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"UNESCO Recommendation on Open Science","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"For example, the UNESCO Recommendation on Open Science[29] offers relevant guidelines to improve scientific rigour, while noting that there is not a one-size-fits-all approach to practising openness across sectors and regions.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-42/c115","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/cbd4f095301e4ec5","nativeRecordCid":"251600bd-3c7d-4a6a-a8f6-b66b816b40b2","documentId":"open-science-source-42","id":"c115","text":"There is not a one-size-fits-all approach to practising openness across sectors and regions.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"practising openness across sectors","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"For example, the UNESCO Recommendation on Open Science[29] offers relevant guidelines to improve scientific rigour, while noting that there is not a one-size-fits-all approach to practising openness across sectors and regions.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-42/c116","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/b86dc78e4e65480f","nativeRecordCid":"167bb5a5-10fb-452d-93b3-0b4dbf56b0d7","documentId":"open-science-source-42","id":"c116","text":"There is a growing tendency towards adopting 'gradual' open models that pair the open release of models and data with the implementation of detailed guidance and guardrails against credible risks.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"gradual open models","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"This aligns well with the growing tendency towards adopting ‘gradual’ open models that pair the open release of models and data with the implementation of detailed guidance and guardrails to credible risks[30] .","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-42/c117","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/43e996f4d5374967","nativeRecordCid":"f904ff57-be7e-4b4e-be7f-9e9b9581ac39","documentId":"open-science-source-42","id":"c117","text":"Open science principles can contribute towards more equitable access to the benefits of AI.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"open science principles","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Open science principles can also contribute towards more equitable access to the benefits of AI and to building the capacity of a broader range of experts to contribute to its applications for science.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-42/c118","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/935c48f09f714bf9","nativeRecordCid":"23bbf122-ddd8-48c4-8786-fd8f48262d30","documentId":"open-science-source-42","id":"c118","text":"Open science principles can contribute towards building the capacity of a broader range of experts to contribute to AI's applications for science.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"open science principles","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Open science principles can also contribute towards more equitable access to the benefits of AI and to building the capacity of a broader range of experts to contribute to its applications for science.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-42/c119","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/a1fd831c81114483","nativeRecordCid":"0f7bcf3a-4ed6-45dc-abe6-a69fe32b6607","documentId":"open-science-source-42","id":"c119","text":"Further work is needed to understand the interactions between open science and AI for science.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"","subject":"interactions between open science and AI","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Further work is needed to understand the interactions between open science and AI for science, as well as how to minimise safety and security risks stemming from the open release of models and data.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-42/c120","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/45f85542623f40e8","nativeRecordCid":"2fd85c3d-f912-42a8-a55a-7d61b55a0bcc","documentId":"open-science-source-42","id":"c120","text":"Further work is needed to understand how to minimise safety and security risks stemming from the open release of models and data.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"","subject":"safety and security risks from open release","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Further work is needed to understand the interactions between open science and AI for science, as well as how to minimise safety and security risks stemming from the open release of models and data.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-42/c121","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/ddfad4042092436f","nativeRecordCid":"4d40b28e-d6fb-4683-a000-c3cd9743acd2","documentId":"open-science-source-42","id":"c121","text":"Research funders and research institutions should incentivise the adoption of open science principles and practices to improve reproducibility of AI-based research.","kind":"normative","modality":"may","actor":"Research funders and research institutions","subject":"adoption of open science principles","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Research funders and research institutions incentivising the adoption of open science principles and practices to improve reproducibility of AI-based research.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-42/c122","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/e251bae141da4394","nativeRecordCid":"fa25d0df-4126-4db4-ac90-b5250fdf030a","documentId":"open-science-source-42","id":"c122","text":"Research institutions and journals should reward and recognise open science practices in career progression opportunities.","kind":"normative","modality":"may","actor":"Research institutions and journals","subject":"open science practices in career progression","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Research institutions and journals rewarding and recognising open science practices in career progression opportunities.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-42/c123","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/9dbcbfc89bb843f6","nativeRecordCid":"4cf972a6-c88e-4d2a-bf2f-bb4997cf51c8","documentId":"open-science-source-42","id":"c123","text":"Research funders, research institutions and industry actors should incentivise international collaboration by investing in open science infrastructures, tools, and practices.","kind":"normative","modality":"may","actor":"Research funders, research institutions and industry actors","subject":"international collaboration via open science","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Research funders, research institutions and industry actors incentivising international collaboration by investing in open science infrastructures, tools, and practices.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-42/c124","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/464d4c1481074556","nativeRecordCid":"993e2e82-3474-4e41-bcb1-7326d137b9bc","documentId":"open-science-source-42","id":"c124","text":"Context-aware documentation that enables the local adaptation of AI models across research environments may contribute towards the inclusion of underrepresented research communities and scientists working in low-resource contexts.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"context-aware documentation","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The latter may also contribute towards the inclusion of underrepresented research communities and scientists working in low-resource contexts.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-42/c125","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/751f303f5ee14334","nativeRecordCid":"8348b881-c363-4da2-bf29-24faacb0f8ec","documentId":"open-science-source-42","id":"c125","text":"Relevant policy makers should consider ways of deterring the development of closed ecosystems for AI in science, for example by mandating the responsible release of benchmarks, training data, and methodologies used in research led by industry.","kind":"normative","modality":"may","actor":"Relevant policy makers","subject":"closed ecosystems for AI in science","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Relevant policy makers considering ways of deterring the development of closed ecosystems for AI in science by, for example, mandating the responsible release of benchmarks, training data, and methodologies used in research led by industry.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-42/c126","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/46af1e2f55ec48b1","nativeRecordCid":"6ea7d4f3-cf41-4e77-b1dc-63f4f7909822","documentId":"open-science-source-42","id":"c126","text":"Scientific communities should build the capacity to oversee AI systems used in science.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"Scientific communities","subject":"oversight of AI systems","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Scientific communities should build the capacity to oversee AI systems used in science and ensure their ethical use for the public good","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-42/c127","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/1a1554eacd0d41ae","nativeRecordCid":"0b3f4f12-1169-4292-abb1-acaa237588d6","documentId":"open-science-source-42","id":"c127","text":"Scientific communities should ensure the ethical use of AI systems used in science for the public good.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"Scientific communities","subject":"ethical use of AI systems","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Scientific communities should build the capacity to oversee AI systems used in science and ensure their ethical use for the public good","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-42/c128","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/6311658eac934075","nativeRecordCid":"fbd799f2-c46b-476c-b660-a4d4733a3386","documentId":"open-science-source-42","id":"c128","text":"The application of AI across scientific domains requires careful consideration of potential risks and misuse cases.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"","subject":"application of AI across scientific domains","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The application of AI across scientific domains requires careful consideration of potential risks and misuse cases.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-42/c129","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/e9a86fa437914f9e","nativeRecordCid":"978e2f1e-2239-42a4-b9a3-64dcd709ceae","documentId":"open-science-source-42","id":"c129","text":"The application of AI across scientific domains can involve the risk of data bias.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"risks of applying AI in science","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"These can include the impact of data bias[33] , data poisoning[34] , the spread of scientific misinformation[35,36] , and the malicious repurposing of AI models[37] .","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-42/c130","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/4694d01484384d65","nativeRecordCid":"f3c6e2be-17a2-47ea-99a0-63b8397536e7","documentId":"open-science-source-42","id":"c130","text":"The application of AI across scientific domains can involve the risk of data poisoning.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"risks of applying AI in science","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"These can include the impact of data bias[33] , data poisoning[34] , the spread of scientific misinformation[35,36] , and the malicious repurposing of AI models[37] .","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-42/c131","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/128e11591a914ae7","nativeRecordCid":"aec621eb-9787-4800-97a7-f6da052c80b5","documentId":"open-science-source-42","id":"c131","text":"The application of AI across scientific domains can involve the risk of the spread of scientific misinformation.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"risks of applying AI in science","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"These can include the impact of data bias[33] , data poisoning[34] , the spread of scientific misinformation[35,36] , and the malicious repurposing of AI models[37] .","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-42/c132","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/73d5409ed0fa484f","nativeRecordCid":"775abb34-8e3a-4fcb-b668-9842065dc890","documentId":"open-science-source-42","id":"c132","text":"The application of AI across scientific domains can involve the risk of the malicious repurposing of AI models.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"risks of applying AI in science","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"These can include the impact of data bias[33] , data poisoning[34] , the spread of scientific misinformation[35,36] , and the malicious repurposing of AI models[37] .","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-42/c133","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/90e146392e5b4d9d","nativeRecordCid":"f9180cab-73c4-44c2-8d63-b16bd1c48c8a","documentId":"open-science-source-42","id":"c133","text":"The resource-intensive nature of AI raises ethical questions regarding the extent to which AI used by scientists can inadvertently contribute to environmental harms.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"resource-intensive nature of AI","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"In addition to this, the resource-intensive nature of AI (eg in terms of energy, data, and human labour) raises ethical questions regarding the extent to which AI used by scientists can inadvertently contribute to environmental and societal harms.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-42/c134","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/176f6d98afdf4c08","nativeRecordCid":"132f0fcd-6efc-4664-b867-c5fccd91bd3b","documentId":"open-science-source-42","id":"c134","text":"The resource-intensive nature of AI raises ethical questions regarding the extent to which AI used by scientists can inadvertently contribute to societal harms.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"resource-intensive nature of AI","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"In addition to this, the resource-intensive nature of AI (eg in terms of energy, data, and human labour) raises ethical questions regarding the extent to which AI used by scientists can inadvertently contribute to environmental and societal harms.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-42/c135","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/6a6a38f9ac8d43a5","nativeRecordCid":"f1c66aa2-60b2-4742-8c2c-e6789880619b","documentId":"open-science-source-42","id":"c135","text":"Ethical concerns are compounded by the uncertainty surrounding AI risks.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"ethical concerns about AI","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Ethical concerns are compounded by the uncertainty surrounding AI risks.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-42/c136","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/20406a43d292499d","nativeRecordCid":"05e3c355-e57a-4032-a30b-8ab6d1ec674c","documentId":"open-science-source-42","id":"c136","text":"Varying levels of technical AI expertise among domain experts limit the ability of scientists to provide effective oversight.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"technical AI expertise among domain experts","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Furthermore, varying levels of technical AI expertise among domain experts,\n\nand the lack of standardised methods for conducting ethics impact assessments, limit the ability of scientists to provide effective oversight[38] .","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-42/c137","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/238db06939c645fb","nativeRecordCid":"a9e2bacd-5bab-4b6b-bed1-cbc2e32147a2","documentId":"open-science-source-42","id":"c137","text":"The lack of standardised methods for conducting ethics impact assessments limits the ability of scientists to provide effective oversight.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"standardised methods for ethics impact assessments","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Furthermore, varying levels of technical AI expertise among domain experts,\n\nand the lack of standardised methods for conducting ethics impact assessments, limit the ability of scientists to provide effective oversight[38] .","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-42/c138","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/23c63bf41c9945f9","nativeRecordCid":"0e9da2c7-cfc9-4e0e-8e2c-c19da78cec86","documentId":"open-science-source-42","id":"c138","text":"Commercial AI models exhibit limited transparency.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"commercial AI models","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Other factors include the limited transparency of commercial models, the opaque nature of ML-systems, and how the misuse of open science practices could heighten safety and security risks[39,40] .","representedInStars":false}
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{"key":"open-science-source-42/c140","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/63de2151444b46e6","nativeRecordCid":"5a6435de-640d-4c88-b36a-edfca22abd46","documentId":"open-science-source-42","id":"c140","text":"The misuse of open science practices could heighten safety and security risks.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"misuse of open science practices","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Other factors include the limited transparency of commercial models, the opaque nature of ML-systems, and how the misuse of open science practices could heighten safety and security risks[39,40] .","representedInStars":false}
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{"key":"open-science-source-42/c142","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/99389505587c4bf0","nativeRecordCid":"b19e910e-8804-45b2-baf4-c9456fbe5a98","documentId":"open-science-source-42","id":"c142","text":"Collaboration between AI experts, domain experts and researchers from STEAM disciplines can improve scientists' ability to oversee AI systems.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"collaboration between AI and domain experts","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Collaboration between AI experts, domain experts and researchers from humanities and science, technology, engineering, the arts, and mathematics (STEAM) disciplines can improve scientists’ ability to oversee AI systems and anticipate harms[42] .","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-42/c143","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/37b92b73782a482f","nativeRecordCid":"ba9a2337-2ae8-424a-90a1-0407da7f8675","documentId":"open-science-source-42","id":"c143","text":"Collaboration between AI experts, domain experts and researchers from STEAM disciplines can improve scientists' ability to anticipate harms.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"collaboration between AI and domain experts","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Collaboration between AI experts, domain experts and researchers from humanities and science, technology, engineering, the arts, and mathematics (STEAM) disciplines can improve scientists’ ability to oversee AI systems and anticipate harms[42] .","representedInStars":false}
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{"key":"open-science-source-42/c161","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/62fd5e702dc44808","nativeRecordCid":"d3a1939e-2489-4220-8392-3f0b8bd5c38c","documentId":"open-science-source-42","id":"c161","text":"Artificial neural networks excel in tasks such as face and voice recognition, with multiple layers contributing to problem-solving capabilities.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"artificial neural networks","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Today, they excel in tasks such as face and voice recognition, with multiple layers contributing to problem-solving capabilities.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-42/c162","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/f1362711f0aa406f","nativeRecordCid":"e8cbf8d9-6a36-4ea5-8956-023bef65cf12","documentId":"open-science-source-42","id":"c162","text":"Deep learning is defined as a form of machine learning utilising computational structures known as artificial neural networks to automatically recognise patterns in data and produce relevant outputs.","kind":"definitional","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"deep learning","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"**Deep learning (DL):** A form of machine learning utilising computational structures known as ‘artificial neural networks’ to automatically recognise patterns in data and produce relevant outputs.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-42/c163","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/afc61733d4664abb","nativeRecordCid":"e13a4d16-3677-43cc-abe9-55f140d434a8","documentId":"open-science-source-42","id":"c163","text":"Deep learning models are proficient at complex tasks such as image and speech recognition, powering applications like voice assistants and autonomous vehicles.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"deep learning models","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Inspired by biological brains, deep learning model are proficient at complex tasks such as image and speech recognition, powering applications like voice assistants and autonomous vehicles.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-42/c164","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/ba5a4d93c6524bab","nativeRecordCid":"2820d742-68f9-4f6d-a899-b68f7a7874dd","documentId":"open-science-source-42","id":"c164","text":"A foundation model is defined as a machine learning model trained on extensive data, adaptable for diverse applications.","kind":"definitional","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"foundation model","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"**Foundation model:** A machine learning model trained on extensive data, adaptable for diverse applications.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-42/c165","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/5b8b262bf73a44a8","nativeRecordCid":"24eaa6fd-a0d5-49ca-aa3b-5ee803f32588","documentId":"open-science-source-42","id":"c165","text":"Large language models serve as the basis for various AI applications like chatbots.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"large language models","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Common examples include large language models, serving as the basis for various AI applications like chatbots.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-42/c166","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/a3d4eb47e3eb427c","nativeRecordCid":"0548b507-d48f-4d53-af04-4838b834aaa3","documentId":"open-science-source-42","id":"c166","text":"Generative AI is defined as AI systems generating new text, images, audio, or video in response to user input using machine learning techniques.","kind":"definitional","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"generative AI","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"**Generative AI:** AI systems generating new text, images, audio, or video in response to user input using machine learning techniques.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-42/c167","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/b2b1730752464ee8","nativeRecordCid":"ee339857-7d83-47bd-97b0-d2bf64137fbb","documentId":"open-science-source-42","id":"c167","text":"Generative AI systems create outputs that are often indistinguishable from human-created media.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"generative AI systems","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"These systems, often employing Generative adversarial networks (GANs), create outputs closely resembling human-created media, resulting in outputs that are often indistinguishable from human-created media.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-42/c168","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/470e8049b5924ba3","nativeRecordCid":"f8646acd-ba5f-4bec-a26e-d879354d06c8","documentId":"open-science-source-42","id":"c168","text":"Machine learning is defined as a field of artificial intelligence involving algorithms that learn patterns from data and apply these findings to make predictions or offer useful outputs.","kind":"definitional","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"machine learning","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"**Machine learning (ML):** A field of artificial intelligence involving algorithms that learn patterns from data and apply these findings to make predictions or offer useful outputs.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-42/c169","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/7069642777524831","nativeRecordCid":"f0dedc32-9ea0-4506-82dc-d861bed261f0","documentId":"open-science-source-42","id":"c169","text":"Machine learning enables tasks like language translation, medical diagnosis, and robotics navigation by analysing sample data to improve performance over time.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"machine learning","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"It enables tasks like language translation, medical diagnosis, and robotics navigation by analysing sample data to improve performance over time.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-42/c170","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/0b64310a254447c0","nativeRecordCid":"f8126c10-d049-4d98-ac1c-834af5d34b76","documentId":"open-science-source-42","id":"c170","text":"A generative adversarial network is defined as a machine learning technique that produces realistic synthetic data, like deepfake images, indistinguishable from its training data.","kind":"definitional","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"generative adversarial networks","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"A machine learning technique that produces realistic synthetic data, like deepfake images, indistinguishable from its training data.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-42/c171","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/14f69fffd7604bf7","nativeRecordCid":"cf2b5e9d-95d4-46f6-8bfa-abf6a9ae3270","documentId":"open-science-source-42","id":"c171","text":"A generative adversarial network consists of a generator and a discriminator.","kind":"definitional","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"generative adversarial networks","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"It consists of a generator and a discriminator.","representedInStars":false}
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{"key":"open-science-source-42/c238","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/6e4cb970f3c345b7","nativeRecordCid":"cffb8092-742c-4278-8c98-59210c30d340","documentId":"open-science-source-42","id":"c238","text":"LLM writing tools have the potential to exacerbate biases from training data.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"LLM writing tools and bias","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"These tools also have limitations including the potential to exacerbate biases from the training data (eg bias towards positive results[69] , language biases[70] or geographic bias[71] ), inaccuracies and unreliable scientific inputs[72] .","representedInStars":false}
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{"key":"open-science-source-42/c240","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/db577f9473c74ce2","nativeRecordCid":"148d9ef9-8467-45f5-9707-1cc3a06c8f22","documentId":"open-science-source-42","id":"c240","text":"LLM writing tools produce unreliable scientific inputs.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"LLM writing tools reliability","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"These tools also have limitations including the potential to exacerbate biases from the training data (eg bias towards positive results[69] , language biases[70] or geographic bias[71] ), inaccuracies and unreliable scientific inputs[72] .","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-42/c241","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/db9c077727c94e25","nativeRecordCid":"889b183f-e64b-4195-9ab7-3ba1464d038d","documentId":"open-science-source-42","id":"c241","text":"LLM writing tools have a limited ability to grasp nuanced value judgments.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"LLM writing tools limitations","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"As a writing tool they also have a limited ability to grasp nuanced value judgments, assist in scientific meaning-making[73] , or articulate the complexities of scientific research[74] .","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-42/c242","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/6d003886cbdb4588","nativeRecordCid":"411e9ddf-9edc-4681-a14b-33a89ff7b588","documentId":"open-science-source-42","id":"c242","text":"LLM writing tools have a limited ability to assist in scientific meaning-making.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"LLM writing tools limitations","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"As a writing tool they also have a limited ability to grasp nuanced value judgments, assist in scientific meaning-making[73] , or articulate the complexities of scientific research[74] .","representedInStars":true}
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{"key":"open-science-source-42/c244","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/7e5d57fe9e504e5a","nativeRecordCid":"fabbc7e5-92d7-4012-8172-086a26559461","documentId":"open-science-source-42","id":"c244","text":"The use of LLMs for academic writing risks diminishing creative aspects of scientific discovery.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"LLMs and scientific discovery","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"There are also concerns that the use of LLMs for academic writing risks diminishing creative and interdisciplinary aspects of scientific discovery[75] .","representedInStars":false}
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{"key":"open-science-source-42/c272","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/c8daabbc7b164607","nativeRecordCid":"7378702f-b26b-4b06-a17a-cc173e7469f3","documentId":"open-science-source-42","id":"c272","text":"Cloud-based solutions do not require users to own physical infrastructure to store data.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"cloud-based solutions","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Cloud-based solutions, which do not require users to own physical infrastructure (eg to store data) include Amazon Web Services[94] and Oracle Cloud Infrastructure.[95]","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-42/c273","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/433b2ee4329d4236","nativeRecordCid":"99393ee9-11cf-489d-b86f-d326ef2ef027","documentId":"open-science-source-42","id":"c273","text":"Big data comprises large and heterogeneous forms of data that have been collected without strict experimental design.","kind":"definitional","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"big data","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The ability to collect big data (large and heterogeneous forms of data that have been collected without strict experimental design[96] and combine these with other datasets has presented clear and significant opportunities for the scientific endeavour.","representedInStars":false}
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{"key":"open-science-source-42/c275","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/456994fe57ee44b7","nativeRecordCid":"01e99303-021a-4726-8024-daa171fe9ef8","documentId":"open-science-source-42","id":"c275","text":"Applying AI to large datasets has provided positive applications for society, from mitigating the impact of COVID-19 to combating climate change.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"AI applied to datasets","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The value being gained from applying AI to these datasets has already provided countless examples of positive applications from mitigating the impact of COVID-19 to combating climate change (See Case Study 3)[97] .","representedInStars":false}
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{"key":"open-science-source-42/c313","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/e88d69d2b20947a3","nativeRecordCid":"3bac3580-7ec1-486b-adec-59451bcdc461","documentId":"open-science-source-42","id":"c313","text":"Integrating knowledge from various fields and knowledge systems can lead to more accurate models.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"integrating knowledge across fields","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Integrating knowledge from various fields and knowledge systems can also lead to more accurate models and foster curiosity-driven research (beyond commercially-driven interests)[115] .","representedInStars":false}
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{"key":"open-science-source-42/c367","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/91d0d71374dd46f5","nativeRecordCid":"2b2820e3-93f9-404e-b789-439dc831b839","documentId":"open-science-source-42","id":"c367","text":"The use of trusted research environments and privacy enhancing technologies is enabling researchers to model problems without requiring data access.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"trusted research environments and privacy enhancing technologies","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The use of trusted research environments and privacy enhancing technologies (including AI-based approaches such as federated machine learning), is enabling researchers to model problems without requiring data access, offering a potential technical solution to addressing concerns surrounding sensitive data.","representedInStars":false}
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{"key":"open-science-source-42/c369","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/5772728f947f402e","nativeRecordCid":"33f42206-8e5d-43fa-a26c-2dfb59604285","documentId":"open-science-source-42","id":"c369","text":"Trust in data sharing requires clarity of purpose.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"","subject":"trust in data sharing","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"As set out in the Royal Society’s 2023 report, _Creating resilient and trusted data systems_ , trust in data sharing requires clarity of purpose and transparency in data flows, as well as robust systems for security and privacy[141] .","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-42/c370","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/be6f2c31b91f450c","nativeRecordCid":"80b18fd5-a0aa-4e19-85ee-2181590939d7","documentId":"open-science-source-42","id":"c370","text":"Trust in data sharing requires transparency in data flows.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"","subject":"trust in data sharing","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"As set out in the Royal Society’s 2023 report, _Creating resilient and trusted data systems_ , trust in data sharing requires clarity of purpose and transparency in data flows, as well as robust systems for security and privacy[141] .","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-42/c371","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/4e22a786026d4c5f","nativeRecordCid":"a11f17df-7620-43cb-a038-a72473572d6b","documentId":"open-science-source-42","id":"c371","text":"Trust in data sharing requires robust systems for security and privacy.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"","subject":"trust in data sharing","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"As set out in the Royal Society’s 2023 report, _Creating resilient and trusted data systems_ , trust in data sharing requires clarity of purpose and transparency in data flows, as well as robust systems for security and privacy[141] .","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-42/c372","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/28109c9bd81c4a84","nativeRecordCid":"c85477cf-c2f5-47ad-965a-dd102b53e92c","documentId":"open-science-source-42","id":"c372","text":"Data governance frameworks can encourage the public to get involved in data-driven scientific projects while retaining control of their data.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"data governance frameworks","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Other approaches include data governance frameworks that encourage the public to get involved in data-driven scientific projects while retaining control of their data (eg data donation drives[143] ).","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-42/c373","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/1a841f46c6bc4d4b","nativeRecordCid":"546119bf-b730-4782-adfb-9ce39d13ba4a","documentId":"open-science-source-42","id":"c373","text":"A rare disease is defined as a condition that affects fewer than 1 in 2,000 people.","kind":"definitional","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"definition of rare disease","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"A rare disease is a condition that affects fewer than 1 in 2,000 people and is often characterised by diverse, complex, and overlapping genetic manifestations[144] .","representedInStars":false}
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{"key":"open-science-source-42/c377","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/45d5257fa3784ce2","nativeRecordCid":"c22aada3-2267-4633-be68-e1fe143ae860","documentId":"open-science-source-42","id":"c377","text":"Rare disease researchers use ML techniques to analyse high-dimensional datasets to identify relevant biomarkers for known diseases.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"ML use by rare disease researchers","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Rare disease researchers are using ML techniques to analyse high-dimensional datasets, such as highdimensional molecular data, to identify relevant biomarkers for known diseases or to identify new diseases[147] .","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-42/c378","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/b841f3abc8c748d1","nativeRecordCid":"24ca1e26-17a2-4898-accb-c8931fe33ee8","documentId":"open-science-source-42","id":"c378","text":"Rare disease researchers use ML techniques to analyse high-dimensional datasets to identify new diseases.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"ML use by rare disease researchers","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Rare disease researchers are using ML techniques to analyse high-dimensional datasets, such as highdimensional molecular data, to identify relevant biomarkers for known diseases or to identify new diseases[147] .","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-42/c379","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/64e10eb4fb234ff1","nativeRecordCid":"cc2dfeb3-86c0-4fff-a314-22b09633c89d","documentId":"open-science-source-42","id":"c379","text":"The shift towards digitising health records is creating opportunities to identify patients with rare diseases more promptly.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"digitising health records","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The shift towards digitising health records is also creating opportunities to identify patients with rare diseases more promptly.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-42/c380","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/ed4df7a5b96b4b46","nativeRecordCid":"15678c29-567d-4452-b19e-6550b510f681","documentId":"open-science-source-42","id":"c380","text":"Promising AI applications show potential to improve low diagnostic rates for rare diseases.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"AI applications for rare diseases","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Promising applications show potential to improve low diagnostic rates, treatments, and drug development processes[148] .","representedInStars":false}
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{"key":"open-science-source-42/c383","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/bf28fd14c1fb4f6d","nativeRecordCid":"c7e3cd57-4900-411d-b04c-8787c17984b4","documentId":"open-science-source-42","id":"c383","text":"Clinicians use AI to find patterns in large datasets of patient information that may indicate the presence of a rare disease.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"clinicians' use of AI for pattern finding","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Clinicians are using AI to find patterns in large datasets of patient information, including genetic data and clinical records, that may indicate the presence of a rare disease.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-42/c384","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/7e098afdb7d34d69","nativeRecordCid":"16a6944e-28f7-4f89-9b52-3cb6780e1c91","documentId":"open-science-source-42","id":"c384","text":"ML is particularly useful to analyse multimodal data from different sources.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"ML and multimodal data analysis","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"ML is particularly useful to analyse multimodal data from different sources, including imaging data (eg, MRI, X-rays) that is becoming standard practice to understand disease manifestation[149] .","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-42/c385","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/831275e57118467d","nativeRecordCid":"4c79ddfe-48a4-4006-9075-0f22a62a80d1","documentId":"open-science-source-42","id":"c385","text":"Using imaging data is becoming standard practice to understand disease manifestation.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"imaging data in disease manifestation","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"ML is particularly useful to analyse multimodal data from different sources, including imaging data (eg, MRI, X-rays) that is becoming standard practice to understand disease manifestation[149] .","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-42/c386","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/953941163e5c4601","nativeRecordCid":"6ce18215-3920-4874-93df-d9e1f22f5cef","documentId":"open-science-source-42","id":"c386","text":"ML techniques can be used to improve automated diagnostic support for clinicians.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"ML and automated diagnostic support","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Improving capabilities for automated diagnosis: ML techniques can also be used to improve automated diagnostic support for clinicians.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-42/c387","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/ca32ad126aa14343","nativeRecordCid":"aa158ab5-a220-4a39-a2e4-4e68363e9804","documentId":"open-science-source-42","id":"c387","text":"Applying ML to very large multi-modal health datasets creates new possibilities to discover unknown and novel variants that can contribute to a molecular diagnosis of rare diseases.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"ML applied to large health datasets","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Applying ML to very large multi-modal health datasets, such as UK Biobank[151] , for example, is creating new possibilities to discover unknown and novel variants that can contribute to a molecular diagnosis of rare diseases[152] .","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-42/c388","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/64eb96d0ce7f481f","nativeRecordCid":"ebcb2659-dbfa-421f-b626-3903a9e529ec","documentId":"open-science-source-42","id":"c388","text":"ML is applied to determine whether data in health datasets can be used to identify patients who have not been previously tested for rare diseases and may have gone undiagnosed.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"ML identifying undiagnosed rare disease patients","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Similarly, ML is applied to determine whether data in health datasets can be used to identify patients who have not been previously tested for rare diseases and may have gone undiagnosed[153,154] .","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-42/c389","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/3521f7d358d74f4c","nativeRecordCid":"ddb6b556-1570-466e-849a-46fc10a3e6d9","documentId":"open-science-source-42","id":"c389","text":"ML models, particularly generative AI, can be leveraged to accelerate the drug discovery process.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"ML models and drug discovery","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Accelerate treatment and drug discovery: ML models, in particular generative AI, can be leveraged to accelerate the drug discovery process.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-42/c390","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/7711bb99a2cc43eb","nativeRecordCid":"50c4da38-3f1d-462f-bcb5-4ffa9aaec397","documentId":"open-science-source-42","id":"c390","text":"AI models screen molecular libraries to predict potential drug candidates.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"AI models screening molecular libraries","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Models screen molecular libraries to predict potential drug candidates and assess their effectiveness in treating specific rare diseases.[155]","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-42/c391","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/c70c1eae1cf04497","nativeRecordCid":"53731630-8277-4613-9ca8-510cc6eab5aa","documentId":"open-science-source-42","id":"c391","text":"AI models screen molecular libraries to assess the effectiveness of potential drug candidates in treating specific rare diseases.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"AI models screening molecular libraries","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Models screen molecular libraries to predict potential drug candidates and assess their effectiveness in treating specific rare diseases.[155]","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-42/c392","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/7931c6feefcc4ef6","nativeRecordCid":"f20ef5e9-3b99-41d1-9ddb-c4bc7264a9a5","documentId":"open-science-source-42","id":"c392","text":"The rare disease drug discovery area tends to be dominated by private sector pharmaceutical companies.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"rare disease drug discovery sector","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"This area tends to be dominated by private sector pharmaceutical companies such as Insilico Medicine, Recursion, or Healx[156] .","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-42/c393","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/2c2dffb8f6b04156","nativeRecordCid":"3b3c65c1-8963-4159-a5b4-18b861420938","documentId":"open-science-source-42","id":"c393","text":"Relevant rare disease data, if available, is often siloed, scattered, behind paywalls, or commercially owned.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"rare disease data availability","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Relevant data – if available – is siloed, scattered, behind paywalls or commercially owned.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-42/c394","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/5173d455feec4b92","nativeRecordCid":"7f89f282-dd64-4f2e-bef5-7e66b8c4be47","documentId":"open-science-source-42","id":"c394","text":"Scarcity of rare disease data can make it difficult to train accurate and robust AI models.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"rare disease data scarcity","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"This scarcity of data can make it difficult to train accurate and robust AI models[157] .","representedInStars":false}
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{"key":"open-science-source-42/c397","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/1eef65def5e241c1","nativeRecordCid":"ad475bd4-aa3d-4cb9-9193-1bdd5c3b439c","documentId":"open-science-source-42","id":"c397","text":"Imbalanced rare disease data can lead to biased and overfitted models that perform poorly on new datasets.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"imbalanced rare disease data","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Imbalanced data can lead to biased and ‘overfitted’ models that rely on patterns that are unique to the training data and thereby perform poorly on new datasets, with implications for transferability and generalisability of ML models across contexts.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-42/c398","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/cdf1773ce94e4e65","nativeRecordCid":"b5b22d4d-8bcd-4fc2-a749-42026c6ac0a0","documentId":"open-science-source-42","id":"c398","text":"The use of ML is best suited for large and well-curated datasets, whereas rare disease data can be heterogenous, incomplete, or incorrectly labelled.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"ML suitability versus rare disease data quality","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The use of ML is best suited for large and wellcurated datasets, while rare disease data can be heterogenous, incomplete, or incorrectly labelled (eg, misdiagnoses or incorrect labelling can be common in rare disease studies due to a limited or evolving understanding of a condition)[158] .","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-42/c399","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/701999f1e9584d6e","nativeRecordCid":"c7eb9a71-754c-435a-b92a-ea62d1c1fa31","documentId":"open-science-source-42","id":"c399","text":"Data related to rare diseases may come from various sources.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"sources of rare disease data","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Data related to rare diseases may come from various sources, including clinical records, genetic testing, and patient surveys.","representedInStars":false}
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{"key":"open-science-source-42/c402","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/fec6c91c8a944c62","nativeRecordCid":"488ec521-940e-4d3e-847f-366cc7ce9581","documentId":"open-science-source-42","id":"c402","text":"Rare disease data sources may have different levels of detail.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"rare disease data source variability","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"These data sources may have different formats, quality standards, and levels of detail.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-42/c403","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/c51c1a23f5434248","nativeRecordCid":"ae8bc724-4001-466b-8f9b-3a0c3e7ecc2b","documentId":"open-science-source-42","id":"c403","text":"Integrating and harmonising heterogeneous rare disease data can be a significant challenge.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"integrating heterogeneous rare disease data","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Integrating and harmonising such heterogeneous data can be a significant challenge.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-42/c404","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/827338e520914bc3","nativeRecordCid":"401a56c1-c993-426d-ab40-d277a92b5158","documentId":"open-science-source-42","id":"c404","text":"Collecting and annotating data for rare diseases can be expensive and time-consuming.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"rare disease data collection","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Collecting and annotating data for rare diseases can be expensive and time-consuming.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-42/c405","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/d3037cb796fa4f28","nativeRecordCid":"1b73090a-a3cb-4d33-91f1-bdd9e88c8545","documentId":"open-science-source-42","id":"c405","text":"Many healthcare organisations, including in resource-limited settings, may not have access to resources to invest, build and maintain large-scale datasets for rare diseases.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"healthcare organisations' resource access","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Many healthcare organisations, including in resource-limited settings, may not have access to resources to invest, build and maintain large-scale datasets for rare diseases[159] .","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-42/c406","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/fb82d2abb3324543","nativeRecordCid":"249803c3-a818-4045-bce9-1cf56440c9de","documentId":"open-science-source-42","id":"c406","text":"Medical data is highly sensitive.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"medical data","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Medical data is highly sensitive, and there are strict data governance, management, and protection considerations.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-42/c407","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/fdd9bb1f533b423b","nativeRecordCid":"702119fa-591a-4210-bc9d-e4790fdc7c2f","documentId":"open-science-source-42","id":"c407","text":"There are strict data governance, management, and protection considerations for medical data.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"medical data governance","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Medical data is highly sensitive, and there are strict data governance, management, and protection considerations.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-42/c408","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/0865ecb9e1854fff","nativeRecordCid":"05cf1248-aca7-4eca-8365-c0572b4a26e8","documentId":"open-science-source-42","id":"c408","text":"Anonymising and deidentifying data is a common practice.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"data anonymisation practice","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Anonymising and deidentifying data is a common practice, however small samples in rare diseases increase the likelihood of identifying people through triangulation[160] .","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-42/c409","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/92ab90a2cff94c33","nativeRecordCid":"61c5f152-e212-4f15-b713-a14c0228ff53","documentId":"open-science-source-42","id":"c409","text":"Small samples in rare diseases increase the likelihood of identifying people through triangulation.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"rare disease sample re-identification risk","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Anonymising and deidentifying data is a common practice, however small samples in rare diseases increase the likelihood of identifying people through triangulation[160] .","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-42/c410","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/6fd09247bb3c4754","nativeRecordCid":"e0f2a4ea-f7ee-49c4-bcd7-406ccd065963","documentId":"open-science-source-42","id":"c410","text":"Sharing rare disease data while ensuring patient privacy and complying with regulations can be complex.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"rare disease data sharing","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Sharing rare disease data while ensuring patient privacy and complying with regulations can be complex.","representedInStars":false}
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{"key":"open-science-source-42/c412","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/1d6f95bdf69c4fa8","nativeRecordCid":"0ffdcfda-0ae9-4314-8b9e-f10da50e09c2","documentId":"open-science-source-42","id":"c412","text":"Concerted efforts in data sharing, standardisation and data governance can pave the way for AI to make a significant impact on the study of rare diseases.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"data sharing, standardisation and governance efforts","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Concerted efforts in data sharing, standardisation and data governance can pave the way for AI to make a significant impact on the study of rare diseases and improving the lives of those affected by these conditions.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-42/c413","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/76262e7ce250428d","nativeRecordCid":"cb3b3eb2-a86a-4175-82e1-1b5b31f3624f","documentId":"open-science-source-42","id":"c413","text":"Concerted efforts in data sharing, standardisation and data governance can pave the way for improving the lives of those affected by rare diseases.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"data sharing, standardisation and governance efforts","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Concerted efforts in data sharing, standardisation and data governance can pave the way for AI to make a significant impact on the study of rare diseases and improving the lives of those affected by these conditions.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-42/c414","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/015569dbf524407c","nativeRecordCid":"55ed25b3-d6da-434c-a567-0b210653af07","documentId":"open-science-source-42","id":"c414","text":"Cross-institutional, international collaboration is needed to create large, centralised datasets suitable for ML-based research.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"","subject":"cross-institutional collaboration on datasets","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Cross-institutional, international collaboration is needed to create large, centralised datasets suitable for ML-based research[161] .","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-42/c415","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/aa8d55a41aba46d4","nativeRecordCid":"07f98266-bc93-4c18-8bcf-9a2384abf17e","documentId":"open-science-source-42","id":"c415","text":"Data pooling initiatives, such as regional or global patient registries, are desirable.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"","subject":"data pooling initiatives","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Data pooling initiatives are\n\nalso desirable, such as regional or global patient registries[162] that can widen access to relevant data and promote standardisation and interoperability of registries across institutions.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-42/c416","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/ddfe6d44373b4275","nativeRecordCid":"795b399d-c4b4-4567-b81e-6ff4c85f7c42","documentId":"open-science-source-42","id":"c416","text":"Regional or global patient registries can widen access to relevant data.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"patient registries","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Data pooling initiatives are\n\nalso desirable, such as regional or global patient registries[162] that can widen access to relevant data and promote standardisation and interoperability of registries across institutions.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-42/c417","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/ff6ad8961efc41ad","nativeRecordCid":"a5fb8bc0-8da8-4d67-8787-723bcd4317cf","documentId":"open-science-source-42","id":"c417","text":"Regional or global patient registries can promote standardisation of registries across institutions.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"patient registries","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Data pooling initiatives are\n\nalso desirable, such as regional or global patient registries[162] that can widen access to relevant data and promote standardisation and interoperability of registries across institutions.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-42/c418","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/705b13d672454781","nativeRecordCid":"0b4e4100-e559-48f2-b407-28a52bb53da8","documentId":"open-science-source-42","id":"c418","text":"Regional or global patient registries can promote interoperability of registries across institutions.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"patient registries","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Data pooling initiatives are\n\nalso desirable, such as regional or global patient registries[162] that can widen access to relevant data and promote standardisation and interoperability of registries across institutions.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-42/c419","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/39b163db6cc94579","nativeRecordCid":"01501782-ecf3-4dd8-902e-c66bd8a216bc","documentId":"open-science-source-42","id":"c419","text":"Establishing federated learning infrastructures, such as Gaia-X, can facilitate sensitive data sharing.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"federated learning infrastructures","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Establishing federated learning infrastructures, such as Gaia-X, can also facilitate sensitive data sharing[163] .","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-42/c420","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/9ed1dda038ac4429","nativeRecordCid":"9bc9e158-d005-437f-b6f9-cafef93a28a6","documentId":"open-science-source-42","id":"c420","text":"Generative techniques can be an effective way to address data scarcity, noise, or incompleteness.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"generative techniques","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Generative techniques can be an effective way to address data scarcity, noise, or incompleteness[164] .","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-42/c421","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/58341d8dadbe4517","nativeRecordCid":"a993aa00-07a4-4cbd-97b4-9ca6cf8156c3","documentId":"open-science-source-42","id":"c421","text":"Data augmentation strategies or the use of synthetic data can be used to populate incomplete datasets with artificial samples that increase diversity and representativeness of datasets.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"data augmentation and synthetic data","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"For example, data augmentation strategies or the use of synthetic data can be used to populate incomplete datasets with artificial samples that increase diversity and representativeness of datasets (eg, address outliers and biases), minimising the need for personal data.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-42/c422","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/daed44c0a04842f4","nativeRecordCid":"1513d3a3-0c95-4c1a-95ca-92fbdaa76f3f","documentId":"open-science-source-42","id":"c422","text":"Using synthetic data to populate incomplete datasets minimises the need for personal data.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"synthetic data use","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"For example, data augmentation strategies or the use of synthetic data can be used to populate incomplete datasets with artificial samples that increase diversity and representativeness of datasets (eg, address outliers and biases), minimising the need for personal data.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-42/c423","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/606d035014814d67","nativeRecordCid":"35803836-0ae1-4428-9981-587e918d3068","documentId":"open-science-source-42","id":"c423","text":"Computer vision approaches can be used to improve the quality and fidelity of imaging data.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"computer vision approaches","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Similarly, computer vision approaches can be used to improve the quality and fidelity of imaging data.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-42/c424","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/905d466a221f467a","nativeRecordCid":"63dbffb3-0213-443a-b4b6-ed6e4d16eb22","documentId":"open-science-source-42","id":"c424","text":"Ensuring the reliability and adequate training of generative models is an outstanding challenge.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"generative models","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Outstanding challenges include ensuring the reliability and adequate training of generative models.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-42/c425","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/021c27c411d748da","nativeRecordCid":"9cd9a82c-b7db-4ae2-8a06-a275c2ba4745","documentId":"open-science-source-42","id":"c425","text":"The Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation's Rare Disease Network brings together policymakers, academia, and industry to manage and harmonise data practices.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"APEC Rare Disease Network","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation’s Rare Disease Network is a relevant model that brings together policymakers, academia, and industry to manage and harmonise data practices[165] .","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-42/c426","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/edd8f4664d91445d","nativeRecordCid":"ef154f49-d944-4fde-88bf-698232496ba4","documentId":"open-science-source-42","id":"c426","text":"Trust in AI is essential for its responsible use in scientific research.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"","subject":"trust in AI","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Trust in AI is essential for its responsible use in scientific research, particularly as scientists become increasingly reliant on these technologies[167] .","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-42/c427","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/7e3907416d0045a2","nativeRecordCid":"380a40e8-1b15-4582-9a83-3075fc21a90b","documentId":"open-science-source-42","id":"c427","text":"Scientists are becoming increasingly reliant on AI technologies in scientific research.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"scientists' reliance on AI","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Trust in AI is essential for its responsible use in scientific research, particularly as scientists become increasingly reliant on these technologies[167] .","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-42/c428","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/759c2e06fa304481","nativeRecordCid":"c13579e8-549a-4d87-a738-8de7053f9a55","documentId":"open-science-source-42","id":"c428","text":"Reliance on AI-based systems hinges on an assumption that these systems, as well as their analysis and outputs, can produce reliable, low-error, and trustworthy findings.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"assumption underlying reliance on AI","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"This reliance hinges on an assumption that AI-based systems – as well as their analysis and outputs – can produce reliable, low-error, and trustworthy findings.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-42/c429","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/803d6ed614c64018","nativeRecordCid":"5cde474c-b79c-4e26-b709-24af2caba925","documentId":"open-science-source-42","id":"c429","text":"The adoption of AI in scientific research has been coupled with challenges to rigour.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"AI adoption in scientific research","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"However, the adoption of AI in scientific research has been coupled with challenges to rigour and scientific integrity.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-42/c430","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/707b4ee5b1844ace","nativeRecordCid":"a8b4ebbb-88e7-4639-8db3-056e8decfcb4","documentId":"open-science-source-42","id":"c430","text":"The adoption of AI in scientific research has been coupled with challenges to scientific integrity.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"AI adoption in scientific research","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"However, the adoption of AI in scientific research has been coupled with challenges to rigour and scientific integrity.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-42/c431","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/3a9b13025b4d44a2","nativeRecordCid":"07931ce5-d217-4ac7-b4db-09386ab6b218","documentId":"open-science-source-42","id":"c431","text":"A lack of understanding about how AI models work is a core issue in the adoption of AI in scientific research.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"AI research integrity issues","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Core issues include a lack of understanding about how AI models work, insufficient documentation of experiments, and scientists lacking the required technical expertise for building, testing and finding errors in a model.","representedInStars":false}
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{"key":"open-science-source-42/c434","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/4da5c7c290ab4940","nativeRecordCid":"5f478cd6-b86e-4125-8e0c-2a9d643d44c3","documentId":"open-science-source-42","id":"c434","text":"A growing body of irreproducible studies using ML techniques is raising concerns regarding the challenges to reproduce AI-based experiments.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"irreproducible ML studies","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"A growing body of irreproducible studies using ML techniques are also raising concerns regarding the challenges to reproduce AI-based experiments and the reliability of AI-based results and discoveries[168] .","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-42/c435","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/7c4961cbaf3f40c7","nativeRecordCid":"219db492-e15f-42f6-a8ad-e31eed02f5ca","documentId":"open-science-source-42","id":"c435","text":"A growing body of irreproducible studies using ML techniques is raising concerns regarding the reliability of AI-based results and discoveries.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"irreproducible ML studies","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"A growing body of irreproducible studies using ML techniques are also raising concerns regarding the challenges to reproduce AI-based experiments and the reliability of AI-based results and discoveries[168] .","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-42/c436","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/e0d0e6b0bc8548ac","nativeRecordCid":"a4bf4d81-e203-4595-8cd6-e93eec0e0337","documentId":"open-science-source-42","id":"c436","text":"Issues with irreproducibility and unreliability in AI-based research pose risks to science if the deployment of unreliable or untrustworthy AI technologies leads to harmful outcomes.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"AI research integrity risks","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Together, these issues pose risks not just to science, but also to society if the deployment of unreliable or untrustworthy AI technologies leads to harmful outcomes[169] .","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-42/c437","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/5e35edf11e414bd1","nativeRecordCid":"39c945ea-8c50-478f-9bbe-ef1d8214e76c","documentId":"open-science-source-42","id":"c437","text":"Issues with irreproducibility and unreliability in AI-based research pose risks to society if the deployment of unreliable or untrustworthy AI technologies leads to harmful outcomes.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"AI research integrity risks","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Together, these issues pose risks not just to science, but also to society if the deployment of unreliable or untrustworthy AI technologies leads to harmful outcomes[169] .","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-42/c438","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/9ea285a27c424e78","nativeRecordCid":"17ee5dda-7a82-4a85-b3ff-d61fd2c40152","documentId":"open-science-source-42","id":"c438","text":"Reproducibility refers to the ability of independent researchers to scrutinise the results of a research study.","kind":"definitional","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"reproducibility","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Reproducibility refers to the ability of independent researchers to scrutinise the results of a research study, replicate them, and reproduce an experiment in future studies[170] .","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-42/c439","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/056d57c6f8f34067","nativeRecordCid":"ff3cebc9-c53c-431e-a790-77caaaa99feb","documentId":"open-science-source-42","id":"c439","text":"Reproducibility refers to the ability of independent researchers to replicate the results of a research study.","kind":"definitional","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"reproducibility","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Reproducibility refers to the ability of independent researchers to scrutinise the results of a research study, replicate them, and reproduce an experiment in future studies[170] .","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-42/c440","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/757795cb082a46ca","nativeRecordCid":"36e2b87e-90b6-4cc1-a309-4ac95157bce6","documentId":"open-science-source-42","id":"c440","text":"Reproducibility refers to the ability of independent researchers to reproduce an experiment in future studies.","kind":"definitional","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"reproducibility","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Reproducibility refers to the ability of independent researchers to scrutinise the results of a research study, replicate them, and reproduce an experiment in future studies[170] .","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-42/c441","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/9fab9635682d47d1","nativeRecordCid":"55afcff6-f204-45d7-bc43-666f36fd018b","documentId":"open-science-source-42","id":"c441","text":"If researchers develop an overreliance on AI for data analysis while remaining unable to explain how conclusions were reached and how to reproduce a study, it will not meet thresholds for scrutiny and verification.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"overreliance on AI for data analysis","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"If researchers develop an overreliance on AI for data analysis, while remaining unable to explain how conclusions were reached and how to reproduce a study[171] , it will not meet thresholds for scrutiny and verification.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-42/c442","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/903e887293db4bac","nativeRecordCid":"ca9efb8c-7adf-4804-ae4b-12388c6f40f8","documentId":"open-science-source-42","id":"c442","text":"If results cannot be verified, they can contribute to inflated expectations.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"unverifiable AI research results","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Similarly, if results cannot be verified, they can contribute to inflated expectations, exaggerated claims of accuracy, or research outputs based on spurious correlations[172] .","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-42/c443","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/0270cf329d674c2b","nativeRecordCid":"fd7d8a99-112c-4be6-8aca-66f6d586e644","documentId":"open-science-source-42","id":"c443","text":"If results cannot be verified, they can contribute to exaggerated claims of accuracy.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"unverifiable AI research results","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Similarly, if results cannot be verified, they can contribute to inflated expectations, exaggerated claims of accuracy, or research outputs based on spurious correlations[172] .","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-42/c444","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/341b37381aad4f01","nativeRecordCid":"8ea16ae4-2a08-4622-9b35-65d98e71fe9a","documentId":"open-science-source-42","id":"c444","text":"If results cannot be verified, they can contribute to research outputs based on spurious correlations.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"unverifiable AI research results","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Similarly, if results cannot be verified, they can contribute to inflated expectations, exaggerated claims of accuracy, or research outputs based on spurious correlations[172] .","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-42/c445","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/842b07b112e94ad4","nativeRecordCid":"ba1a38c1-fddc-4aa2-850b-31b09023ad46","documentId":"open-science-source-42","id":"c445","text":"In AI-based research, being able to reproduce a study involves replicating the method.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"reproducing AI-based research","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"In the case of AI-based research, being able to reproduce a study not only involves replicating the method, but also being able to reproduce the code, data, and environmental conditions under which the experiment was conducted (eg computing, hardware, software)[173,174.]","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-42/c446","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/dd61ce61b3914ed5","nativeRecordCid":"f9f17cfd-c836-4f63-bd98-e1744047bd2e","documentId":"open-science-source-42","id":"c446","text":"In AI-based research, being able to reproduce a study involves being able to reproduce the code, data, and environmental conditions under which the experiment was conducted.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"reproducing AI-based research","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"In the case of AI-based research, being able to reproduce a study not only involves replicating the method, but also being able to reproduce the code, data, and environmental conditions under which the experiment was conducted (eg computing, hardware, software)[173,174.]","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-42/c447","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/cd76644959fd49b5","nativeRecordCid":"35a4f0e2-ca0a-41ae-9932-294e65b77438","documentId":"open-science-source-42","id":"c447","text":"Explainable AI can help researchers identify errors in data, models, or assumptions.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"explainable AI","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Explainable AI (See Box 1) can help researchers identify errors in data, models, or assumptions","representedInStars":false}
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{"key":"open-science-source-42/c449","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/2a6b8a115a26480a","nativeRecordCid":"c6377125-25fa-42dc-8e46-a4eccff327a4","documentId":"open-science-source-42","id":"c449","text":"Reproducibility failures can affect research conducted for other studies, including those in other disciplines.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"reproducibility failures","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Reproducibility failures not only risk the validity of the individual study[175] , but can also affect research conducted for other studies, including those in other disciplines.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-42/c450","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/32d6e989a8754340","nativeRecordCid":"2a89ff68-57e9-4ced-924d-86dd61ea375d","documentId":"open-science-source-42","id":"c450","text":"Reproducibility issues in AI-based research are likely to be underreported due to factors such as unpublished data, insufficient documentation, absence of mechanisms to report failed experiments, and high variability across experimentation or research contexts.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"underreporting of reproducibility issues","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Furthermore, these types of issues are likely to be underreported due to factors such as unpublished data; insufficient documentation; absence of mechanisms to report failed experiments; and high variability across experimentation or research contexts[177] .","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-42/c451","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/7415e714a6a44d84","nativeRecordCid":"67e9003e-9b76-485b-94bc-18b0f4f53002","documentId":"open-science-source-42","id":"c451","text":"Opacity increases when models are developed in a commercial setting.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"model opacity","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Opacity increases when models are developed in a commercial setting.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-42/c452","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/8e4cc1896c2c423c","nativeRecordCid":"faad1e0a-ee7b-4a7e-8022-c6ec57e8ad51","documentId":"open-science-source-42","id":"c452","text":"Most leading LLMs are developed by large technology companies.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"LLM development","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"For instance, most leading LLMs are developed by large technology companies like Google, Microsoft, Meta, and OpenAI.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-42/c453","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/516171fb88764afd","nativeRecordCid":"7fba322c-9b0e-4fd2-a46f-63fa7a9e2d14","documentId":"open-science-source-42","id":"c453","text":"Proprietary LLM systems reveal limited information about their model architecture, training data, and decision-making processes that would enhance understanding.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"proprietary LLM systems","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"These models are proprietary systems, and as such, reveal limited information about their model architecture, training data, and the decisionmaking processes that would enhance understanding[180] .","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-42/c454","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/6d107443f2f04234","nativeRecordCid":"891bbef5-674d-4aaf-988b-7acadaf0309b","documentId":"open-science-source-42","id":"c454","text":"Opaque ML-based models that not every scientist can explain, interpret, or understand are at the core of the reproducibility challenge.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"opaque ML models","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"At the core of the reproducibility challenge are opaque ML-based models that not every scientist can explain, interpret, or understand.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-42/c455","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/d075561d850a4a8c","nativeRecordCid":"df10c58e-0612-43bc-88bd-5e081d2182a4","documentId":"open-science-source-42","id":"c455","text":"Black-box models are models that can produce useful information and outputs even when researchers do not understand exactly how the system works.","kind":"definitional","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"black-box models","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"ML models are commonly referred to as ‘black-box models’ (models that can produce useful information and outputs, even when researchers do not understand exactly how the system works).","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-42/c456","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/4e1baf13400540fc","nativeRecordCid":"2b965c8e-a849-4e27-b8f7-dd529983edef","documentId":"open-science-source-42","id":"c456","text":"The opaque nature of models limits explainability.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"opaque nature of ML models","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The opaque nature of models limits explainability and the ability of scientists to interpret how ML models arrive at specific results or conclusions[178] .","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-42/c457","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/c33824648bb840cf","nativeRecordCid":"8bd25252-937f-498d-aaab-e7e406e1879d","documentId":"open-science-source-42","id":"c457","text":"The opaque nature of models limits the ability of scientists to interpret how ML models arrive at specific results or conclusions.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"opaque nature of ML models","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The opaque nature of models limits explainability and the ability of scientists to interpret how ML models arrive at specific results or conclusions[178] .","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-42/c458","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/73a7b8767bad43bf","nativeRecordCid":"a507184f-a519-49dc-a595-44290f1d18dc","documentId":"open-science-source-42","id":"c458","text":"Explainability and interpretability refer to information that allows users to understand how an AI system works.","kind":"definitional","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"explainability and interpretability","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Explainability and interpretability refer to information that allows users to understand how an AI system works and the reasoning behind its outputs[181] .","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-42/c459","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/e36b03bf7caa457d","nativeRecordCid":"156f08a7-c76e-494b-93f1-34ca72fedc6c","documentId":"open-science-source-42","id":"c459","text":"Explainability and interpretability refer to information that allows users to understand the reasoning behind an AI system's outputs.","kind":"definitional","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"explainability and interpretability","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Explainability and interpretability refer to information that allows users to understand how an AI system works and the reasoning behind its outputs[181] .","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-42/c460","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/e80650828bd64e15","nativeRecordCid":"bafe7035-6098-4909-9861-e507c539a0d7","documentId":"open-science-source-42","id":"c460","text":"In ML, interpretability methods can offer information into how a model works, while explainability answers why certain conclusions are reached.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"interpretability versus explainability","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"For example, in ML interpretability methods can offer information into ‘how a model works’ while explainability answers why certain conclusions are reached or “what else can this model tell me?”[182] .","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-42/c461","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/a7af712e6fec4c5d","nativeRecordCid":"987e1007-0839-4aa8-84f9-ded1e3782e9d","documentId":"open-science-source-42","id":"c461","text":"Explainability and interpretability in science help researchers better understand the insights and patterns that come from the use of complex machine learning models and large datasets.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"explainability and interpretability benefits","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Helps researchers better understand the insights and patterns that come from the use of complex machine learning models and large datasets.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-42/c462","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/7dda898a56764990","nativeRecordCid":"20902849-acd3-475a-8a3c-9b6ab35dd227","documentId":"open-science-source-42","id":"c462","text":"Explainability and interpretability in science enhance the potential for scientists to draw insights from AI systems to reveal potential new scientific breakthroughs or discoveries.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"explainability and interpretability benefits","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Enhances the potential for scientists to draw insights from AI systems to reveal potential new scientific breakthroughs or discoveries[184] .","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-42/c463","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/dbe604b61e9d4164","nativeRecordCid":"7ab53173-8cd2-47db-b4d8-5037331c7ea7","documentId":"open-science-source-42","id":"c463","text":"Explainability and interpretability in science improve reproducibility by enabling third parties to scrutinise the model, as well as identify and correct errors.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"explainability and interpretability benefits","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Improves reproducibility by enabling third parties to scrutinise the model, as well as identify and correct errors.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-42/c464","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/74208d462bf04722","nativeRecordCid":"3e39ac88-4f09-4c69-b61f-9f52fb9c53eb","documentId":"open-science-source-42","id":"c464","text":"Explainability and interpretability in science improve transferability and assessment of whether models could be suitable across disciplines or contexts.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"explainability and interpretability benefits","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Improves transferability and assessment of whether models could be suitable across disciplines or contexts.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-42/c465","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/9202d5c1d9b84f4e","nativeRecordCid":"7b180208-63ef-4e57-a719-a0e5d512bd2c","documentId":"open-science-source-42","id":"c465","text":"Explainability and interpretability in science improve accountability.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"explainability and interpretability benefits","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Improves accountability and ensures scientists can offer justification behind the use of ML models[185] .","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-42/c466","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/4e06f31f6cf44aee","nativeRecordCid":"796cd21b-91e4-494c-936e-3580b9f5159f","documentId":"open-science-source-42","id":"c466","text":"Explainability and interpretability in science ensure scientists can offer justification behind the use of ML models.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"explainability and interpretability benefits","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Improves accountability and ensures scientists can offer justification behind the use of ML models[185] .","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-42/c467","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/9275ae1121eb4a86","nativeRecordCid":"69a8a829-9d95-40c6-afba-d1a1bec2ac39","documentId":"open-science-source-42","id":"c467","text":"In science-based applications that affect the public, explainability can ensure policy makers and regulators can provide oversight.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"explainability in public-affecting applications","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"In the case of science-based applications that affect the public – from health to public policy – explainability can ensure policy makers and regulators can provide oversight and prevent harms caused by erroneous predictions or models[186] .","representedInStars":false}
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{"key":"open-science-source-42/c495","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/dbc45a0ccc9c44d2","nativeRecordCid":"bd507ab7-824d-4b6e-a9ab-339d89491653","documentId":"open-science-source-42","id":"c495","text":"A universal approach to achieving reproducibility usually demands a high level of control over the environmental and social conditions of a study.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"Universal approach to reproducibility","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"This usually demands a high level of control over environmental and social conditions of a study, as well as a direct replication of inputs, outputs, and methods that may be unfeasible across diverse research environments, cultures, and contexts.","representedInStars":false}
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{"key":"open-science-source-42/c497","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/695eb0f6fbe44b9f","nativeRecordCid":"d193d607-9950-4db6-9bf6-17511f5bf964","documentId":"open-science-source-42","id":"c497","text":"A standardised approach to reproducibility can discourage researchers from approaching documentation and reporting from a reflexive standpoint that addresses variability and the more idiosyncratic aspects of scientific research.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"Standardised approach to reproducibility","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"A standardised approach to reproducibility can also discourage researchers from approaching documentation and reporting from a reflexive standpoint that addresses variability and the more idiosyncratic aspects of scientific research[209] .","representedInStars":false}
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{"key":"open-science-source-42/c499","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/01dabcaa316f4cfc","nativeRecordCid":"870fcee2-091d-4c59-a850-4dae2ff254f3","documentId":"open-science-source-42","id":"c499","text":"In healthcare, the local conditions of a hospital can significantly shift the outputs of models.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"Local conditions of a hospital","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"In the context of healthcare, the local conditions (eg, admission protocols, lab testing, record managements, or clinician-patient interactions) of a hospital can significantly shift the outputs.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-42/c500","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/3001790098bc4dff","nativeRecordCid":"a807e2fc-650e-4292-a5c2-f369ab409f02","documentId":"open-science-source-42","id":"c500","text":"A contextual approach to documentation and research protocols embraces variability.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"Contextual approach to documentation and research protocols","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"An alternative to a standardised approach to improving reproducibility is a more contextual approach to documentation and research protocols that embraces variability and provides insight into the local adaptation of models across contexts[210] .","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-42/c501","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/021869f0be994555","nativeRecordCid":"6cf16f58-84a5-4c7d-a143-c9888de2d510","documentId":"open-science-source-42","id":"c501","text":"A contextual approach to documentation and research protocols provides insight into the local adaptation of models across contexts.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"Contextual approach to documentation and research protocols","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"An alternative to a standardised approach to improving reproducibility is a more contextual approach to documentation and research protocols that embraces variability and provides insight into the local adaptation of models across contexts[210] .","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-42/c502","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/b435c76a091e40a6","nativeRecordCid":"f5f17471-e1ea-4f8a-9c9f-efde1ab12687","documentId":"open-science-source-42","id":"c502","text":"A contextual approach to documentation and research protocols has the potential to support researchers who wish to adapt models, rather than exporting or importing models that do not transfer well to different geographical and cultural contexts of discovery.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"Contextual approach to documentation and research protocols","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"This approach has the potential to support researchers who wish to adapt models, rather than exporting or importing models that do not transfer well to different geographical and cultural ‘contexts of discovery’[211] .","representedInStars":false}
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{"key":"open-science-source-42/c527","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/9d8a26d735cb4557","nativeRecordCid":"39b8d62e-9533-459a-b9e8-a2955bd4131a","documentId":"open-science-source-42","id":"c527","text":"Disciplines operate within distinct epistemic cultures encompassing norms.","kind":"definitional","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"epistemic cultures","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Disciplines often operate within distinct ‘epistemic cultures’ encompassing norms; methodologies; theoretical frameworks; evaluation; and funding models[235] .","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-42/c528","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/1e3b0789801242c1","nativeRecordCid":"5bbe48c1-3885-4490-b9c7-e671b0a7b74a","documentId":"open-science-source-42","id":"c528","text":"Disciplines operate within distinct epistemic cultures encompassing methodologies.","kind":"definitional","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"epistemic cultures","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Disciplines often operate within distinct ‘epistemic cultures’ encompassing norms; methodologies; theoretical frameworks; evaluation; and funding models[235] .","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-42/c529","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/98dedf31cff14dab","nativeRecordCid":"d050379b-6989-4db5-b0c8-85a4e1e6f821","documentId":"open-science-source-42","id":"c529","text":"Disciplines operate within distinct epistemic cultures encompassing theoretical frameworks.","kind":"definitional","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"epistemic cultures","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Disciplines often operate within distinct ‘epistemic cultures’ encompassing norms; methodologies; theoretical frameworks; evaluation; and funding models[235] .","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-42/c530","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/a40fb1a0b3984760","nativeRecordCid":"7995bc6f-3f13-4502-9ea6-8aba90f25a75","documentId":"open-science-source-42","id":"c530","text":"Disciplines operate within distinct epistemic cultures encompassing evaluation.","kind":"definitional","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"epistemic cultures","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Disciplines often operate within distinct ‘epistemic cultures’ encompassing norms; methodologies; theoretical frameworks; evaluation; and funding models[235] .","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-42/c531","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/b85d8acc062f4ac4","nativeRecordCid":"5287e889-44b9-4751-878f-59150ec76682","documentId":"open-science-source-42","id":"c531","text":"Disciplines operate within distinct epistemic cultures encompassing funding models.","kind":"definitional","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"epistemic cultures","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Disciplines often operate within distinct ‘epistemic cultures’ encompassing norms; methodologies; theoretical frameworks; evaluation; and funding models[235] .","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-42/c532","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/9b7e857275b74170","nativeRecordCid":"2a842cc0-9104-4946-9983-711590cda91d","documentId":"open-science-source-42","id":"c532","text":"Establishing a shared language requires persistent effort and initiative to bridge terminological, paradigmatic, and cognitive gaps.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"","subject":"establishing a shared language across disciplines","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Establishing a shared language demands persistent effort and initiative to bridge terminological, paradigmatic, and cognitive gaps[[236]] .","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-42/c533","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/0c51d2396b7e44f6","nativeRecordCid":"4640e5d8-3950-47fa-8f41-ae116075dac3","documentId":"open-science-source-42","id":"c533","text":"Interdisciplinary centres can take an interdisciplinary approach to AI-based research.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"interdisciplinary centres","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Interdisciplinary centres can take an interdisciplinary approach to AI-based research.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-42/c534","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/f395f9c14fa64703","nativeRecordCid":"28ed72dc-680d-4c2e-ae79-fe8966192422","documentId":"open-science-source-42","id":"c534","text":"The Centre for the Study of Existential Risk at the University of Cambridge studies the biological, environmental, global justice, and extreme technological risks of AI.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"Centre for the Study of Existential Risk","subject":"Centre for the Study of Existential Risk's research focus","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"For instance, the Centre for the Study of Existential Risk at the University of Cambridge studies the biological, environmental, global justice, and extreme technological risks of AI[237,238] .","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-42/c535","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/ece0ed87addf454e","nativeRecordCid":"d37bff53-a5b0-4c8b-abae-9707f3a90ced","documentId":"open-science-source-42","id":"c535","text":"Doctoral training programmes can foster an interdisciplinary culture by providing PhD students with cross-disciplinary training in AI ethics, governance, and responsible innovation.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"doctoral training programmes","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Similarly, doctoral training programmes, such as the UKRI Centre for Doctoral Training in Environmental Intelligence[239] , can foster an interdisciplinary culture by providing PhD students with cross-disciplinary training in AI ethics, governance, and responsible innovation.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-42/c536","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/b67a55e42e2e4575","nativeRecordCid":"eb66bd71-7478-46b0-a6c6-e29b05683db0","documentId":"open-science-source-42","id":"c536","text":"Disciplines are collecting large amounts of data.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"disciplines' data collection","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"While disciplines are collecting large amounts of data, siloed data infrastructure limits knowledge and data sharing[240] .","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-42/c537","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/689f1c01c26e4560","nativeRecordCid":"6c87224e-be36-486f-9bd9-6e0760ff8dc1","documentId":"open-science-source-42","id":"c537","text":"Siloed data infrastructure limits knowledge and data sharing.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"siloed data infrastructure","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"While disciplines are collecting large amounts of data, siloed data infrastructure limits knowledge and data sharing[240] .","representedInStars":false}
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{"key":"open-science-source-42/c542","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/4caf3a2323074b6e","nativeRecordCid":"b1b4e47b-4925-4a64-a4b3-3f8b14801251","documentId":"open-science-source-42","id":"c542","text":"Divergent publication models limit interdisciplinary collaboration in AI research.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"divergent publication models","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Divergent publication models limit interdisciplinary collaboration in AI research Examples include disparities in publication venues (conference vs. journal publications), publication styles (single vs. group author publications), and levels of disclosure (open vs. closed science), impacting incentives and readiness to collaborate in AI-based research[243] .","representedInStars":false}
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{"key":"open-science-source-42/c552","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/ae38ab489fb3456d","nativeRecordCid":"bc0e7f60-336b-49a1-a4df-236df3a46b77","documentId":"open-science-source-42","id":"c552","text":"Non-STEM researchers face additional obstacles related to funding opportunities and a lack of 'true interdisciplinary inclusion'.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"non-STEM researchers' obstacles","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Furthermore, non-STEM researchers face additional obstacles related to funding opportunities and a lack of ‘true interdisciplinary inclusion’ which can limit meaningful, sustained collaboration[247] .","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-42/c553","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/f37f87628c3542c7","nativeRecordCid":"f100daeb-7060-422f-afde-80d3c4256def","documentId":"open-science-source-42","id":"c553","text":"These obstacles can limit meaningful, sustained collaboration between STEM and non-STEM researchers.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"obstacles facing non-STEM researchers","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Furthermore, non-STEM researchers face additional obstacles related to funding opportunities and a lack of ‘true interdisciplinary inclusion’ which can limit meaningful, sustained collaboration[247] .","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-42/c554","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/16f5e68d7f22452b","nativeRecordCid":"3b797812-9594-4086-b5d8-05cc404f4d1c","documentId":"open-science-source-42","id":"c554","text":"A STEAM approach, where art is directly included into STEM, can help arts complement STEM research.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"STEAM approach","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"A STEAM approach, where art is\n\ndirectly included into STEM, can help arts complement STEM research[248] .","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-42/c555","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/4e3593b9b8614201","nativeRecordCid":"908e4f76-9e93-4638-a94d-ce2d164e1e75","documentId":"open-science-source-42","id":"c555","text":"Interdisciplinary programmes can address the gap between STEM and non-STEM collaboration by supporting researchers to work across disciplines.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"interdisciplinary programmes","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Interdisciplinary programmes such as Institute for Interdisciplinary Data Science and AI at the University of Birmingham[249] and the College of Integrative Sciences and Arts (CISA) at Arizona State University[250] can address this gap by supporting researchers to work across disciplines[251] .","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-42/c556","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/9887d1da25654bfc","nativeRecordCid":"5330cc4b-b0c9-43e2-952c-1269cac2258d","documentId":"open-science-source-42","id":"c556","text":"Collaboration between AI experts and researchers in non-STEM fields may include adopting AI-driven methods in non-STEM fields, such as generative AI in art and photography.","kind":"normative","modality":"may","actor":"","subject":"collaboration between AI experts and non-STEM researchers","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"- Adopting AI-driven methods in nonSTEM fields (eg Generative AI in art and photography)[253] ;","representedInStars":false}
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{"key":"open-science-source-42/c558","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/82ff246b4d594eae","nativeRecordCid":"3b3f8113-5729-4643-b2ed-3ab9655e85c1","documentId":"open-science-source-42","id":"c558","text":"Collaboration between AI experts and researchers in non-STEM fields may include including social science and humanities perspectives for responsible AI, AI safety, and research ethics discussions.","kind":"normative","modality":"may","actor":"","subject":"collaboration between AI experts and non-STEM researchers","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"- Including social science and humanities perspectives for responsible AI, AI safety, and research ethics discussions[255] .","representedInStars":false}
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{"key":"open-science-source-42/c561","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/1431282c04da4ee4","nativeRecordCid":"c069942e-5fa8-487b-ada0-b44f74252f9a","documentId":"open-science-source-42","id":"c561","text":"Advanced data and programming expertise may not always be required across research fields.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"advanced data and programming expertise","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"While advanced data and programming expertise may not always be required, nor will AI methods be necessary for all research areas, awareness of the latest tools and techniques can increase accessibility and benefits for science.","representedInStars":false}
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{"key":"open-science-source-42/c563","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/bd30749064534269","nativeRecordCid":"dc3bb113-78ad-4d01-8bfe-ebf369c0dfdc","documentId":"open-science-source-42","id":"c563","text":"Awareness of the latest AI tools and techniques can increase accessibility for science.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"awareness of latest AI tools and techniques","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"While advanced data and programming expertise may not always be required, nor will AI methods be necessary for all research areas, awareness of the latest tools and techniques can increase accessibility and benefits for science.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-42/c564","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/ba4ffe6d57534346","nativeRecordCid":"6776d498-6bca-4926-95ab-cab38d6f83aa","documentId":"open-science-source-42","id":"c564","text":"Awareness of the latest AI tools and techniques can increase benefits for science.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"awareness of latest AI tools and techniques","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"While advanced data and programming expertise may not always be required, nor will AI methods be necessary for all research areas, awareness of the latest tools and techniques can increase accessibility and benefits for science.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-42/c565","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/419f1ae03aa64437","nativeRecordCid":"0b26a295-60f2-4e7e-91d5-e55fe9ed19ee","documentId":"open-science-source-42","id":"c565","text":"More research fields are adopting AI.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"research fields adopting AI","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Demand for specialised data skills has increased as more research fields adopt AI.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-42/c566","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/bc49c2e22a444624","nativeRecordCid":"57eb521f-8238-4e8a-b8ac-2255784b14a5","documentId":"open-science-source-42","id":"c566","text":"Demand for specialised data skills has increased.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"demand for specialised data skills","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Demand for specialised data skills has increased as more research fields adopt AI.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-42/c567","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/ac4b787bdd7e471d","nativeRecordCid":"716431bd-0c66-4bbc-bc06-059923190b3d","documentId":"open-science-source-42","id":"c567","text":"Roles including data stewards and reproducibility experts are gaining increasing value as AI challenges emerge.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"data steward and reproducibility expert roles","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"roles including data stewards and reproducibility experts are gaining increasing value as AI challenges emerge (See Chapter 2).","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-42/c568","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/624ba8efbc6047a4","nativeRecordCid":"64b05db0-25d9-4a50-8705-7848be87e915","documentId":"open-science-source-42","id":"c568","text":"Critical data management tasks including curation, cleaning, and quality assurance are often undervalued as \"service work\".","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"critical data management tasks","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"However, critical data management tasks including curation, cleaning, and quality assurance are often undervalued as “service work”[259] .","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-42/c569","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/dbe8761704984b78","nativeRecordCid":"e69102df-ab5e-4964-a204-f00c425fe24b","documentId":"open-science-source-42","id":"c569","text":"Enhancing data literacy across disciplines can aid AI uptake.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"data literacy across disciplines","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"While enhancing data literacy across disciplines can aid AI uptake, the rapid advancement of AI tools risks outpacing training on effective data practices.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-42/c570","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/b96f38fa075b40ab","nativeRecordCid":"a5e3b18a-e1db-4483-91b0-c51602866781","documentId":"open-science-source-42","id":"c570","text":"The rapid advancement of AI tools risks outpacing training on effective data practices.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"rapid advancement of AI tools","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"While enhancing data literacy across disciplines can aid AI uptake, the rapid advancement of AI tools risks outpacing training on effective data practices.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-42/c571","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/042555df0f094e58","nativeRecordCid":"75ff7b88-ee15-4202-984b-a83073e48355","documentId":"open-science-source-42","id":"c571","text":"The skills gap can include a lack of understanding of challenges related to bias, reproducibility, and data requirements when employing AI models.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"skills gap","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The skills gap can also include a lack of understanding of challenges related to bias, reproducibility, and data requirements when employing AI models.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-42/c572","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/b6ce3d15b7394f4d","nativeRecordCid":"eae2de9f-ef10-4ff1-936d-ca34d0d2c48d","documentId":"open-science-source-42","id":"c572","text":"Upskilling scientific domain experts is essential for envisioning innovative AI applications.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"","subject":"upskilling scientific domain experts","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Upskilling scientific domain experts is essential for envisioning innovative AI applications.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-42/c573","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/ef2428edbb81479a","nativeRecordCid":"01de1973-b12e-4f79-90b9-1a5663fa4df8","documentId":"open-science-source-42","id":"c573","text":"Organisations can provide educational resources for data science, addressing the skills gap through apprenticeships, corporate training, or skills bootcamps.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"organisations providing data science education","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Organisations like Cambridge Spark provide educational resources for data science, addressing the skills gap through apprenticeships, corporate training, or skills bootcamps[260] .","representedInStars":false}
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{"key":"open-science-source-42/c606","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/8ea0fd500cf04ec8","nativeRecordCid":"53b49f0f-04a7-454a-92c3-838e79be7ead","documentId":"open-science-source-42","id":"c606","text":"DFT is a computationally expensive method.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"Density Functional Theory (DFT)","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"It is also a computationally expensive method and, as such, is limited to materials of low to medium complexity[273] .","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-42/c607","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/87392b6ff32f4b09","nativeRecordCid":"9bee1aa7-cf27-4959-bb93-da7f820eb021","documentId":"open-science-source-42","id":"c607","text":"DFT is limited to materials of low to medium complexity.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"Density Functional Theory (DFT)","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"It is also a computationally expensive method and, as such, is limited to materials of low to medium complexity[273] .","representedInStars":false}
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{"key":"open-science-source-42/c611","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/3bd5f72d742f448e","nativeRecordCid":"6db7c158-1eb7-41e9-a0f7-8ba908e0e8dd","documentId":"open-science-source-42","id":"c611","text":"The current materials knowledge base is large and disparate.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"materials knowledge base","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"However, the current materials knowledge base is large and disparate, with data often being incomplete, noisy, inconsistently formatted, and poorly labelled[276] .","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-42/c612","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/5f1bf153c78d4cbc","nativeRecordCid":"63334206-3d48-4f52-88e8-3297c0c96916","documentId":"open-science-source-42","id":"c612","text":"Data in the materials knowledge base is often incomplete, noisy, inconsistently formatted, and poorly labelled.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"materials data","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"However, the current materials knowledge base is large and disparate, with data often being incomplete, noisy, inconsistently formatted, and poorly labelled[276] .","representedInStars":false}
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{"key":"open-science-source-42/c615","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/d016c526a45c4f23","nativeRecordCid":"8fb8cc61-1fe3-4a55-b311-92c74e1bbdb7","documentId":"open-science-source-42","id":"c615","text":"Data from negative or unsuccessful materials experiments are not routinely published.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"data from negative experiments","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Furthermore, data from negative or unsuccessful experiments are not routinely published.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-42/c616","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/c5ca0eb891414b98","nativeRecordCid":"f6f54f69-5306-435a-af84-2e3b07aeee79","documentId":"open-science-source-42","id":"c616","text":"Several materials databases have been developed with the goal of aggregating data in consistent formats for further research.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"materials databases","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"In recent years, there have been several materials databases developed with the goal of aggregating data in consistent formats which can then be used for further research.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-42/c617","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/94d2f8ca47424347","nativeRecordCid":"7f1cdd0b-8b29-434e-ae2c-07a7077b0822","documentId":"open-science-source-42","id":"c617","text":"Materials datasets can be significant in size.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"materials datasets","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"These datasets which can be significant in size (eg the Materials Project database currently contains data for more than 150,000 materials), have been facilitating the use of ML for materials discovery.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-42/c618","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/ae25bbb0c12a40b6","nativeRecordCid":"94ab6459-4657-46d9-a19b-ede063b622fe","documentId":"open-science-source-42","id":"c618","text":"Materials datasets have been facilitating the use of ML for materials discovery.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"materials datasets","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"These datasets which can be significant in size (eg the Materials Project database currently contains data for more than 150,000 materials), have been facilitating the use of ML for materials discovery.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-42/c619","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/7996a8c7d45b4f90","nativeRecordCid":"2fa1f44f-d4f5-4c9c-a344-c65ac0a7f2ee","documentId":"open-science-source-42","id":"c619","text":"ML has had several success stories in materials discovery in recent years.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"ML in materials discovery","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"There have been several success stories in recent years of ML being used for materials discovery, some examples of which are listed in Table 2.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-42/c620","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/f40d62dc2f9f48fc","nativeRecordCid":"f5f2c418-5e0c-490a-8783-9e3288790f2a","documentId":"open-science-source-42","id":"c620","text":"A variety of ML and AI techniques, including generative AI, have been used to identify materials with desired properties for a wide range of applications.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"ML and AI techniques for materials","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"A variety of ML and AI techniques, including generative AI, have been used to identify materials with desired properties for a wide range of applications.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-42/c621","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/59d547a315444cf1","nativeRecordCid":"6999e367-bb11-452d-b9dd-4bb0ec92d968","documentId":"open-science-source-42","id":"c621","text":"ML and AI techniques used to identify materials with desired properties have been integrated with established techniques such as DFT, stability calculations and experiments to narrow down the predicted materials.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"ML and AI techniques for materials","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"These have been integrated with established techniques such as DFT, stability calculations and experiments to narrow down the predicted materials[284] .","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-42/c622","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/32d8c3b171b547d8","nativeRecordCid":"ee46da24-cb15-437a-8ea1-01b945192dd6","documentId":"open-science-source-42","id":"c622","text":"Sustainability of proposed materials could be used as an objective for predictive models to prevent new, more complex materials being harder to recycle or dispose of safely.","kind":"normative","modality":"may","actor":"","subject":"predictive models for materials","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Sustainability of proposed materials could also be used as an objective for predictive models[285] , to prevent new, more complex materials being harder to recycle or dispose of safely.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-42/c623","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/c907018d77024a15","nativeRecordCid":"dfa79b52-296b-4159-be53-8cd83f85ecfb","documentId":"open-science-source-42","id":"c623","text":"Automated experimentation is an important application of AI in materials.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"automated experimentation (AE)","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Another important application of AI in materials is for automated experimentation (AE).","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-42/c624","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/52ea12e84040427b","nativeRecordCid":"52626ba2-b922-4a8e-a06f-233c8518b7ff","documentId":"open-science-source-42","id":"c624","text":"Automated experimentation integrates AI and robotics in a closed experimental loop, whereby an AE system can undergo an iterative experimental process based on prior knowledge, improving the output after each iteration.","kind":"definitional","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"automated experimentation (AE)","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The central idea is to integrate AI and robotics in a closed experimental loop, whereby an AE system can undergo an iterative experimental process based on prior knowledge, improving the output after each iteration[291] .","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-42/c625","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/4178114ebbce419d","nativeRecordCid":"feba3599-98e5-4d6b-8759-6f956cd85816","documentId":"open-science-source-42","id":"c625","text":"There is human intervention in automated experimentation to initialise the experiment and define the objectives.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"automated experimentation (AE)","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"There is human intervention to initialise the experiment and define the objectives.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-42/c626","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/614312d31c9b4d6b","nativeRecordCid":"8d480477-f55a-4a61-8b6f-5e8db35cb1b1","documentId":"open-science-source-42","id":"c626","text":"Increased adoption of AE systems in labs would have a significant impact on materials design and experimentation.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"AE systems adoption","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Increased adoption of AE systems in labs would have a significant impact on materials design and experimentation.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-42/c627","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/dd335f97fe0f4340","nativeRecordCid":"c0b14a94-8b69-40bc-99a4-b6b2a7a3fac8","documentId":"open-science-source-42","id":"c627","text":"Increased adoption of AE systems would increase the speed of research.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"AE systems adoption","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Firstly, it would increase the speed of research at a reduced per-experiment cost[292] .","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-42/c628","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/8333f873955248c6","nativeRecordCid":"25b97baa-8be9-47ce-8442-e4c86cb8f1fd","documentId":"open-science-source-42","id":"c628","text":"Increased adoption of AE systems would reduce per-experiment cost.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"AE systems adoption","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Firstly, it would increase the speed of research at a reduced per-experiment cost[292] .","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-42/c629","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/10f13f931f5c4571","nativeRecordCid":"3fe03c6a-fb5b-4115-adde-05bfbe7c9f2f","documentId":"open-science-source-42","id":"c629","text":"Increased adoption of AE systems would free up scientists to work on other tasks rather than focusing on routine, time-consuming experiments.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"AE systems adoption","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"This would free up scientists to work on other tasks, rather than focusing on routine, time-consuming experiments, and would also enable faster development and commercialisation of technologically relevant materials[293] .","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-42/c630","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/250dbe296a314cdc","nativeRecordCid":"7a942f75-1a12-4015-af2a-982fdf3c957d","documentId":"open-science-source-42","id":"c630","text":"Increased adoption of AE systems would enable faster development and commercialisation of technologically relevant materials.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"AE systems adoption","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"This would free up scientists to work on other tasks, rather than focusing on routine, time-consuming experiments, and would also enable faster development and commercialisation of technologically relevant materials[293] .","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-42/c631","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/464ea14f90c343a9","nativeRecordCid":"a2645ebe-33c6-433e-bcff-140265854854","documentId":"open-science-source-42","id":"c631","text":"A global network of integrated AE systems would increase the accessibility of materials science research, opening advanced techniques to research groups with fewer resources.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"global network of AE systems","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"A global network of integrated AE systems would increase the accessibility of materials science research, opening advanced techniques to research groups with fewer resources.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-42/c632","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/091340d149dc45eb","nativeRecordCid":"58b572de-65b4-4555-8241-3a0ab78953ea","documentId":"open-science-source-42","id":"c632","text":"AE technologies exist and are being used for materials research.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"AE technologies","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Although AE technologies exist and are being used for materials research, there are several barriers which need to be addressed prior to wider spread adoption.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-42/c633","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/0ee8daa04b624fae","nativeRecordCid":"31f1d021-c02b-4cb5-a994-68f484be57d1","documentId":"open-science-source-42","id":"c633","text":"Several barriers need to be addressed prior to wider adoption of AE technologies.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"","subject":"barriers to AE adoption","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Although AE technologies exist and are being used for materials research, there are several barriers which need to be addressed prior to wider spread adoption.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-42/c634","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/79a7558716334975","nativeRecordCid":"de0eba32-fc2c-458f-bda8-2f50bc2db2d4","documentId":"open-science-source-42","id":"c634","text":"Experimental hardware and software improvements, including non-proprietary interfaces and tools for effective characterisation of samples, are needed for wider AE adoption.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"","subject":"AE hardware and software","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Firstly, experimental hardware and software improvements would be needed, including non-proprietary interfaces and tools for effective characterisation of samples.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-42/c635","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/d2884b48e713416f","nativeRecordCid":"f48cc38e-8ff8-4eed-8913-f673a5b20059","documentId":"open-science-source-42","id":"c635","text":"Collaborative partnerships between materials scientists and AI experts would be beneficial for wider AE adoption.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"","subject":"collaboration for AE adoption","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Collaborative partnerships between materials scientists and AI experts would be beneficial, as well as an understanding that human involvement will be necessary where there are safety or ethical concerns.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-42/c636","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/6f1ae8fae5684b6d","nativeRecordCid":"8f34baf3-a88c-4e83-8a38-905260455a03","documentId":"open-science-source-42","id":"c636","text":"Human involvement in AE systems is necessary where there are safety or ethical concerns.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"","subject":"human involvement in AE systems","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Collaborative partnerships between materials scientists and AI experts would be beneficial, as well as an understanding that human involvement will be necessary where there are safety or ethical concerns.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-42/c637","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/12dc41f566da4ec2","nativeRecordCid":"71755eb9-1b84-4258-8b04-363499beeb21","documentId":"open-science-source-42","id":"c637","text":"AE systems need access to a broad range of data, including metadata and negative results, to supply to the system as pre-knowledge.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"AE systems","subject":"data access for AE systems","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Finally, AE systems would need access to a broad range of data, including metadata and negative results, to supply to the system as pre-knowledge, requiring standardisation of data management and sharing.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-42/c638","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/532d68cf341141ed","nativeRecordCid":"3d342d32-55ad-4731-a829-245764296172","documentId":"open-science-source-42","id":"c638","text":"Standardisation of data management and sharing is required for AE systems to access a broad range of data.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"","subject":"data management standardisation","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Finally, AE systems would need access to a broad range of data, including metadata and negative results, to supply to the system as pre-knowledge, requiring standardisation of data management and sharing.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-42/c639","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/5a9301e875c645f6","nativeRecordCid":"38d1f5f7-ec82-4707-a2c9-87bdc1dc8f28","documentId":"open-science-source-42","id":"c639","text":"Carbon nanotubes have potential uses in carbon capture technologies.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"carbon nanotubes","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"One such example is the 2016 demonstration by Nikolaev _et al_[294] . of the first use of the Autonomous Research System to optimise the growth of carbon nanotubes, a material which has potential uses in carbon capture technologies as well as an astounding array of current applications[295] .","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-42/c640","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/373219f0a4864764","nativeRecordCid":"becfde83-041b-4a05-beae-43477de4e02a","documentId":"open-science-source-42","id":"c640","text":"Carbon nanotubes have an astounding array of current applications.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"carbon nanotubes","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"One such example is the 2016 demonstration by Nikolaev _et al_[294] . of the first use of the Autonomous Research System to optimise the growth of carbon nanotubes, a material which has potential uses in carbon capture technologies as well as an astounding array of current applications[295] .","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-42/c641","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/7fe0cb8258904160","nativeRecordCid":"88fb6238-86e9-4866-896a-3bf1679e2f37","documentId":"open-science-source-42","id":"c641","text":"Carbon nanotubes are expensive.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"carbon nanotubes","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"However, carbon nanotubes are expensive; the price depends on configuration and quality, but 1 gram retails from around £100 to more than £1200.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-42/c642","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/9df0e2f3136b4364","nativeRecordCid":"9c6c79d0-26de-4f35-9f3a-1dedd5863a16","documentId":"open-science-source-42","id":"c642","text":"The price of carbon nanotubes depends on configuration and quality.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"carbon nanotubes","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"However, carbon nanotubes are expensive; the price depends on configuration and quality, but 1 gram retails from around £100 to more than £1200.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-42/c643","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/316d1daf628d4564","nativeRecordCid":"ffb8dc70-acc2-43a2-a5f6-acc67d098465","documentId":"open-science-source-42","id":"c643","text":"AE can be used to improve the growth of carbon nanotubes by rapidly iterating growth parameters for property optimisations and greater yields.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"AE and carbon nanotube growth","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"AE can be used to improve the growth of carbon nanotubes by rapidly iterating growth parameters for property optimisations and greater yields.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-42/c644","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/4b10b3af8d174e07","nativeRecordCid":"14dd27ea-a111-4103-809d-61d213dfb466","documentId":"open-science-source-42","id":"c644","text":"Large private-sector investment in AI and its significance in scientific research bring about the centralisation of critical digital infrastructure.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"private-sector AI investment implications","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The large investment in AI by the private sector and its significance in scientific research present various implications. These include the centralisation of critical digital infrastructure[292] ; the attraction of talent away from academia to the private sector[293] ; and challenges to open science[294] .","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-42/c645","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/a1f4537e95644abb","nativeRecordCid":"96904123-e74a-42d0-89c1-e3b3816e9052","documentId":"open-science-source-42","id":"c645","text":"Large private-sector investment in AI and its significance in scientific research attract talent away from academia to the private sector.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"private-sector AI investment implications","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The large investment in AI by the private sector and its significance in scientific research present various implications. These include the centralisation of critical digital infrastructure[292] ; the attraction of talent away from academia to the private sector[293] ; and challenges to open science[294] .","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-42/c646","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/89a33247e75e4230","nativeRecordCid":"05ca8968-415c-41fc-a1ad-c580af098a48","documentId":"open-science-source-42","id":"c646","text":"Large private-sector investment in AI and its significance in scientific research pose challenges to open science.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"private-sector AI investment implications","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The large investment in AI by the private sector and its significance in scientific research present various implications. These include the centralisation of critical digital infrastructure[292] ; the attraction of talent away from academia to the private sector[293] ; and challenges to open science[294] .","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-42/c647","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/ba58966a211143b8","nativeRecordCid":"9a32db27-10bb-4db5-ac61-d5b1688232b1","documentId":"open-science-source-42","id":"c647","text":"The influence of the private sector in the development of AI for science is not extraordinary.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"private sector influence on AI for science","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The influence of the private sector in the development of AI for science is not extraordinary.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-42/c648","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/35b28cf77fa8481c","nativeRecordCid":"de3ae54a-acf4-48d1-a238-3a94423afefa","documentId":"open-science-source-42","id":"c648","text":"The automation of tasks has historically been driven by industry actors in pursuit of reduced labour costs and greater scalability.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"automation of tasks","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Historically, the automation of tasks has been driven by industry actors in the pursuit of reduced labour costs and greater scalability[295] .","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-42/c649","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/b9ed7429b4eb43d8","nativeRecordCid":"b6a037a7-82bc-4c8b-9315-bf4646a35b87","documentId":"open-science-source-42","id":"c649","text":"The private sector continues to play a prominent role in advancing scientific research.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"private sector role in science","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Today, the private sector continues to play a prominent role in advancing scientific research, with many companies having AI-driven scientific programmes such as Alphabet’s Google DeepMind and Microsoft’s AI for Science[296] .","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-42/c650","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/a29055bd58de4085","nativeRecordCid":"3c235b6c-bff6-419e-a05d-7ff7176217df","documentId":"open-science-source-42","id":"c650","text":"The role of the private sector in science is expanding.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"private sector role in science","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The role of the private sector in science is also expanding as many companies contribute to provisioning essential resources like computational power, data access and novel AI technologies to the wider research community[297] .","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-42/c651","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/018ccc3e4b5c45dc","nativeRecordCid":"aa777f97-5e10-4704-b7ec-74e75b6d088b","documentId":"open-science-source-42","id":"c651","text":"Private sector companies contribute to provisioning essential resources such as computational power, data access and novel AI technologies to the wider research community.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"private sector resource provisioning","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The role of the private sector in science is also expanding as many companies contribute to provisioning essential resources like computational power, data access and novel AI technologies to the wider research community[297] .","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-42/c652","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/fca26fed49b348c9","nativeRecordCid":"1f9ee37b-8e02-4aae-99b6-b64cd0955a80","documentId":"open-science-source-42","id":"c652","text":"Public and private sector investment in AI for scientific advancement is increasing.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"investment in AI for science","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Public and private sector investment in AI for scientific advancement is increasing[298] .","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-42/c653","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/799eefbd6df64457","nativeRecordCid":"eeb7b02e-7e67-4073-8528-ef4bb2b32a2d","documentId":"open-science-source-42","id":"c653","text":"Intellectual property refers to creations of the mind, such as inventions, designs, or literary and artistic work.","kind":"definitional","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"intellectual property (IP)","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"IP refers to creations of the mind, such as inventions, designs, or literacy and artistic work.","representedInStars":false}
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{"key":"open-science-source-42/c655","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/6d177eaa304d4d5e","nativeRecordCid":"0e803567-04d4-43ed-b7f7-d00a0f08cca7","documentId":"open-science-source-42","id":"c655","text":"IP law includes trademark.","kind":"definitional","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"IP law","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"IP law includes copyright, trademark, trade secrets and patents which grant exclusive rights to inventors or assignees for a limited time in exchange for public disclosure of the invention[303] .","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-42/c656","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/9459e9ee247b4f8c","nativeRecordCid":"6e5d2d3f-b515-4c9e-a838-20a26aa0c580","documentId":"open-science-source-42","id":"c656","text":"IP law includes trade secrets.","kind":"definitional","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"IP law","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"IP law includes copyright, trademark, trade secrets and patents which grant exclusive rights to inventors or assignees for a limited time in exchange for public disclosure of the invention[303] .","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-42/c657","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/6c20ccbbf9f048f4","nativeRecordCid":"667e856f-841b-40b9-aaeb-9f35037e39f9","documentId":"open-science-source-42","id":"c657","text":"IP law includes patents.","kind":"definitional","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"IP law","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"IP law includes copyright, trademark, trade secrets and patents which grant exclusive rights to inventors or assignees for a limited time in exchange for public disclosure of the invention[303] .","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-42/c658","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/779f985c187c412e","nativeRecordCid":"efba48ec-3709-4079-9490-bb465e5c9f29","documentId":"open-science-source-42","id":"c658","text":"Patents grant exclusive rights to inventors or assignees for a limited time in exchange for public disclosure of the invention.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"patents","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"IP law includes copyright, trademark, trade secrets and patents which grant exclusive rights to inventors or assignees for a limited time in exchange for public disclosure of the invention[303] .","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-42/c659","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/c339d78a7ebe43e9","nativeRecordCid":"3e884df1-b5f2-4f01-a5f4-466d911346c1","documentId":"open-science-source-42","id":"c659","text":"Patent landscape reviews can provide useful findings.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"patent landscape reviews","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"While patent landscape reviews can provide useful findings, there are limitations.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-42/c660","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/43386ccbf3534948","nativeRecordCid":"19fd23ae-dd43-4a65-bfa5-bbae6c05fdd3","documentId":"open-science-source-42","id":"c660","text":"Patent landscape reviews have limitations.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"patent landscape reviews","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"While patent landscape reviews can provide useful findings, there are limitations.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-42/c661","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/c9ffca5b128a43e1","nativeRecordCid":"9641ae1a-08a3-49ab-8038-07e2b41afed8","documentId":"open-science-source-42","id":"c661","text":"Obtaining complete global patent data can be challenging.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"global patent data","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Obtaining complete global patent data can be challenging, and the analysis may present an incomplete picture due to limitations in data availability or accessibility.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-42/c662","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/de62a6278ac44cdc","nativeRecordCid":"14682ca5-2685-4c55-bd34-3f75042ed490","documentId":"open-science-source-42","id":"c662","text":"Delay times between priority application and patent publication vary between jurisdictions by a few months.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"patent publication delay","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"While delay times may vary between jurisdictions by a few months, there is an 18-month delay between priority application and patent publication in most of the main global territories.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-42/c663","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/44cf1b158efe4529","nativeRecordCid":"ba31a76b-bb04-4f82-adac-bb2d1cb9f886","documentId":"open-science-source-42","id":"c663","text":"There is an 18-month delay between priority application and patent publication in most of the main global territories.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"patent publication delay","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"While delay times may vary between jurisdictions by a few months, there is an 18-month delay between priority application and patent publication in most of the main global territories.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-42/c664","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/28de2c262d89490e","nativeRecordCid":"7f7b386c-2aa9-4711-ac90-ab2b408b39c2","documentId":"open-science-source-42","id":"c664","text":"Patent data alone does not capture the full extent of AI research and development.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"patent data","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Additionally, patent data alone does not capture the full extent of AI research and development, as some innovations may not be patented or may be protected through other IP laws including copyright, trade secrets and trademarks.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-42/c665","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/ec9842e911c04ca5","nativeRecordCid":"7e82aa20-ced7-47df-80e7-bff4ae64f0cd","documentId":"open-science-source-42","id":"c665","text":"Some innovations are not patented or are protected through other IP laws including copyright, trade secrets and trademarks.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"innovations and IP protection","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Additionally, patent data alone does not capture the full extent of AI research and development, as some innovations may not be patented or may be protected through other IP laws including copyright, trade secrets and trademarks.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-42/c666","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/f0799144006449bf","nativeRecordCid":"7c7f2f9e-a278-4ee1-81fc-dbd3ca14873c","documentId":"open-science-source-42","id":"c666","text":"The AI patent landscape has surged in the past decade.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"AI patent landscape","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The AI patent landscape has surged in the past decade, with approximately 74% of the total patent filings occurring in the last five years[306] (see Figure 2).","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-42/c667","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/af49ceb11e2849c4","nativeRecordCid":"40d3f996-ece9-4b6d-96a2-738f6e7fe6a8","documentId":"open-science-source-42","id":"c667","text":"China leads in AI patent filings, followed by the United States.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"AI patent filings by country","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Notably, China leads in AI patent filings, holding approximately 62% of the landscape, followed by the United States with around 13.2%[308] .","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-42/c668","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/0b3ee2a9dbc84747","nativeRecordCid":"dfd91b36-eeb4-4021-a88b-77cec4b616d4","documentId":"open-science-source-42","id":"c668","text":"The Asia-Pacific region is projected to have the highest compound annual growth rate in AI patent filings between 2022 and 2027, compared to the US and Europe.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"AI patent filing growth by region","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The Asia-Pacific region is projected to have the highest CAGR (48.6%) between 2022 and 2027, in comparison to the US (43%) and Europe (46.5%).","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-42/c669","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/2832e5bec86744a1","nativeRecordCid":"0242a487-e830-412b-8afe-0c341ede491b","documentId":"open-science-source-42","id":"c669","text":"The use of AI in the science and engineering market is being driven primarily by demand for AI technology to drive innovation and economic growth.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"AI in science and engineering market","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The use of AI in the science and engineering market is being driven primarily by the demand for AI technology to drive innovation and economic growth.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-42/c670","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/2c3983f0797645e4","nativeRecordCid":"a7e1a4fe-d915-493f-beec-2090d4658596","documentId":"open-science-source-42","id":"c670","text":"There is a correlation between patent filing trends and global market shares in AI for science.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"patent filing trends and market shares","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"As such, there is a correlation between patent filing trends and global market shares[311] .","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-42/c671","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/223c2b3b747c460b","nativeRecordCid":"2a9a84b7-1f18-4291-b509-5735721a5606","documentId":"open-science-source-42","id":"c671","text":"North America, with its rich concentration of technology firms and skilled professionals, dominates the AI for science and engineering market.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"North America's AI market position","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"North America, with its rich concentration of technology firms and skilled professionals, dominates this market[312] .","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-42/c672","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/ab00ae61921d413d","nativeRecordCid":"36829203-9bd6-49cd-9a14-0f70d5124822","documentId":"open-science-source-42","id":"c672","text":"In Europe, Germany leads the AI market, while the United Kingdom stands out with a significant share of the AI for life sciences market and the region's highest forecasted growth rate.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"Germany and UK in European AI market","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"In Europe, Germany leads, but the United Kingdom stands out with a significant 14.7% share in the AI for life sciences market and has the region’s highest forecasted CAGR of 47.9%[313] .","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-42/c673","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/261dfb2ee6c54bb9","nativeRecordCid":"17f46e64-7349-4b4b-8517-8d7b3cc831f6","documentId":"open-science-source-42","id":"c673","text":"The United Kingdom, ranking 10th globally and 2nd in Europe for patent filings, demonstrates strong growth potential.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"UK patent filing growth potential","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The UK, ranking 10th globally and 2nd in Europe for patent filings, demonstrates strong growth potential[314] .","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-42/c674","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/36cf5324b5a54ee1","nativeRecordCid":"41ee11a8-28b5-4feb-9005-8334a6e6db58","documentId":"open-science-source-42","id":"c674","text":"The UK Intellectual Property Office adopts a more patentee-friendly approach to examining computer-implemented and AI inventions compared to the European Patent Office.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"UKIPO versus EPO examination approach","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The UK Intellectual Property Office (UKIPO) adopts a more patentee-friendly approach to examining computer-implemented and AI inventions compared to the European Patent Office (EPO), as underscored by recent decisions like Emotional Perception AI vs Comptroller General of Patents[315] .","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-42/c675","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/e83559bfef354ad3","nativeRecordCid":"70529107-d4b8-42c6-80f5-0d5a69a15f5f","documentId":"open-science-source-42","id":"c675","text":"Recent rulings have reinforced the UK's position as a preferred region for AI-related IP protection.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"UK as preferred region for AI IP","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"While this decision has been appealed and currently awaits review, recent rulings have reinforced the UK’s position as a preferred region for AI-related IP protection, bolstering its role as a key player in AI innovation.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-42/c676","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/7dde5c26a84e49b0","nativeRecordCid":"4d64c709-25ef-442b-a462-67769480a1b1","documentId":"open-science-source-42","id":"c676","text":"The UK plays a key role in AI innovation.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"UK's role in AI innovation","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"While this decision has been appealed and currently awaits review, recent rulings have reinforced the UK’s position as a preferred region for AI-related IP protection, bolstering its role as a key player in AI innovation.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-42/c677","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/edea46b7ba5b4a68","nativeRecordCid":"c442cf90-8859-416f-82b3-54969fa5a974","documentId":"open-science-source-42","id":"c677","text":"The global AI patent landscape is marred by disparities.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"global AI patent landscape disparities","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"However, the global landscape is marred by disparities.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-42/c678","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/02fe0649d8f849ef","nativeRecordCid":"cad4b7db-500d-401b-a49f-90ccb7443cae","documentId":"open-science-source-42","id":"c678","text":"Costly and intricate patent application processes, particularly in regions like Africa, pose considerable barriers.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"patent application processes as barriers","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The costly and intricate patent application processes, particularly in regions like Africa, pose considerable barriers.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-42/c679","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/048a360d485c4de8","nativeRecordCid":"31947b2d-fe41-473d-b438-4a9445e634e5","documentId":"open-science-source-42","id":"c679","text":"High IP registration expenses and lack of a unified system hamper patenting in Africa despite a surge in African technology hubs.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"barriers to patenting in Africa","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Despite a surge in African technology hubs, high IP registration expenses and lack of a unified system hamper patenting[317] .","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-42/c680","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/ef037f7e834d4190","nativeRecordCid":"1492fc6b-c86d-4683-a080-5f3dba97fb17","documentId":"open-science-source-42","id":"c680","text":"In terms of technological impact, the US stands out for having valuable AI patents.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"US patents' technological impact","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"In terms of technological impact (indicated by the number of times that a patent is cited by a later patent or forward citations) the US stands out for having valuable patents.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-42/c681","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/a579272df8a54737","nativeRecordCid":"a6645982-1868-479b-a87f-66a8a99ddc5f","documentId":"open-science-source-42","id":"c681","text":"Despite India's significant growth in AI patent filings, it has not yet achieved large technological impact.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"India's AI patent growth and impact","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Comparatively, despite India’s significant growth in AI patent filings, it has not yet achieved large technological impact.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-42/c682","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/bac5a51d83904264","nativeRecordCid":"2deac42c-551a-439b-a3b8-29462caac48e","documentId":"open-science-source-42","id":"c682","text":"While the UK represents a smaller portion of the AI patent landscape, it demonstrates research and innovation influence, ranking among the highest globally.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"UK's AI research and innovation influence","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"While the UK, though representing a smaller portion of the patent landscape, demonstrates research and innovation influence, ranking among the highest globally[319] .","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-42/c683","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/083107dfe5774ff3","nativeRecordCid":"9875183c-f42d-46ad-8d44-a067596eac23","documentId":"open-science-source-42","id":"c683","text":"Analysis of the top 20 assignees in AI-related patents underscores the active involvement of both industry and academic entities within the broader scientific and engineering research sphere.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"industry and academic involvement in AI patents","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The analysis of the top 20 assignees in AI-related patents underscores the active involvement of both industry and academic entities within the broader scientific and engineering research sphere.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-42/c684","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/4c681dc3c8104e1e","nativeRecordCid":"837dcd08-f56d-4376-a14e-5aed66a0e511","documentId":"open-science-source-42","id":"c684","text":"Companies such as Canon, Alphabet, Siemens, IBM, and Samsung have emerged as key contributors with substantial patent portfolios that wield considerable influence across scientific and engineering domains.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"major companies' influence via patent portfolios","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Notably, companies such as Canon, Alphabet, Siemens, IBM, and Samsung have emerged as key contributors, with substantial patent portfolios that wield considerable influence across scientific and engineering domains.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-42/c685","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/29753b8bdb244418","nativeRecordCid":"f6d5eb12-d7bf-4cbd-99f0-7da31c19baac","documentId":"open-science-source-42","id":"c685","text":"Commercial entities dominate AI-related patent filings in most regions.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"commercial entities' dominance in patent filings","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Despite the dominance of commercial entities in most regions, academic institutions including the University of Oxford, Imperial College London, and University of Cambridge feature prominently among the top patent filers in the UK[320] , suggesting blend of academic-industry collaboration and independent contributions[321] .","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-42/c686","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/c126877260a740c3","nativeRecordCid":"02741d78-f8bf-46fa-ae6b-a77d364f248a","documentId":"open-science-source-42","id":"c686","text":"Academic institutions feature prominently among the top AI patent filers in the UK, suggesting a blend of academic-industry collaboration and independent contributions.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"academic institutions among top UK patent filers","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Despite the dominance of commercial entities in most regions, academic institutions including the University of Oxford, Imperial College London, and University of Cambridge feature prominently among the top patent filers in the UK[320] , suggesting blend of academic-industry collaboration and independent contributions[321] .","representedInStars":false}
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{"key":"open-science-source-42/c713","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/8a3d3e1be53746dc","nativeRecordCid":"9087db7e-991b-4830-8496-af70a5f64678","documentId":"open-science-source-42","id":"c713","text":"Industrial partnerships for mutual benefit can drive cross-industry AI adoption by sharing software, hardware and talent.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"industrial partnerships driving AI adoption","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"For example, industrial partnerships for mutual benefits, such as the partnership between Siemens and Microsoft, can drive cross-industry AI adoption by sharing software, hardware and talent[344] .","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-42/c714","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/0d49876569e047f2","nativeRecordCid":"3de9e8a7-8c2c-4011-b399-c752506561b8","documentId":"open-science-source-42","id":"c714","text":"Private sector dominance in AI for science poses challenges to AI safety.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"private sector dominance and AI safety","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Private sector dominance in AI for science also poses challenges to AI safety.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-42/c715","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/2af362360d754641","nativeRecordCid":"db6afc15-6f2d-49b3-90ce-706e346431e9","documentId":"open-science-source-42","id":"c715","text":"Organisations and institutions leading AI development often determine their own ability to assess harm, establish safeguards, and safely release their models.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"AI developers self-determining safety practices","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Organisations and institutions leading AI development often determine their own ability to assess harm, establish safeguards, and safely release their models.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-42/c716","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/75db545426c24c6a","nativeRecordCid":"29c470ab-cea5-4068-88ce-e592434141d3","documentId":"open-science-source-42","id":"c716","text":"Commercial incentives and safety considerations can come into tension with scientific values such as transparency and open science practices.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"tension between commercial incentives and scientific values","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"As described by OpenAI in the paper behind the release of GPT-4, commercial incentives and safety considerations can come into tension with scientific values such as transparency and open science practices[346] .","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-42/c717","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/bb980cd06a544bd8","nativeRecordCid":"c08fc909-f22c-40f5-92d3-fa2b230fd611","documentId":"open-science-source-42","id":"c717","text":"Scientific communities may consider and develop frameworks to assess the conditions under which releasing training data is safe.","kind":"normative","modality":"may","actor":"scientific communities","subject":"frameworks for safe release of training data","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Similar frameworks can be considered and developed by scientific communities to assess the conditions under which releasing training data is safe, allowing them to contribute to scientific progress while reducing potential for harm and misuse.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-42/c718","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/53cfe69098e848a9","nativeRecordCid":"c88ba0e3-f8e2-488d-b448-e01dac36b58a","documentId":"open-science-source-42","id":"c718","text":"Universities can play a crucial role in advancing AI safety, by promoting ethical research standards or incentivising academic research on AI harms.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"universities' role in AI safety","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Universities can also play a crucial role in advancing AI safety, by promoting ethical research standards or incentivising academic research on AI harms.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-42/c719","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/b31720eb7fea4751","nativeRecordCid":"dbd7caf9-b1a9-4ed6-902a-f4b21deb7588","documentId":"open-science-source-42","id":"c719","text":"Universities do not have the same capabilities as large technology companies to institute robust safeguards and best practices across all aspects of complex AI development.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"universities' capability gap versus tech companies","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"However, they do not have the same capabilities as large technology companies to institute robust safeguards and best practices across all aspects of complex AI development.","representedInStars":false}
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{"key":"open-science-source-42/c745","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/ef6a1f20aeb54024","nativeRecordCid":"f264a528-416b-4ca7-a60a-f1f1bd4da43b","documentId":"open-science-source-42","id":"c745","text":"Algorithmic biases in AI integrated in medicine can lead to inaccurate medical diagnoses.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"algorithmic bias in medicine","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The integration of AI in medicine has, for example, highlighted how algorithmic biases can lead to inaccurate medical diagnoses, inadequate treatment, and exacerbated healthcare disparities[369,370] .","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-42/c746","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/cb42a7b29d86458e","nativeRecordCid":"5178fc92-f2e6-4616-a421-b783dfcf7c83","documentId":"open-science-source-42","id":"c746","text":"Algorithmic biases in AI integrated in medicine can lead to inadequate treatment.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"algorithmic bias in medicine","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The integration of AI in medicine has, for example, highlighted how algorithmic biases can lead to inaccurate medical diagnoses, inadequate treatment, and exacerbated healthcare disparities[369,370] .","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-42/c747","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/ce132b2cc8ee45a0","nativeRecordCid":"c9c95e87-7b56-4980-aa2e-e1eb27c3b567","documentId":"open-science-source-42","id":"c747","text":"Algorithmic biases in AI integrated in medicine can lead to exacerbated healthcare disparities.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"algorithmic bias in medicine","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The integration of AI in medicine has, for example, highlighted how algorithmic biases can lead to inaccurate medical diagnoses, inadequate treatment, and exacerbated healthcare disparities[369,370] .","representedInStars":false}
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{"key":"open-science-source-42/c753","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/1bce094933964b11","nativeRecordCid":"8c4251a1-a4f9-4c1f-8c99-b28892cf5d1d","documentId":"open-science-source-42","id":"c753","text":"AI can reduce plagiarism.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"AI in peer review","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Among other applications, it can support reviewers in identifying false citations[373] , boost the quality of papers[374] and reduce plagiarism[375] .","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-42/c754","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/e36c5dc6f6a746e9","nativeRecordCid":"0f72c5a4-c68d-4b2d-b2c9-828451b864de","documentId":"open-science-source-42","id":"c754","text":"AI can contribute towards reducing 'first-impression' bias by human reviewers.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"AI and reviewer bias","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"While AI can contribute towards reducing “first-impression” bias by human reviewers, it can also reinforce pre-existing gender, language or institutional biases entrenched in training datasets[376] which can harm career progression opportunities for underrepresented scholars[377] .","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-42/c755","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/721269101b5c4125","nativeRecordCid":"5168e214-2667-43f7-9bde-3bcfc7744283","documentId":"open-science-source-42","id":"c755","text":"AI can reinforce pre-existing gender, language or institutional biases entrenched in training datasets.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"AI and training-dataset bias","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"While AI can contribute towards reducing “first-impression” bias by human reviewers, it can also reinforce pre-existing gender, language or institutional biases entrenched in training datasets[376] which can harm career progression opportunities for underrepresented scholars[377] .","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-42/c756","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/6410dc90b9494b06","nativeRecordCid":"c6a00621-5ae5-4d26-bd07-2a9bd7b0426a","documentId":"open-science-source-42","id":"c756","text":"Pre-existing gender, language or institutional biases reinforced by AI can harm career progression opportunities for underrepresented scholars.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"reinforced bias and career progression","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"While AI can contribute towards reducing “first-impression” bias by human reviewers, it can also reinforce pre-existing gender, language or institutional biases entrenched in training datasets[376] which can harm career progression opportunities for underrepresented scholars[377] .","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-42/c757","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/c697b6420ec84ea8","nativeRecordCid":"87f2a115-7da7-4187-bf04-d990afd38fb3","documentId":"open-science-source-42","id":"c757","text":"Initiatives such as the GRAIL project are exploring ethical principles and best practices for using AI in research funding and evaluation.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"initiatives on AI ethics in research funding","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Initiatives like the GRAIL project are exploring ethical principles and best practices for using AI in research funding and evaluation[378] .","representedInStars":false}
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{"key":"open-science-source-42/c761","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/d7b913ad97654765","nativeRecordCid":"009f0129-1b3a-40be-8613-abf92528d30b","documentId":"open-science-source-42","id":"c761","text":"BLOOM has been developed under an ethical charter that centres values such as diversity, inclusivity, and reproducibility, and aims to foster accessibility, multilingualism, and interdisciplinarity.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"BLOOM ethical charter","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Training data is available, and the model has been developed under an ethical charter that centres values such as diversity, inclusivity, reproducibility; and aims to foster accessibility, multilingualism and interdisciplinarity[380] .","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-42/c762","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/004401ee06a34141","nativeRecordCid":"b174f86b-7aa6-46e2-a095-8b7d8efaaddb","documentId":"open-science-source-42","id":"c762","text":"The growing use of general-purpose or foundation models in science brings about unique considerations around ethics and safety.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"foundation models in science","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The growing use of general-purpose or foundation models in science (eg generative AI and LLMs) brings about unique considerations around ethics and safety.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-42/c763","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/6da443b633b24d55","nativeRecordCid":"57c61399-3f67-401b-9ac4-800b095b330a","documentId":"open-science-source-42","id":"c763","text":"LLMs can be used to accelerate academic writing.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"LLMs and academic writing","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"For example, while LLMs can be used to accelerate academic writing, they can also be used to intentionally generate scientific disinformation[381] .","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-42/c764","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/f9afa5f96180414d","nativeRecordCid":"e6e1821b-02aa-4fe7-8c7f-999a56fd1c25","documentId":"open-science-source-42","id":"c764","text":"LLMs can be used to intentionally generate scientific disinformation.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"LLMs and disinformation","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"For example, while LLMs can be used to accelerate academic writing, they can also be used to intentionally generate scientific disinformation[381] .","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-42/c765","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/3c41b910daf64901","nativeRecordCid":"f0978486-6408-4617-8dfb-dee1ca7d6c86","documentId":"open-science-source-42","id":"c765","text":"Increased public access to LLMs reduces barriers for malicious actors to generate convincing machine-created content.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"public access to LLMs","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Increased public access to LLMs reduces barriers for malicious actors to generate convincing machine-created content that reduces the likelihood of human detection[382] (see Box 1 on the Royal Society’s red teaming exercise on scientific disinformation).","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-42/c766","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/843b8ad146d049c4","nativeRecordCid":"1e820509-2a43-4df9-ba78-822ba6fe90b5","documentId":"open-science-source-42","id":"c766","text":"Machine-created content generated by malicious actors using LLMs reduces the likelihood of human detection.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"machine-created content detection","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Increased public access to LLMs reduces barriers for malicious actors to generate convincing machine-created content that reduces the likelihood of human detection[382] (see Box 1 on the Royal Society’s red teaming exercise on scientific disinformation).","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-42/c767","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/ece64591273141ee","nativeRecordCid":"f93dce5f-28d3-4e02-9fb0-f7fc11aaaeff","documentId":"open-science-source-42","id":"c767","text":"The use of LLMs in a scientific project can increase exposure to hallucinations.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"LLMs and hallucinations","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The use of LLMs in a scientific project, can also increase exposure to ‘hallucinations’ – which refers to the generation of convincing and realistic outputs which do not correspond to real-world inputs.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-42/c768","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/f4fb28ed942e42f9","nativeRecordCid":"3d5c7aea-905f-4290-a2cd-9a011b6541fb","documentId":"open-science-source-42","id":"c768","text":"Hallucinations refer to the generation of convincing and realistic outputs which do not correspond to real-world inputs.","kind":"definitional","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"hallucinations","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The use of LLMs in a scientific project, can also increase exposure to ‘hallucinations’ – which refers to the generation of convincing and realistic outputs which do not correspond to real-world inputs.","representedInStars":false}
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{"key":"open-science-source-42/c770","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/3dcbf21b10494163","nativeRecordCid":"3a99ef0c-c442-4726-9bab-ad526d14458c","documentId":"open-science-source-42","id":"c770","text":"GPT technologies can fabricate data when responding to a prompt, even when there is no malicious intent.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"GPT technologies","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Even when there is no malicious intent, general pre-trained transformer (GPT) technologies can fabricate facts, data and citations when responding to a prompt.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-42/c771","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/00b8a14bb6504e10","nativeRecordCid":"29b3d6d7-eba2-4ea8-8dab-4fa976307946","documentId":"open-science-source-42","id":"c771","text":"GPT technologies can fabricate citations when responding to a prompt, even when there is no malicious intent.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"GPT technologies","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Even when there is no malicious intent, general pre-trained transformer (GPT) technologies can fabricate facts, data and citations when responding to a prompt.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-42/c772","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/c2d1d7e70b2848e8","nativeRecordCid":"2dd76a42-53ee-4e9b-9401-562cc639e866","documentId":"open-science-source-42","id":"c772","text":"The rapid surge of machine-generated disinformation online increases the risk that the next generation of models trained on web-scraped data will degrade in performance.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"machine-generated disinformation and model degradation","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The rapid surge of machine-generated disinformation online increases the risk that the next generation of models trained on web-scraped data will degrade in performance and absorb distortions and inaccuracies found in fabricated text and data[383] .","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-42/c773","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/67ecd4518ca34640","nativeRecordCid":"8db98a70-e13b-4e6d-9f3b-dd49cbf392e0","documentId":"open-science-source-42","id":"c773","text":"The rapid surge of machine-generated disinformation online increases the risk that the next generation of models trained on web-scraped data will absorb distortions and inaccuracies found in fabricated text and data.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"machine-generated disinformation and model degradation","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The rapid surge of machine-generated disinformation online increases the risk that the next generation of models trained on web-scraped data will degrade in performance and absorb distortions and inaccuracies found in fabricated text and data[383] .","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-42/c774","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/ab889066a2e44b2d","nativeRecordCid":"61017f11-d208-4f55-989f-81c8ded9dd2f","documentId":"open-science-source-42","id":"c774","text":"Hallucinations can erode public trust in science.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"hallucinations and public trust","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"As with other forms of misinformation, hallucinations can erode public trust in science[385] .","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-42/c775","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/3d2d4ad4f33d4c8c","nativeRecordCid":"279c35ae-7ea1-4250-9be7-ac4611f85766","documentId":"open-science-source-42","id":"c775","text":"Methods for AI validation and disclosure, such as watermarking or content provenance technologies, are being explored to enable the detection of AI-generated content, mitigate potential harms caused by hallucinations, and ensure public trust in emerging AI systems.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"AI validation and disclosure methods","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Methods for AI validation and disclosure, such as watermarking or content provenance technologies[386] , are being explored to enable the detection of AIgenerated content and mitigate potential harms caused by hallucinations[387] ,as well as, to ensure public trust in emerging AI systems[388] .","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-42/c776","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/b60a9120c8a64eb5","nativeRecordCid":"f74ea39b-bf3b-46d8-8a35-488d3134a217","documentId":"open-science-source-42","id":"c776","text":"Dual use of AI systems refers to situations in which a system developed for a specific use is then appropriated or modified for a different use.","kind":"definitional","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"dual use of AI systems","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The dual use of AI systems refers to situations in which a system developed for a specific use is then appropriated or modified for a different use.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-42/c777","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/28ba987fc1624cfe","nativeRecordCid":"e0636654-ae07-4e1f-a236-bd1abd1beb4a","documentId":"open-science-source-42","id":"c777","text":"Malicious use refers to applications in which the intent is to cause harm.","kind":"definitional","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"malicious use","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Malicious use refers to applications in which the intent is to cause harm[389] .","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-42/c778","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/5b59ee6af09a4270","nativeRecordCid":"73dc0a61-ba35-4ac1-924e-253280e9203c","documentId":"open-science-source-42","id":"c778","text":"The development of chemical and biological weapons using AI systems that have beneficial applications for scientific research is among the most prominent and documented examples of malicious use of AI.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"malicious use of AI in weapons development","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Among the most prominent and\n\ndocumented examples of malicious use of AI, is the development of chemical and biological weapons using AI systems that have beneficial applications for scientific research.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-42/c779","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/4faf37d3a3074c48","nativeRecordCid":"4c528f9a-d103-4ea2-b1dc-eaf3d2516796","documentId":"open-science-source-42","id":"c779","text":"The theoretical generation of toxic molecules does not imply that their production is viable or feasible.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"toxic molecule generation","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"While the theoretical generation of toxic molecules does not imply their production is viable or feasible, the experiment shows how AI can speed up the process of creating hazardous substances, including lethal bioweapons[391] .","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-42/c780","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/8e722fbf7f224938","nativeRecordCid":"27ec2cd7-b6ff-423f-8b83-e381c050a752","documentId":"open-science-source-42","id":"c780","text":"AI can speed up the process of creating hazardous substances, including lethal bioweapons.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"AI and hazardous substance creation","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"While the theoretical generation of toxic molecules does not imply their production is viable or feasible, the experiment shows how AI can speed up the process of creating hazardous substances, including lethal bioweapons[391] .","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-42/c781","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/d58c68afa041482d","nativeRecordCid":"19ebae70-167b-4412-b5db-88e5b6f3e0b8","documentId":"open-science-source-42","id":"c781","text":"Measures to enhance AI safety in science must consider the development of robust models that can withstand adversarial data-based attacks.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"","subject":"AI safety measures","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Measures to enhance AI safety in science need to consider the development of robust models that can withstand adversarial data-based attacks[393] .","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-42/c782","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/27a085335c074e0b","nativeRecordCid":"790588db-1469-46fa-86ef-2ba21f11c09a","documentId":"open-science-source-42","id":"c782","text":"Training AI models on vast and poorly curated datasets creates vulnerabilities to instances of 'data poisoning', 'false data injections' or 'one-pixel' attacks.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"AI model training vulnerabilities","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Training AI models on vast, and poorly curated datasets, creates vulnerabilities to instances of ‘data poisoning’, ‘false data injections’ or ‘one-pixel’ attacks[394] .","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-42/c783","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/1ad400245fa04b7a","nativeRecordCid":"91e617e4-795d-4c9a-a194-b7a9bfe8ab3a","documentId":"open-science-source-42","id":"c783","text":"These tactics involve inserting noisy, incorrect, or manipulated data to deceive machine learning systems while remaining imperceptible or hard to detect for humans.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"adversarial data attack tactics","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"These tactics involve inserting noisy, incorrect, or manipulated data to deceive machine learning systems while remaining imperceptible or hard to detect for humans[395,396,397] .","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-42/c784","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/81c97db271eb45dc","nativeRecordCid":"fe135cb8-a504-4dd3-b943-ea07e33ab63f","documentId":"open-science-source-42","id":"c784","text":"'Poisoned' or manipulated datasets are one of the most common and documented attacks to the reliability of AI systems.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"poisoned datasets and AI reliability","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"‘Poisoned’ or manipulated datasets are one of the most common and documented attacks to the reliability of AI systems[398] .","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-42/c785","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/65532083fb98442d","nativeRecordCid":"adda66c7-5794-4b0e-ba5a-33e9cf3acdae","documentId":"open-science-source-42","id":"c785","text":"The collection, analysis, storage and sharing of data required for AI-based systems has a significant environmental impact.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"data handling for AI-based systems","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The collection, analysis, storage and sharing of data required for AI-based systems has a significant environmental impact[399] .","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-42/c786","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/fae1aeae3e454d03","nativeRecordCid":"59b12f0c-5fc1-4ac6-bb19-0db3e6d3f687","documentId":"open-science-source-42","id":"c786","text":"As datasets and models get larger, the greenhouse gas emissions of data centres are likely to increase.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"greenhouse gas emissions of data centres","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"as datasets and models get larger, this is likely to increase.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-42/c787","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/2201f6b886de4fb7","nativeRecordCid":"04f390dc-b583-4775-baab-3694b971cd97","documentId":"open-science-source-42","id":"c787","text":"AI-based systems must meet the principle of energy proportionality to mitigate the negative impacts of climate change.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"AI-based systems","subject":"energy proportionality of AI-based systems","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"To mitigate the negative impacts of climate change, these systems will need to meet the principle of energy proportionality[402 ] and environmentally sustainable computational science (ESCS) best practices.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-42/c788","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/03f8bb350416461e","nativeRecordCid":"4f3b2ff3-ec7b-4b0a-9592-1ed1d98db1bb","documentId":"open-science-source-42","id":"c788","text":"AI-based systems must meet environmentally sustainable computational science (ESCS) best practices to mitigate the negative impacts of climate change.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"AI-based systems","subject":"ESCS best practices for AI-based systems","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"To mitigate the negative impacts of climate change, these systems will need to meet the principle of energy proportionality[402 ] and environmentally sustainable computational science (ESCS) best practices.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-42/c789","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/3ad27a0f464f4a73","nativeRecordCid":"d3d20c76-34ef-4348-9db3-8be4d0e1bc58","documentId":"open-science-source-42","id":"c789","text":"Integrating green computing techniques into research methods is a development improving the environmental sustainability of AI-based tools.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"green computing techniques in research methods","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Integration of green computing techniques into research methods[403]","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-42/c790","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/3859a3a5b36b4bb3","nativeRecordCid":"47d0de7b-19c6-4ac7-9820-77b93b32b3e0","documentId":"open-science-source-42","id":"c790","text":"Certification standards for sustainable lab practices are a development improving the environmental sustainability of AI-based tools.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"certification standards for sustainable lab practices","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Certification standards for sustainable lab practices. Expanding ‘Green Lab’ grassroots networks in conjunction with institutional policies can reshape researcher norms[404] .","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-42/c791","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/7786d9b4fcb44b85","nativeRecordCid":"efebc843-0c51-4b23-a0b5-2938ee25ff79","documentId":"open-science-source-42","id":"c791","text":"Expanding 'Green Lab' grassroots networks in conjunction with institutional policies can reshape researcher norms.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"Green Lab grassroots networks","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Expanding ‘Green Lab’ grassroots networks in conjunction with institutional policies can reshape researcher norms[404] .","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-42/c792","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/faa49c8aa6b5440d","nativeRecordCid":"90f629e0-bb3a-4665-a892-2570c5c152f9","documentId":"open-science-source-42","id":"c792","text":"Funders can mandate carbon reporting in AI-based research projects.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"funders and carbon reporting","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Funders can mandate carbon reporting and support upgrades like energy-efficient hardware in AI-based research projects[405] .","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-42/c793","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/681c78c8731e43d8","nativeRecordCid":"6cc4b0ec-4c5b-4fe4-a7ef-ec54681700e0","documentId":"open-science-source-42","id":"c793","text":"Funders can support upgrades like energy-efficient hardware in AI-based research projects.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"funders and energy-efficient hardware upgrades","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Funders can mandate carbon reporting and support upgrades like energy-efficient hardware in AI-based research projects[405] .","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-42/c794","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/f68ec13f59e64bea","nativeRecordCid":"2ac4eaf3-6dd7-43a9-b4f7-65da4c964e35","documentId":"open-science-source-42","id":"c794","text":"Governmental mandates and regulatory pressure are a development improving the environmental sustainability of AI-based tools.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"governmental mandates and regulatory pressure","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Governmental mandates and regulatory pressure – the EU’s carbon reporting rules now cover 50,000+ companies[406] .","representedInStars":false}
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{"key":"open-science-source-42/c796","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/ea23aba82ae54acd","nativeRecordCid":"16c3f357-b50d-4ef0-b627-2b5be19cde8a","documentId":"open-science-source-42","id":"c796","text":"Immersive technologies provide virtual experiences that minimise on-site damage.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"immersive technologies","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"For example, immersive technologies provide virtual experiences, minimising on-site damage and visualisation which can bolster preparation efficiency[407,408] .","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-42/c797","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/c5026c29ee284b17","nativeRecordCid":"b33226b1-402e-454e-8213-436db6a43e84","documentId":"open-science-source-42","id":"c797","text":"Visualisation can bolster preparation efficiency.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"visualisation","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"For example, immersive technologies provide virtual experiences, minimising on-site damage and visualisation which can bolster preparation efficiency[407,408] .","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-42/c798","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/e391ea49159b4010","nativeRecordCid":"e38fdb02-6f4c-4710-9b34-ec60ecc6073f","documentId":"open-science-source-42","id":"c798","text":"The development and use of AI tools relies on a critical but often invisible human infrastructure.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"AI tools and human infrastructure","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The development and use of AI tools relies on a critical but often invisible human infrastructure.","representedInStars":false}
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{"key":"open-science-source-42/c800","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/34d1e57148b942b4","nativeRecordCid":"aec54093-352b-463c-8242-6c49fe118df6","documentId":"open-science-source-42","id":"c800","text":"Human labour in AI deployment is in some cases underappreciated under the guise of automation.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"underappreciation of human labour in AI","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Even though human labour is essential for AI deployment, in some cases it remains underappreciated under the guise of ‘automation’.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-42/c801","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/77d62070994240bc","nativeRecordCid":"c13c8824-b4a5-4b25-84b1-89918376d7bf","documentId":"open-science-source-42","id":"c801","text":"The impact of AI on labour can include shifts in the labour market.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"impact of AI on labour","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The impact on labour can span from shifts in the labour market[411] to the exploitation of data workers that power large AI systems[412] .","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-42/c802","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/af2155500861413d","nativeRecordCid":"24be131d-f05a-4ae8-acfc-c9225ea91209","documentId":"open-science-source-42","id":"c802","text":"The impact of AI on labour can include the exploitation of data workers that power large AI systems.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"impact of AI on labour","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The impact on labour can span from shifts in the labour market[411] to the exploitation of data workers that power large AI systems[412] .","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-42/c803","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/b629e5b120be4538","nativeRecordCid":"cbfffbd6-b58c-4686-aa15-2ec7c7826949","documentId":"open-science-source-42","id":"c803","text":"Interrogating the organisation of labour can contribute towards generating accountability to develop responsible AI supply chains.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"organisation of labour and AI supply chains","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Interrogating the organisation of labour can contribute towards generating accountability to develop responsible AI supply chains[413] .","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-42/c804","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/d352a82e3ce7462b","nativeRecordCid":"abf0313c-03d5-476b-8a5b-8e139702b8e7","documentId":"open-science-source-42","id":"c804","text":"There are opportunities for the scientific community to proactively consider strategies to monitor, anticipate and respond to unforeseen harms caused by the use of AI systems.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"scientific community and AI harm strategies","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"There are opportunities for the scientific community (from scientists to system developers and funders)[414] to proactively consider strategies to monitor, anticipate and respond to unforeseen harms caused by the use of AI systems[415] .","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-42/c805","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/fd58ce75c96c4459","nativeRecordCid":"89a64b3d-1715-4b95-87ac-0c456b2f7b20","documentId":"open-science-source-42","id":"c805","text":"Audits, impact assessments, or evaluation frameworks may be established to understand sociotechnical harms stemming from different fields.","kind":"normative","modality":"may","actor":"","subject":"domain-specific taxonomy for harms","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Establish audits, impact assessments or evaluation frameworks to understand sociotechnical harms stemming from different fields.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-42/c806","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/4788449d78414c85","nativeRecordCid":"cf7293ad-b414-4039-aa9f-a292e665573c","documentId":"open-science-source-42","id":"c806","text":"Ethical guidelines and codes of conduct can guide the design of AI models used for science.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"ethical guidelines and codes of conduct","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Ethical guidelines and codes of conduct can guide design of AI models used for science, prevent misuse and establish best practices.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-42/c807","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/ae07a076429a43fd","nativeRecordCid":"1f5791a5-aa85-4512-81de-a84212de8089","documentId":"open-science-source-42","id":"c807","text":"Ethical guidelines and codes of conduct can prevent misuse of AI models used for science.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"ethical guidelines and codes of conduct","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Ethical guidelines and codes of conduct can guide design of AI models used for science, prevent misuse and establish best practices.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-42/c808","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/172269dc7efc4335","nativeRecordCid":"13ad83b1-58da-4757-a805-11e2cde6e742","documentId":"open-science-source-42","id":"c808","text":"Ethical guidelines and codes of conduct can establish best practices for AI models used for science.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"ethical guidelines and codes of conduct","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Ethical guidelines and codes of conduct can guide design of AI models used for science, prevent misuse and establish best practices.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-42/c809","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/667f880fc42849dc","nativeRecordCid":"0a285315-d777-4514-8e56-ca39ca8eae64","documentId":"open-science-source-42","id":"c809","text":"The Hague Ethical Guidelines promote a code of conduct to guard against the misuse of chemistry research.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"Hague Ethical Guidelines","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Examples include Hague Ethical Guidelines[418] , which promote a code of conduct to guard against the misuse of chemistry research, or UNESCO’s guidelines for Ethical Artificial Intelligence, the first-ever global standard on AI ethics aimed at maximising the benefits and minimising the downside risks of the use of AI for scientific discoveries[419] .","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-42/c810","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/6fe8f2d6402e45f9","nativeRecordCid":"080a8f7c-7c47-4a1b-a300-c99f9fa078cc","documentId":"open-science-source-42","id":"c810","text":"UNESCO's guidelines for Ethical Artificial Intelligence are the first-ever global standard on AI ethics.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"UNESCO guidelines for Ethical Artificial Intelligence","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Examples include Hague Ethical Guidelines[418] , which promote a code of conduct to guard against the misuse of chemistry research, or UNESCO’s guidelines for Ethical Artificial Intelligence, the first-ever global standard on AI ethics aimed at maximising the benefits and minimising the downside risks of the use of AI for scientific discoveries[419] .","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-42/c811","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/2d7feeebcb5244a0","nativeRecordCid":"18e4f7e0-f19a-491d-aa55-987c4f05d5f5","documentId":"open-science-source-42","id":"c811","text":"UNESCO's guidelines for Ethical Artificial Intelligence are aimed at maximising the benefits of using AI for scientific discoveries.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"UNESCO guidelines for Ethical Artificial Intelligence","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Examples include Hague Ethical Guidelines[418] , which promote a code of conduct to guard against the misuse of chemistry research, or UNESCO’s guidelines for Ethical Artificial Intelligence, the first-ever global standard on AI ethics aimed at maximising the benefits and minimising the downside risks of the use of AI for scientific discoveries[419] .","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-42/c812","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/4a525ce99272488a","nativeRecordCid":"aee3e2fe-6023-4203-9328-e11eb925b811","documentId":"open-science-source-42","id":"c812","text":"UNESCO's guidelines for Ethical Artificial Intelligence are aimed at minimising the downside risks of using AI for scientific discoveries.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"UNESCO guidelines for Ethical Artificial Intelligence","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Examples include Hague Ethical Guidelines[418] , which promote a code of conduct to guard against the misuse of chemistry research, or UNESCO’s guidelines for Ethical Artificial Intelligence, the first-ever global standard on AI ethics aimed at maximising the benefits and minimising the downside risks of the use of AI for scientific discoveries[419] .","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-42/c813","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/cc04493cfe2048f9","nativeRecordCid":"57c41ec5-2124-4b8d-bd22-a23c6821a66a","documentId":"open-science-source-42","id":"c813","text":"Further domain-specific guidance must be developed to ensure scientists across domains and sectors can make informed decisions when integrating AI into their work.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"","subject":"domain-specific guidance for AI ethics","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Further domain-specific guidance is needed to ensure scientists across domains and sectors can make informed decisions when integrating AI into their work.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-42/c814","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/c191408112d44b68","nativeRecordCid":"71a43229-2ffd-4dfb-942d-8caadf56f89a","documentId":"open-science-source-42","id":"c814","text":"Regulation of specific software and applications with high potential for misuse in industry and academia may be explored.","kind":"normative","modality":"may","actor":"","subject":"regulation of high-misuse-potential software","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Explore the regulation of specific software and applications in industry and academia, and the viability of limiting access to tools and models with high potential for misuse[422] .","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-42/c815","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/38b84bb8740e4f70","nativeRecordCid":"3120f46f-6090-44c2-b3f9-3f3eb3c7abd8","documentId":"open-science-source-42","id":"c815","text":"Limiting access to tools and models with high potential for misuse may be explored.","kind":"normative","modality":"may","actor":"","subject":"limiting access to high-misuse-potential tools","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Explore the regulation of specific software and applications in industry and academia, and the viability of limiting access to tools and models with high potential for misuse[422] .","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-42/c816","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/8aa3b0b28b1a484a","nativeRecordCid":"1da794c3-dc08-461c-aeef-60f1c0f057fc","documentId":"open-science-source-42","id":"c816","text":"New governance approaches to engage affected publics in the co-construction of constraints and guardrails may be explored.","kind":"normative","modality":"may","actor":"","subject":"public engagement governance approaches","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Explore new governance approaches to engage affected publics in the co-construction of constraints and guardrails.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-42/c817","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/faae1d0f41554932","nativeRecordCid":"fdb083d6-ade2-40e3-b462-14e4c3bffb13","documentId":"open-science-source-42","id":"c817","text":"A strategy to communicate risk to the public must be considered, while preventing a general loss of trust in science.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"","subject":"strategy to communicate AI risk to the public","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"A strategy to communicate risk to the public also needs to be considered, while preventing a general loss of trust in science.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-42/c818","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/ba5d1d85025a45c2","nativeRecordCid":"97cfe000-fd8c-4e0f-a1c3-234013c11634","documentId":"open-science-source-42","id":"c818","text":"AI and ML capabilities integrated into climate science research and applications expand the capacity of scientists and policy makers to mitigate the climate crisis.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"AI and ML capabilities in climate science","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"As AI and ML capabilities become further integrated into climate science research and applications, they are expanding the capacity of scientists and policy makers to mitigate the climate crisis[423] .","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-42/c819","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/0970c5c1376945b8","nativeRecordCid":"d1aec6bc-2fb4-4b6e-8f31-dcb9a8dc2681","documentId":"open-science-source-42","id":"c819","text":"If done successfully, fusion of climate datasets can improve the accuracy of models and estimates, contributing to long-term weather forecasting.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"fusion of climate datasets","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"If done successfully, this fusion of datasets can improve the accuracy of models and estimates, contributing to long-term weather forecasting, which supports disaster preparedness and resource management for extreme events[427] .","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-42/c820","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/9aff3ad449e74d05","nativeRecordCid":"056838b7-45fa-4a13-afa0-a4a4d00780ed","documentId":"open-science-source-42","id":"c820","text":"Long-term weather forecasting supports disaster preparedness for extreme events.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"long-term weather forecasting","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"If done successfully, this fusion of datasets can improve the accuracy of models and estimates, contributing to long-term weather forecasting, which supports disaster preparedness and resource management for extreme events[427] .","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-42/c821","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/f08a2bd9ed964417","nativeRecordCid":"5c07ece5-f604-4ec5-9cf7-d09285b8186e","documentId":"open-science-source-42","id":"c821","text":"Long-term weather forecasting supports resource management for extreme events.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"long-term weather forecasting","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"If done successfully, this fusion of datasets can improve the accuracy of models and estimates, contributing to long-term weather forecasting, which supports disaster preparedness and resource management for extreme events[427] .","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-42/c822","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/1cfdd00cd4d34e00","nativeRecordCid":"10e99885-7a66-43f3-92ab-f582dff092b3","documentId":"open-science-source-42","id":"c822","text":"Realising the potential of climate science data can be difficult due to the heterogeneous nature of environmental data.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"climate science data","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Realising the potential of climate science data can be difficult due to the heterogeneous nature of environmental data.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-42/c823","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/975ee71e2d894117","nativeRecordCid":"ae10268e-daed-4fb3-ac78-51d61c314838","documentId":"open-science-source-42","id":"c823","text":"Linking climate data together is challenging due to misaligned data across spatiotemporal resolutions, varying privacy and security levels, and a lack of regulation.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"linking climate data","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"This presents a challenge in linking data together due to misaligned data across spatiotemporal resolutions; varying privacy and security levels (particularly in relation to satellite imaging); and a lack of regulation[424] .","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-42/c824","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/220d865b91ee424c","nativeRecordCid":"ed655b98-472b-49f6-b75d-9f95c4573e0c","documentId":"open-science-source-42","id":"c824","text":"Deep learning techniques can interpolate measurement gaps for intricate pattern recognition in fields like space weather forecasting.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"deep learning techniques","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"DL techniques can interpolate measurement gaps for intricate pattern recognition in fields like space weather forecasting, a technique used in NASA’s Centre for Climate Simulation[425, 426] .","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-42/c825","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/0d88f2ce41d14e54","nativeRecordCid":"914fb4ce-bb46-474c-b411-833b50e5fccd","documentId":"open-science-source-42","id":"c825","text":"AI techniques have demonstrated effectiveness in forecasting global mean temperature changes.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"AI techniques in climate forecasting","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Other AI techniques have demonstrated effectiveness in forecasting global mean temperature changes[428] , predicting climatic phenomena like El Niño[429] , cloud systems[430] , and regional weather patterns, such as rainfall in specific areas[431] .","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-42/c826","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/7e4e707bafdc4bc5","nativeRecordCid":"973ff615-9f4e-41d0-af01-c63b9aa0e666","documentId":"open-science-source-42","id":"c826","text":"AI techniques have demonstrated effectiveness in predicting climatic phenomena like El Niño.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"AI techniques in climate forecasting","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Other AI techniques have demonstrated effectiveness in forecasting global mean temperature changes[428] , predicting climatic phenomena like El Niño[429] , cloud systems[430] , and regional weather patterns, such as rainfall in specific areas[431] .","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-42/c827","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/19d43e1cb3364023","nativeRecordCid":"599a9b10-de17-4f1b-a1b0-14db5f9870b6","documentId":"open-science-source-42","id":"c827","text":"AI techniques have demonstrated effectiveness in predicting cloud systems.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"AI techniques in climate forecasting","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Other AI techniques have demonstrated effectiveness in forecasting global mean temperature changes[428] , predicting climatic phenomena like El Niño[429] , cloud systems[430] , and regional weather patterns, such as rainfall in specific areas[431] .","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-42/c828","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/d47bfa7395d24a2b","nativeRecordCid":"38172c96-7f6d-4fbe-9175-9a6aea127c13","documentId":"open-science-source-42","id":"c828","text":"AI techniques have demonstrated effectiveness in predicting regional weather patterns, such as rainfall in specific areas.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"AI techniques in climate forecasting","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Other AI techniques have demonstrated effectiveness in forecasting global mean temperature changes[428] , predicting climatic phenomena like El Niño[429] , cloud systems[430] , and regional weather patterns, such as rainfall in specific areas[431] .","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-42/c829","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/f692bea8a14c425e","nativeRecordCid":"c20e305f-cde9-4dfa-a652-8eefdfaac878","documentId":"open-science-source-42","id":"c829","text":"Adopting a systems approach to AI in climate science could enable more effective climate decision-making.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"systems approach to AI in climate science","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Adopting a systems approach[435] to AI in climate science could enable more effective climate decision-making[436] .","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-42/c830","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/c243029997c74852","nativeRecordCid":"5634b669-f896-4567-80d0-dc9d5e1eb69e","documentId":"open-science-source-42","id":"c830","text":"AI-driven climate models simulate complex systems.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"AI-driven climate models","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"AI-driven climate models not only simulate complex systems, but reinforced learning can also contribute to sustainable policymaking through the systematic evaluation of climate actions, trade-offs, and risks[437] .","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-42/c831","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/14d1d9935560499d","nativeRecordCid":"bece05ef-cc64-4175-a546-f94229884d0d","documentId":"open-science-source-42","id":"c831","text":"Reinforced learning can contribute to sustainable policymaking through the systematic evaluation of climate actions, trade-offs, and risks.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"reinforced learning and climate policymaking","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"AI-driven climate models not only simulate complex systems, but reinforced learning can also contribute to sustainable policymaking through the systematic evaluation of climate actions, trade-offs, and risks[437] .","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-42/c832","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/0151ff9a46cf4b24","nativeRecordCid":"993a2788-e39b-484c-aa40-731795fb540b","documentId":"open-science-source-42","id":"c832","text":"A digital twin is a virtual representation of a physical asset.","kind":"definitional","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"digital twin","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"An example of this includes digital twins, a virtual representation of a physical asset which can be used to understand, predict, and optimise the performance of this asset[438] .","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-42/c833","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/91c11f0cb59b4482","nativeRecordCid":"7ad200b4-3599-42e1-9f98-1bee77a2edd3","documentId":"open-science-source-42","id":"c833","text":"Digital twins can be used to understand, predict, and optimise the performance of a physical asset.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"digital twins","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"An example of this includes digital twins, a virtual representation of a physical asset which can be used to understand, predict, and optimise the performance of this asset[438] .","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-42/c834","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/f6813579f4a44676","nativeRecordCid":"22104b37-02a0-4d07-ab99-ccf1ca0c0b4c","documentId":"open-science-source-42","id":"c834","text":"The European Space Agency's Destination Earth is developing a digital twin that can generate rich data flows to enable a 'control loop' for the planet's emissions.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"Destination Earth digital twin","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The European Space Agency’s Destination Earth is developing a digital twin that can generate rich data flows to enable a ‘control loop’ for the planet’s emissions[439] .","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-42/c835","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/b360410aa4964dd1","nativeRecordCid":"832076d0-ba6b-479a-8bc2-ef3cc7f320c0","documentId":"open-science-source-42","id":"c835","text":"The control loop for the planet's emissions can facilitate monitoring of the natural and human activity contributing to climate change.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"control loop for planet's emissions","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"This can facilitate monitoring of the natural and human activity contributing to climate change, allow experts to anticipate and plan for extreme events and adapt policies to climate related challenges[440] .","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-42/c836","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/156c5de3a5b44e37","nativeRecordCid":"1da84f13-99a0-490b-b0fa-7822be92eaa4","documentId":"open-science-source-42","id":"c836","text":"The control loop for the planet's emissions can allow experts to anticipate and plan for extreme events.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"control loop for planet's emissions","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"This can facilitate monitoring of the natural and human activity contributing to climate change, allow experts to anticipate and plan for extreme events and adapt policies to climate related challenges[440] .","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-42/c837","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/8237077022554173","nativeRecordCid":"11f2ac41-4548-4552-a094-1d3a32074f3b","documentId":"open-science-source-42","id":"c837","text":"The control loop for the planet's emissions can allow experts to adapt policies to climate-related challenges.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"control loop for planet's emissions","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"This can facilitate monitoring of the natural and human activity contributing to climate change, allow experts to anticipate and plan for extreme events and adapt policies to climate related challenges[440] .","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-42/c838","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/b6e059ac9101475c","nativeRecordCid":"ce071d64-945d-4845-91fd-405381d212bc","documentId":"open-science-source-42","id":"c838","text":"Real-world applications of digital twin technology demonstrate the promise and the vital need for this technological development.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"real-world digital twin applications","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Real-world applications, like Tuvalu’s digital twin of the island nation, to safeguard its existence against sea level rise demonstrates the promise and the vital need for this technological development[441] .","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-42/c839","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/618e18a314d8412b","nativeRecordCid":"6dba988b-ed49-47c1-8f93-32dce89c2a17","documentId":"open-science-source-42","id":"c839","text":"AI-based climate science holds great potential for solving global climate change challenges.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"AI-based climate science","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"AI-based climate science holds great potential for solving global climate change challenges.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-42/c840","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/e2ebaa0bd7444e08","nativeRecordCid":"9c466624-3603-407a-855b-9dfb81e64ef3","documentId":"open-science-source-42","id":"c840","text":"The potential of AI-based climate science comes with challenges to research ethics.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"AI-based climate science","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"However, this potential comes with challenges to research ethics.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-42/c841","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/b9a6b8497355485e","nativeRecordCid":"6a6f29f0-491e-40fa-b6be-acbfee3318d1","documentId":"open-science-source-42","id":"c841","text":"Identifying the risks and minimising pitfalls is essential to maximising the positive impact of AI-based climate science.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"","subject":"risk identification and pitfall minimisation","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Identifying the risks and minimising pitfalls remains vital to maximising positive impact.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-42/c842","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/0d7946b996a14131","nativeRecordCid":"93cd23c6-82eb-4e09-a0ec-4fe9695b0f72","documentId":"open-science-source-42","id":"c842","text":"Running complex simulations can have high carbon footprints from the immense computational power required.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"complex climate simulations","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Running complex simulations can have high carbon footprints from the immense computational power required, potentially offsetting intended environmental benefits of climate science research if sustainability practices are not integrated[442] .","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-42/c843","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/0eebeaa2c9744db7","nativeRecordCid":"8b1d0354-6178-4543-8070-8add7bfcebdd","documentId":"open-science-source-42","id":"c843","text":"High carbon footprints from running complex simulations can potentially offset the intended environmental benefits of climate science research if sustainability practices are not integrated.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"carbon footprints of climate simulations","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Running complex simulations can have high carbon footprints from the immense computational power required, potentially offsetting intended environmental benefits of climate science research if sustainability practices are not integrated[442] .","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-42/c844","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/7281da698fe541c2","nativeRecordCid":"90bb62ce-8018-48da-a2f1-aacd48c83b4d","documentId":"open-science-source-42","id":"c844","text":"There is a significant global disparity in funding and grant distribution in climate science.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"global funding disparity in climate science","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"There is a significant global disparity in funding and grant distribution.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-42/c845","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/56661eb2c6034ee5","nativeRecordCid":"d9f9b20e-5416-464f-98df-691e8a2c6ffe","documentId":"open-science-source-42","id":"c845","text":"Increased investment in AI initiatives for underrepresented regions must occur to support capacity-building and fostering of climate scientists in the Global South.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"","subject":"investment in AI initiatives for underrepresented regions","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Increased investment in AI initiatives for underrepresented regions is needed to support capacity-building and fostering of climate scientists in the Global South[445] .","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-42/c846","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/cca205f9559e4398","nativeRecordCid":"6d59a3da-1e3f-4ed8-8835-fb3291dea4d1","documentId":"open-science-source-42","id":"c846","text":"Bias and inaccuracies in training data present a key challenge in AI-based climate science.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"bias and inaccuracies in training data","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Bias and inaccuracies in training data presents another key challenge.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-42/c847","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/bf22d08520744f47","nativeRecordCid":"ee56da1d-1a17-4123-af9e-ad840d53b3b9","documentId":"open-science-source-42","id":"c847","text":"Models disproportionately trained on Western populations risk overlooking issues in the Global South.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"models trained on Western populations","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"For instance, models disproportionately trained on Western populations risk overlooking issues in the Global South and entrenching unfairness for disadvantaged regions.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-42/c848","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/20efd02f4f354678","nativeRecordCid":"60bcbc22-b73f-42ab-8bac-a068fa22bac0","documentId":"open-science-source-42","id":"c848","text":"Models disproportionately trained on Western populations risk entrenching unfairness for disadvantaged regions.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"models trained on Western populations","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"For instance, models disproportionately trained on Western populations risk overlooking issues in the Global South and entrenching unfairness for disadvantaged regions.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-42/c849","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/940da8efbaa84105","nativeRecordCid":"dbe6ae7e-c23a-4c19-9180-099b9df5c5b1","documentId":"open-science-source-42","id":"c849","text":"Ongoing participation must occur for equity in AI-based climate science.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"","subject":"participation for equity in climate AI","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Ongoing participation, auditing, and updating of systems with localised data is critical for equity[443] .","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-42/c850","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/5de1c7e6db1643ac","nativeRecordCid":"dfb95825-f67b-4e87-a50e-2be3a5ed14ed","documentId":"open-science-source-42","id":"c850","text":"Ongoing auditing must occur for equity in AI-based climate science.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"","subject":"auditing for equity in climate AI","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Ongoing participation, auditing, and updating of systems with localised data is critical for equity[443] .","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-42/c851","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/557d68dc47c448d4","nativeRecordCid":"6dac1db3-822e-41e1-9567-ed88c1ab9dca","documentId":"open-science-source-42","id":"c851","text":"Ongoing updating of systems with localised data must occur for equity in AI-based climate science.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"","subject":"updating systems with localised data for equity","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Ongoing participation, auditing, and updating of systems with localised data is critical for equity[443] .","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-42/c852","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/23f7244ef53c4923","nativeRecordCid":"811b251d-02d8-4269-94bc-4c5cce7d0442","documentId":"open-science-source-42","id":"c852","text":"Environmental data can contain sensitive information and include private or personal details that can be linked to specific, nonconsenting individuals or communities.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"environmental data","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Environmental data can contain sensitive information, include private or personal details that can be linked to specific, nonconsenting individuals or communities[446] .","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-42/c853","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/5e90c5374d004ef3","nativeRecordCid":"0e447dd4-8a02-4976-aef4-93346351f4a2","documentId":"open-science-source-42","id":"c853","text":"High-resolution spatial data and digital traces pose privacy risks, which are magnified when researchers lack cultural understanding and sensitivity towards different communities.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"high-resolution spatial data and digital traces","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"High-resolution spatial data, and digital traces pose privacy risks, which are magnified when researchers lack cultural understanding and sensitivity towards different communities.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-42/c854","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/19d8c646963440a5","nativeRecordCid":"1d716902-6d60-4cab-8eb8-37b220945796","documentId":"open-science-source-42","id":"c854","text":"The digitisation of land records to increase researcher access to data can result in private actors with more financial resources capitalising on this new data.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"digitisation of land records","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"For example, while well intentioned, the digitisation of land records to increase researcher access to data can result in private actors like landowners with more financial resources to capitalise on this new data[447] .","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-42/c855","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/60bfd1b3beb44fb6","nativeRecordCid":"1ec5d8c3-563a-4f0b-9acc-852b12707b01","documentId":"open-science-source-42","id":"c855","text":"Environmentally sensitive data can adversely impact the environment.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"environmentally sensitive data","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Environmentally sensitive data can also adversely impact the environment[448] .","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-42/c856","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/669815ebd7c147dc","nativeRecordCid":"b275f8ce-6998-4e79-ba97-ace307da82de","documentId":"open-science-source-42","id":"c856","text":"Sharing biodiversity data can lead to bad actors harming those environments.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"sharing biodiversity data","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"For example, sharing biodiversity data, such as nesting locations of rare birds, can lead to bad actors harming those environments[449] .","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-42/c857","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/4c097bc31ecc4dd7","nativeRecordCid":"371c52e8-48e7-4432-8937-fa0fe7d0ce7e","documentId":"open-science-source-42","id":"c857","text":"Strategies should be developed to ensure that technologies developed in pursuit of net zero deliver environmental benefits that outweigh their emissions.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"","subject":"technologies developed in pursuit of net zero","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Develop strategies to ensure that technologies developed in pursuit of net zero deliver environmental benefits that outweigh their emissions[450] .","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-42/c858","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/54ddbf8da87d42f5","nativeRecordCid":"4cafd0ed-ade9-4501-9498-59175c209688","documentId":"open-science-source-42","id":"c858","text":"Interdisciplinary research on carbon accounting and impact assessment tools like the Green Algorithms Project can contribute towards evaluating the environmental impact of computational processes used in climate science.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"interdisciplinary research on carbon accounting and impact tools","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Interdisciplinary research on carbon accounting and impact assessment tools like the Green Algorithms Project[451] can contribute towards evaluating and mitigating the environmental impact of computational processes used in climate science.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-42/c859","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/c8b72962dd5a4b4b","nativeRecordCid":"c5b64057-4f15-45b9-b9a8-53c72d2c1ce3","documentId":"open-science-source-42","id":"c859","text":"Interdisciplinary research on carbon accounting and impact assessment tools like the Green Algorithms Project can contribute towards mitigating the environmental impact of computational processes used in climate science.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"interdisciplinary research on carbon accounting and impact tools","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Interdisciplinary research on carbon accounting and impact assessment tools like the Green Algorithms Project[451] can contribute towards evaluating and mitigating the environmental impact of computational processes used in climate science.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-42/c860","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/5173baa791ed40ba","nativeRecordCid":"f779f144-b7c4-478e-916a-fd2661019e25","documentId":"open-science-source-42","id":"c860","text":"The disparity in researcher access to data raises concerns about the equitable development and application of AI.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"disparity in researcher access to data","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The disparity in researcher access to data raises concerns about the equitable development and application of AI[452] .","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-42/c861","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/d0cfc73c7ffa4c13","nativeRecordCid":"6dc5633c-ed96-4a75-b7bd-c1184efff2bc","documentId":"open-science-source-42","id":"c861","text":"The disparity in researcher access to data could hinder the development of effective climate solutions tailored to the unique challenges of specific communities.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"disparity in researcher access to data","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"This could hinder the development of effective climate solutions tailored to the unique challenges of specific communities.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-42/c862","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/ff563901d1934382","nativeRecordCid":"e5812f3e-93fb-4d96-a2ee-f442c629b727","documentId":"open-science-source-42","id":"c862","text":"Networks such as the Pacific Community's Statistics for Development Division can promote equitable access to data across diverse contexts.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"networks such as the Pacific Community's Statistics for Development Division","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Networks such as the Pacific Community’s Statistics for Development Division can promote equitable access to data across diverse contexts, fostering collaboration and knowledge sharing[453] .","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-42/c863","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/120afaf861e946e9","nativeRecordCid":"00921c00-ba00-46a5-8d9c-924f4e60843f","documentId":"open-science-source-42","id":"c863","text":"Networks such as the Pacific Community's Statistics for Development Division foster collaboration and knowledge sharing.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"networks such as the Pacific Community's Statistics for Development Division","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Networks such as the Pacific Community’s Statistics for Development Division can promote equitable access to data across diverse contexts, fostering collaboration and knowledge sharing[453] .","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-42/c864","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/d16506a5c40943c3","nativeRecordCid":"94407f4e-e727-41c4-9767-062936d3ee2e","documentId":"open-science-source-42","id":"c864","text":"The establishment of trusted data institutions can contribute towards enhancing data sharing and usage to address emergencies and crises.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"establishment of trusted data institutions","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Similarly, the establishment of trusted data institutions can contribute towards enhancing data sharing and usage to address emergencies and crises[454][455] .","representedInStars":false}
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{"key":"open-science-source-43/c8","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/4734c622cb574bca","nativeRecordCid":"2ea09b73-085e-46bc-b672-4b96edf08216","documentId":"open-science-source-43","id":"c8","text":"The rise of low-quality or fraudulent publications causes escalating costs that devour funding from taxpayers intended for research.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"rise of low-quality or fraudulent publications","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The result is editor and reviewer fatigue, irreproducible experiments, misguided experiments, disinformation and escalating costs that devour funding from taxpayers intended for research.","representedInStars":false}
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{"key":"open-science-source-43/c29","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/f8f5e145f5df4070","nativeRecordCid":"225dd387-4c1e-4f75-994c-e7007924638a","documentId":"open-science-source-43","id":"c29","text":"The growth of the 'paper mill' industry is accelerated by AI.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"'paper mill' industry","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"These metrics are gamed, among others, by the hundreds of thousands of fake publications [2,3] produced each year by a corrupt ‘paper mill’ industry [4] that sells authorships to scientists under pressure to publish and bribes editors to publish these papers [5], a development which is accelerated by AI.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-43/c30","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/06551fa0553142f9","nativeRecordCid":"0fc81cfa-3bfa-49c5-9337-625233197fcd","documentId":"open-science-source-43","id":"c30","text":"The situation of low-quality and fraudulent publications distorts studies.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"situation of fraudulent publications","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"This situation drains financial resources provided by taxpayers and funding agencies, distorts studies, wastes efforts to perform studies that build upon them, leads to meaningless replication studies, spreads false information that is later hard to debunk, and undermines practical applications including medical care and engineering.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-43/c31","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/c0396e5debc14880","nativeRecordCid":"e38f06da-9c30-42df-9afd-eedcd2ff9296","documentId":"open-science-source-43","id":"c31","text":"The situation of low-quality and fraudulent publications wastes efforts to perform studies that build upon them.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"situation of fraudulent publications","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"This situation drains financial resources provided by taxpayers and funding agencies, distorts studies, wastes efforts to perform studies that build upon them, leads to meaningless replication studies, spreads false information that is later hard to debunk, and undermines practical applications including medical care and engineering.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-43/c32","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/1af657f8373a45f8","nativeRecordCid":"3f9b2fcf-ca89-4b62-b446-381536c98db4","documentId":"open-science-source-43","id":"c32","text":"The situation of low-quality and fraudulent publications leads to meaningless replication studies.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"situation of fraudulent publications","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"This situation drains financial resources provided by taxpayers and funding agencies, distorts studies, wastes efforts to perform studies that build upon them, leads to meaningless replication studies, spreads false information that is later hard to debunk, and undermines practical applications including medical care and engineering.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-43/c33","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/7a9a008123ff49de","nativeRecordCid":"2596438a-faa5-49b1-ae5e-2996065a11d6","documentId":"open-science-source-43","id":"c33","text":"The situation of low-quality and fraudulent publications spreads false information that is later hard to debunk.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"situation of fraudulent publications","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"This situation drains financial resources provided by taxpayers and funding agencies, distorts studies, wastes efforts to perform studies that build upon them, leads to meaningless replication studies, spreads false information that is later hard to debunk, and undermines practical applications including medical care and engineering.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-43/c34","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/179c736a1bd742e6","nativeRecordCid":"faf2140d-258e-4682-8373-70b6dee543d2","documentId":"open-science-source-43","id":"c34","text":"The situation of low-quality and fraudulent publications undermines practical applications including medical care and engineering.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"situation of fraudulent publications","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"This situation drains financial resources provided by taxpayers and funding agencies, distorts studies, wastes efforts to perform studies that build upon them, leads to meaningless replication studies, spreads false information that is later hard to debunk, and undermines practical applications including medical care and engineering.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-43/c35","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/21aa62796ded4002","nativeRecordCid":"ece466cc-fab2-4013-af95-69181a305b99","documentId":"open-science-source-43","id":"c35","text":"The crisis of low-quality and fraudulent publications is arguably the largest science crisis of all time.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"crisis of fraudulent publications","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"It is arguably the largest science crisis of all time, threatening to erode people’s trust in research.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-43/c36","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/aefc64c8fa194d5a","nativeRecordCid":"c04f0493-b3cb-4f05-8520-3a2cb62f55d0","documentId":"open-science-source-43","id":"c36","text":"This crisis threatens to erode people's trust in research.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"crisis of fraudulent publications","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"It is arguably the largest science crisis of all time, threatening to erode people’s trust in research.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-43/c37","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/a61629a299324d1b","nativeRecordCid":"95363429-aa87-4070-b6ee-fdc491693592","documentId":"open-science-source-43","id":"c37","text":"Most other initiatives for reforming scientific publishing demand shifting control of scholarly publishing away from profit-driven corporations and back to the academic community.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"other initiatives for reforming scientific publishing","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Most also demand shifting control of scholarly publishing away from profit-driven corporations and back to the academic community.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-43/c38","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/83a5bc391a0f4b66","nativeRecordCid":"bc61819f-5c84-402e-bd98-419be526faab","documentId":"open-science-source-43","id":"c38","text":"Other initiatives for reforming scientific publishing address topics such as transparency, fairness and academic control in publishing.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"other initiatives for reforming scientific publishing","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"They address topics such as transparency, fairness and academic control in publishing.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-43/c39","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/70434955b6fc4312","nativeRecordCid":"1a5bf943-e03e-4a12-9c3a-ffb5881835fc","documentId":"open-science-source-43","id":"c39","text":"Trust in science is critical for informed, balanced and reliable decision-making.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"trust in science","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Trust in science is critical for informed, balanced and reliable decision-making and to preserve our global knowledge base, i.e. the scientific record, and the integrity of science itself.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-43/c40","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/74ec15483acf4705","nativeRecordCid":"4eb5ddbf-ed55-41d4-84c6-c82331852bfe","documentId":"open-science-source-43","id":"c40","text":"Trust in science is critical to preserve our global knowledge base.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"trust in science","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Trust in science is critical for informed, balanced and reliable decision-making and to preserve our global knowledge base, i.e. the scientific record, and the integrity of science itself.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-43/c41","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/42553688f43f4cbf","nativeRecordCid":"039b50ed-4390-4171-8031-85278832328f","documentId":"open-science-source-43","id":"c41","text":"Trust in science is critical to preserve the integrity of science itself.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"trust in science","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Trust in science is critical for informed, balanced and reliable decision-making and to preserve our global knowledge base, i.e. the scientific record, and the integrity of science itself.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-43/c42","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/d5d870cee5b442b1","nativeRecordCid":"e7bc190e-4c75-4208-8598-b83763591b97","documentId":"open-science-source-43","id":"c42","text":"For-profit publishing models should be converted to sustainable non-profit publishing models.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"editors, libraries, scholarly academies and other scientific organizations","subject":"publishing models","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Convert for-profit to sustainable non-profit publishing models, where the academic community owns the journals' titles and authors retain the copyright, e.g. using open access models.","representedInStars":false}
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{"key":"open-science-source-43/c50","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/0ed87a5f5d4741ef","nativeRecordCid":"cf973fea-8369-4f24-89d9-088c14482549","documentId":"open-science-source-43","id":"c50","text":"Validated quality/integrity markers should be used to detect fake articles.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"independent sleuths and fraud-monitoring organizations","subject":"quality/integrity markers","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Use validated quality/integrity markers to detect fake articles.","representedInStars":false}
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{"key":"open-science-source-43/c54","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/18bd06d14f254fdf","nativeRecordCid":"c3ee1f4d-b9a6-4c4b-9571-ebac9a58443a","documentId":"open-science-source-43","id":"c54","text":"If these actions are successfully implemented, they will reduce the soaring number of low-quality publications.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"these good publishing practice actions","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"If successfully implemented, these actions will return control of publishing to academia, reduce the soaring number of low-quality publications and fraud, minimize costs while increasing trustworthiness of science and enhance academic freedom.","representedInStars":false}
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{"key":"open-science-source-43/c56","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/484867e5cfec46b8","nativeRecordCid":"947affa9-d707-48c0-b3f7-13f6ecc8d628","documentId":"open-science-source-43","id":"c56","text":"If these actions are successfully implemented, they will minimize costs.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"these good publishing practice actions","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"If successfully implemented, these actions will return control of publishing to academia, reduce the soaring number of low-quality publications and fraud, minimize costs while increasing trustworthiness of science and enhance academic freedom.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-43/c57","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/698d814bcea54e56","nativeRecordCid":"d51a879f-1b69-4206-a0bd-7f9da6b64921","documentId":"open-science-source-43","id":"c57","text":"If these actions are successfully implemented, they will increase trustworthiness of science.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"these good publishing practice actions","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"If successfully implemented, these actions will return control of publishing to academia, reduce the soaring number of low-quality publications and fraud, minimize costs while increasing trustworthiness of science and enhance academic freedom.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-43/c58","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/368d80e9e75749a6","nativeRecordCid":"141ff3fa-c453-4a2b-a094-353552b2fe51","documentId":"open-science-source-43","id":"c58","text":"If these actions are successfully implemented, they will enhance academic freedom.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"these good publishing practice actions","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"If successfully implemented, these actions will return control of publishing to academia, reduce the soaring number of low-quality publications and fraud, minimize costs while increasing trustworthiness of science and enhance academic freedom.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-43/c59","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/6905fe0de84e4d61","nativeRecordCid":"50fd61cd-64e2-40fc-803d-504e7223c8e8","documentId":"open-science-source-43","id":"c59","text":"If these actions are not successfully implemented, science will be increasingly undermined by profit-driven motives.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"these good publishing practice actions","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Otherwise, science will be increasingly undermined by profit-driven motives.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-43/c60","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/ef3f91973785426f","nativeRecordCid":"c2599754-0dda-4cfb-ab3f-d0ded3f922e0","documentId":"open-science-source-43","id":"c60","text":"Commercial publishers (CPs) advance their surplus (profit) to shareholders and private investors.","kind":"definitional","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"commercial publishers (CPs)","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Whereas CPs advance their surplus (profit) to shareholders and private investors, APs are typically researcher-led organizations such as universities, research institutions or learned/disciplinary societies that are non-profit because they return any financial surplus to science.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-43/c61","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/f424a46b043a4647","nativeRecordCid":"fb354b61-015c-4919-b919-d9d244167d24","documentId":"open-science-source-43","id":"c61","text":"Academic publishers (APs) are typically researcher-led organizations such as universities, research institutions or learned/disciplinary societies.","kind":"definitional","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"academic publishers (APs)","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Whereas CPs advance their surplus (profit) to shareholders and private investors, APs are typically researcher-led organizations such as universities, research institutions or learned/disciplinary societies that are non-profit because they return any financial surplus to science.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-43/c62","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/f818ec1848a74342","nativeRecordCid":"ed17fe9f-55b3-4e35-8c24-afc6fae215c0","documentId":"open-science-source-43","id":"c62","text":"Academic publishers (APs) are non-profit because they return any financial surplus to science.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"academic publishers (APs)","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Whereas CPs advance their surplus (profit) to shareholders and private investors, APs are typically researcher-led organizations such as universities, research institutions or learned/disciplinary societies that are non-profit because they return any financial surplus to science.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-43/c63","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/c27804eaeb0d4940","nativeRecordCid":"dc75bd97-eb00-46e1-8fb4-5ab7203849fc","documentId":"open-science-source-43","id":"c63","text":"Science funders should shift their funding of open access publications from commercial publishers with unreasonable or non-transparent article processing charges to non-profit researcher-led academic publishers.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"science funders","subject":"science funders","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"To resume control of academic publishing and increase quality of science publishing, we call on science funders (e.g. governments, foundations) to shift their funding of open access publications from CPs with unreasonable or non-transparent article processing charges (APCs) to (non-profit) researcher-led APs.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-43/c64","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/38b73d25c6a54289","nativeRecordCid":"75739b79-f1ae-4d3e-af1e-c08bbfe50556","documentId":"open-science-source-43","id":"c64","text":"Shifting funding from commercial publishers to non-profit researcher-led academic publishers helps avoid the ongoing, uncontrolled, commercial growth of low-quality and predatory publishing.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"shift of funding to academic publishers","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"This helps avoid the ongoing, uncontrolled, commercial growth of low-quality and predatory publishing, protects integrity, and significantly reduces public spending and commercial bias.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-43/c65","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/c06e18c80e404722","nativeRecordCid":"57b4e14e-6910-4c8f-841c-457ec47cc95b","documentId":"open-science-source-43","id":"c65","text":"Shifting funding from commercial publishers to non-profit researcher-led academic publishers protects integrity.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"shift of funding to academic publishers","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"This helps avoid the ongoing, uncontrolled, commercial growth of low-quality and predatory publishing, protects integrity, and significantly reduces public spending and commercial bias.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-43/c66","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/ba0a8c31a01b4d2b","nativeRecordCid":"df8de84b-fa5d-4b8a-8eff-df6e5f3688eb","documentId":"open-science-source-43","id":"c66","text":"Shifting funding from commercial publishers to non-profit researcher-led academic publishers significantly reduces public spending.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"shift of funding to academic publishers","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"This helps avoid the ongoing, uncontrolled, commercial growth of low-quality and predatory publishing, protects integrity, and significantly reduces public spending and commercial bias.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-43/c67","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/68a11d6315924f22","nativeRecordCid":"2df280b6-5499-4e46-b059-7665e44e0917","documentId":"open-science-source-43","id":"c67","text":"Shifting funding from commercial publishers to non-profit researcher-led academic publishers reduces commercial bias.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"shift of funding to academic publishers","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"This helps avoid the ongoing, uncontrolled, commercial growth of low-quality and predatory publishing, protects integrity, and significantly reduces public spending and commercial bias.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-43/c68","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/c8188e8ceb45463b","nativeRecordCid":"978f12ea-ca56-4b61-8874-ac20d704c13e","documentId":"open-science-source-43","id":"c68","text":"Shifting funding from commercial publishers to non-profit researcher-led academic publishers will help shift control of science publishing to the academic community.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"shift of funding to academic publishers","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"It will help shift control of science publishing to the academic community,[2] as confirmed by several best practice examples","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-43/c69","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/5123041f1b76475e","nativeRecordCid":"45860674-f90b-41f1-ac04-add076cc32e6","documentId":"open-science-source-43","id":"c69","text":"Traditional subscription journals, hard copy or digital, are expected to continue for some time.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"traditional subscription journals","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Though traditional subscription journals (hard copy or digital) are expected to continue for some time, we recommend a transition from subscriptions and transformative agreements to innovative digital open access models (free submission, free reading).","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-43/c70","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/eb30640ebe3c490d","nativeRecordCid":"53537fd8-8468-4210-afc3-9e011513d2bd","documentId":"open-science-source-43","id":"c70","text":"There should be a transition from subscriptions and transformative agreements to innovative digital open access models (free submission, free reading).","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"","subject":"transition to digital open access models","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Though traditional subscription journals (hard copy or digital) are expected to continue for some time, we recommend a transition from subscriptions and transformative agreements to innovative digital open access models (free submission, free reading).","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-43/c71","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/2cdf427890b84175","nativeRecordCid":"1b73f783-072d-4d6d-9b82-82dbcf5ab6fc","documentId":"open-science-source-43","id":"c71","text":"Publishing models should be open by design, open to read and open to publish meaningful contributions.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"","subject":"publishing models","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Open by design (open to read, open to publish meaningful contributions).","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-43/c72","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/a369bde3a9b84ec4","nativeRecordCid":"8c0c3590-37d0-4b74-8550-68b99dbde41d","documentId":"open-science-source-43","id":"c72","text":"Publishing models should maintain ultimate human control of peer review, with no peer review by AI, publisher employees or 'editors-in-residence'.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"","subject":"publishing models","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Maintains ultimate human control of peer review (no peer review by AI, publisher employees or ‘editors-in-residence’).","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-43/c73","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/fed3b9648cc84fab","nativeRecordCid":"66e4c468-ab64-4b1b-a617-0acd43c47231","documentId":"open-science-source-43","id":"c73","text":"Publishing models should use technologies and open-source information repositories that are interoperable.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"","subject":"publishing models","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Uses technologies and open-source information repositories that are interoperable.","representedInStars":true}
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{"key":"open-science-source-43/c75","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/4aa6cfc721264b57","nativeRecordCid":"32fba1b0-650f-4c0f-bb95-f2391a38257b","documentId":"open-science-source-43","id":"c75","text":"Publishing models should transparently show how the publisher is funded.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"","subject":"publishing models","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Transparently shows how the publisher is funded.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-43/c76","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/0ea5166f2ca747ba","nativeRecordCid":"0d665934-577d-4d10-87da-dbeae8489fe7","documentId":"open-science-source-43","id":"c76","text":"Funders must focus on supporting non-profit publishers, especially open-access journals, including new academic publishers, up to the point of balanced economy.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"funders","subject":"funders","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Funders shall focus on supporting non-profit publishers, especially open-access journals, including new APs up to the point of balanced economy.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-43/c77","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/ae8c5a28982f427f","nativeRecordCid":"c4ca856c-e906-493b-ba03-31564b0e1635","documentId":"open-science-source-43","id":"c77","text":"Innovative, non-profit publishing models should be encouraged, tested and supported.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"","subject":"innovative non-profit publishing models","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Encourage, test and support innovative, non-profit publishing models as inspired by existing models,[6] such as:","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-43/c78","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/caef15d38fcb4c70","nativeRecordCid":"7c93a3c3-6f0b-464d-aced-92b91cf11820","documentId":"open-science-source-43","id":"c78","text":"'Living documents' are flexible and can be updated continually to reflect new information.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"'living documents'","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"‘Living documents’ (they are flexible and can be updated continually to reflect new information).","representedInStars":false}
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{"key":"open-science-source-43/c80","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/e1c36a96c9454f63","nativeRecordCid":"75c0d43a-0fd9-42da-9d22-b1736bda9c6f","documentId":"open-science-source-43","id":"c80","text":"Every publisher must monitor and prevent the processing of fraudulent scientific information.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"every publisher","subject":"every publisher","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Monitor and prevent the processing of fraudulent scientific information.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-43/c81","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/d12fca5e8e1241c8","nativeRecordCid":"86ca310d-fe2c-4567-9852-7af735a821b6","documentId":"open-science-source-43","id":"c81","text":"Every publisher must offer open access to all digital publication records for AI analysis by qualified scientists.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"every publisher","subject":"every publisher","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Offer open access to all digital publication records for AI analysis by qualified scientists and transfer already published research articles to science-controlled archives.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-43/c82","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/f9863db5646445cf","nativeRecordCid":"254f06f7-2992-494b-bd7c-73355aa0b1f0","documentId":"open-science-source-43","id":"c82","text":"Every publisher must transfer already published research articles to science-controlled archives.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"every publisher","subject":"every publisher","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Offer open access to all digital publication records for AI analysis by qualified scientists and transfer already published research articles to science-controlled archives.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-43/c83","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/5a583f8a286647c9","nativeRecordCid":"ed7dbe37-7f4e-4f4d-9dcd-f6f52ac8b3d5","documentId":"open-science-source-43","id":"c83","text":"Every publisher must offer reasonable subscription rates and/or article processing charges (APCs).","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"every publisher","subject":"every publisher","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Offer reasonable subscription rates and/or article processing charges (APCs) [7].","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-43/c84","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/9166c2f83666427b","nativeRecordCid":"cb8367ba-0ec3-4527-8121-30eb3e892a3c","documentId":"open-science-source-43","id":"c84","text":"AI use in scientific publishing and data tracking needs guidelines.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"","subject":"AI use in scientific publishing","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"AI use in scientific publishing and data tracking needs guidelines, but because the AI field is currently developing very fast without proper regulation, opportunities and risks will need continuous monitoring and adjustment.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-43/c85","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/04ed3074f4b24e1f","nativeRecordCid":"a2c09c7d-346f-4205-b676-9d297dff2858","documentId":"open-science-source-43","id":"c85","text":"The AI field is currently developing very fast without proper regulation.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"the AI field","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"AI use in scientific publishing and data tracking needs guidelines, but because the AI field is currently developing very fast without proper regulation, opportunities and risks will need continuous monitoring and adjustment.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-43/c86","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/e378c816d4d64e48","nativeRecordCid":"9d2d5099-0bfd-4263-a942-6de039223154","documentId":"open-science-source-43","id":"c86","text":"Opportunities and risks of AI in scientific publishing and data tracking will need continuous monitoring and adjustment.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"","subject":"AI opportunities and risks in publishing","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"AI use in scientific publishing and data tracking needs guidelines, but because the AI field is currently developing very fast without proper regulation, opportunities and risks will need continuous monitoring and adjustment.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-43/c87","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/c65909d23ed543ce","nativeRecordCid":"6957bb23-dff4-4116-9fa6-2e5d8c098c54","documentId":"open-science-source-43","id":"c87","text":"Scientific achievement should be rewarded based primarily on quality, not quantity measures of today's 'reputation economy' metric system.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"","subject":"scientific achievement","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Reward scientific achievement based primarily on quality—not quantity measures of today’s ‘reputation economy’ metric system [8].","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-43/c88","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/be90a25e1eb44e7d","nativeRecordCid":"014f54a2-2cd4-4b8a-b94a-c2b2947aa287","documentId":"open-science-source-43","id":"c88","text":"'Salami-slicing' of results to obtain 'least publishable units' should be discouraged.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"","subject":"'salami-slicing' of results","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Discourage ‘salami-slicing’ of results to obtain ‘least publishable units’; reduce the abundance of review articles (meta-analyses) and commentaries that over-burden reviewers and can too easily be generated using AI.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-43/c89","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/23b5ab3315054145","nativeRecordCid":"0eef7705-387d-4e3e-8b66-40a6c884ae35","documentId":"open-science-source-43","id":"c89","text":"The abundance of review articles (meta-analyses) and commentaries that over-burden reviewers and can too easily be generated using AI should be reduced.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"","subject":"review articles and commentaries","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Discourage ‘salami-slicing’ of results to obtain ‘least publishable units’; reduce the abundance of review articles (meta-analyses) and commentaries that over-burden reviewers and can too easily be generated using AI.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-43/c90","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/87adb4cf751e44be","nativeRecordCid":"0ce6ff72-dc13-4efa-ad0c-9088e3a05aa0","documentId":"open-science-source-43","id":"c90","text":"Rankings of academic achievement with metrics such as citation counts, journal impact factor (JIF) and publication number must be used responsibly.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"","subject":"rankings of academic achievement","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Rankings of academic achievement with metrics such as citation counts, ‘journal impact factor’ (JIF) and ‘publication number’ must be used responsibly because they often do not correlate with research quality [9] (see also CoARA—Reforming Research Assessment).[7]","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-43/c91","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/e7c553de8f664c01","nativeRecordCid":"e3cc55e3-4611-4ff2-9bf5-f133ed17029c","documentId":"open-science-source-43","id":"c91","text":"Metrics such as citation counts, journal impact factor and publication number often do not correlate with research quality.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"citation counts, journal impact factor and publication number","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Rankings of academic achievement with metrics such as citation counts, ‘journal impact factor’ (JIF) and ‘publication number’ must be used responsibly because they often do not correlate with research quality [9] (see also CoARA—Reforming Research Assessment).[7]","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-43/c92","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/13c664f517494d03","nativeRecordCid":"9070a760-20fa-4cdb-b7f5-6d04f5d6a22f","documentId":"open-science-source-43","id":"c92","text":"Appropriate achievement criteria that are compatible with respective disciplines and publishing traditions should be selected.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"","subject":"achievement criteria","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Select appropriate achievement criteria that are compatible with respective disciplines and publishing traditions.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-43/c93","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/3b3faf56cf79466d","nativeRecordCid":"4317f328-ca25-4bba-b8e2-ad2ad6744ba1","documentId":"open-science-source-43","id":"c93","text":"Peer review adds to researcher workload.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"peer review","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Because peer review adds to researcher workload, the science community should reflect on how to incentivize it properly (e.g. tracking scientists' number of review assignments and their quality).","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-43/c94","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/3efa19cd7bf5433e","nativeRecordCid":"c8c69c81-a564-45be-987d-2c0537e22a7a","documentId":"open-science-source-43","id":"c94","text":"The science community should reflect on how to incentivize peer review properly.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"the science community","subject":"peer review incentives","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Because peer review adds to researcher workload, the science community should reflect on how to incentivize it properly (e.g. tracking scientists' number of review assignments and their quality).","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-43/c95","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/51b84f68b8154147","nativeRecordCid":"8f44181d-e8c0-4f7c-9e0e-3a271076e413","documentId":"open-science-source-43","id":"c95","text":"Applications for funding or positions/promotions should disregard metrics.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"","subject":"applications for funding or positions/promotions","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Applications for funding or positions/promotions should disregard metrics and limit the number of publications to be evaluated (e.g. 10) depending on career age, academic field, etc.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-43/c96","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/6ca086cd3994476a","nativeRecordCid":"58aea497-7f54-4095-bbdf-351df26b729c","documentId":"open-science-source-43","id":"c96","text":"Applications for funding or positions/promotions should limit the number of publications to be evaluated, depending on career age, academic field, etc.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"","subject":"applications for funding or positions/promotions","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Applications for funding or positions/promotions should disregard metrics and limit the number of publications to be evaluated (e.g. 10) depending on career age, academic field, etc.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-43/c97","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/394755711d584765","nativeRecordCid":"2f8c4ef9-00b8-4b55-9f98-0859787dfb63","documentId":"open-science-source-43","id":"c97","text":"Awareness of the rising industry-like fake-paper production by paper mills should be raised.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"","subject":"fake-paper production by paper mills","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Raise awareness of the rising industry-like fake-paper production by paper mills and offer integrity education to students, researchers and editors, as well as publishers, administrators, decision-makers and journalists.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-43/c98","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/db1093fabcdc4bd7","nativeRecordCid":"ec33cf2d-0f43-4e2f-a4be-b590dd566f97","documentId":"open-science-source-43","id":"c98","text":"Integrity education should be offered to students, researchers, editors, publishers, administrators, decision-makers and journalists.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"","subject":"integrity education","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Raise awareness of the rising industry-like fake-paper production by paper mills and offer integrity education to students, researchers and editors, as well as publishers, administrators, decision-makers and journalists.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-43/c99","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/dc6025f43f0b4c8c","nativeRecordCid":"361a33bd-6db4-4219-b380-a043a9fef68e","documentId":"open-science-source-43","id":"c99","text":"Automated fraud detection systems to identify fake publications and their producers should be developed.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"","subject":"automated fraud detection systems","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Develop automated fraud detection systems to identify fake publications and their producers.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-43/c100","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/16d48ba91e2a4ab5","nativeRecordCid":"05365a48-2893-402a-9a42-e8e20c6ebb4b","documentId":"open-science-source-43","id":"c100","text":"Quality monitoring systems should be operated by independent, researcher-controlled and certified non-profit organizations that are not under the control of or financed by for-profit publishers.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"","subject":"quality monitoring systems","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"To avoid conflicts of interest, such quality monitoring systems should be operated by independent, researcher-controlled and certified non-profit organizations that are not under the control of or financed by for-profit publishers.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-43/c101","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/5780d7ee04fa40c1","nativeRecordCid":"4e514def-f18b-40bf-a4a3-04ba2fc19d12","documentId":"open-science-source-43","id":"c101","text":"Publishing fraud such as fabrication, falsification, plagiarism, authorship piracy and trading, fake reviews, citation gaming, undeclared parallel manuscript submissions, and other unethical behaviours should be monitored.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"","subject":"publishing fraud","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Monitor publishing fraud such as fabrication, falsification and plagiarism (e.g. text, images, data), authorship piracy and trading, fake reviews, citation gaming, undeclared parallel manuscript submissions or other unethical behaviours [10].","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-43/c102","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/2e828dafbb0c478b","nativeRecordCid":"07d683de-aab5-4e53-9751-f9c418430b60","documentId":"open-science-source-43","id":"c102","text":"Integrity registries with quality markers (white-listing) of institutions, editors, journals and publishers should be established.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"","subject":"integrity registries","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Establish integrity registries with quality markers (white-listing) of institutions, editors, journals and publishers.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-43/c103","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/be303d75d1464d9f","nativeRecordCid":"091274f0-6242-4cb0-93b3-e6e525ba7295","documentId":"open-science-source-43","id":"c103","text":"Sleuthing should be rewarded.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"","subject":"sleuthing","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Reward sleuthing, but beware of unfair ‘whistle-blowers’.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-43/c104","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/622b58583d274c89","nativeRecordCid":"96a2676e-dae2-4a1d-885a-579060414901","documentId":"open-science-source-43","id":"c104","text":"One should beware of unfair 'whistle-blowers'.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"","subject":"unfair 'whistle-blowers'","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Reward sleuthing, but beware of unfair ‘whistle-blowers’.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-43/c105","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/1356d3e1d91741bd","nativeRecordCid":"6e525646-8e05-4333-b1f4-bf07aac8c69a","documentId":"open-science-source-43","id":"c105","text":"A consensus should be developed on how to sanction institutions that artificially bolster high publication numbers and those that protect fraudsters.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"","subject":"sanctioning institutions that bolster publication numbers","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Develop a consensus on how to sanction institutions that artificially bolster high publication numbers and those that protect fraudsters.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-43/c106","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/4763e42e466c45e3","nativeRecordCid":"94a57e16-d41b-4f58-8c3f-649a2e117171","documentId":"open-science-source-43","id":"c106","text":"Institutional review boards should be advised/educated and funded on how to ascertain publishing quality by implementing appropriate incentive systems.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"","subject":"institutional review boards","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Advise/educate and fund institutional review boards on how to ascertain publishing quality by implementing appropriate incentive systems and how to identify—and respond to—integrity and ethics violations.[8]","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-43/c107","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/0f121f89c6c64641","nativeRecordCid":"8207017c-a111-4229-b0ac-af2941bfdf6f","documentId":"open-science-source-43","id":"c107","text":"Institutional review boards should be advised/educated and funded on how to identify and respond to integrity and ethics violations.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"","subject":"institutional review boards","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Advise/educate and fund institutional review boards on how to ascertain publishing quality by implementing appropriate incentive systems and how to identify—and respond to—integrity and ethics violations.[8]","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-43/c108","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/58f46605f37a4379","nativeRecordCid":"fdb69472-1387-4e20-b887-a20172ed21ed","documentId":"open-science-source-43","id":"c108","text":"Legal definitions of 'fraudulent publishing' should be drafted.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"","subject":"legal definitions of 'fraudulent publishing'","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Draft legal definitions of ‘fraudulent publishing’ (is it breach of contract or a crime?).","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-43/c109","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/ac24af22f4064fa6","nativeRecordCid":"3143b799-5e91-4042-846b-2433b401330a","documentId":"open-science-source-43","id":"c109","text":"The use of 'reputation economy' scoreboards that use manipulated achievement metrics should be prohibited.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"","subject":"'reputation economy' scoreboards","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Prohibit the use of ‘reputation economy’ scoreboards that use manipulated achievement metrics (e.g. of the impact factor or h-index[9] ).","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-43/c110","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/80f615d22f9b4681","nativeRecordCid":"132c1e65-6637-4b83-b12e-ac57994eb8b7","documentId":"open-science-source-43","id":"c110","text":"National regulations should be drafted to define, monitor and sanction violations of research integrity by paper mills, authors who pay paper mills, and editors and journals accepting bribes from paper mills and publishers at scale, by researcher-controlled 'research integrity bodies'.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"researcher-controlled 'research integrity bodies'","subject":"national regulations on research integrity violations","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Draft national regulations to define, monitor and sanction violations of research integrity by paper mills, authors who pay paper mills, editors and journals accepting bribes from paper mills and publishers at scale by researcher-controlled ‘research integrity bodies’, including mandatory fraud listing by indexing services.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-43/c111","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/35626510ea0a44b5","nativeRecordCid":"1977cd53-4901-4a41-a2d0-07204d610135","documentId":"open-science-source-43","id":"c111","text":"Fraud listing by indexing services must be mandatory.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"indexing services","subject":"fraud listing by indexing services","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Draft national regulations to define, monitor and sanction violations of research integrity by paper mills, authors who pay paper mills, editors and journals accepting bribes from paper mills and publishers at scale by researcher-controlled ‘research integrity bodies’, including mandatory fraud listing by indexing services.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-43/c112","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/02fb12a69002481d","nativeRecordCid":"926e9c28-fe15-4622-a4e0-6f9ed565d659","documentId":"open-science-source-43","id":"c112","text":"Individual science disciplines, traditions, academies and countries may have additional needs not addressed in this declaration.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"individual science disciplines, traditions, academies and countries","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"We recognize that individual science disciplines, traditions, academies and countries may have additional needs not addressed here.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-44/c1","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/a5a5f26ca0664802","nativeRecordCid":"0b5c461c-f442-4cee-a950-a29088e56862","documentId":"open-science-source-44","id":"c1","text":"Science: A New Golden Age marks the first comprehensive rethinking of the U.S. science and technology enterprise in over 80 years since Vannevar Bush's Science: The Endless Frontier.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"the report Science: A New Golden Age","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The report, entitled *[Science: A New Golden Age](https://www.whitehouse.gov/wp-content/uploads/2026/07/Science-A-New-Golden-Age.pdf)*, marks the first comprehensive rethinking of the U.S. science and technology enterprise in over 80 years since Vannevar Bush’s [*Science: The Endless Frontier*](https://www.govinfo.gov/content/pkg/GOVPUB-PR32_400-e7966ee70a4f7b47f862431c9776f727/pdf/GOVPUB-PR32_400-e7966ee70a4f7b47f862431c9776f727.pdf)*.*","representedInStars":false}
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{"key":"open-science-source-45/c18","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/981915f5de6d427d","nativeRecordCid":"5b7bb04d-463e-401b-aa8b-98975752ec0a","documentId":"open-science-source-45","id":"c18","text":"Success in this era of acceleration depends on how effectively researchers and institutions embrace AI.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"success of researchers and institutions","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"In this era of acceleration, success will depend on how effectively researchers and institutions embrace AI, foster collaboration and build resilience.","representedInStars":false}
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{"key":"open-science-source-45/c29","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/fee29b6b13b34048","nativeRecordCid":"38c5e36b-dca5-4399-b1b1-72ce72eb090a","documentId":"open-science-source-45","id":"c29","text":"Transparency, such as AI automatically citing references, increases researchers' confidence in using AI.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"factors increasing confidence in AI","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Researchers point to a number of factors to increase their confidence in using AI including transparency: when AI automatically cites references (59%) and recency: when the AI’s training data includes the most up-to-date scholarly literature (55%).","representedInStars":false}
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{"key":"open-science-source-45/c50","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/80d799dab86643c4","nativeRecordCid":"63570188-a00c-4aa1-bf91-8b70882668b1","documentId":"open-science-source-45","id":"c50","text":"Universities, funders, and information and analytic providers must encourage outreach and engagement by rewarding public communication efforts and enabling researchers to share their work with policymakers, educators and the public.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"universities, funders, and information and analytic providers","subject":"outreach and engagement","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Encourage outreach and engagement by rewarding public communication efforts and enabling researchers to share their work with policymakers, educators and the public.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-45/c51","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/fdce16d87f384f7c","nativeRecordCid":"fa4ba7ba-1fc2-45c4-b82c-b66f3556c99e","documentId":"open-science-source-45","id":"c51","text":"Universities, funders, and information and analytic providers must facilitate access to funding opportunities.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"universities, funders, and information and analytic providers","subject":"access to funding opportunities","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Facilitate access to funding opportunities, enable fair evaluation of research outputs (valuing quality and integrity).","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-45/c52","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/129fd5f549034dbe","nativeRecordCid":"c32e92ad-b122-4ba8-b8e6-11afa328c6bc","documentId":"open-science-source-45","id":"c52","text":"Universities, funders, and information and analytic providers must enable fair evaluation of research outputs, valuing quality and integrity.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"universities, funders, and information and analytic providers","subject":"fair evaluation of research outputs","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Facilitate access to funding opportunities, enable fair evaluation of research outputs (valuing quality and integrity).","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-45/c53","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/9f29312ad93d448e","nativeRecordCid":"9276011a-4c96-410f-b6a0-4d7ce7d606c6","documentId":"open-science-source-45","id":"c53","text":"AI has much potential as a driving force in global research.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"AI","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"As a driving force in global research, AI has much potential, and to achieve it providers must listen to researchers.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-45/c54","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/03708f2ce4784b44","nativeRecordCid":"d0475eed-b096-4328-91aa-e6dd30ac8f57","documentId":"open-science-source-45","id":"c54","text":"Providers must listen to researchers.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"providers","subject":"providers listening to researchers","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"As a driving force in global research, AI has much potential, and to achieve it providers must listen to researchers.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-45/c55","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/ce570a9e2ae64510","nativeRecordCid":"7e7729e6-b701-4b84-9ef6-063de020c34a","documentId":"open-science-source-45","id":"c55","text":"Global challenges, technological development, and economic and political shifts are changing the way research is done, impacting researchers in a multitude of ways.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"global challenges and shifts","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Global challenges, technological development, and economic and political shifts are changing the way research is done, impacting researchers in a multitude of ways.","representedInStars":false}
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{"key":"open-science-source-45/c57","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/5211b6b32ece42b2","nativeRecordCid":"241e946e-4fbe-4c0c-9369-247df0657b5b","documentId":"open-science-source-45","id":"c57","text":"Researchers are under increasing pressure to perform in a fast-moving competitive landscape in which research integrity is critical but support often lags.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"researchers","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"While optimistic about the future, researchers are under increasing pressure to perform in a fastmoving competitive landscape in which research integrity is critical but support often lagging.","representedInStars":false}
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{"key":"open-science-source-45/c88","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/3d537d2640314e06","nativeRecordCid":"2c8bff3e-3d27-4a80-86df-135bcc867439","documentId":"open-science-source-45","id":"c88","text":"Academic leaders face significant challenges related to talent acquisition and retention.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"academic leaders' challenges","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"As we saw in previous research, academic leaders are grappling with big challenges, including funding, talent acquisition and retention, and impact.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-45/c89","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/cc1a8777bba048ab","nativeRecordCid":"1eabd4b5-5034-47af-97e6-aa44d1caa617","documentId":"open-science-source-45","id":"c89","text":"Academic leaders face significant challenges related to impact.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"academic leaders' challenges","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"As we saw in previous research, academic leaders are grappling with big challenges, including funding, talent acquisition and retention, and impact.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-45/c90","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/bbde75626d5547b6","nativeRecordCid":"9ca2e3df-df8d-4b82-8b85-63325a256806","documentId":"open-science-source-45","id":"c90","text":"Researchers are generally less likely to use AI for more creative activities, such as generating new research hypotheses and designing experiments or studies, than for other tasks.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"researchers' use of AI for creative activities","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"However, when thinking about AI tools broadly, researchers are generally less likely to use AI for more creative activities, such as generating new research hypotheses and designing experiments or studies.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-45/c91","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/d4d42f9e2881454f","nativeRecordCid":"e79365bb-8734-4b63-a8c7-dfd93d2ecd22","documentId":"open-science-source-45","id":"c91","text":"The likelihood of using a reliable and secure AI assistant for creative research purposes is higher among researchers who saw a benefit in AI.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"likelihood of using a secure AI assistant for creative purposes","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Prior research shows the likelihood of using a reliable and secure AI assistant for such purposes is higher among those who saw a benefit in AI.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-45/c92","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/ec6f3dd9ad0e48eb","nativeRecordCid":"0e2fb44d-8ec3-46c6-aa2b-12a449717a65","documentId":"open-science-source-45","id":"c92","text":"Researchers are optimistic about the positive impact AI will have on knowledge generation.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"researchers' optimism about AI and knowledge generation","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Despite some reservations, overall, researchers are optimistic about the positive impact AI will have on knowledge generation, with 61% of respondents globally agreeing the technology will drive new knowledge.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-45/c93","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/9f6f878d26c3479f","nativeRecordCid":"5b8a01d3-0140-410e-81d5-e4a5cdff76c7","documentId":"open-science-source-45","id":"c93","text":"Agreement that AI will drive new knowledge is higher among early-career researchers and decreases as years of research experience increase.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"agreement on AI driving new knowledge by career stage","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Agreement is higher among early career researchers, falling as number of years in research increases, from 74% among those less than seven years in research to 52% among those with over 20 years’ experience.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-45/c94","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/76c92f402cbf49a0","nativeRecordCid":"ea8cb707-c2e3-4213-b10d-1cd07c52df29","documentId":"open-science-source-45","id":"c94","text":"Lack of AI training and governance could be contributing to uncertainty about the adoption of AI in research.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"lack of AI training and governance","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Lack of AI training and governance could be contributing to uncertainty and resistance to the adoption of AI in research.","representedInStars":false}
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{"key":"open-science-source-45/c164","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/a40f79286e98401b","nativeRecordCid":"f19dea3e-c236-443e-9846-7f74a025378c","documentId":"open-science-source-45","id":"c164","text":"Complex challenges researchers face, such as climate change, sustainable energy, and antibiotic resistance, are global in nature.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"complex global challenges","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Many of the complex challenges they face — like climate change, sustainable energy and antibiotic resistance — are themselves global, so by their nature require a collaborative interdisciplinary solution.","representedInStars":false}
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{"key":"open-science-source-45/c167","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/9bb9ea8af5c54ceb","nativeRecordCid":"60533e48-7105-402e-9d79-2e514e7d9ba4","documentId":"open-science-source-45","id":"c167","text":"Many researchers are keen to move to another country to strengthen networks and collaborations, gain new perspectives, and advance their careers.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"researchers' desire to move abroad","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Many researchers are keen to move to another country to strengthen networks and collaborations, gain new perspectives and take the next steps in their careers.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-45/c168","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/49d5e23fb2cd46e9","nativeRecordCid":"c6ae4049-de3f-4827-abdc-7a6602b81a24","documentId":"open-science-source-45","id":"c168","text":"The flow of talent through researcher mobility is critical from an institutional perspective.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"researcher mobility and institutions","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"From an institutional perspective, this flow of talent is critical: as noted in the _View from the Top_ report, universities are in global competition for talent, with 93% of leaders seeking more funding to attract the best talent.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-45/c169","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/8a7638b6b1694a29","nativeRecordCid":"465996fe-9b0a-45ed-800d-8ea953eded97","documentId":"open-science-source-45","id":"c169","text":"Universities are in global competition for talent.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"universities","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"From an institutional perspective, this flow of talent is critical: as noted in the _View from the Top_ report, universities are in global competition for talent, with 93% of leaders seeking more funding to attract the best talent.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-45/c170","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/6dba895192de42ef","nativeRecordCid":"137a581c-848a-4459-b84d-af03896fd556","documentId":"open-science-source-45","id":"c170","text":"Institutions that provide supportive environments, such as funding, stability and work-life balance, stand to gain talent, while those that do not may lose talent.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"institutional environments and talent retention","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"It underscores both a risk and an opportunity for institutions: those that provide supportive environments (e.g., funding, stability and work-life balance) stand to gain talent, while those that do not may lose people.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-45/c171","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/6268828aa257483e","nativeRecordCid":"91c84d0d-1d95-41a4-94d1-99e16b72946e","documentId":"open-science-source-45","id":"c171","text":"International and interdisciplinary collaboration is critical to research as a whole.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"international and interdisciplinary collaboration","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"International and interdisciplinary collaboration is critical to research as a whole and to individual researchers’ careers.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-45/c172","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/932f8b597709496e","nativeRecordCid":"987ab2c6-f5e8-402e-949a-fe60cd3a2a83","documentId":"open-science-source-45","id":"c172","text":"International and interdisciplinary collaboration is critical to individual researchers' careers.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"international and interdisciplinary collaboration","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"International and interdisciplinary collaboration is critical to research as a whole and to individual researchers’ careers.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-45/c173","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/e2248497d0d3404f","nativeRecordCid":"16b628b9-c6bd-449d-82ab-551ae6717c6b","documentId":"open-science-source-45","id":"c173","text":"Collaboration among researchers has shown a continuing upward trend globally.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"collaboration among researchers","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"This is in line with previous research, showing a continuing upward trend globally.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-45/c174","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/01499753b172426f","nativeRecordCid":"f277a064-e201-4eb1-9f1c-0c030e12165a","documentId":"open-science-source-45","id":"c174","text":"Collaboration brings diverse perspectives.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"collaboration","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Researchers recognize that collaboration brings diverse perspectives, fosters creativity, and often is necessary to tackle multifaceted research questions that require expertise from different areas.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-45/c175","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/7094a7a2b90e48c7","nativeRecordCid":"66fb5817-2b08-4ff8-a7eb-30fc55dccd4f","documentId":"open-science-source-45","id":"c175","text":"Collaboration fosters creativity.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"collaboration","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Researchers recognize that collaboration brings diverse perspectives, fosters creativity, and often is necessary to tackle multifaceted research questions that require expertise from different areas.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-45/c176","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/df501666f94a4e01","nativeRecordCid":"75111249-2919-4f38-bba8-7a667616f115","documentId":"open-science-source-45","id":"c176","text":"Collaboration is often necessary to tackle multifaceted research questions that require expertise from different areas.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"collaboration","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Researchers recognize that collaboration brings diverse perspectives, fosters creativity, and often is necessary to tackle multifaceted research questions that require expertise from different areas.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-45/c177","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/17645b068e5f4ef2","nativeRecordCid":"2f8635c3-cd02-473f-9a81-5a4fb68b0e80","documentId":"open-science-source-45","id":"c177","text":"The increase in interdisciplinary collaboration is a trend across research disciplines.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"interdisciplinary collaboration","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Interestingly, respondents from all disciplines reported an almost equally high increase in their interdisciplinary collaboration, suggesting this is a trend across research.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-45/c178","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/033c22f27fbc4ee7","nativeRecordCid":"724d08d7-c702-44b3-8f54-68b38ec9b3b9","documentId":"open-science-source-45","id":"c178","text":"Global challenges and research questions are not limited by geographic boundaries.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"global challenges and research questions","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Global challenges and research questions are not limited by geographic boundaries, so researcher mobility plays an important role in advancing career and scientific progress.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-45/c179","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/320c5089a56b495a","nativeRecordCid":"8a2ee566-7ad0-46ba-a936-2f8f88b69712","documentId":"open-science-source-45","id":"c179","text":"Researcher mobility plays an important role in advancing researchers' careers.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"researcher mobility","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Global challenges and research questions are not limited by geographic boundaries, so researcher mobility plays an important role in advancing career and scientific progress.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-45/c180","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/d85324d30fb24937","nativeRecordCid":"abb8acf9-b0f5-4542-8dfb-08a893beef9f","documentId":"open-science-source-45","id":"c180","text":"Researcher mobility plays an important role in advancing scientific progress.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"researcher mobility","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Global challenges and research questions are not limited by geographic boundaries, so researcher mobility plays an important role in advancing career and scientific progress.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-45/c181","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/3dba0162ec704265","nativeRecordCid":"bab85a98-5dac-4aa3-800a-fa9da1c91cf8","documentId":"open-science-source-45","id":"c181","text":"International mobility is a complex phenomenon influenced by global events, national policies and personal priorities.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"international mobility","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"It is a complex phenomenon influenced by global events, national policies and personal priorities.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-45/c182","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/8e2a427fbec94322","nativeRecordCid":"2b82a684-f2d2-487e-b7f6-c07e1001de94","documentId":"open-science-source-45","id":"c182","text":"There has been a decline in international mobility since the pandemic.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"international mobility","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"It seems there has been a decline in mobility since the pandemic: fewer researchers are considering relocating abroad now than in 2022.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-45/c183","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/c07a66dec99d417e","nativeRecordCid":"1f3afd20-222a-4085-9266-74ef99d6fac1","documentId":"open-science-source-45","id":"c183","text":"Cultural and personal ties, as well as language comfort, play a role in researchers' desire to move abroad.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"researchers' desire to move abroad","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Additionally, cultural and personal ties, as well as language comfort, play a role.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-45/c184","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/c0641abcadbf40d6","nativeRecordCid":"761eb85d-f9e2-4d6a-b1db-4ac4f16b28c7","documentId":"open-science-source-45","id":"c184","text":"Japanese researchers traditionally have lower mobility rates due to language and cultural preferences.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"Japanese researchers' mobility rates","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"For example, Japanese researchers traditionally have lower mobility rates due to language and cultural preferences,[9] and our data shows a very low percentage (9%) are considering relocating.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-45/c185","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/22fcc43ae8ae4951","nativeRecordCid":"2453bb4a-66f1-4231-8139-bc98a0e362e7","documentId":"open-science-source-45","id":"c185","text":"International mobility may be entering a new phase shaped by geopolitics.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"international mobility","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Overall, international mobility may be entering a new phase shaped by geopolitics.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-45/c186","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/836ed39b4b594bc9","nativeRecordCid":"7bfbdb06-9464-4617-ba0c-256dc015fc04","documentId":"open-science-source-45","id":"c186","text":"Countries that traditionally attracted many foreign researchers are seeing a change in perception as a destination.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"countries that traditionally attracted foreign researchers","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Countries that traditionally attracted many foreign researchers, like the USA, are seeing a change in perception as a destination, potentially influenced by factors such as immigration policy debates and funding allocations.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-45/c187","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/ddb6402e95624137","nativeRecordCid":"b61e67e7-9b01-4720-a1e7-2e80f759f243","documentId":"open-science-source-45","id":"c187","text":"Some countries have implemented policies to keep researchers or encourage them to return.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"countries' researcher-retention policies","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Meanwhile, some countries have implemented policies to keep researchers or encourage them to return, such as attractive funding and the Thousand Talents program in China.[10]","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-45/c188","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/717341040e474815","nativeRecordCid":"8d74e6a1-0a33-4786-aa96-86639c88dbfa","documentId":"open-science-source-45","id":"c188","text":"There is a dynamic global talent map in which some regions are gaining researchers at the expense of others.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"global talent map","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The net effect is a dynamic global talent map where some regions are gaining at the expense of others.","representedInStars":false}
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{"key":"open-science-source-45/c190","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/e21f8458042c4e48","nativeRecordCid":"9224dbdf-49e5-48b8-b837-91f84957b376","documentId":"open-science-source-45","id":"c190","text":"The desire to achieve greater impact and amplify the reach and significance of their work on society is one of the driving forces behind researchers' need to relocate.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"desire for greater research impact","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"One of the driving forces behind increased collaboration and a need to relocate is the desire to achieve greater impact and to amplify the reach and significance of their work on society.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-45/c191","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/295082f21c5e4ac9","nativeRecordCid":"e69272a5-cb3c-4d86-bad2-758526f7f446","documentId":"open-science-source-45","id":"c191","text":"Institutions and funders are increasingly looking for research that aims to solve global problems such as climate change, public health and sustainability.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"institutions and funders","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"While this is a result of personal beliefs for many, it is also due to pressures from institutions and funders, which the respondents note are increasingly looking for research that aims to solve global problems such as climate change, public health and sustainability.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-45/c192","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/89a644788f6642df","nativeRecordCid":"a2e66e9a-366b-4c91-ac0f-dfd5830a641b","documentId":"open-science-source-45","id":"c192","text":"Universities are under increasing pressure to show the broader impact of their research.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"universities","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Universities are under increasing pressure to show the broader impact of their research, and in the 2024 _View from the Top_ report, 79% of academic leaders agreed that means measuring impact beyond traditional metrics like publications and patents.[4]","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-45/c193","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/929a5f41d6b04b38","nativeRecordCid":"c84c07e3-e0f2-4a94-bf94-f10c64de4e9c","documentId":"open-science-source-45","id":"c193","text":"Researchers are feeling pressure to demonstrate the impact of their research.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"researchers","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Researchers are feeling this pressure and responding with increasing outreach about their work.","representedInStars":false}
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{"key":"open-science-source-45/c196","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/cda47be079a247ad","nativeRecordCid":"ccff0364-8815-42c8-9ffc-ca4825be3298","documentId":"open-science-source-45","id":"c196","text":"Outreach to a range of audiences is important for increasing research engagement.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"research outreach","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Given the importance of outreach to a range of audiences for increasing research visibility, engagement and societal value, these insights provide an opportunity for improved support for researchers.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-45/c197","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/b581693e609c426d","nativeRecordCid":"d1e176ba-a009-4c6d-9454-57d2b08beaa6","documentId":"open-science-source-45","id":"c197","text":"Outreach to a range of audiences is important for increasing the societal value of research.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"research outreach","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Given the importance of outreach to a range of audiences for increasing research visibility, engagement and societal value, these insights provide an opportunity for improved support for researchers.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-45/c198","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/de2995bcfc334158","nativeRecordCid":"471cb5c6-b2ec-4659-b57c-1f873de2998b","documentId":"open-science-source-45","id":"c198","text":"There is an ongoing shift toward more mission-driven research, driven by funding agencies, institutions, governments and other actors.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"mission-driven research","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Researchers are aware of the ongoing shift toward more mission-driven research, driven by funding agencies, institutions, governments and other actors.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-45/c199","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/6fb9bb319bc84d9b","nativeRecordCid":"b6397ad7-faea-4d35-a8d4-5b1d2686467c","documentId":"open-science-source-45","id":"c199","text":"Career advancement, funding and institutional support remain significant motivators for researchers.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"researchers' motivators","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"While career advancement, funding and institutional support remain significant motivators, there is a clear desire among researchers for their work to be meaningful and impactful.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-45/c200","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/9d948c6a2b2a4d90","nativeRecordCid":"90312518-97a2-4fad-9501-6b0756d5384c","documentId":"open-science-source-45","id":"c200","text":"There is a clear desire among researchers for their work to be meaningful and impactful.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"researchers' desire for meaningful work","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"While career advancement, funding and institutional support remain significant motivators, there is a clear desire among researchers for their work to be meaningful and impactful.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-45/c201","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/e9cf370f0d944925","nativeRecordCid":"c1733f91-c06c-4629-b6ad-89597cfe3259","documentId":"open-science-source-45","id":"c201","text":"The viewpoint that research must always have real-world benefit has gained traction since 2022.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"viewpoint that research must have real-world benefit","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"This viewpoint has gained traction, with an increase of 7 percentage points since 2022.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-45/c202","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/fc84300afa494524","nativeRecordCid":"3f635538-c5e1-4045-96f9-3db63d3110a8","documentId":"open-science-source-45","id":"c202","text":"Researchers in North America are more likely than researchers in Asia Pacific to say their research will have an impact across a range of areas.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"regional differences in expected research impact","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Overall, researchers in North America (particularly the USA) are more likely to say their research will have an impact across a range of areas, and those in Asia Pacific (particularly China) less likely.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-45/c203","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/5c641c6f2c7241a6","nativeRecordCid":"81ec016c-f7d2-44d7-b680-35e352f9dbbd","documentId":"open-science-source-45","id":"c203","text":"More senior researchers are more likely to expect an impact from their research than early career researchers.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"seniority and expected research impact","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"More senior researchers are also more likely to expect an impact than early career researchers.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-45/c204","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/91478295a3cf452a","nativeRecordCid":"60702bbc-8ad8-44da-a723-b57c47a19178","documentId":"open-science-source-45","id":"c204","text":"Differences in disciplines reflect the nature of the research when it comes to impact.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"disciplinary differences in research impact","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Differences in disciplines reflect the nature of the research when it comes to impact.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-45/c205","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/4d0b329565454ec9","nativeRecordCid":"e5a9ce29-86cb-4e04-a9a4-1d1634c0a8e2","documentId":"open-science-source-45","id":"c205","text":"Health researchers are more likely to expect their work to impact quality of life.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"health researchers' expected impact","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"For example, health researchers are more likely to expect their work to impact quality of life (56%), improved clinical or research practices (61%), increased life expectancy (29%) and shortened treatment time (33%).","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-45/c206","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/49c4cb8207f54471","nativeRecordCid":"7a08e9e9-edd5-4e4a-b409-443a37551142","documentId":"open-science-source-45","id":"c206","text":"Health researchers are more likely to expect their work to result in improved clinical or research practices.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"health researchers' expected impact","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"For example, health researchers are more likely to expect their work to impact quality of life (56%), improved clinical or research practices (61%), increased life expectancy (29%) and shortened treatment time (33%).","representedInStars":false}
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{"key":"open-science-source-45/c228","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/0258fb1df00342fc","nativeRecordCid":"5841028e-8198-44cb-9833-daf054d7d519","documentId":"open-science-source-45","id":"c228","text":"Support from institutions is crucial for researchers to do outreach effectively.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"institutions","subject":"institutional support for researcher outreach","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"A strong theme from responses is that support from institutions is crucial.","representedInStars":true}
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{"key":"open-science-source-45/c232","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/c281604007064984","nativeRecordCid":"ea790164-a924-4d9d-b049-bcb8a0b3f85d","documentId":"open-science-source-45","id":"c232","text":"Institutions supporting and formally recognizing outreach efforts could help unlock more societal impact of research.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"institutional recognition of outreach","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Given the proportion of researchers engaging in various activities, institutions supporting and formally recognizing these efforts could help unlock more societal impact of the research, enabling researchers and institutions to extend the influence of their work beyond the research ecosystem.","representedInStars":false}
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{"key":"open-science-source-45/c242","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/086cb6a07df0401c","nativeRecordCid":"af1ed5c7-af10-45e8-bf1f-609a795e179e","documentId":"open-science-source-45","id":"c242","text":"Mobility, though somewhat tempered recently, continues to redistribute talent globally.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"global redistribution of talent via mobility","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Mobility, while somewhat tempered recently, continues to redistribute talent globally, and this underscores the need for creating supportive research environments to both retain and attract researchers.","representedInStars":false}
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{"key":"open-science-source-45/c244","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/569a40b710204d1a","nativeRecordCid":"3f821ef3-b7d0-4196-bcef-19768a6c952f","documentId":"open-science-source-45","id":"c244","text":"Work-life balance is a pivotal factor in where researchers choose to work.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"factors in researcher work location choice","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Work-life balance, funding availability and academic freedom emerge as pivotal factors in where researchers choose to work; these are areas institutions and governments can work to improve to nurture their research communities.","representedInStars":false}
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{"key":"open-science-source-46/c32","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/faa26801d0a54eeb","nativeRecordCid":"66737eb0-c5a8-4e95-98c9-c9a91f8325e1","documentId":"open-science-source-46","id":"c32","text":"The development of agentic AI tools represents a fundamentally different problem from that of applicants who use LLMs to polish up a draft.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"agentic AI tools vs LLM-polished drafts","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Widening use and the development of agentic tools represents a fundamentally different problem from that of applicants who use LLMs to polish up a draft.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-46/c33","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/eff2fd044fe84bd1","nativeRecordCid":"9153bd48-e957-4681-86e6-938c201029ea","documentId":"open-science-source-46","id":"c33","text":"An LLM can improve craft, whereas an agent optimizes for outcomes.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"LLMs versus agents","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"An LLM can improve craft, but an agent optimizes for outcomes.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-46/c34","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/f087e0b7397c461b","nativeRecordCid":"427943ea-b155-4ebc-94a0-3feeafcd3fc0","documentId":"open-science-source-46","id":"c34","text":"When a researcher asks an agent to produce the strongest possible application for a specific funding call, the resulting proposal is not the researcher's argument shaped by AI but a fully AI-generated proposal optimized to the funders' brief, albeit shaped by the context the researcher provides.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"nature of agent-generated proposals","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"When a researcher asks an agent to produce the strongest possible application for a specific funding call, the proposal that emerges is not the researcher’s argument shaped by AI. It is a fully AI-generated proposal optimized to the funders’ brief, albeit shaped by the context that the researcher provides.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-46/c35","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/6d1c6163c9754d88","nativeRecordCid":"cdee80c6-6026-4b94-a477-c66c713d22e9","documentId":"open-science-source-46","id":"c35","text":"Research funders have mostly responded to the changing AI landscape by clamping down on the use of generative AI by applicants and reviewers.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"funders' response to AI use","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"So far, research funders have responded to the changing AI landscape mostly by clamping down on the use of generative AI by applicants and reviewers.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-46/c36","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/f9662cae762a416b","nativeRecordCid":"e0edbe4a-b777-463d-b94d-93f798194a27","documentId":"open-science-source-46","id":"c36","text":"UK Research and Innovation (UKRI) prohibits reviewers from uploading proposal content into generative AI tools.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"UKRI's policy on generative AI","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The funding agency UK Research and Innovation (UKRI) prohibits reviewers from uploading proposal content into generative AI tools, as “a breach of confidentiality and integrity.”","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-46/c37","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/61c57c74fe764758","nativeRecordCid":"7c010a12-efbc-494f-b16e-5eb2a5323517","documentId":"open-science-source-46","id":"c37","text":"Bans on researchers' and reviewers' use of generative AI are impossible to enforce.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"enforceability of AI bans","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"In our view, as well as being impossible to enforce, such bans are an inadequate response to the challenge at hand.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-46/c38","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/7914f4db65d84d80","nativeRecordCid":"aa5681ac-1db6-4015-824c-143cb0dc2e19","documentId":"open-science-source-46","id":"c38","text":"Bans on researchers' and reviewers' use of generative AI are an inadequate response to the challenge of AI use in grant funding.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"adequacy of AI bans","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"In our view, as well as being impossible to enforce, such bans are an inadequate response to the challenge at hand.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-46/c39","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/15cc4132c2c844fb","nativeRecordCid":"3995d0e2-2eae-4e6d-9802-194232e6b6da","documentId":"open-science-source-46","id":"c39","text":"A funding system that rewards well-crafted, cogently argued proposals creates an incentive to deploy whatever tools improve craft and cogency.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"incentives created by funding systems","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"A funding system that rewards well-crafted, cogently argued proposals creates an incentive to deploy whatever tools improve craft and cogency.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-46/c40","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/d2e52a6bf3be452c","nativeRecordCid":"e6fc568e-0376-4482-904f-e942bf4c4e97","documentId":"open-science-source-46","id":"c40","text":"Bans on AI use are likely to be widely ignored because the incentive to use AI is strong and the probability of detection is low.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"effectiveness of AI bans","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Bans are likely to be widely ignored, because the incentive to use AI is strong and the probability of detection low.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-46/c41","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/bb94d0c852a240a1","nativeRecordCid":"e7b055fb-a82f-4684-b2be-72099722ffbe","documentId":"open-science-source-46","id":"c41","text":"Prohibiting the use of generative AI can disadvantage people who do not speak English as a first language.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"effect of AI bans on non-native English speakers","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Prohibiting their use can 4. disadvantage people who do not speak English as a first language","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-46/c42","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/ac86415d6ffd4b46","nativeRecordCid":"5b991bac-8e8e-4198-a99e-c29974d54f4c","documentId":"open-science-source-46","id":"c42","text":"Researchers using agentic AI to apply for funding might be maximizing their own chances of success, assuming that agents are deployed sensibly and with appropriate oversight.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"researchers' use of agentic AI","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Researchers using agentic AI to apply for funding might be maximizing their own\n\nchances of success, assuming that agents are deployed sensibly and with appropriate","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-46/c43","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/b29c1d7e769e43fc","nativeRecordCid":"d9aef291-be21-47d6-b2c8-15f8e96a60a2","documentId":"open-science-source-46","id":"c43","text":"The collective outcome of researchers using agentic AI to apply for funding is dysfunctional.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"collective outcome of agentic AI use","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"But the collective outcome is dysfunctional — a landscape in which all proposals meet the funding criteria and the differences between them are small.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-46/c44","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/88f1ae828b254c9e","nativeRecordCid":"a38ef6b5-6146-497c-9ca3-7835aad5e0bb","documentId":"open-science-source-46","id":"c44","text":"When researchers use agentic AI to apply for funding, all proposals end up meeting the funding criteria.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"effect of agentic AI on proposals meeting criteria","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"But the collective outcome is dysfunctional — a landscape in which all proposals meet the funding criteria and the differences between them are small.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-46/c45","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/f6995d92d111471d","nativeRecordCid":"1b3d0353-2867-4586-a1a2-ab87d1868014","documentId":"open-science-source-46","id":"c45","text":"When researchers use agentic AI to apply for funding, the differences between proposals become small.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"effect of agentic AI on proposal differentiation","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"But the collective outcome is dysfunctional — a landscape in which all proposals meet the funding criteria and the differences between them are small.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-46/c46","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/f4c62de256d34b97","nativeRecordCid":"2a91532f-236e-4d85-af03-eaedda488eb2","documentId":"open-science-source-46","id":"c46","text":"A shift to agentic AI might affect peer review too.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"agentic AI's effect on peer review","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"A shift to agentic AI might affect peer review, too.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-46/c47","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/c61e4abd20e54e03","nativeRecordCid":"14534014-3e93-4824-9aba-30108ee6213a","documentId":"open-science-source-46","id":"c47","text":"Agents can read a grant proposal before a person has finished reading the abstract.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"AI agents' peer-review capabilities","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Agents can read a proposal, retrieve relevant literature, assess methodological soundness and generate a structured evaluation before a person has finished reading the abstract.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-46/c48","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/9d032fd849694a27","nativeRecordCid":"94c6b20a-e19c-4d7f-bbb7-238dc7f511d3","documentId":"open-science-source-46","id":"c48","text":"Agents can retrieve relevant literature before a person has finished reading the abstract.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"AI agents' peer-review capabilities","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Agents can read a proposal, retrieve relevant literature, assess methodological soundness and generate a structured evaluation before a person has finished reading the abstract.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-46/c49","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/7dd685bc7ed94136","nativeRecordCid":"089d7809-7ece-4c04-8297-cf5a1c2f3060","documentId":"open-science-source-46","id":"c49","text":"Agents can assess methodological soundness before a person has finished reading the abstract.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"AI agents' peer-review capabilities","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Agents can read a proposal, retrieve relevant literature, assess methodological soundness and generate a structured evaluation before a person has finished reading the abstract.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-46/c50","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/f817ae4b13074f11","nativeRecordCid":"2219d714-08fa-434f-86d2-8dab6e32c11b","documentId":"open-science-source-46","id":"c50","text":"Agents can generate a structured evaluation before a person has finished reading the abstract.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"AI agents' peer-review capabilities","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Agents can read a proposal, retrieve relevant literature, assess methodological soundness and generate a structured evaluation before a person has finished reading the abstract.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-46/c51","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/63ca36d0bce5461c","nativeRecordCid":"2728a910-7efa-4a3a-81d7-d7771c931a8a","documentId":"open-science-source-46","id":"c51","text":"When both proposals and reviews are mediated by agents trained on the same body of previously funded work, the system will no longer be evaluating the quality of ideas.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"effect of agent-mediated proposals and reviews","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"When both proposals and reviews are mediated by agents that are trained on the same body of previously funded work, the system will no longer be evaluating the quality of ideas.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-46/c52","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/66273aa0817846b8","nativeRecordCid":"4ba172db-4f38-4764-96cf-32e442419ed4","documentId":"open-science-source-46","id":"c52","text":"When both proposals and reviews are mediated by agents trained on the same body of previously funded work, the system will instead be evaluating how well agents have learnt to simulate the ideas that funders have previously rewarded.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"effect of agent-mediated proposals and reviews","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"It will be evaluating how well agents have learnt to simulate the ideas that funders have previously rewarded.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-46/c53","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/bb9f1d03d56542f1","nativeRecordCid":"dffeea18-c3f7-461e-88c1-429c008034ac","documentId":"open-science-source-46","id":"c53","text":"One proposal for dealing with overburdened funding systems is the use of lotteries, which allocate funding at random to grants that fall within a set quality band.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"proposals for overburdened funding systems","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Proposals put forward for dealing with overburdened funding systems include the use of lotteries (allocating funding at random to grants that fall within a set quality band), and distributed models of peer review, in which researchers who submit grants are tasked with reviewing the applications of others.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-46/c54","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/6f445cc4bbc24da8","nativeRecordCid":"e52b65df-04d3-4291-ac04-e092c71cbb55","documentId":"open-science-source-46","id":"c54","text":"Another proposal for dealing with overburdened funding systems is distributed models of peer review, in which researchers who submit grants review the applications of others.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"proposals for overburdened funding systems","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Proposals put forward for dealing with overburdened funding systems include the use of lotteries (allocating funding at random to grants that fall within a set quality band), and distributed models of peer review, in which researchers who submit grants are tasked with reviewing the applications of others.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-46/c55","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/e31524d87eac4d57","nativeRecordCid":"103705bf-9ef3-405e-8332-ac5d989ef663","documentId":"open-science-source-46","id":"c55","text":"Lotteries and distributed models of peer review tackle issues of volume in grant funding.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"effectiveness of lotteries and distributed peer review","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"These measures tackle issues of volume, but they cannot help if measures of quality become unreliable.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-46/c56","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/ed3fd09c28d94b57","nativeRecordCid":"28937a27-d97b-4819-aec0-672e5c1e656d","documentId":"open-science-source-46","id":"c56","text":"Lotteries and distributed models of peer review cannot help if measures of quality become unreliable.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"limits of lotteries and distributed peer review","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"These measures tackle issues of volume, but they cannot help if measures of quality become unreliable.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-46/c57","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/c54e57cf54f149b8","nativeRecordCid":"357ab3bf-4492-4462-9cc2-9eded604fc1b","documentId":"open-science-source-46","id":"c57","text":"Lotteries and distributed models of peer review cannot prevent researchers from using agents to peer review applications.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"limits of lotteries and distributed peer review","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Nor can they prevent researchers from using agents to peer review applications.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-46/c58","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/b5e67a6586cf4429","nativeRecordCid":"3604b20e-b1b8-4950-a280-c24c0f6a4273","documentId":"open-science-source-46","id":"c58","text":"Funding bodies should shift the emphasis of evaluation away from written proposals and towards the principal investigator, their research team, and their previous and ongoing research programmes.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"funding bodies","subject":"basis of grant evaluation","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"In our opinion, funding bodies should consider shifting the emphasis of evaluation away from written proposals, and towards the principal investigator, their research team and their previous and ongoing research programmes.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-46/c59","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/9c4027b08b854887","nativeRecordCid":"48786aca-921c-4c51-ac96-86ebff1a7019","documentId":"open-science-source-46","id":"c59","text":"Funders should invest in track-record verification to look at the research performance of an individual or group over a sustained period.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"funders","subject":"track-record verification","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Funders should invest in track-record verification to look at the research performance of an individual or group over a sustained period, along with interviews and portfolio-based assessments of sustained team performance.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-46/c60","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/056a0b7ae9d04856","nativeRecordCid":"80b5b879-0f4c-48d2-bca6-33b68e8e1297","documentId":"open-science-source-46","id":"c60","text":"Funders should use interviews to evaluate research performance.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"funders","subject":"interviews in grant evaluation","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Funders should invest in track-record verification to look at the research performance of an individual or group over a sustained period, along with interviews and portfolio-based assessments of sustained team performance.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-46/c61","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/08d5ab7aaed3433f","nativeRecordCid":"e226f81f-7697-4ac3-b814-fbb23918f891","documentId":"open-science-source-46","id":"c61","text":"Funders should use portfolio-based assessments of sustained team performance.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"funders","subject":"portfolio-based assessments","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Funders should invest in track-record verification to look at the research performance of an individual or group over a sustained period, along with interviews and portfolio-based assessments of sustained team performance.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-46/c62","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/700a6a31d9784760","nativeRecordCid":"f5f1d906-d324-43c9-bf80-16ef849693f5","documentId":"open-science-source-46","id":"c62","text":"Approaches such as track-record verification, interviews, and portfolio-based assessments can help identify researchers who are worth funding.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"person-focused evaluation approaches","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"But although such approaches can help to identify researchers who are worth funding, they are time and labour intensive.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-46/c63","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/463378216e6f4831","nativeRecordCid":"3d0a8c3c-ab90-48c3-8a71-47c1bc02df55","documentId":"open-science-source-46","id":"c63","text":"Approaches such as track-record verification, interviews, and portfolio-based assessments are time and labour intensive.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"person-focused evaluation approaches","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"But although such approaches can help to identify researchers who are worth funding, they are time and labour intensive.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-46/c64","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/1ca2c65e31634360","nativeRecordCid":"b73ea628-9819-42be-ba27-d93a50814969","documentId":"open-science-source-46","id":"c64","text":"Approaches such as track-record verification, interviews, and portfolio-based assessments are poorly suited to huge volumes of applications.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"person-focused evaluation approaches","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"They are poorly suited to huge volumes of applications, so demand management might also be needed.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-46/c65","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/d096a07d1bc9432f","nativeRecordCid":"e7d89f69-0d0b-4f90-9b21-4fa8ab3b90c7","documentId":"open-science-source-46","id":"c65","text":"Demand management may also be needed to manage huge volumes of grant applications.","kind":"normative","modality":"may","actor":"funders","subject":"demand management","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"They are poorly suited to huge volumes of applications, so demand management might also be needed.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-46/c66","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/b25a5f93daa1418e","nativeRecordCid":"c73e12b3-f8b4-450b-b1be-ebf58dd03166","documentId":"open-science-source-46","id":"c66","text":"The NIH caps individual grant submissions at 6 per year.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"NIH submission cap","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The NIH has capped individual submissions at 6 per year, after finding that some researchers were submitting more than 40 applications in a single round.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-46/c67","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/39326dd5561a4d25","nativeRecordCid":"77946074-814b-4577-bdb1-b204bf34fa3d","documentId":"open-science-source-46","id":"c67","text":"Funders may support fewer, larger programme grants awarded to institutions or networks to reduce the volume of individual applications.","kind":"normative","modality":"may","actor":"funders","subject":"programme grants to institutions or networks","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"An alternative approach is to support fewer, larger programme grants that are awarded to institutions or networks, reducing the volume of individual applications.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-46/c68","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/7cb7859fbad34207","nativeRecordCid":"2b647903-6a8a-4b59-b0d7-feca477971fe","documentId":"open-science-source-46","id":"c68","text":"Person-focused awards are susceptible to the Matthew effect, in which resources tend to be given to those who are already successful.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"person-focused awards and the Matthew effect","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Person-focused awards are also susceptible to the Matthew effect — in which resources tend to be given to those who are already successful.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-46/c69","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/8f238ddd634640a4","nativeRecordCid":"ebe3fc15-9490-4b35-b015-84ec1e9df82f","documentId":"open-science-source-46","id":"c69","text":"Person-focused awards might exacerbate biases against early-career researchers, under-represented groups, less established or prestigious institutions, and interdisciplinary and emerging fields.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"bias effects of person-focused awards","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"They might exacerbate biases against early-career researchers, under-represented groups, less established or prestigious institutions, and interdisciplinary and emerging fields.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-46/c70","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/cf01bc14a5a741e4","nativeRecordCid":"73aaff7f-73b4-4dad-936f-65f243986b10","documentId":"open-science-source-46","id":"c70","text":"Ring-fencing money for groups disadvantaged by person-focused awards can go some way to tackling bias issues.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"mitigating bias in person-focused awards","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Ring-fencing money for these groups, and anonymization of applications at the first round of selection, can go some way to tackling these issues.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-46/c71","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/f18d68802f164d83","nativeRecordCid":"1619492c-46da-4547-8f5b-ff3e91fb6506","documentId":"open-science-source-46","id":"c71","text":"Anonymization of applications at the first round of selection can go some way to tackling bias issues in person-focused awards.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"mitigating bias in person-focused awards","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Ring-fencing money for these groups, and anonymization of applications at the first round of selection, can go some way to tackling these issues.","representedInStars":false}
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{"key":"open-science-source-46/c73","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/cfac4d828c83480c","nativeRecordCid":"421160a8-a5ee-45f0-984f-a2f69606b7bd","documentId":"open-science-source-46","id":"c73","text":"Funders may divide the available funding pot by the eligible researcher population on a national basis and award the same amount to everyone, eliminating competition from the funding system.","kind":"normative","modality":"may","actor":"funders","subject":"equal division of national funding","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Or funders might divide the available funding pot by the eligible researcher population on a national basis, and award the same amount to everyone, eliminating competition from the system.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-46/c74","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/0111c1e87fbd4df3","nativeRecordCid":"dae7c1ed-14bb-44e4-9746-c99500d30e47","documentId":"open-science-source-46","id":"c74","text":"Radical approaches such as fixed proposal rations or equal funding division are hard to apply to the complex, large-scale and global funding system.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"radical funding approaches","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"But these ideas are hard to apply to the complex, largescale and global funding system, and don’t reflect the fact that research in particle physics and molecular biology is inevitably more costly than it is in political philosophy and medieval French, for example.","representedInStars":false}
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{"key":"open-science-source-46/c76","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/1ed6cee2ea1b449b","nativeRecordCid":"4ab90714-ca28-4f57-984c-ab46276bdb7e","documentId":"open-science-source-46","id":"c76","text":"Research in particle physics and molecular biology is inevitably more costly than research in political philosophy and medieval French.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"cost differences across research fields","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"But these ideas are hard to apply to the complex, largescale and global funding system, and don’t reflect the fact that research in particle physics and molecular biology is inevitably more costly than it is in political philosophy and medieval French, for example.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-46/c77","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/a462462662814471","nativeRecordCid":"a01df0f3-508e-49d3-b13e-9796b1615828","documentId":"open-science-source-46","id":"c77","text":"Funders must lean into agentic AI.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"funders","subject":"funders' adoption of agentic AI","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Funders will, perhaps counterintuitively, also need to lean into agentic AI.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-46/c78","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/7de24b564dcf4bec","nativeRecordCid":"fa8cd49c-4173-4833-9f11-3d012e4c0238","documentId":"open-science-source-46","id":"c78","text":"Funders need AI-native funding systems built from the ground up with AI in mind, rather than merely using AI to improve existing workflows.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"funders","subject":"AI-native funding systems","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Rather than using AI to improve existing workflows, funders need AI-native funding systems that are built from the ground up with AI in mind.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-46/c79","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/a3ddf91ce0fd4ccc","nativeRecordCid":"3a01c770-bfee-442a-9962-ccb885920144","documentId":"open-science-source-46","id":"c79","text":"AI-native funding systems may profile applicants based on their publication impact.","kind":"normative","modality":"may","actor":"AI-native funding systems","subject":"applicant profiling dimensions","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Such systems could deploy AI tools to profile applicants from multiple angles — including their publication impact, collaborative reach, methodological diversity and career trajectory.","representedInStars":false}
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{"key":"open-science-source-46/c81","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/0c5bcfc44da444e8","nativeRecordCid":"76f6d555-df60-4685-a16a-44351c8451bb","documentId":"open-science-source-46","id":"c81","text":"AI-native funding systems may profile applicants based on their methodological diversity.","kind":"normative","modality":"may","actor":"AI-native funding systems","subject":"applicant profiling dimensions","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Such systems could deploy AI tools to profile applicants from multiple angles — including their publication impact, collaborative reach, methodological diversity and career trajectory.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-46/c82","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/06528d138220448e","nativeRecordCid":"eb1a60c7-4d42-4df6-8f61-5de33d3ca731","documentId":"open-science-source-46","id":"c82","text":"AI-native funding systems may profile applicants based on their career trajectory.","kind":"normative","modality":"may","actor":"AI-native funding systems","subject":"applicant profiling dimensions","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Such systems could deploy AI tools to profile applicants from multiple angles — including their publication impact, collaborative reach, methodological diversity and career trajectory.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-46/c83","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/bac0cbca294442c5","nativeRecordCid":"bd4d6fcc-3079-42e0-95a5-f415625d708c","documentId":"open-science-source-46","id":"c83","text":"A rich profiling picture would allow funders to compare candidates more completely than a funding panel can.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"applicant profiling and comparison","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"This rich picture would allow funders to compare candidates more completely than can a funding panel.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-46/c84","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/1e35739d7b314ad8","nativeRecordCid":"8952ff81-701b-4c71-98f0-7e99965849c7","documentId":"open-science-source-46","id":"c84","text":"AI-native funding systems may use AI to prioritize and shortlist applications by comparing data across applicant profile dimensions to identify candidates whose record is consistent with the statements in their application.","kind":"normative","modality":"may","actor":"AI-native funding systems","subject":"AI-based prioritization and shortlisting","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"AI could then be used to prioritize and shortlist applications, by comparing data across these profile dimensions to identify candidates whose record is consistent with the statements in their application.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-46/c85","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/bc5cc04c6d3e469b","nativeRecordCid":"a438a368-e785-42a7-a519-e26686e85555","documentId":"open-science-source-46","id":"c85","text":"A shortlisting function in an AI-native funding system should be transparent and auditable.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"AI-native funding systems","subject":"shortlisting function properties","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Such a shortlisting function would be transparent, auditable and designed to embrace rather than suppress diversity across career stages, disciplines and institutions.","representedInStars":false}
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{"key":"open-science-source-46/c87","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/cbe8ab4513c149ee","nativeRecordCid":"5eda0b0d-ff54-4746-820d-6ce8562e8721","documentId":"open-science-source-46","id":"c87","text":"Better predictive heuristics for novelty and impact are within reach.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"predictive heuristics for novelty and impact","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Better predictive heuristics for novelty and impact are also within reach.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-46/c88","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/817e7026c9db4b55","nativeRecordCid":"77aababa-33c5-41b7-8fb4-fdb1cba32cfb","documentId":"open-science-source-46","id":"c88","text":"Deep-learning models of publication abstracts and metadata can predict a paper's real-world impact much more accurately than citation counts can.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"deep-learning impact prediction","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Indeed, deep-learning models of publication abstracts and metadata can already predict a paper’s real-world impact much more accurately than can citation counts, and can potentially identify Nobel prize-preceding work.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-46/c89","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/87507c57679a4c07","nativeRecordCid":"043bc6c2-2cb1-4f26-8b13-e08bda7dc91a","documentId":"open-science-source-46","id":"c89","text":"Deep-learning models of publication abstracts and metadata can potentially identify Nobel-prize-preceding work.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"deep-learning impact prediction","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Indeed, deep-learning models of publication abstracts and metadata can already predict a paper’s real-world impact much more accurately than can citation counts, and can potentially identify Nobel prize-preceding work.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-46/c90","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/178a65788b2b4383","nativeRecordCid":"0a956288-5c9c-492a-b4e6-43f4c9740431","documentId":"open-science-source-46","id":"c90","text":"Predictive heuristic tools could make funders more forward-looking by enabling them to identify research directions that are gaining momentum before they attract mainstream recognition.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"predictive heuristics and forward-looking funding","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Such tools could make funders more forward-looking by enabling them to identify research directions that are gaining momentum before they attract mainstream recognition.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-46/c91","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/789c08c9ca074685","nativeRecordCid":"2fd94103-e1ac-4fa3-ab2a-2badc0cac281","documentId":"open-science-source-46","id":"c91","text":"AI-native funding systems will face serious objections.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"objections to AI-native funding systems","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"AI-native funding systems will face serious objections.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-46/c92","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/b3a55e9c0e8d49ad","nativeRecordCid":"275926a3-740f-4e97-adab-1767f624acb6","documentId":"open-science-source-46","id":"c92","text":"Building AI-native funding infrastructure requires sustained investment.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"","subject":"building AI-native funding infrastructure","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"First, building such infrastructure requires sustained investment, careful testing and ongoing governance.","representedInStars":false}
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{"key":"open-science-source-46/c95","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/37cc3bc3c3cf4b75","nativeRecordCid":"cb0acbb6-3369-4580-9448-454c4db2744a","documentId":"open-science-source-46","id":"c95","text":"Funders operating under resource pressure might baulk at building AI-native funding infrastructure.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"funders' resistance to investment","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Funders operating under resource pressure might baulk.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-46/c96","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/f40a7d1993784b4e","nativeRecordCid":"5571d13e-a172-4da4-8f1e-8c7809c216b6","documentId":"open-science-source-46","id":"c96","text":"The current grant-funding system wastes enormous resources on panels and resubmissions, as well as the costs of researcher time.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"waste in the current funding system","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"However, the current system already wastes enormous resources on panels and resubmissions — as well as the costs of researcher time.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-46/c97","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/4db6c72723c049a7","nativeRecordCid":"77e272bf-8c32-43cf-ac3a-7ceb200e3227","documentId":"open-science-source-46","id":"c97","text":"A well-designed AI-native system could be a worthwhile investment.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"value of AI-native funding systems","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"A well-designed AI-native system could be a worthwhile investment.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-46/c98","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/6fe338684b8d4aee","nativeRecordCid":"00a83164-cf14-42f8-90ba-8243821b40f5","documentId":"open-science-source-46","id":"c98","text":"AI systems trained on historical funding data will encode historical inequities.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"AI systems and historical inequities","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Second, AI systems trained on historical funding data will encode historical inequities, potentially amplifying rather than correcting Matthew effects.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-46/c99","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/6569120094924c55","nativeRecordCid":"01ede2a3-2488-4361-b6c1-91de1d390352","documentId":"open-science-source-46","id":"c99","text":"AI systems trained on historical funding data could potentially amplify rather than correct Matthew effects.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"AI systems and Matthew effects","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Second, AI systems trained on historical funding data will encode historical inequities, potentially amplifying rather than correcting Matthew effects.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-46/c100","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/dd456db4f28e4b04","nativeRecordCid":"8a532ca1-97bc-4b06-8c6a-5435db871a9b","documentId":"open-science-source-46","id":"c100","text":"Design and governance can help tackle the risk of AI systems encoding and amplifying historical inequities in funding.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"mitigating AI-driven inequity risk","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"This is a legitimate risk, but we suggest that design and governance can help to tackle it.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-46/c101","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/73d5ad2f50974bed","nativeRecordCid":"5cafef92-af65-4329-b4b4-5b7fc267a94e","documentId":"open-science-source-46","id":"c101","text":"Bias in AI systems can be measurable, providing opportunities to consider and remedy it.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"measurability of AI bias","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Bias in AI systems can be measurable, providing opportunities to consider and remedy it.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-46/c102","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/82f717e34b844296","nativeRecordCid":"22ab8a45-8763-4bab-be8c-b8a6d577a98a","documentId":"open-science-source-46","id":"c102","text":"Researchers and institutions might resist decisions shaped by algorithms that they cannot interrogate.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"resistance to algorithmic decisions","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Third, researchers and institutions might resist decisions shaped by algorithms that they cannot interrogate.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-46/c103","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/46b313837e2443eb","nativeRecordCid":"ca6c9e4c-fb6b-4804-a2c7-d3e755fa33aa","documentId":"open-science-source-46","id":"c103","text":"Transparency and appeal mechanisms could help build trust in algorithmic funding decisions.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"trust in algorithmic decisions","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Transparency and appeal mechanisms could help to build trust.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-46/c104","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/85a013ea62494b47","nativeRecordCid":"eda1d7d7-1e50-4471-8cce-dfa8d13f59b2","documentId":"open-science-source-46","id":"c104","text":"The grant-funding system built for a pre-AI world is failing.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"state of the grant-funding system","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The grant-funding system built for a pre-AI world is failing.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-46/c105","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/a3f3678c960640f8","nativeRecordCid":"39532b56-9569-4865-883c-32db7180783c","documentId":"open-science-source-46","id":"c105","text":"Funders must adapt.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"funders","subject":"funders' adaptation","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Funders must adapt.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-46/c106","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/7043f3bf0ed74c29","nativeRecordCid":"3a9dd126-c47e-4690-8c73-52d585063265","documentId":"open-science-source-46","id":"c106","text":"A stronger grant-funding system could harness the power of AI combined with specialist knowledge.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"future stronger funding system","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The result could be a stronger system: one that harnesses the power of AI and\n\ncombines it with specialist knowledge, and that reduces the time and energy being wasted on unproductive grant-writing and directs it back into groundbreaking research.","representedInStars":false}
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{"key":"open-science-source-48/c13","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/da0d716b628f450d","nativeRecordCid":"11fdac32-1739-427b-b352-527a71f801b1","documentId":"open-science-source-48","id":"c13","text":"The new wave of generative AI tools means people can no longer straightforwardly trust what they see in content.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"generative AI tools and trust in content","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Now, with the new wave of generative tools, we can “[no longer believe our own eyes](https://scholarlykitchen.sspnet.org/2025/03/13/research-integrity-content-provenance-and-c2pa/).”","representedInStars":false}
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{"key":"open-science-source-48/c16","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/c9d4a8c7d1f74c05","nativeRecordCid":"249cc40c-dd3b-4115-8e21-a119b4451750","documentId":"open-science-source-48","id":"c16","text":"Readers are not required to treat every element as a verifiable source of trust or to check every trust box.","kind":"normative","modality":"may","actor":"readers of scholarly content","subject":"verification of trust elements","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"It is not necessary to take every element as a verifiable source of trust or check every “trust box\".","representedInStars":false}
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{"key":"open-science-source-48/c19","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/5ab07cdf65f544c1","nativeRecordCid":"4c38de5a-4d72-4c34-a967-9800e042fd65","documentId":"open-science-source-48","id":"c19","text":"Research should not be dismissed because it lacks a publishable data set or funding.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"","subject":"evaluation of research lacking data or funding","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"For example, not every research project has a publishable data set, or it might not include funding, and research shouldn’t be dismissed because it lacks these things.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-48/c20","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/eb435b0c3eb3453e","nativeRecordCid":"bb9e02bf-7d0b-4fb2-8a74-c8ae6ebe3cf4","documentId":"open-science-source-48","id":"c20","text":"The existence of images, data sets, or funding statements does not necessarily guarantee that they are accurate and have not been manipulated.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"reliability of images, data sets, funding statements","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Even the existence of images, data sets, or funding statements doesn’t necessarily guarantee that these are accurate or haven’t been manipulated in some manner.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-48/c21","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/5feb515d6de94d45","nativeRecordCid":"06aa3582-0bb9-41ac-bf0e-7f301b284a1c","documentId":"open-science-source-48","id":"c21","text":"There are malicious actors attempting to fool trust systems for some form of gain.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"malicious actors and trust systems","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"There are malicious actors in the world attempting to fool the systems for some form of gain.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-48/c22","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/db4b14d135bd414a","nativeRecordCid":"5015ec33-1339-49f6-afc2-b682e9cd4d23","documentId":"open-science-source-48","id":"c22","text":"It is harder to fabricate all of the elements of a network of trust than to create a single fictitious result or paper disconnected from its research lifecycle.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"fabrication of trust networks versus single fictitious results","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"It is harder to fabricate all of the elements of a network of trust than it is to create a single fictitious result or paper that is disconnected from its research lifecycle.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-48/c23","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/a08cf80a686d4e79","nativeRecordCid":"86c9ef47-a9ae-4738-a121-ce996dea84e4","documentId":"open-science-source-48","id":"c23","text":"Trust is a compilation of signals and heuristics.","kind":"definitional","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"nature of trust","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Trust is a compilation of signals and heuristic; it is not a hard and fast rule.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-48/c24","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/8335ec05418e41dc","nativeRecordCid":"65a72833-fad0-4117-8e50-037312ff93d9","documentId":"open-science-source-48","id":"c24","text":"Trust is not a hard and fast rule.","kind":"definitional","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"nature of trust","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Trust is a compilation of signals and heuristic; it is not a hard and fast rule.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-48/c25","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/2cee7b6a264f425d","nativeRecordCid":"edd64b08-adf2-44eb-afab-d03516f81fbf","documentId":"open-science-source-48","id":"c25","text":"More signals of trust are needed.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"","subject":"signals of trust","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"We certainly need more signals of trust, and these signals should be consistently applied.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-48/c26","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/c85b7d7cdec04cf9","nativeRecordCid":"644df6ba-386b-4803-abfc-9abfcb3f98c9","documentId":"open-science-source-48","id":"c26","text":"Signals of trust should be consistently applied.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"","subject":"application of trust signals","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"We certainly need more signals of trust, and these signals should be consistently applied.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-48/c27","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/e911b770e8204854","nativeRecordCid":"5759f312-333a-4cf7-b670-e7e71e1004b1","documentId":"open-science-source-48","id":"c27","text":"There are a variety of community initiatives working to develop a consensus on scientific integrity standards.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"community initiatives on scientific integrity standards","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"There are a variety of community initiatives to develop a consensus on scientific integrity standards, such as [United2Act](https://stm-assoc.org/what-we-do/strategic-areas/research-integrity/united2act/), [US Office of  Research Integrity](https://ori.hhs.gov/), the [European Code of Conduct for Research Integrity](https://allea.org/code-of-conduct/), [STM Research Integrity Hub](https://stm-assoc.org/what-we-do/strategic-areas/research-integrity/integrity-hub/), the [SOPs4RI Toolbox](https://sops4ri.eu/toolbox/), [Japan’s  Initiatives for Promotion of Research Integrity](https://www.mext.go.jp/content/20210521-mxt_kiban02-000004257_2.pdf), and [Content-update Signaling and Alerting Protocol (CUSAP](https://stm-assoc.org/what-we-do/strategic-areas/standards-technology/cusap/)) project, along with attempts to improve awareness of retracted work, including the NISO [Communication of Retractions, Removals, and Expressions of Concern (CREC](https://www.niso.org/standards-committees/crec)) Recommended Practice and the [COPE’s retraction guidelines](https://publicationethics.org/guidance/guideline/retraction-guidelines).","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-48/c28","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/bdb19e1501dc4de6","nativeRecordCid":"b21a81bd-a6e6-4da2-a56d-da960be4faaf","documentId":"open-science-source-48","id":"c28","text":"Community initiatives on scientific integrity have been integrated into proprietary approaches to the labelling of content.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"proprietary content labelling approaches","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"These have been integrated into proprietary approaches to the labelling of content, including the Center for Open Science’s [Open Science Badges](https://www.cos.io/initiatives/badges), Public Knowledge Project’s [Publication Facts Label](https://pkp.sfu.ca/pfl-information/), and F1000’s [VeriXiv](https://verixiv.org/)’s upcoming badging of checks.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-48/c29","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/84c8b117c93b4e94","nativeRecordCid":"8a4b2aec-f8e4-4b1b-b52f-618d29d5d2b7","documentId":"open-science-source-48","id":"c29","text":"The lack of consistent definitions or a standardized framework may cause confusion among readers about the meaning of trust signals.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"consistency of trust marker definitions","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The lack of consistent definitions or standardized framework may cause confusion among readers about the meaning of these signals.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-48/c30","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/fa96e271737240b2","nativeRecordCid":"094dd48e-0dbd-4237-8f58-c92000f368cc","documentId":"open-science-source-48","id":"c30","text":"Traditional signals of trust that could previously be relied on for content veracity are shifting.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"traditional signals of trust","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"As the ground shifts under our feet regarding the veracity of content and traditional signals of trust that we could rely on, we need to develop new approaches to assess and gauge the trustworthiness of the information we receive.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-48/c31","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/6701ecdb0e4b4027","nativeRecordCid":"a87f6a8b-45ba-4431-96e4-badd1e58fb27","documentId":"open-science-source-48","id":"c31","text":"New approaches to assess and gauge the trustworthiness of the information received must be developed.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"","subject":"approaches to assessing trustworthiness of information","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"As the ground shifts under our feet regarding the veracity of content and traditional signals of trust that we could rely on, we need to develop new approaches to assess and gauge the trustworthiness of the information we receive.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-48/c32","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/d2894272e39d4d40","nativeRecordCid":"0205d2b7-446d-493e-b833-85a7cfc17812","documentId":"open-science-source-48","id":"c32","text":"The new Trust Markers project is a good place to start addressing the need for new approaches to trust assessment.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"Trust Markers project","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The new Trust Markers project is good place to start.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-50/c1","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/993db713546c4102","nativeRecordCid":"00dd8481-7326-4b18-a205-6a4738fa2e5b","documentId":"open-science-source-50","id":"c1","text":"Neither the Open Science Framework (OSF) criteria that guide Open Data badge eligibility nor the Open Practices Disclosure (OPD) form makes explicit reference to analysis code or syntax.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"OSF and OPD form criteria","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Importantly, neither the Open Science Framework (OSF) criteria that guide badge eligibility nor the Open Practices Disclosure (OPD) form completed by the 2019 authors makes explicit reference to analysis code or syntax.","representedInStars":false}
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{"key":"open-science-source-50/c6","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/b469349939354d28","nativeRecordCid":"5cc6c8d0-e82a-4856-89ac-0c90989f9991","documentId":"open-science-source-50","id":"c6","text":"The difference between the Submission Guidelines and the OPD form that authors completed is important.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"Submission Guidelines vs OPD form","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The difference between the Submission Guidelines and the OPD form that authors completed is important.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-50/c7","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/6770aaca436e4ea9","nativeRecordCid":"94a144b8-0da3-4f09-a9b3-1a9622bdbbcd","documentId":"open-science-source-50","id":"c7","text":"The Submission Guidelines provide advice but are not the rule of law.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"Submission Guidelines","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The Submission Guidelines provide advice, but they are not the rule of law.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-50/c8","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/0a189281bf9140a8","nativeRecordCid":"1060c750-7523-4383-86f3-8df22d661a3d","documentId":"open-science-source-50","id":"c8","text":"The rule of law regarding Open Data badge eligibility is established in the Open Practices Disclosure form rather than the Submission Guidelines.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"Open Data badge eligibility rules","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The rule of law is established in the OPD form, which at the time the 2019 authors completed it, made no mention of analysis code.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-50/c9","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/9213be7ca2a34a58","nativeRecordCid":"c57d60f5-d9bd-4157-8859-59d6a3cbfed7","documentId":"open-science-source-50","id":"c9","text":"The criteria outlined in the OPD form were not sufficiently explicit regarding the elements that should be included in an open-access registry in order to ensure independent reproducibility.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"OPD form criteria","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The criteria outlined in the OPD form were not sufficiently explicit regarding the elements that should be included in an open-access registry in order to ensure independent reproducibility.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-50/c10","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/7753950f0fec4336","nativeRecordCid":"870241db-afcb-4306-af92-6a70c4f2fc78","documentId":"open-science-source-50","id":"c10","text":"Ensuring that analyses can be reproduced is only one of several possible motivations for authors to make their data openly accessible.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"motivations for open data sharing","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Importantly, ensuring that analyses can be reproduced is only one of several possible motivations for authors to make their data openly accessible.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-50/c11","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/ed1c1d43c3734b35","nativeRecordCid":"f7f30d57-71e6-4457-8ed9-8e40cce84193","documentId":"open-science-source-50","id":"c11","text":"Reducing the need for duplicative data-collection efforts is a possible motivation for authors to make their data openly accessible.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"motivations for open data sharing","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Other possible motivations include reducing the need for duplicative data-collection efforts; facilitating collaborations; and even enabling analysis of data in different ways, thus helping to ensure findings are robust to different analytic approaches, to name a few.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-50/c12","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/83a5012ddfc8449f","nativeRecordCid":"f0cb46e5-e904-4f53-bab1-46ec308ffd8b","documentId":"open-science-source-50","id":"c12","text":"Facilitating collaborations is a possible motivation for authors to make their data openly accessible.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"motivations for open data sharing","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Other possible motivations include reducing the need for duplicative data-collection efforts; facilitating collaborations; and even enabling analysis of data in different ways, thus helping to ensure findings are robust to different analytic approaches, to name a few.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-50/c13","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/7f8c1be9ada242f8","nativeRecordCid":"79d5bbdc-f10e-478d-97f1-efcfa27b5d4f","documentId":"open-science-source-50","id":"c13","text":"Enabling analysis of data in different ways is a possible motivation for authors to make their data openly accessible, helping to ensure findings are robust to different analytic approaches.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"motivations for open data sharing","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Other possible motivations include reducing the need for duplicative data-collection efforts; facilitating collaborations; and even enabling analysis of data in different ways, thus helping to ensure findings are robust to different analytic approaches, to name a few.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-50/c14","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/84057ed078e54887","nativeRecordCid":"dcf617c4-8860-4830-a30e-4efeca9bc7d9","documentId":"open-science-source-50","id":"c14","text":"Transparency and scientific community building are not mutually exclusive goals.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"transparency and community building","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Critically, transparency and scientific community building are not mutually exclusive goals.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-50/c15","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/ea0d4a27cf754b2d","nativeRecordCid":"14573830-fbdf-46fc-bdd6-5ffc077723cd","documentId":"open-science-source-50","id":"c15","text":"Researchers should be encouraged to adhere to the higher standard in force at Psychological Science.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"researchers","subject":"researchers' adherence to reproducibility standard","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"We suggest that researchers should be encouraged to adhere to the higher standard in force at _Psychological Science_ .","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-50/c16","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/4d2a66afc6f141c4","nativeRecordCid":"77d85e69-7b0f-43bc-a4f6-5a0d26e267b2","documentId":"open-science-source-50","id":"c16","text":"A check of reproducibility during peer review may be preferable to the disclosure method of awarding badges.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"reproducibility check vs disclosure method","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Moreover, a check of reproducibility during peer review may be preferable to the disclosure method of awarding badges.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-50/c17","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/b350bf71d12e41c8","nativeRecordCid":"0d3126db-4bb2-40f4-a596-9f83c214fc1a","documentId":"open-science-source-50","id":"c17","text":"Open science badges are incentives for researchers to participate in open science practices such as preregistration and sharing of data and materials.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"open science badges","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Open science badges are incentives for researchers to participate in open science practices such as preregistration and sharing of data and materials.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-50/c18","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/0fd41596b35949eb","nativeRecordCid":"9274a5e2-7d34-44b4-81b4-d8c764c1af34","documentId":"open-science-source-50","id":"c18","text":"Sharing data is encouraged in order to increase transparency, reuse or reproducibility, and citations.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"data sharing","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"or reproducibility, and citations (Colavizza et al., 2020; Piwowar & Vision, 2013).","representedInStars":false}
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{"key":"open-science-source-50/c33","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/985b10340ae147cf","nativeRecordCid":"c79e715b-4d7a-4a05-b220-6a3ae512c9db","documentId":"open-science-source-50","id":"c33","text":"For a study to count as reproducible, its results should at least be reproducible by a competent external researcher.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"","subject":"reproducibility standard for a study","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"we did not establish any criteria for successful reproduction in advance, for a study to count as reproducible, its results should at least be reproducible by a competent external researcher (National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine, 2019), such as a PhD student with some experience and training in a similar field.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-50/c34","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/cbc1eda49d524bff","nativeRecordCid":"968ab384-b12f-4538-9cff-c1d9797e1aeb","documentId":"open-science-source-50","id":"c34","text":"\"Exactly reproducible\" represents the ideal of the Open Data badge in which there are no deviations from the reported results.","kind":"definitional","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"exactly reproducible rating","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Our informal reproducibility rating items were “exactly reproducible,” which represented the ideal of the Open Data badge in which there were no deviations from the reported results;","representedInStars":false}
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{"key":"open-science-source-50/c38","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/b44b477807b248cb","nativeRecordCid":"a0fd754b-7e08-48f6-a50b-51feab42ba6c","documentId":"open-science-source-50","id":"c38","text":"\"Not at all reproducible\" means that there is no numerical consistency between the reported results and the ones found, or that a reproduction attempt is otherwise not possible.","kind":"definitional","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"not at all reproducible rating","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"results were mostly numerically consistent; “mostly not reproducible,” meaning that there were major deviations and few numerically consistent results; and “not at all reproducible” if there was no numerical consistency between the reported results and the ones that we found, or a reproduction attempt was otherwise not possible.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-50/c39","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/9dbff614b7ec4d07","nativeRecordCid":"abb24566-612d-429c-a51b-c2d1d99c2306","documentId":"open-science-source-50","id":"c39","text":"Provision of both analysis code and data was a requirement for the award of an Open Data badge at Psychological Science at the time of submission.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"Open Data badge requirement at Psychological Science","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Provision of both analysis code and data was a requirement for the award of an Open Data badge at _Psychological Science_ at the time of submission, according to the explicit requirements stated in the submission guidelines.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-50/c40","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/b70b432d18de4258","nativeRecordCid":"0060a9c9-a39a-4edb-a162-2e49cdbb36f2","documentId":"open-science-source-50","id":"c40","text":"The Open Data badge policy at Psychological Science was introduced and implemented with the best of intentions.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"Open Data badge policy at Psychological Science","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"This fieldleading policy was certainly introduced and implemented with the best of intentions, but there appear to have been some oversights by the journal in its execution, as the OSF guidelines recommend at least a cursory check by the journal before the badge is awarded.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-50/c41","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/89ce994f56194ee3","nativeRecordCid":"b8bf2717-a335-40b7-aa31-dac3e75fbd32","documentId":"open-science-source-50","id":"c41","text":"There appear to have been some oversights by Psychological Science in the execution of the Open Data badge policy.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"execution of Open Data badge policy","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"This fieldleading policy was certainly introduced and implemented with the best of intentions, but there appear to have been some oversights by the journal in its execution, as the OSF guidelines recommend at least a cursory check by the journal before the badge is awarded.","representedInStars":false}
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{"key":"open-science-source-50/c43","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/087f0d8bc3564e8c","nativeRecordCid":"c0f6dc63-6630-4855-b543-a93f9b3f01e3","documentId":"open-science-source-50","id":"c43","text":"The reproducibility of articles that shared data and analysis code likely decreased since publication because of issues such as software rot.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"reproducibility decay of shared code and data","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"However, the reproducibility of the articles that shared data and analysis code likely decreased since publication (because of issues such as “software rot”; Hinsen, 2019).","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-50/c44","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/e6dcbbdf101d44bf","nativeRecordCid":"0d8ea8f9-aeba-4e96-8e6d-5b02ce4bd0fe","documentId":"open-science-source-50","id":"c44","text":"The provision of further incentives, in particular by funding agencies and institutions, may help make data sharing more common and effective.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"incentives for data sharing","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Moreover, the provision of further incentives, in particular by funding agencies and institutions, may help make data sharing more common and effective (Houtkoop et al., 2018).","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-50/c45","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/b143dfe485b54af0","nativeRecordCid":"eb700b29-48ec-4a01-8e53-7a56d78e7ccc","documentId":"open-science-source-50","id":"c45","text":"Authors wanting to share their data and code could take further steps to ensure eligibility for an Open Data badge.","kind":"normative","modality":"may","actor":"authors","subject":"authors' steps toward badge eligibility","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"First, authors wanting to share their data and code could take further steps to ensure eligibility for an Open Data badge.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-50/c46","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/e8970b191a30492e","nativeRecordCid":"572e9bb0-739c-488e-b9bb-9ac2a120aca5","documentId":"open-science-source-50","id":"c46","text":"Journals offering open science badges may support authors by providing guidance on documentation of data, code, and the online repository.","kind":"normative","modality":"may","actor":"journals offering open science badges","subject":"journal guidance on documentation","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Any journal offering open science badges could support its authors in making their data and code reproducible and usable by providing guidance on (a) documentation of data, code, and the online repository; (b) sharing the rawest possible data (within ethical and logistical limits) alongside the cleaned data; and (c) guidance on recommendations for avoiding dependency and version issues (e.g., by using a platform such as Docker or Code Ocean; Clyburne-Sherin et al., 2019; Nüst et al., 2020; or if working in R by using, e.g., _groundhog_ or _renv_ ; Simonsohn & Gruson, 2022; Ushey, 2022).","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-50/c47","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/2a5b7c9aa46d45d5","nativeRecordCid":"0ef482a1-b625-4ba3-8431-1f75cf6b763a","documentId":"open-science-source-50","id":"c47","text":"Journals offering open science badges may support authors by providing guidance on sharing the rawest possible data alongside the cleaned data.","kind":"normative","modality":"may","actor":"journals offering open science badges","subject":"journal guidance on raw data sharing","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Any journal offering open science badges could support its authors in making their data and code reproducible and usable by providing guidance on (a) documentation of data, code, and the online repository; (b) sharing the rawest possible data (within ethical and logistical limits) alongside the cleaned data; and (c) guidance on recommendations for avoiding dependency and version issues (e.g., by using a platform such as Docker or Code Ocean; Clyburne-Sherin et al., 2019; Nüst et al., 2020; or if working in R by using, e.g., _groundhog_ or _renv_ ; Simonsohn & Gruson, 2022; Ushey, 2022).","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-50/c48","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/e7d4c4265be74daa","nativeRecordCid":"4c14050d-deba-4307-87b1-047b3f0f2a66","documentId":"open-science-source-50","id":"c48","text":"Journals offering open science badges may support authors by providing guidance on avoiding dependency and version issues.","kind":"normative","modality":"may","actor":"journals offering open science badges","subject":"journal guidance on dependency issues","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Any journal offering open science badges could support its authors in making their data and code reproducible and usable by providing guidance on (a) documentation of data, code, and the online repository; (b) sharing the rawest possible data (within ethical and logistical limits) alongside the cleaned data; and (c) guidance on recommendations for avoiding dependency and version issues (e.g., by using a platform such as Docker or Code Ocean; Clyburne-Sherin et al., 2019; Nüst et al., 2020; or if working in R by using, e.g., _groundhog_ or _renv_ ; Simonsohn & Gruson, 2022; Ushey, 2022).","representedInStars":false}
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{"key":"open-science-source-50/c50","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/b6d33a1934e3454d","nativeRecordCid":"3c093a8e-efc6-4b0f-96af-c28dc366b62a","documentId":"open-science-source-50","id":"c50","text":"Authors can ensure machine-actionable reusability of their data by following the FAIR guidelines.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"FAIR guidelines and data reusability","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Authors can also ensure machineactionable reusability of their data by following the findable, accessible, interoperable, and reusable (FAIR) guidelines (Wilkinson et al., 2016).","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-50/c51","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/2f478e4e2b124804","nativeRecordCid":"d6b7284e-d1b4-41f2-a24e-b3d31e0fa3af","documentId":"open-science-source-50","id":"c51","text":"It is commendable when authors attempt to share their data.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"authors","subject":"authors sharing data","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"It is commendable when authors attempt to share their data—data and code imperfectly shared are typically better than data and code perfectly kept to oneself.","representedInStars":true}
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{"key":"open-science-source-50/c55","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/243f0ca88d574813","nativeRecordCid":"d0e24401-a7fd-453f-a6e2-9d06f56eba2c","documentId":"open-science-source-50","id":"c55","text":"Badge-awarding journals that rely on the disclosure method over the peer-review method could better describe the specific badge criteria.","kind":"normative","modality":"may","actor":"badge-awarding journals relying on the disclosure method","subject":"description of badge criteria","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"If such journals rely on the disclosure method over the peer-review method, they could better describe the specific badge criteria and clarify that code, syntax, or a detailed analysis description needs to be shared alongside the data— for example, as required by the submission guidelines at _Psychological Science_ .","representedInStars":false}
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{"key":"open-science-source-50/c76","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/445c530141464197","nativeRecordCid":"bf25c47b-73b0-4944-b747-fb40cb09d238","documentId":"open-science-source-50","id":"c76","text":"The badge check could be done by peer reviewers, dedicated badge reviewers, editors, or dedicated editorial staff.","kind":"normative","modality":"may","actor":"peer reviewers, dedicated badge reviewers, editors, or dedicated editorial staff","subject":"performers of badge check","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"This work could be done by peer reviewers, dedicated badge reviewers, editors, or dedicated editorial staff (Blohowiak et al., 2022) and should be as straightforward as running the code or scripts on the data and requiring corrections if this does not lead to an exact reproduction.","representedInStars":false}
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{"key":"open-science-source-50/c87","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/7ccf8e0b4bc44316","nativeRecordCid":"268c72fa-5970-48c2-9942-c990201692c2","documentId":"open-science-source-50","id":"c87","text":"Whether authors fill in their disclosure items appropriately should continue to be monitored.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"","subject":"monitoring of disclosure item accuracy","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Regardless, whether authors fill in their disclosure items appropriately should continue to be monitored—a recent study found low adherence even to mandatory data availability statements in biomedical research manuscripts (Gabelica et al., 2022).","representedInStars":false}
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{"key":"open-science-source-50/c107","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/31608b542246441a","nativeRecordCid":"6d872898-8ddf-4050-a71c-9578adb57b7d","documentId":"open-science-source-50","id":"c107","text":"A journal operating on TOP Levels 0 to 2 can introduce a version of the peer-review method of awarding Open Data badges without thereby moving to TOP Level 3.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"journals operating on TOP Levels 0 to 2","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Thus, a journal operating on TOP Levels 0 to 2 may introduce a version of the peer-review method of awarding Open Data badges without thereby moving to TOP Level 3.","representedInStars":false}
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{"key":"open-science-source-51/c1","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/4f0f6bc5bcfd4c8e","nativeRecordCid":"90db4bb9-1519-4b09-8cf3-40b6b37f7306","documentId":"open-science-source-51","id":"c1","text":"Every academic library should commit to invest 2.5% of its total budget to support the common infrastructure needed to create the open scholarly commons.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"academic libraries","subject":"library investment in open infrastructure","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The paper proposed that every academic library should commit to invest 2.5% of its total budget to support the common infrastructure needed to create the open scholarly commons.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-51/c2","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/005082b7fbb24287","nativeRecordCid":"db5613f0-0138-4db8-b2e5-afc3caf8a1a8","documentId":"open-science-source-51","id":"c2","text":"Most open infrastructure projects have little funding.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"funding of open infrastructure projects","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Our experience working with open infrastructure projects has also made clear how little funding most of these projects have.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-51/c3","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/4eb627921cba4294","nativeRecordCid":"015a8107-64d4-4ec9-9d4a-1705ede6edb1","documentId":"open-science-source-51","id":"c3","text":"Wenzler underestimated the academic library community.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"Wenzler's assessment of the academic library community","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"We, the authors, believe Wenzler has underestimated the academic library community.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-51/c4","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/2ed2b27ad14f4e23","nativeRecordCid":"6b200129-35e1-4fce-ac71-a04b02e23d3e","documentId":"open-science-source-51","id":"c4","text":"Focused attention on the problem of underfunded infrastructure and raising awareness of the consequences of inaction can change the academic library community's behavior.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"academic library community's behavior","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"We believe that with some focused attention on the problem and by raising awareness of the consequences of inaction, we can change our behavior and create incentives for ever larger contributions to the common good.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-51/c5","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/9fdb41dce63c451d","nativeRecordCid":"a105fd92-7221-4c81-a1c6-04ac33fcee07","documentId":"open-science-source-51","id":"c5","text":"Focused attention on the problem of underfunded infrastructure and raising awareness of the consequences of inaction can create incentives for ever larger contributions to the common good.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"incentives for contributions to the common good","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"We believe that with some focused attention on the problem and by raising awareness of the consequences of inaction, we can change our behavior and create incentives for ever larger contributions to the common good.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-51/c6","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/8c3bffa440ff4e8c","nativeRecordCid":"1cd809e9-5092-4170-8444-81091d4ce67d","documentId":"open-science-source-51","id":"c6","text":"The 2.5% figure is ultimately arbitrary.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"the 2.5% figure","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The figure is ultimately arbitrary.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-51/c7","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/c8313c588d25479e","nativeRecordCid":"125530f5-b677-4b23-95c0-52639b79e713","documentId":"open-science-source-51","id":"c7","text":"The library community must increase investment in common open infrastructure.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"the library community","subject":"investment in common open infrastructure","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The more important point is the need for the library community to increase investment in common open infrastructure and open publications.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-51/c8","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/07ba804c82664f67","nativeRecordCid":"d7960b4a-f781-412d-9bcf-3ba0d69eea96","documentId":"open-science-source-51","id":"c8","text":"The library community must increase investment in open publications.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"the library community","subject":"investment in open publications","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The more important point is the need for the library community to increase investment in common open infrastructure and open publications.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-51/c9","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/e61d410530ae406d","nativeRecordCid":"28c38c08-3e4d-414f-98cc-1cd2dfe59d45","documentId":"open-science-source-51","id":"c9","text":"Open common infrastructure comprises projects that provide software or services that support open scholarship.","kind":"definitional","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"open common infrastructure","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The 2.5% Commitment Initiative’s goal is to increase the collective investments from academic libraries towards open common infrastructure, that is, projects that provide software or services that support open scholarship.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-51/c10","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/bbaa62f807524c1d","nativeRecordCid":"915e71e8-b823-4f53-88dd-c95aedd1f045","documentId":"open-science-source-51","id":"c10","text":"Information about libraries' individual and collective investments in open infrastructure helps create a norm for the appropriate level of investment.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"norm for appropriate investment level","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"tion helps to create a norm for what the appropriate level of investment should be.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-51/c11","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/d57b4167e26341f2","nativeRecordCid":"77558ec0-fa01-43fc-b69d-64232ecb052e","documentId":"open-science-source-51","id":"c11","text":"Determining what should count as common open infrastructure is not a simple question.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"defining common open infrastructure","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"First, what should count as common open infrastructure is not a simple question.","representedInStars":false}
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{"key":"open-science-source-51/c13","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/96d3f2d9b56649d6","nativeRecordCid":"c33befdd-95fc-4426-a1f3-00992e7f200c","documentId":"open-science-source-51","id":"c13","text":"Core open infrastructure projects and organizations create tools or services that the community uses to build the open commons.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"core open infrastructure projects and organizations","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"These projects and organizations create tools or services that the community uses to build the open commons.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-51/c14","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/13fe29d9cff44f07","nativeRecordCid":"f00b613a-2e76-4a26-a096-eeffd0b0c873","documentId":"open-science-source-51","id":"c14","text":"Core open infrastructure projects and organizations should be not-for-profit.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"core open infrastructure projects and organizations","subject":"nonprofit status of core infrastructure","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"We currently believe these organizations and projects should be notfor-profit.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-51/c15","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/651aa60ef6474c75","nativeRecordCid":"17475d1a-845d-4485-ae51-211c8486a246","documentId":"open-science-source-51","id":"c15","text":"One category of common open infrastructure investment is the resources libraries use to support their institutional repositories.","kind":"definitional","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"categories of open infrastructure investment","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The second bucket is the resources that libraries use to support their institutional repositories.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-51/c16","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/67af35a510df468b","nativeRecordCid":"39f4f278-3ec4-4e3d-a305-72b5ba723ca1","documentId":"open-science-source-51","id":"c16","text":"The institutional repository resources category includes hardware.","kind":"definitional","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"institutional repository resources category","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"This includes hardware, software, and staff.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-51/c17","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/10ee5264938448a4","nativeRecordCid":"1791659f-b090-4957-bc43-dd38f21bd7f3","documentId":"open-science-source-51","id":"c17","text":"The institutional repository resources category includes software.","kind":"definitional","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"institutional repository resources category","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"This includes hardware, software, and staff.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-51/c18","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/0e63d977ae044d3b","nativeRecordCid":"6772a54b-cbc4-452b-a701-9fed2c558ef1","documentId":"open-science-source-51","id":"c18","text":"The institutional repository resources category includes staff.","kind":"definitional","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"institutional repository resources category","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"This includes hardware, software, and staff.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-51/c19","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/253008e8535542ca","nativeRecordCid":"1cb07c49-0530-4a7a-99af-a984e32cec7a","documentId":"open-science-source-51","id":"c19","text":"The institutional repository resources category may include funds to external organizations that support locally installed systems or host repositories.","kind":"normative","modality":"may","actor":"","subject":"institutional repository resources category","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"It might also include funds to external organizations that either support locally","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-51/c20","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/ea97531a64744a82","nativeRecordCid":"c9ebeca9-38cc-4167-b050-df9dd3b2c4a3","documentId":"open-science-source-51","id":"c20","text":"Expenditures for both for-profit and not-for-profit organizations should be included in the institutional repository resources category.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"","subject":"institutional repository resources category","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"It is probably necessary to include expenditures for both for-profit and not-for-profit organizations in this bucket.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-51/c21","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/0154ac035db84ca2","nativeRecordCid":"44f22fb7-2eca-480a-9021-67c0a93fcbd1","documentId":"open-science-source-51","id":"c21","text":"One category of common open infrastructure investment is open content.","kind":"definitional","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"categories of open infrastructure investment","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The final bucket is open content.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-51/c22","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/96e4a7fa2cae4adb","nativeRecordCid":"8834cca9-374e-4e95-8fd2-d8836f9ede40","documentId":"open-science-source-51","id":"c22","text":"Libraries below the average level of investment should increase their contributions to at least the average level.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"libraries below the average investment level","subject":"library investment level","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"But we will be doing much better if the rest can catch up and contribute at least at the average level.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-51/c23","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/f57638c7ff0444af","nativeRecordCid":"2157db8b-99f1-49dd-8bab-dd8d64b095b8","documentId":"open-science-source-51","id":"c23","text":"A roadmap or plan of action is needed to guide investment in open infrastructure.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"","subject":"roadmap for open infrastructure investment","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The first is the need for a roadmap, for a plan of action that can guide investment.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-51/c24","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/d11dba7171fb4705","nativeRecordCid":"675e830b-c329-4379-95dc-616a4b18d976","documentId":"open-science-source-51","id":"c24","text":"Existing academic library organizations should take on the task of creating a roadmap for open infrastructure investment.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"existing academic library organizations","subject":"creation of an investment roadmap","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Our recommendation would be that existing academic library organizations should take on this task.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-51/c25","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/124271b5d9be4bd8","nativeRecordCid":"bddefffb-a687-489b-9997-dd3a6df37c26","documentId":"open-science-source-51","id":"c25","text":"A common fund for collective investment in open infrastructure would be difficult to organize.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"common fund for collective investment","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"We believe such an effort, though difficult to organize, would provide an important level of coordination and further collective action.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-51/c26","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/fd488782dcd6469e","nativeRecordCid":"561418e1-bf97-4363-9bf9-1fe1eeee3f69","documentId":"open-science-source-51","id":"c26","text":"A common fund for collective investment in open infrastructure would provide an important level of coordination.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"common fund for collective investment","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"We believe such an effort, though difficult to organize, would provide an important level of coordination and further collective action.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-51/c27","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/db84e1cdfec94ad7","nativeRecordCid":"8eebd0f5-26dd-4fc7-8684-91cf7c283166","documentId":"open-science-source-51","id":"c27","text":"A common fund for collective investment in open infrastructure would further collective action.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"common fund for collective investment","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"We believe such an effort, though difficult to organize, would provide an important level of coordination and further collective action.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-51/c28","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/b1875710b88448f8","nativeRecordCid":"546489d0-6738-437e-9373-bcc565bde881","documentId":"open-science-source-51","id":"c28","text":"Libraries should assess their contributions to open access projects and measure their current investments in open infrastructure.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"academic libraries","subject":"library assessment of contributions","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Take a close look at your contributions to open access projects and use the spreadsheet on our website at http://scholarlycommons.net to measure your current investments.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-51/c29","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/54df1ce4b31b4032","nativeRecordCid":"663c6224-ad0b-4b2c-9136-2acfbe63554b","documentId":"open-science-source-51","id":"c29","text":"Libraries should make an additional contribution to open infrastructure beyond their current contributions.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"academic libraries","subject":"library contributions to open infrastructure","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Whatever your contributions are, make one more.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-51/c30","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/44bc6f272a364b28","nativeRecordCid":"4bb5c808-8b2d-450a-a532-f4c8bc659358","documentId":"open-science-source-51","id":"c30","text":"Libraries that use an open source product without making a financial contribution to it should consider contributing financially to the project.","kind":"normative","modality":"may","actor":"libraries using open source products without contributing","subject":"financial contribution to open source projects","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"If you use an open source product like DSpace or OJS and don’t make a finan-\n\ncial contribution to the project, consider doing so.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-51/c31","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/8ff336415d344d10","nativeRecordCid":"65c8724b-4b83-40a7-a918-ab603fd38c35","documentId":"open-science-source-51","id":"c31","text":"Libraries that are not SPARC members should become members.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"libraries that are not SPARC members","subject":"SPARC membership","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"If you are not a SPARC member, maybe you should be.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-51/c32","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/366b565d88954521","nativeRecordCid":"efa4ef7f-40c6-4213-aa8f-481159e93e2b","documentId":"open-science-source-51","id":"c32","text":"Libraries whose students would benefit from open textbooks should contribute to OpenStax.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"libraries whose students would benefit from open textbooks","subject":"contribution to OpenStax","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"If open textbooks would help your students, you should contribute to OpenStax.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-51/c33","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/f38e19c12c624ec7","nativeRecordCid":"699bb2f8-2c8c-42c8-89e1-7417be359eac","documentId":"open-science-source-51","id":"c33","text":"Libraries should talk to colleagues at peer institutions about their contributions to open infrastructure.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"academic libraries","subject":"communication with peer institutions","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Talk to colleagues at peer institutions.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-51/c34","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/f10880c7dae5413b","nativeRecordCid":"0b3af266-5c0a-4869-9eaa-3d339ef66b7d","documentId":"open-science-source-51","id":"c34","text":"Libraries should collectively set a standard for contribution that raises the bar for libraries and their peer institutions.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"academic libraries","subject":"collective contribution standard","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Find out what they are doing and how you might collectively set a standard for contribution that raises the bar for you and your peer institutions.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-51/c35","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/7c3f204001bf4075","nativeRecordCid":"3b466b64-b466-469a-968b-3b4567a0cb57","documentId":"open-science-source-51","id":"c35","text":"Libraries should hold each other accountable for their contributions to open infrastructure.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"academic libraries","subject":"accountability for contributions","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Hold each other accountable.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-51/c36","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/699c4cbfaadc43c2","nativeRecordCid":"d5770f54-564b-4ab5-96b8-17ed316cbaf6","documentId":"open-science-source-51","id":"c36","text":"Libraries should begin conversations with faculty and administration to build support for an institutional commitment to common open infrastructure.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"academic libraries","subject":"institutional support for open infrastructure","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Begin conversations with faculty and your administration to build support for an institutional commitment to common open infrastructure.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-51/c37","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/a93a457545ac4270","nativeRecordCid":"0311f742-0184-41b7-a68e-c2c719ed9795","documentId":"open-science-source-51","id":"c37","text":"The target level of library investment in open infrastructure will increase to 5.0% in the near future.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"target investment level","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The goal today may be 2.5%, but in the not too distant future, it will be 5.0%, and as more content becomes open, it will be even higher.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-51/c38","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/faea3a96100946a5","nativeRecordCid":"5af0d8c0-2a7e-458a-add0-2fe6c066fcb7","documentId":"open-science-source-51","id":"c38","text":"The target level of library investment in open infrastructure will increase further as more content becomes open.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"target investment level","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The goal today may be 2.5%, but in the not too distant future, it will be 5.0%, and as more content becomes open, it will be even higher.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-51/c39","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/08d8985b50cc4177","nativeRecordCid":"985d67f7-91cd-4c1d-a56d-211021380dc3","documentId":"open-science-source-51","id":"c39","text":"Libraries need to start building the case for campus support for open infrastructure investment now.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"academic libraries","subject":"case for campus support","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"You need to start building the case for campus support today.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-51/c40","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/12cd02c976324f7b","nativeRecordCid":"db565374-e42a-48d5-8764-f020a1021a90","documentId":"open-science-source-51","id":"c40","text":"Libraries need to think about where their money goes.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"academic libraries","subject":"library spending decisions","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"We all need to stop and think about where all of our money goes.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-51/c41","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/c015ad15f48346a8","nativeRecordCid":"2509f028-ca07-49ad-9248-794327418ba6","documentId":"open-science-source-51","id":"c41","text":"Libraries should spend in ways that remake scholarly communication so that it serves faculty, students, and the rest of the world.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"academic libraries","subject":"library spending on scholarly communication","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"it is up to us to spend in ways that will remake scholarly communication so that it serves our faculty and students, and the rest of the world, as well.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-51/c42","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/f4baea123bc74121","nativeRecordCid":"95513994-3310-4d84-9e34-e1c910f25e61","documentId":"open-science-source-51","id":"c42","text":"Academic libraries should help make the 2.5% Commitment a movement alongside the open access movement.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"academic libraries","subject":"the 2.5% Commitment movement","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Please help us make the 2.5% Commitment a movement alongside the open access movement.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-51/c43","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/2346f53f92af4ddb","nativeRecordCid":"44584d5a-fd1a-43bb-99f3-6af916d1ed89","documentId":"open-science-source-51","id":"c43","text":"Interest and conversation alone are not enough to fund open infrastructure.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"funding of open infrastructure","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"But interest and conversation are not enough.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-51/c44","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/0a1b9c59dd2541c1","nativeRecordCid":"1236488c-6f02-4591-ab90-12212891b0c8","documentId":"open-science-source-51","id":"c44","text":"Money is what ultimately matters for supporting open infrastructure.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"funding of open infrastructure","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"At the end of the day what matters is money.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-51/c45","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/4b6b6ae70bd34e5e","nativeRecordCid":"29f10858-ef4c-42f4-ba79-6737d9d1495f","documentId":"open-science-source-51","id":"c45","text":"Open infrastructure projects are needed by the academy.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"the academy","subject":"open infrastructure projects","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"There is no sustainable path for the open infrastructure projects that the academy needs without ongoing funding from academic library budgets.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-51/c46","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/f611e6e683fd4639","nativeRecordCid":"5408cb92-a3bc-4efd-b7ea-d186551a7baa","documentId":"open-science-source-51","id":"c46","text":"Open infrastructure projects must receive ongoing funding from academic library budgets in order to be sustainable.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"academic libraries","subject":"sustainability of open infrastructure projects","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"There is no sustainable path for the open infrastructure projects that the academy needs without ongoing funding from academic library budgets.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-51/c47","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/21438837a1794778","nativeRecordCid":"4191d54d-0f95-46e7-84cb-1ed031746edd","documentId":"open-science-source-51","id":"c47","text":"Commercial publishers are carrying out plans for further enclosing the academic commons.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"commercial publishers' enclosure of the academic commons","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"are very real as commercial publishers are, as we speak, carrying out plans for further enclosing the academic commons.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-51/c48","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/4a7f46ce2d874daf","nativeRecordCid":"5b456959-a40e-4635-ba4e-0e0303a1b45c","documentId":"open-science-source-51","id":"c48","text":"All libraries need to step up and increase their investment in open infrastructure now.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"all libraries","subject":"library investment in open infrastructure","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"All libraries need to step up, and they need to do so now.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-53/c1","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/e51d8c1d130c40bf","nativeRecordCid":"f436c9cb-a7e7-4d32-85f8-2ae30bf8ca7b","documentId":"open-science-source-53","id":"c1","text":"SCOSS invites non-commercial, open infrastructures in need of funding to apply for SCOSS coordinated funding each year.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"SCOSS's annual funding call","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"**Each year,** **SCOSS invites non-commercial, open infrastructures in need of funding to apply for SCOSS coordinated funding**.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-53/c2","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/7de28d3fda984324","nativeRecordCid":"ac8ab77a-1b33-453c-a1fc-4ba5932c5e52","documentId":"open-science-source-53","id":"c2","text":"SCOSS's application process begins with an invitation for interested infrastructure to submit an Expression of Interest.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"SCOSS application process","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"This process begins with an invitation for interested infrastructure to submit an Expression of Interest; applicant entries are evaluated, and up to six are selected and invited to submit a full, formal application.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-53/c3","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/70904940ad7e4b7b","nativeRecordCid":"a229a0c5-ec06-46bf-9d0c-ef8344f2b972","documentId":"open-science-source-53","id":"c3","text":"Applicant entries submitted to SCOSS are evaluated, and up to six are selected and invited to submit a full, formal application.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"SCOSS applicant evaluation and selection","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"This process begins with an invitation for interested infrastructure to submit an Expression of Interest; applicant entries are evaluated, and up to six are selected and invited to submit a full, formal application.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-53/c4","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/070e1fc2d0734fc4","nativeRecordCid":"dfe7599c-effc-4d7b-89b2-d7134aa82030","documentId":"open-science-source-53","id":"c4","text":"The full applications submitted to SCOSS are evaluated and 2-4 infrastructures are selected to become SCOSS-endorsed.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"SCOSS full application evaluation and endorsement","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The full applications are evaluated and 2-4 infrastructures are selected to become SCOSS-endorsed.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-53/c5","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/48fd9ae260324602","nativeRecordCid":"f4f5ccb7-4b23-47da-aeef-66623317e737","documentId":"open-science-source-53","id":"c5","text":"The SCOSS Advisory Group and Board evaluate applicants rigorously based on criteria including the infrastructure's value to communities such as funders, universities, libraries, authors, research managers and repositories.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"SCOSS Advisory Group and Board evaluation criteria","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The SCOSS Advisory Group and Board evaluate applicants rigorously based on criteria including the infrastructure's value to communities such as funders, universities, libraries, authors, research managers and repositories.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-53/c6","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/1eff4589b3224433","nativeRecordCid":"efe9a370-174b-4ec5-9e04-e631ece08452","documentId":"open-science-source-53","id":"c6","text":"Applicants to SCOSS are also evaluated on details pertaining to their governance structure, costs, sustainability measures, and future plans.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"SCOSS applicant evaluation criteria","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Applicants are also evaluated on details pertaining to their governance structure, costs, sustainability measures, and future plans.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-53/c7","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/06a29ed51b5a44b1","nativeRecordCid":"38e57303-d084-4b47-89f3-69ef174c2b6c","documentId":"open-science-source-53","id":"c7","text":"SCOSS presents endorsed infrastructures to the wider open science community and invites institutions to support them, similar to crowdfunding.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"SCOSS presentation of endorsed infrastructures","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"**SCOSS presents endorsed infrastructures to the wider open science community and invites institutions to support them**, similar to crowdfunding.","representedInStars":false}
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{"key":"open-science-source-54-c1/c20","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/52277b84ee224fd7","nativeRecordCid":"90c5b323-459c-436e-a3fb-5f715875844d","documentId":"open-science-source-54-c1","id":"c20","text":"Human expertise plays an irreplaceable role in maintaining quality scholarly communication systems today.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"human expertise in scholarly communication systems","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"This finding challenges common assumptions about the scalability of digital infrastructure and highlights the irreplaceable role of human expertise in maintaining quality scholarly communication systems today.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-54-c1/c21","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/6d779bb78132437a","nativeRecordCid":"c21b4c7b-2a9c-49fb-aca0-c27de696ef0b","documentId":"open-science-source-54-c1","id":"c21","text":"Many repositories currently rely on business models that do not include fee structures that would increase their revenues proportionally to the number of deposited units received from an institution or researcher.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"repository revenue/fee models","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Importantly, many repositories currently rely on business models that do not include fee structures that would increase their revenues proportionally to the number of deposited units received from an institution or researcher (e.g., “deposit fees”).","representedInStars":false}
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{"key":"open-science-source-54-c1/c26","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/b47f8c97393a4061","nativeRecordCid":"e24fa055-ebfe-4313-ac87-c3b400e21ea3","documentId":"open-science-source-54-c1","id":"c26","text":"Institutional sponsored research workflows are highly unstandardized.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"institutional sponsored research workflows","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"**Institutional sponsored research workflows are highly unstandardized;** their forms largely depend on local structures, relationships, and politics","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-54-c1/c27","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/156c1065f9a6425a","nativeRecordCid":"e47fba89-7753-4d95-bbed-6029d6de2de4","documentId":"open-science-source-54-c1","id":"c27","text":"The forms of institutional sponsored research workflows largely depend on local structures, relationships, and politics.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"institutional sponsored research workflows","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"**Institutional sponsored research workflows are highly unstandardized;** their forms largely depend on local structures, relationships, and politics","representedInStars":false}
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{"key":"open-science-source-54-c1/c35","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/97f8143d5923465b","nativeRecordCid":"ba4f4075-c574-4601-ba85-cdf47760e0ac","documentId":"open-science-source-54-c1","id":"c35","text":"Copied or bare-minimum data management plans create stress for everyone involved.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"effect of poor data management plans","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"**Data management plans are frequently copied and pasted or contain only bare-minimum responses**, creating stress for everyone involved","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-54-c1/c36","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/eeafaa582b844f05","nativeRecordCid":"2b79d2f9-1017-48ed-842f-a9b9edaf870f","documentId":"open-science-source-54-c1","id":"c36","text":"Predicting the Nelson Memo's impact on activities and bottom lines is one of the most perplexing challenges for publishers, repositories, researchers, and research institutions alike.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"predicting Nelson Memo impact","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Recognizing that predicting the Nelson Memo's impact on activities and bottom lines was one of the most perplexing challenges for publishers, repositories, researchers, and research institutions alike, two complementary tools were specifically designed for research institutions.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-54-c1/c37","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/d81f414c3b824b9f","nativeRecordCid":"f0c30533-70ff-4224-ac8e-03ccd31b798a","documentId":"open-science-source-54-c1","id":"c37","text":"The Publishing Profiler enables libraries to gauge future demand for institutional repositories based on the percentage of non-OA publications that will need compliance support.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"Publishing Profiler capability for libraries","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The tool's practical applications are immediate: libraries can gauge future demand for institutional repositories based on the percentage of non-OA publications that will need compliance support, while research offices can help investigators budget for article processing charges or plan to publish in fully open access journals.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-54-c1/c38","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/d4e27fb29f824084","nativeRecordCid":"79466fd7-7e6a-4105-8e4a-9b2e0a675635","documentId":"open-science-source-54-c1","id":"c38","text":"The Publishing Profiler enables research offices to help investigators budget for article processing charges or plan to publish in fully open access journals.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"Publishing Profiler capability for research offices","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The tool's practical applications are immediate: libraries can gauge future demand for institutional repositories based on the percentage of non-OA publications that will need compliance support, while research offices can help investigators budget for article processing charges or plan to publish in fully open access journals.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-54-c1/c39","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/8d60f71723ec43c9","nativeRecordCid":"8ad98584-5a26-460c-94fc-1a722bb26433","documentId":"open-science-source-54-c1","id":"c39","text":"The Cost Calculator's utility is limited by institutional data management practices.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"Cost Calculator utility","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"However, during the development of this tool, we realized that its utility is limited by institutional data management practices.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-54-c1/c40","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/046eccc8d0c842bd","nativeRecordCid":"5d3c6843-d450-4611-a27c-6222e58b6890","documentId":"open-science-source-54-c1","id":"c40","text":"The systemic issues affecting institutional cost data go beyond any single tool's capacity to solve.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"systemic cost-data issues","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The Cost Calculator's pilot testing with institutions uncovered significant systemic issues that go beyond any single tool's capacity to solve.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-54-c1/c41","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/268edbdc9084458b","nativeRecordCid":"408b35c8-f850-4c65-adf3-56cdc78926c7","documentId":"open-science-source-54-c1","id":"c41","text":"Each institution handles cost data differently, with frequent internal inconsistencies.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"institutional data handling","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"**High complexity in internal systems**: Each institution handles data differently, with frequent internal inconsistencies","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-54-c1/c42","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/d9eb1ab563cf48d9","nativeRecordCid":"396c2dfb-c425-4402-89b2-ec3ce2356a93","documentId":"open-science-source-54-c1","id":"c42","text":"Both public and internal datasets lack crucial article-level information for accurate cost calculations.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"missing article-level data","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"**Missing article-level data**: Both public and internal datasets lack crucial information for accurate calculations","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-54-c1/c43","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/c83e4aa3b6e14beb","nativeRecordCid":"e0fd14e1-09c2-4027-9195-e7849edf28c8","documentId":"open-science-source-54-c1","id":"c43","text":"Tracking of publishing costs relies on manual, messy processes divided across multiple staff and systems.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"cost-tracking processes","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"**Tracking challenges**: Manual, messy processes are divided across multiple staff and systems","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-54-c1/c44","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/c34fd4f1c8dc4d9b","nativeRecordCid":"079d2a19-1a92-415e-971f-168695751597","documentId":"open-science-source-54-c1","id":"c44","text":"Read and Publish deals make it nearly impossible to separate the exact costs for publishing components.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"Read and Publish agreement cost separation","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"**Agreement complexity**: Read and Publish deals make it nearly impossible to separate the exact costs for publishing components","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-54-c1/c45","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/be9a031da8314836","nativeRecordCid":"9591f705-5517-4000-b52a-865b30c03b0d","documentId":"open-science-source-54-c1","id":"c45","text":"Multiple institutional affiliations on publications and authors create double-counting problems in cost estimation.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"double-counting from multiple affiliations","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"**Overestimation risks**: Multiple institutional affiliations on publications and authors create double-counting problems","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-54-c1/c46","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/d8631ac8200f4e43","nativeRecordCid":"c7b413e9-d9bd-4c22-aca6-9f8361d68efd","documentId":"open-science-source-54-c1","id":"c46","text":"As long as institutional data about publishing costs is unstandardized and spread out across staff and systems, it will likely be too costly for an individual institution to use any tool to understand its spending patterns.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"usability of cost tools given data fragmentation","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"As long as institutional data about publishing costs is unstandardized and spread out across staff and systems, it will likely be too costly for an individual institution to use any tool to better understand its spending patterns.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-54-c1/c47","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/1e7f7d5d061e41bb","nativeRecordCid":"e51e4861-8ada-4708-bc8a-eadaa4e7428f","documentId":"open-science-source-54-c1","id":"c47","text":"Institutions need strong, standardized models for their accounting and reporting around research output publishing and deposit practices.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"institutions","subject":"standardized accounting/reporting models","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Instead of a 'cost calculator,' institutions need strong, standardized models for their accounting and reporting around research output publishing and deposit practices.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-54-c1/c48","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/4fa92ffc9cc742f8","nativeRecordCid":"392219c4-168f-4642-a9c6-1cac5e12f01a","documentId":"open-science-source-54-c1","id":"c48","text":"Including librarians and IT staff earlier in the proposal process helps researchers manage and share data more effectively throughout the project lifecycle.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"early involvement of librarians and IT staff","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"**Empower librarians with knowledge and support**: Including librarians and IT staff earlier in the proposal process helps researchers manage and share data more effectively throughout the project lifecycle.","representedInStars":false}
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{"key":"open-science-source-54-c2/c6","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/b037d2bc199d49ec","nativeRecordCid":"87231598-3d0c-4ab3-b913-0512c98a3c70","documentId":"open-science-source-54-c2","id":"c6","text":"The inclusion of research software in efforts to improve reward and evaluation of research staff is still lagging behind that of research data.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"inclusion of research software in reform efforts","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Whilst there are moves from a range of governments, funders, research institutions, and publishers, to address these (VSNU et al., 2019; Woolston, 2021), the inclusion of research software in these efforts is still lagging behind that of research data.","representedInStars":false}
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{"key":"open-science-source-54-c2/c21","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/e190cbf13f27456b","nativeRecordCid":"7442f578-1de0-4f75-8cb1-43c956863bfb","documentId":"open-science-source-54-c2","id":"c21","text":"Policy is defined as activities that aim to influence the policy or actions of other stakeholders, not only one's own organisation.","kind":"definitional","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"Policy (theme)","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Policy: activities that aim to influence the policy or actions of other stakeholders, not only one’s own organisation","representedInStars":false}
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{"key":"open-science-source-54-c2/c65","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/e9484b1554bd45a9","nativeRecordCid":"48ce61d7-247e-4ccf-8c58-9dbca008d897","documentId":"open-science-source-54-c2","id":"c65","text":"Initiatives with a skills and training focus commonly track qualitative case studies as a metric.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"skills and training focused initiatives' metrics","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"A common response was around skills and training metrics was a focus on demographics of participants, post-workshop impact, and qualitative case studies, such as that provided by the Carpentries (The Carpentries, 2021b).","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-54-c2/c66","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/6e6f03abc6c54b8f","nativeRecordCid":"7912e679-7dd2-4553-a9c8-ae24fd88a610","documentId":"open-science-source-54-c2","id":"c66","text":"Initiatives with an infrastructure focus utilise metrics such as downloads, contributors, clones, forks, and people contributing to projects.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"infrastructure-focused initiatives' metrics","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Initiatives with an infrastructure focus, such as CHAOSS, utilise metrics such as d ownloads, contributors, clones, forks, people contributing to projects, etc.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-54-c2/c67","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/75d2783b0a844a1d","nativeRecordCid":"b1e842e8-7fbc-4594-9203-071ee54271e6","documentId":"open-science-source-54-c2","id":"c67","text":"The five areas of people, incentives, communities, skills and training, and infrastructure overlap.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"the five thematic areas","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"While the discussion continues to be framed in the five areas of people, incentives, communities, skills and training and infrastructure, these areas overlap.","representedInStars":false}
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{"key":"open-science-source-54-c2/c69","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/657752cced164285","nativeRecordCid":"eae10373-56ef-4f88-91b2-1afdfcdc722f","documentId":"open-science-source-54-c2","id":"c69","text":"More integration between initiatives would likely assist in the achievement of common goals.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"integration between initiatives","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"It is likely that more integration would assist in the achievement of common goals.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-54-c2/c70","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/d3ca5aef5bd640f3","nativeRecordCid":"6df077f6-52b0-48a3-9bd3-7fde19a9191d","documentId":"open-science-source-54-c2","id":"c70","text":"Community members currently take on many policy activities as additional professional service or as volunteer work.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"community members' policy activities","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Currently, community members take on many of these policy activities as additional professional service, or as volunteer work.","representedInStars":false}
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{"key":"open-science-source-54-c2/c76","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/287b110c03124e0b","nativeRecordCid":"aa20bb12-ed60-49e5-bb46-8690a23a604f","documentId":"open-science-source-54-c2","id":"c76","text":"There has been an enormous investment in software infrastructure, but very little investment in people elements such as coding practices, team behaviours or decision-making processes.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"investment in software infrastructure vs people elements","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"There has been an enormous investment in software infrastructure, but very little on people elements such as coding practices, team behaviours or decision-making processes.","representedInStars":false}
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{"key":"open-science-source-54-c2/c80","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/a1a141dd8723420b","nativeRecordCid":"65b01f23-d151-47be-96c0-6b6e53945065","documentId":"open-science-source-54-c2","id":"c80","text":"Capacity building work in areas such as training and promoting diversity, equity, and inclusion must be financially supported by funding bodies and individual institutions.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"funding bodies and individual institutions","subject":"capacity building work funding","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"A lot of the capacity building work in areas such as training and promoting diversity, equity, and inclusion, must be financially supported by funding bodies and individual institutions.","representedInStars":false}
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{"key":"open-science-source-54-c2/c82","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/26d683c176984be7","nativeRecordCid":"2acb6d47-483a-4173-998a-a23d67484dfb","documentId":"open-science-source-54-c2","id":"c82","text":"Funders should increase their understanding of how to assess research better.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"funders","subject":"funders' understanding of research assessment","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"- Increase understanding by funders of how to assess research better and provide better opportunities to recognise and reward the diversity of roles within research.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-54-c2/c83","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/efbbe88c41f841f3","nativeRecordCid":"ac7666fe-2135-44a9-8cd3-ff989d26f228","documentId":"open-science-source-54-c2","id":"c83","text":"Funders should provide better opportunities to recognise and reward the diversity of roles within research.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"funders","subject":"recognition of diverse research roles","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"- Increase understanding by funders of how to assess research better and provide better opportunities to recognise and reward the diversity of roles within research.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-54-c2/c84","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/d930a64482a74bca","nativeRecordCid":"b0a20061-ec27-4c7d-a465-9bb15abcbc04","documentId":"open-science-source-54-c2","id":"c84","text":"Funder policies on the referencing of outputs, including software, should be analysed.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"","subject":"funder policies on referencing outputs","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"- Analyse funder policies on the referencing of outputs, including software.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-54-c2/c85","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/7950e6691ab34ed9","nativeRecordCid":"721a52ab-4c39-4d74-8630-1b21322aa134","documentId":"open-science-source-54-c2","id":"c85","text":"RSE initiatives should be enabled to move beyond survival or subsistence mindsets around funding.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"funders","subject":"RSE initiatives' funding mindsets","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"- Enable RSE initiatives to move beyond survival or subsistence mindsets around funding.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-54-c2/c86","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/71f0665f12fd44a1","nativeRecordCid":"bb98e6e1-45b9-4607-8267-94996857cfcc","documentId":"open-science-source-54-c2","id":"c86","text":"Survival or subsistence mindsets around funding can lead to conservatism in risk taking in some areas.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"survival/subsistence funding mindsets","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"This can lead to conservatism in risk taking in some areas, and moving beyond this could increase the ability to take risks and regard failure in a less terminal fashion.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-54-c2/c87","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/14c29e076b034b9a","nativeRecordCid":"288f1650-de0c-43dc-b32f-ca943751dc92","documentId":"open-science-source-54-c2","id":"c87","text":"Moving beyond survival or subsistence funding mindsets could increase the ability to take risks and regard failure in a less terminal fashion.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"moving beyond survival/subsistence funding mindsets","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"This can lead to conservatism in risk taking in some areas, and moving beyond this could increase the ability to take risks and regard failure in a less terminal fashion.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-54-c2/c88","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/c21060fc743844be","nativeRecordCid":"9fec336e-3f50-42d3-be8c-b182c5ac9b26","documentId":"open-science-source-54-c2","id":"c88","text":"Sustainability of research software beyond the product funding cycle should be increased, as this has consequences for the developers and maintainers.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"funders","subject":"sustainability of research software funding","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Increase sustainability of research software beyond the product funding cycle, as this has consequences for the developers and maintainers.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-54-c2/c89","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/347283e0dbaa4a6d","nativeRecordCid":"73c579e6-e6c9-4ec1-851f-8ba2740ceead","documentId":"open-science-source-54-c2","id":"c89","text":"Access to resourcing with fewer restrictions and less bureaucracy should be enabled, to make it more equitable.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"funders","subject":"access to resourcing","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"- Enable easier access to resourcing that has less restrictions and bureaucracy, to make it more equitable.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-54-c2/c90","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/0f9dbfa200fa49c2","nativeRecordCid":"7752ccbc-fa11-4cbf-98b0-0007dbb83b46","documentId":"open-science-source-54-c2","id":"c90","text":"Academic evaluation and reward systems must be changed to attract and retain diverse personnel in appropriate career paths.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"","subject":"academic evaluation and reward systems","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Effort is needed to change academic evaluation and reward systems to attract and retain diverse personnel in appropriate career paths.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-54-c2/c91","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/d80629b4fa484af4","nativeRecordCid":"1f222471-23e6-4a37-aefd-52082db0eaf2","documentId":"open-science-source-54-c2","id":"c91","text":"Understanding of career recognition and metrics issues should be increased across a wider range of countries to consider cultural differences.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"employers","subject":"career recognition and metrics understanding","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"- Increase understanding of career recognition and metrics issues across a wider range of countries to consider cultural differences.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-54-c2/c92","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/0ed1ac8ed20e4c4a","nativeRecordCid":"8219fa7b-c9e2-4cc1-9b4c-edddfd89ff12","documentId":"open-science-source-54-c2","id":"c92","text":"Career recognition and metrics issues should be considered from alternative viewpoints, not just technical ones.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"employers","subject":"career recognition and metrics issues","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"- Consider career recognition and metrics issues from alternative viewpoints (not just technical). For example, open source software functions as a community.","representedInStars":true}
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{"key":"open-science-source-54-c2/c119","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/494fc2d8b32b43b6","nativeRecordCid":"7cfbd89e-bdcd-430d-a144-59cc0501da85","documentId":"open-science-source-54-c2","id":"c119","text":"Diverse teams can improve scientific outputs.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"diverse teams","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"1. Increasing innovation: research has found that diverse teams can improve scientific outputs (Campbell et al., 2013; Liang et al., 2007).","representedInStars":false}
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{"key":"open-science-source-54-c2/c124","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/08e46b0e04eb47a5","nativeRecordCid":"9f583656-421b-4ccf-9d9f-cb20c61e31cc","documentId":"open-science-source-54-c2","id":"c124","text":"The culture of open source software faces challenges in improving diversity, equity and inclusion (DEI).","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"open source software culture","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"However, the culture of open source software faces similar challenges in improving DEI (Benjamin, 2019; Dunbar-Hester, 2020; Vasilescu et al., 2015).","representedInStars":false}
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{"key":"open-science-source-54-c2/c126","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/f908a3bcd48a4239","nativeRecordCid":"f19364be-cb24-4aa3-b0eb-b48f94374c80","documentId":"open-science-source-54-c2","id":"c126","text":"Involvement with open science communities should be increased.","kind":"normative","modality":"may","actor":"employers","subject":"open science community involvement","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"- Increase involvement with open science communities.","representedInStars":false}
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{"key":"open-science-source-54-c2/c128","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/2fc81a9c0e04460e","nativeRecordCid":"9481fabf-924e-4525-86be-3242534eb980","documentId":"open-science-source-54-c2","id":"c128","text":"Cross-disciplinary RSE groups should be established within institutions.","kind":"normative","modality":"may","actor":"employers","subject":"cross-disciplinary RSE groups","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"- Establish cross-disciplinary RSE groups (within institutions)","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-54-c2/c129","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/d95372ebd93342a6","nativeRecordCid":"009135a8-40dc-4817-b6ce-a9a5975c731f","documentId":"open-science-source-54-c2","id":"c129","text":"The RSE community should be enlarged to include non-typical collaborators such as humanities and social sciences.","kind":"normative","modality":"may","actor":"employers","subject":"RSE community","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"- Enlarge RSE community to include non-typical collaborators such as humanities and social sciences.","representedInStars":false}
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{"key":"open-science-source-54-c2/c131","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/5c840fc3502146a0","nativeRecordCid":"39d3e034-0be8-414f-9edc-b5754e0daac7","documentId":"open-science-source-54-c2","id":"c131","text":"Increasing diversity in research software engineering could identify innovative ways to solve challenges around career paths and metrics.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"diversity in RSE","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"- Increase diversity in research software engineering, which could also identify innovative ways to solve challenges around career paths and metrics.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-54-c2/c132","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/04734a167849432a","nativeRecordCid":"fb20eef9-2be1-4323-b029-cfde30bef66e","documentId":"open-science-source-54-c2","id":"c132","text":"Diversity, equity and inclusion (DEI) and the perennial labour shortage in open source software are a solution and problem that could be brought together.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"DEI and labour shortage","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"- Recognise that DEI and the perennial labour shortage in open source software are a solution and problem that could be brought together.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-54-c2/c133","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/363d15986f81474e","nativeRecordCid":"bd14ee0a-3cef-4daf-af3f-5f32558cd5e9","documentId":"open-science-source-54-c2","id":"c133","text":"Knowledge and use of political understandings, such as awareness of where communities are ideologically, should be enhanced.","kind":"normative","modality":"may","actor":"employers","subject":"political understanding of communities","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"- Enhance knowledge and use of political understandings, such as, awareness of where communities are ideologically. A healthy diversity of ideological positions is needed.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-54-c2/c134","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/16be47acffb74142","nativeRecordCid":"debc3f7d-6367-4259-a435-c5bdf5116f79","documentId":"open-science-source-54-c2","id":"c134","text":"A healthy diversity of ideological positions is needed.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"","subject":"ideological diversity","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"- Enhance knowledge and use of political understandings, such as, awareness of where communities are ideologically. A healthy diversity of ideological positions is needed.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-54-c2/c135","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/69b78d6c6ea14f55","nativeRecordCid":"1af5d00f-9718-4cb6-ac1e-a51bc5bf3401","documentId":"open-science-source-54-c2","id":"c135","text":"Initiatives like URSSI, SSI and ReSA should be supported.","kind":"normative","modality":"may","actor":"employers","subject":"URSSI, SSI and ReSA","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"- Support initiatives like URSSI, SSI and ReSA. Expanding their services to enable broader engagement with more people would be a net benefit.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-54-c2/c136","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/4c1c64ada74041b2","nativeRecordCid":"06b10324-8420-4cc8-a807-57da9f1eafd5","documentId":"open-science-source-54-c2","id":"c136","text":"Expanding the services of initiatives like URSSI, SSI and ReSA to enable broader engagement with more people would be a net benefit.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"URSSI, SSI and ReSA services","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"- Support initiatives like URSSI, SSI and ReSA. Expanding their services to enable broader engagement with more people would be a net benefit.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-54-c2/c137","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/972e86f67a574661","nativeRecordCid":"a990e798-b3f0-4787-8cb0-3c99306abde6","documentId":"open-science-source-54-c2","id":"c137","text":"Ongoing work is needed to identify the key competencies and skills for research software personnel.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"","subject":"research software personnel competencies","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Ongoing work is needed to identify the key competencies and skills for research software personnel, alongside mechanisms to provide appropriate training.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-54-c2/c138","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/8d99368e9aea4320","nativeRecordCid":"fc1b426f-b0b4-4195-92d2-baa8d5e58eb3","documentId":"open-science-source-54-c2","id":"c138","text":"Ongoing work is needed to identify mechanisms to provide appropriate training for research software personnel.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"","subject":"research software training mechanisms","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Ongoing work is needed to identify the key competencies and skills for research software personnel, alongside mechanisms to provide appropriate training.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-54-c2/c139","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/302433b968b34da2","nativeRecordCid":"97ebaa54-3832-47d1-a198-c63eed3b760b","documentId":"open-science-source-54-c2","id":"c139","text":"INTERSECT and Code Refinery aim to create training material that is more advanced than that of The Carpentries.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"INTERSECT and Code Refinery","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"For example, whilst INTERSECT and Code Refinery both aim to create training material that is more advanced than that of The Carpentries, what other sections of a training pipeline might still need to be addressed, to ensure that all levels of training are available?","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-54-c2/c140","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/ff8dde9b8fff4613","nativeRecordCid":"d66720e3-6ac2-4380-a8ca-19b4939d9f8d","documentId":"open-science-source-54-c2","id":"c140","text":"Understanding of the ethical aspects of software creation, such as potential biases in algorithms, should be increased.","kind":"normative","modality":"may","actor":"","subject":"ethical aspects of software creation","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"- Increase understanding of the ethical aspects of software creation, such as the potential for biases in algorithms incl ethics.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-54-c2/c141","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/c364bc664d2c4616","nativeRecordCid":"1593d5b9-03a5-4188-9d66-97825c954682","documentId":"open-science-source-54-c2","id":"c141","text":"Good software creation practices should be adopted by developers of virtual research environments, science gateways and eResearch platforms.","kind":"normative","modality":"may","actor":"developers of virtual research environments, science gateways and eResearch platforms","subject":"software creation practices","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"- Encourage good software creation practices by developers of virtual research environments, science gateways and eResearch platforms.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-54-c2/c142","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/08cf22c13e37467a","nativeRecordCid":"5e71576f-1ed3-4e25-896e-110bbb004f20","documentId":"open-science-source-54-c2","id":"c142","text":"R markdown files, Jupyter notebooks, and similar tools should be better integrated into research to improve sharing and reproducibility.","kind":"normative","modality":"may","actor":"","subject":"research tool integration","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"- Enable better integration of R markdown files, Jupyter notebooks, etc., into research to improve sharing and reproducibility.","representedInStars":false}
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{"key":"open-science-source-54-c2/c144","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/3ced61282c584cea","nativeRecordCid":"b2ee39ae-79e7-412c-bfce-6e8db7192748","documentId":"open-science-source-54-c2","id":"c144","text":"People should be taught to contribute to each other's projects.","kind":"normative","modality":"may","actor":"","subject":"research software contributors","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"- Teach people to contribute to each other’s projects, and to also push fixes upstream to software with dependencies. This kind of changes would also assist in developing values","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-54-c2/c145","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/d7b839fcedcc4158","nativeRecordCid":"abf9373c-6402-4992-8227-8d8c6bf602f4","documentId":"open-science-source-54-c2","id":"c145","text":"People should be taught to push fixes upstream to software with dependencies.","kind":"normative","modality":"may","actor":"","subject":"research software contributors","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"- Teach people to contribute to each other’s projects, and to also push fixes upstream to software with dependencies. This kind of changes would also assist in developing values","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-54-c2/c146","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/6aa95a5b06204157","nativeRecordCid":"a53da33b-e2b7-47ff-ab44-b429c9ce5bd5","documentId":"open-science-source-54-c2","id":"c146","text":"Teaching people to contribute to projects and push fixes upstream would assist in developing values on ecosystem stewardship, where developers are conscious of other software that is dependent on their work.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"ecosystem stewardship values","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"on ecosystem stewardship, where developers are conscious of other software that is dependent on their work.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-54-c2/c147","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/3b0c197e83754b86","nativeRecordCid":"fd5bada8-9a70-4e4c-a04e-1d0b898c0175","documentId":"open-science-source-54-c2","id":"c147","text":"Findability of research software should be increased through appropriate metadata.","kind":"normative","modality":"may","actor":"","subject":"research software findability","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"- Increase findability of research software with appropriate metadata, and education on how to enable software reuse.","representedInStars":true}
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{"key":"open-science-source-54-c2/c150","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/6c562d6043cd47e1","nativeRecordCid":"f1c4b285-539c-466d-9646-449844f0bd9c","documentId":"open-science-source-54-c2","id":"c150","text":"Degree programs already exist for data science.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"data science degree programs","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"- Create degree programs in RSE, as is already happening for data science.","representedInStars":false}
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{"key":"open-science-source-54-c2/c152","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/1d20d84dbcf84cee","nativeRecordCid":"b07f7217-f97b-4f31-8e31-fb133476715a","documentId":"open-science-source-54-c2","id":"c152","text":"Infrastructure is needed to ensure that people-themed goals can be achieved.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"","subject":"infrastructure","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Infrastructure is needed to ensure that people-themed goals can be achieved, that there are methods to implement policies and measure adherence; record the data needed to advance career paths and recognition; support communities; and to deliver and measure impact of skills and training.","representedInStars":false}
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{"key":"open-science-source-54-c2/c154","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/66ead46075f74245","nativeRecordCid":"ed50e349-e1a5-4ad9-bd1c-11dc81ef82a7","documentId":"open-science-source-54-c2","id":"c154","text":"Infrastructure is needed to ensure there are methods to measure adherence to policies.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"","subject":"infrastructure","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Infrastructure is needed to ensure that people-themed goals can be achieved, that there are methods to implement policies and measure adherence; record the data needed to advance career paths and recognition; support communities; and to deliver and measure impact of skills and training.","representedInStars":false}
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{"key":"open-science-source-54-c2/c156","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/12daa19767c24857","nativeRecordCid":"6719c4db-b14c-4ae6-a11f-74cf9ca8f875","documentId":"open-science-source-54-c2","id":"c156","text":"Infrastructure is needed to record the data needed to advance recognition.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"","subject":"infrastructure","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Infrastructure is needed to ensure that people-themed goals can be achieved, that there are methods to implement policies and measure adherence; record the data needed to advance career paths and recognition; support communities; and to deliver and measure impact of skills and training.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-54-c2/c157","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/ddd4bf5c9ab54b26","nativeRecordCid":"d58e031a-90f6-4fb6-bf15-3a56e012a78a","documentId":"open-science-source-54-c2","id":"c157","text":"Infrastructure is needed to support communities.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"","subject":"infrastructure","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Infrastructure is needed to ensure that people-themed goals can be achieved, that there are methods to implement policies and measure adherence; record the data needed to advance career paths and recognition; support communities; and to deliver and measure impact of skills and training.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-54-c2/c158","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/e75953119efc44ec","nativeRecordCid":"bd176b14-cc72-42ad-9c4f-9005119442c5","documentId":"open-science-source-54-c2","id":"c158","text":"Infrastructure is needed to deliver and measure impact of skills and training.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"","subject":"infrastructure","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Infrastructure is needed to ensure that people-themed goals can be achieved, that there are methods to implement policies and measure adherence; record the data needed to advance career paths and recognition; support communities; and to deliver and measure impact of skills and training.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-54-c2/c159","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/55ad94a22b07465d","nativeRecordCid":"3b6e202c-e74d-4a06-b881-05c7cf787300","documentId":"open-science-source-54-c2","id":"c159","text":"Infrastructure should enable deeper integration with the scholarly ecosystem, including better identity management.","kind":"normative","modality":"may","actor":"","subject":"infrastructure integration","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"- Enable deeper integration with the scholarly ecosystem, including better identity management.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-54-c2/c160","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/7b6113e64e8844cd","nativeRecordCid":"5b1fa26e-0183-42b1-8032-96eea3c0b253","documentId":"open-science-source-54-c2","id":"c160","text":"Software dependency graphs should be provided by relevant infrastructure.","kind":"normative","modality":"may","actor":"","subject":"software dependency graphs","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"- Provide software dependency graphs by relevant infrastructure.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-54-c2/c161","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/9b594d839aaa469f","nativeRecordCid":"35045052-3fc5-4cd5-a028-65ff6ddc2dbb","documentId":"open-science-source-54-c2","id":"c161","text":"The maturity matrices developed by Science Europe in relation to sustainable research data could be applied to nuance understanding of the status of people-related challenges in the research software community.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"Science Europe maturity matrices","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The maturity matrices developed by Science Europe in relation to sustainable research data could be applied here to nuance understanding of the status of people-related challenges in the research software community (Boccali et al., 2021).","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-54-c2/c162","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/6a68b39d86364229","nativeRecordCid":"78af1c29-da0e-4019-b1a6-32ba98c0c059","documentId":"open-science-source-54-c2","id":"c162","text":"The 'Plans to develop' progression step means the organisation has acknowledged the need to take action in a given area and is developing or has developed plans on how to proceed.","kind":"definitional","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"Plans to develop step","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"- Plans to develop: The organisation has acknowledged the need to take action in a given area and is developing/has developed plans on how to proceed.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-54-c2/c163","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/679ded68791740f4","nativeRecordCid":"8b543241-e164-410f-9070-44233cf0244a","documentId":"open-science-source-54-c2","id":"c163","text":"The 'Development ongoing' progression step means the organisation has done the groundwork in a given area to achieve the sustainability of research data, though more refinement is needed.","kind":"definitional","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"Development ongoing step","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"- Development ongoing: The organisation has done the groundwork in a given area to achieve the sustainability of research data, though more refinement is needed.","representedInStars":false}
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{"key":"open-science-source-54-c3/c5","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/a773dd66526d4beb","nativeRecordCid":"bf9418a2-0254-4af3-8203-17391d734fa5","documentId":"open-science-source-54-c3","id":"c5","text":"Universities and their employees rely extensively on open source software for a wide range of activities, from facilitating basic communication to supporting advanced research computing.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"Universities and their employees","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Universities and their employees rely extensively on open source software for a wide range of activities, from facilitating basic communication to supporting advanced research computing, while also making significant contributions to open source software development.","representedInStars":false}
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{"key":"open-science-source-54-c3/c15","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/9dfb25e6f2684958","nativeRecordCid":"0317697c-7226-4d05-b6a3-7f124db3121f","documentId":"open-science-source-54-c3","id":"c15","text":"The 12 Sloan-funded OSPOs are actively engaged in advocating for institutional investment in open source work.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"Sloan-funded OSPOs","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"These 12 Sloan-funded OSPOs are actively engaged in promoting best practices for open source collaboration, cultivating sustainable communities, and advocating for institutional investment in open source work.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-54-c3/c16","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/1fb2be35931d4755","nativeRecordCid":"35914ca4-d189-4299-9976-8e64b675c4ea","documentId":"open-science-source-54-c3","id":"c16","text":"The 12 Sloan-funded OSPOs participate in broader open science networks.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"Sloan-funded OSPOs","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"They also participate in broader open science networks, including [CURIOSS](https://curioss.org/) and [HELIOS Open](https://www.heliosopen.org/).","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-55/c1","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/9c6d80d03a8f496f","nativeRecordCid":"2ea56710-e4b7-4221-b936-c26c4d8b8153","documentId":"open-science-source-55","id":"c1","text":"Use of the JIF is encouraged in RPT evaluations, especially at research-intensive universities.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"JIF use in RPT evaluations","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"We conclude that use of the JIF is encouraged in RPT evaluations, especially at research-intensive universities, and that there is work to be done to avoid the potential misuse of metrics like the JIF.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-55/c2","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/51283c039e3d4105","nativeRecordCid":"78f40fbe-fee2-44f8-9a7e-668876f5b12d","documentId":"open-science-source-55","id":"c2","text":"Work needs to be done to avoid the potential misuse of metrics like the JIF.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"","subject":"misuse of metrics like the JIF","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"We conclude that use of the JIF is encouraged in RPT evaluations, especially at research-intensive universities, and that there is work to be done to avoid the potential misuse of metrics like the JIF.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-55/c3","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/35339fd14c5a4d21","nativeRecordCid":"58242def-f906-48c1-97a2-a2327f68cbc0","documentId":"open-science-source-55","id":"c3","text":"The Journal Impact Factor was originally developed to help libraries make indexing and purchasing decisions for their journal collections.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"origin and purpose of the JIF","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The Journal Impact Factor (JIF) was originally developed to help libraries make indexing and purchasing decisions for their journal collections (Garfield, 2006; Archambault and Larivie`re, 2009; Haustein and Larivie`re, 2015)","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-55/c4","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/4d7436751cbe493a","nativeRecordCid":"4ef4c854-ecc7-4f4c-a04d-ffc173941b7f","documentId":"open-science-source-55","id":"c4","text":"The JIF is not appropriate for evaluating individuals.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"JIF's appropriateness for evaluation","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"the metric’s creator, Eugene Garfield, made it clear that the JIF was not appropriate for evaluating individuals or for assessing the significance of individual articles (Garfield, 1963).","representedInStars":false}
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{"key":"open-science-source-55/c6","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/a16646646e764d5f","nativeRecordCid":"c0bd96cf-0862-42da-a528-e80449a89092","documentId":"open-science-source-55","id":"c6","text":"The JIF has various well-documented limitations.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"JIF limitations","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"the various well-documented limitations of the metric (e.g., Seglen, 1997; Moustafa, 2015; Brembs et al., 2013; The PLOS Medicine Editors, 2006; Kurmis, 2003; Sugimoto and Larivie`re, 2018; Haustein and Larivie`re, 2015; The Analogue University, 2019)","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-55/c7","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/f9b5d24bed284293","nativeRecordCid":"77a6f636-f9c8-4764-851b-3de5bc9c80f8","documentId":"open-science-source-55","id":"c7","text":"The JIF has increasingly been used, over the past few decades, as a proxy measure to rank journals.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"use of JIF to rank journals","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"over the past few decades the JIF has increasingly been used as a proxy measure to rank journals – and, by extension, the articles and authors published in these journals (Casadevall and Fang, 2014).","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-55/c8","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/5b3003c785504e06","nativeRecordCid":"33dc2fea-39c3-486d-bf02-9af13c7761f0","documentId":"open-science-source-55","id":"c8","text":"By extension, the JIF has increasingly been used to rank the articles and authors published in these journals.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"use of JIF to rank articles and authors","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"over the past few decades the JIF has increasingly been used as a proxy measure to rank journals – and, by extension, the articles and authors published in these journals (Casadevall and Fang, 2014).","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-55/c9","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/09acf9d0ac0b48a3","nativeRecordCid":"607d3be5-78c6-49f1-9338-bbeb3a884f82","documentId":"open-science-source-55","id":"c9","text":"The association between the JIF, journal prestige, and selectivity is strong.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"JIF, prestige, and selectivity association","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"association between the JIF, journal prestige, and selectivity is strong, and has led academics to covet publications in journals with high JIFs (Harley et al., 2010).","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-55/c10","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/9ad16d59c1524a7e","nativeRecordCid":"531b3344-4a7d-4386-a712-58c2373db55e","documentId":"open-science-source-55","id":"c10","text":"The strong association between the JIF, journal prestige, and selectivity has led academics to covet publications in journals with high JIFs.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"academics' pursuit of high-JIF publications","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"association between the JIF, journal prestige, and selectivity is strong, and has led academics to covet publications in journals with high JIFs (Harley et al., 2010).","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-55/c11","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/7b12134fc89844c0","nativeRecordCid":"cce04a0b-876f-4770-82e3-8fa2efa9b3ea","documentId":"open-science-source-55","id":"c11","text":"Publishers promote their JIF to attract academic authors.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"publishers' promotion of JIF","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Publishers, in turn, promote their JIF to attract academic authors (Hecht et al., 1998; Sugimoto and Larivie`re, 2018; SpringerNature, 2018).","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-55/c12","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/bad0034bb00f4354","nativeRecordCid":"924c8c32-ee62-466d-888c-9a1716fbe7fe","documentId":"open-science-source-55","id":"c12","text":"In some academic disciplines, publications in journals with high JIFs are considered necessary to succeed, especially for those on the tenure track.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"necessity of high-JIF publications","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"In some academic disciplines, it is considered necessary to have publications in journals with high JIFs to succeed, especially for those on the tenure track (for review see Schimanski and Alperin, 2018).","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-55/c13","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/f950907393ee421c","nativeRecordCid":"9a684de1-ce03-46f2-aaec-4620d00cf189","documentId":"open-science-source-55","id":"c13","text":"Institutions in some countries financially reward their faculty for publishing in journals with high JIFs.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"financial rewards for high-JIF publishing","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Institutions in some countries financially reward their faculty for publishing in journals with high JIFs (Fuyuno and Cyranoski, 2006; Quan et al., 2017), demonstrating an extreme but important example of how this metric may be distorting academic incentives.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-55/c14","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/773e12a2a85b4437","nativeRecordCid":"a95366c3-b7bd-4588-b9ea-98ea530e943e","documentId":"open-science-source-55","id":"c14","text":"The JIF may be distorting academic incentives.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"JIF's effect on academic incentives","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Institutions in some countries financially reward their faculty for publishing in journals with high JIFs (Fuyuno and Cyranoski, 2006; Quan et al., 2017), demonstrating an extreme but important example of how this metric may be distorting academic incentives.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-55/c15","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/176550324b9d4584","nativeRecordCid":"082051a1-ab3f-4976-95ff-aff97623aa00","documentId":"open-science-source-55","id":"c15","text":"Faculty often report intense pressure to publish in journals with high JIFs even when the incentives are not clear-cut.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"faculty pressure to publish in high-JIF journals","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Even when the incentives are not so clear-cut, faculty still often report intense pressure to publish in these venues (Harley et al., 2010; Walker et al.,","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-55/c16","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/4586cba79aac4c3c","nativeRecordCid":"11e894ea-1473-41c9-ab23-274c38217a0c","documentId":"open-science-source-55","id":"c16","text":"Concerns about the JIF and journals' perceived prestige may limit the adoption of open access publishing.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"JIF concerns and open access adoption","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Concerns about the JIF and journals’ perceived prestige may also limit the adoption of open access publishing (Schroter et al., 2005; Swan and Brown, 2004; University of California Libraries, 2016), indicating how the effects of the JIF permeate to the broader scholarly publishing ecosystem.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-55/c17","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/a8193a93be4d4d28","nativeRecordCid":"47aef76b-e380-4fae-8bc3-f74d77166c9c","documentId":"open-science-source-55","id":"c17","text":"The effects of the JIF permeate the broader scholarly publishing ecosystem.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"JIF's effects on the scholarly publishing ecosystem","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Concerns about the JIF and journals’ perceived prestige may also limit the adoption of open access publishing (Schroter et al., 2005; Swan and Brown, 2004; University of California Libraries, 2016), indicating how the effects of the JIF permeate to the broader scholarly publishing ecosystem.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-55/c18","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/b9ae75cc6b024174","nativeRecordCid":"30224b50-d066-41da-ab57-52bc8bf53aca","documentId":"open-science-source-55","id":"c18","text":"Anecdotal information and formal surveys of faculty are useful for gauging the JIF's effect on the academic system.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"value of anecdotal information and faculty surveys","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"However, while anecdotal information or even formal surveys of faculty are useful for gauging the JIF’s effect on the academic system, there is still a lot we do not know about the extent to which this metric is used in formal academic evaluations.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-55/c19","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/504867d88c29407b","nativeRecordCid":"bc93c08b-1bab-497c-a147-a06f2d66388e","documentId":"open-science-source-55","id":"c19","text":"There is still a lot not known about the extent to which the JIF is used in formal academic evaluations.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"extent of JIF use in academic evaluations","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"However, while anecdotal information or even formal surveys of faculty are useful for gauging the JIF’s effect on the academic system, there is still a lot we do not know about the extent to which this metric is used in formal academic evaluations.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-55/c20","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/f372882fcf524470","nativeRecordCid":"872ff918-b870-49cb-81ee-7beccb77506f","documentId":"open-science-source-55","id":"c20","text":"No studies have analyzed the content of university review, promotion, and tenure guidelines to determine the extent to which the JIF is used to evaluate faculty, or in what ways.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"research on JIF use in RPT guidelines","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"To our knowledge, there have been no studies analyzing the content of university review, promotion, and tenure (RPT) guidelines to determine the extent to which the JIF is being used to evaluate faculty, or in what ways.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-55/c21","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/88327376bd5d477a","nativeRecordCid":"8f78b9f0-14bb-476c-abe1-25f140243e40","documentId":"open-science-source-55","id":"c21","text":"More work is needed that studies the relationship between RPT guidelines and faculty behaviors.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"","subject":"research on RPT guidelines and faculty behaviors","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"To this end, we echo the call of O’Meara (2002) and our own previous study (Alperin et al., 2019) for more work that studies the relationship between RPT guidelines and faculty behaviors, while offering this empirical analysis of RPT documents as foundational evidence.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-55/c22","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/54e72e9980704f10","nativeRecordCid":"cbe2c1c9-52a0-4d90-a29c-3e8dfc0e2691","documentId":"open-science-source-55","id":"c22","text":"Mentions of the JIF and related terms in RPT documents are not as ubiquitous as the amount of discussion of current evaluation systems would suggest.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"prevalence of JIF mentions in RPT documents","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Mentions of the JIF and related terms in RPT documents are not as ubiquitous as the amount of discussion of current evaluation systems would suggest – 23% of institutions in our sample used these terms explicitly.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-55/c23","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/eb514b1a3da24c75","nativeRecordCid":"6802b210-964a-43f1-a376-9a5fe102b194","documentId":"open-science-source-55","id":"c23","text":"The experiences at R-type universities may play an outsized role in discussions about evaluation.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"R-type universities' role in evaluation discussions","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Importantly, we note that the results differ depending on institution type, which might suggest that the experiences at R-type universities (where mentions of the JIF were most prevalent) play an outsized role in discussions about evaluation.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-55/c24","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/7906605b14fd4cdf","nativeRecordCid":"e3110ddd-16ee-47c8-9bbe-875768e8d00a","documentId":"open-science-source-55","id":"c24","text":"Terms such as 'major', 'prestigious', 'prominent', 'highly respected', 'highly ranked', and 'top tier' may be associated with high JIFs in the minds of evaluators.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"terms associated with high JIFs","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"we also observed (but did not analyze) terms such as ‘major’, ‘prestigious’, ‘prominent’, ‘highly respected’, ‘highly ranked’, and ‘top tier’ that may be associated with high JIFs in the minds of evaluators.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-55/c25","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/9174e64eba8d4114","nativeRecordCid":"3d6df8e8-e2d3-4d0c-8ce8-c7fb135ab2fd","documentId":"open-science-source-55","id":"c25","text":"It is impossible to know how RPT committee members interpret such status-related phrases based on RPT documents alone.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"interpretation of status phrases by committees","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"It is impossible to know how RPT committee members interpret such phrases on the basis of the documents alone, but we suspect that some of these additional terms serve to invoke the JIF without explictly naming it.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-55/c26","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/a8807263c6904642","nativeRecordCid":"002c5a26-792c-49e8-886b-88966dd01042","documentId":"open-science-source-55","id":"c26","text":"Some additional terms serve to invoke the JIF without explicitly naming it.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"terms that invoke the JIF implicitly","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"It is impossible to know how RPT committee members interpret such phrases on the basis of the documents alone, but we suspect that some of these additional terms serve to invoke the JIF without explictly naming it.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-55/c27","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/7241024027954675","nativeRecordCid":"975f697c-e6b8-4afa-b73c-a2b78d83a014","documentId":"open-science-source-55","id":"c27","text":"Phrases that do not explicitly mention the JIF but describe journal status imply the need for some measure for ranking journals.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"implicit references to journal ranking","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Such examples do not explicitly mention the JIF (and thus are not counted in our analysis), but do imply the need for some measure for ranking journals.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-55/c28","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/ed089a295db747a9","nativeRecordCid":"8c97bfc5-f736-4b05-afdd-3aac714389ee","documentId":"open-science-source-55","id":"c28","text":"Given the ubiquity of the JIF, some committee members likely rely on this metric, at least in part, for ranking journals.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"reliance on the JIF for ranking journals","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"It seems likely, given the ubiquity of the JIF, that some committee members will rely on this metric, at least in part, for such a ranking.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-55/c29","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/f1f0470308ca47af","nativeRecordCid":"0f183493-55a0-4374-ab03-fff7c8f67f89","documentId":"open-science-source-55","id":"c29","text":"Counting mentions of a restricted set of terms is likely an underestimate of the extent of the use of the JIF in RPT processes.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"extent of JIF use in RPT processes","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"In short, counting mentions of a restricted set of terms, as we have done here, is likely an underestimate of the extent of the use of the JIF in RPT processes.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-55/c30","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/68554fe445d64af5","nativeRecordCid":"702fa309-7a3d-4dc0-afdd-4affeeeb06c9","documentId":"open-science-source-55","id":"c30","text":"Quality is hard to define, and even harder to measure.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"definability and measurability of quality","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Although quality is hard to define, and even harder to measure, there are aspects of methodological rigor which could be considered indicative of quality, such as sample size, experimental design, and reproducibility (Brembs, 2018).","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-55/c31","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/830d35c912b949da","nativeRecordCid":"c3638623-2419-44dd-a202-dfdb3135627c","documentId":"open-science-source-55","id":"c31","text":"Aspects of methodological rigor, such as sample size, experimental design, and reproducibility, could be considered indicative of research quality.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"methodological rigor as indicator of quality","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Although quality is hard to define, and even harder to measure, there are aspects of methodological rigor which could be considered indicative of quality, such as sample size, experimental design, and reproducibility (Brembs, 2018).","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-55/c32","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/4e7f72117a5040ec","nativeRecordCid":"5ee56436-97ea-41fb-8d7e-fdfcc25a7b08","documentId":"open-science-source-55","id":"c32","text":"Methodological indicators of quality are not always found in journals with high JIFs.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"methodological quality indicators and high-JIF journals","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Evidence suggests that methodological indicators of quality are not always found in journals with high JIFs.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-55/c33","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/594962b03b5f4115","nativeRecordCid":"23ed00b7-dc7d-475b-8676-609219d7a86d","documentId":"open-science-source-55","id":"c33","text":"Reproducibility could be used as a measure of quality, since it requires sufficient methodological care and detail.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"reproducibility as a measure of quality","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Reproducibility could be used as a measure of quality, since it requires sufficient methodological care and detail.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-55/c34","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/6394359c4e8041d0","nativeRecordCid":"599fef98-be6a-477c-9ffc-0ec47d9e9628","documentId":"open-science-source-55","id":"c34","text":"There is little to no evidence that the JIF measures research quality.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"the JIF and research quality","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Thus, at least as viewed through the aspects above, there is little to no evidence that the JIF measures research quality.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-55/c35","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/56aa16983c824de9","nativeRecordCid":"fbdac9c6-1cf9-4115-be0a-dbaeca21c262","documentId":"open-science-source-55","id":"c35","text":"Several proposals and initiatives have challenged the use of the JIF in academic evaluations.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"proposals challenging use of the JIF","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"In the last few years, several proposals and initiatives have challenged the use of the JIF and promoted the responsible use of metrics to improve academic evaluations.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-55/c36","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/ba973816773549c1","nativeRecordCid":"89fdc421-ee35-4b81-8470-026a7b53986e","documentId":"open-science-source-55","id":"c36","text":"Several proposals and initiatives have promoted the responsible use of metrics to improve academic evaluations.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"initiatives promoting responsible use of metrics","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"In the last few years, several proposals and initiatives have challenged the use of the JIF and promoted the responsible use of metrics to improve academic evaluations.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-55/c37","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/a39f436492a940ac","nativeRecordCid":"30e09b82-a8b9-4e78-94e2-090f9867994d","documentId":"open-science-source-55","id":"c37","text":"DORA is probably the most well-known initiative addressing responsible use of research metrics.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"DORA's prominence among metrics initiatives","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Probably the most well-known initiative is the Declaration on Research Assessment (DORA; sfdora.org).","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-55/c38","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/8d97ed73aaee4bef","nativeRecordCid":"39d2d6ba-4728-4e16-bf5f-6948be0c1b56","documentId":"open-science-source-55","id":"c38","text":"DORA outlines limitations of the JIF.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"DORA's outline of JIF limitations","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"DORA outlines limitations of the JIF, and puts forward a general recommendation to not use the JIF in evaluations, especially as a “surrogate measure of the quality of individual research articles” (sfdora.org/read).","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-55/c39","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/d34199a0f8b54cda","nativeRecordCid":"bbab5ff9-d163-4480-9e28-71f8022e2ec1","documentId":"open-science-source-55","id":"c39","text":"DORA puts forward a general recommendation not to use the JIF in evaluations, especially as a surrogate measure of the quality of individual research articles.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"DORA's recommendation against JIF use","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"DORA outlines limitations of the JIF, and puts forward a general recommendation to not use the JIF in evaluations, especially as a “surrogate measure of the quality of individual research articles” (sfdora.org/read).","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"open-science-source-55/c40","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/3fd85a7e8f5e48ab","nativeRecordCid":"f0aa56c3-e9ca-4612-8fee-7fbfa27a67f0","documentId":"open-science-source-55","id":"c40","text":"DORA's new strategic plan includes spreading awareness of alternatives to the JIF.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"DORA's strategic plan content","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"DORA’s new strategic plan (DORA Steering Committee, 2018) includes spreading awareness of alternatives to the JIF and collecting examples of good evaluation practices (sfdora.org/good-practices).","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-55/c41","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/18098346fd03409f","nativeRecordCid":"ff0d986b-2295-4dbc-9bcc-918c620d0dab","documentId":"open-science-source-55","id":"c41","text":"DORA's new strategic plan includes collecting examples of good evaluation practices.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"DORA's strategic plan content","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"DORA’s new strategic plan (DORA Steering Committee, 2018) includes spreading awareness of alternatives to the JIF and collecting examples of good evaluation practices (sfdora.org/good-practices).","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-55/c42","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/46a26f99c713439b","nativeRecordCid":"20fea790-d7f9-4f75-a730-20c8873fd267","documentId":"open-science-source-55","id":"c42","text":"Libraries are leaders in promoting the responsible use of metrics.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"libraries' role in responsible metrics use","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Libraries are leaders in promoting the responsible use of metrics, developing online guides (see, for example, Duke University Medical Center Library & Archives, 2018; University of Illinois at Urbana Champaign Library, 2018; University of Surrey Library, 2018; University of York Library, 2018), and providing in-person advising and training for faculty in publishing and bibliometrics.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-55/c43","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/df47b39b0d1f4b9a","nativeRecordCid":"cee784fd-efab-479a-9766-f2af89a76ee8","documentId":"open-science-source-55","id":"c43","text":"Libraries develop online guides on the responsible use of metrics.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"libraries' development of metrics guides","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Libraries are leaders in promoting the responsible use of metrics, developing online guides (see, for example, Duke University Medical Center Library & Archives, 2018; University of Illinois at Urbana Champaign Library, 2018; University of Surrey Library, 2018; University of York Library, 2018), and providing in-person advising and training for faculty in publishing and bibliometrics.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-55/c44","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/92246c747dad48dc","nativeRecordCid":"d93f00dd-faa0-49d4-be02-de84de5bb187","documentId":"open-science-source-55","id":"c44","text":"Libraries provide in-person advising and training for faculty in publishing and bibliometrics.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"libraries' advising and training for faculty","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Libraries are leaders in promoting the responsible use of metrics, developing online guides (see, for example, Duke University Medical Center Library & Archives, 2018; University of Illinois at Urbana Champaign Library, 2018; University of Surrey Library, 2018; University of York Library, 2018), and providing in-person advising and training for faculty in publishing and bibliometrics.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-55/c45","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/77c6e54518c3435a","nativeRecordCid":"75ac3012-9826-4aee-a71a-fa13f8935f38","documentId":"open-science-source-55","id":"c45","text":"The Association of College and Research Libraries' Scholarly Communication Toolkit outlines ways to assess journal quality that go beyond metrics like the JIF.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"ACRL's Scholarly Communication Toolkit","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The Association of College and Research Libraries (ACRL) has developed a Scholarly Communication Toolkit on evaluating journals (Association of College & Research Libraries, 2018), which outlines ways to assess journal quality that go beyond\n\nmetrics like the JIF.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-55/c46","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/6f17ac1de80c428e","nativeRecordCid":"e57fb312-4e09-4d34-82cd-70d9af01ad16","documentId":"open-science-source-55","id":"c46","text":"LIBER's working group recommends increased training in metrics and their responsible uses.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"LIBER working group's recommendation","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"LIBER (Ligue des Bibliothe` - ques Europe´ ennes de Recherche) has established a working group which recently recommended increased training in metrics and their responsible uses (Coombs and Peters, 2017).","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-55/c47","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/520818508f664ef6","nativeRecordCid":"2dd297a8-174f-4a6a-8a20-1657b7fe6769","documentId":"open-science-source-55","id":"c47","text":"The Measuring your Research Impact project is a joint effort by three Irish academic libraries to provide open educational resources on bibliometrics.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"the MyRI project","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The Measuring your Research Impact (MyRI) project (myri.conul.ie) is a joint effort by three Irish academic libraries to provide open educational resources on bibliometrics.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"open-science-source-55/c48","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/d4cdb31f02b04570","nativeRecordCid":"f529a70f-23df-4fdd-b3c9-64a9dbd70942","documentId":"open-science-source-55","id":"c48","text":"The Metrics Toolkit is a collaborative project by librarians and information professionals to provide evidence-based information on traditional and alternative metrics, including use cases.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"the Metrics Toolkit","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The Metrics Toolkit (www.metrics-toolkit.org) is a collaborative project by librarians and information professionals to provide “evidence-based information\" on traditional and alternative metrics, including use cases.","representedInStars":false}
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{"key":"osft-doc-0002/c60","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/0303244ed4e34ca0","nativeRecordCid":"3f82c203-6b30-49fb-ad85-b6382da3360f","documentId":"osft-doc-0002","id":"c60","text":"The guiding principle of collaboration, participation and inclusion aims to include knowledge from marginalized communities to solve problems of great social importance.","kind":"definitional","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"collaboration, participation and inclusion (principle)","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Collaboration, participation and inclusion\nto ensure that scientific collaborations transcend the boundaries of geography, language and resources, and include knowledge from marginalized communities to solve problems of great social importance.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0002/c61","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/87bd20e0a5ee483d","nativeRecordCid":"fb8b25b8-1095-4548-b5b4-a313e7fe2f96","documentId":"osft-doc-0002","id":"c61","text":"The guiding principle of flexibility acknowledges that there is no one-size-fits-all way to practice open science.","kind":"definitional","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"flexibility (principle)","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Flexibility\nto acknowledge that there is no one-size-fits-all way to practice open science and to encourage different pathways to practicing it while upholding the core values.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0002/c62","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/e80dd47e8154423e","nativeRecordCid":"b6ce290e-0993-4a5c-b5b3-d91522d995e7","documentId":"osft-doc-0002","id":"c62","text":"The guiding principle of flexibility encourages different pathways to practicing open science while upholding the core values.","kind":"definitional","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"flexibility (principle)","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Flexibility\nto acknowledge that there is no one-size-fits-all way to practice open science and to encourage different pathways to practicing it while upholding the core values.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0002/c63","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/692023e54b484ef6","nativeRecordCid":"456c41a0-2b93-4094-9f76-b128ec0115b2","documentId":"osft-doc-0002","id":"c63","text":"The guiding principle of sustainability aims to be as efficient and impactful as possible by building on long-term practices, services, infrastructures and funding models, to ensure participation of scientists from less-privileged countries or institutions.","kind":"definitional","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"sustainability (principle)","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Sustainability\nto be as efficient and impactful as possible by building on long-term practices, services, infrastructures and funding models to ensure participation of scientists from less-privileged countries or institutions.","representedInStars":false}
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{"key":"osft-doc-0050/c6","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/bcf2641a800f4cbb","nativeRecordCid":"e852662f-55a0-492c-b981-124b3902f7a3","documentId":"osft-doc-0050","id":"c6","text":"Practices that enable redoing, such as transparent workflows and FAIR outputs, create conditions for reuse, whether or not reproduction is actually undertaken.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"practices that enable redoing","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"P r a c t i c e s  t h a t  e n a b l e  r e d o i n g  –  s u c h  a s  t r a n s p a r e n t  w o r k f l o w s  a n d  F A I R  o u t p u t s  –  a l s o\nc r e a t e  c o n d i t i o n s  f o r  s c r u t i n y  a n d  r e u s e ,  w h e t h e r  o r  n o t  r e p r o d u c t i o n  i s  a c t u a l l y  u n d e r t a k e n .","representedInStars":true}
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{"key":"osft-doc-0050/c8","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/3846fd4b9122498f","nativeRecordCid":"aaa034da-1427-4dc7-94ce-30d784a97f48","documentId":"osft-doc-0050","id":"c8","text":"Funders, publishers and institutions should require Globally Unique, Persistent and Resolvable Identifiers (GUPRIs) for research objects and entities.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"Funders, publishers and institutions","subject":"GUPRIs for research objects and entities","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"F u n d e r s ,  p u b l i s h e r s  a n d  i n s t i t u t i o n s  s h o u l d  r e q u i r e\nG l o b a l l y  U n i q u e ,  P e r s i s t e n t  a n d  R e s o l v a b l e  I d e n t i f i e r s\n( G U P R I s )  a n d  o p e n  m e t a d a t a  f o r  r e s e a r c h  o b j e c t s  a n d\ne n t i t i e s","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-0050/c9","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/e328fcaff23245d6","nativeRecordCid":"4dc8234c-7928-4514-aad3-490d2a066544","documentId":"osft-doc-0050","id":"c9","text":"Funders, publishers and institutions should require open metadata for research objects and entities.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"Funders, publishers and institutions","subject":"open metadata for research objects and entities","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"F u n d e r s ,  p u b l i s h e r s  a n d  i n s t i t u t i o n s  s h o u l d  r e q u i r e\nG l o b a l l y  U n i q u e ,  P e r s i s t e n t  a n d  R e s o l v a b l e  I d e n t i f i e r s\n( G U P R I s )  a n d  o p e n  m e t a d a t a  f o r  r e s e a r c h  o b j e c t s  a n d\ne n t i t i e s","representedInStars":true}
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{"key":"osft-doc-0050/c13","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/a589204321bc4633","nativeRecordCid":"91c8ce56-89ae-4d9c-bbdf-fbaa1058e2b5","documentId":"osft-doc-0050","id":"c13","text":"Institutions, funders, and publishers should build training ecosystems for reproducibility.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"Institutions, funders, and publishers","subject":"training ecosystems for reproducibility","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"I n s t i t u t i o n s ,  f u n d e r s ,  a n d  p u b l i s h e r s  s h o u l d  b u i l d\ns u s t a i n a b l e  s u p p o r t  n e t w o r k s  a n d  t r a i n i n g\ne c o s y s t e m s  f o r  r e p r o d u c i b i l i t y","representedInStars":true}
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{"key":"osft-doc-0050/c15","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/cb15e300fe8b454b","nativeRecordCid":"30fcdabb-108f-4f2c-9f21-41014b87315c","documentId":"osft-doc-0050","id":"c15","text":"Institutions should provide training to research leaders to foster reproducibility practices.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"Institutions","subject":"training for research leaders","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"I n s t i t u t i o n s  s h o u l d  s t r e n g t h e n  l e a d e r s h i p  e n g a g e m e n t\na n d  p r o v i d e  t r a i n i n g  t o  r e s e a r c h  l e a d e r s  t o  f o s t e r\nr e p r o d u c i b i l i t y  p r a c t i c e s","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-0050/c16","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/153d3b42cd824bf6","nativeRecordCid":"df4c86d3-1f7f-4a53-b843-350e3ca94432","documentId":"osft-doc-0050","id":"c16","text":"Publishers should enhance journal capacity and infrastructure for checking and managing digital research objects.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"Publishers","subject":"journal capacity for digital research objects","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"P u b l i s h e r s  s h o u l d  e n h a n c e  j o u r n a l  c a p a c i t y  a n d\ni n f r a s t r u c t u r e  f o r  c h e c k i n g  a n d  m a n a g i n g  d i g i t a l\nr e s e a r c h  o b j e c t s","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-0050/c17","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/4cd57ab9cc644e68","nativeRecordCid":"09299572-9310-432f-9e9c-ce7405c9cec7","documentId":"osft-doc-0050","id":"c17","text":"Meta-researchers, supported by funders, publishers and institutions, should investigate the efficacy of reproducibility interventions.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"Meta-researchers, supported by funders, publishers and institutions","subject":"efficacy of reproducibility interventions","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"M e t a - r e s e a r c h e r s ,  s u p p o r t e d  b y  f u n d e r s ,  p u b l i s h e r s\na n d  i n s t i t u t i o n s ,  s h o u l d  i n v e s t i g a t e  t h e  e f f i c a c y  o f\nr e p r o d u c i b i l i t y  i n t e r v e n t i o n s","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0050/c18","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/08f702b989904bfb","nativeRecordCid":"aacef85a-58b2-4512-993a-09781406ca4d","documentId":"osft-doc-0050","id":"c18","text":"Meta-researchers, supported by funders and publishers, should investigate the costs of reproducibility interventions.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"Meta-researchers, supported by funders and publishers","subject":"costs of reproducibility interventions","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"M e t a - r e s e a r c h e r s ,  s u p p o r t e d  b y  f u n d e r s  a n d\np u b l i s h e r s ,  s h o u l d  i n v e s t i g a t e  t h e  c o s t s  a n d  b e n e f i t s\no f  r e p r o d u c i b i l i t y  i n t e r v e n t i o n s","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-0050/c19","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/41889b13fcf84027","nativeRecordCid":"c5ba8da0-2037-44df-8e3e-412b03b8b074","documentId":"osft-doc-0050","id":"c19","text":"Meta-researchers, supported by funders and publishers, should investigate the benefits of reproducibility interventions.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"Meta-researchers, supported by funders and publishers","subject":"benefits of reproducibility interventions","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"M e t a - r e s e a r c h e r s ,  s u p p o r t e d  b y  f u n d e r s  a n d\np u b l i s h e r s ,  s h o u l d  i n v e s t i g a t e  t h e  c o s t s  a n d  b e n e f i t s\no f  r e p r o d u c i b i l i t y  i n t e r v e n t i o n s","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-0050/c20","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/373779ff8bc749eb","nativeRecordCid":"afc9d209-e220-49b8-8656-59a0aa363437","documentId":"osft-doc-0050","id":"c20","text":"Funders and publishers should enable meta-research regarding funding and publishing workflows through streamlined processes for collaboration and data-access.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"Funders and publishers","subject":"meta-research on funding and publishing","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"F u n d e r s  a n d  p u b l i s h e r s  s h o u l d  e n a b l e  m e t a - r e s e a r c h\nr e g a r d i n g  f u n d i n g  a n d  p u b l i s h i n g  w o r k f l o w s  t h r o u g h\ns t r e a m l i n e d  p r o c e s s e s  f o r  c o l l a b o r a t i o n  a n d  d a t a -\na c c e s s","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-0050/c21","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/c74053f5c57044e5","nativeRecordCid":"fee7a747-7f17-46d5-82cc-8777bf083d7a","documentId":"osft-doc-0050","id":"c21","text":"Robust, sustainable infrastructure is an essential foundation for reproducible research.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"","subject":"infrastructure as foundation for reproducibility","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"R o b u s t ,  s u s t a i n a b l e  i n f r a s t r u c t u r e  a n d  w e l l - a l i g n e d  c o m m u n i t y  p r a c t i c e s  a r e  e s s e n t i a l  f o u n d a t i o n s  f o r\nr e p r o d u c i b l e  r e s e a r c h .","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-0050/c22","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/450f9c027af644f6","nativeRecordCid":"b2913116-209f-4346-83b0-8107f28a7603","documentId":"osft-doc-0050","id":"c22","text":"Well-aligned community practices are an essential foundation for reproducible research.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"","subject":"community practices as foundation for reproducibility","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"R o b u s t ,  s u s t a i n a b l e  i n f r a s t r u c t u r e  a n d  w e l l - a l i g n e d  c o m m u n i t y  p r a c t i c e s  a r e  e s s e n t i a l  f o u n d a t i o n s  f o r\nr e p r o d u c i b l e  r e s e a r c h .","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-0050/c23","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/21e3346fa6674dbb","nativeRecordCid":"0aa42426-9d8b-405a-8ae8-01c9ecaaeae3","documentId":"osft-doc-0050","id":"c23","text":"Standards for identifying, describing, interlinking and sharing digital objects are essential.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"","subject":"standards for digital objects","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"S t a n d a r d s  f o r  i d e n t i f y i n g ,  d e s c r i b i n g ,  i n t e r l i n k  a n d  s h a r i n g  d i g i t a l  o b j e c t s  a r e\ne s s e n t i a l ,  b u t  a r e  a l m o s t  2 , 0 0 0  i n  n u m b e r  a n d  o f t e n  d o m a i n  s p e c i f i c .","representedInStars":true}
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{"key":"osft-doc-0050/c36","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/385abac91c6d4d4a","nativeRecordCid":"e94e0686-7d2b-48a8-b2aa-1fe2e1ba1743","documentId":"osft-doc-0050","id":"c36","text":"For open infrastructures to function as public goods, they require coordinated, reliable investment to remain trustworthy and community governed.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"","subject":"open infrastructures as public goods","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"A s  h i g h l i g h t e d  b y  t h e  O E C D  G l o b a l  S c i e n c e  F o r u m  ( O E C D ,  2 0 2 5 )\na n d  t h e  G l o b a l  S u s t a i n a b i l i t y  C o a l i t i o n  f o r  O p e n  S c i e n c e  S e r v i c e s  ( S C O S S  [ 3 ] ) ,  i f  o p e n  i n f r a s t r u c t u r e s\na r e  t o  f u n c t i o n  a s  p u b l i c  g o o d s ,  t h e y  r e q u i r e  c o o r d i n a t e d ,  r e l i a b l e  i n v e s t m e n t  t o  r e m a i n  t r u s t w o r t h y\na n d  c o m m u n i t y  g o v e r n e d .","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-0050/c37","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/0d3bfd6c06594550","nativeRecordCid":"f50b2560-654c-493b-be83-71d6b9d8a924","documentId":"osft-doc-0050","id":"c37","text":"Sustainable funding mechanisms and transparent governance structures are crucial to guarantee continuity of services.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"","subject":"funding mechanisms and governance structures","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"S u s t a i n a b l e  f u n d i n g  m e c h a n i s m s  a n d  t r a n s p a r e n t  g o v e r n a n c e  s t r u c t u r e s  a r e\nt h e r e f o r e  c r u c i a l  t o  g u a r a n t e e  c o n t i n u i t y  o f  s e r v i c e s ,  e n a b l e  c o m m u n i t y  p a r t i c i p a t i o n ,  a n d  e n s u r e  t h a t\nt h e s e  i n f r a s t r u c t u r e s  c a n  e v o l v e  a l o n g s i d e  r e s e a r c h  n e e d s ,  u l t i m a t e l y  s t r e n g t h e n i n g  t h e  g l o b a l\nc a p a c i t y  t o  v e r i f y ,  r e p r o d u c e ,  a n d  r e - u s e  s c i e n t i f i c  w o r k .","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0050/c38","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/0f696b9a840a4e7e","nativeRecordCid":"dd2523f9-f650-4b40-baf2-b28476b06a8e","documentId":"osft-doc-0050","id":"c38","text":"Sustainable funding mechanisms and transparent governance structures are crucial to enable community participation.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"","subject":"funding mechanisms and governance structures","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"S u s t a i n a b l e  f u n d i n g  m e c h a n i s m s  a n d  t r a n s p a r e n t  g o v e r n a n c e  s t r u c t u r e s  a r e\nt h e r e f o r e  c r u c i a l  t o  g u a r a n t e e  c o n t i n u i t y  o f  s e r v i c e s ,  e n a b l e  c o m m u n i t y  p a r t i c i p a t i o n ,  a n d  e n s u r e  t h a t\nt h e s e  i n f r a s t r u c t u r e s  c a n  e v o l v e  a l o n g s i d e  r e s e a r c h  n e e d s ,  u l t i m a t e l y  s t r e n g t h e n i n g  t h e  g l o b a l\nc a p a c i t y  t o  v e r i f y ,  r e p r o d u c e ,  a n d  r e - u s e  s c i e n t i f i c  w o r k .","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0050/c39","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/ce242e6d17d247dc","nativeRecordCid":"7a98bafb-464f-4f55-81dc-b4a5e0abb956","documentId":"osft-doc-0050","id":"c39","text":"Sustainable funding mechanisms and transparent governance structures are crucial to ensure that these infrastructures can evolve alongside research needs.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"","subject":"funding mechanisms and governance structures","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"S u s t a i n a b l e  f u n d i n g  m e c h a n i s m s  a n d  t r a n s p a r e n t  g o v e r n a n c e  s t r u c t u r e s  a r e\nt h e r e f o r e  c r u c i a l  t o  g u a r a n t e e  c o n t i n u i t y  o f  s e r v i c e s ,  e n a b l e  c o m m u n i t y  p a r t i c i p a t i o n ,  a n d  e n s u r e  t h a t\nt h e s e  i n f r a s t r u c t u r e s  c a n  e v o l v e  a l o n g s i d e  r e s e a r c h  n e e d s ,  u l t i m a t e l y  s t r e n g t h e n i n g  t h e  g l o b a l\nc a p a c i t y  t o  v e r i f y ,  r e p r o d u c e ,  a n d  r e - u s e  s c i e n t i f i c  w o r k .","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-0050/c40","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/a69e38fe256a4f7b","nativeRecordCid":"e73fb299-ff55-43fe-a1d2-6eb690aee34f","documentId":"osft-doc-0050","id":"c40","text":"Sustainable funding mechanisms and transparent governance structures strengthen the global capacity to verify, reproduce, and re-use scientific work.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"funding mechanisms and governance structures","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"S u s t a i n a b l e  f u n d i n g  m e c h a n i s m s  a n d  t r a n s p a r e n t  g o v e r n a n c e  s t r u c t u r e s  a r e\nt h e r e f o r e  c r u c i a l  t o  g u a r a n t e e  c o n t i n u i t y  o f  s e r v i c e s ,  e n a b l e  c o m m u n i t y  p a r t i c i p a t i o n ,  a n d  e n s u r e  t h a t\nt h e s e  i n f r a s t r u c t u r e s  c a n  e v o l v e  a l o n g s i d e  r e s e a r c h  n e e d s ,  u l t i m a t e l y  s t r e n g t h e n i n g  t h e  g l o b a l\nc a p a c i t y  t o  v e r i f y ,  r e p r o d u c e ,  a n d  r e - u s e  s c i e n t i f i c  w o r k .","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0050/c41","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/65fccba644354bcd","nativeRecordCid":"35d23873-f3e2-47d2-acf0-8a5c144119f2","documentId":"osft-doc-0050","id":"c41","text":"Research communities should collaborate to develop and strengthen principles, standards and guidelines that support the responsible and effective re-use of data, with an emphasis on helping secondary users assess data quality, fitness-for-purpose, provenance, consent conditions, and methodological limitations.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"Research communities such as Academies, Councils, Associations, Societies, and disciplinary infrastructure communities","subject":"research communities and data re-use standards","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"R e s e a r c h  c o m m u n i t i e s ,  s u c h  a s  A c a d e m i e s ,  C o u n c i l s ,  A s s o c i a t i o n s  a n d  S o c i e t i e s ,  a l o n g s i d e\nc o m m u n i t i e s  f o c u s e d  a r o u n d  d i s c i p l i n a r y  i n f r a s t r u c t u r e s  s u c h  a s  d a t a  a n d  s o f t w a r e  r e p o s i t o r i e s ,\ns h o u l d  c o l l a b o r a t e  t o  d e v e l o p  a n d  s t r e n g t h e n  p r i n c i p l e s ,  s t a n d a r d s  a n d  g u i d e l i n e s  t h a t  s u p p o r t  t h e\nr e s p o n s i b l e  a n d  e f f e c t i v e  r e - u s e  o f  d a t a ,  w i t h  a n  e m p h a s i s  o n  h e l p i n g  s e c o n d a r y  u s e r s  u n d e r s t a n d  h o w\nt o  a s s e s s  d a t a  q u a l i t y ,  f i t n e s s - f o r - p u r p o s e ,  p r o v e n a n c e ,  c o n s e n t  c o n d i t i o n s ,  a n d\nm e t h o d o l o g i c a l\nl i m i t a t i o n s .","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-0050/c42","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/6b855e28ee2141b4","nativeRecordCid":"f1362f18-e4ec-4a63-820d-d25f746b6131","documentId":"osft-doc-0050","id":"c42","text":"Many existing frameworks focus on how researchers should produce reusable data.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"frameworks for producing reusable data","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"W h i l e  m a n y  e x i s t i n g  f r a m e w o r k s  f o c u s  o n  h o w  r e s e a r c h e r s  s h o u l d  p r o d u c e  r e u s a b l e  d a t a ,  c o m p a r a b l e\ng u i d a n c e  f o r  t h o s e  w h o  r e - u s e  d a t a  r e m a i n s  l e s s  d e v e l o p e d  a n d  i s  o f t e n  f r a g m e n t e d  a c r o s s  d i s c i p l i n e s .","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-0050/c43","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/e24098869e5f4049","nativeRecordCid":"e46ee740-0c0d-47fb-9873-520f83c43a26","documentId":"osft-doc-0050","id":"c43","text":"Comparable guidance for those who re-use data remains less developed than guidance for producing reusable data.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"guidance for data re-use","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"W h i l e  m a n y  e x i s t i n g  f r a m e w o r k s  f o c u s  o n  h o w  r e s e a r c h e r s  s h o u l d  p r o d u c e  r e u s a b l e  d a t a ,  c o m p a r a b l e\ng u i d a n c e  f o r  t h o s e  w h o  r e - u s e  d a t a  r e m a i n s  l e s s  d e v e l o p e d  a n d  i s  o f t e n  f r a g m e n t e d  a c r o s s  d i s c i p l i n e s .","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-0050/c44","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/ff5995d89c074d2c","nativeRecordCid":"efcb97b0-65e4-4bfb-a6fe-4ccb969a684b","documentId":"osft-doc-0050","id":"c44","text":"Guidance for those who re-use data is often fragmented across disciplines.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"guidance for data re-use","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"W h i l e  m a n y  e x i s t i n g  f r a m e w o r k s  f o c u s  o n  h o w  r e s e a r c h e r s  s h o u l d  p r o d u c e  r e u s a b l e  d a t a ,  c o m p a r a b l e\ng u i d a n c e  f o r  t h o s e  w h o  r e - u s e  d a t a  r e m a i n s  l e s s  d e v e l o p e d  a n d  i s  o f t e n  f r a g m e n t e d  a c r o s s  d i s c i p l i n e s .","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-0050/c45","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/07c669f90eff4dbc","nativeRecordCid":"8070785b-f4cf-47c2-957b-9cfd23f2a6e3","documentId":"osft-doc-0050","id":"c45","text":"Detailed standards for data re-use should be domain specific.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"","subject":"domain specificity of standards","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"A l t h o u g h  d e t a i l e d  s t a n d a r d s  s h o u l d  b e  d o m a i n  s p e c i f i c ,  s o m e  o v e r a r c h i n g  p r i n c i p l e s  ( e . g .\ne t h i c a l  u s e ,  a t t r i b u t i o n ,  c a r e f u l  a s s e s s m e n t  o f  u n c e r t a i n t y ,  a n d  c o n c e r n s  a r o u n d  d a t a  s e c u r i t y  a n d\ng o v e r n a n c e )  m a y  a p p l y  m o r e  b r o a d l y .","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-0050/c46","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/2a6d6677a3124925","nativeRecordCid":"45f0b1b2-51b3-4c6c-ac13-7938c1a59a66","documentId":"osft-doc-0050","id":"c46","text":"Overarching principles such as ethical use, attribution, careful assessment of uncertainty, and concerns around data security and governance may apply more broadly across domains.","kind":"normative","modality":"may","actor":"","subject":"overarching principles for data re-use","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"A l t h o u g h  d e t a i l e d  s t a n d a r d s  s h o u l d  b e  d o m a i n  s p e c i f i c ,  s o m e  o v e r a r c h i n g  p r i n c i p l e s  ( e . g .\ne t h i c a l  u s e ,  a t t r i b u t i o n ,  c a r e f u l  a s s e s s m e n t  o f  u n c e r t a i n t y ,  a n d  c o n c e r n s  a r o u n d  d a t a  s e c u r i t y  a n d\ng o v e r n a n c e )  m a y  a p p l y  m o r e  b r o a d l y .","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-0050/c47","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/643730f9107e452f","nativeRecordCid":"5a39e6cc-cab7-4277-bd83-54dae8f2325f","documentId":"osft-doc-0050","id":"c47","text":"Global and openly resolvable persistent identifiers, alongside high quality and open metadata, are essential for reliably tracking research outputs.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"","subject":"persistent identifiers and open metadata","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"G l o b a l  a n d  o p e n l y  r e s o l v a b l e  p e r s i s t e n t  i d e n t i f i e r s ,  a l o n g s i d e  h i g h  q u a l i t y  a n d  o p e n  m e t a d a t a ,  a r e\ne s s e n t i a l  f o r  r e l i a b l y  t r a c k i n g  r e s e a r c h  o u t p u t s  –  s u c h  a s  p u b l i c a t i o n s  ( i n c l u d i n g  p r e p r i n t s ) ,  d a t a s e t s ,\ns o f t w a r e ,  s a m p l e s ,  p r e - r e g i s t r a t i o n s ,  p r o t o c o l s  a n d  p a t e n t s  –  a n d  f o r  c o n n e c t i n g  t h e m  t o  t h e  p e o p l e ,\no r g a n i s a t i o n s ,  p r o j e c t s ,  g r a n t s  a n d  o t h e r  a c t i v i t i e s  t h a t  p r o d u c e d  t h e m .","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0050/c48","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/6575dfc51981439c","nativeRecordCid":"de43af20-7253-4b5d-9f80-2dbbb5ab3f10","documentId":"osft-doc-0050","id":"c48","text":"Global and openly resolvable persistent identifiers, alongside high quality and open metadata, are essential for connecting research outputs to the people, organisations, projects, grants and other activities that produced them.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"","subject":"persistent identifiers and open metadata","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"G l o b a l  a n d  o p e n l y  r e s o l v a b l e  p e r s i s t e n t  i d e n t i f i e r s ,  a l o n g s i d e  h i g h  q u a l i t y  a n d  o p e n  m e t a d a t a ,  a r e\ne s s e n t i a l  f o r  r e l i a b l y  t r a c k i n g  r e s e a r c h  o u t p u t s  –  s u c h  a s  p u b l i c a t i o n s  ( i n c l u d i n g  p r e p r i n t s ) ,  d a t a s e t s ,\ns o f t w a r e ,  s a m p l e s ,  p r e - r e g i s t r a t i o n s ,  p r o t o c o l s  a n d  p a t e n t s  –  a n d  f o r  c o n n e c t i n g  t h e m  t o  t h e  p e o p l e ,\no r g a n i s a t i o n s ,  p r o j e c t s ,  g r a n t s  a n d  o t h e r  a c t i v i t i e s  t h a t  p r o d u c e d  t h e m .","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-0050/c49","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/1d3dfdd6a0014f18","nativeRecordCid":"a0f6c7f6-c34d-4d0c-994f-a9f1011dfe32","documentId":"osft-doc-0050","id":"c49","text":"Connections between persistent identifiers and research outputs form the backbone of a transparent, discoverable and interoperable research ecosystem.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"identifier connections","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"S u c h  c o n n e c t i o n s  f o r m  t h e\nb a c k b o n e  o f  a  t r a n s p a r e n t ,  d i s c o v e r a b l e  a n d  i n t e r o p e r a b l e  r e s e a r c h  e c o s y s t e m ,  e n a b l i n g  o t h e r s  t o\nf i n d ,  r e t r i e v e ,  v e r i f y ,  r e - u s e ,  a n d  r e p r o d u c e  r e s e a r c h  r e s u l t s .","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0050/c50","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/951008c7855d42b3","nativeRecordCid":"7415bd1b-7cbf-4218-b3b0-00bb540844d5","documentId":"osft-doc-0050","id":"c50","text":"Connections between persistent identifiers and research outputs enable others to find, retrieve, verify, re-use, and reproduce research results.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"identifier connections","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"S u c h  c o n n e c t i o n s  f o r m  t h e\nb a c k b o n e  o f  a  t r a n s p a r e n t ,  d i s c o v e r a b l e  a n d  i n t e r o p e r a b l e  r e s e a r c h  e c o s y s t e m ,  e n a b l i n g  o t h e r s  t o\nf i n d ,  r e t r i e v e ,  v e r i f y ,  r e - u s e ,  a n d  r e p r o d u c e  r e s e a r c h  r e s u l t s .","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-0050/c51","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/ecf42707d6394ee2","nativeRecordCid":"74d1fd7e-c715-4ecc-80a3-c0b40dffbc77","documentId":"osft-doc-0050","id":"c51","text":"Funders and publishers of all types, as well as research institutions, should require, and implement where relevant, the use of Globally Unique, Persistent and Resolvable Identifiers (GUPRIs) across the research lifecycle.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"funders and publishers of all types, and research institutions","subject":"use of GUPRIs across research lifecycle","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"T o  a c h i e v e  t h i s ,  f u n d e r s  a n d  p u b l i s h e r s  o f\na l l  t y p e s ,  a s  w e l l  a s  r e s e a r c h  i n s t i t u t i o n s ,  s h o u l d  r e q u i r e ,  a n d  i m p l e m e n t  w h e r e  r e l e v a n t ,  t h e  u s e  o f\nG l o b a l l y  U n i q u e ,  P e r s i s t e n t  a n d  R e s o l v a b l e  I d e n t i f i e r s  ( G U P R I s )  [ 4 ]  a c r o s s  t h e  r e s e a r c h  l i f e c y c l e ,\ni n c l u d i n g  ( b u t  n o t  l i m i t e d  t o )  O R C I D  [ 5 ]  f o r  r e s e a r c h e r s ,  D O I s  f o r  d a t a s e t s ,  p u b l i c a t i o n s  a n d  s o f t w a r e ,\nR O R  I D s  [ 6 ]  f o r  i n s t i t u t i o n s ,  R A i D  [ 7 ]  f o r  p r o j e c t s ,  a n d  o t h e r  c o m m u n i t y - e n d o r s e d  i d e n t i f i e r s .","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-0050/c52","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/cea3824966c645a3","nativeRecordCid":"24258722-4acb-4e42-948b-3bb97238cbe7","documentId":"osft-doc-0050","id":"c52","text":"Persistent identifiers must be accompanied by, and resolvable to, open, high-quality metadata that supports machine-readability, provenance tracking, and automated linking across systems.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"","subject":"identifiers and open metadata","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"T h e s e\ni d e n t i f i e r s  m u s t  b e  a c c o m p a n i e d  b y ,  a n d  r e s o l v a b l e  t o ,  o p e n ,  h i g h - q u a l i t y  m e t a d a t a  t h a t  s u p p o r t s\nm a c h i n e - r e a d a b i l i t y ,  p r o v e n a n c e  t r a c k i n g ,  a n d  a u t o m a t e d  l i n k i n g  a c r o s s  s y s t e m s .","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-0050/c53","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/6e25fd8961134a3f","nativeRecordCid":"12a2e711-9b72-4830-9cd1-9e165becc478","documentId":"osft-doc-0050","id":"c53","text":"Mandating GUPRIs and open metadata strengthens research integrity.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"mandating GUPRIs and open metadata","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"M a n d a t i n g  G U P R I s\na n d  o p e n  m e t a d a t a  s t r e n g t h e n s  r e s e a r c h  i n t e g r i t y ,  r e d u c e s  a m b i g u i t y ,  s u p p o r t s  F A I R  d a t a  p r i n c i p l e s\n( W i l k i n s o n  e t  a l . ,  2 0 1 6 ) ,  a n d  e n a b l e s  c o n s i s t e n t  a t t r i b u t i o n  a n d  a c c o u n t a b i l i t y  a c r o s s  d i v e r s e  r e s e a r c h\nd o m a i n s .","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-0050/c54","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/d75badbb687a4eb4","nativeRecordCid":"3e31a192-c5fa-415e-b78f-202177d35cc6","documentId":"osft-doc-0050","id":"c54","text":"Mandating GUPRIs and open metadata reduces ambiguity.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"mandating GUPRIs and open metadata","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"M a n d a t i n g  G U P R I s\na n d  o p e n  m e t a d a t a  s t r e n g t h e n s  r e s e a r c h  i n t e g r i t y ,  r e d u c e s  a m b i g u i t y ,  s u p p o r t s  F A I R  d a t a  p r i n c i p l e s\n( W i l k i n s o n  e t  a l . ,  2 0 1 6 ) ,  a n d  e n a b l e s  c o n s i s t e n t  a t t r i b u t i o n  a n d  a c c o u n t a b i l i t y  a c r o s s  d i v e r s e  r e s e a r c h\nd o m a i n s .","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-0050/c55","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/f3d609ad51fd48e8","nativeRecordCid":"124f5394-42e2-4d30-b062-2796752451bf","documentId":"osft-doc-0050","id":"c55","text":"Mandating GUPRIs and open metadata supports FAIR data principles.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"mandating GUPRIs and open metadata","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"M a n d a t i n g  G U P R I s\na n d  o p e n  m e t a d a t a  s t r e n g t h e n s  r e s e a r c h  i n t e g r i t y ,  r e d u c e s  a m b i g u i t y ,  s u p p o r t s  F A I R  d a t a  p r i n c i p l e s\n( W i l k i n s o n  e t  a l . ,  2 0 1 6 ) ,  a n d  e n a b l e s  c o n s i s t e n t  a t t r i b u t i o n  a n d  a c c o u n t a b i l i t y  a c r o s s  d i v e r s e  r e s e a r c h\nd o m a i n s .","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-0050/c56","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/42547f98fbf34392","nativeRecordCid":"2a0285f8-f005-48d3-8729-7705dac42637","documentId":"osft-doc-0050","id":"c56","text":"Mandating GUPRIs and open metadata enables consistent attribution and accountability across diverse research domains.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"mandating GUPRIs and open metadata","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"M a n d a t i n g  G U P R I s\na n d  o p e n  m e t a d a t a  s t r e n g t h e n s  r e s e a r c h  i n t e g r i t y ,  r e d u c e s  a m b i g u i t y ,  s u p p o r t s  F A I R  d a t a  p r i n c i p l e s\n( W i l k i n s o n  e t  a l . ,  2 0 1 6 ) ,  a n d  e n a b l e s  c o n s i s t e n t  a t t r i b u t i o n  a n d  a c c o u n t a b i l i t y  a c r o s s  d i v e r s e  r e s e a r c h\nd o m a i n s .","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-0050/c57","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/ff5cb31300b94728","nativeRecordCid":"ad203ad3-8c38-4859-9c33-a26049e4473a","documentId":"osft-doc-0050","id":"c57","text":"Funders and other relevant stakeholders should strengthen monitoring of reproducibility.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"funders and other relevant stakeholders","subject":"monitoring of reproducibility","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"F u n d e r s  a n d  o t h e r  r e l e v a n t  s t a k e h o l d e r s  s h o u l d  s t r e n g t h e n  m o n i t o r i n g  o f  a n d  c o m m u n i c a t i o n  a b o u t\nr e p r o d u c i b i l i t y  t o  r a i s e  a w a r e n e s s  a m o n g  f u n d e d  r e s e a r c h e r s ,  w h i l e  r e c o g n i s i n g  t h a t  a n y  m e t r i c s  u s e d\nf o r  t h i s  p u r p o s e  m u s t  b e  c a r e f u l l y  d e s i g n e d ,  r e s p o n s i b l y  i m p l e m e n t e d ,  a n d  s e n s i t i v e  t o  t h e\nc o n s i d e r a b l e  e p i s t e m i c  d i v e r s i t y  t h a t  e x i s t s  a c r o s s  a n d  w i t h i n  d i s c i p l i n e s  ( H i c k s  e t  a l . ,  2 0 1 5 ) .","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0050/c58","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/11d2c5cdeae247e8","nativeRecordCid":"20691f24-3433-4b8b-a4a9-64a426717b33","documentId":"osft-doc-0050","id":"c58","text":"Funders and other relevant stakeholders should strengthen communication about reproducibility.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"funders and other relevant stakeholders","subject":"communication about reproducibility","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"F u n d e r s  a n d  o t h e r  r e l e v a n t  s t a k e h o l d e r s  s h o u l d  s t r e n g t h e n  m o n i t o r i n g  o f  a n d  c o m m u n i c a t i o n  a b o u t\nr e p r o d u c i b i l i t y  t o  r a i s e  a w a r e n e s s  a m o n g  f u n d e d  r e s e a r c h e r s ,  w h i l e  r e c o g n i s i n g  t h a t  a n y  m e t r i c s  u s e d\nf o r  t h i s  p u r p o s e  m u s t  b e  c a r e f u l l y  d e s i g n e d ,  r e s p o n s i b l y  i m p l e m e n t e d ,  a n d  s e n s i t i v e  t o  t h e\nc o n s i d e r a b l e  e p i s t e m i c  d i v e r s i t y  t h a t  e x i s t s  a c r o s s  a n d  w i t h i n  d i s c i p l i n e s  ( H i c k s  e t  a l . ,  2 0 1 5 ) .","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0050/c59","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/22a11c5482b543f2","nativeRecordCid":"485b257e-5d45-41f6-9d04-73a3ebbb4ed8","documentId":"osft-doc-0050","id":"c59","text":"Any metrics used to monitor reproducibility must be carefully designed.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"","subject":"metrics used to monitor reproducibility","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"F u n d e r s  a n d  o t h e r  r e l e v a n t  s t a k e h o l d e r s  s h o u l d  s t r e n g t h e n  m o n i t o r i n g  o f  a n d  c o m m u n i c a t i o n  a b o u t\nr e p r o d u c i b i l i t y  t o  r a i s e  a w a r e n e s s  a m o n g  f u n d e d  r e s e a r c h e r s ,  w h i l e  r e c o g n i s i n g  t h a t  a n y  m e t r i c s  u s e d\nf o r  t h i s  p u r p o s e  m u s t  b e  c a r e f u l l y  d e s i g n e d ,  r e s p o n s i b l y  i m p l e m e n t e d ,  a n d  s e n s i t i v e  t o  t h e\nc o n s i d e r a b l e  e p i s t e m i c  d i v e r s i t y  t h a t  e x i s t s  a c r o s s  a n d  w i t h i n  d i s c i p l i n e s  ( H i c k s  e t  a l . ,  2 0 1 5 ) .","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0050/c60","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/28ae496cd2304eb4","nativeRecordCid":"f180923c-5c20-4a3f-8eb0-147252751e51","documentId":"osft-doc-0050","id":"c60","text":"Any metrics used to monitor reproducibility must be responsibly implemented.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"","subject":"metrics used to monitor reproducibility","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"F u n d e r s  a n d  o t h e r  r e l e v a n t  s t a k e h o l d e r s  s h o u l d  s t r e n g t h e n  m o n i t o r i n g  o f  a n d  c o m m u n i c a t i o n  a b o u t\nr e p r o d u c i b i l i t y  t o  r a i s e  a w a r e n e s s  a m o n g  f u n d e d  r e s e a r c h e r s ,  w h i l e  r e c o g n i s i n g  t h a t  a n y  m e t r i c s  u s e d\nf o r  t h i s  p u r p o s e  m u s t  b e  c a r e f u l l y  d e s i g n e d ,  r e s p o n s i b l y  i m p l e m e n t e d ,  a n d  s e n s i t i v e  t o  t h e\nc o n s i d e r a b l e  e p i s t e m i c  d i v e r s i t y  t h a t  e x i s t s  a c r o s s  a n d  w i t h i n  d i s c i p l i n e s  ( H i c k s  e t  a l . ,  2 0 1 5 ) .","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-0050/c61","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/1836703fa2e440d0","nativeRecordCid":"dae7e277-b8e2-44f8-bba5-87829e76b352","documentId":"osft-doc-0050","id":"c61","text":"Any metrics used to monitor reproducibility must be sensitive to the considerable epistemic diversity that exists across and within disciplines.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"","subject":"metrics used to monitor reproducibility","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"F u n d e r s  a n d  o t h e r  r e l e v a n t  s t a k e h o l d e r s  s h o u l d  s t r e n g t h e n  m o n i t o r i n g  o f  a n d  c o m m u n i c a t i o n  a b o u t\nr e p r o d u c i b i l i t y  t o  r a i s e  a w a r e n e s s  a m o n g  f u n d e d  r e s e a r c h e r s ,  w h i l e  r e c o g n i s i n g  t h a t  a n y  m e t r i c s  u s e d\nf o r  t h i s  p u r p o s e  m u s t  b e  c a r e f u l l y  d e s i g n e d ,  r e s p o n s i b l y  i m p l e m e n t e d ,  a n d  s e n s i t i v e  t o  t h e\nc o n s i d e r a b l e  e p i s t e m i c  d i v e r s i t y  t h a t  e x i s t s  a c r o s s  a n d  w i t h i n  d i s c i p l i n e s  ( H i c k s  e t  a l . ,  2 0 1 5 ) .","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-0050/c62","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/1a97ecbc3ae449c0","nativeRecordCid":"5c86718b-e11c-4d7b-9283-cb8e64d4bdc6","documentId":"osft-doc-0050","id":"c62","text":"Many researchers recognise the value of transparent and rigorous research practices.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"researchers","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"W h i l e  m a n y  r e s e a r c h e r s  r e c o g n i s e  t h e  v a l u e  o f  t r a n s p a r e n t  a n d  r i g o r o u s  p r a c t i c e s ,  s y s t e m i c  p r e s s u r e s\ni n c l u d i n g  p u b l i c a t i o n  e x p e c t a t i o n s ,  c a r e e r  a d v a n c e m e n t  c r i t e r i a ,  a n d  l i m i t e d  s u p p o r t  a n d  r e c o g n i t i o n\nf o r  r e p l i c a t i o n  o f t e n  a c t  a s  d i s i n c e n t i v e s .","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-0050/c63","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/586d90da1f7e445c","nativeRecordCid":"5c174654-a4db-41cc-a70d-e10cc3ea1eb7","documentId":"osft-doc-0050","id":"c63","text":"Systemic pressures, including publication expectations, career advancement criteria, and limited support and recognition for replication, often act as disincentives to transparent and rigorous research practices.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"systemic pressures","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"W h i l e  m a n y  r e s e a r c h e r s  r e c o g n i s e  t h e  v a l u e  o f  t r a n s p a r e n t  a n d  r i g o r o u s  p r a c t i c e s ,  s y s t e m i c  p r e s s u r e s\ni n c l u d i n g  p u b l i c a t i o n  e x p e c t a t i o n s ,  c a r e e r  a d v a n c e m e n t  c r i t e r i a ,  a n d  l i m i t e d  s u p p o r t  a n d  r e c o g n i t i o n\nf o r  r e p l i c a t i o n  o f t e n  a c t  a s  d i s i n c e n t i v e s .","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-0050/c64","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/9906607302124cd9","nativeRecordCid":"44d553cf-6f3a-432d-9055-48e72de5f35a","documentId":"osft-doc-0050","id":"c64","text":"Effective policy must align incentives with reproducible and trustworthy research.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"policy","subject":"effective policy","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"E f f e c t i v e  p o l i c y  m u s t  t h e r e f o r e  a l i g n  i n c e n t i v e s  w i t h\nr e p r o d u c i b l e  a n d  t r u s t w o r t h y  r e s e a r c h ,  e n c o u r a g e  c o m m u n i t i e s  t o  l e a d  t h e  d e v e l o p m e n t  o f  a p p r o p r i a t e\nn o r m s ,  a n d  e n s u r e  t h a t  a s s e s s m e n t  a n d  m o n i t o r i n g  s y s t e m s  r e f l e c t  t h e  d i v e r s i t y  o f  r e s e a r c h\na p p r o a c h e s  a c r o s s  d i s c i p l i n e s .","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-0050/c65","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/79326b14ae3047ce","nativeRecordCid":"ccc781f6-75b2-4ac1-9bbb-15b26a9d7d64","documentId":"osft-doc-0050","id":"c65","text":"Effective policy must encourage communities to lead the development of appropriate norms.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"policy","subject":"effective policy","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"E f f e c t i v e  p o l i c y  m u s t  t h e r e f o r e  a l i g n  i n c e n t i v e s  w i t h\nr e p r o d u c i b l e  a n d  t r u s t w o r t h y  r e s e a r c h ,  e n c o u r a g e  c o m m u n i t i e s  t o  l e a d  t h e  d e v e l o p m e n t  o f  a p p r o p r i a t e\nn o r m s ,  a n d  e n s u r e  t h a t  a s s e s s m e n t  a n d  m o n i t o r i n g  s y s t e m s  r e f l e c t  t h e  d i v e r s i t y  o f  r e s e a r c h\na p p r o a c h e s  a c r o s s  d i s c i p l i n e s .","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-0050/c66","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/35aeb0f577364e69","nativeRecordCid":"e0a9c39a-ae71-4e3c-9ae5-c851a9ddc9e7","documentId":"osft-doc-0050","id":"c66","text":"Effective policy must ensure that assessment and monitoring systems reflect the diversity of research approaches across disciplines.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"policy","subject":"effective policy","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"E f f e c t i v e  p o l i c y  m u s t  t h e r e f o r e  a l i g n  i n c e n t i v e s  w i t h\nr e p r o d u c i b l e  a n d  t r u s t w o r t h y  r e s e a r c h ,  e n c o u r a g e  c o m m u n i t i e s  t o  l e a d  t h e  d e v e l o p m e n t  o f  a p p r o p r i a t e\nn o r m s ,  a n d  e n s u r e  t h a t  a s s e s s m e n t  a n d  m o n i t o r i n g  s y s t e m s  r e f l e c t  t h e  d i v e r s i t y  o f  r e s e a r c h\na p p r o a c h e s  a c r o s s  d i s c i p l i n e s .","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-0050/c67","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/fbc8610b3d6a44ba","nativeRecordCid":"b385ce4f-3e73-4354-ac97-4ce4176792d4","documentId":"osft-doc-0050","id":"c67","text":"Practices that enable and deliver research reproducibility should be an integral and rewarded part of the research process rather than an additional burden.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"","subject":"reproducibility practices","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"H e n c e ,  t o  f o s t e r  a  c u l t u r e  i n  w h i c h  p r a c t i c e s  t h a t  e n a b l e  a n d  d e l i v e r\nr e s e a r c h  r e p r o d u c i b i l i t y  i s  n o t  a n  a d d i t i o n a l  b u r d e n  b u t  a n  i n t e g r a l  a n d  r e w a r d e d  p a r t  o f  t h e  r e s e a r c h\np r o c e s s ,  T I E R 2  r e c o m m e n d s  t h a t :","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0050/c68","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/4fab4a9deb794f99","nativeRecordCid":"8737ebb8-c43d-4fe5-8d2c-4caa7541aa13","documentId":"osft-doc-0050","id":"c68","text":"Reproducibility metrics could address enabling factors, such as how transparent research outputs are.","kind":"normative","modality":"may","actor":"","subject":"reproducibility metrics","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"M e t r i c s  m i g h t  a d d r e s s  b o t h  e n a b l i n g  ( e . g .  h o w  t r a n s p a r e n t  a r e  r e s e a r c h  o u t p u t s )  a n d  a c t u a l  r e d o i n g  ( e . g . ,  t h e\ne x t e n t  t o  w h i c h  r e s u l t s  f r o m  r e p l i c a t i o n  s t u d i e s  a g r e e  w i t h  i n i t i a l  f i n d i n g s ) .","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0050/c69","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/0c0c90682c424231","nativeRecordCid":"72088ce2-849f-46c5-9a82-932555c589b7","documentId":"osft-doc-0050","id":"c69","text":"Reproducibility metrics could address actual redoing, such as the extent to which results from replication studies agree with initial findings.","kind":"normative","modality":"may","actor":"","subject":"reproducibility metrics","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"M e t r i c s  m i g h t  a d d r e s s  b o t h  e n a b l i n g  ( e . g .  h o w  t r a n s p a r e n t  a r e  r e s e a r c h  o u t p u t s )  a n d  a c t u a l  r e d o i n g  ( e . g . ,  t h e\ne x t e n t  t o  w h i c h  r e s u l t s  f r o m  r e p l i c a t i o n  s t u d i e s  a g r e e  w i t h  i n i t i a l  f i n d i n g s ) .","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0050/c70","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/e9543e23ae044b00","nativeRecordCid":"66a7541c-0a59-4c53-a0e1-b84179663c66","documentId":"osft-doc-0050","id":"c70","text":"Reproducibility metrics can support automated oversight, for example by tracking availability of open outputs.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"reproducibility metrics","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"R e p r o d u c i b i l i t y  m e t r i c s  c a n  s u p p o r t  a u t o m a t e d  o v e r s i g h t ,  f o r  e x a m p l e  b y  t r a c k i n g  a v a i l a b i l i t y  o f  o p e n\no u t p u t s ,  b u t  p o o r l y  d e s i g n e d  i n d i c a t o r s  r i s k  o v e r s i m p l i f y i n g  c o m p l e x  r e s e a r c h  p r a c t i c e s ,  e n c o u r a g i n g\nb o x  t i c k i n g ,  d i s a d v a n t a g i n g  f i e l d s  w i t h  d i f f e r e n t  n o r m s ,  o r  b e c o m i n g  t a r g e t s  i n  t h e i r  o w n  r i g h t .","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-0050/c71","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/b72f69cfc04f40ae","nativeRecordCid":"c642777c-bb11-4dac-a369-c216b534465b","documentId":"osft-doc-0050","id":"c71","text":"Poorly designed reproducibility indicators risk oversimplifying complex research practices.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"poorly designed indicators","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"R e p r o d u c i b i l i t y  m e t r i c s  c a n  s u p p o r t  a u t o m a t e d  o v e r s i g h t ,  f o r  e x a m p l e  b y  t r a c k i n g  a v a i l a b i l i t y  o f  o p e n\no u t p u t s ,  b u t  p o o r l y  d e s i g n e d  i n d i c a t o r s  r i s k  o v e r s i m p l i f y i n g  c o m p l e x  r e s e a r c h  p r a c t i c e s ,  e n c o u r a g i n g\nb o x  t i c k i n g ,  d i s a d v a n t a g i n g  f i e l d s  w i t h  d i f f e r e n t  n o r m s ,  o r  b e c o m i n g  t a r g e t s  i n  t h e i r  o w n  r i g h t .","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-0050/c72","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/443889eecee44425","nativeRecordCid":"ba97772d-b289-4876-9eac-531df8a3c4d4","documentId":"osft-doc-0050","id":"c72","text":"Poorly designed reproducibility indicators risk encouraging box ticking.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"poorly designed indicators","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"R e p r o d u c i b i l i t y  m e t r i c s  c a n  s u p p o r t  a u t o m a t e d  o v e r s i g h t ,  f o r  e x a m p l e  b y  t r a c k i n g  a v a i l a b i l i t y  o f  o p e n\no u t p u t s ,  b u t  p o o r l y  d e s i g n e d  i n d i c a t o r s  r i s k  o v e r s i m p l i f y i n g  c o m p l e x  r e s e a r c h  p r a c t i c e s ,  e n c o u r a g i n g\nb o x  t i c k i n g ,  d i s a d v a n t a g i n g  f i e l d s  w i t h  d i f f e r e n t  n o r m s ,  o r  b e c o m i n g  t a r g e t s  i n  t h e i r  o w n  r i g h t .","representedInStars":true}
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{"key":"osft-doc-0050/c74","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/23927aa06aa54b27","nativeRecordCid":"109ce10d-2ec6-472a-8f7f-cf65a8f4c46b","documentId":"osft-doc-0050","id":"c74","text":"Poorly designed reproducibility indicators risk becoming targets in their own right.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"poorly designed indicators","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"R e p r o d u c i b i l i t y  m e t r i c s  c a n  s u p p o r t  a u t o m a t e d  o v e r s i g h t ,  f o r  e x a m p l e  b y  t r a c k i n g  a v a i l a b i l i t y  o f  o p e n\no u t p u t s ,  b u t  p o o r l y  d e s i g n e d  i n d i c a t o r s  r i s k  o v e r s i m p l i f y i n g  c o m p l e x  r e s e a r c h  p r a c t i c e s ,  e n c o u r a g i n g\nb o x  t i c k i n g ,  d i s a d v a n t a g i n g  f i e l d s  w i t h  d i f f e r e n t  n o r m s ,  o r  b e c o m i n g  t a r g e t s  i n  t h e i r  o w n  r i g h t .","representedInStars":true}
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{"key":"osft-doc-0050/c77","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/3ef6f37868cd44b2","nativeRecordCid":"9646f5a0-488d-4426-9199-1ea917ebda73","documentId":"osft-doc-0050","id":"c77","text":"Reproducibility metrics should be co-developed with and sensitive to the research communities they affect.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"","subject":"reproducibility metrics","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"M e t r i c s  s h o u l d\nc o m p l e m e n t ,  n o t  r e p l a c e ,  e x p e r t  j u d g e m e n t ;  b e  t r a n s p a r e n t  a b o u t  t h e i r  l i m i t a t i o n s ;  a n d  b e  c o -\nd e v e l o p e d  w i t h  a n d  s e n s i t i v e  t o  t h e  r e s e a r c h  c o m m u n i t i e s  t h e y  a f f e c t .","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-0050/c78","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/29febb3961584d44","nativeRecordCid":"191e1604-73bf-459a-bfdf-0b74f02d447b","documentId":"osft-doc-0050","id":"c78","text":"Funders and other bodies can encourage continuous improvement in reproducibility practices by adopting field-appropriate, proportionate metrics used for learning rather than punitive evaluation.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"funders and other bodies","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"B y  a d o p t i n g  r e p r o d u c i b i l i t y\nm e t r i c s  t h a t  a r e  f i e l d  a p p r o p r i a t e ,  p r o p o r t i o n a t e ,  a n d  u s e d  f o r  l e a r n i n g  r a t h e r  t h a n  p u n i t i v e  e v a l u a t i o n ,\nf u n d e r s  a n d  o t h e r  b o d i e s  c a n  e n c o u r a g e  c o n t i n u o u s  i m p r o v e m e n t  i n  r e p r o d u c i b i l i t y  p r a c t i c e s  w i t h o u t\nu n d e r m i n i n g  t h e  r i c h n e s s  a n d  d i v e r s i t y  o f  r e s e a r c h  c u l t u r e s .","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0050/c79","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/1a86851062bf4630","nativeRecordCid":"5c8e3782-c60e-438c-b3ba-590ab8ec2432","documentId":"osft-doc-0050","id":"c79","text":"Adopting field-appropriate, proportionate reproducibility metrics used for learning rather than punitive evaluation avoids undermining the richness and diversity of research cultures.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"reproducibility metrics","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"B y  a d o p t i n g  r e p r o d u c i b i l i t y\nm e t r i c s  t h a t  a r e  f i e l d  a p p r o p r i a t e ,  p r o p o r t i o n a t e ,  a n d  u s e d  f o r  l e a r n i n g  r a t h e r  t h a n  p u n i t i v e  e v a l u a t i o n ,\nf u n d e r s  a n d  o t h e r  b o d i e s  c a n  e n c o u r a g e  c o n t i n u o u s  i m p r o v e m e n t  i n  r e p r o d u c i b i l i t y  p r a c t i c e s  w i t h o u t\nu n d e r m i n i n g  t h e  r i c h n e s s  a n d  d i v e r s i t y  o f  r e s e a r c h  c u l t u r e s .","representedInStars":false}
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{"key":"osft-doc-0050/c112","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/34b54d79c13b4b50","nativeRecordCid":"832b9db7-88b8-4fc9-b9f4-854a259055b3","documentId":"osft-doc-0050","id":"c112","text":"Developing targeted training and incentive structures for research leaders can equip them with practical strategies for supporting good practice within their teams.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"training and incentive structures for leaders","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"D e v e l o p i n g  t a r g e t e d  t r a i n i n g  a n d  i n c e n t i v e  s t r u c t u r e s  f o r  t h e s e  l e a d e r s  c a n\ne n h a n c e  t h e i r  a w a r e n e s s  o f  r e p r o d u c i b i l i t y  c h a l l e n g e s ,  e q u i p  t h e m  w i t h  p r a c t i c a l  s t r a t e g i e s  f o r\ns u p p o r t i n g  g o o d  p r a c t i c e  w i t h i n  t h e i r  t e a m s ,  a n d  r e i n f o r c e  t h e i r  a c c o u n t a b i l i t y  a s  r o l e  m o d e l s  f o r\nr e s p o n s i b l e  r e s e a r c h  b e h a v i o u r .","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-0050/c113","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/3f4bebf6b7624b6f","nativeRecordCid":"31f28656-626a-4449-97f3-586f7486c237","documentId":"osft-doc-0050","id":"c113","text":"Developing targeted training and incentive structures for research leaders can reinforce their accountability as role models for responsible research behaviour.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"training and incentive structures for leaders","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"D e v e l o p i n g  t a r g e t e d  t r a i n i n g  a n d  i n c e n t i v e  s t r u c t u r e s  f o r  t h e s e  l e a d e r s  c a n\ne n h a n c e  t h e i r  a w a r e n e s s  o f  r e p r o d u c i b i l i t y  c h a l l e n g e s ,  e q u i p  t h e m  w i t h  p r a c t i c a l  s t r a t e g i e s  f o r\ns u p p o r t i n g  g o o d  p r a c t i c e  w i t h i n  t h e i r  t e a m s ,  a n d  r e i n f o r c e  t h e i r  a c c o u n t a b i l i t y  a s  r o l e  m o d e l s  f o r\nr e s p o n s i b l e  r e s e a r c h  b e h a v i o u r .","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-0050/c114","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/436a08233d904ef2","nativeRecordCid":"30f0aba5-8774-490a-87d1-4be5d4de656c","documentId":"osft-doc-0050","id":"c114","text":"Embedding training on reproducibility within institutional frameworks ensures that responsibility for reproducibility extends beyond early-career researchers.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"embedding reproducibility training in institutions","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"E m b e d d i n g  s u c h  t r a i n i n g  w i t h i n  i n s t i t u t i o n a l  f r a m e w o r k s  –  t h r o u g h\nl e a d e r s h i p  d e v e l o p m e n t  p r o g r a m m e s ,  s u p e r v i s o r y  t r a i n i n g ,  p r o m o t i o n  c r i t e r i a ,  a n d  d e p a r t m e n t a l\ne x p e c t a t i o n s  –  e n s u r e s  t h a t  r e s p o n s i b i l i t y  f o r  r e p r o d u c i b i l i t y  e x t e n d s  b e y o n d  e a r l y - c a r e e r  r e s e a r c h e r s\na n d  b e c o m e s  a  s h a r e d  o r g a n i s a t i o n a l  p r i o r i t y .","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-0050/c115","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/8efec77a38ad4220","nativeRecordCid":"33bcfeb0-30cd-4228-92cd-154f2fd20ee1","documentId":"osft-doc-0050","id":"c115","text":"Embedding training on reproducibility within institutional frameworks ensures that responsibility for reproducibility becomes a shared organisational priority.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"embedding reproducibility training in institutions","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"E m b e d d i n g  s u c h  t r a i n i n g  w i t h i n  i n s t i t u t i o n a l  f r a m e w o r k s  –  t h r o u g h\nl e a d e r s h i p  d e v e l o p m e n t  p r o g r a m m e s ,  s u p e r v i s o r y  t r a i n i n g ,  p r o m o t i o n  c r i t e r i a ,  a n d  d e p a r t m e n t a l\ne x p e c t a t i o n s  –  e n s u r e s  t h a t  r e s p o n s i b i l i t y  f o r  r e p r o d u c i b i l i t y  e x t e n d s  b e y o n d  e a r l y - c a r e e r  r e s e a r c h e r s\na n d  b e c o m e s  a  s h a r e d  o r g a n i s a t i o n a l  p r i o r i t y .","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0050/c116","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/a7c115dbe5524e22","nativeRecordCid":"b03fc067-1efb-448d-91ea-658f02c209c0","documentId":"osft-doc-0050","id":"c116","text":"Training programmes on reproducibility should be paired with awareness raising on why reproducibility practices matter when training is obligatory.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"","subject":"training programmes on reproducibility","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"T o  a v o i d  r e s i s t a n c e  f r o m  l e a d e r s h i p ,  t r a i n i n g\np r o g r a m m e s  s h o u l d  b e  p a i r e d  w i t h  a w a r e n e s s  r a i s i n g  o n  w h y  r e p r o d u c i b i l i t y  p r a c t i c e s  m a t t e r  w h e n\nc a s e  t r a i n i n g  i s  o b l i g a t o r y ,  a n d  w i t h  e n c o u r a g e m e n t  a n d  i n c e n t i v e s  t o  t a k e  p a r t ,  i n  p a r t i c u l a r  w h e n  i t  i s\nv o l u n t a r y .","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-0050/c117","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/bd69aea6559948ff","nativeRecordCid":"4dd7fbc3-de94-4771-b745-d31d86923aa0","documentId":"osft-doc-0050","id":"c117","text":"Training programmes on reproducibility should be paired with encouragement and incentives to take part when training is voluntary.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"","subject":"training programmes on reproducibility","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"T o  a v o i d  r e s i s t a n c e  f r o m  l e a d e r s h i p ,  t r a i n i n g\np r o g r a m m e s  s h o u l d  b e  p a i r e d  w i t h  a w a r e n e s s  r a i s i n g  o n  w h y  r e p r o d u c i b i l i t y  p r a c t i c e s  m a t t e r  w h e n\nc a s e  t r a i n i n g  i s  o b l i g a t o r y ,  a n d  w i t h  e n c o u r a g e m e n t  a n d  i n c e n t i v e s  t o  t a k e  p a r t ,  i n  p a r t i c u l a r  w h e n  i t  i s\nv o l u n t a r y .","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0050/c118","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/ee0aa8deb21f4dee","nativeRecordCid":"f5e5a7d9-2dde-45a0-becc-4dabe1e4890b","documentId":"osft-doc-0050","id":"c118","text":"Publishers are facing growing challenges in ensuring research quality and provenance.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"publishers","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"P u b l i s h e r s  a r e  f a c i n g  g r o w i n g  c h a l l e n g e s  i n  e n s u r i n g  r e s e a r c h  q u a l i t y  a n d  p r o v e n a n c e ,  i n c l u d i n g  a\nd o c u m e n t e d  s u r g e  i n  p a p e r  m i l l  s u b m i s s i o n s  ( R i c h a r d s o n  e t  a l . ,  2 0 2 5 )  a n d  t h e  w i d e s p r e a d  a d o p t i o n  o f\ng e n e r a t i v e  A I  i n  s c i e n t i f i c  w r i t i n g  ( L i a n g  e t  a l . ,  2 0 2 4 ) .","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-0050/c119","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/ebbc78f5bb18400a","nativeRecordCid":"d794b89c-7019-46fc-98e4-0b91a38aaaaa","documentId":"osft-doc-0050","id":"c119","text":"Journals and publishers should strengthen their capacity to manage digital research objects by upskilling editorial and other relevant staff.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"journals and publishers","subject":"journal capacity for digital research objects","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"T o  s a f e g u a r d  t h e  i n t e g r i t y  o f  p u b l i s h e d  w o r k ,\ni n c l u d i n g  i t s  r e p r o d u c i b i l i t y ,  j o u r n a l s  a n d  p u b l i s h e r s  s h o u l d  s t r e n g t h e n  t h e i r  c a p a c i t y  t o  m a n a g e  d i g i t a l\nr e s e a r c h  o b j e c t s  b y  u p s k i l l i n g  e d i t o r i a l  a n d  o t h e r  r e l e v a n t  s t a f f  a n d  d e d i c a t i n g  r e s o u r c e s  t o  a p p l y\nr e p r o d u c i b i l i t y  a n d  d a t a - s h a r i n g  c h e c k s  c o n s i s t e n t l y  a n d  e f f e c t i v e l y .","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-0050/c120","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/f330cd65b0d048e0","nativeRecordCid":"6cf85cc6-2997-4e28-a968-1ae51337439b","documentId":"osft-doc-0050","id":"c120","text":"Journals and publishers should strengthen their capacity to manage digital research objects by dedicating resources to apply reproducibility and data-sharing checks consistently and effectively.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"journals and publishers","subject":"journal capacity for digital research objects","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"T o  s a f e g u a r d  t h e  i n t e g r i t y  o f  p u b l i s h e d  w o r k ,\ni n c l u d i n g  i t s  r e p r o d u c i b i l i t y ,  j o u r n a l s  a n d  p u b l i s h e r s  s h o u l d  s t r e n g t h e n  t h e i r  c a p a c i t y  t o  m a n a g e  d i g i t a l\nr e s e a r c h  o b j e c t s  b y  u p s k i l l i n g  e d i t o r i a l  a n d  o t h e r  r e l e v a n t  s t a f f  a n d  d e d i c a t i n g  r e s o u r c e s  t o  a p p l y\nr e p r o d u c i b i l i t y  a n d  d a t a - s h a r i n g  c h e c k s  c o n s i s t e n t l y  a n d  e f f e c t i v e l y .","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-0050/c121","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/84bd15390cba4f46","nativeRecordCid":"fbe1c257-cdc0-4d99-a4ed-fb42d22c3224","documentId":"osft-doc-0050","id":"c121","text":"Efforts to strengthen publisher capacity for managing digital research objects must be supported by clear, regularly updated policies that reflect community standards and are openly registered in resources such as FAIRsharing.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"","subject":"publisher policies for digital research objects","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"T h e s e  e f f o r t s  m u s t  b e  s u p p o r t e d\nb y  c l e a r ,  r e g u l a r l y  u p d a t e d  p o l i c i e s  t h a t  r e f l e c t  c o m m u n i t y  s t a n d a r d s  a n d  a r e  o p e n l y  r e g i s t e r e d  i n\nr e s o u r c e s  s u c h  a s  F A I R s h a r i n g  [ 9 ] .","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0050/c122","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/e1e891df94e14676","nativeRecordCid":"63d6132b-71ca-406f-8f56-ff460d088c51","documentId":"osft-doc-0050","id":"c122","text":"The volume and complexity of datasets, code, protocols, and other digital objects is growing.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"digital research objects","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"A s  t h e  v o l u m e  a n d  c o m p l e x i t y  o f  d a t a s e t s ,  c o d e ,  p r o t o c o l s ,  a n d\no t h e r  d i g i t a l  o b j e c t s  g r o w s ,  e d i t o r i a l  a n d  o t h e r  r e l e v a n t  t e a m s  ( i n c l u d i n g  r e s e a r c h  i n t e g r i t y ,  s c r e e n i n g\na n d  s o m e  p r o d u c t i o n  t e a m s )  n e e d  b u d g e t ,  t r a i n i n g ,  a n d  t e c h n i c a l  s u p p o r t  t o  a s s e s s  c o m p l i a n c e  w i t h\nd a t a  a v a i l a b i l i t y  r e q u i r e m e n t s ,  m e t a d a t a  s t a n d a r d s ,  p e r s i s t e n t  i d e n t i f i e r  u s e ,  a n d  r e p o s i t o r y  b e s t\np r a c t i c e s .","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-0050/c123","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/109533bef793447b","nativeRecordCid":"48015430-e62d-48ea-a6c3-e36413153869","documentId":"osft-doc-0050","id":"c123","text":"Editorial and other relevant teams need budget, training, and technical support to assess compliance with data availability requirements, metadata standards, persistent identifier use, and repository best practices.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"","subject":"editorial and other relevant teams","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"A s  t h e  v o l u m e  a n d  c o m p l e x i t y  o f  d a t a s e t s ,  c o d e ,  p r o t o c o l s ,  a n d\no t h e r  d i g i t a l  o b j e c t s  g r o w s ,  e d i t o r i a l  a n d  o t h e r  r e l e v a n t  t e a m s  ( i n c l u d i n g  r e s e a r c h  i n t e g r i t y ,  s c r e e n i n g\na n d  s o m e  p r o d u c t i o n  t e a m s )  n e e d  b u d g e t ,  t r a i n i n g ,  a n d  t e c h n i c a l  s u p p o r t  t o  a s s e s s  c o m p l i a n c e  w i t h\nd a t a  a v a i l a b i l i t y  r e q u i r e m e n t s ,  m e t a d a t a  s t a n d a r d s ,  p e r s i s t e n t  i d e n t i f i e r  u s e ,  a n d  r e p o s i t o r y  b e s t\np r a c t i c e s .","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-0050/c124","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/c99ebadb0c5a402e","nativeRecordCid":"c78498ce-918b-4fbf-bde0-3cdde5ba80fa","documentId":"osft-doc-0050","id":"c124","text":"The evidence base for which reproducibility interventions work, under what conditions, and with what trade-offs remains limited despite growing recognition of reproducibility challenges.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"evidence base on reproducibility interventions","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Y e t  d e s p i t e  g r o w i n g  r e c o g n i t i o n  o f  r e p r o d u c i b i l i t y  c h a l l e n g e s ,  t h e  e v i d e n c e  b a s e  f o r  w h i c h  i n t e r v e n t i o n s\nw o r k ,  u n d e r  w h a t  c o n d i t i o n s ,  a n d  w i t h  w h a t  t r a d e - o f f s  r e m a i n s  l i m i t e d .","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-0050/c125","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/e160c0b796bb4c73","nativeRecordCid":"08c79375-b05f-45df-bb20-a0570b85b9f6","documentId":"osft-doc-0050","id":"c125","text":"Journals should collaborate with internal and external service providers to integrate automated and AI-enabled tools, such as automated data-availability checkers, code-execution verifiers, and metadata validators, directly into manuscript workflows.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"journals","subject":"integration of automated/AI tools into manuscript workflows","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"T o  m a k e  t h e s e  p r o c e s s e s  s c a l a b l e  a n d  c o n s i s t e n t ,  j o u r n a l s  s h o u l d  c o l l a b o r a t e  w i t h  i n t e r n a l  a n d\ne x t e r n a l  s e r v i c e  p r o v i d e r s  t o  i n t e g r a t e  a u t o m a t e d  a n d  A I - e n a b l e d  t o o l s ,  s u c h  a s  a u t o m a t e d  d a t a -\na v a i l a b i l i t y  c h e c k e r s ,  c o d e - e x e c u t i o n  v e r i f i e r s ,  a n d  m e t a d a t a  v a l i d a t o r s ,  d i r e c t l y  i n t o  m a n u s c r i p t\nw o r k f l o w s .","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-0050/c126","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/c50abb8f4ea04237","nativeRecordCid":"e495413b-f292-4139-9467-cac786801895","documentId":"osft-doc-0050","id":"c126","text":"The reliability of automated and AI-enabled manuscript-screening tools is itself an active area of research.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"reliability of automated/AI screening tools","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"G i v e n  t h a t  t h e  r e l i a b i l i t y  o f  s u c h  t o o l s  i s  i t s e l f  a n  a c t i v e  a r e a  o f  r e s e a r c h","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-0050/c127","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/07cdbf8f465d4958","nativeRecordCid":"d968da5e-44fb-4c1f-b36a-769318744480","documentId":"osft-doc-0050","id":"c127","text":"The viability of automated and AI-enabled manuscript-screening tools should be regularly assessed.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"","subject":"viability of automated/AI screening tools","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"t h e i r  v i a b i l i t y\ns h o u l d  b e  r e g u l a r l y  a s s e s s e d .","representedInStars":true}
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{"key":"osft-doc-0050/c158","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/7a12a9e8f04b4991","nativeRecordCid":"00b2db61-72eb-4ee4-ae8f-457108121912","documentId":"osft-doc-0050","id":"c158","text":"By making funding and publishing processes more transparent and consistent, organisations can help generate evidence needed to inform effective policy-making.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"transparency's effect on evidence generation","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"a n d  h e l p  g e n e r a t e  e v i d e n c e  n e e d e d  t o  i n f o r m\ne f f e c t i v e  p o l i c y - m a k i n g .","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-0050/c159","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/7f7c5afa8aa04810","nativeRecordCid":"6c849edd-2b8d-4354-a58f-0eac41d59b56","documentId":"osft-doc-0050","id":"c159","text":"Epistemic diversity is defined as the condition or fact of being different or varied, which affects the development and/or understanding of knowledge.","kind":"definitional","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"epistemic diversity","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"[ 1 2 ]  E p i s t e m i c  d i v e r s i t y  r e f e r s ,  a c c o r d i n g  t o  L e o n e l l i  ( 2 0 2 2 ) ,  t o  “ t h e  c o n d i t i o n  o r  f a c t  o f  b e i n g  d i f f e r e n t  o r  v a r i e d ,  w h i c h\na f f e c t s  t h e  d e v e l o p m e n t  a n d / o r  u n d e r s t a n d i n g  o f  k n o w l e d g e ” .","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-0050/c160","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/60c7dd8f679942ef","nativeRecordCid":"9f0afb15-7ee7-424f-ac0d-ba4588feeb65","documentId":"osft-doc-0050","id":"c160","text":"The Knowledge Production Modes (KPM) framework interprets reproducibility as a function of both epistemic relevance and practical feasibility.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"Knowledge Production Modes (KPM) framework","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"T h e  c o r e  o f  T I E R 2 ’ s  c o n t r i b u t i o n  t o  t h i s  u n d e r s t a n d i n g  i s  t h e  K n o w l e d g e\nP r o d u c t i o n  M o d e s  ( K P M )  f r a m e w o r k ,  w h i c h  i n t e r p r e t s  r e p r o d u c i b i l i t y  a s  a  f u n c t i o n  o f  b o t h  e p i s t e m i c\nr e l e v a n c e  a n d  p r a c t i c a l  f e a s i b i l i t y","representedInStars":true}
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{"key":"osft-doc-0050/c163","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/049fddab7b114995","nativeRecordCid":"8634686a-be61-4670-b5bc-090c6e6562de","documentId":"osft-doc-0050","id":"c163","text":"Relevance (of reproducibility as a quality indicator) depends on systems of justification that govern quality criteria and evaluative standards.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"determinants of epistemic relevance","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"R e l e v a n c e  d e p e n d s  o n  r e s e a r c h  g o a l s ,\ne p i s t e m i c  f u n c t i o n s ,  a n d  s y s t e m s  o f  j u s t i f i c a t i o n  t h a t  g o v e r n  q u a l i t y  c r i t e r i a  a n d  e v a l u a t i v e  s t a n d a r d s .","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0050/c164","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/1e5a2d91359e462e","nativeRecordCid":"1361271d-ba45-46df-9908-68d794bf516e","documentId":"osft-doc-0050","id":"c164","text":"Especially in qualitative, exploratory, or interpretivist traditions, reproducibility may be less relevant as an indicator of quality than concepts like credibility, reflexivity, or plausibility.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"reproducibility as a quality indicator","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"E s p e c i a l l y  i n  q u a l i t a t i v e ,  e x p l o r a t o r y ,  o r  i n t e r p r e t i v i s t  t r a d i t i o n s ,  r e p r o d u c i b i l i t y  m a y  h e n c e  b e  l e s s\nr e l e v a n t  a s  a n  i n d i c a t o r  o f  q u a l i t y  t h a n  c o n c e p t s  l i k e  c r e d i b i l i t y ,  r e f l e x i v i t y ,  o r  p l a u s i b i l i t y .","representedInStars":true}
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{"key":"osft-doc-0050/c169","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/2760a56cbaf74607","nativeRecordCid":"2d46ff12-a0dd-45ed-9976-a4f0de9f9d79","documentId":"osft-doc-0050","id":"c169","text":"The distinction between redoing and practices aimed at enabling redoing clarifies what is to be done and for what purpose, facilitating researchers or stakeholders in navigating this conceptually confused territory.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"redoing/enabling-redoing distinction","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"T h i s  d i s t i n c t i o n  c l a r i f i e s  w h a t  i s  t o  b e  d o n e  ( t h e  p r a c t i c e )  a n d\nf o r  w h a t  p u r p o s e  ( t h e  f u n c t i o n ) ,  f a c i l i t a t i n g  r e s e a r c h e r s  o r  s t a k e h o l d e r s  i n  n a v i g a t i n g  t h i s  c o n c e p t u a l l y\nc o n f u s e d  t e r r i t o r y .","representedInStars":true}
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{"key":"osft-doc-0050/c172","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/931014edcf80407a","nativeRecordCid":"5039dfe1-a0a6-45dc-9ad5-ac9822d7ba95","documentId":"osft-doc-0050","id":"c172","text":"Reproducibility issues in Machine Learning-driven research mirror those in other fields, such as incomplete documentation, unavailability of code or data, and questionable research practices.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"reproducibility issues in ML research","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"S t u d y i n g  t h e  c a s e  o f  M a c h i n e  L e a r n i n g - d r i v e n  r e s e a r c h ,  w e  f o u n d  t h a t  w h i l e  s o m e  r e p r o d u c i b i l i t y\ni s s u e s  m i r r o r  t h o s e  i n  o t h e r  f i e l d s  ( e . g . ,  i n c o m p l e t e  d o c u m e n t a t i o n ,  u n a v a i l a b i l i t y  o f  c o d e  o r  d a t a ,\nq u e s t i o n a b l e  r e s e a r c h  p r a c t i c e s ) ,","representedInStars":false}
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{"key":"osft-doc-0050/c175","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/e6315e617fdc4c95","nativeRecordCid":"6a5d15c9-52ae-4a42-9659-414deeee9038","documentId":"osft-doc-0050","id":"c175","text":"Well-adapted, epistemically aligned interpretations of reproducibility and replicability can be meaningful in qualitative research.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"epistemically aligned reproducibility interpretations","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"H o w e v e r ,  w e l l - a d a p t e d ,\ne p i s t e m i c a l l y  a l i g n e d  i n t e r p r e t a t i o n s  c a n  b e  m e a n i n g f u l  ( C o l e  e t  a l . ,  2 0 2 4 ) .","representedInStars":true}
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{"key":"osft-doc-0050/c180","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/17743b0949a64674","nativeRecordCid":"67f27355-9cd6-48e7-9aa8-223f08431267","documentId":"osft-doc-0050","id":"c180","text":"The envisioned future research culture for reproducibility centres reproducibility in research practice and in training.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"envisioned future research culture","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"H a s  a  p a r t i c u l a r  r e s e a r c h  c u l t u r e  t h a t  p r i o r i t i s e s  q u a l i t y  o v e r  q u a n t i t y  a n d  c e n t r e s  r e p r o d u c i b i l i t y  i n\nr e s e a r c h  p r a c t i c e  a n d  i n  t r a i n i n g ;","representedInStars":true}
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{"key":"osft-doc-0050/c183","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/d01cf70905d4449f","nativeRecordCid":"3ed2f63e-b2a8-46d8-aeec-4523de2a99f6","documentId":"osft-doc-0050","id":"c183","text":"The envisioned future of reproducibility incentivises reproducible, open and collaborative practices by providing recognition, funding, and visibility for them, including alternative research outputs.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"envisioned future incentives for reproducibility","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"I n c e n t i v i s e s  r e p r o d u c i b l e ,  o p e n  a n d  c o l l a b o r a t i v e  p r a c t i c e s  b y  p r o v i d i n g  r e c o g n i t i o n  f o r  t h e m ,\nf u n d i n g  t h e m ,  a n d  m a k i n g  t h e m  v i s i b l e  ( t h e s e  i n c l u d e  a l t e r n a t i v e  r e s e a r c h  o u t p u t s ) ;","representedInStars":true}
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{"key":"osft-doc-0050/c186","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/31a4d2fe2c084abc","nativeRecordCid":"f326a1ff-bc4d-4265-b5bc-e01fd247639b","documentId":"osft-doc-0050","id":"c186","text":"In the envisioned future of reproducibility, sufficient resources are available to develop and maintain reproducibility infrastructure.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"resources for reproducibility infrastructure","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"H a s  i n f r a s t r u c t u r e  t h a t  i s  d e s i g n e d  f o r  e a s e  o f  u s e  w i t h  c l e a r  g u i d a n c e ,  p o l i c i e s  a n d  t r a i n i n g ,  h o s t s\nF A I R  a n d  o p e n  t o o l s  a n d  w o r k f l o w s ,  a n d  s u f f i c i e n t  r e s o u r c e s  a r e  a v a i l a b l e  t o  d e v e l o p  a n d  m a i n t a i n\ns u c h  i n f r a s t r u c t u r e .","representedInStars":true}
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{"key":"osft-doc-0050/c188","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/5a8bbe4871164e0d","nativeRecordCid":"1a8cf64b-2333-4873-bf32-a91ec2feccb2","documentId":"osft-doc-0050","id":"c188","text":"Reproducibility is inherently contextual.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"reproducibility","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"F i r s t l y ,  r e p r o d u c i b i l i t y  i s  i n h e r e n t l y  c o n t e x t u a l ,  a n d  i t s  r e l e v a n c e  a n d  f e a s i b i l i t y\nm u s t  n o t  b e  a s s u m e d .","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-0050/c189","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/6c8e400873964c97","nativeRecordCid":"3b16bb7f-1403-4041-b483-f2984570cf6d","documentId":"osft-doc-0050","id":"c189","text":"The relevance and feasibility of reproducibility for a given study must not be assumed.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"","subject":"relevance and feasibility of reproducibility","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"F i r s t l y ,  r e p r o d u c i b i l i t y  i s  i n h e r e n t l y  c o n t e x t u a l ,  a n d  i t s  r e l e v a n c e  a n d  f e a s i b i l i t y\nm u s t  n o t  b e  a s s u m e d .","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-0050/c190","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/ca70eafec9f34dcc","nativeRecordCid":"8720033f-81eb-477f-ac06-07e92382f6d7","documentId":"osft-doc-0050","id":"c190","text":"Improving reproducibility requires cultural change.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"","subject":"improving reproducibility","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"S e c o n d l y ,  i m p r o v i n g  r e p r o d u c i b i l i t y  r e q u i r e s  c u l t u r a l  c h a n g e ,  s h a r e d  n o r m s ,  a n d\nc a p a c i t y  b u i l d i n g ,  n o t  j u s t  i n f r a s t r u c t u r e s  o r  p o l i c i e s .","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-0050/c191","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/93f1beb284fa48f3","nativeRecordCid":"d9011252-1b57-41bb-ac46-69364fce4cff","documentId":"osft-doc-0050","id":"c191","text":"Improving reproducibility requires shared norms.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"","subject":"improving reproducibility","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"S e c o n d l y ,  i m p r o v i n g  r e p r o d u c i b i l i t y  r e q u i r e s  c u l t u r a l  c h a n g e ,  s h a r e d  n o r m s ,  a n d\nc a p a c i t y  b u i l d i n g ,  n o t  j u s t  i n f r a s t r u c t u r e s  o r  p o l i c i e s .","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-0050/c192","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/ab152b2ce6c04a08","nativeRecordCid":"747b9bfd-5dc9-47e7-932e-49b08e304e86","documentId":"osft-doc-0050","id":"c192","text":"Improving reproducibility requires capacity building, not just infrastructures or policies.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"","subject":"improving reproducibility","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"S e c o n d l y ,  i m p r o v i n g  r e p r o d u c i b i l i t y  r e q u i r e s  c u l t u r a l  c h a n g e ,  s h a r e d  n o r m s ,  a n d\nc a p a c i t y  b u i l d i n g ,  n o t  j u s t  i n f r a s t r u c t u r e s  o r  p o l i c i e s .","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-0050/c193","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/3dcbdc493cab4480","nativeRecordCid":"e9154e88-e95d-4b1d-88de-1ac205578f26","documentId":"osft-doc-0050","id":"c193","text":"Research communities are best placed to lead development of reproducibility standards suited to their own epistemic contexts.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"research communities","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"T h i r d ,  w e  e m p h a s i s e  t h e  e s s e n t i a l  r o l e  o f  r e s e a r c h\nc o m m u n i t i e s ,  w h o  a r e  b e s t  p l a c e d  t o  l e a d  d e v e l o p m e n t  o f  r e p r o d u c i b i l i t y  s t a n d a r d s  s u i t e d  t o  t h e i r  o w n\ne p i s t e m i c  c o n t e x t s .","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-0050/c194","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/d85624d5d45845c6","nativeRecordCid":"ae0e7711-e67a-4d74-99cf-487612e04dc3","documentId":"osft-doc-0050","id":"c194","text":"Early-stage planning to embed reproducibility into research design is advisable.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"","subject":"early-stage reproducibility planning","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"F o u r t h ,  e a r l y - s t a g e  p l a n n i n g  t o  e m b e d  r e p r o d u c i b i l i t y  i n t o  r e s e a r c h  d e s i g n  i s\na d v i s a b l e ,  a n d  c a n  h e a v i l y  r e d u c e  d o w n s t r e a m  w o r k .","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-0050/c195","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/b907784db3614afb","nativeRecordCid":"dbdd7e34-0500-45ae-82b3-2168a3bfae86","documentId":"osft-doc-0050","id":"c195","text":"Early-stage planning to embed reproducibility into research design can heavily reduce downstream work.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"early-stage reproducibility planning","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"F o u r t h ,  e a r l y - s t a g e  p l a n n i n g  t o  e m b e d  r e p r o d u c i b i l i t y  i n t o  r e s e a r c h  d e s i g n  i s\na d v i s a b l e ,  a n d  c a n  h e a v i l y  r e d u c e  d o w n s t r e a m  w o r k .","representedInStars":true}
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{"key":"osft-doc-0068/c27","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/d6bc9daa60a84112","nativeRecordCid":"38eaa1c3-ba10-4cc6-9ff3-ce811bdcc4ad","documentId":"osft-doc-0068","id":"c27","text":"Open science is an inclusive construct that combines various movements and practices aiming to make multilingual scientific knowledge openly available, accessible and reusable for everyone.","kind":"definitional","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"open science (definition)","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"to make multilingual scientific knowledge openly available,\naccessible and reusable for everyone,","representedInStars":true}
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{"key":"osft-doc-0068/c29","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/00cfc13ace564065","nativeRecordCid":"c967e1b7-8241-4aef-b0fa-2d2235a70be1","documentId":"osft-doc-0068","id":"c29","text":"Open science is an inclusive construct that combines various movements and practices aiming to open the processes of scientific knowledge creation, evaluation and communication to societal actors beyond the traditional scientific community.","kind":"definitional","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"open science (definition)","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"to open the processes of scientific knowledge creation, evaluation and\ncommunication to societal actors beyond the traditional scientific\ncommunity.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-0068/c30","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/98561123f2364d7f","nativeRecordCid":"1d649d17-5613-4e2c-bd12-cbf221b6e917","documentId":"osft-doc-0068","id":"c30","text":"Open science comprises all scientific disciplines and aspects of scholarly practices, including basic and applied sciences, natural and social sciences and the humanities.","kind":"definitional","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"open science (definition)","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"It comprises all scientific disciplines and aspects of scholarly practices,\nincluding basic and applied sciences, natural and social sciences and the\nhumanities, and","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-0068/c31","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/c791e496412a4638","nativeRecordCid":"42af0589-edf6-4d2d-be6b-0705192528a5","documentId":"osft-doc-0068","id":"c31","text":"Open science builds on the pillar of open scientific knowledge.","kind":"definitional","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"open science (pillars)","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"it builds on the following key pillars: open scientific knowledge, open\nscience infrastructures, science communication, open engagement of\nsocietal actors and open dialogue with other knowledge systems.”","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-0068/c32","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/9cfc3ce0ef844f79","nativeRecordCid":"11d58ac6-6251-4009-a01c-946d03b3c886","documentId":"osft-doc-0068","id":"c32","text":"Open science builds on the pillar of open science infrastructures.","kind":"definitional","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"open science (pillars)","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"it builds on the following key pillars: open scientific knowledge, open\nscience infrastructures, science communication, open engagement of\nsocietal actors and open dialogue with other knowledge systems.”","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-0068/c33","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/c859e1c07fa54b6a","nativeRecordCid":"7a441080-ce9e-4e9e-b761-2528e79bd489","documentId":"osft-doc-0068","id":"c33","text":"Open science builds on the pillar of science communication.","kind":"definitional","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"open science (pillars)","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"it builds on the following key pillars: open scientific knowledge, open\nscience infrastructures, science communication, open engagement of\nsocietal actors and open dialogue with other knowledge systems.”","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-0068/c34","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/1dafa9babdcf4a1a","nativeRecordCid":"8a705a43-f843-4409-b558-c0696f211713","documentId":"osft-doc-0068","id":"c34","text":"Open science builds on the pillar of open engagement of societal actors.","kind":"definitional","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"open science (pillars)","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"it builds on the following key pillars: open scientific knowledge, open\nscience infrastructures, science communication, open engagement of\nsocietal actors and open dialogue with other knowledge systems.”","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-0068/c35","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/5695b8ac05c84d2f","nativeRecordCid":"5c2bd142-dc71-4d80-ae92-d25c39d278df","documentId":"osft-doc-0068","id":"c35","text":"Open science builds on the pillar of open dialogue with other knowledge systems.","kind":"definitional","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"open science (pillars)","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"it builds on the following key pillars: open scientific knowledge, open\nscience infrastructures, science communication, open engagement of\nsocietal actors and open dialogue with other knowledge systems.”","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-0068/c36","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/71b85b5a07dd4235","nativeRecordCid":"ab9d247c-7752-4ff8-9085-16196c0af4e1","documentId":"osft-doc-0068","id":"c36","text":"Member States should develop or encourage policy environments, including at the institutional, national, regional and international levels, that support operationalization of open science.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"Member States","subject":"open science policy environments","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"should develop or encourage policy\nenvironments, including those at the institutional, national, regional and\ninternational levels that support operationalization of open science and effective\nimplementation of open science practices, including policies to incentivize open\nscience practices among researchers.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-0068/c37","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/3b38cd4e82674ba6","nativeRecordCid":"131d6a53-909d-4482-b3ca-29951106a6eb","documentId":"osft-doc-0068","id":"c37","text":"Member States should develop or encourage policy environments, including at the institutional, national, regional and international levels, that support effective implementation of open science practices.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"Member States","subject":"open science policy environments","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"should develop or encourage policy\nenvironments, including those at the institutional, national, regional and\ninternational levels that support operationalization of open science and effective\nimplementation of open science practices, including policies to incentivize open\nscience practices among researchers.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-0068/c38","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/71921de279de419a","nativeRecordCid":"c2942562-3b29-4126-bc6a-c40c7b6ef57d","documentId":"osft-doc-0068","id":"c38","text":"Member States should develop or encourage policies to incentivize open science practices among researchers.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"Member States","subject":"policies to incentivize open science practices","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"should develop or encourage policy\nenvironments, including those at the institutional, national, regional and\ninternational levels that support operationalization of open science and effective\nimplementation of open science practices, including policies to incentivize open\nscience practices among researchers.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-0068/c39","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/80b5bf367f724b4f","nativeRecordCid":"ce8f1378-2c01-417c-a928-d3f98646e59e","documentId":"osft-doc-0068","id":"c39","text":"Member States should develop effective institutional and national open science policies and legal frameworks that are consistent with existing international and regional law and are in line with the definition, values and principles as well as actions outlined in the Recommendation.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"Member States","subject":"institutional and national open science policies","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Developing effective institutional and national open science policies and legal\nframeworks that are consistent with existing international and regional law and\nare in line with the definition, values and principles as well as actions outlined\nin this Recommendation.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-0068/c40","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/414182c356ea40f5","nativeRecordCid":"244ecd36-0e15-4567-b9e2-77f726dda7d1","documentId":"osft-doc-0068","id":"c40","text":"Member States should align open science policies, strategies and actions from individual institutions to local and international levels, while respecting the diversity of open science approaches.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"Member States","subject":"alignment of open science policies","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Aligning open science policies, strategies and actions from individual\ninstitutions to local and international levels, while respecting the diversity of\nopen science approaches.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-0068/c41","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/f3a3c8dedc37437c","nativeRecordCid":"b5d35e28-169a-477b-ac23-ef15c3e83a0f","documentId":"osft-doc-0068","id":"c41","text":"Member States should mainstream gender equality aspects into open science policies, strategies and practices.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"Member States","subject":"gender equality in open science policy","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Mainstreaming gender equality aspects into open sciences policies,\nstrategies and practices.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-0068/c42","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/4feab8007f1f4d6e","nativeRecordCid":"c34f3d9c-865b-40fe-b9b9-dea283cff027","documentId":"osft-doc-0068","id":"c42","text":"Research-performing institutions, particularly those in receipt of public funds, should implement policies and strategies for open science.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"research-performing institutions, particularly those in receipt of public funds","subject":"research-performing institutions' open science policies","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Encouraging research-performing institutions, particularly those in receipt\nof public funds, to implement policies and strategies for open science.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-0068/c43","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/a05ecece72814297","nativeRecordCid":"391cfe0d-e5f3-44d2-ae24-fddcfbb8b6c9","documentId":"osft-doc-0068","id":"c43","text":"Research-performing institutions, universities, scientific unions and associations, and learned societies should adopt statements of principle in line with the Recommendation to encourage open science practice, in coordination with national science academies, associations of early-career researchers, and the International Science Council.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"research-performing institutions, universities, scientific unions and associations, and learned societies","subject":"statements of principle on open science","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Encouraging research-performing institutions, universities, scientific unions\nand associations, and learned societies to adopt statements of principle in\nline with this Recommendation to encourage open science practice in\ncoordination with national science academies, associations of early -career\nresearchers such as young academies and the International Science\nCouncil (ISC).","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-0068/c44","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/cba1012442fc4de8","nativeRecordCid":"740e549e-accc-48b6-a372-b52c2160e236","documentId":"osft-doc-0068","id":"c44","text":"Member States should enhance the inclusion of citizen and participatory science as integral parts of open science policies and practices at the national, institutional and funder levels.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"Member States","subject":"citizen and participatory science inclusion","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Enhancing the inclusion of citizen and participatory science as integral\nparts of open science policies and practices at the national, institutional\nand funder levels.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-0068/c45","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/213bca8dcdc443d9","nativeRecordCid":"80bf36c1-5d0a-420e-a2a9-6635ad17ba88","documentId":"osft-doc-0068","id":"c45","text":"Member States should design models that allow co-production of knowledge with multiple actors.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"Member States","subject":"co-production of knowledge models","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Designing models that allow co-production of knowledge with multiple\nactors and establishing guidelines to ensure the recognition of\nnonscientific collaborations.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-0068/c46","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/c334175ff3c749a5","nativeRecordCid":"2bdd922c-4613-42b6-88d3-1785a46a1fd7","documentId":"osft-doc-0068","id":"c46","text":"Member States should establish guidelines to ensure the recognition of nonscientific collaborations.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"Member States","subject":"recognition of nonscientific collaborations","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Designing models that allow co-production of knowledge with multiple\nactors and establishing guidelines to ensure the recognition of\nnonscientific collaborations.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-0068/c47","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/493342c2fcc4442a","nativeRecordCid":"183b3ec1-11c2-4ddb-8ef5-662e73496d35","documentId":"osft-doc-0068","id":"c47","text":"Responsible research and researcher evaluation and assessment practices should incentivize quality science.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"research evaluation and assessment practices","subject":"research evaluation and assessment practices","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Encouraging responsible research and researcher evaluation and assessment\npractices, which incentivize quality science, recognizing the diversity of\nresearch outputs, activities and missions.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-0068/c48","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/28ebe47424f94bbb","nativeRecordCid":"dcf35443-4877-4e06-9166-583dc4da9583","documentId":"osft-doc-0068","id":"c48","text":"Responsible research and researcher evaluation and assessment practices should recognize the diversity of research outputs, activities and missions.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"research evaluation and assessment practices","subject":"research evaluation and assessment practices","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Encouraging responsible research and researcher evaluation and assessment\npractices, which incentivize quality science, recognizing the diversity of\nresearch outputs, activities and missions.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-0068/c49","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/7c10d4754b6e454b","nativeRecordCid":"74717c6e-cbac-4d9e-9234-f833cfb1115f","documentId":"osft-doc-0068","id":"c49","text":"Member States should foster equitable public-private partnerships for open science and engage the private sector in open science, provided that there is appropriate certification and regulation to prevent vendor lock-in, predatory behaviour and unfair or inequitable extraction of profit from publicly funded scientific activities.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"Member States","subject":"public-private partnerships for open science","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Fostering equitable public-private partnerships for open science and engaging\nthe private sector in open science, provided that there is appropriate\ncertification and regulation to prevent vendor lock-in, predatory behaviour and\nunfair and/or inequitable extraction of profit from publicly funded scientific\nactivities.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-0068/c50","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/616c857ee3514df5","nativeRecordCid":"c65a9d06-1957-4c3f-91c7-dfcceac9929c","documentId":"osft-doc-0068","id":"c50","text":"Member States should ensure that the market for services relating to science and open science functions in the global and public interest.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"Member States","subject":"market for science and open science services","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Given the public interest in open science and the role of public\nfunding, Member States should ensure that the market for services, relating to\nscience and open science, functions in the global and public interest and\nwithout market dominance on the part of any commercial entity.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-0068/c51","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/bafa48c5414940a2","nativeRecordCid":"8c1058b3-80e6-444b-89ca-03f24b3f83a9","documentId":"osft-doc-0068","id":"c51","text":"Member States should ensure that the market for services relating to science and open science functions without market dominance on the part of any commercial entity.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"Member States","subject":"market for science and open science services","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Given the public interest in open science and the role of public\nfunding, Member States should ensure that the market for services, relating to\nscience and open science, functions in the global and public interest and\nwithout market dominance on the part of any commercial entity.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0068/c52","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/d19cfd025e6d4417","nativeRecordCid":"8c9b652d-5488-4394-b56d-5f946df6bcb1","documentId":"osft-doc-0068","id":"c52","text":"Member States should design, implement and monitor funding and investment policies and strategies for science based on the core values and principles of open science.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"Member States","subject":"funding and investment policies for science","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Designing, implementing and monitoring funding and investment policies and\nstrategies for science based on the core values and principles of open science.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-0068/c53","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/8e9eee85e3e94258","nativeRecordCid":"8c2113d9-bdfe-442b-bfb4-d9660892204f","documentId":"osft-doc-0068","id":"c53","text":"Costs associated with operationalization of open science relate to the support of open science research, publishing, data and coding practices.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"costs of operationalizing open science","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The costs associated with operationalization of open science relate to the\nsupport of open science research, publishing, data and coding practices, the\ndevelopment and adoption of open science infrastructures and services,\ncapacity building of all actors and innovative, highly collaborative and\nparticipatory approaches to the scientific enterprise","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-0068/c54","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/8798e35b2e2f4029","nativeRecordCid":"cbaac13e-0e9c-4792-bd93-d9dc9d0e4292","documentId":"osft-doc-0068","id":"c54","text":"Costs associated with operationalization of open science relate to the development and adoption of open science infrastructures and services.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"costs of operationalizing open science","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The costs associated with operationalization of open science relate to the\nsupport of open science research, publishing, data and coding practices, the\ndevelopment and adoption of open science infrastructures and services,\ncapacity building of all actors and innovative, highly collaborative and\nparticipatory approaches to the scientific enterprise","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-0068/c55","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/f5a5e3f6331c4f96","nativeRecordCid":"a989801c-ca7f-4197-9468-b92a09351d06","documentId":"osft-doc-0068","id":"c55","text":"Costs associated with operationalization of open science relate to capacity building of all actors.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"costs of operationalizing open science","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The costs associated with operationalization of open science relate to the\nsupport of open science research, publishing, data and coding practices, the\ndevelopment and adoption of open science infrastructures and services,\ncapacity building of all actors and innovative, highly collaborative and\nparticipatory approaches to the scientific enterprise","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-0068/c56","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/7570b826ccf04245","nativeRecordCid":"053f1a2a-ae28-493a-a8d7-311d6117510c","documentId":"osft-doc-0068","id":"c56","text":"Costs associated with operationalization of open science relate to innovative, highly collaborative and participatory approaches to the scientific enterprise.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"costs of operationalizing open science","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The costs associated with operationalization of open science relate to the\nsupport of open science research, publishing, data and coding practices, the\ndevelopment and adoption of open science infrastructures and services,\ncapacity building of all actors and innovative, highly collaborative and\nparticipatory approaches to the scientific enterprise","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-0084/c1","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/7220bbe622de4714","nativeRecordCid":"ef7978c2-744e-4ea8-ad55-7d205f284f8d","documentId":"osft-doc-0084","id":"c1","text":"Large-scale collaborative research should be adopted to increase the proportion of true research findings.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"","subject":"large-scale collaborative research","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Research practices to increase the proportion of true findings\nLarge-scale collaborative research\nAdoption of replication culture and reproducibility practices\nRegistration (studies, protocols, analysis codes, datasets, raw data)\nSharing (data, protocols, materials, software, and other tools)\nContainment of conflicted sponsors and authors\nMore appropriate statistical methods\nStandardization of definitions and analyses\nMore stringent thresholds for claiming discoveries or ‘‘successes’’\nImprovement of study design standards\nImprovements in peer review, reporting, and dissemination of research\nBetter training of scientific workforce in methods and statistical literacy","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0084/c2","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/9c0ca05a70d940a1","nativeRecordCid":"1f103b83-8b02-48e8-9a2f-420d122cf8f0","documentId":"osft-doc-0084","id":"c2","text":"Adoption of a replication culture and reproducibility practices should be pursued to increase the proportion of true research findings.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"","subject":"replication culture and reproducibility practices","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Research practices to increase the proportion of true findings\nLarge-scale collaborative research\nAdoption of replication culture and reproducibility practices\nRegistration (studies, protocols, analysis codes, datasets, raw data)\nSharing (data, protocols, materials, software, and other tools)\nContainment of conflicted sponsors and authors\nMore appropriate statistical methods\nStandardization of definitions and analyses\nMore stringent thresholds for claiming discoveries or ‘‘successes’’\nImprovement of study design standards\nImprovements in peer review, reporting, and dissemination of research\nBetter training of scientific workforce in methods and statistical literacy","representedInStars":false}
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{"key":"osft-doc-0105/c16","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/c0034e6eaa564620","nativeRecordCid":"7fded5c1-4400-411f-9afa-7721a0b50334","documentId":"osft-doc-0105","id":"c16","text":"Where appropriate, DDAA employees must ensure that differing interpretations of research and scientific evidence are made explicit and accurately represented.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"DDAA employees","subject":"differing interpretations","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"6.6. Encourage discussion based on differing interpretations of research and scientific evidence as a legitimate and necessary part of the research and scientific processes and, where appropriate, ensure that these differences are made explicit and accurately represented.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0105/c17","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/979b2c8e7e6f4bba","nativeRecordCid":"bbf1183e-fbed-4f4d-9cf2-25468c39ac37","documentId":"osft-doc-0105","id":"c17","text":"DDAA employees must ensure that the significant and meaningful contribution of researchers and scientists to government programs, policies, regulations, and decision-making is acknowledged in official publications or communications, including the names and roles of those who made significant contributions.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"DDAA employees","subject":"acknowledgment of researcher contributions","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"6.7. Ensure that the significant and meaningful contribution of researchers and scientists to government programs, policies, regulations, and decision-making is acknowledged in official publications or communications, including the names and roles of those who made significant contributions to these products and activities.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0105/c18","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/d577363555b9436b","nativeRecordCid":"f1272467-23a3-45a0-8d79-ac748a4fd319","documentId":"osft-doc-0105","id":"c18","text":"DDAA employees must report any breach of the scientific integrity principles to their supervisor, manager or designated official.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"DDAA employees","subject":"reporting breaches of scientific integrity","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"6.8. Report any breach of these principles (i.e. a breach of scientific integrity) to their supervisor, manager or designated official.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0105/c19","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/fb1d74fc0fa94714","nativeRecordCid":"277263ec-b4ac-4caa-88c8-27911ef7f97e","documentId":"osft-doc-0105","id":"c19","text":"Research networking with national and international peers and active participation in the business and organization of relevant scientific and professional societies form an important part of ensuring scientists and researchers understand and are held to the standards of their communities.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"research networking and professional participation","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"7.2.1.1. DDAA recognizes the importance of research networking with national and international peers and active participation in the business and organization of relevant scientific and professional societies, which form an important part of ensuring scientists and researchers understand and are held to the standards of their communities.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0105/c20","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/b226c8d8f4e24d6d","nativeRecordCid":"614ccf11-10e2-4cbc-8989-8434c2e6812d","documentId":"osft-doc-0105","id":"c20","text":"The virtues underlying scientific excellence, including intellectual curiosity and honesty, constructive skepticism, meticulousness, avoidance of bias, humility in the discovery and use of science evidence, and the limitations of scientific inquiry, are important.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"virtues underlying scientific excellence","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"7.2.1.2. DDAA recognizes the importance of the virtues underlying scientific excellence, including intellectual curiosity and honesty, constructive skepticism, meticulousness, avoidance of bias, humility in the discovery and use of science evidence, and the limitations of scientific inquiry.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0105/c21","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/2eecb5a36124446e","nativeRecordCid":"62978736-1ee7-4854-a5f3-46d51f35c832","documentId":"osft-doc-0105","id":"c21","text":"Employees at all levels must seek to resolve alleged breaches of scientific integrity in a fair and respectful manner.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"employees","subject":"resolving alleged breaches","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"7.2.2.1. In cases of alleged breaches of scientific integrity, employees at all levels shall seek to resolve the issue in a fair and respectful manner and consider informal processes such as dialogue or mediation.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0105/c22","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/e23959571ba1446f","nativeRecordCid":"c69fa4cb-e8e1-44ba-84bf-072341073267","documentId":"osft-doc-0105","id":"c22","text":"Employees at all levels must consider informal processes such as dialogue or mediation to resolve alleged breaches of scientific integrity.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"employees","subject":"informal resolution processes","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"7.2.2.1. In cases of alleged breaches of scientific integrity, employees at all levels shall seek to resolve the issue in a fair and respectful manner and consider informal processes such as dialogue or mediation.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0105/c23","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/e38468ae903f4c75","nativeRecordCid":"b25f585c-cfaa-48c2-acaa-90f4978bbe03","documentId":"osft-doc-0105","id":"c23","text":"Employees should discuss and resolve alleged breaches of scientific integrity with their immediate supervisor.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"employees","subject":"resolving matters with supervisor","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"In such cases, employees are encouraged to discuss and resolve these matters with their immediate supervisor.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0105/c24","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/6910a81d4f1a4226","nativeRecordCid":"2ac0f8df-8e02-44ae-b267-453b8b384bef","documentId":"osft-doc-0105","id":"c24","text":"Employees may seek advice and support from other appropriate sources within DDAA regarding alleged breaches of scientific integrity.","kind":"normative","modality":"may","actor":"employees","subject":"seeking advice within DDAA","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"They can also seek advice and support from other appropriate sources within DDAA.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0105/c25","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/84636f08f44847fe","nativeRecordCid":"616ccdfb-dd28-4485-80bc-0353ba614923","documentId":"osft-doc-0105","id":"c25","text":"Alleged breaches of this Policy must be promptly and thoroughly reviewed and investigated by DDAA.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"DDAA","subject":"investigation of alleged breaches","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"7.2.2.3. The Science Integrity Lead will ensure that alleged breaches of this Policy shall be promptly and thoroughly reviewed and investigated by the DDAA.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0105/c26","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/3d759754735146a7","nativeRecordCid":"6bdcc13d-d6ab-4cb3-b4c7-708c64402f25","documentId":"osft-doc-0105","id":"c26","text":"Employees may bring forward, in good faith, allegations of breach of scientific integrity without prejudice or fear of reprisal.","kind":"normative","modality":"may","actor":"employees","subject":"bringing forward allegations","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"7.2.2.4. DDAA will endeavor to protect personal information and otherwise provide safeguards to ensure that employees may bring forward, in good faith, allegations of breach of scientific integrity or participate in an investigation procedure without prejudice or fear of reprisal.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0105/c27","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/a0be6cff95964e91","nativeRecordCid":"e4b09395-d90d-4a41-a558-587bcb9cbc78","documentId":"osft-doc-0105","id":"c27","text":"Employees may participate in an investigation procedure regarding an allegation of breach of scientific integrity without prejudice or fear of reprisal.","kind":"normative","modality":"may","actor":"employees","subject":"participating in investigations","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"7.2.2.4. DDAA will endeavor to protect personal information and otherwise provide safeguards to ensure that employees may bring forward, in good faith, allegations of breach of scientific integrity or participate in an investigation procedure without prejudice or fear of reprisal.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0105/c28","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/e482915c888f4a16","nativeRecordCid":"6816c2ed-ab83-4a5a-8a32-45a362eb92b6","documentId":"osft-doc-0105","id":"c28","text":"Public servants who have information that could indicate a serious breach of the Values and Ethics Code for the Public Sector may avail themselves of the procedures laid out in the Public Servants Disclosure Protection Act.","kind":"normative","modality":"may","actor":"public servants","subject":"disclosure procedures","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"they can avail themselves of the procedures laid out in the","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0105/c29","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/ab01e8ca17cf4c9c","nativeRecordCid":"e91103a9-b041-49c1-bb07-e527e6b6701b","documentId":"osft-doc-0105","id":"c29","text":"Openness and transparency about all elements of the research and scientific process are important.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"openness and transparency","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"DDAA recognizes and understands the importance of openness and transparency about all elements of the research and scientific process as well as the timely release of scientific and research information.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-0105/c30","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/48f8a768fceb4702","nativeRecordCid":"a087443c-0777-4605-a042-4036d730177a","documentId":"osft-doc-0105","id":"c30","text":"The timely release of scientific and research information is important.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"timely release of information","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"DDAA recognizes and understands the importance of openness and transparency about all elements of the research and scientific process as well as the timely release of scientific and research information.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0105/c31","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/8b89c86afbda4ee0","nativeRecordCid":"0f6dfcdd-8596-45e4-8226-ba967d0cc5e7","documentId":"osft-doc-0105","id":"c31","text":"There may be legitimate and compelling reasons that limit the disclosure or availability of research or scientific information to employees, stakeholders or the public.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"limits on disclosure of information","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"It nonetheless also recognizes that there may be legitimate and compelling reasons that may limit the disclosure or availability of research or scientific information to employees, stakeholders or the public.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0105/c32","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/df2b7d3e59014af6","nativeRecordCid":"869f6782-8ac3-4c44-8cbb-0e571b6aa042","documentId":"osft-doc-0105","id":"c32","text":"No DDAA employee may suppress, alter or otherwise impede the timely release of research or scientific information in the absence of clear and compelling reasons for doing so.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"DDAA employees","subject":"suppression of research information","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"7.3.3. No DDAA employee shall suppress, alter or otherwise impede the timely release of research or scientific information in the absence of clear and compelling reasons for doing so.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0105/c33","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/aafa1cca08cc493a","nativeRecordCid":"2a87675e-f850-4672-826c-f8d2d788a2e8","documentId":"osft-doc-0105","id":"c33","text":"DDAA employees must ensure that research and scientific information is produced and disseminated in a timely and transparent manner in the absence of clear and compelling reasons for not doing so.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"DDAA employees","subject":"timely and transparent dissemination","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"7.3.4. DDAA employees shall ensure that research and scientific information (including that produced by contractors, grantees, or other partners who participate in, or assist with, the design, conduct, use or management of research, science or related activities) is produced and disseminated in a timely and transparent manner, in the absence of clear and compelling reasons for not doing so.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0105/c34","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/76eb734224d941d9","nativeRecordCid":"5cf231f2-0c46-49c5-8670-80a5febca61d","documentId":"osft-doc-0105","id":"c34","text":"Researchers and scientists have an important role in communicating research and scientific information to the public.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"role of researchers in public communication","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"It also recognizes the important role of researchers and scientists in communicating research and scientific information to the public.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0105/c35","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/62a2dc0803fd44d1","nativeRecordCid":"7ba10e3f-c4e3-4306-a84d-3dcd5af73a30","documentId":"osft-doc-0105","id":"c35","text":"All employees, including scientists and researchers, as public servants must comply with the Values and Ethics Code for the Public Sector.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"employees","subject":"compliance with Values and Ethics Code","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Moreover, DDAA recognizes that as public servants, scientists, researchers and indeed all employees are subject to the","representedInStars":false}
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{"key":"osft-doc-0105/c37","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/54976267e8cb4896","nativeRecordCid":"79f49d35-de97-4052-966b-cce169b48288","documentId":"osft-doc-0105","id":"c37","text":"There are existing legal constraints on information disclosure.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"legal constraints on disclosure","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"It further recognizes the need for caution and prudence in the public communication of classified or sensitive scientific or research information, as well as existing legal constraints on information disclosure.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0105/c38","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/280b0e4a47ce487f","nativeRecordCid":"220993fd-b0ac-4b93-8992-299cd7d5eff1","documentId":"osft-doc-0105","id":"c38","text":"Effective public communication requires certain skills.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"","subject":"effective public communication","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Finally, DDAA recognizes that effective public communication requires certain skills, and that researchers and scientists may have different degrees of comfort with public fora.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-0105/c39","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/fd21066ac60a4b49","nativeRecordCid":"72c7c1e8-5329-4c43-805c-bb24ee6c1216","documentId":"osft-doc-0105","id":"c39","text":"Researchers and scientists may have different degrees of comfort with public fora.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"comfort with public fora","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Finally, DDAA recognizes that effective public communication requires certain skills, and that researchers and scientists may have different degrees of comfort with public fora.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0105/c40","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/646b083863bf4b5e","nativeRecordCid":"a3d0d77c-ac7a-4d32-ba73-c5a8e728b826","documentId":"osft-doc-0105","id":"c40","text":"Researchers and scientists have the right to speak about or otherwise express themselves on science and their research without approval or pre-approval and without being designated as an official spokesperson.","kind":"normative","modality":"may","actor":"researchers and scientists","subject":"right to speak freely","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"shall have the right, and are encouraged, to speak about or otherwise express themselves on science and their research without approval or pre-approval and without being designated as an official spokesperson.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0105/c41","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/755ce98f3ded49dd","nativeRecordCid":"4a45caec-4be7-4721-814a-e4d32c0c36e0","documentId":"osft-doc-0105","id":"c41","text":"Researchers and scientists are encouraged to speak about or otherwise express themselves on science and their research.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"researchers and scientists","subject":"speaking about research","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"shall have the right, and are encouraged, to speak about or otherwise express themselves on science and their research without approval or pre-approval and without being designated as an official spokesperson.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0105/c42","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/ffc939e6d68a49a2","nativeRecordCid":"0f29cc95-3b8a-4321-9151-c6186f7579f8","documentId":"osft-doc-0105","id":"c42","text":"Researchers and scientists must respect the information disclosure provisions of the Access to Information Act and the Values and Ethics Code for the Public Sector when speaking about or expressing themselves on science and their research.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"researchers and scientists","subject":"compliance when speaking publicly","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"In doing so, they must respect the information disclosure provisions of the","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0105/c43","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/9d9cad529a80458b","nativeRecordCid":"d99ff7d8-6486-46f6-b8f2-54050662c5ad","documentId":"osft-doc-0105","id":"c43","text":"Employees must be familiar with and respect any legal restrictions on information disclosure such as privacy rights, matters before the courts, and cabinet confidences.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"employees","subject":"legal restrictions on disclosure","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"7.4.2. In any public communications, employees must be familiar with and respect any legal restrictions on information disclosure such as privacy rights, matters before the courts, and cabinet confidences.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0105/c44","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/09827b55d78946ac","nativeRecordCid":"e8ac1a15-3ed5-4519-a35d-e8fe00b86115","documentId":"osft-doc-0105","id":"c44","text":"Classified or sensitive research or scientific information must not be discussed in any public communication unless explicit approval has been given by supervisors or managers.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"employees","subject":"discussion of classified information","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Unless explicit approval to do so has been given by supervisors or managers, classified or sensitive research or scientific information shall not be discussed in any public communication.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0105/c45","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/33749c34f78046d5","nativeRecordCid":"359f7914-6a16-4248-a7ec-cbb80c086d33","documentId":"osft-doc-0105","id":"c45","text":"Employees should notify their supervisor/manager of upcoming planned formal public communication events with sufficiently long lead times.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"employees","subject":"notifying supervisor of planned events","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"7.4.3. In the case of planned formal public communication events with sufficiently long lead times (e.g. public talks or lectures), employees should notify their supervisor/manager of the upcoming event and provide a copy of their communication material for information purposes only and without prejudice.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0105/c46","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/18d1402ff35c41ca","nativeRecordCid":"610e8830-9767-4cb1-9174-d344c4274c0c","documentId":"osft-doc-0105","id":"c46","text":"Employees should provide a copy of their communication material for planned formal public communication events with sufficiently long lead times, for information purposes only and without prejudice.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"employees","subject":"providing communication material","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"7.4.3. In the case of planned formal public communication events with sufficiently long lead times (e.g. public talks or lectures), employees should notify their supervisor/manager of the upcoming event and provide a copy of their communication material for information purposes only and without prejudice.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0105/c47","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/d1db3468738b442c","nativeRecordCid":"ee278b04-1bfc-4f0b-b789-9a16d53d300d","documentId":"osft-doc-0105","id":"c47","text":"Employees should notify their supervisor/manager as soon as possible after formal public communication events with short lead times, for information purposes only and without prejudice.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"employees","subject":"notifying supervisor after short-lead events","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"7.4.4. In the case of formal public communication events with short lead times (e.g. media interviews) that effectively preclude prior notification, employees should notify their supervisor/manager as soon as possible after the event for information purposes only and without prejudice.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0105/c48","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/877cf12a516b4ec4","nativeRecordCid":"6220305e-5ebc-4735-a3ca-5cbebd32eb52","documentId":"osft-doc-0105","id":"c48","text":"Researchers and scientists may decline to act as public DDAA subject matter experts or appear in public fora, without prejudice, unless explicitly given this task by management.","kind":"normative","modality":"may","actor":"researchers and scientists","subject":"declining spokesperson role","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"7.4.6. Researchers and scientists are under no obligation to act as public DDAA subject matter experts or appear in public fora, and may decline any such invitation or request without prejudice, unless explicitly given this task by management.","representedInStars":false}
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{"key":"osft-doc-0105/c54","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/2fe473e2726847cb","nativeRecordCid":"98247dcb-c02d-4d83-99d5-6f3bf0e5521c","documentId":"osft-doc-0105","id":"c54","text":"Where a researcher or scientist is speaking in the role of an official spokesperson, they must identify themselves by name and position.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"researcher or scientist acting as official spokesperson","subject":"identification as spokesperson","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"7.4.9. Where a researcher or scientist is speaking in the role of an official spokesperson, they must identify themselves by name and position and speak on the record for public attribution.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0105/c55","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/a863cf9caf7041c4","nativeRecordCid":"d3347b2b-544b-414c-86a3-1d72bac196c9","documentId":"osft-doc-0105","id":"c55","text":"Where a researcher or scientist is speaking in the role of an official spokesperson, they must speak on the record for public attribution.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"researcher or scientist acting as official spokesperson","subject":"speaking on the record","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"7.4.9. Where a researcher or scientist is speaking in the role of an official spokesperson, they must identify themselves by name and position and speak on the record for public attribution.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0105/c56","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/3917db8949234904","nativeRecordCid":"f0f4c472-68eb-4537-8572-d7a859f5287b","documentId":"osft-doc-0105","id":"c56","text":"Communication among researchers and scientists is critical to the development of scientific and scholarly knowledge.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"communication among researchers","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"DDAA recognizes that communication among researchers and scientists is critical to the development of scientific and scholarly knowledge.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0105/c57","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/7d251a75a0af4353","nativeRecordCid":"770cc9bf-f400-42ad-a255-99f33129baf2","documentId":"osft-doc-0105","id":"c57","text":"DDAA's researchers and scientists are part of a global community of scientific and scholarly expertise.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"DDAA researchers and scientists","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Moreover DDAA recognizes that its researchers and scientists are part of a global community of scientific and scholarly expertise, their contribution to which is critical to maintaining and enhancing the credibility and reputation of DDAA experts, the reputation and credibility of DDAA, and the contribution of DDAA to the knowledge economy.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0105/c58","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/7c92f78098634fbc","nativeRecordCid":"3f2c642b-d42b-41c6-bd7c-9c7b00ff7a96","documentId":"osft-doc-0105","id":"c58","text":"The contribution of DDAA's researchers and scientists to the global community of scientific and scholarly expertise is critical to maintaining and enhancing the credibility and reputation of DDAA experts.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"contribution to DDAA expert credibility","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Moreover DDAA recognizes that its researchers and scientists are part of a global community of scientific and scholarly expertise, their contribution to which is critical to maintaining and enhancing the credibility and reputation of DDAA experts, the reputation and credibility of DDAA, and the contribution of DDAA to the knowledge economy.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0105/c59","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/b8dbebcdcd4e40ed","nativeRecordCid":"f80680f7-91d1-4c4f-839c-c8b4e0fb44f9","documentId":"osft-doc-0105","id":"c59","text":"The contribution of DDAA's researchers and scientists to the global community of scientific and scholarly expertise is critical to the reputation and credibility of DDAA.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"contribution to DDAA reputation","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Moreover DDAA recognizes that its researchers and scientists are part of a global community of scientific and scholarly expertise, their contribution to which is critical to maintaining and enhancing the credibility and reputation of DDAA experts, the reputation and credibility of DDAA, and the contribution of DDAA to the knowledge economy.","representedInStars":false}
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{"key":"osft-doc-0105/c64","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/78c6d7bf2d5549af","nativeRecordCid":"c915f671-d07a-4cc7-8fbc-3fe18d30844d","documentId":"osft-doc-0105","id":"c64","text":"Drafts of publications authored by DDAA researchers or scientists should be forwarded to their manager or supervisor and discussed in a timely fashion.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"DDAA researchers or scientists","subject":"forwarding drafts to supervisor","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"7.5.1. Drafts of publications authored by DDAA researchers or scientists should be forwarded to their manager or supervisory and discussed in a timely fashion.","representedInStars":false}
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{"key":"osft-doc-0105/c80","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/df334f551ce84dae","nativeRecordCid":"ab71c115-9ece-48c5-b883-13f1474b7a68","documentId":"osft-doc-0105","id":"c80","text":"Authors must understand relevant terms and conditions for publication, including copyright and the level of authority required for approvals.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"responsible author(s)","subject":"understanding publication terms and conditions","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"They understand relevant terms and conditions for publication, including copyright and level of authority required for approvals.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0105/c81","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/56644d79dcdb4dc7","nativeRecordCid":"acb9a5ea-ffb1-4591-9703-d077e58a4d76","documentId":"osft-doc-0105","id":"c81","text":"Researchers and scientists should seek credible and reputable outlets for academic publication that conform to established practices and standards of academic publishing, including particularly rigorous peer review practices.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"researchers and scientists","subject":"choice of publication outlets","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Moreover, researchers and scientists should seek credible and reputable outlets for academic publication that conform to established practices and standards of academic publishing, including particularly rigorous peer review practices.","representedInStars":false}
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{"key":"osft-doc-0105/c120","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/ddf39f4bb878437d","nativeRecordCid":"27d6b237-f002-4116-a1e1-55c1abcde1d8","documentId":"osft-doc-0105","id":"c120","text":"Invalid authorship also includes failure to acknowledge those who have made substantial contributions to the work in question.","kind":"definitional","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"invalid authorship","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Invalid authorship also includes the failure to acknowledge those who have made substantial contributions to the work in question;","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0105/c121","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/794d525eeca34cef","nativeRecordCid":"87829c59-6a45-4c25-9ff6-c5d7e7e9744f","documentId":"osft-doc-0105","id":"c121","text":"Mismanagement of conflict of interest is failure to appropriately identify and address any real, potential or apparent conflict of interest.","kind":"definitional","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"mismanagement of conflict of interest","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Failure to appropriately identify and address any real, potential or apparent conflict of interest;","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0105/c122","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/6bc583e1cdfe47b5","nativeRecordCid":"09f2db6c-78ba-4b13-82db-da860f5f16ba","documentId":"osft-doc-0105","id":"c122","text":"Inaccurate grant and awards application is providing incomplete, inaccurate or false information in a grant or award application or related document, such as a letter of support or a progress report.","kind":"definitional","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"inaccurate grant/award application","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Providing incomplete, inaccurate or false information in a grant or award application or related document, such as a letter of support or a progress report;","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0105/c123","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/3f8a4a9219b24c76","nativeRecordCid":"1458c797-1376-4b06-b563-ec15912ae063","documentId":"osft-doc-0105","id":"c123","text":"Inaccurate statement of collaborations is listing co-applicants, collaborators or partners without their agreement.","kind":"definitional","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"inaccurate statement of collaborations","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Listing of co-applicants, collaborators or partners without their agreement.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0105/c124","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/f4a82f5cb73e4a05","nativeRecordCid":"2353f16b-5ebc-4846-ac1a-5797caabdf70","documentId":"osft-doc-0105","id":"c124","text":"The Deputy Head and its delegates must foster an environment that encourages excellence and integrity in research, science and related activities.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"Deputy Head and its delegates","subject":"fostering excellence and integrity environment","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The Deputy Head and its delegates are responsible for fostering an environment that encourages excellence and integrity in research, science and related activities, and for promoting a culture of open communication where employees may disclose, in good faith, information concerning breaches of scientific integrity.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0105/c125","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/147e1e6dfb274872","nativeRecordCid":"4d5629e5-9700-48fb-883d-68fa87909701","documentId":"osft-doc-0105","id":"c125","text":"The Deputy Head and its delegates must promote a culture of open communication where employees may disclose, in good faith, information concerning breaches of scientific integrity.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"Deputy Head and its delegates","subject":"culture of open communication","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The Deputy Head and its delegates are responsible for fostering an environment that encourages excellence and integrity in research, science and related activities, and for promoting a culture of open communication where employees may disclose, in good faith, information concerning breaches of scientific integrity.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0105/c126","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/fe41ee826e1343ea","nativeRecordCid":"36145922-4097-498b-89dc-1dab14a919fc","documentId":"osft-doc-0105","id":"c126","text":"Directors, managers and supervisors must address all allegations of breach of scientific integrity that are brought to their attention or of which they are aware.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"Directors, managers and supervisors","subject":"addressing allegations of breach","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"addressing all allegations of breach of scientific integrity that are brought to their attention or of which they are aware;","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0105/c127","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/3f8cf40298f7429d","nativeRecordCid":"cb2b8941-3cb1-4198-af13-420a948e5833","documentId":"osft-doc-0105","id":"c127","text":"DDAA employees who conduct research, science or related activities must ensure their behaviour and conduct conforms to the principles of scientific integrity.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"DDAA employees who conduct research, science or related activities","subject":"conduct conforming to scientific integrity","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"ensuring their behaviour and conduct conforms to the principles of scientific integrity;","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0105/c128","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/119c140c4dd643e8","nativeRecordCid":"339317d6-9a85-4010-9b36-9d53621fb6f0","documentId":"osft-doc-0105","id":"c128","text":"DDAA employees who conduct research, science or related activities must report a suspected breach of scientific integrity as soon as possible.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"DDAA employees who conduct research, science or related activities","subject":"reporting suspected breaches","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"reporting a suspected breach of scientific integrity as soon as possible; and","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0105/c129","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/cba6d93cb5474530","nativeRecordCid":"633670a2-e6b9-4444-a677-4123f693216d","documentId":"osft-doc-0105","id":"c129","text":"DDAA employees who conduct research, science or related activities must participate in good faith in any inquiry or investigation conducted pursuant to this Policy.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"DDAA employees who conduct research, science or related activities","subject":"participation in inquiries/investigations","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"participating in good faith in any inquiry or investigation conducted pursuant to this Policy.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0105/c130","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/83ad41915e974ab7","nativeRecordCid":"1f155195-8186-4adb-82f1-6718498e671e","documentId":"osft-doc-0105","id":"c130","text":"An alteration of a scientific or research work is any change in the form or content of a research or scientific work that may affect the interpretation of the work and/or its implications.","kind":"definitional","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"alteration","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"any change in the form or content of a research or scientific work that may affect the interpretation of the work and/or its implications.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0105/c131","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/5046041aa16244dc","nativeRecordCid":"1b040740-92fe-4446-ab98-90f98422c9ca","documentId":"osft-doc-0105","id":"c131","text":"A breach of scientific integrity is a failure to abide by any of the provisions described in section 6 or section 7 of this Policy.","kind":"definitional","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"breach of scientific integrity","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"failure to abide by any of the provisions described in\ns. 6\nor\ns. 7\nof this Policy.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0105/c132","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/a985ae4fb79f48b9","nativeRecordCid":"1dad53bf-4d4e-43af-90b9-cef17cfc9a70","documentId":"osft-doc-0105","id":"c132","text":"Classified or sensitive research or scientific information is research or scientific information that would normally be considered exempt from disclosure under the Access to Information Act.","kind":"definitional","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"classified or sensitive information","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"research or scientific information which would be normally be considered to be exempt from disclosure under the\nAccess to Information Act.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0105/c133","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/d58e210b3a014015","nativeRecordCid":"a2e3919a-a0e7-4fd8-b2f0-5cf050ccd5c8","documentId":"osft-doc-0105","id":"c133","text":"Clear and compelling reasons for withholding publication of scientific or research information include that disclosure of such information is exempt under the Access to Information Act or the Security of Information Act.","kind":"definitional","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"clear and compelling reasons for withholding publication","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"(a) disclosure of such information is exempt under the\nAccess to Information Act\nFootnote\n10\nor the\nSecurity of Information Act\n; (b) technical or technological constraints limit or prevent making the information available.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0105/c134","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/8e09386d196a4b2c","nativeRecordCid":"24cdcd39-4537-4d9f-b4dd-be44c1458f58","documentId":"osft-doc-0105","id":"c134","text":"Clear and compelling reasons for withholding publication of scientific or research information include that technical or technological constraints limit or prevent making the information available.","kind":"definitional","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"clear and compelling reasons for withholding publication","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"(a) disclosure of such information is exempt under the\nAccess to Information Act\nFootnote\n10\nor the\nSecurity of Information Act\n; (b) technical or technological constraints limit or prevent making the information available.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0105/c135","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/89817ea72e264a25","nativeRecordCid":"d9ed324d-7322-40eb-9019-795f90fd5ed5","documentId":"osft-doc-0105","id":"c135","text":"A client is any person, institution or organization, whether internal or external to government, who is the recipient and/or user of research or scientific data, products, services or information, and who is involved with establishing the question or topic of the research or scientific work in question.","kind":"definitional","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"client","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"any person, institution or organization, whether internal or external to government, who is the recipient and/or user of research or scientific data, products, services or information, and who is involved with establishing the question or topic of the research or scientific work in question.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0105/c136","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/8bf6807bfdec414a","nativeRecordCid":"08a69db6-73f6-4618-a241-044908a317f6","documentId":"osft-doc-0105","id":"c136","text":"A collaborator is any person, organization or institution with whom a DDAA employee undertakes the design, conduct, management, review or communication of research, science, or related activities and who does not receive direct or indirect remuneration.","kind":"definitional","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"collaborator","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"any person, organization or institution with whom/which a DDAA employee undertakes the design, conduct, management, review or communication of research, science, or related activities and who/which does not receive direct or indirect remuneration.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0105/c137","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/dc9f52f7804f4be9","nativeRecordCid":"707d8e55-7628-4ebc-ae94-44185d620b86","documentId":"osft-doc-0105","id":"c137","text":"Science communication involves any exchange of scientific or research information, including research results and interpretations thereof, methods, protocols, data, and products, in any form, between or among researchers or scientists and the consumers or users of this information, including the public, other scientists, other government employees, and clients.","kind":"definitional","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"communication of science","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"science communication involves any exchange of scientific or research information (including research results and interpretations thereof, methods, protocols, data, and products) in any form, between or among researchers or scientists (science and research producers) and the consumers or users of this information, including the public, other scientists or researchers, other government employees, and clients.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0105/c138","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/c8f5e4df45cc4390","nativeRecordCid":"3c7d7f29-ecda-42b7-be66-1172b20e241e","documentId":"osft-doc-0105","id":"c138","text":"Compelling evidence is evidence of sufficient strength to convince the decision-maker that it is likely that the claim for which the evidence is adduced is true.","kind":"definitional","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"compelling evidence","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"evidence of sufficient strength to convince the decision-maker that it is likely that the claim for which the evidence is adduced is true.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0105/c139","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/8a4be03c24e74586","nativeRecordCid":"93618f36-4027-4d02-b94a-277f365eb031","documentId":"osft-doc-0105","id":"c139","text":"The term \"employee\" in this Policy is interpreted broadly to cover all employees within a department or agency.","kind":"definitional","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"employee","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"this is in most cases to be interpreted broadly to cover all employees within a department or agency,","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0105/c140","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/712b1607a9844ad8","nativeRecordCid":"36778508-3728-4d16-ae12-94a719345371","documentId":"osft-doc-0105","id":"c140","text":"All employees have a greater or lesser role to play in the scientific integrity procedures described in this Policy.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"employees' role in integrity procedures","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"all of whom have a greater or lesser role to play in the scientific integrity procedures described in this Policy.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0105/c141","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/281f401eff314e8d","nativeRecordCid":"0341267b-c565-47e7-802c-ab5f896d9ece","documentId":"osft-doc-0105","id":"c141","text":"Interference is any action that alters or suppresses the work or the impartiality of a scientist or researcher, as understood within the Values and Ethics Code for the Public Sector, including the expectation that they provide decision makers with all the information, analysis and advice they need, while striving to be open, candid and impartial.","kind":"definitional","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"interference","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"any action that alters or suppresses the work or the impartiality of a scientist or researcher, as understood within the\nValues and Ethics Code for the Public Sector\n, including the expectation that they provide decision makers with all the information, analysis and advice they need, while striving to be open, candid and impartial.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0105/c142","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/73f5509188684181","nativeRecordCid":"b77bcabb-03be-44a0-a5c9-c43750db212b","documentId":"osft-doc-0105","id":"c142","text":"Interference also includes alteration or inappropriate suppression of research methodology and results.","kind":"definitional","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"interference","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Interference also includes alteration or inappropriate suppression of research methodology and results or dissuasion of reporting of results by any party, including clients.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0105/c143","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/9b05d06b1ec6499c","nativeRecordCid":"ae492082-be6f-4e61-a4ed-1e0751caabea","documentId":"osft-doc-0105","id":"c143","text":"Interference also includes dissuasion of reporting of results by any party, including clients.","kind":"definitional","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"interference","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Interference also includes alteration or inappropriate suppression of research methodology and results or dissuasion of reporting of results by any party, including clients.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0105/c144","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/12eefc4ab11e46a7","nativeRecordCid":"4bb0d8f3-fa45-40cb-8156-7623f66f9c4f","documentId":"osft-doc-0105","id":"c144","text":"A related activity includes any activity that supports science or research, such as laboratory operations and management or infrastructure.","kind":"definitional","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"related activity","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"any activity that (a) supports science or research (e.g. laboratory operations and management; infrastructure (including information and communication infrastructure); (b) uses research or scientific information as an input (e.g. solicitation or preparation of science advice; evaluation of research or scientific evidence); (c) involves the curation, communication or archiving of scientific or research data or information.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0105/c145","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/fdd3869544c64238","nativeRecordCid":"8db6edd2-7bca-4346-ba2f-0bd7bbd2df47","documentId":"osft-doc-0105","id":"c145","text":"A related activity includes any activity that uses research or scientific information as an input.","kind":"definitional","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"related activity","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"any activity that (a) supports science or research (e.g. laboratory operations and management; infrastructure (including information and communication infrastructure); (b) uses research or scientific information as an input (e.g. solicitation or preparation of science advice; evaluation of research or scientific evidence); (c) involves the curation, communication or archiving of scientific or research data or information.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0105/c146","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/a0c251c73d6447c3","nativeRecordCid":"7cfd047b-1d2c-4de9-a9f4-2debb3bd4dae","documentId":"osft-doc-0105","id":"c146","text":"A related activity includes any activity that involves the curation, communication or archiving of scientific or research data or information.","kind":"definitional","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"related activity","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"any activity that (a) supports science or research (e.g. laboratory operations and management; infrastructure (including information and communication infrastructure); (b) uses research or scientific information as an input (e.g. solicitation or preparation of science advice; evaluation of research or scientific evidence); (c) involves the curation, communication or archiving of scientific or research data or information.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0105/c147","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/09fd19fff5864f86","nativeRecordCid":"c6989d8d-3e55-46de-9c2b-2dd6cc781a86","documentId":"osft-doc-0105","id":"c147","text":"Research is any undertaking intended to extend knowledge through a disciplined inquiry or systematic investigation.","kind":"definitional","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"research","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"any undertaking intended to extend knowledge through a disciplined inquiry or systematic investigation","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0105/c148","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/c6e5ec2f7ee64931","nativeRecordCid":"78755f53-6afb-4139-bdf0-12ab76108ef1","documentId":"osft-doc-0105","id":"c148","text":"A researcher is an employee primarily involved in the application of comprehensive scientific and professional knowledge to the planning, conduct, evaluation and management of fundamental or applied research, knowledge enhancement, technology development and innovation relevant to defence science, historical research and archival science, mathematics and the natural sciences.","kind":"definitional","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"researcher","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"employees primarily involved in the application of comprehensive scientific and professional knowledge to the planning, conduct, evaluation and management of fundamental or applied research, knowledge enhancement, technology development and innovation relevant to defence science, historical research and archival science, mathematics and the natural sciences.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0105/c149","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/f91fab62169549ba","nativeRecordCid":"5726e29a-a3ac-448c-a98f-6a5a2ca87ecd","documentId":"osft-doc-0105","id":"c149","text":"Science is the pursuit and application of knowledge and understanding of the natural world through application of one or more elements of the scientific method.","kind":"definitional","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"science","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"the pursuit and application of knowledge and understanding of the natural world through application of one or more elements of the scientific method.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-0105/c150","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/13df843ce4e24511","nativeRecordCid":"8ad8b116-5e42-4b2c-be3e-457347e6f880","documentId":"osft-doc-0105","id":"c150","text":"In this Policy, science is understood to include both fundamental and applied natural, physical, biomedical and social science, as well as engineering and mathematics.","kind":"definitional","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"scope of science","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"In the context of the current policy, it is understood to include both fundamental and applied natural, physical, biomedical and social science, as well as engineering and mathematics.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-0105/c151","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/a23b37d55c4f4e50","nativeRecordCid":"af234b14-6649-48a6-8191-320e9116d642","documentId":"osft-doc-0105","id":"c151","text":"A scientist is an employee primarily involved in the application of comprehensive scientific and professional knowledge to one of the applied science programs involving actuarial science, agriculture, biology, chemistry, forestry, meteorology or physical sciences, which include physics, planetary and earth sciences, scientific regulation and patents.","kind":"definitional","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"scientist","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"employees primarily involved in the application of comprehensive scientific and professional knowledge to one of the applied science programs involving actuarial science, agriculture, biology, chemistry, forestry, meteorology or physical sciences, which include physics, planetary and earth sciences, scientific regulation and patents.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0105/c152","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/415bedd32d1046df","nativeRecordCid":"4038f50e-94e7-45d9-9275-4eaaba67bea9","documentId":"osft-doc-0105","id":"c152","text":"Suppression of a scientific or research work is the deliberate withholding of a scientific or research work, or any portion thereof, from publication or dissemination, in the absence of clear and compelling reasons for doing so.","kind":"definitional","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"suppression","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"the deliberate withholding of a scientific or research work, or any portion thereof, from publication or dissemination, in the absence of clear and compelling reasons for doing so.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0105/c153","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/3ff088c633a84fdd","nativeRecordCid":"8d84a0ac-c8fc-4a5f-9e6f-0e369aab8f01","documentId":"osft-doc-0105","id":"c153","text":"A timely manner is within a time frame that is consistent with usual review and approval processes, and consistent with logistical and resource constraints.","kind":"definitional","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"timely manner","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"within a time frame that is consistent with usual review and approval processes, and consistent with logistical and resource constraints.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0105/c154","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/0e7071eb8a1f444a","nativeRecordCid":"c6f6c870-6fd6-4924-a2f4-de62c3286ce4","documentId":"osft-doc-0105","id":"c154","text":"The DDAA or external collaborators may impose reasonable embargo periods to respect the right of a principal investigator to first publication.","kind":"normative","modality":"may","actor":"DDAA or external collaborators","subject":"embargo periods for first publication","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The DDAA or external collaborators may impose reasonable embargo periods to respect the right of a principal investigator to first publication.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0108/c1","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/46be0fa588204465","nativeRecordCid":"1caae2f3-3124-4a76-9a81-ad5052f05f41","documentId":"osft-doc-0108","id":"c1","text":"The ways in which the output of scientific research is evaluated must be improved.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"","subject":"evaluation of scientific research output","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"There is a pressing need to improve the ways in which the output of scientific research is evaluated by funding agencies, academic institutions, and other parties.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-0108/c2","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/5acc1daf1091428f","nativeRecordCid":"8797fc4d-2f52-4772-a7c7-2349380ba358","documentId":"osft-doc-0108","id":"c2","text":"Outputs from scientific research include research articles reporting new knowledge.","kind":"definitional","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"outputs of scientific research","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The outputs from scientific research are many and varied, including: research articles reporting new knowledge, data, reagents, and software; intellectual property; and highly trained young scientists.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-0108/c3","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/d005eb1e73234a2c","nativeRecordCid":"c8c5eb4e-a154-46c2-8824-e89af9e40bc9","documentId":"osft-doc-0108","id":"c3","text":"Outputs from scientific research include data.","kind":"definitional","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"outputs of scientific research","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The outputs from scientific research are many and varied, including: research articles reporting new knowledge, data, reagents, and software; intellectual property; and highly trained young scientists.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-0108/c4","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/2d874b04fd004a62","nativeRecordCid":"03feb20b-a408-4929-9fb9-2fb1b4fbc462","documentId":"osft-doc-0108","id":"c4","text":"Outputs from scientific research include reagents.","kind":"definitional","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"outputs of scientific research","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The outputs from scientific research are many and varied, including: research articles reporting new knowledge, data, reagents, and software; intellectual property; and highly trained young scientists.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0108/c5","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/9b504caf5db84d20","nativeRecordCid":"7d3f2986-0b69-40d0-8a48-3d1e50201f49","documentId":"osft-doc-0108","id":"c5","text":"Outputs from scientific research include software.","kind":"definitional","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"outputs of scientific research","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The outputs from scientific research are many and varied, including: research articles reporting new knowledge, data, reagents, and software; intellectual property; and highly trained young scientists.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0108/c6","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/4a046b2e1dc54017","nativeRecordCid":"70b2a776-f523-499d-b4e3-58964b36a4ba","documentId":"osft-doc-0108","id":"c6","text":"Outputs from scientific research include intellectual property.","kind":"definitional","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"outputs of scientific research","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The outputs from scientific research are many and varied, including: research articles reporting new knowledge, data, reagents, and software; intellectual property; and highly trained young scientists.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0108/c7","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/66436c7fa1f74278","nativeRecordCid":"971b76ee-455f-412c-98ce-d7d2e07d05b8","documentId":"osft-doc-0108","id":"c7","text":"Outputs from scientific research include highly trained young scientists.","kind":"definitional","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"outputs of scientific research","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The outputs from scientific research are many and varied, including: research articles reporting new knowledge, data, reagents, and software; intellectual property; and highly trained young scientists.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0108/c8","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/31909761d99944eb","nativeRecordCid":"425dfbed-139f-4780-94ef-7d229295076e","documentId":"osft-doc-0108","id":"c8","text":"Funding agencies, institutions that employ scientists, and scientists themselves all have a desire and need to assess the quality and impact of scientific outputs.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"funding agencies, institutions, and scientists","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Funding agencies, institutions that employ scientists, and scientists themselves, all have a desire, and need, to assess the quality and impact of scientific outputs.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-0108/c9","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/c6aaed88c64e4edf","nativeRecordCid":"cb5dd9af-d66a-49b2-aed3-78966ba23c71","documentId":"osft-doc-0108","id":"c9","text":"Scientific output must be measured accurately.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"","subject":"scientific output","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"It is thus imperative that scientific output is measured accurately and evaluated wisely.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-0108/c10","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/1e6fade3eb344541","nativeRecordCid":"3b55aa3d-47bb-4b40-bb5e-03aba38ffeb3","documentId":"osft-doc-0108","id":"c10","text":"Scientific output must be evaluated wisely.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"","subject":"scientific output","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"It is thus imperative that scientific output is measured accurately and evaluated wisely.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-0108/c11","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/4f3d4ea8eb894e73","nativeRecordCid":"f79750da-2bec-4a80-a1e6-0d35612b09e6","documentId":"osft-doc-0108","id":"c11","text":"The Journal Impact Factor is frequently used as the primary parameter with which to compare the scientific output of individuals and institutions.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"Journal Impact Factor","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The Journal Impact Factor is frequently used as the primary parameter with which to compare the scientific output of individuals and institutions.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-0108/c12","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/1ccd2459f4f04b68","nativeRecordCid":"9ae1f786-7f4c-4a69-bdc2-0f5642b45362","documentId":"osft-doc-0108","id":"c12","text":"The Journal Impact Factor was originally created as a tool to help librarians identify journals to purchase, not as a measure of the scientific quality of research in an article.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"Journal Impact Factor origin","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The Journal Impact Factor, as calculated by Thomson Reuters*, was originally created as a tool to help librarians identify journals to purchase, not as a measure of the scientific quality of research in an article.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-0108/c13","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/6651d6d49565435e","nativeRecordCid":"8959878e-6f99-4f7d-bd83-de0a3c481dd0","documentId":"osft-doc-0108","id":"c13","text":"Citation distributions within journals are highly skewed.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"citation distributions within journals","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"A) citation distributions within journals are highly skewed [1–3]","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-0108/c14","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/008a1dd622d94cbb","nativeRecordCid":"38c4e5fe-43ab-4427-b845-eae53755e7d6","documentId":"osft-doc-0108","id":"c14","text":"The properties of the Journal Impact Factor are field-specific: it is a composite of multiple, highly diverse article types, including primary research papers and reviews.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"Journal Impact Factor properties","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"B) the properties of the Journal Impact Factor are field-specific: it is a composite of multiple, highly diverse article types, including primary research papers and reviews [1, 4]","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-0108/c15","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/619353fdb7b5480d","nativeRecordCid":"ff87b5df-092f-4dce-a307-75f820535e7a","documentId":"osft-doc-0108","id":"c15","text":"Journal Impact Factors can be manipulated, or gamed, by editorial policy.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"Journal Impact Factors","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"C) Journal Impact Factors can be manipulated (or “gamed”) by editorial policy [5]","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-0108/c16","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/f071cc5be1cb4bd9","nativeRecordCid":"6ef6800d-b4cb-4cd9-94ac-397c402f001e","documentId":"osft-doc-0108","id":"c16","text":"Data used to calculate the Journal Impact Factors are neither transparent nor openly available to the public.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"data used to calculate Journal Impact Factors","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"D) data used to calculate the Journal Impact Factors are neither transparent nor openly available to the public [4, 6, 7]","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-0108/c17","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/bd9712bd3c334cf4","nativeRecordCid":"08ffe72a-fb37-4235-bc04-9844a32bbfd3","documentId":"osft-doc-0108","id":"c17","text":"Outputs other than research articles will grow in importance in assessing research effectiveness in the future.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"outputs other than research articles","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Outputs other than research articles will grow in importance in assessing research effectiveness in the future, but the peer-reviewed research paper will remain a central research output that informs research assessment.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-0108/c18","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/65d06cc616e343ea","nativeRecordCid":"b56ea96f-2c2d-47aa-8c60-72266af9d309","documentId":"osft-doc-0108","id":"c18","text":"The peer-reviewed research paper will remain a central research output that informs research assessment.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"peer-reviewed research paper","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Outputs other than research articles will grow in importance in assessing research effectiveness in the future, but the peer-reviewed research paper will remain a central research output that informs research assessment.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-0108/c19","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/c1127d2851eb4abe","nativeRecordCid":"104bb2ba-d9cf-4859-86ba-b12bf22bb8bd","documentId":"osft-doc-0108","id":"c19","text":"Additional products, such as datasets, should be recognized as important research outputs in research assessment.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"","subject":"additional research products such as datasets","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Our recommendations therefore focus primarily on practices relating to research articles published in peer-reviewed journals but can and should be extended by recognizing additional products, such as datasets, as important research outputs.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-0108/c20","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/0a2158c2efa94505","nativeRecordCid":"6bcb6b80-318f-4a6a-96d5-0e1106755cf8","documentId":"osft-doc-0108","id":"c20","text":"Journal-based metrics, such as Journal Impact Factors, must be eliminated from use in funding, appointment, and promotion considerations.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"","subject":"journal-based metrics","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"the need to eliminate the use of journal-based metrics, such as Journal Impact Factors, in funding, appointment, and promotion considerations;","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-0108/c21","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/ea799fd0dc4a4735","nativeRecordCid":"7594b5e4-4d55-4eee-a2db-7f68e6e6ff05","documentId":"osft-doc-0108","id":"c21","text":"Research must be assessed on its own merits rather than on the basis of the journal in which it is published.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"","subject":"research assessment","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"the need to assess research on its own merits rather than on the basis of the journal in which the research is published; and","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-0108/c22","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/e0c20f7985f84a12","nativeRecordCid":"ba11f13a-e0f5-485e-be94-5688d44fe7f3","documentId":"osft-doc-0108","id":"c22","text":"The opportunities provided by online publication, such as relaxing unnecessary limits on the number of words, figures, and references in articles and exploring new indicators of significance and impact, must be capitalized on.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"","subject":"opportunities from online publication","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"the need to capitalize on the opportunities provided by online publication (such as relaxing unnecessary limits on the number of words, figures, and references in articles, and exploring new indicators of significance and impact).","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-0108/c23","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/87f00644340b4525","nativeRecordCid":"7abdf978-4b84-4295-af9c-0494469b1908","documentId":"osft-doc-0108","id":"c23","text":"Many funding agencies, institutions, publishers, and researchers are already encouraging improved practices in research assessment.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"funding agencies, institutions, publishers, researchers","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"We recognize that many funding agencies, institutions, publishers, and researchers are already encouraging improved practices in research assessment.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-0108/c24","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/e93957f502f64d5e","nativeRecordCid":"7b22ff76-21e5-4562-a149-2ee120e4ccc4","documentId":"osft-doc-0108","id":"c24","text":"Such steps are beginning to increase the momentum toward more sophisticated and meaningful approaches to research evaluation.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"momentum toward research evaluation approaches","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Such steps are beginning to increase the momentum toward more sophisticated and meaningful approaches to research evaluation that can now be built upon and adopted by all of the key constituencies involved.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-0108/c25","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/bd52382b395143a4","nativeRecordCid":"eb65e6f5-35f5-441e-afe9-82b29eddfe8d","documentId":"osft-doc-0108","id":"c25","text":"More sophisticated and meaningful approaches to research evaluation can now be built upon and adopted by all of the key constituencies involved.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"sophisticated approaches to research evaluation","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Such steps are beginning to increase the momentum toward more sophisticated and meaningful approaches to research evaluation that can now be built upon and adopted by all of the key constituencies involved.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-0108/c26","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/db6cb1936c4745dc","nativeRecordCid":"011ac525-65a0-4e18-a820-8966a95c4297","documentId":"osft-doc-0108","id":"c26","text":"Journal-based metrics, such as Journal Impact Factors, should not be used as a surrogate measure of the quality of individual research articles, to assess an individual scientist's contributions, or in hiring, promotion, or funding decisions.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"funding agencies, academic institutions, journals, organizations that supply metrics, and researchers","subject":"journal-based metrics use","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Do not use journal-based metrics, such as Journal Impact Factors, as a surrogate measure of the quality of individual research articles, to assess an individual scientist’s contributions, or in hiring, promotion, or funding decisions.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-0108/c27","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/4bde0679c5da4338","nativeRecordCid":"304b1181-1c2b-471e-b882-13d692d759f5","documentId":"osft-doc-0108","id":"c27","text":"Funding agencies should be explicit about the criteria used in evaluating the scientific productivity of grant applicants.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"funding agencies","subject":"criteria for evaluating grant applicants","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Be explicit about the criteria used in evaluating the scientific productivity of grant applicants and clearly highlight, especially for early-stage investigators, that the scientific content of a paper is much more important than publication metrics or the identity of the journal in which it was published.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-0108/c28","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/c3f5013eb17a4aea","nativeRecordCid":"03f7a41a-7b35-4734-8fd6-78e3d8f861c6","documentId":"osft-doc-0108","id":"c28","text":"Funding agencies should clearly highlight, especially for early-stage investigators, that the scientific content of a paper is much more important than publication metrics or the identity of the journal in which it was published.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"funding agencies","subject":"importance of scientific content over metrics","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Be explicit about the criteria used in evaluating the scientific productivity of grant applicants and clearly highlight, especially for early-stage investigators, that the scientific content of a paper is much more important than publication metrics or the identity of the journal in which it was published.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-0108/c29","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/d407a860bb5b4a41","nativeRecordCid":"a0bfaf86-7939-4f81-a0b6-795d7a129cfa","documentId":"osft-doc-0108","id":"c29","text":"For the purposes of research assessment, funding agencies should consider the value and impact of all research outputs, including datasets and software, in addition to research publications.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"funding agencies","subject":"value of all research outputs","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"For the purposes of research assessment, consider the value and impact of all research outputs (including datasets and software) in addition to research publications, and consider a broad range of impact measures including qualitative indicators of research impact, such as influence on policy and practice.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-0108/c30","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/2480c8461d304619","nativeRecordCid":"710f9b6b-4274-4f73-ab9f-aeff8206dd74","documentId":"osft-doc-0108","id":"c30","text":"For the purposes of research assessment, funding agencies should consider a broad range of impact measures, including qualitative indicators of research impact such as influence on policy and practice.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"funding agencies","subject":"broad range of impact measures","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"For the purposes of research assessment, consider the value and impact of all research outputs (including datasets and software) in addition to research publications, and consider a broad range of impact measures including qualitative indicators of research impact, such as influence on policy and practice.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-0108/c31","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/461cc053dfbe4c66","nativeRecordCid":"e9a30f17-d50f-482f-b00a-75097c5a38a5","documentId":"osft-doc-0108","id":"c31","text":"Institutions should be explicit about the criteria used to reach hiring, tenure, and promotion decisions.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"institutions","subject":"criteria for hiring, tenure, promotion","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Be explicit about the criteria used to reach hiring, tenure, and promotion decisions, clearly highlighting, especially for early-stage investigators, that the scientific content of a paper is much more important than publication metrics or the identity of the journal in which it was published.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-0108/c32","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/bc5980649b9e4a77","nativeRecordCid":"a4d0b9af-e3b5-4e77-b636-a80acc767a7b","documentId":"osft-doc-0108","id":"c32","text":"Institutions should clearly highlight, especially for early-stage investigators, that the scientific content of a paper is much more important than publication metrics or the identity of the journal in which it was published.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"institutions","subject":"importance of scientific content over metrics","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Be explicit about the criteria used to reach hiring, tenure, and promotion decisions, clearly highlighting, especially for early-stage investigators, that the scientific content of a paper is much more important than publication metrics or the identity of the journal in which it was published.","representedInStars":true}
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{"key":"osft-doc-0108/c45","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/858367208b1848ae","nativeRecordCid":"dcfa222e-dff8-4254-96ca-fe82db9eaa05","documentId":"osft-doc-0108","id":"c45","text":"Where possible, organizations that supply metrics should provide computational access to data.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"organizations that supply metrics","subject":"computational access to data","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Provide the data under a licence that allows unrestricted reuse, and provide computational access to data, where possible.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-0108/c46","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/1ef528623386439b","nativeRecordCid":"d50e4a1e-ded0-4ad8-8de6-9010c69ab2ce","documentId":"osft-doc-0108","id":"c46","text":"Organizations that supply metrics should make clear that inappropriate manipulation of metrics will not be tolerated.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"organizations that supply metrics","subject":"manipulation of metrics","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Be clear that inappropriate manipulation of metrics will not be tolerated; be explicit about what constitutes inappropriate manipulation and what measures will be taken to combat this.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-0108/c47","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/8c15893167f040f5","nativeRecordCid":"19910229-9efb-437e-bb2f-31753026faaf","documentId":"osft-doc-0108","id":"c47","text":"Organizations that supply metrics should be explicit about what constitutes inappropriate manipulation of metrics and what measures will be taken to combat it.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"organizations that supply metrics","subject":"definition of inappropriate manipulation","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Be clear that inappropriate manipulation of metrics will not be tolerated; be explicit about what constitutes inappropriate manipulation and what measures will be taken to combat this.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-0108/c48","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/a10b3f14b4044a3d","nativeRecordCid":"2591a0cb-842e-458b-8f88-385de40f5362","documentId":"osft-doc-0108","id":"c48","text":"When metrics are used, aggregated, or compared, organizations that supply metrics should account for the variation in article types, such as reviews versus research articles, and in different subject areas.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"organizations that supply metrics","subject":"variation in article types and subject areas","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Account for the variation in article types (e.g., reviews versus research articles), and in different subject areas when metrics are used, aggregated, or compared.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-0108/c49","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/0fa7a70ed80c48bc","nativeRecordCid":"3a6dbbb6-fcea-4eb5-8f5c-4b4e0acb0c35","documentId":"osft-doc-0108","id":"c49","text":"When involved in committees making decisions about funding, hiring, tenure, or promotion, researchers should make assessments based on scientific content rather than publication metrics.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"researchers","subject":"assessments in committee decisions","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"When involved in committees making decisions about funding, hiring, tenure, or promotion, make assessments based on scientific content rather than publication metrics.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-0108/c50","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/5abb85aadeac451e","nativeRecordCid":"7187e004-f0b8-4c75-8e56-f6de25cbfb06","documentId":"osft-doc-0108","id":"c50","text":"Wherever appropriate, researchers should cite primary literature in which observations are first reported rather than reviews, in order to give credit where credit is due.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"researchers","subject":"citation of primary literature","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Wherever appropriate, cite primary literature in which observations are first reported rather than reviews in order to give credit where credit is due.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-0108/c51","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/240ee9d8968e4269","nativeRecordCid":"62bfaacf-90b8-4760-af05-48383d8ed24d","documentId":"osft-doc-0108","id":"c51","text":"Researchers should use a range of article metrics and indicators in personal or supporting statements as evidence of the impact of individual published articles and other research outputs.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"researchers","subject":"use of article metrics in statements","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Use a range of article metrics and indicators on personal/supporting statements, as evidence of the impact of individual published articles and other research outputs [11].","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-0108/c52","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/42d5c8db4788434c","nativeRecordCid":"7fff4935-d80b-488c-a698-31a418399b0e","documentId":"osft-doc-0108","id":"c52","text":"Researchers should challenge research assessment practices that rely inappropriately on Journal Impact Factors.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"researchers","subject":"challenging reliance on Journal Impact Factors","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Challenge research assessment practices that rely inappropriately on Journal Impact Factors and promote and teach best practice that focuses on the value and influence of specific research outputs.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-0108/c53","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/9a7b8837acfe472c","nativeRecordCid":"bc28913d-34ef-4892-98f9-3f1af5166fca","documentId":"osft-doc-0108","id":"c53","text":"Researchers should promote and teach best practice that focuses on the value and influence of specific research outputs.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"researchers","subject":"promoting best practice in research assessment","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Challenge research assessment practices that rely inappropriately on Journal Impact Factors and promote and teach best practice that focuses on the value and influence of specific research outputs.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-0108/c54","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/1562692279084478","nativeRecordCid":"76255125-5331-4b44-9e92-4dcee92e24a6","documentId":"osft-doc-0108","id":"c54","text":"The Journal Impact Factor is now published by Clarivate Analytics.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"Journal Impact Factor publisher","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"*The Journal Impact Factor is now published by Clarivate Analytics.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0114/c1","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/2bb37ffc698c4e9b","nativeRecordCid":"ae45781b-411b-4872-80aa-dac2e3954fd9","documentId":"osft-doc-0114","id":"c1","text":"Governments, research institutions and funders, the scientific community, and citizens everywhere should support mandatory open access to all publicly funded scientific knowledge by 2030.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"governments, research institutions and funders, the scientific community, and citizens","subject":"mandatory open access to publicly funded knowledge","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"calling upon governments, research institutions and funders, the scientific community, and citizens everywhere to support mandatory open access to all publicly funded scientific knowledge by 2030","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0114/c2","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/bd82d681930b4507","nativeRecordCid":"7f8550d7-cea0-486c-b5f0-116956dafc58","documentId":"osft-doc-0114","id":"c2","text":"The climate emergency poses an existential threat.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"climate emergency","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The climate emergency poses an existential threat, demanding immediate and far-reaching actions.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-0114/c3","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/f1927767ba6b4ea1","nativeRecordCid":"19c696e6-2291-4346-a86e-e39a6059baa3","documentId":"osft-doc-0114","id":"c3","text":"Immediate and far-reaching action is needed in response to the climate emergency.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"","subject":"response to the climate emergency","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The climate emergency poses an existential threat, demanding immediate and far-reaching actions.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-0114/c4","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/b5ccab5579e5426e","nativeRecordCid":"19eb29d9-e9ea-4620-bfa5-28078d04f8a8","documentId":"osft-doc-0114","id":"c4","text":"The planet is edging closer to several irreversible tipping points.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"the planet","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Our planet is edging closer to several irreversible tipping points, with dire consequences for all life.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-0114/c5","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/6ab454dc20a349dd","nativeRecordCid":"76f77c6e-8ca7-48fc-80f0-4d5d791506c3","documentId":"osft-doc-0114","id":"c5","text":"Several irreversible tipping points carry dire consequences for all life.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"irreversible tipping points","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Our planet is edging closer to several irreversible tipping points, with dire consequences for all life.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0114/c6","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/b8dce14d6cda4c76","nativeRecordCid":"f4f2b646-20ce-4da1-984c-1f2689e64f77","documentId":"osft-doc-0114","id":"c6","text":"A wide spectrum of science solutions is needed urgently.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"","subject":"science solutions","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"We need a wide spectrum of science solutions urgently and the greatest accelerator is simply to mandate open access to publicly funded articles and data.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-0114/c7","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/8e22251a3f33463f","nativeRecordCid":"607759ab-5e60-4970-8d2a-d2fa682527dd","documentId":"osft-doc-0114","id":"c7","text":"Mandating open access to publicly funded articles and data is the greatest accelerator of science solutions.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"open access mandates","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"We need a wide spectrum of science solutions urgently and the greatest accelerator is simply to mandate open access to publicly funded articles and data.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-0114/c8","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/dd77c47dd65845a2","nativeRecordCid":"43a1d062-9168-4033-a61d-8957e40b7b54","documentId":"osft-doc-0114","id":"c8","text":"The current system restricts access to most scientific research for many scientists and virtually all practitioners, innovators, and entrepreneurs in the world.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"the current research access system","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The current system restricts access to most of the scientific research not only to many scientists, but virtually all practitioners, innovators, and entrepreneurs in the world.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-0114/c9","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/c23a695b34014889","nativeRecordCid":"5f20c88b-dd6b-4dc3-8418-f8924b9fa27e","documentId":"osft-doc-0114","id":"c9","text":"Restrictions on access to major breakthroughs in sustainability and climate sciences are even more severe.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"access restrictions on sustainability and climate science","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The restrictions to access major breakthroughs in sustainability and climate sciences are even more severe.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-0114/c10","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/9da08a2761c7461d","nativeRecordCid":"dd5b402a-3be6-4abc-96f9-aa7c49ddb394","documentId":"osft-doc-0114","id":"c10","text":"Access to knowledge is needed to reverse and mitigate the effects of climate change and address many other global challenges.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"","subject":"access to knowledge","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"No one can afford such a block to knowledge that we all need to reverse and mitigate the effects of climate change and address many other global challenges.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-0114/c11","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/f091068b1fcc4d7a","nativeRecordCid":"0fffb228-677c-4125-8fa6-d8debb0b61e9","documentId":"osft-doc-0114","id":"c11","text":"The shift toward net-zero clean economies depends on open access to scientific knowledge.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"shift toward net-zero clean economies","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The shift toward net-zero clean economies not only depends on open access to scientific knowledge, but also on political willingness to take evidence-based action.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-0114/c12","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/6f404590015440c1","nativeRecordCid":"abd823e8-0095-4e4e-a240-c29d3ec10f60","documentId":"osft-doc-0114","id":"c12","text":"The shift toward net-zero clean economies depends on political willingness to take evidence-based action.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"shift toward net-zero clean economies","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The shift toward net-zero clean economies not only depends on open access to scientific knowledge, but also on political willingness to take evidence-based action.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-0114/c13","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/2e34aa2b5109478f","nativeRecordCid":"5a230664-4213-41e3-82cd-dfb833dd0cbf","documentId":"osft-doc-0114","id":"c13","text":"Governments and universities must ensure the immediate and unrestricted sharing of research findings funded by taxpayers.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"governments and universities","subject":"sharing of taxpayer-funded research findings","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Governments and universities hold significant responsibility in empowering innovators to deliver practical solutions by ensuring the immediate and unrestricted sharing of research findings funded by taxpayers.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-0114/c14","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/251fdb3ff1bd4b25","nativeRecordCid":"4362e530-cbb4-40cd-a3ff-a01550812026","documentId":"osft-doc-0114","id":"c14","text":"Open access mandates will significantly accelerate science-based solutions.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"open access mandates","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Open access mandates will significantly accelerate science-based solutions.”","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-0114/c15","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/904efcdef2f24999","nativeRecordCid":"0d81b358-0041-4359-932d-33231f1732ed","documentId":"osft-doc-0114","id":"c15","text":"Research funders, including the European Commission, are leading the way through initiatives such as Plan S.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"research funders","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Research funders including the European Commission are leading the way through initiatives such as\nPlan S\n, which mandates that research supported by public funds must be openly accessible to all by 2025.","representedInStars":false}
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{"key":"osft-doc-0138/c17","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/8dd957902a5344cc","nativeRecordCid":"f61daf99-a037-445f-9ada-2bad6066141f","documentId":"osft-doc-0138","id":"c17","text":"User-friendly data repositories are essential tools for knowledge sharing.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"","subject":"data repositories","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"User-friendly data repositories, interoperable formats, and intuitive open-access publishing platforms are essential tools for knowledge sharing.","representedInStars":false}
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{"key":"osft-doc-0138/c20","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/710915a4879a4177","nativeRecordCid":"330b0091-cafd-4908-8df8-6189027fd8d9","documentId":"osft-doc-0138","id":"c20","text":"Investment in the development and maintenance of open-scholarship tools ensures accessible and reliable ways to disseminate research.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"investment in open-scholarship tools","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Investment in the development and maintenance of these tools ensures accessible and reliable ways to disseminate research.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-0138/c21","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/d1a1f5d1e7df4320","nativeRecordCid":"d026bf93-c10d-40e5-a82d-d82fb44cb348","documentId":"osft-doc-0138","id":"c21","text":"Simplified processes are vital in encouraging researcher adoption of open practices.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"","subject":"simplified processes","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Simplified processes are vital in encouraging researcher adoption of open practices.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-0138/c22","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/5bc7b0d961f44d41","nativeRecordCid":"f500790d-bfcf-4348-bd95-f6075bd3f2c7","documentId":"osft-doc-0138","id":"c22","text":"Streamlining data-sharing protocols, simplifying pre-print submission mechanisms, and integrating open practices into existing research tools can reduce complexity.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"streamlining and integrating open practices","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Streamlining data-sharing protocols, simplifying pre-print submission mechanisms, and integrating open practices into existing research tools can reduce complexity and promote participation.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0138/c23","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/c313c420d0cb4ce7","nativeRecordCid":"ffb4e883-6196-4fdf-86a6-4b247d48297e","documentId":"osft-doc-0138","id":"c23","text":"Streamlining data-sharing protocols, simplifying pre-print submission mechanisms, and integrating open practices into existing research tools can promote participation.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"streamlining and integrating open practices","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Streamlining data-sharing protocols, simplifying pre-print submission mechanisms, and integrating open practices into existing research tools can reduce complexity and promote participation.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0138/c24","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/63b20b06f2e04765","nativeRecordCid":"ae38d595-3165-43ec-a586-17d953e4d550","documentId":"osft-doc-0138","id":"c24","text":"Cultivating a culture of openness necessitates fostering vibrant communities.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"","subject":"culture of openness","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Cultivating a culture of openness necessitates fostering vibrant communities.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0138/c25","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/d8a7558e47644798","nativeRecordCid":"5eab81ac-9881-430e-997b-76c25458fa71","documentId":"osft-doc-0138","id":"c25","text":"Workshops, conferences, and online forums dedicated to open practices offer platforms for knowledge exchange.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"workshops, conferences and online forums","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Workshops, conferences, and online forums dedicated to open practices offer platforms for knowledge exchange, collaboration, and norm-setting.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0138/c26","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/b043e6c5c3514a31","nativeRecordCid":"6b2ff6c9-6792-4dfd-b7bf-a72f89fb2855","documentId":"osft-doc-0138","id":"c26","text":"Workshops, conferences, and online forums dedicated to open practices offer platforms for collaboration.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"workshops, conferences and online forums","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Workshops, conferences, and online forums dedicated to open practices offer platforms for knowledge exchange, collaboration, and norm-setting.","representedInStars":false}
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{"key":"osft-doc-0138/c30","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/58c38fbc0cf64c1b","nativeRecordCid":"f6e4d461-a8d8-44f7-b870-9ab0c7065ef4","documentId":"osft-doc-0138","id":"c30","text":"Metrics beyond traditional citation counts should be actively assessed and recognized.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"","subject":"metrics beyond citation counts","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Metrics beyond traditional citation counts, such as data reuse rates and societal impact, should be actively assessed and recognized.","representedInStars":true}
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{"key":"osft-doc-0138/c34","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/c6baab9892684fc7","nativeRecordCid":"df196bc9-51a7-48d9-a9bc-529d2c3a4459","documentId":"osft-doc-0138","id":"c34","text":"Mandating open practices through institutional policies and funding requirements can accelerate implementation.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"mandating open practices","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"While voluntary adoption is vital, mandating open practices through institutional policies and funding requirements can accelerate implementation.","representedInStars":false}
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{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c2","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/0e15bffab65b42cb","nativeRecordCid":"9b312e8d-e61b-4ed3-9137-129efb8a934e","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c2","text":"Some of the most precious qualities of academic culture resist simple quantification.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"academic culture","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Some of the most precious qualities of academic culture\nresist simple quantification, and individual indicators can struggle to do justice to the richness and\nplurality of our research.","representedInStars":false}
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{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c6","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/fc8f2f3e51a742cc","nativeRecordCid":"332a5779-afff-484c-b865-e013c93a6e38","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c6","text":"Metrics are constitutive of values.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"metrics","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Metrics hold real power: they are\nconstitutive of values, identities and livelihoods.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c7","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/b1553b0834774ab4","nativeRecordCid":"9e16ec71-efe0-4336-8bc7-6001d46e3fda","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c7","text":"Metrics are constitutive of identities.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"metrics","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Metrics hold real power: they are\nconstitutive of values, identities and livelihoods.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c8","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/b3b4acc2120b4363","nativeRecordCid":"80120961-f458-4f6f-bf7f-96ace2981f39","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c8","text":"Metrics are constitutive of livelihoods.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"metrics","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Metrics hold real power: they are\nconstitutive of values, identities and livelihoods.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c9","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/cbd3214da8434560","nativeRecordCid":"e470ad73-1a71-4956-a523-c472d873c3af","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c9","text":"The use of metrics in higher education and research is increasing.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"use of metrics","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The metric tide is certainly rising.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c10","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/976511955bc340a7","nativeRecordCid":"bc3b3786-f982-4c12-8d74-cb6336a5df29","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c10","text":"There are growing pressures for audit and evaluation of public spending on higher education and research.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"drivers of increased use of metrics","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"There are powerful currents whipping up the metric tide. These include growing pressures for\naudit and evaluation of public spending on higher education and research; demands by policymakers\nfor more strategic intelligence on research quality and impact; the need for institutions to manage and\ndevelop their strategies for research; competition within and between institutions for prestige,\nstudents, staff and resources; and increases in the availability of real-time ‘big data’ on research\nuptake, and the capacity of tools for analysing them.","representedInStars":false}
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{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c12","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/8c889da544c8474e","nativeRecordCid":"eabbf59d-1a85-485a-827b-4b4be4720110","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c12","text":"Institutions need to manage and develop their strategies for research.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"institutions","subject":"institutional research strategies","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"There are powerful currents whipping up the metric tide. These include growing pressures for\naudit and evaluation of public spending on higher education and research; demands by policymakers\nfor more strategic intelligence on research quality and impact; the need for institutions to manage and\ndevelop their strategies for research; competition within and between institutions for prestige,\nstudents, staff and resources; and increases in the availability of real-time ‘big data’ on research\nuptake, and the capacity of tools for analysing them.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c13","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/6826472e74294104","nativeRecordCid":"4572ecd4-9811-44fb-9e24-3027de7a7006","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c13","text":"There is competition within and between institutions for prestige, students, staff and resources.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"institutional competition","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"There are powerful currents whipping up the metric tide. These include growing pressures for\naudit and evaluation of public spending on higher education and research; demands by policymakers\nfor more strategic intelligence on research quality and impact; the need for institutions to manage and\ndevelop their strategies for research; competition within and between institutions for prestige,\nstudents, staff and resources; and increases in the availability of real-time ‘big data’ on research\nuptake, and the capacity of tools for analysing them.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c14","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/b60c301a400c423d","nativeRecordCid":"9099427f-e516-4c5d-a387-49439c131425","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c14","text":"There has been an increase in the availability of real-time 'big data' on research uptake.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"availability of real-time big data on research uptake","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"There are powerful currents whipping up the metric tide. These include growing pressures for\naudit and evaluation of public spending on higher education and research; demands by policymakers\nfor more strategic intelligence on research quality and impact; the need for institutions to manage and\ndevelop their strategies for research; competition within and between institutions for prestige,\nstudents, staff and resources; and increases in the availability of real-time ‘big data’ on research\nuptake, and the capacity of tools for analysing them.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c15","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/06050f0ad33242a7","nativeRecordCid":"ad6b5498-bb46-431c-b683-37a9bd599979","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c15","text":"There has been an increase in the capacity of tools for analysing real-time 'big data' on research uptake.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"capacity of tools for analysing research uptake data","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"There are powerful currents whipping up the metric tide. These include growing pressures for\naudit and evaluation of public spending on higher education and research; demands by policymakers\nfor more strategic intelligence on research quality and impact; the need for institutions to manage and\ndevelop their strategies for research; competition within and between institutions for prestige,\nstudents, staff and resources; and increases in the availability of real-time ‘big data’ on research\nuptake, and the capacity of tools for analysing them.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c16","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/ed09f909fcef4239","nativeRecordCid":"c65cbeb0-e989-4d45-a36a-0b58bceeb9e9","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c16","text":"The description, production and consumption of 'metrics' remains contested and open to misunderstandings across the research community.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"description, production and consumption of metrics","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Across the research community, the description, production and consumption of ‘metrics’\nremains contested and open to misunderstandings.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c17","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/c9b2d8145956489a","nativeRecordCid":"fb634948-c75b-4656-9e7c-53ea1cff57a1","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c17","text":"Wider use of quantitative indicators could support the transition to a more open, accountable and outward-facing research system.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"wider use of quantitative indicators","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"In a positive sense, wider use of quantitative\nindicators, and the emergence of alternative metrics for societal impact, could support the transition to\na more open, accountable and outward-facing research system.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c18","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/c9aeaebc48c84294","nativeRecordCid":"e96ad427-0893-4baf-9124-7d8d4cd36e51","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c18","text":"The emergence of alternative metrics for societal impact could support the transition to a more open, accountable and outward-facing research system.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"alternative metrics for societal impact","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"In a positive sense, wider use of quantitative\nindicators, and the emergence of alternative metrics for societal impact, could support the transition to\na more open, accountable and outward-facing research system.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c19","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/01b2ffb0862e4e14","nativeRecordCid":"cce72a8d-9c8d-4853-bece-abcba673cddb","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c19","text":"Placing too much emphasis on narrow, poorly-designed indicators can have negative consequences.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"narrow, poorly-designed indicators","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"But placing too much emphasis on\nnarrow, poorly-designed indicators – such as journal impact factors (JIFs) – can have negative\nconsequences, as reflected by the 2013 San Francisco Declaration on Research Assessment (DORA),","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c20","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/17640a85fb4447ff","nativeRecordCid":"ed281258-648a-4810-a1d2-d5da30d0243b","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c20","text":"Peer review, despite its flaws and limitations, continues to command widespread support across disciplines.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"peer review","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Peer review, despite its flaws and limitations, continues to command widespread support across\ndisciplines.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c21","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/842ea2baa9c54c45","nativeRecordCid":"3d53ce6b-6a99-4b0e-8f8b-ef5d3176620a","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c21","text":"Metrics should support, not supplant, expert judgement.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"metrics","subject":"metrics","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Metrics should support, not supplant, expert judgement.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c22","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/d075bb994dd84161","nativeRecordCid":"d2e04dbe-d598-4be6-a9d4-8459f1fbff23","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c22","text":"Peer review is not perfect.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"peer review","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Peer review is not perfect, but it\nis the least worst form of academic governance we have, and should remain the primary basis for\nassessing research papers, proposals and individuals, and for national assessment exercises like the\nREF.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c23","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/d75ca62623994c34","nativeRecordCid":"c70d9b41-dd1d-4713-a92c-69fed1d9084d","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c23","text":"Peer review is the least worst form of academic governance available.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"peer review","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Peer review is not perfect, but it\nis the least worst form of academic governance we have, and should remain the primary basis for\nassessing research papers, proposals and individuals, and for national assessment exercises like the\nREF.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c24","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/3ce8712f39c64e3d","nativeRecordCid":"b303b616-9c2a-45a3-bc76-c08812491ceb","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c24","text":"Peer review should remain the primary basis for assessing research papers.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"","subject":"peer review","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Peer review is not perfect, but it\nis the least worst form of academic governance we have, and should remain the primary basis for\nassessing research papers, proposals and individuals, and for national assessment exercises like the\nREF.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c25","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/1fabd09491af43b0","nativeRecordCid":"719b03c3-354f-46f3-8c11-486a3b0442d7","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c25","text":"Peer review should remain the primary basis for assessing research proposals.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"","subject":"peer review","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Peer review is not perfect, but it\nis the least worst form of academic governance we have, and should remain the primary basis for\nassessing research papers, proposals and individuals, and for national assessment exercises like the\nREF.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c26","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/b3d46c1a9aae4c11","nativeRecordCid":"72db0350-ee3f-466e-a48b-c02447dce00b","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c26","text":"Peer review should remain the primary basis for assessing individuals.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"","subject":"peer review","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Peer review is not perfect, but it\nis the least worst form of academic governance we have, and should remain the primary basis for\nassessing research papers, proposals and individuals, and for national assessment exercises like the\nREF.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c27","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/2e8f20ff24994cbd","nativeRecordCid":"760313e8-4e26-4a41-b4bb-ad51d22b441f","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c27","text":"Peer review should remain the primary basis for national assessment exercises like the REF.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"","subject":"peer review","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Peer review is not perfect, but it\nis the least worst form of academic governance we have, and should remain the primary basis for\nassessing research papers, proposals and individuals, and for national assessment exercises like the\nREF.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c28","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/36b2196654db4101","nativeRecordCid":"e518dded-bfc6-4324-8119-e9dec018827f","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c28","text":"Carefully selected and applied quantitative indicators can be a useful complement to other forms of evaluation and decision-making.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"quantitative indicators","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"However, carefully selected and applied quantitative indicators can be a useful complement to\nother forms of evaluation and decision-making.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c29","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/787c710c46c44d0b","nativeRecordCid":"75f5e1c2-f13c-40cf-a2b2-d711ae3ef109","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c29","text":"One size is unlikely to fit all in research assessment.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"research assessment approaches","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"One size is unlikely to fit all: a mature research\nsystem needs a variable geometry of expert judgement, quantitative and qualitative indicators.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c30","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/0bce307d37d84d13","nativeRecordCid":"0b921677-0a84-456d-87ad-dc4c9143e7dc","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c30","text":"A mature research system needs a variable geometry of expert judgement, quantitative and qualitative indicators.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"","subject":"mature research system","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"One size is unlikely to fit all: a mature research\nsystem needs a variable geometry of expert judgement, quantitative and qualitative indicators.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c31","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/cb13e7c678824442","nativeRecordCid":"a8f7c6d6-dadb-4186-b270-41e65936bec2","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c31","text":"Research assessment needs to be undertaken with due regard for context and disciplinary diversity.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"","subject":"research assessment","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Research assessment needs to be undertaken with due regard for context and disciplinary diversity.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c32","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/53999b53fac544a3","nativeRecordCid":"c269f4e3-d8f2-4664-99d7-1d67dc21134e","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c32","text":"Academic quality is highly context-specific.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"academic quality","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Academic quality is highly context-specific, and it is sensible to think in terms of research qualities,\nrather than striving for a single definition or measure of quality.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c33","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/0cb537ed773846e6","nativeRecordCid":"b75ea14f-9c18-426d-b28b-88ce064e85c0","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c33","text":"Research assessment should think in terms of research qualities rather than striving for a single definition or measure of quality.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"","subject":"approach to academic quality","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Academic quality is highly context-specific, and it is sensible to think in terms of research qualities,\nrather than striving for a single definition or measure of quality.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c34","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/8d164daf6e5b4327","nativeRecordCid":"f48a8910-b959-4daf-9109-afd99bab8758","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c34","text":"Inappropriate indicators create perverse incentives.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"inappropriate indicators","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Inappropriate indicators create\nperverse incentives.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c35","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/d5c47f3b52be4541","nativeRecordCid":"6b9d4cd6-f928-475d-b62a-419a8f50662f","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c35","text":"Some quantitative indicators can be gamed.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"quantitative indicators","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"There is legitimate concern that some quantitative indicators can be gamed, or can\nlead to unintended consequences; journal impact factors and citation counts are two prominent\nexamples.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c36","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/ef29e7c87f0b4b7f","nativeRecordCid":"04fff95c-5891-47a5-9718-3cb4e83dab6a","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c36","text":"Some quantitative indicators can lead to unintended consequences.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"quantitative indicators","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"There is legitimate concern that some quantitative indicators can be gamed, or can\nlead to unintended consequences; journal impact factors and citation counts are two prominent\nexamples.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c37","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/9f6d150de9b54476","nativeRecordCid":"a977671a-ea54-4424-842b-ca9e1b32032d","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c37","text":"Negative consequences of quantitative indicators need to be identified, acknowledged and addressed.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"","subject":"consequences of quantitative indicators","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"acknowledged and addressed. Linked to this, there is a need for greater transparency in the\nconstruction and use of indicators, particularly for university rankings and league tables.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c38","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/b865e5d8e6504ea7","nativeRecordCid":"22bc3a77-243a-44f6-8c5a-fe3cd1c894c9","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c38","text":"There is a need for greater transparency in the construction and use of indicators, particularly for university rankings and league tables.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"","subject":"construction and use of indicators","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"acknowledged and addressed. Linked to this, there is a need for greater transparency in the\nconstruction and use of indicators, particularly for university rankings and league tables.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c39","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/cf5cba76977b457e","nativeRecordCid":"0aecc782-3b7a-4e88-9d9c-f758b53ad96f","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c39","text":"Those involved in research assessment and management should behave responsibly, considering and pre-empting negative consequences wherever possible, particularly in terms of equality and diversity.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"those involved in research assessment and management","subject":"research assessment and management practices","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Those\ninvolved in research assessment and management should behave responsibly, considering and pre-\nempting negative consequences wherever possible, particularly in terms of equality and diversity.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c40","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/db5a05f72f0d4fd7","nativeRecordCid":"cb4a4b4e-0f48-47bd-b406-41e23e5cbbff","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c40","text":"Indicators can only meet their potential if they are underpinned by an open and interoperable data infrastructure.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"","subject":"indicators","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Indicators can only meet their potential if they are underpinned by an open and interoperable\ndata infrastructure.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c41","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/dc44ceec4b8c411e","nativeRecordCid":"f610a59b-ce97-4a20-8726-f3cdb9681f84","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c41","text":"How underlying data are collected and processed, and the extent to which they remain open to interrogation, is crucial.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"underlying data","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"How underlying data are collected and processed – and the extent to which they remain open to\ninterrogation – is crucial.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c42","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/1ddf96044b6a414b","nativeRecordCid":"27c99a3d-5f33-4e66-ad9b-2ab25c1e0cd8","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c42","text":"How underlying data are collected and processed is crucial.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"data collection and processing","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"How underlying data are collected and processed – and the extent to which they\nremain open to interrogation – is crucial.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c43","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/f9b1395676034f41","nativeRecordCid":"ba386df5-4901-4c63-b7e4-3a7f440bd054","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c43","text":"The extent to which underlying data remain open to interrogation is crucial.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"openness of underlying data to interrogation","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"How underlying data are collected and processed – and the extent to which they\nremain open to interrogation – is crucial.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c44","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/b7e218d07fe84f71","nativeRecordCid":"28c0fb36-072d-4ee3-a5d2-8c7883108dec","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c44","text":"The right identifiers, standards and semantics are needed for metrics to be contextually robust and properly understood.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"","subject":"identifiers, standards and semantics for metrics","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Without the right identifiers, standards and semantics, we\nrisk developing metrics that are not contextually robust or properly understood.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c45","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/3e38fc37a84c45b7","nativeRecordCid":"01555e44-7db3-487a-9117-b5d58de56fb4","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c45","text":"The systems used by higher education institutions, funders and publishers need to interoperate better.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"higher education institutions, funders and publishers","subject":"systems used by HEIs, funders and publishers","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The systems used by\nhigher education institutions (HEIs), funders and publishers need to interoperate better, and\ndefinitions of research-related concepts need to be harmonised.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c46","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/3ec070b4067448dc","nativeRecordCid":"127faac2-12b7-44b4-8454-3b0e18c97428","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c46","text":"Definitions of research-related concepts need to be harmonised.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"","subject":"definitions of research-related concepts","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The systems used by\nhigher education institutions (HEIs), funders and publishers need to interoperate better, and\ndefinitions of research-related concepts need to be harmonised.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c47","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/e9dede516c7447ea","nativeRecordCid":"856ef1d8-0ba1-424a-9b35-8029ff1919db","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c47","text":"Information about research, particularly about funding inputs, remains fragmented.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"information about research","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Information about research –\nparticularly about funding inputs – remains fragmented.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c48","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/01c6259eb75b49fd","nativeRecordCid":"0e39bfb8-7b41-43ac-99fc-5ef6ea6f3a3a","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c48","text":"Unique identifiers for individuals and research works will gradually improve the robustness of metrics.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"unique identifiers for individuals and research works","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Unique identifiers for individuals and\nresearch works will gradually improve the robustness of metrics and reduce administrative burden.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c49","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/5a181b9d233f4dad","nativeRecordCid":"e668e2d3-a79a-45b3-a448-1a57c84dcc53","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c49","text":"Unique identifiers for individuals and research works will gradually reduce administrative burden.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"unique identifiers for individuals and research works","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Unique identifiers for individuals and\nresearch works will gradually improve the robustness of metrics and reduce administrative burden.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c50","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/51dfa3a51a4149a0","nativeRecordCid":"3b4a2ae8-a405-48f8-b443-2ce1eb8c57cb","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c50","text":"Further use of quantitative indicators in research assessment and management cannot currently be relied on to reduce costs.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"further use of quantitative indicators","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"At present, further use of quantitative indicators in research assessment and management\ncannot be relied on to reduce costs or administrative burden.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c51","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/14b7f25e22be46df","nativeRecordCid":"7b49cb45-9c3c-43a6-ba60-773076d91ebd","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c51","text":"Further use of quantitative indicators in research assessment and management cannot currently be relied on to reduce administrative burden.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"further use of quantitative indicators","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"At present, further use of quantitative indicators in research assessment and management\ncannot be relied on to reduce costs or administrative burden.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c52","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/0452ac6d008844d8","nativeRecordCid":"739fb358-292e-457b-b806-f8d89c69f87d","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c52","text":"Unless existing processes such as peer review are reduced as additional metrics are added, there will be an overall increase in burden.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"burden of research assessment processes","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Unless existing processes, such\nas peer review, are reduced as additional metrics are added, there will be an overall increase in\nburden.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c53","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/4a7af419bd8e4f91","nativeRecordCid":"8330489b-1221-4203-9f5f-0a0f4cdcece3","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c53","text":"As the underlying data infrastructure is improved and metrics become more robust and trusted by the community, the additional burden of collecting and assessing metrics could be outweighed by the reduction of peer review effort in some areas.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"burden of collecting and assessing metrics","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"However, as the underlying data infrastructure is improved and metrics become more\nrobust and trusted by the community, it is likely that the additional burden of collecting and\nassessing metrics could be outweighed by the reduction of peer review effort in some areas –\nand indeed by other uses for the data.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c54","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/6defca4ede324343","nativeRecordCid":"1e811d26-bc2f-4afd-a338-3f90557c142c","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c54","text":"As the underlying data infrastructure is improved and metrics become more robust and trusted by the community, the additional burden of collecting and assessing metrics could be outweighed by other uses for the data.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"burden of collecting and assessing metrics","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"However, as the underlying data infrastructure is improved and metrics become more\nrobust and trusted by the community, it is likely that the additional burden of collecting and\nassessing metrics could be outweighed by the reduction of peer review effort in some areas –\nand indeed by other uses for the data.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c55","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/9a9a817ccfa64a77","nativeRecordCid":"6c60eca9-81b7-42ef-a951-89bd7d7ff89a","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c55","text":"Evidence of a robust relationship between newer metrics and research quality remains very limited.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"relationship between newer metrics and research quality","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Evidence of a robust relationship between newer metrics\nand research quality remains very limited, and more experimentation is needed.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c56","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/b35a7c379e7840c4","nativeRecordCid":"969929a8-cda4-4d67-950c-fd840d483332","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c56","text":"More experimentation on the relationship between newer metrics and research quality is needed.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"","subject":"experimentation on metrics and research quality","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Evidence of a robust relationship between newer metrics\nand research quality remains very limited, and more experimentation is needed.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c57","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/53f26e60c2064901","nativeRecordCid":"abe4e334-f69f-40ae-9ecd-a82e2c27164d","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c57","text":"Patent citations may have potential in some fields for quantifying impact and progression.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"patent citations","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Indicators\nsuch as patent citations and clinical guideline citations may have potential in some fields for\nquantifying impact and progression.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c58","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/b16c306545294f11","nativeRecordCid":"fa92ee17-2d12-4ce5-ac17-1018ed4e712d","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c58","text":"Clinical guideline citations may have potential in some fields for quantifying impact and progression.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"clinical guideline citations","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Indicators\nsuch as patent citations and clinical guideline citations may have potential in some fields for\nquantifying impact and progression.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c59","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/dec8912a05564a93","nativeRecordCid":"d583632c-38f0-46c8-a44e-b4c57791bf7e","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c59","text":"Individual metrics give significantly different outcomes from the REF peer review process.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"individual metrics compared to REF peer review","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Our correlation analysis of the REF2014 results at output-by-author level (Supplementary\nReport II) has shown that individual metrics give significantly different outcomes from the REF\npeer review process, and therefore cannot provide a like-for-like replacement for REF peer\nreview.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c60","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/658e2f2d0dea41f6","nativeRecordCid":"ec422066-29c0-4fb0-a893-1bbe72d8243d","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c60","text":"Individual metrics cannot provide a like-for-like replacement for REF peer review.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"individual metrics compared to REF peer review","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Our correlation analysis of the REF2014 results at output-by-author level (Supplementary\nReport II) has shown that individual metrics give significantly different outcomes from the REF\npeer review process, and therefore cannot provide a like-for-like replacement for REF peer\nreview.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c61","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/29af3d8c4cd34441","nativeRecordCid":"592d8541-f02e-4293-b57e-2c43e5541f22","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c61","text":"There is large variation in the coverage of metrics across the REF submission.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"coverage of metrics across the REF submission","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"There is\nlarge variation in the coverage of metrics across the REF submission, with particular issues with\ncoverage in units of assessment (UOAs) in REF Main Panel D (mainly arts & humanities).","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c62","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/0d9f963b235f4d20","nativeRecordCid":"af2736e4-a8ca-4026-af73-46b51346a0ec","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c62","text":"There are particular issues with the coverage of metrics in units of assessment in REF Main Panel D (mainly arts and humanities).","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"metrics coverage in REF Main Panel D","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"There is\nlarge variation in the coverage of metrics across the REF submission, with particular issues with\ncoverage in units of assessment (UOAs) in REF Main Panel D (mainly arts & humanities).","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c63","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/ea8b4e17a0f741f7","nativeRecordCid":"9b66319b-dd01-4c67-b490-1f6b54a91e75","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c63","text":"There are statistically significant differences in the correlation with REF scores for early-career researchers in a small number of units of assessment.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"correlation with REF scores for early-career researchers","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"There is\nalso evidence to suggest statistically significant differences in the correlation with REF scores for\nearly-career researchers and women in a small number of UOAs.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c64","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/6d6a9f481f47483a","nativeRecordCid":"abe8253d-1454-4d3a-9f84-369230db4c2a","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c64","text":"There are statistically significant differences in the correlation with REF scores for women in a small number of units of assessment.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"correlation with REF scores for women","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"There is\nalso evidence to suggest statistically significant differences in the correlation with REF scores for\nearly-career researchers and women in a small number of UOAs.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c65","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/faf4949e81ec413b","nativeRecordCid":"b5112129-4b63-400c-8f44-f364034e6739","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c65","text":"Within the REF, it is not currently feasible to assess the quality of units of assessment using quantitative indicators alone.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"assessment of unit-of-assessment quality within the REF","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Within the REF, it is not currently feasible to assess the quality of UOAs using quantitative\nindicators alone.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c66","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/5b792efb2bea46d8","nativeRecordCid":"d50cc616-1c78-4679-a12e-52400919b08c","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c66","text":"No set of numbers, however broad, is likely to be able to capture the multifaceted and nuanced judgements on the quality of research outputs that the REF process currently provides.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"quantitative indicators vs REF peer review judgements","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Even if technical problems of coverage and bias can be overcome, no set of numbers,\nhowever broad, is likely to be able to capture the multifaceted and nuanced judgements on the quality\nof research outputs that the REF process currently provides.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c67","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/445e80238cb74022","nativeRecordCid":"88d5ca24-f60a-4d98-9c0e-bd996816f234","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c67","text":"For the impact component of the REF, it is not currently feasible to use quantitative indicators in place of narrative impact case studies or the impact template.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"REF impact component assessment","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Similarly, for the impact component of the REF, it is not currently feasible to use quantitative\nindicators in place of narrative impact case studies, or the impact template.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c68","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/768bb41b702846c2","nativeRecordCid":"d70a410e-a043-4bf7-96cc-72e32267e630","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c68","text":"The concept of impact might narrow and become too specifically defined by the ready availability of indicators for some types of impact and not for others.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"concept of impact in the REF","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"There is a danger that\nthe concept of impact might narrow and become too specifically defined by the ready availability of\nindicators for some types of impact and not for others.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c69","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/30eb52862f064836","nativeRecordCid":"7d0ec675-c5c9-4e1c-8615-f1b2ba227f29","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c69","text":"For an exercise like the REF, where HEIs are competing for funds, defining impact through quantitative indicators is likely to constrain thinking around which impact stories have greatest currency and should be submitted.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"quantitative indicators of impact in the REF","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"For an exercise like the REF, where HEIs are competing for funds, defining impact through quantitative indicators is likely to constrain thinking\naround which impact stories have greatest currency and should be submitted, potentially constraining\nthe diversity of the UK’s research base.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c70","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/5bf4d27193cb43bc","nativeRecordCid":"cb1d842b-8fca-42e1-88b0-159c66c5fcc2","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c70","text":"Defining impact through quantitative indicators for the REF potentially constrains the diversity of the UK's research base.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"quantitative indicators of impact in the REF","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"defining impact through quantitative indicators is likely to constrain thinking\naround which impact stories have greatest currency and should be submitted, potentially constraining\nthe diversity of the UK’s research base.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c71","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/04e4216bf1d748e3","nativeRecordCid":"1a98348e-2269-4472-b126-360d7598fe38","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c71","text":"There is a need for more research on research.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"","subject":"research on research","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"There is a need for more research on research.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c72","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/65fb0d9328e64450","nativeRecordCid":"a9a70a85-464b-4d46-9a6d-98be048fcfb5","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c72","text":"The study of research systems, sometimes called the 'science of science policy', is poorly funded in the UK.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"study of research systems","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The study of research systems – sometimes\ncalled the ‘science of science policy’ – is poorly funded in the UK.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c73","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/ec41d2d1ee6d402b","nativeRecordCid":"2ebe458c-a62f-48c7-a7f7-1d7e96fa6e6b","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c73","text":"The evidence to address the questions explored throughout this review remains too limited.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"evidence on research assessment questions","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The evidence to address the questions that we have been exploring throughout this review\nremains too limited","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c74","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/b11a38be58f64b4f","nativeRecordCid":"68d8270b-ed80-49bf-b53e-b9210357cf02","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c74","text":"The questions being asked by funders and HEIs about research funding and investment decisions are not new.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"questions about research funding and investment decisions","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"but the questions\nbeing asked by funders and HEIs – ‘What should we fund?’ ‘How best should we fund?’ ‘Who should\nwe hire/promote/invest in?’ – are far from new and can only become more pressing.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c75","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/af6ea145795e4c2e","nativeRecordCid":"83d4bb8c-6fcd-4cce-ba68-7ce1baa555dd","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c75","text":"Questions about research funding and investment decisions can only become more pressing.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"questions about research funding and investment decisions","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"but the questions\nbeing asked by funders and HEIs – ‘What should we fund?’ ‘How best should we fund?’ ‘Who should\nwe hire/promote/invest in?’ – are far from new and can only become more pressing.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c76","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/72823be8faee49a3","nativeRecordCid":"3ebe00cc-93d4-4176-940d-084a326ee862","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c76","text":"More investment is needed as part of a coordinated UK effort to improve the evidence base on research systems.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"","subject":"evidence base on research systems","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"More investment\nis needed as part of a coordinated UK effort to improve the evidence base in this area.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c77","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/1cdf9c5534384920","nativeRecordCid":"299bdc18-376f-4192-93a2-ea02ff472dcd","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c77","text":"There is potential for the scientometrics community to play a more strategic role in informing how quantitative indicators are used across the research system and by policymakers.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"scientometrics community's role","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Linked to this,\nthere is potential for the scientometrics community to play a more strategic role in informing how\nquantitative indicators are used across the research system, and by policymakers.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c78","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/a852432d176246c9","nativeRecordCid":"3edc8c83-bf90-40ab-8f13-1b52b10096d2","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c78","text":"The concept of 'responsible research and innovation' (RRI) has gained currency as a framework for research governance.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"responsible research and innovation (RRI)","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"In recent years, the concept of ‘responsible research and innovation’ (RRI) has gained currency as a\nframework for research governance.","representedInStars":false}
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{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c80","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/6c20864da37443c6","nativeRecordCid":"00d81b6e-53a3-4d55-b1b1-026386ca6583","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c80","text":"Responsible metrics includes the dimension of robustness, meaning basing metrics on the best possible data in terms of accuracy and scope.","kind":"definitional","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"responsible metrics: robustness","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Robustness: basing metrics on the best possible data in terms of accuracy and scope;","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c81","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/47a5cb9326394005","nativeRecordCid":"8a55f8ef-99b2-4019-b694-839cf8832037","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c81","text":"Responsible metrics can be understood in terms of the dimension of humility: quantitative evaluation should support, but not supplant, qualitative, expert assessment.","kind":"definitional","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"responsible metrics dimensions","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":" Humility: recognising that quantitative evaluation should support – but not supplant\n– qualitative, expert assessment;","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c82","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/8afb22f29a514d85","nativeRecordCid":"a0196641-a7cc-4879-9fdc-f0ae77b37362","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c82","text":"Responsible metrics includes the dimension of humility, meaning recognising that quantitative evaluation should support but not supplant qualitative, expert assessment.","kind":"definitional","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"responsible metrics: humility","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Humility: recognising that quantitative evaluation should support – but not supplant\n– qualitative, expert assessment;","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c83","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/e6249640209f4a46","nativeRecordCid":"4c629ef6-4c16-4b32-b8c1-3d41def6adde","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c83","text":"Responsible metrics can be understood in terms of the dimension of transparency: keeping data collection and analytical processes open and transparent so that those being evaluated can test and verify the results.","kind":"definitional","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"responsible metrics dimensions","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":" Transparency: keeping data collection and analytical processes open and\ntransparent, so that those being evaluated can test and verify the results;","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c84","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/7faa759e9b9340d9","nativeRecordCid":"7745b42e-72f5-43a9-ac7d-c2830af1b216","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c84","text":"Responsible metrics includes the dimension of transparency, meaning keeping data collection and analytical processes open and transparent so that those being evaluated can test and verify the results.","kind":"definitional","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"responsible metrics: transparency","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Transparency: keeping data collection and analytical processes open and\ntransparent, so that those being evaluated can test and verify the results;","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c85","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/1fadcef023674e36","nativeRecordCid":"c7897420-c1de-4059-80c3-92a4bf350097","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c85","text":"Responsible metrics includes the dimension of diversity, meaning accounting for variation by field and using a range of indicators to reflect and support a plurality of research and researcher career paths across the system.","kind":"definitional","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"responsible metrics: diversity","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Diversity: accounting for variation by field, and using a range of indicators to reflect\nand support a plurality of research and researcher career paths across the system;","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c86","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/c799ede10f60467f","nativeRecordCid":"d010f69e-c9cf-49f7-9ba9-562a5f4f7dd8","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c86","text":"Research assessment should account for variation by field.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"","subject":"research assessment indicators","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Diversity: accounting for variation by field, and using a range of indicators to reflect\nand support a plurality of research and researcher career paths across the system;","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c87","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/b51d38159e9e4d10","nativeRecordCid":"52f51150-e9b5-49d9-8134-30155748787b","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c87","text":"Research assessment should use a range of indicators to reflect and support a plurality of research and researcher career paths across the system.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"","subject":"research assessment indicators","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"using a range of indicators to reflect\nand support a plurality of research and researcher career paths across the system","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c88","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/5af2d167e53c4681","nativeRecordCid":"9ac45594-47e0-4dca-a1d5-5ccff50d67c6","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c88","text":"Responsible metrics includes the dimension of reflexivity, meaning recognising and anticipating the systemic and potential effects of indicators, and updating them in response.","kind":"definitional","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"responsible metrics: reflexivity","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Reflexivity: recognising and anticipating the systemic and potential effects of\nindicators, and updating them in response.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c89","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/229b79e8e0ea4fe1","nativeRecordCid":"77a16580-ee7b-4742-8ec2-f9614bee936a","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c89","text":"The systemic and potential effects of indicators should be recognised and anticipated.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"","subject":"effects of indicators","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Reflexivity: recognising and anticipating the systemic and potential effects of\nindicators, and updating them in response.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c90","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/4bb6f3d5d9884667","nativeRecordCid":"0d04a7ac-da0a-483d-8f6a-eb1bffd3a177","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c90","text":"Indicators should be updated in response to their systemic and potential effects.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"","subject":"indicators","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"and updating them in response.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c91","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/b356b23cc45640a2","nativeRecordCid":"4af98579-950f-4656-af4a-3f3da49e4e6e","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c91","text":"Broader attempts to strengthen research governance, management and assessment have been gathering momentum.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"attempts to strengthen research governance, management and assessment","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"should be seen as part\nof broader attempts to strengthen research governance, management and assessment which have been\ngathering momentum, and where the UK is well positioned to play a leading role internationally.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c92","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/87dc4e42b970433e","nativeRecordCid":"af9a0e66-e573-48ee-8fe4-dfe8b62960aa","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c92","text":"The UK is well positioned to play a leading role internationally in strengthening research governance, management and assessment.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"UK's international position in research governance","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"should be seen as part\nof broader attempts to strengthen research governance, management and assessment which have been\ngathering momentum, and where the UK is well positioned to play a leading role internationally.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c93","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/b24375d93bb74e7f","nativeRecordCid":"beb2f81c-9584-41a0-9dd5-a2797c1edefa","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c93","text":"The research community should develop a more sophisticated and nuanced approach to the contribution and limitations of quantitative indicators.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"research community (HEIs, funders, managers, researchers)","subject":"approach to quantitative indicators","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The research community should develop a more sophisticated and nuanced approach to the\ncontribution and limitations of quantitative indicators.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c94","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/f994b9a3dbc94a16","nativeRecordCid":"3c4ae498-c018-4ac7-9150-7098161eba4c","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c94","text":"Greater care with language and terminology around indicators is needed.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"research community","subject":"language and terminology on metrics","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Greater care with language and terminology is\nneeded.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c95","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/7637be7483f34af2","nativeRecordCid":"b4db8694-0ada-441e-982f-29e58ebee513","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c95","text":"The term 'metrics' is often unhelpful.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"the term 'metrics'","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The term ‘metrics’ is often unhelpful;","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c96","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/2559ceb3d43445d2","nativeRecordCid":"5052a073-d1fa-4e96-af8b-63f312becc22","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c96","text":"The preferred term 'indicators' reflects a recognition that data may lack specific relevance, even if they are useful overall.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"the term 'indicators'","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"the preferred term ‘indicators’ reflects a recognition that\ndata may lack specific relevance, even if they are useful overall.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c97","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/cdda0319afdc47b0","nativeRecordCid":"08d99342-a697-43ca-88e0-d992d3aa8c65","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c97","text":"HEI leaders should develop a clear statement of principles on their approach to research management and assessment, including the role of quantitative indicators.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"HEI leaders (heads of institutions, heads of research, HEI governors)","subject":"institutional principles on research management and assessment","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"At an institutional level, HEI leaders should develop a clear statement of principles on their\napproach to research management and assessment, including the role of quantitative indicators.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c98","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/beced6b1433b4f71","nativeRecordCid":"bd4a323f-7689-47b8-a30f-c41636388bca","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c98","text":"On the basis of their principles, HEI leaders should carefully select quantitative indicators that are appropriate to their institutional aims and context.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"HEI leaders","subject":"selection of quantitative indicators","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"On the\nbasis of these principles, they should carefully select quantitative indicators that are appropriate to\ntheir institutional aims and context.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c99","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/573e7e8e16b84550","nativeRecordCid":"6fe2709d-e94d-4ad5-adb0-debbf20fd7ce","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c99","text":"Where institutions are making use of league tables and ranking measures, they should explain why they are using these as a means to achieve particular ends.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"HEIs","subject":"use of league tables and ranking measures","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Where institutions are making use of league tables and ranking\nmeasures, they should explain why they are using these as a means to achieve particular ends.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c100","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/1474c72218734286","nativeRecordCid":"027225a2-b656-4050-a2d9-f75df0300052","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c100","text":"Where possible, alternative indicators that support equality and diversity should be identified and included.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"HEI leaders","subject":"alternative indicators supporting equality and diversity","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Where possible, alternative indicators that support equality and diversity should be identified and included.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c101","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/f6d0d4fe295842cb","nativeRecordCid":"71385bf0-8bd7-4987-b269-0e699036bede","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c101","text":"Clear communication of the rationale for selecting particular indicators, and how they will be used as a management tool, is paramount.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"HEIs","subject":"communication of rationale for indicator selection","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Clear\ncommunication of the rationale for selecting particular indicators, and how they will be used as a\nmanagement tool, is paramount.","representedInStars":true}
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{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c127","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/1dac5c9a2c4d4b0c","nativeRecordCid":"6662a8fa-2842-4b8a-94cf-ada56feacd98","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c127","text":"Data providers, analysts and producers of university rankings and league tables should strive for greater transparency and interoperability between different measurement systems.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"data providers, analysts and producers of university rankings and league tables","subject":"transparency and interoperability of measurement systems","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Data providers, analysts and producers of university rankings and league tables should strive for\ngreater transparency and interoperability between different measurement systems.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c128","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/ece8f30829974ad3","nativeRecordCid":"48085581-2501-4590-beef-1e17abed9fda","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c128","text":"Publishers should reduce emphasis on journal impact factors as a promotional tool.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"publishers","subject":"emphasis on journal impact factors","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Publishers should reduce emphasis on journal impact factors as a promotional tool, and only use\nthem in the context of a variety of journal-based metrics that provide a richer view of performance.","representedInStars":true}
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{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c131","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/d3dce1722e9149de","nativeRecordCid":"a235d479-59d1-43d3-a64b-7b9eea8c375f","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c131","text":"The broader indicator set for journal-based metrics could include EigenFactor.","kind":"normative","modality":"may","actor":"publishers","subject":"broader journal-based indicator set","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"As suggested by DORA, this broader indicator set could include 5-year impact factor, EigenFactor,\nSCImago, editorial and publication times.","representedInStars":false}
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{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c133","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/43ca7fd7020e4ec9","nativeRecordCid":"df866241-7e7b-4980-86d3-06bf974fc37d","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c133","text":"The broader indicator set for journal-based metrics could include editorial and publication times.","kind":"normative","modality":"may","actor":"publishers","subject":"broader journal-based indicator set","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"As suggested by DORA, this broader indicator set could include 5-year impact factor, EigenFactor,\nSCImago, editorial and publication times.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c134","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/b0f468d82794401d","nativeRecordCid":"4b6e565d-8d29-4608-8653-0f18f9fac47b","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c134","text":"Publishers, with the aid of the Committee on Publication Ethics (COPE), should encourage responsible authorship practices.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"publishers","subject":"responsible authorship practices","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Publishers, with the aid of Committee on Publication Ethics\n(COPE), should encourage responsible authorship practices and the provision of more detailed\ninformation about the specific contributions of each author.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c135","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/c6dfc40976cf46d8","nativeRecordCid":"40212a0c-a4f0-431d-90bc-e2191e2d1ac9","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c135","text":"Publishers, with the aid of the Committee on Publication Ethics (COPE), should encourage the provision of more detailed information about the specific contributions of each author.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"publishers","subject":"detailed information about author contributions","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Publishers, with the aid of Committee on Publication Ethics\n(COPE), should encourage responsible authorship practices and the provision of more detailed\ninformation about the specific contributions of each author.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c136","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/d559e1b5ce14482b","nativeRecordCid":"f30fe9d9-9f93-497e-9cbe-74ca16ad4437","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c136","text":"Publishers should make available a range of article-level metrics to encourage a shift toward assessment based on the academic quality of an article rather than JIFs.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"publishers","subject":"article-level metrics","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Publishers should also make available a range of article-level metrics to encourage a shift toward assessment based on the academic quality of an article\nrather than JIFs.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c137","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/536e4ce18b7840ba","nativeRecordCid":"045a565f-7cb1-45ce-8b5c-1927ce3ea779","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c137","text":"There is a need for greater transparency and openness in research data infrastructure.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"","subject":"research data infrastructure transparency and openness","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"There is a need for greater transparency and openness in research data infrastructure.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c138","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/66f96e133d7d4c9d","nativeRecordCid":"3acd2206-17b2-4c06-ae16-2033f5bda328","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c138","text":"Greater transparency and openness are needed in research data infrastructure.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"UK HE Funding Bodies, RCUK, Jisc, data providers, managers, administrators","subject":"research data infrastructure","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"There is a need for greater transparency and openness in research data infrastructure.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c139","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/45b63b7dc7114003","nativeRecordCid":"6a06e0ca-69c3-43a0-85e8-2a7d900c3342","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c139","text":"A set of principles should be developed for technologies, practices and cultures that can support open, trustworthy research information management.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"UK HE Funding Bodies, RCUK, Jisc, data providers, managers, administrators","subject":"principles for research information management","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"A set of\nprinciples should be developed for technologies, practices and cultures that can support\nopen, trustworthy research information management.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c140","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/dd37572f75754550","nativeRecordCid":"925e325e-350d-4f25-ab0a-ebb83e552b21","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c140","text":"These principles should be adopted by funders, data providers, administrators and researchers as a foundation for further work.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"funders, data providers, administrators and researchers","subject":"adoption of research information management principles","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"These principles\nshould be adopted by funders, data providers, administrators and researchers as a foundation for\nfurther work.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c141","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/9f3a89a0e88b4b3d","nativeRecordCid":"14d443c6-b454-4816-a682-4728906fc560","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c141","text":"The UK research system should take full advantage of ORCID as its preferred system of unique identifiers.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"UK research system","subject":"ORCID as preferred unique identifier system","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The UK research system should take full advantage of ORCID as its preferred system of unique\nidentifiers.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c142","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/ea6cc733514e4c0c","nativeRecordCid":"5b1361ff-31d3-4ecc-b928-2a6c3b809855","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c142","text":"ORCID iDs should be mandatory for all researchers in the next REF.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"UK HE Funding Bodies","subject":"ORCID iDs mandatory in the REF","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"ORCID iDs should be mandatory for all researchers in the next REF.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c143","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/109f78fbf7024105","nativeRecordCid":"11f45f4a-021e-48ff-abf5-61c2ab707c7d","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c143","text":"Funders and HEIs should utilise ORCID for grant applications, management and reporting platforms.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"funders and HEIs","subject":"use of ORCID for grants","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Funders and HEIs\nshould utilise ORCID for grant applications, management and reporting platforms, and the benefits of\nORCID need to be better communicated to researchers.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c144","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/b8d81e643814482c","nativeRecordCid":"ce95bdbe-5160-45aa-bbe6-8a204823e288","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c144","text":"The benefits of ORCID need to be better communicated to researchers.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"funders and HEIs","subject":"communication of ORCID benefits","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Funders and HEIs\nshould utilise ORCID for grant applications, management and reporting platforms, and the benefits of\nORCID need to be better communicated to researchers.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c145","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/cd4911946a3041c4","nativeRecordCid":"4af68308-e4a4-402d-a883-744192832bf5","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c145","text":"Identifiers are also needed for institutions.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"","subject":"institutional identifiers","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Identifiers are also needed for institutions, and the most likely candidate for a global solution is the\nISNI, which already has good coverage of publishers, funders and research organisations.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c146","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/c5ae3c4a0a764f4d","nativeRecordCid":"76406d88-db8a-4a38-bc5d-b8bf98f0207c","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c146","text":"ISNI is the most likely candidate for a global institutional identifier solution.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"ISNI as global institutional identifier solution","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Identifiers are also needed for institutions, and the most likely candidate for a global solution is the\nISNI, which already has good coverage of publishers, funders and research organisations.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c147","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/cb92e3318a784943","nativeRecordCid":"9bed1827-cef3-4c4d-9b19-9fed4fe49e90","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c147","text":"ISNI already has good coverage of publishers, funders and research organisations.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"ISNI coverage","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Identifiers are also needed for institutions, and the most likely candidate for a global solution is the\nISNI, which already has good coverage of publishers, funders and research organisations.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c148","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/1210c6f18dd64434","nativeRecordCid":"8aaac148-dd9b-4a93-a753-60d76b905018","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c148","text":"The use of ISNIs should be extended to cover all institutions referenced in future REF submissions.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"UK HE Funding Bodies, HEIs, funders, publishers, UUK, HESA","subject":"use of ISNIs in REF submissions","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The use\nof ISNIs should therefore be extended to cover all institutions referenced in future REF submissions, and\nused more widely in internal HEI and funder management processes.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c149","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/625faf14a68c419d","nativeRecordCid":"003ae48d-722d-4948-951a-79e34c26295d","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c149","text":"ISNIs should be used more widely in internal HEI and funder management processes.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"UK HE Funding Bodies, HEIs, funders, publishers, UUK, HESA","subject":"use of ISNIs in management processes","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The use\nof ISNIs should therefore be extended to cover all institutions referenced in future REF submissions, and\nused more widely in internal HEI and funder management processes.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c150","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/9d6ebbfca7ae4ae9","nativeRecordCid":"b638a329-311b-4935-b416-00fd2fdb54a9","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c150","text":"Various organisational identifier systems should be mapped against ISNI to allow the various existing systems to interoperate.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"UK HE Funding Bodies, HEIs, funders, publishers, UUK, HESA","subject":"mapping organisational identifier systems against ISNI","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"One component of the solution will\nbe to map the various organisational identifier systems against ISNI to allow the various existing systems\nto interoperate.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c151","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/88221a9383ba40b0","nativeRecordCid":"dda90ffe-e055-406b-bf1f-7c4ed58ab2fe","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c151","text":"Publishers should mandate ORCID iDs and ISNIs and funder grant references for article submission.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"publishers","subject":"mandating ORCID/ISNI/funder grant references","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Publishers should mandate ORCID iDs and ISNIs and funder grant references for article\nsubmission, and retain this metadata throughout the publication lifecycle.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c152","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/70934c746c48454b","nativeRecordCid":"c6a99e35-7aa0-431b-ae12-f08a2c0f3a82","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c152","text":"Publishers should retain ORCID, ISNI, and funder grant reference metadata throughout the publication lifecycle.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"publishers","subject":"retaining metadata through publication lifecycle","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Publishers should mandate ORCID iDs and ISNIs and funder grant references for article\nsubmission, and retain this metadata throughout the publication lifecycle.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c153","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/952bce8c28f3489b","nativeRecordCid":"481f8e25-4a3d-4398-9631-096aa9f6d7da","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c153","text":"Publishers mandating ORCID iDs, ISNIs and funder grant references for article submission will facilitate exchange of information on research activity.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"effects of mandating persistent identifiers","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"This will facilitate\nexchange of information on research activity, and help deliver data and metrics at minimal burden to\nresearchers and administrators.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c154","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/052371abf10940fc","nativeRecordCid":"937d9d4f-0c31-4a1f-9cfb-b863198e7423","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c154","text":"Publishers mandating ORCID iDs, ISNIs and funder grant references for article submission will help deliver data and metrics at minimal burden to researchers and administrators.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"effects of mandating persistent identifiers","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"This will facilitate\nexchange of information on research activity, and help deliver data and metrics at minimal burden to\nresearchers and administrators.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c155","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/f7905bcb37634ab3","nativeRecordCid":"5622e737-d8f8-4621-abaa-5d11a2b05ea7","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c155","text":"The use of digital object identifiers (DOIs) should be extended to cover all research outputs.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"UK HE Funding Bodies, HEIs, funders, UUK","subject":"DOI use for research outputs","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The use of digital object identifiers (DOIs) should be extended to cover all research outputs.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c156","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/2e68afa93a9e4b9c","nativeRecordCid":"9702ca0f-e579-4dff-abe8-616fabeca904","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c156","text":"DOIs should be included for all outputs submitted to a future REF for which DOIs are suitable.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"UK HE Funding Bodies, HEIs, funders, UUK","subject":"DOIs for REF outputs","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"This should include all outputs submitted to a future REF for which DOIs are suitable, and DOIs should also be more\nwidely adopted in internal HEI and research funder processes.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c157","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/0b1e515acf7647d5","nativeRecordCid":"2518aef2-c200-4832-aa3c-4f31514e0a1d","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c157","text":"DOIs should be more widely adopted in internal HEI and research funder processes.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"UK HE Funding Bodies, HEIs, funders, UUK","subject":"DOIs in internal HEI/funder processes","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"This should include all outputs submitted to a future REF for which DOIs are suitable, and DOIs should also be more\nwidely adopted in internal HEI and research funder processes.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c158","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/20d5dc3efc9848a7","nativeRecordCid":"8b38a465-bb3c-4a0a-a9ef-f4143c7e7bbe","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c158","text":"DOI use should include all outputs submitted to a future REF for which DOIs are suitable.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"UK HE Funding Bodies, HEIs, funders, UUK","subject":"DOI use in REF submissions","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"This\nshould include all outputs submitted to a future REF for which DOIs are suitable, and DOIs should also\nbe more widely adopted in internal HEI and research funder processes.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c159","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/fca916aa79624043","nativeRecordCid":"521aa775-23a8-4615-9f50-cf7c80164bac","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c159","text":"DOIs already predominate in the journal publishing sphere.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"DOIs in journal publishing","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"DOIs already predominate in the journal publishing sphere – they should be extended to cover other outputs where no identifier\nsystem exists, such as book chapters and datasets.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c160","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/4be9c3aad3d1496c","nativeRecordCid":"8d0ac1f4-6df2-43ea-b04e-7e8203c252e5","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c160","text":"DOIs should be extended to cover other outputs where no identifier system exists, such as book chapters and datasets.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"UK HE Funding Bodies, HEIs, funders, UUK","subject":"DOIs for outputs lacking identifiers","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"DOIs already predominate in the journal publishing sphere – they should be extended to cover other outputs where no identifier\nsystem exists, such as book chapters and datasets.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c161","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/dcdcb9ef5ad24390","nativeRecordCid":"df1e52b9-7685-4a2d-9f1e-7291c65818cc","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c161","text":"Further investment in research information infrastructure is required.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"","subject":"investment in research information infrastructure","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Further investment in research information infrastructure is required.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c162","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/62019e89b533421f","nativeRecordCid":"fa9e282f-6065-4384-8f45-a6538e11a2d8","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c162","text":"Funders and Jisc should explore opportunities for additional strategic investments, particularly to improve the interoperability of research management systems.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"funders and Jisc","subject":"strategic investments in research management systems","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Funders and Jisc should\nexplore opportunities for additional strategic investments, particularly to improve the interoperability of\nresearch management systems.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c163","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/58df62882b124e19","nativeRecordCid":"cca7c126-25cd-4855-b43f-3a8faa403205","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c163","text":"HEFCE, funders, HEIs and Jisc should explore how to leverage data held in existing platforms to support the REF process, and vice versa.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"HEFCE, funders, HEIs and Jisc","subject":"leveraging data in existing platforms for the REF","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"HEFCE, funders, HEIs and Jisc should explore how to leverage data held in existing platforms to\nsupport the REF process, and vice versa.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c164","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/24097ce02fa24238","nativeRecordCid":"22387f06-524f-4e4f-8f61-b7bea399617f","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c164","text":"Further debate is required about the merits of local data collection within HEIs versus data collection at the national level.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"HEFCE, RCUK, HEIs, Jisc, HESA, ARMA","subject":"local versus national data collection","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Further debate is also\nrequired about the merits of local collection within HEIs and data collection at the national level.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c165","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/ef80ba36eda644bf","nativeRecordCid":"3897a243-8d26-4e89-872b-2c4b8c0f57ac","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c165","text":"BIS should identify ways of linking data gathered from research-related platforms more directly to policy processes in BIS and other departments, especially around foresight, horizon scanning and research prioritisation.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"BIS","subject":"linking research platform data to policy processes","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"BIS should identify ways of linking data gathered from research-related platforms (including\nGateway to Research, Researchfish and the REF) more directly to policy processes in BIS and\nother departments, especially around foresight, horizon scanning and research prioritisation.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c166","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/4b8dbd17afe84cb5","nativeRecordCid":"07ab1b52-32f1-48ba-ba2a-ff02607642ba","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c166","text":"In assessing REF outputs, quantitative data, particularly around published outputs, should continue to have a place in informing peer review judgements of research quality.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"UK HE Funding Bodies","subject":"quantitative data in REF output assessment","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"In assessing outputs, we recommend that quantitative data – particularly around published\noutputs – continue to have a place in informing peer review judgements of research quality.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c167","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/df390814b2f943d4","nativeRecordCid":"a6c00b3b-fde8-4add-b4a2-ee48c7e4efec","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c167","text":"The use of more quantitative data to complement expert/peer review judgements should be continued and enhanced in future research assessment exercises.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"","subject":"quantitative data complementing peer review","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"we recommend that it be continued and enhanced in future exercises.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c168","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/ad5bfc90dc514d95","nativeRecordCid":"bde9da32-c1d8-4a47-8ae8-d3362f7c4333","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c168","text":"In assessing impact, HEFCE and the UK HE Funding Bodies should build on the analysis of the impact case studies from REF2014 to develop clear guidelines for the use of quantitative indicators in future impact case studies.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"HEFCE and the UK HE Funding Bodies","subject":"guidelines for quantitative indicators in impact case studies","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"In assessing impact, we recommend that HEFCE and the UK HE Funding Bodies build on the\nanalysis of the impact case studies from REF2014 to develop clear guidelines for the use of","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c169","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/40a468be7bca412a","nativeRecordCid":"ce98a567-2cab-4ec8-961f-e1f68a4eb1b2","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c169","text":"While not being prescriptive, guidelines for future impact case studies should provide suggested data to evidence specific types of impact.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"HEFCE and the UK HE Funding Bodies","subject":"impact case study guidelines content","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"While not being prescriptive, these\nguidelines should provide suggested data to evidence specific types of impact.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c170","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/dd756760270f4210","nativeRecordCid":"56e64d47-f185-4fa2-a748-b0e926d04020","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c170","text":"Guidelines for future impact case studies should include standards for the collection of metadata to ensure the characteristics of the research being described are captured systematically.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"HEFCE and the UK HE Funding Bodies","subject":"metadata standards for impact case studies","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"They should include\nstandards for the collection of metadata to ensure the characteristics of the research being described\nare captured systematically; for example, by using consistent monetary units.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c171","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/2044c973ef7741f7","nativeRecordCid":"d18a85c5-88c5-4eff-9e23-62a6318e8937","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c171","text":"For the REF research environment component, there is scope for enhancing the use of quantitative data.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"REF research environment quantitative data","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"In assessing the research environment, we recommend that there is scope for enhancing the\nuse of quantitative data, but that these data need to be provided with sufficient context to\nenable their interpretation.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c172","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/9c7600d143cf498d","nativeRecordCid":"55743a13-e7a9-4c65-92c4-8bf529f4635a","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c172","text":"Quantitative data used in assessing the REF research environment need to be provided with sufficient context to enable their interpretation.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"HEFCE and the UK HE Funding Bodies","subject":"context for REF research environment quantitative data","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"In assessing the research environment, we recommend that there is scope for enhancing the\nuse of quantitative data, but that these data need to be provided with sufficient context to\nenable their interpretation.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c173","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/ecf65ec9aba04f76","nativeRecordCid":"50e02453-e576-40a2-9834-18a34d17b0c4","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c173","text":"At a minimum, quantitative data on the REF research environment needs to include information on the total size of the UOA to which the data refer.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"HEFCE and the UK HE Funding Bodies","subject":"UOA size information in REF environment data","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"At a minimum this needs to include information on the total size of the\nUOA to which the data refer.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c174","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/b732d57a25e8488d","nativeRecordCid":"adb7436f-d4b7-40e9-9a80-69c37b5c2d20","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c174","text":"In some cases, the collection of data specifically relating to staff submitted to the REF exercise may be preferable, albeit more costly.","kind":"normative","modality":"may","actor":"HEFCE and the UK HE Funding Bodies","subject":"collection of staff-specific data","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"In some cases, the collection of data specifically relating to staff\nsubmitted to the exercise may be preferable, albeit more costly.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c175","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/f59f9870f62540b3","nativeRecordCid":"083d25e7-1224-4731-b3d2-ced37e0353d0","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c175","text":"Data on the structure and use of digital information systems to support research may be crucial to further develop excellent research environments.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"digital information systems and research environments","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"In addition, data on the structure and\nuse of digital information systems to support research (or research and teaching) may be crucial to\nfurther develop excellent research environments.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c176","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/e6f5abd3db7f46b4","nativeRecordCid":"4f0c106b-f2d1-4545-9abd-d5e2c74e0dc1","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c176","text":"The UK research community needs a mechanism to carry forward the agenda set out in this report.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"UK research community","subject":"mechanism to carry forward the metrics agenda","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The UK research community needs a mechanism to carry forward the agenda set out in this report.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c177","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/6ba76c69eba74e72","nativeRecordCid":"64faba68-6ba1-4d7c-8c2d-1136aa0971d6","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c177","text":"UK HE Funding Bodies, UUK and Jisc should coordinate the Forum for Responsible Metrics, drawing in support and expertise from other funders and sector bodies as appropriate.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"UK HE Funding Bodies, UUK and Jisc","subject":"coordination of the Forum for Responsible Metrics","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"UK HE Funding\nBodies, UUK and Jisc should coordinate this forum, drawing in support and expertise from other funders\nand sector bodies as appropriate.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c178","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/a511feba35964505","nativeRecordCid":"055de1cb-ce2c-4f0f-ad73-49aa74e6d005","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c178","text":"The Forum for Responsible Metrics should have preparations for the future REF within its remit.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"the Forum for Responsible Metrics","subject":"REF preparations within the forum's remit","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The forum should have preparations for the future REF within its remit, but should also look\nmore broadly at the use of metrics in HEI management and by other funders.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c179","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/63cdb7804c8b4e6c","nativeRecordCid":"305d4ead-9370-4deb-a877-f7b30810b216","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c179","text":"The Forum for Responsible Metrics should also look more broadly at the use of metrics in HEI management and by other funders.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"the Forum for Responsible Metrics","subject":"broader look at metrics use","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The forum should have preparations for the future REF within its remit, but should also look\nmore broadly at the use of metrics in HEI management and by other funders.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c180","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/253c5d79f63f44fe","nativeRecordCid":"14a55cb0-99c3-4443-94ae-34119c3dbeb0","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c180","text":"The Forum for Responsible Metrics might seek to coordinate UK responses to initiatives across Europe and internationally around research metrics, standards and data infrastructure.","kind":"normative","modality":"may","actor":"the Forum for Responsible Metrics","subject":"coordinating UK responses to international initiatives","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"This\nforum might also seek to coordinate UK responses to the many initiatives in this area across Europe and\ninternationally – and those that may yet emerge – around research metrics, standards and data\ninfrastructure.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c181","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/474a200484db45c3","nativeRecordCid":"3b380dd3-1b34-46c1-8d86-e6f97ca14f70","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c181","text":"The Forum for Responsible Metrics can ensure that the UK system stays ahead of the curve and continues to make real progress on this issue, supporting research in the most intelligent and coordinated way.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"forum's effect on the UK research system","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"It can ensure that the UK system stays ahead of the curve and continues to make real\nprogress on this issue, supporting research in the most intelligent and coordinated way, influencing\ndebates in Europe and the standards that other countries will eventually follow.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c182","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/8aef8916ec38471c","nativeRecordCid":"afe4d06d-0c31-48e3-9463-e18a3adef686","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c182","text":"The Forum for Responsible Metrics can influence debates in Europe and the standards that other countries will eventually follow.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"forum's influence on European debates and standards","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"It can ensure that the UK system stays ahead of the curve and continues to make real\nprogress on this issue, supporting research in the most intelligent and coordinated way, influencing\ndebates in Europe and the standards that other countries will eventually follow.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c183","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/402dd572bab24701","nativeRecordCid":"75827efa-ce7f-4d51-b545-b0c5d02dde7e","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c183","text":"Research funders need to increase investment in the science of science policy.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"research funders","subject":"investment in the science of science policy","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Research funders need to increase investment in the science of science policy.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c184","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/8dcfbd62c7914201","nativeRecordCid":"f2ad5fec-0ca0-43bb-9df1-19d47ebca74e","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c184","text":"There is a need for greater research and innovation in the science of science policy to develop and apply insights from computing, statistics, social science and economics to better understand the relationship between research, its qualities and wider impacts.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"","subject":"research and innovation in the science of science policy","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"There is a need\nfor greater research and innovation in this area, to develop and apply insights from computing, statistics,\nsocial science and economics to better understand the relationship between research, its qualities and\nwider impacts.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c185","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/f6f8f0fe64ae49b4","nativeRecordCid":"2b1c020d-d1c3-4a70-948b-262abca2d2b9","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c185","text":"There are quantitative measures, such as citations, journal impact factors, h-indices, and even tweets and Facebook likes, that can now be used to try to assess the quality and wider impacts of research.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"quantitative measures for assessing research","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Citations, journal impact factors, h-indices, even tweets and Facebook likes – there are no end of\nquantitative measures that can now be used to try to assess the quality and wider impacts of research.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c186","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/2cde69eed1864445","nativeRecordCid":"7ddf8ab6-3643-4507-93c0-b6a417adf95d","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c186","text":"The UK has a remarkable breadth of excellent research across the sciences, engineering, social sciences, arts and humanities.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"UK research base breadth","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"the UK has a remarkable breadth of excellent research across the sciences, engineering, social sciences, arts and humanities.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c187","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/70cde9268db34ae2","nativeRecordCid":"849317f2-743e-4b2f-926b-bcca4fa26ea3","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c187","text":"The quality and productivity of the UK's research base is, at least in part, the result of smart management of the dual-support system of research funding.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"UK research base quality and productivity","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The quality and productivity of our research base is, at least in part, the result of smart management\nof the dual-support system of research funding.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c188","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/8aff261852db4088","nativeRecordCid":"73bbadc2-65e4-4c58-818f-4d99f6565356","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c188","text":"The quality and diverse impacts of research have traditionally been assessed using a combination of peer review and quantitative indicators.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"assessment of research quality and impact","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The quality and diverse impacts of research have traditionally been assessed using a combination of\npeer review and a variety of quantitative indicators.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c189","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/f50336276f474299","nativeRecordCid":"6438e86c-b9fd-4862-a50a-d5423f98c881","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c189","text":"Peer review has long been the most widely used method of assessing research quality and impact.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"peer review","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Peer review has long been the most widely used\nmethod, and underpins the academic system in the UK and around the world.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c190","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/0bc40ba4e8724b84","nativeRecordCid":"bf7a6992-49e0-4f0d-a28e-344cb46c3ce1","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c190","text":"Peer review underpins the academic system in the UK and around the world.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"peer review","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Peer review has long been the most widely used\nmethod, and underpins the academic system in the UK and around the world.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c191","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/d1dbbbf4742b4765","nativeRecordCid":"65753389-7218-4e80-8d21-cd212d36cecd","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c191","text":"The use of metrics is a newer approach than peer review but has developed rapidly over the past 20 years as a potential method of measuring research quality and impact in some fields.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"use of metrics","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The use of metrics is a\nnewer approach, but has developed rapidly over the past 20 years as a potential method of measuring\nresearch quality and impact in some fields.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c192","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/1c0000d473394971","nativeRecordCid":"948c3f0d-f0e1-456a-94ae-5548926aa511","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c192","text":"How metrics should best be used to measure research quality and impact remains the subject of considerable debate.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"use of metrics in research assessment","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"How best to do this remains the subject of considerable\ndebate.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c193","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/9e7985e9b81e47f4","nativeRecordCid":"5fd2476f-c333-457a-ae62-ab59f164e5b2","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c193","text":"There are increases in the availability of real-time 'big data' on research uptake and in the capacity of tools for analysing it.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"availability of real-time big data on research","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"There are powerful currents whipping up the metric tide. These include growing pressures for audit\nand evaluation of public spending on higher education and research; demands by policymakers for\nmore strategic intelligence on research quality and impact; the need for institutions to manage and\ndevelop their strategies for research; competition within and between institutions for prestige,\nstudents, staff and resources; and increases in the availability of real-time ‘big data’ on research\nuptake, and the capacity of tools for analysing them.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c194","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/4c3bdabf18374d81","nativeRecordCid":"9fe55b12-5128-41a1-89c4-b60f9d6a6346","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c194","text":"Wider use of quantitative indicators can be seen as part of the transition to a more open, accountable and outward-facing research system.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"quantitative indicators","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"In a positive sense, wider use of quantitative indicators, and the emergence of alternative metrics for\nsocietal impact, can be seen as part of the transition to a more open, accountable and outward-facing\nresearch system.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c195","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/c622f943d03648b1","nativeRecordCid":"9d91e9a3-8ffa-4343-9d94-e2a11c40b26e","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c195","text":"The emergence of alternative metrics for societal impact can be seen as part of the transition to a more open, accountable and outward-facing research system.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"alternative metrics for societal impact","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"In a positive sense, wider use of quantitative indicators, and the emergence of alternative metrics for\nsocietal impact, can be seen as part of the transition to a more open, accountable and outward-facing\nresearch system.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c196","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/5d64900c04fa41bc","nativeRecordCid":"2451d05f-22f8-40ff-9f6c-10b74367d926","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c196","text":"The wider use of quantitative indicators and alternative metrics has been accompanied by a backlash against the inappropriate weight being placed on particular indicators, such as journal impact factors, within the research system.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"backlash against inappropriate weight on indicators","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"But this has been accompanied by a backlash against the inappropriate weight being\nplaced on particular indicators – such as journal impact factors (JIFs) – within the research system, as\nreflected by the 2013 San Francisco Declaration on Research Assessment (DORA), which now has\nover 570 organisational and 12,300 individual signatories.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c197","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/c238e73e4d0848b5","nativeRecordCid":"96d9195b-5844-4b10-ae08-f0cd8da38ca7","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c197","text":"The research assessment landscape is contested, contentious and complex.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"research assessment landscape","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The research assessment landscape is contested, contentious and complex.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c198","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/ceb11257f52748db","nativeRecordCid":"44a59cda-79c5-4e79-a9f2-c0031661af0f","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c198","text":"Researchers, funders and managers face an ever-expanding menu of indicators, metrics and assessment methods in operation.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"indicators, metrics and assessment methods","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Researchers, funders and\nmanagers face an ever-expanding menu of indicators, metrics and assessment methods in operation,\nmany of which are explored in this review.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c199","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/1147a4aa3c6248c6","nativeRecordCid":"8fb6b307-1f96-48c8-ab8d-1ad5466ebda4","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c199","text":"The term 'metric' is open to misunderstanding because something can be a metric in one context but not in another.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"term 'metric'","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The term ‘metric’ is itself open to misunderstanding, because something can be a metric in one\ncontext but not in another.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c200","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/4ad495d375f8413e","nativeRecordCid":"cb0d7eb8-ffd3-4c84-af8b-a2bd002f2206","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c200","text":"The term indicator is preferable to the term metric in contexts in which there is the potential for confusion.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"","subject":"terminology: indicator vs metric","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The term indicator is preferable in contexts in which there is the\npotential for confusion.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c201","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/96d9c40ca5e54702","nativeRecordCid":"b9253a55-35e3-4cbb-ad9b-1023770635f2","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c201","text":"An indicator is a measurable quantity that stands in for, or substitutes for, something less readily measurable and is presumed to be associated with it without directly measuring it.","kind":"definitional","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"indicator","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"A measurable quantity that ‘stands in’ or substitutes for something\nless readily measurable and is presumed to associate with it without\ndirectly measuring it.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c202","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/7c5cbf76a2054bbb","nativeRecordCid":"79636b7f-6758-4d5e-8938-feb0273b7297","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c202","text":"Citation counts could be used as indicators for the scientific impact of journal articles.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"citation counts as indicators","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"For example, citation counts could be used as\nindicators for the scientific impact of journal articles even though\nscientific impacts can occur in ways that do not generate citations.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c203","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/423a19c5890c459f","nativeRecordCid":"07062756-4e76-4c58-88b1-864a482f11ab","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c203","text":"Scientific impacts can occur in ways that do not generate citations.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"scientific impacts","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"For example, citation counts could be used as\nindicators for the scientific impact of journal articles even though\nscientific impacts can occur in ways that do not generate citations.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c204","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/d40f2750132f45e0","nativeRecordCid":"d980b174-7ec0-4001-8475-321e7167a470","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c204","text":"Bibliometrics focuses on the quantitative analysis of scientific and scholarly publications, including patents.","kind":"definitional","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"bibliometrics","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Bibliometrics focuses on the quantitative analysis of scientific and\nscholarly publications, including patents.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c205","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/fcd71a744d514616","nativeRecordCid":"c7fdafe0-7834-4180-8d93-3d660cba44f2","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c205","text":"Bibliometrics is part of the field of scientometrics.","kind":"definitional","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"bibliometrics","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Bibliometrics is part of the\nfield of scientometrics: the measurement of all aspects of science and\ntechnology, which may encompass information about any kind of\nresearch output (data, reagents, software, researcher interactions,\nfunding, research commercialisation, and other outputs).","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c206","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/e0218dde2d684983","nativeRecordCid":"db509cda-6e45-4536-b888-5b7499d3939e","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c206","text":"Scientometrics is the measurement of all aspects of science and technology.","kind":"definitional","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"scientometrics","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Bibliometrics is part of the\nfield of scientometrics: the measurement of all aspects of science and\ntechnology, which may encompass information about any kind of\nresearch output (data, reagents, software, researcher interactions,\nfunding, research commercialisation, and other outputs).","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c207","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/91d99a2ebcf549bb","nativeRecordCid":"87ec84b3-8c59-42cc-b25b-0d84d470201d","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c207","text":"Scientometrics may encompass information about any kind of research output, including data, reagents, software, researcher interactions, funding, research commercialisation, and other outputs.","kind":"definitional","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"scientometrics","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Bibliometrics is part of the\nfield of scientometrics: the measurement of all aspects of science and\ntechnology, which may encompass information about any kind of\nresearch output (data, reagents, software, researcher interactions,\nfunding, research commercialisation, and other outputs).","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c208","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/79da92ba6fee426c","nativeRecordCid":"62cef67e-f200-4e6b-a53f-23221110e603","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c208","text":"The most widely exploited bibliometric relies on counts of citations.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"citation-based bibliometrics","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The most widely exploited bibliometric relies on counts of citations.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c209","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/1c329c4833a84750","nativeRecordCid":"3525b640-16ee-4261-a30e-555d85de14c1","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c209","text":"Citation counts are sometimes used as an indicator of academic impact because citations from other documents suggest that the cited work has influenced the citing work in some way.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"citation counts","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Citation counts are sometimes used as an indicator of academic\nimpact in the sense that citations from other documents suggest that\nthe cited work has influenced the citing work in some way.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c210","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/61910f78f932480f","nativeRecordCid":"71289d2b-00c6-42c1-a54b-c43c6ae1ad39","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c210","text":"Bibliometric indicators might normalise citation counts by research field and by year, to take into account the very different citation behaviours between disciplines and the increase in citations over time.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"normalisation of citation counts","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Bibliometric indicators might normalise these citation counts by\nresearch field and by year, to take into account the very different\ncitation behaviours between disciplines and the increase in citations\nover time.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c211","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/73759c1631514150","nativeRecordCid":"b9aeea5f-6d52-400e-9fc4-5d8298359ed0","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c211","text":"Bibliometrics often do not distinguish between negative or positive citation.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"bibliometrics","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"It has to be emphasised that as bibliometrics often do not\ndistinguish between negative or positive citation, highly cited\nliterature might attract attention due to controversy or even error.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c212","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/69ec77b81d5d4a2b","nativeRecordCid":"489be2da-1ed9-46df-8938-03173339b180","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c212","text":"Highly cited literature might attract attention due to controversy or even error.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"highly cited literature","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"It has to be emphasised that as bibliometrics often do not\ndistinguish between negative or positive citation, highly cited\nliterature might attract attention due to controversy or even error.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c213","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/528932001e5c4bfb","nativeRecordCid":"2e6a32dd-b3db-48db-bd0e-d58632a95ec9","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c213","text":"High numbers of citations might result from a range of different contributions to a field, including papers that establish new methodologies, papers that systematically review the field, and primary research articles.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"high citation counts","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"High numbers of citations might also result from a range of different\ncontributions to a field e.g. including papers that establish new\nmethodologies or systematically review the field, as well as primary\nresearch articles.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c214","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/36e4ad49f4e04c72","nativeRecordCid":"4f801d33-2549-4d58-b2fd-f4e206a55389","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c214","text":"Altmetrics are non-traditional metrics that cover not just citation counts but also downloads, social media shares and other measures of impact of research outputs.","kind":"definitional","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"altmetrics","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Altmetrics are non-traditional metrics that cover not just citation\ncounts but also downloads, social media shares and other measures of\nimpact of research outputs.","representedInStars":true}
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{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c216","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/3529cb4c927e4ff9","nativeRecordCid":"f4a27e46-9c5c-498e-a376-16b9f3f0e184","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c216","text":"Altmetrics encompasses webometrics, or cybermetrics, which measure the features and relationships of online items, such as websites and log files.","kind":"definitional","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"altmetrics","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The term is variously used to mean\n‘alternative metrics’ or ‘article level metrics’, and it encompasses\nwebometrics, or cybermetrics, which measure the features and\nrelationships of online items, such as websites and log files.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c217","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/274b08f9304f4ef4","nativeRecordCid":"3ffcd1a5-8663-449d-82be-743d2d028ea1","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c217","text":"The rise of new social media has created an additional stream of work under the label altmetrics.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"altmetrics","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The rise\nof new social media has created an additional stream of work under","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c218","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/fadd78e47ba04711","nativeRecordCid":"1c3381d6-637e-4459-a779-9f3b0205f01e","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c218","text":"Altmetrics indicators are derived from social websites, such as Twitter, Academia.edu, Mendeley, and ResearchGate, with data that can be gathered automatically by computer programs.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"altmetrics indicators","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"These are indicators derived from social\nwebsites, such as Twitter, Academia.edu, Mendeley, and\nResearchGate with data that can be gathered automatically by\ncomputer programs.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c219","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/9c05a3718bc74d9b","nativeRecordCid":"46658e3e-ee15-4823-99bf-c2c7e980aa17","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c219","text":"Peer review is a process of research assessment based on the use of expert deliberation and judgement.","kind":"definitional","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"peer review","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"A process of research assessment based on the use of expert\ndeliberation and judgement.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c220","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/ef9a391317314217","nativeRecordCid":"b278f215-cbba-421b-9212-3f621d7e4ed5","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c220","text":"Academic or scholarly impact is a recorded or otherwise auditable occasion of influence from academic research on another researcher, university organisation or academic author.","kind":"definitional","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"academic or scholarly impact","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Academic or scholarly impact is a recorded or otherwise auditable\noccasion of influence from academic research on another researcher,\nuniversity organisation or academic author.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c221","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/e719109638f14691","nativeRecordCid":"355f22b4-34ba-403f-9188-016b1932a4e4","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c221","text":"Academic impacts are most objectively demonstrated by citation indicators in fields that publish in international journals.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"academic impacts","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Academic impacts are\nmost objectively demonstrated by citation indicators in those fields\nthat publish in international journals.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c222","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/d72cc88e0a9844a8","nativeRecordCid":"42e79819-511d-4fb5-aeba-ff433ba2ed2a","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c222","text":"Societal impact is defined as for academic or scholarly impact, but where the effect or influence reaches beyond scholarly research, for example on education, society, culture or the economy.","kind":"definitional","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"societal impact","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"As for academic or scholarly impact, though where the effect or\ninfluence reaches beyond scholarly research, e.g. on education,\nsociety, culture or the economy.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c223","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/a72841c9dbd144eb","nativeRecordCid":"c500a545-1ffb-4200-82a6-38daffe8f2a9","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c223","text":"Research has a societal impact when auditable or recorded influence is achieved upon non-academic organisations or actors in a sector outside the university sector itself, for instance by being used by business corporations, government bodies, civil society organisations, media or specialist/professional media organisations, or in public debate.","kind":"definitional","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"societal impact","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Research has a societal impact when auditable or recorded influence\nis achieved upon non-academic organisation(s) or actor(s) in a sector\noutside the university sector itself – for instance, by being used by\none or more business corporations, government bodies, civil society\norganisations, media or specialist/professional media organisations or\nin public debate.","representedInStars":false}
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{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c226","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/cba30db8841049c9","nativeRecordCid":"2b0fdb98-f101-4142-8c35-976b6ef5b3e4","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c226","text":"Evidence of external impacts can take the form of references to, citations of, or discussion of a person, their work or research results.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"evidence of external impacts","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Evidence of\nexternal impacts can take the form of references to, citations of or\ndiscussion of a person, their work or research results.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c227","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/6586bde497f049ba","nativeRecordCid":"b55e6e1c-f94c-45f7-89f3-937df63f1e1e","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c227","text":"For the purposes of REF2014, impact was defined as an effect on, change or benefit to the economy, society, culture, public policy or services, health, the environment or quality of life, beyond academia.","kind":"definitional","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"REF2014 impact","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"For the purposes of the REF2014,17 impact was defined as an effect\non, change or benefit to the economy, society, culture, public policy\nor services, health, the environment or quality of life, beyond\nacademia.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c228","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/571eee25fa994b3f","nativeRecordCid":"c926b1e8-2c6e-435c-8bf2-c5fba72fc096","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c228","text":"Within REF2014, the research environment was assessed in terms of its vitality and sustainability, including its contribution to the vitality and sustainability of the wider discipline or research base.","kind":"definitional","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"REF2014 research environment","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Within REF2014, the research environment was assessed in terms of\nits ‘vitality and sustainability’, including its contribution to the\nvitality and sustainability of the wider discipline or research base.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c229","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/60eff705b7a14d06","nativeRecordCid":"6897e47f-16e6-4ac7-b0b7-a7e1bd6d9851","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c229","text":"Within REF2014, panels assessed the quality of submitted research outputs in terms of their originality, significance and rigour, with reference to international research quality standards.","kind":"definitional","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"REF2014 research outputs","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Within REF2014, panels assessed the quality of submitted research\noutputs in terms of their ‘originality, significance and rigour’, with\nreference to international research quality standards.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c230","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/93b8759079494501","nativeRecordCid":"9ca3553a-b286-49e3-9bdc-7f793b404509","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c230","text":"The quantitative analysis of scientific papers and scholarly articles has been evolving since the early 20th century.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"quantitative analysis of scientific papers","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The quantitative analysis of scientific papers and scholarly articles has been evolving since the early\n20th century.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c231","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/87084f61e5314164","nativeRecordCid":"fe778c25-6821-4446-aa5e-0c1487fd052e","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c231","text":"Alternative metrics include web citations in digitised scholarly documents such as eprints, books, science blogs or clinical guidelines.","kind":"definitional","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"alternative metrics","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"These alternative metrics include web citations in digitised scholarly documents (e.g. eprints, books,\nscience blogs or clinical guidelines) and, more recently, altmetrics derived from social media (e.g.\nsocial bookmarks, comments, ratings and tweets).","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c232","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/f64e318916ac4c43","nativeRecordCid":"ca4f2fc6-3a33-4f9d-9ea4-ce66ceb19e08","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c232","text":"Alternative metrics include altmetrics derived from social media such as social bookmarks, comments, ratings and tweets.","kind":"definitional","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"alternative metrics","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"These alternative metrics include web citations in digitised scholarly documents (e.g. eprints, books,\nscience blogs or clinical guidelines) and, more recently, altmetrics derived from social media (e.g.\nsocial bookmarks, comments, ratings and tweets).","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c233","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/66bff316277d4b5a","nativeRecordCid":"12a763af-66cd-46c2-84f2-e481f9ce3120","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c233","text":"Scholars may produce and use non-refereed academic outputs, such as blog posts, datasets and software.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"scholars' non-refereed academic outputs","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Scholars may also produce and use non-refereed academic outputs, such as\nblog posts, datasets and software, where usage-based indicators are still in the early stages of\ndevelopment.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c234","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/2455903396024ec8","nativeRecordCid":"dc04e084-88ac-4b42-9a30-27f2a8dfd502","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c234","text":"Usage-based indicators for non-refereed academic outputs are still in the early stages of development.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"usage-based indicators for non-refereed outputs","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Scholars may also produce and use non-refereed academic outputs, such as\nblog posts, datasets and software, where usage-based indicators are still in the early stages of\ndevelopment.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c235","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/034a0f89daa24699","nativeRecordCid":"7966dedf-4305-4c9a-84ec-b99637e20a31","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c235","text":"Research assessment has traditionally focused on input and output indicators, evaluating academic impact through bibliometric measures such as citation counts.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"research assessment's traditional focus","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Research assessment has traditionally focused on input and output indicators, evaluating academic\nimpact through bibliometric measures such as citation counts.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c236","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/72c2b9473f9b4602","nativeRecordCid":"8f8c9f0d-fd8f-4361-94a2-fe214e65da82","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c236","text":"There is now far greater focus on the wider impacts, outcomes and benefits of research than there was previously.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"focus of research assessment","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"However, there is now far greater focus on the wider impacts, outcomes and benefits of research, as\nreflected in exercises such as REF2014.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c237","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/43ca25fbef004f34","nativeRecordCid":"4c4f26e0-0ed2-4d54-97fb-56bf79347867","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c237","text":"The measurement of societal impact, with robust indicators and accurate, comparable data, is still in its relative infancy.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"measurement of societal impact","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The measurement of societal impact, with robust indicators and accurate, comparable data, is still in\nits relative infancy.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c238","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/de6d4c096e234929","nativeRecordCid":"422fc4f5-7c19-46bc-8ff0-a600667820b2","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c238","text":"Research quality is not a straightforward concept to pin down or assess.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"research quality","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Neither research quality nor its impacts are straightforward concepts to pin down or assess.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c239","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/c368214f5d544e42","nativeRecordCid":"956371d7-dbe2-46ed-add9-99961aff6923","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c239","text":"Research impacts are not straightforward concepts to pin down or assess.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"research impacts","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Neither research quality nor its impacts are straightforward concepts to pin down or assess.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c240","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/e680c4cb8cd74a62","nativeRecordCid":"7dbc3690-5aaf-4313-b6a1-f4d97228703d","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c240","text":"Differing views on what research quality and impact are, and how they can be measured, lie at the heart of debates over research assessment.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"debates over research assessment","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Differing views on what they are, and how they can be measured, lie at the heart of debates over\nresearch assessment.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c241","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/c1d249a21aef4842","nativeRecordCid":"c0f8d7eb-498c-44c6-ba6d-4a5fd3a8a55e","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c241","text":"In this report, research quality is taken to include all scholarly impacts.","kind":"definitional","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"research quality (as used in this report)","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"In this report, we take research quality to include all scholarly impacts.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c242","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/ce1afab65aec435c","nativeRecordCid":"6998ab1b-9226-4a9a-aa4b-b24443e866d0","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c242","text":"What constitutes quality remains contested.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"what constitutes quality","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"But what constitutes quality remains contested.38","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c243","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/c4cedeafdef649ea","nativeRecordCid":"3d2b57e0-252e-4a42-be93-7bb626f897ac","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c243","text":"In the context of research evaluation, quality denotes the overall calibre of research based on the values, criteria or standards inherent in an academic community.","kind":"definitional","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"quality (in research evaluation)","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"In the context of research evaluation, quality typically denotes the overall calibre of research based\non the values, criteria or standards inherent in an academic community.39","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c244","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/ca30a3e25c0c49fb","nativeRecordCid":"5ad98887-7c4e-44a3-b54d-1c95a16a2bb5","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c244","text":"The values and standards used to judge research quality are highly dependent on context.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"values and standards used to judge quality","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"However, those values and standards are highly dependent on context: for instance, views vary\nenormously across and indeed within certain disciplines, as a result of different research cultures,\npractices and philosophical approaches.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c245","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/51e7108a1eb44266","nativeRecordCid":"201fc4f2-8ba4-4fae-98f8-552f5774b484","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c245","text":"Research quality should be thought of in terms of research qualities, rather than striving for a singular definition.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"","subject":"thinking about research quality","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"It is more productive to think in terms of research qualities, rather than striving for a singular\ndefinition.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c246","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/ee8fadb96cb341bb","nativeRecordCid":"d5ed50fa-b529-4c5f-b1e5-af26cdb4c5fb","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c246","text":"The range of data providers and analysts engaged in producing quantitative data and indicators has grown as scientometrics has developed and evaluation systems have become more sophisticated.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"range of data providers and analysts","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"As scientometrics has developed, and evaluation systems have become more sophisticated, so the\nrange of data providers and analysts has grown.40","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c247","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/5b1cdea6b6474823","nativeRecordCid":"8824cf38-ed0c-4ccf-acee-c0d39c774d3f","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c247","text":"Government agencies at the international, national and local level are engaged in the production of quantitative data and indicators for research.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"actors producing quantitative research data","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Those now engaged with the production of quantitative data and indicators include government\nagencies at the international, national and local level, HEIs, research groups, and a wide range of\ncommercial data providers, publishers and consultants.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c248","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/230b6c037ec346fd","nativeRecordCid":"29a7d862-0eae-435d-9cb5-4738bbcd9934","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c248","text":"HEIs are engaged in the production of quantitative data and indicators for research.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"actors producing quantitative research data","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Those now engaged with the production of quantitative data and indicators include government\nagencies at the international, national and local level, HEIs, research groups, and a wide range of\ncommercial data providers, publishers and consultants.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c249","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/bda796daf3b041e7","nativeRecordCid":"c8353df4-1642-4e60-a221-95081a5dc392","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c249","text":"Research groups are engaged in the production of quantitative data and indicators for research.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"actors producing quantitative research data","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Those now engaged with the production of quantitative data and indicators include government\nagencies at the international, national and local level, HEIs, research groups, and a wide range of\ncommercial data providers, publishers and consultants.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c250","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/969dea7917f24308","nativeRecordCid":"5484923e-b4fc-4ad3-92ef-2e8c984bc14c","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c250","text":"A wide range of commercial data providers, publishers and consultants are engaged in the production of quantitative data and indicators for research.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"actors producing quantitative research data","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Those now engaged with the production of quantitative data and indicators include government\nagencies at the international, national and local level, HEIs, research groups, and a wide range of\ncommercial data providers, publishers and consultants.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c251","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/f6674b4d4d5f410b","nativeRecordCid":"b7f22f4c-94c2-4806-a076-728d77344ec5","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c251","text":"Funding agencies in the US, France, UK and the Netherlands were pioneers in using bibliometrics for research evaluation and monitoring.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"funding agencies in US, France, UK, Netherlands","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Funding agencies in the US, France, UK and the Netherlands were pioneers in using bibliometrics for\nresearch evaluation and monitoring, and the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and\nDevelopment (OECD) set global standards for national science and technology indicators in its\nFrascati Manual.41","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c252","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/e2a1bb5d278146f0","nativeRecordCid":"b6d5e15f-8c33-4904-8655-98e89e4277e5","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c252","text":"The OECD set global standards for national science and technology indicators in its Frascati Manual.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"OECD","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Funding agencies in the US, France, UK and the Netherlands were pioneers in using bibliometrics for\nresearch evaluation and monitoring, and the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and\nDevelopment (OECD) set global standards for national science and technology indicators in its\nFrascati Manual.41","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c253","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/51cd9bb4f5ff452a","nativeRecordCid":"84db5167-2491-454f-ba7d-922bc910c1a4","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c253","text":"Leading universities around the world have adopted, or are in the process of developing, comprehensive research information systems in which statistical and qualitative evidence of performance in research, teaching, impact and other services can be recorded.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"leading universities' research information systems","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Today, leading universities around the world have adopted, or are in the process of developing,\ncomprehensive research information systems in which statistical and qualitative evidence of","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c254","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/32d7b22f74cd4680","nativeRecordCid":"ac5551a4-b5f1-4ae8-8e5e-02fbc1d605c6","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c254","text":"Research information systems, assisted by reference linking services, enable users to link sophisticated bibliometric and other indicator-based analyses with their information infrastructure at all levels.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"research information systems","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Assisted by reference linking services like CrossRef, these enable users to link sophisticated\nbibliometric and other indicator-based analyses with their information infrastructure at all levels, to\nmonitor institutional, departmental and individual performance.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c255","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/c8afc0612a2d4f2f","nativeRecordCid":"2638e519-d1d3-4896-b482-4081447ea82b","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c255","text":"Some research funders are adopting new systems that gather new information about research progress.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"research funders' new systems","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Research funders, such as RCUK, are\nalso adopting new systems like Researchfish, which gather new information about research progress,\nwhile other funders are using systems such as UberResearch which aggregate existing information\nand add value to it.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c256","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/13cdf3bc3df347e4","nativeRecordCid":"a78c7268-3bc2-434b-859e-5c11dcc41d99","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c256","text":"Other research funders are using systems that aggregate existing information and add value to it.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"research funders' systems","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Research funders, such as RCUK, are\nalso adopting new systems like Researchfish, which gather new information about research progress,\nwhile other funders are using systems such as UberResearch which aggregate existing information\nand add value to it.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c257","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/3272a9d19350402d","nativeRecordCid":"78a658f6-cb5d-4097-bea8-5844016e20d3","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c257","text":"Systems for data collection and analysis have developed organically and proliferated over the past decade.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"systems for data collection and analysis","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Systems for data collection and analysis have developed organically and proliferated over the past\ndecade.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c258","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/1d4cce5ac0fe43bc","nativeRecordCid":"2af01bd9-12bf-4e0a-9440-8836c8245f55","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c258","text":"Underpinning research infrastructure must be fit for the purpose of producing robust and trustworthy indicators.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"research/data infrastructure","subject":"underpinning research infrastructure","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Underpinning infrastructure has to be fit for the purpose of producing robust and trustworthy\nindicators.43","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c259","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/153ccbae1b774c2d","nativeRecordCid":"31a3e408-316d-4ba4-ac2f-3a06bc454901","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c259","text":"Wherever possible, data systems need to be open and transparent.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"data systems","subject":"data systems","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Wherever possible, data systems also need to be open and transparent44 and provide\nprinciples for ‘open’ scholarly infrastructures.45","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c260","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/546729b249f84700","nativeRecordCid":"236655ac-a716-4dba-bab5-2f3b11bba51d","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c260","text":"Wherever possible, data systems need to provide principles for open scholarly infrastructures.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"data systems","subject":"data systems","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Wherever possible, data systems also need to be open and transparent44 and provide\nprinciples for ‘open’ scholarly infrastructures.45","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c261","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/052c3a102eae4495","nativeRecordCid":"53231daa-3261-4417-bd85-ef4629d0a28c","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c261","text":"Producing indicators that can be shared across platforms requires unique identifiers.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"","subject":"producing shareable indicators","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"To produce indicators that can be shared across platforms, there\nare a number of prerequisites: unique identifiers; defined data standards; agreed data semantics; and\nopen data processing methods.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c262","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/7b45b4ec20a346d2","nativeRecordCid":"9dd93a3d-c08e-4c27-9a63-97291f90ddc0","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c262","text":"Producing indicators that can be shared across platforms requires defined data standards.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"","subject":"producing shareable indicators","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"To produce indicators that can be shared across platforms, there\nare a number of prerequisites: unique identifiers; defined data standards; agreed data semantics; and\nopen data processing methods.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c263","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/3f180467985d47a8","nativeRecordCid":"5f388c26-a421-4e2c-b8db-8a38c67ef6d9","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c263","text":"Producing indicators that can be shared across platforms requires agreed data semantics.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"","subject":"producing shareable indicators","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"To produce indicators that can be shared across platforms, there\nare a number of prerequisites: unique identifiers; defined data standards; agreed data semantics; and\nopen data processing methods.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c264","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/40116459eeea4ecb","nativeRecordCid":"b3e0c60e-e3dd-4cb0-b519-ec13371a558c","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c264","text":"Producing indicators that can be shared across platforms requires open data processing methods.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"","subject":"producing shareable indicators","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"To produce indicators that can be shared across platforms, there\nare a number of prerequisites: unique identifiers; defined data standards; agreed data semantics; and\nopen data processing methods.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c265","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/d45e9cad1f40493f","nativeRecordCid":"f162babd-25fc-4ba5-9c98-d1ff9549bb3f","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c265","text":"Research infrastructure must be able to present the relevant suites of indicators to optimise forms of assessment that are sensitive to specific research missions and context.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"research infrastructure","subject":"research infrastructure","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"In addition, the infrastructure must be able to present the relevant suites of indicators to optimise\nforms of assessment","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c266","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/8926131b6e444c4e","nativeRecordCid":"7ce59e06-83b9-42ca-98e1-013f36ce8a78","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c266","text":"Research infrastructure should not 'black-box' particular indicators.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"research infrastructure","subject":"research infrastructure","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"They should not ‘black-box’ particular indicators or present them as relevant for all fields and\npurposes.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c267","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/dbe3eba7dd0047f9","nativeRecordCid":"dea9096d-d550-47c1-9b0f-cd6bf5eb805c","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c267","text":"Research infrastructure should not present indicators as relevant for all fields and purposes.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"research infrastructure","subject":"research infrastructure","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"They should not ‘black-box’ particular indicators or present them as relevant for all fields and\npurposes.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c268","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/ec010a8f01594c4f","nativeRecordCid":"8e55208c-f911-4a60-abf8-0b87b96171b0","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c268","text":"Collecting as much as possible of the underlying data that an indicator purports to represent is important for the indicator to be reliable.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"","subject":"collecting underlying data for an indicator","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"In order for an indicator to be reliable, it is important to be able to collect as much as possible of\nthe underlying data that the indicator purports to represent.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c269","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/a6d1df6ebc0c4317","nativeRecordCid":"64b39633-608b-473e-b19d-db892e2cb81f","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c269","text":"The main citation databases do not include all possible citations.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"main citation databases","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"For example, if we\nconsider citations to academic outputs, it is clear that the main databases do not include all possible\ncitations, and that numbers of citations within them can vary.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c270","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/aeba142cbf98487c","nativeRecordCid":"d463e076-756a-4558-9c4c-8c1b46ef0d47","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c270","text":"The number of citations recorded within citation databases can vary.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"citation counts within databases","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"For example, if we\nconsider citations to academic outputs, it is clear that the main databases do not include all possible\ncitations, and that numbers of citations within them can vary.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c271","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/ce75804109a0405f","nativeRecordCid":"63370232-6831-4881-9d8c-b8ac29eda826","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c271","text":"Correctly counting the number of citations that an article has requires checking all other articles to see if they cite the article in question.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"","subject":"correctly counting citations","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"In order to correctly count the number of citations that an article has, all other articles must be\nchecked to see if they cite the article in question.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c272","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/4a2c064984944158","nativeRecordCid":"1272baa6-ed99-47c6-b605-b7600c4d5cd8","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c272","text":"Manually counting citations is subject to error.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"manual citation counting","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"This can be achieved through manual processes, but\nis subject to error.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c273","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/9bee78d7f529408c","nativeRecordCid":"3e27bf20-3ae5-4a32-bb30-b197f98d7f61","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c273","text":"Unique identifiers for articles enable the citation-counting process to be automated.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"unique identifiers for articles","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"With unique identifiers for articles, the process can be automated (reducing sources of error to\noriginal mis-citation by the author).","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c274","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/62a4d8a3872447cb","nativeRecordCid":"781e0bd3-8b0b-44d1-b5e4-64d59d1321e2","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c274","text":"The most commonly used identifier is the Digital Object Identifier (DOI).","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"Digital Object Identifier (DOI)","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The most commonly used identifier is the Digital Object Identifier (DOI).46","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c275","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/4d2f37b0ea544a01","nativeRecordCid":"c029b8b8-44be-410b-b19a-776011220e85","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c275","text":"DOIs are not yet universal.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"DOIs","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"While still not universal, DOIs have gained considerable\ntraction across the sector.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c276","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/90586b0c8c1d47b7","nativeRecordCid":"6c4a9712-df09-41bd-bd84-799af65a7f0e","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c276","text":"DOIs have gained considerable traction across the sector.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"DOIs","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"While still not universal, DOIs have gained considerable\ntraction across the sector.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c277","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/a7f82cedaf3d4765","nativeRecordCid":"cbfcda1e-2b17-499f-ad69-bd091a88d830","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c277","text":"Use of DOIs varies by discipline and is still less common in the arts and humanities than in other areas.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"use of DOIs","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Use of DOIs varies by discipline, and is still less common in the arts\nand humanities than in other areas.","representedInStars":false}
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{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c283","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/f7b3b74898f14610","nativeRecordCid":"9e74eb16-9d7e-4980-9919-c146071ff789","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c283","text":"Unique identifiers for journals, publishers, authors and institutions would enable answers to more sophisticated evaluation questions.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"unique identifiers for journals, publishers, authors, institutions","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"This would enable answers to more sophisticated questions, such as: How many articles has a\nparticular author produced with citations above the average for the journal in question?","representedInStars":false}
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{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c287","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/c74eb4f642664bad","nativeRecordCid":"06405892-a84e-45be-b67e-bae9ae160366","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c287","text":"A small proportion of journals have not adopted the ISSN system.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"journals' adoption of ISSN","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"However, there is still a small proportion that have not.","representedInStars":false}
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{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c289","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/ce543d57c7414bb6","nativeRecordCid":"858fa8d0-cf61-423f-9145-4f7c1b59effe","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c289","text":"There are various options for uniquely identifying organisations.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"identifying organisations","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"There are various options for uniquely identifying organisations.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c290","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/46d10929b978412f","nativeRecordCid":"c5675361-213f-4ba3-a3fa-629b06e2f644","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c290","text":"None of the organisational identifiers currently in use is wholly authoritative.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"organisational identifiers","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"But while none of these is wholly authoritative, both the","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c291","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/1d5674ac905a4974","nativeRecordCid":"c758aa6a-3e53-4550-ac6a-7e8735b8d8db","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c291","text":"ISNI is international.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"ISNI","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The former is international, and the latter is more UK-centric and does not include funders; so it would seem that ISNI is the preferred route for developing an authoritative list of publishers.","representedInStars":false}
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{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c299","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/4df0e9f53e1041b6","nativeRecordCid":"212311b9-a762-466f-a24d-60a8840075ae","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c299","text":"Several types of author identifiers exist.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"author identifiers","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Several types of author\nidentifiers exist, and a detailed analysis of the pros and cons of these was undertaken in 2012 by\nJisc.","representedInStars":false}
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{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c302","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/d7524f18995148cb","nativeRecordCid":"04445075-eefe-491a-b5cd-bc53e9e9273c","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c302","text":"ORCID is a non-proprietary alphanumeric code to uniquely identify academic authors.","kind":"definitional","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"ORCID","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"ORCID is a non-proprietary alphanumeric code to uniquely identify academic authors.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c303","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/026011eef46a4a45","nativeRecordCid":"f8ee559c-fa09-4b4a-984c-571835c99e3a","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c303","text":"ORCID provides a persistent identity for humans, similar to that created for content-related entities on digital networks by DOIs.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"ORCID","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"ORCID provides a persistent identity for humans, similar to that created for content-related entities on digital networks by DOIs.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c304","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/52646c3695f444da","nativeRecordCid":"7507cdc2-ba33-4682-84b0-cbf0e89a1d0e","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c304","text":"ORCID is an independent non-profit organisation.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"ORCID","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"It is now an independent non-profit organisation, and is freely usable and fully interoperable with other ID systems.","representedInStars":false}
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{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c306","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/b075952c379c4568","nativeRecordCid":"eb76ffb2-5caf-427c-95e5-4565c13ec48b","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c306","text":"ORCID is fully interoperable with other identifier systems.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"ORCID","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"It is now an independent non-profit organisation, and is freely usable and fully interoperable with other ID systems.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c307","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/91ab103e995f457e","nativeRecordCid":"0bb69ba9-db43-472f-bcbd-034b752b9a75","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c307","text":"ORCID is a subset of the International Standard Name Identifier (ISNI).","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"ORCID","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"ORCID is also a subset of the International Standard Name Identifier (ISNI).","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c308","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/fffac5a75c33435e","nativeRecordCid":"cd39674a-fca1-4255-b0a3-0db6b16ce519","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c308","text":"ISNI has reserved a block of identifiers for use by ORCID.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"ISNI and ORCID","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The two organisations are cooperating: ISNI has reserved a block of identifiers for use by ORCID, so it is now possible for an individual to have both an ISNI and an ORCID.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c309","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/b0838fe35f864f73","nativeRecordCid":"3621f516-8d5d-4978-ba6d-4e6acf2ec944","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c309","text":"It is now possible for an individual to have both an ISNI and an ORCID.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"individuals with ISNI and ORCID","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The two organisations are cooperating: ISNI has reserved a block of identifiers for use by ORCID, so it is now possible for an individual to have both an ISNI and an ORCID.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c310","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/08adb9f9902b442b","nativeRecordCid":"29dce783-e84d-4599-b2e8-a3640eacfb18","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c310","text":"Funder references are important unique identifiers for contracts between research-performing and research-funding organisations.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"funder references","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Funder references are important unique identifiers for contracts between research-performing and\nresearch-funding organisations.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c311","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/9731c1445a2b4be6","nativeRecordCid":"4cde62ec-b0ab-49d7-9851-3f966c338528","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c311","text":"Funder reference information is required by most funders to be included in acknowledgement sections within manuscripts submitted for publication.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"funder acknowledgement information","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"This information is required by most funders to be included in acknowledgement sections within\nmanuscripts submitted for publication.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c312","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/6bb5c74fe713486b","nativeRecordCid":"354e5664-d537-48a2-b2a5-7a8a5c3c0326","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c312","text":"Authoritative sources for funder names are needed.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"","subject":"funder names","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"However despite efforts to encourage standard forms for this acknowledgement,59 there is a need for authoritative sources for funder names (as with institutional names above), and for authenticating the funding references (although Europe PubMed Central provides a post-publication grant lookup tool populated by those agencies that fund it).60","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c313","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/4ce91f8bd2be44a4","nativeRecordCid":"c6962064-4d67-4ed5-98b8-95f63cdfa608","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c313","text":"Authenticating funding references is needed.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"","subject":"funding references","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"However despite efforts to encourage standard forms for this acknowledgement,59 there is a need for authoritative sources for funder names (as with institutional names above), and for authenticating the funding references (although Europe PubMed Central provides a post-publication grant lookup tool populated by those agencies that fund it).60","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c314","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/66d6b829f6614b5b","nativeRecordCid":"0c6bd27f-3be8-4f18-8ea4-fd044a19db2b","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c314","text":"Other forms of output, such as datasets and conference proceedings, are increasingly issued with DOIs.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"other output forms","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Increasingly, other forms of output, such as datasets and conference proceedings, are issued with DOIs, or DOIs can be obtained retrospectively, for example through platforms such as ResearchGate.","representedInStars":false}
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{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c339","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/15d08f416d2b40aa","nativeRecordCid":"8d011439-fb77-4dbf-ba04-4edabe6e933d","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c339","text":"Snowball Metrics is gaining some traction in the USA and Australia.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"Snowball Metrics","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Snowball is also\ngaining some traction in the USA and Australia.","representedInStars":false}
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{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c356","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/edc423b01e6c40da","nativeRecordCid":"344f9104-c50a-4d92-a08c-6659b984270a","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c356","text":"The PBRF is unusual in that it takes the individual, rather than the department or school, as the unit of assessment.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"PBRF unit of assessment","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The PBRF is unusual in that it takes the individual (rather than the department or school) as the unit of assessment, so provides very detailed performance information that can inform strategic planning and resource allocation within institutions.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c357","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/53f17bf2baf94265","nativeRecordCid":"7ea882b4-8354-427e-a028-e96ca53ce0db","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c357","text":"The PBRF provides very detailed performance information that can inform strategic planning and resource allocation within institutions.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"PBRF performance information","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The PBRF is unusual in that it takes the individual (rather than the department or school) as the unit of assessment, so provides very detailed performance information that can inform strategic planning and resource allocation within institutions.","representedInStars":false}
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{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c359","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/a127fd909a8d4c1e","nativeRecordCid":"fd14c675-65c3-4bb2-b4ec-ca349c477eb1","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c359","text":"The US does not have a centralised national assessment system for its universities and research institutes.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"US national research assessment system","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The US does not have a centralised national assessment system for its universities and research institutes; however, in recent years, it has actively supported projects including STAR METRICS","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c360","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/8f04e05479904b51","nativeRecordCid":"61f3e6a5-6f61-4864-b28d-76eddd4c07a0","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c360","text":"STAR METRICS aims to create a repository of data and tools to help assess the impact of federal research investments.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"STAR METRICS data repository","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"It aims to create a repository of data and tools to help assess the impact of federal research investments.","representedInStars":false}
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{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c363","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/7ec4f1ae54f64bd7","nativeRecordCid":"5de05548-6a4e-4784-8a66-2242f4c325a9","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c363","text":"The nature of a country's research assessment approach, and the choice, use and relative importance of its indicators, reflect particular national policies.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"national research assessment approaches","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The nature of the assessment approach, and the choice, use and relative importance of particular indicators, reflect particular policies, and usually involve compromises around fairness across disciplines, robustness, administrative and/or cost burdens and sector buy in.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c364","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/980ce0c0b1a54671","nativeRecordCid":"aff143ee-441b-4c41-9a74-f937ed261b53","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c364","text":"National research assessment approaches usually involve compromises around fairness across disciplines, robustness, administrative and/or cost burdens, and sector buy-in.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"national research assessment approaches","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The nature of the assessment approach, and the choice, use and relative importance of particular indicators, reflect particular policies, and usually involve compromises around fairness across disciplines, robustness, administrative and/or cost burdens and sector buy in.","representedInStars":false}
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{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c367","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/857a722e0d1f48c6","nativeRecordCid":"cfbfb780-5d0e-4854-b354-15b893414397","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c367","text":"Context is crucial to good research assessment.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"","subject":"context in research assessment","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"However, context is also crucial to good assessment, and there will be elements that are specific to the design, operation and objectives of the UK system.","representedInStars":true}
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{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c370","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/1ec08f340afa4113","nativeRecordCid":"09426d83-62d9-4255-984e-e525fdcc8c61","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c370","text":"Recent initiatives, such as the 2014 'Science 2.0' White Paper from the European Commission, point towards a more integrated architecture for research funding, communication, dissemination and impact.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"recent EU research policy initiatives","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Recent initiatives, such as the 2014 ‘Science 2.0’ White Paper from the European Commission point towards a more integrated architecture for research funding, communication, dissemination and impact.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c371","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/07b55c48441340bf","nativeRecordCid":"d535ab8e-c8df-43c5-9124-9bbc25ae3963","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c371","text":"The UK has been at the forefront of debates about research metrics and assessment since the 1980s.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"UK's role in research assessment debates","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The UK has been at the forefront of these debates since the 1980s, and over that same period its research system, across many indicators, has grown significantly in strength.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c372","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/9233fd8e904c4111","nativeRecordCid":"b5f246cb-6e3f-446a-adb4-14bbfbd144fa","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c372","text":"Over the period since the 1980s, the UK's research system has grown significantly in strength across many indicators.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"UK research system strength","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The UK has been at the forefront of these debates since the 1980s, and over that same period its research system, across many indicators, has grown significantly in strength.","representedInStars":false}
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{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c377","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/469f4f9c86184ec3","nativeRecordCid":"a4264e69-c90f-41bb-b27a-fb5b126e581b","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c377","text":"Differences between academic subjects/disciplines must be considered when working with bibliometric analyses.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"those conducting bibliometric analyses","subject":"considerations in bibliometric analysis","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Several considerations need to be borne in mind when working with bibliometric analyses, including: differences between academic subjects/disciplines; coverage of sources within databases; the selection of the appropriate unit of analysis for the indicator in question; the question of credit allocation where outputs may include multiple authors, and accounting for self-citations.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c378","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/6b1b2bd95c5b4435","nativeRecordCid":"9ad7ebc2-94c4-403c-ac00-e1d937b79144","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c378","text":"Coverage of sources within databases must be considered when working with bibliometric analyses.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"those conducting bibliometric analyses","subject":"considerations in bibliometric analysis","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Several considerations need to be borne in mind when working with bibliometric analyses, including: differences between academic subjects/disciplines; coverage of sources within databases; the selection of the appropriate unit of analysis for the indicator in question; the question of credit allocation where outputs may include multiple authors, and accounting for self-citations.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c379","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/fc5d007e225846ca","nativeRecordCid":"b99cf023-b1bf-411a-86f3-ca97b7fc1e37","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c379","text":"The selection of the appropriate unit of analysis for the indicator in question must be considered when working with bibliometric analyses.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"those conducting bibliometric analyses","subject":"considerations in bibliometric analysis","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Several considerations need to be borne in mind when working with bibliometric analyses, including: differences between academic subjects/disciplines; coverage of sources within databases; the selection of the appropriate unit of analysis for the indicator in question; the question of credit allocation where outputs may include multiple authors, and accounting for self-citations.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c380","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/08543f28ef1546a5","nativeRecordCid":"2d67331e-29b2-422f-a69e-d2e3887aaf66","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c380","text":"The question of credit allocation, where outputs may include multiple authors, must be considered when working with bibliometric analyses.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"those conducting bibliometric analyses","subject":"considerations in bibliometric analysis","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Several considerations need to be borne in mind when working with bibliometric analyses, including: differences between academic subjects/disciplines; coverage of sources within databases; the selection of the appropriate unit of analysis for the indicator in question; the question of credit allocation where outputs may include multiple authors, and accounting for self-citations.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c381","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/a284aa3be30e457a","nativeRecordCid":"dcb24a60-3dab-4656-a195-fc05aa316f94","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c381","text":"Accounting for self-citations must be considered when working with bibliometric analyses.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"those conducting bibliometric analyses","subject":"considerations in bibliometric analysis","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Several considerations need to be borne in mind when working with bibliometric analyses, including: differences between academic subjects/disciplines; coverage of sources within databases; the selection of the appropriate unit of analysis for the indicator in question; the question of credit allocation where outputs may include multiple authors, and accounting for self-citations.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c382","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/0dd2f305d548417a","nativeRecordCid":"76c41e96-5138-439d-88c4-e24686d2182e","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c382","text":"The three most important multidisciplinary bibliographic databases are Web of Science, Scopus, and Google Scholar.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"major bibliographic databases","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The three most important multidisciplinary bibliographic databases are Web of Science, Scopus, and Google Scholar.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c383","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/69999282cbb04c16","nativeRecordCid":"1264ea0a-30db-4383-876f-bc5313b33d12","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c383","text":"Scopus has a broader coverage of the scholarly literature than Web of Science.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"Scopus coverage compared to Web of Science","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Scopus has a broader coverage of the scholarly literature than Web of Science.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c384","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/8631b80ad26d4bbe","nativeRecordCid":"ac37fdc2-7bbe-4daf-a118-92b41a1eeb56","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c384","text":"Certain disciplines, especially the Social Sciences and Humanities, create special challenges for bibliometric analyses.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"SSH disciplines and bibliometric analysis","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Certain disciplines, especially the Social Sciences and Humanities (SSH) create special challenges for bibliometric analyses.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c385","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/92efef1136f64b9c","nativeRecordCid":"50f9813a-f8b8-4001-b745-2a09aa2cf52b","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c385","text":"Google Scholar is generally found to outperform both Web of Science and Scopus in terms of its coverage of the literature.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"Google Scholar coverage","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Google Scholar is generally found to outperform both Web of Science and Scopus in terms of its coverage of the literature.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c386","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/4cc2d7fe17774750","nativeRecordCid":"385df8b9-b1d8-4d3c-ae5c-c3f63e7e87a4","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c386","text":"In a few fields, mainly in the natural sciences, the coverage of Google Scholar has been reported to be worse than the coverage of Web of Science and Scopus.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"Google Scholar coverage in natural sciences","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"However, there are a few fields, mainly in the natural sciences, in which some studies have reported the coverage of Google Scholar to be worse than the coverage of Web of Science and Scopus.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c387","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/ee9884ca388d4b8a","nativeRecordCid":"402246f3-d9b1-452c-a16f-c965b588ed4a","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c387","text":"The coverage of Google Scholar has been improving over time.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"Google Scholar coverage over time","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"On the other hand, the coverage of Google Scholar has been improving over time, so it is not clear the same still applies today.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c388","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/e4d5998a90a247a5","nativeRecordCid":"d0fe7c4d-6987-424a-a73a-f8ff11780d97","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c388","text":"Most citation impact indicators can be seen as variants or extensions of a limited set of basic indicators.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"citation impact indicators","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Most of these indicators can be seen as variants or extensions of a limited set of basic indicators: the total and the average number of citations of the publications of a research unit (e.g. of an individual researcher, a research group, or a research institution); the number and the proportion of highly cited publications of a research unit; and a research unit’s h-index.","representedInStars":false}
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{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c390","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/598547c519884b4f","nativeRecordCid":"3f3a71a9-388b-4a18-82dd-035ec7dc537c","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c390","text":"The basic citation impact indicators include the number and proportion of highly cited publications of a research unit.","kind":"definitional","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"basic citation impact indicators","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Most of these indicators can be seen as variants or extensions of a limited set of basic indicators: the total and the average number of citations of the publications of a research unit (e.g. of an individual researcher, a research group, or a research institution); the number and the proportion of highly cited publications of a research unit; and a research unit’s h-index.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c391","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/7fbf1484c9f4496c","nativeRecordCid":"a2a386ab-04eb-4f3f-aa4f-6e96920b282a","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c391","text":"The basic citation impact indicators include a research unit's h-index.","kind":"definitional","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"basic citation impact indicators","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Most of these indicators can be seen as variants or extensions of a limited set of basic indicators: the total and the average number of citations of the publications of a research unit (e.g. of an individual researcher, a research group, or a research institution); the number and the proportion of highly cited publications of a research unit; and a research unit’s h-index.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c392","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/fc6045cb72e54c55","nativeRecordCid":"73c2916a-0486-4a09-b23a-93be4e558b2e","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c392","text":"A large number of citation impact indicators have been proposed in the literature.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"citation impact indicators","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"A large number of citation impact indicators have been proposed in the literature.","representedInStars":false}
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{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c394","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/3006c8e480084ab0","nativeRecordCid":"ba29cfe8-624c-4cea-bbf9-3d9245f70203","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c394","text":"Citation distributions tend to be highly skewed.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"citation distributions","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Citation distributions tend to be highly skewed, and therefore the total or the average number of citations of a set of publications may be strongly influenced by one or a few highly cited publications (‘outliers’).","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c395","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/0fa885b1b49f4010","nativeRecordCid":"1abc331a-4cf9-4d0f-954e-0641abe82bc8","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c395","text":"The total or average number of citations of a set of publications may be strongly influenced by one or a few highly cited publications ('outliers').","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"total/average citation counts","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Citation distributions tend to be highly skewed, and therefore the total or the average number of citations of a set of publications may be strongly influenced by one or a few highly cited publications (‘outliers’).","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c396","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/9cbbe137ea3340c7","nativeRecordCid":"7a67967b-067c-460b-a548-ceaff226a72a","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c396","text":"Indicators based on counting highly cited publications are suggested as a more robust alternative to indicators based on total or average citation counts.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"highly cited publication indicators","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Indicators based on the idea of counting highly cited publications are suggested as a more robust alternative to indicators based on total or average citation counts.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c397","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/07b5cd3b0ca94af7","nativeRecordCid":"ace60e3d-2a9a-4ce2-a73e-65064c1881ba","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c397","text":"The strong influence of highly cited outlier publications on total or average citation counts is often considered undesirable.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"outlier influence on citation counts","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"This is often considered undesirable.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c398","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/8a682fff788c4604","nativeRecordCid":"b9d4fdee-77e8-40ac-81dd-edb37458155b","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c398","text":"Those undertaking bibliometric analyses must decide which types of publications and citations are included and which are not.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"those undertaking bibliometric analyses","subject":"inclusion/exclusion of publication and citation types","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"When undertaking bibliometric analyses, one needs to decide which types of publications and citations are included and which are not.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c399","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/7d10e9e4c8be4ffe","nativeRecordCid":"e7f72469-b688-441e-8fd8-68bbb9b480be","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c399","text":"In Web of Science and Scopus, each publication has a document type.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"document types in Web of Science and Scopus","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"In Web of Science and Scopus, each publication has a document type.","representedInStars":false}
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{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c401","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/a64f1c8cf7854eab","nativeRecordCid":"30029b2c-394b-4a52-947e-5b6935f2f890","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c401","text":"Publications of other document types, such as 'editorial material', 'letter', and 'review', may be either included or excluded in bibliometric analyses.","kind":"normative","modality":"may","actor":"","subject":"inclusion of non-article document types","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"However, publications of other document types, such as ‘editorial material’, ‘letter’, and ‘review’ may be either included or excluded.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c402","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/0d435ff931e04cb9","nativeRecordCid":"55965dce-3877-4f0d-8e5a-0d4e3ef98b1c","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c402","text":"Most bibliometric researchers prefer to exclude author self-citations from bibliometric analyses.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"exclusion of author self-citations","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Most bibliometric researchers prefer to exclude author self-citations from bibliometric analyses.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c403","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/3f28d0f02b3d4763","nativeRecordCid":"fdda970e-8da7-46e7-b4e5-d7cc21f3cb3a","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c403","text":"There is no full agreement in the literature on the importance of excluding author self-citations.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"excluding author self-citations","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"There is no full agreement in the literature on the importance of excluding these citations.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c404","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/daeebc2fff384b4c","nativeRecordCid":"d6e3d853-a97c-45cb-a78a-35233f6da147","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c404","text":"In some bibliometric analyses, the effect of author self-citations is very small, so there is no need to exclude these citations.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"effect of author self-citations","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"In some bibliometric analyses, the effect of author self-citations is very small, suggesting that there is no need to exclude these citations.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c405","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/6b33d71513df448f","nativeRecordCid":"49f1338c-a3da-470e-a3dc-29064cd86439","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c405","text":"Author self-citations should preferably be excluded from bibliometric analyses, at least at low aggregation levels such as individual researchers.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"","subject":"exclusion of author self-citations","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"In general, however, it is suggested that author self-citations should preferably be excluded, at least in analyses at low aggregation levels, for instance at the level of individual researchers.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c406","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/397ac4a33e3e4f86","nativeRecordCid":"ce6c7d82-595c-4250-91ec-91d462cd1083","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c406","text":"In research assessment contexts, there is often a requirement to make comparisons between publications from different fields.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"comparisons between fields in research assessment","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"In research assessment contexts, there is often a requirement to make comparisons between publications from different fields.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c407","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/6034773ce6da453a","nativeRecordCid":"20bdd93c-8df8-4def-b79d-df93314e22cc","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c407","text":"Citation counts of publications from different fields should not be directly compared with each other.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"","subject":"comparing citation counts across fields","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"There is agreement in the literature that citation counts of publications from different fields should not be directly compared with each other, because there are large differences among fields in the average number of citations per publication.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c408","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/ce19992be5ac4bbb","nativeRecordCid":"fd2249dc-cfd6-4586-a4df-39d7bb9f244c","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c408","text":"There are large differences among fields in the average number of citations per publication.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"citation counts across fields","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"There is agreement in the literature that citation counts of publications from different fields should not be directly compared with each other, because there are large differences among fields in the average number of citations per publication.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c409","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/a2115307f6434dcc","nativeRecordCid":"118f639f-ca7d-4ccd-9313-9a5ce8da103d","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c409","text":"Researchers have proposed various approaches to normalise citation impact indicators for differences between fields, between older and more recent publications, and between publications of different types.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"normalisation of citation impact indicators","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Researchers have proposed various approaches to normalise citation impact indicators for differences between field, between older and more recent publications, and between publications of different types.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c410","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/90ae6e9c9d5c469b","nativeRecordCid":"b9da1268-5369-4974-b605-f65866ea30ec","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c410","text":"Most attention in the literature has been paid to normalised indicators based on average citation counts.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"normalised citation indicators","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Most attention in the literature has been paid to normalised indicators based on average citation counts.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c411","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/dbb1c126b3fc4ce6","nativeRecordCid":"76b408c6-5b31-4962-8e07-839325e9aef8","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c411","text":"Recent discussions in the literature focus on various technical issues in the calculation of normalised citation impact indicators.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"normalised citation impact indicator calculation","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Recent discussions focus on various technical issues in the calculation of these indicators, for instance whether highly cited publication indicators count the proportion of the publications of a research unit that belong to the top 10% or the top 1% of their field, and more sophisticated variants thereof, including the position of publications within the citation distribution of their field.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c412","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/9b750fa237684bb7","nativeRecordCid":"99ddf2e6-1ecd-4433-a34d-215f70e797da","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c412","text":"A key issue in the calculation of normalised citation impact indicators is the way in which the concept of a research field is operationalised.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"operationalisation of research fields","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"A key issue in the calculation of normalised citation impact indicators is the way in which the concept of a research field is operationalised.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c413","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/cce2f193107c45dd","nativeRecordCid":"aca83320-d682-4977-882f-24e3884d588a","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c413","text":"The most common approach to operationalising research fields is to work with the predefined fields in a database such as Web of Science.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"operationalising research fields","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The most common approach is to work with the predefined fields in a database such as Web of Science, but this approach is heavily criticised.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c414","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/5ebc199cc50c4cb2","nativeRecordCid":"332353d7-bdcf-4f5c-aaa9-d0f8103f0e94","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c414","text":"The approach of using predefined database fields to operationalise research fields is heavily criticised.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"predefined-field approach to research fields","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The most common approach is to work with the predefined fields in a database such as Web of Science, but this approach is heavily criticised.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c415","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/faaf3ae3499f4d91","nativeRecordCid":"07302111-40a0-43cb-a7ea-d1dd4f488d21","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c415","text":"Citing-side normalisation approaches, which calculate normalised citation impact indicators without explicitly defining fields, represent a recent development in the literature.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"citing-side normalisation approaches","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Another approach is to calculate normalised citation impact indicators without defining fields in an explicit way. This idea is implemented in so-called ‘citing-side normalisation’ approaches, which represent a recent development in the literature.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c416","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/8a05d4fb6c7c45d5","nativeRecordCid":"9b4c86ae-90d4-4995-ba66-9021e6212c00","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c416","text":"In the absence of other reliable indicators of research contribution or value, a researcher's contribution to a piece of scholarly published work has been estimated by their inclusion as a listed author and their relative position in the author list.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"estimating researcher contribution via authorship","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"In the absence of other reliable indicators of research contribution or value, the contribution of a particular researcher to a piece of scholarly published work has been estimated by consideration of the inclusion of a researcher as a listed author on published work – and the relative position in the list.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c417","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/4b61dd5770284a50","nativeRecordCid":"e45f5117-eba0-46f7-85c9-24ef938a9f18","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c417","text":"The average number of authors of publications in the scholarly literature continues to increase, partly due to the pressure to publish to indicate research progression and to a trend, in many disciplines, toward greater collaboration and 'team science'.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"average number of authors per publication","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"However, the average number of authors of publications in the scholarly literature continues to increase, partly due to the pressure to publish to indicate research progression and also due to a trend, in many disciplines, toward greater collaboration and ‘team science’98.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c418","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/9898bb97f5b44a5b","nativeRecordCid":"c8977b44-ea6c-409c-b949-d8d236aa6bcb","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c418","text":"Scholarly research is increasingly collaborative.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"scholarly research","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"is increasingly collaborative, and original research papers with a single author are – particularly in the","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c419","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/c3f81089415d421e","nativeRecordCid":"d0422c19-61bb-4398-addd-125809138229","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c419","text":"Original research papers with a single author are becoming rarer, particularly in the natural sciences.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"single-author research papers","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"original research papers with a single author are – particularly in the\nnatural sciences – becoming rarer.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c420","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/ce1617ce6d29494d","nativeRecordCid":"2bfaff16-af8e-4652-97f6-8aaa304d75c1","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c420","text":"The trend toward collaborative research makes it increasingly difficult to determine who did what and who had a particularly pivotal role or contribution to scholarly published work.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"attribution of contributions to published work","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"This trend makes it increasingly difficult to determine who did what, and who had a particularly\npivotal role or contribution, to scholarly published work.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c421","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/c9949f15aed14226","nativeRecordCid":"ccc70e16-5f83-4a5d-b424-751de7cd1922","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c421","text":"It is difficult to decipher individual contributions to scholarly published work by consulting the author lists, acknowledgements or contributions sections of most journals.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"individual contributions to published work","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"It is currently difficult to decipher individual contributions by consulting the author lists,\nacknowledgements or contributions sections of most journals","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c422","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/c9763d2f963342ff","nativeRecordCid":"d67428b1-9d65-4a08-a09c-f6a438340d28","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c422","text":"The unstructured information in author lists, acknowledgements or contributions sections is difficult to text-mine.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"unstructured contribution information","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"and the unstructured information is difficult to text-mine.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c423","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/80a5f79707c2478f","nativeRecordCid":"c21add46-d299-47fa-b50d-e00d5c759190","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c423","text":"There has been a mixture of approaches to identifying contributions of authors to scholarly published work.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"approaches to identifying author contributions","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"There has been a mixture of approaches to identifying contributions of ‘authors’.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c424","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/cf7283230f454421","nativeRecordCid":"7595ac2d-7440-40c5-8dd8-ce6e5e23d8ef","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c424","text":"Full counting is an approach that assumes any listing of an author is valuable, in which citations to a multi-author publication are counted multiple times, once for each author, even for authors who made only a small contribution.","kind":"definitional","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"full counting","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"One example works\non the assumption that any listing of an author is valuable, known as ‘full counting’. The citations to a\nmulti-author publication are counted multiple times, once for each of the authors, even for authors\nwho have made only a small contribution.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c425","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/e4db9482f70e49c3","nativeRecordCid":"6689214d-2e3c-4b0e-a86b-a8bfea031576","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c425","text":"The full counting approach has an inflationary effect because the same citations are counted more than once.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"full counting approach","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Because the same citations are counted more than once, the\nfull counting approach has a certain inflationary effect","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c426","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/158d3a25200c4f7f","nativeRecordCid":"89e98039-dcf4-4ff9-93fa-80bfc49ea2f6","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c426","text":"The fractional counting approach divides the credit for a publication equally among all authors.","kind":"definitional","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"fractional counting","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"the\nfractional counting approach, where the credit for a publication is divided equally among all authors.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c427","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/fd700602b69a4dbd","nativeRecordCid":"a5a1111d-ead8-4ca1-ae37-e5def8277886","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c427","text":"One approach frequently used as short-hand assumes that the first and/or last authors in an author list have played the most pivotal role in the production of scholarly outputs.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"first/last-author credit assumption","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Another approach frequently used as short-hand is to assume that the first and/or last authors in a\nlist have played the most pivotal role in the production of the scholarly outputs.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c428","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/e2924669fa284ca8","nativeRecordCid":"c2b0e11f-0947-44ac-84a1-7610d6805f01","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c428","text":"The assumption that first and/or last authors played the most pivotal role does not apply across disciplines, such as economics and high energy physics, where author-listing protocols are frequently alphabetical.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"first/last-author credit assumption","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"However this does not\napply across disciplines (e.g. economics and high energy physics where author-listing protocols are\nfrequently alphabetical).","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c429","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/9c4719f97e0c4bcd","nativeRecordCid":"0cc86857-a7e9-40e5-91d8-afb60ec7f617","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c429","text":"An alternative approach fully allocates the credit of a publication to the corresponding author instead of the first author.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"corresponding-author credit allocation","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"An alternative possibility is to fully allocate the credits of a publication to the\ncorresponding author instead of the first author.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c430","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/33f18c9fd52f40e3","nativeRecordCid":"b5c13d21-e11f-476d-a384-fb4e178ae9f4","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c430","text":"Another approach allocates the credits of a publication to individual authors in a weighted manner, with the first author receiving the largest share and each subsequent author receiving a progressively smaller share.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"weighted credit allocation","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"A final approach discussed in the literature is to\nallocate the credits of a publication to the individual authors in a weighted manner, with the first\nauthor receiving the largest share of the credits, the second author receiving the second-largest share,\nand so on.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c431","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/5de1d23bea6a4231","nativeRecordCid":"ddc2eaca-c4c6-4c95-9468-a22ce3c0af1a","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c431","text":"Developments in digital technology present opportunities to address the challenge of deriving individual contributions to published work.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"digital technology and contribution attribution","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Developments in digital technology present opportunities to address the challenge of deriving\ncontributions to published work.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c432","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/2d99a46c1a194cba","nativeRecordCid":"90681a9f-0868-41fc-be06-7aa4d9c1ba46","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c432","text":"For researchers, the ability to better describe their specific contributions would be a more useful currency than being listed as a specific author number.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"description of researcher contributions","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"For researchers, the\nability to better describe what they contributed would be a more useful currency than being listed as\na specific ‘author number’.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c433","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/052a782911a3470c","nativeRecordCid":"398a3c1e-9cd1-4725-a2fb-933780e9fea2","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c433","text":"Researchers could draw attention to their specific contributions to published work to distinguish their skills from those of collaborators or competitors.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"researchers' contributions","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Researchers could draw attention to their specific\ncontributions to published work to distinguish their skills from those of collaborators or competitors","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c434","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/c5e688d321ed4df7","nativeRecordCid":"a064247a-13f7-4d4c-84aa-3448ac6019d1","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c434","text":"Better description of contributions could particularly benefit junior researchers.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"junior researchers","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"This could\nbenefit junior researchers in particular","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c435","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/0130584cae284a22","nativeRecordCid":"615e601a-ce85-493c-a4e0-7a561d4d5a83","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c435","text":"The opportunities to be a 'key' author on a paper can prove somewhat elusive for junior researchers.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"junior researchers","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"for whom the opportunities to be a ‘key’ author on a paper can\nprove somewhat elusive.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c436","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/bac4da5103d84842","nativeRecordCid":"8af4eb10-7bae-4ac7-bfa0-beadf2d68008","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c436","text":"Methodological innovators would also stand to benefit from clarified roles regarding contributions.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"methodological innovators","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Methodological innovators would also stand to benefit from clarified roles","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c437","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/9b56c2bd353349cf","nativeRecordCid":"cccda1f2-46cf-4da8-bad8-f0de03b772fe","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c437","text":"The contributions of methodological innovators are not reliably apparent in a conventional author list.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"methodological innovators","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"their contributions are not reliably apparent in a conventional author list.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c438","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/9d4d7a3f864e4ce4","nativeRecordCid":"5d89ea0e-e56f-43b6-98a5-9233af7ece20","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c438","text":"Better description of contributions could facilitate collaboration.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"description of contributions","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"It could also facilitate\ncollaboration and data sharing by allowing others to seek out the person who provided","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c439","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/955f135c65164608","nativeRecordCid":"f32a1a67-f733-4f40-b104-92c77556921d","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c439","text":"Better description of contributions could facilitate data sharing.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"description of contributions","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"It could also facilitate\ncollaboration and data sharing by allowing others to seek out the person who provided, for example,\nan important piece of data or statistical analysis.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c440","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/1080d86e398348f7","nativeRecordCid":"7a5da47f-8553-4f33-81cf-57e791a9c5fd","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c440","text":"Through the endorsement of individuals' contributions, researchers could move beyond authorship as the dominant measure of esteem.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"authorship as measure of esteem","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Through the endorsement of individuals’ contributions, researchers could move beyond ‘authorship’\nas the dominant measure of esteem.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c441","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/1d93383407ac462d","nativeRecordCid":"adc76155-1289-41c5-b97c-8cbbc581effb","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c441","text":"Better information about the contributions of grant applicants would aid funding agencies' decision-making process.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"funding agencies' decision-making","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"For funding agencies, better information about the contributions\nof grant applicants would aid the decision-making process.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c442","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/3564bd322b764461","nativeRecordCid":"a9d87d26-94a1-4f65-be74-516fa15a35ea","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c442","text":"Greater precision about contributions could enable automated analysis of the role and potential outputs of those being funded, especially if those contributions were linked to an open and persistent researcher profile or identifier.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"automated analysis of grant applicants","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Greater precision could also enable\nautomated analysis of the role and potential outputs of those being funded, especially if those\ncontributions were linked to an open and persistent researcher profile or identifier.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c443","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/1a58832a3d2a497d","nativeRecordCid":"ecbccd76-2e5e-4a02-b25c-7c60c6687a94","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c443","text":"Understanding a researcher's contribution is fundamental to the academic appointment and promotion process for institutions.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"institutions' appointment and promotion process","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"For institutions,\nunderstanding a researcher’s contribution is fundamental to the academic appointment and promotion\nprocess.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c444","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/51a60cb7d51f4405","nativeRecordCid":"24a23183-aefe-4ebe-b80f-bf63d5ec6f6f","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c444","text":"Better information about contributions would help those looking for the most apt peer reviewers.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"identification of peer reviewers","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"It would also help\nthose looking for the most apt peer reviewers.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c445","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/c16625db4ef241fc","nativeRecordCid":"36908c45-151b-4ec8-9c10-4bfbc50b105c","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c445","text":"The Journal Impact Factor (JIF) is an annual calculation of the mean number of citations to articles published in a given journal in the two preceding years.","kind":"definitional","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"Journal Impact Factor","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"This is an annual calculation of the mean number of citations to articles published in any given\njournal in the two preceding years.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c446","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/497cfc4258244e40","nativeRecordCid":"93f7705e-27c6-4a6b-aeaf-7ca7f323a613","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c446","text":"The best-known indicator of the citation impact of journals is the Journal Impact Factor (JIF).","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"Journal Impact Factor","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The best-known indicator of the citation impact of journals is the JIF.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c447","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/2797758968ee4588","nativeRecordCid":"5d03622c-b442-42dc-be58-5eed4e819981","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c447","text":"The way in which the JIF is calculated skews the JIF towards a minority of well-cited papers.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"Journal Impact Factor calculation","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"which skews\nthe JIF towards a minority of well-cited papers","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c448","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/e2f154063f0144cb","nativeRecordCid":"1c375cbd-7d53-4c6f-9c06-90e2fa67b97f","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c448","text":"One proposed improvement to the JIF is to take into account citations during a longer time period, possibly adjusted to the specific citation characteristics of a journal.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"JIF improvement proposal","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"It is for instance suggested to take into account citations during a longer time period, possibly\nadjusted to the specific citation characteristics of a journal","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c449","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/65279d1d212c4a73","nativeRecordCid":"29f6be93-fb6a-4b83-941b-a7e8d7d6e3d4","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c449","text":"Various improvements of and alternatives to the JIF have been proposed in the literature.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"alternatives to the JIF","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Various improvements of and alternatives to the JIF have been proposed in the literature.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c450","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/bbeb0e3938a54ae8","nativeRecordCid":"4691694f-1b08-4f85-9c6e-65f8d1b3a547","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c450","text":"Another proposed alternative to the JIF is to calculate an h-index for journals.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"h-index for journals","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Another suggestion is to calculate an h-\nindex for journals as an alternative or complement to the JIF.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c451","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/708614d46f414aec","nativeRecordCid":"ffef4f9f-5c5a-4185-9775-5896034b6b63","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c451","text":"Citation impact indicators for journals need to be normalised for differences in citation characteristics among fields.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"","subject":"citation impact indicators for journals","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Researchers also argue that citation impact indicators for journals need to be normalised for\ndifferences in citation characteristics among fields.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c452","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/2255cfc7b80f45b9","nativeRecordCid":"c05947c9-d421-4903-8259-d36ec0e57145","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c452","text":"A number of normalisation approaches for citation impact indicators have been suggested.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"normalisation approaches","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"A number of normalisation approaches have been suggested","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c453","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/844e84d8ccf34f4b","nativeRecordCid":"03953b46-07ce-4eed-8943-56d302e9fc4a","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c453","text":"In the calculation of citation impact indicators for journals, more weight should be given to citations from high-impact sources than to citations from low-impact sources.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"","subject":"weighting of citations by source impact","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Another idea proposed in the literature is that in the calculation of citation impact indicators for\njournals more weight should be given to citations from high-impact sources","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c454","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/1cd52c359d6f43c9","nativeRecordCid":"bee2227e-7100-4d46-bcdd-387530b2cec9","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c454","text":"The EigenFactor and article influence indicators implement the principle of giving more weight to citations from high-impact sources.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"EigenFactor and article influence indicators","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"This principle is implemented in the\nEigenFactor and article influence indicators reported, along with the JIF, in the Journal Citation\nReports.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c455","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/12e29cad2f4e4e85","nativeRecordCid":"d6df18d3-55b6-45d4-b230-5ce84cf7c045","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c455","text":"The JIF and other citation impact indicators for journals are often used not only in the assessment of journals as a whole but also in the assessment of individual publications in a journal.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"JIF use in assessment","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The JIF and other citation impact indicators for journals are often used not only in the assessment\nof journals as a whole but also in the assessment of individual publications in a journal.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c456","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/86d026b9ceb942c5","nativeRecordCid":"e9e47bc6-76bb-400a-8027-4151491de749","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c456","text":"The SJR indicator included in Scopus also uses the principle of giving more weight to citations from high-impact sources.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"SJR indicator","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The same idea is also used in the SJR indicator included in Scopus.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c457","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/f1a0296d9efc43f0","nativeRecordCid":"49563362-feb7-4619-96a0-8ed2bf408065","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c457","text":"The use of journal-level indicators for assessing individual publications is rejected by many bibliometricians.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"journal-level indicators for individual assessment","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The use of journal-level indicators for assessing individual publications is rejected by many\nbibliometricians.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c458","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/9781643ff1db4ac6","nativeRecordCid":"6aec4972-7cb9-42ec-97b0-f8484c31a0f0","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c458","text":"Journal-level indicators serve as a substitute for publication-level citation statistics.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"journal-level indicators","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Journal-level\nindicators then serve as a substitute for publication-level citation statistics.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c459","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/fb5869f250c74837","nativeRecordCid":"d82088e3-bec9-479c-92e3-e3d446c27f2b","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c459","text":"The distribution of citations over the publications in a journal is highly skewed.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"citation distribution within a journal","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"the distribution of citations over the publications in a journal is highly skewed","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c460","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/b71f8e02289849b2","nativeRecordCid":"cdb166ee-799e-49db-9a5b-3aaa381fd681","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c460","text":"The JIF and other journal-level indicators are not representative of the citation impact of a typical publication in a journal.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"journal-level indicators","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"which means that the\nJIF and other journal-level indicators are not representative of the citation impact of a typical\npublication in a journal.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c461","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/f8c3c66d10474f51","nativeRecordCid":"d329f2bd-1615-4c1e-a1ca-0a66a13068e3","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c461","text":"Some bibliometricians agree with the use of journal-level indicators in the assessment of very recent publications.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"journal-level indicators for recent publications","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"However, some bibliometricians agree with the use of journal-level indicators in the assessment of\nvery recent publications.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c462","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/c03e6ea7374e454c","nativeRecordCid":"2ec42480-2fb3-4b78-a7ce-ea72c0e22da8","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c462","text":"For very recent publications, citation statistics at the level of the publication itself provide hardly any information.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"citation statistics for recent publications","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"In the case of these publications, citation statistics at the\nlevel of the publication itself provide hardly any information.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c463","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/c418214e033c4bfa","nativeRecordCid":"3555c980-af54-4950-a546-2f527a08f1fb","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c463","text":"Analysis of the diffusion of ideas makes it possible to analyse the body of knowledge that authors draw upon.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"diffusion-of-ideas analysis","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Using this approach, it is possible to analyse the body of knowledge that authors draw upon","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c464","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/abb075594c1e4279","nativeRecordCid":"c447e603-f599-4d34-b876-b23caceb741f","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c464","text":"Analysis of the diffusion of ideas makes it possible to analyse the diversity of research fields that subsequently draws on the results of a body of knowledge.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"diffusion-of-ideas analysis","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"and also the diversity of research fields that subsequently draws on these results.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c465","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/5dd99b6482614744","nativeRecordCid":"37290bfe-0add-4d76-b262-91e6d726d515","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c465","text":"Analysis of the influence of a given work within a particular network is an area that is developing fast.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"network-influence analysis","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Another area that is developing fast is analysis of the influence of a given work within a particular\nnetwork.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c466","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/a2e341e02a914eab","nativeRecordCid":"703bb69e-b229-4ae8-bfa3-ef8b5727db9c","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c466","text":"In social media analyses, the concept of reach or page impressions can be more informative than simple counts.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"social media reach/impressions metrics","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"In social media analyses the\nconcept of reach or page impressions can be more informative than simple counts.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c467","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/2256b34e338f4227","nativeRecordCid":"ca49b38b-2f96-4ffb-a76f-bae2b525faaf","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c467","text":"Within a network conception of the spread of knowledge and ideas, it is possible to use knowledge of the types of connections.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"network conception of knowledge spread","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Within this\nnetwork conception of the spread of knowledge and ideas it is also possible to use knowledge of the\ntypes of connections.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c468","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/997e1a9184ef4927","nativeRecordCid":"d6aada8f-0838-4762-8605-ec66d4e2b25c","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c468","text":"Richer network-based indicators will make it possible to track and understand the way that research outputs spread.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"richer network-based indicators","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"These\nmuch richer indicators will make it possible to track and understand the way that research outputs\nspread and influence activities ranging from further research to public discussion of policy.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c469","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/022be0c3a6cc4ace","nativeRecordCid":"396aa507-a1ba-4b18-8251-360121be086a","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c469","text":"Richer network-based indicators will make it possible to track and understand the way that research outputs influence activities ranging from further research to public discussion of policy.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"richer network-based indicators","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"These\nmuch richer indicators will make it possible to track and understand the way that research outputs\nspread and influence activities ranging from further research to public discussion of policy.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c470","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/4abbce9700fa45ae","nativeRecordCid":"b085e92f-985c-42f7-9db1-4b05cce8987d","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c470","text":"The most common method to assess the value of altmetrics is to investigate their correlation with citations.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"assessment of altmetrics value","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The most common method to help assess the value of altmetrics is to investigate their correlation\nwith citations","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c471","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/167830f861a54ab0","nativeRecordCid":"f6a9d9ba-7702-420c-a6ec-664cc2916449","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c471","text":"Altmetrics may indicate different aspects of scholarly impact than citations.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"altmetrics vs citations","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"despite the hope that they may indicate different aspects of scholarly impact","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c472","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/aca67b868de84f70","nativeRecordCid":"3fd41db4-b3cc-43de-a565-1b9f81da9187","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c472","text":"It would be strange for two valid impact indicators, no matter how different, to be completely uncorrelated.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"correlation between valid impact indicators","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"This is because\nit would be strange for two valid impact indicators, no matter how different, to be completely\nuncorrelated.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c473","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/bcb7dba32ba648ec","nativeRecordCid":"a78374f7-230b-44f5-b70d-b72375007a61","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c473","text":"The internet contains a range of websites hosting free general scholarly databases and repositories, some of which form new sources of citation or usage data.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"free scholarly databases and repositories","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The internet now contains a range of websites hosting free general scholarly databases, such as\nGoogle Scholar (discussed above in 3.1.1) and Google Books, as well as institutional and subject\nrepositories, some of which form new sources of citation or usage data.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c474","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/aa454439e54141d4","nativeRecordCid":"da57514d-49b5-4ee0-9508-62913adcbd16","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c474","text":"Free scholarly databases inherit many of the strengths and limitations of traditional bibliometric databases, but with some important differences.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"free scholarly databases","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"These inherit many of the\nstrengths and limitations of traditional bibliometric databases, but with some important differences.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c475","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/e2f0e335a4a14e4f","nativeRecordCid":"162be6fa-086c-4b42-b14b-d4062838ad3b","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c475","text":"Google Scholar was not primarily developed to rival conventional citation indexes.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"Google Scholar","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Although Google Scholar was not primarily developed to rival conventional citation indexes","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c476","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/03c2822274ee44e7","nativeRecordCid":"d2169417-36a0-4557-a8a7-71b91967aebb","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c476","text":"Many studies have compared Google Scholar with conventional citation indexes for research assessment.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"Google Scholar comparisons","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"many\nstudies have now compared it with them for research assessment","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c477","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/03eae2581212495a","nativeRecordCid":"fb65e87e-2bca-4392-9059-8b610824fa1e","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c477","text":"Digital readership information can be easily and routinely collected, except for paper copies of articles.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"digital readership information","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"digital readership information can be easily and routinely collected, except for paper copies of articles.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c478","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/35ac2cbc3df742e9","nativeRecordCid":"2e6583a4-42d0-4453-9ba9-dddc9a8abcc0","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c478","text":"Usage data is a logical choice to supplement citation counts.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"usage data","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Usage data is a logical choice to supplement citation counts","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c479","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/2547ca441b2a4ea7","nativeRecordCid":"3de94239-357d-4c6f-abf4-e37449a67ba6","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c479","text":"Bibliometric indicators do not show the usage of a published work by non-authors.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"bibliometric indicators","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Bibliometric indicators do not show the usage of a published work by non-authors, such as students, some academics, and non-academic\nusers who do not usually publish but may read scholarly publications.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c480","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/a08591ca62694709","nativeRecordCid":"919f6774-2a74-4971-9320-1ebcf97d8d09","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c480","text":"Usage-based statistics for academic publications may help to give a better understanding of the usage patterns of documents.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"usage-based statistics","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Usage-based statistics for academic publications may therefore help to give a better understating of the usage patterns of\ndocuments","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c481","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/c9ebf57f0d704c44","nativeRecordCid":"ffefaf35-6ed1-4ca6-9899-be8ba2369ebb","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c481","text":"Usage-based statistics for academic publications can be more recent than bibliometric indicators.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"usage-based statistics","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"and can be more recent than bibliometric indicators.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c482","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/0070fe2ce5d843f1","nativeRecordCid":"153b32a5-b4f3-42ec-8b5e-9dcdd46e243f","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c482","text":"Usage data could be extracted from different sources such as publishers, aggregator services, digital libraries and academic social websites.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"sources of usage data","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"and usage data could be extracted from different sources such as publishers, aggregator services, digital\nlibraries and academic social websites.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c483","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/85bb4ec2045b4844","nativeRecordCid":"04a09f40-9163-4ca7-ae5c-a37c28f5de13","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c483","text":"Correlations exist between usage and bibliometric indicators for articles.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"usage and bibliometric indicators correlation","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Many studies have found that correlations between usage and bibliometric indicators for articles","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c484","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/9535f38835cd49db","nativeRecordCid":"766a5785-4e9d-429a-8941-a15f6b5e5517","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c484","text":"Usage statistics could be inflated or manipulated.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"usage statistics","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Nonetheless, the usage statistics could be inflated or manipulated","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c485","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/b52b69148bcb4ba0","nativeRecordCid":"815a8a87-c46f-4a28-9378-814ce0f0c78b","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c485","text":"Some articles may be downloaded or printed but not read, or may be read offline or via different websites.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"article usage behavior","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"some articles may be downloaded or printed but not read or may be read offline or\nvia different websites such as authors’ CVs and digital repositories.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c486","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/7beb50c9f6d94e33","nativeRecordCid":"74064938-d470-4449-a5ab-2c602bc3a956","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c486","text":"Integrated usage statistics from different sources would be optimal for global usage data if they are not manipulated in advance.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"integrated usage statistics","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Integrated usage statistics from\ndifferent sources such as publishers’ websites, repositories and academic social websites would be\noptimal for global usage data if they are not manipulated in advance.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c487","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/645ff357101f41a5","nativeRecordCid":"fd8a2409-5251-4924-a0c0-cb5bb5610f6d","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c487","text":"Integrating usage statistics from different sources does not seem to be practical at present because of differences in how they are collected and categorised.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"integrated usage statistics feasibility","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"However, this does not seem\nto be practical at present because of differences in how they are collected and categorised.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c488","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/47a3018042304b62","nativeRecordCid":"62b30fca-fed9-4035-aaeb-7abbc17dacc6","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c488","text":"It is possible to extract information from the web to identify citations to publications, making the web a huge and uncontrolled de-facto citation database.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"web-based citation extraction","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"It is possible to extract information from the web in order to identify citations to publications, hence\nusing the web as a huge and uncontrolled de-facto citation database.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c489","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/0d9d26cc90364174","nativeRecordCid":"91c50919-f3e1-4e70-b722-9f14066f642e","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c489","text":"Web citation data collection can be automated, making the web a practical source of citation data.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"automated web citation collection","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"This data collection can be automated, such as through the Bing API, making the web a practical source of this type of citation data.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c490","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/13c0f0ff123f4dc8","nativeRecordCid":"402983a3-59ee-4a01-b523-0b859ebdcd1d","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c490","text":"Web and URL citations to publications can be located by commercial search engines from almost any type of online document.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"web and URL citations","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Web and URL citations to publications can be located by commercial search engines (Google\nmanually and Bing automatically) from almost any type of online document, including blog posts,\npresentations, clinical guidelines, technical reports or document files (e.g. PDF files)","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c491","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/3bbf6d7e0cba4f21","nativeRecordCid":"cfc0e4db-c7f0-42ed-8af1-176060b6d32d","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c491","text":"Web and URL citations can be indicators of research impact.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"web and URL citations","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"there\nis evidence (although not recent) that they can be indicators of research impact.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c492","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/480ca055722c4d2a","nativeRecordCid":"e81c874e-2e85-470d-89f2-0504ea50178c","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c492","text":"Web and URL citations could be used to gather evidence about the scholarly impact of research if they were filtered to remove non-scholarly sources.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"filtered web/URL citations","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"In theory, then, web and\nURL citations could be used to gather evidence about the scholarly impact of research if they were\nfiltered to remove non-scholarly sources.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c493","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/a52d42be981045e7","nativeRecordCid":"49c5589d-9d40-42e0-8f88-0b3bf0ea79ad","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c493","text":"Unfiltered web or URL citation counts are easy to manipulate.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"unfiltered web/URL citation counts","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"unfiltered web or URL citation counts are easy\nto manipulate","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c494","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/ad5aeddc13a4441a","nativeRecordCid":"8617355f-dc7e-47c1-b7ee-a3a5f837fad9","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c494","text":"Many web or URL citations are created for navigation, self-publicity or current awareness.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"web/URL citations purpose","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"many citations are created for navigation, self-publicity or current awareness","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c495","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/992ca24a860c4cab","nativeRecordCid":"15ff57e9-9d4f-4d04-a46e-5f823221afbf","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c495","text":"It does not seem likely that unfiltered web or URL citation counts would genuinely reflect the wider impacts of research without time-consuming manual filtering out of irrelevant sources.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"unfiltered web/URL citation counts","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"it does not seem likely that they would genuinely reflect the wider impacts of research, without time-\nconsuming manual filtering out of irrelevant sources.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c496","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/fd023340ae77482a","nativeRecordCid":"dea93406-d1e0-413c-aafa-819df3f4bd10","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c496","text":"Citations can be counted from specific parts of the web, including types of website and types of document.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"web citation counting","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"citations can be counted from specific parts\nof the web, including types of website and types of document.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c497","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/a378b6fb16104926","nativeRecordCid":"22785d2b-83f4-4a2a-881e-e8eaab79218a","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c497","text":"Mentions in news websites and discussion forums may also be useful as evidence of research impact.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"news and forum mentions","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"there is also some evidence that mentions in news websites and discussion forums may also be useful.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c498","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/923a643e2a8b4b36","nativeRecordCid":"6f4bf544-29f3-42dc-b354-2c383841d8f1","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c498","text":"Citations from online grey literature seem to be an additional useful source of evidence of the wider impact of research.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"grey literature citations","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Citations from online ‘grey’ literature seem to be an additional useful source of evidence of the wider\nimpact of research","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c499","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/a4c4ffe707ed4091","nativeRecordCid":"ad96f1ad-f445-41d1-8688-7580763ab77d","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c499","text":"There do not seem to be any systematic studies of citations from online grey literature.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"grey literature citation studies","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"but there do not seem to be any systematic studies of these.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c500","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/25e4ef61d6aa49ed","nativeRecordCid":"cdc39311-c4ba-4770-a362-5e5e96e67da4","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c500","text":"Statistics about the uptake of academic publications in academic syllabi may be useful in teaching-oriented and book-based fields.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"syllabus uptake statistics","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Statistics about the uptake of academic publications in academic syllabi may be useful in teaching-\noriented and book-based fields","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c501","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/783421722f414ca7","nativeRecordCid":"a66d83d6-8d96-4e49-9500-cb3ca7395a9e","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c501","text":"It is practical to harvest syllabus uptake data from the minority of syllabi that have been published online in the open web and indexed by search engines.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"syllabus data harvesting","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"It is practical to harvest such data from the minority of syllabi that have been published online in the open web and\nindexed by search engines","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c502","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/62957e8e9ce246b0","nativeRecordCid":"38a9d409-77e4-4c0f-8c97-84c45b0d67e0","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c502","text":"Syllabus mentions may be useful primarily to identify publications with a particularly high educational impact rather than for the systematic assessment of the educational impact of research.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"syllabus mentions","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"it seems that such syllabus mentions may be useful primarily to identify publications with a particularly high educational impact rather than for the systematic assessment of the educational impact of research.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c503","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/707a96fcc9dc483b","nativeRecordCid":"8cc9de86-4bac-4447-8d18-52dcc110c3eb","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c503","text":"Syllabus mentions have the most potential for impact in the humanities and social sciences, where they are most common.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"syllabus mentions","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Syllabus mentions have most potential for the humanities and social sciences, where they are most\ncommon","representedInStars":false}
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{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c507","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/a61a1ba0db8c4ad6","nativeRecordCid":"f0c2732d-8687-479d-95ef-29fb4e48783c","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c507","text":"Blogged articles are likely to receive more formal citations.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"blogged articles","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"the evidence that more blogged articles are likely to\nreceive more formal citations","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c508","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/840184a33b81498c","nativeRecordCid":"1dad0476-22d5-40cc-bf95-229b85ccc921","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c508","text":"Blog citations could be used for early impact evidence.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"blog citations","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"shows that blog citations could be used for early impact evidence.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c509","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/5c811e84186d4f13","nativeRecordCid":"c6e988d7-93d3-4c40-a224-9cd16d340900","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c509","text":"Blog citations can be easy to manipulate.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"blog citations","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Nevertheless, blog citations can be easy to manipulate","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c510","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/4d1045a2bbba42b1","nativeRecordCid":"926e3339-08ab-4358-be55-d3489fcd1c48","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c510","text":"Blog citations are not straightforward to collect.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"blog citations","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"and are not straightforward to collect","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c511","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/b80d82cc2f2247c9","nativeRecordCid":"44ed6516-5e21-45db-b72f-c8861307cbff","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c511","text":"Online clinical guidelines could be useful for medical research funders to help them assess the societal impact of individual studies.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"online clinical guidelines","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Online clinical guidelines could be useful for medical research funders to help them to assess the societal impact of individual studies.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c512","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/167b2afcc2744b78","nativeRecordCid":"daf135ae-2eec-474b-af7e-3a9a1783b0e1","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c512","text":"Articles cited in clinical guidelines tend to be more highly cited than comparable articles.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"articles cited in clinical guidelines","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"finding articles cited in guidelines tend to be more highly cited than comparable articles.","representedInStars":false}
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{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c515","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/5e325a38f69b4700","nativeRecordCid":"a6244276-7176-4179-9f26-7929d7634a0d","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c515","text":"There have been many concerns about the validity and quality of altmetric indicators due to the ease with which they can be manipulated.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"altmetric indicators","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"although there have been many concerns about validity and the quality of altmetric indicators due to\nthe ease with which they can be manipulated.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c516","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/618fe12b156c473f","nativeRecordCid":"b3dd34c9-6609-458c-9b34-61d4ef7ca504","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c516","text":"The term altmetrics refers to indicators for research assessment derived from the social web.","kind":"definitional","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"altmetrics","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Although the term ‘altmetrics’ refers to indicators for research assessment derived from the social web","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c517","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/941305805c9e455f","nativeRecordCid":"56aa66d4-2d9e-46ba-afef-74890ba2192b","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c517","text":"Uptake of article-level altmetrics is rising among publishers.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"article-level altmetrics adoption","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"and uptake is rising among other publishers.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c518","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/44e16184404a49f6","nativeRecordCid":"bf52ae64-a295-4752-b19f-44794eeaadb6","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c518","text":"The term alternative metrics seems to be gaining currency as a catch-all for web-based metrics.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"alternative metrics terminology","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"the term alternative metrics seems to be gaining currency as a catch-all for web-based metrics.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c519","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/73351ad551964e41","nativeRecordCid":"6dfec51f-ae22-4c3e-971a-1b697f3957c6","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c519","text":"A range of altmetrics have been shown to correlate significantly and positively with bibliometric indicators for individual articles.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"altmetrics and bibliometric correlation","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"A range of altmetrics have been shown to correlate significantly and positively with bibliometric\nindicators for individual articles","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c520","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/46d1816a75864fd8","nativeRecordCid":"2074924a-0790-4b1f-bb1a-cca0a6505b5a","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c520","text":"Despite the uncontrolled nature of the social web, altmetrics may be related to scholarly activities in some way.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"altmetrics and scholarly activities","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"giving evidence that, despite the uncontrolled nature of the social web, altmetrics may be related to scholarly activities in some way.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c521","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/b370d93827f24793","nativeRecordCid":"a56761b2-89b0-4c02-a738-53e144be8203","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c521","text":"Editorials and news items are seldom cited but are the most popular type of document on Twitter.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"editorials/news items citation vs Twitter popularity","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"while\neditorials and news items are seldom cited, these types of document are most popular on Twitter;","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c522","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/597fba18cc114d8f","nativeRecordCid":"6bc28cef-041d-43e3-bdf9-e5a9851e6661","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c522","text":"Longer papers typically attract more citations, but shorter papers attract more attention on social media platforms.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"paper length and citations vs social media","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"longer papers typically\nattract more citations, but the converse is true of social media platforms;","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c523","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/bb0c08ea380c4d84","nativeRecordCid":"19238a43-ef61-403b-a683-32553e7ce9a9","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c523","text":"SSH papers are the most common paper type on social media platforms, the opposite of the pattern for citations.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"SSH papers on social media vs citations","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"SSH papers are most common on social media\nplatforms, the opposite to citations.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c524","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/e1449ffac6804d6d","nativeRecordCid":"f2051aed-5643-446e-b686-f63f19ee6f4d","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c524","text":"Research evaluation in book-oriented fields is more challenging than in article-based subject areas.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"research evaluation in book-oriented fields","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Research evaluation in book-oriented fields is more challenging than for article-based subject areas","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c525","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/25a3596263694667","nativeRecordCid":"86b232bc-1fec-4d82-8e4b-b91cbae3d9f3","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c525","text":"Citation counts from articles are insufficient to assess the impact of books.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"citation counts from articles and book impact","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"counts of citations from articles, which dominate traditional citation indexes, seem\ninsufficient to assess the impact of books.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c526","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/a503c36af40d4aa0","nativeRecordCid":"347464f6-0182-4216-b499-f3dbdb1c8e67","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c526","text":"The Book Citation Index within Web of Science is a recent response to the challenge of assessing book impact through citations.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"Book Citation Index within Web of Science","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The Book Citation Index within Web of Science is a recent response to this issue","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c527","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/f7a38fbbadb043d6","nativeRecordCid":"f3da558b-d381-4a5f-8fc2-1996198afc31","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c527","text":"Journal citations alone might miss about half of the citations to books.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"journal citations and coverage of book citations","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"journal citations on their own might miss about half of the citations to books.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c528","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/b7324584294748c4","nativeRecordCid":"e2b9b5d0-c6bd-40bd-9023-6ed4ef2b7a5b","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c528","text":"Some academic books are written primarily for teaching purposes or cultural purposes rather than as scholarship intended for citation.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"purpose of some academic books","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"some academic books are primarily written for teaching\n(e.g. textbooks) or cultural purposes (e.g. novels and poetry)","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c529","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/e7417869ec9f4e1a","nativeRecordCid":"2fd47172-b23a-467a-a97c-6196bf78de17","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c529","text":"Citation counts of any kind may be wholly inappropriate for assessing books written primarily for teaching or cultural purposes.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"citation counts for teaching/cultural books","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"citation counts of any kind may be wholly inappropriate\nfor these.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c530","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/113f6ba5b3644830","nativeRecordCid":"165c8984-b5f1-42f9-9a31-e4ffe46254f1","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c530","text":"Books in art, music and literary works may have merits that are not reflected by conventional bibliometric methods.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"merits of art/music/literary books","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"many of these books (art, music and literary works) may have merits that are not\nreflected by conventional bibliometric methods","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c531","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/9f7f74400b894056","nativeRecordCid":"bc754f44-d77e-4649-b1f5-cd04d525171e","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c531","text":"The main sources of citations to humanities books are other books.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"sources of citations to humanities books","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"the main sources of citations to humanities books are other books.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c532","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/e588ade77b6a486f","nativeRecordCid":"1baca539-2ecc-4320-816e-4c57b3d24e48","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c532","text":"The Thomson Reuters Book Citation Index and Scopus index a relatively small number of books.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"coverage of book citation indexes","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"the\nThomson Reuters Book Citation Index and Scopus index a relatively small number of books","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c533","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/a300c89c4f7e4636","nativeRecordCid":"0e5071a3-23f7-45e7-ac28-7255db979f9f","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c533","text":"The small number of books indexed in book citation indexes may cause problems for bibliometric analyses of books.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"small index coverage and bibliometric analysis of books","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"this may cause problems for","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c534","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/e9bb40d6e7dc4134","nativeRecordCid":"5bf705f2-0438-4e48-8bac-f945a8e3140d","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c534","text":"Expert peer judgment of books is by far the best method for assessing books.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"expert peer judgment of books","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Expert peer judgment of books seems to be by far the best method","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c535","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/5cf570d253d04407","nativeRecordCid":"0ebe4939-ee04-4840-8e79-d584ecf73128","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c535","text":"Expert peer judgment of books is more time-consuming and expensive than article peer assessment because books are generally much longer.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"cost of expert peer judgment of books","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"it is even more time-consuming and expensive than article peer assessment because books are\ngenerally much longer.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c536","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/b8e337b78b294004","nativeRecordCid":"40bee8c1-dd7e-4065-bfc8-dc4e69916226","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c536","text":"Alternative sources such as syllabus mentions, library holding counts, book reviews and publisher prestige have been investigated for assessing book impact.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"alternative sources for book impact assessment","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"alternative sources have been investigated for book impact assessment, including\nsyllabus mentions, library holding counts, book reviews and publisher prestige.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c537","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/a4bf20b97d6b495d","nativeRecordCid":"e10d1c07-3f47-4220-b6a2-ce5f0228dd3e","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c537","text":"Many of the indicators used for other research outputs can also be used for assessing books.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"applicability of other indicators to books","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Many of the indicators discussed elsewhere in the full literature review (Supplementary Report I) can\nalso be used for books","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c538","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/efe7fa817de44884","nativeRecordCid":"6680ba09-6682-4f67-b1fb-e6aab4fa524b","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c538","text":"Many of the indicators that could be used for books have not yet been evaluated for that purpose.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"evaluation status of indicators for books","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"but have not yet been evaluated for this purpose.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c539","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/c1fc27fbb44142c3","nativeRecordCid":"df538a79-22ea-4108-958a-f83e5df9889f","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c539","text":"Academic books are still mainly read in print form.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"reading format of academic books","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"since academic\nbooks are still mainly read in print form,","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c540","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/131140f58f0744c3","nativeRecordCid":"20872aa1-51a0-4a29-b100-49726ba5de9a","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c540","text":"Download indicators are not yet relevant for assessing academic books.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"download indicators for academic books","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"download indicators are not yet so relevant.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c541","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/7dfa1440a98e4d31","nativeRecordCid":"767df95d-ef1c-4e7c-9dd7-895deef0eef1","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c541","text":"Google Books contains a large number of academic and non-academic books, digitized from the collections of over 40 libraries worldwide and through partnerships with publishers.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"Google Books content and sourcing","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Google Books126 contains a large number of academic and non-academic books based upon digitising\nthe collections of over 40 libraries around the world as well as partnerships with publishers.127","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c542","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/8da20aab3e0e4881","nativeRecordCid":"fb9a383b-4909-4de8-8e1e-1485a78ec881","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c542","text":"The coverage of Google Books is quite comprehensive.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"Google Books coverage","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Several\nstudies have shown that the coverage of Google Books is quite comprehensive","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c543","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/aea703896caf4095","nativeRecordCid":"4002c10f-1dd1-4986-a73d-f07c406fec05","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c543","text":"Google Books does not always reveal the full text of the books it has indexed, due to copyright considerations.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"Google Books full-text access","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"due to copyright\nconsiderations, Google Books does not always reveal the full text of the books that it has indexed.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c544","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/4725c1ddf1eb4f91","nativeRecordCid":"c6caa62d-a5f7-4db2-8812-e656420d20d4","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c544","text":"Google Books is not a citation index and provides no citation statistics of any kind.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"nature of Google Books as an index","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Although Google Books is not a citation index and provides no citation statistics of any kind,","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c545","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/dec9df36b0a345f6","nativeRecordCid":"2ceddd58-03b3-40fc-b469-cab34ea5a89f","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c545","text":"It is possible to manually search Google Books to identify citations to academic publications from digitised books.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"manual searching of Google Books for citations","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"it is\npossible to manually search it for academic publications and hence identify citations to these\npublications from digitised books.129","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c546","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/b88fc53294be4803","nativeRecordCid":"f5f7eaa1-15fe-4b74-9d32-c9fc0ebd7a69","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c546","text":"Google Books could be useful for citation impact assessment in book-based disciplines.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"usefulness of Google Books for citation impact assessment","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Google Books could be useful because citations from books have","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c547","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/44ef9b848542452b","nativeRecordCid":"3d700606-e384-4f1d-9acd-f51b9560a5d5","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c547","text":"Citations from books have been largely invisible in traditional citation indexes.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"visibility of book citations in traditional indexes","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"citations from books have\nbeen largely invisible in traditional citation indexes","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c548","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/d25f7219834044ba","nativeRecordCid":"c7c8d457-271c-44e4-babf-4e8c9c30f62e","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c548","text":"The book citation search facilities in Scopus and Web of Science cover relatively few books, predominantly in English and from a small number of publishers.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"coverage of Scopus/Web of Science book citation search","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"the current book citation search facilities in\nScopus and Web of Science cover relatively few books that are predominantly in English and from a\nsmall number of publishers","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c549","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/9087fb30bf0e4ea6","nativeRecordCid":"4237edd5-c71a-4b5d-90f6-93d89e870f14","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c549","text":"The narrow coverage of book citation search facilities in Scopus and Web of Science is problematic for citation impact assessment in book-based disciplines.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"effect of narrow book citation coverage","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"which is problematic for citation impact assessment in book-based\ndisciplines.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c550","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/54c9f629683b43f9","nativeRecordCid":"a573ab7c-11e5-46fd-bbab-b2a7683db977","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c550","text":"Library holdings statistics can indicate library interest in books.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"library holdings statistics as interest indicator","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"National or international library holdings statistics can indicate library interest in books","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c551","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/c15d8667dd274659","nativeRecordCid":"0757c807-751b-4cdf-af7b-61909e3da0ba","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c551","text":"Library holdings statistics seem to reflect a different type of impact than citations, perhaps including educational and cultural impacts.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"type of impact reflected by library holdings statistics","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"seem to\nreflect a different type of impact to that of citations, perhaps including educational and cultural\nimpacts.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c552","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/c22902bbb4ca44a7","nativeRecordCid":"44a32547-1758-4664-8309-72b2b9020de1","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c552","text":"Library holdings statistics are relatively simple to collect automatically from the OCLC WorldCat library holding catalogue.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"collection of library holdings statistics","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"These statistics are relatively simple to collect automatically from the OCLC WorldCat\nlibrary holding catalogue,131","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c553","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/abc1065a13c84949","nativeRecordCid":"2dde4862-f46a-480e-9a00-c4c9d0b08bef","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c553","text":"Library holdings data would be costly to manipulate because they are based upon book holdings.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"manipulability of library holdings data","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"These data, which are based upon book holdings and hence would be costly to manipulate,","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c554","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/0d73168519d24f56","nativeRecordCid":"877606a7-3eb1-474e-9983-7fa5a1422ea2","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c554","text":"Library holdings data seem promising for assessing the wider influence of books in SSH based on the information needs of users, teaching staff and researchers.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"promise of library holdings data for SSH impact","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"seem promising for assessing the wider influence of books in SSH based on the information needs of\nusers, teaching staff and researchers.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c555","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/8d44d22311494adc","nativeRecordCid":"e16c4719-0516-4658-9682-1e95e6853b2c","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c555","text":"More detailed borrowing statistics might be even more useful for assessing book impact.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"usefulness of detailed borrowing statistics","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"While more detailed borrowing statistics might be even more useful,","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c556","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/4075ae7158fc4b59","nativeRecordCid":"8c51fc5a-8954-4f48-9dc4-3036cc33dba0","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c556","text":"Detailed borrowing statistics do not seem to be currently available.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"availability of detailed borrowing statistics","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"these data do not seem to be currently available.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c557","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/44e8ed3557564876","nativeRecordCid":"423801ea-e348-4aa2-a871-14ec6378da18","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c557","text":"Publisher prestige, reputational surveys, libcitation and citation indicators can help identify prestigious scholarly publishers.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"indicators of publisher prestige","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Publisher prestige, reputational surveys, libcitation and citation indicators can also help to identify\nprestigious scholarly publishers.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c558","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/58423ba709dc4f46","nativeRecordCid":"6a33c579-5329-4955-8729-d9ab5fce0a3e","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c558","text":"A combination of publisher prestige, reputational surveys, libcitation and citation indicators may be more useful for rating rather than ranking academic publishers of books, provided that geographical, language and disciplinary differences are taken into account.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"combined indicators for rating academic publishers","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"A combination of all of the above may be more useful for rating\n(rather than ranking) academic publishers of books or monographs as long as other factors, such as\ngeographical, language and disciplinary differences, are taken into consideration when they are used.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c559","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/da68dd73d903423f","nativeRecordCid":"7827c5a4-8a5d-4a15-88cd-32dbf3f3a72f","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c559","text":"It is common for scholars across all disciplines to produce a wider variety of outputs from their research processes beyond text-based publications.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"variety of scholarly research outputs","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"it is\ncommon for scholars across all disciplines to produce a wider variety of outputs from their research\nprocesses.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c560","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/20a3cb561d0646fd","nativeRecordCid":"1b55d421-ff20-404e-ba12-77e816a3ee1f","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c560","text":"For some non-text research outputs there may be plausible indicators of impact, such as audience size, art gallery prestige, composition commissioner prestige, art sales or sales prices.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"indicators of impact for non-text outputs","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"For some of these there may be plausible indicators of impact, such as\naudience size, art gallery prestige, composition commissioner prestige, art sales or sales prices.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c561","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/dcf2b48534b64d1f","nativeRecordCid":"7423ba35-c0e7-420b-9e7a-a6aace336bec","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c561","text":"The contributions of individual non-text research works are likely so varied that data presented to support an impact case would not be directly comparable with other available data.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"comparability of impact data for non-text works","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"it is likely that the contributions of individual works are so varied that any data\npresented to support an impact case would not be directly comparable with other available data,","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c562","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/983871e77ab64d14","nativeRecordCid":"36046894-6863-4d26-9a8f-024f9129c643","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c562","text":"Data on individual non-text research works could be presented as evidence to support a specific argument about the contribution of that work.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"use of impact data as supporting evidence","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"although they could be presented as evidence to support a specific argument about the contribution of\na work.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c563","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/641c507b85bc44ab","nativeRecordCid":"4d02c70e-9c25-4cd5-a18e-3caf06f3364a","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c563","text":"A wide range of indicators derived from the web for scholars or their outputs are related to scholarly activities because they correlate positively and significantly with citation counts.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"web-derived indicators and scholarly activity","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"There is empirical evidence that a wide range of indicators derived from the web for scholars or their\noutputs are related to scholarly activities in some way because they correlate positively and\nsignificantly with citation counts.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c564","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/96372da6834046f5","nativeRecordCid":"601663d4-9c34-4b51-a408-9d60da61f3db","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c564","text":"Many alternative metrics can be harvested on a large scale in an automated way with a high degree of accuracy.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"harvesting of alternative metrics","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"In many cases these metrics can also be harvested on a large scale\nin an automated way with a high degree of accuracy","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c565","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/a8c03a24125c4c06","nativeRecordCid":"f00aca0e-4f4d-4cbc-9997-1d01f0fe5464","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c565","text":"Most alternative metrics are easy to manipulate.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"manipulability of alternative metrics","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"most are easy to manipulate132","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c566","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/f8a64337b6804025","nativeRecordCid":"c227297f-7b42-4509-97df-45ca5983c401","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c566","text":"Nearly all alternative metrics are susceptible to spam to some extent.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"susceptibility of alternative metrics to spam","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"nearly all are susceptible to spam to some extent.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c567","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/30ea6fe060fc4f20","nativeRecordCid":"018012b6-2d9a-4df5-b518-4b1fa2f6e146","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c567","text":"Alternative metrics do not seem to be suitable as a management tool for measuring, evaluating or managing research.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"suitability of alternative metrics as management tool","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"seem to be suitable as a management tool with any kind of objective to measure, evaluate or manage\nresearch.133","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c568","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/4e34819423364095","nativeRecordCid":"b6c519b3-4c8c-4371-90e9-6e76099f2339","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c568","text":"Even absent actual manipulation, the results of alternative metrics would be suspected of being affected by manipulation.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"suspicion of manipulation of alternative metrics","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Even if no manipulation took place, which seems unlikely, the results would be suspected\nof being affected by manipulation","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c569","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/e3a029ae17e24846","nativeRecordCid":"41e8d5fb-6c79-439e-8563-288534b97fbd","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c569","text":"In the worst case, alternative metrics results would be extensively manipulated and researchers would waste their time and money on this manipulation.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"worst-case manipulation of alternative metrics","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"in the worst case scenario the results would be extensively\nmanipulated and researchers would waste their time and money on this manipulation.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c570","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/10dfc8b812b44d8e","nativeRecordCid":"1cca3c8c-25d1-4537-8696-ddeb17b8afa5","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c570","text":"Alternative metrics indicators are at an early stage of development with associated uncertainties.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"development stage of alternative metrics indicators","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"This reflects the\nuncertainties often associated with these indicators which are at an early stage of development.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c571","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/2736b02f7df444bd","nativeRecordCid":"eb43791f-39c7-497b-a05a-8be3de37f597","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c571","text":"For an altmetric to be taken seriously, empirical evidence of its value and evidence of a reasonable degree of robustness against accidental or malicious spam are needed.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"","subject":"requirements for a credible altmetric","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"For an\naltmetric to be taken seriously, empirical evidence of its value is needed in addition to evidence of a\nreasonable degree of robustness against accidental or malicious spam.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c572","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/c053629a491846e6","nativeRecordCid":"2af0089e-87b3-42c5-9544-1f5102917214","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c572","text":"The maturity of current research information systems (CRISs) varies markedly between UK higher education institutions.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"maturity of CRISs across UK HEIs","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"In UK HEIs, the maturity of current research information systems (CRISs) varies markedly between\ninstitutions.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c573","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/1628cd3c7a9e410b","nativeRecordCid":"5c5ffe2e-2d0a-47fb-9263-ecb74ae28019","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c573","text":"Publication information is most commonly collected in central systems at UK HEIs.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"collection of publication information at UK HEIs","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Publication information is most commonly\ncollected in central systems.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c574","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/ebf18f1010cf438a","nativeRecordCid":"1d9bba9e-7313-49cb-ad0e-243edb6acefa","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c574","text":"Grant information, commercialisation, and PhD numbers and completions tend to be collected centrally at UK HEIs.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"collection of grant/PhD data at UK HEIs","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Grant information, commercialisation, and PhD numbers and\ncompletions tend to be collected centrally","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c575","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/fa3b03ab54d94ea8","nativeRecordCid":"da75f666-01c4-4fe2-9b8c-8baf1b44f985","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c575","text":"Prizes, editorships, other esteem indicators and international visitors might more commonly only be collected locally within departments at UK HEIs.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"local collection of esteem indicators at UK HEIs","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"prizes, editorships, other esteem indicators and international\nvisitors might more commonly only be collected locally within departments.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c576","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/ee24a2126a7a4152","nativeRecordCid":"e6f317b8-6fa2-423a-a063-ad99a3fc9e8f","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c576","text":"Most central systems at UK HEIs can produce information by staff member or FTE.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"capability of central systems at UK HEIs","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"most can produce information by staff member/FTE.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c577","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/1a9ee5870f3b4df3","nativeRecordCid":"eb86d96c-6d17-4814-916a-0952ce0a018e","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c577","text":"Information on research infrastructure at UK HEIs is the most variable and least likely to be comprehensive.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"research infrastructure data at UK HEIs","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Information on research infrastructure is perhaps the most variable and, anecdotally at least, least\nlikely to be comprehensive","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c578","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/cef316a6de644f40","nativeRecordCid":"4e0ebce1-fc2b-474f-bd13-b4e2f7549d30","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c578","text":"Research infrastructure can be established and well-utilised.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"capability of research infrastructure initiatives","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"infrastructure can be established and well-utilised","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c579","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/63499225c88945b8","nativeRecordCid":"56b98343-6c7c-44ce-886e-bcfd1b087a61","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c579","text":"Attempting to measure and capture broader societal or external impacts of academic work is a relatively new concern in the UK system.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"newness of measuring impact in the UK","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Attempting to measure and capture broader societal or external impacts of academic work is a\nrelatively new concern in the UK system.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c580","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/17f98fda9ebe4102","nativeRecordCid":"e7c7a5c0-a01d-427c-8f0e-a8c121336b86","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c580","text":"Impact is an established part of the UK's research assessment culture.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"status of impact in UK research assessment","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"impact became an established part of the\nUK’s research assessment culture when it was introduced into the REF in 2011.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c581","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/74698348dbeb42ff","nativeRecordCid":"205b9070-d7bb-4dbf-a018-cc3b5d58ff54","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c581","text":"Impact is a contested term with a variety of definitions and understandings of its implications.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"contested nature of the term impact","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Impact is still a contested term, with a variety of definitions and understandings of its implications.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c582","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/c90f8c0c623442bb","nativeRecordCid":"e31fa404-b147-4aa8-abf6-2df52e9efedc","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c582","text":"The ways in which impact can be assessed and measured are equally varied.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"variety of impact assessment methods","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The ways in which\nit can be assessed and measured are equally varied.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c583","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/99fc491407f94258","nativeRecordCid":"88989c39-2373-4212-8042-a717d0bdc938","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c583","text":"The model of impact supported by some definitions can be rather linear.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"linearity of some impact models","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"the model of impact seemingly supported by some definitions can be rather\nlinear","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c584","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/b3b1ed1d4b65467d","nativeRecordCid":"414ead46-c6b2-46b8-9d01-845ff3a519b5","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c584","text":"Dissemination of research is in fact more broadly interspersed through the research cycle rather than following a linear model.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"dissemination throughout the research cycle","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"when dissemination is in fact more broadly interspersed through the research cycle.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c585","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/857864cabfe34479","nativeRecordCid":"eb53c6d9-c512-4138-bddf-e948e933c43a","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c585","text":"Developing metrics for the ways in which impact is created in arts and humanities disciplines is harder.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"difficulty of developing impact metrics in arts/humanities","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"developing metrics for the ways in which impact is created in these disciplines is harder","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c586","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/2fefb0ad6f194988","nativeRecordCid":"f7a326e4-a0ea-45f3-98dd-ccf0c8418cc9","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c586","text":"The use of ad-hoc data contextualised by interpretation of their meaning may be more suitable for assessing impact in arts and humanities disciplines.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"ad-hoc data for assessing impact in arts/humanities","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"the use of ad-hoc data that are contextualised by interpretation of their meaning may be more suitable.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c587","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/5a521cfeaa76482b","nativeRecordCid":"c2f2b2a9-0576-4bb3-a2b9-4db95caf88c2","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c587","text":"Evidence of external impacts can take a number of forms, including references to, citations of, or discussion of an academic or their work in a practitioner or commercial document, or in media or specialist media.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"forms of evidence of external impact","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Evidence of external impacts can take a number of forms – references to, citations of or discussion of\nan academic or their work; in a practitioner or commercial document; in media or specialist media","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c588","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/964333142aed4fa0","nativeRecordCid":"d62b5796-049e-48e6-b74d-a435150c51d1","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c588","text":"Journal articles and books are seen to be less impact relevant than other forms of publications such as research reports, briefing notes and conference papers.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"impact relevance of journal articles and books","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Journal articles and books are seen to be less impact relevant than other forms of\npublications such as research reports, briefing notes and conference papers.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c589","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/926c46dddc6f4f3e","nativeRecordCid":"9df92aca-d4bf-464a-bf05-dbf939ae9d0b","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c589","text":"References to academic work in government documents that quote academic work are not citations in the traditional sense and are therefore not picked up by bibliometric analysis.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"government citations of academic work","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"even where government documents, for example, quote academic work these\nreferences are not citations in the traditional sense and are therefore not picked up by\nbibliometric analysis.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c590","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/11d909febdf94ead","nativeRecordCid":"3f7afac9-ac6e-4929-9440-2d531139754a","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c590","text":"Grey literature produced by academics tends to be more used by policymakers.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"grey literature produced by academics","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Grey literature produced by academics tends to be more used by policymakers but its\nimpact is difficult to capture.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c591","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/b57b200b226e45de","nativeRecordCid":"01941f2f-b80b-47ef-b257-fad7ccc14c60","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c591","text":"The impact of grey literature produced by academics is difficult to capture.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"impact of grey literature","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Grey literature produced by academics tends to be more used by policymakers but its\nimpact is difficult to capture.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c592","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/5f30d900d2ff4105","nativeRecordCid":"5e3e6ff5-b859-4994-be2a-c2d38f45c9f9","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c592","text":"Citations to grey literature are not made in the usual way.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"citations to grey literature","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Firstly citations are not made in the usual way and secondly\nacademics have been slow to realise the importance of using tagging information such\nas DOIs in order to allow these references to be tracked.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c593","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/9b35a8a6183c4228","nativeRecordCid":"d41f0d1b-e418-4c5d-b706-5c3ae0320698","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c593","text":"Academics have been slow to realise the importance of using tagging information such as DOIs to allow references to grey literature to be tracked.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"academics' use of tagging information for grey literature","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Firstly citations are not made in the usual way and secondly\nacademics have been slow to realise the importance of using tagging information such\nas DOIs in order to allow these references to be tracked.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c594","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/b1f35eaeb9cc4ac2","nativeRecordCid":"e21dd438-70f3-4588-a81e-325a0ecd6f7a","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c594","text":"The development of a range of alternative indicators has created the potential to diversify away from a reliance upon counting citations to journal articles.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"alternative indicators","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The development of a range of alternative indicators has created the potential to\ndiversify away from a reliance upon counting citations to journal articles.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c595","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/a20ba7d410444ea8","nativeRecordCid":"cf58ab7b-f849-4865-a725-aeca5907e420","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c595","text":"A few alternative indicators are promising.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"alternative indicators","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"although a few alternative indicators\nare promising and do have the potential to enable a new view of the impact and reach of research, the\n‘science’ is in its infancy and most of the alternative metrics can be easily gamed.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c596","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/edc8e861cc794c39","nativeRecordCid":"2e526032-f88b-4f9c-aba7-0fa4f8542076","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c596","text":"Alternative indicators have the potential to enable a new view of the impact and reach of research.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"alternative indicators","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"although a few alternative indicators\nare promising and do have the potential to enable a new view of the impact and reach of research, the\n‘science’ is in its infancy and most of the alternative metrics can be easily gamed.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c597","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/51d2bb65e2aa49bf","nativeRecordCid":"7b27c193-3822-42bc-bd69-3ea084ebf3ee","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c597","text":"The science of alternative metrics is in its infancy.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"alternative metrics","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"although a few alternative indicators\nare promising and do have the potential to enable a new view of the impact and reach of research, the\n‘science’ is in its infancy and most of the alternative metrics can be easily gamed.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c598","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/8bf8f12b328745d7","nativeRecordCid":"f1e77046-ee99-4fc1-90e3-312989453af2","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c598","text":"Most alternative metrics can be easily gamed.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"alternative metrics","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"although a few alternative indicators\nare promising and do have the potential to enable a new view of the impact and reach of research, the\n‘science’ is in its infancy and most of the alternative metrics can be easily gamed.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c599","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/de32247f4d654152","nativeRecordCid":"668f879f-e92f-490b-a9d8-7d74b9e05838","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c599","text":"Some of the most promising alternative indicators are relevant to a much narrower range of research than are citations to journal articles.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"promising alternative indicators","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Some of the most promising indicators are relevant to a much narrower range of\nresearch than are citations to journal articles (F1000 ratings, patent citations, syllabus\nmentions, citations from Google Books).","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c600","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/ec861c775a4a408e","nativeRecordCid":"4178633b-1f58-4d4c-b27a-0b92843cce10","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c600","text":"The systematic use of alternative indicators as pure indicators of academic quality seems unlikely at the current time.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"alternative indicators as measures of academic quality","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Hence, the\nsystematic use of alternative indicators as pure indicators of academic quality seems unlikely at the\ncurrent time, though they have the potential to provide an alternative perspective on research\ndissemination, reach and ‘impact’ in its broadest sense.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c601","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/245ddca840e04227","nativeRecordCid":"93831273-8371-423f-a3fb-08b155484a67","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c601","text":"Alternative indicators have the potential to provide an alternative perspective on research dissemination, reach and impact in its broadest sense.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"alternative indicators","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Hence, the\nsystematic use of alternative indicators as pure indicators of academic quality seems unlikely at the\ncurrent time, though they have the potential to provide an alternative perspective on research\ndissemination, reach and ‘impact’ in its broadest sense.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c602","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/1e2e9a93bc3143bc","nativeRecordCid":"f4ab2074-40b1-4b09-a04b-26ce0dd27e8b","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c602","text":"Unlike scholarly impact, it is difficult to reach a consensus about which indicators to use to highlight particular kinds of impact.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"indicators for kinds of impact","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The variety of evidence needed to build case studies of impact is such that, unlike scholarly impact, it\nis difficult to reach a consensus about which indicators to use to highlight particular kinds of impact.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c603","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/6348da3a31e4448d","nativeRecordCid":"18f3e5fe-b673-42ec-b88a-52504193c074","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c603","text":"The potential for a small subset of quantitative data to represent a diverse array of impacts is limited.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"quantitative data representing diverse impacts","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Although the potential for a small subset of quantitative data to represent a diverse array of impacts is\nlimited, we did receive a wealth of views on how the narrative elements of impact case studies could\nbe enhanced.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c604","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/12857f413fa145c1","nativeRecordCid":"027f9814-fcde-4dd2-81e1-c6e84b0c84fa","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c604","text":"Use of Quality Adjusted Life Years (QALYs) data, where available, could allow better comparability between impact cases in the future.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"QALY data in impact case studies","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"the work carried out by King’s College London examined the use of\nQuality Adjusted Life Years (QALYs) as a measure of health impact in the case studies, and\nconcluded that in the future where this data was available it could allow better comparability between\nimpact cases.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c605","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/7a60280e8a7f4e66","nativeRecordCid":"8fd8bf87-9032-453d-8ae1-0f1a2a28b7bf","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c605","text":"There are likely to be numerous additional examples of indicators that could be used to represent impact.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"additional impact indicators","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"There are likely to be\nnumerous additional examples of indicators that could be used in this way, but they are usually specific\nto certain types of impact and need to be interpreted in context.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c606","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/70ceeaeb1f114d13","nativeRecordCid":"69298a4d-656f-4f1b-a1bd-384c7da303be","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c606","text":"Additional impact indicators are usually specific to certain types of impact.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"additional impact indicators","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"There are likely to be\nnumerous additional examples of indicators that could be used in this way, but they are usually specific\nto certain types of impact and need to be interpreted in context.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c607","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/44c8f919db914035","nativeRecordCid":"1c333b31-fb13-4f16-adb2-3e02eb909f58","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c607","text":"Additional impact indicators must be interpreted in context.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"","subject":"additional impact indicators","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"There are likely to be\nnumerous additional examples of indicators that could be used in this way, but they are usually specific\nto certain types of impact and need to be interpreted in context.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c608","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/2f58fa8383ba4939","nativeRecordCid":"5fade894-437c-40fc-90bd-1c5cdb48c8aa","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c608","text":"Indicators of dissemination, such as webpage visits or YouTube views, must be considered alongside other evidence of impact.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"","subject":"dissemination indicators","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Sometimes these indicators may be measures of dissemination (e.g. webpage visits or YouTube views) that need to be considered alongside other evidence of impact.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c609","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/96487fcd9fe84d1e","nativeRecordCid":"b1df1441-717b-4ec0-8c75-22e608ade18e","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c609","text":"HEIs could develop their own impact metrics.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"HEIs' own impact metrics","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The reports from RAND Europe which analysed\nimpact in the REF, also provide useful evidence, noting that HEIs could develop their own impact\nmetrics and should be encouraged to do so in future, but any effort to define impact indicators up front\nrisks unnecessary limitations on the exercise, as has been found to be the case in other pilot impact\nexercises.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c610","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/0b5797a9a2a84bfd","nativeRecordCid":"a2da10ae-dba5-40a7-92ef-2b1b76236add","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c610","text":"HEIs should be encouraged to develop their own impact metrics in future.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"","subject":"HEIs' own impact metrics","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The reports from RAND Europe which analysed\nimpact in the REF, also provide useful evidence, noting that HEIs could develop their own impact\nmetrics and should be encouraged to do so in future, but any effort to define impact indicators up front\nrisks unnecessary limitations on the exercise, as has been found to be the case in other pilot impact\nexercises.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c611","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/611489394dd74395","nativeRecordCid":"40be6a37-8840-4544-a63e-3171d42355a2","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c611","text":"Any effort to define impact indicators up front risks unnecessary limitations on the exercise.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"defining impact indicators up front","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The reports from RAND Europe which analysed\nimpact in the REF, also provide useful evidence, noting that HEIs could develop their own impact\nmetrics and should be encouraged to do so in future, but any effort to define impact indicators up front\nrisks unnecessary limitations on the exercise, as has been found to be the case in other pilot impact\nexercises.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c612","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/30785b5dd68c4f15","nativeRecordCid":"e2daf9e0-ce79-4a6a-a4cf-fe557f154076","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c612","text":"The same impact metrics may not be applicable across main panels.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"impact metrics across main panels","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Furthermore, the same metrics may not be applicable across main panels and might not\nwork for all disciplines.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c613","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/e722cef039d649b3","nativeRecordCid":"2bbd145c-3da0-414c-9b93-e85c79f0ab45","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c613","text":"The same impact metrics might not work for all disciplines.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"impact metrics across disciplines","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Furthermore, the same metrics may not be applicable across main panels and might not\nwork for all disciplines.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c614","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/76fea3cd4d5f442a","nativeRecordCid":"99a7c015-9173-4429-98f2-926421c91a9f","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c614","text":"There are widespread concerns that quantitative indicators, such as citation-based data, cannot provide sufficiently nuanced or robust measures of quality when used in isolation.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"quantitative indicators used in isolation","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"There are widespread concerns that quantitative indicators, such as citation-based data, cannot provide\nsufficiently nuanced or robust measures of quality when used in isolation.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c615","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/3a8999168b7a40db","nativeRecordCid":"388c80b6-fa88-4e0a-9718-b6a2c59c458b","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c615","text":"Bibliometricians generally see citation rates as a proxy measure of academic impact or of impact on the relevant academic communities.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"citation rates","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Bibliometricians generally\nsee citation rates as a proxy measure of academic impact or of impact on the relevant academic\ncommunities.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c616","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/d84aa392351d464a","nativeRecordCid":"01d54893-2912-4ba3-beca-db6d05a7e9a5","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c616","text":"Quality must be seen as a multidimensional concept that cannot be captured by any one indicator.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"","subject":"academic quality","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Quality needs to be seen as a multidimensional concept that cannot be captured by any one indicator,\nand which dimension of quality should be prioritised may vary by field and mission.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c617","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/059d3307c4e84fbc","nativeRecordCid":"0523037d-db64-4c84-94df-37becda41607","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c617","text":"Which dimension of quality should be prioritised may vary by field and mission.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"prioritisation of quality dimensions","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Quality needs to be seen as a multidimensional concept that cannot be captured by any one indicator,\nand which dimension of quality should be prioritised may vary by field and mission.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c618","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/0b9a31922aea4cb2","nativeRecordCid":"5e157587-58be-4d1b-be0e-02bfa2788d02","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c618","text":"Citation rates represent only one of the dimensions of academic quality.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"citation rates as a dimension of quality","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"But this is only one of the dimensions of academic quality.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c619","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/9f64f848a6194051","nativeRecordCid":"2e181815-6740-4eb2-9272-2b9908cc2213","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c619","text":"What is best suited to the scale and focus of assessment must be considered.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"","subject":"scale and focus of assessment","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"It is crucial to consider what is best suited to the scale and focus of assessment.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c620","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/9c57bd0e69f04d5f","nativeRecordCid":"38c348bd-671d-4d7d-8ba2-886463cb94db","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c620","text":"Concern over the application of indicators at inappropriate scales features prominently in recent statements, such as DORA and the Leiden Manifesto.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"application of indicators at inappropriate scales","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Concern over the\napplication of indicators at inappropriate scales features prominently in recent statements, such as\nDORA and the Leiden Manifesto.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c621","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/cb043a2f4223469c","nativeRecordCid":"f020fb24-cc3e-49e4-9693-2287cb6d2ab0","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c621","text":"Managers and evaluators too often continue to rely on metrics that are recognised as unsuitable as measures of individual performance, such as journal-level indicators.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"managers and evaluators' use of unsuitable metrics","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Too often, managers and evaluators continue to rely on metrics that are recognised as unsuitable as\nmeasures of individual performance, such as journal-level indicators.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c622","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/d057bbc40b7f4209","nativeRecordCid":"638814b7-78cf-4f85-b515-3c1a738272c8","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c622","text":"Using carefully chosen 'baskets' of qualitative and quantitative indicators is often deemed to provide the best way forward.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"baskets of indicators","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Using carefully chosen ‘baskets’ of (qualitative and quantitative) indicators is often deemed to\nprovide the best way forward.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c623","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/1cf03e3cc1ae4cd3","nativeRecordCid":"8a1641b4-90bc-403a-889a-6b278e81e745","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c623","text":"High quality bibliometric data are expensive.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"high quality bibliometric data","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"It is also\nimportant to emphasise that high quality bibliometric data are expensive.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c624","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/117069daa5b64dcd","nativeRecordCid":"b85bee54-4e1f-4e7e-ab7f-1ff104792c65","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c624","text":"There is an increasing body of literature on how scholarly impact relates to broader external impact.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"literature on scholarly and external impact","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Turning to indicators for impact, there is an increasing body of literature on how scholarly impact\nrelates to broader external impact.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c625","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/c6745a87b79d4d48","nativeRecordCid":"a4c89391-2f3b-4af7-a192-fe4c1dcde86d","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c625","text":"Citations and altmetric indicators seem to be measuring different but possibly related aspects.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"citations and altmetric indicators","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Work by Altmetrics for example has shown that citations and\naltmetric indicators seem to be measuring different but possibly related aspects.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c626","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/7794b246d5b44e58","nativeRecordCid":"343f2647-b9dd-435d-a75f-050427215ef7","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c626","text":"Scholarly units' performance on outputs and on impact may be constituent of each other.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"outputs and impact scores","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"And early analysis\nfrom REF2014 highlights that the same units score well on outputs and impact, showing that these\naspects may be constituent of each other.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c627","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/fbffa71ec17644f6","nativeRecordCid":"fb2fb82d-e1b6-4acd-a222-c59077466044","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c627","text":"Views that the impact agenda is problematic are found across all disciplines.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"views on the impact agenda","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Views that the impact agenda is problematic are found across all disciplines but are perhaps strongest\nin the arts and humanities where it is felt that it is impossible to be able to show the variety and depth\nof impact of the work in those fields.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c628","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/6638b416d8b24738","nativeRecordCid":"adb79f74-ddbb-45de-bb88-439b388cb3b2","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c628","text":"Views that the impact agenda is problematic are perhaps strongest in the arts and humanities.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"views on the impact agenda in arts and humanities","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Views that the impact agenda is problematic are found across all disciplines but are perhaps strongest\nin the arts and humanities where it is felt that it is impossible to be able to show the variety and depth\nof impact of the work in those fields.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c629","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/9adf2cdd5cff4126","nativeRecordCid":"5b95e850-3202-4bbe-8e06-07f57bf0dfa2","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c629","text":"Arts and humanities disciplines have experience in developing possible indicators for, or data about, the impacts of arts and humanities research, particularly in REF impact terms.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"arts and humanities impact indicators","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"However these disciplines have experience in developing\npossible indicators for, or data about, the impacts of arts and humanities research, particularly in REF\nimpact terms.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c630","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/b7a7042fde3d4ce8","nativeRecordCid":"93782f8e-7fea-4902-b543-dce4e9f9abec","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c630","text":"Experience from cultural organisations could be used to further develop impact metrics relevant for the outputs produced by arts and humanities researchers.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"impact metrics for arts and humanities","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"It could be that experience from cultural organisations could be used in order to\nfurther develop impact metrics that are relevant for the outputs produced by arts and humanities\nresearchers.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c631","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/932633d842a8483e","nativeRecordCid":"bc3a3f49-8f3a-430a-87b5-8f62028a0954","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c631","text":"As with peer review, case studies allow expert judgement to be used in determining successful research impact.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"impact case studies","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"As with peer review, case studies allow expert judgement to be used in determining\nsuccessful research impact.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c632","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/590f5bcc689f434f","nativeRecordCid":"022f43c6-bed3-4c7b-bdca-238b2c385079","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c632","text":"The REF makes use of external research users as part of assessing impact, who are actively involved in providing context to impact claims made by academics.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"REF's use of external research users","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The REF made use of external research users as part of assessing impact;\nthey were actively involved in providing context to impact claims made by academics.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c633","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/53d12ca720694737","nativeRecordCid":"6062ee05-f13b-4289-9f99-e5abe003fec8","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c633","text":"Some alternative metrics seem to reflect types of impact that are different from that of traditional citations.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"alternative metrics vs traditional citations","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"In sum, while some alternative metrics seem to reflect types of impact that are different from that of\ntraditional citations, only Google patent citations and clinical guideline citations can yet be shown to\nreflect wider societal impact.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c634","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/5f9cf89909f24c97","nativeRecordCid":"ffcb9a05-4285-4a22-839f-218bee38c5d8","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c634","text":"Only Google patent citations and clinical guideline citations can yet be shown to reflect wider societal impact.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"Google patent citations and clinical guideline citations","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"In sum, while some alternative metrics seem to reflect types of impact that are different from that of\ntraditional citations, only Google patent citations and clinical guideline citations can yet be shown to\nreflect wider societal impact.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c635","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/fff78899b00b4674","nativeRecordCid":"d048bd1d-1593-4905-bb17-a40b2493511a","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c635","text":"Many impact metrics would be too rare to help distinguish between the impacts of typical publications.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"rare impact metrics","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"In addition, as the range of impact metrics is so wide – rightly so to be able to show the range of\nimpacts taking place – many of them would be too rare to help distinguish between the impacts of\ntypical publications.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c636","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/67824756a8164327","nativeRecordCid":"f96a97e9-bdbb-4e28-9285-d92b530eb1c4","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c636","text":"Alternative metrics seem to give indications of where research is having wider social impact.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"alternative metrics and wider social impact","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Overall, then, despite the considerable body of mostly positive empirical\nevidence reviewed above, although alternative metrics do seem to give indications of where research is\nhaving wider social impact they do not yet seem to be robust enough to be routinely used for evaluations\nin which it is in the interest of stakeholders to manipulate the results.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c637","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/98f51f8fb0594052","nativeRecordCid":"e205e272-3d6e-4d3d-8b9e-740c9436c7f8","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c637","text":"Alternative metrics do not yet seem to be robust enough to be routinely used for evaluations in which it is in the interest of stakeholders to manipulate the results.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"robustness of alternative metrics for evaluation","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Overall, then, despite the considerable body of mostly positive empirical\nevidence reviewed above, although alternative metrics do seem to give indications of where research is\nhaving wider social impact they do not yet seem to be robust enough to be routinely used for evaluations\nin which it is in the interest of stakeholders to manipulate the results.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c638","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/bddb85ab079945e2","nativeRecordCid":"0a3cefb0-91a4-4b05-a04b-e905c67e3c5a","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c638","text":"Impact metrics could be useful to give evidence of the impact of the small minority of high impact articles.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"impact metrics for high impact articles","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"But they could be useful to give evidence of the impact\nof the small minority of high impact articles.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c639","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/eed5e4aface044bb","nativeRecordCid":"dccb5430-0d6c-48d5-93e5-40e7f4a16fb5","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c639","text":"Interdisciplinary research is more likely to achieve greater impact.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"interdisciplinary research impact","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Recent work on the REF impact case studies indicates that interdisciplinary research is more likely to\nachieve greater impact, and it is to (inter)disciplinary differences and dilemmas that we now turn.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c640","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/e0461edb9e6d4e99","nativeRecordCid":"41cc8786-bece-48d0-9b04-94124d7f4896","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c640","text":"Practices of output production and research outlet selection vary significantly across disciplinary and subdisciplinary fields.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"output production and outlet selection practices","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"It is well known that\npractices of output production and research outlet selection vary significantly across disciplinary and\nsubdisciplinary fields.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c641","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/2827244011394f74","nativeRecordCid":"a586fa76-ce46-4370-b6c3-994dd451a20a","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c641","text":"Diverse practices of output production and outlet selection are bound up with specific philosophical and methodological histories and practices.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"output and outlet selection practices","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"These diverse practices are bound up with specific philosophical and methodological histories and\npractices, though the propensity to choose a particular type of output or outlet over others may also be\ninfluenced by other factors, such as a specific university or other policy environments.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c642","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/fd42c0dc39114a7d","nativeRecordCid":"4a93d576-d600-4a0f-935d-360d09d2ba43","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c642","text":"The choice of a particular type of output or outlet may also be influenced by other factors, such as a specific university or other policy environments.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"choice of output or outlet type","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"These diverse practices are bound up with specific philosophical and methodological histories and\npractices, though the propensity to choose a particular type of output or outlet over others may also be\ninfluenced by other factors, such as a specific university or other policy environments.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c643","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/83756413d9dd4957","nativeRecordCid":"04dae415-7212-4ec2-8c15-b5da5d4bf58d","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c643","text":"Differences in research practices across disciplines have implications for how universally useful particular metrics are for some disciplines.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"disciplinary differences and metric usefulness","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"This diversity has implications for how universally useful particular metrics are for some disciplines,\nnot least because of their limited coverage, as already discussed, but also because differences in\nresearch practices across disciplines have deeper implications for the applicability of metrics.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c644","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/37aae75aadf64a2b","nativeRecordCid":"e1764942-731f-4354-b48c-d8e82e70e2ee","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c644","text":"Existing bibliometric measures have emphasized counting and analysing research outputs published predominately in journals.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"emphasis of bibliometric measures","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The various emphases of existing metrics (at least as far as bibliometrics are concerned) has been on\ncounting and analysing research outputs published predominately in journals, and for that reason the\ndebate around metrics is often characterised by its identification of an ‘arts and humanities problem’,\nwhere practices differ considerably from this pattern.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c645","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/3e3a5306be434e4a","nativeRecordCid":"9c0b422b-b08e-4216-8ef5-5bf499f6c2e9","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c645","text":"The debate around metrics is often characterised by identification of an 'arts and humanities problem', where practices differ considerably from the journal-focused pattern of bibliometric measures.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"debate around metrics and the arts and humanities problem","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The various emphases of existing metrics (at least as far as bibliometrics are concerned) has been on\ncounting and analysing research outputs published predominately in journals, and for that reason the\ndebate around metrics is often characterised by its identification of an ‘arts and humanities problem’,\nwhere practices differ considerably from this pattern.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c646","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/b62ee9394f0d4976","nativeRecordCid":"12e6aa48-d847-4841-b412-3366ea7def6a","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c646","text":"Research is diverse right across the academy.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"diversity of research","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Research is diverse,\nright across the academy.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c647","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/0e90a2d486714bdf","nativeRecordCid":"401f7056-766e-430b-99e4-68507deaae18","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c647","text":"Disciplinary differences are often broadly and unhelpfully characterised, but can in reality be quite subtle and entirely valid where they occur.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"disciplinary differences","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Disciplinary differences are often broadly\nand unhelpfully characterised, but can in reality be quite subtle and entirely valid where they occur.","representedInStars":true}
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{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c654","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/22f69adc13de4974","nativeRecordCid":"f5aa9391-adad-43ec-a621-072e675d03f3","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c654","text":"Certain outputs are not exclusive to particular disciplines.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"research outputs and disciplines","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"outputs are not exclusive to particular disciplines.152 For instance, although rare, it is not unheard of\nfor life science researchers to write a play or devise a work inspired by their research, and\ninterdisciplinary research often results in unusual or multimodal outputs.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c655","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/dc4c99989cc44d62","nativeRecordCid":"e9adf93d-c883-4ff1-96c3-132aa6f357c2","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c655","text":"It is not unheard of, although rare, for life science researchers to write a play or devise a work inspired by their research.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"life science researchers' non-traditional outputs","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"outputs are not exclusive to particular disciplines.152 For instance, although rare, it is not unheard of\nfor life science researchers to write a play or devise a work inspired by their research, and\ninterdisciplinary research often results in unusual or multimodal outputs.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c656","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/c55d36e12cd54732","nativeRecordCid":"462cb1ba-a649-4f4b-a295-2cc235b78131","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c656","text":"Interdisciplinary research often results in unusual or multimodal outputs.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"interdisciplinary research outputs","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"outputs are not exclusive to particular disciplines.152 For instance, although rare, it is not unheard of\nfor life science researchers to write a play or devise a work inspired by their research, and\ninterdisciplinary research often results in unusual or multimodal outputs.","representedInStars":false}
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{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c658","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/56ec0836306f436b","nativeRecordCid":"7c235fa0-6ade-42d6-a2ae-2a758a10b8f3","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c658","text":"Journal articles are the primary output for many disciplines, on average half of all output reports captured in Researchfish.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"journal articles as primary output","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":" Journal articles are the primary output for many disciplines (on average half of all\noutput reports captured in Researchfish154) but their importance varies, tending to\nplay a less predominant role in the arts and humanities, and some areas of the social\nsciences;","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c659","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/63ba48c736b7499f","nativeRecordCid":"9a4184d0-6f7c-4efa-bbc9-f31b563cbf3e","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c659","text":"The importance of journal articles as an output varies, tending to play a less predominant role in the arts and humanities and some areas of the social sciences.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"importance of journal articles by discipline","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":" Journal articles are the primary output for many disciplines (on average half of all\noutput reports captured in Researchfish154) but their importance varies, tending to\nplay a less predominant role in the arts and humanities, and some areas of the social\nsciences;","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c660","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/61f8b2f236ce43e2","nativeRecordCid":"4ee41c34-1b53-4569-a48a-4224cf9a8c1d","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c660","text":"Monographs and book chapters are particularly important for many disciplines within the humanities, and for some within the social sciences.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"monographs and book chapters","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":" Monographs and book chapters are particularly important for many disciplines\nwithin the humanities, and for some within the social sciences;155","representedInStars":false}
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{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c662","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/40790f885b904834","nativeRecordCid":"ed1674b5-d86e-4f71-87d5-c1020d36e21a","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c662","text":"Products and prototypes are important outputs for some academics, particularly in the engineering sciences.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"products and prototypes as outputs","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":" Products and prototypes are important outputs for some academics, particularly in\nthe engineering sciences;","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c663","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/6cb5b37bdbf246bd","nativeRecordCid":"f7cb7f62-17bf-46ec-b192-bd6e5f420b48","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c663","text":"Art works, artefacts and practice-based outputs are more likely to play an important role for arts-based disciplines.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"art works, artefacts and practice-based outputs","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":" Art works, artefacts and practice-based outputs are more likely to play an important\nrole for arts-based disciplines.","representedInStars":false}
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{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c665","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/5d71424532b844c2","nativeRecordCid":"306f5c78-693e-4be1-8683-03d4fb01808c","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c665","text":"Bibliographic databases are central to the formulation of many bibliometric indicators and analyses.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"bibliographic databases","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"As noted in Section 3.1 of the previous chapter, such trends are noteworthy as some outputs are less\nlikely to be included within bibliographic databases, which are central to the formulation of many\nbibliometric indicators and analyses (see Section 3.1).","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c666","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/520f3e5db2a24869","nativeRecordCid":"94333aa6-65ee-469b-9960-639662b35ef3","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c666","text":"Book publications and publications in 'niche' or locally important journals play an important role in SSH.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"book and niche journal publications in SSH","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"publications in “niche”157 or locally important journals play an important role in SSH\nbut these publications are often not indexed in bibliographic databases.","representedInStars":false}
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{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c668","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/d4123f5a4bf64085","nativeRecordCid":"0faac549-15a0-47ba-964e-f5abf3b5d188","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c668","text":"Many computer science and engineering publications appear in conference proceedings.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"computer science and engineering publications","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Bibliometric analyses in computer\nscience and engineering involve similar difficulties, as many computer science and\nengineering publications appear in conference proceedings, but such literature is often\nless well covered by bibliographic databases, especially by Web of Science and\nScopus, in comparison to journal articles, perhaps because of the costs and complexity\nof monitoring conference proceedings.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c669","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/da8732406fac4095","nativeRecordCid":"5671d248-1d35-4b50-92ce-0fade671dfd5","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c669","text":"Conference proceedings literature in computer science and engineering is often less well covered by bibliographic databases, especially Web of Science and Scopus, compared to journal articles.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"coverage of conference proceedings by bibliographic databases","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Bibliometric analyses in computer\nscience and engineering involve similar difficulties, as many computer science and\nengineering publications appear in conference proceedings, but such literature is often\nless well covered by bibliographic databases, especially by Web of Science and\nScopus, in comparison to journal articles, perhaps because of the costs and complexity\nof monitoring conference proceedings.","representedInStars":false}
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{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c671","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/f3eaca71c43f4f64","nativeRecordCid":"2ae7e794-54a6-4ebb-b28e-482ea3dbfff4","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c671","text":"The language in which outputs are likely to be produced can vary across disciplines.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"language of research outputs","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The language in which outputs are likely to be produced can also vary; for some\nareas of SSH outputs are more likely to be produced in the relevant national language, which may not\nbe English.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c672","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/6e5de63eb3ad4711","nativeRecordCid":"cc164f06-9ab6-401c-9ef4-ab10c7ad78e0","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c672","text":"For some areas of SSH, outputs are more likely to be produced in the relevant national language, which may not be English.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"language of SSH outputs","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The language in which outputs are likely to be produced can also vary; for some\nareas of SSH outputs are more likely to be produced in the relevant national language, which may not\nbe English.","representedInStars":false}
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{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c675","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/34b5d2002bf74c73","nativeRecordCid":"0212e8bd-86fa-492e-a7d2-569c192e293a","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c675","text":"Outputs produced in the humanities are more likely to be single-authored, whereas publications in some areas of science, such as medicine and biology, often have several authors.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"authorship patterns by discipline","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"For instance,\noutputs produced in the humanities are more likely to be single-authored, whereas\npublications in some areas of science, such as medicine and biology, often have\nseveral.","representedInStars":false}
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{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c677","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/d923a4a1e5974db6","nativeRecordCid":"90e56b34-d4e4-4738-be5f-b8611fda11e0","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c677","text":"Variation in the number of authors per publication affects requirements for allocation of credit, which can be relevant to bibliometric and citation indicators.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"allocation of credit and authorship","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"This will affect\nrequirements for allocation of credit, which can be relevant to bibliometric and citation\nindicators.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c678","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/c1d35ab8221b4c9b","nativeRecordCid":"813313cf-7ad3-4a82-ab88-4b8b3f85c17e","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c678","text":"There is significant disciplinary diversity in citation practices.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"disciplinary diversity in citation practices","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"There is significant disciplinary diversity in terms of citation practices, and linked to\nthis, the use and acceptance of indicators for the assessment of research outputs.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c679","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/9e907bdd39b74f99","nativeRecordCid":"bce7884a-a1a4-4ea1-b948-1a2429800d5b","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c679","text":"There is significant disciplinary diversity in the use and acceptance of indicators for the assessment of research outputs.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"disciplinary diversity in indicator use and acceptance","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"There is significant disciplinary diversity in terms of citation practices, and linked to\nthis, the use and acceptance of indicators for the assessment of research outputs.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c680","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/093b4a99c8cf45bf","nativeRecordCid":"38775b60-4339-4c3b-a268-bac0bafee35c","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c680","text":"Disciplinary variations in citation practices influence the interpretation of indicators such as the JIF.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"citation practice variation and JIF interpretation","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Such variations influence the interpretation of indicators such as the JIF.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c681","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/181b555f39e04ced","nativeRecordCid":"0b9c9dec-0d5d-4a56-8c58-73f833d61805","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c681","text":"Some subject areas are more likely to rank their journals and publishers according to their JIFs, while in other areas, such as SSH, this practice is less common.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"ranking journals by JIF across disciplines","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Some subject areas are more likely to rank their journals and publishers according to\ntheir JIFs, while in other areas, such as SSH, this practice is less common158.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c682","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/c5e91f73c6e14f1d","nativeRecordCid":"f8f54cd3-48e3-4fb9-afae-61ebfa29ad24","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c682","text":"Many humanities disciplines are characterised by internal debate.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"humanities disciplines' internal debate","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Many humanities disciplines are characterised by internal debate, such that an output\nmay be just as likely to be cited for its stance on a particular issue, or place in a broader\ndebate, than for the quality","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c683","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/a59a17615fd942f5","nativeRecordCid":"7cabae02-fce7-4e2f-aeef-69eb6bb5b497","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c683","text":"An output in humanities disciplines characterised by internal debate may be just as likely to be cited for its stance on a particular issue, or its place in a broader debate, than for its quality.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"citation motivation in humanities","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Many humanities disciplines are characterised by internal debate, such that an output\nmay be just as likely to be cited for its stance on a particular issue, or place in a broader\ndebate, than for the quality","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c684","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/1758687bb1ed490e","nativeRecordCid":"ad329c58-238e-44de-9510-14c0728f0038","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c684","text":"Social sciences and humanities have larger numbers of 'national' or 'niche' journals which are not indexed in bibliometric databases.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"SSH national/niche journals","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Social sciences and humanities in particular have larger numbers of ‘national’ or ‘niche’ journals which are not indexed\nin bibliometric databases.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c685","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/26a6e8afa67b4da7","nativeRecordCid":"e4870c7c-b2be-4753-9e4b-6fd3fe3dcd91","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c685","text":"National or niche SSH journals may still have transnational contributions and readership.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"SSH national/niche journals","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Yet these may still have transnational contributions and readership, and despite a smaller audience\nmay be highly significant for that specialist (sub)discipline.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c686","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/eb038482725c4a51","nativeRecordCid":"3ebe9b3d-3947-4b02-9e64-3bf6a72446f2","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c686","text":"National or niche SSH journals may be highly significant for their specialist subdiscipline despite a smaller audience.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"SSH national/niche journals","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Yet these may still have transnational contributions and readership, and despite a smaller audience\nmay be highly significant for that specialist (sub)discipline.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c687","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/f2a4a85aba0f4703","nativeRecordCid":"3ac73f45-355e-4cc0-9910-06d160a9dcdf","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c687","text":"In STEM disciplines, methods papers may also attract large numbers of citations.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"STEM methods papers","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"In STEM disciplines, methods papers may also attract large\nnumbers of citations.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c688","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/892d84572d414e65","nativeRecordCid":"67e430de-70c8-4e82-9588-9cad9e27530a","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c688","text":"Practices of citation are more complex than is visible in the simplicity of citation numbers.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"citation practices","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Practices of citation are therefore more complex than is visible in the simplicity\nof citation numbers.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c689","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/0ced64446d1d46c0","nativeRecordCid":"e5be4b3a-317f-442d-b0d6-13343f46e6a8","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c689","text":"The time span over which a piece of research is deemed to be relevant can vary by discipline.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"research relevance timespan","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The time span over which a piece of research is deemed to be relevant can also vary by discipline, as\nsome subject areas move faster than others.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c690","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/e7d6bbf33ca643e0","nativeRecordCid":"4a497c8f-27dd-42c7-ad5c-0a1b891e74ab","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c690","text":"Research in SSH tends to remain relevant for longer periods than research in the natural sciences.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"SSH research relevance","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"In general terms, research in SSH tends to remain relevant\nfor longer periods than in the natural sciences, as noted by recent analysis of journal usage half-lives\nby the British Academy.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c691","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/bf85673cf5a84fce","nativeRecordCid":"e85cbd89-7391-4dae-ad55-f5b40f682f7f","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c691","text":"Differences in the relevance timespan of research across disciplines affect citation practices.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"discipline differences in relevance timespan","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"This will affect citation practices and therefore the relevance of certain\nindicators in particular contexts.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c692","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/6bcfdc12e94f41c8","nativeRecordCid":"ab9da0a2-6166-421b-90ec-bece53861b23","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c692","text":"Differences in the relevance timespan of research across disciplines affect the relevance of certain indicators in particular contexts.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"discipline differences in relevance timespan","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"This will affect citation practices and therefore the relevance of certain\nindicators in particular contexts.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c693","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/5afb3eda3c504f12","nativeRecordCid":"28414460-a296-4d9d-b6fa-93418db8ed40","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c693","text":"The most serious concerns about certain bibliometric and citation-based indicators tend to be voiced by academics working in arts and humanities disciplines.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"arts and humanities academics' concerns","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"During the course of the review, we have found that the most serious concerns about certain\nbibliometric and citation-based indicators tended to be voiced by academics working in arts and\nhumanities disciplines.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c694","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/3fcc472fe7bf4d5b","nativeRecordCid":"58e784d8-cbba-4e41-b2dc-2e96daa9fb35","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c694","text":"Colleagues from the arts and humanities are not alone in their distrust of certain research assessment indicators.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"arts and humanities colleagues","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Colleagues from the arts and humanities are not alone in their distrust of\ncertain research assessment indicators, however the diversity of their research practice and their\nattendant methodologies and research cultures – which impact on views and attitudes surrounding\nwhat epitomises quality and thus how to best evaluate research – perhaps makes them well placed to","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c695","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/81db685316a743d2","nativeRecordCid":"cc3604bf-2e35-47c9-8470-a51983aa8abd","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c695","text":"The diversity of arts and humanities research practice, methodologies, and research cultures perhaps makes arts and humanities colleagues well placed to articulate concerns about research assessment indicators.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"arts and humanities colleagues","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Colleagues from the arts and humanities are not alone in their distrust of\ncertain research assessment indicators, however the diversity of their research practice and their\nattendant methodologies and research cultures – which impact on views and attitudes surrounding\nwhat epitomises quality and thus how to best evaluate research – perhaps makes them well placed to","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c696","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/6b7b9202b38b407e","nativeRecordCid":"6cee4154-7264-462f-aea2-57dc4c21df4b","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c696","text":"Research conducted within the arts and humanities has a stronger national and regional orientation, with more publications likely written in languages other than English.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"arts and humanities research","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"It has a stronger national and regional orientation; for instance, more publications are\nlikely to be written in languages other than English;","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c697","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/59cce00abaa943ce","nativeRecordCid":"329dcbfe-faed-4f0d-88ee-27d6d24fda6b","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c697","text":"Research conducted within the arts and humanities is often published in books and other outputs that are harder to measure quantitatively, such as objects, films and ephemeral works.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"arts and humanities research","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"It is often published in books and other outputs which are harder to measure\nquantitatively (e.g. objects, films and ephemeral works);","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c698","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/bbd5e1a7b7074c0d","nativeRecordCid":"21364b26-7c64-480f-b311-c35c9993aa2d","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c698","text":"Research conducted within the arts and humanities can have a different configuration of theoretical development that operates at a different pace than research in the sciences.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"arts and humanities research","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"It can have a different configuration of theoretical development that operates at a\ndifferent pace; it is difficult to introduce quantitative metrics of incremental work\nthat is undertaken over a long period of time and is slow to develop;","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c699","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/a8bcfa92ab884493","nativeRecordCid":"dfdd93d5-746f-42f8-83fd-bd964d33cab4","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c699","text":"It is difficult to introduce quantitative metrics for arts and humanities incremental work that is undertaken over a long period of time and is slow to develop.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"arts and humanities incremental work","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"It can have a different configuration of theoretical development that operates at a\ndifferent pace; it is difficult to introduce quantitative metrics of incremental work\nthat is undertaken over a long period of time and is slow to develop;","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c700","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/c85527bc17b746de","nativeRecordCid":"1e6a1c00-8cc7-428d-a4f5-def9297328fc","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c700","text":"Research conducted within the arts and humanities depends on scholars working alone as well as in collaborative teams, making it sometimes less collaborative than research in the sciences.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"arts and humanities research","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"It depends on the scholars working alone as well as in collaborative teams, so is\nsometimes less collaborative;","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c701","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/fe8aa8c47da54721","nativeRecordCid":"f69f4b43-99c2-43a3-9c8e-dffdcce36393","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c701","text":"Research conducted within the arts and humanities may be directed more at a non-scholarly public.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"arts and humanities research","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"It may be directed more at a non-scholarly public.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c702","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/7b19346f88024783","nativeRecordCid":"f1f9880a-40ab-44ea-84a2-1b294d1702e0","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c702","text":"The specificities of different disciplines and sub-disciplines, including but not limited to the arts and humanities, must be accounted for within research assessment.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"","subject":"disciplinary specificities in research assessment","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Therefore, we contend that the specificities of different disciplines and sub-disciplines including, but\nnot limited to, the arts and humanities,161 need to be accounted for within research assessment.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c703","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/42cbc5b7905b493c","nativeRecordCid":"4cf3a4e5-bb12-4216-92c5-783914ed6077","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c703","text":"It is entirely appropriate that various research communities seek to articulate the value of their work in different ways.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"research communities","subject":"articulation of research value","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"We agree with the assertion by PLOS in their response to our call for evidence: “It is entirely appropriate\nthat various research communities seek to articulate the value of their work in different ways.”","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c704","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/d450b1b657364964","nativeRecordCid":"fb70bbb6-b84a-4ffa-882b-5287d5ed4850","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c704","text":"Metrics or indicators are not discipline-specific but can be more or less relevant, or the data more complete, for particular forms of communication, interaction or re-use.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"metrics and indicators","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"As noted above, metrics or indicators are not discipline-specific, as such, but can be more or less\nrelevant (or the data more complete) for particular forms of communication, interaction or re-use.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c705","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/212210adc6fa462a","nativeRecordCid":"f1af08b3-60ac-4c60-b97c-dc79832d70ed","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c705","text":"Comparison between publications from different research fields is often required in research assessment contexts.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"cross-field comparison in research assessment","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"In research assessment contexts, comparison between publications from research fields is often a\nrequirement, but this is a challenging task due to differing cultures of output production and citation\npractice.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c706","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/a5a2303be9e34977","nativeRecordCid":"a0b05103-b438-4e1c-8f76-8517ee77aad1","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c706","text":"Comparing publications from different research fields in research assessment is challenging due to differing cultures of output production and citation practice.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"cross-field comparison in research assessment","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"In research assessment contexts, comparison between publications from research fields is often a\nrequirement, but this is a challenging task due to differing cultures of output production and citation\npractice.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c707","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/4bc735c4970149d3","nativeRecordCid":"60c8e5b5-b64b-43bc-bc12-f9b5e7d39615","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c707","text":"Attempts to address cross-field comparison difficulties through processes of normalisation are often seen as crucial.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"normalisation processes","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"For outputs, attempts to address these difficulties, through processes or normalisation, are\noften seen as crucial (see the literature review (Supplementary Report I) and Section 3.1.4 of this\nreport).","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c708","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/4aa2915290754246","nativeRecordCid":"aa2129e4-4090-44ee-9fce-b65a8c563bf4","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c708","text":"Processes of normalisation are not always straightforward.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"normalisation processes","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"However, processes of\nnormalisation are not always straightforward and do not necessarily remove problems across all\nfields, including but not limited to those related to the coverage of metrics.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c709","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/001f5b6cebdd4df9","nativeRecordCid":"f61d73ec-8cb6-4147-b1ee-733d32b2987d","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c709","text":"Processes of normalisation do not necessarily remove problems across all fields, including those related to the coverage of metrics.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"normalisation processes","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"However, processes of\nnormalisation are not always straightforward and do not necessarily remove problems across all\nfields, including but not limited to those related to the coverage of metrics.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c710","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/71ee8aa016e34558","nativeRecordCid":"bea212b8-8022-4656-aa90-e3151c5453ae","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c710","text":"Many standard indicators currently on offer cannot adequately capture outputs from the arts, especially practice-based subjects and written products such as poetry and novels.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"standard indicators","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Relatedly, many of the standard indicators currently on offer cannot adequately capture outputs from the arts, especially\npractice-based subjects, but also written products such as poetry and novels.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c711","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/3eaf1f4a6eeb4062","nativeRecordCid":"be1f6c80-aefd-442d-89d6-6a9007b6f69d","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c711","text":"Attempts are being made to find alternative and altmetric solutions to provide other routes forward for research assessment.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"alternative and altmetric solutions","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Attempts are being made to find alternative and altmetric solutions as a means to provide other routes\nforward, as discussed at our Sussex and Warwick workshops.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c712","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/f8d945fb14cf4945","nativeRecordCid":"0cb45dc6-1018-45c5-a80f-4d39dc287f6e","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c712","text":"Alternative and altmetric solutions are increasingly sophisticated but not yet ready for widespread application in evaluations.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"alternative and altmetric solutions","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"However, while increasingly\nsophisticated, these are not yet ready for widespread application in evaluations.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c713","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/690429894d5d4b6a","nativeRecordCid":"6a405291-ba99-4f25-a54c-7a53fde75ea3","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c713","text":"Difficulties in the potential application of alternative and altmetric solutions across and between different disciplines would remain.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"alternative and altmetric solutions","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Furthermore,\ndifficulties in terms of their potential application across and between different disciplines would\nremain.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c714","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/536fe547b280460c","nativeRecordCid":"2e90883d-872b-4f2b-96a0-a6e7de0bca45","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c714","text":"Disciplines vary in the extent of their culture of citing outputs online in ways that will be captured by altmetrics.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"disciplinary online citing culture","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"For some disciplines, there is more (or less) of a culture of citing outputs online in ways that\nwill be captured.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c715","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/1765071b8ece43a3","nativeRecordCid":"fb419ed6-4d97-456b-b961-ceafd732e649","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c715","text":"There are residual concerns in relation to books in research assessment.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"books in research assessment","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"There are also residual concerns in relation to books, though improvements are being made (see\nSection 3.2.5).","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c716","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/3276876b76044ddf","nativeRecordCid":"7ced9b0b-bf7f-419e-823f-7f7bb3a2b40a","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c716","text":"Improvements are being made in relation to the assessment of books.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"books in research assessment","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"There are also residual concerns in relation to books, though improvements are being made (see\nSection 3.2.5).","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c717","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/ace459ed9eb143ea","nativeRecordCid":"b02de53b-aa55-4b4f-8049-df2d88ea38bd","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c717","text":"Further investment may be required in fields such as the arts and humanities into the development of more suitable indicators.","kind":"normative","modality":"may","actor":"","subject":"investment in suitable indicators","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Perhaps further investment is required in these fields into the development of more\nsuitable indicators.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c718","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/0905a9e34a634f40","nativeRecordCid":"26f839de-07ba-4556-85e3-9e91fed4002e","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c718","text":"The challenge of making meaningful comparisons across subjects is likely to remain.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"cross-subject comparison challenge","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"However, the challenge of making meaningful comparisons across subjects is\nlikely to still remain and sufficient sensitivity to context would still be paramount.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c719","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/a82d0b227254462e","nativeRecordCid":"acb5c0da-e289-4508-9862-3f986d0ecc3f","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c719","text":"Sufficient sensitivity to context must remain paramount in research assessment across disciplines.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"","subject":"sensitivity to context in research assessment","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"However, the challenge of making meaningful comparisons across subjects is\nlikely to still remain and sufficient sensitivity to context would still be paramount.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c720","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/c8ff83aaa3444c20","nativeRecordCid":"2a2326c5-b1b3-4935-aeb1-4e1593ebbcdf","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c720","text":"A 'basket' of appropriate metrics, used alongside other forms of assessment such as peer review and tailored to the community in question, may be developed as an option.","kind":"normative","modality":"may","actor":"","subject":"basket of metrics","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"One option would be to develop a ‘basket’ of appropriate metrics perhaps used alongside other forms\nof assessment such as peer review, and tailored to the community in question.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c721","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/fbd4c888f9874c99","nativeRecordCid":"d04ff15d-f05f-491a-9cd1-5ea26eb5355f","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c721","text":"Most international case studies tailor their approaches to research assessment to account for some disciplinary variations.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"international case studies","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Most of the international case studies discussed in Section 2.6 tailor their approaches to research\nassessment to account for some disciplinary variations, as is also the case with the REF, in terms of","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c722","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/b5176aaea1f74f42","nativeRecordCid":"7f09d07f-b946-4c0e-a4b3-4696d7b75c09","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c722","text":"The degree to which research assessment systems have been adapted for disciplinary variation varies enormously.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"disciplinary adaptation of assessment systems","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"However, the degree to which such systems have been adapted varies enormously, and primarily\nfocuses on attempts to mitigate certain biases of bibliometric analyses.","representedInStars":false}
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{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c724","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/8bfa21f85469453b","nativeRecordCid":"766b9d75-cc1a-424e-ad09-aa044c3fb0ab","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c724","text":"Snowball Metrics attempts to provide clarity to the definition and use of metrics such that disciplinary differences could be more readily accounted for.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"Snowball Metrics","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Snowball Metrics also attempts to provide clarity to the definition and use of metrics, such that\ndisciplinary differences could be more readily accounted for.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c725","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/02a1fd08de6144eb","nativeRecordCid":"0c1e1c78-a8fd-4a53-83d4-0b762cb53da5","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c725","text":"Use of tailored and varied approaches to research assessment raises additional complexities in terms of cost and administration.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"tailored research assessment approaches","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"However, use of tailored and varied approaches raises additional complexities in terms of cost and\nadministration, has implications for interdisciplinary research (as discussed further in the next\nsection), and could lead to potential disquiet between groups.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c726","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/211d59d131114ce8","nativeRecordCid":"c1046954-1b29-47d9-b79c-c14201fc83f6","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c726","text":"Use of tailored and varied approaches to research assessment has implications for interdisciplinary research.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"tailored research assessment approaches","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"However, use of tailored and varied approaches raises additional complexities in terms of cost and\nadministration, has implications for interdisciplinary research (as discussed further in the next\nsection), and could lead to potential disquiet between groups.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c727","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/b9fd16903c6944ec","nativeRecordCid":"fe06e57f-4e5a-4cf8-8aad-931348dddadb","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c727","text":"Use of tailored and varied approaches to research assessment could lead to potential disquiet between groups.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"tailored research assessment approaches","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"However, use of tailored and varied approaches raises additional complexities in terms of cost and\nadministration, has implications for interdisciplinary research (as discussed further in the next\nsection), and could lead to potential disquiet between groups.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c728","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/e9397bce10dd4952","nativeRecordCid":"6d630021-5efd-4da9-9306-be1ba09fc387","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c728","text":"In recent years there has been an increasing emphasis on the importance of interdisciplinary research.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"interdisciplinary research emphasis","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"In recent years, there has been an increasing emphasis on the importance of interdisciplinary research,\nbut also a recognition that this isn’t always easy to undertake effectively, or to support.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c729","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/e8208fa99247480e","nativeRecordCid":"b6ca7163-4747-48f8-b58f-9b1df6437e44","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c729","text":"Interdisciplinary research isn't always easy to undertake effectively or to support.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"interdisciplinary research","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"In recent years, there has been an increasing emphasis on the importance of interdisciplinary research,\nbut also a recognition that this isn’t always easy to undertake effectively, or to support.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c730","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/2fa1ea073c8c4da9","nativeRecordCid":"5eba27d7-84cf-4b8d-9a86-5187ea8d1786","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c730","text":"Variation in citation practices is the most obvious and striking example of diversity across disciplines.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"citation practice variation","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Variation in citation practices is the most obvious and striking example of this diversity, but the\ndifferences run deeper, drawing in questions of method, debate, epistemology, value, quality and\ndocumentation.","representedInStars":false}
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{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c735","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/4a5405c038a34443","nativeRecordCid":"7fb2cdd5-4714-44bc-b94d-dd6fec3a17fc","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c735","text":"Approaches that take account of local practice within disciplines and sub-disciplines may encourage and nurture diversity.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"locally-attentive assessment approaches","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The research system clearly displays a degree of complexity that is difficult to reduce to simple numbers,\nbut approaches that take account of local practice within disciplines and sub-disciplines may prevent\nunhelpful or misleading comparisons being made between different types and modes of research and\nencourage – and perhaps even nurture – diversity.","representedInStars":false}
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{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c737","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/3b9b89d496894f38","nativeRecordCid":"86df6160-8820-4de1-aef7-5624315caedf","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c737","text":"Approaches that take account of local practice within disciplines and sub-disciplines may hamper interdisciplinary research and creative approaches more broadly.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"locally-attentive assessment approaches","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"These approaches would carry significant costs, though, and may hamper interdisciplinary research and\ncreative approaches more broadly.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c738","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/5188bc114dcb4fb5","nativeRecordCid":"72b17299-3b2a-482d-b1f1-21a6dd512046","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c738","text":"There are no quick fixes for recognising differences between disciplines in research assessment.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"disciplinary differences in research assessment","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"There are\nno quick fixes here, but the greatest potential for recognising differences may come in the form of\n‘baskets’ of indicators – qualitative and quantitative – that can capture the valuable aspects of research\npractice, output and impact within all disciplines, however they are configured.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c739","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/4a1fc37b4c5b43bf","nativeRecordCid":"9ea2e235-6847-4fca-accc-ce3eb86c43b6","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c739","text":"The greatest potential for recognising differences between disciplines may come in the form of 'baskets' of qualitative and quantitative indicators that can capture the valuable aspects of research practice, output and impact within all disciplines.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"baskets of indicators","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"There are\nno quick fixes here, but the greatest potential for recognising differences may come in the form of\n‘baskets’ of indicators – qualitative and quantitative – that can capture the valuable aspects of research\npractice, output and impact within all disciplines, however they are configured.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c740","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/a18878a9cbf341c7","nativeRecordCid":"6bb65751-395d-410b-9ccc-f1fc8cb1c14d","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c740","text":"A metrics-based model is one of three broad approaches to the assessment of research.","kind":"definitional","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"approaches to research assessment","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"There are three broad approaches to the assessment of research: a metrics-based model; peer review;\nand a mixed model, combining these two approaches.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c741","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/a758a75302784df0","nativeRecordCid":"6b386808-9a87-4d80-8df5-3eaef804586d","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c741","text":"Peer review is one of three broad approaches to the assessment of research.","kind":"definitional","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"approaches to research assessment","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"There are three broad approaches to the assessment of research: a metrics-based model; peer review;\nand a mixed model, combining these two approaches.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c742","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/565c2151ab1a4678","nativeRecordCid":"2d7efca2-02ad-432a-a32d-6b1d5d4c2f21","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c742","text":"A mixed model combining metrics-based and peer review approaches is one of three broad approaches to the assessment of research.","kind":"definitional","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"approaches to research assessment","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"There are three broad approaches to the assessment of research: a metrics-based model; peer review;\nand a mixed model, combining these two approaches.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c743","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/1f05da50cf544d95","nativeRecordCid":"871dcedf-d70d-4da8-b4ce-e93eb4ccd4c8","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c743","text":"Choosing between the three broad approaches to research assessment remains contentious.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"choice of research assessment approach","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Choosing between these remains contentious.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c744","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/670799b8cd0a485c","nativeRecordCid":"40ef64f8-c2fb-42fd-b1eb-479fbacf79b8","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c744","text":"Discussions of metrics and peer review should avoid comparing a crude caricature of metrics with an idealized chimera of peer review.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"","subject":"metrics/peer review discussions","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"As Derek Sayer reminded us in his response to the review, it is important to avoid comparing\n“a crude caricature of metrics with an idealized chimera of peer review”.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c745","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/7d0643c456f142c0","nativeRecordCid":"fbca1eb2-ff39-401d-8a06-27624b27b359","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c745","text":"Peer review includes the review of journal manuscripts.","kind":"definitional","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"peer review","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Peer review is a general umbrella term for a host of expert-based review practices including the\nreview of journal manuscripts, peer review of applications for funding and career promotions, and\nnational peer review-based research assessments such as the REF.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c746","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/08b4c3c37f4142fd","nativeRecordCid":"c00f8aaa-db3b-448b-b4db-a242cb6fd6f6","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c746","text":"Peer review includes peer review of applications for funding and career promotions.","kind":"definitional","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"peer review","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Peer review is a general umbrella term for a host of expert-based review practices including the\nreview of journal manuscripts, peer review of applications for funding and career promotions, and\nnational peer review-based research assessments such as the REF.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c747","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/4a7dae573b734a74","nativeRecordCid":"f22f92de-60e2-4ca1-aee9-f52ecb1ac5cf","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c747","text":"Peer review includes national peer review-based research assessments such as the REF.","kind":"definitional","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"peer review","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Peer review is a general umbrella term for a host of expert-based review practices including the\nreview of journal manuscripts, peer review of applications for funding and career promotions, and\nnational peer review-based research assessments such as the REF.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c748","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/42b07dabcd2449b8","nativeRecordCid":"16872c4c-970f-470b-8563-34a511944dba","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c748","text":"Peer review takes place in the review of research proposals.","kind":"definitional","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"peer review stages","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"It takes place at each stage of the\nresearch cycle: in the review of research proposals; the review of outputs (pre- and post-publication);\nand in broader retrospective assessments of outputs (such as the REF).","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c749","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/29e0d59601554892","nativeRecordCid":"0273a915-b9b0-486a-a371-c334f0a9005b","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c749","text":"Peer review takes place in the review of outputs, pre- and post-publication.","kind":"definitional","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"peer review stages","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"It takes place at each stage of the\nresearch cycle: in the review of research proposals; the review of outputs (pre- and post-publication);\nand in broader retrospective assessments of outputs (such as the REF).","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c750","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/fd540dfb6cb54e1e","nativeRecordCid":"90bbf61f-6817-4564-977c-5b7098ddfd05","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c750","text":"Peer review takes place in broader retrospective assessments of outputs, such as the REF.","kind":"definitional","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"peer review stages","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"It takes place at each stage of the\nresearch cycle: in the review of research proposals; the review of outputs (pre- and post-publication);\nand in broader retrospective assessments of outputs (such as the REF).","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c751","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/af1d7972da1f481d","nativeRecordCid":"0d5a4809-80cd-4328-a17c-33ea200ba585","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c751","text":"Peer review is arguably the most important method of quality control in all disciplines.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"peer review","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Peer review is arguably the most important method of quality control in all disciplines and can be\ncharacterised as a core family of mechanisms by which academic communities control themselves and\nmaintain their social order, academic ethos and norms.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c752","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/d16e66b609734b38","nativeRecordCid":"cda17909-76ba-4fbf-9d11-4fb260fc1683","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c752","text":"Peer review can be characterised as a core family of mechanisms by which academic communities control themselves and maintain their social order, academic ethos and norms.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"peer review","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Peer review is arguably the most important method of quality control in all disciplines and can be\ncharacterised as a core family of mechanisms by which academic communities control themselves and\nmaintain their social order, academic ethos and norms.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c753","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/865535b5efe848d8","nativeRecordCid":"ef750fbe-1423-497f-92f9-b71e0befe62d","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c753","text":"Peer review is not without its own flaws or disadvantages.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"peer review","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"However, it was recognised that peer review is not without its own flaws or disadvantages, and\nsuggestions for its improvement included increasing the transparency and representativeness of the\nprocess.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c754","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/a7b348a7013f45dc","nativeRecordCid":"625197de-1900-4bda-af60-a0f6a7399d3f","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c754","text":"Ethnographic studies of peer review processes have emerged only recently.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"ethnographic studies of peer review","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Ethnographic studies of peer review processes have emerged only recently.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c755","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/ee270a4a0d984b92","nativeRecordCid":"8a42bd6e-cf96-4e9e-bba5-76e78dce0327","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c755","text":"Ethnographic studies of peer review often focus on peer review in the context of funding decisions.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"ethnographic studies of peer review","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"They often focus on peer\nreview in the context of funding decisions169 and are often linked to policy-driven agendas and needs.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c756","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/935f92d7112f4e45","nativeRecordCid":"75d749fb-9d1d-4676-adc1-9532af5c3197","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c756","text":"Ethnographic studies of peer review are often linked to policy-driven agendas and needs.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"ethnographic studies of peer review","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"They often focus on peer\nreview in the context of funding decisions169 and are often linked to policy-driven agendas and needs.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c757","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/da6ea2dda74346ee","nativeRecordCid":"ddb4d27c-8e54-40a9-934f-7519802ee904","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c757","text":"There are often complaints about the lack of robust evidence to support the notion that peer review is the best method available to the research community.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"evidence for peer review's effectiveness","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"There are often complaints about the lack of robust evidence to support the notion that peer review is\nthe best method the research community has as its disposal.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c758","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/9a042ddad52a4a55","nativeRecordCid":"9caa474f-5d23-4f1b-b26e-8c97cdd2b462","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c758","text":"Peer review is still generally considered the main quality control mechanism in research.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"peer review","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"In general, however, peer review is still considered the main quality control mechanism, arguably due\nto a lack of viable alternatives.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c759","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/7dd0483ecb6943f2","nativeRecordCid":"f4ac1fcd-9769-4b81-9273-f3f26b64553c","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c759","text":"Peer review's continued status as the main quality control mechanism is arguably due to a lack of viable alternatives.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"peer review's status","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"In general, however, peer review is still considered the main quality control mechanism, arguably due\nto a lack of viable alternatives.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c760","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/1fa6a074fc394918","nativeRecordCid":"09249ecf-a9ce-439d-b107-a402ef597a22","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c760","text":"Peer review is slow, inefficient and expensive.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"peer review","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"It is slow, inefficient and expensive,\nalthough most costs are hidden;","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c761","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/1dcb5c2807f3476f","nativeRecordCid":"4ec7e88f-d363-4b28-b650-bcb0e5f0cbfd","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c761","text":"Most of the costs of peer review are hidden.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"peer review costs","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"It is slow, inefficient and expensive,\nalthough most costs are hidden;","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c762","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/53011eb0b5334e4b","nativeRecordCid":"a119b4a1-be75-46eb-b328-28292c74412b","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c762","text":"Human judgment in peer review is subjective.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"peer review","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Human judgment is subjective – which may\nhowever also be seen as a strength;173","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c763","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/d5ce1b836c5d45a4","nativeRecordCid":"ab5636fd-8888-4c30-b6b5-7c212cd99d3f","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c763","text":"Peer review is almost by definition not transparent.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"peer review","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"It is almost by definition not transparent;","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c764","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/65e4963d698c4bcd","nativeRecordCid":"9f4ab34a-b01e-4035-ba25-756c0b738f93","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c764","text":"Peer review is inconsistent, sometimes characterised as a lack of inter-rater reliability.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"peer review","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"It is inconsistent, sometimes characterised\nas a lack of inter-rater reliability;","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c765","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/7df5761dcfe94df5","nativeRecordCid":"c5e7a209-c329-4411-a89a-e327491f74dd","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c765","text":"Peer review's strength lies in its foundation in specialised knowledge of the subject, methodology and literature relevant for specific decisions.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"peer review","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Its foundation in specialised\nknowledge of the subject,\nmethodology and literature\nrelevant for specific decisions;","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c766","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/c8f7c0aa26404200","nativeRecordCid":"1545e6c4-3fba-416c-bca3-8c89f1d704d3","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c766","text":"Peer review's social nature is a strength.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"peer review","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Its social nature;","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c767","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/95ff2436ff2f438a","nativeRecordCid":"8fa3ac45-04b5-414a-a1d2-25770326a59b","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c767","text":"The subjectivity of peer review could be seen as a strength as well as a weakness.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"peer review subjectivity","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The subjectivity of this\napproach could be seen as a\nstrength (as well as a\nweakness);","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c768","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/b1bb18ef07c448c1","nativeRecordCid":"5cdf93de-8fa9-4f1b-8c7a-b5700a431683","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c768","text":"Peer review is a biased process, including gender bias regarding career decisions, bias against negative studies in publication decisions, bias in favour of prestigious institutes, and bias in favour of dominant paradigms.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"peer review bias","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"It is a biased process (e.g. gender bias\nregarding career decisions, bias against\nnegative studies in publication decisions,\nbias in favour of prestigious institutes, bias\nin favour of dominant paradigms);","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c769","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/a15211e6f13a4511","nativeRecordCid":"0cd080f7-d395-47f7-b601-45241dd44b28","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c769","text":"Peer review's bias is strengthened by the Matthew effect.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"peer review bias and Matthew effect","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Its bias is strengthened by the Matthew\neffect;174","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c770","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/f7b5ad8742fe4fe3","nativeRecordCid":"6192ba63-044c-4c01-a762-aefd39fe5b29","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c770","text":"The peer review process can be abused, for example to block competitors or to plagiarise.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"abuse of peer review","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The process can be abused (e.g. to block\ncompetitors, to plagiarise);","representedInStars":true}
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{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c772","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/259a172ff5eb426a","nativeRecordCid":"73306d5e-3e63-43e6-be71-7dd8aa64240e","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c772","text":"Peer review is not very good at detecting fraudulent research.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"peer review and fraud detection","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"It is not very good at identifying errors in\ndata or even in detecting fraudulent\nresearch;175","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c773","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/69de2e77d3da4e1e","nativeRecordCid":"bac67a7b-be88-4183-a80e-9f2eb0efa600","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c773","text":"Peer review cannot process the complete research output of a nation.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"peer review coverage of research output","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"It cannot process the complete research\noutput of a nation and will therefore result\nin distorted rankings (since rankings are\nsensitive to the selection of submissions to\nthe assessments);","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c774","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/4cdceb435e0044ef","nativeRecordCid":"b10ee52a-8df9-4b08-b14d-5b5a62f1799b","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c774","text":"Peer review's inability to process the complete research output of a nation results in distorted rankings, since rankings are sensitive to the selection of submissions to the assessments.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"peer review and distorted rankings","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"It cannot process the complete research\noutput of a nation and will therefore result\nin distorted rankings (since rankings are\nsensitive to the selection of submissions to\nthe assessments);","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c775","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/ad9db3bcb9854995","nativeRecordCid":"33b5ee95-a282-47ae-a485-d22ee6f8087c","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c775","text":"Peer review cannot provide information about the productivity and efficiency of the research system.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"peer review and productivity information","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"It cannot provide information about the\nproductivity and efficiency of the research\nsystem;","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c776","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/be170d1896e64085","nativeRecordCid":"a73089d7-5c29-4a02-8ad7-765b4feedfab","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c776","text":"The selection of peer reviewers may create problems for a variety of reasons, such as bias, lack of experts in emerging and interdisciplinary areas, and lack of experts due to the speed of research areas.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"selection of peer reviewers","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The selection of peer reviewers may create\nproblems because of a variety of reasons\n(bias, lack of experts in emerging and\ninterdisciplinary areas, lack of experts due\nto the speed of research areas, etc).","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c777","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/018f4c86cecc4e9d","nativeRecordCid":"2443232b-a829-4154-acf9-497c6d4e375f","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c777","text":"Peer review can help assess elements of research which are challenging to quantify, such as novelty.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"peer review and hard-to-quantify elements","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"It can help assess elements of\nresearch which are challenging\nto quantify e.g. novelty;","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c778","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/123c37d96efe4861","nativeRecordCid":"71dee71c-2075-4ac3-97ec-69ddb6e491b2","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c778","text":"Peer review can deliver more nuanced and detailed understandings of research in the context of research production.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"peer review and nuanced understanding","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"It can deliver more nuanced\nand detailed understandings of\nresearch in the context of\nresearch production.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c779","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/3e6a10e1f8cb4f9d","nativeRecordCid":"51efa7db-d12f-4e87-9c57-2e07d67784fc","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c779","text":"The identification of peer review's weaknesses has stimulated a series of experiments with different forms of peer review, especially in the area of journal publishing and grant reviews, and also, if less often, in the context of national research assessment exercises.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"experiments with peer review forms","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"the identification of peer review’s weaknesses has stimulated a series of experiments with\ndifferent forms of peer review, especially in the area of journal publishing and grant reviews, and also,","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c780","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/60a29d305cc14e45","nativeRecordCid":"cfd709fd-2f54-4c90-9e94-e2aaa8344463","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c780","text":"Attempts to improve or enhance peer review include single-blind or double-blind peer review to remedy the bias in favour of prestigious institutions.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"peer review reform attempts","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Single-blind or double-blind peer review to remedy the bias in favour of prestigious\ninstitutions;","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c781","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/86e797951d0f4bb4","nativeRecordCid":"5c034fe8-a40e-4862-8f41-e5581b290e55","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c781","text":"Attempts to improve or enhance peer review include post-publication review instead of pre-publication review.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"peer review reform attempts","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Post-publication review instead of pre-publication review;","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c782","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/c7d412721c4443bb","nativeRecordCid":"e5772cf2-3a45-44e8-96cd-777e226ba8dd","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c782","text":"Attempts to improve or enhance peer review include open peer review to increase transparency and accountability and counter the risk of abuse.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"peer review reform attempts","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Open peer review to increase transparency and accountability and counter the risk of\nabuse;","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c783","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/3d5550200c7445ed","nativeRecordCid":"7af26f5f-b967-44d3-8105-d0d3203159bf","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c783","text":"Attempts to improve or enhance peer review include training of reviewers to improve the quality of the reviews.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"peer review reform attempts","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Training of reviewers to improve the quality of the reviews;","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c784","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/c86b75435c544bd5","nativeRecordCid":"d68a60f7-4b33-453c-9968-a85b647af79c","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c784","text":"Attempts to improve or enhance peer review include increasing interest in the provision of rewards in the form of scholarly credit and recognition for reviewers.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"peer review reform attempts","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Increasing interest in the provision of rewards in the form of scholarly credit and\nrecognition for reviewers;","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c785","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/84e96c0dd09a49cc","nativeRecordCid":"f25e3150-4343-4d42-9827-2078814d5fb0","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c785","text":"Attempts to improve or enhance peer review include developing new standards of peer review, such as a focus on methodology rather than substantive quality criteria.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"peer review reform attempts","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Developing new standards of peer review (e.g. a focus on methodology rather than\nsubstantive quality criteria as developed by PLOS ONE in journals or other reader\nsystems in grant review);","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c786","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/a6a0b1ebcc6b4878","nativeRecordCid":"0f44d0ca-2d93-4a09-a334-78ebec506287","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c786","text":"Attempts to improve or enhance peer review include provision of article-level metrics relating to comments and ratings, mentions in social media, and bookmarking.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"peer review reform attempts","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Provision of article-level metrics, relating to comments and ratings, mentions in\nsocial media and bookmarking.","representedInStars":false}
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{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c788","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/19ca4d82559541aa","nativeRecordCid":"2b7f33be-d3bc-45df-9f3f-3410c6d53afe","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c788","text":"The recognition that some aspects of peer review are problematic has led to calls to replace or supplement peer review with citation indicators and other metrics.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"calls to replace or supplement peer review","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"the recognition that some aspects of peer review are problematic has led to calls to replace\nor supplement peer review with citation indicators and other metrics that may measure aspects of\nscholarly quality and impact.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c789","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/60befb6ab4914e02","nativeRecordCid":"5aa8d0f2-01ab-4918-a791-9866cd70bb02","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c789","text":"There have been recent calls to rethink the REF in light of concerns about the specific form of peer review as operated in the REF.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"calls to rethink the REF","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"concerns about the specific form of peer review as operated in this context.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c790","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/bf40e603f1c04193","nativeRecordCid":"e3ca0b00-bbad-49be-be78-59b56f294e0f","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c790","text":"Correlation strengths between bibliometric indicators and peer review vary between fields, including within the natural sciences, the social sciences, and the humanities.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"correlation strength variation between fields","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Correlation strengths vary between fields both within the natural\nsciences, the social sciences, and the humanities, and may even vary within fields.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c791","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/3b79a1a8db054997","nativeRecordCid":"85019224-c0b7-4ef6-8ea2-784663e87312","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c791","text":"Correlation strengths between bibliometric indicators and peer review may vary within fields.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"correlation strength variation within fields","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Correlation strengths vary between fields both within the natural\nsciences, the social sciences, and the humanities, and may even vary within fields.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c792","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/7867be4d36e24fb5","nativeRecordCid":"e49ddc5b-0d10-4192-83c2-dd64d323366b","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c792","text":"The literature shows varying strengths of correlation between bibliometric indicators and peer review assessment.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"correlation between bibliometrics and peer review","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"In summary, the literature shows varying strengths of correlation between bibliometric indicators and\npeer review assessment.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c793","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/c5a315e6786a45f8","nativeRecordCid":"e5be9459-d53b-42f7-b8d1-f300c65ef9b4","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c793","text":"In general, the correlation between bibliometrics and peer review is weaker in most fields in the humanities, the applied fields, the technical sciences, and the social sciences.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"weaker correlation in certain fields","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"In general, the correlation between bibliometrics and\npeer review is weaker in most fields in the humanities, the applied fields, the technical sciences, and\nthe social sciences.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c794","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/75a0ddde06524eb1","nativeRecordCid":"32d36619-865c-49c9-abb9-339ff676e359","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c794","text":"The weaker correlation between bibliometrics and peer review in these fields is partly caused by lower coverage in the citation databases.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"cause of weaker correlation: coverage","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"This is partly caused by lower coverage in the citation databases, but also by\nvarying citation and publication cultures, as noted in Chapter 4.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c795","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/6e62978ab13845dc","nativeRecordCid":"f706cb5f-18c1-41b5-b4bd-3fc990f963c2","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c795","text":"The weaker correlation between bibliometrics and peer review in these fields is partly caused by varying citation and publication cultures.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"cause of weaker correlation: culture","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"This is partly caused by lower coverage in the citation databases, but also by\nvarying citation and publication cultures, as noted in Chapter 4.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c796","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/7781178729dd4362","nativeRecordCid":"e49b12b6-38cf-468d-b7bf-a8945e45c23e","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c796","text":"Peer review and bibliometric data are not completely independent.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"peer review and bibliometric data relationship","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Peer review and bibliometric data are not completely independent.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c797","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/b814a075659849cc","nativeRecordCid":"265f875d-3fde-4052-aa3c-caf58beec8a2","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c797","text":"Citation data are ultimately based on researchers who cite or do not cite particular publications.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"basis of citation data","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Citation data are ultimately based\non researchers who cite or do not cite particular publications.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c798","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/fd01bdc45f034cb5","nativeRecordCid":"31bf708f-fce5-458a-8716-1251d4fbe65f","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c798","text":"The same communities are the source of the peer review data.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"source of peer review data","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The same communities are the source of\nthe peer review data.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c799","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/b7c2c9c507084925","nativeRecordCid":"3c43af02-cf61-4fdb-b0f5-b4521c311b72","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c799","text":"The meaning of a citation cannot be deduced from the role of the literature reference, although the fact that peer review and citation data originate from the same communities explains any positive correlation between peer review and bibliometrics.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"citation meaning and correlation with peer review","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Although the meaning of the citation cannot be deduced from the role of the\nliterature reference, it does explain any positive correlation there may be between peer review and\nbibliometrics.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c800","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/11ab6f9e3cba4df3","nativeRecordCid":"30e3c794-d443-4841-b801-4d2dc7840735","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c800","text":"Peer review decisions may have been influenced by prior knowledge of bibliometric data.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"influence of bibliometric data on peer review","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"In addition, peer review decisions may have been influenced by prior knowledge of\nbibliometric data.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c801","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/99cff5295d5a43b8","nativeRecordCid":"0cbb8737-464f-4238-b8ba-2ff29f28f78d","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c801","text":"The interaction between peer review and bibliometric data may have increased due to the large-scale availability of bibliometric data and indicators.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"increased interaction between peer review and bibliometrics","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"This interaction may have increased due to the large-scale availability of\nbibliometric data and indicators.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c802","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/bd927a0bab4e4687","nativeRecordCid":"9b087290-dd8a-454f-8c29-40f3716cfbcf","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c802","text":"Although no complete consensus exists in the bibliometric literature about what citation indicators and bibliometric measures exactly mean, the vast majority of bibliometric experts see citations as a proxy measure for the impact of the work on the relevant academic communities.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"expert view of citations as impact proxy","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Although no complete consensus exists in the bibliometric literature about what citation indicators\nand bibliometric measures exactly mean, the vast majority of bibliometric experts see citations as a\nproxy measure for the impact of the work on the relevant academic communities","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c803","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/5692eabd327e44d2","nativeRecordCid":"3b57fdb4-d15e-48f3-9258-39c87738c70a","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c803","text":"The act of counting citations abstracts from the substantive information in the scholarly literature based on the formal relationships among references and citations.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"citation counting and substantive information","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The act of\ncounting citations abstracts from the substantive information in the scholarly literature based on the\nformal relationships among references and citations.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c804","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/8d29b98e8a6c46db","nativeRecordCid":"a63335be-00b6-4e6c-93cc-b20f8504ce80","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c804","text":"Many forms of peer review cannot be replaced by bibliometric indicators, particularly where research has not yet been published or in many other instances where substantive judgment is required.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"limits of bibliometric indicators replacing peer review","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"By definition, many forms of peer review cannot\nbe replaced by bibliometric indicators. This is clearly the case where the research has not yet been\npublished, but in many other instances where substantive judgment is required.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c805","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/6e37735ae27c4861","nativeRecordCid":"e347f7db-471b-46f6-b67d-8d3a01ff7ab1","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c805","text":"Informed peer review is defined as the idea that the judicious application of specific bibliometric data and indicators may inform the process of peer review, depending on the exact goal and context of the assessment.","kind":"definitional","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"definition of informed peer review","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"This has given rise to the concept of informed peer review: the idea that the judicious application of\nspecific bibliometric data and indicators may inform the process of peer review, depending on the\nexact goal and context of the assessment.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c806","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/52612bf0b75840db","nativeRecordCid":"07d7f150-3cda-4a42-a950-ab392c963cba","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c806","text":"Informed peer review is in principle relevant for all types of peer review and at all levels of aggregation.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"scope of informed peer review","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Informed peer review is in principle relevant for all types of\npeer review and at all levels of aggregation.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c807","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/a25775254e1a413f","nativeRecordCid":"8d88538c-61eb-4a0b-94d5-d791c7ef9360","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c807","text":"The extent to which large-scale research assessment exercises should be based on peer review, whether informed by metrics or not, rather than metrics alone, remains a contested issue in the literature.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"contested basis of large-scale research assessment","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Partly for this reason, the extent to which large-scale\nresearch assessment exercises should be based on peer review (whether informed by metrics or not),\nrather than metrics alone, remains a contested issue in the literature.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c808","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/0902a3e1378940db","nativeRecordCid":"63fa70a9-6836-4bb6-980b-71d91a9bee19","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c808","text":"Future citations of future work are hardly predictable.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"predictability of future citations","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"However, future citations of future work are hardly predictable, and others argue that the impact of\npapers published in the past does not necessarily correlate with that of papers published in the future.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c809","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/cc278284b6c2452c","nativeRecordCid":"e8803742-603a-4521-a147-684e8fdea880","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c809","text":"Informed peer review may be used to provide feedback on the design of new performance indicators.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"informed peer review and indicator design","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Informed peer review may also be used to provide feedback on the design of new performance\nindicators185 and to develop improvements in systems of large-scale peer review.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c810","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/17c45d2365ad4f1d","nativeRecordCid":"d055f744-0b53-4c30-8ca6-dc2f3d03c942","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c810","text":"Informed peer review may be used to develop improvements in systems of large-scale peer review.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"informed peer review and system improvements","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Informed peer review may also be used to provide feedback on the design of new performance\nindicators185 and to develop improvements in systems of large-scale peer review.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c811","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/a24f8f602c02426d","nativeRecordCid":"326f5a48-1509-468f-b326-f167434fa05f","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c811","text":"Informed peer review can be used to increase participation in review processes by non-academic stakeholders, particularly in policy or practice-oriented fields of research.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"informed peer review and stakeholder participation","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Informed peer review can also be used to increase participation in review processes by non-academic\nstakeholders, particularly in policy or practice-oriented fields of research.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c812","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/4536a22d946142e7","nativeRecordCid":"b595d6d1-b4d4-4484-945b-709cbb6ba830","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c812","text":"Much of the literature appears to support the idea of supplementing peer review with bibliometrics, i.e. informed peer review.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"literature support for informed peer review","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Much of the literature appears to support the idea of supplementing peer review by bibliometrics\n(informed peer review), but this concept is yet to be fully operationalised.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c813","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/a926829741134142","nativeRecordCid":"dddb325e-5093-412b-9573-a7b341a14858","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c813","text":"The concept of informed peer review is yet to be fully operationalised.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"operationalisation of informed peer review","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Much of the literature appears to support the idea of supplementing peer review by bibliometrics\n(informed peer review), but this concept is yet to be fully operationalised.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c814","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/401659439e37449a","nativeRecordCid":"f0aecc82-875b-492f-a44e-d8516e7a8a7a","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c814","text":"Bibliometric data may counter specific weaknesses of peer review, such as its selectivity and certain forms of bias.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"bibliometric data countering peer review weaknesses","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Bibliometric data may\ncounter specific weaknesses of peer review (for instance, its selectivity, and certain forms of bias), but\nfurther work would need to be undertaken to decide on the best way forward in specific contexts.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c815","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/feadb5a7cfc346c6","nativeRecordCid":"fe739e26-a9f0-452c-a222-736ff8e4a143","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c815","text":"Further work must be undertaken to decide on the best way forward for using bibliometric data to address peer review's weaknesses in specific contexts.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"","subject":"need for further work on informed peer review","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Bibliometric data may\ncounter specific weaknesses of peer review (for instance, its selectivity, and certain forms of bias), but\nfurther work would need to be undertaken to decide on the best way forward in specific contexts.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c816","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/3ac47e7895494879","nativeRecordCid":"d1e8321e-ba58-4e8b-afe5-8c3914b60cd2","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c816","text":"The 'relevance gap' or 'evaluation gap' is seen as a major shortcoming of the traditional disciplinary peer review systems and practices in an emerging literature.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"relevance/evaluation gap in peer review","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"This topic is part of an emerging literature in which the ‘relevance gap’188 or the ‘evaluation gap’189 is\nseen as a major shortcoming of the traditional disciplinary peer review systems and practices.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c817","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/78b5bd8778d94c76","nativeRecordCid":"b6316442-5dc8-47f8-83c1-04974f5c3245","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c817","text":"Although literature on the relevance gap and evaluation gap is mainly in the area of science policy and higher education studies and not mainly concerned with bibliometrics, it may provide an important theoretical context for further developing concepts of informed peer review and informed expert review.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"relevance/evaluation gap literature as theoretical context","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Although this literature is mainly in the area of science policy and higher education studies and not\nitself mainly concerned with bibliometrics, it may provide an important theoretical context for further\ndeveloping concepts of informed peer review and informed expert review.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c818","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/87c419a72d084b43","nativeRecordCid":"3981cd84-005a-433b-b039-bb8d4832a10f","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c818","text":"The decades of experience among bibliometricians with bibliometric databases, indicators, and deliberations with users of these data and indicators may prove to be useful in a wider sense than has previously been realised.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"value of bibliometricians' experience","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The decades of\nexperience among bibliometricians with bibliometric databases, indicators, and deliberations with\nusers of these data and indicators (sometimes under the flag of ‘validation of bibliometrics’) may\nprove to be useful in a wider sense than has previously been realised.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c819","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/52e6e97746b04bf0","nativeRecordCid":"3482ce9a-a77f-460c-a35d-639b777469c1","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c819","text":"The need for guidance in the use of bibliometric and other performance indicators has increased.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"increased need for guidance on indicator use","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"This development has recently become more pronounced by the increased need for guidance in the\nuse of bibliometric and other performance indicators.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c820","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/d17001fe150247d3","nativeRecordCid":"949f0005-1872-4cbd-8c67-249685f05216","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c820","text":"The availability of bibliometrics has been growing.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"growth in availability of bibliometrics","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"In response to the growing availability of bibliometrics and to concerns about the potential for abuse and\nunintended effects, the bibliometric community started a number of initiatives to initiate principles of\ngood evaluation practices, building on initiatives in the community that started decades ago.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c821","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/fbd34d868fb343ae","nativeRecordCid":"8ea7e57e-4d32-4e55-9618-9c25528a2454","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c821","text":"There are concerns about the potential for abuse and unintended effects of bibliometrics.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"concerns about bibliometrics abuse","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"In response to the growing availability of bibliometrics and to concerns about the potential for abuse and\nunintended effects, the bibliometric community started a number of initiatives to initiate principles of\ngood evaluation practices, building on initiatives in the community that started decades ago.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c822","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/874805e996d24883","nativeRecordCid":"193e34a9-9431-4920-b009-6eb98e808744","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c822","text":"The bibliometric community started a number of initiatives to establish principles of good evaluation practices, building on initiatives in the community that started decades ago.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"bibliometric community's good-practice initiatives","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"In response to the growing availability of bibliometrics and to concerns about the potential for abuse and\nunintended effects, the bibliometric community started a number of initiatives to initiate principles of\ngood evaluation practices, building on initiatives in the community that started decades ago.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c823","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/04be12d457974851","nativeRecordCid":"5bcbfc38-29ca-458c-b067-cb5fe7438460","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c823","text":"There has been an increased role of authors not affiliated with the bibliometric discipline in the bibliometric literature.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"non-bibliometric authors in bibliometric literature","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"A recent analysis of the bibliometric literature\nhas shown an increased role of authors not affiliated within the bibliometric discipline.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c824","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/4335c5b6a5204aab","nativeRecordCid":"ee11e601-a893-41c4-8c45-240f9a9f7b84","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c824","text":"A new body of 'translational bibliometrics' literature to flesh out the concept of informed peer review may emerge from these initiatives.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"emergence of translational bibliometrics literature","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Perhaps a new body of ‘translational bibliometrics’ literature to flesh out the concept of informed peer\nreview will emerge from these initiatives.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c825","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/9ee056280f3249d3","nativeRecordCid":"00c63313-b4ee-48a9-a15e-a5a2f20a45d9","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c825","text":"Altmetrics are still emergent.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"maturity of altmetrics","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"As altmetrics are still emergent, understandings of their potential use (and abuse) remains nascent.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c826","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/e12e5f46f2d44511","nativeRecordCid":"5d6ce8bf-8525-4fcf-a9d8-3ffbc8175e76","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c826","text":"Understandings of the potential use and abuse of altmetrics remain nascent.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"understanding of altmetrics use and abuse","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"As altmetrics are still emergent, understandings of their potential use (and abuse) remains nascent.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c827","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/868b423d6e7b4df9","nativeRecordCid":"fff37567-3c5e-4f5a-b1a3-928825da5145","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c827","text":"The emergence of DORA in 2013 is encouraging.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"DORA's emergence","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The emergence of DORA in 2013 is encouraging and demonstrates that more people are likely to be\nthinking about these issues.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c828","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/708e6bff5e3c4822","nativeRecordCid":"ca72f76d-5df3-4eaa-854e-f5997d803b6f","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c828","text":"The emergence of DORA demonstrates that more people are likely to be thinking about issues of altmetric gaming and abuse.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"DORA and awareness of altmetric issues","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The emergence of DORA in 2013 is encouraging and demonstrates that more people are likely to be\nthinking about these issues.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c829","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/3c41246499094d83","nativeRecordCid":"4d447621-7137-48c5-b84a-ab6a9a15f019","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c829","text":"More work must be done to prevent gaming of altmetrics as this area develops.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"","subject":"need for further work on altmetrics gaming","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Some suggestions to prevent gaming have been provided by Mike Thelwall193 amongst others,194 but\nmore work would needs to be done as this area develops.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c830","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/44ed96cd1c3742fe","nativeRecordCid":"9d02ec3d-2d8a-4433-8d10-b980696cecd7","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c830","text":"NISO, through its Alternative Assessment Metrics Initiative, is doing valuable work to identify and advance standards for altmetrics.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"NISO's work on altmetric standards","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Through its Alterative Assessment Metrics Initiative, NISO is also doing valuable work to identify\nand advance standards for altmetrics, and to develop assessment criteria for non-traditional research\noutputs, such as data sets, visualizations and software.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c831","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/343d350404d0420e","nativeRecordCid":"1b3b7342-5716-4576-97f9-c7905462804b","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c831","text":"NISO, through its Alternative Assessment Metrics Initiative, is doing valuable work to develop assessment criteria for non-traditional research outputs, such as data sets, visualizations and software.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"NISO's work on non-traditional output criteria","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Through its Alterative Assessment Metrics Initiative, NISO is also doing valuable work to identify\nand advance standards for altmetrics, and to develop assessment criteria for non-traditional research\noutputs, such as data sets, visualizations and software.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c832","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/567ffc95d17d474a","nativeRecordCid":"4eb8c0ad-be6e-4ec8-80ee-36e44a83fd6c","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c832","text":"Understanding factors that may lead to a greater likelihood of gaming is important.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"","subject":"understanding gaming risk factors","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"NISO’s initiative emphasises the importance of understanding factors that may lead to the greater likelihood of\ngaming and also the need for further research into improving data quality.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c833","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/a05b18f64ed7409a","nativeRecordCid":"be605578-75c1-4879-b10c-30e7a6e23e13","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c833","text":"Further research into improving data quality is needed.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"","subject":"research into data quality","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"NISO’s initiative emphasises the importance of understanding factors that may lead to the greater likelihood of\ngaming and also the need for further research into improving data quality.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c834","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/ac77a1cdd4ab416d","nativeRecordCid":"eaf6e9d9-8419-40fb-bb36-e728ff1840b4","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c834","text":"Pressures on universities to be more accountable to government and public funders of research have intensified over the past twenty years.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"pressures on universities for accountability","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Over the past twenty years, pressures on universities to be more accountable to government and\npublic funders of research have intensified.","representedInStars":false}
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{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c839","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/c94c444ee5334d90","nativeRecordCid":"4267e90f-4365-41df-b5d3-8553b77d572b","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c839","text":"In the UK, university finances and resources are more strategically and professionally managed.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"UK university finances and resources","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"In the UK, university finances and resources are more strategically and\nprofessionally managed,198 and vice-chancellors are increasingly seen as chief executive officers.199","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c840","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/7665f20161064b4f","nativeRecordCid":"b67855e6-ebaa-4588-b8d7-cb979681f7b9","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c840","text":"Vice-chancellors are increasingly seen as chief executive officers.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"vice-chancellors","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"In the UK, university finances and resources are more strategically and\nprofessionally managed,198 and vice-chancellors are increasingly seen as chief executive officers.199","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c841","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/5a596735ee2b4f82","nativeRecordCid":"68f96d21-d4f3-4aec-baa0-39ad73c346e4","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c841","text":"Greater competition for scarce resources, coupled with the positioning of metrics, is steering academic institutions and their researchers towards being more market-oriented.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"academic institutions and researchers","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Coupled with greater competition for scarce resources more broadly, this is steering academic institutions and their researchers towards being\nmore market-oriented.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c842","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/8b91332c48114b96","nativeRecordCid":"325ca661-4c22-41a3-a78b-b3f7e66fd7fb","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c842","text":"Metrics are often positioned as tools that can drive organisational financial performance as part of an institution's competitiveness.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"metrics as management tools","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Within this cultural shift, metrics are often positioned as tools that can drive organisational financial\nperformance as part of an institution’s competitiveness.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c843","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/2cc0ff986f784a53","nativeRecordCid":"1f61de69-3e63-4f4d-bfe0-611358bdb8f9","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c843","text":"UK higher education is a significant export industry.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"UK higher education","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"These tendencies are strengthened by the fact that UK higher education is a significant export industry","representedInStars":false}
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{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c845","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/78f05173b2e44565","nativeRecordCid":"ed70e1da-0ae1-40a8-9e16-f338abb02d20","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c845","text":"Performance metrics stimulate student demand in UK higher education.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"performance metrics","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"whose strengths are neatly captured in impressive performance metrics that justify continued\ninvestment and stimulate student demand.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c846","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/ee290c7153fb46c7","nativeRecordCid":"d5c91238-c7c0-4a14-ac41-94159afe8482","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c846","text":"Researchers contribute to an emergent performance culture that is dependent on journal impact factors and h-indices.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"researchers","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"researchers contribute to an emergent performance culture that is dependent on JIFs and h-indices;","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c847","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/66ee99cab21941ca","nativeRecordCid":"5b1bcbab-bd45-4fca-a3aa-10c34449c386","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c847","text":"Vice-chancellors and research managers analyse indicators to report to government and to inform institutional strategy.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"vice-chancellors and research managers","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"vice-chancellors and research managers are analysing\nindicators to report to government and to inform institutional strategy;","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c848","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/c9e682a71ae14345","nativeRecordCid":"936d2617-d91a-491a-b44c-c94f03fe53a2","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c848","text":"Students are turning increasingly to information from public and private sources to guide their choices of degree programme.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"students","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"students are turning more\nand more to information from public and private sources (league tables, the National Student Survey and\nthe new Key Information Set being prominent examples) to guide their choices of degree programme.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c849","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/30f08f8abb37487e","nativeRecordCid":"f30f456b-ab03-4fac-9a47-63fa93789f70","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c849","text":"Pressures to incorporate metrics into research assessment within universities may have originated in response to external forces such as government policy, constrained funding and globalisation.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"pressures to incorporate metrics","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The pressures to incorporate metrics into research assessment within universities may have originated\nin response to external forces – government policy, constrained funding and globalisation – but they\nhave also assumed an internal life and dynamic within institutions.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c850","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/bdb5aa941e9049f2","nativeRecordCid":"d6412f7d-cd6d-45ae-a2fb-e783bda82bec","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c850","text":"Pressures to incorporate metrics into research assessment within universities have also assumed an internal life and dynamic within institutions.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"pressures to incorporate metrics","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The pressures to incorporate metrics into research assessment within universities may have originated\nin response to external forces – government policy, constrained funding and globalisation – but they\nhave also assumed an internal life and dynamic within institutions.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c851","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/4e793b3dd28f4192","nativeRecordCid":"721c1cbc-d283-4a86-a010-625011771d50","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c851","text":"Some information-gathering exercises at universities are voluntary, while others are the result of policy requirements or are motivated by the need to compete, for example for students.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"information-gathering exercises","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Some information-gathering\nexercises are voluntary, while others are the result of policy requirements or are motivated by the need\nto compete e.g. for students.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c852","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/ffa7f3d298324b17","nativeRecordCid":"d96872ea-a23d-4a84-a227-dacdc850b452","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c852","text":"Within HEIs, the target users of research assessment information include governing bodies or councils.","kind":"definitional","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"target users of assessment information","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Within HEIs themselves (the focus of this chapter), the target users can be broken into three sub-sets,\nreflecting different tiers of management: (1) governing bodies or councils; (2) executives and\nuniversity-level managers; (3) research groupings within universities (e.g. faculty and departmental\nheads).","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c853","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/153e0f8321934049","nativeRecordCid":"f3355352-b1c2-4885-a7c3-892a1f2a79fa","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c853","text":"Within HEIs, the target users of research assessment information include executives and university-level managers.","kind":"definitional","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"target users of assessment information","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Within HEIs themselves (the focus of this chapter), the target users can be broken into three sub-sets,\nreflecting different tiers of management: (1) governing bodies or councils; (2) executives and\nuniversity-level managers; (3) research groupings within universities (e.g. faculty and departmental\nheads).","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c854","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/3be0cad9a70d4388","nativeRecordCid":"e0f2160e-5109-4ea0-ac35-d2a8f105aa1f","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c854","text":"Within HEIs, the target users of research assessment information include research groupings within universities.","kind":"definitional","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"target users of assessment information","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Within HEIs themselves (the focus of this chapter), the target users can be broken into three sub-sets,\nreflecting different tiers of management: (1) governing bodies or councils; (2) executives and\nuniversity-level managers; (3) research groupings within universities (e.g. faculty and departmental\nheads).","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c855","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/445eb34ffb85426d","nativeRecordCid":"ddfaf71f-2af1-408e-953f-21a565be9e36","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c855","text":"Governing bodies, executives, and research groupings within HEIs have extensive and overlapping needs for assessment information to underpin policy and planning, strategy-setting, investor confidence, quality assurance, publicity, student and academic recruitment, and benchmarking.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"HEI sub-groups' need for assessment info","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"These sub-groups have extensive and overlapping needs for assessment information to underpin policy\nand planning, strategy-setting, investor confidence, quality assurance, publicity, student and academic\nrecruitment, and benchmarking.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c856","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/f8690c1993204516","nativeRecordCid":"5b191f93-79fa-4da5-a04b-9bc744f2b864","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c856","text":"HEIs are turning to various forms of metrics to characterise institutional performance, including in research, to meet their information needs.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"HEIs' use of metrics","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"To meet these information needs HEIs are turning to various forms of metrics to characterise\ninstitutional performance, including in research.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c857","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/3c58d532a83d49c7","nativeRecordCid":"a17953ad-846b-4ffe-aea4-b63eef792618","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c857","text":"The types and sources of metrics used by HEIs are diverse.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"types and sources of metrics","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The types and sources of such metrics are diverse203\nand practices at different institutions vary considerably.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c858","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/c10510a62fe14c3a","nativeRecordCid":"95ef55a0-68ff-448a-b22a-650f7c2a4209","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c858","text":"Metrics practices at different institutions vary considerably.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"metrics practices","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The types and sources of such metrics are diverse203\nand practices at different institutions vary considerably.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c859","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/d574360a81d94760","nativeRecordCid":"93b98ad4-1dfc-46b3-9840-e93942e28eff","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c859","text":"HEI metrics datasets are collected through various means, often including internal and external sources.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"HEI metrics datasets","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"These various datasets, or in most HEIs subsets thereof, are collected through various means,\noften including internal and external sources.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c860","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/7e70882717d04462","nativeRecordCid":"8b22b0e4-7cae-458e-b68d-8db751d8a728","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c860","text":"Citation counts tend to be collected from external databases such as Scopus, Web of Science or Google Scholar.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"citation counts","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"For example citation counts tend to be collected\nfrom external databases such as Scopus, Web of Science or Google Scholar.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c861","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/61e5a6d1ff954bb9","nativeRecordCid":"bafe5500-afe8-454a-89de-2010ea007030","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c861","text":"In external databases, the association of author with HEI tends not to be robust.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"author-HEI association in external databases","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"However in\nexternal databases, the association of author with HEI tends not to be robust.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c862","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/0f4a8f9817894183","nativeRecordCid":"4059eec3-e15d-48e4-a7d8-7675332edc36","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c862","text":"HEIs normally combine their own staff lists with externally sourced citation data to get the most accurate picture of the institutional citation position.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"HEIs' combination of staff lists and citation data","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"HEIs normally\ncombine their own staff lists with externally sourced citation data to get the most accurate","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c863","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/122680cf1f794c5b","nativeRecordCid":"c34a3e44-491a-4145-a2c6-4b6bc7351b32","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c863","text":"A mismatch between an externally available institutional citation position and the institution's own citation position creates a problem for benchmarking.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"mismatch in institutional citation position","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"This however creates a problem for benchmarking: if an externally available institutional\ncitation position does not match the one that the institution itself creates then the externally\navailable benchmark data must also be called into question.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c864","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/7f75802839f246f6","nativeRecordCid":"ab5f9f59-e60c-4284-9574-65c6f1933bd3","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c864","text":"There has been a recent increase in the number of CRISs.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"number of CRISs","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"To help address this situation there\nhas been a recent increase in the number of CRISs which have the potential to produce and\nshare benchmark data.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c865","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/e81ef116ee5a4152","nativeRecordCid":"40120d64-f48e-47de-bd9e-1231bb7f00b5","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c865","text":"CRISs have the potential to produce and share benchmark data.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"CRISs","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"To help address this situation there\nhas been a recent increase in the number of CRISs which have the potential to produce and\nshare benchmark data.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c866","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/270fab4bc0e0458d","nativeRecordCid":"48e620a2-20b9-4163-baa8-4d04c6f51a52","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c866","text":"Governing bodies or councils tend to be interested in institutional level compound metrics either over time or relative to comparator institutions, or both.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"governing bodies or councils","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"(1) Governing bodies or councils tend to be interested in institutional level compound\nmetrics either over time or relative to comparator institutions, or both.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c867","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/fb090b16857243cf","nativeRecordCid":"44173869-712c-4ea4-bb81-c015d5682461","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c867","text":"Executives and university-level managers are more likely to drill down into the components of league tables, looking for areas of poor performance compared to benchmark institutions.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"executives and university-level managers","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"(2) Executives and university-level managers are more likely to drill down into the\ncomponents of the league tables, looking for areas of poor performance compared to\nbenchmark institutions, for example weak citation counts, or external research income, or\ninternational faculty mix.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c868","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/4c8ffef1de864d65","nativeRecordCid":"e829a18c-b025-4b91-a983-1b12e02b9df3","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c868","text":"League table component information is likely to feed into strategic investment decisions.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"league table component information","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"This information is likely to feed into strategic investment\ndecisions and institutional culture development, for example encouraging publication in\nhigher profile outlets, or incentivising external research bids, or actively trying to recruit\ninternational faculty;","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c869","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/45d5ba46bb284ca8","nativeRecordCid":"7d05c47f-0333-4f04-9c7c-aa545cd12050","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c869","text":"League table component information is likely to feed into institutional culture development.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"league table component information","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"This information is likely to feed into strategic investment\ndecisions and institutional culture development, for example encouraging publication in\nhigher profile outlets, or incentivising external research bids, or actively trying to recruit\ninternational faculty;","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c870","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/3ed387cbbfc140ac","nativeRecordCid":"2c04618c-b5f1-4252-9379-3026bff886a3","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c870","text":"In a more devolved scenario, a research group may develop its own research strategy.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"research group's own strategy","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"In\na more devolved scenario, a research group may develop their own research strategy and\njust having the metrics visible to colleagues can act as a reminder as to where efforts\nmight be focused.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c871","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/719630bb507f423a","nativeRecordCid":"2320547c-e7f4-435a-bf3d-92075b7963f4","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c871","text":"Having metrics visible to colleagues can act as a reminder of where research efforts should be focused.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"metrics visible to colleagues","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"In\na more devolved scenario, a research group may develop their own research strategy and\njust having the metrics visible to colleagues can act as a reminder as to where efforts\nmight be focused.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c872","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/30ab814573fb471d","nativeRecordCid":"425dfa2e-92aa-469f-8df2-3d0bc0714cf4","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c872","text":"Research groupings within universities may have targets set by the centre in terms of metrics.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"research groupings within universities","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"(3) Research groupings within universities may have targets set by the centre in terms\nof metrics and wish to be able to track (demonstrate) their progress towards them.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c873","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/4947d8defe704a97","nativeRecordCid":"830f025c-a98f-4d19-8b20-89617a341b7a","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c873","text":"Research groupings within universities wish to be able to track their progress towards their centre-set metrics targets.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"research groupings within universities","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"(3) Research groupings within universities may have targets set by the centre in terms\nof metrics and wish to be able to track (demonstrate) their progress towards them.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c874","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/c8b212c0095e41f1","nativeRecordCid":"847ee698-e964-46c3-be97-9599b492d095","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c874","text":"The needs of governing bodies, executives, and research groupings for assessment information are overlapping.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"needs for assessment information","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"All of these needs are of course overlapping, and hopefully complimentary.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c875","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/511a84bef587448b","nativeRecordCid":"7b096ba3-d6a6-471a-8b65-186ac6d9a0c9","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c875","text":"The needs of governing bodies, executives, and research groupings for assessment information are complementary.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"needs for assessment information","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"All of these needs are of course overlapping, and hopefully complimentary.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c876","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/77c57838bca34f2a","nativeRecordCid":"8eae23d5-fc32-423e-879d-91661c81d0f4","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c876","text":"In the UK there are pressures for research managers to provide additional information to help inform strategic decisions.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"research managers in the UK","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Specifically in the\nUK there are pressures for research managers to provide additional information to help inform\nstrategic decisions.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c877","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/45d9a2179e084639","nativeRecordCid":"4e1dc68e-0a56-4337-ae55-89902c763182","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c877","text":"There is a growing trend to include metrics in institutional decision-making processes to make them as evidence-based as possible.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"use of metrics in decision-making","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"There is no suggestion that metrics should be used in isolation but there is\na growing trend to include them in order to make the decision-making process as evidence-\nbased as possible.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c878","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/104167fd37b04e4d","nativeRecordCid":"655aa04a-9a93-43db-a176-d75fe3e0cd82","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c878","text":"Having up-to-date and accurate research information allows institutions to meet the various requirements of funders, such as publication-funder acknowledgement and reporting, open access, and impact.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"up-to-date accurate research information","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Having up to date and accurate research information also allows institutions\nto meet the various requirements of funders with regard to issues such as publication-funder\nacknowledgement and reporting, open access, and of course impact, academic and otherwise.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c879","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/1feba6b89cf745b1","nativeRecordCid":"d9517de8-6e35-46d3-b403-097bc995da83","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c879","text":"A number of players have emerged to provide platforms, research information systems, and data collection and analysis services to support institutional research management and metrics-driven decision making.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"commercial platform providers","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Within this context, a number of players have emerged to provide platforms, research information\nsystems and data collection and analysis services to support institutional research management and\nmetrics-driven decision making; some examples are provided in Section 2.4.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c880","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/0aa74d3ae5164137","nativeRecordCid":"ce27ced0-e458-4cfd-be3f-0b5181897ec9","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c880","text":"Commercial platform solutions are complemented by the emergence of free services such as Google Scholar and Microsoft Academic Search, providing alternatives and competition within the marketplace.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"commercial platform solutions","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Commercial solutions such as these are complemented – and\nperhaps challenged – by the emergence of free services such as Google Scholar and Microsoft\nAcademic Search, providing alternatives and competition within this growing marketplace.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c881","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/d498297bdca64367","nativeRecordCid":"dd705af5-32c6-40c1-813a-9e2498c70f7d","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c881","text":"Commercial platform solutions are perhaps challenged by the emergence of free services such as Google Scholar and Microsoft Academic Search.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"commercial platform solutions","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Commercial solutions such as these are complemented – and\nperhaps challenged – by the emergence of free services such as Google Scholar and Microsoft\nAcademic Search, providing alternatives and competition within this growing marketplace.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c882","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/c26e59c9489f460d","nativeRecordCid":"000bba25-ffc3-453a-afe2-8a5428fcd647","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c882","text":"Taken together, research information and data collection services increasingly allow institutions to benchmark themselves against others in a number of performance dimensions.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"research information and data services","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Taken together, these services increasingly allow institutions to benchmark themselves against others\nin a number of performance dimensions.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c883","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/60b3ad5b9ca8477c","nativeRecordCid":"caf84ead-61b8-48a8-b527-375e53354bc7","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c883","text":"At the local level, approaches and methodologies for institutional benchmarking appear to differ considerably between institutions.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"benchmarking approaches and methodologies","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"At the local level, approaches and methodologies appear to\ndiffer considerably, with no one tool or approach being universally adopted.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c884","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/7425eaab7b894470","nativeRecordCid":"b0110aaa-e47c-48af-8554-25d4ca2d4033","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c884","text":"No one benchmarking tool or approach is universally adopted across institutions.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"benchmarking tools and approaches","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"At the local level, approaches and methodologies appear to\ndiffer considerably, with no one tool or approach being universally adopted.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c885","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/12f3f409cce34350","nativeRecordCid":"b5bd852b-ffa6-4a8f-ba00-e9475615b0e5","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c885","text":"There are natural limits to the ability of institutions to assess relative performance against increasingly contested benchmarks.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"institutions' ability to assess relative performance","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"There are therefore\nnatural limits to the ability of institutions to assess relative performance against what are increasingly\ncontested benchmarks.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c886","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/414a9ca7911c42ef","nativeRecordCid":"00d72282-f5f7-4d85-8938-2656b789d685","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c886","text":"Institutions have increasingly come to rely on off-the-shelf commercial solutions in the face of a complex information collection regime.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"institutions' reliance on commercial solutions","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Faced with a complex information collection regime (as described by the Higher Education Data &\nInformation Improvement Programme, HEDIIP205), it is perhaps not surprising that institutions have\nincreasingly come to rely on off-the-shelf commercial solutions, which has raised the question about\nwhether there are risks to the information infrastructure within institutions becoming dominated by\ncommercial providers.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c887","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/97364c4dff074647","nativeRecordCid":"46f3e57c-2d80-48ce-9694-484fcfae884b","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c887","text":"There is a risk that the information infrastructure within institutions could become dominated by commercial providers.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"institutional information infrastructure","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Faced with a complex information collection regime (as described by the Higher Education Data &\nInformation Improvement Programme, HEDIIP205), it is perhaps not surprising that institutions have\nincreasingly come to rely on off-the-shelf commercial solutions, which has raised the question about\nwhether there are risks to the information infrastructure within institutions becoming dominated by\ncommercial providers.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c888","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/807c9545ad8c4400","nativeRecordCid":"61a9ed5e-cfcf-43a0-b17d-243016439ecd","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c888","text":"The growing need for open technologies and standards has risen up the agendas of institutions, public research funders and information professionals.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"need for open technologies and standards","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Partly driven by this, and partly by the need for greater consistency and\ntransparency, the growing need for open technologies and standards has risen up the agendas of\ninstitutions, public research funders and information professionals.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c889","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/23696ba3d9a24522","nativeRecordCid":"72b5a204-1330-49e2-a223-ea30e91010e4","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c889","text":"Moves towards open scholarly infrastructures and standards have been taking place for many years.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"open scholarly infrastructures and standards","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"This is not a new debate – moves towards open scholarly infrastructures and\nstandards have been taking place for many years (the emergence of NISO standards being one of the\nmore visible examples)","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c890","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/66da29005503464b","nativeRecordCid":"14b1ff73-d66e-4239-b994-61581a9b533f","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c890","text":"The increasing adoption of metrics and the growing role of commercial or proprietary systems have brought the issue of open scholarly infrastructures and standards to the fore.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"adoption of metrics and commercial systems","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"but the increasing adoption of metrics and the growing role of commercial or proprietary systems in\nthis space has brought the issue to the fore.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c891","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/e003a08429c54db4","nativeRecordCid":"6f209289-6d57-42b6-946c-754a8f8f3fb2","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c891","text":"The greater interest in and drive towards data-driven decision-making has led to the burgeoning influence of league tables and rankings that compare universities on the basis of a variety of indicators.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"league tables and rankings","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"One of the most obvious outcomes of the greater interest in and drive towards data-driven decision-\nmaking is the burgeoning influence of league tables and rankings which compare universities on the\nbasis of a variety of indicators, some of which are linked to research.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c892","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/7901e4fc9ba64f81","nativeRecordCid":"2832c2f8-fca1-457e-94dd-5353b5d3c7bd","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c892","text":"Some HEIs effectively outsource crucial aspects of performance management to league table providers by incorporating their rank position as a specific organisational target.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"HEIs' outsourcing of performance management","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Some HEIs effectively outsource crucial aspects of performance management to league table providers, by\nincorporating their rank position as a specific organisational target.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c893","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/384601bade8c47fa","nativeRecordCid":"80b06378-18a6-4a93-b4e0-9471fb7b262c","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c893","text":"Even when ranking criteria are made public, they underline the problematic way in which these metrics are being used.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"ranking criteria","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"However, even when criteria are made public, they underline the problematic way in which these\ntypes of metric are being used (see below).","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c894","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/d62bb763b5de4f60","nativeRecordCid":"dd12a336-2d37-4ba1-9beb-89769deedc9b","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c894","text":"Institutions, mostly outside the UK, incentivise behaviour to influence their position in specific league tables.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"institutions incentivising league table position","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"There are also examples of institutions (mostly outside the UK) incentivising behaviour to influence their\nposition in specific league tables, for example by offering financial rewards to researchers for\npublication in Nature and Science, or awarding nominal ‘visiting faculty’ status to highly cited\nresearchers from universities in other countries.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c895","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/0feff10ee1aa4d0e","nativeRecordCid":"33225b56-db26-41b2-970b-0721895a23b6","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c895","text":"Other institutions link vice-chancellor and senior management remuneration and bonuses to league table results.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"institutions linking remuneration to league tables","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Other institutions link VC and senior management remuneration and\nbonuses to league table results.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c896","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/88696d60ea044c8c","nativeRecordCid":"644671aa-91d5-4162-a69c-09169df443c0","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c896","text":"University rankings have evolved through four phases of development since 1900, culminating in the emergence of supra-national rankings since 2008.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"evolution of university rankings","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Ellen Hazelkorn210 has given a comprehensive description and analysis of university rankings,\nincluding describing their evolution in relation to four phases of development (since 1900),\nculminating in the emergence of supra-national rankings since 2008.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c897","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/8fe6f03bc755419c","nativeRecordCid":"7036e221-1927-4203-8960-8285342c4730","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c897","text":"A broad range of users takes notice of university league tables, including students, the public, government and institutions themselves.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"users of league tables","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"A broad range of users takes notice of such league tables, including students, the public, government and\ninstitutions themselves.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c898","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/a2ebcf24cd5f4709","nativeRecordCid":"5d138193-cb48-4c2c-bc5b-4d1e93590804","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c898","text":"There are serious concerns around the methods and often arbitrary weightings used to underpin global rankings.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"methods and weightings underpinning global rankings","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The disadvantages of rankings are numerous; in particular, there are serious concerns around the methods\nand often arbitrary weightings used to underpin global rankings, and there is also widespread","representedInStars":false}
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{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c900","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/1c98ddea664447f3","nativeRecordCid":"92e8aac1-75d2-432d-bf29-2e7c4fa641e0","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c900","text":"A common standard of comparison among university league tables has yet to emerge, despite league tables appearing to embody international standards.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"university league tables","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The rise of university league tables might be seen as the embodiment of international standards but\neach one is different so in reality a common standard of comparison has yet to emerge.","representedInStars":false}
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{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c902","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/02eb2ea3a81d4fa0","nativeRecordCid":"0a9e445d-67b4-4868-b672-2295c1ffa130","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c902","text":"The aggregate scores of league tables suffer from the same problems as all composite indicators, in that their meaning or value is not clear.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"aggregate scores of league tables","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The aggregate scores suffer from the same problems of all composite\nindicators in that their meaning or value is not clear.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c903","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/761a71d6ff41473c","nativeRecordCid":"e70601ec-1992-4355-ba77-d0350a786d3b","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c903","text":"No effort is made to estimate errors in league table rankings.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"errors in league table rankings","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Also, no effort is made to estimate errors and,\nwith rare exceptions,213 there is no clear acknowledgement that they might exist.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c904","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/09070a4253b64b35","nativeRecordCid":"3fd71a98-494c-4bed-b0e0-dca08e46865d","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c904","text":"With rare exceptions, there is no clear acknowledgement that errors might exist in league table rankings.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"errors in league table rankings","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Also, no effort is made to estimate errors and,\nwith rare exceptions,213 there is no clear acknowledgement that they might exist.","representedInStars":false}
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{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c906","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/2a3b1c0695024d6c","nativeRecordCid":"981d67b8-246f-42a3-acab-556d5247821c","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c906","text":"Rankings assume degrees of objectivity, authority and precision that are not yet possible to achieve in practice.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"university rankings","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Rankings assume degrees of objectivity,\nauthority and precision that are not yet possible to achieve in practice, and to date have not been\nproperly justified by vendors.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c907","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/7c90b04bd61a4ab6","nativeRecordCid":"ba001f2b-c672-4cd5-b05f-adbba9909ceb","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c907","text":"Rankings have not to date been properly justified by vendors.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"university rankings","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Rankings assume degrees of objectivity,\nauthority and precision that are not yet possible to achieve in practice, and to date have not been\nproperly justified by vendors.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c908","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/dad156fe1a844ce7","nativeRecordCid":"95ee34f5-1450-4cd5-b78a-4ffe8f4238eb","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c908","text":"Times Higher Education should be commended for its current moves towards greater transparency and openness in the indicators used to rank universities.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"","subject":"Times Higher Education's ranking transparency","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"In this context, the Times Higher Education should be commended for their current moves towards greater transparency\nand openness in terms of the indicators used to rank universities.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c909","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/add5c39af85a4bd0","nativeRecordCid":"78ed0656-e401-45f1-9310-72215926304b","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c909","text":"It is unclear how familiar users within university management are with ranking methodologies even when these are made available.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"familiarity with ranking methodologies","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"However, it is not clear how familiar users within\nuniversity management are with methodologies when they are made available.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c910","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/34821203b8d84e5b","nativeRecordCid":"8c751f51-9a85-45d9-80d1-2e8caab492a5","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c910","text":"Methodological details are rarely mentioned in Times Higher Education news stories built on the league tables.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"Times Higher Education news stories on rankings","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The methodological details are rarely\nmentioned in Times Higher Education news stories built on the league tables’ transparency, for instance.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c911","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/d4e8909a64914c27","nativeRecordCid":"c3456472-f470-467a-aaa2-845f4bdc635c","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c911","text":"Comparisons based on aggregate ranking scores are hard to justify when the scores show statistically insignificant differences.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"aggregate ranking score comparisons","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Such comparisons are hard to justify when\naggregate scores show statistically insignificant differences","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c912","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/fe01b77247dd4991","nativeRecordCid":"d551fe04-c7b0-493a-a8e1-6f0eeca20051","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c912","text":"Over-emphasis on a small set of ranking indicators risks encouraging perverse behaviour within and across institutions.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"ranking indicators","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"an over-emphasis on a small set\nof indicators risks encouraging perverse behaviour within and across institutions.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c913","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/55b2a3f83e324c64","nativeRecordCid":"1732b344-4511-4a29-8c7b-e5cb88e4c3f1","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c913","text":"Comparisons between institutions may lead to an unhelpful focus on the 'top' universities worldwide.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"institutional comparisons","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Comparisons\nbetween institutions may lead to an unhelpful focus on the ‘top’ universities worldwide and foster a\nnarrow definition of excellence;","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c914","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/384b65d656cb4e97","nativeRecordCid":"82cd8045-98a4-44ab-abe8-634f1ccdf98e","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c914","text":"Comparisons between institutions may foster a narrow definition of excellence.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"institutional comparisons","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Comparisons\nbetween institutions may lead to an unhelpful focus on the ‘top’ universities worldwide and foster a\nnarrow definition of excellence;","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c915","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/78685bdf53ea4a3e","nativeRecordCid":"b0424df9-ca4e-44e1-959f-60aba99eceb1","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c915","text":"A narrow focus on top universities in comparisons is not likely to be relevant to the institutional goals of universities.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"focus on top universities","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"such a focus is not likely to be relevant to the institutional goals of\nuniversities, where the balance of research and teaching, the geographical focus and disciplinary\ndistinctiveness may vary considerably.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c916","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/a87685fdb87a443b","nativeRecordCid":"34503749-d54b-4f4b-b4f9-32c2ca03ea82","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c916","text":"The balance of research and teaching, the geographical focus, and disciplinary distinctiveness may vary considerably across universities.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"universities' institutional characteristics","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"such a focus is not likely to be relevant to the institutional goals of\nuniversities, where the balance of research and teaching, the geographical focus and disciplinary\ndistinctiveness may vary considerably.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c917","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/28c2c418d3874377","nativeRecordCid":"d3dde857-bbcb-4708-b42a-267f609245a2","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c917","text":"Rankings tend to rely on certain bibliometric and citation databases, such as Scopus or WoS.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"rankings' reliance on citation databases","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"In fact, one of the specific concerns associated with rankings is\ntheir tendency to rely on certain bibliometric and citation databases, such as Scopus or WoS, which,\nas discussed in Chapter 3, benefit or disadvantage certain disciplines and types of research, ignoring\nthe important role that distinctiveness can play in an institution’s research and teaching missions.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c918","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/75705fb1111a405e","nativeRecordCid":"2b1226e5-697f-417f-b2da-65a159339207","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c918","text":"Citation databases such as Scopus or WoS benefit or disadvantage certain disciplines and types of research.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"citation databases","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"In fact, one of the specific concerns associated with rankings is\ntheir tendency to rely on certain bibliometric and citation databases, such as Scopus or WoS, which,\nas discussed in Chapter 3, benefit or disadvantage certain disciplines and types of research, ignoring\nthe important role that distinctiveness can play in an institution’s research and teaching missions.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c919","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/7e8bcd4d76fd4762","nativeRecordCid":"4f8d94cb-5deb-4457-9bb5-fd10cb2239d9","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c919","text":"Distinctiveness can play an important role in an institution's research and teaching missions.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"institutional distinctiveness","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"In fact, one of the specific concerns associated with rankings is\ntheir tendency to rely on certain bibliometric and citation databases, such as Scopus or WoS, which,\nas discussed in Chapter 3, benefit or disadvantage certain disciplines and types of research, ignoring\nthe important role that distinctiveness can play in an institution’s research and teaching missions.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c920","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/1a45239562c4444c","nativeRecordCid":"0f4f2570-2f1d-4633-bf6a-8f91c66bb098","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c920","text":"All current university rankings remain problematic to varying degrees.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"university rankings","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"All current rankings remain problematic to varying degrees, and further, only a very small percentage\nof the globe’s universities and colleges feature within these listings.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c921","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/bde745280e8c45fb","nativeRecordCid":"74f55b78-d541-4b2d-b404-90de94867af2","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c921","text":"Only a very small percentage of the globe's universities and colleges feature within current rankings.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"university rankings coverage","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"All current rankings remain problematic to varying degrees, and further, only a very small percentage\nof the globe’s universities and colleges feature within these listings.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c922","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/5e8b5a7e3f5342b8","nativeRecordCid":"1b65f9eb-8087-41d7-a341-8ebd66a7ebd6","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c922","text":"It is necessary to continue observing who undertakes university rankings, how, and why.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"","subject":"monitoring of university rankings","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"We need to continue observing\nwho undertakes rankings, how, and why, and to monitor the effects they may have.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c923","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/14910c8cd6274460","nativeRecordCid":"3232b018-924d-46d5-94f7-3980b9e58879","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c923","text":"It is necessary to monitor the effects that university rankings may have.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"","subject":"effects of university rankings","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"We need to continue observing\nwho undertakes rankings, how, and why, and to monitor the effects they may have.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c924","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/9dfda161b5aa4e5e","nativeRecordCid":"53a3e0e4-ba1e-4c16-b5d9-95945af31b5f","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c924","text":"University rankings should be fully transparent.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"","subject":"university rankings","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Furthermore,\nrankings should be fully transparent, and more closely aligned to the sort of information that is of real\nuse to the higher education sector, with clear attempts made to avoid perverse effects.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c925","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/9766ae28a7ec4fb5","nativeRecordCid":"2c194085-b081-4369-aa12-b79d62dfa458","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c925","text":"University rankings should be more closely aligned to the sort of information that is of real use to the higher education sector.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"","subject":"university rankings","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Furthermore,\nrankings should be fully transparent, and more closely aligned to the sort of information that is of real\nuse to the higher education sector, with clear attempts made to avoid perverse effects.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c926","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/c0a6da83cfe24acc","nativeRecordCid":"6f7deb51-b195-454a-849d-eaafc5224ecd","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c926","text":"Clear attempts should be made to avoid perverse effects in university rankings.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"","subject":"university rankings","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Furthermore,\nrankings should be fully transparent, and more closely aligned to the sort of information that is of real\nuse to the higher education sector, with clear attempts made to avoid perverse effects.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c927","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/be2a59eed7f24425","nativeRecordCid":"6cd1a14e-2498-4af3-850d-330256f46b5d","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c927","text":"University rankings command a great deal of attention thanks to vigorous promotion.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"university rankings","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"A key issue with university rankings is that they command a great deal of attention thanks to vigorous\npromotion.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c928","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/ee930a4670694649","nativeRecordCid":"061c7cc6-fd6e-41ab-983e-be5b30d3338f","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c928","text":"International students make choices on the basis of university ranking positions.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"international students","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Furthermore, as many international students made choices on the basis of ranking\npositions, there are strong pressures for HEIs to focus on these metrics.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c929","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/a12110b29389478f","nativeRecordCid":"ebe0ee4c-2f31-44a9-92df-be5977b8c8e7","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c929","text":"HEIs face strong pressures to focus on ranking metrics.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"HEIs","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Furthermore, as many international students made choices on the basis of ranking\npositions, there are strong pressures for HEIs to focus on these metrics.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c930","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/4c13e6f566974d29","nativeRecordCid":"c433defe-1460-4baf-bdd4-1deff8c4fdc2","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c930","text":"There is competition between vendors in the university ranking sector.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"university ranking vendors","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Although there is competition between vendors in this sector, the extant products are all vulnerable to\nHazelkorn’s critique and valid alternatives have yet to emerge: their use takes place partly due to the\nabsence of alternatives.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c931","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/fc8c9fbf9426481b","nativeRecordCid":"1769bf8c-083f-423a-805e-1659655dc80c","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c931","text":"Current university ranking products are all vulnerable to Hazelkorn's critique.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"university ranking products","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Although there is competition between vendors in this sector, the extant products are all vulnerable to\nHazelkorn’s critique and valid alternatives have yet to emerge: their use takes place partly due to the\nabsence of alternatives.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c932","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/41ef2d2d13e2473d","nativeRecordCid":"8b02af49-c338-4b65-a500-6b9e88dfc6cb","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c932","text":"Valid alternatives to current university ranking products have yet to emerge.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"university ranking products","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Although there is competition between vendors in this sector, the extant products are all vulnerable to\nHazelkorn’s critique and valid alternatives have yet to emerge: their use takes place partly due to the\nabsence of alternatives.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c933","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/982df46d255c4bfa","nativeRecordCid":"a15eaf31-72c7-48a5-ad10-20404b00ab3a","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c933","text":"The continued use of current university ranking products takes place partly due to the absence of valid alternatives.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"university ranking products","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Although there is competition between vendors in this sector, the extant products are all vulnerable to\nHazelkorn’s critique and valid alternatives have yet to emerge: their use takes place partly due to the\nabsence of alternatives.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c934","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/8a8f10128c654117","nativeRecordCid":"1c5c793d-1972-457f-9231-4fcc10de54e2","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c934","text":"Rankings are easy measures to find and use for objective and comparative performance assessment.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"university rankings","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Faced with the challenge of objective and comparative performance\nassessment, rankings are easy measures to find and to use.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c935","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/8177ff8e6f6f4152","nativeRecordCid":"f5257bf3-b8ca-4068-8860-8a90786db885","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c935","text":"Data assembled by ranking organisations are often not subject to rigorous peer review or external input and critique.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"data assembled by ranking organisations","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"It is worth noting that the\ndata assembled by the various rankers are often not subject to rigorous peer review or external input\nand critique, and the emphases of rankings on particular features (such as research) at the expense of\nothers are not often drawn out in the broad analyses.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c936","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/c4890ff7f0d248b6","nativeRecordCid":"21c3275b-d9ac-4bb1-bdb3-e7e4b2e6e821","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c936","text":"Rankings' emphasis on particular features, such as research, at the expense of others is not often drawn out in broad analyses of rankings.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"rankings' feature emphasis","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"It is worth noting that the\ndata assembled by the various rankers are often not subject to rigorous peer review or external input\nand critique, and the emphases of rankings on particular features (such as research) at the expense of\nothers are not often drawn out in the broad analyses.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c937","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/b8a45f004f4c4a44","nativeRecordCid":"37ebe968-71b4-47df-aefb-02d412e18b15","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c937","text":"HEIs should make efforts to explain the reasons for using rankings.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"HEIs","subject":"HEIs' use of rankings","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The most important and immediate suggestion here is that HEIs should make efforts to explain the\nreasons for using rankings – in particular whether they are using these as a means to achieve particular\nends (and what these are), or whether the reverse is true.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c938","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/ff8dde080d204511","nativeRecordCid":"801142ef-e659-432d-b2d8-38e0a35d22f7","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c938","text":"HEIs should explain to staff how rankings information is being used to inform the balance between academic activities, including how implications for activities not captured in rankings are managed.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"HEIs","subject":"HEIs' communication about ranking use","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"In particular they should explain to staff how\nrankings information is being used to inform the balance between academic activities, with an\nemphasis on explaining how the implications for those activities not captured in rankings are being\nmanaged.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c939","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/a0f6721ee89143fc","nativeRecordCid":"83441a39-d8e1-4c84-8c5f-1bbe28cf952e","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c939","text":"Transparency in how HEIs use rankings information is vital.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"HEIs","subject":"transparency in ranking use","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Transparency is vital.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c940","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/76b4309c1ae44949","nativeRecordCid":"85eea5db-ca86-45fa-ad5c-ee954ec5c4bb","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c940","text":"Initiatives such as Snowball and the work of the US Research Universities Futures Consortium may offer possible ways forward for developing more locally sensitive performance indicators.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"Snowball and US consortium initiatives","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"In the medium term, initiatives such as Snowball and the work of the above US consortium may both\noffer possible ways forward for developing more locally sensitive performance indicators.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c941","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/9155a13a300b4c85","nativeRecordCid":"0e3d4865-3302-4e76-a26f-af851f2afca4","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c941","text":"The optimal solution to the challenge of measuring university performance is likely to be a bottom-up collaborative approach that allows universities to identify indicators best aligned with their institutional mission, rather than a top-down or government-mandated approach.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"measuring university performance","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"As with Snowball, this suggests that the\noptimal solution to the challenge of measuring performance would be a bottom-up collaborative\napproach220 that allows universities to identify those indicators that best align with their institutional","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c942","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/cc559b428237405e","nativeRecordCid":"0a230c08-579c-4be4-a03f-3c1dcabc666d","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c942","text":"Institutional managers should ensure that the bottom-up approach to selecting performance indicators is carried out transparently within the institution and with the involvement of academic staff.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"institutional managers","subject":"bottom-up indicator selection process","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"In moving toward this, it will be\nimportant for institutional managers to ensure that this bottom-up approach is done transparently\nwithin the institution and with the involvement of academic staff.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c943","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/db9b258f51b34adb","nativeRecordCid":"2723ee19-1b52-43c8-be8c-ebd6808e6ccf","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c943","text":"Quantitative data is now used far more widely as a management aid across the higher education sector, reflecting developments in the private sector over recent decades.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"quantitative data in HE management","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Across the higher education sector, quantitative data is now used far more widely as a management\naid, reflecting developments in the private sector over recent decades.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c944","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/e3494544bf5a428a","nativeRecordCid":"ac5f8e0a-6c42-4199-be86-dc59182c5c69","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c944","text":"Most universities now plan resource allocation centrally, often drawing on the advice of dedicated intelligence and analysis units that gather information from departments and faculties.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"university resource allocation planning","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"As described in the previous\nchapter, most universities now plan resource allocation centrally, often drawing on the advice of\ndedicated intelligence and analysis units that gather information from departments and faculties.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c945","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/fcb18f56c4cd470e","nativeRecordCid":"2bc28d53-ae14-4896-84da-256d73de3a2b","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c945","text":"The use of centralized management and analysis systems has helped universities to strengthen their reputation as responsible, well-managed institutions.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"university management systems","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The\nuse of such systems has helped universities to strengthen their reputation as responsible, well-\nmanaged institutions.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c946","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/e10ff2948d354361","nativeRecordCid":"965eab58-7417-49c0-8569-945f26c0680d","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c946","text":"The relatively robust financial position of the higher education sector is in part founded on perceptions of sound financial governance.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"higher education sector's financial position","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The relatively robust financial position of the sector, and the continued trust\nplaced in universities by public funders to manage their own affairs, is in part founded on such\nperceptions of sound financial governance.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c947","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/e7bd11e55cfa4532","nativeRecordCid":"a090e264-7d4e-4d61-81b6-1f68be937040","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c947","text":"The continued trust placed in universities by public funders to manage their own affairs is in part founded on perceptions of sound financial governance.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"public funders' trust in universities","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The relatively robust financial position of the sector, and the continued trust\nplaced in universities by public funders to manage their own affairs, is in part founded on such\nperceptions of sound financial governance.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c948","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/eb3e992a902e4a05","nativeRecordCid":"8b620b95-3ded-4f09-a21b-ea7105b43b55","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c948","text":"The extent to which management systems in HEIs help or hinder institutional success is contested.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"HEI management systems' effects","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The extent to which management systems in HEIs help or hinder institutional success is of course\ncontested.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c949","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/200aa70b1aba4056","nativeRecordCid":"00fa4108-1fea-4086-93e1-6be012511a7d","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c949","text":"Management systems in HEIs have helped to make decision making fairer and more transparent.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"HEI management systems","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"On the positive side, such systems have helped to make decision making fairer and more\ntransparent, and allowed institutions to tackle genuine cases of underperformance.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c950","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/928af19126904585","nativeRecordCid":"c13a86cf-6bdb-4da6-818c-ab6d3574759d","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c950","text":"Management systems in HEIs have allowed institutions to tackle genuine cases of underperformance.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"HEI management systems","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"On the positive side, such systems have helped to make decision making fairer and more\ntransparent, and allowed institutions to tackle genuine cases of underperformance.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c951","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/9a82dbe8f1714933","nativeRecordCid":"fa283703-05f8-434d-b94a-01c7fb63aaf6","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c951","text":"Many within academia resist moves towards greater quantification of performance management.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"academia's response to quantification","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"At the same time,\nmany within academia resist moves towards greater quantification of performance management on the\ngrounds that these will erode academic freedoms and the traditional values of universities.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c952","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/2464277d25504bed","nativeRecordCid":"b0f7ba6b-9988-44e4-9c7f-2b853df765ff","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c952","text":"Competition has a proper place in academic life.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"","subject":"competition in academic life","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"There is of\ncourse a proper place for competition in academic life, but there are also growing concerns about an\nexpansion in the number and reach of managers, and the distortions that can be created by systems of\ninstitutionalized audit.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c953","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/eeb77ed6b62946d4","nativeRecordCid":"912c47f9-a33f-4c5b-a915-8bcd44608bd0","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c953","text":"There are growing concerns about an expansion in the number and reach of managers in higher education.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"expansion of managers in higher education","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"There is of\ncourse a proper place for competition in academic life, but there are also growing concerns about an\nexpansion in the number and reach of managers, and the distortions that can be created by systems of\ninstitutionalized audit.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c954","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/f63016f18b6e49fb","nativeRecordCid":"d71002d1-82ec-4fc3-89ee-a34c69943146","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c954","text":"Systems of institutionalized audit can create distortions.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"institutionalized audit systems","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"There is of\ncourse a proper place for competition in academic life, but there are also growing concerns about an\nexpansion in the number and reach of managers, and the distortions that can be created by systems of\ninstitutionalized audit.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c955","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/4a386a462c8a4811","nativeRecordCid":"4206411d-f24f-4f30-8138-66a9c8d5a090","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c955","text":"In the research arena, debate often focuses on finding an appropriate balance between curiosity-driven and more directly applied forms of investigation.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"research funding debate","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"In the research arena, this debate often focuses on finding an appropriate balance between curiosity-\ndriven and more directly applied forms of investigation.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c956","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/abf690795a974841","nativeRecordCid":"818d26cf-3a7f-4307-8902-47c1defa19b1","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c956","text":"Incentivising more applied research is not the stated intention of research funders regarding the impact agenda.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"impact agenda and funders' intentions","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Linked to this, the impact agenda – both\nprospectively, as a part of research grant applications, and retrospectively, in the form of the impact\ncase studies that were introduced to the REF in 2014 – is perceived by some as incentivising more\napplied research, even though this is not the stated intention of research funders.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c957","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/39999025700046be","nativeRecordCid":"8813ec5d-e3f6-4392-98a7-b851500c743a","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c957","text":"Grassroots groups have emerged arguing for the continued autonomy of HEIs and against a perceived drift towards instrumentalism and marketisation.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"grassroots groups in higher education","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"We have also seen the emergence of grassroots groups, such as the Council for the\nDefence of British Universities and the Campaign for the Public University, arguing for the continued\nautonomy of HEIs and a halt to a perceived drift towards instrumentalism and marketisation.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c958","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/745378e1a6a54b2c","nativeRecordCid":"1f8c1100-4e52-4959-96d2-0f1f3a6fbb40","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c958","text":"Critique of the REF has shifted from focusing on the introduction of its impact assessment to focusing on the continued validity of the broader exercise.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"critique of the REF","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Further\ncritique has focused on the REF, initially around the introduction of its assessment of impact, but\nmore recently around the continued validity of the broader exercise.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c959","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/ad0d36888c874d85","nativeRecordCid":"a9b62bb9-85ad-4e56-9ba4-71a8be7ee2e9","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c959","text":"Research managers can become over-reliant on indicators that are widely felt to be problematic or not properly understood, or that may be used insensitively or inappropriately.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"research managers' reliance on indicators","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"A recurrent concern is that research managers can become over-reliant on indicators that are widely\nfelt to be problematic or not properly understood (e.g. JIFs), or on indicators that may be used\ninsensitively or inappropriately (e.g. research income targets), and these are driving managerial\napproaches in a way that does not fully recognise the diverse contributions of individual researchers to\nthe overall institutional mission or the wider public good.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c960","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/ac42512ee5ca4a4a","nativeRecordCid":"80f51df8-ca7c-45d5-b94f-1713e6927962","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c960","text":"Over-reliance on such indicators drives managerial approaches that do not fully recognise the diverse contributions of individual researchers to the overall institutional mission or the wider public good.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"managerial approaches driven by indicator reliance","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"A recurrent concern is that research managers can become over-reliant on indicators that are widely\nfelt to be problematic or not properly understood (e.g. JIFs), or on indicators that may be used\ninsensitively or inappropriately (e.g. research income targets), and these are driving managerial\napproaches in a way that does not fully recognise the diverse contributions of individual researchers to\nthe overall institutional mission or the wider public good.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c961","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/01e6e116b15144bf","nativeRecordCid":"fe599963-f7f3-4e41-babc-d3cbde4f6088","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c961","text":"Reliance on journal impact factors by decision-makers might be reinforced by the attitudes and behaviours of academics themselves.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"reliance on journal impact factors","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"In this case, a reliance on JIFs by decision-makers might be reinforced by the attitudes and behaviours\nof academics themselves, but irrespective of this point, the primary issue remains: metrics are widely\nseen as absolving research managers of the responsibility for making assessments based on more\naccurate and complete information, and as contributing to mistrust of research management more\ngenerally.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c962","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/822c43d451ab42d3","nativeRecordCid":"2cad5e9d-e14d-437b-a26a-d9bcd7a26a0e","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c962","text":"Metrics are widely seen as absolving research managers of the responsibility for making assessments based on more accurate and complete information.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"metrics and research manager responsibility","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"In this case, a reliance on JIFs by decision-makers might be reinforced by the attitudes and behaviours\nof academics themselves, but irrespective of this point, the primary issue remains: metrics are widely\nseen as absolving research managers of the responsibility for making assessments based on more\naccurate and complete information, and as contributing to mistrust of research management more\ngenerally.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c963","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/94818bd45c9a4ee3","nativeRecordCid":"9b16bfb0-fd5d-4ce1-b8ef-827e8058f97c","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c963","text":"Metrics are widely seen as contributing to mistrust of research management more generally.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"metrics and mistrust of research management","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"In this case, a reliance on JIFs by decision-makers might be reinforced by the attitudes and behaviours\nof academics themselves, but irrespective of this point, the primary issue remains: metrics are widely\nseen as absolving research managers of the responsibility for making assessments based on more\naccurate and complete information, and as contributing to mistrust of research management more\ngenerally.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c964","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/4078855c64cf4ffc","nativeRecordCid":"6fb2618d-9b84-4369-a2d2-a177241abb12","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c964","text":"There are enough counter-examples of the positive use of metrics-informed decision-making to argue for a more evidence-based approach.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"metrics-informed decision-making","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"there are enough counter-examples of the positive use of\nmetrics-informed decision-making to argue for a more evidence-based approach.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c965","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/bb0ffad1dce7460e","nativeRecordCid":"16ca21e7-5d8c-4d89-9aad-3c85ad76e3ea","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c965","text":"Perceived shifts within the higher education sector towards greater accountability for public funding, closer alignment of research strategies and institutional competitiveness, and the emergence of market forces in research and education must be taken into account in any assessment of the broader consequences for academic culture of relying on particular indicators.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"","subject":"assessment of academic culture consequences","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"However, perceived\nshifts within the sector towards greater accountability for public funding, the closer alignment of\nresearch strategies and institutional competitiveness, and the broader emergence of market forces in\nresearch and education, must be taken into account in any assessment of the broader consequences for\nacademic culture of relying on particular indicators.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c966","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/05107344f57b440c","nativeRecordCid":"0fd8219c-a17c-4583-8d3a-3b2350408289","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c966","text":"No research assessment regime is completely benign.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"research assessment regimes","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"No research assessment regime is completely benign; there will always be the potential for strategic\nbehaviours and gaming.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c967","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/81e0e7970fff4bf5","nativeRecordCid":"fd97b15b-34ec-4653-9c53-6e3aebe8a44a","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c967","text":"There will always be potential for strategic behaviours and gaming in research assessment regimes.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"research assessment regimes","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"No research assessment regime is completely benign; there will always be the potential for strategic\nbehaviours and gaming.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c968","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/0e0e29bf2a184a6c","nativeRecordCid":"88b1306f-7329-4c3f-a86a-c31e3480ca0c","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c968","text":"Researchers are not passive recipients of research evaluation but play an active role in assessment contexts.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"researchers' role in evaluation","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Researchers are not passive recipients of research evaluation but play an\nactive role in assessment contexts.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c969","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/56c40c54efdb443d","nativeRecordCid":"55b1cdc3-bbac-47a6-b233-3788b4c8c461","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c969","text":"Any system used to assess research that affects money or reputation, whether peer review or indicator-based, will tend to influence researchers' behaviour.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"research assessment systems","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Therefore any system used to assess research, whether peer\nreview or indicator-based, that affects money or reputation will tend to influence researchers’\nbehaviour in two ways.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c970","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/ba6f9c54aecc4c71","nativeRecordCid":"e5f23658-b6c0-4ddd-9f76-7746da79d7d9","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c970","text":"Goal displacement occurs when high scores in the measures become the goal rather than a means of measuring whether an objective has been attained.","kind":"definitional","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"goal displacement","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The first is goal displacement: high scores in the measures become the goal rather than a means of\nmeasuring whether an objective (or performance level) has been attained.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c971","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/d79bf5563b6b4f83","nativeRecordCid":"2681c079-5c4a-44bc-ba13-21227377be94","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c971","text":"Assessment criteria can induce a change in the research process itself, such as a shift towards more mainstream, less risky research topics.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"assessment criteria's effect on research process","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The second is a change in\nthe research process itself in response to assessment criteria, which may be more difficult to\nrecognise, for instance through a shift towards more mainstream, less risky research topics.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c972","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/ab8bfbcf292d451d","nativeRecordCid":"4a9076b2-6dbb-4eec-9efa-7cc7c1cefe76","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c972","text":"A change in the research process in response to assessment criteria may be more difficult to recognise than goal displacement.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"change in research process","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The second is a change in\nthe research process itself in response to assessment criteria, which may be more difficult to\nrecognise, for instance through a shift towards more mainstream, less risky research topics.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c973","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/00b36517823848db","nativeRecordCid":"49f58b5d-6dd7-4dc4-a20b-943f8f23886b","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c973","text":"The status of a journal is crucial for academics' submission decisions.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"journal status and submission decisions","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Indeed, research shows that the status of a journal is crucial for academics’ submission decisions.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c974","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/8734020463e6447e","nativeRecordCid":"ed8aaf46-8625-48a0-aa5a-6536f584b6a2","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c974","text":"It isn't always entirely evident what distinguishes gaming from strategising.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"gaming versus strategising","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"However, it isn’t always entirely evident what distinguishes gaming from strategising.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c975","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/af5dcdcd842140ee","nativeRecordCid":"231890f9-278b-40e5-809c-eb254b92090f","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c975","text":"The evidence base on gaming of specific research assessment indicators remains fairly undeveloped.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"evidence base on gaming indicators","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Partly for\nthis reason, the evidence base on gaming specific indicators remains fairly undeveloped.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c976","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/d6b361c359bb4147","nativeRecordCid":"6afa70ea-3708-4e4f-a30c-fc735ebf041e","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c976","text":"Strategic research management can be genuinely constructive.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"strategic research management","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"It is of\ncourse possible, indeed common, for strategic research management to be genuinely constructive.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c977","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/112941b8694241d4","nativeRecordCid":"3bdc9026-85f4-4c6e-b008-de7a6bcb77ec","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c977","text":"Research assessment may have a potential influence on interdisciplinary research.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"research assessment and interdisciplinarity","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"A related concern is the potential influence of research assessment on interdisciplinary research.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c978","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/e0bcd1df9b1543a7","nativeRecordCid":"223b4070-05b6-4d25-ac44-fbab88cc905f","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c978","text":"In economics and business studies, publication strategies have been strongly stimulated by the ubiquitous use of journal rankings.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"publication strategies in economics and business studies","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"In economics and business studies, however, publication strategies have been strongly stimulated by\nthe ubiquitous use of journal rankings, such as the one produced annually by the Chartered Association\nof Business Schools.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c979","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/969760ecab704306","nativeRecordCid":"a40adb98-ab7c-4d97-a5e8-3c78af0216ca","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c979","text":"Journal ranking lists such as those used in business and management studies are not based on citations but on a qualitative consensus about the 'top' journals.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"journal ranking lists","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"These lists are not based on citations but on a qualitative consensus about the ‘top’\njournals.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c980","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/078958c1cae74c66","nativeRecordCid":"6db771e9-7104-4449-8ffc-d7686f1c489b","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c980","text":"Researchers respond to assessment criteria by focusing tasks and narrowing their types of publication.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"researchers' response to assessment criteria","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Another concern is that researchers respond to assessment criteria by focusing tasks and narrowing\ntheir types of publication.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c981","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/f293ab7b588841af","nativeRecordCid":"6831d6ec-75f7-45c6-9bf5-95fbc58aceaf","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c981","text":"The use of metrics in research assessment affects institutional arrangements.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"use of metrics in research assessment","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The use of metrics in research assessment has also affected institutional arrangements, and the\nrelationship between higher education and government.","representedInStars":false}
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{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c983","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/a5e2f76775d4486d","nativeRecordCid":"e6cb8c32-300f-47df-ba01-3d567511e9dc","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c983","text":"The REF, like the RAE before it, encourages more of a 'transfer market' for academic faculty in the UK.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"REF and RAE effects on academic faculty market","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"For example, the REF, like the RAE before\nit, encourages more of a ‘transfer market’ for academic faculty in the UK.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c984","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/31d0c6f3334a4fe5","nativeRecordCid":"7c3fd049-02cb-460c-8439-c1378d4c7aad","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c984","text":"Some universities focus on hiring early-career staff with research potential, while others take a more conservative approach and focus on well-established researchers.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"universities' hiring approaches","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Some universities have focused on hiring early-career staff with\nresearch potential, while others have taken a more conservative approach and\nfocused on “well-\nestablished researchers.”","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c985","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/314878715f084082","nativeRecordCid":"3026c2b6-910f-4f4f-b33f-f5ee8b871829","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c985","text":"The demands of formal evaluation according to broadly standardised criteria focus the attention system of organisations on satisfying them.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"demands of formal evaluation","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The\ndemands of formal evaluation according to broadly standardised criteria are likely to focus the\nattention system of organisations on satisfying them, and give rise to local lock-in mechanisms.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c986","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/f62dbe2b827641cb","nativeRecordCid":"0c0d9920-1b6d-4306-98e4-a1abe93215d3","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c986","text":"The demands of formal evaluation according to broadly standardised criteria give rise to local lock-in mechanisms.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"demands of formal evaluation","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The\ndemands of formal evaluation according to broadly standardised criteria are likely to focus the\nattention system of organisations on satisfying them, and give rise to local lock-in mechanisms.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c987","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/25b65e426bd740ca","nativeRecordCid":"3376ca27-f904-4a97-ac42-82c2d002652c","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c987","text":"Strategic behaviour in response to funding formulas may have long-lasting effects on research agendas.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"strategic behaviour and research agendas","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Such strategic behaviour may have long-lasting effects on research agendas.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c988","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/07f90d472c3b42a7","nativeRecordCid":"a406ff35-45e9-43b4-8eef-81719c8a4813","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c988","text":"The extent to which mechanisms like evaluation control and steer loosely coupled systems of academic knowledge is poorly understood.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"evaluation mechanisms and academic knowledge systems","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"But the extent to which mechanisms like evaluation actually control and steer loosely coupled systems\nof academic knowledge is still poorly understood.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c989","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/876b420dd4734ba7","nativeRecordCid":"a1d1e178-f24e-423f-bd15-f9e1ff96fcb6","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c989","text":"The performativity of quantitative data is their capacity to influence the activities they are supposed merely to indicate.","kind":"definitional","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"performativity of quantitative data","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Evidence of the performativity of quantitative data – their capacity to influence the activities they are\nsupposed merely to indicate – suggests that the availability of metrics creates a demand for such\ninformation.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c990","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/b211f34226ad4d58","nativeRecordCid":"9fd2f178-2f71-45d2-8050-230243fb8bfe","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c990","text":"The availability of metrics creates a demand for such information.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"availability of metrics","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Evidence of the performativity of quantitative data – their capacity to influence the activities they are\nsupposed merely to indicate – suggests that the availability of metrics creates a demand for such\ninformation.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c991","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/b4e82473b236412c","nativeRecordCid":"6552b90c-e442-426d-9725-14b4cc30bb41","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c991","text":"Information-generating functions carry authority even if their limitations are known.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"information-generating functions","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Such information-generating functions carry authority even if their limitations are known.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c992","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/d5324d49c0864be9","nativeRecordCid":"111596ea-0a16-4f1a-bfcb-b8f7be7e7d04","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c992","text":"Organisations cannot resist the temptation to collect strategically useful information because it is considered useful in managing and improving organisational performance.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"organisations' collection of strategic information","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Organisations cannot resist the\ntemptation to collect such information because it is considered strategically useful in managing and\nimproving organisational performance.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c993","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/59aa5492bd3f4053","nativeRecordCid":"817f9c3c-aea0-471d-9151-cecc8ab71397","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c993","text":"Competitors collect similar information for strategic purposes.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"competitors' information collection","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The fact that competitors collect similar information for strategic purposes makes the prospect of\nopting out or ignoring such information perilous.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c994","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/9838329c736e4df3","nativeRecordCid":"91d59d93-5d74-4087-afe2-20f7fcb0770e","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c994","text":"Opting out of or ignoring such strategically useful information is perilous for organisations.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"opting out of strategic information","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The fact that competitors collect similar information for strategic purposes makes the prospect of\nopting out or ignoring such information perilous.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c995","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/afc8c25cdcee4115","nativeRecordCid":"175d14ff-9ff2-4a5f-949e-3bd00f365f3f","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c995","text":"The tendency to collect strategically useful information explains in part the lure of university league tables, journal impact factors, and strategic approaches to the REF.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"demand for strategic information and metrics lure","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"This tendency explains in part the lure of university league tables, JIFs and, indeed, strategic approaches\nto the REF.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c996","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/a01ddd6829094ab2","nativeRecordCid":"84fc8871-39e0-48a7-8f6a-1d1230097a67","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c996","text":"The legitimacy of such indicators rests not exclusively on their first-order accuracy but also on being assumed to carry authority within the institutional environments with which organisations strategically engage.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"legitimacy of indicators","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The legitimacy of such indicators does not rest exclusively on their first-order accuracy, but also on the\nfact that they are assumed to carry authority within the institutional environments with which\norganisations strategically engage.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c997","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/fbee2221c08c47b5","nativeRecordCid":"8f5c32d2-2866-4ffc-8c4d-8db3df5d8767","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c997","text":"In complex academic settings, performance metrics are not tightly coupled with actions across the entire organisation.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"performance metrics in complex academic settings","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Conversely, empirical work on university rankings shows how, in complex academic settings,\nperformance metrics are not tightly coupled with actions across the entire organisation.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c998","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/639b6d224e874b55","nativeRecordCid":"24820920-e9a1-49bd-81f2-6bd044074f9e","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c998","text":"The use of metrics in decision-making contexts cannot be explained simply as explicit responses to top-down commands.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"use of metrics in decision-making","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The use of\nmetrics in decision-making contexts cannot be explained simply as explicit responses to top-down\ncommands.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c999","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/ed9978a9076b4b9d","nativeRecordCid":"5423568b-33a5-424b-83fd-ae5116cf7804","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c999","text":"Metrics transform what can be talked about.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"metrics","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"To some extent, metrics seem to transform more fundamentally ‘what can be talked\nabout’ and how valuations are made.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c1000","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/2ef68741e87a4fa9","nativeRecordCid":"9fcf8e80-82e6-41dd-9e87-5dbdc107ccd2","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c1000","text":"Metrics transform how valuations are made.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"metrics","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"To some extent, metrics seem to transform more fundamentally ‘what can be talked\nabout’ and how valuations are made.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c1001","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/3d94f033798c4135","nativeRecordCid":"fd1cbcfe-2796-4cd6-a7cf-7b25414a5999","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c1001","text":"Performance-informed research assessment increases the pressure on researchers and institutions to meet performance criteria, irrespective of whether these are based on peer review or metrics.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"performance-informed research assessment","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Emerging evidence suggests that performance-informed research assessment does indeed increase the\npressure on researchers and institutions to meet performance criteria, irrespective of whether these are\nbased on peer review or metrics.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c1002","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/560e5907b8f3484e","nativeRecordCid":"4718df64-4787-44d2-8477-5c33136595f5","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c1002","text":"Strategic responses by the research community and other stakeholders to assessment may have unintended effects, through goal displacement or through structural changes in research priorities, publication activities, research capacity and organisation.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"strategic responses to research assessment","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"That the research community and other stakeholders respond strategically may in turn have unintended\neffects: either through the mechanism of goal displacement or through more structural changes in\nresearch priorities, publication activities, research capacity and organisation.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c1003","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/7085fc4f23314c0e","nativeRecordCid":"bd5033cf-a119-4d5f-b03f-3fc8bda61087","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c1003","text":"Performance indicators became more prominent in the governance of research explicitly to change production dynamics and align them with policy priorities.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"performance indicators in governance of research","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"In part, these effects are intended: performance indicators became\nmore prominent in the governance of research explicitly to change production dynamics and to align\nthem with policy priorities.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c1004","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/00aa5cd571194137","nativeRecordCid":"04fa2797-1138-4627-96d0-c3b84778c912","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c1004","text":"Systems that link performance to funding have been studied in greatest detail.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"systems linking performance to funding","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Systems that link performance to funding have been studied in greatest detail, but whether a direct link is necessary for unintended effects to occur is debatable.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c1005","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/75931d6b8a294814","nativeRecordCid":"74b32039-83ef-4deb-971b-475b69ec178e","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c1005","text":"Whether a direct link between performance and funding is necessary for unintended effects to occur is debatable.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"link between performance and funding","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Systems that link performance to funding have been studied in greatest detail, but whether a direct link is necessary for unintended effects to occur is debatable.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c1006","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/1222b0b07ecc428d","nativeRecordCid":"6d3880e3-1edc-4527-9bd8-70a3fc38a489","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c1006","text":"The evidence on the effects of performance-based research assessment remains fragmented and sometimes contradictory.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"evidence on effects of performance-based assessment","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Yet the evidence remains fragmented and sometimes contradictory.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c1007","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/6c9ba6fe6ca94d6d","nativeRecordCid":"c6923121-20ad-457f-a1d0-453507578724","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c1007","text":"The effect of performance differences on researcher reputations is more influential than the amount of funding linked to those differences.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"performance differences and researcher reputations","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"More influential than the amount of funding linked to performance differences is the effect that it has on researcher reputations.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c1008","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/341c80ff2d7e4aea","nativeRecordCid":"82cc6072-0259-4f53-a169-b2f3c9dc00dc","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c1008","text":"Systems where performance is publicly reported but not directly linked to funding may lead to comparable or identical effects.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"publicly reported performance systems","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Systems where performance is publicly reported, but not directly linked to funding, may lead to\ncomparable or identical effects.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c1009","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/a5ca5945c7734594","nativeRecordCid":"0630318e-2046-4239-bf47-c70f658a45c6","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c1009","text":"Researchers in the scientometric field are increasingly concerned about the unintended effects that some metrics are having in an era of expanding academic audit.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"researchers in the scientometric field","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Researchers\nin the scientometric field are also increasingly concerned about the unintended effects that some\nmetrics are having in an era of expanding academic audit.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c1010","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/9d4f4b9d0ddf4926","nativeRecordCid":"152c1035-d85e-402b-9d06-57f8d7dc2b5b","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c1010","text":"Arguments against journal impact factors often cite their technical shortcomings.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"arguments against journal impact factors","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Arguments against JIFs often c ite their technical shortcomings, 283 and susceptibility to\n“manipulation by journal editors and misuse by uncritical parties ”.284","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c1011","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/40580d7bf1fa44f7","nativeRecordCid":"00d4e548-704f-4b93-818e-af939ebc2c47","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c1011","text":"Arguments against journal impact factors often cite their susceptibility to manipulation by journal editors and misuse by uncritical parties.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"journal impact factors' susceptibility to manipulation","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Arguments against JIFs often c ite their technical shortcomings, 283 and susceptibility to\n“manipulation by journal editors and misuse by uncritical parties ”.284","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c1012","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/a0cd09640548438a","nativeRecordCid":"44e85eb2-f644-4406-9859-dc27c52d626d","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c1012","text":"Certain metrics, including journal impact factors, become reified in research management as both formal and informal standards for assessing the value and usefulness of research.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"metrics reified in research management","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Emerging empirical evidence paints a more complex picture of how certain metrics, including JIFs,\nbecome reified in research management, as both formal and informal standards against which to\nassess the value and usefulness of research.285","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c1013","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/8c7b849a9a394e92","nativeRecordCid":"2fe9e34d-0a0e-4fc6-ad3f-f4cbcbc4edf6","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c1013","text":"Metrics are used to reinforce deep-seated, firmly established mechanisms to build reputation.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"metrics used to build reputation","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"First, such metrics are used to reinforce deep-seated,\nfirmly established mechanisms to build reputation and to hire, select and promote staff (including\npublishing in high-JIF journals).","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c1014","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/f2755b895c1f4ddc","nativeRecordCid":"0bac40a5-bdb8-4f23-ae57-684e12918a26","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c1014","text":"Metrics are used to reinforce deep-seated, firmly established mechanisms to hire, select and promote staff.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"metrics used to hire, select, promote staff","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"First, such metrics are used to reinforce deep-seated,\nfirmly established mechanisms to build reputation and to hire, select and promote staff (including\npublishing in high-JIF journals).","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c1015","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/b30d469a0a084d72","nativeRecordCid":"d003902c-cded-422e-8805-c99620a001a4","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c1015","text":"The responsibility for applying bibliometric indicators is spread across many stakeholders in the current citation infrastructure.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"responsibility for bibliometric indicators","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Second, the responsibility for applying certain bibliometric indicators\nis spread across many stakeholders in the current “citation infrastructure” 286 – including\nscientometricians, publishers, librarians, policymakers, evaluators, research managers, consultancies,\nresearchers, and other users.287","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c1016","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/cff72a939c5a4095","nativeRecordCid":"68cb01c9-fe5c-4699-9ffc-c298385f0b80","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c1016","text":"Reforming systems of research assessment is a distributed task.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"reforming research assessment systems","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"As a result, reforming systems of research assessment is a distributed\nand complex task.288","representedInStars":false}
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{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c1018","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/87b6ac35de334000","nativeRecordCid":"c5aa5d98-4c81-40de-8ceb-fed6f24ff721","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c1018","text":"The function of bibliometrics in reducing complexity is frequently cited as a reason for their ongoing appeal among research policymakers and managers.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"bibliometrics' function of reducing complexity","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Generally speaking, the function of bibliometrics in ‘reducing complexity’ is frequently cited as a\nreason for their ongoing appeal among research policymakers and managers.291","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c1019","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/5b1735a06a554cda","nativeRecordCid":"7fba835d-30ca-4d1d-aa9e-a36f0eb31a6b","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c1019","text":"Ranking tools like the journal impact factor help to render the prestige from publishing in one journal comparable with another.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"ranking tools like the journal impact factor","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"In evaluation contexts,\nranking tools like the JIF help to render the prestige from publishing in one journal comparable with\nanother.292","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c1020","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/3420251211c648e9","nativeRecordCid":"371ce8fc-20c0-440e-ae34-c89a22921cef","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c1020","text":"Many researchers are willing to wait longer on editorial decisions when the journal impact factor is higher.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"researchers waiting on editorial decisions","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Many researchers are willing to wait longer on editorial decisions when the JIF is higher,\nwhich shows the clogging effects JIFs can have on scholarly communication.293","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c1021","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/b1bbe942a3b74bdd","nativeRecordCid":"10b25106-909d-4ae6-b4f7-6fa5a8289bac","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c1021","text":"Journal impact factors can have clogging effects on scholarly communication.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"journal impact factors and scholarly communication","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Many researchers are willing to wait longer on editorial decisions when the JIF is higher,\nwhich shows the clogging effects JIFs can have on scholarly communication.293","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c1022","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/83dbbf3dac3c4738","nativeRecordCid":"49e20ed0-2daf-46f1-985f-8223ab76cdb5","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c1022","text":"There is a discrepancy between the importance of indicators in evaluation practices and researchers' own judgment of their accuracy.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"indicators in evaluation practices","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Empirical research does however reveal a discrepancy between the importance of indicators in\nevaluation practices and researchers’ own judgment of their accuracy.294","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c1023","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/5c1cf1afeddc4b7d","nativeRecordCid":"3bc22dfc-620b-4759-9a04-5f0f7aea18ec","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c1023","text":"Citations are sought-after because they are part of the reward system and can be drawn upon in competitive struggles.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"citations and the reward system","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Citations\nare sought-after because they are part of the reward system and can be drawn upon in competitive\nstruggles, while at the same time they are criticised for not reflecting the actual contribution to\nresearch.296","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c1024","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/8bb8e071345b499e","nativeRecordCid":"5747be63-2f9c-4c3d-8c9b-51b99fcacd5c","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c1024","text":"Citations are criticised for not reflecting the actual contribution to research.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"citations and actual research contribution","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Citations\nare sought-after because they are part of the reward system and can be drawn upon in competitive\nstruggles, while at the same time they are criticised for not reflecting the actual contribution to\nresearch.296","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c1025","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/fee684bf14aa4ae0","nativeRecordCid":"2eeea663-b372-4876-b9c9-ba7e78f699c1","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c1025","text":"Folk citation theories do not have to be consistent in order to be mobilised by researchers as explanatory devices in their competition for reputation.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"folk citation theories","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Such ‘folk citation theories’ do not have to be consistent in order to be mobilised by\nresearchers as explanatory devices in their competition for reputation.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c1026","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/ac4478f2d6b34689","nativeRecordCid":"3502b58e-c3cc-4c26-aa34-02b02ade37c6","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c1026","text":"The sophistication and complexity of researchers' interpretations of citation should not be underestimated.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"","subject":"researchers' interpretations of citation","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"However, the sophistication\nand complexity of researchers’ interpretations of citation should not be underestimated.297","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c1027","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/04b26519ac374975","nativeRecordCid":"13cadbbe-77a4-483e-9c86-74f073fcf8fb","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c1027","text":"Women, early-career researchers and other groups with protected characteristics might be negatively affected by an emphasis on particular indicators.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"women, early-career researchers, protected groups","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"In considering how metrics can affect research cultures, one important concern is that women, early-\ncareer researchers and other groups with protected characteristics (as defined in the Equality Act\n2010298), might be negatively affected by an emphasis on particular indicators.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c1028","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/4536bdc3f5f94fc0","nativeRecordCid":"fb788e7e-8590-42a9-a61b-c41d06087f1d","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c1028","text":"Problems of gender inequality are widespread across the research community in respect to hiring, earning, funding, satisfaction and patenting.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"gender inequality in research community","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"As a recent Nature paper by Sugimoto and colleagues observes, problems of gender inequality are still\nwidespread across the research community, whether in respect to hiring, earning, funding, satisfaction","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c1029","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/a471b6ee383040bd","nativeRecordCid":"5431e345-16ce-4e6b-8bb1-1f4bca9f7249","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c1029","text":"There is a growing volume of evidence underpinning concerns about gender bias in relation to metrics.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"evidence on gender bias","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"With regard to gender bias, there is a growing volume of evidence to underpin these concerns.301","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c1030","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/c94da5c6f9bb4a68","nativeRecordCid":"05390756-f832-4ce6-b50e-13471cff3693","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c1030","text":"Men publish more papers on average than women.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"publication output by gender","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"There has been considerable discussion of the ‘productivity puzzle’, whereby men publish more papers on average than women, but debate continues as to whether this is caused by\ngender bias, childbearing and caring responsibilities, other variables – or a combination of these.303","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c1031","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/e8771bbec4554ed2","nativeRecordCid":"fa3d7db3-7563-4ba2-98fb-41485272b379","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c1031","text":"Women are less likely to engage in self-citation than men.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"women and self-citation","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Others studies suggest women are less likely to engage in self-citation.","representedInStars":false}
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{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c1035","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/40799d2ff23843c1","nativeRecordCid":"3695e700-b9e3-47d5-9067-a8543d234543","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c1035","text":"There is considerable variation between disciplines in the relationship between expected achievement and academic age.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"expected achievement and academic age","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"There is also considerable variation between disciplines in terms of the relationship between expected\nachievement and academic age.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c1036","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/dbe8fb8cfc714592","nativeRecordCid":"485aa7cf-d0df-4609-abb8-a81dbe840491","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c1036","text":"It is important to consider which academics are more likely to get involved with inter- or multidisciplinary projects.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"","subject":"academics in interdisciplinary projects","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"It is also important to consider which academics are more likely to get\ninvolved with inter- or multidisciplinary projects, and what their associated outputs might look like.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c1037","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/95b2ae974b0c4ccc","nativeRecordCid":"130ac504-f5b7-49fd-996f-124dfbc4c036","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c1037","text":"It is important to consider what the associated outputs of academics involved in inter- or multidisciplinary projects might look like.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"","subject":"outputs of interdisciplinary academics","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"It is also important to consider which academics are more likely to get\ninvolved with inter- or multidisciplinary projects, and what their associated outputs might look like.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c1038","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/80d154330d284a06","nativeRecordCid":"e253e993-4a09-4e27-a7bb-8c38efc806ce","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c1038","text":"Some areas of research seldom make it into the top journals.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"research areas and top journals","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Some areas of research seldom make it into the top journals and this could have knock-on effects for\nequality and diversity that also need to be borne in mind.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c1039","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/03f61d2d20f74811","nativeRecordCid":"c1dd72f3-f31e-4f4e-9bef-8ca76f50d6a6","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c1039","text":"Knock-on effects for equality and diversity arising from some research areas seldom making it into top journals need to be borne in mind.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"","subject":"equality and diversity knock-on effects","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Some areas of research seldom make it into the top journals and this could have knock-on effects for\nequality and diversity that also need to be borne in mind.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c1040","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/0fcc5ea31f744d4a","nativeRecordCid":"5824c200-8f5d-4b1e-a578-018cc740b5e6","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c1040","text":"The sort of indicators or metrics that could be used to assist rather than obstruct interdisciplinary working must be considered.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"","subject":"indicators for interdisciplinary working","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"We need to consider the sort of indicators or metrics that could be used to assist rather than obstruct\ninterdisciplinary working, and the kinds of equality and diversity issues that might be faced.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c1041","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/c15eaede1e0e4e0c","nativeRecordCid":"57df1272-2350-480c-88f4-a1dc5cec9880","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c1041","text":"The kinds of equality and diversity issues that might be faced in relation to interdisciplinary working must be considered.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"","subject":"equality and diversity issues in interdisciplinary work","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"We need to consider the sort of indicators or metrics that could be used to assist rather than obstruct\ninterdisciplinary working, and the kinds of equality and diversity issues that might be faced.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c1042","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/0fde28fc3fc441a3","nativeRecordCid":"5be470a6-bce0-4e76-a741-b0963c93a7c2","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c1042","text":"In some contexts, metrics can be used to support greater equality and diversity.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"metrics and equality and diversity","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"It is also worth emphasising that in some contexts, metrics can be used to support greater equality and\ndiversity.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c1043","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/f9e2ccd3f319400f","nativeRecordCid":"5c40f70b-5b1c-45bf-8004-26bbd8b4c54d","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c1043","text":"Quantitative indicators have a place in institutional performance management.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"quantitative indicators","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Quantitative indicators clearly have a place in institutional performance\nmanagement and can in some cases lead to significant positive outcomes for institutions and their\nstaff.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c1044","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/6c4b8c01788b44b7","nativeRecordCid":"6b255fa2-95c2-4a87-ac22-7b8e9a0e0894","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c1044","text":"Quantitative indicators can in some cases lead to significant positive outcomes for institutions and their staff.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"quantitative indicators","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Quantitative indicators clearly have a place in institutional performance\nmanagement and can in some cases lead to significant positive outcomes for institutions and their\nstaff.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c1045","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/8e91fe8ef6c84f30","nativeRecordCid":"d78131d6-b119-4f28-bb3c-3ea8502432be","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c1045","text":"Assessing performance is a very difficult and complex task.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"performance assessment","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"However, assessing performance is a very difficult and complex task, and so even where the\nmeans of quantitative assessment are fallible, people tend to gravitate towards them, with variable\nconsequences for institutional strategy and for individuals.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c1046","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/1da5a8c0742c4f7b","nativeRecordCid":"320e3a4d-07a0-4028-9811-5be12823f1e3","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c1046","text":"Even where quantitative assessment methods are fallible, people tend to gravitate towards them, with variable consequences for institutional strategy and for individuals.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"quantitative assessment methods","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"However, assessing performance is a very difficult and complex task, and so even where the\nmeans of quantitative assessment are fallible, people tend to gravitate towards them, with variable\nconsequences for institutional strategy and for individuals.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c1047","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/19a04a71d4fb47d0","nativeRecordCid":"0421f217-f2d6-4b9b-af9a-5ad23e8e2a60","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c1047","text":"Metrics can become unhelpfully institutionalised.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"metrics","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"In this way, metrics can become\nunhelpfully institutionalised.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c1048","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/95015273bbad4874","nativeRecordCid":"7a183b67-0649-4403-9aa3-feef9694f79a","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c1048","text":"Administrators and employers should give due attention to the need to use metrics sensitively, transparently, and with the full input and co-operation of their staff.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"administrators and employers","subject":"use of metrics","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Administrators and employers should therefore give due attention to the\nneed to use them sensitively, transparently, and with the full input and co-operation of their staff.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c1049","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/8c79856113ff4152","nativeRecordCid":"32c7b3f2-edfb-41cc-bd6c-d26b43f0a6f4","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c1049","text":"Damaging effects of quantitative indicators should be identified and addressed before use wherever possible.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"","subject":"damaging effects of quantitative indicators","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Wherever possible, damaging effects of quantitative indicators should be identified and addressed\nbefore use.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c1050","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/4bd306180301469e","nativeRecordCid":"02f3d119-4110-44c6-b138-dbb0a139d5b0","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c1050","text":"The use of quantitative indicators affects research behaviour through distinct patterns and trends related to interdisciplinarity, task reduction, and the effects of metrics on knowledge production.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"use of quantitative indicators","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"In considering how the use of quantitative indicators affects research behaviour, a number of distinct\npatterns and trends emerge around interdisciplinarity, task reduction and the effects of metrics on\nknowledge production more broadly.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c1051","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/0e9f9108e85946cb","nativeRecordCid":"f9da971a-d2e0-4f6b-94ed-8726536cf2de","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c1051","text":"Policymakers and institutional managers would benefit from more input from the scientometrics community on how quantitative indicators can influence the culture and practice of research in positive ways.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"policymakers and institutional managers","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Policymakers and institutional managers would benefit from\nmore input from the scientometrics community to suggest how quantitative indicators can influence\nthe culture and practice of research in positive ways.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c1052","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/235f85c502494c9f","nativeRecordCid":"65540db2-daf3-4094-9b12-75532bff32cd","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c1052","text":"Research policymakers, the wider academic community, institutions, funders and government must promote decent and fair standards of behaviour in the use of metrics.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"research policymakers, the wider academic community, institutions, funders and government","subject":"standards of behaviour in use of metrics","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"To that end, it is incumbent on research policymakers, the wider academic community, institutions,\nfunders and government to promote decent and fair standards of behaviour in the use of metrics.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c1053","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/e6ea8752ef5a4fdf","nativeRecordCid":"c5c63427-47d6-4236-b6a4-3746ff0cf20d","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c1053","text":"DORA offers one set of guidelines for reducing damaging uses of Journal Impact Factors in assessing individuals' research.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"DORA","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"DORA offers one set of guidelines for reducing damaging uses of JIFs in assessing individuals’\nresearch.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c1054","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/bf3b7c0f06ab4890","nativeRecordCid":"32f0499d-09b8-4f31-af2e-d6f895545e33","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c1054","text":"UK research benefits from a variety of funding sources.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"UK research funding","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"UK research benefits from a variety of funding sources.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c1055","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/eab54537f5dd4b9b","nativeRecordCid":"df9e97c0-4ce2-424f-b6b6-bc54170d734b","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c1055","text":"The dual support system for university research comprises institutional block grants from the Funding Councils based on periodic quality assessment exercises.","kind":"definitional","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"dual support system","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"What is often\nreferred to as the ‘dual support’ system for University research describes the twin routes of: i)\ninstitutional block grants from the Funding Councils based on periodic quality assessment exercises\nand ii) funding won in peer-reviewed competition from the Research Councils.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c1056","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/33bda2b74848460b","nativeRecordCid":"c4dc4e3f-996b-4bb6-a4b7-791c8ca46ec4","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c1056","text":"The dual support system for university research comprises funding won in peer-reviewed competition from the Research Councils.","kind":"definitional","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"dual support system","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"What is often\nreferred to as the ‘dual support’ system for University research describes the twin routes of: i)\ninstitutional block grants from the Funding Councils based on periodic quality assessment exercises\nand ii) funding won in peer-reviewed competition from the Research Councils.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c1057","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/c2988a4dc72d4ff0","nativeRecordCid":"eac9f9bc-149e-4718-8446-37f79390cd06","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c1057","text":"Research Council funding is allocated via individual grants for specific projects, programmes and infrastructure.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"Research Council funding","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Research Council funding is allocated via individual grants for specific projects, programmes and\ninfrastructure, via the Research Councils’ own units, institutes and centres, and to national research\nfacilities such as the UK synchrotron, Diamond Light Source.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c1058","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/9423b722a9bf45f4","nativeRecordCid":"e3e2ab22-60f4-43ab-a675-791fc26e783a","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c1058","text":"Research Council funding is allocated via the Research Councils' own units, institutes and centres.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"Research Council funding","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Research Council funding is allocated via individual grants for specific projects, programmes and\ninfrastructure, via the Research Councils’ own units, institutes and centres, and to national research\nfacilities such as the UK synchrotron, Diamond Light Source.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c1059","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/dc373cf9eb044f40","nativeRecordCid":"5b49bde5-a500-4cf8-b5b7-3615d028392a","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c1059","text":"Research Council funding is allocated to national research facilities such as the UK synchrotron, Diamond Light Source.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"Research Council funding","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Research Council funding is allocated via individual grants for specific projects, programmes and\ninfrastructure, via the Research Councils’ own units, institutes and centres, and to national research\nfacilities such as the UK synchrotron, Diamond Light Source.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c1060","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/ca7eed4a709c485f","nativeRecordCid":"8f69c5d1-5f43-404b-99c2-77885e0431ea","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c1060","text":"RCUK's shared ambition is to ensure that the UK remains the best place in the world to do research, innovate and grow business.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"RCUK","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The Research Councils’ shared ambition, under the banner of ‘Research Councils UK’\n(RCUK), is to ensure that the UK remains the best place in the world to do research, innovate and\ngrow business.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c1061","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/273a0ad601064c2c","nativeRecordCid":"3d29ed4e-3106-4082-bc4f-274cdac62581","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c1061","text":"RCUK works with other organisations to better understand the relationship between research and the subsequent impact of that research.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"RCUK","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"RCUK works with other organisations to better understand the relationship between research and\nthe subsequent impact of that research, and to improve the quantitative and qualitative description of\nresearch progress, productivity and quality.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c1062","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/4ea887a62d18434c","nativeRecordCid":"035feca3-6a13-41b3-9fc1-1b929c7d3bca","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c1062","text":"RCUK works with other organisations to improve the quantitative and qualitative description of research progress, productivity and quality.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"RCUK","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"RCUK works with other organisations to better understand the relationship between research and\nthe subsequent impact of that research, and to improve the quantitative and qualitative description of\nresearch progress, productivity and quality.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c1063","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/cfca5ef51f2c4700","nativeRecordCid":"ba95c67a-2f6b-4fda-a47a-643fa9c0c763","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c1063","text":"The Research Councils work in partnership with leading experts to ensure that the bibliometrics they use for evaluation of research funding outcomes are robust and appropriate.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"Research Councils","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The Research Councils work in partnership with leading experts (such as CWTS321, Science-\nMetrix322, and Evidence Ltd.323) to ensure that the bibliometrics they use for evaluation of the\noutcomes of funding awards, primarily in the science, technology, engineering and medicine\ndisciplines, are robust and appropriate.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c1064","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/ded90e3b86774e7a","nativeRecordCid":"cd060f56-3f1a-4a38-bb3f-6320f8d555a6","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c1064","text":"The Research Councils ensure that bibliometric data is normalised by academic field and year, as far as currently possible.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"Research Councils","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Care is taken to ensure that bibliometric data is normalised\nby academic field, and year, as far as is currently possible.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c1065","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/34706c88b3ac4b7f","nativeRecordCid":"04c8608e-458e-4691-add9-b5f3e1315f55","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c1065","text":"The Research Councils make clear the source of the data and known limitations of the normalisation and coverage in their analysis.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"Research Councils","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The source of the data, and known\nlimitations of the normalisation and coverage are made clear in analysis.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c1066","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/f0d8ffbc6d3e4439","nativeRecordCid":"e0955acd-4f03-4127-bc01-c35073134286","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c1066","text":"The Research Councils avoid inconsistent metrics or over-simplifications such as Journal Impact Factors or h-indexes.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"Research Councils","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Inconsistent metrics or over-\nsimplifications such as JIFs or h-indexes are avoided.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c1067","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/c7ff8d1ba4c740ab","nativeRecordCid":"bb255b4d-4c5e-4eae-bdbc-1476b6b9f9d4","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c1067","text":"RCUK exercises care when considering the use of new metrics such as download statistics and social media analysis, to avoid inconsistencies, biases, over-simplification, lack of normalisation, and other statistical pitfalls.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"RCUK","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"As noted above, RCUK also exercise care when considering the use of new metrics (such as\ndownload statistics, analysis of social media) to avoid inconsistencies, biases, over-simplification,\nlack of normalisation, and other statistical pitfalls.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c1068","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/803f5306156d492e","nativeRecordCid":"0bea5f7e-309a-4e5b-992c-60b74669ead3","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c1068","text":"Research Councils do not use metrics as a proxy for peer review assessment based on quality judgements to allocate funding.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"Research Councils","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Metrics as a proxy for peer review assessment based on quality judgements are not used by Research\nCouncils to allocate funding.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c1069","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/c934f10bb2f649ab","nativeRecordCid":"34733caa-cd2d-45a2-b291-288398b2b0f3","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c1069","text":"Metrics may be used as part of the information on the previous track record of applicants, as an input to peer review.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"metrics","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"However, metrics may be used as part of the information on the previous track record of applicants,\nas an input to peer review.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c1070","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/1060d569c6884c44","nativeRecordCid":"c719bef2-93b0-4f2d-922a-2be1a5831f6e","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c1070","text":"The Research Councils undertake ex post assessment of research programmes and groups of research projects according to the high-level principles set out in the Treasury 'Green' and 'Magenta' books.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"Research Councils","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The Research Councils also undertake ex post assessment of research programmes and/or groups of\nresearch projects according to the high-level principles set out in the Treasury ‘Green’327 and\n‘Magenta’328 books.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c1071","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/53e90d40095d458f","nativeRecordCid":"e65bc274-424a-4a97-8fa3-7abd453e1562","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c1071","text":"Metrics are often used as an input to the evaluation of research programmes.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"metrics","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Often metrics are used within this context as an input to the evaluation.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c1072","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/25cc11cb468b496e","nativeRecordCid":"2b8f37ac-0f87-4547-9083-ac9744094eef","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c1072","text":"The Research Councils use a range of metrics within performance monitoring and reporting, which include aspects of research assessment.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"Research Councils","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The Research Councils use a range of metrics within performance monitoring and reporting, which\ninclude aspects of research assessment.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c1073","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/8d09a44b96f6406c","nativeRecordCid":"0e0950af-75aa-4a3e-a5fe-2c9cf5686f35","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c1073","text":"Research Councils use input and output information to report on progress against their delivery plans and strategic plans.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"Research Councils","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"For example, Research Councils use input and output\ninformation to report on progress against their delivery plans and strategic plans, and on a regular\nbasis for reporting to BIS.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c1074","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/a4f7de6923634f59","nativeRecordCid":"38ac84d7-f2b7-4488-9caa-21839ce35a70","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c1074","text":"Evidenced outputs and outcomes are used to summarise achievements in a format more easily compared across research organisations.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"evidenced outputs and outcomes","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Evidenced outputs and outcomes are used to summarise achievements in a format more easily\ncompared across research organisations.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c1075","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/f0c01ab68b824140","nativeRecordCid":"15d95584-806f-4913-9c8f-ba00242854dc","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c1075","text":"The MRC is beginning to use bibliometric and other metrics drawn from the Researchfish system to complement its annual assurance processes for its units, university units and institutes.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"MRC","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The MRC is beginning to use bibliometric and other metrics drawn from the Researchfish system to\ncomplement its annual assurance processes for its units, university units and institutes.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c1076","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/e30b25a6dd5a4411","nativeRecordCid":"341ee96f-b4f5-477e-9fef-132fdd093eed","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c1076","text":"One aim of the Research Councils in using the Researchfish approach is to develop improved quantitative and qualitative information collection for research activities beyond publications and citations.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"Research Councils (Researchfish approach)","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"One aim of the Research Councils in using the Researchfish approach is to develop improved\nquantitative and qualitative information collection for other research activities such as the\nestablishment and maintenance of productive academic and user community collaborations, the\ndissemination of results to the public and policymakers, the development of new products and\nprocesses, and the sharing of research methods/tools and databases.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c1077","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/bbb25935d8354195","nativeRecordCid":"06546172-4e2f-4ff3-bb32-ded2fe66b190","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c1077","text":"Structured and comprehensive feedback on research activities is needed to provide a more holistic picture of research.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"","subject":"feedback on research activities","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Structured and comprehensive\nfeedback on these activities are needed to provide a more holistic picture of research.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c1078","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/92cfe7d792564935","nativeRecordCid":"1226a2de-6ff9-4891-a3b9-20eea991ee86","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c1078","text":"Metrics may be developed for some research activities and outputs.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"metrics","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Although\nmetrics may be developed for some of these activities and outputs, there is a danger of over-\nsimplification through the use of numbers, for example, counting the size of an audience for","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c1079","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/2f4077b8aa7a455f","nativeRecordCid":"d0c2424c-e289-4fb6-a4fd-6d414496b544","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c1079","text":"There is a danger of over-simplification through the use of numbers when measuring research activities and outputs.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"measurement of research activities and outputs","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Although\nmetrics may be developed for some of these activities and outputs, there is a danger of over-\nsimplification through the use of numbers, for example, counting the size of an audience for","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c1080","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/687c73bdab284ddd","nativeRecordCid":"7f6fb74c-88a9-470e-a151-b122bd604b29","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c1080","text":"The chain-linked model of innovation is an influential and widely cited focusing device for making sense of the complex structure and diversity of patterns of the innovation process.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"the chain-linked model of innovation","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Their chain-linked model is an influential and widely cited focusing device for\nmaking sense of the complex structure and diversity of patterns of the innovation process.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c1081","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/03142c214d46411c","nativeRecordCid":"fb8d0359-adf0-44af-911e-17b39a854ce7","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c1081","text":"The Donovan and Hanney 'Payback Framework' is widely used and emphasises the non-linear nature of translation from research to impact.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"the Payback Framework","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The non-linear nature of\ntranslation has also been emphasised in the widely used Donovan and Hanney ‘Payback Framework’ which provides a\nmultidimensional categorisation of benefits from research, starting with more traditional academic benefits of knowledge\nproduction and research capacity-building, and then extending to wider benefits to society.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c1082","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/120168c9d1ac45a6","nativeRecordCid":"6d757274-0bc9-486f-b4a3-24a3bc29967c","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c1082","text":"The Payback Framework provides a multidimensional categorisation of benefits from research, starting with traditional academic benefits of knowledge production and research capacity-building and extending to wider benefits to society.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"the Payback Framework","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The non-linear nature of\ntranslation has also been emphasised in the widely used Donovan and Hanney ‘Payback Framework’ which provides a\nmultidimensional categorisation of benefits from research, starting with more traditional academic benefits of knowledge\nproduction and research capacity-building, and then extending to wider benefits to society.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c1083","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/0368fc34b9fc42ed","nativeRecordCid":"be7bfb4f-6d4a-4d3e-8b98-4a655f8169a3","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c1083","text":"Reliance on just a few metrics or indicators fails to adequately capture the full breadth of routes to impact.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"reliance on a few metrics or indicators","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"This approach underlines the fact that reliance on just a few metrics or indicators will fail to\nadequately capture the full breadth of routes to impact, and therefore miss important aspects of\neventual impact.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c1084","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/b86b263e70544e0a","nativeRecordCid":"43792929-3fb7-4e14-b620-522aa3011618","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c1084","text":"Reliance on just a few metrics or indicators misses important aspects of eventual impact.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"reliance on a few metrics or indicators","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"This approach underlines the fact that reliance on just a few metrics or indicators will fail to\nadequately capture the full breadth of routes to impact, and therefore miss important aspects of\neventual impact.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c1085","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/52a690c5d22f4ac3","nativeRecordCid":"0f8caac0-5e47-4b2d-88a1-08d1bf6de150","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c1085","text":"Some metrics may be potential indicators of progress, such as technology-readiness levels for product development or involvement in policy-setting processes.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"metrics as indicators of progress","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Some metrics may be potential indicators of progress (e.g. technology-readiness levels for product\ndevelopment, involvement in policy-setting processes), and some may be helpful to indicate the extent\nof impact (wide-scale adoption of new products and interventions, or uptake of new policies).","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c1086","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/8f7be7c7a70b4ff0","nativeRecordCid":"045988e4-0887-4c29-b82c-b7bd52edd7ac","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c1086","text":"Some metrics may be helpful to indicate the extent of impact, such as wide-scale adoption of new products and interventions or uptake of new policies.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"metrics as indicators of impact","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Some metrics may be potential indicators of progress (e.g. technology-readiness levels for product\ndevelopment, involvement in policy-setting processes), and some may be helpful to indicate the extent\nof impact (wide-scale adoption of new products and interventions, or uptake of new policies).","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c1087","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/ba70cb3dd5f84af5","nativeRecordCid":"8e4ca8ed-3f77-43a4-8624-a16de0c0f8e3","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c1087","text":"Comprehensive output information allows modelling and hypothesis building regarding the most effective ways to support research.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"comprehensive output information","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Comprehensive output information will allow modelling and hypothesis building regarding the most\neffective ways to support research, and is already proving to be a rapid way of identifying relevant\ncase studies337 and setting these in the context of total output.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c1088","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/cac7972af8274109","nativeRecordCid":"af88a917-9516-410e-abd4-3ebd1cbd95f4","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c1088","text":"Comprehensive output information is already proving to be a rapid way of identifying relevant case studies and setting them in the context of total output.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"comprehensive output information","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Comprehensive output information will allow modelling and hypothesis building regarding the most\neffective ways to support research, and is already proving to be a rapid way of identifying relevant\ncase studies337 and setting these in the context of total output.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c1089","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/4ddf94fa12c04334","nativeRecordCid":"2de71695-26c0-46a4-9beb-09a162f830d9","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c1089","text":"The data collected by Researchfish is federated across all subscribing funders.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"Researchfish data","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"As the data collected by Researchfish is federated across all subscribing funders it is\nstraightforward for organisations to share data for joint analysis.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c1090","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/3532184ce610471c","nativeRecordCid":"a52189e5-8ca4-4da9-953d-4b7fe0259254","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c1090","text":"It is straightforward for organisations to share Researchfish data for joint analysis.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"Researchfish data","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"As the data collected by Researchfish is federated across all subscribing funders it is\nstraightforward for organisations to share data for joint analysis.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c1091","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/70924b6dea374854","nativeRecordCid":"8fe7accd-e002-40fe-89c5-a8b07c6edb6b","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c1091","text":"The majority of RCUK output information is made publicly available via the RCUK Gateway to Research (GtR) within a few months of being submitted to Research Councils.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"RCUK output information","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The majority of the\nRCUK output information is made publicly available via the RCUK Gateway to Research (GtR) within a few months of it being\nsubmitted to Research Councils, with the RCUK GtR offering a free API for users to work with the data.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c1092","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/9cc45cf89c18451e","nativeRecordCid":"ed0207ec-590e-4dcb-957d-b1ca1933bd87","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c1092","text":"The RCUK Gateway to Research offers a free API for users to work with the data.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"the RCUK Gateway to Research (GtR)","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The majority of the\nRCUK output information is made publicly available via the RCUK Gateway to Research (GtR) within a few months of it being\nsubmitted to Research Councils, with the RCUK GtR offering a free API for users to work with the data.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c1093","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/b2fd0c749bec4d2f","nativeRecordCid":"74582370-bd0d-4ef1-8003-fcec594abc6c","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c1093","text":"The training and movement of skilled people is one of the most impactful routes of knowledge exchange.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"training and movement of skilled people","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The training and movement of skilled people is one of the most impactful routes\nof knowledge exchange.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c1094","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/9224d59c3f4c4bd5","nativeRecordCid":"cd2200b9-01cf-43be-ae06-6db95948c729","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c1094","text":"The first phase of the US NIH/NSF STAR METRICS project provided a process to capture comprehensive statistics about the research workforce from universities.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"the first phase of the US NIH/NSF STAR METRICS project","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The strengths of the first phase of the US NIH/NSF STAR METRICs\nproject (see Section 2.6.6) was that it provided a process to capture comprehensive statistics about the\nresearch workforce from universities, and the linkage of this data to other records.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c1095","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/4f1aa62c5b0c49ef","nativeRecordCid":"1272d006-a1ce-4891-bd37-0cc9d34f2702","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c1095","text":"The first phase of the US NIH/NSF STAR METRICS project provided a process to link workforce statistics data to other records.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"the first phase of the US NIH/NSF STAR METRICS project","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The strengths of the first phase of the US NIH/NSF STAR METRICs\nproject (see Section 2.6.6) was that it provided a process to capture comprehensive statistics about the\nresearch workforce from universities, and the linkage of this data to other records.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c1096","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/a56e1e061ca043c5","nativeRecordCid":"36e2ca57-86fb-4c4d-af12-ac4445762318","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c1096","text":"The comprehensive workforce statistics capture approach used by STAR METRICS may not be practical in the UK.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"comprehensive workforce statistics capture approach","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Such an approach\nmay not be practical in the UK, but there may be ways in which HESA data can be extended to\nprovide more helpful information in this area.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c1097","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/a86a625c6d2944f1","nativeRecordCid":"39a62a7e-b409-469c-a6fa-be8a3c930539","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c1097","text":"HESA data may be extended to provide more helpful information on the tracking of training and career development.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"HESA data","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Such an approach\nmay not be practical in the UK, but there may be ways in which HESA data can be extended to\nprovide more helpful information in this area.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c1098","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/9575cac89cc9409b","nativeRecordCid":"6ae671c0-2bda-497c-a924-f160615097cd","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c1098","text":"Over the long term, the ORCID initiative will assist in the unambiguous identification of researchers.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"the ORCID initiative","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Over the long-term the ORCID (see Section 2.5.1)\ninitiative will assist in the unambiguous identification of researchers and thereby the linkage of a\nresearcher’s output to their career record, as they move from organisation to organisation.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c1099","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/b76fcd4d012d4b75","nativeRecordCid":"7a191128-0bab-4998-a795-5417905a5d18","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c1099","text":"Over the long term, the ORCID initiative will assist in linking a researcher's output to their career record as they move from organisation to organisation.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"the ORCID initiative","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Over the long-term the ORCID (see Section 2.5.1)\ninitiative will assist in the unambiguous identification of researchers and thereby the linkage of a\nresearcher’s output to their career record, as they move from organisation to organisation.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c1100","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/37dcb79af86e4a90","nativeRecordCid":"6da714c1-4d91-4b7b-9f7d-db8498e951ff","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c1100","text":"Peer review and/or external expert advice implemented within rigorous processes are important for allocation of funds through open competition.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"peer review and external expert advice in open competition funding","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The guidance provided by HESA on what is deemed to constitute allocation of funds through open\ncompetition underlines the importance of peer review and/or external expert advice implemented\nwithin rigorous processes.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c1101","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/3d2aeb1c555947c4","nativeRecordCid":"08249eb3-c3c2-4ab6-aa80-18beeddaf4f9","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c1101","text":"Most of the bigger UK charities funding higher education research allocate funding primarily on the basis of peer review.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"bigger UK charities funding higher education research","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"it is also apparent that most allocate funding primarily on the basis of peer review\nand/or, to a lesser degree, tap into other forms of expert external advice.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c1102","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/be432b1875c248af","nativeRecordCid":"ca9fffb7-984b-4841-bd5e-ccdafa73cd27","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c1102","text":"Most of the bigger UK charities funding higher education research, to a lesser degree, tap into other forms of expert external advice.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"bigger UK charities funding higher education research","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"it is also apparent that most allocate funding primarily on the basis of peer review\nand/or, to a lesser degree, tap into other forms of expert external advice.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c1103","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/d2c9a1005417421c","nativeRecordCid":"935d6bd6-3975-42e7-9069-f08f90570f42","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c1103","text":"Organisations within the charity sector, like government funders, have been working to enhance their capacity to assess grants and monitor and evaluate the research and activity they support.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"charity sector organisations","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"organisations within the charity sector, like government funders, have been working to\nenhance their capacity to assess grants and monitor and evaluate the research and activity they\nsupport","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c1104","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/bd58cf7bc0c64a52","nativeRecordCid":"7a1d1723-47c8-45b6-bc05-ef8dd1189249","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c1104","text":"Approaches to assessing and monitoring charity-funded research should be kept simple, proportionate and palatable, given that donor funding is predominantly provided to address a specific cause or medical condition.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"charity sector organisations","subject":"assessment and monitoring of charity-funded research","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"the challenge is to keep it simple, proportionate and palatable where donor funding is\npredominantly provided to address a specific cause or medical condition.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c1105","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/c6ea6e69e34743f4","nativeRecordCid":"89f30f3d-e086-4048-81c9-2c8b93bb0e54","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c1105","text":"AMRC advocates that its members' peer review processes should have accountability.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"AMRC members","subject":"peer review conducted by AMRC members","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The Association of Medical\nResearch Charities (AMRC)344 advocates five principles of peer review to its members:\naccountability, balance, independent decision making, rotation and impartiality.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c1106","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/595a259751214a49","nativeRecordCid":"87c48169-a8e2-40d4-99f0-d2599227dbca","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c1106","text":"AMRC advocates that its members' peer review processes should have balance.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"AMRC members","subject":"peer review conducted by AMRC members","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The Association of Medical\nResearch Charities (AMRC)344 advocates five principles of peer review to its members:\naccountability, balance, independent decision making, rotation and impartiality.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c1107","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/4ce5632883104048","nativeRecordCid":"e5f15dd6-149b-4df8-a7ac-75500bb93b54","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c1107","text":"AMRC advocates that its members' peer review processes should have independent decision making.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"AMRC members","subject":"peer review conducted by AMRC members","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The Association of Medical\nResearch Charities (AMRC)344 advocates five principles of peer review to its members:\naccountability, balance, independent decision making, rotation and impartiality.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c1108","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/934ab07afb7042eb","nativeRecordCid":"3314307b-a269-4eae-8d50-36549052d2f1","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c1108","text":"AMRC advocates that its members' peer review processes should have rotation.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"AMRC members","subject":"peer review conducted by AMRC members","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The Association of Medical\nResearch Charities (AMRC)344 advocates five principles of peer review to its members:\naccountability, balance, independent decision making, rotation and impartiality.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c1109","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/5b7f855b2b8247d8","nativeRecordCid":"f0cd545d-5f18-4d6c-8750-703336edf994","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c1109","text":"AMRC advocates that its members' peer review processes should have impartiality.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"AMRC members","subject":"peer review conducted by AMRC members","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The Association of Medical\nResearch Charities (AMRC)344 advocates five principles of peer review to its members:\naccountability, balance, independent decision making, rotation and impartiality.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c1110","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/fd0b67b72f8f4688","nativeRecordCid":"a300ffe0-221f-401e-9f0e-b0a201cb0af4","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c1110","text":"AMRC membership is used by universities, government and funding bodies as a 'hallmark of quality'.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"AMRC membership","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"AMRC also makes a direct link between universities, government and funding\nbodies’ use of AMRC membership as a ‘hallmark of quality’ on the basis of these processes.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c1111","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/9b79e43456794a24","nativeRecordCid":"ae964fc7-517a-472c-a930-4e754a942a96","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c1111","text":"Approaches to research assessment post-award across charities vary and are largely determined by the budget and skills available and adherence to the principles of proportionality.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"post-award research assessment across charities","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Approaches to research assessment post-award across charities vary and are largely determined by the\nbudget and skills available and adhering to the principles of proportionality.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c1112","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/9cee5475d9224142","nativeRecordCid":"f8bd1ada-dea6-4211-882d-8ee4e45baf59","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c1112","text":"The Wellcome Trust is currently the largest medical research charity in the UK.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"the Wellcome Trust","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The Wellcome Trust,\ncurrently the largest medical research charity in the UK, has developed a practical approach to post-\naward monitoring and evaluation which other charities have drawn upon.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c1113","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/dd00798dfd8048ff","nativeRecordCid":"fc2fb52e-c0c0-43ad-92ac-86741641eb1d","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c1113","text":"The Wellcome Trust has developed a practical approach to post-award monitoring and evaluation which other charities have drawn upon.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"the Wellcome Trust","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The Wellcome Trust,\ncurrently the largest medical research charity in the UK, has developed a practical approach to post-\naward monitoring and evaluation which other charities have drawn upon.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c1114","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/795ffd8857f943f4","nativeRecordCid":"41877f41-1598-4f58-9917-79488e505e62","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c1114","text":"Understanding the impacts of research, including what works and what doesn't, is an important requirement to support Wellcome's vision.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"understanding the impacts of research","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Understanding the impacts of research, what works and what doesn’t, is an important requirement to\nsupport Wellcome’s vision:","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c1115","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/1584464463c44d9c","nativeRecordCid":"83fd780d-6f4d-41ca-b1df-346832bf3ca3","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c1115","text":"Most of the information used to demonstrate academic advancements is not objective or quantifiable proof but is proximate 'measures' at best.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"information used to demonstrate academic advancements","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"most of the\ninformation used to demonstrate academic advancements are not objective or quantifiable proofs but\nare proximate ‘measures’ at best, and (2) research and knowledge does not have defined, absolute or\n‘success’ end points so progress is a more helpful concept.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c1116","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/446952b7aa4e43e1","nativeRecordCid":"515f79cc-d09c-4aa5-b67a-1369d4c540a9","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c1116","text":"Research and knowledge does not have defined, absolute or 'success' end points, so progress is a more helpful concept.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"research and knowledge","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"most of the\ninformation used to demonstrate academic advancements are not objective or quantifiable proofs but\nare proximate ‘measures’ at best, and (2) research and knowledge does not have defined, absolute or\n‘success’ end points so progress is a more helpful concept.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c1117","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/a52bf980862f485f","nativeRecordCid":"6ca69477-8e0f-418a-9552-37d0aef1ab34","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c1117","text":"The major challenge in setting up frameworks to support research impact assessment is the limited availability of the types of information that can be used to describe progress and impact.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"frameworks to support research impact assessment","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"the Wellcome Trust recognises that the major challenge in setting up frameworks to support\nimpact assessment is in the availability of the types of information that can be used to describe\nprogress (and impact); put simply, most of the data we would like to be able to bring together to\nunderstand impact are not easily available or accessible.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c1118","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/d096f564a5194e83","nativeRecordCid":"bc1ea599-de78-437a-bc07-8367190de01f","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c1118","text":"In the field of research assessment more broadly, there is a large tendency to rely on more quantitative types of information, such as counts of publication outputs and bibliometrics, as indicators of impact.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"research assessment more broadly","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"In the field of research assessment more broadly, there has been a large tendency to rely on more quantitative types of information (e.g. counts","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c1119","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/1731b31890a94d9b","nativeRecordCid":"7d6a3ac3-1875-4fc7-871b-6ba29cff5de3","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c1119","text":"The outputs of research are broad ranging and not always easily quantified.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"outputs of research","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"of publication outputs\nand bibliometrics) as indicators of impact rather than appreciating that the\noutputs of research are broad ranging and not always easily quantified.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c1120","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/0685ae1513e349dc","nativeRecordCid":"6077ffa4-67c0-461b-b6f8-3f7276c72c35","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c1120","text":"Since signing DORA, the Royal Society has removed the Journal Impact Factor from its journal home pages and marketing materials and no longer uses it as part of its publishing strategy.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"the Royal Society","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"In its publishing activities, ever since it signed DORA, the RS has removed the JIF from its journal home pages and marketing materials, and\nno longer uses them as part of its publishing strategy.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c1121","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/7c4733f9e9c04e17","nativeRecordCid":"2f257087-8375-48cf-b5a8-adac4284287e","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c1121","text":"The British Academy and the Royal Society both use peer review as the primary basis of pre-award research assessment.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"British Academy and Royal Society","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"This section is based on information received from the British Academy (BA)350 and Royal Society\n(RS),351 both of which use peer review as the primary basis of pre-award research assessment.352","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c1122","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/fe2d7c348ff24781","nativeRecordCid":"c66e8cc9-1ebc-46f6-bb7e-7c784d563d75","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c1122","text":"The Royal Society makes limited use of research metrics in its work.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"the Royal Society","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The RS makes limited use of research metrics in its work.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c1123","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/d264cabf01474f92","nativeRecordCid":"cb45ce64-0ec8-46df-95b6-ecc52bce73f8","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c1123","text":"The Royal Society offers article-level metrics tools, such as article downloads and the altmetrics donut, on all its journals.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"the Royal Society","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The RS also offers article-level metrics tools (such as article downloads and\nthe altmetrics donut) on all its journals, and it tracks total downloads at the journal level.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c1124","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/133f4447cc4540d3","nativeRecordCid":"d628e706-8c6c-4aee-b7c3-7ecf892d4835","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c1124","text":"The Royal Society tracks total downloads at the journal level.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"the Royal Society","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The RS also offers article-level metrics tools (such as article downloads and\nthe altmetrics donut) on all its journals, and it tracks total downloads at the journal level.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c1125","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/6cf394d8a9ee410e","nativeRecordCid":"d424320e-5d36-4a36-826c-15e6680016c3","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c1125","text":"The Royal Society provides Journal Impact Factors to authors only as one of a number of metrics, alongside others such as EigenFactor and SCImago journal rank.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"the Royal Society","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"As authors still frequently ask about JIFs,\nhowever, the RS does provide them, but only as one of a number of metrics (including EigenFactor,\nSCImago journal rank etc).","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c1126","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/fad5588fa6054df2","nativeRecordCid":"71c06268-482d-4dc0-bd87-5200bb372182","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c1126","text":"The Royal Society does not use metrics as part of the grant assessment process in assessing and awarding grants.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"the Royal Society","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"In assessing and awarding grants, the RS does not use metrics as part of the grant assessment process.\nDecisions to award grants are based on peer review.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c1127","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/aee1616ebf064c65","nativeRecordCid":"cc65d122-ef89-4468-b2ae-408a89000c13","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c1127","text":"The Royal Society bases decisions to award grants on peer review.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"the Royal Society","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"In assessing and awarding grants, the RS does not use metrics as part of the grant assessment process.\nDecisions to award grants are based on peer review.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c1128","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/182b2624a2d348c9","nativeRecordCid":"9c0f8a99-e640-4f99-a045-5ac15d6af04c","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c1128","text":"The Royal Society uses metrics, together with qualitative measures, to evaluate programmes and demonstrate the impact of programmes funded via its BIS grant.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"the Royal Society","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The RS does use metrics (together with\nqualitative measures) to evaluate programmes and demonstrate the impact of programmes funded via\nits BIS grant. This is retrospective and plays no part in the awarding of grants.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c1129","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/abb980fb247f45ff","nativeRecordCid":"6bf05d0a-3145-4c59-8ef9-eeb562a1958c","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c1129","text":"The Royal Society's use of metrics to evaluate programmes is retrospective and plays no part in the awarding of grants.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"the Royal Society","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The RS does use metrics (together with\nqualitative measures) to evaluate programmes and demonstrate the impact of programmes funded via\nits BIS grant. This is retrospective and plays no part in the awarding of grants.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c1130","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/9b0904c2f85e4e26","nativeRecordCid":"b6dc3607-9078-4366-93cd-e277a42d87f7","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c1130","text":"The Royal Society engages in policy debates over the use of metrics in research assessment and how these shape the research landscape.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"the Royal Society","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"In its policy work, the RS engages in debates over the use of metrics in research assessment and how\nthese shape the research landscape.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c1131","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/c44236283b424467","nativeRecordCid":"9ab04e1b-c6dd-499b-be89-d58d6bff3328","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c1131","text":"The Royal Society uses bibliometrics in some other policy contexts to demonstrate or support specific points.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"the Royal Society","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"although they are used in other policy contexts to demonstrate or support specific points.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c1132","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/d0a30e2484184b5d","nativeRecordCid":"a3aff4aa-976f-44bc-bc30-dde442cd6806","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c1132","text":"The British Academy is a signatory to DORA.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"the British Academy","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The BA is also a signatory to DORA and takes no account of metrics when assessing grant\napplications.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c1133","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/775b791dc9614a49","nativeRecordCid":"b0c32543-5e64-4f44-85eb-7218e89b48d3","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c1133","text":"The British Academy takes no account of metrics when assessing grant applications.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"the British Academy","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The BA is also a signatory to DORA and takes no account of metrics when assessing grant\napplications.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c1134","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/87e9ff4f4aa04db2","nativeRecordCid":"d4231477-dd00-4512-9915-fc1e49a9e707","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c1134","text":"In the British Academy's assessment process, scores provided by assessors at the first assessment stage enable the Academy to evaluate the overall relative quality of applications as marginal, unfundable or fundable.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"the British Academy's assessment process","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"In its assessment processes, scores provided by assessors at the first assessment stage enable the\nAcademy to make an evaluation of their overall relative quality, as marginal, unfundable or fundable.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c1135","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/4b6c369c94f84130","nativeRecordCid":"12b99ae5-e0c2-4f54-a612-bed24443fd3d","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c1135","text":"The British Academy asks assessors to focus primarily on the quality of the proposed research.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"British Academy assessors","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"It asks assessors primarily to focus on the quality of the proposed research, the ability of\nthe applicant(s) to carry it out successfully and the feasibility of methodology and timescale.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c1136","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/6c3ddb01a7df4367","nativeRecordCid":"c612e348-f83f-45f9-a691-e8918786386d","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c1136","text":"The British Academy asks assessors to focus primarily on the ability of the applicant(s) to carry out the proposed research successfully.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"British Academy assessors","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"It asks assessors primarily to focus on the quality of the proposed research, the ability of\nthe applicant(s) to carry it out successfully and the feasibility of methodology and timescale.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c1137","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/90d6472c5b9949d7","nativeRecordCid":"fed9540a-c7da-4bf1-9315-bedd10833de7","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c1137","text":"The British Academy asks assessors to focus primarily on the feasibility of the methodology and timescale of the proposed research.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"British Academy assessors","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"It asks assessors primarily to focus on the quality of the proposed research, the ability of\nthe applicant(s) to carry it out successfully and the feasibility of methodology and timescale.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c1138","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/2bf6db90e7324da2","nativeRecordCid":"040475a4-fdfe-4fd9-9ec0-43966a873686","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c1138","text":"ERC funding schemes are open to researchers of any nationality or age who wish to carry out their frontier research in the 28 EU member states or associated countries.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"ERC funding schemes","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"ERC funding schemes are open to researchers of any nationality or age who wish to carry out their frontier research\nin the 28 EU member states or associated countries.354","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c1139","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/2fdb3232b26b4d02","nativeRecordCid":"ed9a4509-6a16-4c95-8f91-e0ee35af7679","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c1139","text":"ERC funding is based on international peer review with excellence as the sole criteria.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"ERC funding","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"ERC funding\nis based on international peer review355 with “excellence as the sole criteria”.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c1140","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/85eccab582d74b06","nativeRecordCid":"9ae6e9ca-2dbf-4876-bb28-9331b68be394","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c1140","text":"The evaluation of Horizon2020 proposals is founded on principles of expert review.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"Horizon2020 proposal evaluation","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The evaluation of Horizon2020 proposals is also founded on principles of expert review, guided by the principles of: excellence; transparency; fairness and impartiality; efficiency and speed; ethics; and security.356","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c1141","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/aed0d1509c2f4089","nativeRecordCid":"e72f91a9-4f34-47cf-b6f5-b373725bca1a","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c1141","text":"The evaluation of Horizon2020 proposals is guided by the principle of excellence.","kind":"definitional","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"Horizon2020 proposal evaluation","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The evaluation of Horizon2020 proposals is also founded on principles of expert review, guided by the principles of: excellence; transparency; fairness and impartiality; efficiency and speed; ethics; and security.356","representedInStars":false}
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{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c1144","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/0f7839b4b36046f2","nativeRecordCid":"74f48d6d-6a33-4374-8246-00a332389d3f","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c1144","text":"The evaluation of Horizon2020 proposals is guided by the principle of efficiency and speed.","kind":"definitional","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"Horizon2020 proposal evaluation","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The evaluation of Horizon2020 proposals is also founded on principles of expert review, guided by the principles of: excellence; transparency; fairness and impartiality; efficiency and speed; ethics; and security.356","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c1145","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/0fec1b0d85464f1a","nativeRecordCid":"9e5bdecb-3801-4a34-a114-1cf7c2d0900f","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c1145","text":"The evaluation of Horizon2020 proposals is guided by the principle of ethics.","kind":"definitional","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"Horizon2020 proposal evaluation","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The evaluation of Horizon2020 proposals is also founded on principles of expert review, guided by the principles of: excellence; transparency; fairness and impartiality; efficiency and speed; ethics; and security.356","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c1146","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/f33e20c7c29b4b8c","nativeRecordCid":"76f94aac-dd72-400e-b065-dc39dc909389","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c1146","text":"The evaluation of Horizon2020 proposals is guided by the principle of security.","kind":"definitional","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"Horizon2020 proposal evaluation","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The evaluation of Horizon2020 proposals is also founded on principles of expert review, guided by the principles of: excellence; transparency; fairness and impartiality; efficiency and speed; ethics; and security.356","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c1147","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/1517613fe86a4999","nativeRecordCid":"1b053cb0-6d4d-4ef2-9c51-acaf7f29b00d","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c1147","text":"The Policy Support Facility (PSF) is an instrument to give EU member state governments practical support to identify, implement and evaluate reforms needed to enhance the quality of their public funding, such as opening up public funding to competition, introducing performance assessments of universities, or stimulating co-operation between academia and business.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"Policy Support Facility (PSF)","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The PSF is a new instrument to give EU member state governments practical support to identify, implement and\nevaluate those reforms needed to enhance the quality of their public funding, such as opening up\npublic funding to competition and introducing performance assessments of universities, or stimulating\nco-operation between academia and business.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c1148","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/03b88d34d70e4acf","nativeRecordCid":"01f03df7-ee19-409e-9b29-21ed132c6b8a","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c1148","text":"The Policy Support Facility supports government officials from other countries to peer review the effectiveness of research and innovation policies.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"Policy Support Facility (PSF)","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"It supports government officials from other countries to peer review the effectiveness of research and\ninnovation policies and provides access to independent high-level expertise and analysis.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c1149","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/4374305e83ea4ca1","nativeRecordCid":"8488a540-6c46-4240-803e-63a35181cfea","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c1149","text":"The Policy Support Facility provides access to independent high-level expertise and analysis.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"Policy Support Facility (PSF)","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"It supports government officials from other countries to peer review the effectiveness of research and\ninnovation policies and provides access to independent high-level expertise and analysis.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c1150","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/6a85893cea9b46de","nativeRecordCid":"91f64b75-7d19-4863-af6f-c89e864a0aac","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c1150","text":"Bibliometrics are often used to compare research output across nations.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"bibliometrics","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Bibliometrics are often used to compare research output across\nnations,363 and many countries and regions have published studies to identify\nstrengths, gaps and opportunities in their research base.364","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c1151","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/bdba9a5baed74a2e","nativeRecordCid":"7a9875ea-e98d-4b83-a9dc-4c8da04fc1bf","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c1151","text":"Many countries and regions have published studies to identify strengths, gaps and opportunities in their research base.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"countries' research-base studies","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Bibliometrics are often used to compare research output across\nnations,363 and many countries and regions have published studies to identify\nstrengths, gaps and opportunities in their research base.364","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c1152","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/23aa6c45cd144a78","nativeRecordCid":"0d2b1e62-c978-4fa3-9cce-666f43e5bed4","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c1152","text":"The World Health Organisation is promoting efforts to combine data on global health research investments in a single 'health research observatory'.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"WHO health research observatory effort","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The World Health\nOrganisation is promoting efforts to combine data on global health research","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c1153","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/f99173142d044429","nativeRecordCid":"ce0e76ca-cd0f-419e-9a2f-8505691daec8","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c1153","text":"A single 'health research observatory' would allow analysis of international investments in research.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"health research observatory","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"investments in a single ‘health research observatory’ which would allow analysis of\ninternational investments in research.365 However, information on research portfolios\nis rarely complete at a national level, let alone in a consistent format internationally.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c1154","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/6242670e1c1345f9","nativeRecordCid":"85eae2d0-4b8b-4514-a56c-f6aaa1d5caa5","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c1154","text":"Information on research portfolios is rarely complete at a national level, let alone in a consistent format internationally.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"research portfolio information","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"investments in a single ‘health research observatory’ which would allow analysis of\ninternational investments in research.365 However, information on research portfolios\nis rarely complete at a national level, let alone in a consistent format internationally.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c1155","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/01fcf21eac57472d","nativeRecordCid":"ebe7b59c-2b3b-4b24-9f7b-cd68be793ad3","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c1155","text":"Science Europe and some European member state funding agencies are exploring the use of metrics in relation to humanities research as part of campaigns to make humanities research more visible.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"metrics for humanities research","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Science Europe and some European member state funding agencies are exploring the\nuse of metrics in relation to humanities research as part of campaigns to make\nhumanities research more ‘visible’.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c1156","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/e85641c3eccb4c5b","nativeRecordCid":"dc7c59fe-3f25-4799-b73e-1a18aca14818","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c1156","text":"It is difficult to establish a comprehensive database for the humanities.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"comprehensive database for the humanities","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Previous attempts – such as the European\nReference Index for the Humanities (ERIH)366 have highlighted how difficult it is to\nestablish a comprehensive database for the humanities.367","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c1157","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/9306f36225724756","nativeRecordCid":"67d2221b-ce38-4a9c-a916-1923f3d15ca3","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c1157","text":"Various efforts have been made by funders and sponsors to progress more sophisticated research assessment and management methodologies within the UK and beyond.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"research assessment methodologies","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"As noted above, various efforts have been made by funders and sponsors to progress more\nsophisticated research assessment and management methodologies within the UK and beyond.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c1158","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/46701eea97b94b3c","nativeRecordCid":"5ddfa9dd-20f8-4514-8d2e-ec51b88d6b09","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c1158","text":"Many funders, including RCUK and Wellcome, are vocal advocates for greater investment in 'science of science policy' research.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"funders advocating science of science policy","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Many\nfunders, including RCUK and Wellcome, are vocal advocates for greater investment in more ‘science\nof science policy’ research.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c1159","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/7940190ccd764578","nativeRecordCid":"21510098-04e0-4863-9ae7-b19450ccc675","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c1159","text":"There are poor levels of interoperability across the research assessment system, as many of the funders and other organisations involved in research assessment and management operate in silos.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"interoperability across research assessment system","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Moreover, there are poor levels of interoperability across the system, as many of the funders and other organisations involved in research\nassessment and management operate in silos.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c1160","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/b6df55cc97c64625","nativeRecordCid":"716bba7e-066e-4a20-b95c-69290779aa46","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c1160","text":"More should be done to improve transparency and openness in research assessment.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"","subject":"transparency and openness in research assessment","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"However, much more could still be done to improve transparency and openness.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c1161","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/ad990d6e113c4a3a","nativeRecordCid":"df81ec2a-29f1-4fbd-9389-b5182b712f74","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c1161","text":"It is too often difficult or impossible for those outside an organisation to find and understand the terms and approaches to research assessment being employed.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"transparency of research assessment terms","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Too often, it is\ndifficult or impossible for those outside an organisation to find and understand the terms and\napproaches to research assessment being employed.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c1162","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/2efc6b4596ce40c2","nativeRecordCid":"378fc5cd-e55c-4e27-9634-b13911a8d328","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c1162","text":"Problems of poor transparency and interoperability extend beyond the main actors within the research system to the government departments and agencies that try to shape the overall policy framework for research and the wider innovation system.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"scope of research-system problems","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"These problems extend beyond the main actors within the research system, and to the government\ndepartments and agencies that try to shape the overall policy framework for research and for wider\naspects of the innovation system.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c1163","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/5804e1bb72964907","nativeRecordCid":"034bd6d9-0157-4205-9f2d-bf4c74e38a38","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c1163","text":"The quality of information-flows matters hugely for effective management of the research system.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"information-flow quality","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"For effective management of the research system, the quality of information-flows matters hugely.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c1164","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/3e595410a80f4a11","nativeRecordCid":"441e8b96-6b10-40b5-b13f-d31acec9a3d7","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c1164","text":"Government gets relatively little value from the enormous amount of effort that goes into gathering information for research management and assessment, across both sides of the dual support system.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"government value from research information effort","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"But at the moment, government gets relatively little value from the enormous amount of effort that\ngoes into gathering information for research management and assessment, across both sides of the\ndual support system.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c1165","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/96161b1ceda64792","nativeRecordCid":"ff661306-cdf2-434b-91ad-391f3e7ed51b","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c1165","text":"As real-time data on the performance and impacts of the higher education and research system increases in volume and sophistication, it can be analysed and used in new, interconnected ways.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"real-time HE and research performance data","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"As real-time data on the performance and impacts of the higher education and research system\nincreases in volume and sophistication, it can be analysed and used in new, interconnected ways.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c1166","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/af6e0ae489314ef3","nativeRecordCid":"504fbc74-31d0-4400-ac70-0c058ac31816","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c1166","text":"The Higher Education Data and Information Improvement Programme (HEDIIP) aims to integrate and simplify processes of data capture, reporting and analysis.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"HEDIIP","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"HESA and Jisc are exploring future possibilities in this area through the Higher Education Data and\nInformation Improvement Programme (HEDIIP), which aims to integrate and simplify processes of\ndata capture, reporting and analysis.370","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c1167","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/ca743406fafa4ec8","nativeRecordCid":"e89aa1af-7f25-42f2-bcd9-6e0f7e0d0ccd","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c1167","text":"The next-generation Higher Education Information Database for Institutions (HEIDI) aims to ease the burden for users in higher education providers of accessing, extracting and manipulating data for essential planning and reporting.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"HEIDI","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"HESA and Jisc are also leading the development of a next-\ngeneration Higher Education Information Database for Institutions (HEIDI), which aims “to ease the\nburden for users in higher education providers of accessing, extracting and manipulating data for\nessential planning and reporting.” 371","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c1168","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/a692643424fc45f4","nativeRecordCid":"37fbe259-214f-4f51-89cc-396e7c1953b6","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c1168","text":"HEDIIP and HEIDI are focused on the teaching side of the higher education system.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"HEDIIP and HEIDI scope","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Both HEDIIP and HEIDI are focused on the teaching side of the\nhigher education system, where data has in large part been managed separately from the research side,","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c1169","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/0a7df3dc96574c0a","nativeRecordCid":"740f29b4-d8ec-4d7b-bfef-09f3baf2f02c","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c1169","text":"On the teaching side of the higher education system, data has in large part been managed separately from the research side.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"teaching-side data management","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Both HEDIIP and HEIDI are focused on the teaching side of the\nhigher education system, where data has in large part been managed separately from the research side,","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c1170","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/5bd86bfaf3e54eb2","nativeRecordCid":"b9b43858-feeb-4487-9e79-1d7d5dfa09d3","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c1170","text":"The scope for sensitive integration of processes across the higher education and research system as a whole is likely to increase.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"integration of HE/research system processes","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"the scope for sensitive integration of processes across the system as a whole is likely to increase.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c1171","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/4384817e711f4645","nativeRecordCid":"d466f613-e866-4b1a-acf0-2f47bc45a505","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c1171","text":"A 'teaching excellence framework' may include its own outcome-focused metrics.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"teaching excellence framework","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"but with discussions now underway at a policy level about the introduction of a ‘teaching excellence\nframework’ (which may include its own outcome-focused metrics),372","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c1172","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/ecf55e1d87bd4138","nativeRecordCid":"91b838bb-857c-4ca1-8577-b16a92061bef","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c1172","text":"Policies for higher education, research and the wider innovation system can be made more robust if they are supported and informed by high quality data from within the research system.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"HE and research policy robustness","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"At a national level, policies for higher education, research and the wider innovation system can be\nmade more robust if they are supported and informed by high quality data from within the research\nsystem.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c1173","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/46f17349ebbe4f9b","nativeRecordCid":"d5696d71-fe80-4427-a558-812774775f75","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c1173","text":"Links between 'micro' data and indicators, as captured by the REF, Researchfish and Gateway to Research, and 'macro' policies and strategies set by HM Treasury, BIS, Research Councils and Innovate UK, are under-developed.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"micro-macro data links","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Currently, links between ‘micro’ data and indicators, as captured by the REF, Researchfish\nand Gateway to Research, and ‘macro’ policies and strategies set by HM Treasury, BIS, Research\nCouncils and Innovate UK are under-developed.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c1174","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/0668d54e5a2f48fa","nativeRecordCid":"5a612598-7fc0-4273-817b-fa2ac55ffcd1","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c1174","text":"The under-development of links between micro-level data and macro-level policies also applies at the international level.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"micro-macro data links, international level","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"This also applies at the international level, for\nexample in the uses that bodies like the OECD make of micro-level research data to inform the\nmeasurement and benchmarking of national research and innovation systems.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c1175","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/044407cdbc1a450a","nativeRecordCid":"f8490d72-4318-464a-bfac-6e621b7b2af0","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c1175","text":"Some countries are beginning to draw on scientometric mapping and analysis in more creative and strategic ways to shape technology and innovation policies.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"scientometric mapping and analysis","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Some countries are beginning to draw on scientometric mapping and analysis in more creative and\nstrategic ways to shape technology and innovation policies,374 to determine funding priorities and\nmanage portfolios,375 to measure the wider impacts of research,376 or to support wider approaches to\nforesight and horizon scanning.377","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c1176","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/6de13393bd7a4310","nativeRecordCid":"ab6e4f92-41cd-400b-9451-2d47263aaa2d","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c1176","text":"Some countries are beginning to draw on scientometric mapping and analysis in more creative and strategic ways to determine funding priorities and manage portfolios.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"scientometric mapping and analysis","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Some countries are beginning to draw on scientometric mapping and analysis in more creative and\nstrategic ways to shape technology and innovation policies,374 to determine funding priorities and\nmanage portfolios,375 to measure the wider impacts of research,376 or to support wider approaches to\nforesight and horizon scanning.377","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c1177","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/c7c7cfabf8ea4165","nativeRecordCid":"40962f0e-6446-41a0-814b-4ba50571ea51","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c1177","text":"Some countries are beginning to draw on scientometric mapping and analysis in more creative and strategic ways to measure the wider impacts of research.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"scientometric mapping and analysis","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Some countries are beginning to draw on scientometric mapping and analysis in more creative and\nstrategic ways to shape technology and innovation policies,374 to determine funding priorities and\nmanage portfolios,375 to measure the wider impacts of research,376 or to support wider approaches to\nforesight and horizon scanning.377","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c1178","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/3bdd81a390834af9","nativeRecordCid":"6f88feaf-37ab-4c70-9fdf-451072974f07","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c1178","text":"Some countries are beginning to draw on scientometric mapping and analysis in more creative and strategic ways to support wider approaches to foresight and horizon scanning.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"scientometric mapping and analysis","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Some countries are beginning to draw on scientometric mapping and analysis in more creative and\nstrategic ways to shape technology and innovation policies,374 to determine funding priorities and\nmanage portfolios,375 to measure the wider impacts of research,376 or to support wider approaches to\nforesight and horizon scanning.377","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c1179","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/407a491ec864407d","nativeRecordCid":"8b811bd1-0184-447e-8d43-b2aeb8431ec9","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c1179","text":"Further work should be done across the UK research system to link different datasets.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"the UK research system","subject":"linking of UK research datasets","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"further work should be done across the UK research system to\nlink different datasets, so that connections, interdependencies and trade-offs between different parts of\nthe research system can be more readily identified and fed back into policymaking.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c1180","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/24c33a68c74f4103","nativeRecordCid":"249895e6-58a7-488f-b077-60426ba1b670","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c1180","text":"BIS, Cabinet Office and Government Office for Science are best placed to coordinate efforts to link different datasets across the research system, with input from HEFCE, HESA, Jisc, Research Councils, Innovate UK and HEIs.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"coordination of dataset-linking efforts","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"BIS, Cabinet Office\n(in terms of links to the open data agenda) and Government Office for Science (in terms of links to\nForesight and horizon scanning) are best placed to coordinate these efforts, with input from HEFCE,\nHESA, Jisc, Research Councils, Innovate UK and HEIs.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c1181","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/eb08f4484dd34011","nativeRecordCid":"27c30241-6c58-4bce-a795-e1d535da7976","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c1181","text":"The broader opportunities to connect research data to policy should form part of the remit of a new Forum for Responsible Metrics.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"the new Forum for Responsible Metrics","subject":"Forum for Responsible Metrics remit","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"These broader opportunities to connect research data to policy should also form part of the remit of a\nnew Forum for Responsible Metrics (see Chapter 10).","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c1182","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/fb0a5696e0d4478d","nativeRecordCid":"9e11e6cd-616c-430f-91fb-fcc931ae7be3","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c1182","text":"The REF provides information about research quality that is used by the UK HE Funding Bodies to distribute funding for research.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"REF","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The exercise provides both information about research quality that is used by the UK HE Funding Bodies to distribute funding for research, and\naccountability for public research investment.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c1183","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/1dd3fd78ea4645f2","nativeRecordCid":"2134fae2-50b7-4879-9efd-74ee87f336e5","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c1183","text":"The REF provides accountability for public research investment.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"REF","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The exercise provides both information about research quality that is used by the UK HE Funding Bodies to distribute funding for research, and\naccountability for public research investment.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c1184","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/74b099fc460b4141","nativeRecordCid":"9f72ea65-5b53-46da-96f4-f8c4f2274578","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c1184","text":"More or less quantitative approaches to national research assessment are already being used, or being considered, outside the UK.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"quantitative national research assessment approaches","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The findings in this chapter will\nalso be of interest outside the UK, where more or less quantitative approaches to national research\nassessment are already being used, or being considered.380","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c1185","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/9b35c6e36d30489a","nativeRecordCid":"60f7330e-fa39-4ff2-8ad4-a7fcb1defb13","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c1185","text":"REF research quality assessments provide valuable information that allows institutions to benchmark their performance against others in the UK.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"REF research quality assessments","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The research quality assessments also provide valuable\ninformation that allows institutions to benchmark their performance against others in the UK.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c1186","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/5e7384ed525c4cf0","nativeRecordCid":"3afc6221-741a-4d4d-b54e-bfc625f0d89e","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c1186","text":"REF benchmarking allows the identification of strengths and weaknesses in institutions' research performance.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"REF benchmarking","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"And\nthis, in turn, allows the identification of strengths and weaknesses that provide both incentives for\nimprovement and the information needed to target actions to achieve that improvement.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c1187","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/dade4291b2aa4544","nativeRecordCid":"b6c36068-7ca1-4a38-8435-28ac77271345","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c1187","text":"The identification of institutions' strengths and weaknesses provides incentives for improvement.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"identification of strengths and weaknesses","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"And\nthis, in turn, allows the identification of strengths and weaknesses that provide both incentives for\nimprovement and the information needed to target actions to achieve that improvement.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c1188","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/80b60f949fbf4967","nativeRecordCid":"e3bf60bd-a628-4fa4-ae6f-c62a87a7d49e","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c1188","text":"The identification of institutions' strengths and weaknesses provides the information needed to target actions to achieve improvement.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"identification of strengths and weaknesses","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"And\nthis, in turn, allows the identification of strengths and weaknesses that provide both incentives for\nimprovement and the information needed to target actions to achieve that improvement.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c1189","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/bde00e5d7200477d","nativeRecordCid":"2ba79025-0de2-4e93-a538-cbb8419e948c","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c1189","text":"The overall quality of UK research has improved over the past 30 years.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"UK research quality","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"there is good and varied evidence that\nthe overall quality of UK research has improved over that period.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c1190","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/f73fa8acd0ae463a","nativeRecordCid":"e66669b0-f8ab-40bb-aae0-1f057ada5676","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c1190","text":"Research assessment in general, and the REF in particular, bring benefits.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"research assessment and the REF","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"While research assessment in general, and the REF in particular, bring benefits, this is not without\ncost.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c1191","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/6bc113933364483d","nativeRecordCid":"2b192218-35ce-40e1-b2be-2fea5edd3614","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c1191","text":"Research assessment, including the REF, is not without cost.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"research assessment and the REF","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"While research assessment in general, and the REF in particular, bring benefits, this is not without\ncost.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c1192","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/19b257d78c6146f6","nativeRecordCid":"5d154613-b0d1-4fc1-a404-f4c209a4da64","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c1192","text":"The opportunities to gather quantitative data about research are increasing.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"opportunities to gather quantitative research data","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"It is also the case that there is evidence that the opportunities to gather quantitative data about\nresearch are increasing.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c1193","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/b73ee79ba3f84b51","nativeRecordCid":"44e0a5b1-3e5a-4b0f-bbd4-d9a6a53153aa","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c1193","text":"There is a growing suite of bibliometric indicators.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"bibliometric indicators","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"As well as a growing suite of bibliometric indicators, the range of disciplines to which those indicators\ncan be applied is also rising.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c1194","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/775b1ce2d4ff4775","nativeRecordCid":"b3a4fbaf-7274-48f7-87bc-922a763e38d6","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c1194","text":"The range of disciplines to which bibliometric indicators can be applied is rising.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"bibliometric indicators' disciplinary range","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"As well as a growing suite of bibliometric indicators, the range of disciplines to which those indicators\ncan be applied is also rising.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c1195","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/71dd17031128424a","nativeRecordCid":"c599ce9e-2bc1-4968-aaae-f080dedc138c","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c1195","text":"The repertoire of metrics that can be attached to research outputs is increasing.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"repertoire of metrics for research outputs","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"As set out in the literature review (Supplementary Report I), and Chapter 3, the\nrepertoire of metrics that can be attached to research outputs is increasing.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c1196","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/ba703c9b1af04c88","nativeRecordCid":"ab278dce-2146-463e-be1c-9530917af690","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c1196","text":"The measurement of social media sharing and other online mentions of research raises the possibility of quantitative data that provides some evidence for the impact of research beyond its value in academia.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"social media and online mention metrics","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"and the measurement of social media sharing, and other online mentions of research, raises the\npossibility of quantitative data that provides some evidence for the impact of research beyond its value\nin academia.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c1197","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/75b5466111ab4361","nativeRecordCid":"82dea9df-3d17-4ef0-a433-4d19b230caa3","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c1197","text":"Bookmarking services like Academia.edu, Mendeley and ResearchGate offer the prospect of the earlier prediction of papers that will become highly cited.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"academic bookmarking services","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Bookmarking services like Academia.edu, Mendeley and ResearchGate offer the prospect of\nthe earlier prediction of papers that will become highly cited,","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c1198","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/872d600429fe4dd7","nativeRecordCid":"b2e4e33d-0f29-407d-817f-c04886e56023","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c1198","text":"Peer review is used across the global research system.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"peer review","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"While peer review is used across the global research system, and is widely accepted as the ‘gold\nstandard’ of assessment, it is not without its problems and challenges.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c1199","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/b684a31922b84993","nativeRecordCid":"63e12aa3-2266-4449-81e9-5e81eac4c515","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c1199","text":"Peer review is widely accepted as the 'gold standard' of assessment.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"peer review","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"While peer review is used across the global research system, and is widely accepted as the ‘gold\nstandard’ of assessment, it is not without its problems and challenges.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c1200","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/9e000fa2e0db4423","nativeRecordCid":"2be741b4-d98c-4099-a88f-3ea7703e615f","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c1200","text":"Peer review is not without its problems and challenges.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"peer review","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"While peer review is used across the global research system, and is widely accepted as the ‘gold\nstandard’ of assessment, it is not without its problems and challenges.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c1201","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/2b8b06545a7449df","nativeRecordCid":"752020fc-c85f-4843-b3d1-ef886be8763d","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c1201","text":"Peer review may be biased in numerous ways, leading to outcomes that are related to factors other than the merit of the object reviewed.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"peer review bias","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"These\nare discussed in Chapter 5 of this report (and the literature review, Supplementary Report I), and\ninclude numerous ways in which peer review may be biased, leading to outcomes that are related to\nfactors other than the merit of the object reviewed.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c1202","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/c8d5690d495e45f6","nativeRecordCid":"5c31887a-51c6-47c4-ab00-2c104989444e","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c1202","text":"The REF is a process built on expert and peer review.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"REF","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"At its heart, the REF is a process built on expert and peer review.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c1203","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/60bcf20517e84ec3","nativeRecordCid":"5cd2da6c-dab4-45f5-b955-12cfc5685ba8","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c1203","text":"Peer review itself may not always deliver an accurate outcome.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"peer review accuracy","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"we also need to acknowledge that peer review itself may not always deliver an accurate outcome.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c1204","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/0aaf684495a1445d","nativeRecordCid":"74fdb18e-357e-49ef-9c5d-76e74a63c80d","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c1204","text":"The disciplinary coverage of citation databases and the diversity of publication practices mean that bibliometric indicators cannot be considered to be equally applicable across all disciplines.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"bibliometric indicators' applicability across disciplines","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Firstly, the disciplinary coverage of citation databases and the diversity of publication practices mean that bibliometric indicators cannot be considered to be equally applicable across all disciplines.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c1205","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/d03cba8585a4411f","nativeRecordCid":"09e8dcb1-c07b-458a-9951-05d75154753f","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c1205","text":"There are significant limitations of bibliometric indicators that have implications for their use in national research assessment systems.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"limitations of bibliometric indicators","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Secondly, there are significant limitations of bibliometric indicators that have implications for their use in national research assessment systems.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c1206","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/a0d9836aaa3649d3","nativeRecordCid":"638ca7f1-2538-4004-83ce-8dead99ab475","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c1206","text":"The choice of indicators may have behavioural consequences on institutions or researchers, at least some of which are not aligned with policy objectives.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"choice of indicators and behavioural consequences","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Thirdly, the choice of indicators may have behavioural consequences on institutions or researchers, at least some of which are not aligned with policy objectives.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c1207","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/bf9fd91ed321477e","nativeRecordCid":"54be9140-d0f8-4b76-bd6f-179d4e44bc9d","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c1207","text":"While there are correlations between metrics and peer review-based assessments, they vary by indicator, by field and by level of aggregation.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"correlations between metrics and peer review","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Fourthly, while there are correlations between metrics and peer review-based assessments, they vary by indicator, by field and by level of aggregation (see Chapter 5).","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c1208","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/5c19ae57650548b1","nativeRecordCid":"fcf8fca6-4036-48f7-b9d3-8b9cf8a92e7c","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c1208","text":"Some fields show strong correlations between metrics and peer ratings, but many fields have moderate to weak correlations between metrics and peer ratings.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"correlations between metrics and peer ratings by field","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Some fields show strong correlations, but many fields have moderate to weak correlations between metrics and peer ratings.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c1209","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/c737b340939944f1","nativeRecordCid":"7b169e06-9c0b-4973-9baa-0e4c83a51d73","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c1209","text":"The power of bibliometric indicators to predict the outcomes of peer review, and vice versa, is rather limited.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"predictive power of bibliometric indicators","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"In particular, the evidence suggests that the power of bibliometric indicators to predict the outcomes of peer review (and vice versa) is rather limited.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c1210","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/ba7d28a01afa48d6","nativeRecordCid":"3901124b-756c-47dc-8d09-355197509090","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c1210","text":"The existence of strong correlations is a necessary but not a sufficient condition to replace peer review by bibliometric indicators.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"correlations and replacing peer review with bibliometrics","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Fifthly, the existence of strong correlations is a necessary but not a sufficient condition to replace peer review by bibliometric indicators, since the role of national research assessments does not limit itself to the distribution of research funds.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c1211","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/f302429265224817","nativeRecordCid":"3a990dda-26fb-49eb-94a9-2a97749eec8f","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c1211","text":"The role of national research assessments does not limit itself to the distribution of research funds.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"role of national research assessments","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Fifthly, the existence of strong correlations is a necessary but not a sufficient condition to replace peer review by bibliometric indicators, since the role of national research assessments does not limit itself to the distribution of research funds.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c1212","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/523d865a7e77423e","nativeRecordCid":"ebecce92-2132-4679-b070-bc3de2810cb2","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c1212","text":"Alternative metrics did not appear to add any additional information for the assessment of outputs.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"alternative metrics and additional information for outputs","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The literature review (in Section 3) also examined the potential of new ‘alternative metrics’ for the assessment of outputs and concluded that they did not appear to add any additional information for the assessment of outputs, and can also be susceptible to biases, gaming and difficulties of interpretation.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c1213","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/43713d5e3bb64c59","nativeRecordCid":"ec32ba74-a311-4f1b-90f6-cf09196c5f2a","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c1213","text":"Alternative metrics can be susceptible to biases, gaming and difficulties of interpretation.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"alternative metrics' susceptibility to biases and gaming","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The literature review (in Section 3) also examined the potential of new ‘alternative metrics’ for the assessment of outputs and concluded that they did not appear to add any additional information for the assessment of outputs, and can also be susceptible to biases, gaming and difficulties of interpretation.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c1214","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/4dfd46b2947644f4","nativeRecordCid":"1f2cabf2-9e00-4bd1-ad80-b778f234055d","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c1214","text":"Peer review judgements and quantitative indicators correlate, but only weakly.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"correlation of peer review and quantitative indicators","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Evidence from the scholarly literature on this point (Supplementary Report I, Section 2.2) suggests that peer review judgements and quantitative indicators correlate, but only weakly.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c1215","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/3ed02bbfc70e4ec3","nativeRecordCid":"cd9ffa32-702c-4a79-9dff-659b240ab3cf","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c1215","text":"All the studies examining the relationship between bibliometric indicators and the outcomes of peer review in the RAE and REF have been carried out at the level of the scores given to whole submissions to the exercise, grouping together outputs from, typically, a university department.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"studies on bibliometric indicators and peer review outcomes","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"All the studies examining the relationship between bibliometric indicators and the outcomes of peer review in the RAE and REF have been carried out at the level of the scores given to whole submissions to the exercise, grouping together outputs from, typically, a university department.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c1216","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/55e4a52c25fb4c95","nativeRecordCid":"37f4dbb8-9d56-4795-acaa-1773b7bdc49a","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c1216","text":"Looking very closely at output-level scores and metrics allows for a more robust judgement to be made about any correlative link between a peer review process and various metrics at the level of the individual research contribution.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"output-level analysis of scores and metrics","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"In our view, HEFCE’s analysis is superior to Elsevier’s, as looking very closely at output-level scores and metrics allows for a more robust judgement to be made about any correlative link between the REF peer review process and various metrics at the level of the individual research contribution.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c1217","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/a8ab15bf88fc431b","nativeRecordCid":"3b35d7f6-9a71-4a59-8536-058c14fca84b","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c1217","text":"Preparing for the REF impact element brought HEIs benefits in terms of better understanding their impact.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"REF impact element preparation","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"For HEIs, preparing for the impact element brought benefits in terms of better understanding their\nimpact, and providing strategic insight into the maximal delivery of impact from research.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c1218","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/b89f881ed6a5421e","nativeRecordCid":"0586a117-1596-4635-bdce-b042121ccee4","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c1218","text":"Preparing for the REF impact element brought HEIs benefits in terms of providing strategic insight into the maximal delivery of impact from research.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"REF impact element preparation","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"For HEIs, preparing for the impact element brought benefits in terms of better understanding their\nimpact, and providing strategic insight into the maximal delivery of impact from research.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c1219","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/08fc8b8d72a84f42","nativeRecordCid":"4a97bf54-c816-43ed-923e-e73d40856304","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c1219","text":"Concerns were raised about the burden of preparing submissions for the REF impact element.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"REF impact element submissions","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"There were, however, concerns raised\nabout the burden of preparing the submission, and the cost of this part of the exercise alone is\nestimated to be £55 million across the whole sector.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c1220","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/ef740ad147a04fba","nativeRecordCid":"86d8ac11-ef69-456a-b9cb-35938362097c","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c1220","text":"Evidencing research impact is challenging.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"evidencing research impact","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"A common theme in both the experience of HEIs in preparing submissions to the impact element, and\nthe experience of panel members in the assessment, were the challenges of evidencing impact.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c1221","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/a38386f35e684a2d","nativeRecordCid":"85880bfc-7a7c-4371-93a9-db16c524d3f0","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c1221","text":"Panel members faced particular challenges in assessing corroborating evidence for impact, especially where this evidence was qualitative in nature.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"panel members assessing corroborating evidence","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"For panel members, in particular, there were\nchallenges in making assessments of corroborating evidence, especially where this was qualitative in\nnature.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c1222","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/9161ede2c9104b3f","nativeRecordCid":"8ace64a5-58ac-4a01-abac-8488b2bcc62c","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c1222","text":"A number of metrics have been proposed for the assessment of research impact, including those related to patents and other intellectual property documentation, social media dissemination and discussion, and weblinks and traffic.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"metrics proposed for impact assessment","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"A number of metrics have been proposed for the assessment of impact, including those related to patents\n(and their citations) and other documentation relating to intellectual property rights, social media\ndissemination and discussion, or weblinks and traffic.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c1223","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/dcc1dbcfde4042fb","nativeRecordCid":"c6bee806-2f64-45f5-bd0e-345f49a3f0e7","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c1223","text":"The use of quantitative data for the assessment of broader research impact is a newer phenomenon compared to the long-established use of bibliometrics for analysing the academic impact of journal articles.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"quantitative data for impact assessment","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Compared to bibliometrics, where their use for the analysis of the academic impact of journal articles\nhas a long history, the use of quantitative data for the assessment of broader impact is a newer\nphenomenon (see Chapter 3).","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c1224","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/80d90bff940a4985","nativeRecordCid":"ba0e1903-b23e-4728-9fe1-56d3896611f1","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c1224","text":"Most, if not all, of the quantitative indicators proposed for assessing research impact are highly specific to particular types of research impact.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"quantitative indicators for impact","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"It also the case that most, if not all, of the quantitative indicators proposed are highly specific to\nparticular types of research impact.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c1225","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/5df148f12d6e446d","nativeRecordCid":"c3ffc5c2-0c97-42c2-8aea-e5da093c7fae","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c1225","text":"Metrics proposed for assessing research impact are in an early stage of development.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"metrics proposed for impact assessment","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"All of these\nindicators are in an early stage of development, and have not been extensively analysed or validated","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c1226","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/a08dadb3d59a4f4a","nativeRecordCid":"942fb98e-f516-4944-ae84-a5f108029d82","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c1226","text":"Metrics proposed for assessing research impact have not been extensively analysed or validated.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"metrics proposed for impact assessment","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"All of these\nindicators are in an early stage of development, and have not been extensively analysed or validated","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c1227","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/b7459a76393d47a5","nativeRecordCid":"ee789421-fa7c-4bcb-90a9-a1cedb396597","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c1227","text":"Patent numbers or citations may be relevant for measuring some impacts that arise from research commercialisation.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"patent numbers or citations","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"For example, while patent numbers or citations may be relevant for some impacts\nthat arise from research commercialisation, they are of no value in measuring policy impact.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c1228","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/34e1189287eb49f3","nativeRecordCid":"05204917-b6ad-4d8b-8c81-f5015abafeb1","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c1228","text":"Patent numbers or citations are of no value in measuring policy impact.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"patent numbers or citations","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"For example, while patent numbers or citations may be relevant for some impacts\nthat arise from research commercialisation, they are of no value in measuring policy impact.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c1229","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/78fc10620d08408f","nativeRecordCid":"e3742a16-a8f6-4c96-beb4-40e77dfdca54","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c1229","text":"In the Australian ERA, quantitative measures of broader impact assessed include patents, plant breeders' rights, registered designs and research commercialisation income.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"Australian ERA","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"In the Australian ERA, some quantitative measures of broader impact are assessed, namely patents,\nplant breeders’ rights, registered designs and research commercialisation income.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c1230","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/31e1ec25cd0848cd","nativeRecordCid":"252f061a-8a70-4bf9-ba43-8465f76a9b71","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c1230","text":"More work should be done to identify quantitative data or indicators that could be used as supporting evidence for specific types of research impact.","kind":"normative","modality":"may","actor":"","subject":"quantitative data or indicators for impact","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"However, more work could be done to identify quantitative\ndata or indicators that could be used as supporting evidence for specific types of impact.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c1231","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/e776db431daf44f8","nativeRecordCid":"09a94e91-737c-4ab7-b465-17100c0f0872","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c1231","text":"The research environment element of REF2014 was, in terms of the provision of quantitative data, the least successful element of REF2014.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"REF2014 research environment element","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Based on the panel overview reports, and on the feedback collected from panel members by HEFCE,\nwe conclude that, in terms of the provision of quantitative date, environment was the least successful\nelement of REF2014.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c1232","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/e8418c484173428d","nativeRecordCid":"0a16cba0-1606-4d7e-be4c-230857e18bf0","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c1232","text":"The research environment element of REF2014 is an improvement on the equivalent component of the RAE.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"REF2014 research environment element","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The element is an improvement on the equivalent component of the RAE, with\npanel members being positive about the more structured approach, and HEIs welcoming the use of\ndata that were already collected.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c1233","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/7a18e62931264d09","nativeRecordCid":"727efff6-abff-4ea5-9761-15c7d9c729a8","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c1233","text":"The assessment of research environment is the only aspect of the REF for which there is general enthusiasm for a strongly quantitative approach.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"REF research environment assessment","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Indeed this is the only aspect of the REF where we encountered general enthusiasm for a strongly quantitative approach.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c1234","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/935c9f3a6915404f","nativeRecordCid":"b5dc8d07-e7d2-4010-810c-fd87c9f7aca0","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c1234","text":"The collection and processing of quantitative data to produce metrics and indicators is not itself cost free.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"collection and processing of quantitative data","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The collection of quantitative data\nand its processing to produce metrics and indicators is not itself cost free, so it is important to\naccompany any consideration of the increased use of quantitative data with a robust estimate of the\nassociated costs.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c1235","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/1b607a4b9c61446c","nativeRecordCid":"eed56726-c156-4af0-8a25-b5f6cf0d7000","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c1235","text":"Consideration of increased use of quantitative data should be accompanied by a robust estimate of the associated costs.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"","subject":"increased use of quantitative data","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"so it is important to\naccompany any consideration of the increased use of quantitative data with a robust estimate of the\nassociated costs.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c1236","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/f9ab7173bb404781","nativeRecordCid":"f32bdd7b-de5e-4cfe-a68e-a6e0f8eddfc2","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c1236","text":"If quantitative data are already collected, readily available and do not require significant further validation or checking, then the cost of their use will be low.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"cost of using quantitative data","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"If quantitative data are already collected, readily available and do not require significant further\nvalidation or checking then the cost of their use will be low.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c1237","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/6c056ff469ae4ceb","nativeRecordCid":"d8bcb12f-286c-4b0e-9806-0de4a4e6e554","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c1237","text":"Experience from REF2014 suggests that quantitative data are not always already collected, readily available and free of the need for further validation or checking, even with relatively straightforward data sources.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"cost of using quantitative data","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"However, experience from REF2014\nsuggests this is not always the case, even with relatively straightforward data sources.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c1238","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/bbb247cb351f44a7","nativeRecordCid":"479ce244-1c30-4886-9779-78656f2c8824","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c1238","text":"Considerable challenges remain due to the nature of the data infrastructure for quantitative indicators.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"data infrastructure for quantitative indicators","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Furthermore, as set out in Chapter 3, considerable challenges remain due to the nature of the data infrastructure.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c1239","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/4f37590d26914e03","nativeRecordCid":"9e42c3f9-0a69-43e8-b37a-bafb4952937b","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c1239","text":"Some costs of research assessment are related to the structure, rather than the mechanism, of assessment.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"costs of research assessment","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"It is also important to remember that some costs of assessment are related to the structure, rather than\nthe mechanism of assessment.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c1240","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/cc94ea20d91c412e","nativeRecordCid":"9b00c543-8b20-4c5c-a11b-a9b683f1483c","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c1240","text":"If the costs associated with selecting staff or outputs for assessment remain, the reduction in cost from using bibliometrics to assess research outputs might be rather modest.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"cost reduction from using bibliometrics","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"If these features remain, the reduction in cost that\nresulted in using bibliometrics to assess outputs might be rather modest.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c1241","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/f10074186d9b4ffb","nativeRecordCid":"3bdd4eb9-1480-41f5-920b-d407e95b1fd9","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c1241","text":"It is not currently feasible to assess the quality of research outputs using quantitative indicators alone.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"assessing research output quality","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"On the basis of the evidence we have considered, we conclude that it is not currently feasible to assess\nthe quality of research outputs using quantitative indicators alone.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c1242","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/4bf73eead4b84bf9","nativeRecordCid":"1831867f-ebe7-4912-a2da-4feb8e5e589c","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c1242","text":"There are some robust data sources that can be used to derive indicators for published scholarly work.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"data sources for published scholarly work","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"For published scholarly work, there are some robust data sources that can be used to derive\n‘indicators’, though caution needs to be exercised when considering all disciplines via existing\nbibliographic databases.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c1243","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/37f92aae97214966","nativeRecordCid":"0737c96d-42f8-44e9-96f5-dc183250552b","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c1243","text":"There has been some improvement in the disciplinary coverage of citation databases since HEFCE's previous work on this issue.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"disciplinary coverage of citation databases","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"While there has been some improvement in the disciplinary coverage of citation databases (e.g. WoS; Scopus) since HEFCE’s previous work on this issue","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c1244","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/3d4bf72d22f4437e","nativeRecordCid":"d028db41-82d0-4ffe-81d1-ccb4a211c9a5","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c1244","text":"Caution needs to be exercised when considering all disciplines via existing bibliographic databases.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"","subject":"use of bibliographic databases across disciplines","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"though caution needs to be exercised when considering all disciplines via existing\nbibliographic databases.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c1245","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/d76592b5b5b24f02","nativeRecordCid":"35e0139e-e0f6-4dba-8f6a-360d2ec7fcc4","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c1245","text":"Citations of a published output remain a useful indicator of knowledge production, use and re-use, among the academic community at the very least.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"citations of published outputs","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Nevertheless, citations of a published output – in some form or another –\nremain a useful indicator of knowledge production, use and re-use – among the academic community\nat the very least.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c1246","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/ce4554c6c31f431a","nativeRecordCid":"80c17d96-0a0e-4703-9b32-9cdc7543e164","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c1246","text":"The coverage of many arts and humanities fields in citation databases remains limited.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"citation database coverage of arts and humanities","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"at this time the coverage\nof many arts and humanities fields remains limited.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c1247","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/cfa0581165684b19","nativeRecordCid":"578fb4c3-dd50-41cb-ae4e-b13a75b10038","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c1247","text":"Where the published research output is not a peer-reviewed journal article, the ability to systematically capture bibliographic data on the outputs and data on their use and re-use among the academic or other community is more limited.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"non-journal-article research outputs","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Additionally, where the published research output\nis not a peer-reviewed journal article, the ability to systematically capture bibliographic data on the\noutputs and any data on use and re-use among the academic or other community is more limited","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c1248","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/01481d0989444af1","nativeRecordCid":"2d7aa855-e647-41ed-9fe0-d5b207eda5f0","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c1248","text":"Some larger information providers are exploring capturing bibliographic and use/re-use data for research outputs that are not peer-reviewed journal articles.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"larger information providers","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"though there are indications that some of the larger information providers are exploring this space.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c1249","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/c7a1ed6bb2594942","nativeRecordCid":"4dfe0aed-83ee-48c8-96d4-f6b2236c633b","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c1249","text":"Nations that use quantitative indicators in their national research assessments generally adopt a dual approach and use peer review for disciplines outside of the natural sciences.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"national research assessment approaches","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"those nations that use quantitative indicators in their national\nresearch assessments generally adopt a dual approach and use peer review for disciplines outside of\nthe natural sciences","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c1250","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/22271ad26b2f4bc9","nativeRecordCid":"8de77a86-8579-495a-ba3e-b5dde269f8ff","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c1250","text":"The use of quantitative indicators to assess research outputs raises concerns over gender bias in citation practices and its resultant effects on equality and diversity.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"quantitative indicators and gender bias","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Other issues with the use of quantitative indicators to assess research outputs include concerns over\ngender bias in citation practices and resultant effects on equality and diversity.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c1251","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/e5463ade91d64fd0","nativeRecordCid":"bf05ad5e-5982-4f04-8107-9a804e5cb5ef","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c1251","text":"The quantitative indicators currently available, including new alternative metrics, cannot be used alone as a robust indicator of research quality across all disciplines.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"quantitative indicators for research quality","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"we are not convinced that the quantitative indicators\ncurrently available, even including new ‘alternative metrics’, could be used, alone, as a robust\nindicator of quality across all disciplines.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c1252","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/bce0694037a6418d","nativeRecordCid":"f1c7c5d8-7058-4806-82d2-c8ff96dabb95","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c1252","text":"More quantitative data, particularly around published outputs, continues to have a place in complementing expert/peer review judgements of research quality, excellence and impact.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"quantitative data complementing peer review","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"we also conclude that more quantitative data – particularly around\npublished outputs (both scholarly and other) – do continue to have a place in complementing\nexpert/peer review judgements of research quality, excellence and impact.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c1253","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/fae265e95b9a430e","nativeRecordCid":"8ae8bd7e-67df-45fd-929c-d11537300e96","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c1253","text":"It is not feasible to assess the quality of research impact using quantitative indicators alone.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"assessing research impact quality","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"On the basis of the evidence considered, we have concluded that it is not feasible to assess\nthe quality of research impact using quantitative indicators alone.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c1254","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/8e0e68eb4f3648ed","nativeRecordCid":"90064fb2-e83a-4292-8bfb-d13c7d8b7486","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c1254","text":"Impact case studies are necessarily narrative.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"REF impact case studies","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The impact case studies are necessarily narrative and describe a range of self-selected impacts\nassociated with HEI submissions.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c1255","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/bcb2f21ca962432a","nativeRecordCid":"8807e4b4-9e4a-4dfe-9a1d-46b7eb27cab9","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c1255","text":"Impact case studies describe a range of self-selected impacts associated with HEI submissions.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"REF impact case studies","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The impact case studies are necessarily narrative and describe a range of self-selected impacts\nassociated with HEI submissions.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c1256","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/a60234249fa54bc9","nativeRecordCid":"b092c369-7b26-4107-bffe-bd454f6619de","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c1256","text":"Research impact in the REF is broadly defined.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"definition of research impact in REF","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Research impact in the REF is broadly defined and we believe this\nis the right approach.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c1257","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/4d8ea904606842eb","nativeRecordCid":"b7749ad9-b57a-42cb-a45f-2c53c934a9b4","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c1257","text":"Research impact in the REF should be broadly defined.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"","subject":"definition of research impact in REF","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Research impact in the REF is broadly defined and we believe this\nis the right approach.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c1258","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/e3d7de8845614eb6","nativeRecordCid":"0e3726b7-b682-4707-b876-d6369068355a","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c1258","text":"Research impact should not become narrow and specifically defined.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"","subject":"definition of research impact","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"We are keen that impact does not become narrow and specifically defined.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c1259","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/0fa625829cc54204","nativeRecordCid":"4238d3d1-a07a-4951-aa98-32098bfd4e4b","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c1259","text":"Narrowly defining impact is likely to constrain thinking around which impact case studies are submitted, in exercises such as the REF where HEIs are effectively competing for funds.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"narrow definition of impact","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"For an exercise such as the REF where HEIs are effectively competing for funds, narrowly defining\nimpact is likely to constrain thinking around which impact case studies should be submitted, and\ncertain types of research are therefore likely to gain greater currency than others.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c1260","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/cfa1362f26f4419f","nativeRecordCid":"1366fef6-0a7a-46e5-8a3f-f9b2e396f8d2","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c1260","text":"Narrowly defining impact is likely to cause certain types of research to gain greater currency than others.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"narrow definition of impact","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"For an exercise such as the REF where HEIs are effectively competing for funds, narrowly defining\nimpact is likely to constrain thinking around which impact case studies should be submitted, and\ncertain types of research are therefore likely to gain greater currency than others.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c1261","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/0c2464ceea9f4adb","nativeRecordCid":"51cd2ac5-a458-467c-be6d-d64875e41874","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c1261","text":"Perverse incentives within the research ecosystem should be avoided.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"","subject":"research ecosystem incentives","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Moreover, as\ndescribed in early chapters, we should avoid creating perverse incentives within the research\necosystem.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c1262","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/7da818739c914495","nativeRecordCid":"e661ba58-1705-4386-83d6-b194f4ac4a57","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c1262","text":"Quantitative data about research impact needs to be seen in context.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"","subject":"quantitative data about impact","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"It is also the case that quantitative data about impact will need to be seen in context, and\nproviding that context is likely to continue to require a narrative element.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c1263","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/5aa0d283531245f8","nativeRecordCid":"104c7bb0-77ea-4084-9a3d-d4281866388c","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c1263","text":"Providing context for quantitative data about research impact is likely to continue to require a narrative element.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"context for quantitative impact data","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"and\nproviding that context is likely to continue to require a narrative element.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c1264","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/b716496fa24a4a5d","nativeRecordCid":"c92f5944-429e-4c89-a91d-0bf2cb332896","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c1264","text":"There is considerable potential to enhance and streamline the use of quantitative data as supporting evidence within a narrative case-study-based approach to impact assessment.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"quantitative data in narrative impact assessment","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Nevertheless, we conclude that there is considerable potential to enhance and streamline the use of\nquantitative data as supporting evidence within a narrative case-study-based approach to impact\nassessment","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c1265","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/5258fe29a521415d","nativeRecordCid":"c0b84057-f48e-4da8-baa7-f315e165ba3b","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c1265","text":"More quantitative data can help illustrate the magnitude and specifics of research impact.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"quantitative data illustrating impact","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"more quantitative data can help to illustrate magnitude and specifics and help bring\nimpacts to life.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c1266","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/13e9fc1829454337","nativeRecordCid":"f784487a-6f8a-4a6c-a706-8396844e56ec","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c1266","text":"More quantitative data can help bring research impacts to life.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"quantitative data bringing impact to life","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"more quantitative data can help to illustrate magnitude and specifics and help bring\nimpacts to life.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c1267","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/272443fb48b7457a","nativeRecordCid":"8e35ff53-d54e-48fb-b792-17f0e11dcf37","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c1267","text":"Guidelines on the use of quantitative evidence of impact should provide suggested data to evidence specific types of impact.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"","subject":"guidelines on quantitative evidence of impact","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"these guidelines should provide suggested data to evidence specific types of impact and should also include standards for the collection of metadata to ensure the characteristics of the research being described by the submitting HEIs are captured systematically.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c1268","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/80425adc779241d2","nativeRecordCid":"36a5a0d6-918a-41b2-b2cf-2b59a19be802","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c1268","text":"Guidelines on the use of quantitative evidence of impact should include standards for the collection of metadata to ensure the characteristics of the research being described by submitting HEIs are captured systematically.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"","subject":"guidelines on quantitative evidence of impact","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"these guidelines should provide suggested data to evidence specific types of impact and should also include standards for the collection of metadata to ensure the characteristics of the research being described by the submitting HEIs are captured systematically.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c1269","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/59106f0e2561497b","nativeRecordCid":"b009243f-082d-4f1f-bd43-30b10aed47c6","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c1269","text":"UK HE Funding Bodies should build on the analysis of the impact case studies from REF2014 to develop a set of guidelines on the use of quantitative evidence of impact.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"UK HE Funding Bodies","subject":"guidelines on quantitative evidence of impact","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"We recommend that the UK HE Funding Bodies build on the analysis of the impact\ncase studies from REF2014 to develop a set of guidelines on the use of quantitative evidence of\nimpact.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c1270","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/b0f4355ce4e04e4f","nativeRecordCid":"cfa93325-2560-4971-82ca-9efcb858e246","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c1270","text":"Structured and consistent 'input' data is needed for each submission to the REF.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"","subject":"input data for REF submissions","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"We advocate the need and value of structured and consistent ‘input’ data for each submission to the\nREF.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c1271","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/2dba7223b1094126","nativeRecordCid":"62847133-bd68-4f0d-9665-f9adc99626e4","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c1271","text":"There is scope for enhancing the use of quantitative data for the assessment of the research environment.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"quantitative data for research environment assessment","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"We also conclude that there is scope for enhancing the use of quantitative data for the\nassessment of the research environment, but that these data need to be provided with sufficient\ncontext to enable their interpretation.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c1272","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/7a0a732dfc3d4bed","nativeRecordCid":"cb3e4d99-3b6e-4395-b29d-df509496a8d5","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c1272","text":"Quantitative data for the assessment of the research environment needs to be provided with sufficient context to enable their interpretation.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"","subject":"quantitative data for research environment assessment","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"but that these data need to be provided with sufficient\ncontext to enable their interpretation.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c1273","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/6099dec277f74632","nativeRecordCid":"f9fcd2f4-8b2f-4f09-86b4-dc56899710b9","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c1273","text":"As a minimum, the context for quantitative data on research environment must include information on the total size of the unit to which the data refers.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"","subject":"context for research environment data","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"As a minimum this needs to include information on the total size\nof the unit to which the data refers","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c1274","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/85c57d85025b4805","nativeRecordCid":"8e7b2dfa-6410-4d04-82e1-59cb1fb83be0","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c1274","text":"Building the research information infrastructure to support the REF has enormous potential value for the future.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"research information infrastructure for REF","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"We also emphasise the enormous potential value of building the research information infrastructure to\nsupport REF in the future.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c1275","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/367d2d24e9f046e1","nativeRecordCid":"20e902a7-c0c6-4cca-8f67-142aacad9d95","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c1275","text":"If HEIs establish a platform of research identifiers for all their researchers, it would be easier to draw data together in future REF exercises.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"platform of research identifiers","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"If HEIs were to establish a platform of research identifiers for all their\nresearchers (and researchers could be encouraged to link their career path and research works to these\nidentifiers through various systems) then it would be easier to draw data together and reduce the\nburden on researchers in future REF exercises when delivering their submissions.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c1276","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/e446069a1ef244aa","nativeRecordCid":"5ed8138f-e561-4334-845c-7175a3a6b5cf","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c1276","text":"If HEIs establish a platform of research identifiers for all their researchers, it would reduce the burden on researchers in future REF exercises when delivering their submissions.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"platform of research identifiers","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"If HEIs were to establish a platform of research identifiers for all their\nresearchers (and researchers could be encouraged to link their career path and research works to these\nidentifiers through various systems) then it would be easier to draw data together and reduce the\nburden on researchers in future REF exercises when delivering their submissions.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c1277","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/294186915e9f4505","nativeRecordCid":"41eee92e-5a27-4feb-9ae7-e6ff65aa95f9","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c1277","text":"Unique identifiers for research inputs, outputs and other entities such as organisations, and the ability to semantically link these to researchers, would enable more robust research assessment and analysis.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"unique research identifiers","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Further, unique\nidentifiers for research inputs, outputs and other entities such as organisations, and the ability to\nsemantically link these to researchers, would enable more robust assessment and analysis.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c1278","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/d16cc379d32a4849","nativeRecordCid":"f82d9482-4cc0-45ab-a5b9-ade89d7ccbd4","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c1278","text":"Better evidence and intelligence is needed to underpin policies on the governance of research and innovation.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"","subject":"policies on governance of research and innovation","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"and the need\nfor better evidence and intelligence to underpin policies in this area.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c1279","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/fdae38cf669d4c13","nativeRecordCid":"ad2feafb-97ca-4903-abd8-0e8e7d441707","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c1279","text":"Debate about the governance of research and innovation has become increasingly sophisticated in the UK, across Europe and internationally.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"debate on governance of research and innovation","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Over the past five years, there has been an increasingly sophisticated debate in the UK, across Europe\nand internationally about the governance of research and innovation","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c1280","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/af7dd6a11994476f","nativeRecordCid":"a74afb19-68b5-4101-8362-44ea17eb2527","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c1280","text":"Responsible research and innovation is defined as taking care of the future through collective stewardship of science and innovation in the present.","kind":"definitional","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"responsible research and innovation","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"At its simplest, RRI can be defined as “taking care of the future through collective stewardship of science\nand innovation in the present”.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c1281","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/4b507e49a4124b42","nativeRecordCid":"58b8d515-3c7a-429f-b5ce-0ab90bbff768","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c1281","text":"The concept of responsible research and innovation has gained currency as a framework for research governance within the European Commission, UK Research Councils, and research funders in the Netherlands, Germany, the US and Japan.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"responsible research and innovation","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The concept of ‘responsible research and innovation’\n(RRI) has gained currency as a framework for research governance within the European Commission,\nUK Research Councils,411 and research funders in the Netherlands, Germany, the US and Japan.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c1282","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/7e4b4dc54efb424e","nativeRecordCid":"03201efe-a7cb-47c5-bc24-1f3fc32f2725","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c1282","text":"Robust evidence is needed to underpin the shift to responsible research and innovation.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"","subject":"evidence underpinning RRI shift","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"But we also need robust evidence to underpin this shift and to validate expert opinion.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c1283","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/72f1c93e2f0f4d45","nativeRecordCid":"5683e424-29f3-42aa-9bc5-47c7ec18a3ad","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c1283","text":"Robust evidence is needed to validate expert opinion.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"","subject":"evidence validating expert opinion","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"But we also need robust evidence to underpin this shift and to validate expert opinion.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c1284","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/d7d9aefaa0514a63","nativeRecordCid":"08f1a2a4-43bb-4f59-81bb-b504f3e3b012","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c1284","text":"Responsible research and innovation brings to research policy a focus on questions of anticipation, reflexivity, deliberation, inclusiveness and responsiveness.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"responsible research and innovation","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"It brings to research policy a focus on questions of anticipation,\nreflexivity, deliberation, inclusiveness and responsiveness.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c1285","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/770b3a0d00124411","nativeRecordCid":"a0762e2f-d67e-46f7-9983-8fab69a81dc3","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c1285","text":"The notion of responsible metrics distils the essence of other important contributions to these debates, including the Leiden Manifesto and DORA.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"responsible metrics","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The notion of responsible metrics distils the essence of other important contributions to these debates, including the Leiden Manifesto and DORA.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c1286","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/7ee59cc803144379","nativeRecordCid":"52cbddd5-935d-41aa-8107-1f33212dedcc","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c1286","text":"Responsible metrics is a notion for framing appropriate uses of quantitative indicators in the governance, management and assessment of research.","kind":"definitional","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"responsible metrics","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"we propose the notion of responsible metrics as a way of framing\nappropriate uses of quantitative indicators in the governance, management and assessment of\nresearch.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c1287","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/4712ef873ff0452c","nativeRecordCid":"926c2d71-bc20-4476-824a-e093e23da59d","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c1287","text":"One of the primary aims of research policy at all levels should be to recognise, promote and nurture 'excellence'.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"","subject":"research policy","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Everyone can agree that one of the primary aims of research policy at all levels should be to\nrecognise, promote and nurture ‘excellence’.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c1288","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/e5672e63de604cd1","nativeRecordCid":"b85849cb-7dad-4ea1-80e1-76e136dd2369","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c1288","text":"Metrics can make the identification of research excellence more straightforward and more objective.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"metrics","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The promise of metrics is that they can make the\nidentification of research excellence more straightforward and more objective","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c1289","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/7fa4e5a7dbba4c01","nativeRecordCid":"b4a33690-587f-4ad7-b620-4d4b6ce5d92a","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c1289","text":"Metrics can make the identification of research excellence cheaper and easier to administer.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"metrics","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"and cheaper and\neasier to administer.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c1290","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/b839d257e1264543","nativeRecordCid":"e04d9aed-6b9b-476d-8576-ff5dac468215","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c1290","text":"Designing a metric for research excellence implicitly constructs a definition of excellence.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"metrics for research excellence","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"When one designs a metric for research excellence, one also implicitly constructs\na definition of excellence","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c1291","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/e4c21d8b0c8a48db","nativeRecordCid":"7ba888c8-efb8-478c-b6c9-fa69a3cc8bbc","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c1291","text":"Excellence in research includes elements that relate to benefits beyond the academy (impact).","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"research excellence","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"and\nelements that relate to benefits beyond the academy (‘impact’).","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c1292","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/6e8b11bbc5a54034","nativeRecordCid":"ba5e4b28-7abb-44b0-b9af-98ced8e555a7","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c1292","text":"Designing a metric for research excellence locks that definition of excellence in place.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"metrics for research excellence","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"and locks that definition in place.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c1293","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/8da1284be4cd4979","nativeRecordCid":"5729c0be-b1c9-46f2-bc03-7e4011f5640c","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c1293","text":"Excellence in research is multidimensional.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"research excellence","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"But excellence in research is\nmultidimensional and, crucially, it changes over time.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c1294","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/4bb2893d8ec54bfd","nativeRecordCid":"26049c3f-7c12-46e6-88f3-7761762bd323","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c1294","text":"Excellence in research changes over time.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"research excellence","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"it changes over time.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c1295","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/f43cb67dddf542d7","nativeRecordCid":"ef9c0537-b333-4e6f-a566-0e05d4d2fd01","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c1295","text":"Research impact and the advancement of fundamental knowledge are, by and large, inextricably intertwined.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"research impact and knowledge advancement","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"but\nevidence from REF2014 does suggest that, by-and-large, they are inextricably intertwined.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c1296","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/afdaea5930ac42c6","nativeRecordCid":"7642704e-02f7-4087-969b-b790d47ea791","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c1296","text":"Excellence in research includes elements that relate to the advancement of knowledge.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"research excellence","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Within this multidimensionality, there are\nelements that relate to the advancement of knowledge","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c1297","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/d41806d5a90e4630","nativeRecordCid":"4aa9ae9b-5a27-460f-bb20-e99ef1cffea8","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c1297","text":"The relationship between the knowledge-advancement and impact elements of research excellence is complex.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"research excellence","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The relationship between these is complex.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c1298","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/b62da8f9846d46dc","nativeRecordCid":"1e04ddad-25d9-4260-983a-f889d3da9440","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c1298","text":"Research that delivers impact does not necessarily always advance fundamental knowledge.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"research impact and knowledge advancement","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Research that delivers impact doesn’t\nnecessarily always advance fundamental knowledge","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c1299","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/565652f94e544ab5","nativeRecordCid":"65254451-f771-4f16-9879-5311636c4572","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c1299","text":"Those assessing research must think very clearly about what is being assessed.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"","subject":"research assessment","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Because of this, we need to think very clearly about what we are assessing, and select methods and\nmetrics appropriate to our needs.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c1300","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/bf443c2b18db45ce","nativeRecordCid":"049a739e-7001-498d-9bf4-891e815c4dd6","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c1300","text":"Those assessing research must select methods and metrics appropriate to their needs.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"","subject":"research assessment","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"select methods and\nmetrics appropriate to our needs.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c1301","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/eb9bbc37b6dc4cde","nativeRecordCid":"cd84dc79-e4aa-4b2c-af68-c3845e5c7e5e","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c1301","text":"Definitions of what constitutes excellent research evolve as new research fields develop.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"definitions of research excellence","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"As new research fields develop, definitions of what constitutes\nexcellent research evolve.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c1302","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/d0ce8927ad73444d","nativeRecordCid":"487e8a45-ef7a-441e-b011-657f81f862ce","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c1302","text":"Scientometric data can be used to indicate knowledge progression and use and re-use among academic audiences.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"scientometric data","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"and\ncan be used to indicate knowledge progression and use and re-use among academic audiences\n(particularly in the sciences/biosciences but increasingly across different disciplines).","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c1303","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/930a55b475e246f8","nativeRecordCid":"d7560265-7e11-4fcf-a963-616da2c9c3ea","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c1303","text":"Interdisciplinary and multidisciplinary research creates new kinds of excellence that do not necessarily correspond to the definitions appropriate for the component disciplines from which new fields emerge.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"interdisciplinary and multidisciplinary research","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Interdisciplinary and multidisciplinary research creates new kinds of\nexcellence that don’t necessarily correspond to the definitions appropriate for the component\ndisciplines from which new fields emerge.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c1304","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/ff189d780f2f4809","nativeRecordCid":"e3040d97-8550-4b05-bbef-413a54587fbd","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c1304","text":"Over-reliance on metrics to evaluate research quality can lock in place backward-looking definitions of research excellence.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"over-reliance on metrics","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"the danger of thoughtless over-reliance on metrics to evaluate research quality is that they can lock in place\nbackward-looking definitions of what constitutes research excellence.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c1305","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/7c9ae3ecb4c64e5f","nativeRecordCid":"7c143aae-4490-4590-9d38-a8fb784568f2","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c1305","text":"Scientometric data are fairly well developed.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"scientometric data","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Scientometric data are fairly well developed","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c1306","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/5d193ba42d9a4395","nativeRecordCid":"347d0b5d-cb70-4214-807b-b758906bcde0","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c1306","text":"A focus on responsible metrics helps ensure quantitative indicators are used in appropriate, ethical ways.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"responsible metrics","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"A focus on responsible metrics is designed to avoid these pitfalls and ensure that\nquantitative indicators are used in appropriate, ethical ways.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c1307","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/d0df52f26fe14d3b","nativeRecordCid":"ee3476d2-c158-4f8c-8a39-f8eb00ede135","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c1307","text":"There are increases in the availability of real-time big data on research uptake.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"drivers of the metric tide","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"increases in the availability of real-time ‘big data’ on research uptake.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c1308","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/dbff9222f2364bc4","nativeRecordCid":"0ec663fe-beed-4b9c-8d6a-cf6ae8a9dc2b","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c1308","text":"The number and range of tools to identify, analyse and assess research information is increasing.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"tools for research assessment","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Consequently the number and range of tools to identify, analyse and assess research information is\nincreasing.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c1309","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/86a39f5613a54400","nativeRecordCid":"8985834f-b1e6-49a2-bc7c-7eefc6b047da","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c1309","text":"The area of tools to identify, analyse and assess research information is fast moving.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"metrics tools field","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"This is a\nfast moving area","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c1310","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/536bc5559baa4164","nativeRecordCid":"b575ca13-1db2-497d-9e4a-4a11ee17ef23","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c1310","text":"Many approaches to identify, analyse and assess research information are still in the early stages of development and will take time to mature.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"metrics tools field","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"many approaches are still in the early stages of development and\nwill take time to mature.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c1311","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/341bc3df322e4e7d","nativeRecordCid":"87ebcefb-c1a6-4671-af3b-cacdfdb91c86","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c1311","text":"There is a danger in rushing to over-interpret the available data on research.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"available research data","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"There is a danger in rushing to over-interpret the available data.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c1312","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/9caece154858434f","nativeRecordCid":"69af2308-e3fa-4920-9cb0-c73216c887a9","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c1312","text":"There has been a backlash against the inappropriate weight being placed on particular indicators such as JIFs within the research system.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"journal impact factors","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"this has been accompanied by a backlash against the inappropriate\nweight being placed on particular indicators – such as JIFs – within the research system","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c1313","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/79a89703f6f44fa9","nativeRecordCid":"10f01fb3-31c2-44ee-abd2-446cd3527510","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c1313","text":"Online platforms and tools might be developed to provide indicators of research progression and impact.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"online platforms and tools","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"But over time, they might be developed to provide indicators of research progression and impact","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c1314","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/2a8e364c6cf547a3","nativeRecordCid":"9d583611-531e-49f9-b63c-1513a738b878","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c1314","text":"There is significant interest in online platforms and tools that can enhance access to and visibility of research.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"online platforms and tools","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"There is significant interest in online platforms and tools that can enhance access to\nand visibility of research","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c1315","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/2bbe1023096444f6","nativeRecordCid":"8efa0c6d-6624-48f4-a9c4-182291ac13ec","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c1315","text":"Online platforms and tools might act as early pointers towards indicators more closely correlated with quality, such as citations.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"online platforms and tools","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"or\nact as early pointers towards indicators more closely correlated with quality, such as citations.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c1316","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/51b54e199b194c23","nativeRecordCid":"301e5842-2b6d-4011-bfdf-d55b5e020ba5","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c1316","text":"Evidence on whether and how online platforms and tools relate to research quality is very limited.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"online platforms and tools","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Evidence on whether and how these\nmay relate to research quality is very limited.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c1317","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/7e785ff184f442ff","nativeRecordCid":"c6369f95-5c7a-42e3-8758-bd99ea9baf44","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c1317","text":"Peer review should continue to be the primary basis for national assessments like the REF.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"","subject":"peer review","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"and for national assessments like the REF.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c1318","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/fe3748df212b4356","nativeRecordCid":"b75c3e8c-1733-41b8-a1de-1591214f216d","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c1318","text":"Research assessment needs to be undertaken with due regard for research diversity.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"","subject":"research assessment","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Research assessment needs\nto be undertaken with due regard for research diversity","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c1319","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/4d89d7ca3cb04934","nativeRecordCid":"5d125701-494c-49ce-9aeb-1c7ea0978a62","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c1319","text":"The nature of research varies.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"research","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"the nature of research varies","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c1320","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/a9397189bf644674","nativeRecordCid":"d9c3aae5-6487-48aa-82fd-9ce300bad8be","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c1320","text":"The domain of research varies by discipline and context.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"research","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"as\ndoes its domain (by discipline and context)","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c1321","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/c43ccb5e0c4547b9","nativeRecordCid":"b9029aae-4cdd-406e-aec5-7e4682fbbcc0","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c1321","text":"The form of research outputs varies, from academic papers in journals, through single and jointly authored books, to performances and practices.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"research outputs","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"and the form of its outputs – from academic\npapers in journals, through single and jointly authored books, to performances and\npractices.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c1322","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/bbfffc7cb3d741e6","nativeRecordCid":"51590258-bd3b-4607-810e-0a0e631d70d6","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c1322","text":"Greater clarity is needed as to which indicators are most useful, or not, for specific disciplines and contexts, and why.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"","subject":"indicators","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"We need greater clarity as to which indicators are most useful – or not – for\nspecific disciplines and contexts, and why.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c1323","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/aed1b83ea2b3435c","nativeRecordCid":"20cb4237-f263-4804-8ae5-62a62f7a8876","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c1323","text":"Agreed, standardised indicators require unique, unambiguous, persistent, verified, open, global identifiers.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"","subject":"standardised indicators","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"we\nneed to develop and promote: unique, unambiguous, persistent, verified, open, global identifiers","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c1324","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/7809f651838d461b","nativeRecordCid":"ae2c8f96-5fff-49d7-9674-8798c976d37c","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c1324","text":"Indicators must be underpinned by an open, transparent and coherent data infrastructure in order to meet their potential.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"","subject":"indicators","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Indicators can only meet their potential if they are underpinned by an open,\ntransparent and coherent data infrastructure.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c1325","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/635f5a97c40d4151","nativeRecordCid":"4c082c79-1395-4d3b-826a-62dff6869823","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c1325","text":"Agreed, standardised indicators require agreed standard data semantics.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"","subject":"standardised indicators","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"and\nagreed standard data semantics.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c1326","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/a8689c3036224369","nativeRecordCid":"cf45c330-0b30-448f-ad36-37c37f8ba7c8","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c1326","text":"Agreed, standardised indicators require agreed standard data formats.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"","subject":"standardised indicators","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"agreed standard data formats","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c1327","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/580a9cf9ead04e28","nativeRecordCid":"2583882c-6f9d-4452-8ad6-0076422a928f","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c1327","text":"Without identifiers, standards and semantics, there is a risk of developing metrics that are not robust, trustworthy or properly understood.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"identifiers, standards and semantics","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Without this holy trinity of identifiers, standards and\nsemantics, we risk developing metrics that are not robust, trustworthy or properly\nunderstood.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c1328","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/eba530fa0db54167","nativeRecordCid":"f77cf602-26a0-4e4e-9f2e-0f5f6f481fca","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c1328","text":"The different systems operated by HEIs, funders and publishers need to interoperate.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"systems operated by HEIs, funders and publishers","subject":"data systems","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The different systems operated by HEIs, funders and publishers need to interoperate","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c1329","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/a8b2ebb209c14ffb","nativeRecordCid":"b1a869d0-42ac-4dd5-878e-f6d345da7c72","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c1329","text":"Common data standards are needed to support interoperability.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"","subject":"data standards","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Common data standards are needed to support interoperability.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c1330","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/ddf6a04dcd924ec6","nativeRecordCid":"18846e56-f2c1-4244-b1a1-909ccd4f8bd1","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c1330","text":"Trustworthy metrics require reliable identification and effective authentication of information.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"","subject":"trustworthy metrics","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The reliable\nidentification and effective authentication of information is a prerequisite for producing\nand maintaining trustworthy metrics.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c1331","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/12f7e40cd377408b","nativeRecordCid":"37523f34-91be-4efb-ae90-aba046f9e906","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c1331","text":"The different systems operated by HEIs, funders and publishers need to import and exchange data more efficiently and effectively.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"systems operated by HEIs, funders and publishers","subject":"data systems","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"and to import and exchange data more efficiently and\neffectively","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c1332","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/3494547f8dd04eed","nativeRecordCid":"41694218-72d4-4a99-a263-e7cd75a6592f","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c1332","text":"Definitions of research-related concepts need to be harmonised across the systems operated by HEIs, funders and publishers.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"systems operated by HEIs, funders and publishers","subject":"definitions of research-related concepts","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"also definitions of research-related concepts need to be harmonised across the\nsystems.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c1333","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/73616807b92e446e","nativeRecordCid":"3a189132-d3cb-4459-923d-07ef428df62d","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c1333","text":"The drive for transparency in all aspects of research and associated activities, including metrics, has increased the pressures for data-sharing and interoperability.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"transparency drive","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The drive for transparency in all aspects of research and associated activities, including metrics, has\nincreased the pressures for data-sharing and interoperability.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c1334","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/07354d5b221f4679","nativeRecordCid":"34938495-45a8-4d12-bf6d-5ffc04bb3c29","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c1334","text":"Fundamental information about funding inputs remains fragmented despite improvements brought by various data initiatives.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"funding information","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Fundamental information about funding inputs remains fragmented, despite the improvements\nbrought by RCUK’s Gateway to Research, and initiatives such as Europe PubMed grant lookup, and even\ncommercial efforts such as UberResearch’s Dimensions system.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c1335","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/5e2aee4e850a4acf","nativeRecordCid":"d9c27b04-ec7e-4712-b153-4154e0c102a3","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c1335","text":"There are growing opportunities for sharing data across platforms.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"data sharing","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"There are growing opportunities for sharing data across platforms.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c1336","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/6f6ebd00fbfa4f8a","nativeRecordCid":"cac2ecb4-d171-447a-b88e-b3ac745521e5","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c1336","text":"It is not possible to easily generate a UK view of public and charitable funding in many areas.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"UK research funding data","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"It is not possible to\neasily generate a UK view of public and charitable funding in many areas.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c1337","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/a6100862c5d4438e","nativeRecordCid":"7be2125d-c47d-4786-8199-2663bde9b534","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c1337","text":"The development and uptake of unique identifiers associated with individuals and their research works will present the research community with an opportunity to connect existing and future information about research as never before.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"unique identifiers","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"the development and uptake of unique identifiers associated with\nindividuals and their research works (e.g. ORCID and DOIs) will present the research\ncommunity with an opportunity to connect existing and future information about research\nas never before","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c1338","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/1cfc562da5264b58","nativeRecordCid":"aa3b7c06-a4ac-459e-a145-8d61e368b6f6","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c1338","text":"Some quantitative indicators already being used to support decisions around research excellence and quality can be gamed.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"quantitative indicators","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"some of the quantitative indicators already being used to support decisions around\nresearch excellence and quality can be gamed","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c1339","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/69be5828f91f4cd6","nativeRecordCid":"89e009f6-bd1c-4911-a974-e0b61dc2962c","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c1339","text":"Some quantitative indicators already being used to support decisions around research excellence and quality can lead to unintended consequences.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"quantitative indicators","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"and\ncan lead to\nunintended consequences.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c1340","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/40aace5b5c114a10","nativeRecordCid":"7d054a76-4d91-487e-a9d3-2150162f6be4","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c1340","text":"The development and uptake of unique identifiers associated with individuals and their research works will improve the robustness of metrics.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"unique identifiers","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"improving the robustness of metrics","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c1341","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/bdac399ac9194ea3","nativeRecordCid":"5d132863-0922-4920-9a7b-95318ed225fe","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c1341","text":"The development and uptake of unique identifiers associated with individuals and their research works will reduce administrative burden.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"unique identifiers","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"and reducing administrative burden.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c1342","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/ebd4b86ed7a14a1a","nativeRecordCid":"495eeedc-d09e-47aa-a031-153217edc4d9","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c1342","text":"In the use of journal impact factors, journal-level metrics are ascribed to non-homogenous constituent articles as a proxy for quality.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"journal impact factors","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"the widespread use of JIFs, where\ngroup (journal-level) metrics are ascribed to its non-homogenous constituents (articles) as\na proxy for quality.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c1343","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/21a3829868e44247","nativeRecordCid":"ed9b0e4f-0d53-4cf7-a55d-ce0d89deb1bf","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c1343","text":"The consequences of indicator gaming need to be identified, acknowledged and addressed.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"","subject":"consequences of indicator gaming","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"These consequences need to be identified, acknowledged and addressed.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c1344","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/890e7d04c8ea471d","nativeRecordCid":"8baa0659-b8d8-46ad-8bc6-164ac5b19758","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c1344","text":"Existing or emergent indicators can be gamed.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"indicators","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"There is also a very real possibility of existing or emergent indicators\nbeing gamed","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c1345","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/6d6263dee7714a97","nativeRecordCid":"95eb3978-5f96-48bc-948e-319c812861e1","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c1345","text":"There is a need for greater transparency in the construction and use of indicators.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"","subject":"indicators","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"There is a need for greater transparency in the construction and use of indicators.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c1346","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/b28adaa98a264174","nativeRecordCid":"57f52f05-a844-45b5-8454-e778756c69a9","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c1346","text":"The development of more transparent processes and open data systems could help improve the situation regarding indicator misuse.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"transparent processes and open data systems","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The development of more transparent processes and open data systems should help to improve the\nsituation","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c1347","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/d6f303eef94342df","nativeRecordCid":"41a53054-1227-45dd-a62b-dff802e6ffec","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c1347","text":"Actors within research assessment and management systems should behave responsibly, considering and pre-empting negative consequences wherever possible.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"actors within research assessment and management systems","subject":"research assessment actors","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Actors within research assessment and management systems should behave responsibly,\nconsidering and pre-empting negative consequences wherever possible, for instance in\nrelation to considerations of researcher equality and diversity, and the use of league tables\nin institutional management.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c1348","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/30a70f40153946b7","nativeRecordCid":"1861bea2-356a-4a2b-a747-31d8a9b93273","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c1348","text":"The development of more transparent processes and open data systems could help reduce the potential for abusive practices.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"transparent processes and open data systems","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"and reduce the potential for abusive\npractices.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c1349","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/ebcfd1c7d4834181","nativeRecordCid":"e07886cc-c832-4f4b-aa33-4f1a21139861","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c1349","text":"Defining impact by indicators is likely to limit the overall diversity of the UK's research base.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"defining impact by indicators","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"potentially limiting\nthe overall diversity of the UK’s research base.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c1350","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/13d83878bcfc4e25","nativeRecordCid":"ad84fd73-6a38-4190-abd5-1a4ad82b43f4","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c1350","text":"Defining impact by indicators is likely to constrain thinking around which impact stories have the greatest currency and should be submitted.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"defining impact by indicators","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"defining impact by indicators is likely to constrain thinking around which impact\nstories have greatest currency and should be submitted","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c1351","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/614b19d620b4484f","nativeRecordCid":"896ffcd1-b5b8-4bf0-9d7d-618aa8c2ae87","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c1351","text":"Quantitative indicators may be used more in the environment component of the REF assessment cycle, provided they are used with sufficient context to enable their interpretation.","kind":"normative","modality":"may","actor":"","subject":"REF environment component","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"For the environment component of the REF, there is scope to enhance the use of\nquantitative indicators in the next assessment cycle, provided they are used with\nsufficient context to enable their interpretation.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c1352","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/cc2df02ac2884242","nativeRecordCid":"46d2233b-4b0d-41ab-a50a-3164e4cc81e6","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c1352","text":"The study of research systems is poorly funded in the UK.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"study of research systems","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The study of research systems –\nsometimes called the ‘science of science policy’ – is poorly funded in the UK.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c1353","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/93cec825f75b42de","nativeRecordCid":"7a3ad10c-e74b-42b5-8a12-ce9a6537aa82","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c1353","text":"The evidence base to address questions about research funding and evaluation is very limited.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"evidence base on research funding","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The\nevidence base to address the questions that we have been exploring throughout this\nreview is very limited","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c1354","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/d12736d8334645e5","nativeRecordCid":"e7fc9a1b-efb4-4e55-809c-524854c6821e","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c1354","text":"The questions being asked of funders and HEIs about what and how to fund, and who to hire, promote or invest in, are far from new.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"funding and hiring questions","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"however the questions being asked of funders and HEIs – ‘What\nshould we fund?’ How best should we fund?’ ‘Who should we hire/promote/invest in?’ –\nare far from new.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c1355","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/86fc25d280c143c3","nativeRecordCid":"591c36f9-dede-4756-a65e-3133d95f05e9","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c1355","text":"There is potential for the scientometrics community to more actively communicate how quantitative indicators are used.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"scientometrics community","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Connected to this, there is potential for the scientometrics community to more actively\ncommunicate how quantitative indicators are used.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c1356","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/f5067b0deba645ed","nativeRecordCid":"e5d11449-854d-4062-af2b-24d4ebe29560","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c1356","text":"The incremental addition of quantitative data to inform peer review judgements in the next REF should be explored.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"","subject":"next REF assessment approach","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"We analyse the\npotential for this option in Chapter 9, and recommend that it be explored.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c1357","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/b232287207524bce","nativeRecordCid":"a081ebae-34ff-4546-8010-81165c320923","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c1357","text":"The incremental addition of more quantitative information to research assessment is likely to enrich the exercise over time.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"incremental addition of quantitative information","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Over time, the\nincremental addition of more quantitative information to the assessment is likely to enrich\nthe exercise","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c1358","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/b0ddeeea6ae24617","nativeRecordCid":"fb1b416a-e9fb-4c31-b147-e9fcd9044640","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c1358","text":"As the quality and quantity of reliable quantitative data increase, the incremental addition of quantitative information leaves open more radical assessment options.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"incremental addition of quantitative information","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"in the longer term, as the quality and quantity of reliable quantitative data\nincrease, it leaves open more radical options such as Option C below.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c1359","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/afebed11c6d9454e","nativeRecordCid":"0cfd1375-dd09-4573-9204-72860714d5a5","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c1359","text":"A metrics-only approach to national research assessment is not sufficiently robust, defensible or desirable.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"metrics-only assessment approach","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Our assessment of the evidence leads us to conclude that this approach is not sufficiently\nrobust, defensible or desirable.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c1360","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/843ad2e8fa324ad8","nativeRecordCid":"2306fe69-f204-476a-913e-485adeb03c74","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c1360","text":"Many sources of quantitative data have issues of coverage and bias.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"quantitative data sources","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Many sources of quantitative data have issues of coverage\nand bias","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c1361","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/946780aa327e48d0","nativeRecordCid":"6cb73d72-e417-41ab-9700-10295cc931f0","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c1361","text":"A focus on a set of quantitative indicators results in significant behavioural implications, particularly where there is a link to research funding.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"quantitative indicators","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"there are significant behavioural implications that would result from a focus\non a set of quantitative indicators – particularly where there is a link to research funding.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c1362","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/ca9ce873ccb3432f","nativeRecordCid":"807c0650-f59e-4e36-94e7-4594dd374e5f","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c1362","text":"Losing the impact element of the REF should be avoided.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"","subject":"REF impact element","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Losing the impact element of the REF would be a retrograde step that should be avoided.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c1363","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/07ece2579f014844","nativeRecordCid":"54b92b1b-7ae2-4590-a893-4d1ce11faacd","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c1363","text":"There are limits to the availability of quantitative indicators for the assessment of the broader impacts of research.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"quantitative indicators for research impact","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"There are also limits to the availability of quantitative indicators for the assessment of the\nbroader impacts of research","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c1364","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/ea6b68e6b8b748eb","nativeRecordCid":"fbd02a80-ce6c-44fc-b0af-57bcbb95ea12","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c1364","text":"Interim or sampled evaluation approaches would have the advantage of reducing costs and administrative burden.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"interim or sampled evaluation approaches","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Both options would have the advantage of reducing costs and\nadministrative burden.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c1365","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/d3716486d22b4f25","nativeRecordCid":"75062c58-db33-4620-85c1-dc2dee9d6b73","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c1365","text":"The same concerns over coverage and bias that apply to a metrics-only approach would apply to interim or sampled evaluation approaches.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"interim or sampled evaluation approaches","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"the same concerns over coverage and bias would\napply as in Option B","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c1366","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/580c9a33686f4f29","nativeRecordCid":"13d665c1-89d3-4e4b-8ffa-0abe0c68834a","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c1366","text":"It is questionable whether interim or sampled evaluation approaches would command sufficient confidence to support adjustments in funding.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"interim or sampled evaluation approaches","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"it is questionable whether this approach would command\nsufficient confidence to support adjustments in funding.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c1367","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/70a5413f218f4ffc","nativeRecordCid":"a150c47e-44b6-4980-b667-586e75de49b0","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c1367","text":"Quantitative indicators currently have limited ability to predict peer review outcomes.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"quantitative indicators","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Given the limited ability at this\nstage of quantitative indicators to predict peer review outcomes","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c1368","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/e1ea3e2a460d4181","nativeRecordCid":"e70da126-0980-4f5b-8d4e-61697c37031d","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c1368","text":"It is possible that changes reflected in interim or sampled assessments would be related to differences in assessment approach rather than underlying research quality.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"interim or sampled assessments","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"it is possible that any changes reflected in interim or sampled assessments would\nbe related to the differences in assessment approach rather than underlying research quality.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c1369","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/b1fb23f301074373","nativeRecordCid":"55b65a60-157d-4507-90d7-bbefaed3a9c0","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c1369","text":"Interim or sampled evaluation approaches should not be adopted for the next REF.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"","subject":"next REF assessment approach","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"As a result, we cannot recommend this approach.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c1370","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/1f800d892602434b","nativeRecordCid":"d29b686c-d08a-4413-a5cd-3b34e153c251","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c1370","text":"Greater care with language and terminology relating to indicators is needed.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"HEIs, funders, managers, researchers","subject":"language and terminology for indicators","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Greater care with language and\nterminology is needed.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c1371","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/e9f5a4de514c4de4","nativeRecordCid":"029993ba-cd6d-406c-a72e-4a037317f811","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c1371","text":"Journal-level metrics, such as the Journal Impact Factor, should not be used in academic appointment and promotion decisions.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"HR managers, recruitment and promotion panels","subject":"journal-level metrics such as JIF","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Journal-level\nmetrics, such as the JIF, should not be used.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c1372","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/16cf5e8ee8154a35","nativeRecordCid":"10f67a16-fea6-4cd8-8a96-2b923ab1d055","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c1372","text":"Publishers should encourage responsible authorship practices.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"publishers","subject":"responsible authorship practices","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Publishers, with the aid of\nCommittee on Publication Ethics (COPE), should encourage responsible authorship practices and\nthe provision of more detailed information about the specific contributions of each author.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c1373","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/616a989ef3134ada","nativeRecordCid":"6b29a995-8546-499d-80e7-99a6adf892b1","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c1373","text":"Publishers should encourage the provision of more detailed information about the specific contributions of each author.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"publishers","subject":"disclosure of author contributions","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Publishers, with the aid of\nCommittee on Publication Ethics (COPE), should encourage responsible authorship practices and\nthe provision of more detailed information about the specific contributions of each author.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c1374","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/211b4f97fdf34b3c","nativeRecordCid":"9192f64e-bfc8-4782-a591-f3765ee9ea34","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c1374","text":"Publishers should make available a range of article-level metrics to encourage a shift toward assessment based on the academic quality of an article rather than journal impact factors.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"publishers","subject":"article-level metrics","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Publishers should also make available a range of article-level metrics to encourage a shift toward\nassessment based on the academic quality of an article rather than JIFs.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c1375","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/3c8a61d7b43d4f73","nativeRecordCid":"89e06378-0153-4bd2-a7b0-43d1fcac88f5","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c1375","text":"Principles for open, trustworthy research information management should be adopted by funders, data providers, administrators and researchers as a foundation for further work.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"funders, data providers, administrators and researchers","subject":"adoption of research information principles","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"These principles should be adopted by\nfunders, data providers, administrators and researchers as a foundation for further work.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c1376","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/19e6f0cabe9d4be7","nativeRecordCid":"2800d2c6-ec97-4680-8e42-f48eacd600c3","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c1376","text":"The ISNI is the most likely candidate for a global solution for institutional identifiers.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"ISNI as institutional identifier solution","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Identifiers are also needed for institutions, and the most likely candidate for a global\nsolution is the ISNI, which already has good coverage of publishers, funders and research\norganisations.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c1377","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/8b0642d706c04c2d","nativeRecordCid":"ef833cc3-8b64-40e6-951e-1d233e870489","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c1377","text":"ISNIs should be used more widely in internal HEI- and funder-management processes.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"UK HE Funding Bodies, HEIs, funders, publishers, UUK, HESA","subject":"ISNIs in internal HEI/funder processes","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The use of ISNIs should therefore be extended to cover all institutions referenced\nin future REF submissions, and used more widely in internal HEI- and funder-management\nprocesses.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c1378","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/cfb88dfc870c4ebc","nativeRecordCid":"111404ec-3ff8-4d2e-a927-50d740f8bd46","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c1378","text":"Publishers should mandate ORCIDs, ISNIs and funder grant references for article submission.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"publishers","subject":"ORCIDs/ISNIs/funder grant references for submission","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Publishers should mandate ORCIDs and ISNIs and funder grant references for article\nsubmission, and retain this metadata throughout the publication lifecycle.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c1379","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/081f936e34c54690","nativeRecordCid":"f961fb64-5c60-49f0-9bd4-af070172ea34","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c1379","text":"Publishers should retain identifier metadata throughout the publication lifecycle.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"publishers","subject":"retention of identifier metadata","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Publishers should mandate ORCIDs and ISNIs and funder grant references for article\nsubmission, and retain this metadata throughout the publication lifecycle.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c1380","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/55817b17ba544a23","nativeRecordCid":"6b3ebc7e-d9e3-4eae-86ea-eeb5edabae64","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c1380","text":"Mandating and retaining ORCIDs, ISNIs and funder grant references facilitates exchange of information on research activity.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"identifier mandate effect","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"This will facilitate\nexchange of information on research activity, and help deliver data and metrics at minimal burden\nto researchers and administrators.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c1381","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/22bd6b68a94a4df2","nativeRecordCid":"5bd40689-c29c-4aee-8a3a-13dc1e0844c8","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c1381","text":"Mandating and retaining ORCIDs, ISNIs and funder grant references helps deliver data and metrics at minimal burden to researchers and administrators.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"identifier mandate effect","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"This will facilitate\nexchange of information on research activity, and help deliver data and metrics at minimal burden\nto researchers and administrators.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c1382","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/2511b2693f9a4956","nativeRecordCid":"f2b26101-abb2-4c62-b153-99a1e82c64cb","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c1382","text":"The use of DOIs should be extended to cover all research outputs.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"UK HE Funding Bodies, HEIs, funders, UUK","subject":"DOIs for research outputs","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The use of DOIs should be extended to cover all research outputs.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c1383","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/78b7401f0a5840fc","nativeRecordCid":"bbd6870e-d38e-435b-9908-ef25f11efd37","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c1383","text":"The use of quantitative data in informing peer review judgements of research quality should be enhanced in future assessment exercises.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"UK HE Funding Bodies","subject":"quantitative data in future REF exercises","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"we\nrecommend that it be continued and enhanced in future exercises.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c1384","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/017814cc7497409f","nativeRecordCid":"62b3e690-715c-4afa-a6ea-ad7a285f8042","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c1384","text":"Guidelines for the use of quantitative indicators in impact case studies should provide suggested data to evidence specific types of impact, without being prescriptive.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"HEFCE and the UK HE Funding Bodies","subject":"content of impact indicator guidelines","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"these guidelines should provide suggested data to evidence\nspecific types of impact.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c1385","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/ec5a1ca667d94c43","nativeRecordCid":"9b975b0e-baae-42a1-a65d-e0380875d92c","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c1385","text":"The use of quantitative data in assessing the research environment should be enhanced.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"UK HE Funding Bodies","subject":"quantitative data in research environment assessment","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"In assessing the research environment, we recommend that there is scope for\nenhancing the use of quantitative data, but that these data need to be provided with\nsufficient context to enable their interpretation.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c1386","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/6477d8dce3334e54","nativeRecordCid":"6a941db4-d922-4c39-b721-95183bda3ed6","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c1386","text":"At a minimum, context for research environment data needs to include information on the total size of the unit to which the data refer.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"UK HE Funding Bodies","subject":"minimum context for research environment data","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"At a minimum this needs to include\ninformation on the total size of the unit to which the data refer.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c1387","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/659ab0c97b6340cf","nativeRecordCid":"27759f2c-ca58-45e6-94dd-51fc5f9ac5c1","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c1387","text":"The forum should have preparations for the future REF within its remit.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"the forum","subject":"forum's remit on future REF","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The forum should have\npreparations for the future REF within its remit, but should also look more broadly at the use of\nmetrics in HEI management and by other funders.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c1388","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/3b553dc497a244cd","nativeRecordCid":"17dd7587-c8e3-442f-9c55-c1281c6cd638","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c1388","text":"The forum can ensure that the UK system stays ahead of the curve on research metrics.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"the forum's effect on UK system","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"It can ensure that\nthe UK system stays ahead of the curve and continues to make real progress on this issue,\nsupporting research in the most intelligent and coordinated way, influencing debates in Europe\nand the standards that other countries will eventually follow.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c1389","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/2598c0c4c5cb41f4","nativeRecordCid":"3d6c071e-e1ec-42e4-8004-2b2e0cfa1f80","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c1389","text":"The forum can ensure that the UK system continues to make real progress on the issue of research metrics.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"the forum's effect on UK system","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"It can ensure that\nthe UK system stays ahead of the curve and continues to make real progress on this issue,\nsupporting research in the most intelligent and coordinated way, influencing debates in Europe\nand the standards that other countries will eventually follow.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c1390","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/c004cb81ea78475f","nativeRecordCid":"aeff0ceb-c329-484b-8903-591a550b4941","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c1390","text":"The forum supports research in the most intelligent and coordinated way.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"the forum's effect on research support","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"It can ensure that\nthe UK system stays ahead of the curve and continues to make real progress on this issue,\nsupporting research in the most intelligent and coordinated way, influencing debates in Europe\nand the standards that other countries will eventually follow.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c1391","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/67658ffd760543b0","nativeRecordCid":"2df8df36-05c7-4c18-8509-99eaafe28330","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c1391","text":"The forum influences debates in Europe on research metrics.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"the forum's influence on European debates","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"It can ensure that\nthe UK system stays ahead of the curve and continues to make real progress on this issue,\nsupporting research in the most intelligent and coordinated way, influencing debates in Europe\nand the standards that other countries will eventually follow.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0142/c1392","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/12d7300241284ac8","nativeRecordCid":"d78c1ad3-e304-4ec0-8f33-501521a42269","documentId":"osft-doc-0142","id":"c1392","text":"The forum influences the standards that other countries will eventually follow.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"the forum's influence on international standards","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"It can ensure that\nthe UK system stays ahead of the curve and continues to make real progress on this issue,\nsupporting research in the most intelligent and coordinated way, influencing debates in Europe\nand the standards that other countries will eventually follow.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0150/c1","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/5b79ea3836474385","nativeRecordCid":"0cffe3ce-95f1-4799-8aeb-2e734f160f5f","documentId":"osft-doc-0150","id":"c1","text":"There is substantial diversity in publishers, from large commercial to small community-owned publishers.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"publishers","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"L i k e w i s e ,  t h e r e  i s  s u b s t a n t i a l  d i v e r s i t y  i n\np u b l i s h e r s  ( f r o m  l a r g e  c o m m e r c i a l  t o  s m a l l  c o m m u n i t y - o w n e d  p u b l i s h e r s ) ,  a n d  o u r  r e c o m m e n d a t i o n s\na i m  t o  b e  a p p l i c a b l e  t o  a l l .","representedInStars":true}
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{"key":"osft-doc-0150/c4","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/d1cec35b2ef94196","nativeRecordCid":"d6b24598-ae5c-48c4-bb2a-6868132fbcc5","documentId":"osft-doc-0150","id":"c4","text":"The distinction between redoing research and enabling others to redo it clarifies what reproducibility practices are trying to achieve.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"distinction between redoing and enabling redoing","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"T h e  d i s t i n c t i o n  b e t w e e n  r e d o i n g  r e s e a r c h  a n d  e n a b l i n g  o t h e r s  t o  r e d o  i t  ( U l p t s  &  S c h n e i d e r  2 0 2 5 a )\nc l a r i f i e s  w h a t  r e p r o d u c i b i l i t y  p r a c t i c e s  a r e  t r y i n g  t o  a c h i e v e .","representedInStars":true}
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{"key":"osft-doc-0150/c8","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/26b42161619f46e0","nativeRecordCid":"040db198-24bf-4efd-94ec-034e26ab01fa","documentId":"osft-doc-0150","id":"c8","text":"Research communities should improve and expand standards and guidelines for data re-use.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"research communities","subject":"standards and guidelines for data re-use","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"R e s e a r c h  c o m m u n i t i e s  s h o u l d  i m p r o v e  a n d  e x p a n d\ns t a n d a r d s  a n d  g u i d e l i n e s  f o r  d a t a  r e - u s e","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0150/c9","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/f7547a0b5e31487d","nativeRecordCid":"853010c5-3eb2-4c14-9856-a674d1c0146b","documentId":"osft-doc-0150","id":"c9","text":"Funders, publishers and institutions should require Globally Unique, Persistent and Resolvable Identifiers (GUPRIs) for research objects and entities.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"funders, publishers and institutions","subject":"GUPRIs for research objects and entities","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"F u n d e r s ,  p u b l i s h e r s  a n d  i n s t i t u t i o n s  s h o u l d  r e q u i r e\nG l o b a l l y  U n i q u e ,  P e r s i s t e n t  a n d  R e s o l v a b l e  I d e n t i f i e r s\n( G U P R I s )  a n d  o p e n  m e t a d a t a  f o r  r e s e a r c h  o b j e c t s  a n d\ne n t i t i e s","representedInStars":true}
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{"key":"osft-doc-0150/c14","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/5ee22249c5954745","nativeRecordCid":"e826dfd8-fd42-4667-b5b2-5f0b159d1ef5","documentId":"osft-doc-0150","id":"c14","text":"Institutions should strengthen leadership engagement to foster reproducibility practices.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"institutions","subject":"leadership engagement for reproducibility","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"I n s t i t u t i o n s  s h o u l d  s t r e n g t h e n  l e a d e r s h i p  e n g a g e m e n t\na n d  p r o v i d e  t r a i n i n g  t o  r e s e a r c h  l e a d e r s  t o  f o s t e r\nr e p r o d u c i b i l i t y  p r a c t i c e s","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0150/c15","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/886c70f98d064ad0","nativeRecordCid":"e75c42a3-6919-4799-b798-7cb1cce8f6d8","documentId":"osft-doc-0150","id":"c15","text":"Institutions should provide training to research leaders to foster reproducibility practices.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"institutions","subject":"training for research leaders","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"I n s t i t u t i o n s  s h o u l d  s t r e n g t h e n  l e a d e r s h i p  e n g a g e m e n t\na n d  p r o v i d e  t r a i n i n g  t o  r e s e a r c h  l e a d e r s  t o  f o s t e r\nr e p r o d u c i b i l i t y  p r a c t i c e s","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-0150/c16","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/de7f3318215c4b75","nativeRecordCid":"70689643-b415-4e9b-a7c0-764a3df02698","documentId":"osft-doc-0150","id":"c16","text":"Publishers should enhance journal capacity and infrastructure for checking and managing digital research objects.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"publishers","subject":"journal capacity and infrastructure for digital research objects","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"P u b l i s h e r s  s h o u l d  e n h a n c e  j o u r n a l  c a p a c i t y  a n d\ni n f r a s t r u c t u r e  f o r  c h e c k i n g  a n d  m a n a g i n g  d i g i t a l\nr e s e a r c h  o b j e c t s","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-0150/c17","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/30b707ee8cfa4f9e","nativeRecordCid":"72fd7359-85bf-4f3a-99fd-666987ea1161","documentId":"osft-doc-0150","id":"c17","text":"Meta-researchers, supported by funders, publishers and institutions, should investigate the efficacy of reproducibility interventions.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"meta-researchers, supported by funders, publishers and institutions","subject":"efficacy of reproducibility interventions","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"M e t a - r e s e a r c h e r s ,  s u p p o r t e d  b y  f u n d e r s ,  p u b l i s h e r s\na n d  i n s t i t u t i o n s ,  s h o u l d  i n v e s t i g a t e  t h e  e f f i c a c y  o f\nr e p r o d u c i b i l i t y  i n t e r v e n t i o n s","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-0150/c18","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/971f527dfd6d48cf","nativeRecordCid":"2cafddb7-81bd-4dcb-8350-4649fc6c85a4","documentId":"osft-doc-0150","id":"c18","text":"Meta-researchers, supported by funders and publishers, should investigate the costs of reproducibility interventions.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"meta-researchers, supported by funders and publishers","subject":"costs of reproducibility interventions","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"M e t a - r e s e a r c h e r s ,  s u p p o r t e d  b y  f u n d e r s  a n d\np u b l i s h e r s ,  s h o u l d  i n v e s t i g a t e  t h e  c o s t s  a n d  b e n e f i t s\no f  r e p r o d u c i b i l i t y  i n t e r v e n t i o n s","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-0150/c19","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/64d1987ad01440ce","nativeRecordCid":"90187fff-bcfa-4844-9cd5-96d5f1ac444e","documentId":"osft-doc-0150","id":"c19","text":"Meta-researchers, supported by funders and publishers, should investigate the benefits of reproducibility interventions.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"meta-researchers, supported by funders and publishers","subject":"benefits of reproducibility interventions","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"M e t a - r e s e a r c h e r s ,  s u p p o r t e d  b y  f u n d e r s  a n d\np u b l i s h e r s ,  s h o u l d  i n v e s t i g a t e  t h e  c o s t s  a n d  b e n e f i t s\no f  r e p r o d u c i b i l i t y  i n t e r v e n t i o n s","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-0150/c20","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/42865bd52b354de1","nativeRecordCid":"4b7f6415-20a9-4b9d-8542-0702bc4926d1","documentId":"osft-doc-0150","id":"c20","text":"Funders and publishers should enable meta-research regarding funding and publishing workflows through streamlined processes for collaboration and data-access.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"funders and publishers","subject":"meta-research on funding and publishing workflows","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"F u n d e r s  a n d  p u b l i s h e r s  s h o u l d  e n a b l e  m e t a - r e s e a r c h\nr e g a r d i n g  f u n d i n g  a n d  p u b l i s h i n g  w o r k f l o w s  t h r o u g h\ns t r e a m l i n e d  p r o c e s s e s  f o r  c o l l a b o r a t i o n  a n d  d a t a -\na c c e s s","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-0150/c21","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/f7b726e902b64865","nativeRecordCid":"5382d4ce-0bff-47e2-97f0-649d664ed8d0","documentId":"osft-doc-0150","id":"c21","text":"Robust, sustainable infrastructure is an essential foundation for reproducible research.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"","subject":"reproducible research","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"R o b u s t ,  s u s t a i n a b l e  i n f r a s t r u c t u r e  a n d  w e l l - a l i g n e d  c o m m u n i t y  p r a c t i c e s  a r e  e s s e n t i a l  f o u n d a t i o n s  f o r\nr e p r o d u c i b l e  r e s e a r c h .","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-0150/c22","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/ec054eb4c36b43b0","nativeRecordCid":"90fad9ca-a1b2-4d63-bece-710cb67c6868","documentId":"osft-doc-0150","id":"c22","text":"Well-aligned community practices are an essential foundation for reproducible research.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"","subject":"reproducible research","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"R o b u s t ,  s u s t a i n a b l e  i n f r a s t r u c t u r e  a n d  w e l l - a l i g n e d  c o m m u n i t y  p r a c t i c e s  a r e  e s s e n t i a l  f o u n d a t i o n s  f o r\nr e p r o d u c i b l e  r e s e a r c h .","representedInStars":false}
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{"key":"osft-doc-0150/c47","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/0fa3f96dc187469a","nativeRecordCid":"caf96c2b-4c2d-44e7-baf2-e5b416d6f900","documentId":"osft-doc-0150","id":"c47","text":"Global and openly resolvable persistent identifiers, alongside high quality and open metadata, are essential for reliably tracking research outputs such as publications, datasets, software, samples, pre-registrations, protocols and patents.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"","subject":"persistent identifiers and open metadata","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"G l o b a l  a n d  o p e n l y  r e s o l v a b l e  p e r s i s t e n t  i d e n t i f i e r s ,  a l o n g s i d e  h i g h  q u a l i t y  a n d  o p e n  m e t a d a t a ,  a r e\ne s s e n t i a l  f o r  r e l i a b l y  t r a c k i n g  r e s e a r c h  o u t p u t s  –  s u c h  a s  p u b l i c a t i o n s  ( i n c l u d i n g  p r e p r i n t s ) ,  d a t a s e t s ,\ns o f t w a r e ,  s a m p l e s ,  p r e - r e g i s t r a t i o n s ,  p r o t o c o l s  a n d  p a t e n t s","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-0150/c48","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/cf7b6c70845b416c","nativeRecordCid":"d8602a44-4497-492f-80a9-a64ff281006c","documentId":"osft-doc-0150","id":"c48","text":"Global and openly resolvable persistent identifiers, alongside high quality and open metadata, are essential for connecting research outputs to the people, organisations, projects, grants and other activities that produced them.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"","subject":"persistent identifiers and open metadata","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"a n d  f o r  c o n n e c t i n g  t h e m  t o  t h e  p e o p l e ,\no r g a n i s a t i o n s ,  p r o j e c t s ,  g r a n t s  a n d  o t h e r  a c t i v i t i e s  t h a t  p r o d u c e d  t h e m .","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-0150/c49","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/4576e7f30f8542fd","nativeRecordCid":"15ded27a-8000-498d-a61d-bea65dcd4088","documentId":"osft-doc-0150","id":"c49","text":"Connections between research outputs and the people, organisations, projects and grants that produced them form the backbone of a transparent, discoverable and interoperable research ecosystem.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"connections between outputs and producers","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"S u c h  c o n n e c t i o n s  f o r m  t h e\nb a c k b o n e  o f  a  t r a n s p a r e n t ,  d i s c o v e r a b l e  a n d  i n t e r o p e r a b l e  r e s e a r c h  e c o s y s t e m","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0150/c50","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/49120d89cba042bb","nativeRecordCid":"f3f7aa55-6a98-4832-b3e1-4b9eb4ceb520","documentId":"osft-doc-0150","id":"c50","text":"Such connections enable others to find, retrieve, verify, re-use, and reproduce research results.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"connections between outputs and producers","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"e n a b l i n g  o t h e r s  t o\nf i n d ,  r e t r i e v e ,  v e r i f y ,  r e - u s e ,  a n d  r e p r o d u c e  r e s e a r c h  r e s u l t s .","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0150/c51","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/94fdd3d3da244b55","nativeRecordCid":"49d546c8-686c-42f7-82ca-ba9809fe7a93","documentId":"osft-doc-0150","id":"c51","text":"Funders and publishers of all types, as well as research institutions, should require and implement the use of Globally Unique, Persistent and Resolvable Identifiers (GUPRIs) across the research lifecycle.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"funders and publishers of all types, as well as research institutions","subject":"use of GUPRIs across research lifecycle","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"f u n d e r s  a n d  p u b l i s h e r s  o f\na l l  t y p e s ,  a s  w e l l  a s  r e s e a r c h  i n s t i t u t i o n s ,  s h o u l d  r e q u i r e ,  a n d  i m p l e m e n t  w h e r e  r e l e v a n t ,  t h e  u s e  o f\nG l o b a l l y  U n i q u e ,  P e r s i s t e n t  a n d  R e s o l v a b l e  I d e n t i f i e r s  ( G U P R I s )  [ 4 ]  a c r o s s  t h e  r e s e a r c h  l i f e c y c l e","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-0150/c52","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/aca4783285d440d5","nativeRecordCid":"2cfcc7ac-576c-4da2-8f09-7052ad3f4661","documentId":"osft-doc-0150","id":"c52","text":"Persistent identifiers must be accompanied by, and resolvable to, open, high-quality metadata that supports machine-readability, provenance tracking, and automated linking across systems.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"","subject":"persistent identifiers and metadata","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"T h e s e\ni d e n t i f i e r s  m u s t  b e  a c c o m p a n i e d  b y ,  a n d  r e s o l v a b l e  t o ,  o p e n ,  h i g h - q u a l i t y  m e t a d a t a  t h a t  s u p p o r t s\nm a c h i n e - r e a d a b i l i t y ,  p r o v e n a n c e  t r a c k i n g ,  a n d  a u t o m a t e d  l i n k i n g  a c r o s s  s y s t e m s .","representedInStars":true}
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{"key":"osft-doc-0150/c54","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/232061977a2a42f5","nativeRecordCid":"40d3cd42-aee2-4cd7-a3dd-4a754bab96f8","documentId":"osft-doc-0150","id":"c54","text":"Mandating GUPRIs and open metadata strengthens research integrity.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"mandating GUPRIs and open metadata","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"M a n d a t i n g  G U P R I s\na n d  o p e n  m e t a d a t a  s t r e n g t h e n s  r e s e a r c h  i n t e g r i t y","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-0150/c55","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/03c24c7364a44474","nativeRecordCid":"3437d8de-b2f2-4816-b615-62f393527195","documentId":"osft-doc-0150","id":"c55","text":"Any metrics used to monitor and raise awareness of reproducibility must be sensitive to the considerable epistemic diversity that exists across and within disciplines.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"","subject":"metrics used to monitor reproducibility","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"s e n s i t i v e  t o  t h e  c o n s i d e r a b l e  e p i s t e m i c  d i v e r s i t y  t h a t  e x i s t s  a c r o s s  a n d  w i t h i n  d i s c i p l i n e s","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0150/c56","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/804976ba72004371","nativeRecordCid":"786609fe-9f24-4035-a2cc-98d461cf8bba","documentId":"osft-doc-0150","id":"c56","text":"Mandating GUPRIs and open metadata reduces ambiguity.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"mandating GUPRIs and open metadata","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"r e d u c e s  a m b i g u i t y","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-0150/c57","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/35672595870e4b62","nativeRecordCid":"63db767d-1c16-4fcc-b423-c748cda915f4","documentId":"osft-doc-0150","id":"c57","text":"Mandating GUPRIs and open metadata supports FAIR data principles.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"mandating GUPRIs and open metadata","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"s u p p o r t s  F A I R  d a t a  p r i n c i p l e s","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-0150/c58","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/26c868165750418e","nativeRecordCid":"2d3a41ed-7e09-4c71-b903-29e90b9cee75","documentId":"osft-doc-0150","id":"c58","text":"Mandating GUPRIs and open metadata enables consistent attribution and accountability across diverse research domains.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"mandating GUPRIs and open metadata","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"e n a b l e s  c o n s i s t e n t  a t t r i b u t i o n  a n d  a c c o u n t a b i l i t y  a c r o s s  d i v e r s e  r e s e a r c h\nd o m a i n s .","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-0150/c59","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/7601726efa9c4e41","nativeRecordCid":"98aa3b50-a32e-455a-a1b3-7f492a080f0a","documentId":"osft-doc-0150","id":"c59","text":"Funders and other relevant stakeholders should strengthen monitoring of and communication about reproducibility.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"funders and other relevant stakeholders","subject":"monitoring and communication about reproducibility","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"F u n d e r s  a n d  o t h e r  r e l e v a n t  s t a k e h o l d e r s  s h o u l d  s t r e n g t h e n  m o n i t o r i n g  o f  a n d  c o m m u n i c a t i o n  a b o u t\nr e p r o d u c i b i l i t y","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0150/c60","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/72a5da336de14d04","nativeRecordCid":"d636dffd-af79-451d-ba67-471e71ae23a8","documentId":"osft-doc-0150","id":"c60","text":"Any metrics used to monitor and raise awareness of reproducibility must be responsibly implemented.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"","subject":"metrics used to monitor reproducibility","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"r e s p o n s i b l y  i m p l e m e n t e d","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-0150/c61","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/8a7332641cb74ba5","nativeRecordCid":"48c23603-269d-42d3-a81a-54e879ad3e0a","documentId":"osft-doc-0150","id":"c61","text":"Many researchers recognise the value of transparent and rigorous research practices.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"researchers' recognition of transparent practices","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"W h i l e  m a n y  r e s e a r c h e r s  r e c o g n i s e  t h e  v a l u e  o f  t r a n s p a r e n t  a n d  r i g o r o u s  p r a c t i c e s","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-0150/c62","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/fdd708f87b1e4608","nativeRecordCid":"33a94944-a72d-447c-8e77-8905caa163f6","documentId":"osft-doc-0150","id":"c62","text":"Systemic pressures including publication expectations, career advancement criteria, and limited support and recognition for replication often act as disincentives to reproducible research.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"systemic pressures in research careers","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"s y s t e m i c  p r e s s u r e s\ni n c l u d i n g  p u b l i c a t i o n  e x p e c t a t i o n s ,  c a r e e r  a d v a n c e m e n t  c r i t e r i a ,  a n d  l i m i t e d  s u p p o r t  a n d  r e c o g n i t i o n\nf o r  r e p l i c a t i o n  o f t e n  a c t  a s  d i s i n c e n t i v e s .","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0150/c63","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/4c572be5793042f7","nativeRecordCid":"f49cfed9-0c0d-4d3e-b3fa-cb3228c87984","documentId":"osft-doc-0150","id":"c63","text":"Effective policy must align incentives with reproducible and trustworthy research.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"","subject":"effective policy","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"E f f e c t i v e  p o l i c y  m u s t  t h e r e f o r e  a l i g n  i n c e n t i v e s  w i t h\nr e p r o d u c i b l e  a n d  t r u s t w o r t h y  r e s e a r c h","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-0150/c64","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/a3fd62babda74582","nativeRecordCid":"7db796f5-e433-42f0-ace6-7b710edc8ab5","documentId":"osft-doc-0150","id":"c64","text":"Effective policy must encourage communities to lead the development of appropriate norms.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"","subject":"effective policy","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"e n c o u r a g e  c o m m u n i t i e s  t o  l e a d  t h e  d e v e l o p m e n t  o f  a p p r o p r i a t e\nn o r m s","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-0150/c65","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/c6c02117cd3f4919","nativeRecordCid":"369a1b70-64b6-49fb-a9aa-825b4a600235","documentId":"osft-doc-0150","id":"c65","text":"Effective policy must ensure that assessment and monitoring systems reflect the diversity of research approaches across disciplines.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"","subject":"effective policy","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"e n s u r e  t h a t  a s s e s s m e n t  a n d  m o n i t o r i n g  s y s t e m s  r e f l e c t  t h e  d i v e r s i t y  o f  r e s e a r c h\na p p r o a c h e s  a c r o s s  d i s c i p l i n e s .","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-0150/c66","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/0fe418863f624afc","nativeRecordCid":"13e056ef-43d2-4f0b-981f-c6ce8cb4fa76","documentId":"osft-doc-0150","id":"c66","text":"Reproducibility metrics should be field appropriate.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"","subject":"reproducibility metrics","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"B y  a d o p t i n g  r e p r o d u c i b i l i t y  m e t r i c s  t h a t  a r e  f i e l d  a p p r o p r i a t e","representedInStars":false}
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{"key":"osft-doc-0150/c124","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/1815b6ba17a3440b","nativeRecordCid":"26619768-a7fd-4086-a043-cc6381acca5d","documentId":"osft-doc-0150","id":"c124","text":"There is growing recognition of reproducibility challenges.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"recognition of reproducibility challenges","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Y e t\nd e s p i t e  g r o w i n g  r e c o g n i t i o n  o f  r e p r o d u c i b i l i t y  c h a l l e n g e s ,  t h e  e v i d e n c e  b a s e  f o r  w h i c h  i n t e r v e n t i o n s\nw o r k ,  u n d e r  w h a t  c o n d i t i o n s ,  a n d  w i t h  w h a t  t r a d e - o f f s  r e m a i n s  l i m i t e d .","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0150/c125","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/0ec1ce67045e46d4","nativeRecordCid":"4db38cbc-29c6-4a39-91e5-5267dfa41c8b","documentId":"osft-doc-0150","id":"c125","text":"The evidence base for which reproducibility interventions work, under what conditions, and with what trade-offs, remains limited.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"evidence base for reproducibility interventions","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Y e t\nd e s p i t e  g r o w i n g  r e c o g n i t i o n  o f  r e p r o d u c i b i l i t y  c h a l l e n g e s ,  t h e  e v i d e n c e  b a s e  f o r  w h i c h  i n t e r v e n t i o n s\nw o r k ,  u n d e r  w h a t  c o n d i t i o n s ,  a n d  w i t h  w h a t  t r a d e - o f f s  r e m a i n s  l i m i t e d .","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-0150/c126","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/ba03881473dc47c5","nativeRecordCid":"827d10fe-d65a-44e1-b0a3-4172d4e1bf50","documentId":"osft-doc-0150","id":"c126","text":"A rapidly expanding meta-research community has begun to fill the gaps in evidence on reproducibility interventions.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"meta-research community","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"A  r a p i d l y  e x p a n d i n g  m e t a -\nr e s e a r c h  c o m m u n i t y  h a s  b e g u n  t o  f i l l  t h e s e  g a p s ,  b u t  r e q u i r e s  s t r o n g e r  s u p p o r t  f r o m  f u n d e r s ,\np u b l i s h e r s ,  a n d  i n s t i t u t i o n s  t o  g e n e r a t e  a c t i o n a b l e  i n s i g h t s .","representedInStars":true}
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{"key":"osft-doc-0150/c130","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/789fbe89aeb9455c","nativeRecordCid":"6283c92b-b5a8-4c8d-bb21-4907848f13da","documentId":"osft-doc-0150","id":"c130","text":"Most existing studies on reproducibility interventions rely on proxy indicators aimed at enabling redoing, such as data-sharing rates or adherence to reporting guidelines, which offer only partial insight because they rarely assess the success of redoing as a direct outcome.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"proxy indicators used in reproducibility studies","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"M o s t  e x i s t i n g  s t u d i e s  r e l y  o n  p r o x y\ni n d i c a t o r s  a i m e d  a t  e n a b l i n g  r e d o i n g ,  s u c h  a s  d a t a - s h a r i n g  r a t e s  o r  a d h e r e n c e  t o  r e p o r t i n g  g u i d e l i n e s ,\nw h i c h  o f f e r  o n l y  p a r t i a l  i n s i g h t ,  a s  t h e y  r a r e l y  a s s e s s  t h e  s u c c e s s  o f  r e d o i n g  a s  d i r e c t  o u t c o m e s  ( D u d d a\ne t  a l . ,  2 0 2 5 ) .","representedInStars":true}
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{"key":"osft-doc-0150/c135","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/8b246def0f1247a4","nativeRecordCid":"249c6b41-ad7d-4d7d-9cba-81ebaa867da1","documentId":"osft-doc-0150","id":"c135","text":"Meta-research must identify the conditions that enable reproducibility interventions to succeed.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"meta-researchers","subject":"conditions enabling interventions to succeed","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"T o\ni n f o r m  e f f e c t i v e ,  e v i d e n c e - b a s e d  p o l i c y ,  m e t a - r e s e a r c h  i s  u r g e n t l y  n e e d e d  t o  e v a l u a t e  i n t e r v e n t i o n s\nr i g o r o u s l y ,  c l a r i f y  h o w  r e p r o d u c i b i l i t y  m a n i f e s t s  a c r o s s  d i v e r s e  r e s e a r c h  c o m m u n i t i e s ,  a n d  i d e n t i f y  t h e\nc o n d i t i o n s  t h a t  e n a b l e  i n t e r v e n t i o n s  t o  s u c c e e d .","representedInStars":true}
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{"key":"osft-doc-0150/c137","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/0f6f766b80be4e65","nativeRecordCid":"fbf0ece6-3e80-4af3-be32-1806e97d996d","documentId":"osft-doc-0150","id":"c137","text":"Support for meta-research on reproducibility interventions is essential for improving research quality.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"","subject":"support for meta-research and research quality","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"F u n d e r s  s h o u l d  t h e r e f o r e  p r o v i d e  t a r g e t e d ,  s u s t a i n e d\ns u p p o r t  f o r  t h i s  w o r k ,  r e c o g n i s i n g  i t  a s  e s s e n t i a l  f o r  i m p r o v i n g  r e s e a r c h  q u a l i t y .","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-0150/c138","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/7c04331be26b47ac","nativeRecordCid":"85cb6b8f-9393-4473-a801-aeb26ae64dd3","documentId":"osft-doc-0150","id":"c138","text":"Publishers and funders should publicly share results of their internal investigations of reproducibility interventions.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"publishers and funders","subject":"sharing results of internal investigations","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"I n  a d d i t i o n ,  p u b l i s h e r s\na n d  f u n d e r s  s h o u l d  p u b l i c l y  s h a r e  r e s u l t s  o f  t h e i r  i n t e r n a l  i n v e s t i g a t i o n s  o f  r e p r o d u c i b i l i t y\ni n t e r v e n t i o n s .","representedInStars":true}
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{"key":"osft-doc-0150/c146","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/92947a87eda64531","nativeRecordCid":"62d79f93-7385-42f6-b4c4-c3ea3c203864","documentId":"osft-doc-0150","id":"c146","text":"Meta-research on reproducibility frequently depends on access to funder and publisher data such as grant information, peer-review records, editorial decision timelines, and other workflows.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"meta-research's dependence on funder/publisher data","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"M e t a - r e s e a r c h  o n  r e p r o d u c i b i l i t y  f r e q u e n t l y  d e p e n d s  o n  a c c e s s  t o  f u n d e r  a n d  p u b l i s h e r  d a t a  s u c h  a s\ng r a n t  i n f o r m a t i o n ,  p e e r - r e v i e w  r e c o r d s ,  e d i t o r i a l  d e c i s i o n  t i m e l i n e s ,  a n d  o t h e r  p u b l i s h e r  o r  f u n d e r\nw o r k f l o w s  ( e . g .  s c r e e n i n g  c h e c k s ) ,  a n d  o f t e n  r e q u i r e s  d i r e c t  c o l l a b o r a t i o n  t o  r u n  c o n t r o l l e d  t r i a l s  o f\np o l i c y  o r  w o r k f l o w  i n t e r v e n t i o n s .","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-0150/c147","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/10c4485083654bd8","nativeRecordCid":"3f921ecf-733f-4d24-b121-336178cbf819","documentId":"osft-doc-0150","id":"c147","text":"Meta-research on reproducibility often requires direct collaboration to run controlled trials of policy or workflow interventions.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"meta-research's need for collaboration on trials","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"M e t a - r e s e a r c h  o n  r e p r o d u c i b i l i t y  f r e q u e n t l y  d e p e n d s  o n  a c c e s s  t o  f u n d e r  a n d  p u b l i s h e r  d a t a  s u c h  a s\ng r a n t  i n f o r m a t i o n ,  p e e r - r e v i e w  r e c o r d s ,  e d i t o r i a l  d e c i s i o n  t i m e l i n e s ,  a n d  o t h e r  p u b l i s h e r  o r  f u n d e r\nw o r k f l o w s  ( e . g .  s c r e e n i n g  c h e c k s ) ,  a n d  o f t e n  r e q u i r e s  d i r e c t  c o l l a b o r a t i o n  t o  r u n  c o n t r o l l e d  t r i a l s  o f\np o l i c y  o r  w o r k f l o w  i n t e r v e n t i o n s .","representedInStars":false}
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{"key":"osft-doc-0150/c149","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/4f30cdb0b0ce4e30","nativeRecordCid":"6b7923a0-7a93-4fbe-aa33-b60a94709d95","documentId":"osft-doc-0150","id":"c149","text":"Funders and publishers can make a real difference by developing transparent policies on collaboration and standardised data-sharing agreement templates.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"funders and publishers developing transparent policies","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"F u n d e r s  a n d  p u b l i s h e r s  c a n  t h e r e f o r e  m a k e  a  r e a l  d i f f e r e n c e\nb y  s t r e a m l i n i n g  t h e i r  i n t e r n a l  w o r k f l o w s  t o  s u p p o r t  m e t a - r e s e a r c h ,  a s  w e l l  a s  d e v e l o p i n g  t r a n s p a r e n t\np o l i c i e s  o n  c o l l a b o r a t i o n ,  s t a n d a r d i s e d  d a t a - s h a r i n g  a g r e e m e n t  t e m p l a t e s ,  a n d  e s t a b l i s h i n g  s e c u r e\nm e c h a n i s m s  f o r  r e s e a r c h e r  a c c e s s  t o  s e n s i t i v e  o p e r a t i o n a l  d a t a .","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0150/c150","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/221a241efdb74aca","nativeRecordCid":"6c545dd0-3328-49c9-bf47-27ba28ed9cdb","documentId":"osft-doc-0150","id":"c150","text":"Funders and publishers can make a real difference by establishing secure mechanisms for researcher access to sensitive operational data.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"funders and publishers establishing secure access mechanisms","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"F u n d e r s  a n d  p u b l i s h e r s  c a n  t h e r e f o r e  m a k e  a  r e a l  d i f f e r e n c e\nb y  s t r e a m l i n i n g  t h e i r  i n t e r n a l  w o r k f l o w s  t o  s u p p o r t  m e t a - r e s e a r c h ,  a s  w e l l  a s  d e v e l o p i n g  t r a n s p a r e n t\np o l i c i e s  o n  c o l l a b o r a t i o n ,  s t a n d a r d i s e d  d a t a - s h a r i n g  a g r e e m e n t  t e m p l a t e s ,  a n d  e s t a b l i s h i n g  s e c u r e\nm e c h a n i s m s  f o r  r e s e a r c h e r  a c c e s s  t o  s e n s i t i v e  o p e r a t i o n a l  d a t a .","representedInStars":true}
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{"key":"osft-doc-0150/c152","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/6fe2ccb459c84a55","nativeRecordCid":"e22dde7b-620a-4b96-b7a5-a8cb55a616c3","documentId":"osft-doc-0150","id":"c152","text":"Making funding and publishing processes more transparent and consistent helps generate evidence needed to inform effective policy-making.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"transparency helping generate policy-relevant evidence","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"B y  m a k i n g  t h e s e  p r o c e s s e s  m o r e\nt r a n s p a r e n t  a n d  c o n s i s t e n t ,  o r g a n i s a t i o n s  c a n  e n a b l e  r i g o r o u s  e m p i r i c a l  i n v e s t i g a t i o n  i n t o  h o w  f u n d i n g\na n d  p u b l i s h i n g  p r a c t i c e s  i n f l u e n c e  r e p r o d u c i b i l i t y  a n d  h e l p  g e n e r a t e  e v i d e n c e  n e e d e d  t o  i n f o r m\ne f f e c t i v e  p o l i c y - m a k i n g .","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-0150/c153","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/394cde99cfb946ad","nativeRecordCid":"d54a9f80-4b57-42de-abaa-bcfb92704b90","documentId":"osft-doc-0150","id":"c153","text":"Epistemic diversity is defined as the condition or fact of being different or varied, which affects the development and/or understanding of knowledge.","kind":"definitional","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"epistemic diversity","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"[ 1 2 ]  E p i s t e m i c  d i v e r s i t y  r e f e r s ,  a c c o r d i n g  t o  L e o n e l l i  ( 2 0 2 2 ) ,  t o  “ t h e  c o n d i t i o n  o r  f a c t  o f  b e i n g  d i f f e r e n t  o r  v a r i e d ,  w h i c h\na f f e c t s  t h e  d e v e l o p m e n t  a n d / o r  u n d e r s t a n d i n g  o f  k n o w l e d g e ” .","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-0150/c154","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/fc8feaf9f17b46d7","nativeRecordCid":"b686c806-fcfb-42d4-b2d4-42513684038c","documentId":"osft-doc-0150","id":"c154","text":"In qualitative, exploratory, or interpretivist traditions, reproducibility may be less relevant as an indicator of quality than concepts like credibility, reflexivity, or plausibility.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"relevance of reproducibility in qualitative traditions","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"E s p e c i a l l y  i n  q u a l i t a t i v e ,  e x p l o r a t o r y ,  o r  i n t e r p r e t i v i s t\nt r a d i t i o n s ,  r e p r o d u c i b i l i t y  m a y  h e n c e  b e  l e s s\nr e l e v a n t  a s  a n  i n d i c a t o r  o f  q u a l i t y  t h a n  c o n c e p t s  l i k e  c r e d i b i l i t y ,  r e f l e x i v i t y ,  o r  p l a u s i b i l i t y .","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-0150/c155","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/b958bc61b95c46c8","nativeRecordCid":"7179cd18-5c0c-4431-9c91-9f4ac2e08d57","documentId":"osft-doc-0150","id":"c155","text":"Epistemic diversity shapes the meanings and implications of reproducibility across research methods, disciplines and cultures.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"epistemic diversity's effect on reproducibility","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"T I E R 2 ’ s  a p p r o a c h  t o  i m p r o v i n g  r e p r o d u c i b i l i t y  w a s  d e e p l y  c o n t e x t u a l ,  i n f o r m e d  b y  p r e v i o u s  t h e o r e t i c a l\nw o r k  r e g a r d i n g  t h e  r o l e  o f  “ e p i s t e m i c  d i v e r s i t y ”  [ 1 2 ]  i n  s h a p i n g  t h e  m e a n i n g s  a n d  i m p l i c a t i o n s  o f\nr e p r o d u c i b i l i t y  a c r o s s  r e s e a r c h  m e t h o d s ,  d i s c i p l i n e s  a n d  c u l t u r e s  ( G u t t i n g e r ,  2 0 2 0 ;  L e o n e l l i ,  2 0 1 8 ,\n2 0 2 2 ;  P e n d e r s  e t  a l . ,  2 0 1 9 ) .","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0150/c156","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/81b4461592ea4528","nativeRecordCid":"9b53aa54-518e-43e4-9191-7c0b3d9f6605","documentId":"osft-doc-0150","id":"c156","text":"The Knowledge Production Modes (KPM) framework interprets reproducibility as a function of both epistemic relevance and practical feasibility.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"Knowledge Production Modes framework","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"T h e  c o r e  o f  T I E R 2 ’ s  c o n t r i b u t i o n  t o  t h i s  u n d e r s t a n d i n g  i s  t h e  K n o w l e d g e\nP r o d u c t i o n  M o d e s  ( K P M )  f r a m e w o r k ,  w h i c h  i n t e r p r e t s  r e p r o d u c i b i l i t y  a s  a  f u n c t i o n  o f  b o t h  e p i s t e m i c\nr e l e v a n c e  a n d  p r a c t i c a l  f e a s i b i l i t y  ( U l p t s  &  S c h n e i d e r ,  2 0 2 5 ) .","representedInStars":true}
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{"key":"osft-doc-0150/c161","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/fdc4c45293074a75","nativeRecordCid":"6e649f73-00ab-4982-bd9d-f70535422df6","documentId":"osft-doc-0150","id":"c161","text":"Redoing is defined as attempting to repeat part or all of a study.","kind":"definitional","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"redoing","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"O u r  r e s p o n s e  w a s  p r a g m a t i c :  d i s t i n g u i s h i n g  b e t w e e n  r e d o i n g  ( a t t e m p t i n g\nt o  r e p e a t  p a r t  o r  a l l  o f  a  s t u d y )  a n d  p r a c t i c e s  a i m e d  a t  e n a b l i n g  r e d o i n g  ( p r o v i d i n g  t r a n s p a r e n c y  s o\no t h e r s  c a n  u n d e r s t a n d  o r  r e u s e  t h e  w o r k ) .","representedInStars":true}
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{"key":"osft-doc-0151/c6","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/ea433755b59d4a4b","nativeRecordCid":"1379e5fa-9e49-4c20-ad1b-12c32380c0cd","documentId":"osft-doc-0151","id":"c6","text":"ROR is a cross-organizational and multi-stakeholder initiative run by a small steering group in collaboration with a broad network of community advisors and supporters.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"ROR's organizational structure","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"ROR is a cross-organizational and multi-stakeholder initiative run by a small steering group in collaboration with a broad network of community advisors and supporters.","representedInStars":false}
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{"key":"osft-doc-0151/c8","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/bd5754ca41cd4a00","nativeRecordCid":"061d4406-0736-4b72-8d5c-9e29d6860599","documentId":"osft-doc-0151","id":"c8","text":"Reflecting and reinforcing core principles of openness, transparency, and sustainability for research infrastructure has been a central aim and focus for ROR since the very beginning.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"ROR's aim of openness/transparency/sustainability","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Reflecting and reinforcing core principles of openness, transparency, and sustainability for research infrastructure has been a central aim and focus for ROR since the very beginning.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0151/c9","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/182a029fc3624479","nativeRecordCid":"abfc8acc-6ad2-4ec8-b09a-663868dcf0d4","documentId":"osft-doc-0151","id":"c9","text":"Adoption of ROR and implementation of open affiliation identifiers is growing across the scholarly landscape.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"adoption of ROR","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"as we are seeing greater adoption of ROR and implementation of open affiliation identifiers across the scholarly landscape","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0151/c10","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/76cdb70115ae426a","nativeRecordCid":"f6a60324-bb50-4687-a4c4-107815f1829e","documentId":"osft-doc-0151","id":"c10","text":"POSI's sixteen principles aim to encourage the scholarly community to more critically assess the infrastructure they rely on.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"POSI principles' aim","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"POSI’s set of sixteen principles was proposed in 2015 with the aim of encouraging the scholarly community to more critically assess the infrastructure they rely on and hold each other to account.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0151/c11","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/8e6f0f216ef04c2a","nativeRecordCid":"42e3eed9-a296-41c6-81e5-5118e620b321","documentId":"osft-doc-0151","id":"c11","text":"POSI's sixteen principles aim to encourage the scholarly community to hold each other to account.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"POSI principles' aim","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"POSI’s set of sixteen principles was proposed in 2015 with the aim of encouraging the scholarly community to more critically assess the infrastructure they rely on and hold each other to account.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0151/c12","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/c40eecbc1bfd4c18","nativeRecordCid":"4fbc8ba5-f685-48a2-ac48-c5c801735645","documentId":"osft-doc-0151","id":"c12","text":"POSI has been built upon and discussed by others in the community.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"POSI's development","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"POSI has since been built upon and discussed by others in the community","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-0151/c13","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/9700053660854fa5","nativeRecordCid":"2a90f108-10e7-4ad6-9bc9-dbd81e1093c7","documentId":"osft-doc-0151","id":"c13","text":"The POSI website aims to guide and encourage infrastructure organizations and initiatives to make a commitment to POSI.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"POSI website's aim","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"In addition to codifying the principles, the website also aims to guide and encourage infrastructure organizations and initiatives to make a commitment to POSI.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0151/c14","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/7998d053b9544e50","nativeRecordCid":"372d363f-c38a-4aac-9518-2692da9866cf","documentId":"osft-doc-0151","id":"c14","text":"The POSI framework focuses on accountability (governance) as a key area for open infrastructure organizations and initiatives to garner the trust of the broader scholarly community.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"POSI framework's focus areas","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The POSI framework focuses on three key areas for open infrastructure organizations and initiatives to garner the trust of the broader scholarly community: accountability (governance), funding (sustainability), and protection of community interests (insurance).","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0151/c15","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/d6424abd4a4240a3","nativeRecordCid":"9703b11d-9a8d-4fd7-84a8-83a0ac62b8eb","documentId":"osft-doc-0151","id":"c15","text":"The POSI framework focuses on funding (sustainability) as a key area for open infrastructure organizations and initiatives to garner the trust of the broader scholarly community.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"POSI framework's focus areas","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The POSI framework focuses on three key areas for open infrastructure organizations and initiatives to garner the trust of the broader scholarly community: accountability (governance), funding (sustainability), and protection of community interests (insurance).","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0151/c16","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/63a9284ae7404334","nativeRecordCid":"e09d8e1c-abf0-4c93-8603-0c52e7965069","documentId":"osft-doc-0151","id":"c16","text":"The POSI framework focuses on protection of community interests (insurance) as a key area for open infrastructure organizations and initiatives to garner the trust of the broader scholarly community.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"POSI framework's focus areas","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The POSI framework focuses on three key areas for open infrastructure organizations and initiatives to garner the trust of the broader scholarly community: accountability (governance), funding (sustainability), and protection of community interests (insurance).","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0151/c17","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/eae24ebe14ac4c8d","nativeRecordCid":"9e3b0dfe-24cb-4f4d-8254-1d08ee79e8d4","documentId":"osft-doc-0151","id":"c17","text":"The POSI principles must be considered as a whole.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"","subject":"POSI principles","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The principles must be considered as a whole; one is not more important than the other.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0151/c18","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/fd690f60db2045ba","nativeRecordCid":"45c44a81-d27d-4117-a761-f3d6b23bb148","documentId":"osft-doc-0151","id":"c18","text":"No POSI principle is more important than another.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"relative importance of POSI principles","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The principles must be considered as a whole; one is not more important than the other.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0151/c19","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/2b9bbd44a9d241c5","nativeRecordCid":"f6f6f1be-0237-4edb-a931-2c3dcde6211c","documentId":"osft-doc-0151","id":"c19","text":"Focusing specifically on reaching one POSI item's green status is counterproductive if it has a detrimental impact on another commitment.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"focusing on a single POSI item","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"It would be counterproductive to focus specifically on reaching one item’s “green” status if it would have a detrimental impact on another commitment.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0151/c20","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/0a77d1152294435a","nativeRecordCid":"47b9fe09-7ba1-4faf-af0e-1f79accc6a66","documentId":"osft-doc-0151","id":"c20","text":"Adherence to the POSI principles is an ongoing process.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"adherence to POSI principles","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Adherence to the principles is an ongoing process.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0151/c21","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/e2e49193cc5c4bce","nativeRecordCid":"69fec3b5-d70b-4455-8974-22e869f14d80","documentId":"osft-doc-0151","id":"c21","text":"ROR has taken an innovative approach of offering open infrastructure through a multi-organization collaboration instead of a standalone organization.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"ROR's governance approach","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Since ROR has taken an innovative approach of offering open infrastructure through a multi-organization collaboration instead of a standalone organization, some of these principles are less applicable than others.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0151/c22","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/9abf937fa9e64576","nativeRecordCid":"55fc2923-94aa-4ccb-b089-0992894dcb57","documentId":"osft-doc-0151","id":"c22","text":"Some POSI principles are less applicable to ROR because of its multi-organization collaboration approach.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"applicability of POSI principles to ROR","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Since ROR has taken an innovative approach of offering open infrastructure through a multi-organization collaboration instead of a standalone organization, some of these principles are less applicable than others.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0151/c23","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/a088b842160f41c1","nativeRecordCid":"51337f95-682b-4337-b45c-a19fb1e93b8c","documentId":"osft-doc-0151","id":"c23","text":"ROR is newly implemented infrastructure.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"ROR's maturity","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Furthermore, it is newly implemented infrastructure and it will take time to meet all of the principles in an ideal way.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0151/c24","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/46e89dd2e0fe4d16","nativeRecordCid":"6312ea83-d02e-4afb-9df4-7161d8c877b5","documentId":"osft-doc-0151","id":"c24","text":"It will take time for ROR to meet all of the POSI principles in an ideal way.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"ROR meeting POSI principles","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Furthermore, it is newly implemented infrastructure and it will take time to meet all of the principles in an ideal way.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0151/c25","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/adad2fc9a2864efe","nativeRecordCid":"5cef984d-72d7-4421-b4f0-3bebf788c0f2","documentId":"osft-doc-0151","id":"c25","text":"Research transcends disciplines, geography, institutions and stakeholders.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"research's scope","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"it is increasingly clear that research transcends disciplines, geography, institutions and stakeholders.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-0151/c26","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/5f7743e34a9846cf","nativeRecordCid":"c51e91f6-153b-4a9a-ae54-e28173e1b4bb","documentId":"osft-doc-0151","id":"c26","text":"Infrastructure that supports research needs to transcend disciplines, geography, institutions and stakeholders in the same way research does.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"infrastructure that supports research","subject":"infrastructure's coverage scope","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The infrastructure that supports it needs to do the same.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-0151/c27","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/1b91421b62c14f62","nativeRecordCid":"a05bb0c3-1e1a-489e-8066-a2716e470d58","documentId":"osft-doc-0151","id":"c27","text":"ROR covers many types of research organizations.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"ROR's coverage of organizations","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"ROR covers many types of research organizations, including universities, government bodies, research facilities, medical facilities, funders, publishers, and research-producing companies.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0151/c28","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/980a91ff4ffc4b2b","nativeRecordCid":"fe1fb827-e480-4739-8380-bae63f8b7ba1","documentId":"osft-doc-0151","id":"c28","text":"ROR IDs can be used to identify affiliations for many types of research activities.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"ROR IDs' use","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"In this way, ROR IDs can be used to identify affiliations for many types of research activities.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0151/c29","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/5b20205672af45de","nativeRecordCid":"4d772057-2c3d-49b2-b536-981c287f659b","documentId":"osft-doc-0151","id":"c29","text":"ROR stakeholders reflect a diversity of institutions and geographies.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"ROR stakeholders' diversity","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"ROR stakeholders also reflect a diversity of institutions and geographies.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0151/c30","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/8fbc2645566e4748","nativeRecordCid":"b872ab5d-4c5d-4df1-b136-c3bc8b5f5902","documentId":"osft-doc-0151","id":"c30","text":"A board-governed organisation drawn from the stakeholder community builds more confidence that the organisation will take decisions driven by community consensus and consideration of different interests.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"board-governed organisations","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"a board-governed organisation drawn from the stakeholder community builds more confidence that the organisation will take decisions driven by community consensus and consideration of different interests.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-0151/c31","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/c7316bba3ab24265","nativeRecordCid":"73b5a2e0-34b8-4059-88a5-10b8fdbfdb72","documentId":"osft-doc-0151","id":"c31","text":"ROR is not a standalone organization by design as a multi-organization collaboration.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"ROR's organizational status","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"As a multi-organization collaboration, ROR is by design not a standalone organization and consequently has no official mechanism for board governance.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0151/c32","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/1c873111333c45a2","nativeRecordCid":"62130045-01d0-4cb3-9033-3c58f540640c","documentId":"osft-doc-0151","id":"c32","text":"ROR has no official mechanism for board governance.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"ROR's governance mechanism","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"As a multi-organization collaboration, ROR is by design not a standalone organization and consequently has no official mechanism for board governance.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0151/c33","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/2d02345cbe4b4efe","nativeRecordCid":"ea5ddd5e-9aac-4421-b50e-9df97cbc4477","documentId":"osft-doc-0151","id":"c33","text":"The ROR Steering Group, which advises the strategic direction of ROR, is drawn from the wider stakeholder community.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"ROR Steering Group's composition","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"However, the ROR Steering Group, which advises the strategic direction of ROR, is drawn from the wider stakeholder community.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0151/c34","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/6185d28407b745a8","nativeRecordCid":"d29fbfc7-3cbc-4339-9540-4cd0a4975620","documentId":"osft-doc-0151","id":"c34","text":"The ROR Steering Group will continue to evolve as adoption and uptake of ROR grows.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"ROR Steering Group's evolution","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"This group will continue to evolve as adoption and uptake of ROR grows as well.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0151/c35","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/51822fdd651e44e8","nativeRecordCid":"89afde3d-4a80-4532-80da-5a9fec214583","documentId":"osft-doc-0151","id":"c35","text":"Any stakeholder group may express an interest in participating in infrastructure governance.","kind":"normative","modality":"may","actor":"stakeholder group","subject":"stakeholder group participation","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"we see the best option as an “opt-in” approach with a principle of non-discrimination where any stakeholder group may express an interest and should be welcome.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0151/c36","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/0136338110af45b3","nativeRecordCid":"20ffe72f-8c75-4b2e-ae35-d204a07fc08c","documentId":"osft-doc-0151","id":"c36","text":"Any stakeholder group that expresses an interest should be welcome.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"infrastructure organisation","subject":"welcoming interested stakeholder groups","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"we see the best option as an “opt-in” approach with a principle of non-discrimination where any stakeholder group may express an interest and should be welcome.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-0151/c37","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/f59398d6e24a47d3","nativeRecordCid":"eefe7845-9a81-4115-b821-bd245b504477","documentId":"osft-doc-0151","id":"c37","text":"The process of representation in day to day governance must be inclusive with governance that reflects the demographics of the membership.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"infrastructure organisation's governance process","subject":"representation in governance","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The process of representation in day to day governance must also be inclusive with governance that reflects the demographics of the membership.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-0151/c38","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/cbb4b82d76fd4a8c","nativeRecordCid":"d194791f-d75b-426e-bad3-4785224c4eda","documentId":"osft-doc-0151","id":"c38","text":"ROR has no membership model by design and operates on the basis of self-selected participation as an open, community-based initiative.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"ROR's membership model","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"As an open, community-based initiative, ROR has no membership model by design but rather operates on the basis of self-selected participation.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0151/c39","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/1033ed75fe3249ba","nativeRecordCid":"2f7e4283-6720-471d-bb5e-25d50ad28f1c","documentId":"osft-doc-0151","id":"c39","text":"Anyone is welcome to join the ROR Community Advisory Group and take part in meetings and discussions about ROR's progress and future directions.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"ROR Community Advisory Group participation","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Anyone is welcome to join the ROR Community Advisory Group and take part in meetings and discussions about ROR’s progress and future directions.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0151/c40","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/2d87c0e9ad194ae4","nativeRecordCid":"f37bbbe1-9e69-4103-8ee2-92e5434a0bdb","documentId":"osft-doc-0151","id":"c40","text":"Participation in ROR is not determined by an individual or organization's location, resources, industry, or beliefs.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"participation criteria in ROR","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Participation is not determined by an individual or organization’s location, resources, industry, or beliefs.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0151/c41","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/07a5b6b62c9b47e6","nativeRecordCid":"28e3f0dd-7b35-4ff9-bd28-2e26b8d55f9e","documentId":"osft-doc-0151","id":"c41","text":"Trust in the selection of representatives to governance groups is best achieved through transparent processes and operations in general, within the constraints of privacy laws.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"trust in governance representative selection","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"achieving trust in the selection of representatives to governance groups will be best achieved through transparent processes and operations in general (within the constraints of privacy laws).","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-0151/c42","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/9bf1d437467e4d1a","nativeRecordCid":"6875ea05-81f2-4dab-8157-9c82327d2d75","documentId":"osft-doc-0151","id":"c42","text":"ROR's day-to-day operations are overseen by its governing organizations: California Digital Library, Crossref, and DataCite.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"oversight of ROR's operations","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"ROR’s day-to-day operations are overseen by its governing organizations: California Digital Library, Crossref, and DataCite.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0151/c43","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/0efb4a3213434c8a","nativeRecordCid":"4c58a699-caf7-4a5b-bd35-bfb97471e620","documentId":"osft-doc-0151","id":"c43","text":"ROR's governing organizations have signed a memorandum of agreement that states their long-term resource commitments to ROR.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"ROR governing orgs' agreement","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"These organizations have signed a memorandum of agreement that states their long-term resource commitments to ROR.","representedInStars":false}
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{"key":"osft-doc-0151/c46","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/15579d9ef34e4452","nativeRecordCid":"7e49a19b-d7ca-4a7e-9215-da172ac9530f","documentId":"osft-doc-0151","id":"c46","text":"An infrastructure organisation should depend on its community to support the creation of a legislative environment that affects it.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"infrastructure organisation","subject":"reliance on community for legislation","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"An infrastructure organisation’s role is to provide a base for others to work on and should depend on its community to support the creation of a legislative environment that affects it.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-0151/c47","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/6b84e5229d264611","nativeRecordCid":"b571af27-dbcb-4b03-bcc2-552abb8bd5ac","documentId":"osft-doc-0151","id":"c47","text":"ROR began as a collaborative effort across multiple organizations in the scholarly research and research infrastructure community and continues to be run as a multi-stakeholder collaboration.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"ROR's collaborative origin","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"ROR began as a collaborative effort across multiple organizations in the scholarly research and research infrastructure community and continues to be run as a multi-stakeholder collaboration.","representedInStars":false}
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{"key":"osft-doc-0151/c50","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/3a6b96af22644673","nativeRecordCid":"1d08d0d8-9d45-4434-af85-931efd22f404","documentId":"osft-doc-0151","id":"c50","text":"ROR does not lobby nor does ROR include regulatory change as part of its remit.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"ROR's lobbying stance","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"ROR does not lobby nor does ROR include regulatory change as part of its remit.","representedInStars":false}
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{"key":"osft-doc-0151/c54","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/526f83df544e44ca","nativeRecordCid":"e7bdad38-609a-48c9-af07-3cd650f9cb62","documentId":"osft-doc-0151","id":"c54","text":"A signed agreement between ROR's governing organizations describes how ROR would be shut down and how responsibilities for coordinating ROR could be transferred to successors, if applicable.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"ROR's shutdown agreement","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"A signed agreement between ROR’s governing organizations describes how ROR would be shut down and how responsibilities for coordinating ROR could be transferred to successors, if applicable.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0151/c55","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/ed41771327144a55","nativeRecordCid":"1c3a0815-e516-4e1b-98eb-ea5f8347fefa","documentId":"osft-doc-0151","id":"c55","text":"ROR's living-will plan includes how the ROR team would handle remaining assets to ensure long-term preservation, access, and stewardship of the registry.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"ROR's asset-handling plan","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"This plan includes how the ROR team would handle remaining assets to ensure long-term preservation, access, and stewardship of the registry.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0151/c56","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/ffd36afef6e94bad","nativeRecordCid":"2b04fb36-5098-4017-8c50-d5916a0ac354","documentId":"osft-doc-0151","id":"c56","text":"ROR data will always be open and available under a CC0 waiver.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"ROR data's openness","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"ROR data will always be open and available under a CC0 waiver.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0151/c57","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/8a4268419bb142ea","nativeRecordCid":"224d98ce-7a33-4d6b-9cb9-441c63f7b498","documentId":"osft-doc-0151","id":"c57","text":"Transfer of responsibilities for management of the registry will not impact the openness and availability of ROR data.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"transfer of ROR management","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Transfer of responsibilities for management of the registry will not impact the openness and availability of ROR data.","representedInStars":false}
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{"key":"osft-doc-0151/c59","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/b4da5a3d46464fc3","nativeRecordCid":"25c75046-a20f-4096-b2bd-33e978658a6e","documentId":"osft-doc-0151","id":"c59","text":"The purpose of an infrastructure can be radically simplified or even rendered unnecessary by technological or social change.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"infrastructure's purpose vulnerability","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"that purpose can be radically simplified or even rendered unnecessary by technological or social change.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-0151/c60","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/088d80ba787b4402","nativeRecordCid":"217f59a8-1ccc-4303-b867-cbd56630d01b","documentId":"osft-doc-0151","id":"c60","text":"If it is possible, an infrastructure organisation and its staff should have direct incentives to deliver on the mission and wind down.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"infrastructure organisation and staff","subject":"incentives to deliver mission and wind down","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"If it is possible the organisation (and staff) should have direct incentives to deliver on the mission and wind down.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-0151/c61","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/5143453f1a0e40f7","nativeRecordCid":"e65e4bee-fcf0-4528-b0d6-09a4fb704635","documentId":"osft-doc-0151","id":"c61","text":"ROR is already lean by design as a relatively small and focused effort.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"ROR's lean design","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"As a relatively small and focused effort, ROR is already lean by design.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0151/c62","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/7426bdd6122d4b9b","nativeRecordCid":"c9388732-7f9a-4c7a-b437-b4ad1fb67012","documentId":"osft-doc-0151","id":"c62","text":"ROR is more nimble by deliberately operating as an initiative and not forming an organization.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"ROR's nimbleness","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"By deliberately operating as an initiative and not forming an organization, ROR is more nimble and won’t face a scenario in which an organization has to be dissolved.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0151/c63","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/2c441d1cec27460f","nativeRecordCid":"33f29889-42f7-4c6c-abb6-f8f2bfa01d29","documentId":"osft-doc-0151","id":"c63","text":"ROR won't face a scenario in which an organization has to be dissolved, by deliberately operating as an initiative and not forming an organization.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"ROR's avoidance of dissolution","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"By deliberately operating as an initiative and not forming an organization, ROR is more nimble and won’t face a scenario in which an organization has to be dissolved.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0151/c64","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/b00e6c91d22d4ab9","nativeRecordCid":"9b930e79-7eaf-4a22-98e2-a6fa44984e11","documentId":"osft-doc-0151","id":"c64","text":"ROR identifiers will continue to be needed for as long as affiliation data is a core aspect of research infrastructure.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"need for ROR identifiers","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"ROR identifiers will continue to be needed for as long as affiliation data is a core aspect of research infrastructure.","representedInStars":false}
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{"key":"osft-doc-0151/c66","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/3c40f8542a6d4077","nativeRecordCid":"72bacddc-1d3a-4ad0-9e59-38641002601e","documentId":"osft-doc-0151","id":"c66","text":"Grant dependency for funding operations makes operations fragile.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"grant dependency's effect","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Grant dependency for funding operations makes them fragile and more easily distracted from building core infrastructure.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-0151/c67","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/a055e44b40334be8","nativeRecordCid":"173fb166-f7c1-4b92-bf8a-923366dc5264","documentId":"osft-doc-0151","id":"c67","text":"Grant dependency for funding operations makes operations more easily distracted from building core infrastructure.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"grant dependency's effect","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Grant dependency for funding operations makes them fragile and more easily distracted from building core infrastructure.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-0151/c68","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/cae6c7c3744f41bf","nativeRecordCid":"8d2c3f4a-461e-4cac-ae59-7b49b6a8c26b","documentId":"osft-doc-0151","id":"c68","text":"ROR is designed to be operated and sustained through a mix of funding sources.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"ROR's funding design","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"ROR is designed to be operated and sustained through a mix of funding sources.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0151/c69","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/c8dee1135bab484d","nativeRecordCid":"d0f67b4b-3ba2-4136-bd5f-297ed772a2c6","documentId":"osft-doc-0151","id":"c69","text":"ROR's funding mix includes in-kind contributions by ROR's governing organizations.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"ROR's funding sources","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"In-kind contributions by ROR’s governing organizations","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0151/c70","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/b04d9cd75b96402b","nativeRecordCid":"28f7be04-ed9b-4427-ad2d-9b4f2487762a","documentId":"osft-doc-0151","id":"c70","text":"ROR's funding mix includes contributory investments by community stakeholders.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"ROR's funding sources","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Contributory investments by community stakeholders","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0151/c71","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/cb104752ef9e4e44","nativeRecordCid":"e2f55647-e9e4-4091-ae52-b84357ef6643","documentId":"osft-doc-0151","id":"c71","text":"ROR's funding mix includes grant funding for discrete project work.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"ROR's funding sources","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Grant funding for discrete project work","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0151/c72","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/576668aec747493c","nativeRecordCid":"a476b3b1-61de-493f-a01f-6c47836bcce9","documentId":"osft-doc-0151","id":"c72","text":"ROR's funding mix includes optional paid service fees for organizations that require additional technical support, based on services and not on access to ROR data.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"ROR's funding sources","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Optional paid service fees for organizations that require additional technical support, (any such fee would be based on services and not on access to ROR data, described in more detail below)","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0151/c73","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/af5c0a1ca3e54f55","nativeRecordCid":"0d17f3c1-64e2-408c-9d72-6f42d7141cf9","documentId":"osft-doc-0151","id":"c73","text":"Organisations which define sustainability based merely on recovering costs are brittle.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"cost-recovery-only organisations","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"organisations which define sustainability based merely on recovering costs are brittle and stagnant.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-0151/c74","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/cabfac89fd7c4c82","nativeRecordCid":"97ea372c-8904-4d14-93ba-c06f91d9f17b","documentId":"osft-doc-0151","id":"c74","text":"Organisations which define sustainability based merely on recovering costs are stagnant.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"cost-recovery-only organisations","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"organisations which define sustainability based merely on recovering costs are brittle and stagnant.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-0151/c75","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/72f4cbeddf384656","nativeRecordCid":"90e2d6ce-b2ad-4ec4-998d-2d002979c6e3","documentId":"osft-doc-0151","id":"c75","text":"An organisation must be able to adapt and change, not merely survive.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"organisation","subject":"organisation's adaptability","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"It is not enough to merely survive, it has to be able to adapt and change.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-0151/c76","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/5bf5d4e9144945a7","nativeRecordCid":"370568ad-b8af-44f9-95d8-1cad61f9576c","documentId":"osft-doc-0151","id":"c76","text":"To weather economic, social and technological volatility, organisations need financial resources beyond immediate operating costs.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"organisation","subject":"financial resources for volatility","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"To weather economic, social and technological volatility, they need financial resources beyond immediate operating costs.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-0151/c77","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/92e1c43d399a4c2b","nativeRecordCid":"a8aeb13f-e29d-4d24-b426-014bbf354966","documentId":"osft-doc-0151","id":"c77","text":"ROR is still in its startup phase.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"ROR's startup phase status","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"ROR is still in its startup phase and prides itself on running operations that are as lean as possible.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0151/c78","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/f2a3362afaaf4367","nativeRecordCid":"6a036b74-30ad-43f2-ae73-1934e5cff6f4","documentId":"osft-doc-0151","id":"c78","text":"ROR runs operations that are as lean as possible.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"ROR's operational leanness","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"ROR is still in its startup phase and prides itself on running operations that are as lean as possible.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0151/c79","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/85250a2ed0c0408a","nativeRecordCid":"decb9aaf-6837-4e8f-82d5-8c4dbfc3214b","documentId":"osft-doc-0151","id":"c79","text":"During the startup phase, ROR's governing organizations contribute in-kind support to maintain the resources needed to keep ROR running.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"governing orgs' in-kind support","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"During the startup phase, ROR’s governing organizations contribute in-kind support to maintain the resources needed to keep ROR running.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0151/c80","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/fdb4aec221484d20","nativeRecordCid":"e7a8de11-eac5-4a1f-bc45-9eb4553e4ec5","documentId":"osft-doc-0151","id":"c80","text":"The banking and funds management of the ROR project has remained in sequestered financial reporting structures since its inception.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"ROR's financial reporting structure","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Since its inception the banking and funds management of the ROR project has remained in sequestered financial reporting structures.","representedInStars":false}
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{"key":"osft-doc-0211/c13","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/281b14b1199e4e34","nativeRecordCid":"cdbd1dc6-adb1-41f5-99d1-d00bcc2f2bad","documentId":"osft-doc-0211","id":"c13","text":"Establishing open access as a worthwhile procedure requires the active commitment of each and every individual producer of scientific knowledge and holder of cultural heritage.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"individual producers of scientific knowledge and holders of cultural heritage","subject":"establishing open access","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Establishing open access as a worthwhile procedure ideally requires the active commitment of each and every individual producer of scientific knowledge and holder of cultural heritage.","representedInStars":false}
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{"key":"osft-doc-0268/c12","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/0c6784e932e547fc","nativeRecordCid":"d59ff127-190d-407d-9926-3ab608c49a17","documentId":"osft-doc-0268","id":"c12","text":"Journal Impact Factors are not a measure of the academic quality of individual articles.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"Journal Impact Factors","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Pre-requisites include implementation of the San Francisco Declaration and the Leiden Manifesto, and acknowledgment that Journal Impact Factors are no measure for the academic quality of individual articles.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-0268/c13","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/98a9bcf6273a4db5","nativeRecordCid":"b49cab17-22c8-4676-8c84-063788e81d3e","documentId":"osft-doc-0268","id":"c13","text":"UNESCO adding its considerable voice to the call for a re-alignment of the rewards system is important.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"UNESCO's support for rewards system re-alignment","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"It is important that UNESCO has added its considerable voice to the call for a re-alignment of the rewards system.","representedInStars":false}
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{"key":"osft-doc-0268/c18","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/2f6e4cbcfd874786","nativeRecordCid":"f384ecc6-478c-4e1d-b641-968166172fb9","documentId":"osft-doc-0268","id":"c18","text":"LERU's internal Report looks at all the areas of Open Science and identifies those where more work is needed.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"LERU internal Report","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"LERU continued its work with an internal\nReport\nlooking at all the areas of Open Science and identifying those where more work was needed.","representedInStars":false}
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{"key":"osft-doc-0298/c42","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/aa381e0e1dc9434f","nativeRecordCid":"ac5cf30d-c851-495b-8c12-52bf2aec3edb","documentId":"osft-doc-0298","id":"c42","text":"Google Dataset Search does not yet fulfill the needs of biomedical researchers.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"Google Dataset Search","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Google Dataset Search does not yet fulfill the needs of biomedical researchers for reasons that include: the limitations of a broad schema not developed for biological data, divergence in formatting, coding and units of experimental data, limited features in the user interface, and lack of an Application Programming Interface (API).","representedInStars":false}
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{"key":"osft-doc-0298/c45","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/37f0a488a50d47aa","nativeRecordCid":"60baa93f-25b9-43fe-b40e-b575aba4481c","documentId":"osft-doc-0298","id":"c45","text":"Google Dataset Search lacks an Application Programming Interface (API).","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"Google Dataset Search","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Google Dataset Search does not yet fulfill the needs of biomedical researchers for reasons that include: the limitations of a broad schema not developed for biological data, divergence in formatting, coding and units of experimental data, limited features in the user interface, and lack of an Application Programming Interface (API).","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0298/c46","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/a353da7aa308493a","nativeRecordCid":"9365c6c6-def9-4b58-a827-19676f2711fd","documentId":"osft-doc-0298","id":"c46","text":"Bioschemas efforts currently focus on developing properties across many different researchers and working groups to be integrated within Schema.org.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"Bioschemas","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"exist to create more biologically-relevant schemas, but those efforts currently focus on developing properties across many different researchers and working groups to be integrated within Schema.org which may need to be further customized to a particular research context.","representedInStars":false}
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{"key":"osft-doc-0298/c48","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/5e12a5830e504c76","nativeRecordCid":"24dd3d2d-cbc3-4756-acce-73129dc84c87","documentId":"osft-doc-0298","id":"c48","text":"General purpose repositories were more likely than specialized repositories to use Schema.org-compliant markup.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"general purpose vs specialized repositories","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"We found that general purpose repositories, sources not limited to biological data, were more likely than specialized repositories to use Schema.org-compliant markup","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0298/c49","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/e8d824602f1f450d","nativeRecordCid":"7b4a2104-e8be-42b4-b307-269221879032","documentId":"osft-doc-0298","id":"c49","text":"The broader data sharing community has coalesced on the Schema.org standard.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"data sharing community","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The broader data sharing community, represented by 78% of generalist sources surveyed, has coalesced on the Schema.org standard, but biological repositories lag in migrating to a single data standard.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0298/c50","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/a7c95d40a0a54470","nativeRecordCid":"92681d19-5911-47c9-a101-be98b12b6589","documentId":"osft-doc-0298","id":"c50","text":"Biological repositories lag in migrating to a single data standard.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"biological repositories","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The broader data sharing community, represented by 78% of generalist sources surveyed, has coalesced on the Schema.org standard, but biological repositories lag in migrating to a single data standard.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0298/c51","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/173489d1cb0f4fa4","nativeRecordCid":"e1dd9312-0601-42da-9df6-a2d4d5104c77","documentId":"osft-doc-0298","id":"c51","text":"The vast majority of biomedical data repositories are not findable in dataset projects such as Google Dataset Search.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"biomedical data repositories","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"As a result, the vast majority of biomedical data repositories are neither findable in dataset projects such as Google Dataset Search, nor interoperable with dataset metadata from other sources.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0298/c52","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/28835d4ca32e4608","nativeRecordCid":"3450f37b-6842-48d2-a88f-4eda7f3019fc","documentId":"osft-doc-0298","id":"c52","text":"The vast majority of biomedical data repositories are not interoperable with dataset metadata from other sources.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"biomedical data repositories","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"As a result, the vast majority of biomedical data repositories are neither findable in dataset projects such as Google Dataset Search, nor interoperable with dataset metadata from other sources.","representedInStars":false}
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{"key":"osft-doc-0298/c55","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/1563fae63ad94cd0","nativeRecordCid":"f5394b76-4be4-4cc2-a6f8-452c48e954b3","documentId":"osft-doc-0298","id":"c55","text":"The adoption of Schema.org Dataset properties was associated with usage by metadata harvesters.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"Schema.org Dataset properties","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The adoption of the Schema.org Dataset properties was associated with usage by metadata harvesters.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0298/c56","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/a28f301e2e954752","nativeRecordCid":"422b958d-d949-4295-b1e1-6132c599e2c3","documentId":"osft-doc-0298","id":"c56","text":"Name and description are the only two fields required by Google Dataset Search.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"Google Dataset Search required fields","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"were almost universally provided, and are the only two fields required by Google Dataset Search.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0298/c57","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/c94bbeb1593e4c88","nativeRecordCid":"801ae570-51c3-4ad5-b471-ae43ccd911d7","documentId":"osft-doc-0298","id":"c57","text":"Of the remaining available Schema.org Dataset properties, very few are actually relevant to promoting findability in biomedical datasets.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"Schema.org Dataset properties","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Of the remaining available properties, very few are actually relevant to promoting findability in biomedical datasets.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0298/c58","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/96c3a1daf0014cce","nativeRecordCid":"6c0e1cc5-3aa2-42be-b190-ddeb99f2e4dd","documentId":"osft-doc-0298","id":"c58","text":"The Schema.org Dataset profile derives and inherits properties from the Schema.org CreativeWork profile.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"Schema.org Dataset profile","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"This may simply be a reflection of the fact that the Schema.org Dataset profile derives and inherits properties from the Schema.org CreativeWork profile, which has many general properties irrelevant to biological sciences.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0298/c59","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/c7f7cc0daf8d49a2","nativeRecordCid":"1051b529-277f-47fe-a8ae-1d01ac5ba710","documentId":"osft-doc-0298","id":"c59","text":"The Schema.org CreativeWork profile has many general properties irrelevant to biological sciences.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"Schema.org CreativeWork profile","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"This may simply be a reflection of the fact that the Schema.org Dataset profile derives and inherits properties from the Schema.org CreativeWork profile, which has many general properties irrelevant to biological sciences.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0298/c60","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/c9aa1e1ec3bf454f","nativeRecordCid":"b3202742-f9b6-4c2c-bba9-7f9c666ddf8c","documentId":"osft-doc-0298","id":"c60","text":"The prevalence of values for a particular property illustrates how repositories prioritize certain properties over others.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"property value prevalence","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The prevalence of values for a particular property illustrates how these repositories prioritize certain properties over others.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0298/c61","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/877965418df34742","nativeRecordCid":"1b8df7e4-0be7-422a-8dfc-0b75704f62fd","documentId":"osft-doc-0298","id":"c61","text":"The sameAs property tracks either datasets cross-listed on other sites or reference web pages.","kind":"definitional","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"sameAs property","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"property, which tracks either datasets cross-listed on other sites or reference web pages, compared to Zenodo, or Harvard Dataverse.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0298/c62","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/0b357b73839f4cfc","nativeRecordCid":"419b4dbf-b1aa-4834-81e2-accd7177e4dd","documentId":"osft-doc-0298","id":"c62","text":"Even if a property is shared between two different repositories, they may implement the property differently.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"shared dataset properties","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Even if a property is shared between two different repositories, they may implement the property differently.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0298/c63","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/32a7efedf9ba4869","nativeRecordCid":"34e25f08-618e-44f1-bff4-1ce42a1fb67f","documentId":"osft-doc-0298","id":"c63","text":"Diversity in structure and semantic meaning across repositories complicates efforts to find datasets between sources.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"diversity in property structure and meaning","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"This diversity – both in structure and semantic meaning – complicates efforts to find datasets between sources.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0298/c64","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/cdbd4a822a934d2c","nativeRecordCid":"a6919940-a8b4-4642-ac71-1c9ccfc312b9","documentId":"osft-doc-0298","id":"c64","text":"The data sharing community, including Google Dataset Search, tends to prefer the \"creator\" field over \"author\" to express authorship of a dataset.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"creator vs author field preference","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"are two similar fields used to express authorship of a dataset; however, the community, including Google Dataset Search, tends to prefer","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0298/c65","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/f5fcf262f3d747b0","nativeRecordCid":"8ed5bd21-6b25-4f51-87a2-7342857e8def","documentId":"osft-doc-0298","id":"c65","text":"temporalCoverage and spatialCoverage properties are generally neglected in dataset metadata.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"temporalCoverage and spatialCoverage properties","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Two aspirational properties which generally have been neglected, but are important in the context of infectious disease research were also included:","representedInStars":false}
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{"key":"osft-doc-0298/c163","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/482f9f8613e941eb","nativeRecordCid":"65c70ba8-fd43-490d-9bb1-21564e19f5fb","documentId":"osft-doc-0298","id":"c163","text":"A common schema with core interoperable elements that can be extended to particular use cases increases the opportunities to promote cross-resource searching.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"a common schema with interoperable elements","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Our approach of creating a common schema with core interoperable elements that can be extended to particular use cases has also been replicated in other projects, increasing the opportunities to promote cross-resource searching.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0298/c164","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/c26b0a41ee254a95","nativeRecordCid":"85508121-6025-4f98-8068-c5ea5987f496","documentId":"osft-doc-0298","id":"c164","text":"Standardizing metadata properties is an important first step for improving data FAIRness.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"standardizing metadata properties","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Standardizing metadata properties is an important first step for improving data FAIRness, but does not solve all problems associated with making data findable, accessible, interoperable, and reusable.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-0298/c165","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/b25dd28a80844daf","nativeRecordCid":"881b2366-d8ad-4b41-a2cb-b132acf26fc4","documentId":"osft-doc-0298","id":"c165","text":"Standardizing metadata properties does not solve all problems associated with making data findable, accessible, interoperable, and reusable.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"standardizing metadata properties","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Standardizing metadata properties is an important first step for improving data FAIRness, but does not solve all problems associated with making data findable, accessible, interoperable, and reusable.","representedInStars":false}
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{"key":"osft-doc-0298/c167","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/cdc952d8d0194803","nativeRecordCid":"3118847b-2b7d-40a5-a7ad-39e9b391b95a","documentId":"osft-doc-0298","id":"c167","text":"Artificial intelligence and machine learning may provide avenues to address some of the challenges of organizing, managing, combining, and interpreting large datasets.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"artificial intelligence and machine learning","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"While artificial intelligence and machine learning may provide avenues to address some of these issues","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0298/c168","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/e27e708ac3754a81","nativeRecordCid":"2e2f413b-dc8e-4f9c-9657-2a229e901321","documentId":"osft-doc-0298","id":"c168","text":"Methods relying on artificial intelligence and machine learning rely on having sufficient and unbiased data to supply as inputs.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"AI and machine learning methods","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"those methods rely on having sufficient and unbiased data to supply as inputs, necessitating researchers to invest in collecting sufficient metadata and data.","representedInStars":true}
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{"key":"osft-doc-0298/c170","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/e6b6e604f5194419","nativeRecordCid":"93453829-5be5-4c73-b257-e08c0c1e099e","documentId":"osft-doc-0298","id":"c170","text":"A user-friendly minimalistic dataset registration and the enforced standardization of metadata using a schema containing a common core of elements will promote data dissemination.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"dataset registration and metadata standardization","epistemicStatus":"hypothesis","anchor":"We hypothesize that these two factors – a user friendly minimalistic dataset registration and the enforced standardization of the metadata using a schema containing a common core of elements – will promote data dissemination, improved findability of datasets (eventually leading to increased dataset citations), and acceleration of research.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0298/c171","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/d29d3f39afc54a6e","nativeRecordCid":"73a3bdc0-f88f-4c5d-847e-95cdbf67bdf3","documentId":"osft-doc-0298","id":"c171","text":"A user-friendly minimalistic dataset registration and the enforced standardization of metadata using a schema containing a common core of elements will promote improved findability of datasets, eventually leading to increased dataset citations.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"dataset registration and metadata standardization","epistemicStatus":"hypothesis","anchor":"We hypothesize that these two factors – a user friendly minimalistic dataset registration and the enforced standardization of the metadata using a schema containing a common core of elements – will promote data dissemination, improved findability of datasets (eventually leading to increased dataset citations), and acceleration of research.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0298/c172","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/f140db98932d4168","nativeRecordCid":"c9c891a5-9b3f-4340-b025-813b5465fe42","documentId":"osft-doc-0298","id":"c172","text":"A user-friendly minimalistic dataset registration and the enforced standardization of metadata using a schema containing a common core of elements will promote acceleration of research.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"dataset registration and metadata standardization","epistemicStatus":"hypothesis","anchor":"We hypothesize that these two factors – a user friendly minimalistic dataset registration and the enforced standardization of the metadata using a schema containing a common core of elements – will promote data dissemination, improved findability of datasets (eventually leading to increased dataset citations), and acceleration of research.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0298/c173","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/01c7bd5d3ec64bb5","nativeRecordCid":"7e790133-3213-4d29-bab6-ab470d4eb186","documentId":"osft-doc-0298","id":"c173","text":"The process by which user-friendly dataset registration and metadata standardization promote data dissemination, findability, and research acceleration is self-reinforcing.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"the data-sharing improvement process","epistemicStatus":"hypothesis","anchor":"We further hypothesize that this process is self-reinforcing: as data sharing and reuse becomes easier, the incentives to provide better quality metadata and data will increase, driven by use cases and reuse of data (quantified through citations).","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0298/c174","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/2f49fa1619c74285","nativeRecordCid":"b5608c91-0f1a-442f-bdc3-649672c4f76c","documentId":"osft-doc-0298","id":"c174","text":"As data sharing and reuse becomes easier, the incentives to provide better quality metadata and data increase.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"incentives for quality metadata and data","epistemicStatus":"hypothesis","anchor":"We further hypothesize that this process is self-reinforcing: as data sharing and reuse becomes easier, the incentives to provide better quality metadata and data will increase, driven by use cases and reuse of data (quantified through citations).","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0298/c175","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/6bfe97e4551e4011","nativeRecordCid":"697fc73a-047d-4889-908e-719c0daee446","documentId":"osft-doc-0298","id":"c175","text":"Metadata registration of datasets scattered across repositories is analogous to Open Access research articles.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"metadata registration of scattered datasets","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"In this manner, metadata registration of datasets scattered across repositories is analogous to Open Access research articles, which have been shown to be more immediately recognized and cited by peers than non-Open Access articles, even if that journal is widely available","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0298/c176","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/794ba348a7b44721","nativeRecordCid":"54b15ba8-0318-4f80-8a93-f0a4f012516c","documentId":"osft-doc-0298","id":"c176","text":"Open Access research articles are more immediately recognized and cited by peers than non-Open Access articles, even when the journal is widely available.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"Open Access research articles","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"In this manner, metadata registration of datasets scattered across repositories is analogous to Open Access research articles, which have been shown to be more immediately recognized and cited by peers than non-Open Access articles, even if that journal is widely available","representedInStars":true}
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{"key":"osft-doc-0411/c51","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/956e9e8b5f8445d1","nativeRecordCid":"b277bdfb-57ed-46f5-afb4-c36de3b7e8db","documentId":"osft-doc-0411","id":"c51","text":"Open research outputs are typically openly licensed in order to maximize re-use while allowing the creator to retain ownership and receive credit for their work.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"open research outputs licensing","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Typically, open research outputs are openly licensed in order to maximize re-use while allowing the creator to retain ownership and receive credit for their work.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-0411/c52","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/edf538c4484c4ab4","nativeRecordCid":"1a9a52d4-f752-4b95-a39c-f1dd5166ee5b","documentId":"osft-doc-0411","id":"c52","text":"Open Science refers to doing traditional science with more transparency involved at various stages.","kind":"definitional","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"Open Science","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Open Science refers to doing traditional science with more transparency involved at various stages, for example by openly sharing code and data.","representedInStars":true}
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{"key":"osft-doc-0411/c55","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/55c37968d0944557","nativeRecordCid":"c5c40f97-88f8-41aa-9c93-9bd1340b498f","documentId":"osft-doc-0411","id":"c55","text":"Open Science is sometimes more broadly referred to as 'Open Research' or 'Open Scholarship' to be more inclusive of other disciplines, principles and practices.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"Open Science naming","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Indeed, the case is that sometimes Open Science is more broadly referred to as ‘Open Research’ or ‘Open Scholarship’ to be more inclusive of other disciplines, principles and practices.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0411/c56","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/4a30f31c497b472f","nativeRecordCid":"423b6824-603a-48f3-b8a5-8f29d8fa21c7","documentId":"osft-doc-0411","id":"c56","text":"Open Science is a commonly used term at multiple levels.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"term Open Science","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"However, Open Science is a commonly used term at multiple levels and so it makes sense to adopt it for communication purposes, with the proviso that it includes all research disciplines.","representedInStars":false}
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{"key":"osft-doc-0441/c20","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/939e99de9a8e43f0","nativeRecordCid":"a8855f32-ac0e-4388-9647-c2333e1d7d24","documentId":"osft-doc-0441","id":"c20","text":"Optimal conditions for reasoned dissent occur when researchers, or any interested party, have unrestricted access to study protocols, data and analyses.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"optimal conditions for dissent","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Such optimal conditions occur when researchers—or any interested party—have unrestricted access to study protocols, data and analyses, as well as transparent information about the normative values, assumptions, and non-epistemic goals underlying a scholarly pursuit.","representedInStars":true}
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{"key":"osft-doc-0441/c24","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/c7f9c9d1fbc9411f","nativeRecordCid":"05b9d906-8d67-4edb-821c-069a5d75e5af","documentId":"osft-doc-0441","id":"c24","text":"Openness helps researchers test competing hypotheses about the underlying processes of findings.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"openness","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"It also helps them to advance academic research by considering the boundary conditions under which findings hold and to test competing hypotheses about their underlying processes.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-0441/c25","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/3bdfee21775641f5","nativeRecordCid":"9e60e189-c926-4302-88d1-6171810f16f0","documentId":"osft-doc-0441","id":"c25","text":"Open sharing of resources, data, and the products of research enhances accessibility for the scholarly community and the wider public.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"open sharing of research products","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Furthermore, open sharing of resources, data, and the products of research enhances both accessibility and inclusivity for the scholarly community and the wider public.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-0441/c26","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/3de7b2b309374a15","nativeRecordCid":"67af725d-9bf4-46eb-a261-e2e5588de46f","documentId":"osft-doc-0441","id":"c26","text":"Open sharing of resources, data, and the products of research enhances inclusivity for the scholarly community and the wider public.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"open sharing of research products","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Furthermore, open sharing of resources, data, and the products of research enhances both accessibility and inclusivity for the scholarly community and the wider public.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-0441/c27","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/d3130d3b32d949a8","nativeRecordCid":"59a30a7c-d3c6-4bbe-aed7-f8942b46b8df","documentId":"osft-doc-0441","id":"c27","text":"Openness is a means to optimizing conditions for dissent.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"openness","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Thus, openness is not only a means to an end—i.e., optimizing conditions for dissent—but a social justice imperative.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-0441/c28","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/d2e81631b8904b0a","nativeRecordCid":"9d9248f0-893c-4bcb-b1a5-6669f24b5636","documentId":"osft-doc-0441","id":"c28","text":"Openness is a social justice imperative.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"openness","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Thus, openness is not only a means to an end—i.e., optimizing conditions for dissent—but a social justice imperative.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-0441/c29","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/f52b1685745747b0","nativeRecordCid":"c87aa3ce-e667-4115-8cc3-40896d3ba909","documentId":"osft-doc-0441","id":"c29","text":"Open Science increases the rigor of scientific claims.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"Open Science","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"These foundational features of science and the humanities (Macfarlane & Cheng, 2008; McNutt, 2014; Miguel et al., 2014), captured by the umbrella term “Open Science” or “Open Scholarship,” increase the rigor of and trust in scientific claims.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-0441/c30","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/4e6a3462b8574d4a","nativeRecordCid":"3c9b3926-0372-4c0d-aa59-2ecee825cbc1","documentId":"osft-doc-0441","id":"c30","text":"Open Science increases trust in scientific claims.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"Open Science","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"These foundational features of science and the humanities (Macfarlane & Cheng, 2008; McNutt, 2014; Miguel et al., 2014), captured by the umbrella term “Open Science” or “Open Scholarship,” increase the rigor of and trust in scientific claims.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-0441/c31","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/8cf131dde7dc4070","nativeRecordCid":"329ff0c6-8525-4fb8-893f-4a748826342f","documentId":"osft-doc-0441","id":"c31","text":"Open science has direct implications for the credibility of science.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"Open Science","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"This has direct implications for the credibility and public value of science (Crüwell et al., 2019; Masuzzo & Martens, 2017; Spellman et al., 2017), even to the point where it can save lives, for example, by promoting awareness among citizens or building trust and support in public policies during a pandemic (see Besançon et al., 2021).","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-0441/c32","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/d84b77056c3e466b","nativeRecordCid":"88246fac-db9d-4ca4-b5dd-1f0138089fde","documentId":"osft-doc-0441","id":"c32","text":"Open science has direct implications for the public value of science.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"Open Science","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"This has direct implications for the credibility and public value of science (Crüwell et al., 2019; Masuzzo & Martens, 2017; Spellman et al., 2017), even to the point where it can save lives, for example, by promoting awareness among citizens or building trust and support in public policies during a pandemic (see Besançon et al., 2021).","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-0441/c33","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/362f6f4a7ae04cb6","nativeRecordCid":"07d93aed-00fd-4979-8046-3801338f9b57","documentId":"osft-doc-0441","id":"c33","text":"Open science can save lives, for example by promoting awareness among citizens or building trust and support in public policies during a pandemic.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"Open Science","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"This has direct implications for the credibility and public value of science (Crüwell et al., 2019; Masuzzo & Martens, 2017; Spellman et al., 2017), even to the point where it can save lives, for example, by promoting awareness among citizens or building trust and support in public policies during a pandemic (see Besançon et al., 2021).","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-0441/c34","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/88a65b98729c47d3","nativeRecordCid":"44287a22-d9dc-4ab1-b1e2-dd1c24fc970c","documentId":"osft-doc-0441","id":"c34","text":"Research transparency has attracted renewed attention in the last decade.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"research transparency","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Research transparency has attracted renewed attention in the last decade sparked by the publication of implausible findings (Bem, 2011), admissions of questionable research practices (John et al., 2012), and prominent failures to replicate scientific results (Open Science Collaboration, 2015).","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-0441/c35","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/4049c0ef43b14950","nativeRecordCid":"f20f2f49-3e4f-4bc7-a294-68ffa202f444","documentId":"osft-doc-0441","id":"c35","text":"There is growing awareness of the misalignment of incentives in the current system of academic publishing.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"academic publishing incentives","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Added to this is a growing awareness of the misalignment of incentives in the current system of academic publishing (Higginson & Munafo, 2016), which focus largely on research quantity and novelty rather than quality (Frith, 2020), as well as on the considerable prevalence and adverse consequences of questionable research practices (John et al., 2012).","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-0441/c36","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/096b2dde35844511","nativeRecordCid":"8083884c-cf18-4ab3-a8da-9ae7c23870a9","documentId":"osft-doc-0441","id":"c36","text":"The current system of academic publishing focuses largely on research quantity and novelty rather than quality.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"academic publishing incentives","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Added to this is a growing awareness of the misalignment of incentives in the current system of academic publishing (Higginson & Munafo, 2016), which focus largely on research quantity and novelty rather than quality (Frith, 2020), as well as on the considerable prevalence and adverse consequences of questionable research practices (John et al., 2012).","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-0441/c37","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/1a40dbb9a5264b57","nativeRecordCid":"80390b13-16e8-4378-9e4e-953876411a87","documentId":"osft-doc-0441","id":"c37","text":"Questionable research practices are considerably prevalent.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"questionable research practices","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Added to this is a growing awareness of the misalignment of incentives in the current system of academic publishing (Higginson & Munafo, 2016), which focus largely on research quantity and novelty rather than quality (Frith, 2020), as well as on the considerable prevalence and adverse consequences of questionable research practices (John et al., 2012).","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-0441/c38","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/1df5af9cda0b47d6","nativeRecordCid":"2f1aa628-4a55-45e3-bc7c-6cc03819041f","documentId":"osft-doc-0441","id":"c38","text":"Questionable research practices have adverse consequences.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"questionable research practices","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Added to this is a growing awareness of the misalignment of incentives in the current system of academic publishing (Higginson & Munafo, 2016), which focus largely on research quantity and novelty rather than quality (Frith, 2020), as well as on the considerable prevalence and adverse consequences of questionable research practices (John et al., 2012).","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-0441/c39","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/51025692a01e439d","nativeRecordCid":"c26ea1b1-2799-49b5-b6ba-911def80a749","documentId":"osft-doc-0441","id":"c39","text":"The credibility crisis began in psychology.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"credibility crisis","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Although this credibility crisis began in psychology, other fields have discovered similar and worryingly low rates of reproducibility (e.g., Baker, 2016; Eubank, 2016;  Maassen et al., 2020) and replicability (e.g., Camerer et al., 2016, 2018; Damian et al., 2019).","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0441/c40","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/275bd6b20cf04811","nativeRecordCid":"a6a1ffe4-89bc-496e-b5ee-4c614fc5bde5","documentId":"osft-doc-0441","id":"c40","text":"Other fields have discovered similarly worryingly low rates of reproducibility.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"reproducibility across fields","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Although this credibility crisis began in psychology, other fields have discovered similar and worryingly low rates of reproducibility (e.g., Baker, 2016; Eubank, 2016;  Maassen et al., 2020) and replicability (e.g., Camerer et al., 2016, 2018; Damian et al., 2019).","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-0441/c41","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/9e3ba6ca645849b2","nativeRecordCid":"a30d4701-70b2-4fd7-9576-74387c0695d1","documentId":"osft-doc-0441","id":"c41","text":"Other fields have discovered similarly worryingly low rates of replicability.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"replicability across fields","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Although this credibility crisis began in psychology, other fields have discovered similar and worryingly low rates of reproducibility (e.g., Baker, 2016; Eubank, 2016;  Maassen et al., 2020) and replicability (e.g., Camerer et al., 2016, 2018; Damian et al., 2019).","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-0441/c42","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/6c16208a06d94743","nativeRecordCid":"45176cef-c9c4-4afa-9449-1380c8bb2199","documentId":"osft-doc-0441","id":"c42","text":"Discussions about a crisis have turned into a movement with many transparency-themed initiatives being formed in recent years.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"transparency movement","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"In recent years, discussions about a ‘crisis’ have turned into a movement (Munafò et al., 2017; Vazire, 2018) with many transparency-themed initiatives being formed.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-0441/c43","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/db2da08ec39c46ba","nativeRecordCid":"26f4ddff-ec4f-4015-819d-894c11f16f6e","documentId":"osft-doc-0441","id":"c43","text":"Introductions, manifestos, and guidelines for conducting open and reproducible research have been published in many fields and disciplines.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"open research guidelines","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Introductions, manifestos, and guidelines for conducting open and reproducible research have been published in many fields and disciplines, including the humanities (e.g., Köchelmann, 2019; Marwick et al., 2017), the formal and computational sciences (e.g., Hutson, 2018; Stodden et al., 2016), the natural sciences (e.g., Bush et al., 2020; Junk & Lyons, 2020; Levin & Leonelli, 2017; Markowetz, 2015; Nüst & Pebesma, 2020; O’Dea et al., 2021), the professions and applied sciences (e.g., Cook et al., 2018, 2019; van der Zee & Reich, 2018), and the social sciences (e.g., Breznau, 2021; Christensen et al., 2019; Dienlin et al., 2021; Elman et al., 2018; Kathawalla et al., 2021; Klein et al., 2018; Miguel et al., 2014).","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-0441/c44","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/8622d34b766e4cbb","nativeRecordCid":"2c782f2c-6bd8-4405-ae83-02c64f5d9c08","documentId":"osft-doc-0441","id":"c44","text":"Large strides have been made in some open scholarship practices.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"open scholarship practices","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Despite large strides in some open scholarship practices, few initiatives have targeted changes in teaching or educational norms.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-0441/c45","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/37120b95ed874d7d","nativeRecordCid":"40995206-8b3e-4183-a7ca-4108a997c08c","documentId":"osft-doc-0441","id":"c45","text":"Few initiatives have targeted changes in teaching or educational norms.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"open scholarship initiatives","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Despite large strides in some open scholarship practices, few initiatives have targeted changes in teaching or educational norms.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0441/c46","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/5c98bcd179bc4dd0","nativeRecordCid":"548e8e9e-2214-4de0-abde-73ee8a1fac5f","documentId":"osft-doc-0441","id":"c46","text":"Many of the potential benefits of teaching and training in open scholarship remain undiscovered.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"teaching open scholarship benefits","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"As a result, many of the potential benefits of teaching and training in open scholarship remain undiscovered.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-0441/c47","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/3dd4721a17664b54","nativeRecordCid":"403c57d8-2502-4532-8380-2566f866e328","documentId":"osft-doc-0441","id":"c47","text":"Where institutions have attempted to include open scholarship into their educational offerings, they have often done so through the lens of research integrity, addressing this primarily within their research community rather than for their students.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"institutional inclusion of open scholarship","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Currently, where institutions have attempted to include open scholarship into their educational offerings, they have often done so through the lens of “research integrity”—and thus addressed this primarily within their research community rather than for their students.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-0441/c48","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/10b64a68c7f64d9a","nativeRecordCid":"85ffdad3-8575-4b98-91f6-1e818291cd62","documentId":"osft-doc-0441","id":"c48","text":"Additional emphasis on teaching and mentoring of reproducible and open research practices helps ensure that students are experienced and trained to engage in and evaluate these practices, not simply exposed to best practices, when they complete their studies.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"teaching and mentoring emphasis","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Yet, additional emphasis on teaching and mentoring of reproducible and open research practices will help ensure that students are not simply exposed to best practices but are experienced and trained to engage in and evaluate these practices when they complete their studies.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-0441/c49","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/f8180059717d4fd4","nativeRecordCid":"33ac48a9-312a-461e-af95-24aa5da7a2c1","documentId":"osft-doc-0441","id":"c49","text":"There is widespread awareness of, and call for, improved practices thought to usher in the credibility revolution, in which scholars collectively aim to achieve higher standards of evidence, transparency, and openness in the process of science making.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"credibility revolution","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Taken together, these steps reflect a widespread awareness of, and call for, improved practices thought to usher in the “credibility revolution” (Vazire, 2018), in which scholars collectively aim to achieve higher standards of evidence, transparency, and openness in the process of science making (e.g., Nosek et al., 2018; Nosek & Lakens, 2014; Zwaan et al., 2018; Wagenmakers et al., 2012).","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0441/c50","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/abfeff1103264ec8","nativeRecordCid":"cbc2f33f-84e1-49c2-9800-d424f4b46da8","documentId":"osft-doc-0441","id":"c50","text":"Students, as the future practitioners and consumers of science, should be engaged with open scholarship through teaching and mentoring.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"","subject":"engaging students with open scholarship","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"We suggest a fourth guiding principle to steer scholarship towards “scientific utopia”: the principle of engaging students—the future practitioners and consumers of science—with open scholarship through teaching and mentoring.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-0441/c51","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/a08d049b1ab6405d","nativeRecordCid":"bab90d83-0149-411b-893b-cdcfb8a27f8b","documentId":"osft-doc-0441","id":"c51","text":"FORRT's main goal is to build, together with educators, a pathway to the stepwise adoption of principled, open teaching and mentoring practices.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"FORRT","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Established in 2018, FORRT’s main goal is to build, together with educators, a pathway to the stepwise adoption of principled, open teaching and mentoring practices.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-0441/c52","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/ddcb6b78455e48c5","nativeRecordCid":"de6d8630-4d0f-4048-878f-22ff2b4dd648","documentId":"osft-doc-0441","id":"c52","text":"FORRT aims to generate and sustain a conversation about the ethics and social impact of a higher-education pedagogy that emphasizes themes of scholarly openness, epistemic uncertainty, and research credibility.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"FORRT","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"It also aims to generate and sustain a conversation about the ethics and social impact of a higher-education pedagogy that emphasizes themes of scholarly openness, epistemic uncertainty, and research credibility.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-0441/c53","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/0585877a9edb46ff","nativeRecordCid":"ad519426-63b6-42ec-9c40-220b3e56df08","documentId":"osft-doc-0441","id":"c53","text":"FORRT responds to calls for a wider interpretation of open scholarship as inclusive scholarship.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"FORRT","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Finally, FORRT responds to calls for a wider interpretation of open scholarship as inclusive scholarship (e.g., Albornoz & Chan, 2018; Bahlai et al., 2019; Rinke & Wuttke, 2021), proposing a reflection regarding the perceived relative importance of different academic activities and advocating for greater institutional recognition of teaching and mentoring resources.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-0441/c54","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/68505c4d498347d8","nativeRecordCid":"ab813095-3aba-46ba-bcff-a559fc25624a","documentId":"osft-doc-0441","id":"c54","text":"Teaching and mentoring resources should receive greater institutional recognition.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"","subject":"teaching and mentoring resources","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Finally, FORRT responds to calls for a wider interpretation of open scholarship as inclusive scholarship (e.g., Albornoz & Chan, 2018; Bahlai et al., 2019; Rinke & Wuttke, 2021), proposing a reflection regarding the perceived relative importance of different academic activities and advocating for greater institutional recognition of teaching and mentoring resources.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0441/c55","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/9ca9c9ccd8ba4d10","nativeRecordCid":"be581354-ec72-4f84-99c5-b8608a1a875e","documentId":"osft-doc-0441","id":"c55","text":"Encouraging the progressive opening of teaching and mentoring resources facilitates access, discovery, and learning.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"opening teaching resources","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Encouraging the progressive opening of teaching and mentoring resources facilitates access, discovery, and learning.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-0441/c56","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/d05d52fa9c964c9e","nativeRecordCid":"14d6dff8-8e18-4519-916a-6d2b94866941","documentId":"osft-doc-0441","id":"c56","text":"Teachers and their students commonly experience barriers when incorporating open scholarship in teaching and learning.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"barriers to open scholarship","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"This seeks to benefit teachers, and their students, who otherwise commonly experience barriers when incorporating open scholarship in teaching and learning.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-0441/c57","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/231073e216314b3b","nativeRecordCid":"725cf4f1-f3e0-48fc-a716-68d3d2b83a1d","documentId":"osft-doc-0441","id":"c57","text":"In higher education, the role of educating students and kindling their passion for knowledge typically falls on academic faculty or staff.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"faculty role in education","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"In higher education, the role of edifying students’ education and future—as well as kindling their passion for knowledge—typically falls on academic faculty or staff, whose job description predominantly consists of teaching and research (along with administrative tasks and service).","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-0441/c58","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/fef24c86f83943a0","nativeRecordCid":"fc828b00-5d9b-49c4-a342-eb68111aaa46","documentId":"osft-doc-0441","id":"c58","text":"Academic faculty's job description predominantly consists of teaching and research.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"faculty job description","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"In higher education, the role of edifying students’ education and future—as well as kindling their passion for knowledge—typically falls on academic faculty or staff, whose job description predominantly consists of teaching and research (along with administrative tasks and service).","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0441/c59","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/5a2009d8e9e448ab","nativeRecordCid":"811d45a0-18d7-45d3-a3b6-54f8496a7e3c","documentId":"osft-doc-0441","id":"c59","text":"The view that scholars are better equipped to impart knowledge to students that they have gained through their research is a key part of the academic ethos.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"academic ethos","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The view that scholars are better equipped to impart knowledge to students that they have gained through their research is a key part of the academic ethos.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-0441/c60","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/577c228bc9c54b81","nativeRecordCid":"7e2de26f-cfc4-439a-845a-520809c4b2fd","documentId":"osft-doc-0441","id":"c60","text":"Researchers on the cutting edge of their discipline have the expertise to provide students with a sense of authenticity and excitement through active involvement and contributions to the field's advancements.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"educator-researchers","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The rationale behind ‘educator-researchers' and research-informed teaching is that those on the cutting edge of their discipline have the expertise to provide students with a sense of authenticity and excitement through active involvement and contributions to the field's advancements.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-0441/c61","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/6fa3610afaf94ba1","nativeRecordCid":"cad57801-542e-4cec-bb69-b310cc80e055","documentId":"osft-doc-0441","id":"c61","text":"Educator-researchers are more effective at instilling an actively critical approach to understanding complex research findings than a passive acceptance of facts.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"educator-researchers","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Moreover, educators-researchers “are more effective at instilling an actively critical approach to understanding complex research findings rather [than] a passive acceptance of facts” (Marsh & Hattie, 2002, p. 604).","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-0441/c62","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/6ef35ae752bc4580","nativeRecordCid":"0e814cd1-26a2-4a46-90cc-8c205d2bf907","documentId":"osft-doc-0441","id":"c62","text":"Academics must know a given set of scientific facts to be inspiring educators.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"academics","subject":"academics as inspiring educators","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"For academics to be inspiring educators they must not only know a given set of scientific facts but also be familiar with the procedures by which scholarly knowledge is generated.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-0441/c63","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/2babbf2a5c18477f","nativeRecordCid":"dcd6e981-2483-436d-9d4c-c35885ba85f6","documentId":"osft-doc-0441","id":"c63","text":"Academics must be familiar with the procedures by which scholarly knowledge is generated to be inspiring educators.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"academics","subject":"academics as inspiring educators","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"For academics to be inspiring educators they must not only know a given set of scientific facts but also be familiar with the procedures by which scholarly knowledge is generated.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-0441/c64","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/fe23b289b3cb479c","nativeRecordCid":"c95d577a-965d-4d01-b1cc-ea3ebffd3880","documentId":"osft-doc-0441","id":"c64","text":"Teaching about scientific facts alone is not sufficient for science education.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"science education","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"It is not sufficient to teach about scientific facts or what scientists “know”—science education requires teaching about how scientists learn what they know.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0441/c65","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/dc4be2667403440d","nativeRecordCid":"5ec364dc-f6ab-426e-8f73-4f787f717605","documentId":"osft-doc-0441","id":"c65","text":"Science education must include teaching about how scientists learn what they know.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"","subject":"science education","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"It is not sufficient to teach about scientific facts or what scientists “know”—science education requires teaching about how scientists learn what they know.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0441/c66","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/33d049cee8284575","nativeRecordCid":"940850b0-2af1-4dd9-b6ee-d2fbce274f7a","documentId":"osft-doc-0441","id":"c66","text":"A collection of scientific evidence, or its unreflective and decontextualized communication, does not yield scientific literacy.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"scientific literacy","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"This is because a collection of scientific evidence (or the unreflective and decontextualized communication thereof) does not yield scientific literacy (Sharon & Baram-Tsabari, 2020).","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-0441/c67","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/29eea5403c43431f","nativeRecordCid":"3f5ef0d3-db4a-4c50-9f12-f42e42e5b004","documentId":"osft-doc-0441","id":"c67","text":"Scholars and students would benefit from integrating open scholarship into their teaching and mentoring practices.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"integrating open scholarship into teaching","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Thus, we argue that scholars and students would benefit from integrating open scholarship into their teaching and mentoring practices.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-0441/c68","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/8868d058d71b4bf3","nativeRecordCid":"49ea0959-cfa1-48a4-9f04-74afd9a3727a","documentId":"osft-doc-0441","id":"c68","text":"Educational programs should be built around the development of abilities that give rise to responsible conduct.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"educational programs","subject":"educational program design","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The National Research Council (2002, p .85) of the United States argued that “[t]he educational program should be built around the development of abilities that give rise to responsible conduct, [. . .] education in the responsible conduct of research should be provided within the context of the overall education program, [. . . and] the instruction should be provided as much as possible by faculty who are actively engaged in research related to that of the trainees.” We support these recommendations, and further argue that training in open and reproducible research practices would yield similar benefits.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-0441/c69","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/5a49dddb2d644430","nativeRecordCid":"702d2dbb-83ce-4d92-8cd7-8002cdaf23b7","documentId":"osft-doc-0441","id":"c69","text":"Education in the responsible conduct of research should be provided within the context of the overall education program.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"educational programs","subject":"responsible conduct education","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The National Research Council (2002, p .85) of the United States argued that “[t]he educational program should be built around the development of abilities that give rise to responsible conduct, [. . .] education in the responsible conduct of research should be provided within the context of the overall education program, [. . . and] the instruction should be provided as much as possible by faculty who are actively engaged in research related to that of the trainees.” We support these recommendations, and further argue that training in open and reproducible research practices would yield similar benefits.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-0441/c70","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/da6132fb99fe4b07","nativeRecordCid":"82656882-68be-4d87-b187-42475359d050","documentId":"osft-doc-0441","id":"c70","text":"Instruction should be provided as much as possible by faculty who are actively engaged in research related to that of the trainees.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"educational programs","subject":"instruction provision by faculty","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The National Research Council (2002, p .85) of the United States argued that “[t]he educational program should be built around the development of abilities that give rise to responsible conduct, [. . .] education in the responsible conduct of research should be provided within the context of the overall education program, [. . . and] the instruction should be provided as much as possible by faculty who are actively engaged in research related to that of the trainees.” We support these recommendations, and further argue that training in open and reproducible research practices would yield similar benefits.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0441/c71","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/f0ec9f9f78b64da8","nativeRecordCid":"060bcc2b-2965-4045-81b2-315195d9e372","documentId":"osft-doc-0441","id":"c71","text":"Training in open and reproducible research practices yields similar benefits to education in the responsible conduct of research.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"training in open research practices","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The National Research Council (2002, p .85) of the United States argued that “[t]he educational program should be built around the development of abilities that give rise to responsible conduct, [. . .] education in the responsible conduct of research should be provided within the context of the overall education program, [. . . and] the instruction should be provided as much as possible by faculty who are actively engaged in research related to that of the trainees.” We support these recommendations, and further argue that training in open and reproducible research practices would yield similar benefits.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-0441/c72","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/7eae005d076f497f","nativeRecordCid":"93b211c2-6c9c-41c5-a87f-8df6ec861ac4","documentId":"osft-doc-0441","id":"c72","text":"Scholarship is a system of methods of inquiry and knowledge production.","kind":"definitional","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"scholarship","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Scholarship, at its core, is a system of methods of inquiry and knowledge production.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-0441/c73","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/167801870d5a4020","nativeRecordCid":"0600e722-e96f-48f8-9459-8eca5b2d51bc","documentId":"osft-doc-0441","id":"c73","text":"A common thread that unites the different fields of the scientific enterprise is transparent, accessible and cumulative research practices, including reproducible and replicable science for empirical fields.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"scientific enterprise practices","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"While these vary widely from one field to another—contingent on studied phenomena (i.e., formal, natural, social and applied sciences) and on the use of various methods (i.e., qualitative and/or quantitative)—a common thread that unites the different fields of the scientific enterprise are transparent, accessible and cumulative research practices (with the inclusion of reproducible and replicable science for empirical fields).","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-0441/c74","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/8651430eaa33424f","nativeRecordCid":"14e0970f-fdb6-4f94-a58e-2d11cc6c6fff","documentId":"osft-doc-0441","id":"c74","text":"Many of the changes encouraged to foster adoption of open scholarship in the last decade have been grassroots campaigns sparked and sustained by individual early adopters, rather than top-down initiatives at the institutional level.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"open scholarship adoption changes","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Many of the changes encouraged to foster adoption of open scholarship in the last decade have been grassroots campaigns sparked and sustained by individual early adopters, rather than top-down initiatives at the institutional level.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-0441/c75","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/bc75e210dcdb467b","nativeRecordCid":"e703922c-b8dd-4e3e-b69d-987cdf26c492","documentId":"osft-doc-0441","id":"c75","text":"The adoption of open scholarship practices remains unevenly distributed across rank, field, institution, and country.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"open scholarship adoption","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"As a result, the adoption of open scholarship practices remains unevenly distributed across rank, field, institution, and country, with these asymmetries reinforced by privilege (Nosek, 2019).","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0441/c76","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/4e21c9659d4c49b7","nativeRecordCid":"aaf6dd76-be87-4bd0-be74-3eec03dd8234","documentId":"osft-doc-0441","id":"c76","text":"The asymmetries in adoption of open scholarship practices are reinforced by privilege.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"open scholarship adoption","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"As a result, the adoption of open scholarship practices remains unevenly distributed across rank, field, institution, and country, with these asymmetries reinforced by privilege (Nosek, 2019).","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-0441/c77","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/b614d1fb7b4b4645","nativeRecordCid":"eef0888c-d293-4114-b993-a21b4d69590f","documentId":"osft-doc-0441","id":"c77","text":"Some researchers have embraced open scholarship practices in their own labs.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"researchers embracing open scholarship","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"This means that, although some researchers have embraced open scholarship practices in their own labs, there appears to be much less systematic incorporation of open scholarship practices in the education pipeline.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0441/c78","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/02a3ab3c6406438f","nativeRecordCid":"e16ef885-8f12-41b6-b475-bd73e26c5bf6","documentId":"osft-doc-0441","id":"c78","text":"There is much less systematic incorporation of open scholarship practices in the education pipeline.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"open scholarship in education pipeline","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"This means that, although some researchers have embraced open scholarship practices in their own labs, there appears to be much less systematic incorporation of open scholarship practices in the education pipeline.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-0441/c79","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/0447d4c981da43a7","nativeRecordCid":"5ecb4186-1b09-4293-b691-1678e9b6fe94","documentId":"osft-doc-0441","id":"c79","text":"It is still common that students finish their studies without learning about open scholarship during their studies.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"students learning open scholarship","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"As a consequence, it is still common that students finish their studies without learning about open scholarship during their studies (Chopik et al., 2018).","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-0441/c80","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/4c40ea7bfc994105","nativeRecordCid":"c7d52e45-e759-42a4-b6b9-bf56e84d0dcb","documentId":"osft-doc-0441","id":"c80","text":"Most social science programs mandate specific training in statistics and ethics.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"social science program requirements","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Indeed, although most social science programs mandate specific training in statistics and ethics, it is difficult to find evidence of programs requiring any training in open scholarship.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0441/c81","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/3cb792617e4f479d","nativeRecordCid":"a9a5e8b5-acf0-4fbf-999f-1186096aaa5a","documentId":"osft-doc-0441","id":"c81","text":"It is difficult to find evidence of social science programs requiring any training in open scholarship.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"social science program requirements","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Indeed, although most social science programs mandate specific training in statistics and ethics, it is difficult to find evidence of programs requiring any training in open scholarship.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-0441/c82","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/cca62eab4f3c40e7","nativeRecordCid":"e4aa563c-f8b4-4c0c-8564-74e634352691","documentId":"osft-doc-0441","id":"c82","text":"Open scholarship enhances research quality.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"open scholarship","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"First, open scholarship enhances research quality and integrity.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-0441/c83","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/19f4559f9f99402f","nativeRecordCid":"3632e814-07ac-458e-87b1-9fee85ecce7a","documentId":"osft-doc-0441","id":"c83","text":"Open scholarship enhances research integrity.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"open scholarship","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"First, open scholarship enhances research quality and integrity.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-0441/c84","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/9af9235e451c4b76","nativeRecordCid":"fa38e2e5-1f90-4b19-8fc5-add756f71339","documentId":"osft-doc-0441","id":"c84","text":"Training students to engage in open practices helps increase adoption rates and ensure open scholarship practices are widely adopted in the future.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"training students in open practices","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Training students to engage in open practices will help increase adoption rates and ensure they are widely adopted in the future.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-0441/c85","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/68d6a9b1e7e7407e","nativeRecordCid":"1457c2b1-bc35-4476-8d4b-706a71cbe622","documentId":"osft-doc-0441","id":"c85","text":"Trainees benefit from experiencing and/or receiving instruction in the importance of open scholarship practices.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"trainee instruction","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"However, critically for our purposes, for trainees to use open scholarship practices in their own work, it would be helpful to experience and/or receive instruction not only in the importance of these practices, but also in how these practices are conducted.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0441/c86","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/0417d988cc004849","nativeRecordCid":"cdcb5c27-9a0f-427f-ac81-60d5a0489b77","documentId":"osft-doc-0441","id":"c86","text":"Trainees benefit from experiencing and/or receiving instruction in how open scholarship practices are conducted.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"trainee instruction","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"However, critically for our purposes, for trainees to use open scholarship practices in their own work, it would be helpful to experience and/or receive instruction not only in the importance of these practices, but also in how these practices are conducted.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-0441/c87","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/0fd14c7066e240e6","nativeRecordCid":"777848e1-2039-4e7f-ae4f-c11f2570925c","documentId":"osft-doc-0441","id":"c87","text":"The incentive structure of academia influences research, often to the detriment of research quality.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"academic incentive structure","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Given how the incentive structure of academia influences research, (i.e., researchers’ degrees of freedom, questionable research practices) often to the detriment of research quality (i.e., inflated rate of false positive results, asymmetric distribution of p-values in publications, reproducibility crisis), early career researchers untrained in open scholarship practices may be unaware, unsupported and subsequently less likely to implement them independently.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-0441/c88","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/fc5dc1db62f346f5","nativeRecordCid":"15349548-c774-4e4a-bf1b-208dcca9efc0","documentId":"osft-doc-0441","id":"c88","text":"Early career researchers untrained in open scholarship practices may be unaware, unsupported, and less likely to implement open scholarship practices independently.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"untrained early career researchers","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Given how the incentive structure of academia influences research, (i.e., researchers’ degrees of freedom, questionable research practices) often to the detriment of research quality (i.e., inflated rate of false positive results, asymmetric distribution of p-values in publications, reproducibility crisis), early career researchers untrained in open scholarship practices may be unaware, unsupported and subsequently less likely to implement them independently.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-0441/c89","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/d2597b747ce748d6","nativeRecordCid":"f00bb9d9-c2ce-44b4-bcef-f6ce1522bdaf","documentId":"osft-doc-0441","id":"c89","text":"If open scholarship topics are not taught at the onset of researchers' professional careers, it is unlikely that the next generation of researchers will understand, value, and maintain the better institutional constraints and open research procedures implemented at the dawning of the reproducibility crisis.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"next generation of researchers","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"If these topics are not imbued at the onset of their professional careers, it is unlikely that the next generation of researchers will understand, value, and maintain the better institutional constraints and open research procedures implemented at the dawning of the reproducibility crisis.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0441/c90","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/390069b97aa641c0","nativeRecordCid":"01f01ced-a1d6-48b0-9f31-54a75692a5cd","documentId":"osft-doc-0441","id":"c90","text":"Training in open scholarship enables students who do not become researchers to be more effective consumers of research.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"training in open scholarship","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Second, training in open scholarship enables students who do not become researchers to be more effective consumers of research.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0441/c91","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/398b58f894c24609","nativeRecordCid":"c279731f-4bd7-46c3-b0d3-bbf1d95e190e","documentId":"osft-doc-0441","id":"c91","text":"The majority of higher education students will not pursue an academic career.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"higher education students","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Given that the majority of higher education students will not pursue an academic career, higher education presents a valuable opportunity to formally teach prospective consumers of research how scientific research is conducted in an open and transparent manner and how to evaluate research critically.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-0441/c92","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/ce388744f6524e4f","nativeRecordCid":"82ceb9ee-7f25-4b5c-804b-465f4cb6f44b","documentId":"osft-doc-0441","id":"c92","text":"Higher education presents a valuable opportunity to teach prospective consumers of research how scientific research is conducted in an open and transparent manner.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"higher education opportunity","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Given that the majority of higher education students will not pursue an academic career, higher education presents a valuable opportunity to formally teach prospective consumers of research how scientific research is conducted in an open and transparent manner and how to evaluate research critically.","representedInStars":true}
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{"key":"osft-doc-0441/c94","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/696c98317f7747f0","nativeRecordCid":"2e4a016f-0b6c-4479-b398-6ee106e6c255","documentId":"osft-doc-0441","id":"c94","text":"Teaching prospective consumers of research increases the chances of leaving a lasting impression on students' beliefs about science and on how they envision, evaluate, and trust science.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"teaching prospective research consumers","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"In doing so, scholars not only increase the chances of leaving a lasting impression on students’ beliefs about science, but also on how they envision, evaluate, and trust science, which strongly influences how they will interact with it in their future.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0441/c95","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/b1da9fe25c8a439d","nativeRecordCid":"8e8ab122-72b3-468e-8269-f5ff137af5f0","documentId":"osft-doc-0441","id":"c95","text":"Students' impressions of how they envision, evaluate, and trust science strongly influence how they will interact with science in their future.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"students' impressions of science","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"In doing so, scholars not only increase the chances of leaving a lasting impression on students’ beliefs about science, but also on how they envision, evaluate, and trust science, which strongly influences how they will interact with it in their future.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-0441/c96","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/6d8b1e2b9ad34d79","nativeRecordCid":"bc5d2e7d-d7be-460d-bf88-1c06d09f95ba","documentId":"osft-doc-0441","id":"c96","text":"Open scholarship supports social justice.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"open scholarship","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"A third—and commonly overlooked—benefit is that open scholarship supports social justice.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-0441/c97","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/95e4414d7cd2455a","nativeRecordCid":"a8ae819f-00fe-416d-af15-2af95004b512","documentId":"osft-doc-0441","id":"c97","text":"The current model of scientific production and educational practices contributes to and reproduces global inequalities.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"scientific production model","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The current model of scientific production and educational practices contributes to and reproduces global inequalities.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-0441/c98","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/73d231b88d164e8a","nativeRecordCid":"af5b79a8-2819-4e3f-8cf7-d76853369c14","documentId":"osft-doc-0441","id":"c98","text":"Science is built on the same foundations as society itself.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"science and society","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Science is built on the same foundations as society itself, which means that it has inevitably inherited many of society’s systematic barriers hindering the success of traditionally marginalized groups—whether based on gender, race, ethnicity, origin or social class (“Is science only for the rich?”, 2016).","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0441/c99","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/919a3cba92f943b8","nativeRecordCid":"1f0fe905-7026-4071-943f-748d05a44e5b","documentId":"osft-doc-0441","id":"c99","text":"Science has inherited many of society's systematic barriers hindering the success of traditionally marginalized groups based on gender, race, ethnicity, origin, or social class.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"science and marginalized groups","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Science is built on the same foundations as society itself, which means that it has inevitably inherited many of society’s systematic barriers hindering the success of traditionally marginalized groups—whether based on gender, race, ethnicity, origin or social class (“Is science only for the rich?”, 2016).","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-0441/c100","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/4ba583963a464d60","nativeRecordCid":"e8e7eabb-b2f2-4f1d-8633-6239684dec1e","documentId":"osft-doc-0441","id":"c100","text":"Perpetuating the lack of open sharing of data, resources, and the products of research serves to maintain the status quo.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"lack of open sharing","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Thus, perpetuating the lack of open sharing of data, resources, and the products of research only serves to maintain the status quo (see Ledgerwood et al., in press).","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0441/c101","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/ecaf99d7405649e9","nativeRecordCid":"01201819-d4ee-4b90-8220-0847b594dc3a","documentId":"osft-doc-0441","id":"c101","text":"Current academic structures around science communication, prestige-based funding, and teaching and mentoring practices often serve as a bottleneck that considerably hinders the chances of minorities in academia.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"academic structures","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Current academic structures around science communication, prestige-based funding, and teaching and mentoring practices often serve as a bottleneck, considerably hindering the chances of minorities in academia while perpetuating power imbalances and exploitation of privilege (Siler et al., 2018).","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-0441/c102","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/913ed81d1616445e","nativeRecordCid":"33e6babd-e6dc-4bf9-a8d9-0f2999b54500","documentId":"osft-doc-0441","id":"c102","text":"Current academic structures around science communication, prestige-based funding, and teaching and mentoring practices perpetuate power imbalances and exploitation of privilege.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"academic structures","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Current academic structures around science communication, prestige-based funding, and teaching and mentoring practices often serve as a bottleneck, considerably hindering the chances of minorities in academia while perpetuating power imbalances and exploitation of privilege (Siler et al., 2018).","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-0441/c103","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/34d20485798e43de","nativeRecordCid":"e787d6b9-2eed-45a6-a3e0-933c7f692eff","documentId":"osft-doc-0441","id":"c103","text":"The Matthew effect in science describes how academic structures contribute unfairly to the advancement of already well-established scientists.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"Matthew effect in science","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Accordingly, the Matthew effect in science (Merton, 1968) describes how academic structures contribute unfairly to the advancement of already well-established scientists, given that, contrary to popular belief, the key factors predicting recognition of one’s scientific work are seniority, location, and institutional reputation rather than research quality.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0441/c104","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/3aef7fff5498414e","nativeRecordCid":"fb0cff18-2646-4436-8bca-96adee8c144d","documentId":"osft-doc-0441","id":"c104","text":"The key factors predicting recognition of one's scientific work are seniority, location, and institutional reputation rather than research quality.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"recognition of scientific work","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Accordingly, the Matthew effect in science (Merton, 1968) describes how academic structures contribute unfairly to the advancement of already well-established scientists, given that, contrary to popular belief, the key factors predicting recognition of one’s scientific work are seniority, location, and institutional reputation rather than research quality.","representedInStars":true}
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{"key":"osft-doc-0441/c106","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/c3aa2114cdd740cd","nativeRecordCid":"268b0858-28d9-445c-b56b-501f18e4b257","documentId":"osft-doc-0441","id":"c106","text":"This trickle-down of recognition contributes to increasing inequality regarding which scientific ideas and perspectives get more diffused and become more impactful to future scientific investigations.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"recognition trickle-down","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Recognition then trickles down to funding, visibility and citations of one’s scientific work (Merton, 1988), which ultimately contributes to increasing inequality with regards to which scientific ideas and perspectives get more diffused and therefore become more impactful to future scientific investigations (Morgan et al., 2018).","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-0441/c107","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/bd82a868f58b45e9","nativeRecordCid":"d0950893-2027-4a84-929f-6fe215fbb6d5","documentId":"osft-doc-0441","id":"c107","text":"Junior researchers who co-author with prominent scientists have an ongoing competitive advantage, including continued collaboration with top-cited scientists and a higher likelihood of becoming one themselves.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"junior researchers co-authoring with prominent scientists","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Similarly, junior researchers who co-author with prominent scientists have an ongoing competitive advantage, including continued collaboration with top-cited scientists and a higher likelihood of becoming one themselves (Li et al., 2019).","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-0441/c108","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/a9d965c07be44bfb","nativeRecordCid":"c2fb79fd-ee15-469e-aa57-76c6483226b2","documentId":"osft-doc-0441","id":"c108","text":"Inequality in academia is a pervasive issue.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"inequality in academia","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Thus, inequality in academia is a pervasive issue, influencing not only who has access to higher education and who gets to be a prominent scholar (see Roberts et al., 2020) but also which populations get studied (Henrich et al., 2010).","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0441/c109","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/dea624d0645d4403","nativeRecordCid":"91432285-554c-4c82-a0a3-d3d2159c3a89","documentId":"osft-doc-0441","id":"c109","text":"Inequality in academia influences who has access to higher education.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"inequality in academia","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Thus, inequality in academia is a pervasive issue, influencing not only who has access to higher education and who gets to be a prominent scholar (see Roberts et al., 2020) but also which populations get studied (Henrich et al., 2010).","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-0441/c110","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/45b287e79fa1440c","nativeRecordCid":"370c5de9-876b-401a-b0c0-588c740bf67b","documentId":"osft-doc-0441","id":"c110","text":"Inequality in academia influences who gets to be a prominent scholar.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"inequality in academia","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Thus, inequality in academia is a pervasive issue, influencing not only who has access to higher education and who gets to be a prominent scholar (see Roberts et al., 2020) but also which populations get studied (Henrich et al., 2010).","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-0441/c111","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/736907348b4b4655","nativeRecordCid":"8b378d86-27ca-4ab3-a9c7-47f0abddc423","documentId":"osft-doc-0441","id":"c111","text":"Inequality in academia influences which populations get studied.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"inequality in academia","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Thus, inequality in academia is a pervasive issue, influencing not only who has access to higher education and who gets to be a prominent scholar (see Roberts et al., 2020) but also which populations get studied (Henrich et al., 2010).","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-0441/c112","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/ece52bcd090346a5","nativeRecordCid":"0da6ca94-0688-4cd0-b0a9-54a4911a42ff","documentId":"osft-doc-0441","id":"c112","text":"Creating conditions for knowledge to become a public good, accessible to all members of society, helps mitigate inequalities surrounding the access, learning, and production of scientific content.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"knowledge as a public good","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Creating the conditions for knowledge to become a public good—accessible to all members of society, is one way to help mitigate inequalities surrounding the access, learning, and production of scientific content (Steltenpohl et al., 2019).","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-0441/c113","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/bdcc86d5c3184fd7","nativeRecordCid":"bf30ef2c-2d3d-453a-bb7d-813631c57d89","documentId":"osft-doc-0441","id":"c113","text":"Science is a community endeavor.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"science","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"This is in line with the idea that science is a community endeavor, wherein open inquiry and public participation is at the heart of the scientific enterprise.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-0441/c114","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/35b41cdbe612407a","nativeRecordCid":"13c81820-efb5-46f2-87af-585bb2a7b6da","documentId":"osft-doc-0441","id":"c114","text":"Open inquiry and public participation are at the heart of the scientific enterprise.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"scientific enterprise","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"This is in line with the idea that science is a community endeavor, wherein open inquiry and public participation is at the heart of the scientific enterprise.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-0441/c115","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/4a130de41fcc4bde","nativeRecordCid":"25a52d45-38ec-4b6a-9126-6b50746399c7","documentId":"osft-doc-0441","id":"c115","text":"Integrating the teaching of subject content with open and reproducible scholarship gives students and aspiring scholars the necessary tools to engage with science-making.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"integration of subject content teaching with open scholarship","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The integration of teaching subject content along with open and reproducible scholarship sits at the very foundation of this idea as it gives students and aspiring scholars the necessary tools to engage with science-making.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-0441/c116","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/de0daf4be55a4b0b","nativeRecordCid":"ced2528f-db44-4c02-b0c5-11ff5b8d9991","documentId":"osft-doc-0441","id":"c116","text":"Integrating open and reproducible scholarship into teaching could maximize students' and early career scholars' likelihood of present and future engagement with resources, facilitating the acquisition of knowledge.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"open scholarship teaching practices","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Such practices could maximize student’s and early career scholars’ likelihood of present and future engagement with resources, facilitating the acquisition of knowledge.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-0441/c117","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/13cc700cb04241df","nativeRecordCid":"4925a39e-917d-4e26-83df-6ee82fa05f75","documentId":"osft-doc-0441","id":"c117","text":"Open teaching initiatives allow a wider variety of societal actors, including researchers, citizen scientists, policy makers, businesses, and third sector organizations, to collaborate and contribute their expertise towards a common goal in science production.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"open teaching initiatives","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Furthermore, open teaching initiatives allow for a wider variety of societal actors—including researchers, citizen scientists, policy makers, businesses, and third sector organizations—to collaborate and contribute their expertise towards a common goal in science production.","representedInStars":true}
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{"key":"osft-doc-0441/c119","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/39b8d76db1bf46e3","nativeRecordCid":"8a9d7deb-5aa5-49c9-9146-e9e389ec6ba0","documentId":"osft-doc-0441","id":"c119","text":"Open teaching initiatives promote greater democratization of science.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"open teaching initiatives","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"These initiatives promote greater diversity and democratization of science, and improved scientific literacy, consumption, and participation among the lay public.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-0441/c120","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/6ef7f75b54164679","nativeRecordCid":"870ce4cf-f8dd-477c-b94a-b84237a4547a","documentId":"osft-doc-0441","id":"c120","text":"Open teaching initiatives improve scientific literacy among the lay public.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"open teaching initiatives","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"These initiatives promote greater diversity and democratization of science, and improved scientific literacy, consumption, and participation among the lay public.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-0441/c121","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/4e199dcec9684f12","nativeRecordCid":"ba44e91d-690e-49fd-bc25-d4e7c7469bda","documentId":"osft-doc-0441","id":"c121","text":"Open teaching initiatives improve scientific consumption among the lay public.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"open teaching initiatives","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"These initiatives promote greater diversity and democratization of science, and improved scientific literacy, consumption, and participation among the lay public.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-0441/c122","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/d16576206df7463c","nativeRecordCid":"48bbc550-1bd3-4ef0-b447-02106889795b","documentId":"osft-doc-0441","id":"c122","text":"Open teaching initiatives improve scientific participation among the lay public.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"open teaching initiatives","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"These initiatives promote greater diversity and democratization of science, and improved scientific literacy, consumption, and participation among the lay public.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-0441/c123","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/2389fcb690314dc5","nativeRecordCid":"70866d80-2b86-4c10-94f5-ae04358247d8","documentId":"osft-doc-0441","id":"c123","text":"Integrating open teaching initiatives into science produces greater alignment between the scientific process and its outcomes and principled values.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"scientific process alignment","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Ultimately, this means greater alignment between the scientific process and its outcomes with principled values, and the needs and expectations of the society.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-0441/c124","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/c79298a760c04029","nativeRecordCid":"58a8210f-a95d-4d50-93a3-8eb72e089066","documentId":"osft-doc-0441","id":"c124","text":"Integrating open teaching initiatives into science produces greater alignment between the scientific process and its outcomes and the needs and expectations of society.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"scientific process alignment","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Ultimately, this means greater alignment between the scientific process and its outcomes with principled values, and the needs and expectations of the society.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-0441/c125","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/ef3d62640a984a44","nativeRecordCid":"8199321e-d6cf-4f8b-9507-29dd09a67508","documentId":"osft-doc-0441","id":"c125","text":"Principled teaching and mentoring is teaching and mentoring that integrates both subject matter and open and reproducible scholarship tenets.","kind":"definitional","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"principled teaching and mentoring","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"In what follows, we advance our ideals about principled teaching and mentoring—that is, teaching and mentoring that integrates both subject matter and open and reproducible scholarship tenets.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-0441/c126","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/d700ab9259ae497e","nativeRecordCid":"07bd4fa2-ecc1-4d32-9644-659b73252905","documentId":"osft-doc-0441","id":"c126","text":"Teaching and mentoring have the potential to powerfully motivate positive change.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"teaching and mentoring","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"We argue that teaching and mentoring have the potential to powerfully motivate positive change; indeed, others have argued that one potential solution to the replicability crisis is to make replication an explicit part of higher education pedagogy","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-0441/c127","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/5a88e157d0f44cbf","nativeRecordCid":"eff1f334-6f2f-4278-a39c-a15516951397","documentId":"osft-doc-0441","id":"c127","text":"The facts of science should be taught relative to the process by which those facts were acquired.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"","subject":"teaching of scientific facts","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Principled teaching and mentoring are based on the idea that the facts of science should be taught relative to the process by which those facts were acquired.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-0441/c128","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/7d7103bed4364e73","nativeRecordCid":"f3a438d1-f990-4acc-95d2-b0eaea8a63ea","documentId":"osft-doc-0441","id":"c128","text":"Assessing the quality of scientific findings hinges on research design, measurements and instruments, sampling methods, and representativeness.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"quality of scientific findings","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"This includes the understanding that assessing the quality of scientific findings hinges on research design, measurements and instruments, sampling methods and representativeness.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-0441/c129","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/8b7841427ba24bea","nativeRecordCid":"f23a0db6-a215-4a1a-b1a0-f30d0c4e1c33","documentId":"osft-doc-0441","id":"c129","text":"Principled instruction can happen both in classroom settings and through scientific mentorship.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"principled instruction","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Principled instruction can happen both in classroom settings (e.g., through courses about open scholarship, or content courses that integrate tenets of open scholarship) as well as through scientific mentorship, as occurs when students are trained in open scholarship practices as part of their own work.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0441/c130","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/b0162d050c244253","nativeRecordCid":"bf9e262b-7710-4f8e-8edc-7c4bea06c293","documentId":"osft-doc-0441","id":"c130","text":"Students must be familiar with the notion that scientific claims should be taken in light of epistemic uncertainty.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"students","subject":"students' familiarity with epistemic uncertainty","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"To understand and evaluate scientific work, students must first be familiar with the notion that scientific claims should be taken in light of epistemic uncertainty—i.e., the intrinsic incertitude about the validity of claims.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-0441/c131","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/f9befcae78724bf8","nativeRecordCid":"3d065959-5857-4805-a1d0-71d8bf0f177f","documentId":"osft-doc-0441","id":"c131","text":"Scientific claims should be taken in light of epistemic uncertainty.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"","subject":"scientific claims","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"To understand and evaluate scientific work, students must first be familiar with the notion that scientific claims should be taken in light of epistemic uncertainty—i.e., the intrinsic incertitude about the validity of claims.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0441/c132","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/80f576cedaa34f14","nativeRecordCid":"9b1a1a84-d120-4a35-88ea-b23d05a8a358","documentId":"osft-doc-0441","id":"c132","text":"Epistemic uncertainty is the intrinsic incertitude about the validity of claims.","kind":"definitional","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"epistemic uncertainty","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"To understand and evaluate scientific work, students must first be familiar with the notion that scientific claims should be taken in light of epistemic uncertainty—i.e., the intrinsic incertitude about the validity of claims.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-0441/c133","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/8a3dfacd6676406b","nativeRecordCid":"98ebd511-f06a-49ce-95e7-ba1b34d515fe","documentId":"osft-doc-0441","id":"c133","text":"Academics are typically familiarized with, and utilize, heuristics in line with epistemic uncertainty, especially when judging the output of each other's work.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"academics' use of heuristics","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Typically, academics are familiarized with, and utilize, heuristics in line with epistemic uncertainty, especially when it comes to judging the output of each other’s work.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-0441/c134","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/1cfac24b80e747f9","nativeRecordCid":"9def239c-c4b5-4e25-92f1-1decbf7599aa","documentId":"osft-doc-0441","id":"c134","text":"Epistemic uncertainty is one key aspect motivating the peer-review system.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"peer-review system","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Indeed, epistemic uncertainty is one key aspect motivating the peer-review system.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-0441/c135","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/9074f162a3264fee","nativeRecordCid":"0b6d47dc-31e6-4e6e-8745-6906e0c05141","documentId":"osft-doc-0441","id":"c135","text":"Science education would benefit from systematically integrating field content with epistemic uncertainty.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"science education","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"We argue that science education would also benefit from systematically integrating field content with epistemic uncertainty.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-0441/c136","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/6e39c3eb3b7448a3","nativeRecordCid":"4c7663bb-0d40-4bae-861e-9f09659f61bd","documentId":"osft-doc-0441","id":"c136","text":"Teaching students without acknowledging epistemic uncertainty gives them a false sense of certainty about the facts of science.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"science teaching and certainty","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"This has the unfortunate consequence of teaching students a false sense of certainty about ‘the facts’ of science, which can be thought of as misleading, if not unethical (Marks, 2009).","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-0441/c137","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/62571f68cbbf42ea","nativeRecordCid":"71b352ca-bcad-4e79-bd27-7ef27bc3fb5d","documentId":"osft-doc-0441","id":"c137","text":"A false sense of certainty about the facts of science can be considered misleading, if not unethical.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"false sense of scientific certainty","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"This has the unfortunate consequence of teaching students a false sense of certainty about ‘the facts’ of science, which can be thought of as misleading, if not unethical (Marks, 2009).","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0441/c138","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/b9216e35f1b14568","nativeRecordCid":"9ddad7f9-db9a-414d-9c5e-e283b9302be6","documentId":"osft-doc-0441","id":"c138","text":"The belief that statistical analyses give a 'seal of objectivity' to research conclusions may be ill-advised.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"belief in statistical objectivity","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"One conspicuous case of unfounded uncertainty is the pervasive belief that statistical analyses give a ‘seal of objectivity’ to research conclusions, despite the fact that this preconception may be ill-advised (Freese & Peterson, 2018).","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-0441/c139","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/4112d6c2ed3d498c","nativeRecordCid":"81689b28-5899-41cd-870b-43e0fb7edbfb","documentId":"osft-doc-0441","id":"c139","text":"Integrating tenets of open scholarship into teaching helps provide students with first-hand practical experience probing the production of knowledge and evaluating it more critically.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"open scholarship in teaching","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Thus, integrating tenets of open scholarship into teaching also helps to provide students with first-hand practical experience with probing the production of knowledge and evaluating it more critically.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-0441/c140","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/9aa756078f904e2c","nativeRecordCid":"cc73716c-d607-495b-8956-5780ff42124c","documentId":"osft-doc-0441","id":"c140","text":"CREP offers students training opportunities to conduct large-scale collaborative replication projects.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"CREP","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"As one of a few examples, the Collaborative Replications and Education Project (CREP; Grahe et al. 2018) offers students training opportunities to conduct large-scale collaborative replication projects, as well as training and support for teachers wishing to guide their students through such research.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-0441/c141","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/36843f6e8cac4990","nativeRecordCid":"9dd09f6c-c739-48af-9087-af1a2c3ce61d","documentId":"osft-doc-0441","id":"c141","text":"CREP offers training and support for teachers wishing to guide their students through large-scale collaborative replication research.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"CREP","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"As one of a few examples, the Collaborative Replications and Education Project (CREP; Grahe et al. 2018) offers students training opportunities to conduct large-scale collaborative replication projects, as well as training and support for teachers wishing to guide their students through such research.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-0441/c142","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/9a98a50397984eee","nativeRecordCid":"283dee3c-2e09-4108-b1fd-0b15a50f3018","documentId":"osft-doc-0441","id":"c142","text":"Principled education can leverage open scholarship ideals to teach all students, not only those pursuing a career in academia, about the procedures of science and its intricacies while offering hands-on experience with reproducibility, replication, pre-registration, and analytical flexibility.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"principled education","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Principled education can leverage the aforementioned ideals to teach all students—not only those pursuing a career in academia—about the procedures of science and its intricacies alongside offering hands-on experience addressing concepts of reproducibility, replication, pre-registration, and analytical flexibility.","representedInStars":true}
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{"key":"osft-doc-0441/c144","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/7df7e923f47147d2","nativeRecordCid":"5dbdf2a8-ea56-4b63-a4d0-70e651e7dcef","documentId":"osft-doc-0441","id":"c144","text":"Students benefit from working on tasks addressing precise and complete record keeping.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"student skill development","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"In addition, students also benefit from working on tasks addressing the broad range of skills that they will need as professionals, such as understanding and communicating data insights (collect data or perform experiments), precise and complete record keeping, accurate reporting of results, and a commitment to dissemination.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0441/c145","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/889530d7c6df404e","nativeRecordCid":"85e48172-701c-4579-9322-df2e4c406544","documentId":"osft-doc-0441","id":"c145","text":"Students benefit from working on tasks addressing accurate reporting of results.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"student skill development","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"In addition, students also benefit from working on tasks addressing the broad range of skills that they will need as professionals, such as understanding and communicating data insights (collect data or perform experiments), precise and complete record keeping, accurate reporting of results, and a commitment to dissemination.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0441/c146","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/fd6de9071fdd4cbf","nativeRecordCid":"b74be58e-d407-4265-b939-85c5817b44d9","documentId":"osft-doc-0441","id":"c146","text":"Students benefit from working on tasks addressing a commitment to dissemination.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"student skill development","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"In addition, students also benefit from working on tasks addressing the broad range of skills that they will need as professionals, such as understanding and communicating data insights (collect data or perform experiments), precise and complete record keeping, accurate reporting of results, and a commitment to dissemination.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0441/c147","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/c3e07fd7511b4aa4","nativeRecordCid":"6c510d53-68ac-4a06-8542-1ec4e974ca3d","documentId":"osft-doc-0441","id":"c147","text":"Principled education finds normative support in several social sciences' codes of conduct.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"principled education","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Principled education finds normative support in several social sciences’ codes of conduct—we use psychology as an example but do not intend to limit focus on any particular field.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-0441/c148","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/d6afb496ee864d41","nativeRecordCid":"b263ca56-d7af-4279-97e6-716c9e565807","documentId":"osft-doc-0441","id":"c148","text":"Educators should communicate the possible caveats and uncertainty associated with any scientific work.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"educators","subject":"communicating scientific uncertainty","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Considering the reproducibility crisis, we believe a reasonable interpretation of these guidelines involves communicating the possible caveats and uncertainty associated with any scientific work, and to focus on continuous self-improvement and education as a means to teach effectively.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0441/c149","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/0f0e04245e814d39","nativeRecordCid":"598264de-52fe-4667-b7e0-003e69094829","documentId":"osft-doc-0441","id":"c149","text":"Educators should focus on continuous self-improvement and education as a means to teach effectively.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"educators","subject":"educator self-improvement","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Considering the reproducibility crisis, we believe a reasonable interpretation of these guidelines involves communicating the possible caveats and uncertainty associated with any scientific work, and to focus on continuous self-improvement and education as a means to teach effectively.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-0441/c150","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/2d8ff64d8fe84027","nativeRecordCid":"1e3f3990-d1d0-4ec4-ab15-221e49ad4ee8","documentId":"osft-doc-0441","id":"c150","text":"The scientific enterprise is a continuous learning process.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"scientific enterprise","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Indeed, the ideas instilled in the APA’s Code of Conduct portray the scientific enterprise as a continuous learning process, whose application in science education contributes to a more realistic portrayal of the subject matter and promoting the curiosity and interest of students about the academic profession.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-0441/c151","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/d7e08f79bc3b49e9","nativeRecordCid":"8d35140c-0c9e-4f9d-a647-6be990610b79","documentId":"osft-doc-0441","id":"c151","text":"Portraying the scientific enterprise as a continuous learning process in science education contributes to a more realistic portrayal of the subject matter.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"science education","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Indeed, the ideas instilled in the APA’s Code of Conduct portray the scientific enterprise as a continuous learning process, whose application in science education contributes to a more realistic portrayal of the subject matter and promoting the curiosity and interest of students about the academic profession.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-0441/c152","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/6a881f9b31e54303","nativeRecordCid":"bdc77bf4-8688-4f3f-8e20-63fa6a8d1b63","documentId":"osft-doc-0441","id":"c152","text":"Portraying the scientific enterprise as a continuous learning process in science education promotes the curiosity and interest of students about the academic profession.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"science education","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Indeed, the ideas instilled in the APA’s Code of Conduct portray the scientific enterprise as a continuous learning process, whose application in science education contributes to a more realistic portrayal of the subject matter and promoting the curiosity and interest of students about the academic profession.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-0441/c153","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/bda201a29ba74b1c","nativeRecordCid":"6df3c172-cee4-4316-a389-281545a6a100","documentId":"osft-doc-0441","id":"c153","text":"The current publication culture places a premium on quantity over quality.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"current publication culture","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The first barrier is the current publication culture, which effectively places a premium on quantity over quality and novelty over confirming published findings (Allen & Mehler, 2019; Flier, 2017; Hill & Stein, 2021; Moher et al., 2018; Naudet et al., 2018) and encourages aggressive competition over collaborative teamwork, praising the individual over the many and varied efforts of a large team.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-0441/c154","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/d56cec851b31438a","nativeRecordCid":"caf77cb6-6dee-43f6-9494-e7dbee85f2ed","documentId":"osft-doc-0441","id":"c154","text":"The current publication culture places a premium on novelty over confirming published findings.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"current publication culture","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The first barrier is the current publication culture, which effectively places a premium on quantity over quality and novelty over confirming published findings (Allen & Mehler, 2019; Flier, 2017; Hill & Stein, 2021; Moher et al., 2018; Naudet et al., 2018) and encourages aggressive competition over collaborative teamwork, praising the individual over the many and varied efforts of a large team.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-0441/c155","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/508b2f1f6e9f40f1","nativeRecordCid":"e9f200f3-e6f1-4bf7-8cf1-ca4872e7ac13","documentId":"osft-doc-0441","id":"c155","text":"The current publication culture encourages aggressive competition over collaborative teamwork.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"current publication culture","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The first barrier is the current publication culture, which effectively places a premium on quantity over quality and novelty over confirming published findings (Allen & Mehler, 2019; Flier, 2017; Hill & Stein, 2021; Moher et al., 2018; Naudet et al., 2018) and encourages aggressive competition over collaborative teamwork, praising the individual over the many and varied efforts of a large team.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-0441/c156","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/ff224693e8e74548","nativeRecordCid":"d50391ed-3738-4013-a81a-bd8991461031","documentId":"osft-doc-0441","id":"c156","text":"The current publication culture praises the individual over the many and varied efforts of a large team.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"current publication culture","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The first barrier is the current publication culture, which effectively places a premium on quantity over quality and novelty over confirming published findings (Allen & Mehler, 2019; Flier, 2017; Hill & Stein, 2021; Moher et al., 2018; Naudet et al., 2018) and encourages aggressive competition over collaborative teamwork, praising the individual over the many and varied efforts of a large team.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-0441/c157","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/90013203b60245f1","nativeRecordCid":"5fe2edd4-e295-4c98-8439-0e6803b3d2da","documentId":"osft-doc-0441","id":"c157","text":"The current publication culture is antithetical to scientific ideals of cumulative and team science.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"current publication culture","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"This culture—antithetical to scientific ideals of cumulative and team science—naturally informs how students are taught and mentored, thereby entrenching the reluctance of current and future scholars to implement open scholarship practices out of concern that it will hinder their—and their students'—productivity, employability and career progression.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-0441/c158","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/86c5ce891bd44503","nativeRecordCid":"a55e295e-35c7-48f1-8630-f3819ce4d218","documentId":"osft-doc-0441","id":"c158","text":"The current publication culture informs how students are taught and mentored.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"current publication culture","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"This culture—antithetical to scientific ideals of cumulative and team science—naturally informs how students are taught and mentored, thereby entrenching the reluctance of current and future scholars to implement open scholarship practices out of concern that it will hinder their—and their students'—productivity, employability and career progression.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-0441/c159","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/88df766001f6433d","nativeRecordCid":"56a538b0-12b0-4be2-a23a-6ae7784b6a9c","documentId":"osft-doc-0441","id":"c159","text":"The current publication culture entrenches the reluctance of current and future scholars to implement open scholarship practices, out of concern that doing so will hinder their and their students' productivity, employability, and career progression.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"current publication culture","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"This culture—antithetical to scientific ideals of cumulative and team science—naturally informs how students are taught and mentored, thereby entrenching the reluctance of current and future scholars to implement open scholarship practices out of concern that it will hinder their—and their students'—productivity, employability and career progression.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-0441/c160","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/02a796a4c7c3475a","nativeRecordCid":"3dfb1b3a-2f50-4a36-96b1-1b724793bf16","documentId":"osft-doc-0441","id":"c160","text":"The current academic incentive structure discourages scholars from devoting time and energy to incorporating open scholarship practices into training.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"academic incentive structure","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Secondly, the current academic incentive structure discourages scholars to devote time and energy into incorporating open scholarship practices into training.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-0441/c161","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/174991c2cf704672","nativeRecordCid":"6217ee4e-097f-4400-a927-52969f610e5e","documentId":"osft-doc-0441","id":"c161","text":"Scholars' professional success is usually measured by publications and grant funding track records.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"scholars' professional success","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"As scholars’ professional success is usually measured by publications and grant funding track records—and a typical academic workload is to teach, to conduct research and write grant applications—teaching can become deprioritized thanks to the competing demands of career progression and mobility in the job marketplace, both of which rely largely on research and grant-writing productivity.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-0441/c162","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/7326b246772f47b7","nativeRecordCid":"b903ce6d-e03f-4be3-a0e1-bd4865f8518f","documentId":"osft-doc-0441","id":"c162","text":"A typical academic workload consists of teaching, conducting research, and writing grant applications.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"academic workload","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"As scholars’ professional success is usually measured by publications and grant funding track records—and a typical academic workload is to teach, to conduct research and write grant applications—teaching can become deprioritized thanks to the competing demands of career progression and mobility in the job marketplace, both of which rely largely on research and grant-writing productivity.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0441/c163","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/3e466f2a57be470b","nativeRecordCid":"f5c8c36b-8835-459c-9fea-fbcb95cff880","documentId":"osft-doc-0441","id":"c163","text":"Teaching can become deprioritized due to the competing demands of career progression and mobility in the job marketplace, which rely largely on research and grant-writing productivity.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"teaching prioritization","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"As scholars’ professional success is usually measured by publications and grant funding track records—and a typical academic workload is to teach, to conduct research and write grant applications—teaching can become deprioritized thanks to the competing demands of career progression and mobility in the job marketplace, both of which rely largely on research and grant-writing productivity.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-0441/c164","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/b210f5e411634bed","nativeRecordCid":"fea91e19-718d-425e-b214-23f77c5f982b","documentId":"osft-doc-0441","id":"c164","text":"Incorporating open scholarship into pre-existing modules or the pedagogical culture of an academic institute involves considerable administrative burden, even for academics with a teaching-focused role.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"administrative burden of open scholarship integration","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Thirdly, even if academics have a teaching-focused role—where there may be less pressure to publish or capture grants for job security—there is considerable administrative burden to incorporating open scholarship into pre-existing modules or pedagogical culture of their institute.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-0441/c165","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/7c7eb84be0204c1a","nativeRecordCid":"b3679d6f-ac9a-4a24-ae1d-2cbf3e9d67b5","documentId":"osft-doc-0441","id":"c165","text":"There is no top-down recognition or reward for incorporating open scholarship into teaching, even when the associated administrative burden is overcome.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"recognition for open scholarship teaching","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The issue is compounded by the fact that even if this burden were to be overcome, there is no top-down recognition or reward for doing so, even despite growing evidence that open scholarship enriches the learning experience of students and will inevitably provide a competitive advantage in their future careers in research or research-related job roles.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0441/c166","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/13173e526f274b76","nativeRecordCid":"adeeadab-d950-47b3-bbe2-64a97328a99c","documentId":"osft-doc-0441","id":"c166","text":"Open scholarship enriches the learning experience of students.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"open scholarship","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The issue is compounded by the fact that even if this burden were to be overcome, there is no top-down recognition or reward for doing so, even despite growing evidence that open scholarship enriches the learning experience of students and will inevitably provide a competitive advantage in their future careers in research or research-related job roles.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-0441/c167","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/b7fcdbc5b8164215","nativeRecordCid":"c61786fd-efac-4029-a706-e2d278e5fc82","documentId":"osft-doc-0441","id":"c167","text":"Open scholarship will inevitably provide a competitive advantage in students' future careers in research or research-related job roles.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"open scholarship","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The issue is compounded by the fact that even if this burden were to be overcome, there is no top-down recognition or reward for doing so, even despite growing evidence that open scholarship enriches the learning experience of students and will inevitably provide a competitive advantage in their future careers in research or research-related job roles.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0441/c168","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/dcc699b8f4b2426c","nativeRecordCid":"337471d8-af56-4e9e-b4ad-cb055cfc6116","documentId":"osft-doc-0441","id":"c168","text":"The current incentive structures of academia work against implementing open scholarship practices.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"academic incentive structures","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The current incentive structures of academia can be interpreted as working against both implementing open scholarship practices and changing methods of training to teach students how to use them.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-0441/c169","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/38ad346ba6ba46fa","nativeRecordCid":"5a06da68-6955-4f6d-8721-39edbe44b958","documentId":"osft-doc-0441","id":"c169","text":"The current incentive structures of academia work against changing methods of training to teach students to use open scholarship practices.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"academic incentive structures","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The current incentive structures of academia can be interpreted as working against both implementing open scholarship practices and changing methods of training to teach students how to use them.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-0441/c170","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/b4ecd15c98e948f6","nativeRecordCid":"4cc2f168-f306-4a8f-bb2b-fde37b5707e9","documentId":"osft-doc-0441","id":"c170","text":"Integrating new research practices into teaching and mentoring may appear to be a substantial task for most researchers and educators, given the time constraints they face.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"integration of new research practices","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Therefore, the integration of new research practices into teaching and mentoring may appear to be a substantial task for most researchers and educators, considering the important time constraints they face.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-0441/c171","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/b4bbf07099e9451c","nativeRecordCid":"e102661e-a91b-42ec-aac5-95c111570f11","documentId":"osft-doc-0441","id":"c171","text":"The burden of implementing open scholarship practices in teaching can be reduced with new and existing initiatives such as open educational resources, massive open online courses, pedagogical communities, and databases of open access materials.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"burden of implementing open scholarship in teaching","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The burden of implementing these efforts can be reduced with new and existing initiatives such as open educational resources (OERs), massive open online courses (MOOCs), pedagogical communities (e.g., FORRT), and databases of open access materials (e.g., under Creative Commons license).","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-0441/c172","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/5ecc7837a1fe4948","nativeRecordCid":"a1341760-2bef-4aa2-b50a-ff8d79910640","documentId":"osft-doc-0441","id":"c172","text":"There is a plethora of general and subject-specific infrastructures to achieve open education through new pedagogies.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"open education infrastructures","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"There is also a plethora of general and subject-specific infrastructures to achieve open education through new pedagogies such as Open Core Courseware, GitHub, and freely available statistical suites such as R-based programming.","representedInStars":true}
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{"key":"osft-doc-0441/c179","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/abfab52e7f404e16","nativeRecordCid":"fee4c647-9661-4e56-9f80-d5787cd79f26","documentId":"osft-doc-0441","id":"c179","text":"Reproducibility should be considered a normative practice in science.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"","subject":"scientific practice","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"We envisage a scientific utopia in which openness, accessibility, inclusivity, and reproducibility are considered normative practices.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-0441/c180","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/0a732aa6bc434b29","nativeRecordCid":"f5f3efa7-cd09-41b0-a37a-d3766a3a4fb3","documentId":"osft-doc-0441","id":"c180","text":"A fourth pillar of principled teaching and mentoring is needed to ensure open scholarship practices are taught to prospective researchers and consumers of science.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"","subject":"principled teaching and mentoring pillar","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"In order to realise this true scientific utopia, we need a fourth pillar—principled teaching and mentoring—to ensure these practices are taught to prospective researchers and consumers of science.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-0441/c181","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/c0f6d5e041c24db3","nativeRecordCid":"bf77fd80-bea2-4ee3-8f10-f755b68fd072","documentId":"osft-doc-0441","id":"c181","text":"Educators must be familiar with the relevant literature to teach open and reproducible scholarship effectively.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"educators","subject":"educator familiarity with literature","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Teaching open and reproducible scholarship effectively requires that educators are familiar with the relevant literature and aware of ongoing debates in the field.","representedInStars":true}
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{"key":"osft-doc-0441/c183","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/c376707f8cbe4abd","nativeRecordCid":"fe3aacaa-b03b-4f22-8d43-bc2002de02b3","documentId":"osft-doc-0441","id":"c183","text":"FORRT's clusters of knowledge are central in the open and reproducible literature.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"FORRT's clusters","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Drawing on the know-how of more than 150 experts in several internal and external hackathons on open scholarship, FORRT has identified clusters of knowledge that are central in the open and reproducible literature.","representedInStars":false}
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{"key":"osft-doc-0441/c191","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/6c21225c7d634a6a","nativeRecordCid":"c68fdfff-4e16-4fe9-b3bf-280a23a44b81","documentId":"osft-doc-0441","id":"c191","text":"FORRT's cluster framework comprises academic life and culture.","kind":"definitional","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"FORRT's cluster framework","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The current framework is composed of seven clusters: (1) reproducibility and replicability knowledge, (2) conceptual and statistical knowledge, (3) reproducible analyses, (4) preregistration, (5) FAIR data and materials, (6) replication research and (7) academic life and culture (see Figure 1).","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-0441/c192","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/18d31009e8784823","nativeRecordCid":"dbbef18f-af36-44df-b8f2-1ad7dfdf477c","documentId":"osft-doc-0441","id":"c192","text":"Each FORRT cluster is broken down into sub-categories to provide educators with useful information on the extent of open scholarship and how topics are connected to one another.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"FORRT's clusters","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Each cluster is further broken down into sub-categories to provide educators with useful information on the extent of open scholarship, and topics connected to one another.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-0441/c193","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/84373eebc25443a8","nativeRecordCid":"4a68c8c5-d6b6-4d5f-bb06-28af91e4fe2e","documentId":"osft-doc-0441","id":"c193","text":"FORRT's self-assessment tool enables educators to attain a nuanced perspective on the degree of open and reproducible research incorporated in their teaching and mentoring.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"FORRT's self-assessment tool","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"This is intended to be used as a learning tool, with which educators can attain a nuanced perspective on the degree of open and reproducible research incorporated in their teaching and mentoring.","representedInStars":true}
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{"key":"osft-doc-0441/c282","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/b1ad52183ad448a4","nativeRecordCid":"dc479cb7-efe1-4d5f-a208-69face6082f7","documentId":"osft-doc-0441","id":"c282","text":"FORRT's third prong aims to help modify the academic incentive structure about teaching and mentoring through recognition and commendations of excellent teaching and mentoring.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"FORRT's third prong","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Accordingly, FORRT’s third prong aims to help modify the academic incentive structure about teaching and mentoring through recognition and commendations of excellent teaching and mentoring.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-0441/c283","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/e765d0f203d14917","nativeRecordCid":"6fb59e4b-14e4-4069-90bd-023c66873994","documentId":"osft-doc-0441","id":"c283","text":"The FORRT community is collecting and cataloguing exemplary instances of principled education that have been successfully implemented by scholars and educators of different fields.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"FORRT community","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The FORRT community is collecting and cataloguing exemplary instances of principled education, that is, pedagogies in teaching or mentoring of open and reproducible principles that have been successfully implemented by scholars and educators of different fields.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0441/c284","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/0ea5b418c105435c","nativeRecordCid":"aea0445c-474a-4604-ae7e-e5943005c4fd","documentId":"osft-doc-0441","id":"c284","text":"FORRT's pedagogies encompass reflections on increasing the dissemination, recognition and re-purposefulness of teaching practices and materials.","kind":"definitional","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"FORRT's pedagogies","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"FORRT’s pedagogies encompass reflections on increasing the dissemination, recognition and re-purposefulness of teaching practices and materials, experiences of adapting courses to incorporate reproducibility and transparency, and perspectives on the social and ethical responsibilities towards teaching open scholarship principles.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0441/c285","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/2070471ef6004d7c","nativeRecordCid":"3c88bdce-2a44-4adc-a381-9ba883cfb1ab","documentId":"osft-doc-0441","id":"c285","text":"FORRT's pedagogies encompass experiences of adapting courses to incorporate reproducibility and transparency.","kind":"definitional","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"FORRT's pedagogies","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"FORRT’s pedagogies encompass reflections on increasing the dissemination, recognition and re-purposefulness of teaching practices and materials, experiences of adapting courses to incorporate reproducibility and transparency, and perspectives on the social and ethical responsibilities towards teaching open scholarship principles.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0441/c286","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/9f5e08b8590c4e55","nativeRecordCid":"d628a731-52e8-45ae-93c8-0e44d6b5d635","documentId":"osft-doc-0441","id":"c286","text":"FORRT's pedagogies encompass perspectives on the social and ethical responsibilities towards teaching open scholarship principles.","kind":"definitional","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"FORRT's pedagogies","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"FORRT’s pedagogies encompass reflections on increasing the dissemination, recognition and re-purposefulness of teaching practices and materials, experiences of adapting courses to incorporate reproducibility and transparency, and perspectives on the social and ethical responsibilities towards teaching open scholarship principles.","representedInStars":false}
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{"key":"osft-doc-0441/c288","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/85e7ecf19649403c","nativeRecordCid":"8e229d8b-8b85-457e-ab02-58ea00aa79a7","documentId":"osft-doc-0441","id":"c288","text":"FORRT's pedagogies aim to highlight the instructor and their educational method.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"FORRT's pedagogies","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Second, it aims to highlight the instructor and their educational method.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-0441/c289","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/9ee0fc33b01948a4","nativeRecordCid":"37493952-4dcf-41ac-b238-bb9f3a0976fe","documentId":"osft-doc-0441","id":"c289","text":"Principled teaching and mentoring should be better assimilated into the academic incentive structure.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"","subject":"principled teaching and mentoring","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Through recognition and commendations of excellent teaching and mentoring, we hope to encourage a movement towards a better assimilation of principled teaching and mentoring into the academic incentive structure.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0441/c290","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/aa065c45824b444a","nativeRecordCid":"096a1102-e2d2-4025-af40-690a573ff64a","documentId":"osft-doc-0441","id":"c290","text":"FORRT's pedagogies initiative may contribute in the long term to fostering social justice through the opening and democratization of educational resources.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"FORRT's pedagogies initiative","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Finally, we hope that, in the long term, this initiative can contribute to fostering social justice through the opening and democratization of educational resources.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-0441/c291","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/bf2b63c09d5742ea","nativeRecordCid":"0629bbfb-4d67-4607-80d3-7206fbcb6cf3","documentId":"osft-doc-0441","id":"c291","text":"FORRT offers a platform where teachers of different fields and disciplines can share their stories, experiences, successes and hardships in implementing principled teaching and mentoring.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"FORRT","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"To facilitate the exchange between educators, FORRT offers a platform where teachers of different fields and disciplines can share their stories, experiences, successes and hardships in implementing principled teaching and mentoring, as well as their educational practices and initiatives that may be of interest to the open scholarship community.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0441/c292","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/d167f5b89b954b56","nativeRecordCid":"e9fa0239-6585-4aed-8dec-5b4b5c3aaa21","documentId":"osft-doc-0441","id":"c292","text":"FORRT's Educators' Corner aims to recognize the efforts of educators in developing classes, materials, tools and initiatives regarding principled education and social justice in academia.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"FORRT's Educators' Corner","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Similar to FORRT’s pedagogies, the Educator’s corner aims to recognize the efforts of educators in developing classes, materials, tools and initiatives regarding principled education and social justice in academia.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-0441/c293","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/828e21857e424596","nativeRecordCid":"d242efb4-80fe-4245-8aed-71bc452c18e1","documentId":"osft-doc-0441","id":"c293","text":"FORRT's Educators' Corner can increase the visibility of educators' efforts towards principled education.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"FORRT's Educators' Corner","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"It is our hope that this virtual space can increase the visibility of educators’ efforts towards principled education, while encouraging them to exchange ideas, learn from each other, and stay up-to-date with best practices regarding open and reproducible teaching and mentoring.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-0441/c294","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/5d4e86abf2764d19","nativeRecordCid":"557d09ae-8993-4ed4-aab7-afc2d5f1f192","documentId":"osft-doc-0441","id":"c294","text":"FORRT's Educators' Corner encourages educators to exchange ideas, learn from each other, and stay up-to-date with best practices regarding open and reproducible teaching and mentoring.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"FORRT's Educators' Corner","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"It is our hope that this virtual space can increase the visibility of educators’ efforts towards principled education, while encouraging them to exchange ideas, learn from each other, and stay up-to-date with best practices regarding open and reproducible teaching and mentoring.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-0441/c295","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/cc51d45cb2dd4562","nativeRecordCid":"1b10e199-3ef4-4e29-a0fb-3b9615e93d9d","documentId":"osft-doc-0441","id":"c295","text":"The FORRT community periodically holds open and reproducible scholarship office hours in an attempt to democratize access to open scholarship discussions to anyone in the world wishing to learn, adopt, and disseminate open and reproducible tenets.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"FORRT community","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The FORRT community periodically holds its open and reproducible scholarship “office hours” in an attempt to democratize access to open scholarship discussions to anyone in the world wishing to learn, adopt, and disseminate open and reproducible tenets.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-0441/c296","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/e6130c0b3ef54005","nativeRecordCid":"758cb568-1f96-47b7-a696-5968e7249221","documentId":"osft-doc-0441","id":"c296","text":"FORRT's open office hours are free to access and hosted online by members of the FORRT community.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"FORRT's open office hours","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"FORRT’s free to access open office hours are hosted online by members of the FORRT community.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-0441/c297","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/8a45c3f75fe24a1e","nativeRecordCid":"9a990fc4-8557-4681-ae7e-f166cb22a851","documentId":"osft-doc-0441","id":"c297","text":"FORRT aims to facilitate and encourage the transition to open and reproducible research practices by students in the early stages of their academic life.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"FORRT","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"FORRT aims to facilitate and encourage the transition to open and reproducible research practices by students in the early stages of their academic life.","representedInStars":true}
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{"key":"osft-doc-0441/c305","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/bad0acaf2795427b","nativeRecordCid":"d5aadff8-5a12-4d0b-8b88-64f5522ee0d4","documentId":"osft-doc-0441","id":"c305","text":"FORRT aims to promote the thriving of underprivileged and underrepresented students, trainees, and early-career scholars by serving as a link between willing mentors and mentees.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"FORRT","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"In an attempt to challenge existing systemic and structural barriers towards a fairer, diverse, equitable, more inclusive, and accessible academia, FORRT aims to promote the thriving of underprivileged and underrepresented students, trainees, and early-career scholars, by serving as a link between willing mentors and mentees in their engagement with academia, its several duties, as well as open and reproducible science practices.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-0441/c306","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/8ad5e8c568954f60","nativeRecordCid":"7a85fcee-fa0b-484d-b8d2-6fe485677bbd","documentId":"osft-doc-0441","id":"c306","text":"FORRT's support initiative for underprivileged and underrepresented early-career scholars works in the same way as FORRT's remote mentorship program, except that mentorship is more broadly construed to help with academic tasks beyond academic theses.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"FORRT's support initiative for early-career scholars","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"This initiative works in the same way as FORRT’s remote mentorship program with the difference that here mentorship is more broadly construed, departing from mentorship in academic theses to help with several other academic tasks (e.g., revision/feedback on application materials, grant/funding proposals, academic writing, research ideas, statistical analyses, etc).","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-0441/c307","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/594f5ebc2c1f4598","nativeRecordCid":"1b9a4b5c-0cf3-496b-866c-34e64aae3063","documentId":"osft-doc-0441","id":"c307","text":"FORRT's goal is to align the ideals of wider discourses around credibility and open science with the practices of the day-to-day work of scholars and educators.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"FORRT","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"FORRT’s goal is to align the ideals of wider discourses around credibility and open science with the practices of our day-to-day work as scholars and educators.","representedInStars":true}
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{"key":"osft-doc-0441/c315","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/ce652f36b6684cda","nativeRecordCid":"0bf60100-532d-431b-91ce-fbdaac1bebf4","documentId":"osft-doc-0441","id":"c315","text":"The TOP Guidelines, DORA, the Hong Kong Principles and other such initiatives incentivize open and reproducible research practices by providing standards for evaluating and rewarding research outcomes.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"TOP Guidelines, DORA, Hong Kong Principles","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"In addition, the TOP Guidelines, DORA, the Hong Kong Principles and other such initiatives incentivize open and reproducible research practices by providing standards for evaluating and rewarding research outcomes.","representedInStars":true}
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{"key":"osft-doc-0441/c317","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/8bc090bed6244154","nativeRecordCid":"fb481a5a-08c2-435a-a92f-d8e08c3b728c","documentId":"osft-doc-0441","id":"c317","text":"Changes to the practices of individual researchers are needed to remain up-to-date with advancements in policies and infrastructures and to meet improved standards of open, transparent, and reproducible research.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"individual researchers","subject":"practices of individual researchers","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"While journals, funders, and academic institutions put in place policies and infrastructures to improve research practices, changes to the practices of individual researchers are needed to remain up-to-date with these advancements and meet improved standards of open, transparent, and reproducible research.","representedInStars":true}
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{"key":"osft-doc-0441/c319","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/eb293e7012364673","nativeRecordCid":"85f26242-1c59-421d-b305-f503290580fb","documentId":"osft-doc-0441","id":"c319","text":"Principled research training exposes students to a more honest educational process, especially with respect to the ethical and epistemic commitments that are at the heart of the scientific enterprise.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"principled research training","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"For students, principled research training exposes them to a more honest educational process, especially with respect to the ethical and epistemic commitments that are at the heart of the scientific enterprise.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-0441/c320","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/d410a67d63c34f89","nativeRecordCid":"c728865b-934b-48af-9864-79bb9326535b","documentId":"osft-doc-0441","id":"c320","text":"A principled approach to open and reproducible methods of education generates an atmosphere of constructive curiosity and problem-solving in the classroom.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"principled approach to open/reproducible education","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"A principled approach to open and reproducible methods of education generates an atmosphere of constructive curiosity and problem-solving in the classroom.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-0441/c321","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/618d430d32614369","nativeRecordCid":"57c65c3f-5eb2-46b7-b113-5601f8bd3d7e","documentId":"osft-doc-0441","id":"c321","text":"A principled approach to open and reproducible methods of education creates first-hand practical experience in probing the production of knowledge for students.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"principled approach to open/reproducible education","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"It creates first-hand practical experience in probing the production of knowledge for students, which serves to turn them into more competent consumers and creators of science.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-0441/c322","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/cb6993e8c0eb4e26","nativeRecordCid":"24237f7e-bc4d-44cf-aeee-93badd78b221","documentId":"osft-doc-0441","id":"c322","text":"First-hand practical experience in probing the production of knowledge turns students into more competent consumers and creators of science.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"first-hand practical experience in probing knowledge production","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"It creates first-hand practical experience in probing the production of knowledge for students, which serves to turn them into more competent consumers and creators of science.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-0441/c323","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/c02b4109e6414c04","nativeRecordCid":"a965762c-8d40-461b-987b-970949345d97","documentId":"osft-doc-0441","id":"c323","text":"Bringing academic activity into greater reach for students fosters a more confident consideration of research-based options within and outside of academia in students' career planning.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"academic activity brought into greater reach for students","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"By bringing academic activity into greater reach for students it also fosters a more confident consideration of research-based options within and outside of academia in students’ career planning.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-0441/c324","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/7fe0ff09fb0e45fc","nativeRecordCid":"51fb8086-4af9-42ab-99cc-874f4bd5165b","documentId":"osft-doc-0441","id":"c324","text":"FORRT offers teachers a pedagogical entry point to better research practices for both younger and older generations.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"FORRT","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"For teachers, FORRT offers a pedagogical entry point to better research practices for both younger and older generations.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-0441/c325","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/826c8943a4324b51","nativeRecordCid":"5a642254-9cf7-4c3c-8c1b-c40f7cef2b52","documentId":"osft-doc-0441","id":"c325","text":"The multidisciplinary FORRT community and the resources it provides support the transition into and continued development of open and reproducible teaching and mentoring practices.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"multidisciplinary FORRT community and its resources","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The multidisciplinary FORRT community and the resources it provides support the transition into and continued development of open and reproducible teaching and mentoring practices (Azevedo et al., 2021).","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-0441/c326","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/d971da8fa3534481","nativeRecordCid":"5421b992-9c01-4c9e-8ffb-b7ca14e9f30c","documentId":"osft-doc-0441","id":"c326","text":"FORRT's approach to providing relevant pedagogical learning materials, tools and applied pedagogies lowers the opportunity costs for teachers to pivot towards an education centered around openness, reproducibility, and rigor.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"FORRT's approach to providing pedagogical materials","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"FORRT’s approach to providing relevant pedagogical learning materials, tools and applied pedagogies lowers the opportunity costs for teachers to pivot towards an education that is centered around openness, reproducibility, and rigor.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-0441/c327","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/c6ca1cc51ee3469d","nativeRecordCid":"ea779175-8c2e-4493-abae-101926bf3242","documentId":"osft-doc-0441","id":"c327","text":"FORRT streamlines the education pipeline by simplifying access to a curated and vetted list of resources for open and reproducible scholarship.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"FORRT","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"FORRT streamlines the education pipeline by (a) simplifying access to a curated and vetted list of resources for open and reproducible scholarship and (b) providing a platform for the curated provision of educational, research and teaching materials as well as exemplary applied pedagogies.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-0441/c328","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/c3d4b58d9be84776","nativeRecordCid":"2e03f36a-5cef-4da6-8a28-3fe0226c6792","documentId":"osft-doc-0441","id":"c328","text":"FORRT streamlines the education pipeline by providing a platform for the curated provision of educational, research and teaching materials as well as exemplary applied pedagogies.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"FORRT","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"FORRT streamlines the education pipeline by (a) simplifying access to a curated and vetted list of resources for open and reproducible scholarship and (b) providing a platform for the curated provision of educational, research and teaching materials as well as exemplary applied pedagogies.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-0441/c329","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/18e6c493ebb34bd0","nativeRecordCid":"1380a5b4-7c03-4421-a0fd-f18f1534741e","documentId":"osft-doc-0441","id":"c329","text":"FORRT aims to generate positive downstream consequences for the scientific community and society in the form of more reproducible, more robust work conducted by today's students and by researcher-teachers who use FORRT.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"FORRT","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"For the scientific community, and indeed society more broadly, FORRT aims to generate positive downstream consequences in the form of more reproducible, more robust work conducted not only by today’s students who will be tomorrow's researchers but also by the researcher-teachers who might use FORRT to become more attuned to the demands of open and reproducible research through its offerings.","representedInStars":true}
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{"key":"osft-doc-0441/c334","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/559d6cd67d014fc3","nativeRecordCid":"91c5ff52-d218-46f5-abb2-2ae42044e45f","documentId":"osft-doc-0441","id":"c334","text":"Advocacy for the use of science as a public good builds up societal capacity to prevent harmful effects that may come from mis- and disinformation.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"advocacy for the use of science as a public good","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The advocacy for the use of science as a public good builds up societal capacity to prevent harmful effects that may come from the increasing opportunities for non-experts and propagandists to sow mis- and disinformation today, including on public issues of existential importance like public health, migration, and climate change.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-0441/c335","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/cc6ba608325a4957","nativeRecordCid":"abddb8de-8dd1-4e71-a489-4dd71737ae40","documentId":"osft-doc-0441","id":"c335","text":"Public knowledge mitigates inequalities in the ability to access cutting-edge scientific outputs, including results of research studies as well as teaching and mentoring materials.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"public knowledge","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Such public knowledge also mitigates inequalities in the ability to access cutting-edge scientific outputs, including results of research studies as well as teaching and mentoring materials.","representedInStars":true}
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{"key":"osft-doc-0441/c337","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/fb880da87be74e48","nativeRecordCid":"f34a4b9a-921e-4093-b1c3-c7bbe1cf33d2","documentId":"osft-doc-0441","id":"c337","text":"By advocating for reducing inequality in access to scientific information, FORRT aims to create greater opportunities for students and the wider public, including disadvantaged groups, where previously there were fewer or none.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"FORRT","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"By advocating for reducing inequality in the access to scientific information, FORRT aims to foster the democratization of science and the creation of greater opportunities for students and the wider public, including disadvantaged groups, where previously there were fewer or even none.","representedInStars":true}
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{"key":"osft-doc-0441/c343","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/338e37ff0b04462f","nativeRecordCid":"045538f5-3e94-44f0-884f-088f33a63ce7","documentId":"osft-doc-0441","id":"c343","text":"Scholars can develop in their students the confidence to challenge outdated dogma.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"scholars","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Scholars have an opportunity and responsibility to influence their students in a meaningful way: they can broaden the horizons of their imagination, teach them how to do research independently, help them discover connections between phenomena that seem unrelated at first, and develop in them the confidence to challenge outdated dogma.","representedInStars":true}
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{"key":"osft-doc-0441/c347","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/112f4f5e2fbe4be6","nativeRecordCid":"04a8d9af-1586-405a-b2da-3e35ebce2036","documentId":"osft-doc-0441","id":"c347","text":"Open Scholarship includes all scholarly activities beyond research, such as teaching.","kind":"definitional","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"Open Scholarship","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Open Scholarship includes Open Science but also includes the humanities and other non-scientific disciplines as well as all scholarly activities beyond research, such as teaching.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-0441/c348","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/ac7081ae77234ff5","nativeRecordCid":"181b4776-ee9d-4e2a-a3dd-1435da9cbc6a","documentId":"osft-doc-0441","id":"c348","text":"The notion of principled teaching applies to the production of knowledge in general, not just to quantitative sciences.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"principled teaching","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Importantly, the notion of principled teaching is not restricted to quantitative sciences. The same tenets are applicable to the production of knowledge in general.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-0441/c349","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/2ebab096c99541ac","nativeRecordCid":"0bb0b445-f3cc-496e-9e5c-d7d5c2da8462","documentId":"osft-doc-0441","id":"c349","text":"Observational and qualitative research are contingent upon methods utilized, analytical choices, and theoretical framework.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"observational and qualitative research","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Observational and qualitative research, for example, are contingent upon methods utilized, analytical choices, and theoretical framework.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0441/c350","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/f0bc67a86b2e4c2d","nativeRecordCid":"24404570-0362-464c-bb23-4a002c941d9a","documentId":"osft-doc-0441","id":"c350","text":"Literary and language studies are also contingent upon methods utilized, analytical choices, and theoretical framework.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"literary and language studies","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"This is also true of literary and language studies (see Erasmus of Rotterdam, 1525; Queneau, 1947).","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0441/c351","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/22ec04820e694eac","nativeRecordCid":"afffa851-dfab-49f2-999d-101799b5709e","documentId":"osft-doc-0441","id":"c351","text":"The framework's clusters represent the current state of the field.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"the framework's clusters","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"These clusters represent the current state of the field, but are part of a framework which is intended to be dynamic and to be adjustable to portray—in time—the advancements of the field.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0441/c352","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/19509ca7850e4d84","nativeRecordCid":"9aefb642-6761-4b75-93e7-7d3980c84985","documentId":"osft-doc-0441","id":"c352","text":"The framework is intended to be dynamic and adjustable so as to portray the advancements of the field over time.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"the FORRT framework","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"These clusters represent the current state of the field, but are part of a framework which is intended to be dynamic and to be adjustable to portray—in time—the advancements of the field.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0446/c1","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/5b7344b2db9c42b7","nativeRecordCid":"892c8bb6-2709-4433-80b8-eb3dbe67727a","documentId":"osft-doc-0446","id":"c1","text":"Academic researchers and librarians work in a constantly changing environment.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"academic researchers and librarians","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Academic researchers and librarians work in a constantly changing environment.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-0446/c2","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/5a43049b06ee4371","nativeRecordCid":"f27a45e5-bf79-4b6c-ab3e-f6f510361577","documentId":"osft-doc-0446","id":"c2","text":"Research tools and apps are often free or inexpensive.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"research tools and apps","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The fast pace of change in networks, applications, open source environments, communication, and information science has created an environment of research tools and apps that are free or inexpensive, communicate with each other, and change old work patterns.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0446/c3","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/de16db9e11a243e4","nativeRecordCid":"68226141-b2a7-48b9-aa39-7d596d37825f","documentId":"osft-doc-0446","id":"c3","text":"Research tools and apps communicate with each other.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"research tools and apps","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The fast pace of change in networks, applications, open source environments, communication, and information science has created an environment of research tools and apps that are free or inexpensive, communicate with each other, and change old work patterns.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0446/c4","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/30c16242c4fd4066","nativeRecordCid":"ca4470df-0779-49a1-9545-40aaf787634f","documentId":"osft-doc-0446","id":"c4","text":"Research tools and apps change old work patterns.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"research tools and apps","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The fast pace of change in networks, applications, open source environments, communication, and information science has created an environment of research tools and apps that are free or inexpensive, communicate with each other, and change old work patterns.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0446/c5","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/908b0123f91147ab","nativeRecordCid":"8f2e33c8-8663-4157-998b-bb51488134c8","documentId":"osft-doc-0446","id":"c5","text":"New research tools compete with traditional library tools.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"new research tools","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"These new tools compete with or sit on top of traditional library tools.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0446/c6","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/13355bb40dce4468","nativeRecordCid":"8b342ad5-8b11-49c2-a58a-141ba6098e4f","documentId":"osft-doc-0446","id":"c6","text":"New research tools sit on top of traditional library tools.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"new research tools","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"These new tools compete with or sit on top of traditional library tools.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0446/c7","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/98642fdfe31b4440","nativeRecordCid":"da361c79-b96c-471d-a016-0743f153f1bb","documentId":"osft-doc-0446","id":"c7","text":"Researchers do not have to go through the library to access research tools, unlike journal subscriptions.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"researchers","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Since researchers don’t have to go through the library, like they do with journal subscriptions, librarians usually don’t know which tools their patrons are using.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0446/c8","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/b2cd2feea8f44b70","nativeRecordCid":"d08268b9-930b-4dad-b0d8-46f65e8a55d1","documentId":"osft-doc-0446","id":"c8","text":"Librarians usually do not know which tools their patrons are using.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"librarians","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Since researchers don’t have to go through the library, like they do with journal subscriptions, librarians usually don’t know which tools their patrons are using.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0446/c9","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/ef4f74c573934d9f","nativeRecordCid":"553e28c0-b96e-465a-be24-1cb44090a7b3","documentId":"osft-doc-0446","id":"c9","text":"Librarians can use quantitative information about tool use to learn how to use the tools themselves.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"librarians","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Librarians can use that quantitative information to provide the best possible service by\nLearning how to use the tools themselves\nMaking sure library resources work with the tools\nDetermining if there’s enough local use to pay for institutional subscriptions","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0446/c10","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/965099157a9b4ac3","nativeRecordCid":"cd0b289d-f646-4aac-8c70-569f576c70e1","documentId":"osft-doc-0446","id":"c10","text":"Librarians can use quantitative information about tool use to make sure library resources work with the tools.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"librarians","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Librarians can use that quantitative information to provide the best possible service by\nLearning how to use the tools themselves\nMaking sure library resources work with the tools\nDetermining if there’s enough local use to pay for institutional subscriptions","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0446/c11","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/0f1cc4576fd14e3b","nativeRecordCid":"8af91dd3-7caf-402c-bc7a-6c6694c1aa84","documentId":"osft-doc-0446","id":"c11","text":"Librarians can use quantitative information about tool use to determine if there is enough local use to justify paying for institutional subscriptions.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"librarians","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Librarians can use that quantitative information to provide the best possible service by\nLearning how to use the tools themselves\nMaking sure library resources work with the tools\nDetermining if there’s enough local use to pay for institutional subscriptions","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0446/c12","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/fc85b9110f46403e","nativeRecordCid":"a4b07387-f233-4b28-a126-c589131c826a","documentId":"osft-doc-0446","id":"c12","text":"Students in the sciences publish earlier than students in the social sciences and humanities.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"students in the sciences","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The STEM-oriented disciplines range from 29% - 34%, indicating that students in the sciences publish earlier than students in the social sciences and humanities.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0446/c13","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/4ecb3e1d4a3c4f0e","nativeRecordCid":"7619781f-1702-446a-8d9c-c231f823a0fe","documentId":"osft-doc-0446","id":"c13","text":"JHU researchers are focused primarily on sharing data notebooks, protocols, and workflows with their own workgroups rather than the larger scientific community.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"JHU researchers","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Given the write-in responses and their popularity, it looks as if JHU researchers are still focused primarily on sharing data notebooks, protocols, and workflows with their workgroups, not the larger scientific community.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0446/c14","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/f15e143e16fd4495","nativeRecordCid":"738e9541-a4d4-4361-a260-c4d3800053d9","documentId":"osft-doc-0446","id":"c14","text":"Academic Liaisons see a variety of questions about reference management tools from patrons.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"academic liaisons","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"This reflects the variety of questions about reference management tool that Academic Liaisons see from our patrons.","representedInStars":false}
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{"key":"osft-doc-0446/c24","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/94cd9d76180c4a83","nativeRecordCid":"6325ac0a-6038-4afa-bf78-985ae0786e1b","documentId":"osft-doc-0446","id":"c24","text":"Adoption of newer research tools is happening among JHU researchers.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"adoption of newer tools","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Adoption of newer tools is happening; liaisons need to be aware of this.","representedInStars":false}
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{"key":"osft-doc-0446/c29","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/0db32060e5874a4a","nativeRecordCid":"c2ef1973-c8be-46fc-ade2-61caa6121ef4","documentId":"osft-doc-0446","id":"c29","text":"Researchers are primarily interested in maintaining a researcher profile for outreach.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"researchers","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Researchers want to do outreach; they are primarily interested in a researcher profile.","representedInStars":false}
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{"key":"osft-doc-0460/c1","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/f0fdf50261524887","nativeRecordCid":"8b200539-b75a-4fa5-b179-1232c71848ee","documentId":"osft-doc-0460","id":"c1","text":"The FAIR data principles were applied to Pandemic PACT tracks by ensuring that the metadata and data schema remain dynamic and up-to-date with the main PACT schema or Dictionary.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"Pandemic PACT metadata and data schema","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The FAIR data principles were applied to Pandemic PACT tracks by ensuring that the metadata and data schema remain dynamic and up-to-date with the main PACT schema or Dictionary.","representedInStars":false}
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{"key":"osft-doc-0460/c8","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/5475827cbcfc42fb","nativeRecordCid":"6b10c4d9-8ef1-4982-8da7-1984c5289bb8","documentId":"osft-doc-0460","id":"c8","text":"The Pandemic PACT metadata schema is available in a user-friendly format on the Figshare repository.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"Pandemic PACT metadata schema","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The metadata schema, pivotal in structuring our data to align with the FAIR principles, is available in a user-friendly format on our Figshare repository.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0460/c9","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/ed1df1f797334e2e","nativeRecordCid":"fc2978be-f587-4731-9b32-ef8bdaa2bd1c","documentId":"osft-doc-0460","id":"c9","text":"All Pandemic PACT datasets and metadata are assigned unique and persistent identifiers, ensuring they can be easily located.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"Pandemic PACT datasets and metadata","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Findable: All datasets and metadata are assigned unique and persistent identifiers, ensuring they can be easily located.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0460/c10","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/b50a83e6e8ce4eda","nativeRecordCid":"4f26c9de-4ec5-43b8-9785-bc6f0c4b2b3d","documentId":"osft-doc-0460","id":"c10","text":"Pandemic PACT data is stored in accessible repositories, ensuring that it can be retrieved using standard protocols.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"Pandemic PACT data","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Accessible: Data is stored in accessible repositories, ensuring that it can be retrieved using standard protocols.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0460/c11","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/a9756e1ff3304d8a","nativeRecordCid":"8c1a45a2-001c-46be-9bed-05ce466d2ef9","documentId":"osft-doc-0460","id":"c11","text":"Pandemic PACT data and metadata use standardized formats and vocabularies, facilitating integration with other datasets.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"Pandemic PACT data and metadata","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Interoperable: Data and metadata use standardized formats and vocabularies, facilitating integration with other datasets.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0460/c12","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/4bb7f58338f24902","nativeRecordCid":"b35cdbdf-ce88-4a46-8f78-8b7b016fe1cb","documentId":"osft-doc-0460","id":"c12","text":"Pandemic PACT data is provided with clear usage licenses and detailed provenance information, ensuring it can be reused in various contexts.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"Pandemic PACT data","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Reusable: Data is provided with clear usage licenses and detailed provenance information, ensuring it can be reused in various contexts.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0460/c13","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/56b9d428cbaa46bf","nativeRecordCid":"997d6419-822d-43fb-ad1c-e6e8c8c5059a","documentId":"osft-doc-0460","id":"c13","text":"Pandemic PACT tracks and analyzes global funding and evidence for research on diseases with pandemic potential and broader research preparedness.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"Pandemic PACT","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Pandemic PACT tracks and analyzes global funding and evidence for research on diseases with pandemic potential and broader research preparedness.","representedInStars":false}
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{"key":"osft-doc-0460/c15","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/e87f76d91bca406e","nativeRecordCid":"a06ccb4d-3d96-4783-bd0c-5886343ad33f","documentId":"osft-doc-0460","id":"c15","text":"Pandemic PACT aims to inform policy and decision-making by research funders, policymakers, researchers, multilateral agencies, and other data aggregators or tools.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"Pandemic PACT","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Embedded within the GloPID-R Research and Policy team at the University of Oxford Pandemic Sciences Institute, Pandemic PACT aims to inform policy and decision-making by research funders, policymakers, researchers, multilateral agencies, and other data aggregators or tools.","representedInStars":false}
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{"key":"osft-doc-0460/c23","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/c0086c4653da4f44","nativeRecordCid":"675476a4-29ed-445e-955b-563b7a6ac85f","documentId":"osft-doc-0460","id":"c23","text":"Pandemic PACT is a global research funding database.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"Pandemic PACT","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"a global research funding database committed to responsible data stewardship","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0460/c24","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/0d81e9c2cad14597","nativeRecordCid":"a4249b7e-1212-4482-b645-5e0f43644b38","documentId":"osft-doc-0460","id":"c24","text":"Pandemic PACT is committed to responsible data stewardship.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"Pandemic PACT","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"a global research funding database committed to responsible data stewardship","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0484/c1","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/52a62965a6184454","nativeRecordCid":"6b863b9a-86ad-4121-bb3c-fefdd6db8963","documentId":"osft-doc-0484","id":"c1","text":"An open source approach to drug discovery and development has the potential advantage of improved efficiency.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"open source approach","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"There are many potential advantages of an open source approach, such as improved efficiency, the quality and relevance of the research, and wider participation by the scientific and patient communities; a blend of traditional and innovative financing mechanisms will have to be adopted.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0484/c2","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/ed266625856b4efe","nativeRecordCid":"331d1427-400d-4cde-ae76-48612fd798a5","documentId":"osft-doc-0484","id":"c2","text":"An open source approach to drug discovery and development has the potential advantage of improving the quality and relevance of the research.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"open source approach","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"There are many potential advantages of an open source approach, such as improved efficiency, the quality and relevance of the research, and wider participation by the scientific and patient communities; a blend of traditional and innovative financing mechanisms will have to be adopted.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0484/c3","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/bcbcba84b4604269","nativeRecordCid":"bc64ce32-3ae8-489f-b5d5-3aa844d98d98","documentId":"osft-doc-0484","id":"c3","text":"An open source approach to drug discovery and development has the potential advantage of wider participation by the scientific and patient communities.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"open source approach","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"There are many potential advantages of an open source approach, such as improved efficiency, the quality and relevance of the research, and wider participation by the scientific and patient communities; a blend of traditional and innovative financing mechanisms will have to be adopted.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0484/c4","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/75612634825a4919","nativeRecordCid":"35e5f569-254d-4aea-8c01-cc0fb9def0b5","documentId":"osft-doc-0484","id":"c4","text":"A blend of traditional and innovative financing mechanisms must be adopted for an open source approach to drug development.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"","subject":"financing mechanisms for open source drug development","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"There are many potential advantages of an open source approach, such as improved efficiency, the quality and relevance of the research, and wider participation by the scientific and patient communities; a blend of traditional and innovative financing mechanisms will have to be adopted.","representedInStars":false}
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{"key":"osft-doc-0484/c10","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/c8ed0a4e6a504c06","nativeRecordCid":"0a6491e5-a24b-4d31-a266-c67a65d363be","documentId":"osft-doc-0484","id":"c10","text":"Drug development is challenged by a decrease in efficiency per research dollar spent in medicinal product research and development.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"drug development","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"However, drug development is challenged by a widening gap between health needs and the pharmaceutical industry’s motives and business model, alongside a decrease in efficiency per research dollar spent in medicinal product research and development (R&D), a trend known colloquially as Eroom’s Law","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0484/c11","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/9318d9e466ff465c","nativeRecordCid":"312780b1-f9d3-400b-9f7a-fc07f04e09c7","documentId":"osft-doc-0484","id":"c11","text":"Fundamental challenges in drug development result in frequent high-level calls for new initiatives to develop therapeutics and bring them to market.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"fundamental challenges in drug development","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Such fundamental challenges result in frequent high-level calls for new initiatives to develop therapeutics and bring them to market","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0484/c12","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/3dfd6ccd05294ae0","nativeRecordCid":"a9cf25c4-aabd-4a88-8c68-b5dae4bee93d","documentId":"osft-doc-0484","id":"c12","text":"New organizational models such as public-private partnerships have emerged in drug development.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"organizational models in drug development","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"New organizational models have also emerged, including public–private partnerships (PPPs)","representedInStars":false}
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{"key":"osft-doc-0484/c14","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/a81026bb3a4445da","nativeRecordCid":"edff0b2d-46d0-46f9-9aa4-f32e72b67c1d","documentId":"osft-doc-0484","id":"c14","text":"Not-for-profit product development partnerships often apply a full \"de-linkage\" model in which the price of medicines and the cost of R&D are uncoupled.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"product development partnerships","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"that often apply a full “de-linkage” model in which the price of medicines and the cost of R&D are uncoupled","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0484/c15","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/6e1a4355b8c44205","nativeRecordCid":"f15c1921-146b-44d7-863a-c0908d4aba86","documentId":"osft-doc-0484","id":"c15","text":"Open source pharma is an approach that has been suggested but not yet fully evaluated.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"open source pharma","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"An approach that has been suggested [\n8\n] but not yet fully evaluated is open source pharma.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0484/c16","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/b19b9a448f084b0b","nativeRecordCid":"fdc8a5fa-dbae-40b8-ad00-4ccd37f2538c","documentId":"osft-doc-0484","id":"c16","text":"\"Open source\" refers to radically transparent working practices pioneered in software development.","kind":"definitional","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"open source","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The term “open source” (OS) refers to radically transparent working practices pioneered in software development, such as the prepublication sharing of data and ideas, the possibility of participation in a project by anyone in real time, and a form of shared ownership that ensures that the underlying methods and data are public domain.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0484/c17","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/770166fb3c704b2e","nativeRecordCid":"25852326-83ee-4c9b-9343-0d6176105e47","documentId":"osft-doc-0484","id":"c17","text":"Open source working practices include the prepublication sharing of data and ideas.","kind":"definitional","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"open source","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The term “open source” (OS) refers to radically transparent working practices pioneered in software development, such as the prepublication sharing of data and ideas, the possibility of participation in a project by anyone in real time, and a form of shared ownership that ensures that the underlying methods and data are public domain.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0484/c18","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/72be479d6f5542eb","nativeRecordCid":"994373aa-e4ef-4a6e-894c-308479fca9db","documentId":"osft-doc-0484","id":"c18","text":"Open source working practices include the possibility of participation in a project by anyone in real time.","kind":"definitional","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"open source","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The term “open source” (OS) refers to radically transparent working practices pioneered in software development, such as the prepublication sharing of data and ideas, the possibility of participation in a project by anyone in real time, and a form of shared ownership that ensures that the underlying methods and data are public domain.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0484/c19","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/3a94db3ba3664d8b","nativeRecordCid":"5365f244-7f8e-4496-8482-b63bd08739a2","documentId":"osft-doc-0484","id":"c19","text":"Open source working practices include a form of shared ownership that ensures the underlying methods and data are public domain.","kind":"definitional","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"open source","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The term “open source” (OS) refers to radically transparent working practices pioneered in software development, such as the prepublication sharing of data and ideas, the possibility of participation in a project by anyone in real time, and a form of shared ownership that ensures that the underlying methods and data are public domain.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0484/c20","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/e8e66906ae9644fb","nativeRecordCid":"04e0a496-122f-4f25-aef8-a68d88e06216","documentId":"osft-doc-0484","id":"c20","text":"In open source pharma, open source principles are applied from the discovery of a potential medicine through to its entry into the market.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"open source pharma","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"In OS pharma, such principles would be applied from the discovery of a potential medicine through to its entry into the market; the impact of this, and the ease with which such principles can be applied, will vary at each stage of the process.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0484/c21","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/1c293093f1274e57","nativeRecordCid":"afbfe40b-7ae1-4d11-aa55-911c2f211844","documentId":"osft-doc-0484","id":"c21","text":"The impact of applying open source principles in drug development varies at each stage of the process.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"open source principles in drug development","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"In OS pharma, such principles would be applied from the discovery of a potential medicine through to its entry into the market; the impact of this, and the ease with which such principles can be applied, will vary at each stage of the process.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0484/c22","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/4e02cda88c7c4ad8","nativeRecordCid":"597c452c-9254-4642-b257-46f8a3d9a6ba","documentId":"osft-doc-0484","id":"c22","text":"The ease with which open source principles can be applied in drug development varies at each stage of the process.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"open source principles in drug development","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"In OS pharma, such principles would be applied from the discovery of a potential medicine through to its entry into the market; the impact of this, and the ease with which such principles can be applied, will vary at each stage of the process.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0484/c23","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/8dfe2437c048411a","nativeRecordCid":"c18ab6ac-76e0-40e2-8c2f-862dc5e457a0","documentId":"osft-doc-0484","id":"c23","text":"Open source (OS) is distinct from open innovation (OI).","kind":"definitional","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"open source versus open innovation","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"OS must be distinguished from “open innovation” (OI), a term used widely in the pharmaceutical industry","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0484/c24","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/87b2b106819a4dec","nativeRecordCid":"6bba4f92-0dfe-4f23-9357-0c7284dfec78","documentId":"osft-doc-0484","id":"c24","text":"Open source and open innovation are both characterized by a flow of ideas between problem owners and solvers.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"open source and open innovation","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Both are characterized by a flow of ideas between problem owners and solvers, and both therefore harness the potential of unexpected contributions.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0484/c25","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/9a108d685f2b4ea4","nativeRecordCid":"58fc7f45-048a-47e4-87ee-d0cff30f6360","documentId":"osft-doc-0484","id":"c25","text":"Open source and open innovation both harness the potential of unexpected contributions.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"open source and open innovation","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Both are characterized by a flow of ideas between problem owners and solvers, and both therefore harness the potential of unexpected contributions.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0484/c26","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/df81d50850164f0a","nativeRecordCid":"4339b0e7-4bdd-4d3d-a3b7-2e2f417e7aee","documentId":"osft-doc-0484","id":"c26","text":"In a typical open innovation initiative, the research problem is public domain while the research solutions are subject to the usual structures of walled competition.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"open innovation","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"In a typical OI initiative, it is the research problem that is public domain, while research solutions are subject to the usual structures of walled competition.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0484/c27","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/295dfbb1fbf645e5","nativeRecordCid":"6f47684f-8e1e-406b-88be-9262591cd915","documentId":"osft-doc-0484","id":"c27","text":"In open source, the problem and all potential solutions are public domain.","kind":"definitional","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"open source","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"In OS, the problem and all potential solutions are public domain.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0484/c28","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/c7521af4a2fe459e","nativeRecordCid":"3f518ded-c822-4eb6-a4ba-21a36d6d4894","documentId":"osft-doc-0484","id":"c28","text":"Open source brings the greatest possible community involvement.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"open source","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"OS brings the greatest possible community involvement, but the transparency brings economic uncertainty in how to exploit the solutions.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0484/c29","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/405164ad5db34f30","nativeRecordCid":"96ffa67a-0705-4497-8b18-89eba659b740","documentId":"osft-doc-0484","id":"c29","text":"The transparency of open source brings economic uncertainty in how to exploit the solutions.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"open source transparency","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"OS brings the greatest possible community involvement, but the transparency brings economic uncertainty in how to exploit the solutions.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0484/c30","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/1a7e2d66bcdd431d","nativeRecordCid":"891c13e0-0166-421f-8d7e-d75c3ace89b6","documentId":"osft-doc-0484","id":"c30","text":"The underlying financial and legal structures of the pharmaceutical industry are designed for use by profit-making entities in ways that rely on monopolies, usually through patents.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"pharmaceutical industry financial and legal structures","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The underlying financial and legal structures of the pharmaceutical industry are designed for use by profit-making entities in ways that rely on monopolies, usually through patents.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0484/c31","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/f2cd4b33194b4a71","nativeRecordCid":"c513987a-f0d8-49ce-8637-9c688c5a2d49","documentId":"osft-doc-0484","id":"c31","text":"The requirement for a financial return causes the current drug development system to follow priorities that can be misaligned with the greatest public health needs.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"current drug development system","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The requirement for a financial return causes the current system to follow priorities that can be misaligned with the greatest public health needs.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0484/c32","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/a64973e69d864369","nativeRecordCid":"f72838e5-79b4-404b-a912-ecd893dca3e8","documentId":"osft-doc-0484","id":"c32","text":"The requirement for secrecy inevitably reduces the efficiency of scientific research.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"requirement for secrecy","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The requirement for secrecy inevitably reduces the efficiency of the scientific research.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0484/c33","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/5ef1517c167647c2","nativeRecordCid":"6689800b-58c5-4c4e-8416-2e8b317a47b0","documentId":"osft-doc-0484","id":"c33","text":"The transparency at the heart of open source is fundamentally incompatible with traditional approaches to drug discovery and development.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"open source transparency","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The transparency at the heart of OS is thus fundamentally incompatible with traditional approaches to drug discovery and development.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0484/c34","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/01610332527d4617","nativeRecordCid":"dde247c7-9a6c-45c6-9c89-c82abeba4960","documentId":"osft-doc-0484","id":"c34","text":"The involvement of the pharma industry in consortia addressing neglected or tropical diseases ensures that a similar walled approach is usually taken even for diseases traditionally considered to yield a low return on investment.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"pharma industry involvement in disease consortia","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The involvement of the pharma industry in consortia that address neglected or tropical diseases (e.g., the Tuberculosis Drug Accelerator, which is invitation only and has no commitment to open data) ensures that a similar walled approach is usually taken even for diseases traditionally considered to yield a low return on investment.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0484/c35","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/c66c035325314069","nativeRecordCid":"6c77db25-3adf-4009-a4da-1a3cae603b35","documentId":"osft-doc-0484","id":"c35","text":"Open source working practices are well established in some areas of software development.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"open source working practices","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Thus, while OS working practices are well established in some areas of software development and have a growing impact in increasing the efficiency of basic science, they have not yet been broadly applied in medical product R&D, either in academia or industry","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0484/c36","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/1794cd9d95ac467a","nativeRecordCid":"73195c4b-34e9-4f68-b632-936f8f5710e3","documentId":"osft-doc-0484","id":"c36","text":"Open source working practices have a growing impact in increasing the efficiency of basic science.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"open source working practices","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Thus, while OS working practices are well established in some areas of software development and have a growing impact in increasing the efficiency of basic science, they have not yet been broadly applied in medical product R&D, either in academia or industry","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0484/c37","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/42d53d08a3c34578","nativeRecordCid":"4ec5471d-79b1-4e14-a899-0b00efd2f73a","documentId":"osft-doc-0484","id":"c37","text":"Open source working practices have not yet been broadly applied in medical product R&D, either in academia or industry.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"open source working practices","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Thus, while OS working practices are well established in some areas of software development and have a growing impact in increasing the efficiency of basic science, they have not yet been broadly applied in medical product R&D, either in academia or industry","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0484/c38","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/e4ab8322a0c24c7f","nativeRecordCid":"6f0fe764-af98-45a0-b36f-142fc80abadb","documentId":"osft-doc-0484","id":"c38","text":"Open source is a core set of principles defining a way of working that can be applied quite broadly.","kind":"definitional","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"open source","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Yet, this is to obfuscate the more important point: OS is a core set of principles (defining a way of working) that can be applied quite broadly.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0484/c39","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/559ab80bd17045f2","nativeRecordCid":"ff328f18-0307-46fd-b79e-56630f94524c","documentId":"osft-doc-0484","id":"c39","text":"Open source methods are a promising, yet largely untested, way to increase the efficiency of the research process.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"open source methods","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"We propose that OS methods are a promising, yet largely untested, way to (1) increase the efficiency of the research process and (2) realign R&D to address the most pressing public health problems as opposed to the most promising market opportunities.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0484/c40","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/9e95563aa0324f09","nativeRecordCid":"70257f04-e0cb-4282-93f3-d8f02fdf625f","documentId":"osft-doc-0484","id":"c40","text":"Open source methods are a promising, yet largely untested, way to realign R&D to address the most pressing public health problems as opposed to the most promising market opportunities.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"open source methods","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"We propose that OS methods are a promising, yet largely untested, way to (1) increase the efficiency of the research process and (2) realign R&D to address the most pressing public health problems as opposed to the most promising market opportunities.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0484/c41","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/7c86d31f497f46ca","nativeRecordCid":"0b5731a1-3f8e-4cdb-a63f-3b8f8aa93498","documentId":"osft-doc-0484","id":"c41","text":"The main disadvantage of open source methods is the uncertainty as to how they can be financed, due to the lack of a precedent.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"open source methods","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The main disadvantage of OS is the uncertainty as to how it can be financed, due to the lack of a precedent.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0484/c42","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/f88e6d03683244de","nativeRecordCid":"b5e1bc66-bbb4-4363-8b3a-87c85b209d24","documentId":"osft-doc-0484","id":"c42","text":"Approaches to financing open source methods can be refined as more projects are developed following open source principles and experience accumulates.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"financing of open source methods","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"We foresee that approaches can be refined as more projects are developed following these principles and experience accumulates.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0484/c43","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/cc295cccdb7b433f","nativeRecordCid":"4c2bd379-0c94-4fa0-a327-d2baed99d38a","documentId":"osft-doc-0484","id":"c43","text":"Medical R&D should respond to specific priority health needs.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"","subject":"medical R&D","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Medical R&D should respond to specific priority health needs.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0484/c44","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/54821cbd58d04a3a","nativeRecordCid":"53b53b8c-9cd0-49a0-8bed-887be2730c1d","documentId":"osft-doc-0484","id":"c44","text":"Opening up the R&D process to a wide range of contributors and stakeholders will allow the design of medicines that are better adapted to the needs of end users.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"opening up the R&D process","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Opening up the R&D process to a wide range of contributors and stakeholders will allow the design of medicines that are better adapted to the needs of the end users, and will define the preferred product characteristics (PPCs) and target product profile (TPP) that will guide all the phases of product development.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0484/c45","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/f0d1e91682814990","nativeRecordCid":"87b1ee13-8990-437b-b41e-6e51dbc1aef3","documentId":"osft-doc-0484","id":"c45","text":"Opening up the R&D process to a wide range of contributors and stakeholders will define the preferred product characteristics and target product profile that will guide all phases of product development.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"opening up the R&D process","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Opening up the R&D process to a wide range of contributors and stakeholders will allow the design of medicines that are better adapted to the needs of the end users, and will define the preferred product characteristics (PPCs) and target product profile (TPP) that will guide all the phases of product development.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0484/c46","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/b21c59eab8a74719","nativeRecordCid":"304e0f1e-d163-4d78-bd95-8b213ac6a8c3","documentId":"osft-doc-0484","id":"c46","text":"In open source, there are no insiders.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"open source","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"In OS, there are no insiders, meaning that strategic decisions may be made through informed community debate against the agreed-upon TPP.","representedInStars":false}
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{"key":"osft-doc-0484/c50","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/777ea00700d9492c","nativeRecordCid":"226510d5-a39e-40f2-b1ab-4ce48263bf03","documentId":"osft-doc-0484","id":"c50","text":"The broader community is involved in establishing the criteria that will be applied for making stop/go decisions.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"broader community in open source pharma","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The broader community is thus involved in designing how a product will be developed, defining the studies that will be done, and establishing the criteria that will be applied for making stop/go decisions.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0484/c51","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/0524655a7218402d","nativeRecordCid":"326cd68c-537f-49bc-864a-d6c80dae8a46","documentId":"osft-doc-0484","id":"c51","text":"Investments are needed to build online communities and platforms that help groups collaborate effectively.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"","subject":"investments in online communities and platforms","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"In order to achieve this, investments are needed to build online communities and platforms that help groups collaborate effectively.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0484/c52","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/a26f46fc63004a05","nativeRecordCid":"406c347e-7e9f-42e6-9796-847cbaa04835","documentId":"osft-doc-0484","id":"c52","text":"There is a clear argument for an open community approach in the early stages of drug discovery, involving compound screening and analog synthesis.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"early stages of drug discovery","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"In the early stages of drug discovery, involving compound screening and analog synthesis, there is a clear argument for an open community approach.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0484/c53","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/1d54c97c15574a21","nativeRecordCid":"620f211d-7fde-4b29-8046-d28b58fa39ec","documentId":"osft-doc-0484","id":"c53","text":"Project objectives in open source drug discovery can be tackled by any interested researcher or institution.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"open source project objectives","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Project objectives can be tackled by any interested researcher or institution, and certain research problems would be amenable to solution by crowdsourcing from large student cohorts, for example.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0484/c54","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/a5c745324e7b4a77","nativeRecordCid":"27ba793f-96aa-4ed8-b295-2aff01e298e9","documentId":"osft-doc-0484","id":"c54","text":"Certain research problems would be amenable to solution by crowdsourcing from large student cohorts.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"research problems in open source drug discovery","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Project objectives can be tackled by any interested researcher or institution, and certain research problems would be amenable to solution by crowdsourcing from large student cohorts, for example.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0484/c55","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/d178120269b342e2","nativeRecordCid":"324b9bee-7111-4554-a02d-09846cdec757","documentId":"osft-doc-0484","id":"c55","text":"Incentives to participate in open source drug discovery rely on a mixture of selfless and selfish motives that are compatible with both academia and industry.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"incentives to participate in open source drug discovery","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Incentives to participate will rely on a mixture of selfless (improving a public good) and selfish (publication authorship and community acclaim) motives that are compatible with both academia and industry, where such activities could be formally sanctioned (e.g., crowdsourced undergraduate lab classes, and strategic or pro bono industry contributions) or carried out informally (e.g., strategic advice, honest brokership, and student mentorship).","representedInStars":false}
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{"key":"osft-doc-0484/c57","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/20f4ac92ddc5403e","nativeRecordCid":"1f4a396a-c05f-4ea8-b8f2-057894f07923","documentId":"osft-doc-0484","id":"c57","text":"There is great potential for greater transparency in the earlier stages of drug discovery.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"earlier stages of drug discovery","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"There is a great and acknowledged potential for greater transparency in these earlier stages, which, while often termed “pre-competitive,” are nonetheless traditionally secretive.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0484/c58","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/b3f43b5666eb4eb5","nativeRecordCid":"4f4ce07b-3ee9-47c6-93bd-100d5de53338","documentId":"osft-doc-0484","id":"c58","text":"The earlier stages of drug discovery, while often termed \"pre-competitive,\" are traditionally secretive.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"earlier stages of drug discovery","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"There is a great and acknowledged potential for greater transparency in these earlier stages, which, while often termed “pre-competitive,” are nonetheless traditionally secretive.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0484/c59","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/70dc06afb7054ab7","nativeRecordCid":"379aae20-cd1e-4f35-9050-d2b0124fba61","documentId":"osft-doc-0484","id":"c59","text":"As a candidate compound moves through drug development, the stakes are raised.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"candidate compound development","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"As a candidate compound moves through development, the stakes are raised, and data become more complex and expensive to generate.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0484/c60","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/d16321ca9338497d","nativeRecordCid":"708c08ed-5b05-4ddc-b4ce-3f59b34891b5","documentId":"osft-doc-0484","id":"c60","text":"As a candidate compound moves through drug development, data become more complex and expensive to generate.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"candidate compound development","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"As a candidate compound moves through development, the stakes are raised, and data become more complex and expensive to generate.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0484/c61","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/0ff01cf39773493d","nativeRecordCid":"7021cf0c-9a91-41e3-bdb3-20ac6b3b1150","documentId":"osft-doc-0484","id":"c61","text":"Broad stakeholder involvement has the potential to design clinical trials that are better fit for purpose because they include the views and requirements of both patients and health providers as to key outcome measures.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"broad stakeholder involvement","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The OS approach offers a number of advantages: broad stakeholder involvement has the potential to design trials that are better fit for purpose, as they include the views and requirements of both patients and health providers as to the key outcome measures, and enjoy contributions to study design and analysis by a range of experts in the field","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0484/c62","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/69eb3c4069f94c6e","nativeRecordCid":"5d75baa1-ab50-4a42-b5ef-1b060702246a","documentId":"osft-doc-0484","id":"c62","text":"Broad stakeholder involvement enables contributions to study design and analysis by a range of experts in the field.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"broad stakeholder involvement","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The OS approach offers a number of advantages: broad stakeholder involvement has the potential to design trials that are better fit for purpose, as they include the views and requirements of both patients and health providers as to the key outcome measures, and enjoy contributions to study design and analysis by a range of experts in the field","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0484/c63","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/38cdeefd3dab46eb","nativeRecordCid":"8cb17f79-da3c-47b2-bc08-2ea6c75426b6","documentId":"osft-doc-0484","id":"c63","text":"Community leaders of an open source endeavor must act as ultimate decision makers when a broad range of opinions are expressed or inputs received.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"community leaders of an open source endeavor","subject":"community leaders of open source endeavors","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Clearly, there is an important responsibility borne by the community leaders of any OS endeavor to act as ultimate decision makers (“benign dictators” in software parlance) when a broad range of opinions are expressed or inputs received.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0484/c64","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/e6634e03559d49db","nativeRecordCid":"51c77700-a0fa-4b2a-a756-80476bb579c9","documentId":"osft-doc-0484","id":"c64","text":"Data generated in an open source drug development process must be made available in a timely fashion.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"","subject":"data generated in open source drug development","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"As data are generated, there is a public-health imperative to make these data available in a timely fashion","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0484/c65","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/d79db422c6c84606","nativeRecordCid":"8b65e442-01c6-484f-9799-ecb78fb0c699","documentId":"osft-doc-0484","id":"c65","text":"The continual process of transparent, unrestricted peer review of data central to open source produces outcomes that may ultimately be more robust.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"open source peer review of data","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The continual process of transparent, unrestricted peer review of data at the heart of OS produces outcomes that may ultimately be more robust.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0484/c66","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/ed0fcfaa2a674276","nativeRecordCid":"4262c641-f458-461c-8f1b-1dea4a2b0478","documentId":"osft-doc-0484","id":"c66","text":"Examples of different models for sharing clinical data have started to accumulate.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"models for sharing clinical data","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Examples of different models whereby clinical data are being shared have started to accumulate","representedInStars":false}
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{"key":"osft-doc-0484/c68","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/89649176c2714c22","nativeRecordCid":"2a92f5f1-ad7b-44c2-adb0-836c7223957c","documentId":"osft-doc-0484","id":"c68","text":"Transparency helps to ensure that clinical research meets all current ethical criteria.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"transparency in clinical research","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Transparency will help to ensure that the clinical research meets all current ethical criteria and that the appropriate standards are not compromised by any push to reduce costs.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0484/c69","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/1aa2fceba0654d6d","nativeRecordCid":"376e2504-b3cb-4343-9629-0a37bbbef26f","documentId":"osft-doc-0484","id":"c69","text":"Transparency helps to ensure that appropriate standards are not compromised by any push to reduce costs.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"transparency in clinical research","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Transparency will help to ensure that the clinical research meets all current ethical criteria and that the appropriate standards are not compromised by any push to reduce costs.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0484/c70","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/0db17c7dbd9a46f3","nativeRecordCid":"a26c2563-2cef-42e2-a7eb-442e1419bd7c","documentId":"osft-doc-0484","id":"c70","text":"Open source could be particularly productive in drug repurposing.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"open source in drug repurposing","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"An area in which OS could be particularly productive is drug repurposing, whereby existing drugs or candidates are found to have potential for the treatment of another disease and for which there exists a significant amount of preclinical and possibly clinical data; this is a strategy of interest for the recent Zika outbreak","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0484/c71","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/57a78d27685142a3","nativeRecordCid":"d9d7d4ec-ec8f-4a73-9988-739b15b06299","documentId":"osft-doc-0484","id":"c71","text":"Drug repurposing refers to existing drugs or candidates being found to have potential for the treatment of another disease for which there exists a significant amount of preclinical and possibly clinical data.","kind":"definitional","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"drug repurposing","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"An area in which OS could be particularly productive is drug repurposing, whereby existing drugs or candidates are found to have potential for the treatment of another disease and for which there exists a significant amount of preclinical and possibly clinical data; this is a strategy of interest for the recent Zika outbreak","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0484/c72","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/71895fd8e03449d8","nativeRecordCid":"984760e5-6fdd-48fb-8bf3-6c34ebe2eeb8","documentId":"osft-doc-0484","id":"c72","text":"If drug repurposing information is shared, R&D risks for the new indication would be significantly reduced.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"drug repurposing information sharing","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Should this information be shared, R&D risks, time, and costs for the new indication would be significantly reduced.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0484/c73","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/825e8ef7eb57464b","nativeRecordCid":"3ce0acbd-5ec7-4e1f-b6f7-002cd658d291","documentId":"osft-doc-0484","id":"c73","text":"If drug repurposing information is shared, R&D time for the new indication would be significantly reduced.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"drug repurposing information sharing","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Should this information be shared, R&D risks, time, and costs for the new indication would be significantly reduced.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0484/c74","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/7e96a965d1424bc6","nativeRecordCid":"8e93232f-b9fe-494d-85fb-73011371af2d","documentId":"osft-doc-0484","id":"c74","text":"If drug repurposing information is shared, R&D costs for the new indication would be significantly reduced.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"drug repurposing information sharing","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Should this information be shared, R&D risks, time, and costs for the new indication would be significantly reduced.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0484/c75","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/38f7b47e91ee4462","nativeRecordCid":"34e518f4-868e-4607-b43f-937978833fa8","documentId":"osft-doc-0484","id":"c75","text":"Unrestricted reuse of existing data is a core aspect of open source approaches.","kind":"definitional","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"open source approaches","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Such unrestricted “reuse” of existing data is a core aspect of OS approaches and allows the rapid building of new projects from existing ones by distinct teams of researchers.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0484/c76","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/8a9e1cc0c38f4036","nativeRecordCid":"96fcced0-33be-410a-bad2-eb3b247f6068","documentId":"osft-doc-0484","id":"c76","text":"Unrestricted reuse of existing data allows the rapid building of new projects from existing ones by distinct teams of researchers.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"unrestricted reuse of existing data","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Such unrestricted “reuse” of existing data is a core aspect of OS approaches and allows the rapid building of new projects from existing ones by distinct teams of researchers.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0484/c77","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/f3645c9f6eab412b","nativeRecordCid":"44405c13-c141-4db0-9726-35e10588de6e","documentId":"osft-doc-0484","id":"c77","text":"Open source fosters an R&D system that is less wasteful.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"open source","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"OS ultimately fosters an R&D system that is less wasteful: in the event a project is halted, all data (including negative findings) remain in the public domain, allowing similarly informed decisions by other parties in the future.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0484/c78","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/1c94febbd45c4dde","nativeRecordCid":"7e59b753-0835-487b-9160-091b2c70468e","documentId":"osft-doc-0484","id":"c78","text":"In open source, when a project is halted, all data, including negative findings, remain in the public domain.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"halted open source projects","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"OS ultimately fosters an R&D system that is less wasteful: in the event a project is halted, all data (including negative findings) remain in the public domain, allowing similarly informed decisions by other parties in the future.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0484/c79","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/d3daa6d4d3f84ba6","nativeRecordCid":"cc9113cf-1a1a-4301-9f37-deb58101bb4b","documentId":"osft-doc-0484","id":"c79","text":"Data remaining in the public domain after a halted open source project allows similarly informed decisions by other parties in the future.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"public domain data from halted open source projects","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"OS ultimately fosters an R&D system that is less wasteful: in the event a project is halted, all data (including negative findings) remain in the public domain, allowing similarly informed decisions by other parties in the future.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0484/c80","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/b94e3345a2ed415d","nativeRecordCid":"a44d48e9-0d8f-45f6-8f9b-49f3a3cc3c08","documentId":"osft-doc-0484","id":"c80","text":"Failure to share health and medical research information means new studies cannot take advantage of previous research.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"unshared health and medical research information","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"It is estimated that 85% of the US$200 billion/year spent globally on health and medical research is “wasted,” primarily because information is not shared (~50% of registered clinical trials are never published in full, and ~50% of those published are not sufficiently complete for others to interpret, use, or replicate the research correctly), meaning that new studies cannot take advantage of previous research","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0484/c81","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/b9b8b7f11bbf447d","nativeRecordCid":"9e67585c-4b64-45a0-b14c-d9a13ba75400","documentId":"osft-doc-0484","id":"c81","text":"Failure to share health and medical research information means patients are exposed to undue risk.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"unshared health and medical research information","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"meaning that new studies cannot take advantage of previous research [\n31\n,\n32\n] and patients are exposed to undue risk","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0484/c82","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/1fa6ab26c0fb4a0b","nativeRecordCid":"ea7f6a42-a93e-43be-8132-424d442eaa8a","documentId":"osft-doc-0484","id":"c82","text":"A drug originating from an open source process requires an applicant who bears responsibility for the process, in the same way as any other drug approval.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"","subject":"drugs originating from an open source process","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The approval process for a drug originating from an OS process will require that drug to have an “applicant” who bears responsibility for the process in the same way as any other drug approval.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0484/c83","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/3f762e0b538a4c85","nativeRecordCid":"cc36d301-a9c0-415b-8e4e-cf4698fe51c1","documentId":"osft-doc-0484","id":"c83","text":"Existing public-private partnerships or nonprofit groups could in theory shoulder the burden of acting as the applicant for an open source drug, should a sufficiently attractive therapeutic candidate emerge.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"public-private partnerships and nonprofit groups","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"While this lacks an OS precedent to our knowledge, existing PPPs or nonprofit groups could in theory shoulder this burden should a sufficiently attractive therapeutic candidate emerge, as has been the case for rectal artesunate","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0484/c84","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/5cb4ec9d2ed14694","nativeRecordCid":"5fa7baa7-0567-413d-87f3-0f68587b0697","documentId":"osft-doc-0484","id":"c84","text":"The manufacture and distribution of a drug originating from an open source process becomes an issue of market dynamics centered within the generics industry.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"manufacture and distribution of open source drugs","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The manufacture and distribution becomes an issue of market dynamics centered within the generics industry, facilitated by a derivative of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC-BY), suitably adapted to pharmaceutical products, which would allow data to be shared, adapted, and used (including for the purpose of making a profit, if such a route can be found) on the sole condition that the creator is appropriately credited","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0484/c85","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/b66b34ffba564b5f","nativeRecordCid":"c5a37711-943f-4bc3-a7bc-10cf69df5cfc","documentId":"osft-doc-0484","id":"c85","text":"A derivative of the Creative Commons Attribution License adapted to pharmaceutical products would allow data to be shared, adapted, and used, including for profit, on the sole condition that the creator is appropriately credited.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"adapted Creative Commons Attribution License for pharmaceuticals","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The manufacture and distribution becomes an issue of market dynamics centered within the generics industry, facilitated by a derivative of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC-BY), suitably adapted to pharmaceutical products, which would allow data to be shared, adapted, and used (including for the purpose of making a profit, if such a route can be found) on the sole condition that the creator is appropriately credited","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0484/c86","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/7ef1995465224410","nativeRecordCid":"19308fee-2640-4d2d-924e-014aa5d42ef6","documentId":"osft-doc-0484","id":"c86","text":"Openness permits reuse.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"openness","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Openness permits reuse and is a barrier to exclusivity.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-0484/c87","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/acb86f78f86a4008","nativeRecordCid":"917f6c4b-299e-4da7-b25b-8d7104ad5b04","documentId":"osft-doc-0484","id":"c87","text":"Openness is a barrier to exclusivity.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"openness","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Openness permits reuse and is a barrier to exclusivity.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0484/c88","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/69ac3ebff3e74712","nativeRecordCid":"caaba4ef-cdc4-41c4-a973-bf13ca82e865","documentId":"osft-doc-0484","id":"c88","text":"If a promising drug candidate addressing a major public health burden is generated through an open source process, significant public and philanthropic funds would be expected to be available for further development.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"open source drug candidates addressing major public health burdens","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"If a promising drug candidate addressing a major public health burden is generated through this process, it would be expected that significant public and philanthropic funds would be available for further development.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0484/c89","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/5f9bfcf6759940de","nativeRecordCid":"eb551b43-35d3-4edf-8f48-b91eecad3005","documentId":"osft-doc-0484","id":"c89","text":"In the field of poverty-related infectious diseases and neglected tropical diseases, there is a traditional market failure.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"poverty-related infectious diseases and neglected tropical diseases","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Such is already the case in the field of poverty-related infectious diseases and neglected tropical diseases, in which there is a traditional type of what is often termed “market failure,”","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0484/c90","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/c90343449b9d4ee8","nativeRecordCid":"0344bee6-7411-407e-a718-ad94ab810871","documentId":"osft-doc-0484","id":"c90","text":"Other financing mechanisms, such as crowdfunding and prizes, are being piloted for poverty-related infectious diseases and neglected tropical diseases.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"financing mechanisms for neglected disease research","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"and other financing mechanisms, such as crowdfunding [\n36\n] and prizes [\n37\n], are being piloted.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0484/c91","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/2cb5718bf31c4461","nativeRecordCid":"f530c2eb-4c68-44d5-a3a8-fe00e0e34254","documentId":"osft-doc-0484","id":"c91","text":"There are recent precedents of drugs being taken through development stages with government or philanthropic money and in the absence of patent protection.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"drug development precedents","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"There are recent precedents of drugs being taken through such stages with government or philanthropic money and in the absence of patent protection","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0484/c92","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/16aedda6e72d45d0","nativeRecordCid":"1eb42836-be64-486a-9c66-4e63e3da294d","documentId":"osft-doc-0484","id":"c92","text":"There is an increasing number of major new funding mechanisms designed to assist with drug development efforts.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"funding mechanisms for drug development","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"as well as an increasing number of major new funding mechanisms designed to assist with such efforts","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0484/c93","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/88d3c84d6bd74f73","nativeRecordCid":"4d2d1e06-f4f3-48f3-a973-7f85cce2200f","documentId":"osft-doc-0484","id":"c93","text":"Open source is a key means to achieve the aims of the London Declaration.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"open source","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"We see OS as a key means to achieve the aims of the London Declaration [\n40\n] and OS projects as good candidates for support from the proposed Pooled Fund","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0484/c94","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/ba76a58cdc674a3b","nativeRecordCid":"dea0a469-b58e-48c9-9e4d-9b2211aea0d8","documentId":"osft-doc-0484","id":"c94","text":"Open source projects are good candidates for support from the proposed Pooled Fund.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"open source projects","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"We see OS as a key means to achieve the aims of the London Declaration [\n40\n] and OS projects as good candidates for support from the proposed Pooled Fund","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0484/c95","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/9a03b3c1f3c844a9","nativeRecordCid":"8ed2d3fa-2cad-45cc-9f96-cde1ad78f8a6","documentId":"osft-doc-0484","id":"c95","text":"Several innovative financing mechanisms have been created for global health.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"financing mechanisms for global health","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Several innovative financing mechanisms have been created for global health","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0484/c96","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/1d7a244c42ed4d49","nativeRecordCid":"6518e07f-6139-41ea-9dcb-e4b8bcb4e383","documentId":"osft-doc-0484","id":"c96","text":"Innovative financing mechanisms created for global health could possibly be leveraged to support global health R&D.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"innovative financing mechanisms for global health","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Several innovative financing mechanisms have been created for global health [\n42\n], and these could possibly be leveraged to support global health R&D.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0484/c97","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/ede2fd7380494bbf","nativeRecordCid":"06da2ed7-5eca-4f00-8a13-3cda61b5885b","documentId":"osft-doc-0484","id":"c97","text":"There are persistent calls for new approaches to the development of antibacterials to counteract the looming threat of antimicrobial resistance.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"antibacterial development approaches","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"There are persistent calls for new approaches to the development of antibacterials to counteract the looming threat of antimicrobial resistance (AMR)","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0484/c98","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/c152e2ddbdd14539","nativeRecordCid":"acf5ad95-17c7-47bf-b4f9-87bcba34a811","documentId":"osft-doc-0484","id":"c98","text":"Governments of countries with populations shifting toward old age may be willing to invest in the development of affordable dementia treatments in ways that the private sector cannot.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"government investment in dementia treatments","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Given the magnitude of the problem of dementia, it is conceivable that governments of countries in which the population is shifting progressively towards old-age citizens would be willing to invest in the development of affordable treatments (in ways that the private sector cannot)","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0484/c99","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/5b5be636a3dc49a7","nativeRecordCid":"165dce54-bddb-48cd-a1dc-371a3b1c9965","documentId":"osft-doc-0484","id":"c99","text":"Consortia and funds are being established to tackle threats such as antimicrobial resistance and dementia without correspondingly new approaches in how the underlying research is being conducted.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"consortia and funds for public health threats","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Consortia and funds are being established to tackle these threats without correspondingly new approaches in how the underlying research is being conducted.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0484/c100","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/ea52097c977941f5","nativeRecordCid":"584a945e-af35-418f-a9ef-9cb7652af551","documentId":"osft-doc-0484","id":"c100","text":"Open source provides a genuinely new approach to conducting the research needed to tackle threats such as antimicrobial resistance and dementia.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"open source","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"We see OS as providing that genuinely new approach.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0484/c101","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/16487199c7c94ae4","nativeRecordCid":"bdd8a89d-da4b-4ba4-9ff1-dd41d3e1ffde","documentId":"osft-doc-0484","id":"c101","text":"Drug development following a traditional secretive model but funded by governments has been attempted.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"government-funded traditional drug development","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Drug development following a traditional secretive model but funded by governments has been attempted.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0484/c102","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/27a5f94bbc5e43f7","nativeRecordCid":"75c83d7d-1719-4e94-9764-b17da8138f3c","documentId":"osft-doc-0484","id":"c102","text":"Open source drug development, funded from whatever source, has not been attempted.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"open source drug development","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"OS drug development (funded from whatever source) has not.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0484/c103","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/79be54ee1ba04e4a","nativeRecordCid":"bca4705d-f484-46ab-8f3e-a7a2463635f3","documentId":"osft-doc-0484","id":"c103","text":"Society has continued unmet medical needs.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"society's medical needs","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Given society’s continued unmet medical needs and the scientific, efficiency, and ethical imperatives that exist to change the way in which we encourage medical innovation, there is a strong need to try alternative systems.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0484/c104","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/8a418a25eabf43ac","nativeRecordCid":"2e559ac8-4530-4440-ba30-212d5b9c4aee","documentId":"osft-doc-0484","id":"c104","text":"There are scientific, efficiency, and ethical imperatives that exist to change the way medical innovation is encouraged.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"medical innovation","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Given society’s continued unmet medical needs and the scientific, efficiency, and ethical imperatives that exist to change the way in which we encourage medical innovation, there is a strong need to try alternative systems.","representedInStars":false}
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{"key":"osft-doc-0484/c108","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/925248fc149e41e2","nativeRecordCid":"d9f05edc-bafd-4e61-9d96-a844e4c89a71","documentId":"osft-doc-0484","id":"c108","text":"The borderless nature of open source work makes an R&D program amenable to a wide range of different funders working cooperatively.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"borderless nature of open source work","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Furthermore, the borderless nature of OS work makes an R&D program amenable to a wide range of different funders working cooperatively, safe in the knowledge that the funding is not supporting any unnecessary duplication of effort.","representedInStars":false}
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{"key":"osft-doc-0504/c1","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/4cc89c6b51964a95","nativeRecordCid":"c88bc035-a76c-4fe0-9576-35babc594ac7","documentId":"osft-doc-0504","id":"c1","text":"The old tradition of scholarly publishing is the willingness of scientists and scholars to publish the fruits of their research in scholarly journals without payment, for the sake of inquiry and knowledge.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"the old tradition of scholarly publishing","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The old tradition is the willingness of scientists and scholars to publish the fruits of their research in scholarly journals without payment, for the sake of inquiry and knowledge.","representedInStars":false}
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{"key":"osft-doc-0504/c7","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/1ef333c2d61f4a7f","nativeRecordCid":"32739cc2-b13c-4447-b542-c3c3e9a3dc13","documentId":"osft-doc-0504","id":"c7","text":"Removing access barriers to the peer-reviewed journal literature will make this literature as useful as it can be.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"removing access barriers to literature","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Removing access barriers to this literature will accelerate research, enrich education, share the learning of the rich with the poor and the poor with the rich, make this literature as useful as it can be, and lay the foundation for uniting humanity in a common intellectual conversation and quest for knowledge.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-0504/c8","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/dd83f7163ec64e7b","nativeRecordCid":"b1ec8fe5-f4c1-4788-8b16-7db4197710f8","documentId":"osft-doc-0504","id":"c8","text":"Removing access barriers to the peer-reviewed journal literature will lay the foundation for uniting humanity in a common intellectual conversation and quest for knowledge.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"removing access barriers to literature","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Removing access barriers to this literature will accelerate research, enrich education, share the learning of the rich with the poor and the poor with the rich, make this literature as useful as it can be, and lay the foundation for uniting humanity in a common intellectual conversation and quest for knowledge.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-0504/c9","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/92de2d7faaed41fd","nativeRecordCid":"d9a8cd04-b179-492b-91e1-ced5a89d5939","documentId":"osft-doc-0504","id":"c9","text":"Open access has so far been limited to small portions of the journal literature.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"open access","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"this kind of free and unrestricted online availability, which we will call\nopen access\n, has so far been limited to small portions of the journal literature.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-0504/c10","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/d41f8aacaef9412f","nativeRecordCid":"f349759d-4f5f-418e-966b-61a29eb4b6ab","documentId":"osft-doc-0504","id":"c10","text":"Open access is economically feasible.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"open access","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"many different initiatives have shown that open access is economically feasible, that it gives readers extraordinary power to find and make use of relevant literature, and that it gives authors and their works vast and measurable new visibility, readership, and impact.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-0504/c11","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/cb9b71c81bf4448a","nativeRecordCid":"283b6e11-3355-4feb-abae-c6c6e0f9d356","documentId":"osft-doc-0504","id":"c11","text":"Open access gives readers extraordinary power to find and make use of relevant literature.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"open access","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"many different initiatives have shown that open access is economically feasible, that it gives readers extraordinary power to find and make use of relevant literature, and that it gives authors and their works vast and measurable new visibility, readership, and impact.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-0504/c12","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/32483fdcdeea485f","nativeRecordCid":"c76e68fe-bea9-4815-8032-68c674a058b8","documentId":"osft-doc-0504","id":"c12","text":"Open access gives authors and their works vast and measurable new visibility, readership, and impact.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"open access","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"many different initiatives have shown that open access is economically feasible, that it gives readers extraordinary power to find and make use of relevant literature, and that it gives authors and their works vast and measurable new visibility, readership, and impact.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-0504/c13","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/66146a9ef5a045b7","nativeRecordCid":"df0451fa-ca2b-4081-a14c-4f01c6f54265","documentId":"osft-doc-0504","id":"c13","text":"Interested institutions and individuals should help open up access to the rest of the literature and remove the barriers, especially the price barriers, that stand in the way.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"interested institutions and individuals","subject":"interested institutions and individuals","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"To secure these benefits for all, we call on all interested institutions and individuals to help open up access to the rest of this literature and remove the barriers, especially the price barriers, that stand in the way.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-0504/c14","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/ef8f1598095042b0","nativeRecordCid":"3106f5c4-8134-4481-88a6-129139e4c04e","documentId":"osft-doc-0504","id":"c14","text":"The more who join the effort to advance open access, the sooner the benefits of open access will be enjoyed by all.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"joining the effort for open access","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The more who join the effort to advance this cause, the sooner we will all enjoy the benefits of open access.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-0504/c15","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/3f6b1bfa09ad4dd2","nativeRecordCid":"2e8e6a39-59eb-41ee-9760-eb42683c973e","documentId":"osft-doc-0504","id":"c15","text":"The literature that scholars give to the world without expectation of payment should be freely accessible online.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"","subject":"literature scholars give without payment","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The literature that should be freely accessible online is that which scholars give to the world without expectation of payment.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-0504/c16","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/f896fae41df94884","nativeRecordCid":"fb7b0d88-9a73-44eb-8787-2845787eb00b","documentId":"osft-doc-0504","id":"c16","text":"The literature that should be freely accessible online primarily encompasses scholars' peer-reviewed journal articles.","kind":"definitional","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"literature that should be free","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Primarily, this category encompasses their peer-reviewed journal articles, but it also includes any unreviewed preprints that they might wish to put online for comment or to alert colleagues to important research findings.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-0504/c17","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/07cf691f0dbf4ab3","nativeRecordCid":"15cc077b-b3ab-4ca6-bb32-9fe4cae0bccb","documentId":"osft-doc-0504","id":"c17","text":"The literature that should be freely accessible online also includes unreviewed preprints that scholars might wish to put online for comment or to alert colleagues to important research findings.","kind":"definitional","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"literature that should be free","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Primarily, this category encompasses their peer-reviewed journal articles, but it also includes any unreviewed preprints that they might wish to put online for comment or to alert colleagues to important research findings.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-0504/c18","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/19447f99bc21470e","nativeRecordCid":"150b16aa-3d1a-4e18-8b44-5cbbb7c57891","documentId":"osft-doc-0504","id":"c18","text":"Open access to the literature means its free availability on the public internet, permitting users to read, download, copy, distribute, print, search, link, crawl for indexing, pass as data to software, or use it for any other lawful purpose, without financial, legal, or technical barriers other than those inseparable from internet access itself.","kind":"definitional","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"open access (definition)","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"By “open access” to this literature, we mean its free availability on the public internet, permitting any users to read, download, copy, distribute, print, search, or link to the full texts of these articles, crawl them for indexing, pass them as data to software, or use them for any other lawful purpose, without financial, legal, or technical barriers other than those inseparable from gaining access to the internet itself.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-0504/c19","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/6b442ac0353046aa","nativeRecordCid":"ebae8174-9a5e-4123-bc2e-3872e3d889a5","documentId":"osft-doc-0504","id":"c19","text":"The only constraint on reproduction and distribution, and the only role for copyright in the domain of open access, should be to give authors control over the integrity of their work.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"","subject":"constraint on reproduction and copyright","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The only constraint on reproduction and distribution, and the only role for copyright in this domain, should be to give authors control over the integrity of their work and the right to be properly acknowledged and cited.","representedInStars":true}
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{"key":"osft-doc-0504/c24","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/2018d1bc7f074f27","nativeRecordCid":"ff433ca3-080e-4088-a5c8-4ceba4e172c2","documentId":"osft-doc-0504","id":"c24","text":"There is a strong incentive for professional associations, universities, libraries, foundations, and others to embrace open access as a means of advancing their missions.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"institutions embracing open access","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"With such an opportunity to save money and expand the scope of dissemination at the same time, there is today a strong incentive for professional associations, universities, libraries, foundations, and others to embrace open access as a means of advancing their missions.","representedInStars":true}
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{"key":"osft-doc-0504/c26","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/880a074a4f6b4dfd","nativeRecordCid":"4d122514-0df2-41ef-bbd7-0c32c60fbcbb","documentId":"osft-doc-0504","id":"c26","text":"Open access is an attainable goal, not merely preferable or utopian.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"open access as a goal","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Achieving open access will require new cost recovery models and financing mechanisms, but the significantly lower overall cost of dissemination is a reason to be confident that the goal is attainable and not merely preferable or utopian.","representedInStars":true}
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{"key":"osft-doc-0504/c30","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/d04f6c57a9e8408f","nativeRecordCid":"11a9dba2-913e-4d82-968f-29e47330b1ec","documentId":"osft-doc-0504","id":"c30","text":"Users need not know which archives exist or where they are located in order to find and make use of their contents.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"users and open archives","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Users then need not know which archives exist or where they are located in order to find and make use of their contents.","representedInStars":true}
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{"key":"osft-doc-0504/c32","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/279b0393951542f1","nativeRecordCid":"c9f4455a-1c75-48c2-95c7-ab34d3975671","documentId":"osft-doc-0504","id":"c32","text":"Scholars need the means to help existing journals that elect to make the transition to open access.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"","subject":"scholars and existing journals","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Second, scholars need the means to launch a new generation of journals committed to open access, and to help existing journals that elect to make the transition to open access.","representedInStars":true}
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{"key":"osft-doc-0504/c35","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/0b335d4f1c6a435a","nativeRecordCid":"1a2ed39f-4357-4682-80cc-f48b2ec38f8f","documentId":"osft-doc-0504","id":"c35","text":"New open-access journals should use copyright and other tools to ensure permanent open access to all the articles they publish.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"open-access journals","subject":"new open-access journals and copyright","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Instead they will use copyright and other tools to ensure permanent open access to all the articles they publish.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0504/c36","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/c47479ca69ee4234","nativeRecordCid":"ee721cd5-fff5-4ef0-a99c-c0555a022d6c","documentId":"osft-doc-0504","id":"c36","text":"Price is a barrier to access.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"price as barrier to access","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Because price is a barrier to access, these new journals will not charge subscription or access fees, and will turn to other methods for covering their expenses.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-0504/c37","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/fa1ec96a9c8e485a","nativeRecordCid":"41d00586-4bdd-442a-aa24-bb5352e9ecc1","documentId":"osft-doc-0504","id":"c37","text":"New open-access journals should not charge subscription or access fees.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"open-access journals","subject":"new open-access journals and fees","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Because price is a barrier to access, these new journals will not charge subscription or access fees, and will turn to other methods for covering their expenses.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0504/c38","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/2ee64077360749e9","nativeRecordCid":"4ed9958d-064c-42df-9823-2fe51df4d07a","documentId":"osft-doc-0504","id":"c38","text":"New open-access journals should turn to other methods for covering their expenses.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"open-access journals","subject":"new open-access journals and expenses","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Because price is a barrier to access, these new journals will not charge subscription or access fees, and will turn to other methods for covering their expenses.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0504/c39","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/b8ba2397553a4c8b","nativeRecordCid":"fa2efa0f-78df-43e0-b2ea-e4fbe053f745","documentId":"osft-doc-0504","id":"c39","text":"There are many alternative sources of funds for covering the expenses of open-access journals.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"funding sources for open-access journals","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"There are many alternative sources of funds for this purpose, including the foundations and governments that fund research, the universities and laboratories that employ researchers, endowments set up by discipline or institution, friends of the cause of open access, profits from the sale of add-ons to the basic texts, funds freed up by the demise or cancellation of journals charging traditional subscription or access fees, or even contributions from the researchers themselves.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0504/c40","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/d202dc8346154880","nativeRecordCid":"6ee10a0d-a830-41bb-b3ef-37e132b87748","documentId":"osft-doc-0504","id":"c40","text":"Funding solutions for open-access journals may be used without needing to favor one over the others across disciplines or nations.","kind":"normative","modality":"may","actor":"","subject":"funding solutions for open-access journals","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"There is no need to favor one of these solutions over the others for all disciplines or nations, and no need to stop looking for other, creative alternatives.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0504/c41","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/acf5779ffc67423d","nativeRecordCid":"673fec7e-204d-4d12-af48-9075fb7dad78","documentId":"osft-doc-0504","id":"c41","text":"The search for other, creative funding alternatives for open-access journals should continue.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"","subject":"search for funding alternatives","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"There is no need to favor one of these solutions over the others for all disciplines or nations, and no need to stop looking for other, creative alternatives.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-0504/c42","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/901d878708904d92","nativeRecordCid":"29222782-5b9e-48a2-9148-e01847b06803","documentId":"osft-doc-0504","id":"c42","text":"Self-archiving and open-access journals are direct and effective means of achieving open access.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"self-archiving and open-access journals","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"They are not only direct and effective means to this end, they are within the reach of scholars themselves, immediately, and need not wait on changes brought about by markets or legislation.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-0504/c43","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/07c4aeedcd944ed3","nativeRecordCid":"5edabcd3-49a4-42ab-b7f0-081682a3485a","documentId":"osft-doc-0504","id":"c43","text":"Self-archiving and open-access journals are within the reach of scholars themselves, immediately, without needing to wait on changes brought about by markets or legislation.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"self-archiving and open-access journals","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"They are not only direct and effective means to this end, they are within the reach of scholars themselves, immediately, and need not wait on changes brought about by markets or legislation.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-0504/c44","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/f85409d5cca14b58","nativeRecordCid":"75445649-f70b-461c-829e-0e7a13ca2e59","documentId":"osft-doc-0504","id":"c44","text":"Experimentation with further ways to make the transition from present methods of dissemination to open access should be encouraged.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"","subject":"experimentation with transition to open access","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"While we endorse the two strategies just outlined, we also encourage experimentation with further ways to make the transition from the present methods of dissemination to open access.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-0504/c45","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/dc6fb73a40294df1","nativeRecordCid":"e48f700f-e619-4626-a88e-b7e3183451ce","documentId":"osft-doc-0504","id":"c45","text":"Flexibility, experimentation, and adaptation to local circumstances are the best ways to assure that progress toward open access in diverse settings will be rapid, secure, and long-lived.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"flexibility and experimentation for progress","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Flexibility, experimentation, and adaptation to local circumstances are the best ways to assure that progress in diverse settings will be rapid, secure, and long-lived.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-0504/c46","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/9eae7508fa954f61","nativeRecordCid":"6c050ae2-7c96-4ba6-ae74-497ace729588","documentId":"osft-doc-0504","id":"c46","text":"The Open Society Institute is committed to providing initial help and funding to realize the goal of open access.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"Open Society Institute","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The\nOpen Society Institute\n, the foundation network founded by philanthropist George Soros, is committed to providing initial help and funding to realize this goal.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0504/c47","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/41729d07e6c54819","nativeRecordCid":"1a0ea33c-b204-4828-9440-600f478867c3","documentId":"osft-doc-0504","id":"c47","text":"The Open Society Institute will use its resources and influence to extend and promote institutional self-archiving.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"Open Society Institute","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"It will use its resources and influence to extend and promote institutional self-archiving, to launch new open-access journals, and to help an open-access journal system become economically self-sustaining.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0504/c48","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/c40597befba8494a","nativeRecordCid":"0a8e1076-5255-4ab7-bb5e-2b9d391e2195","documentId":"osft-doc-0504","id":"c48","text":"The Open Society Institute will use its resources and influence to launch new open-access journals.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"Open Society Institute","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"It will use its resources and influence to extend and promote institutional self-archiving, to launch new open-access journals, and to help an open-access journal system become economically self-sustaining.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0504/c49","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/49850f9acdb04f76","nativeRecordCid":"7d18edcb-8482-441b-bc92-b41c8d3cd2bf","documentId":"osft-doc-0504","id":"c49","text":"The Open Society Institute will use its resources and influence to help an open-access journal system become economically self-sustaining.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"Open Society Institute","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"It will use its resources and influence to extend and promote institutional self-archiving, to launch new open-access journals, and to help an open-access journal system become economically self-sustaining.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0504/c50","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/a2d192edb9304fa0","nativeRecordCid":"4ec46996-81da-4342-9b3f-4c9a214090bb","documentId":"osft-doc-0504","id":"c50","text":"The Open Society Institute's commitment and resources are substantial.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"Open Society Institute","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"While the Open Society Institute’s commitment and resources are substantial, this initiative is very much in need of other organizations to lend their effort and resources.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-0504/c51","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/934b37e3494a4aad","nativeRecordCid":"f091c844-e961-4f2a-a55c-f6e2acd97309","documentId":"osft-doc-0504","id":"c51","text":"Other organizations need to lend their effort and resources to this open access initiative.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"other organizations","subject":"other organizations and this initiative","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"While the Open Society Institute’s commitment and resources are substantial, this initiative is very much in need of other organizations to lend their effort and resources.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-0504/c52","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/98ba202569434b7f","nativeRecordCid":"c7c5d8ad-4d2a-44c8-b8ba-6b100c789288","documentId":"osft-doc-0504","id":"c52","text":"The Budapest Open Access Initiative is separate from the Directory of Open Access Journals.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"BOAI and Directory of OA Journals","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Open Access journals are encouraged to sign the BOAI, but the BOAI is separate from the\nDirectory of Open Access Journals\n.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0534/c1","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/d20bdf943a23410a","nativeRecordCid":"cd2ae765-0293-4ccf-a37b-a24789bb173f","documentId":"osft-doc-0534","id":"c1","text":"Collaboration with investigators from other countries requires prior approval by the NIH before proposals are submitted.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"researchers collaborating with foreign investigators","subject":"collaboration with foreign investigators","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Collaboration with investigators from other countries requires prior approval by the NIH before proposals are submitted.","representedInStars":false}
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{"key":"osft-doc-0633/c13","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/67d132124c9d4b8d","nativeRecordCid":"248fcfa3-299c-41f4-9f0b-0ca969a761b8","documentId":"osft-doc-0633","id":"c13","text":"The EPA should better integrate community data into environmental research and governance by building internal capacity for recognizing and applying such data, facilitating connections between data communities, and addressing misalignments with data standards.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"Environmental Protection Agency (EPA)","subject":"EPA's integration of community data","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) should better integrate community data into environmental research and governance by building internal capacity for recognizing and applying such data, facilitating connections between data communities, and addressing misalignments with data standards.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0633/c14","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/94983c7175024017","nativeRecordCid":"e88c81ff-eccb-480c-870e-881803583033","documentId":"osft-doc-0633","id":"c14","text":"The National Institutes of Health should form an Office of Co-Production in the Office of the Director, Division of Program Coordination, Planning, and Strategic Initiatives.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"National Institutes of Health","subject":"NIH Office of Co-Production","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The National Institutes of Health should form an Office of Co-Production in the Office of the Director, Division of Program Coordination, Planning, and Strategic Initiatives.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0633/c15","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/2b78f9a944324c2f","nativeRecordCid":"b7244873-3f7a-4f8e-9546-e93291125946","documentId":"osft-doc-0633","id":"c15","text":"Federal agencies should form Data Collaboratives in which staff and members of the public engage in mutual learning about available datasets and their affordances for clarifying policy problems.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"federal agencies","subject":"Data Collaboratives","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"To deepen community involvement in developing evidence-based policy, federal agencies should form Data Collaboratives in which staff and members of the public engage in mutual learning about available datasets and their affordances for clarifying policy problems.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0633/c16","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/94ef0a3962104a23","nativeRecordCid":"01685811-cb38-473b-a0b2-8088f09f2e69","documentId":"osft-doc-0633","id":"c16","text":"The growth of an open source ethos within the scientific community represents a paradigm shift towards more collaborative, transparent, and efficient research infrastructure.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"open source ethos in the scientific community","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The growth of an open source ethos within the scientific community represents a paradigm shift towards more collaborative, transparent, and efficient research infrastructure.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0633/c17","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/f939bde931e5459a","nativeRecordCid":"1563fc95-89ab-44c1-9a34-5c8abf43ca94","documentId":"osft-doc-0633","id":"c17","text":"Open source hardware (OSH) refers to publicly accessible technology designs.","kind":"definitional","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"open source hardware (OSH)","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Open source hardware (OSH) — publicly accessible technology designs that can be freely used, modified, and distributed — has the potential to revolutionize how scientific tools are developed and utilized.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0633/c18","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/5c05574c6c4a4f7d","nativeRecordCid":"8738a1c0-f10f-444b-9da9-53c78cfd2c01","documentId":"osft-doc-0633","id":"c18","text":"Open source hardware (OSH) designs can be freely used, modified, and distributed.","kind":"definitional","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"open source hardware (OSH) designs","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Open source hardware (OSH) — publicly accessible technology designs that can be freely used, modified, and distributed — has the potential to revolutionize how scientific tools are developed and utilized.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-0633/c19","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/d7a739ff0b3b4506","nativeRecordCid":"785bb43b-29e4-49cc-a1a5-ab175e42667b","documentId":"osft-doc-0633","id":"c19","text":"Open source hardware has the potential to revolutionize how scientific tools are developed and utilized.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"open source hardware","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Open source hardware (OSH) — publicly accessible technology designs that can be freely used, modified, and distributed — has the potential to revolutionize how scientific tools are developed and utilized.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0633/c20","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/8d059ef92a294872","nativeRecordCid":"5e43189a-1f3d-4077-b30f-303f4991e785","documentId":"osft-doc-0633","id":"c20","text":"Open source hardware provides the government with a unique opportunity to align its public good–oriented mission with its funding and procurement of scientific infrastructure.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"open source hardware and government procurement","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"OSH also provides the government with a unique opportunity to align its public good–oriented mission with its funding and procurement of scientific infrastructure.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0633/c21","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/570f6729fff44958","nativeRecordCid":"60f49ea9-2abe-46a9-b8f2-61532fe5902b","documentId":"osft-doc-0633","id":"c21","text":"Open source hardware has the potential to democratize scientific inquiry.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"open source hardware","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"This section delves into the potential of open source hardware to democratize scientific inquiry, reduce costs, and foster a culture of shared knowledge across scientific domains.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0633/c22","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/c37289f1434a40a0","nativeRecordCid":"480fd906-1e90-4540-921b-1d35ae6cc625","documentId":"osft-doc-0633","id":"c22","text":"Open source hardware has the potential to reduce costs.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"open source hardware","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"This section delves into the potential of open source hardware to democratize scientific inquiry, reduce costs, and foster a culture of shared knowledge across scientific domains.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0633/c23","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/da6852dd4cd74eeb","nativeRecordCid":"937e442a-6ad2-4f4c-b136-065d07baa6c1","documentId":"osft-doc-0633","id":"c23","text":"Open source hardware has the potential to foster a culture of shared knowledge across scientific domains.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"open source hardware","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"This section delves into the potential of open source hardware to democratize scientific inquiry, reduce costs, and foster a culture of shared knowledge across scientific domains.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0633/c24","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/e4c5ab440d7d4d60","nativeRecordCid":"65dcd627-d911-497b-94d0-81abc68f1a06","documentId":"osft-doc-0633","id":"c24","text":"Integrating open source hardware into federal policies and processes has a transformative impact.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"open source hardware in federal policy","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Through these recommendations, we highlight the transformative impact of integrating open source hardware into federal policies and processes.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0633/c25","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/5e953d03a006426d","nativeRecordCid":"15838363-2379-4384-aaa1-8e4e73c08013","documentId":"osft-doc-0633","id":"c25","text":"Prioritizing open source solutions in scientific instrumentation builds a more inclusive and interconnected scientific community.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"prioritizing open source solutions in scientific instrumentation","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"By prioritizing open source solutions in scientific instrumentation and recognizing their value, we can build a more inclusive and interconnected scientific community, accelerate the pace of innovation, and ensure that the fruits of federally funded research are accessible and beneficial to all.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0633/c26","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/eebaa0e6abc84e91","nativeRecordCid":"3bbee0da-ccbe-494a-abf1-fe0dd22dfa26","documentId":"osft-doc-0633","id":"c26","text":"Prioritizing open source solutions in scientific instrumentation accelerates the pace of innovation.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"prioritizing open source solutions in scientific instrumentation","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"By prioritizing open source solutions in scientific instrumentation and recognizing their value, we can build a more inclusive and interconnected scientific community, accelerate the pace of innovation, and ensure that the fruits of federally funded research are accessible and beneficial to all.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0633/c27","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/acf84890df3145bf","nativeRecordCid":"069df3d7-89af-4e69-9f9a-56412074d632","documentId":"osft-doc-0633","id":"c27","text":"Prioritizing open source solutions in scientific instrumentation ensures that the fruits of federally funded research are accessible and beneficial to all.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"prioritizing open source solutions in scientific instrumentation","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"By prioritizing open source solutions in scientific instrumentation and recognizing their value, we can build a more inclusive and interconnected scientific community, accelerate the pace of innovation, and ensure that the fruits of federally funded research are accessible and beneficial to all.","representedInStars":false}
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{"key":"osft-doc-0633/c30","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/6c21b8990fa24962","nativeRecordCid":"a705270f-f6e1-44fe-a29b-fc070292c0dd","documentId":"osft-doc-0633","id":"c30","text":"Grantmakers should design exceptions to the open hardware default policy for researchers who intend to patent their hardware.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"grantmakers","subject":"exceptions to open hardware policy","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"To retain current incentives for translation and commercialization, grantmakers should design exceptions to this policy for researchers who intend to patent their hardware.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0633/c31","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/c477a620cca649e1","nativeRecordCid":"37a1eeab-0d60-48e1-a559-7907e261bf72","documentId":"osft-doc-0633","id":"c31","text":"The USPTO should incorporate open source hardware certification databases into the library of resources used to search for prior art.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"United States Patent and Trademark Office (USPTO)","subject":"USPTO prior art search resources","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The United States Patent and Trademark Office (USPTO) should incorporate open source hardware certification databases into the library of resources to search for prior art, and create guidelines and training to build agency capacity for evaluating open source prior art.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0633/c32","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/a1e357b89d8b4e91","nativeRecordCid":"3124c5ab-6ef2-44e4-bdd6-427fd2ebd579","documentId":"osft-doc-0633","id":"c32","text":"The USPTO should create guidelines and training to build agency capacity for evaluating open source prior art.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"United States Patent and Trademark Office (USPTO)","subject":"USPTO capacity for evaluating open source prior art","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The United States Patent and Trademark Office (USPTO) should incorporate open source hardware certification databases into the library of resources to search for prior art, and create guidelines and training to build agency capacity for evaluating open source prior art.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0633/c33","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/30a6ff1062ec41a0","nativeRecordCid":"cf69604a-ec13-4e73-8d57-27a89a60be60","documentId":"osft-doc-0633","id":"c33","text":"Making the outputs of federally funded research transparent and publicly accessible is a central goal of the U.S. government's open science initiatives.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"U.S. government's open science initiatives","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Making the outputs of federally funded research transparent and publicly accessible is a central goal of the U.S. government’s open science initiatives.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0633/c34","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/85914475a4c94df4","nativeRecordCid":"6d1e9447-411b-4502-9351-e6e374977b9d","documentId":"osft-doc-0633","id":"c34","text":"The outputs of federally funded research represent only the final stage of the research life cycle.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"research outputs and the research life cycle","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Yet these outputs represent only the final stage of the research life cycle, while earlier stages — including proposal development, protocol planning, project implementation, and peer feedback — often remain closed off to the community, the public, and decision-makers.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0633/c35","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/0c8168bd2c83437e","nativeRecordCid":"61f5b750-8675-42d6-8083-82bab1be50fe","documentId":"osft-doc-0633","id":"c35","text":"Earlier stages of the research life cycle often remain closed off to the community, the public, and decision-makers.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"earlier stages of the research life cycle","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Yet these outputs represent only the final stage of the research life cycle, while earlier stages — including proposal development, protocol planning, project implementation, and peer feedback — often remain closed off to the community, the public, and decision-makers.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0633/c36","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/c80d294c52b0403d","nativeRecordCid":"74c57b92-d360-44e9-9841-1afc9aaf81dc","documentId":"osft-doc-0633","id":"c36","text":"Increasing the transparency of key components of the scientific process could be transformative.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"transparency of the scientific process","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Increasing the transparency of these key components of the scientific process could be transformative.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-0633/c37","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/0999d70019c04f9e","nativeRecordCid":"4d9e7b79-8ae8-4d59-a77c-ccc99f08dd3f","documentId":"osft-doc-0633","id":"c37","text":"Cross-cutting transparency helps lay a stronger foundation for evidence-based policy.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"cross-cutting transparency","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Exploring ideas of openness in research methodology, peer review, grant applications, and data sharing, these recommendations highlight the power of cross-cutting transparency to help lay a stronger foundation for evidence-based policy and scientific advancement.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-0633/c38","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/db5f8171a2db4007","nativeRecordCid":"028fb288-2a34-44f5-996a-e99b51e96371","documentId":"osft-doc-0633","id":"c38","text":"Cross-cutting transparency helps lay a stronger foundation for scientific advancement.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"cross-cutting transparency","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Exploring ideas of openness in research methodology, peer review, grant applications, and data sharing, these recommendations highlight the power of cross-cutting transparency to help lay a stronger foundation for evidence-based policy and scientific advancement.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-0633/c39","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/a13857ae669a437b","nativeRecordCid":"c9e5028e-9ef6-49f8-a236-6facb5d086de","documentId":"osft-doc-0633","id":"c39","text":"Broadening the scope of public access cultivates a scientific ecosystem that is more equitable, collaborative, and impactful.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"broadening the scope of public access","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"By broadening the scope of public access, we can cultivate a scientific ecosystem that is more equitable, collaborative, and impactful.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-0633/c40","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/30873099321145c9","nativeRecordCid":"651d28cb-eab5-441a-b5e7-ebc63fd61693","documentId":"osft-doc-0633","id":"c40","text":"The federal government should support preprinting.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"federal government","subject":"scholarly publishing reform","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The federal government should take action to support preprinting, preprint review, and “no-pay” publishing models in order to make scholarly publishing of federal outputs more rapid, rigorous, and cost-efficient.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-0633/c41","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/296d100258424246","nativeRecordCid":"0d928642-fb14-4f40-85ee-d244bb8ee358","documentId":"osft-doc-0633","id":"c41","text":"The federal government should support preprint review.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"federal government","subject":"scholarly publishing reform","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The federal government should take action to support preprinting, preprint review, and “no-pay” publishing models in order to make scholarly publishing of federal outputs more rapid, rigorous, and cost-efficient.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0633/c42","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/7a04dfb650974919","nativeRecordCid":"b4751003-fd44-4cf0-8d62-b7b95fd975b3","documentId":"osft-doc-0633","id":"c42","text":"The federal government should support \"no-pay\" publishing models.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"federal government","subject":"scholarly publishing reform","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The federal government should take action to support preprinting, preprint review, and “no-pay” publishing models in order to make scholarly publishing of federal outputs more rapid, rigorous, and cost-efficient.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0633/c43","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/b20dc3ff82fd4151","nativeRecordCid":"48ac6c1d-d3be-483d-b7c6-cc0ee46e77b7","documentId":"osft-doc-0633","id":"c43","text":"Funding agencies should study and pilot new programs to incentivize researchers' engagement in credibility-enhancing practices.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"funding agencies","subject":"credibility-enhancing practices programs","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"To build on existing federal efforts supporting scientific rigor and integrity, funding agencies should study and pilot new programs to incentivize researchers’ engagement in credibility-enhancing practices that are presently undervalued in the scientific enterprise.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0633/c44","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/c6793fe7be8d45c2","nativeRecordCid":"a5c5db78-0e7e-44b9-a4ba-bf57762c9098","documentId":"osft-doc-0633","id":"c44","text":"Credibility-enhancing practices are presently undervalued in the scientific enterprise.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"credibility-enhancing practices","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"To build on existing federal efforts supporting scientific rigor and integrity, funding agencies should study and pilot new programs to incentivize researchers’ engagement in credibility-enhancing practices that are presently undervalued in the scientific enterprise.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0633/c45","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/94eacae809584b72","nativeRecordCid":"abab598b-889f-4abf-8105-5e9e47fbbdeb","documentId":"osft-doc-0633","id":"c45","text":"Federal clearinghouses should incorporate open science practices into their standards and procedures used to identify evidence-based social programs eligible for federal funding.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"federal clearinghouses","subject":"evidence-based social program standards","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Federal clearinghouses should incorporate open science practices into their standards and procedures used to identify evidence-based social programs eligible for federal funding.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0633/c46","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/d52479fbae22423d","nativeRecordCid":"cb618b9c-250d-452a-8ab2-51a60acd4b76","documentId":"osft-doc-0633","id":"c46","text":"Federal agencies should ensure that data sharing policies incentivize high-quality data management and sharing plans (DMSPs).","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"federal agencies","subject":"data sharing policies","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Federal agencies should take coordinated action to ensure that data sharing policies created in response to the 2022 Nelson memo incentivize high-quality data management and sharing plans (DMSPs), include robust enforcement mechanisms, and implement best practices in supporting a more innovative and credible research culture.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0633/c47","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/ffc25271cc124900","nativeRecordCid":"060e12cb-e36b-46f7-81c8-0223fe81aebe","documentId":"osft-doc-0633","id":"c47","text":"Federal agencies should ensure that data sharing policies include robust enforcement mechanisms.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"federal agencies","subject":"data sharing policies","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Federal agencies should take coordinated action to ensure that data sharing policies created in response to the 2022 Nelson memo incentivize high-quality data management and sharing plans (DMSPs), include robust enforcement mechanisms, and implement best practices in supporting a more innovative and credible research culture.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-0633/c48","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/3160f5c89bd042d9","nativeRecordCid":"67c2521c-31e8-4dee-8f00-101e27ddf679","documentId":"osft-doc-0633","id":"c48","text":"Federal agencies should ensure that data sharing policies implement best practices in supporting a more innovative and credible research culture.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"federal agencies","subject":"data sharing policies","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Federal agencies should take coordinated action to ensure that data sharing policies created in response to the 2022 Nelson memo incentivize high-quality data management and sharing plans (DMSPs), include robust enforcement mechanisms, and implement best practices in supporting a more innovative and credible research culture.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0633/c49","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/3ace289ce3ab41c3","nativeRecordCid":"ebf167e2-1d77-41a9-a86f-8b5bcbcea8ed","documentId":"osft-doc-0633","id":"c49","text":"Funding agencies should implement a process by which researchers can opt to make their grant proposals publicly available.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"funding agencies","subject":"public availability of grant proposals","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"We recommend that funding agencies implement a process by which researchers can opt to make their grant proposals publicly available.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0633/c50","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/1e401fea94dc423f","nativeRecordCid":"c474eff5-aa8e-4547-98f7-ca8c538a374d","documentId":"osft-doc-0633","id":"c50","text":"Making grant proposals publicly available through such a process would enhance transparency in research.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"public availability of grant proposals","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"This would enhance transparency in research, encourage collaboration, and optimize the public-good impacts of the federal funding process.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0633/c51","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/6ccff4357b9d425f","nativeRecordCid":"870f0b02-58ba-4d82-8746-271ae59c564b","documentId":"osft-doc-0633","id":"c51","text":"Making grant proposals publicly available through such a process would encourage collaboration.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"public availability of grant proposals","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"This would enhance transparency in research, encourage collaboration, and optimize the public-good impacts of the federal funding process.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0633/c52","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/beacd8db9db74a87","nativeRecordCid":"b10f94b5-4b85-46c0-9a5b-3a6e2e2325f7","documentId":"osft-doc-0633","id":"c52","text":"Making grant proposals publicly available through such a process would optimize the public-good impacts of the federal funding process.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"public availability of grant proposals","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"This would enhance transparency in research, encourage collaboration, and optimize the public-good impacts of the federal funding process.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0633/c53","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/11f2323872e54270","nativeRecordCid":"f6f99ee8-89ca-4325-9b76-d6578d584618","documentId":"osft-doc-0633","id":"c53","text":"Software and data are becoming increasingly critical pillars for scientific progress.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"software and data","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"As science evolves, software and data are becoming increasingly critical pillars for progress.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-0633/c54","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/55e70f6fa4e9409d","nativeRecordCid":"4771a3dd-95a5-4df5-826d-7a691399a000","documentId":"osft-doc-0633","id":"c54","text":"The infrastructure supporting open science software and data is likely to encounter the dual challenge of maintaining openness while safeguarding against security threats and privacy concerns.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"open science software and data infrastructure","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Yet the infrastructure supporting these models is likely to encounter the dual challenge of maintaining openness while safeguarding against security threats and privacy concerns.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0633/c55","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/57367188cb8040e3","nativeRecordCid":"e8824013-81b1-46ec-b53c-a1df3cbca88b","documentId":"osft-doc-0633","id":"c55","text":"Managing the delicate balance between openness and security must be done to enhance the trust and efficacy of scientific research.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"","subject":"balance between openness and security","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Managing this delicate balance is crucial for enhancing the trust and efficacy of scientific research.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-0633/c56","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/846bfc635ae9467d","nativeRecordCid":"6446b09d-80ea-4c6e-aa98-ce8e3eb88ea1","documentId":"osft-doc-0633","id":"c56","text":"Better mapping and supporting of key open science infrastructures is needed.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"","subject":"open science infrastructures","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"It highlights the need for better mapping and supporting key infrastructures, creating mechanisms for rapidly responding to threats, and ensuring robust standards and guidelines for protecting sensitive information.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-0633/c57","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/cd61135e4a224a5f","nativeRecordCid":"dfbb24e5-5c87-4ace-b66e-fef7d5072301","documentId":"osft-doc-0633","id":"c57","text":"Creating mechanisms for rapidly responding to security threats is needed.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"","subject":"response mechanisms for security threats","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"It highlights the need for better mapping and supporting key infrastructures, creating mechanisms for rapidly responding to threats, and ensuring robust standards and guidelines for protecting sensitive information.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0633/c58","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/d59da37a0f2244eb","nativeRecordCid":"e033daa2-a5e3-4010-86e4-f2ca2c6cfbce","documentId":"osft-doc-0633","id":"c58","text":"Ensuring robust standards and guidelines for protecting sensitive information is needed.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"","subject":"standards for protecting sensitive information","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"It highlights the need for better mapping and supporting key infrastructures, creating mechanisms for rapidly responding to threats, and ensuring robust standards and guidelines for protecting sensitive information.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0633/c59","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/7c00451525434952","nativeRecordCid":"f8e70138-3497-447b-9d5d-7e0920afd05e","documentId":"osft-doc-0633","id":"c59","text":"Strengthening the security of open science software and data protects the integrity of today's scientific research.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"security of open science software and data","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"By doing so, we not only protect the integrity of today’s scientific research but also lay a strong foundation for future innovations.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0633/c60","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/6a80eb84848a4883","nativeRecordCid":"c8af2d27-03e1-411c-8ad8-31cfcb89ade9","documentId":"osft-doc-0633","id":"c60","text":"Strengthening the security of open science software and data lays a strong foundation for future innovations.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"security of open science software and data","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"By doing so, we not only protect the integrity of today’s scientific research but also lay a strong foundation for future innovations.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-0633/c61","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/a9dec47ce5764167","nativeRecordCid":"017ba47b-ee1d-4b1a-91a6-c3981bf9cbb6","documentId":"osft-doc-0633","id":"c61","text":"Science funders should offer security-focused grant supplements to funded open science infrastructure projects.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"science funders","subject":"security-focused grant supplements","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"To support teams and allow for timely resolution to security problems, science funders should offer security-focused grant supplements to funded OSI projects.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0633/c62","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/a214be06ac704542","nativeRecordCid":"030f8014-5035-4e87-af0e-baaa235abf16","documentId":"osft-doc-0633","id":"c62","text":"All agencies that fund research should require that resulting publications include a Software Bill of Materials (SBOM) listing the software used in the research.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"agencies that fund research","subject":"Software Bill of Materials requirement","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"All agencies that fund research should require that resulting publications include a Software Bill of Materials (SBOM) listing the software used in the research.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0633/c63","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/b9e67ee466d34d4d","nativeRecordCid":"7de5f619-47f4-4b2d-aa2e-6a1266f77397","documentId":"osft-doc-0633","id":"c63","text":"The White House and federal science agencies should collaborate to develop and implement clear standards for research data privacy across the data management and sharing life cycle.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"White House and federal science agencies","subject":"research data privacy standards","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Building on existing data and privacy efforts, the White House and federal science agencies should collaborate to develop and implement clear standards for research data privacy across the data management and sharing life cycle.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0633/c64","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/424d774ef9274c21","nativeRecordCid":"7240d904-48e9-4f34-baba-9bb2e1316a0f","documentId":"osft-doc-0633","id":"c64","text":"The United States should establish a Digital Technology Fund through multi-stakeholder participation.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"United States","subject":"Digital Technology Fund","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"To better address security and sustainability of open source software, the United States should establish a Digital Technology Fund through multi-stakeholder participation.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0645/c1","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/708ce1ea824f4d94","nativeRecordCid":"9da7b0d2-7075-42ac-b9fd-052fa0f48aa4","documentId":"osft-doc-0645","id":"c1","text":"The infrastructure supporting the reuse of scholarly data must be improved.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"","subject":"infrastructure for scholarly data reuse","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"There is an urgent\nneed to improve the infrastructure supporting the reuse of scholarly data.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-0645/c2","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/08691c87439c45a8","nativeRecordCid":"9167ba21-baa1-425b-94f3-94887bc28883","documentId":"osft-doc-0645","id":"c2","text":"The FAIR Principles put specific emphasis on enhancing the ability of machines to automatically find and use data.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"FAIR Principles","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"the FAIR Principles put speci fic\nemphasis on enhancing the ability of machines to automatically\nfind and use the data, in addition to supporting its reuse by individuals.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-0645/c3","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/8617ddbea2c6423a","nativeRecordCid":"6c1e7de5-2efb-470a-82af-d06e5183f36d","documentId":"osft-doc-0645","id":"c3","text":"The FAIR Principles support data reuse by individuals.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"FAIR Principles","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"the FAIR Principles put speci fic\nemphasis on enhancing the ability of machines to automatically\nfind and use the data, in addition to supporting its reuse by individuals.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-0645/c4","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/4663bbd1d8d74bec","nativeRecordCid":"c3fbeabc-15ec-423a-a9cf-6865fbde3d6a","documentId":"osft-doc-0645","id":"c4","text":"Good data management is not a goal in itself.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"good data management","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Good data management is not a goal in itself, but rather is the key conduit leading to knowledge discovery and innovation, and to subsequent data and knowledge integration and reuse by the community after the data publication process.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0645/c5","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/5e1a97747b234307","nativeRecordCid":"e9650c3f-f16d-4120-941b-3d875017981c","documentId":"osft-doc-0645","id":"c5","text":"Good data management is the key conduit leading to knowledge discovery.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"good data management","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Good data management is not a goal in itself, but rather is the key conduit leading to knowledge discovery and innovation, and to subsequent data and knowledge integration and reuse by the community after the data publication process.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0645/c6","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/a0a37b5e6abc465f","nativeRecordCid":"bc5518c6-da04-4263-af43-10538fcc368d","documentId":"osft-doc-0645","id":"c6","text":"Good data management is the key conduit leading to innovation.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"good data management","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Good data management is not a goal in itself, but rather is the key conduit leading to knowledge discovery and innovation, and to subsequent data and knowledge integration and reuse by the community after the data publication process.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0645/c7","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/5099fd8652f24990","nativeRecordCid":"b6d1a836-a72f-4545-b524-bb720bdecb19","documentId":"osft-doc-0645","id":"c7","text":"Good data management is the key conduit leading to subsequent data and knowledge integration and reuse by the community after the data publication process.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"good data management","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Good data management is not a goal in itself, but rather is the key conduit leading to knowledge discovery and innovation, and to subsequent data and knowledge integration and reuse by the community after the data publication process.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-0645/c8","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/441d627c7667435a","nativeRecordCid":"cf6e2e4e-313c-4633-8d6d-346ba1799af9","documentId":"osft-doc-0645","id":"c8","text":"The existing digital ecosystem surrounding scholarly data publication prevents extraction of maximum benefit from research investments.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"existing digital ecosystem for scholarly data","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Unfortunately, the existing digital ecosystem\nsurrounding scholarly data publication prevents us from extracting maximum bene fitf r o mo u r\nresearch investments (e.g., ref. 1).","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0645/c9","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/6cabf0712d9941c1","nativeRecordCid":"fc338509-981a-4229-9bbb-e34478806d98","documentId":"osft-doc-0645","id":"c9","text":"Science funders, publishers, and governmental agencies are beginning to require data management and stewardship plans for data generated in publicly funded experiments.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"science funders, publishers, governmental agencies","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Partially in response to this, science funders, publishers and\ngovernmental agencies are beginning to require data management and stewardship plans for data\ngenerated in publicly funded experiments.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-0645/c10","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/a7bb93b03aa14e82","nativeRecordCid":"c44a34d6-349d-4791-ac09-a7b2f6f4955b","documentId":"osft-doc-0645","id":"c10","text":"Data stewardship includes the notion of 'long-term care' of valuable digital assets.","kind":"definitional","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"data stewardship","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Beyond proper collection, annotation, and archival, data\nstewardship includes the notion of ‘long-term care’ of valuable digital assets, with the goal that they\nshould be discovered and re-used for downstream investigations, either alone, or in combination with\nnewly generated data.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0645/c11","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/066b3e0f32904c8d","nativeRecordCid":"4bb39a2b-a1a7-433b-bf8c-ec57abc0af84","documentId":"osft-doc-0645","id":"c11","text":"Valuable digital assets should be discovered and re-used for downstream investigations, either alone or in combination with newly generated data.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"","subject":"valuable digital assets","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Beyond proper collection, annotation, and archival, data\nstewardship includes the notion of ‘long-term care’ of valuable digital assets, with the goal that they\nshould be discovered and re-used for downstream investigations, either alone, or in combination with\nnewly generated data.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0645/c12","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/3c6e9f3b69014f76","nativeRecordCid":"7f3501df-953d-49b7-a632-76cfcdf672a8","documentId":"osft-doc-0645","id":"c12","text":"Good data management and stewardship produce high quality digital publications that facilitate and simplify the ongoing process of discovery, evaluation, and reuse in downstream studies.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"good data management and stewardship","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The outcomes from good data management and stewardship, therefore, are\nhigh quality digital publications that facilitate and simplify this ongoing process of discovery, evaluation,\nand reuse in downstream studies.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0645/c13","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/7bf7c9d09faf44f3","nativeRecordCid":"bdf8fb69-8c27-4d02-8682-ce45d37df939","documentId":"osft-doc-0645","id":"c13","text":"What constitutes 'good data management' is largely undefined.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"'good data management'","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"What constitutes ‘good data management ’ is, however, largely\nundefined, and is generally left as a decision for the data or repository owner.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0645/c14","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/675608a292464c75","nativeRecordCid":"99d97018-2eb4-4a39-a87c-ea3287ff26a2","documentId":"osft-doc-0645","id":"c14","text":"What constitutes 'good data management' is generally left as a decision for the data or repository owner.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"'good data management'","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"What constitutes ‘good data management ’ is, however, largely\nundefined, and is generally left as a decision for the data or repository owner.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0645/c15","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/c6ecadd3462f4fcb","nativeRecordCid":"d4732416-8d3c-4c3f-90fb-fccb8af45e99","documentId":"osft-doc-0645","id":"c15","text":"Bringing clarity around the goals and desiderata of good data management and stewardship, and defining simple guideposts for those who publish and/or preserve scholarly data, would be of great utility.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"clarity and guideposts for data management","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Therefore, bringing some\nclarity around the goals and desiderata of good data management and stewardship, and de fining\nsimple guideposts to inform those who publish and/or preserve scholarly data, would be of great utility.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0645/c16","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/a9a4ac1718ec40b3","nativeRecordCid":"d409b77a-8fcf-4ec0-845d-d29e0452890c","documentId":"osft-doc-0645","id":"c16","text":"The FAIR principles apply not only to data in the conventional sense, but also to the algorithms, tools, and workflows that led to that data.","kind":"definitional","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"scope of FAIR principles","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Importantly, it is our intent that the principles apply not only to ‘data’ in the\nconventional sense, but also to the algorithms, tools, and work flows that led to that data.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0645/c17","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/412a8a862664440f","nativeRecordCid":"23b04b56-3d32-4a6f-b3bf-67071de0b97d","documentId":"osft-doc-0645","id":"c17","text":"All scholarly digital research objects benefit from application of the FAIR principles.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"scholarly digital research objects","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"All\nscholarly digital research objects 2— from data to analytical pipelines — benefit from application of\nthese principles, since all components of the research process must be available to ensure\ntransparency, reproducibility, and reusability.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0645/c18","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/d745b228dff84978","nativeRecordCid":"fcc43504-e5eb-489c-a4da-3681f2580467","documentId":"osft-doc-0645","id":"c18","text":"All components of the research process must be available to ensure transparency, reproducibility, and reusability.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"","subject":"components of the research process","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"All\nscholarly digital research objects 2— from data to analytical pipelines — benefit from application of\nthese principles, since all components of the research process must be available to ensure\ntransparency, reproducibility, and reusability.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-0645/c19","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/c4b0d8972e824fb6","nativeRecordCid":"185f0e4d-c3dd-4a7f-8602-8b22002b533a","documentId":"osft-doc-0645","id":"c19","text":"There are numerous and diverse stakeholders who stand to benefit from overcoming the obstacles to data discovery and reuse.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"stakeholders benefiting from overcoming data obstacles","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"There are numerous and diverse stakeholders who stand to bene fit from overcoming these obstacles:\nresearchers wanting to share, get credit, and reuse each other ’s data and interpretations; professional\ndata publishers offering their services; software and tool-builders providing data analysis and\nprocessing services such as reusable work flows; funding agencies (private and public) increasingly","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0645/c20","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/924fc064de8648d4","nativeRecordCid":"bc4fddf6-a687-4ce8-b6fc-593025ccec4d","documentId":"osft-doc-0645","id":"c20","text":"Applications and computational agents tasked with data retrieval and analysis on behalf of humans encounter problems similar to those humans face.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"computational agents","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Similar problems are\nencountered by the applications and computational agents that we task to undertake data retrieval\nand analysis on our behalf.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0645/c21","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/d4bbe53b8eb64392","nativeRecordCid":"46938d9f-c5aa-44ab-819f-7403a9ed4677","documentId":"osft-doc-0645","id":"c21","text":"Computational stakeholders are increasingly relevant and demand as much, or more, attention as their importance grows.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"computational stakeholders","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"These ‘computational stakeholders’are increasingly relevant, and demand\nas much, or more, attention as their importance grows.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0645/c22","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/f77103a9dd914890","nativeRecordCid":"a5632ad1-d0cb-4f8a-ac18-15b7620212a9","documentId":"osft-doc-0645","id":"c22","text":"Improving knowledge discovery by assisting both humans and their computational agents in the discovery, access, integration, and analysis of task-appropriate scientific data and other scholarly digital objects is one of the grand challenges of data-intensive science.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"data-intensive science grand challenge","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"One of the grand challenges of data-intensive\nscience, therefore, is to improve knowledge discovery through assisting both humans, and their\ncomputational agents, in the discovery of, access to, and integration and analysis of, task-appropriate\nscientific data and other scholarly digital objects.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-0645/c23","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/6be4da65af8a40ea","nativeRecordCid":"338927d7-096b-4694-ba59-5b4903c0749b","documentId":"osft-doc-0645","id":"c23","text":"There are well-curated, deeply-integrated, special-purpose repositories for certain types of important digital objects.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"special-purpose repositories","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"For certain types of important digital objects, there are well-curated, deeply-integrated,\nspecial-purpose repositories such as Genbank 3, Worldwide Protein Data Bank (wwPDB 4), and\nUniProt5 in the life sciences; Space Physics Data Facility (SPDF; http://spdf.gsfc.nasa.gov/) and Set of\nIdentifications, Measurements and Bibliography for Astronomical Data (SIMBAD 6) in the space\nsciences.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0645/c24","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/205a1384f11e4e99","nativeRecordCid":"9a4a277d-5794-4406-a261-59bf930a46b2","documentId":"osft-doc-0645","id":"c24","text":"These foundational and critical core resources continuously curate and capture high-value reference datasets and fine-tune them to enhance scholarly output.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"special-purpose core repositories","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"These foundational and critical core resources are continuously curating and capturing high-\nvalue reference datasets and fine-tuning them to enhance scholarly output, provide support for both\nhuman and mechanical users, and provide extensive tooling to access their content in rich, dynamic\nways.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0645/c25","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/22f8ba4800eb4239","nativeRecordCid":"28d2174f-7950-49e4-aaa3-00301ba5a2a9","documentId":"osft-doc-0645","id":"c25","text":"These foundational and critical core resources provide support for both human and mechanical users.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"special-purpose core repositories","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"These foundational and critical core resources are continuously curating and capturing high-\nvalue reference datasets and fine-tuning them to enhance scholarly output, provide support for both\nhuman and mechanical users, and provide extensive tooling to access their content in rich, dynamic\nways.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0645/c26","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/28cc7558f4414ec1","nativeRecordCid":"ab2996a1-2b83-43d3-8416-3b1cd3ca65f4","documentId":"osft-doc-0645","id":"c26","text":"These foundational and critical core resources provide extensive tooling to access their content in rich, dynamic ways.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"special-purpose core repositories","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"These foundational and critical core resources are continuously curating and capturing high-\nvalue reference datasets and fine-tuning them to enhance scholarly output, provide support for both\nhuman and mechanical users, and provide extensive tooling to access their content in rich, dynamic\nways.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0645/c27","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/c3239d7cb18c4952","nativeRecordCid":"2a63c894-41d7-4bec-b204-79f288f6292c","documentId":"osft-doc-0645","id":"c27","text":"Not all datasets or even data types can be captured by, or submitted to, special-purpose repositories.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"special-purpose repositories","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"However, not all datasets or even data types can be captured by, or submitted to, these\nrepositories.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0645/c28","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/ecae618152b1438e","nativeRecordCid":"9cb20ea7-7a08-446a-b93b-be20fee80bd3","documentId":"osft-doc-0645","id":"c28","text":"Many important datasets emerging from traditional, low-throughput bench science don't fit in the data models of special-purpose repositories.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"datasets from low-throughput bench science","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Many important datasets emerging from traditional, low-throughput bench science don ’t\nfit in the data models of these special-purpose repositories, yet these datasets are no less important\nwith respect to integrative research, reproducibility, and reuse in general.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0645/c29","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/c734926f36a24aaf","nativeRecordCid":"354ffa5c-a70a-40d5-add4-57995d91ac0d","documentId":"osft-doc-0645","id":"c29","text":"Datasets that don't fit special-purpose repository data models are no less important with respect to integrative research, reproducibility, and reuse in general.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"datasets from low-throughput bench science","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Many important datasets emerging from traditional, low-throughput bench science don ’t\nfit in the data models of these special-purpose repositories, yet these datasets are no less important\nwith respect to integrative research, reproducibility, and reuse in general.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0645/c30","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/c9ed485d321e473f","nativeRecordCid":"4500add7-8b6c-4be9-b0e8-0cd58f3204f1","documentId":"osft-doc-0645","id":"c30","text":"There is an emergence of numerous general-purpose data repositories at scales ranging from institutional to open globally-scoped repositories.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"general-purpose data repositories","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Apparently in response to\nthis, we see the emergence of numerous general-purpose data repositories, at scales ranging from\ninstitutional (for example, a single university), to open globally-scoped repositories such as Dataverse 7,","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-0645/c31","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/83794ed8a2a3466b","nativeRecordCid":"8b61aa38-b32e-4c90-b155-da392afa7baa","documentId":"osft-doc-0645","id":"c31","text":"General-purpose data repositories accept a wide range of data types in a wide variety of formats.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"general-purpose data repositories","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Such\nrepositories accept a wide range of data types in a wide variety of formats, generally do not attempt\nto integrate or harmonize the deposited data, and place few restrictions (or requirements) on the\ndescriptors of the data deposition.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0645/c32","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/6f7323d4fb424ef1","nativeRecordCid":"79394f8a-e642-4de1-a3f2-66556db7c346","documentId":"osft-doc-0645","id":"c32","text":"General-purpose data repositories generally do not attempt to integrate or harmonize the deposited data.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"general-purpose data repositories","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Such\nrepositories accept a wide range of data types in a wide variety of formats, generally do not attempt\nto integrate or harmonize the deposited data, and place few restrictions (or requirements) on the\ndescriptors of the data deposition.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0645/c33","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/6832eabf92dc4e87","nativeRecordCid":"a95b3177-805e-409d-a592-6311c48f4441","documentId":"osft-doc-0645","id":"c33","text":"General-purpose data repositories place few restrictions or requirements on the descriptors of the data deposition.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"general-purpose data repositories","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Such\nrepositories accept a wide range of data types in a wide variety of formats, generally do not attempt\nto integrate or harmonize the deposited data, and place few restrictions (or requirements) on the\ndescriptors of the data deposition.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0645/c34","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/4650df3b62404535","nativeRecordCid":"91aeaa3b-439a-4f8f-be41-a719fe2de5a9","documentId":"osft-doc-0645","id":"c34","text":"The resulting data ecosystem appears to be moving away from centralization.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"data ecosystem trend","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The resulting data ecosystem, therefore, appears to be moving\naway from centralization, is becoming more diverse, and less integrated, thereby exacerbating the\ndiscovery and re-usability problem for both human and computational stakeholders.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-0645/c35","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/f03ea487569b47e7","nativeRecordCid":"551f17c5-c718-4d83-a4db-17917714dbde","documentId":"osft-doc-0645","id":"c35","text":"The resulting data ecosystem is becoming more diverse.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"data ecosystem trend","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The resulting data ecosystem, therefore, appears to be moving\naway from centralization, is becoming more diverse, and less integrated, thereby exacerbating the\ndiscovery and re-usability problem for both human and computational stakeholders.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0645/c36","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/b81cefb1632544e9","nativeRecordCid":"d249602b-a5f1-407f-a5b4-cd378fe2f923","documentId":"osft-doc-0645","id":"c36","text":"The resulting data ecosystem is becoming less integrated.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"data ecosystem trend","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The resulting data ecosystem, therefore, appears to be moving\naway from centralization, is becoming more diverse, and less integrated, thereby exacerbating the\ndiscovery and re-usability problem for both human and computational stakeholders.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0645/c37","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/f93581cdb2d947ed","nativeRecordCid":"50763a24-78fd-4c0c-9c4e-6a62497e5139","documentId":"osft-doc-0645","id":"c37","text":"The trend of the data ecosystem moving away from centralization, becoming more diverse, and less integrated exacerbates the discovery and re-usability problem for both human and computational stakeholders.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"data ecosystem trend","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The resulting data ecosystem, therefore, appears to be moving\naway from centralization, is becoming more diverse, and less integrated, thereby exacerbating the\ndiscovery and re-usability problem for both human and computational stakeholders.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0645/c38","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/0351f093893f4715","nativeRecordCid":"e9ae1f25-7400-463d-b380-1f22b744b6bd","documentId":"osft-doc-0645","id":"c38","text":"Deeply and broadly integrative analyses constitute the bulk of contemporary e-Science.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"contemporary e-Science","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Questions such as these highlight some of the barriers to data discovery and reuse, not only for\nhumans, but even more so for machines; yet it is precisely these kinds of deeply and broadly\nintegrative analyses that constitute the bulk of contemporary e-Science.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0645/c39","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/cbd60856aca340ad","nativeRecordCid":"ad1a2011-fcb8-42d2-b736-5ab9768da308","documentId":"osft-doc-0645","id":"c39","text":"The need for significant specialist technical effort to gather data for research questions arises not from a lack of appropriate technology, but from insufficient care given to valuable digital objects when they are created and preserved.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"need for specialist technical effort to gather data","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The reason that we often\nneed several weeks (or months) of specialist technical effort to gather the data necessary to answer\nsuch research questions is not the lack of appropriate technology; the reason is, that we do not pay\nour valuable digital objects the careful attention they deserve when we create and preserve them.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0645/c40","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/9bd0d84bca7d46e8","nativeRecordCid":"40c5f6b7-03f2-4ac0-a91c-ac37023a12a0","documentId":"osft-doc-0645","id":"c40","text":"All stakeholders, including researchers, special-purpose repositories, and general-purpose repositories, must evolve to meet the emergent challenges of data discovery and reuse.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"researchers, special-purpose and general-purpose repositories","subject":"stakeholders in data discovery and reuse","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Overcoming these barriers, therefore, necessitates that all stakeholders — including researchers,\nspecial-purpose, and general-purpose repositories — evolve to meet the emergent challenges\ndescribed above.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0645/c41","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/73200a1150534a55","nativeRecordCid":"451a0e47-df7e-49c8-afaf-e47343f49f8e","documentId":"osft-doc-0645","id":"c41","text":"Scholarly digital objects of all kinds should become 'first class citizens' in the scientific publication ecosystem.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"","subject":"scholarly digital objects","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The goal is for scholarly digital objects of all kinds to become ‘first class citizens ’\nin the scienti fic publication ecosystem, where the quality of the publication — and more importantly,\nthe impact of the publication — is a function of its ability to be accurately and appropriately found, re-\nused, and cited over time, by all stakeholders, both human and mechanical.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0645/c42","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/a708542f3e414df1","nativeRecordCid":"95cc7e79-e114-4220-a512-5308e1f3d29d","documentId":"osft-doc-0645","id":"c42","text":"The quality, and more importantly the impact, of a publication is a function of its ability to be accurately and appropriately found, re-used, and cited over time by all stakeholders, both human and mechanical.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"quality and impact of a publication","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The goal is for scholarly digital objects of all kinds to become ‘first class citizens ’\nin the scienti fic publication ecosystem, where the quality of the publication — and more importantly,\nthe impact of the publication — is a function of its ability to be accurately and appropriately found, re-\nused, and cited over time, by all stakeholders, both human and mechanical.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0645/c43","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/ee0ce7a65ac04da3","nativeRecordCid":"9233966c-1209-4321-b012-b83b65c58708","documentId":"osft-doc-0645","id":"c43","text":"A minimal set of community-agreed guiding principles and practices enables all stakeholders to more easily discover, access, appropriately integrate and re-use, and adequately cite the vast quantities of information generated by contemporary data-intensive science.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"community-agreed guiding principles and practices","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"From the\ndeliberations at the workshop the notion emerged that, through the de finition of, and widespread\nsupport for, a minimal set of community-agreed guiding principles and practices, all stakeholders\ncould more easily discover, access, appropriately integrate and re-use, and adequately cite, the vast\nquantities of information being generated by contemporary data-intensive science.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0645/c44","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/33e9c8e7669646ed","nativeRecordCid":"c337ca17-f2c9-4c8f-8917-fdbd07c9cecd","documentId":"osft-doc-0645","id":"c44","text":"All research objects should be Findable, both for machines and for people.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"","subject":"research objects","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The meeting\nconcluded with a draft formulation of a set of foundational principles that were subsequently\nelaborated in greater detail — namely, that all research objects should be Findable, Accessible,\nInteroperable and Reusable (FAIR) both for machines and for people.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-0645/c45","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/3d24158a0d5e4993","nativeRecordCid":"65b9dc34-796f-4fb3-9ad8-951de94d79fb","documentId":"osft-doc-0645","id":"c45","text":"All research objects should be Accessible, both for machines and for people.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"","subject":"research objects","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The meeting\nconcluded with a draft formulation of a set of foundational principles that were subsequently\nelaborated in greater detail — namely, that all research objects should be Findable, Accessible,\nInteroperable and Reusable (FAIR) both for machines and for people.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-0645/c46","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/c5834ba559074706","nativeRecordCid":"2bd2632b-9bc4-4f58-b186-93cfc613f412","documentId":"osft-doc-0645","id":"c46","text":"All research objects should be Interoperable, both for machines and for people.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"","subject":"research objects","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The meeting\nconcluded with a draft formulation of a set of foundational principles that were subsequently\nelaborated in greater detail — namely, that all research objects should be Findable, Accessible,\nInteroperable and Reusable (FAIR) both for machines and for people.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-0645/c47","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/4cf979ebd8264ed7","nativeRecordCid":"fa9d86d8-073d-4d61-b9d2-0efcd3b5c0be","documentId":"osft-doc-0645","id":"c47","text":"All research objects should be Reusable, both for machines and for people.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"","subject":"research objects","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The meeting\nconcluded with a draft formulation of a set of foundational principles that were subsequently\nelaborated in greater detail — namely, that all research objects should be Findable, Accessible,\nInteroperable and Reusable (FAIR) both for machines and for people.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-0645/c48","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/0d3f0342c6944e0b","nativeRecordCid":"b63242f5-bf64-41f7-be84-719ad818b15b","documentId":"osft-doc-0645","id":"c48","text":"The FAIR Guiding Principles place emphasis on FAIRness applying to both human-driven and machine-driven activities, which distinguishes them from many peer initiatives.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"FAIR Guiding Principles","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The emphasis placed on FAIRness being applied to both human-driven and machine-driven activities,\nis a speci fic focus of the FAIR Guiding Principles that distinguishes them from many peer initiatives\n(discussed in the subsequent section).","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0645/c49","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/980268c1a3c04473","nativeRecordCid":"d2940d9e-6287-4e08-b8cb-94b5b187fb4b","documentId":"osft-doc-0645","id":"c49","text":"Humans and machines often face distinct barriers when attempting to find and process data on the Web.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"humans and machines","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Humans and machines often face distinct barriers when\nattempting to find and process data on the Web.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0645/c50","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/579213001f7646bc","nativeRecordCid":"97016877-d990-4de3-82a9-01449e29d290","documentId":"osft-doc-0645","id":"c50","text":"Humans have an intuitive sense of 'semantics' because they are capable of identifying and interpreting a wide variety of contextual cues.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"humans","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Humans have an intuitive sense of ‘semantics’(the\nmeaning or intent of a digital object) because we are capable of identifying and interpreting a wide\nvariety of contextual cues, whether those take the form of structural/visual/iconic cues in the layout of\na Web page, or the content of narrative notes.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0645/c51","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/824df78da63e433f","nativeRecordCid":"72bba63a-5faa-478e-b933-f897545b247d","documentId":"osft-doc-0645","id":"c51","text":"Humans are less likely to make errors in the selection of appropriate data or other digital objects.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"humans","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"As such, we are less likely to make errors in the\nselection of appropriate data or other digital objects, although humans will face similar dif ficulties if\nsufficient contextual metadata is lacking.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0645/c52","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/eb4c8a6fc28a4131","nativeRecordCid":"01f9ed56-df96-4f35-a705-60b632895cfb","documentId":"osft-doc-0645","id":"c52","text":"Humans will face difficulties similar to machines' if sufficient contextual metadata is lacking.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"humans","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"As such, we are less likely to make errors in the\nselection of appropriate data or other digital objects, although humans will face similar dif ficulties if\nsufficient contextual metadata is lacking.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0645/c53","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/c58deebdd7f04be9","nativeRecordCid":"44ff54ee-e4f4-49c7-81ac-c09ec994db94","documentId":"osft-doc-0645","id":"c53","text":"Humans are unable to operate at the scope, scale, and speed necessitated by the scale of contemporary scientific data and complexity of e-Science.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"humans' limitations","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The primary limitation of humans, however, is that we are\nunable to operate at the scope, scale, and speed necessitated by the scale of contemporary scienti fic\ndata and complexity of e-Science.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0645/c54","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/c6b434dd8d344f70","nativeRecordCid":"2e953c87-2802-48a8-934b-d1dd792f3ace","documentId":"osft-doc-0645","id":"c54","text":"Humans increasingly rely on computational agents to undertake discovery and integration tasks on their behalf.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"humans' reliance on computational agents","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"It is for this reason that humans increasingly rely on computational agents to undertake discovery and integration tasks on their behalf.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0645/c55","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/e2c0aa76c6e348ab","nativeRecordCid":"868bb211-71fe-48a3-bee5-4c329b768cd5","documentId":"osft-doc-0645","id":"c55","text":"Machines must be capable of autonomously and appropriately acting when faced with the wide range of types, formats, and access-mechanisms/protocols encountered during their self-guided exploration of the global data ecosystem.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"machines","subject":"machines","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"This necessitates machines to be\ncapable of autonomously and appropriately acting when faced with the wide range of types, formats,\nand access-mechanisms/protocols that will be encountered during their self-guided exploration of the\nglobal data ecosystem.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0645/c56","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/8e7b867c929e442f","nativeRecordCid":"a099e4c5-1607-48ee-9ada-d8e3fef0d6a7","documentId":"osft-doc-0645","id":"c56","text":"Machines must keep an exquisite record of provenance such that the data they are collecting can be accurately and adequately cited.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"machines","subject":"machines","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"It also\nnecessitates that the machines keep an exquisite record of provenance such that the data they are\ncollecting can be accurately and adequately cited.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0645/c57","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/64db9409ca744636","nativeRecordCid":"264c9504-c9fd-485f-ac5c-de218928390f","documentId":"osft-doc-0645","id":"c57","text":"Assisting computational agents is a critical consideration for all participants in the data management and stewardship process.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"assisting computational agents","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Assisting these agents,\ntherefore, is a critical consideration for all participants in the data management and stewardship\nprocess— from researchers and data producers to data repository hosts.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0645/c58","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/53fb040f3bfc48fc","nativeRecordCid":"35d9f86c-a653-4729-a9f5-cb298082077d","documentId":"osft-doc-0645","id":"c58","text":"The phrase 'machine actionable' indicates a continuum of possible states wherein a digital object provides increasingly more detailed information to an autonomously-acting, computational data explorer.","kind":"definitional","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"'machine actionable'","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Throughout this paper, we use the phrase ‘machine actionable ’ to indicate a continuum of possible\nstates wherein a digital object provides increasingly more detailed information to an autonomously-\nacting, computational data explorer.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0645/c59","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/149d6a0ef8de445e","nativeRecordCid":"58adb8ca-7819-4b23-8ead-b492f09dbee9","documentId":"osft-doc-0645","id":"c59","text":"Machine-actionable information enables a computational agent to identify the type of a previously unencountered digital object, with respect to both structure and intent.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"machine-actionable information","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"This information enables the agent — to a degree dependent on\nthe amount of detail provided — to have the capacity, when faced with a digital object never\nencountered before, to: a) identify the type of object (with respect to both structure and intent), b)\ndetermine if it is useful within the context of the agent ’s current task by interrogating metadata and/\nor data elements, c) determine if it is usable, with respect to license, consent, or other accessibility or\nuse constraints, and d) take appropriate action, in much the same manner that a human would.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0645/c60","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/9581f098845e4bf4","nativeRecordCid":"4e4701d9-5602-4142-b4db-62af747ef896","documentId":"osft-doc-0645","id":"c60","text":"Machine-actionable information enables a computational agent to determine if a digital object is useful within the context of the agent's current task by interrogating metadata and/or data elements.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"machine-actionable information","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"This information enables the agent — to a degree dependent on\nthe amount of detail provided — to have the capacity, when faced with a digital object never\nencountered before, to: a) identify the type of object (with respect to both structure and intent), b)\ndetermine if it is useful within the context of the agent ’s current task by interrogating metadata and/\nor data elements, c) determine if it is usable, with respect to license, consent, or other accessibility or\nuse constraints, and d) take appropriate action, in much the same manner that a human would.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0645/c61","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/e47a08ef7a544778","nativeRecordCid":"77c32ba5-bfaa-4b2f-94dd-008a264a679e","documentId":"osft-doc-0645","id":"c61","text":"Machine-actionable information enables a computational agent to determine if a digital object is usable, with respect to license, consent, or other accessibility or use constraints.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"machine-actionable information","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"This information enables the agent — to a degree dependent on\nthe amount of detail provided — to have the capacity, when faced with a digital object never\nencountered before, to: a) identify the type of object (with respect to both structure and intent), b)\ndetermine if it is useful within the context of the agent ’s current task by interrogating metadata and/\nor data elements, c) determine if it is usable, with respect to license, consent, or other accessibility or\nuse constraints, and d) take appropriate action, in much the same manner that a human would.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0645/c62","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/405a3690ab724bf5","nativeRecordCid":"45411774-4f21-4cdd-9858-d9c73e9575d3","documentId":"osft-doc-0645","id":"c62","text":"Machine-actionable information enables a computational agent to take appropriate action regarding a digital object, in much the same manner that a human would.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"machine-actionable information","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"This information enables the agent — to a degree dependent on\nthe amount of detail provided — to have the capacity, when faced with a digital object never\nencountered before, to: a) identify the type of object (with respect to both structure and intent), b)\ndetermine if it is useful within the context of the agent ’s current task by interrogating metadata and/\nor data elements, c) determine if it is usable, with respect to license, consent, or other accessibility or\nuse constraints, and d) take appropriate action, in much the same manner that a human would.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0645/c63","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/2530bef45366445c","nativeRecordCid":"55b8731a-8ed6-40d5-842a-6cbd4471f1fa","documentId":"osft-doc-0645","id":"c63","text":"The optimal state, where machines fully understand and can autonomously and correctly operate on a digital object, may rarely be achieved.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"optimal state of machine understanding","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The optimal state — where machines fully ‘understand’and can autonomously\nand correctly operate-on a digital object — may rarely be achieved.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0645/c64","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/2919f5443dd14a01","nativeRecordCid":"198cb1a2-3abd-4ad8-ae4d-e07ec9a3cdda","documentId":"osft-doc-0645","id":"c64","text":"The FAIR principles provide 'steps along a path' toward machine-actionability.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"FAIR principles","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Nevertheless, the FAIR principles\nprovide ‘steps along a path ’ toward machine-actionability; adopting, in whole or in part, the FAIR","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-0645/c65","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/b7a72fb753524a21","nativeRecordCid":"2edb9261-8960-487e-a687-15e342733cf7","documentId":"osft-doc-0645","id":"c65","text":"Adopting the FAIR principles, in whole or in part, leads the resource along the continuum towards the optimal state of machine-actionability.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"adopting FAIR principles","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Nevertheless, the FAIR principles\nprovide ‘steps along a path ’ toward machine-actionability; adopting, in whole or in part, the FAIR","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-0645/c66","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/26a207e41e294c8f","nativeRecordCid":"c2b84b61-40bc-4546-99ba-520ce08d8fc1","documentId":"osft-doc-0645","id":"c66","text":"The idea of being machine-actionable applies to the contextual metadata surrounding a digital object.","kind":"definitional","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"'machine-actionable'","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"In addition, the idea of\nbeing machine-actionable applies in two contexts — first, when referring to the contextual metadata\nsurrounding a digital object ( ‘what is it? ’), and second, when referring to the content of the digital\nobject itself ( ‘how do I process it/integrate it? ’).","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0645/c67","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/72e680f3ad2a440c","nativeRecordCid":"d961fd26-d146-44b2-865f-df8fe3557643","documentId":"osft-doc-0645","id":"c67","text":"The idea of being machine-actionable applies to the content of the digital object itself.","kind":"definitional","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"'machine-actionable'","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"In addition, the idea of\nbeing machine-actionable applies in two contexts — first, when referring to the contextual metadata\nsurrounding a digital object ( ‘what is it? ’), and second, when referring to the content of the digital\nobject itself ( ‘how do I process it/integrate it? ’).","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0645/c68","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/dca0539ba19a4a46","nativeRecordCid":"1ab7847e-ca5e-495b-9401-e96b00f8c172","documentId":"osft-doc-0645","id":"c68","text":"Metadata and content each form their own continuum of actionability, and either or both may be machine-actionable.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"metadata and content actionability","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Either, or both of these may be machine-actionable,\nand each forms its own continuum of actionability.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0645/c69","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/e0b1372259644ad5","nativeRecordCid":"f0f37e6d-904c-4c12-8d49-fc1ea8392e3c","documentId":"osft-doc-0645","id":"c69","text":"Data can be machine-actionable either as a result of specific investment in software supporting that data-type, or through the utilization of general-purpose, open technologies.","kind":"definitional","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"machine-actionability types","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Finally, we wish to draw a distinction between data that is machine-actionable as a result of speci fic\ninvestment in software supporting that data-type, for example, bespoke parsers that understand life\nscience wwPDB files or space science Space Physics Archive Search and Extract (SPASE) files, and\ndata that is machine-actionable exclusively through the utilization of general-purpose, open\ntechnologies.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0645/c70","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/8fb8ff4c39334eda","nativeRecordCid":"3e7b5db9-9e5f-4973-9bea-b8c052315410","documentId":"osft-doc-0645","id":"c70","text":"Ultimate machine-actionability occurs when a machine can make a useful decision regarding data that it has not encountered before.","kind":"definitional","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"ultimate machine-actionability","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"To reiterate the earlier point — ultimate machine-actionability occurs when a machine\ncan make a useful decision regarding data that it has not encountered before.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0645/c71","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/4faf65a362074000","nativeRecordCid":"52bc3bf6-8761-469a-b7a9-c484b36f4f21","documentId":"osft-doc-0645","id":"c71","text":"The data environment is rapidly growing and evolving, with new technologies and new, more complex data-types continuously being developed.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"data environment","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"This distinction is\nimportant when considering both (a) the rapidly growing and evolving data environment, with new\ntechnologies and new, more complex data-types continuously being developed, and (b) the growth of\ngeneral-purpose repositories, where the data-types likely to be encountered by an agent are\nunpredictable.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-0645/c72","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/3a680c855d9b4bc7","nativeRecordCid":"7842a023-f850-4737-98b4-f7673b873be7","documentId":"osft-doc-0645","id":"c72","text":"The data-types likely to be encountered by an agent in general-purpose repositories are unpredictable.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"general-purpose repositories","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"This distinction is\nimportant when considering both (a) the rapidly growing and evolving data environment, with new\ntechnologies and new, more complex data-types continuously being developed, and (b) the growth of\ngeneral-purpose repositories, where the data-types likely to be encountered by an agent are\nunpredictable.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0645/c73","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/7e278eb9c20e43ca","nativeRecordCid":"9eb83be7-4b38-478e-921c-8e8e8238408e","documentId":"osft-doc-0645","id":"c73","text":"Creating bespoke parsers, in all computer languages, for all data-types and all analytical tools that require those data-types, is not a sustainable activity.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"bespoke parsers","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Creating bespoke parsers, in all computer languages, for all data-types and all\nanalytical tools that require those data-types, is not a sustainable activity.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0645/c74","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/848e5811b1b3466a","nativeRecordCid":"c0c12a37-a912-40a4-b1c8-e76d022e14e4","documentId":"osft-doc-0645","id":"c74","text":"Assisting machines in their discovery and exploration of data through application of more generalized interoperability technologies and standards at the data/repository level must be a first priority for good data stewardship.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"","subject":"assisting machines via generalized interoperability technologies","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"As such, the focus on\nassisting machines in their discovery and exploration of data through application of more generalized\ninteroperability technologies and standards at the data/repository level, becomes a first-priority for\ngood data stewardship.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0645/c75","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/5bcff8f94f8e402a","nativeRecordCid":"a645d7a0-d587-465e-b409-c2dfc4465494","documentId":"osft-doc-0645","id":"c75","text":"The FAIR Guiding Principles describe distinct considerations for contemporary data publishing environments with respect to supporting both manual and automated deposition, exploration, sharing, and reuse.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"FAIR Guiding Principles","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The FAIR\nGuiding Principles describe distinct considerations for contemporary data publishing environments\nwith respect to supporting both manual and automated deposition, exploration, sharing, and reuse.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0645/c76","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/37a1968b5d5f45a2","nativeRecordCid":"f867b2a1-0a17-4827-817d-96e5faea0392","documentId":"osft-doc-0645","id":"c76","text":"FAIR describes concise, domain-independent, high-level principles that can be applied to a wide range of scholarly outputs.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"FAIR","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"While there have been a number of recent, often domain-focused publications advocating for\nspeci fic improvements in practices relating to data management and archival 1,11,12, FAIR differs in that\nit describes concise, domain-independent, high-level principles that can be applied to a wide range of\nscholarly outputs.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-0645/c77","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/f3b4331d5041495c","nativeRecordCid":"cd0535af-75d9-4d58-b245-280eb170aca1","documentId":"osft-doc-0645","id":"c77","text":"The phrase '(meta)data' is used to indicate that a Principle should be applied to both metadata and data.","kind":"definitional","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"'(meta)data'","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Throughout the Principles, we use the phrase ‘(meta)data’ in cases where the\nPrinciple should be applied to both metadata and data.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0645/c78","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/f2cc4c438ebf4339","nativeRecordCid":"33c21cfc-34f1-4e1e-8ade-6575edd07dc4","documentId":"osft-doc-0645","id":"c78","text":"The elements of the FAIR Principles are related, but independent and separable.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"elements of the FAIR Principles","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The elements of the FAIR Principles are related, but independent and separable.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0645/c79","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/6e3497eb714e41e4","nativeRecordCid":"a01c50a0-342e-437a-8271-910128c1fe0d","documentId":"osft-doc-0645","id":"c79","text":"Contemporary data resources, tools, vocabularies, and infrastructures should exhibit the characteristics defined by the FAIR Principles to assist discovery and reuse by third parties.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"contemporary data resources, tools, vocabularies and infrastructures","subject":"data resources, tools, vocabularies, infrastructures","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The Principles de fine\ncharacteristics that contemporary data resources, tools, vocabularies and infrastructures should\nexhibit to assist discovery and reuse by third-parties.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0645/c80","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/f633bf6583e04ed8","nativeRecordCid":"dd4a7afb-1ad3-43af-a42c-999a908c13c8","documentId":"osft-doc-0645","id":"c80","text":"By minimally defining each guiding principle, the barrier-to-entry for data producers, publishers, and stewards who wish to make their data holdings FAIR is purposely maintained as low as possible.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"barrier-to-entry for FAIR adoption","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"By minimally de fining each guiding principle, the\nbarrier-to-entry for data producers, publishers and stewards who wish to make their data holdings\nFAIR is purposely maintained as low as possible.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0645/c81","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/9e60a037a4274607","nativeRecordCid":"0c85d770-b979-4eb4-b7be-f3c465e1f64a","documentId":"osft-doc-0645","id":"c81","text":"The Principles may be adhered to in any combination and incrementally, as data providers' publishing environments evolve to increasing degrees of 'FAIRness'.","kind":"normative","modality":"may","actor":"data providers","subject":"adherence to the FAIR Principles","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The Principles may be adhered to in any combination and incrementally, as data providers ’\npublishing environments evolve to increasing degrees of\n‘FAIRness’.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0645/c82","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/8427425541bb4686","nativeRecordCid":"596f013d-b67c-4f00-a18e-d60a6e441a57","documentId":"osft-doc-0645","id":"c82","text":"The modularity of the Principles, and their distinction between data and metadata, explicitly support a wide range of special circumstances.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"modularity of the FAIR Principles","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Moreover, the modularity of the Principles, and their\ndistinction between data and metadata, explicitly support a wide range of special circumstances.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0645/c83","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/92eb4e513ee84907","nativeRecordCid":"2a904778-389c-42fe-ac5b-8bba12c6eaad","documentId":"osft-doc-0645","id":"c83","text":"For highly sensitive or personally-identifiable data, publication of rich metadata to facilitate discovery, including clear rules regarding the process for accessing the data, provides a high degree of 'FAIRness' even in the absence of FAIR publication of the data itself.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"FAIRness of sensitive data via metadata","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"One such example is highly\nsensitive or personally-identi fiable data, where publication of rich metadata to facilitate discovery,\nincluding clear rules regarding the process for accessing the data, provides a high degree of ‘FAIRness’\neven in the absence of FAIR publication of the data itself.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0645/c84","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/8db0f361cbc44872","nativeRecordCid":"1e3585cf-8956-46b2-bc05-ec0bc4a59f7a","documentId":"osft-doc-0645","id":"c84","text":"(Meta)data should be assigned a globally unique and persistent identifier.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"","subject":"(meta)data identifier","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"F1. (meta)data are assigned a globally unique and persistent identi fier","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-0645/c85","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/9cbd20abc5914e41","nativeRecordCid":"31ecd734-5c41-4ed2-93fa-d870548fe344","documentId":"osft-doc-0645","id":"c85","text":"Data should be described with rich metadata.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"","subject":"data description","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"F2. data are described with rich metadata (de fined by R 1 below)","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-0645/c86","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/694f34683e5c4237","nativeRecordCid":"ed045691-6877-4eb1-bc06-e405fb143cfd","documentId":"osft-doc-0645","id":"c86","text":"Metadata should clearly and explicitly include the identifier of the data it describes.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"","subject":"metadata identifier inclusion","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"F3. metadata clearly and explicitly include the identi fier of the data it describes","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0645/c87","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/4302f707da7143f1","nativeRecordCid":"2ecf1f7c-2a6d-4793-b4d1-ea2ae81b4a60","documentId":"osft-doc-0645","id":"c87","text":"(Meta)data should be registered or indexed in a searchable resource.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"","subject":"(meta)data registration","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"F4. (meta)data are registered or indexed in a searchable resource","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-0645/c88","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/ca12ffb5e8de4634","nativeRecordCid":"7ee12baa-a50f-415b-b40a-1433995e33b8","documentId":"osft-doc-0645","id":"c88","text":"(Meta)data should be retrievable by their identifier using a standardized communications protocol.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"","subject":"(meta)data retrieval protocol","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"A1. (meta)data are retrievable by their identi fier using a standardized communications protocol","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-0645/c89","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/f8032b28b0a04102","nativeRecordCid":"4be8858d-777a-4134-90e7-9a433297ec9b","documentId":"osft-doc-0645","id":"c89","text":"The communications protocol used to retrieve (meta)data should be open, free, and universally implementable.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"","subject":"communications protocol","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"A1.1 the protocol is open, free, and universally implementable","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-0645/c90","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/9807b9d217724069","nativeRecordCid":"b2ff4916-2405-4cd3-b102-4b1ae989dbea","documentId":"osft-doc-0645","id":"c90","text":"The protocol should allow for an authentication and authorization procedure, where necessary.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"","subject":"communications protocol authentication","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"A1.2 the protocol allows for an authentication and authorization procedure, where necessary","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-0645/c91","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/df0e320806f1415b","nativeRecordCid":"7e1ac332-acfc-49cf-adf8-a61d289653c5","documentId":"osft-doc-0645","id":"c91","text":"Metadata should be accessible even when the data are no longer available.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"","subject":"metadata accessibility","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"A2. metadata are accessible, even when the data are no longer available","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-0645/c92","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/2dd1935993744d81","nativeRecordCid":"807192e1-028c-473b-9179-5d794684fd2d","documentId":"osft-doc-0645","id":"c92","text":"(Meta)data should use a formal, accessible, shared, and broadly applicable language for knowledge representation.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"","subject":"(meta)data knowledge representation language","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"I1. (meta)data use a formal, accessible, shared, and broadly applicable language for knowledge representation.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-0645/c93","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/0a32074a698a4e7d","nativeRecordCid":"784e21a4-f8a9-49f7-a052-c4f196eec1bd","documentId":"osft-doc-0645","id":"c93","text":"(Meta)data should use vocabularies that follow FAIR principles.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"","subject":"(meta)data vocabularies","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"I2. (meta)data use vocabularies that follow FAIR principles","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-0645/c94","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/dca9043f4a58455f","nativeRecordCid":"33248cca-a430-4501-85f6-7fe3e288d674","documentId":"osft-doc-0645","id":"c94","text":"(Meta)data should include qualified references to other (meta)data.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"","subject":"(meta)data references","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"I3. (meta)data include quali fied references to other (meta)data","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-0645/c95","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/de6bbc3ff2c44473","nativeRecordCid":"daf45f95-7fb9-44b4-a045-50ee2a33ccdb","documentId":"osft-doc-0645","id":"c95","text":"(Meta)data should be richly described with a plurality of accurate and relevant attributes.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"","subject":"(meta)data attributes","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"R1. meta(data) are richly described with a plurality of accurate and relevant attributes","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-0645/c96","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/20c235ad519c4040","nativeRecordCid":"b5bd8b11-6a16-4617-8763-a961a24bd1f2","documentId":"osft-doc-0645","id":"c96","text":"(Meta)data should be released with a clear and accessible data usage license.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"","subject":"(meta)data usage license","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"R1.1. (meta)data are released with a clear and accessible data usage license","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-0645/c97","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/05b1c4dc4a094241","nativeRecordCid":"fcd4f3bc-46c5-411d-a383-6d3286f72f59","documentId":"osft-doc-0645","id":"c97","text":"(Meta)data should be associated with detailed provenance.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"","subject":"(meta)data provenance","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"R1.2. (meta)data are associated with detailed provenance","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-0645/c98","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/7b0338d4d6524c78","nativeRecordCid":"4c88a947-20a7-4803-ad56-d9c6ca3a8976","documentId":"osft-doc-0645","id":"c98","text":"(Meta)data should meet domain-relevant community standards.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"","subject":"(meta)data community standards","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"R1.3. (meta)data meet domain-relevant community standards","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-0645/c99","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/92d3774438784e88","nativeRecordCid":"8d1e9ab0-d2a9-4bb5-944e-2e9a15091034","documentId":"osft-doc-0645","id":"c99","text":"Analytical workflows are a critical component of the scholarly ecosystem.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"analytical workflows","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Analytical work flows, for example, are a critical component of the\nscholarly ecosystem, and their formal publication is necessary to achieve both transparency and\nscientific reproducibility.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0645/c100","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/0d10b1a9aaad4f07","nativeRecordCid":"b85723a7-196a-4d01-8964-a7bbc2e8377a","documentId":"osft-doc-0645","id":"c100","text":"Formal publication of analytical workflows is necessary to achieve transparency and scientific reproducibility.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"","subject":"formal publication of workflows","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Analytical work flows, for example, are a critical component of the\nscholarly ecosystem, and their formal publication is necessary to achieve both transparency and\nscientific reproducibility.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-0645/c101","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/50d7edc5bdce4bb9","nativeRecordCid":"adabd1fb-8d87-4732-98fd-ddc6c547e9bb","documentId":"osft-doc-0645","id":"c101","text":"The FAIR principles can equally be applied to non-data assets such as workflows.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"FAIR principles and non-data assets","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The FAIR principles can equally be applied to these non-data assets, which\nneed to be identi fied, described, discovered, and reused in much the same manner as data.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0645/c102","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/94e7850bd6ae4b12","nativeRecordCid":"a475e29e-f21f-46d6-a17e-43160d8d9651","documentId":"osft-doc-0645","id":"c102","text":"Non-data assets need to be identified, described, discovered, and reused in the same manner as data.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"","subject":"non-data assets","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The FAIR principles can equally be applied to these non-data assets, which\nneed to be identi fied, described, discovered, and reused in much the same manner as data.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0645/c103","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/dd00b1103ac04572","nativeRecordCid":"4259745a-7c28-4fa3-9fe1-1db834d46da8","documentId":"osft-doc-0645","id":"c103","text":"When community-endorsed vocabularies or other (meta)data standards lack the attributes necessary to achieve rich annotation, an extension of an existing, closely related vocabulary may be published.","kind":"normative","modality":"may","actor":"","subject":"vocabulary extension option","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"First, when community-endorsed vocabularies or\nother (meta)data standards do not include the attributes necessary to achieve rich annotation, there\nare two possible solutions: either publish an extension of an existing, closely related vocabulary, or — in\nthe extreme case — create and explicitly publish a new vocabulary resource, following FAIR principles\n(‘I2’).","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0645/c104","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/60bb3abf1f2e4138","nativeRecordCid":"93dc3a12-4f1d-4fec-ae15-1af4e76024c7","documentId":"osft-doc-0645","id":"c104","text":"In extreme cases, a new vocabulary resource may be created and explicitly published, following FAIR principles.","kind":"normative","modality":"may","actor":"","subject":"new vocabulary resource option","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"First, when community-endorsed vocabularies or\nother (meta)data standards do not include the attributes necessary to achieve rich annotation, there\nare two possible solutions: either publish an extension of an existing, closely related vocabulary, or — in\nthe extreme case — create and explicitly publish a new vocabulary resource, following FAIR principles\n(‘I2’).","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0645/c105","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/754a71c5d67d4f72","nativeRecordCid":"d7be8374-cfd2-4b1a-80e0-7203aa091717","documentId":"osft-doc-0645","id":"c105","text":"The BioSharing registry can be of use because it describes standards in detail, including versions where applicable.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"BioSharing registry","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"the BioSharing registry (https://biosharing.org/) can be of use as it describes the\nstandards in detail, including versions where applicable.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0645/c106","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/b64e2bb8262f4b99","nativeRecordCid":"b73fd555-7fb5-4322-95c4-e437868662b3","documentId":"osft-doc-0645","id":"c106","text":"The FAIR Guiding Principles precede implementation choices.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"FAIR Guiding Principles","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"These high-level FAIR Guiding Principles precede implementation choices, and do not suggest any\nspecific technology, standard, or implementation-solution; moreover, the Principles are not,\nthemselves, a standard or a speci fication.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-0645/c107","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/e2cb0e395ba54961","nativeRecordCid":"c5ba2eba-e022-4414-b773-2ed5acc74046","documentId":"osft-doc-0645","id":"c107","text":"The FAIR Guiding Principles do not suggest any specific technology, standard, or implementation-solution.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"FAIR Guiding Principles","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"These high-level FAIR Guiding Principles precede implementation choices, and do not suggest any\nspecific technology, standard, or implementation-solution; moreover, the Principles are not,\nthemselves, a standard or a speci fication.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-0645/c108","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/0f766ff9d1d8442d","nativeRecordCid":"7992f093-0b4e-4708-be8c-d3a76b2f25f1","documentId":"osft-doc-0645","id":"c108","text":"The FAIR Principles are not, themselves, a standard or a specification.","kind":"definitional","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"FAIR Principles","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"These high-level FAIR Guiding Principles precede implementation choices, and do not suggest any\nspecific technology, standard, or implementation-solution; moreover, the Principles are not,\nthemselves, a standard or a speci fication.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0645/c109","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/1ff4f09a35a34841","nativeRecordCid":"7c939747-119b-4a54-be4e-609dff68bf9e","documentId":"osft-doc-0645","id":"c109","text":"The FAIR Guiding Principles act as a guide to data publishers and stewards to assist them in evaluating whether their implementation choices are rendering their digital research artefacts Findable, Accessible, Interoperable, and Reusable.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"FAIR Guiding Principles","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"They act as a guide to data publishers and stewards to\nassist them in evaluating whether their particular implementation choices are rendering their digital\nresearch artefacts Findable, Accessible, Interoperable, and Reusable.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0645/c110","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/50274163e7ab40c3","nativeRecordCid":"788a16ae-fd6d-4c3f-892d-f7c2dcf0cb74","documentId":"osft-doc-0645","id":"c110","text":"The FAIR Guiding Principles will enable a broad range of integrative and exploratory behaviours, based on a wide range of technology choices and implementations.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"FAIR Guiding Principles","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"We anticipate that these high\nlevel principles will enable a broad range of integrative and exploratory behaviours, based on a wide\nrange of technology choices and implementations.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0645/c111","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/0e81fc54a0ba42a7","nativeRecordCid":"c1592ba0-856f-4f09-a14f-e42efb80e2eb","documentId":"osft-doc-0645","id":"c111","text":"Many repositories are already implementing various aspects of FAIR using a variety of technology choices.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"repositories implementing FAIR","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Indeed, many\nrepositories are already\nimplementing various aspects of FAIR using a variety of technology choices and several examples\nare detailed in the next section;","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0645/c112","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/4e55611bec154473","nativeRecordCid":"daaa134a-0e2b-4e53-93bd-bbb9af767b4e","documentId":"osft-doc-0645","id":"c112","text":"Emergent projects for which FAIR is a key objective may provide valuable advice and guidance for those wishing to become more FAIR.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"emergent FAIR-focused projects","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Finally, there are\nseveral emergent projects, some listed in Box 3, for which FAIR is a key objective. These projects may\nprovide valuable advice and guidance for those wishing to become more FAIR.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0645/c113","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/e3c71630b5834647","nativeRecordCid":"0cf0ffd2-3bd6-4b63-9428-a1474fb6cff4","documentId":"osft-doc-0645","id":"c113","text":"The FAIR Guiding Principles reflect, combine, build upon and extend previous work by the Concept Web Alliance partners and the organizations that developed the Joint Declaration of Data Citation Principles.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"FAIR Guiding Principles origins","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The ideas within the FAIR Guiding Principles re flect, combine, build upon and extend previous work by\nboth the Concept Web Alliance (https://conceptweblog.wordpress.com/) partners, who focused on\nmachine-actionability and harmonization of data structures and semantics, and by the scienti fic and\nscholarly organizations that developed the Joint Declaration of Data Citation Principles (JDDCP 29),","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0645/c114","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/b0dd68b39ad04c75","nativeRecordCid":"78b0f7a6-dfc6-4916-b637-c884c1c7a7ab","documentId":"osft-doc-0645","id":"c114","text":"The FAIR Principles are complementary to the Data Seal of Approval in that they share the general aim to render data re-usable for users other than those who originally generated them.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"FAIR Principles and Data Seal of Approval","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The FAIR Principles are also complementary to the ‘Data Seal of Approval ’ (DSA) (http://\ndatasealofapproval.org/media/filer_public/2013/09/27/guidelines_2014-2015.pdf) in that they share\nthe general aim to render data re-usable for users other than those who originally generated them.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0645/c115","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/0cd10df48cb148ab","nativeRecordCid":"fd04d351-5bba-4a88-b072-cd67426c71e6","documentId":"osft-doc-0645","id":"c115","text":"The Data Seal of Approval focuses primarily on the responsibilities and conduct of data producers and repositories, whereas FAIR focuses primarily on the data itself.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"DSA versus FAIR focus","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"While the DSA focuses primarily on the responsibilities and conduct of data producers and\nrepositories, FAIR focuses primarily on the data itself.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0645/c116","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/bbe10142895040c7","nativeRecordCid":"1e0a558f-79c0-4818-b0d6-d2e078d2c59e","documentId":"osft-doc-0645","id":"c116","text":"The broader community of stakeholders is coalescing around a set of common, dovetailed visions spanning all facets of the scholarly data publishing ecosystem.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"stakeholder community","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Clearly, the broader community of stakeholders\nis coalescing around a set of common, dovetailed visions spanning all facets of the scholarly data\npublishing ecosystem.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-0645/c117","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/98dbba9d86c3463d","nativeRecordCid":"7124cac8-fa39-4a72-be58-1b1ed331d896","documentId":"osft-doc-0645","id":"c117","text":"Implementation of the FAIR Principles will result in more rigorous management and stewardship of valuable digital resources.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"implementation of FAIR Principles","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The end result, when implemented, will be more rigorous management and stewardship of these\nvaluable digital resources, to the bene fit of the entire academic community.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0645/c118","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/651272a5babb4555","nativeRecordCid":"8c3945be-b29b-4120-adf7-53165985554e","documentId":"osft-doc-0645","id":"c118","text":"More rigorous management and stewardship of valuable digital resources will benefit the entire academic community.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"rigorous data management and stewardship","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The end result, when implemented, will be more rigorous management and stewardship of these\nvaluable digital resources, to the bene fit of the entire academic community.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0645/c119","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/9475e1c9ec9544fb","nativeRecordCid":"2e6c53a1-12f0-4f18-8962-83c649c3f83f","documentId":"osft-doc-0645","id":"c119","text":"Good data management and stewardship is a pre-condition supporting knowledge discovery.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"good data management and stewardship","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"As stated at the outset,\ngood data management and stewardship is not a goal in itself, but rather a pre-condition supporting\nknowledge discovery and innovation.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-0645/c120","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/1499b6682fe84900","nativeRecordCid":"9d5b46e2-9b5b-4fc0-a312-81a506bc029f","documentId":"osft-doc-0645","id":"c120","text":"Good data management and stewardship is a pre-condition supporting innovation.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"good data management and stewardship","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"As stated at the outset,\ngood data management and stewardship is not a goal in itself, but rather a pre-condition supporting\nknowledge discovery and innovation.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0645/c121","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/fd297680c3864d95","nativeRecordCid":"55e7bf02-1bf8-4115-817f-218276051e4a","documentId":"osft-doc-0645","id":"c121","text":"Data in contemporary e-Science must be Findable, Accessible, Interoperable, and Reusable in the long-term.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"","subject":"data in contemporary e-Science","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Contemporary e-Science requires data to be Findable,\nAccessible, Interoperable, and Reusable in the long-term, and these objectives are rapidly becoming\nexpectations of agencies and publishers.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-0645/c122","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/c7e721db107049a1","nativeRecordCid":"025cbe0b-539d-4567-a6f3-f1a2ea49a88b","documentId":"osft-doc-0645","id":"c122","text":"The objectives of data being Findable, Accessible, Interoperable, and Reusable are rapidly becoming expectations of agencies and publishers.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"FAIR objectives for data","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Contemporary e-Science requires data to be Findable,\nAccessible, Interoperable, and Reusable in the long-term, and these objectives are rapidly becoming\nexpectations of agencies and publishers.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0645/c123","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/47e2f5486c9347ef","nativeRecordCid":"2fed84a7-52ca-4476-84c5-73323b36beca","documentId":"osft-doc-0645","id":"c123","text":"The FAIR Data Principles provide a set of mileposts for data producers and publishers.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"FAIR Data Principles","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"We demonstrate, therefore, that the FAIR Data Principles\nprovide a set of mileposts for data producers and publishers.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0645/c124","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/cc387f090a0740f0","nativeRecordCid":"a5966444-9cee-42a2-a800-e83c12f810f1","documentId":"osft-doc-0645","id":"c124","text":"The FAIR Principles guide the implementation of the most basic levels of good Data Management and Stewardship practice, helping researchers adhere to the expectations and requirements of their funding agencies.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"FAIR Principles","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"They guide the implementation of\nthe most basic levels of good Data Management and Stewardship practice, thus helping researchers\nadhere to the expectations and requirements of their funding agencies.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-0645/c125","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/da469cce5ae941a4","nativeRecordCid":"47177d94-800d-41f1-8942-bdcf002d5cd2","documentId":"osft-doc-0645","id":"c125","text":"Data producers and publishers should examine and implement the FAIR principles.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"data producers and publishers","subject":"data producers and publishers","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"We call on all data producers\nand publishers to examine and implement these principles, and actively participate with the\nFAIR initiative by joining the Force 11 working group.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-0645/c126","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/79fddf74f7ba4fe2","nativeRecordCid":"936b51c4-5c6d-4091-9f35-144c2d4e7678","documentId":"osft-doc-0645","id":"c126","text":"By working together towards shared, common goals, the data produced by the community will gradually achieve the critical goals of FAIRness.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"data produced by the community","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"By working together towards shared, common\ngoals, the valuable data produced by our community will gradually achieve the critical goals\nof FAIRness.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0680/c1","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/3110442aaa194eb1","nativeRecordCid":"28a000d2-32bc-486c-9806-0b8b51716a27","documentId":"osft-doc-0680","id":"c1","text":"Questionable research practices are considerably prevalent in the current research system.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"questionable research practices","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Prominent failures to replicate scientific results (e.g.,\nOpen Science Collaboration, 2015\n) and the publication of extremely implausible findings (e.g.,\nBem, 2011\n) sparked in the the scientific community a movement towards self-reflection and the recognition of the considerable prevalence—and adverse consequences—of questionable research practices (\nJohn et al., 2012\n) and the misalignment of incentives in the current system of academic publishing (\nHigginson & Munafo, 2016\n).","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-0680/c2","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/7a313b9c452343b2","nativeRecordCid":"aed181c0-b3b2-4eab-b802-79c65381ce75","documentId":"osft-doc-0680","id":"c2","text":"Questionable research practices have adverse consequences.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"questionable research practices","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Prominent failures to replicate scientific results (e.g.,\nOpen Science Collaboration, 2015\n) and the publication of extremely implausible findings (e.g.,\nBem, 2011\n) sparked in the the scientific community a movement towards self-reflection and the recognition of the considerable prevalence—and adverse consequences—of questionable research practices (\nJohn et al., 2012\n) and the misalignment of incentives in the current system of academic publishing (\nHigginson & Munafo, 2016\n).","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-0680/c3","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/32415dffaa9a4080","nativeRecordCid":"dc6fdbd7-175d-4da1-af06-e2524523c391","documentId":"osft-doc-0680","id":"c3","text":"There is a misalignment of incentives in the current system of academic publishing.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"incentives in academic publishing","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Prominent failures to replicate scientific results (e.g.,\nOpen Science Collaboration, 2015\n) and the publication of extremely implausible findings (e.g.,\nBem, 2011\n) sparked in the the scientific community a movement towards self-reflection and the recognition of the considerable prevalence—and adverse consequences—of questionable research practices (\nJohn et al., 2012\n) and the misalignment of incentives in the current system of academic publishing (\nHigginson & Munafo, 2016\n).","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0680/c4","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/b8eaa5bef441449b","nativeRecordCid":"06f4b136-2c0d-48ee-bbf6-46acc737b347","documentId":"osft-doc-0680","id":"c4","text":"Improved research practices include higher standards of what constitutes scientific evidence.","kind":"definitional","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"improved research practices","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"These include higher standards of what constitutes scientific evidence, preregistration of studies, registered reports, direct replications, transparency and openness relating to research materials, and research integrity.","representedInStars":false}
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{"key":"osft-doc-0680/c6","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/348fcb5c8a164f6f","nativeRecordCid":"b9a36b02-7cba-4f3b-b80a-5e7fff471aaf","documentId":"osft-doc-0680","id":"c6","text":"Improved research practices include registered reports.","kind":"definitional","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"improved research practices","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"These include higher standards of what constitutes scientific evidence, preregistration of studies, registered reports, direct replications, transparency and openness relating to research materials, and research integrity.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0680/c7","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/e96679ea302a4cf6","nativeRecordCid":"2ad3c318-a4c8-48e0-b6dc-c913ca5341ec","documentId":"osft-doc-0680","id":"c7","text":"Improved research practices include direct replications.","kind":"definitional","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"improved research practices","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"These include higher standards of what constitutes scientific evidence, preregistration of studies, registered reports, direct replications, transparency and openness relating to research materials, and research integrity.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0680/c8","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/0df131101d6d4c74","nativeRecordCid":"1bd489c3-e8b3-4ad6-a91a-74f28b4e0cd8","documentId":"osft-doc-0680","id":"c8","text":"Improved research practices include transparency and openness relating to research materials.","kind":"definitional","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"improved research practices","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"These include higher standards of what constitutes scientific evidence, preregistration of studies, registered reports, direct replications, transparency and openness relating to research materials, and research integrity.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0680/c9","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/e0b800beac694dc0","nativeRecordCid":"5d6951aa-7447-4a6d-b9c0-2904ff16371d","documentId":"osft-doc-0680","id":"c9","text":"Improved research practices include research integrity.","kind":"definitional","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"improved research practices","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"These include higher standards of what constitutes scientific evidence, preregistration of studies, registered reports, direct replications, transparency and openness relating to research materials, and research integrity.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0680/c10","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/ee700c2a77504595","nativeRecordCid":"e3b1efd4-c82e-48cd-9cad-df58adc38c45","documentId":"osft-doc-0680","id":"c10","text":"Introductions, manifestos, and guidelines for doing open and reproducible research have been proposed in many fields and disciplines.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"guidelines for open reproducible research","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"On the other hand, introductions, manifestos, and guidelines for doing open and reproducible research have been proposed in many fields and disciplines, including the humanities, computational sciences, the natural and the social sciences.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-0680/c11","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/8498a35609384bc1","nativeRecordCid":"4e3c2b39-7d2a-4617-bf72-bef5e821e47b","documentId":"osft-doc-0680","id":"c11","text":"One of the three pillars toward scientific utopia is opening scientific communication.","kind":"definitional","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"pillars toward scientific utopia","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Together, these reforms align closely with the three proposed pillars to carry social sciences towards a so-called\nscientific utopia\n: opening scientific communication (\nNosek, & Bar-Anan, 2012\n), restructuring incentives and practices (\nNosek, Spies, & Motyl, 2012\n), collaborative and crowdsourced science (\nUhlmann et al., 2018\n).","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0680/c12","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/1ea472107b0049e0","nativeRecordCid":"8480aa6f-57e0-411b-815a-72ed2e361305","documentId":"osft-doc-0680","id":"c12","text":"One of the three pillars toward scientific utopia is restructuring incentives and practices.","kind":"definitional","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"pillars toward scientific utopia","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Together, these reforms align closely with the three proposed pillars to carry social sciences towards a so-called\nscientific utopia\n: opening scientific communication (\nNosek, & Bar-Anan, 2012\n), restructuring incentives and practices (\nNosek, Spies, & Motyl, 2012\n), collaborative and crowdsourced science (\nUhlmann et al., 2018\n).","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0680/c13","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/06802abd293b4274","nativeRecordCid":"7447806a-75b3-4b48-83cd-ce8b83f9600f","documentId":"osft-doc-0680","id":"c13","text":"One of the three pillars toward scientific utopia is collaborative and crowdsourced science.","kind":"definitional","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"pillars toward scientific utopia","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Together, these reforms align closely with the three proposed pillars to carry social sciences towards a so-called\nscientific utopia\n: opening scientific communication (\nNosek, & Bar-Anan, 2012\n), restructuring incentives and practices (\nNosek, Spies, & Motyl, 2012\n), collaborative and crowdsourced science (\nUhlmann et al., 2018\n).","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0680/c14","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/505026db4113458b","nativeRecordCid":"004eb469-21bc-4492-a6be-840f841b52f5","documentId":"osft-doc-0680","id":"c14","text":"There is an additional, fourth pillar toward scientific utopia—the pedagogical consequences of how researchers teach, mentor, and supervise students—that is often absent from discussion.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"pillars toward scientific utopia","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"We argue that there is one additional pillar that is often absent from discussion: the pedagogical consequences of how we teach, mentor, and supervise students.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0680/c15","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/f77e4582c1aa4159","nativeRecordCid":"8978957a-8954-447d-bc2c-088c4ef84240","documentId":"osft-doc-0680","id":"c15","text":"Open scholarship is the idea that knowledge of all kinds should be openly shared.","kind":"definitional","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"open scholarship","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"the idea that knowledge of all kinds should be openly shared, transparent, rigorously research, accumulative, and inclusive","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-0680/c16","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/503b3a4e41754194","nativeRecordCid":"eb2134c7-c88e-42dc-b043-dc625044f277","documentId":"osft-doc-0680","id":"c16","text":"Open scholarship is the idea that knowledge of all kinds should be transparent.","kind":"definitional","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"open scholarship","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"the idea that knowledge of all kinds should be openly shared, transparent, rigorously research, accumulative, and inclusive","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-0680/c17","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/da2699dfd7b74f7f","nativeRecordCid":"644c0468-1fef-4f8a-85a9-1ff7798ed996","documentId":"osft-doc-0680","id":"c17","text":"Open scholarship is the idea that knowledge of all kinds should be rigorously researched.","kind":"definitional","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"open scholarship","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"the idea that knowledge of all kinds should be openly shared, transparent, rigorously research, accumulative, and inclusive","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0680/c18","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/70fbd2a18b7941bd","nativeRecordCid":"0613f0cb-29b2-4df2-9c62-f0406329c480","documentId":"osft-doc-0680","id":"c18","text":"Open scholarship is the idea that knowledge of all kinds should be accumulative.","kind":"definitional","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"open scholarship","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"the idea that knowledge of all kinds should be openly shared, transparent, rigorously research, accumulative, and inclusive","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0680/c19","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/800de9d7e9824ac9","nativeRecordCid":"f8d762c0-4a0c-41b6-b303-dd6326d9471c","documentId":"osft-doc-0680","id":"c19","text":"Open scholarship is the idea that knowledge of all kinds should be inclusive.","kind":"definitional","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"open scholarship","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"the idea that knowledge of all kinds should be openly shared, transparent, rigorously research, accumulative, and inclusive","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0680/c20","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/a3ebd04f568542cb","nativeRecordCid":"3ddead51-209b-4207-8d0b-a3f27694b2e0","documentId":"osft-doc-0680","id":"c20","text":"Developing educational resources is essential to facilitate engagement with, adherence to, and learning of research transparency, replicability, openness, and reproducibility.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"","subject":"developing educational resources","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Developing educational resources is essential to facilitate engagement with, adherence to, and learning of research transparency, replicability, openness, and reproducibility.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-0680/c21","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/f5b67853387145b7","nativeRecordCid":"69c4e799-bed1-4dc4-bdf4-6e44c364034e","documentId":"osft-doc-0680","id":"c21","text":"Open scholarship must be integrated fully into teaching and mentoring.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"","subject":"open scholarship in teaching and mentoring","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Hence, to research integrity, and make the positive changes of recent reforms sustainable, open scholarship must be integrated fully into teaching and mentoring (\nAzevedo et al., 2022\n).","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-0680/c22","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/e854a30a68984d18","nativeRecordCid":"71b9b996-d433-4a1f-950f-d71b39c3399b","documentId":"osft-doc-0680","id":"c22","text":"The integration of open scholarship into pedagogy should not be seen as an additional layer to existing proposals for reform but rather as the change that unites them.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"","subject":"integration of open scholarship into pedagogy","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"As an academic norm, this well-needed change should not be seen as an additional layer to existing proposals for reform but rather one that unites them: to advance research transparency, reproducibility, rigor, and ethics\nthrough\npedagogical reform.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0680/c23","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/37675d576d4c4ec2","nativeRecordCid":"85e63fdb-39f6-4b24-b482-5d66529aef25","documentId":"osft-doc-0680","id":"c23","text":"FORRT is a community of over 350 scholars across a range of disciplines, career stages, and identities.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"FORRT","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"we, the\nF\nramework for\nO\npen and\nR\neproducible\nR\nesearch\nT\nraining—a community of over 350 scholars across a range of disciplines, career stages, and identities—share our vision of embedding reproducibility and research integrity into higher education to ensure long-term improvements in research quality and culture.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0680/c24","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/5faf7361ea524174","nativeRecordCid":"188529d7-d458-40cc-a2f8-0e5fa98ffd68","documentId":"osft-doc-0680","id":"c24","text":"FORRT achieves its goals by providing a pedagogical infrastructure and didactic resources designed to support and recognize the teaching and mentoring of open scholarship.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"FORRT","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"We achieve these goals by providing a pedagogical infrastructure and didactic resources designed to support (and recognize) the teaching and mentoring of open scholarship.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-0680/c25","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/4a9fa38b94e9445e","nativeRecordCid":"d8600dde-386f-4052-84c9-afb1e150168c","documentId":"osft-doc-0680","id":"c25","text":"The FORRT community has already achieved great impact.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"FORRT community","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The FORRT community has already achieved great impact.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0730/c1","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/c9c87588dc934b7b","nativeRecordCid":"688729b0-673d-47a0-b090-105f499d69db","documentId":"osft-doc-0730","id":"c1","text":"Research information often plays a vital role in the distribution of resources.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"research information","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"This information often plays a vital role in the distribution of resources and the evaluation of researchers and institutions.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-0730/c2","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/81a44adeed6b4f2b","nativeRecordCid":"6fbe9c54-48a6-46c0-8dd4-27b139fb3cad","documentId":"osft-doc-0730","id":"c2","text":"Research information often plays a vital role in the evaluation of researchers and institutions.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"research information","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"This information often plays a vital role in the distribution of resources and the evaluation of researchers and institutions.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-0730/c3","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/76b61bf7acbd452c","nativeRecordCid":"de97eed9-1dd6-4c26-a45d-057280098b60","documentId":"osft-doc-0730","id":"c3","text":"Research performing and research funding organizations use research information to set strategic priorities.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"research performing and funding organizations","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Research performing and research funding organizations use this information to set strategic priorities.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-0730/c4","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/ec107324c75f4eba","nativeRecordCid":"4e89c101-b43a-481b-8a9b-5242ca4cff0e","documentId":"osft-doc-0730","id":"c4","text":"Research information is indispensable for researchers and societal stakeholders to find and assess relevant research outputs.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"research information","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The information is also indispensable for researchers and societal stakeholders to find and assess relevant research outputs.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-0730/c5","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/5bbf949b01004324","nativeRecordCid":"7674572a-6c40-4d81-9a36-b2f007643d4a","documentId":"osft-doc-0730","id":"c5","text":"A large share of all research information is locked inside proprietary infrastructures.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"research information","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"However, a large share of all research information is locked inside proprietary infrastructures.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-0730/c6","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/ca76d5f1694e4e91","nativeRecordCid":"0dd32736-255e-4dfa-97e1-9894d9f7d5c9","documentId":"osft-doc-0730","id":"c6","text":"Research information is managed by companies that are accountable primarily to their shareholders, not to the research community.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"research information","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"It is managed by companies that are accountable primarily to their shareholders, not to the research community.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-0730/c7","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/89347c4230d54293","nativeRecordCid":"f805f13f-3cf8-475e-b5d4-147ba9ad81bb","documentId":"osft-doc-0730","id":"c7","text":"The research community has become strongly reliant on closed infrastructures.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"research community","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"As research community, we have become strongly reliant on closed infrastructures.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-0730/c8","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/dbc7e52cf4534077","nativeRecordCid":"288020b2-7cc9-48c5-9b8a-371c8bb0e9c4","documentId":"osft-doc-0730","id":"c8","text":"The research community has ended up assessing researchers and institutions based on non-transparent evidence.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"research community","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"We have ended up assessing researchers and institutions based on non-transparent evidence.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-0730/c9","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/b863fd7ce0e94359","nativeRecordCid":"60546955-33ee-498d-929d-2834081ce02b","documentId":"osft-doc-0730","id":"c9","text":"The research community is monitoring and incentivizing open science using closed data.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"research community","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"We are monitoring and incentivizing open science using closed data.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-0730/c10","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/4a9b92e6b4df461a","nativeRecordCid":"8014be82-29f0-461d-9809-8da4961145dc","documentId":"osft-doc-0730","id":"c10","text":"The research community routinely makes decisions based on information that is biased against less privileged languages, geographical regions, and research agendas.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"research community","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"We are also routinely making decisions based on information that is biased against less privileged languages, geographical regions, and research agendas.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-0730/c11","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/1e67af3cfb894900","nativeRecordCid":"77109757-537d-4c01-b80b-23ed0352f1f1","documentId":"osft-doc-0730","id":"c11","text":"Research information should be made openly available through open scholarly infrastructures.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"","subject":"research information","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"there is an urgent need to make research information openly available through open scholarly infrastructures.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0730/c12","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/f2e07abded0d4b48","nativeRecordCid":"c754a026-75ca-453f-a7c6-38a0d1814ede","documentId":"osft-doc-0730","id":"c12","text":"Openness of research information must be the new norm.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"","subject":"openness of research information","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Openness of research information must be the new norm.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-0730/c13","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/4ab5be77d8014a13","nativeRecordCid":"8573794a-bfbc-4c2b-bb4f-7fe637f1c7a4","documentId":"osft-doc-0730","id":"c13","text":"The research information landscape requires fundamental change.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"","subject":"research information landscape","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"We, the undersigned, believe that the research information landscape requires fundamental change.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-0730/c14","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/d3a639da010c435f","nativeRecordCid":"d13b8e64-1714-43bc-a308-6339489343ea","documentId":"osft-doc-0730","id":"c14","text":"Research information produced by organizations should be as open as possible and as closed as necessary.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"organizations that carry out, fund, and evaluate research","subject":"research information produced","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Openness will be the norm for the research information we produce, for instance information about our activities and outputs, with an exception for information for which openness would be inappropriate (‘as open as possible, as closed as necessary’).","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-0730/c15","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/a4f5006308c94150","nativeRecordCid":"ca00eeac-4010-4982-a9e3-84f873d7b587","documentId":"osft-doc-0730","id":"c15","text":"Research information generated in publication processes should be made openly available through open scholarly infrastructures, using standard protocols and identifiers where available.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"publishing services and platforms","subject":"research information from publication processes","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"For publishing services and platforms, we will require that research information generated \nin publication processes (e.g., metadata of research articles and other outputs) be made \nopenly available through open scholarly infrastructures, using standard protocols and \nidentifiers where available.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-0730/c16","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/0817664f467b4248","nativeRecordCid":"8baddbe7-9ec4-40c1-b098-a2afc14d2dd3","documentId":"osft-doc-0730","id":"c16","text":"Relevant research information held in internal research information management systems and platforms should be able to be exported, using standard protocols and identifiers where available.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"systems and platforms for the internal management of research information","subject":"internal research information","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"For systems and platforms for the internal management of research information \n(e.g., current research information systems), we will require that all relevant research \ninformation can be exported and made open, using standard protocols and identifiers \nwhere available.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0730/c17","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/c7b6793fe9bc444a","nativeRecordCid":"68224f2a-bd72-42fd-bf88-2acd6838c016","documentId":"osft-doc-0730","id":"c17","text":"Relevant research information held in internal research information management systems and platforms should be made open.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"systems and platforms for the internal management of research information","subject":"internal research information","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"For systems and platforms for the internal management of research information \n(e.g., current research information systems), we will require that all relevant research \ninformation can be exported and made open, using standard protocols and identifiers \nwhere available.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0730/c18","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/aee6c256eca9457a","nativeRecordCid":"b5a1b12d-23f9-4074-8d70-98fdeb1423e7","documentId":"osft-doc-0730","id":"c18","text":"Infrastructures for open research information should implement good practices for community governance and sustainability.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"infrastructures for open research information","subject":"infrastructures for open research information","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"We expect the infrastructures that we support to implement good practices for \ncommunity governance and sustainability (e.g., Principles of Open Scholarly \nInfrastructure).","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-0730/c19","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/6453f5bf8ff64ba2","nativeRecordCid":"eda1d3e0-8958-419a-a7db-512ab9f1f50e","documentId":"osft-doc-0730","id":"c19","text":"Sharing experiences and coordinating action are important.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"sharing experiences and coordinating action","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"We recognize the importance of sharing experiences and coordinating action to \npromote a system-wide transition from closed to open research information.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-0730/c20","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/4391569f8a244605","nativeRecordCid":"97f9f300-4f87-481b-b0c7-a11536483df7","documentId":"osft-doc-0730","id":"c20","text":"Decision making in science is too often based on closed research information.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"decision making in science","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Too often, decision making in science is based on closed research information.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-0730/c21","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/45bbb69e1fd145ae","nativeRecordCid":"6f372a1c-6241-44aa-9ada-222e3341fd10","documentId":"osft-doc-0730","id":"c21","text":"Information is locked inside proprietary infrastructures run by for-profit providers that impose severe restrictions on the use and reuse of the information.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"proprietary infrastructures","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Information is \nlocked inside proprietary infrastructures run by for-profit providers that impose severe \nrestrictions on the use and reuse of the information.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-0730/c22","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/23111118e84f4896","nativeRecordCid":"b16902e8-b82b-4157-bf55-47d5d5bad3fa","documentId":"osft-doc-0730","id":"c22","text":"Errors, gaps, and biases in closed research information are difficult to expose.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"closed research information","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Errors, gaps, and biases in closed research information \nare difficult to expose and even more difficult to fix.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-0730/c23","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/3c2513525f3c4e51","nativeRecordCid":"58f691ff-a537-4320-8510-9389d8363ed5","documentId":"osft-doc-0730","id":"c23","text":"Errors, gaps, and biases in closed research information are even more difficult to fix.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"closed research information","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Errors, gaps, and biases in closed research information \nare difficult to expose and even more difficult to fix.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0730/c24","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/269daf8094cd4a33","nativeRecordCid":"1cf4b663-11fc-4918-adfd-0cabfe8300f0","documentId":"osft-doc-0730","id":"c24","text":"Indicators and analytics derived from closed research information lack transparency.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"indicators and analytics from closed information","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Indicators and analytics derived from this \ninformation lack transparency and reproducibility.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-0730/c25","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/939bf8b158914383","nativeRecordCid":"c49b55b8-8bbd-4953-879d-bd45c6b9c754","documentId":"osft-doc-0730","id":"c25","text":"Indicators and analytics derived from closed research information lack reproducibility.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"indicators and analytics from closed information","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Indicators and analytics derived from this \ninformation lack transparency and reproducibility.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-0730/c26","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/3d505b591f154276","nativeRecordCid":"b26228c8-dc24-4350-bc87-c23c909cbf49","documentId":"osft-doc-0730","id":"c26","text":"Decisions about the careers of researchers, the future of research organizations, and the way science serves humanity depend on black-box indicators and analytics.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"decisions in science","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Decisions about the careers of researchers, \nabout the future of research organizations, and ultimately about the way science serves the \nwhole of humanity, depend on these black-box indicators and analytics.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-0730/c27","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/e8c690e446dd4de6","nativeRecordCid":"70f97fb3-eb44-4471-b50e-eb5b7d77f932","documentId":"osft-doc-0730","id":"c27","text":"Without open research information, it is difficult, if not impossible, to scrutinize indicators and analytics.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"open research information","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Without open research \ninformation, it is difficult, if not impossible, to scrutinize these indicators and analytics and to have \nan informed debate about their strengths and weaknesses.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-0730/c28","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/1a467d000ad64008","nativeRecordCid":"fcf83221-15cf-490b-85a4-291bdb394b33","documentId":"osft-doc-0730","id":"c28","text":"Without open research information, it is difficult, if not impossible, to have an informed debate about the strengths and weaknesses of indicators and analytics.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"open research information","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Without open research \ninformation, it is difficult, if not impossible, to scrutinize these indicators and analytics and to have \nan informed debate about their strengths and weaknesses.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0730/c29","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/bab6981ddfc248d5","nativeRecordCid":"37fe0e50-ebc9-47dd-ba7f-8b7f820f8cbf","documentId":"osft-doc-0730","id":"c29","text":"Basic standards of accountability cannot be met without open research information.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"accountability standards","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Basic standards of accountability \ncannot be met, and academic sovereignty is at risk.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0730/c30","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/8936b4031c6e4ba8","nativeRecordCid":"ac75a5fb-eae4-46e5-9179-804a35578a91","documentId":"osft-doc-0730","id":"c30","text":"Academic sovereignty is at risk without open research information.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"academic sovereignty","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Basic standards of accountability \ncannot be met, and academic sovereignty is at risk.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0730/c31","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/c8675f38eb924814","nativeRecordCid":"fa130486-5c8a-4cee-a9fe-21bc2eadb018","documentId":"osft-doc-0730","id":"c31","text":"There are many closed research information infrastructures.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"closed research information infrastructures","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"There are many closed research information infrastructures.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-0730/c32","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/6b21d3e9415241ec","nativeRecordCid":"463ae8c4-78d0-4fc5-9029-430f4435f17d","documentId":"osft-doc-0730","id":"c32","text":"The Web of Science and Scopus databases play an important role in research assessment in many countries.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"Web of Science and Scopus databases","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Well-known examples are the \nWeb of Science and Scopus databases, which play an important role in research assessment \nand resource allocation in many countries.","representedInStars":false}
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{"key":"osft-doc-0730/c36","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/f4a770ea6f1b4697","nativeRecordCid":"6d1d1735-3791-4783-a84d-1a70b882e54c","documentId":"osft-doc-0730","id":"c36","text":"The Web of Science and Scopus databases make their metadata available only to organizations that pay hefty subscription fees.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"Web of Science and Scopus databases","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"These databases provide metadata for scientific \npublications (e.g., title, abstract, journal, authors, author affiliations, funders, etc.), but they \nimpose severe restrictions on the use of this metadata and make the metadata available only to \norganizations that pay hefty subscription fees.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-0730/c37","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/9152f0b7f8f846e9","nativeRecordCid":"fae7e81e-7607-44f9-979c-856e6ddb148b","documentId":"osft-doc-0730","id":"c37","text":"Indicators and analytics based on the Web of Science and Scopus databases lack transparency.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"indicators and analytics based on these databases","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Indicators and analytics based on these databases \n(e.g., publication and citation statistics, journal impact factors, university rankings, etc.) lack \ntransparency and reproducibility.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0730/c38","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/43bba07e67ea4c65","nativeRecordCid":"b314d242-0ac0-4172-9e7d-3274d6186779","documentId":"osft-doc-0730","id":"c38","text":"Indicators and analytics based on the Web of Science and Scopus databases lack reproducibility.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"indicators and analytics based on these databases","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Indicators and analytics based on these databases \n(e.g., publication and citation statistics, journal impact factors, university rankings, etc.) lack \ntransparency and reproducibility.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-0730/c39","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/d3774fa64bc64ed9","nativeRecordCid":"4863b880-a67a-4547-80e3-2c8da00f3d3c","documentId":"osft-doc-0730","id":"c39","text":"Decision making in science is increasingly guided by indicators and analytics.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"decision making in science","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"At a time when decision making in science is increasingly guided by indicators and analytics, \naddressing the problems of closed research information must be a top priority.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-0730/c40","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/c42d3073facc4b94","nativeRecordCid":"6a904cc4-a3bf-4a52-906d-69bb4b4b7031","documentId":"osft-doc-0730","id":"c40","text":"Addressing the problems of closed research information must be a top priority.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"","subject":"problems of closed research information","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"At a time when decision making in science is increasingly guided by indicators and analytics, \naddressing the problems of closed research information must be a top priority.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-0730/c41","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/2856fc3051ff402e","nativeRecordCid":"537f0a9a-66fe-4d81-8624-8d6214c97a9c","documentId":"osft-doc-0730","id":"c41","text":"Decisions should be informed by open research information, that is, information that is free to access, without restrictions on how it can be used and reused.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"","subject":"decisions in science","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Decisions \nshould be informed by open research information: information that is free to access, without \nrestrictions on how it can be used and reused.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-0730/c42","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/9fb4180d86b7436a","nativeRecordCid":"74c3371e-08d4-44aa-80ac-4772cfc14d39","documentId":"osft-doc-0730","id":"c42","text":"Open research information should make use of persistent identifiers such as DOIs, ORCIDs, and ROR IDs to reference research outputs, researchers, research organizations, and other entities.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"","subject":"open research information","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"To enable linking of information from different \nsources, open research information should make use of persistent identifiers such as DOIs \n(Digital Object Identifiers), ORCIDs (Open Researcher and Contributor IDs), and ROR (Research \nOrganization Registry) IDs to reference research outputs, researchers, research organizations, \nand other entities.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-0730/c43","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/b843a8b2a43249b4","nativeRecordCid":"bc7b5822-39aa-483a-911e-ff69065f2e07","documentId":"osft-doc-0730","id":"c43","text":"Infrastructures for open research information should be governed by relevant stakeholders in the academic community.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"infrastructures for open research information","subject":"infrastructures for open research information","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Infrastructures for open research information should be governed by relevant \nstakeholders in the academic community.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-0730/c44","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/b16746c7c5a64cba","nativeRecordCid":"946f6b3f-cc8e-4ce3-a337-57f5dbcf6dde","documentId":"osft-doc-0730","id":"c44","text":"Openness of research information ensures that all stakeholders have full access to information that is of relevance to them.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"openness of research information","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Openness of research information ensures that all stakeholders have full access to information \nthat is of relevance to them.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-0730/c45","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/e1aa61a9c6cd42a8","nativeRecordCid":"152651a8-e3c5-47ed-b38f-88fe1c56c491","documentId":"osft-doc-0730","id":"c45","text":"Openness of research information is vital for high-quality decision making in science.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"openness of research information","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"This is vital for high-quality decision making in science.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-0730/c46","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/3f51d608b4a64373","nativeRecordCid":"efd34bc2-ea89-4382-aece-20d8b58989f9","documentId":"osft-doc-0730","id":"c46","text":"Openness of research information enables information from different sources to be linked and integrated.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"openness of research information","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"It also \nenables information from different sources to be linked and integrated, so that decision making \ncan take full advantage of all available information and can be based on a diversity of \nperspectives and an inclusive understanding of the issues at stake.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-0730/c47","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/451c7b27d981444b","nativeRecordCid":"8412d347-2b87-4d41-aa1e-9dd579522f18","documentId":"osft-doc-0730","id":"c47","text":"Linking and integrating information from different sources enables decision making to take full advantage of all available information.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"decision making","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"It also \nenables information from different sources to be linked and integrated, so that decision making \ncan take full advantage of all available information and can be based on a diversity of \nperspectives and an inclusive understanding of the issues at stake.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0730/c48","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/f4218a66aca7426b","nativeRecordCid":"454bbbde-9b1d-46cd-9ff7-d4c28e7f20b1","documentId":"osft-doc-0730","id":"c48","text":"Linking and integrating information from different sources enables decision making to be based on a diversity of perspectives and an inclusive understanding of the issues at stake.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"decision making","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"It also \nenables information from different sources to be linked and integrated, so that decision making \ncan take full advantage of all available information and can be based on a diversity of \nperspectives and an inclusive understanding of the issues at stake.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0730/c49","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/41f7a05728064b13","nativeRecordCid":"13c153d2-0886-4b2b-875b-966055afc8d7","documentId":"osft-doc-0730","id":"c49","text":"When researchers or research organizations perform additional data curation, the enriched information resulting from this can be shared openly, enabling everyone to benefit from it.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"enriched research information","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"In addition, when researchers or research \norganizations perform additional data curation, the enriched information resulting from this can \nagain be shared openly, enabling everyone to benefit from it.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-0730/c50","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/c8d98fc1260f42c9","nativeRecordCid":"db52c69f-2f3f-449a-81c3-cbdf2835d946","documentId":"osft-doc-0730","id":"c50","text":"In a research assessment context, openness of research information guarantees that both those performing an assessment and those being assessed have access to all evidence considered in the assessment.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"openness of research information in assessment","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"In a research assessment context, \nopenness of research information guarantees that not only those performing an assessment but \nalso those being assessed have access to all ‘evidence’ considered in the assessment, offering \nthe transparency and accountability that are crucial to foster responsible assessment practices.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-0730/c51","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/2c0be9720b52448e","nativeRecordCid":"0c022fa6-0ffe-42e5-90e6-8efe65e6bb8d","documentId":"osft-doc-0730","id":"c51","text":"Transparency and accountability are crucial to foster responsible assessment practices.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"transparency and accountability","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"In a research assessment context, \nopenness of research information guarantees that not only those performing an assessment but \nalso those being assessed have access to all ‘evidence’ considered in the assessment, offering \nthe transparency and accountability that are crucial to foster responsible assessment practices.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0730/c52","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/511fa8c1b32e4848","nativeRecordCid":"092e8189-0873-43db-9233-7a84ee21c238","documentId":"osft-doc-0730","id":"c52","text":"The importance of openness of research information is widely recognized.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"openness of research information","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The importance of openness of research information is widely recognized, for instance by the \nresearch assessment reform movement.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-0730/c53","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/5344f031dafe45ae","nativeRecordCid":"1db98c14-40a7-4aa3-8f6f-54b75022eeb3","documentId":"osft-doc-0730","id":"c53","text":"The FAIR principles have played a crucial role in advancing the availability of open metadata for research data.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"FAIR principles","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Likewise, the FAIR (Findability, Accessibility, Interoperability, \nand Reusability) principles have played a crucial role in advancing the availability of open \nmetadata for research data.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-0730/c54","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/1a5349efabd24844","nativeRecordCid":"e16fb276-ee0c-47cc-b8e5-6513bd95d8d8","documentId":"osft-doc-0730","id":"c54","text":"A growing number of infrastructures for open research information have adopted the Principles of Open Scholarly Infrastructure.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"infrastructures for open research information","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"A growing number \nof infrastructures for open research information have also adopted the Principles of Open \nScholarly Infrastructure.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-0730/c55","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/e1c9559e29254094","nativeRecordCid":"1e119b91-7ad3-4f71-84f1-d28486cbc7e7","documentId":"osft-doc-0730","id":"c55","text":"Research information is increasingly made openly available.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"research information","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Supported by the above developments, research information is increasingly made openly \navailable.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-0730/c56","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/77e57985a5094531","nativeRecordCid":"5934a4f3-4774-49cf-917a-e2396fec850c","documentId":"osft-doc-0730","id":"c56","text":"A number of open research information infrastructures offer alternatives to closed databases.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"open research information infrastructures","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"A number of open research information infrastructures for instance offer alternatives \nto closed databases.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-0730/c57","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/1ca3830f75174691","nativeRecordCid":"22e3c21b-91c1-439d-ae8d-32886064d4ae","documentId":"osft-doc-0730","id":"c57","text":"The transition from closed to open research information is getting close to a tipping point.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"transition to open research information","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"We are getting close to a tipping point in the transition from closed to open research information.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-0730/c58","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/577d00ce02044dd0","nativeRecordCid":"ded1bfd4-11ce-40d2-85d7-a0338cabfdd0","documentId":"osft-doc-0730","id":"c58","text":"More concerted action is needed to reach the tipping point in the transition from closed to open research information.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"","subject":"transition to open research information","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"But to reach this tipping point, more concerted action is needed.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-0730/c59","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/a680d60263ef44b1","nativeRecordCid":"8ff966d0-45fe-4545-a792-573b981b2c3b","documentId":"osft-doc-0730","id":"c59","text":"Organizations that carry out, fund, and evaluate research should support the transition to open research information.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"organizations that carry out, fund, and evaluate research","subject":"transition to open research information","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"We therefore call on all \norganizations that carry out, fund, and evaluate research to support the transition to open \nresearch information and to sign the Barcelona Declaration on Open Research Information.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-0730/c60","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/dfbb59883a1047fc","nativeRecordCid":"c554e6b5-c29d-4af1-9e2b-e3a23c0644f3","documentId":"osft-doc-0730","id":"c60","text":"Research information means information relating to the conduct and communication of research.","kind":"definitional","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"research information","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"By research information we mean information (sometimes referred to as metadata) relating \nto the conduct and communication of research.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-0730/c61","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/aada5176f525493c","nativeRecordCid":"8f373c4d-a14c-4fc8-b531-e9325866a834","documentId":"osft-doc-0730","id":"c61","text":"Research information includes bibliographic metadata such as titles, abstracts, references, author data, affiliation data, and data on publication venues.","kind":"definitional","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"research information","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"This includes, but is not limited to, (1) \nbibliographic metadata such as titles, abstracts, references, author data, affiliation data, and \ndata on publication venues, (2) metadata on research software, research data, samples, and \ninstruments, (3) information on funding and grants, and (4) information on organizations \nand research contributors.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0730/c62","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/7c6ea1f5816a44db","nativeRecordCid":"b7e0e638-d34d-4164-a9d7-0b2957ba4e84","documentId":"osft-doc-0730","id":"c62","text":"Research information includes metadata on research software, research data, samples, and instruments.","kind":"definitional","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"research information","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"This includes, but is not limited to, (1) \nbibliographic metadata such as titles, abstracts, references, author data, affiliation data, and \ndata on publication venues, (2) metadata on research software, research data, samples, and \ninstruments, (3) information on funding and grants, and (4) information on organizations \nand research contributors.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-0730/c63","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/d65d241460f24023","nativeRecordCid":"c170c961-601c-4abe-b01c-bfe781604ab4","documentId":"osft-doc-0730","id":"c63","text":"Research information includes information on funding and grants.","kind":"definitional","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"research information","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"This includes, but is not limited to, (1) \nbibliographic metadata such as titles, abstracts, references, author data, affiliation data, and \ndata on publication venues, (2) metadata on research software, research data, samples, and \ninstruments, (3) information on funding and grants, and (4) information on organizations \nand research contributors.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-0730/c64","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/0d9d8fc3e42642a8","nativeRecordCid":"fbaf95db-edb0-42c7-bfcd-c3bdc7846c00","documentId":"osft-doc-0730","id":"c64","text":"Research information includes information on organizations and research contributors.","kind":"definitional","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"research information","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"This includes, but is not limited to, (1) \nbibliographic metadata such as titles, abstracts, references, author data, affiliation data, and \ndata on publication venues, (2) metadata on research software, research data, samples, and \ninstruments, (3) information on funding and grants, and (4) information on organizations \nand research contributors.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-0730/c65","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/894a34048eac4ba8","nativeRecordCid":"94133928-10b5-4045-81d3-a850148eeac9","documentId":"osft-doc-0730","id":"c65","text":"Research information is located in systems such as bibliographic databases, software archives, data repositories, and current research information systems.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"research information","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Research information is located in systems such as bibliographic \ndatabases, software archives, data repositories, and current research information systems.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-0730/c66","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/64f7a1d7cbd74baf","nativeRecordCid":"0f5d3b02-3e90-42f8-b339-fe19ef1777b6","documentId":"osft-doc-0730","id":"c66","text":"Open research information means research information that is free to access.","kind":"definitional","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"open research information","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"By open research information we mean research information that is free to access and free \nof restrictions on reuse.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-0730/c67","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/853100d4ea6f42b4","nativeRecordCid":"c2ba2a9b-688a-4052-a33f-efe949b73007","documentId":"osft-doc-0730","id":"c67","text":"Open research information means research information that is free of restrictions on reuse.","kind":"definitional","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"open research information","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"By open research information we mean research information that is free to access and free \nof restrictions on reuse.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-0730/c68","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/db91e67da9164792","nativeRecordCid":"9286c4ad-adbd-49ed-8f3f-171ca2a34333","documentId":"osft-doc-0730","id":"c68","text":"Openness of research information is a spectrum, not an absolute.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"openness of research information","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Openness of research information is a spectrum, not an absolute.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-0730/c69","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/acfe133e38294c5b","nativeRecordCid":"eb4202f9-92cf-429b-99bd-295558b29606","documentId":"osft-doc-0730","id":"c69","text":"Research data should adhere to the FAIR principles for Findability, Accessibility, Interoperability, and Reusability.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"","subject":"research data","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Just like research data should ideally adhere to the FAIR principles for Findability, Accessibility, \nInteroperability, and Reusability, open research information should ideally also follow these \nprinciples.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-0730/c70","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/432b51b5fa3f45d0","nativeRecordCid":"f9cfaa0a-4ac8-4e49-ac0a-6c8a89f4b2ab","documentId":"osft-doc-0730","id":"c70","text":"Open research information should follow the FAIR principles for Findability, Accessibility, Interoperability, and Reusability.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"","subject":"open research information","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Just like research data should ideally adhere to the FAIR principles for Findability, Accessibility, \nInteroperability, and Reusability, open research information should ideally also follow these \nprinciples.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-0730/c71","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/5bf8ae3e29e2425b","nativeRecordCid":"3a22b9c7-210d-4175-9b54-b8119af1f470","documentId":"osft-doc-0730","id":"c71","text":"If the highest levels of Findability, Accessibility, Interoperability, and Reusability are realized, research information is both open and FAIR.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"research information","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"If the highest levels of Findability, Accessibility, Interoperability, and \nReusability are realized, research information is both open and FAIR.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-0730/c72","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/345e106bd550440b","nativeRecordCid":"4b5d3900-9af1-4f28-90a3-200099770b6d","documentId":"osft-doc-0730","id":"c72","text":"Open and FAIR research information requires the use of standardized protocols and persistent identifiers to support high levels of Findability and Interoperability.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"","subject":"open and FAIR research information","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"• The use of standardized protocols and persistent identifiers to support high levels of \nFindability and Interoperability","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-0730/c73","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/4737f0d0e15c4ad4","nativeRecordCid":"e289672f-b693-44e1-88b8-bfd424d5c123","documentId":"osft-doc-0730","id":"c73","text":"Open and FAIR research information requires lodging of metadata in widely used repositories and transfer systems to support Findability and Accessibility.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"","subject":"open and FAIR research information","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"• Lodging of metadata in widely used repositories and transfer systems to support Findability \nand Accessibility","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-0730/c74","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/fa6fc8a0d88b4c07","nativeRecordCid":"173f2bd5-92f4-416b-844d-c414f8d34a86","documentId":"osft-doc-0730","id":"c74","text":"Open and FAIR research information requires the application of a Creative Commons CC0 waiver or public domain dedication as appropriate to support Interoperability and Reusability.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"","subject":"open and FAIR research information","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"• The application of a Creative Commons CC0 waiver or public domain dedication as \nappropriate to support Interoperability and Reusability","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-0730/c75","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/041b4e0152274076","nativeRecordCid":"a528c0b3-ec59-40e2-9b80-632d0e9b32fc","documentId":"osft-doc-0730","id":"c75","text":"Processing and provenance of open and FAIR research information should be transparent.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"","subject":"open and FAIR research information","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"• Transparency of processing and provenance to support Interoperability and Reusability","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-0730/c76","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/c67ae3d8cf05480c","nativeRecordCid":"f7191a69-0d52-4f8e-85aa-83573392bc3c","documentId":"osft-doc-0730","id":"c76","text":"Open and FAIR research information requires the use of infrastructures that provide standard and open interfaces.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"","subject":"open and FAIR research information","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"• The use of infrastructures that provide standard and open interfaces","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-0730/c77","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/54648d7ea6884ebe","nativeRecordCid":"ce83befe-50a2-4cc9-8ae9-f873eaa95817","documentId":"osft-doc-0730","id":"c77","text":"Research information that cannot be ethically shared, including information that has privacy implications, should not be made open.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"","subject":"research information that cannot be ethically shared","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Research information that cannot be ethically shared, including information that has \nprivacy implications, should not be made open.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-0730/c78","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/2a048f0c499e4658","nativeRecordCid":"ee0f52b7-be87-44ab-9d85-dcaa3efb385a","documentId":"osft-doc-0730","id":"c78","text":"Aggregated forms of privacy-implicating research information may be made open in some cases.","kind":"normative","modality":"may","actor":"","subject":"privacy-implicating research information","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"In some cases, aggregated forms of privacy \nimplicating research information can be made open.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-0730/c79","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/be6fd215313c4d6c","nativeRecordCid":"ecc386e0-3d4b-435e-867b-547b97a47753","documentId":"osft-doc-0730","id":"c79","text":"Whether aggregated forms of privacy-implicating research information can be made open should be assessed on a case by case basis in the context of relevant regulations and legal requirements.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"","subject":"privacy-implicating research information","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"However, this should be assessed on a \ncase by case basis in the context of relevant regulations and legal requirements.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-0730/c80","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/b97f3f74b1764925","nativeRecordCid":"332732e5-79ff-4c63-9f43-6387781411a1","documentId":"osft-doc-0730","id":"c80","text":"Publishing means the act of making the outputs of research generally available for consumption, use, and critique.","kind":"definitional","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"publishing","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"By publishing we mean the act of making the outputs of research generally available for \nconsumption, use, and critique.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-0730/c81","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/413d6449f2fc40ec","nativeRecordCid":"b27ad160-dbbe-42b5-b35e-9aaa7c1e3d4c","documentId":"osft-doc-0730","id":"c81","text":"Publishing includes the formal publication of textual outputs such as journal articles or scholarly books.","kind":"definitional","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"publishing","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"This includes, but is not limited to, the formal publication \nof textual outputs such as journal articles or scholarly books, the posting of reports and \nother non-peer-reviewed outputs, and the sharing of research data and research software \nthrough appropriate repositories.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-0730/c82","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/f66e0982e9eb4cf3","nativeRecordCid":"e7a68606-8808-4f82-a92e-8e11cb6bd997","documentId":"osft-doc-0730","id":"c82","text":"Publishing includes the posting of reports and other non-peer-reviewed outputs.","kind":"definitional","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"publishing","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"This includes, but is not limited to, the formal publication \nof textual outputs such as journal articles or scholarly books, the posting of reports and \nother non-peer-reviewed outputs, and the sharing of research data and research software \nthrough appropriate repositories.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-0730/c83","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/93921a5d69a346db","nativeRecordCid":"cb5f7c34-611f-43ca-ab9b-b177e042fa83","documentId":"osft-doc-0730","id":"c83","text":"Publishing includes the sharing of research data and research software through appropriate repositories.","kind":"definitional","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"publishing","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"This includes, but is not limited to, the formal publication \nof textual outputs such as journal articles or scholarly books, the posting of reports and \nother non-peer-reviewed outputs, and the sharing of research data and research software \nthrough appropriate repositories.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-0730/c84","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/2c17c3be2166423d","nativeRecordCid":"9c3b5554-b0e0-4627-a8ce-765c3bcd8430","documentId":"osft-doc-0730","id":"c84","text":"Publishing may include the release of creative works, such as sculpture, visual art, film or video, or other artifacts, where they are intended to represent or communicate the results of a research process.","kind":"definitional","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"publishing","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"It may also include the release of creative works, including \nsculpture, visual art, film or video, or other artifacts, where they are intended to represent or \ncommunicate the results of a research process.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-0730/c85","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/836120daa1b547e5","nativeRecordCid":"d6df9915-260f-4210-bf45-7621fd49d7b1","documentId":"osft-doc-0730","id":"c85","text":"The meaning of publishing includes cases where the audience is limited, such as where access is limited to subscribers.","kind":"definitional","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"publishing","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"It is intended that the meaning of publishing includes cases where the audience is limited, for \ninstance where access is limited to subscribers, but does not include private and confidential \nreports or other documents that are not intended for general circulation.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-0730/c86","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/084915b0717445bb","nativeRecordCid":"c739f8a4-b1bc-4003-8095-d2f95f7a460a","documentId":"osft-doc-0730","id":"c86","text":"The meaning of publishing does not include private and confidential reports or other documents that are not intended for general circulation.","kind":"definitional","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"publishing","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"It is intended that the meaning of publishing includes cases where the audience is limited, for \ninstance where access is limited to subscribers, but does not include private and confidential \nreports or other documents that are not intended for general circulation.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-0730/c87","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/8a2771ba45314583","nativeRecordCid":"39d464bf-b4de-4880-9816-4abeb8bce0e2","documentId":"osft-doc-0730","id":"c87","text":"Publishing is separate from archival, where the intent is long term preservation.","kind":"definitional","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"publishing","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Publishing is separate \nto archival, where the intent is long term preservation.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-0730/c88","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/4dfc2994b4a94180","nativeRecordCid":"699dc2d1-8d59-49ee-9417-225504e0243f","documentId":"osft-doc-0730","id":"c88","text":"Some, but not all, publishing platforms also support archival through the publishing process.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"publishing platforms","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Some, but not all, publishing platforms \nalso support archival through the publishing process.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-0730/c89","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/6025851b7fa34e40","nativeRecordCid":"7ec76bfe-20e1-489a-a20f-ff9f52d0149d","documentId":"osft-doc-0730","id":"c89","text":"Scholarly infrastructures means infrastructures through which research information is shared.","kind":"definitional","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"scholarly infrastructures","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"By scholarly infrastructures we mean infrastructures through which research information \nis shared.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-0730/c90","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/1b13266b96884720","nativeRecordCid":"411ec3ff-daa1-434b-aaa9-743afb14c0da","documentId":"osft-doc-0730","id":"c90","text":"A precise definition of infrastructures is challenging.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"infrastructures","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"A precise definition of infrastructures is challenging.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-0730/c91","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/76e7c4a81d414f62","nativeRecordCid":"eec15b7c-daf7-42d5-ae24-ae5d55a9cdf1","documentId":"osft-doc-0730","id":"c91","text":"A key characteristic of infrastructures is that they are foundational.","kind":"definitional","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"infrastructures","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"A key characteristic \nof infrastructures is that they are foundational.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0730/c92","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/c3d1b86367474f71","nativeRecordCid":"3e4add43-9f43-4cdf-a061-8c29741d144d","documentId":"osft-doc-0730","id":"c92","text":"Infrastructures are used by a diversity of actors for differing purposes.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"infrastructures","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"For instance, they are used by a diversity of actors \nfor differing purposes, other systems depend on them, and they are built to be shared by a \ncommunity of users.","representedInStars":true}
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{"key":"osft-doc-0748/c8","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/14878f5feeb54b69","nativeRecordCid":"9a56e136-0f9f-47e8-a426-2899541b2af9","documentId":"osft-doc-0748","id":"c8","text":"Canada's membership in the OGP provides key opportunities to collaborate with OGP colleagues on solutions that benefit citizens globally.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"Canada's OGP membership","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Canada's membership in the OGP provides key opportunities to advance our open government agenda, share and learn from international best practices, and collaborate with our OGP colleagues on solutions that benefit citizens globally.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0748/c9","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/cad4a271a8304cb2","nativeRecordCid":"32bf02dc-18be-471e-9f73-43b6b1107d3b","documentId":"osft-doc-0748","id":"c9","text":"As co-chair of the OGP's Open Data Working Group, Canada works with governments and civil society organizations on defining shared principles for open data.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"Canada's role in OGP Open Data Working Group","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"As co-chair of the OGP's Open Data Working Group, Canada works with governments and civil society organizations on defining shared principles for open data, including the use of common standards that will help align open data services offered around the world.","representedInStars":false}
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{"key":"osft-doc-0748/c12","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/9ef47aa19f7e418b","nativeRecordCid":"6f318e8f-6357-4f39-9735-ae677a998a64","documentId":"osft-doc-0748","id":"c12","text":"The Sunlight Foundation is a key non-profit organization that advocates for open government globally.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"the Sunlight Foundation","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The Sunlight Foundation, a key non-profit organization that advocates for open government globally, has ranked Canada's plan for implementing the G8 Open Data Charter highest among G8 countries.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0748/c13","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/20bdf5c04691419d","nativeRecordCid":"b9b92cb2-298a-4efc-add5-009fd1d84eed","documentId":"osft-doc-0748","id":"c13","text":"Canada's new initiatives on open information and open dialogue will help set the tone for open government in Canada moving forward.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"Canada's open information and dialogue initiatives","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"These activities will help set the tone for open government in Canada moving forward.","representedInStars":false}
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{"key":"osft-doc-0748/c18","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/13ae87230a724aae","nativeRecordCid":"d471e75d-dbf0-44a2-8f6e-8a69d2285b63","documentId":"osft-doc-0748","id":"c18","text":"The Creating Safer Communities grand challenge comprises measures that address public safety, the security sector, disaster and crisis response, and environmental threats.","kind":"definitional","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"Creating Safer Communities grand challenge","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Creating Safer Communities:\nMeasures that address public safety, the security sector, disaster and crisis response, and environmental threats; and","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0748/c19","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/84c3bf9f41844a3d","nativeRecordCid":"60a63cdd-0478-472a-aa20-b422649153cb","documentId":"osft-doc-0748","id":"c19","text":"The Increasing Corporate Accountability grand challenge comprises measures that address corporate responsibility on issues such as the environment, anti-corruption, consumer protection, and community engagement.","kind":"definitional","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"Increasing Corporate Accountability grand challenge","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Increasing Corporate Accountability:\nMeasures that address corporate responsibility on issues such as the environment, anti-corruption, consumer protection, and community engagement.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0748/c20","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/30e341b7f4dc4ba9","nativeRecordCid":"409cb188-1f43-4e0c-b819-dd651a07c180","documentId":"osft-doc-0748","id":"c20","text":"Through OGP reporting processes, Canadians will be able to monitor progress being made on Canada's open government commitments.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"monitoring of Canada's open government commitments","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Through these important processes, Canadians will be able to monitor progress being made on Canada's open government commitments.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0748/c21","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/ed5ff2b18330454d","nativeRecordCid":"6d9dc63f-9ac2-4afd-b694-7a535a697f91","documentId":"osft-doc-0748","id":"c21","text":"Over the last two years, significant progress has been made on a broad range of initiatives to increase access to open data, open information, and open dialogue.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"Canada's open government progress","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Over the last two years, significant progress has been made on a broad range of initiatives to increase access to open data, open information, and open dialogue.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0748/c22","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/291e6543e1144ebf","nativeRecordCid":"cb524b0c-6f5b-44bc-8aaf-ffc707d42006","documentId":"osft-doc-0748","id":"c22","text":"Significant progress made over the last two years has established a strong foundation on which future open government activities can be built.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"Canada's open government progress","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"This has established a strong foundation on which future open government activities can be built, including new government-wide policy on the release of open data and information, and modern, state-of-the-art platforms to enable public access to government information and engagement opportunities.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0748/c23","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/3edc49a874cd4b02","nativeRecordCid":"78d79637-8acd-48ff-aef6-93f48894097d","documentId":"osft-doc-0748","id":"c23","text":"Canada.ca provides intuitive navigation features that help Canadians find the information they need more quickly and easily.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"Canada.ca","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Late last year, the federal government introduced its new government-wide web portal at Canada.ca that provides intuitive navigation features to help Canadians find the information they need more quickly and easily.","representedInStars":false}
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{"key":"osft-doc-0748/c25","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/d109897256b54c7d","nativeRecordCid":"a555cc8b-6027-4bcb-9dd8-2c55cbbab54e","documentId":"osft-doc-0748","id":"c25","text":"Canada.ca features government-wide search capabilities, better use of social media, and optimized content for mobile devices.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"Canada.ca","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The portal enables users to quickly complete tasks, and features government-wide search capabilities, better use of social media, and optimized content for mobile devices.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0748/c26","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/ff417a94c46446e1","nativeRecordCid":"c4b474d4-812e-4627-adae-1e53a0955dfb","documentId":"osft-doc-0748","id":"c26","text":"Free and open access to government data and information is of significant value to society.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"free and open access to government data","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Increasingly, governments around the world have come to recognize that free and open access to government data and information are of significant value to society and the economy.","representedInStars":false}
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{"key":"osft-doc-0748/c41","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/adb92bfb8d0f4745","nativeRecordCid":"8ff6e39e-5993-41d1-9c1e-54e1ec64f771","documentId":"osft-doc-0748","id":"c41","text":"Departments and agencies must develop inventories of their data and information.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"departments and agencies","subject":"departments and agencies' data inventories","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Departments and agencies will also be required to develop inventories of their data and information, plan for the release of eligible holdings, and lay out a schedule for their release.","representedInStars":false}
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{"key":"osft-doc-0748/c48","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/62f47de090ef4a3d","nativeRecordCid":"ff8769d2-1d23-40db-9076-bea0c5b8abd2","documentId":"osft-doc-0748","id":"c48","text":"Maximizing the release of data and information drives economic benefits through the innovative reuse of data and information.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"maximizing release of data and information","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Maximizing the release of data and information will enable Canadians to better engage with their government and hold it accountable, creating an environment that supports meaningful civic engagement and drives social and economic benefits through the innovative reuse of data and information.","representedInStars":false}
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{"key":"osft-doc-0748/c53","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/62873283d10d4aa8","nativeRecordCid":"114d0b70-d1af-4379-893e-4a5425d098d8","documentId":"osft-doc-0748","id":"c53","text":"This type of opportunity is leading public sector institutions in Canada at all levels to undertake open data initiatives.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"public sector institutions in Canada","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"This type of opportunity is leading public sector institutions in Canada at all levels to undertake open data initiatives.","representedInStars":false}
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{"key":"osft-doc-0748/c55","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/6119654d50d44795","nativeRecordCid":"90474158-a2e7-40dd-831d-fae549ede3c2","documentId":"osft-doc-0748","id":"c55","text":"Citizens expect to be able to access information and services electronically when and how they choose to do so.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"citizens' expectations for accessing information","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Today, citizens expect to be able to access information and services electronically when and how they choose to do so.","representedInStars":false}
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{"key":"osft-doc-0748/c57","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/4bae6ca54f1b4ecf","nativeRecordCid":"5b4c386c-47a0-45ad-8742-85ad20dd467e","documentId":"osft-doc-0748","id":"c57","text":"There remain real challenges to accessing government data in a way that can generate insights, ideas, and services to truly benefit society.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"challenges in accessing government data","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The creation of an information economy has motivated government to release vast amounts of public data, but there remain real challenges to accessing that data in a way that can generate insights, ideas, and services to truly benefit society.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0748/c58","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/1085251cb7a445e3","nativeRecordCid":"96e57cc8-1d82-43d6-8e59-819172f4cc8e","documentId":"osft-doc-0748","id":"c58","text":"Open data holds an enormous potential to enhance development efforts around the world.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"open data","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Open data holds an enormous potential to enhance development efforts around the world.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0748/c59","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/e179fee6698540de","nativeRecordCid":"841d8844-db34-4311-b6be-ab06e02414ce","documentId":"osft-doc-0748","id":"c59","text":"The OGP is in many ways a global platform for connecting, empowering, and supporting open government reform across member countries.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"the Open Government Partnership (OGP)","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The OGP is in many ways a global platform for connecting, empowering, and supporting open government reform across member countries.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0748/c60","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/a4159fcd67884b94","nativeRecordCid":"d65dffe9-f005-4bfc-b12a-9660e624b50c","documentId":"osft-doc-0748","id":"c60","text":"The OD4D initiative aims to support the global and regional efforts of governments, civil society organizations, and entrepreneurs harnessing open data to achieve development outcomes.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"the OD4D initiative","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The OD4D initiative aims to support the global and regional efforts of governments, civil society organizations, and entrepreneurs harnessing open data to achieve development outcomes, and enrich the international sharing of open data solutions and best practices.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0748/c61","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/c3a3419a417d455a","nativeRecordCid":"c7b28416-1973-422a-a39e-c48041176f4e","documentId":"osft-doc-0748","id":"c61","text":"The OD4D initiative aims to enrich the international sharing of open data solutions and best practices.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"the OD4D initiative","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The OD4D initiative aims to support the global and regional efforts of governments, civil society organizations, and entrepreneurs harnessing open data to achieve development outcomes, and enrich the international sharing of open data solutions and best practices.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0748/c62","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/d75c4c9487e64eef","nativeRecordCid":"816a0009-b939-4a97-80c3-49a352780d92","documentId":"osft-doc-0748","id":"c62","text":"Increasing the transparency of international development assistance through open data contributes to greater aid effectiveness.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"transparency of international development assistance through open data","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"In addition, we will continue our efforts to increase the transparency of Canada's international development assistance through open data, which contributes to greater aid effectiveness and increases the ability of citizens in partner countries to hold their governments to account on development progress.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0748/c63","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/33f7264d98004196","nativeRecordCid":"a49be9ef-d91b-460f-b497-5f3270cfe7b9","documentId":"osft-doc-0748","id":"c63","text":"Increasing the transparency of international development assistance through open data increases the ability of citizens in partner countries to hold their governments to account on development progress.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"transparency of international development assistance through open data","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"In addition, we will continue our efforts to increase the transparency of Canada's international development assistance through open data, which contributes to greater aid effectiveness and increases the ability of citizens in partner countries to hold their governments to account on development progress.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0748/c64","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/19ae8859bac443fa","nativeRecordCid":"2d20d7a6-b738-4bf7-9639-d653b49f07cf","documentId":"osft-doc-0748","id":"c64","text":"All modern governments possess a vast wealth of information about their country and its citizens.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"modern governments","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The Government of Canada, like all modern governments, possesses a vast wealth of information about our country and its citizens.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0748/c65","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/000d086842cb45dc","nativeRecordCid":"9b7338d0-7a7d-4f56-8447-79e0c2205579","documentId":"osft-doc-0748","id":"c65","text":"The breadth and depth of government information can be overwhelming.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"government information","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"From program and policy-related information and scientific and research data, to financial and expenditure information and historical archives, the breadth and depth of government information can be overwhelming.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0748/c66","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/b7d47a643891416d","nativeRecordCid":"ce1d526d-d4cb-4c65-96d8-6e2a75dfb63b","documentId":"osft-doc-0748","id":"c66","text":"Open government requires improved awareness and access to government information for both the public and government officials.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"","subject":"open government","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Improved awareness and access to this information for both the public and government officials is an essential element of open government.","representedInStars":false}
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{"key":"osft-doc-0748/c71","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/32e8f430577f4e9b","nativeRecordCid":"da648c4d-a71c-4677-a059-6d35f1f5a38a","documentId":"osft-doc-0748","id":"c71","text":"The Government of Canada makes significant investments in scientific research.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"Government of Canada","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The Government of Canada makes significant investments in scientific research.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0748/c72","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/dc2cd0ed0f554e98","nativeRecordCid":"dc14a35e-0f56-48f4-8489-7a4ff037b049","documentId":"osft-doc-0748","id":"c72","text":"Canada has become a world leader in a number of important scientific research areas.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"Canada","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"As a result, Canada has become a world leader in a number of important scientific research areas, and continues to support leading-edge research by some of the world's best scientific minds.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0748/c73","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/6c51be20890947ff","nativeRecordCid":"fff05940-0333-4a21-93e8-72365a679fd4","documentId":"osft-doc-0748","id":"c73","text":"Canada continues to support leading-edge research by some of the world's best scientific minds.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"Canada","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"As a result, Canada has become a world leader in a number of important scientific research areas, and continues to support leading-edge research by some of the world's best scientific minds.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0748/c74","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/6880ececa6d34d9d","nativeRecordCid":"011b86c1-545f-4c2c-9186-12e2fe68655f","documentId":"osft-doc-0748","id":"c74","text":"Increasing public access to government-funded scientific research data and information has the potential to drive innovation across the broader scientific community.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"public access to government-funded scientific research data","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Increasing public access to government-funded scientific research data and information has the potential to further drive innovation and discovery across the broader scientific community.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-0748/c75","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/77ce6ad31c9f4c2a","nativeRecordCid":"7ccc2b60-df73-4e0a-bdd6-49187917da1b","documentId":"osft-doc-0748","id":"c75","text":"Increasing public access to government-funded scientific research data and information has the potential to drive discovery across the broader scientific community.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"public access to government-funded scientific research data","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Increasing public access to government-funded scientific research data and information has the potential to further drive innovation and discovery across the broader scientific community.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-0748/c76","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/f3effcade72641fc","nativeRecordCid":"e3ffa08c-11ef-4927-ad8a-47b779555d42","documentId":"osft-doc-0748","id":"c76","text":"Openness in resource development is necessary both at home and abroad.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"","subject":"resource development","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"As a country with abundant natural resource wealth, Canada understands the necessity of openness and accountability in resource development both at home and abroad.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0748/c77","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/7236fe8689aa46f3","nativeRecordCid":"422d4c64-5f00-46a8-8c39-0a047172e929","documentId":"osft-doc-0748","id":"c77","text":"Accountability in resource development is necessary both at home and abroad.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"","subject":"resource development","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"As a country with abundant natural resource wealth, Canada understands the necessity of openness and accountability in resource development both at home and abroad.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0748/c78","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/08b1655a439a4b37","nativeRecordCid":"9a79a438-87f1-4764-bb8b-4c5981cf2b0d","documentId":"osft-doc-0748","id":"c78","text":"Responsible development attracts investment.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"responsible resource development","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Responsible development attracts investment, helps enhance the reputation of Canada's extractive firms, and strengthens international partnerships.","representedInStars":false}
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{"key":"osft-doc-0748/c80","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/9b8fe75b18484dc8","nativeRecordCid":"40559858-ffdc-42b7-80cb-3cfe14e06c39","documentId":"osft-doc-0748","id":"c80","text":"Responsible development strengthens international partnerships.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"responsible resource development","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Responsible development attracts investment, helps enhance the reputation of Canada's extractive firms, and strengthens international partnerships.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0748/c81","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/d14c167daf054ca2","nativeRecordCid":"204eac9c-2c00-4626-ab8e-5b3e8789a247","documentId":"osft-doc-0748","id":"c81","text":"Raising global standards of transparency will improve accountability in the extractive sector.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"global standards of transparency","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Raising global standards of transparency will improve accountability in the sector and reduce corruption and other illicit activities.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0748/c82","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/c842721ebe634550","nativeRecordCid":"6405d9a2-d868-4ba1-8863-721de9efeffc","documentId":"osft-doc-0748","id":"c82","text":"Raising global standards of transparency will reduce corruption and other illicit activities.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"global standards of transparency","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Raising global standards of transparency will improve accountability in the sector and reduce corruption and other illicit activities.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0748/c83","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/7555600d045b4717","nativeRecordCid":"c93bd179-9b62-4b48-8254-59ae5b353918","documentId":"osft-doc-0748","id":"c83","text":"Extractive entities are often required to make payments to cover licence fees, rental and entry fees, royalties, and other costs.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"extractive entities' payments","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Extractive entities are often required to make such payments to cover licence fees, rental and entry fees, royalties, and other costs.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0748/c84","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/b31c800204804523","nativeRecordCid":"9e8cd599-7036-4ab7-b460-f583060a9d93","documentId":"osft-doc-0748","id":"c84","text":"Mandatory reporting standards increase Canadians' awareness about how extractive companies' revenues are spent.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"mandatory reporting standards","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Mandatory reporting standards will increase Canadians' awareness about how extractive companies' revenues are spent, which supports transparency and social responsibility and helps to combat corruption.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0748/c85","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/3c93871e8d7249b9","nativeRecordCid":"1732efa4-e534-4323-ac3f-38890a42d7f1","documentId":"osft-doc-0748","id":"c85","text":"Increased awareness about how extractive companies' revenues are spent supports transparency.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"awareness of extractive companies' revenue spending","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Mandatory reporting standards will increase Canadians' awareness about how extractive companies' revenues are spent, which supports transparency and social responsibility and helps to combat corruption.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0748/c86","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/46df9beaf73b46b6","nativeRecordCid":"5ae37700-5353-412f-8dc2-e41e77aa7c08","documentId":"osft-doc-0748","id":"c86","text":"Increased awareness about how extractive companies' revenues are spent supports social responsibility.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"awareness of extractive companies' revenue spending","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Mandatory reporting standards will increase Canadians' awareness about how extractive companies' revenues are spent, which supports transparency and social responsibility and helps to combat corruption.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0748/c87","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/265c99ce1f8b4c9e","nativeRecordCid":"41fcfbe3-d4e3-455b-998a-d369ceae2d41","documentId":"osft-doc-0748","id":"c87","text":"Increased awareness about how extractive companies' revenues are spent helps combat corruption.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"awareness of extractive companies' revenue spending","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Mandatory reporting standards will increase Canadians' awareness about how extractive companies' revenues are spent, which supports transparency and social responsibility and helps to combat corruption.","representedInStars":false}
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{"key":"osft-doc-0756/c4","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/63a694684c7549b9","nativeRecordCid":"83a39e45-7de1-4931-839a-76737541b858","documentId":"osft-doc-0756","id":"c4","text":"A board-governed organisation drawn from the stakeholder community builds more confidence that the organisation will take decisions that consider different interests.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"board-governed organisation","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"a board-governed organisation drawn from the stakeholder community builds more confidence that the organisation will take decisions driven by community consensus and consideration of different interests.","representedInStars":true}
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{"key":"osft-doc-0756/c6","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/b5047ecdd0d94a09","nativeRecordCid":"06ab6886-2df8-4b45-b3d0-036f83f2c3de","documentId":"osft-doc-0756","id":"c6","text":"Any stakeholder group expressing an interest should be welcome as a member.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"infrastructure organisation","subject":"stakeholder group membership","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"we see the best option as an “opt-in” approach with a principle of non-discrimination where any stakeholder group may express an interest and should be welcome.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-0756/c7","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/06dd9283475745da","nativeRecordCid":"3eca4c14-d6f6-44be-a66d-9b6a960d80a9","documentId":"osft-doc-0756","id":"c7","text":"The process of representation in day to day governance must be inclusive.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"infrastructure organisation","subject":"governance representation","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The process of representation in day to day governance must also be inclusive with governance that reflects the demographics of the membership.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0756/c8","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/b745a9e767134be2","nativeRecordCid":"18c34c01-0e18-4b5a-9c0e-9c385b22c2bf","documentId":"osft-doc-0756","id":"c8","text":"Governance must reflect the demographics of the membership.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"infrastructure organisation","subject":"governance representation","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The process of representation in day to day governance must also be inclusive with governance that reflects the demographics of the membership.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-0756/c9","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/dedfb9804b754b5f","nativeRecordCid":"529c1a29-a106-4df6-ad76-7561e296e0ca","documentId":"osft-doc-0756","id":"c9","text":"Infrastructure organisations' processes and operations should be transparent, within the constraints of privacy laws, in order to achieve trust in the selection of representatives to governance groups.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"infrastructure organisations","subject":"transparency of operations","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"achieving trust in the selection of representatives to governance groups will be best achieved through transparent processes and operations in general (within the constraints of privacy laws).","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-0756/c10","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/a629a8b2a86d4266","nativeRecordCid":"f636f4b2-a8d5-4179-a307-74b1f2484351","documentId":"osft-doc-0756","id":"c10","text":"The community, not infrastructure organisations, should collectively drive regulatory change.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"the community","subject":"regulatory change","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"the community, not infrastructure organisations, should collectively drive regulatory change.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-0756/c11","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/577d847795c94719","nativeRecordCid":"173976b1-918f-4fee-84fe-b202a2ec9b48","documentId":"osft-doc-0756","id":"c11","text":"An infrastructure organisation's role should be to provide a base for others to work on.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"infrastructure organisation","subject":"infrastructure organisation's role","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"An infrastructure organisation’s role is to provide a base for others to work on and should depend on its community to support the creation of a legislative environment that affects it.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-0756/c12","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/d08d480043ed4192","nativeRecordCid":"7427d6bf-b71c-4766-9316-949960bfe6b2","documentId":"osft-doc-0756","id":"c12","text":"An infrastructure organisation should depend on its community to support the creation of a legislative environment that affects it.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"infrastructure organisation","subject":"legislative environment","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"An infrastructure organisation’s role is to provide a base for others to work on and should depend on its community to support the creation of a legislative environment that affects it.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-0756/c13","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/44b51a4fb6994c9c","nativeRecordCid":"1c56d541-906e-44fd-8fa0-43f94c8163f1","documentId":"osft-doc-0756","id":"c13","text":"Infrastructure organisations should publicly describe a plan addressing the conditions under which the organisation would be wound down, how this would happen, and how any ongoing assets could be archived and preserved when passed to a successor organisation.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"infrastructure organisations","subject":"wind-down plan","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"a powerful way to create trust is to publicly describe a plan addressing the condition under which an organisation would be wound down, how this would happen, and how any ongoing assets could be archived and preserved when passed to a successor organisation.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-0756/c14","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/bd9c1635842d4659","nativeRecordCid":"82570eae-9f5a-4b86-8ec2-462c4dad986a","documentId":"osft-doc-0756","id":"c14","text":"Any successor organisation must honour this same set of principles.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"successor organisation","subject":"successor organisation's obligations","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Any such organisation would need to honour this same set of principles.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-0756/c15","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/45713d5a79a54d2d","nativeRecordCid":"cd4ec379-c7f4-4815-a3e6-c0e8541af119","documentId":"osft-doc-0756","id":"c15","text":"Infrastructures exist for a specific purpose.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"infrastructures","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"infrastructures exist for a specific purpose and that purpose can be radically simplified or even rendered unnecessary by technological or social change.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-0756/c16","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/f27639fb36d3470b","nativeRecordCid":"c2c10e4f-12d0-4461-b6ae-97c077212043","documentId":"osft-doc-0756","id":"c16","text":"The purpose of an infrastructure can be radically simplified by technological or social change.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"infrastructure's purpose","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"infrastructures exist for a specific purpose and that purpose can be radically simplified or even rendered unnecessary by technological or social change.","representedInStars":false}
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{"key":"osft-doc-0756/c20","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/384bcb1d50f94589","nativeRecordCid":"9b9d68c3-3029-47d1-a4a6-67a03d455d09","documentId":"osft-doc-0756","id":"c20","text":"Day to day operations should be supported by day to day sustainable revenue sources.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"infrastructure organisations","subject":"funding of operations","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"day to day operations should be supported by day to day sustainable revenue sources.","representedInStars":true}
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{"key":"osft-doc-0756/c24","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/e8875fc460994a26","nativeRecordCid":"c7ffc4a0-d48b-4e59-8e52-3b895881d3a1","documentId":"osft-doc-0756","id":"c24","text":"Organisations which define sustainability based merely on recovering costs are stagnant.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"cost-recovery sustainability","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"organisations which define sustainability based merely on recovering costs are brittle and stagnant.","representedInStars":true}
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{"key":"osft-doc-0756/c26","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/abd59df15ef44504","nativeRecordCid":"d628c3f9-c4df-4b41-94c7-a9accf0fd250","documentId":"osft-doc-0756","id":"c26","text":"To weather economic, social and technological volatility, organisations need financial resources beyond immediate operating costs.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"organisations","subject":"financial resources","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"To weather economic, social and technological volatility, they need financial resources beyond immediate operating costs.","representedInStars":true}
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{"key":"osft-doc-0756/c28","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/329ad80ccbde4c4f","nativeRecordCid":"a5d1e8ae-62e6-4f5a-8a08-aef118445adc","documentId":"osft-doc-0756","id":"c28","text":"The contingency fund should be kept separate from funds allocated to covering operating risk and investment in development.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"organisations","subject":"contingency fund separation","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"This fund should be separate from those allocated to covering operating risk and investment in development.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-0756/c29","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/91c09a38b87647ae","nativeRecordCid":"e8608f00-de36-4883-aca3-31137a99768e","documentId":"osft-doc-0756","id":"c29","text":"Potential revenue sources should be considered for consistency with the organisational mission and not run counter to the aims of the organisation.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"organisations","subject":"revenue source selection","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"potential revenue sources should be considered for consistency with the organisational mission and not run counter to the aims of the organisation.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-0756/c30","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/0a1145797d2940e8","nativeRecordCid":"4902d651-641f-4c50-805b-f90cd45da8ff","documentId":"osft-doc-0756","id":"c30","text":"Data related to the running of the research enterprise should be a community property.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"","subject":"research enterprise data","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"data related to the running of the research enterprise should be a community property.","representedInStars":true}
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{"key":"osft-doc-0756/c32","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/15de51828b3e4c0c","nativeRecordCid":"96809573-dd24-45af-9c80-25a122cb371d","documentId":"osft-doc-0756","id":"c32","text":"Appropriate revenue sources may include consulting.","kind":"normative","modality":"may","actor":"organisations","subject":"revenue sources","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Appropriate revenue sources might include value-added services, consulting, API Service Level Agreements or membership fees.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-0756/c33","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/fead4e8f08594f11","nativeRecordCid":"c2adfd85-eeb7-4737-bda6-2c6fd6f4d8ec","documentId":"osft-doc-0756","id":"c33","text":"Appropriate revenue sources may include API Service Level Agreements.","kind":"normative","modality":"may","actor":"organisations","subject":"revenue sources","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Appropriate revenue sources might include value-added services, consulting, API Service Level Agreements or membership fees.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-0756/c34","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/5d81ba2fa89c435f","nativeRecordCid":"3f1db627-f569-4862-9dd0-e2bb59fd37b4","documentId":"osft-doc-0756","id":"c34","text":"Appropriate revenue sources may include membership fees.","kind":"normative","modality":"may","actor":"organisations","subject":"revenue sources","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Appropriate revenue sources might include value-added services, consulting, API Service Level Agreements or membership fees.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-0756/c35","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/cbd3bb9fe85b4828","nativeRecordCid":"ce76c757-582c-4a36-bb9f-0ba963aaa910","documentId":"osft-doc-0756","id":"c35","text":"All software required to run the infrastructure should be available under an open source license.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"infrastructure organisations","subject":"software licensing","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"All software required to run the infrastructure should be available under an open source license.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-0756/c36","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/dc366628c89f409b","nativeRecordCid":"cac048ec-f9c1-4243-9f71-e46c503c74e0","documentId":"osft-doc-0756","id":"c36","text":"For an infrastructure to be forked, it is necessary to replicate all relevant data.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"","subject":"forking infrastructure","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"For an infrastructure to be forked it will be necessary to replicate all relevant data.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-0756/c37","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/e6532eb5033f4b68","nativeRecordCid":"ade89a79-44df-4acd-817c-0b439548b9aa","documentId":"osft-doc-0756","id":"c37","text":"Data should be made legally available using the CC0 waiver as best practice.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"infrastructure organisations","subject":"data licensing","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The CC0 waiver is best practice in making data legally available.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-0756/c38","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/121d5cbf4cea456b","nativeRecordCid":"6e7ffb54-c6c3-4d72-858d-952f04bcd2ea","documentId":"osft-doc-0756","id":"c38","text":"Privacy and data protection laws limit the extent to which data can be made openly available.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"privacy and data protection laws","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Privacy and data protection laws will limit the extent to which this is possible","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-0756/c39","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/58f7c671d2be402f","nativeRecordCid":"f1159386-9ab8-4a91-b61f-0ed64bac917a","documentId":"osft-doc-0756","id":"c39","text":"Data must be made available in a practical way that allows it to actually be obtained, not merely labeled as open.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"infrastructure organisations","subject":"data accessibility","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"It is not enough that the data be made “open” if there is not a practical way to actually obtain it.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-0756/c40","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/5e5d6aeae0e445a9","nativeRecordCid":"0da2d3ee-5693-486b-b7a1-3d1ce65cd012","documentId":"osft-doc-0756","id":"c40","text":"Underlying data should be made easily available via periodic data dumps.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"infrastructure organisations","subject":"data dumps","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Underlying data should be made easily available via periodic data dumps.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-0756/c41","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/9e659128fcca4202","nativeRecordCid":"d0b6222b-a385-4bdf-9b80-dc92702289c8","documentId":"osft-doc-0756","id":"c41","text":"The organisation should commit to a patent non-assertion covenant.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"the organisation","subject":"patent non-assertion","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The organisation should commit to a patent non-assertion covenant.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-0756/c42","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/176afdb71acc44fa","nativeRecordCid":"4b64fe8b-26e0-41bc-91e2-bee4550ad762","documentId":"osft-doc-0756","id":"c42","text":"The organisation may obtain patents to protect its own operations.","kind":"normative","modality":"may","actor":"the organisation","subject":"patents","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The organisation may obtain patents to protect its own operations, but not use them to prevent the community from replicating the infrastructure.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-0756/c43","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/437293e1ac8546dc","nativeRecordCid":"4f538b22-e56b-4d59-891a-fb51327738ea","documentId":"osft-doc-0756","id":"c43","text":"The organisation must not use patents to prevent the community from replicating the infrastructure.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"the organisation","subject":"patents","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The organisation may obtain patents to protect its own operations, but not use them to prevent the community from replicating the infrastructure.","representedInStars":true}
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{"key":"osft-doc-0777/c2","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/bf8357b54f82402a","nativeRecordCid":"1ebefee3-69bf-4b88-9923-4e0d94c21398","documentId":"osft-doc-0777","id":"c2","text":"Academic freedom of research and education is a core value of research.","kind":"definitional","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"academic freedom of research and education","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Openness is promoted while also \ntaking into account the other core values of research: academic freedom of research \nand education, reliability, research integrity and equity.","representedInStars":false}
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{"key":"osft-doc-0777/c7","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/e26f3ddd29ed44e2","nativeRecordCid":"549b7000-0362-4f91-835e-9479be2bafe1","documentId":"osft-doc-0777","id":"c7","text":"Openness helps promote access to research-based knowledge.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"openness","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Openness also helps promote international equity and access \nto research-based knowledge.","representedInStars":true}
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{"key":"osft-doc-0777/c12","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/e13b0a00baf14adf","nativeRecordCid":"6d72d8a9-2e22-47dd-b63d-b26d659bacc2","documentId":"osft-doc-0777","id":"c12","text":"Diversity and multilingualism allow consideration of the specific characteristics of organisations and the various methods and dimensions of promoting openness.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"diversity and multilingualism","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Diversity and multilingualism, which allow us to consider the specific characte -\nristics of the organisations, and the various methods and dimensions of promoting \nopenness.","representedInStars":false}
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{"key":"osft-doc-0777/c19","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/2c7532f4f1b84dfd","nativeRecordCid":"441a9c80-f022-4d67-bece-84ecde77f7b8","documentId":"osft-doc-0777","id":"c19","text":"Openness promotes intellectual and cultural development.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"openness","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"• Openness promotes intellectual and cultural development and the societal use \nof research.","representedInStars":false}
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{"key":"osft-doc-0777/c25","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/a1b85b2a3c604058","nativeRecordCid":"30a707b6-4d48-4e31-8faa-b52483f6774b","documentId":"osft-doc-0777","id":"c25","text":"Openness promotes the versatile utilisation and reuse of research outputs.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"openness","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"• Openness supports the impact, quality and diversity of research, education and \nadministration, as well as innovation and development, in a sustainable way \nwhile also promoting the versatile utilisation and reuse of the research outputs.","representedInStars":true}
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{"key":"osft-doc-0785/c1","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/5df8de4f91fe473c","nativeRecordCid":"7275a8e9-ba97-457c-ba5c-4205de207c7d","documentId":"osft-doc-0785","id":"c1","text":"Member States should prioritize promoting a common understanding of open science, its associated benefits and challenges, and the diverse paths to open science.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"Member States","subject":"priority areas for implementing the Recommendation","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Promoting a common understanding of open science and its associated benefits and challenges, as well as the diverse paths to open science","representedInStars":true}
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{"key":"osft-doc-0825/c14","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/e34466ad5d794bad","nativeRecordCid":"b7766083-da41-4cbd-8ba7-3453b9d0f63e","documentId":"osft-doc-0825","id":"c14","text":"The investment required for restructuring and rebuilding cities, mines, farms, industries, and transport systems to create a zero-carbon emission world is prohibitive for many nations.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"investment for zero-carbon transition","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The investment required for restructuring, and rebuilding our cities, mines, farms, industries, and transport systems to create a zero-carbon emission world is prohibitive for many nations.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-0825/c15","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/93ee3bf0be164eb2","nativeRecordCid":"9b817893-992c-4ce6-b3b9-d431759dc46f","documentId":"osft-doc-0825","id":"c15","text":"Progress toward a zero-carbon world can be accelerated if universities, funding agencies, and governments work together to put forward policy and legislation providing unrestricted access to publicly funded scientific research.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"progress toward zero-carbon world","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Yet, progress can be accelerated if universities, funding agencies and governments work together to put forward policy and legislation that accelerates and lowers the cost of deploying solutions at scale by providing unrestricted access to all publicly funded scientific research.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-0825/c16","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/655df3ccd5514711","nativeRecordCid":"fa09b4f3-9442-47e9-8bbf-397d72624d02","documentId":"osft-doc-0825","id":"c16","text":"The return on investment from scientific research and education is amplified when it is openly accessible.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"return on investment in research","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The return on investment originating from scientific research and education is amplified when it is openly accessible.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-0825/c17","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/630c6e7814e84ab9","nativeRecordCid":"5be6b845-c9f6-4593-9b81-db42262eb27a","documentId":"osft-doc-0825","id":"c17","text":"Knowledge locked behind paywalls slows down societal progress.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"knowledge locked behind paywalls","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Most (61%) of this new knowledge remains locked behind paywalls, slowing down societal progress, holding back industries and entrepreneurs, delaying access of knowledge to practitioners, and losing the public’s trust in science!","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-0825/c18","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/7bbaa4e93b1043c6","nativeRecordCid":"4810bc0f-be0b-47c0-a146-f694c2cc7244","documentId":"osft-doc-0825","id":"c18","text":"Knowledge locked behind paywalls holds back industries and entrepreneurs.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"knowledge locked behind paywalls","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Most (61%) of this new knowledge remains locked behind paywalls, slowing down societal progress, holding back industries and entrepreneurs, delaying access of knowledge to practitioners, and losing the public’s trust in science!","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-0825/c19","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/2a4ce89ec08d4751","nativeRecordCid":"80e33d06-2603-4718-961f-0a2128c15c77","documentId":"osft-doc-0825","id":"c19","text":"Knowledge locked behind paywalls delays access of knowledge to practitioners.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"knowledge locked behind paywalls","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Most (61%) of this new knowledge remains locked behind paywalls, slowing down societal progress, holding back industries and entrepreneurs, delaying access of knowledge to practitioners, and losing the public’s trust in science!","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-0825/c20","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/b593f9fce0cd44b7","nativeRecordCid":"0dc53af3-deb6-43ef-82f9-f28c3f782945","documentId":"osft-doc-0825","id":"c20","text":"Knowledge locked behind paywalls diminishes the public's trust in science.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"knowledge locked behind paywalls","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Most (61%) of this new knowledge remains locked behind paywalls, slowing down societal progress, holding back industries and entrepreneurs, delaying access of knowledge to practitioners, and losing the public’s trust in science!","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-0825/c21","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/5dcee133b666493a","nativeRecordCid":"989a51d4-ba79-42fd-a65f-7115b9e1a4f2","documentId":"osft-doc-0825","id":"c21","text":"Liberating knowledge locked behind paywalls will accelerate innovation across all sectors globally.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"liberating locked knowledge","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Liberating this knowledge will accelerate innovation across all sectors globally and bring timely solutions to all global challenges.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-0825/c22","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/e3eeb512d8974b79","nativeRecordCid":"d3f6670e-b0f5-4673-9b14-07a3c1136f86","documentId":"osft-doc-0825","id":"c22","text":"Liberating knowledge locked behind paywalls will bring timely solutions to all global challenges.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"liberating locked knowledge","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Liberating this knowledge will accelerate innovation across all sectors globally and bring timely solutions to all global challenges.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-0825/c23","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/0c9b25a11f0147d9","nativeRecordCid":"80700770-1815-40b3-acaa-1fdfed3c9ea8","documentId":"osft-doc-0825","id":"c23","text":"Open Science empowers the public to participate in choosing among the transformative options that scientific advancements offer society.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"Open Science empowering the public","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Open Science is a powerful catalyst, empowering the public to participate in choosing from the transformative options that scientific advancements offer society.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-0825/c24","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/d99132930b6c4a09","nativeRecordCid":"aeb98e83-dbb6-4a09-bb42-df162f0a4b5a","documentId":"osft-doc-0825","id":"c24","text":"Open science offers accessible evidence.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"open science and evidence","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Whether it involves embracing life-saving vaccines, adopting sustainable practices such as plant-based diets and circular food production, or embracing renewable energy technologies that redefine our lifestyles, open science offers accessible evidence, fostering confidence and building hope.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-0825/c25","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/e1f511f9f02b49de","nativeRecordCid":"35f7e528-3ed9-4034-b584-62eb26ae630d","documentId":"osft-doc-0825","id":"c25","text":"Open science fosters confidence and builds hope.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"open science's effect on confidence and hope","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Whether it involves embracing life-saving vaccines, adopting sustainable practices such as plant-based diets and circular food production, or embracing renewable energy technologies that redefine our lifestyles, open science offers accessible evidence, fostering confidence and building hope.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-0825/c26","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/f856c61015d64c91","nativeRecordCid":"8ed5429e-e87b-4600-9f6b-c52b70de23a9","documentId":"osft-doc-0825","id":"c26","text":"Open science serves as a shield for quality science.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"open science and quality science","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"By championing transparency and accountability, open science also serves as a shield for quality science and safeguards against misconduct and misdirection in science.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-0825/c27","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/c03e24b07dc145ea","nativeRecordCid":"d21fec02-0fc6-4d51-952b-34543aa74b09","documentId":"osft-doc-0825","id":"c27","text":"Open science safeguards against misconduct and misdirection in science.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"open science and scientific misconduct","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"By championing transparency and accountability, open science also serves as a shield for quality science and safeguards against misconduct and misdirection in science.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-0825/c28","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/01d7de1d792c40c7","nativeRecordCid":"d42bdba1-a229-49d6-81f3-738e6ddfe649","documentId":"osft-doc-0825","id":"c28","text":"Open Science includes making peer reviewed scholarly articles immediately accessible for free.","kind":"definitional","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"Open Science's scope","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Open Science includes, but is not limited to, making peer reviewed scholarly articles immediately accessible for free, providing appropriate access to research data as well as sharing the methodology and programming code used to conduct the research.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-0825/c29","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/69615992b74543f9","nativeRecordCid":"7623d3bc-606c-4d29-85ef-5472064dab8d","documentId":"osft-doc-0825","id":"c29","text":"Open Science includes providing appropriate access to research data.","kind":"definitional","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"Open Science's scope","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Open Science includes, but is not limited to, making peer reviewed scholarly articles immediately accessible for free, providing appropriate access to research data as well as sharing the methodology and programming code used to conduct the research.","representedInStars":true}
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{"key":"osft-doc-0832/c5","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/a325772e55e742a8","nativeRecordCid":"7f3e46c1-583f-48f6-9481-20fcf5f24bc8","documentId":"osft-doc-0832","id":"c5","text":"Non-subscriber requests for text and data mining access are considered on a case-by-case basis.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"non-subscriber access for TDM","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Non-subscriber access for TDM purposes:\nRequests are considered on a case-by-case basis, and can be made by emailing our\nPermission Helpdesk","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0832/c6","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/bba6d37cf73741df","nativeRecordCid":"970aee1e-9216-4f53-b4c2-91f00f454028","documentId":"osft-doc-0832","id":"c6","text":"Elsevier supports and accommodates researchers who have specific text mining needs.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"support for researchers with specific TDM needs","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"We are always happy to support and accommodate researchers who have specific text mining needs, please email requests via our\nPermission Helpdesk","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0832/c7","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/89c097b1d0f148ce","nativeRecordCid":"05fc35c2-f61c-4a2b-9d4e-d67802a8d520","documentId":"osft-doc-0832","id":"c7","text":"Elsevier has created a self-service developer's portal that enables researchers to easily gain access to Elsevier's article programming interface (API) for a multitude of use cases, including text and data mining.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"self-service developer's portal","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"We are committed to streamlining the administrative process for text mining and have created a self-service developer's portal to enable researchers to easily gain access to our article programming interface (API) for a multitude of user cases, including TDM.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0832/c8","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/1cec599cd3ed45ee","nativeRecordCid":"b5669ce7-1e33-4f89-8fd6-1874a7031a80","documentId":"osft-doc-0832","id":"c8","text":"All researchers at subscribing academic institutions can download articles to text mine for non-commercial research purposes via Elsevier's full text API.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"researcher access to full text API","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"All researchers at subscribing academic institutions can download articles to text mine for non-commercial research purposes via our full text API.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0832/c9","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/04a06dcf10ce4205","nativeRecordCid":"2091d049-56e3-478b-9d33-c35a867502db","documentId":"osft-doc-0832","id":"c9","text":"Registration for the API is quick and simple.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"API registration process","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Registration for the API is quick and simple; visit our\ndevelopers portal\nopens in new tab/window\nfor further details.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0832/c10","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/6f8e0ba36c0b49a8","nativeRecordCid":"522d78fa-09e2-40b4-8f38-0cbb3cca4366","documentId":"osft-doc-0832","id":"c10","text":"Elsevier's approach and policy on text and data mining reflects its ongoing collaboration within the research community.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"Elsevier's TDM policy and approach","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Elsevier's approach and policy on text and data mining is a reflection of our ongoing collaboration within the research community.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0836/c1","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/181aabb070d54983","nativeRecordCid":"6ff1d0cf-3d88-43f4-8c15-2e0ddd17f9b4","documentId":"osft-doc-0836","id":"c1","text":"The enclosure of scholarly infrastructures would put everything gained by opening content and data under threat.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"enclosure of scholarly infrastructures","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Everything we have gained by opening content and data will be under threat if we allow the enclosure of scholarly infrastructures.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-0836/c2","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/0a8b408ae03c4f0f","nativeRecordCid":"b6c4c5ed-4b31-49b0-a07f-7676ae64ab25","documentId":"osft-doc-0836","id":"c2","text":"Data about the research process deserves the same level of respect and care as data supporting research claims.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"","subject":"data about the research process","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"We believe that data about the research process itself deserves exactly the same level of respect and care.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-0836/c3","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/8ce8f15e9e0945b3","nativeRecordCid":"6b0bed57-ac98-4f3a-8ab1-4777ee4b30c9","documentId":"osft-doc-0836","id":"c3","text":"The scholarly community does not own or control most of the information generated about the research process.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"information about the research process","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The scholarly community does not own or control most of this information.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-0836/c4","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/91ad51c9f1284e0e","nativeRecordCid":"29289a62-8734-4ced-9ffb-364913ee48c6","documentId":"osft-doc-0836","id":"c4","text":"The metadata generated in scholarly online discussions is increasingly held by private enterprises.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"metadata from scholarly online discussions","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Similarly, today the metadata generated in scholarly online discussions are increasingly held by private enterprises.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-0836/c5","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/de71c573a9a04790","nativeRecordCid":"9530d6d9-3f46-4e46-be47-d2da7f5e9f2a","documentId":"osft-doc-0836","id":"c5","text":"Private enterprises holding this metadata do not answer to any community board.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"private enterprises holding scholarly metadata","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"They do not answer to any community board.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-0836/c6","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/745f6fc472144e96","nativeRecordCid":"0a74cbc1-7acb-4fec-aa88-8646708c05a2","documentId":"osft-doc-0836","id":"c6","text":"Private enterprises holding this metadata have no obligation to continue providing services at their current rates, particularly when that rate is zero.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"private enterprises holding scholarly metadata","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"They have no obligations to continue to provide services at their current rates, particularly when that rate is zero.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-0836/c7","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/dd3dd1275b9e4326","nativeRecordCid":"c7e7cd23-d73b-408c-8d24-9b3fc40a6438","documentId":"osft-doc-0836","id":"c7","text":"Private enterprise has the strength of innovation.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"private enterprise","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"We do not contest the strengths of private enterprise: innovation and customer focus.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-0836/c8","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/b5f126bc7e5d46da","nativeRecordCid":"bbfe000f-e0ea-4831-93ba-7105c387f4bf","documentId":"osft-doc-0836","id":"c8","text":"Private enterprise has the strength of customer focus.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"private enterprise","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"We do not contest the strengths of private enterprise: innovation and customer focus.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-0836/c9","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/793a3733bcad4ffc","nativeRecordCid":"139c74bb-6dab-4af3-afb1-4c19efe716c1","documentId":"osft-doc-0836","id":"c9","text":"There is a lot of exciting innovation in the scholarly infrastructure space, much of it coming from private, for-profit interests or public-private partnerships.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"innovation in scholarly infrastructure space","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"There is a lot of exciting innovation in this space, much it coming from private, for profit interests, or public-private partnerships.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-0836/c10","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/faf2a7cc80374206","nativeRecordCid":"5c6a2e23-d31d-4b88-bded-918afbc6e527","documentId":"osft-doc-0836","id":"c10","text":"Publicly funded projects are under substantial pressure to show revenue opportunities.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"publicly funded projects","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Even publicly funded projects are under substantial pressures to show revenue opportunities.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0836/c11","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/0fa02821d3d04da0","nativeRecordCid":"8f8781ea-88ac-4183-86fa-a49fdb1cbeaf","documentId":"osft-doc-0836","id":"c11","text":"A lack of community engagement leads to a lack of community control.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"community engagement","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"We believe we risk repeating the mistakes of the past, where a lack of community engagement lead to a lack of community control, and the locking up of community resources.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-0836/c12","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/fd73872a8aaa45c5","nativeRecordCid":"c3262bd3-4026-4ac8-93d8-690e61314e4d","documentId":"osft-doc-0836","id":"c12","text":"A lack of community engagement leads to the locking up of community resources.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"community engagement","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"We believe we risk repeating the mistakes of the past, where a lack of community engagement lead to a lack of community control, and the locking up of community resources.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-0836/c13","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/70554119f86346d9","nativeRecordCid":"8c852c29-585a-4428-8f35-a7116d2983fd","documentId":"osft-doc-0836","id":"c13","text":"The underlying data generated by the actions of the research community should be a community resource.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"","subject":"data generated by the research community","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"In particular our view is that the underlying data that is generated by the actions of the research community should be a community resource – supporting informed decision making for the community as well as providing as base for private enterprise to provide value added services.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-0836/c14","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/e9840f9902c9491c","nativeRecordCid":"0febce84-f5d6-49fd-ac6f-af7ccf857c2c","documentId":"osft-doc-0836","id":"c14","text":"Infrastructure at its best is invisible.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"infrastructure","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Infrastructure at its best is invisible.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-0836/c15","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/7f45602e68cb48b2","nativeRecordCid":"5b75b35d-35b2-4139-b9f7-6b93543b7f7d","documentId":"osft-doc-0836","id":"c15","text":"Infrastructure tends to be noticed only when it fails.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"infrastructure","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"We tend to only notice it when it fails.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-0836/c16","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/3dbcdb6095be4678","nativeRecordCid":"87d070ec-276d-4251-be21-b0c7eff5ac19","documentId":"osft-doc-0836","id":"c16","text":"Successful infrastructure is stable and sustainable.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"successful infrastructure","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"If successful, it is stable and sustainable.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-0836/c17","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/66e799f313284603","nativeRecordCid":"7a0badbe-434e-4ce4-9458-f2bdd6d3899d","documentId":"osft-doc-0836","id":"c17","text":"Successful infrastructure is trusted and relied on by the broad community it serves.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"successful infrastructure","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Above all, it is trusted and relied on by the broad community it serves.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-0836/c18","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/ee6b027cb9dc426e","nativeRecordCid":"ed18189b-d201-450a-abe4-fb64582f5d21","documentId":"osft-doc-0836","id":"c18","text":"Trust must run strongly across the governance of an infrastructure.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"infrastructure organisations","subject":"infrastructure governance","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Trust must run strongly across each of the following areas: running the infrastructure (governance), funding it (sustainability), and preserving community ownership of it (insurance).","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-0836/c19","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/c1f30cc3d9544146","nativeRecordCid":"68380afb-10ef-434b-bf75-5e7837ebc972","documentId":"osft-doc-0836","id":"c19","text":"Trust must run strongly across the sustainability (funding) of an infrastructure.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"infrastructure organisations","subject":"infrastructure sustainability","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Trust must run strongly across each of the following areas: running the infrastructure (governance), funding it (sustainability), and preserving community ownership of it (insurance).","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-0836/c20","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/ac78d851e9354ce6","nativeRecordCid":"2761309a-b453-4dc9-a821-db5f936524ee","documentId":"osft-doc-0836","id":"c20","text":"Trust must run strongly across the insurance (preservation of community ownership) of an infrastructure.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"infrastructure organisations","subject":"infrastructure insurance","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Trust must run strongly across each of the following areas: running the infrastructure (governance), funding it (sustainability), and preserving community ownership of it (insurance).","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-0836/c21","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/84842447aacc4651","nativeRecordCid":"7ec32d09-6133-426d-ae46-36cb7d990c53","documentId":"osft-doc-0836","id":"c21","text":"Successful infrastructure that becomes critical to the community must not be co-opted by particular interest groups.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"infrastructure organisations","subject":"critical infrastructure","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"If an infrastructure is successful and becomes critical to the community, we need to ensure it is not co-opted by particular interest groups.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-0836/c22","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/532a5da109174038","nativeRecordCid":"e6715daa-f26e-4348-9e7a-90278a73811e","documentId":"osft-doc-0836","id":"c22","text":"Infrastructure organisations must not confuse serving themselves with serving their stakeholders.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"infrastructure organisations","subject":"infrastructure organisations","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Similarly, we need to ensure that any organisation does not confuse serving itself with serving its stakeholders.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-0836/c23","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/6bd77fd6e4284df9","nativeRecordCid":"e3d04e79-c30e-4184-b914-9cb1976c6cda","documentId":"osft-doc-0836","id":"c23","text":"Research transcends disciplines, geography, institutions and stakeholders.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"research","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Coverage across the research enterprise – it is increasingly clear that research transcends disciplines, geography, institutions and stakeholders.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-0836/c24","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/dd66ed1291824574","nativeRecordCid":"342f412e-6c39-4516-af3b-9002ea319d7d","documentId":"osft-doc-0836","id":"c24","text":"Infrastructure that supports research must have coverage across disciplines, geography, institutions and stakeholders.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"infrastructure","subject":"infrastructure coverage","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The infrastructure that supports it needs to do the same.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-0836/c25","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/6160387ea5b24d9b","nativeRecordCid":"94948188-5ea8-482c-a597-9c69d6241835","documentId":"osft-doc-0836","id":"c25","text":"A board-governed organisation drawn from the stakeholder community builds more confidence that the organisation will take decisions driven by community consensus and consideration of different interests.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"stakeholder-governed organisation","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Stakeholder Governed – a board-governed organisation drawn from the stakeholder community builds more confidence that the organisation will take decisions driven by community consensus and consideration of different interests.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-0836/c26","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/eedc4fc66e6c432c","nativeRecordCid":"81cbb56e-1c0d-45f6-828c-279655342263","documentId":"osft-doc-0836","id":"c26","text":"Any stakeholder group may express an interest in joining an infrastructure organisation's membership.","kind":"normative","modality":"may","actor":"infrastructure organisations","subject":"stakeholder group membership","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Non-discriminatory membership – we see the best option as an ‘opt-in’ approach with a principle of non-discrimination where any stakeholder group may express an interest and should be welcome.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-0836/c27","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/025f9af0c3344509","nativeRecordCid":"82ad06f5-cf94-41c4-b288-8f58acbb0f0e","documentId":"osft-doc-0836","id":"c27","text":"Any stakeholder group that expresses interest should be welcomed into membership.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"infrastructure organisations","subject":"stakeholder group membership","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Non-discriminatory membership – we see the best option as an ‘opt-in’ approach with a principle of non-discrimination where any stakeholder group may express an interest and should be welcome.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-0836/c28","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/2d15e82b928d48ea","nativeRecordCid":"0736a916-d313-423a-a493-a2b8a860d909","documentId":"osft-doc-0836","id":"c28","text":"The process of representation in day to day governance must be inclusive and reflect the demographics of the membership.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"infrastructure organisations","subject":"governance representation process","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The process of representation in day to day governance must also be inclusive with governance that reflects the demographics of the membership.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-0836/c29","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/e81ebc650fc04f9d","nativeRecordCid":"eb128154-eac6-4000-9c78-cf4ef7beb885","documentId":"osft-doc-0836","id":"c29","text":"Infrastructure governance processes and operations should be transparent, within the constraints of privacy laws, to achieve trust in the selection of governance representatives.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"infrastructure organisations","subject":"governance transparency","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Transparent operations – achieving trust in the selection of representatives to governance groups will be best achieved through transparent processes and operations in general (within the constraints of privacy laws).","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-0836/c30","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/d289ffbbda124666","nativeRecordCid":"659abf40-27ac-4866-8bf6-637f7acbc8f3","documentId":"osft-doc-0836","id":"c30","text":"The community, not infrastructure organisations, should collectively drive regulatory change affecting the infrastructure.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"the community","subject":"regulatory change","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Cannot lobby – the community, not infrastructure organizations, should collectively drive regulatory change.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-0836/c31","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/ed07951867fa4e07","nativeRecordCid":"e733d2b7-5116-4a50-93a5-8fbb510f6499","documentId":"osft-doc-0836","id":"c31","text":"An infrastructure organisation's role is to provide a base for others to work on.","kind":"definitional","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"infrastructure organisation's role","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"An infrastructure organisation’s role is to provide a base for others to work on and should depend on its community to support the creation of a legislative environment that affects it.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-0836/c32","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/4c5969479cb644fc","nativeRecordCid":"e2ae1cee-2746-4ba5-b2fe-838d7e0b2585","documentId":"osft-doc-0836","id":"c32","text":"An infrastructure organisation should depend on its community to support the creation of a legislative environment that affects it.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"infrastructure organisation","subject":"legislative environment support","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"An infrastructure organisation’s role is to provide a base for others to work on and should depend on its community to support the creation of a legislative environment that affects it.","representedInStars":true}
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{"key":"osft-doc-0836/c34","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/922e944e4a3a4ea2","nativeRecordCid":"32445eef-c583-4316-8cac-833212179aca","documentId":"osft-doc-0836","id":"c34","text":"Infrastructure organisations should publicly describe how a wind-down would happen.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"infrastructure organisations","subject":"wind-down plan","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Living will – a powerful way to create trust is to publicly describe a plan addressing the condition under which an organisation would be wound down, how this would happen, and how any ongoing assets could be archived and preserved when passed to a successor organisation.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-0836/c35","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/2615f009dee2420b","nativeRecordCid":"325455f3-9dd4-4027-81a2-e20695d70108","documentId":"osft-doc-0836","id":"c35","text":"Infrastructure organisations should publicly describe how ongoing assets could be archived and preserved when passed to a successor organisation.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"infrastructure organisations","subject":"wind-down plan","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Living will – a powerful way to create trust is to publicly describe a plan addressing the condition under which an organisation would be wound down, how this would happen, and how any ongoing assets could be archived and preserved when passed to a successor organisation.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-0836/c36","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/180ed55bdc53413c","nativeRecordCid":"74386cbc-ed53-4410-b1ee-007caf5dc2f9","documentId":"osft-doc-0836","id":"c36","text":"Any successor organisation must honour the same set of principles.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"successor organisation","subject":"successor organisation obligations","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Any such organisation would need to honour this same set of principles.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-0836/c37","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/a74f3004c0924dbf","nativeRecordCid":"8e7413e7-1b98-4107-b70d-b65577349f00","documentId":"osft-doc-0836","id":"c37","text":"Infrastructures exist for a specific purpose.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"infrastructures","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Formal incentives to fulfil mission & wind-down – infrastructures exist for a specific purpose and that purpose can be radically simplified or even rendered unnecessary by technological or social change.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-0836/c38","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/e7dbb5abc7f24264","nativeRecordCid":"a042ac2f-5a48-42ed-b719-3b59e91f54a8","documentId":"osft-doc-0836","id":"c38","text":"The purpose of an infrastructure can be radically simplified or rendered unnecessary by technological or social change.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"infrastructure purpose","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Formal incentives to fulfil mission & wind-down – infrastructures exist for a specific purpose and that purpose can be radically simplified or even rendered unnecessary by technological or social change.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-0836/c39","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/33ebe3f74ba546bd","nativeRecordCid":"84eb41ba-6cda-48ad-ab6e-8e32bf0b7703","documentId":"osft-doc-0836","id":"c39","text":"Infrastructure organisations and their staff should have direct incentives to deliver on the mission.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"infrastructure organisations and staff","subject":"mission incentives","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"If it is possible the organisation (and staff) should have direct incentives to deliver on the mission and wind down.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0836/c40","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/a6a81eded2c44798","nativeRecordCid":"833f48dc-d08b-4bb5-963b-9aa097f1d3ff","documentId":"osft-doc-0836","id":"c40","text":"Infrastructure organisations and their staff should have direct incentives to wind down.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"infrastructure organisations and staff","subject":"wind-down incentives","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"If it is possible the organisation (and staff) should have direct incentives to deliver on the mission and wind down.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-0836/c41","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/4169445ba8bd4025","nativeRecordCid":"b3d5153a-0a79-4e9e-9907-7dbc4e59e21d","documentId":"osft-doc-0836","id":"c41","text":"Financial sustainability is a key element of creating trust.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"financial sustainability","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Financial sustainability is a key element of creating trust.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-0836/c42","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/4ac3aa6bab0d495b","nativeRecordCid":"b09f97d5-ac39-490c-9bce-76f0faf1123e","documentId":"osft-doc-0836","id":"c42","text":"Trust comprises intentions.","kind":"definitional","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"trust","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"‘Trust’ often elides multiple elements: intentions, resources and checks and balances.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-0836/c43","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/63c2341d6a004f52","nativeRecordCid":"2e30f284-ca54-4edc-82d6-4e0f358448a8","documentId":"osft-doc-0836","id":"c43","text":"Trust comprises resources.","kind":"definitional","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"trust","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"‘Trust’ often elides multiple elements: intentions, resources and checks and balances.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0836/c44","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/b589cc4e59924816","nativeRecordCid":"7ea1241c-212f-4e3a-9066-c5882750ad7a","documentId":"osft-doc-0836","id":"c44","text":"Trust comprises checks and balances.","kind":"definitional","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"trust","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"‘Trust’ often elides multiple elements: intentions, resources and checks and balances.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-0836/c45","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/cdd758b238c642e0","nativeRecordCid":"2ab515a1-6592-4da3-980d-db8afb2106d5","documentId":"osft-doc-0836","id":"c45","text":"An organisation that is well-meaning and has the right expertise will still not be trusted if it does not have sustainable resources to execute its mission.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"organisational trust","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"An organisation that is both well meaning and has the right expertise will still not be trusted if it does not have sustainable resources to execute its mission.","representedInStars":true}
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{"key":"osft-doc-0836/c58","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/a078b397b9104348","nativeRecordCid":"6f7f5cf9-74a4-4a4a-90e2-a8b853ea56f7","documentId":"osft-doc-0836","id":"c58","text":"Appropriate revenue sources for infrastructure organisations may include consulting.","kind":"normative","modality":"may","actor":"infrastructure organisations","subject":"revenue sources","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Appropriate revenue sources might include value-added services, consulting, API Service Level Agreements or membership fees.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-0836/c59","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/9330511f662d47e1","nativeRecordCid":"a1d453c0-5d21-4045-aeac-f4f22e299ae5","documentId":"osft-doc-0836","id":"c59","text":"Appropriate revenue sources for infrastructure organisations may include API Service Level Agreements.","kind":"normative","modality":"may","actor":"infrastructure organisations","subject":"revenue sources","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Appropriate revenue sources might include value-added services, consulting, API Service Level Agreements or membership fees.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-0836/c60","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/8404b57a9a1b4930","nativeRecordCid":"a5166177-d772-4952-9c08-f2f45821215b","documentId":"osft-doc-0836","id":"c60","text":"Appropriate revenue sources for infrastructure organisations may include membership fees.","kind":"normative","modality":"may","actor":"infrastructure organisations","subject":"revenue sources","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Appropriate revenue sources might include value-added services, consulting, API Service Level Agreements or membership fees.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-0836/c61","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/3d81f77b04034a72","nativeRecordCid":"28b79f91-6837-43fc-aba2-6c6822ec5ef9","documentId":"osft-doc-0836","id":"c61","text":"Critical infrastructure can still be co-opted by a subset of stakeholders even with the best possible governance structures.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"critical infrastructure","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Even with the best possible governance structures, critical infrastructure can still be co-opted by a subset of stakeholders or simply drift away from the needs of the community.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-0836/c62","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/b8e3183436614ce9","nativeRecordCid":"32ed9f72-d1a8-45bb-84a7-5e5ded087741","documentId":"osft-doc-0836","id":"c62","text":"Critical infrastructure can drift away from the needs of the community even with the best possible governance structures.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"critical infrastructure","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Even with the best possible governance structures, critical infrastructure can still be co-opted by a subset of stakeholders or simply drift away from the needs of the community.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-0836/c63","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/26ffad730a6943f4","nativeRecordCid":"5e03358d-fab0-480f-aa46-3e1ed0e4528b","documentId":"osft-doc-0836","id":"c63","text":"For long-term trust, the community must believe it retains control of the infrastructure.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"the community","subject":"long-term trust","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Long term trust requires the community to believe it retains control.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-0836/c64","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/09097d14f0f74b1b","nativeRecordCid":"b788e996-0165-474d-8af1-d183f3102344","documentId":"osft-doc-0836","id":"c64","text":"Infrastructure must be forkable so that the community can take control if necessary.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"infrastructure","subject":"forkability","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"To ensure that the community can take control if necessary, the infrastructure must be ‘forkable’.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-0836/c65","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/286bdbdc2f3e457a","nativeRecordCid":"2756704c-f219-404c-a95a-6ea2f64044c9","documentId":"osft-doc-0836","id":"c65","text":"The community could replicate the entire infrastructure system if the organisation loses the support of stakeholders, despite all established checks and balances.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"community replication of infrastructure","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The community could replicate the entire system if the organisation loses the support of stakeholders, despite all established checks and balances.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-0836/c66","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/e90c3b0b787a4858","nativeRecordCid":"5aa62d1c-411c-4142-817b-5d4af0fad9c9","documentId":"osft-doc-0836","id":"c66","text":"Each crucial part of the infrastructure, including software systems and data, must be legally and technically capable of replication.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"infrastructure","subject":"replicability of infrastructure parts","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Each crucial part then must be legally and technically capable of replication, including software systems and data.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-0836/c67","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/080a06a257e54d11","nativeRecordCid":"6093c186-a283-40a6-8e50-1408597acdc3","documentId":"osft-doc-0836","id":"c67","text":"Forking carries a high cost and remains challenging in practice.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"forking","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Forking carries a high cost, and in practice this would always remain challenging.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-0836/c68","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/05a6fb394890497b","nativeRecordCid":"714a8ab1-7fa7-4565-afd3-86cdf2c9dd50","documentId":"osft-doc-0836","id":"c68","text":"The ability of the community to recreate the infrastructure creates confidence in the system.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"forkability","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"But the ability of the community to recreate the infrastructure will create confidence in the system.","representedInStars":true}
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{"key":"osft-doc-0836/c93","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/fb00d581acc0410e","nativeRecordCid":"bbfc55d8-4bcc-4aa7-8f8e-1c30581387d5","documentId":"osft-doc-0836","id":"c93","text":"Centralization can be hugely advantageous.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"centralization","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Centralization can be hugely advantageous though – a single point of failure can also mean there is a single point for repair.","representedInStars":true}
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{"key":"osft-doc-0836/c96","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/4bd3f17ef0834b4a","nativeRecordCid":"92497cb4-f200-471b-a0b8-a71acc969e96","documentId":"osft-doc-0836","id":"c96","text":"ORCID probably comes closest among existing infrastructure organisations to satisfying these principles.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"ORCID","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"ORCID probably comes the closest, which is not a surprise as our conversation and these principles had their genesis in the community concerns and discussions that led to its creation.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-0836/c97","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/4d895ff8fc584767","nativeRecordCid":"b9d1eb98-589c-4bb2-af97-fbef699da90f","documentId":"osft-doc-0836","id":"c97","text":"The ORCID principles represented the first attempt to address the issue of community trust.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"ORCID principles","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The ORCID principles represented the first attempt to address the issue of community trust which have developed in our conversations since to include additional issues.","representedInStars":true}
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{"key":"osft-doc-0836/c103","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/68163ecbb4eb47e4","nativeRecordCid":"f70101a9-86cd-4211-8bac-77c8ef198f3a","documentId":"osft-doc-0836","id":"c103","text":"Once the community can determine when a service should transition to community governance, the community must take responsibility for making that decision.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"the community","subject":"transition to community governance","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"If we can answer that question the community must take the responsibility to make that decision.","representedInStars":true}
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{"key":"osft-doc-0846/c2","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/463148f387c0410e","nativeRecordCid":"bedb88cb-368d-44d5-9dad-3431d1561fab","documentId":"osft-doc-0846","id":"c2","text":"The infrastructure that supports research needs to transcend disciplines, geography, institutions and stakeholders in the same way research does.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"infrastructure supporting research","subject":"infrastructure supporting research","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The infrastructure that supports it needs to do the same.","representedInStars":true}
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{"key":"osft-doc-0846/c83","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/5549b60383fb4226","nativeRecordCid":"2787c45a-6ecb-4865-b823-30e3ae926eec","documentId":"osft-doc-0846","id":"c83","text":"Underlying data should be made easily available via periodic data dumps.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"infrastructure organisations","subject":"underlying data availability","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Underlying data should be made easily available via periodic data dumps.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-0846/c84","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/4d4dc988a3454f30","nativeRecordCid":"72e53bc8-8727-4050-929d-990202715d7e","documentId":"osft-doc-0846","id":"c84","text":"JOSS's papers and metadata are easily accessible to all who are motivated to make use of them.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"JOSS data accessibility","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"These data are easily accessible to all motivated to make use of them.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0846/c85","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/113880eee4f54a9e","nativeRecordCid":"cbd7bf26-cfc9-45dc-8807-ae8f6f4a931f","documentId":"osft-doc-0846","id":"c85","text":"An infrastructure organisation should commit to a patent non-assertion covenant.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"infrastructure organisation","subject":"patent non-assertion covenant","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The organisation should commit to a patent non-assertion covenant.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-0846/c86","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/d70df33f3bc8410e","nativeRecordCid":"d15638d4-739e-4977-ba58-b5c007d971de","documentId":"osft-doc-0846","id":"c86","text":"An infrastructure organisation may obtain patents to protect its own operations.","kind":"normative","modality":"may","actor":"infrastructure organisation","subject":"patents for own operations","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The organisation may obtain patents to protect its own operations, but not use them to prevent the community from replicating the infrastructure.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-0846/c87","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/222cc27eeca241ae","nativeRecordCid":"74905069-fbd1-4930-a61c-da7f75acee36","documentId":"osft-doc-0846","id":"c87","text":"An infrastructure organisation must not use patents to prevent the community from replicating the infrastructure.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"infrastructure organisation","subject":"patents and community replication","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The organisation may obtain patents to protect its own operations, but not use them to prevent the community from replicating the infrastructure.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-0846/c88","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/f4e6b09045b84360","nativeRecordCid":"52dffd18-ca2e-4635-b071-99341ae7edba","documentId":"osft-doc-0846","id":"c88","text":"JOSS has no interest in patents, other than resisting the creation of patents that might prevent it from operating freely.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"JOSS's patent interest","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"JOSS has no interest in patents, other than resisting the creation of patents that might prevent us from operating freely.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0860/c1","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/2a9fe05fa5c5410f","nativeRecordCid":"f6e35f12-5e97-41ee-9562-5505b9058a4a","documentId":"osft-doc-0860","id":"c1","text":"Research transcends disciplines, geography, institutions, and stakeholders.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"research","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"research transcends disciplines, geography, institutions, and stakeholders. Organisations and the infrastructure they run need to reflect this.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-0860/c2","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/ddaa3bcfea2b483c","nativeRecordCid":"d6f43bcf-cd03-43a7-881f-68d20ec299c8","documentId":"osft-doc-0860","id":"c2","text":"Organisations and the infrastructure they run need to reflect the fact that research transcends disciplines, geography, institutions, and stakeholders.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"organisations and the infrastructure they run","subject":"organisations and infrastructure coverage","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"research transcends disciplines, geography, institutions, and stakeholders. Organisations and the infrastructure they run need to reflect this.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-0860/c3","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/97701f72622b4d5a","nativeRecordCid":"82b2e28b-a27c-467d-baa3-5f1c1975c38d","documentId":"osft-doc-0860","id":"c3","text":"A board-governed organisation drawn from the stakeholder community builds confidence that the organisation will make decisions driven by community consensus and a balance of interests.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"board-governed organisation","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"a board-governed organisation drawn from the stakeholder community builds confidence that the organisation will make decisions driven by community consensus and a balance of interests.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-0860/c4","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/c27805d298a54612","nativeRecordCid":"a922efd9-72c1-4270-86fe-37de45c48a25","documentId":"osft-doc-0860","id":"c4","text":"Participation or membership should follow an opt-in approach with principles of non-discrimination and inclusivity.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"","subject":"participation or membership approach","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"we see the best option to be an “opt-in” approach with principles of non-discrimination and inclusivity, where any relevant group may express an interest and should be welcome.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-0860/c5","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/d1350ea091c942d2","nativeRecordCid":"8fa1a01f-3897-42f1-9c40-46eb0b9391bc","documentId":"osft-doc-0860","id":"c5","text":"Any relevant group may express an interest in participation or membership.","kind":"normative","modality":"may","actor":"any relevant group","subject":"relevant groups expressing interest","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"we see the best option to be an “opt-in” approach with principles of non-discrimination and inclusivity, where any relevant group may express an interest and should be welcome.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-0860/c6","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/5154c091c1aa4ec4","nativeRecordCid":"62511eff-4b4a-4858-ae6f-d57b0a8b5458","documentId":"osft-doc-0860","id":"c6","text":"Any relevant group should be welcome to participate or become a member.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"","subject":"relevant groups being welcome","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"we see the best option to be an “opt-in” approach with principles of non-discrimination and inclusivity, where any relevant group may express an interest and should be welcome.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-0860/c7","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/ae44785e0d7b41b8","nativeRecordCid":"576e05bb-ff81-4581-97f8-c807e3c7fc10","documentId":"osft-doc-0860","id":"c7","text":"Representation in governance must reflect the character of the community or membership.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"","subject":"representation in governance","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Representation in governance must reflect the character of the community or membership.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-0860/c8","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/22198c8cc72748fe","nativeRecordCid":"21dbe8f3-db7b-4cdd-b707-d48ef073238e","documentId":"osft-doc-0860","id":"c8","text":"The processes and policies for governing the organisation and for selecting representatives to governance groups should be transparent, within the constraints of privacy laws.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"organisations","subject":"governance processes and policies transparency","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"to foster trust, the processes and policies for governing the organisation and selecting representatives to governance groups should be transparent (within the constraints of privacy laws).","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-0860/c9","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/88536add29814456","nativeRecordCid":"fbb10671-b866-45fa-9fa8-d8ac3777d669","documentId":"osft-doc-0860","id":"c9","text":"Infrastructure organisations should not lobby for regulatory change to cement their own positions or narrow self-interest.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"infrastructure organisations","subject":"infrastructure organisations lobbying","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"infrastructure organisations should not lobby for regulatory change to cement their own positions or narrow self-interest.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-0860/c10","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/8d893b1f923247e1","nativeRecordCid":"3ab4ee10-87e0-4be8-9a85-802aa2f68481","documentId":"osft-doc-0860","id":"c10","text":"An infrastructure organisation's role is to support its community.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"infrastructure organisation's role","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"an infrastructure organisation’s role is to support its community, and this can include advocating for policy changes.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0860/c11","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/d1d921018e0d4a46","nativeRecordCid":"e0d7761e-b7bf-48b4-a95a-a5ca6f40de24","documentId":"osft-doc-0860","id":"c11","text":"An infrastructure organisation's support for its community can include advocating for policy changes.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"infrastructure organisation's community support","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"an infrastructure organisation’s role is to support its community, and this can include advocating for policy changes.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-0860/c12","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/b0122050a84144d3","nativeRecordCid":"25c65e2a-9ffb-4a52-9da3-2f890223697e","documentId":"osft-doc-0860","id":"c12","text":"Organisations should establish and communicate clear commitments regarding their long-term stewardship responsibilities, including principles for responsibly transferring assets, data, resources, services, and staff to a successor or winding down the organisation or service.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"organisations","subject":"long-term stewardship commitments","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"to build trust, organisations should establish and communicate clear commitments regarding their long-term stewardship responsibilities, including the principles by which assets, data, resources, services, and staff would be responsibly transferred to a successor or the organisation or service wound down.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-0860/c13","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/a43e5f06efe74bcf","nativeRecordCid":"025ae52e-134a-4c75-b178-93e589936afd","documentId":"osft-doc-0860","id":"c13","text":"The commitments regarding long-term stewardship should address future governance, with defined criteria for acceptable successor organisations.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"organisations","subject":"stewardship commitments and future governance","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The commitments should address future governance, with defined criteria for acceptable successor organisations.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-0860/c14","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/50066a9823784675","nativeRecordCid":"d4134f25-75a8-4929-be6d-cd40fa883f80","documentId":"osft-doc-0860","id":"c14","text":"The commitments regarding long-term stewardship should include continued alignment with POSI and any legal or structural constraints.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"organisations","subject":"stewardship commitments and POSI alignment","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"This should include continued alignment with POSI and any legal or structural constraints.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-0860/c15","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/f63552b0ed4244a5","nativeRecordCid":"a962fb6e-f526-40aa-9878-f070906234c8","documentId":"osft-doc-0860","id":"c15","text":"Organisations and services should regularly review their relevance, effectiveness, and level of community support to determine whether their continued operation is necessary.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"organisations and services","subject":"regular review of purpose and community value","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"organisations and services should regularly review their relevance, effectiveness, and the level of community support to determine whether their continued operation is necessary.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-0860/c16","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/b6e615ab116e45b4","nativeRecordCid":"a1352b47-d439-45be-837a-096f976d1cb3","documentId":"osft-doc-0860","id":"c16","text":"If no longer needed, organisations and services should take responsible steps to transition or wind down operations in consultation with the community and in alignment with their living will.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"organisations and services","subject":"winding down unneeded operations","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"If no longer needed, they should take responsible steps to transition or wind down operations in consultation with the community and in alignment with their living will.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-0860/c17","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/63ec89a3473c4ca2","nativeRecordCid":"9302e7ba-d86b-48ac-addf-848219eef8c0","documentId":"osft-doc-0860","id":"c17","text":"Operating policies and procedures, detailed financials, sustainability models, fees, strategic and product roadmaps, organisational charts, and other appropriate operational information should be made openly available, within the constraints of privacy laws.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"organisations","subject":"operational information transparency","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"to enable organisational accountability and openness, the operating policies and procedures, detailed financials, sustainability models, fees, strategic and product roadmaps, organisational charts, and other appropriate operational information should be made openly available (within the constraints of privacy laws).","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-0860/c18","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/70502a12540d48c3","nativeRecordCid":"958ea21e-95dc-4b44-80cf-52a6bf026d2a","documentId":"osft-doc-0860","id":"c18","text":"Information should be available for investigation and reuse by the community.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"organisations","subject":"operational information availability for community","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Information should be available for investigation and reuse by the community.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-0860/c19","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/1cbd2bdec4054f75","nativeRecordCid":"825fad26-9069-4e48-87d9-20aa1a3aa210","documentId":"osft-doc-0860","id":"c19","text":"Operations should be supported by sustainable revenue sources, whereas time-limited funds are used only for time-limited activities.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"organisations","subject":"funding of operations","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"operations should be supported by sustainable revenue sources, whereas time-limited funds are used only for time-limited activities.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-0860/c20","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/c60af20d87344110","nativeRecordCid":"cd2dd034-da1f-42b8-b023-6694334eb197","documentId":"osft-doc-0860","id":"c20","text":"Depending on grants to fully fund ongoing and/or long-term operations makes organisations fragile.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"dependence on grants","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Depending on grants to fund ongoing and/or long-term operations fully makes organisations fragile and distracts from maintaining core infrastructure.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-0860/c21","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/e4430c13e5654dbe","nativeRecordCid":"08a5accb-acba-4d5e-a6bd-3a97ebcd3649","documentId":"osft-doc-0860","id":"c21","text":"Depending on grants to fully fund ongoing and/or long-term operations distracts organisations from maintaining core infrastructure.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"dependence on grants","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Depending on grants to fund ongoing and/or long-term operations fully makes organisations fragile and distracts from maintaining core infrastructure.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-0860/c22","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/40a03add20d34fb7","nativeRecordCid":"44f10737-edf9-4f94-ab78-7a81993b6d14","documentId":"osft-doc-0860","id":"c22","text":"Organisations and services must be able to adapt and change, not merely survive.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"organisations and services","subject":"organisational adaptability","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"it is not enough to merely survive; organisations and services have to be able to adapt and change.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-0860/c23","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/f746d77cef8848db","nativeRecordCid":"49f7ec2d-1220-4ac0-86cd-fcc3cb309fa2","documentId":"osft-doc-0860","id":"c23","text":"Organisations and services that define long-term sustainability based only on recovering costs risk becoming brittle and stagnant.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"sustainability based only on cost recovery","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Organisations and services that define long-term sustainability based only on recovering costs risk becoming brittle and stagnant.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-0860/c24","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/6f6f60802fad4613","nativeRecordCid":"1504ee75-658c-4884-b288-29304fa9cfb0","documentId":"osft-doc-0860","id":"c24","text":"Organisations and services need financial resources beyond immediate operating costs to weather economic, social and technological volatility.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"organisations and services","subject":"financial resources beyond operating costs","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"To weather economic, social and technological volatility, organisations and services need financial resources beyond immediate operating costs.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-0860/c25","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/db26f54a2ba84875","nativeRecordCid":"47505061-a792-4370-9c13-53951bcc5ce9","documentId":"osft-doc-0860","id":"c25","text":"Organisations and services should have a clear policy on maintaining financial reserves, including the purpose, minimum and maximum level, and governance of these funds.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"organisations and services","subject":"financial reserve policy","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"organisations and services should have a clear policy on maintaining financial reserves, including the purpose, minimum and maximum level, and governance of these funds.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-0860/c26","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/a171bdf1751e4bec","nativeRecordCid":"17d0b247-0410-4da3-a541-7a46e2781322","documentId":"osft-doc-0860","id":"c26","text":"The actual level of reserves should be determined and periodically reviewed by the governing body, to ensure that resources are available to support Living Will implementation, including an orderly wind-down, transition to a successor, or response to major unforeseen events.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"governing body","subject":"level of financial reserves","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The actual level of reserves should be determined and periodically reviewed by the governing body, ensuring that resources are available to support Living Will implementation, including an orderly wind-down, transition to a successor, or response to major unforeseen events.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-0860/c27","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/4ffa78e544a146f1","nativeRecordCid":"2980e217-e7ba-4258-940e-347b300ff686","documentId":"osft-doc-0860","id":"c27","text":"A financial reserve policy may specify how funds will be held.","kind":"normative","modality":"may","actor":"organisations","subject":"financial reserve policy - fund holding","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"A financial reserve policy might include how funds will be held, under what circumstances they will be used, and how much would be necessary for an adequate wind-down or transfer of assets, given the complexity of the organisation’s infrastructure.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-0860/c28","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/beae458cad06471c","nativeRecordCid":"74d44a0b-7471-4908-81d6-ba58d9f33a1e","documentId":"osft-doc-0860","id":"c28","text":"A financial reserve policy may specify under what circumstances funds will be used.","kind":"normative","modality":"may","actor":"organisations","subject":"financial reserve policy - fund use circumstances","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"A financial reserve policy might include how funds will be held, under what circumstances they will be used, and how much would be necessary for an adequate wind-down or transfer of assets, given the complexity of the organisation’s infrastructure.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-0860/c29","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/4a2b18424586499e","nativeRecordCid":"7af61340-8e80-46f5-b402-959415c34d13","documentId":"osft-doc-0860","id":"c29","text":"A financial reserve policy may specify how much would be necessary for an adequate wind-down or transfer of assets, given the complexity of the organisation's infrastructure.","kind":"normative","modality":"may","actor":"organisations","subject":"financial reserve policy - wind-down amount","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"A financial reserve policy might include how funds will be held, under what circumstances they will be used, and how much would be necessary for an adequate wind-down or transfer of assets, given the complexity of the organisation’s infrastructure.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-0860/c30","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/190b66cf1fe84b98","nativeRecordCid":"9be6efc2-7221-408a-b0d4-d5ddedd15a0e","documentId":"osft-doc-0860","id":"c30","text":"Revenue sources should be evaluated against the infrastructure's mission.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"organisations","subject":"revenue sources and mission","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"revenue sources should be evaluated against the infrastructure’s mission and not run counter to the aims of the organisation or service.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-0860/c31","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/c068ccb2b8b345d6","nativeRecordCid":"b127045e-8dcc-45a1-b22b-52b69c6d532e","documentId":"osft-doc-0860","id":"c31","text":"Revenue sources should not run counter to the aims of the organisation or service.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"organisations","subject":"revenue sources and organisational aims","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"revenue sources should be evaluated against the infrastructure’s mission and not run counter to the aims of the organisation or service.","representedInStars":true}
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{"key":"osft-doc-0860/c33","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/b9fd1a369d084a84","nativeRecordCid":"4b56ae9f-9570-4323-8abf-aef26dbe3e1a","documentId":"osft-doc-0860","id":"c33","text":"Appropriate revenue sources may include value-added services.","kind":"normative","modality":"may","actor":"organisations","subject":"appropriate revenue sources","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Appropriate revenue sources might include value-added services, consulting, API Service Level Agreements, or membership fees.","representedInStars":true}
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{"key":"osft-doc-0860/c36","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/e0a41f0ffbb24184","nativeRecordCid":"33c3a9c1-d8c2-4d64-a823-4d4073975fdb","documentId":"osft-doc-0860","id":"c36","text":"Appropriate revenue sources may include membership fees.","kind":"normative","modality":"may","actor":"organisations","subject":"appropriate revenue sources","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Appropriate revenue sources might include value-added services, consulting, API Service Level Agreements, or membership fees.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-0860/c37","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/cba90802a89247f7","nativeRecordCid":"985fbc15-19a2-4f4a-be15-1a872fa69e11","documentId":"osft-doc-0860","id":"c37","text":"Organisations that rely on volunteers and their labour should recognise this as a valuable resource for the organisation's long-term viability.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"organisations that rely on volunteers","subject":"volunteer labour as valuable resource","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"organisations that rely on volunteers and their labour should recognise this as a valuable resource for the organisation’s long-term viability, and factor it into sustainability planning and risk management.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-0860/c38","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/a2b9104a34d84226","nativeRecordCid":"db0dc1c7-2ecf-45f7-80eb-ce07d6dc5025","documentId":"osft-doc-0860","id":"c38","text":"Organisations that rely on volunteers and their labour should factor this into sustainability planning and risk management.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"organisations that rely on volunteers","subject":"volunteer labour in sustainability planning","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"organisations that rely on volunteers and their labour should recognise this as a valuable resource for the organisation’s long-term viability, and factor it into sustainability planning and risk management.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-0860/c39","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/d23943dffbe34050","nativeRecordCid":"6ae04464-d5c5-4912-81cf-70dddf312284","documentId":"osft-doc-0860","id":"c39","text":"Organisations that are heavily dependent on a limited number of individuals should take steps to reduce their dependence on these individuals, including via transition and succession planning, so that the organisation is not at risk of collapse in the event of their departure.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"organisations that are heavily dependent on a limited number of individuals","subject":"dependence on key individuals","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"organisations that are heavily dependent on a limited number of individuals should take steps to reduce their dependence on these individuals, including via transition and succession planning, so that the organisation is not at risk of collapse in the event of their departure.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-0860/c40","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/5fe35d313a4c4900","nativeRecordCid":"ee124727-4ef0-4568-85d0-0ed9ee86d2c9","documentId":"osft-doc-0860","id":"c40","text":"All software and non-physical assets required to run the infrastructure should be available under an open-source licence, excluding other software that may be involved with running the organisation.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"organisations","subject":"open-source licensing of software and assets","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"all software and non-physical assets required to run the infrastructure should be available under an open-source licence. This does not include other software that may be involved with running the organisation.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-0860/c41","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/11f30e02ead94a13","nativeRecordCid":"6ad4e1c3-8b21-43d8-95bf-7b57a4bd9ac3","documentId":"osft-doc-0860","id":"c41","text":"Infrastructure should aim to make all relevant data openly available, following best practices such as applying a CC0 waiver where appropriate, to support potential forking or replication.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"infrastructure","subject":"open data accessibility for forking/replication","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"to support potential forking or replication, infrastructure should aim to make all relevant data openly available, following best practices such as applying a CC0 waiver where appropriate.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-0860/c42","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/dbc69de02756477d","nativeRecordCid":"cd02dbb4-e28a-4c6e-8a83-650817851f65","documentId":"osft-doc-0860","id":"c42","text":"Making data openly available must be balanced with compliance with privacy, data protection, and security requirements.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"organisations","subject":"balancing openness with privacy/security compliance","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"This must be balanced with compliance with privacy, data protection, and security requirements.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-0860/c43","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/5312e382f2324f7b","nativeRecordCid":"20341606-e905-4ad6-a09d-d53c3783e1cc","documentId":"osft-doc-0860","id":"c43","text":"Organisations should have a clear policy outlining how private or sensitive data will be handled, particularly in the event of a transfer to another organisation, to ensure continuity, legal compliance, and responsible stewardship.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"organisations","subject":"policy for handling private or sensitive data","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Organisations should have a clear policy outlining how private or sensitive data will be handled—particularly in the event of a transfer to another organisation—to ensure continuity, legal compliance, and responsible stewardship.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-0860/c44","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/24af5d45c3ed4a40","nativeRecordCid":"16aaade7-ff72-4034-80ac-e4d61762e9a7","documentId":"osft-doc-0860","id":"c44","text":"Content, data, and software being \"open\" is not enough if there is no practical way to obtain them.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"","subject":"open content, data, and software obtainability","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"it is not enough that content, data, and software be “open” if there is no practical way to obtain them.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-0860/c45","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/0d5ebcd4b8b04215","nativeRecordCid":"d291d6b9-cfc3-445b-a54f-b32a8ce58997","documentId":"osft-doc-0860","id":"c45","text":"These resources should be made easily available with clear public documentation about where they are and how to access them, as well as an open licence where possible.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"organisations","subject":"availability and documentation of resources","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"These resources should be made easily available with clear public documentation about where they are and how to access them, as well as an open licence where possible.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-0860/c46","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/ab04d712a7844916","nativeRecordCid":"8ebf65d5-efe4-421e-b159-194dea459b1d","documentId":"osft-doc-0860","id":"c46","text":"Content, data, and software must be deposited with at least one trusted third-party digital archive, in line with the Living Will.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"organisations","subject":"preservation via third-party digital archive","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"In line with the Living Will, it is essential to deposit content, data, and software with at least one trusted third-party digital archive.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-0860/c47","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/08a8651a35ba4521","nativeRecordCid":"c09c6d01-6609-43f7-a7d2-b9ef04e9c3b0","documentId":"osft-doc-0860","id":"c47","text":"Infrastructure organisations should commit to a patent non-assertion policy or covenant.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"infrastructure organisations","subject":"patent non-assertion commitment","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"the organisation should commit to a patent non-assertion policy or covenant.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-0860/c48","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/5e1510c47a524c5d","nativeRecordCid":"eed73d62-ba4e-4197-9d1d-caafc88040c9","documentId":"osft-doc-0860","id":"c48","text":"An infrastructure organisation may obtain patents to protect its own operations, but not use them to prevent the community from replicating the infrastructure.","kind":"normative","modality":"may","actor":"infrastructure organisations","subject":"patents and community replication","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The organisation may obtain patents to protect its own operations, but not use them to prevent the community from replicating the infrastructure.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-0860/c49","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/2526f80405d94c28","nativeRecordCid":"f66fabad-f113-4ef6-9719-42435e2e28f7","documentId":"osft-doc-0860","id":"c49","text":"Infrastructures should adopt and support widely accepted open standards, both formal and de facto, to ensure that systems, data, and services can be replicated, migrated, or integrated with minimal disruption without the use of proprietary extensions or software.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"infrastructures","subject":"adoption of open standards","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"infrastructures should adopt and support widely accepted open standards—both formal and de facto—to ensure that systems, data, and services can be replicated, migrated, or integrated with minimal disruption without the use of proprietary extensions or software.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-0860/c50","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/729108c8094d4bf0","nativeRecordCid":"09784977-0131-49db-97da-7f8ce02827cd","documentId":"osft-doc-0860","id":"c50","text":"Where relevant, organisations should document dependencies on standards.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"organisations","subject":"documentation of standard dependencies","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Where relevant, organisations should document dependencies on standards.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-0900/c1","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/46be7f47d4074586","nativeRecordCid":"d945bb53-0634-48ad-9344-6518feba760b","documentId":"osft-doc-0900","id":"c1","text":"The climate emergency poses an existential threat.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"climate emergency","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The climate emergency poses an existential threat, demanding immediate and far-reaching actions.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-0900/c2","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/c1311b89c3f24514","nativeRecordCid":"0d39e548-beb5-45ef-b202-9d634b63fa91","documentId":"osft-doc-0900","id":"c2","text":"The climate emergency demands immediate and far-reaching action.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"","subject":"climate emergency response","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The climate emergency poses an existential threat, demanding immediate and far-reaching actions.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-0900/c3","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/9751789505154278","nativeRecordCid":"c75306a3-3a5a-45a7-8e5c-420f096a775d","documentId":"osft-doc-0900","id":"c3","text":"The planet is edging closer to several irreversible tipping points.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"planet's climate tipping points","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Our planet is edging closer to several irreversible tipping points, with dire consequences for all life.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-0900/c4","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/7cf8a65f28914159","nativeRecordCid":"1430a187-e59c-40d8-aadc-3e871437dd05","documentId":"osft-doc-0900","id":"c4","text":"Irreversible climate tipping points have dire consequences for all life.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"climate tipping points","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Our planet is edging closer to several irreversible tipping points, with dire consequences for all life.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0900/c5","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/cb8356abcf5849c1","nativeRecordCid":"d9820278-180c-4309-a030-d5cbff636eea","documentId":"osft-doc-0900","id":"c5","text":"A wide spectrum of science solutions is urgently needed.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"","subject":"science solutions","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"We need a wide spectrum of science solutions urgently and the greatest accelerator is simply to mandate open access to publicly funded articles and data.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-0900/c6","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/6f32e9307e074c0b","nativeRecordCid":"5450e4e1-aa1e-40ac-92d3-195f00fc9760","documentId":"osft-doc-0900","id":"c6","text":"Mandating open access to publicly funded articles and data is the greatest accelerator of science solutions.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"open access mandates","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"We need a wide spectrum of science solutions urgently and the greatest accelerator is simply to mandate open access to publicly funded articles and data.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-0900/c7","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/984a64ac29904fda","nativeRecordCid":"a3f17ed3-c95e-4277-9edc-e865eeefd2ed","documentId":"osft-doc-0900","id":"c7","text":"The current system restricts access to most scientific research not only to many scientists but also to virtually all practitioners, innovators, and entrepreneurs in the world.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"current research access system","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The current system restricts access to most of the scientific research not only to many scientists, but virtually all practitioners, innovators, and entrepreneurs in the world.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-0900/c8","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/0aeb1432f65d4bf9","nativeRecordCid":"b1039f52-d50f-4b7f-936e-f60a44090eee","documentId":"osft-doc-0900","id":"c8","text":"The restrictions on access to major breakthroughs in sustainability and climate sciences are even more severe.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"access restrictions in sustainability/climate science","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The restrictions to access major breakthroughs in sustainability and climate sciences are even more severe.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-0900/c9","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/cdf9a15c38244d8f","nativeRecordCid":"4a17a38c-5bcd-4945-9754-92bfbcf576a3","documentId":"osft-doc-0900","id":"c9","text":"Access to knowledge is needed to reverse and mitigate the effects of climate change.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"","subject":"knowledge access and climate change","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"No one can afford such a block to knowledge that we all need to reverse and mitigate the effects of climate change and address many other global challenges.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0900/c10","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/8faa3bbf2c414e8b","nativeRecordCid":"39be2c94-ed4e-477d-8d95-e87181ecb41e","documentId":"osft-doc-0900","id":"c10","text":"Access to knowledge is needed to address many other global challenges.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"","subject":"knowledge access and global challenges","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"No one can afford such a block to knowledge that we all need to reverse and mitigate the effects of climate change and address many other global challenges.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-0900/c11","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/e224716bf51449c4","nativeRecordCid":"1a6c6f5e-552b-4c5d-a693-437855b02093","documentId":"osft-doc-0900","id":"c11","text":"The shift toward net-zero clean economies depends on open access to scientific knowledge.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"net-zero economy shift","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The shift toward net-zero clean economies not only depends on open access to scientific knowledge, but also on political willingness to take evidence-based action.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-0900/c12","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/2edec341f8984941","nativeRecordCid":"97418171-50d8-4f0d-bef9-5608704be177","documentId":"osft-doc-0900","id":"c12","text":"The shift toward net-zero clean economies depends on political willingness to take evidence-based action.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"net-zero economy shift","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The shift toward net-zero clean economies not only depends on open access to scientific knowledge, but also on political willingness to take evidence-based action.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-0900/c13","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/8d72836d9b7a4a33","nativeRecordCid":"0a43de78-32bf-42ab-a560-82da1de34e58","documentId":"osft-doc-0900","id":"c13","text":"Governments and universities should ensure the immediate and unrestricted sharing of research findings funded by taxpayers, in order to empower innovators to deliver practical solutions.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"governments and universities","subject":"sharing of taxpayer-funded research findings","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Governments and universities hold significant responsibility in empowering innovators to deliver practical solutions by ensuring the immediate and unrestricted sharing of research findings funded by taxpayers.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-0900/c14","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/241a35a9dc6c4b6f","nativeRecordCid":"657e40b0-8cae-4d23-9075-97329e2ce934","documentId":"osft-doc-0900","id":"c14","text":"Open access mandates will significantly accelerate science-based solutions.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"open access mandates","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Open access mandates will significantly accelerate science-based solutions.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-0900/c15","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/6001f97239504b42","nativeRecordCid":"0091dc45-f4a6-4fb6-9393-0722834227f0","documentId":"osft-doc-0900","id":"c15","text":"Open access practices must become universal and apply to all research funded anywhere in the world.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"","subject":"open access practices","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Such practices must become universal and apply to all research funded anywhere in the world.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-0900/c16","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/a4a707648b8c40f3","nativeRecordCid":"8866d17a-b885-4783-ad5e-249fef333f80","documentId":"osft-doc-0900","id":"c16","text":"Science plays a pivotal role in finding sustainable solutions.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"science's role in solutions","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The climate emergency demands immediate action, and science plays a pivotal role in finding sustainable solutions.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-0900/c17","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/6e32e5ab8d0348c9","nativeRecordCid":"c3080e35-3311-4edc-b4de-deba48ac724b","documentId":"osft-doc-0900","id":"c17","text":"The public good should be prioritized.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"governments, research institutions and funders, the scientific community, and citizens","subject":"the public good","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The Open Science Charter calls on all to prioritize the public good, reinforcing trust in science by committing to the following fundamental principles and actions:","representedInStars":false}
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{"key":"osft-doc-0932/c27","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/2e68a419ee914abc","nativeRecordCid":"7a79750e-06a0-4d57-800f-f762fc7d3bbb","documentId":"osft-doc-0932","id":"c27","text":"Components of the software representing levels of granularity are assigned distinct identifiers.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"","subject":"software component identifiers","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"F1.1. Components of the software representing levels of granularity are assigned distinct identifiers.","representedInStars":false}
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{"key":"osft-doc-0932/c29","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/fe537a264f2648b3","nativeRecordCid":"f1281dc7-98c7-402b-af9a-ba61b25b01fc","documentId":"osft-doc-0932","id":"c29","text":"Software is described with rich metadata.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"","subject":"software metadata richness","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"F2. Software is described with rich metadata.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-0932/c30","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/0c81b8cca8874d50","nativeRecordCid":"82a6a47c-4263-4d88-a924-084cfaaac8fc","documentId":"osft-doc-0932","id":"c30","text":"Metadata clearly and explicitly include the identifier of the software they describe.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"","subject":"software metadata identifiers","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"F3. Metadata clearly and explicitly include the identifier of the software they describe.","representedInStars":false}
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{"key":"osft-doc-0932/c32","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/b044e93b02954b89","nativeRecordCid":"47bd5585-aca8-4f68-8a86-f9d346da5790","documentId":"osft-doc-0932","id":"c32","text":"Metadata are searchable.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"","subject":"software metadata","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"F4. Metadata are FAIR, searchable and indexable.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0932/c33","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/cf76251f1e6f4112","nativeRecordCid":"3970dc2c-01cc-49e9-99db-c549ef2a1b7c","documentId":"osft-doc-0932","id":"c33","text":"Metadata are indexable.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"","subject":"software metadata","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"F4. Metadata are FAIR, searchable and indexable.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0932/c34","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/66b85da595904b69","nativeRecordCid":"220d0e2b-3ce5-4c0e-a916-6ee92552e616","documentId":"osft-doc-0932","id":"c34","text":"Software, and its metadata, is retrievable via standardised protocols.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"","subject":"accessible software","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"A: Software, and its metadata, is retrievable via standardised protocols","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0932/c35","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/fd04a47bf2724fa2","nativeRecordCid":"8d0ea8f4-11ba-4253-8527-5984921dd9c4","documentId":"osft-doc-0932","id":"c35","text":"Software is retrievable by its identifier using a standardised communications protocol.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"","subject":"software retrieval protocol","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"A1. Software is retrievable by its identifier using a standardised communications protocol.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0932/c36","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/ff41ef72394249e6","nativeRecordCid":"b17cc76e-f68e-4f17-93d0-77af864c4e13","documentId":"osft-doc-0932","id":"c36","text":"The protocol used to retrieve software is open.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"","subject":"software access protocol","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"A1.1. The protocol is open, free, and universally implementable.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0932/c37","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/ce084a2a62894e35","nativeRecordCid":"41fd78c6-9a16-44f3-8d8b-d3e57e895354","documentId":"osft-doc-0932","id":"c37","text":"The protocol used to retrieve software is free.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"","subject":"software access protocol","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"A1.1. The protocol is open, free, and universally implementable.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0932/c38","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/13ccd7284dfd4f54","nativeRecordCid":"fffa8e4e-e3cd-4665-9864-488830c8dcf3","documentId":"osft-doc-0932","id":"c38","text":"The protocol used to retrieve software is universally implementable.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"","subject":"software access protocol","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"A1.1. The protocol is open, free, and universally implementable.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0932/c39","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/ece15f9b6e384e9c","nativeRecordCid":"4d24a2a5-d2bc-4e1d-b07e-ecf737717fbe","documentId":"osft-doc-0932","id":"c39","text":"The protocol allows for an authentication and authorization procedure, where necessary.","kind":"normative","modality":"may","actor":"","subject":"software access protocol","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"A1.2. The protocol allows for an authentication and authorization procedure, where necessary.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-0932/c40","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/335f7f02741a46c4","nativeRecordCid":"d90c281f-f399-4d0d-9099-2348633b2327","documentId":"osft-doc-0932","id":"c40","text":"Metadata are accessible, even when the software is no longer available.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"","subject":"software metadata accessibility","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"A2. Metadata are accessible, even when the software is no longer available.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0932/c41","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/7ce9172b526940a2","nativeRecordCid":"5d9cb09e-d440-4c91-877a-6b54805303b0","documentId":"osft-doc-0932","id":"c41","text":"Software interoperates with other software by exchanging data and/or metadata, and/or through interaction via application programming interfaces (APIs), described through standards.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"","subject":"interoperable software","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"I: Software interoperates with other software by exchanging data and/or metadata, and/or through interaction via application programming interfaces (APIs), described through standards","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0932/c42","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/119db992521b49e9","nativeRecordCid":"4249d595-0b01-420b-8878-61b4aaae8ee2","documentId":"osft-doc-0932","id":"c42","text":"Software reads, writes and exchanges data in a way that meets domain-relevant community standards.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"","subject":"software data exchange standards","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"I1. Software reads, writes and exchanges data in a way that meets domain-relevant community standards.","representedInStars":false}
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{"key":"osft-doc-0932/c44","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/cc04a5d50eb74b56","nativeRecordCid":"ef41316e-246f-4d5b-b4f4-a11d3ed73b8c","documentId":"osft-doc-0932","id":"c44","text":"Software is usable, meaning it can be executed.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"","subject":"usable software","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"R: Software is both usable (can be executed) and reusable (can be understood, modified, built upon, or incorporated into other software)","representedInStars":false}
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{"key":"osft-doc-0932/c48","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/0d14d138b4ea42d9","nativeRecordCid":"956aecbb-827b-4974-bf5e-adac3c7c93c2","documentId":"osft-doc-0932","id":"c48","text":"Software is associated with detailed provenance.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"","subject":"software provenance","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"R1.2. Software is associated with detailed provenance.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0932/c49","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/150f8d655b554831","nativeRecordCid":"ad3eb281-0bce-49aa-aedb-d5a64ae98a3b","documentId":"osft-doc-0932","id":"c49","text":"Software includes qualified references to other software.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"","subject":"software references to other software","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"R2. Software includes qualified references to other software.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0932/c50","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/6ac18ea3439b44e2","nativeRecordCid":"d2cc9139-35d1-4ca1-b0ce-6ed9ebc1b2da","documentId":"osft-doc-0932","id":"c50","text":"Software meets domain-relevant community standards.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"","subject":"software community standards","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"R3. Software meets domain-relevant community standards.","representedInStars":false}
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{"key":"osft-doc-0932/c52","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/25f5062556d44fea","nativeRecordCid":"585a7139-52cf-4e00-b613-4517d94937b3","documentId":"osft-doc-0932","id":"c52","text":"Research software is only now emerging as a strong focus of FAIRness.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"research software FAIRness focus","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"research software is only now emerging as a strong focus of FAIRness","representedInStars":false}
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{"key":"osft-doc-0932/c54","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/3ee2f6e0d85d49ad","nativeRecordCid":"c7855bcb-72e4-414a-95dd-93c1972159ef","documentId":"osft-doc-0932","id":"c54","text":"Unique characteristics of software and of the ecosystem in which it is developed and shared make it necessary to revise and extend the FAIR Guiding Principles to create the FAIR4RS Principles.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"","subject":"FAIR Guiding Principles revision","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"unique characteristics of software (e.g., its executability, composite nature, continuous evolution and versioning), as well as of the ecosystem in which it is developed and shared (e.g., social coding platforms, package management systems), made it necessary to revise and extend the principles to create the FAIR4RS Principles.","representedInStars":false}
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{"key":"osft-doc-0932/c56","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/b270b967c09948ff","nativeRecordCid":"5f27d01b-2dc4-4e29-ad87-c39790d11fb7","documentId":"osft-doc-0932","id":"c56","text":"Open source software should start working toward satisfying the FAIR4RS Principles when it is initially being developed.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"","subject":"open source software FAIR4RS adoption timing","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"open source software ideally should start working toward satisfying the FAIR4RS Principles when it is initially being developed since it may be used by others directly from its development environment.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0932/c57","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/4f71f4e26cbc4f91","nativeRecordCid":"fcb41bc5-fe7d-40be-a326-d68f0de561ad","documentId":"osft-doc-0932","id":"c57","text":"Community-endorsed principles catalyse shared practices.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"community-endorsed principles","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"An additional benefit of the development of community-endorsed principles is catalysing shared practices.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0932/c58","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/276691b87da24d86","nativeRecordCid":"f1dd4121-9ffb-402d-947c-629dcf58c7cf","documentId":"osft-doc-0932","id":"c58","text":"Community participation increases awareness of the challenges faced by different stakeholders.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"community participation","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Enabling community participation increases awareness of the challenges faced by different stakeholders and how the principles might address them.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0932/c59","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/9588fe3043f3408b","nativeRecordCid":"c3a6dc00-cac4-4e80-9b30-adf0ada01e99","documentId":"osft-doc-0932","id":"c59","text":"Community participation increases awareness of how the principles might address the challenges faced by different stakeholders.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"community participation","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Enabling community participation increases awareness of the challenges faced by different stakeholders and how the principles might address them.","representedInStars":false}
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{"key":"osft-doc-0932/c61","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/487f782f9bd246aa","nativeRecordCid":"58aa6498-fd0c-4af7-b326-d2617fbaeacc","documentId":"osft-doc-0932","id":"c61","text":"The FAIR4RS WG has been successful in facilitating initial adoption of its outcomes, reflecting high levels of initial impact.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"FAIR4RS Working Group adoption success","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The FAIR4RS WG has been successful in facilitating initial adoption of its outcomes, reflecting high levels of initial impact.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0932/c62","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/de756cec4bbe4a9e","nativeRecordCid":"a36b66f3-b9c9-40da-8c8b-1e3ea65ccde5","documentId":"osft-doc-0932","id":"c62","text":"Adoption and implementation of the FAIR4RS Principles will create increased clarity for funders around their own requirements for software investments.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"FAIR4RS Principles adoption outcomes for funders","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Adoption and implementation of the FAIR4RS Principles will create significant outcomes for many stakeholders, ranging from increased clarity for funders around their own requirements for software investments to guidelines for publishers and research institutions on sharing requirements.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0932/c63","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/453464661b974c1b","nativeRecordCid":"5a257f8d-b678-46d7-9fd9-5ed2e1abcfd1","documentId":"osft-doc-0932","id":"c63","text":"Adoption and implementation of the FAIR4RS Principles will create guidelines for publishers and research institutions on sharing requirements.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"FAIR4RS Principles adoption outcomes for publishers","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Adoption and implementation of the FAIR4RS Principles will create significant outcomes for many stakeholders, ranging from increased clarity for funders around their own requirements for software investments to guidelines for publishers and research institutions on sharing requirements.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0932/c64","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/15529db163e94b47","nativeRecordCid":"84ea2ae4-a740-4664-a703-ceaf057478e1","documentId":"osft-doc-0932","id":"c64","text":"The FAIR4RS Principles are relevant to the larger ecosystem and the stakeholders that support research software.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"FAIR4RS Principles ecosystem relevance","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The FAIR4RS Principles are also relevant to the larger ecosystem and the stakeholders that support research software (e.g., repositories and registries).","representedInStars":false}
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{"key":"osft-doc-0963/c15","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/1743ff87778341bd","nativeRecordCid":"8a40580c-685e-470b-906a-597ba2324552","documentId":"osft-doc-0963","id":"c15","text":"Data should no longer be archived in the supplementary information of a manuscript.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"scholarly publishers","subject":"archiving data in supplementary information","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Scholarly publishers: to adopt common policy that data are no longer archived in the supplementary information of a manuscript, that all data are to be deposited, documented, and preserved in a FAIR-aligned repository,\n8\nand cited in the manuscript with an appropriate data availability statement.","representedInStars":false}
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{"key":"osft-doc-0963/c22","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/c6c2c313e65d4f74","nativeRecordCid":"c39bdef5-65a3-4629-9689-97124639c6dd","documentId":"osft-doc-0963","id":"c22","text":"Editors and reviewers need resources to consistently guide authors and reviewers through new data-citation expectations.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"","subject":"editors and reviewers","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Understanding that editors and reviewers need resources to consistently guide authors and reviewers, we have prepared the information and guidelines below.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0963/c23","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/ea3907b085974dc4","nativeRecordCid":"6e688797-5b8f-4314-9bd0-bc0cca096c94","documentId":"osft-doc-0963","id":"c23","text":"Publishers who have signed the Commitment Statement must ensure their author guidelines include the text developed by the Enabling FAIR Data project.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"publishers who have signed the Commitment Statement","subject":"author guidelines of signatory publishers","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Each publisher who has signed the Commitment Statement\n10\nwill ensure that their author guidelines include the text developed by the Enabling FAIR Data project.","representedInStars":false}
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{"key":"osft-doc-0963/c27","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/e4268528894b43d8","nativeRecordCid":"537caeb8-99b5-4e43-9c00-39036ef15911","documentId":"osft-doc-0963","id":"c27","text":"Authors must cite and link to the data in the article, following the Joint Declaration of Data Citation Principles and ESIP Guidelines, using the unique, resolvable, and persistent identifiers provided by the repository in which the data are archived.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"authors","subject":"citation and linking of data","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Cite and link to the data in the article, following the\nJoint Declaration of Data Citation Principles\n14\nand\nESIP Guidelines\n,\n15\nusing the unique, resolvable, and persistent identifiers provided by the repository in which the data are archived.","representedInStars":true}
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{"key":"osft-doc-0963/c30","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/042be8a981734995","nativeRecordCid":"d0bbced6-87ff-4404-a362-4409175cc9d7","documentId":"osft-doc-0963","id":"c30","text":"Access to some data may need to be restricted because of fragile environments, endangered species, geopolitical tensions, or cultural sensitivities.","kind":"normative","modality":"may","actor":"","subject":"restriction of data access","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"There may be a need to restrict some access to data because of fragile environments, endangered species, geopolitical tensions, or cultural sensitivities (e.g., indigenous land rights).","representedInStars":false}
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{"key":"osft-doc-0963/c32","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/4488cb4dace0407b","nativeRecordCid":"af14dc38-3184-44e8-9565-5e330b6632b7","documentId":"osft-doc-0963","id":"c32","text":"Many researchers do not yet have a relationship with a repository that can provide support services.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"researchers and repositories","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Many researchers do not yet have a relationship with a repository that can provide support services.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0963/c33","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/ae953410d42646b2","nativeRecordCid":"5909e639-100d-40f2-8a9c-7c897f5581f6","documentId":"osft-doc-0963","id":"c33","text":"Repositories cataloged in re3data.org have different criteria for the types of data they accept and which researchers are eligible to deposit.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"re3data.org repositories","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"There are over 2000 repositories internationally cataloged in\nre3data.org\n18\nwith different criteria for the types of data they accept, and which researchers are eligible to deposit.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0963/c34","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/05fa1dc15c9f4da2","nativeRecordCid":"74ae1b8a-523d-4806-b719-16ff1d7586ff","documentId":"osft-doc-0963","id":"c34","text":"Repositories that provide support to researchers in documenting their data, and that meet the criteria defined in the Commitment Statement, should be preferred.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"","subject":"preferred repositories","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Repositories that provide support to researchers helping them to document their data to make it more understandable by others are preferred along with those meeting the criteria defined in the\nCommitment Statement\n.\n19\n","representedInStars":false}
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{"key":"osft-doc-0963/c36","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/4c821386ccb445b9","nativeRecordCid":"a0acbcce-dea1-4bd7-a50c-7e0cb4c60c2c","documentId":"osft-doc-0963","id":"c36","text":"Repository Finder lists repositories that are open to researchers.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"Repository Finder listings","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"It lists repositories that are open to researchers and support globally registered persistent identifiers.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0963/c37","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/cae7bd5affd84ae9","nativeRecordCid":"53f14af2-19a3-4870-9651-e3628cf0d763","documentId":"osft-doc-0963","id":"c37","text":"Repository Finder lists repositories that support globally registered persistent identifiers.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"Repository Finder listings","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"It lists repositories that are open to researchers and support globally registered persistent identifiers.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0963/c38","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/534a268975794a07","nativeRecordCid":"d271d9fa-154d-41f3-be64-69cb520594b4","documentId":"osft-doc-0963","id":"c38","text":"A seal logo in Repository Finder indicates a third-party certification of capabilities.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"seal logo in Repository Finder","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Additionally, a seal logo indicates a third-party certification of capabilities.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0963/c39","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/7b586380391442d1","nativeRecordCid":"34218203-6b2a-4ad3-b76d-3df8618e0114","documentId":"osft-doc-0963","id":"c39","text":"CoreTrustSeal is one of the third-party certifications shown in Repository Finder.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"CoreTrustSeal","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"CoreTrustSeal is one of these certifications and is expected to be increasingly adopted within the Earth, space, and environmental science repository community over the next few years.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0963/c40","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/1ba2d550ceb64bcf","nativeRecordCid":"73b2db80-70f0-4d20-9f1e-33926b0e95fd","documentId":"osft-doc-0963","id":"c40","text":"CoreTrustSeal is expected to be increasingly adopted within the Earth, space, and environmental science repository community over the next few years.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"CoreTrustSeal adoption","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"CoreTrustSeal is one of these certifications and is expected to be increasingly adopted within the Earth, space, and environmental science repository community over the next few years.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0963/c41","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/b400d46b38a84653","nativeRecordCid":"681bd2b7-45b9-4cd3-8e64-fa47b0b10dd5","documentId":"osft-doc-0963","id":"c41","text":"CoreTrustSeal certification is not required for a repository to be considered FAIR-aligned.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"CoreTrustSeal certification requirement","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Having a CoreTrustSeal certification is not required to be FAIR-aligned but does indicate that the repository meets the majority of the Enabling Fair Data project repository criteria and more.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0963/c42","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/e86203e3e3354c75","nativeRecordCid":"24c886d8-0543-41b6-ac0d-f009831f18e7","documentId":"osft-doc-0963","id":"c42","text":"CoreTrustSeal certification indicates that a repository meets the majority of the Enabling FAIR Data project's repository criteria and more.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"CoreTrustSeal certification meaning","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Having a CoreTrustSeal certification is not required to be FAIR-aligned but does indicate that the repository meets the majority of the Enabling Fair Data project repository criteria and more.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-0963/c43","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/48dd4673f4d54918","nativeRecordCid":"1b8aac21-8022-4d1b-bbc8-0bc65159fe17","documentId":"osft-doc-0963","id":"c43","text":"IUPAC is undertaking new efforts to become a GO FAIR Implementation Network in the chemistry domain.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"IUPAC efforts in chemistry domain","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Good work is being done in domains such as chemistry with new efforts by the International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry (\nIUPAC\n)\n22\nto become a\nGO FAIR\n23\nImplementation Network, and the health domain with FAIR standards as part of the criteria for the new\nNational Institute of Health Data Commons\n,\n24\nencouraging sharing of research data.","representedInStars":false}
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{"key":"osft-doc-0963/c52","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/729788a9e9b948fa","nativeRecordCid":"01a0f412-52b4-47a8-9dc6-c756ad09920c","documentId":"osft-doc-0963","id":"c52","text":"Culture change is needed for embracing open and FAIR data.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"","subject":"culture change for open/FAIR data","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"During the most recent multi-stakeholder workshop for the Enabling FAIR Data project in September 2018, participants used an experimental process, “assumptions wrangling,” to work towards defining concrete actions to reduce barriers to the culture change needed for embracing open and FAIR data.","representedInStars":false}
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{"key":"osft-doc-0963/c57","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/b94d87c3100a40fb","nativeRecordCid":"67ae9164-82a4-428d-894f-76c1e64c8890","documentId":"osft-doc-0963","id":"c57","text":"The assumptions wrangling process comprises the step of Personal and Ecosystem Implications.","kind":"definitional","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"assumptions wrangling process","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The assumptions wrangling process builds on the work by Douglas McGregor, and advanced by Ed Schein, and involves four steps:\nStep 1: From/To Assumptions\nStep 2: Driving/Restraining Forces\nStep 3: Indicators\nStep 4: Personal and Ecosystem Implications","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0963/c58","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/85ccf653ca744f45","nativeRecordCid":"453a8383-a02b-4747-9e4b-864a3bda7589","documentId":"osft-doc-0963","id":"c58","text":"Partly problematic assumptions embedded in the culture of science are also partly functional.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"partly problematic assumptions","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Note that the “partly problematic” assumptions are also partly functional.","representedInStars":false}
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{"key":"osft-doc-0963/c61","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/4305c0c92d754950","nativeRecordCid":"efe49e9c-b393-4897-9826-24d664f7713e","documentId":"osft-doc-0963","id":"c61","text":"There are restraining forces that serve the interests of some or all stakeholders.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"restraining forces","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"In this workshop, small groups brainstormed lists of driving and restraining forces associated with selected From/To pairs, recognizing that there are restraining forces that serve the interests of some or all stakeholders.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0963/c62","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/4d5056199e154407","nativeRecordCid":"3cd83b0a-9983-4aff-a777-f27f7607345c","documentId":"osft-doc-0963","id":"c62","text":"The most important indicators of culture change are advances in the Earth, space, and environmental sciences that would not have been possible without the sharing and reuse of data.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"indicators of culture change","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"However, the most important indicators are advances in the Earth, space, and environmental sciences that would not have been possible without the sharing and reuse of data.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0963/c63","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/f9be795e69254ca4","nativeRecordCid":"dbc5f57c-12f5-4e9e-be78-fd9dde675aad","documentId":"osft-doc-0963","id":"c63","text":"Taking a deep dive on assumptions produces action commitments that are further reaching than simply asking people to identify next steps.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"deep dive on assumptions","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"We developed the assumptions wrangling approach with the expectation that these action commitments would be further reaching than if we just asked people to identify next steps without taking a deep dive on assumptions, and this was indeed the case.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0963/c64","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/d8ac680d6bce482a","nativeRecordCid":"4e09a9d7-ec62-46f7-9bdc-bc2433c4b3d8","documentId":"osft-doc-0963","id":"c64","text":"Shifting deeply embedded operating assumptions is an iterative process rather than a one-time event.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"shifting operating assumptions","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Ultimately, the process of shifting deeply embedded operating assumptions will be an iterative one, rather than a one-time event.","representedInStars":false}
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{"key":"osft-doc-0963/c66","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/ec225e22525b4be2","nativeRecordCid":"129e4069-044b-4c78-beb2-b70d8ae603eb","documentId":"osft-doc-0963","id":"c66","text":"Culture change is needed in many social impact domains relevant to the Heller community.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"","subject":"culture change in social impact domains","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Adaptation to other settings is also important since there are so many social impact domains relevant to the Heller community where culture change is needed.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0963/c67","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/2e8c9010dd7a4132","nativeRecordCid":"9bdecdec-5ddd-46c4-9973-73414baeed5a","documentId":"osft-doc-0963","id":"c67","text":"Future discoveries will benefit from the stewardship of data collected today.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"future discoveries","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Discoveries made in the near and distant future will benefit from our stewardship of data collected today.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-0963/c68","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/6a8d7ffa178f4945","nativeRecordCid":"b1eed790-5ad1-49b0-a777-7dd0ce6344ed","documentId":"osft-doc-0963","id":"c68","text":"Moving the community towards better understanding of the investment in data is critical to future science.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"","subject":"understanding of data investment","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Moving our community towards better understanding of this investment in our data is critical and pivotal to future science.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0963/c69","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/9c79f83828684041","nativeRecordCid":"21c62390-dd57-4907-bd43-e1ec4a20c5f7","documentId":"osft-doc-0963","id":"c69","text":"Datasets created as part of research must stand on their own for possible use and reuse by others in the same domain or a completely different domain.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"researchers","subject":"datasets created through research","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Datasets we create as part of our research must stand on their own for possible use and reuse by others in our own domains or possible a completely different domain.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-0963/c70","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/129a244188494975","nativeRecordCid":"acd095fc-a2c5-43fe-9f28-4537abce19d1","documentId":"osft-doc-0963","id":"c70","text":"Data are easier to find and understand as a result of policy changes and work by others.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"findability and understandability of data","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"As data are easier to find and understand as a result of these policy changes and work by others, our community has an opportunity to conduct new and exciting research with higher levels of trust in good data stewardship.","representedInStars":false}
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{"key":"osft-doc-0971/c3","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/537ef882e20c44c9","nativeRecordCid":"10aae304-5faa-421b-a8c9-5fe989812d31","documentId":"osft-doc-0971","id":"c3","text":"The ORD pilot aims to improve and maximise access to and re-use of research data generated by Horizon 2020 projects.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"the ORD pilot","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The ORD pilot aims to improve and maximise \naccess to and re-use of research data generated by Horizon 2020 projects and \ntakes into account the need to balance openness and protection of scientific \ninformation, commercialisation and Intellectual Property Rights ( IPR), privacy \nconcerns, security as well as data management and preservation questions.","representedInStars":false}
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{"key":"osft-doc-0971/c5","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/37ccde348f884820","nativeRecordCid":"2eb02332-00c0-49e0-b9e6-cb94c71ff16a","documentId":"osft-doc-0971","id":"c5","text":"Open access to research data is applicable by default in Horizon 2020.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"open access to research data in Horizon 2020","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"While open access to research data thereby becomes applicable by default in \nHorizon 2020, the Commission also recognises that there are good reasons to keep \nsome or even all research data generated in a project closed.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0971/c6","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/7593461d8e224ec5","nativeRecordCid":"75782fb4-4630-494f-bd10-46fe623285db","documentId":"osft-doc-0971","id":"c6","text":"There are good reasons to keep some or even all research data generated in a project closed.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"research data generated in a project","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"While open access to research data thereby becomes applicable by default in \nHorizon 2020, the Commission also recognises that there are good reasons to keep \nsome or even all research data generated in a project closed.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0971/c7","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/75c8dda5a2564c4c","nativeRecordCid":"851ec7a9-aaec-47df-b766-a6f1537609e2","documentId":"osft-doc-0971","id":"c7","text":"The Commission provides robust opt-out possibilities from the ORD pilot at any stage: during the application phase, during the grant agreement preparation phase, and after the signature of the grant agreement.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"opt-out possibilities from the ORD pilot","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The Commission therefore provides robust opt-out possibilities at any stage, that is  \n during the application phase  \n during the grant agreement preparation (GAP) phase and  \n after the signature of the grant agreement.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0971/c8","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/a842779285e443ad","nativeRecordCid":"65af7b6b-b6a9-4815-8e7d-0894da563d5e","documentId":"osft-doc-0971","id":"c8","text":"The ORD pilot applies primarily to the data needed to validate the results presented in scientific publications.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"the ORD pilot's scope","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The ORD pilot applies primarily to the data needed to validate the results presented \nin scientific publications.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0971/c9","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/0dcd823893ec4a0e","nativeRecordCid":"731a8aa9-6c31-4dce-8527-443e7b8def77","documentId":"osft-doc-0971","id":"c9","text":"Beneficiaries may provide data other than that needed to validate publication results, on a voluntary basis, as stated in their Data Management Plans.","kind":"normative","modality":"may","actor":"Horizon 2020 beneficiaries","subject":"other research data","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Other data can also be provided by the bene ficiaries on a \nvoluntary basis, as stated in their Data Management Plans.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0971/c10","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/d4dfa2ac437f414c","nativeRecordCid":"ce6a4e9d-1af7-4e3b-8706-4d469af18551","documentId":"osft-doc-0971","id":"c10","text":"Open access to scientific peer-reviewed publications is mandatory in Horizon 2020.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"Horizon 2020 beneficiaries","subject":"open access to scientific peer-reviewed publications","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":" publications – open access is an obligation in Horizon 2020.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0971/c11","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/47e22ea7d5714a19","nativeRecordCid":"a366cfe4-2f2e-473a-841d-1b01b769e37d","documentId":"osft-doc-0971","id":"c11","text":"Participation in the ORD pilot is not part of the evaluation of research proposals.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"participation in the ORD pilot","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Participation in the ORD pilot is not part of the evaluation of proposals. I n other \nwords, proposals are not evaluated more favourably because they are part of the \npilot and are not penalised for opting out of the pilot.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0971/c12","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/db726d6e7ae34734","nativeRecordCid":"65eb5cb2-1fdc-47e6-a129-70e8bc0e3707","documentId":"osft-doc-0971","id":"c12","text":"Proposals are not evaluated more favourably because they participate in the ORD pilot.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"proposals participating in the ORD pilot","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Participation in the ORD pilot is not part of the evaluation of proposals. I n other \nwords, proposals are not evaluated more favourably because they are part of the \npilot and are not penalised for opting out of the pilot.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0971/c13","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/86502330a8044ea4","nativeRecordCid":"3a21297d-ddf2-42ec-902a-d39ba0019f97","documentId":"osft-doc-0971","id":"c13","text":"Proposals are not penalised for opting out of the ORD pilot.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"proposals opting out of the ORD pilot","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Participation in the ORD pilot is not part of the evaluation of proposals. I n other \nwords, proposals are not evaluated more favourably because they are part of the \npilot and are not penalised for opting out of the pilot.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0971/c14","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/ab4b78e7c2ab4f71","nativeRecordCid":"ac67c221-93ba-475d-b4d7-ecb96cd4b371","documentId":"osft-doc-0971","id":"c14","text":"Data Management Plans are a key element of good data management.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"Data Management Plans","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Data Management Plans (DMPs) are a key element of good data management.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0971/c15","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/05e8294197f44f58","nativeRecordCid":"e4e049e7-5013-4f7d-b4f0-fe252d9e1f92","documentId":"osft-doc-0971","id":"c15","text":"A Data Management Plan describes the data management life cycle for data to be collected, processed and/or generated by a Horizon 2020 project.","kind":"definitional","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"a Data Management Plan","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"A \nDMP describes the data management life cycle  for the data  to be collected, \nprocessed and/or generated by a Horizon 2020 project.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0971/c16","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/54a47060644942ac","nativeRecordCid":"b6b952a7-9116-421a-a2e4-d85e9439f49e","documentId":"osft-doc-0971","id":"c16","text":"A DMP should include information on the handling of research data during and after the end of the project.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"Horizon 2020 beneficiaries","subject":"DMP content","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"As part of making research \ndata findable, accessible, interoperable and re -usable (FAIR), a DMP should include \ninformation on: \n the handling of research data during and after the end of the project \n what data will be collected, processed and/or generated \n which methodology and standards will be applied \n whether data will be shared/made open access and \n how data will be curated and preserved (including after the end of the project).","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0971/c17","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/71ec4d831cb04203","nativeRecordCid":"8e792de2-952a-4a92-83d0-9125b0345f83","documentId":"osft-doc-0971","id":"c17","text":"A DMP should include information on what data will be collected, processed and/or generated.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"Horizon 2020 beneficiaries","subject":"DMP content","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"As part of making research \ndata findable, accessible, interoperable and re -usable (FAIR), a DMP should include \ninformation on: \n the handling of research data during and after the end of the project \n what data will be collected, processed and/or generated \n which methodology and standards will be applied \n whether data will be shared/made open access and \n how data will be curated and preserved (including after the end of the project).","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0971/c18","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/2f0e84588e4e4fd6","nativeRecordCid":"20e9bfa5-3a81-47a4-b7bb-3707faba599a","documentId":"osft-doc-0971","id":"c18","text":"A DMP should include information on which methodology and standards will be applied.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"Horizon 2020 beneficiaries","subject":"DMP content","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"As part of making research \ndata findable, accessible, interoperable and re -usable (FAIR), a DMP should include \ninformation on: \n the handling of research data during and after the end of the project \n what data will be collected, processed and/or generated \n which methodology and standards will be applied \n whether data will be shared/made open access and \n how data will be curated and preserved (including after the end of the project).","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0971/c19","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/759b12b55bcc4f4b","nativeRecordCid":"168b6868-1c7c-4b84-9906-0e38c4d19b72","documentId":"osft-doc-0971","id":"c19","text":"A DMP should include information on whether data will be shared or made open access.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"Horizon 2020 beneficiaries","subject":"DMP content","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"As part of making research \ndata findable, accessible, interoperable and re -usable (FAIR), a DMP should include \ninformation on: \n the handling of research data during and after the end of the project \n what data will be collected, processed and/or generated \n which methodology and standards will be applied \n whether data will be shared/made open access and \n how data will be curated and preserved (including after the end of the project).","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0971/c20","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/ae239b615ffb4e7b","nativeRecordCid":"a1738918-a4ee-4405-8be7-460d78023f75","documentId":"osft-doc-0971","id":"c20","text":"A DMP should include information on how data will be curated and preserved, including after the end of the project.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"Horizon 2020 beneficiaries","subject":"DMP content","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"As part of making research \ndata findable, accessible, interoperable and re -usable (FAIR), a DMP should include \ninformation on: \n the handling of research data during and after the end of the project \n what data will be collected, processed and/or generated \n which methodology and standards will be applied \n whether data will be shared/made open access and \n how data will be curated and preserved (including after the end of the project).","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0971/c21","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/26c19e79f78f431e","nativeRecordCid":"bc8a7d89-0f3e-4dbf-8c17-51e386daf9b8","documentId":"osft-doc-0971","id":"c21","text":"A DMP is required for all projects participating in the extended ORD pilot, unless they opt out of the ORD pilot.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"projects participating in the extended ORD pilot","subject":"a Data Management Plan","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"A DMP is required for all projects  participating in the extended ORD pilot , unless \nthey opt out of the ORD pilot.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0971/c22","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/9c313240cec34b73","nativeRecordCid":"89cf7391-6db0-4161-b198-c55ae514f8c3","documentId":"osft-doc-0971","id":"c22","text":"Projects that opt out of the ORD pilot are encouraged to submit a DMP on a voluntary basis.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"projects that opt out of the ORD pilot","subject":"submission of a DMP","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"However, projects that opt out are still encouraged to \nsubmit a DMP on a voluntary basis.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0971/c23","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/30400c0db6ae44f5","nativeRecordCid":"ce8a0b8d-f7ff-4bd3-87ea-0d59f1411dc0","documentId":"osft-doc-0971","id":"c23","text":"The proposal is not expected to contain a fully developed Data Management Plan.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"the proposal","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Since participation in the ORD pilot is not an evaluation criterion, the proposal is not \nexpected to contain a fully developed DMP.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0971/c24","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/40721258c5734a63","nativeRecordCid":"fe385299-686e-4b08-a542-540dfe0e0630","documentId":"osft-doc-0971","id":"c24","text":"Good research data management should be addressed under the impact criterion of a Horizon 2020 proposal, as relevant to the project.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"applicants","subject":"good research data management","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"However,  good research data \nmanagement as such should be addressed under the impact criterion, as relevant to \nthe project.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0971/c25","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/315d70d5e76c4802","nativeRecordCid":"ebec63b0-2038-4829-9b6a-bbf76c88d9e7","documentId":"osft-doc-0971","id":"c25","text":"Participating in the ORD pilot does not necessarily mean opening up all research data.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"participating in the ORD pilot","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":" Participating in the ORD Pilot does not necessarily mean opening up all your \nresearch data.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0971/c26","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/010dc409d2cd4109","nativeRecordCid":"b460f968-2c62-4425-a429-9f2ed3a5079b","documentId":"osft-doc-0971","id":"c26","text":"Research data should be as open as possible and as closed as necessary.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"","subject":"research data openness","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Rather, the ORD pilot follows the principle \" as open as possible, \nas closed as necessary \" and focuses on encouraging sound data management \nas an essential part of research best practice.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-0971/c27","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/90377711345241df","nativeRecordCid":"3a5e660c-7a38-4995-bb1c-92bb51d90b7a","documentId":"osft-doc-0971","id":"c27","text":"The ORD pilot focuses on encouraging sound data management.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"the ORD pilot","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Rather, the ORD pilot follows the principle \" as open as possible, \nas closed as necessary \" and focuses on encouraging sound data management \nas an essential part of research best practice.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0971/c28","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/701448b669c44db0","nativeRecordCid":"3a596764-9505-4d87-b261-6c7b18769b7e","documentId":"osft-doc-0971","id":"c28","text":"Sound data management is an essential part of research best practice.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"","subject":"sound data management","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Rather, the ORD pilot follows the principle \" as open as possible, \nas closed as necessary \" and focuses on encouraging sound data management \nas an essential part of research best practice.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0971/c29","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/253f4552ed864864","nativeRecordCid":"771327fd-655f-425e-a8e9-61d8bc2e48f5","documentId":"osft-doc-0971","id":"c29","text":"A data management policy should reflect the current state of consortium agreements on data management.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"applicants","subject":"data management policy","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Your policy should also: \n reflect the current state of consortium agreements on data management","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0971/c30","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/191c3d04e4c8447e","nativeRecordCid":"a7914d05-dcf9-41fe-82c5-66c3e2a806ad","documentId":"osft-doc-0971","id":"c30","text":"A data management policy should be consistent with exploitation and Intellectual Property Rights (IPR) requirements.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"applicants","subject":"data management policy","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":" be consistent with exploitation and  Intellectual Property Rights (IPR)  \nrequirements","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0971/c31","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/0c1643bf4bfe497d","nativeRecordCid":"cd5fb89e-55aa-41e0-b7a8-0d7b94a9a97f","documentId":"osft-doc-0971","id":"c31","text":"Applicants should ensure resource and budgetary planning for data management in their proposal.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"applicants","subject":"resource and budgetary planning for data management","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"You should also ensure resource and budgetary planning for data management and \ninclude a deliverable for an initial DMP at month 6 at the latest into your proposal.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0971/c32","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/49924118518f4a11","nativeRecordCid":"c13c02df-32b9-4c52-9cbc-38a5648e1648","documentId":"osft-doc-0971","id":"c32","text":"Applicants should include a deliverable for an initial Data Management Plan at month 6 at the latest in their proposal.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"applicants","subject":"initial DMP deliverable","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"You should also ensure resource and budgetary planning for data management and \ninclude a deliverable for an initial DMP at month 6 at the latest into your proposal.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0971/c33","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/0f7456c2510145d3","nativeRecordCid":"2b78d9c8-db9d-4a94-8015-057ba0acbed3","documentId":"osft-doc-0971","id":"c33","text":"Beneficiaries must submit a first version of their Data Management Plan as a deliverable within the first 6 months of the project, once funding has been approved and the project has started.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"beneficiaries","subject":"first version of the DMP","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Once a project has had its funding approved and has started, you must submit a \nfirst version of your DMP (as a deliverable ) within the first 6 months of the \nproject.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0971/c34","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/6ae088b027534fd1","nativeRecordCid":"336a60fd-d703-4f94-a157-516bc628457a","documentId":"osft-doc-0971","id":"c34","text":"Use of the Commission's DMP template is recommended but voluntary.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"beneficiaries","subject":"the Commission's DMP template","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The Commission provides a DMP template in annex, the use of which is \nrecommended but voluntary.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0971/c35","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/2bdb36ba92ff4da6","nativeRecordCid":"d33753f0-3e9b-4b9a-8818-300deb27fc9d","documentId":"osft-doc-0971","id":"c35","text":"The DMP needs to be updated over the course of the project whenever significant changes arise, such as new data, changes in consortium policies, or changes in consortium composition and external factors.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"beneficiaries","subject":"the DMP","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The DMP needs to be updated over the course of the project whenever significant \nchanges arise, such as (but not limited to): \n new data \n changes in consortium policies (e.g. new innovation potential, decision to file \nfor a patent) \n changes in consortium composition and external factors (e.g. new consortium \nmembers joining or old members leaving).","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0971/c36","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/5a7a2f4df6674900","nativeRecordCid":"66709d82-87cc-4113-8885-acb517b49807","documentId":"osft-doc-0971","id":"c36","text":"The DMP should be updated at a minimum in time with the periodic evaluation/assessment of the project.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"beneficiaries","subject":"the DMP","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The DMP should be updated as a minimum in time with the periodic \nevaluation/assessment of the project.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0971/c37","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/57fa11d2662b49d3","nativeRecordCid":"0f015483-46a6-4c8d-a9ce-5219b00e394b","documentId":"osft-doc-0971","id":"c37","text":"If there are no other periodic reviews foreseen within the grant agreement, the DMP update needs to be made in time for the final review at the latest.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"beneficiaries","subject":"DMP update timing","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"If there are no other periodic reviews foreseen \nwithin the grant agreement, then such an update needs to be made in time for the \nfinal review at the latest.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0971/c38","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/57aaf6a8b2ad451d","nativeRecordCid":"25e0a80d-1f21-42fe-a6e0-941466355db5","documentId":"osft-doc-0971","id":"c38","text":"The consortium can define a timetable for review in the DMP itself.","kind":"normative","modality":"may","actor":"the consortium","subject":"timetable for DMP review","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Furthermore, the consortium can define a timetable for \nreview in the DMP itself.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0971/c39","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/86ac57bbf0734e8b","nativeRecordCid":"71e50b09-ba88-446e-9711-745f7f50fb22","documentId":"osft-doc-0971","id":"c39","text":"Costs related to open access to research data in Horizon 2020 are eligible for reimbursement during the project under the conditions defined in the H2020 Grant Agreement.","kind":"normative","modality":"may","actor":"beneficiaries","subject":"costs related to open access to research data","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Costs related to open access to res earch data in Horizon 2020 are eligible for \nreimbursement during the duration of the project under the conditions defined in the \nH2020 Grant Agreement , in particular Article 6 and Article 6.2.D.3, but also other \narticles relevant for the cost category chosen.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0971/c40","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/8c1b17b8036c4234","nativeRecordCid":"3406d576-19d9-4119-8bd2-8b93b0efbdbc","documentId":"osft-doc-0971","id":"c40","text":"The Commission does not currently offer its own online tool for data management plans.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"Commission online tool for DMPs","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"While the Commission does not currently \noffer its own online tool for data management plans , beneficiaries can generate \nDMPs online, using tools that are compatible with the requirements set out in Annex \n1 (see also section 7 of Annex I).","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0971/c41","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/e2414db282184c4e","nativeRecordCid":"9ae888a7-420a-4486-bfdd-b9f86cdfe763","documentId":"osft-doc-0971","id":"c41","text":"Beneficiaries can generate DMPs online using tools that are compatible with the requirements set out in Annex 1.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"beneficiaries generating DMPs online","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"While the Commission does not currently \noffer its own online tool for data management plans , beneficiaries can generate \nDMPs online, using tools that are compatible with the requirements set out in Annex \n1 (see also section 7 of Annex I).","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0971/c42","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/d4ba31b88fc84022","nativeRecordCid":"d202dbea-f7d7-44ae-81a2-2455ff3eda9c","documentId":"osft-doc-0971","id":"c42","text":"Beneficiaries should develop a single DMP for their project to cover its overall approach.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"beneficiaries","subject":"a single DMP","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"You \nshould develop a single DMP for your project  to cover its overall approach.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0971/c43","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/0abd9511228b414d","nativeRecordCid":"778bec98-b1eb-47be-a61b-d6fe64e60d20","documentId":"osft-doc-0971","id":"c43","text":"Where there are specific issues for individual datasets, beneficiaries should clearly spell this out in the DMP.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"beneficiaries","subject":"specific issues for individual datasets","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"However, \nwhere there are specific issues for individual datasets (e.g. regarding openness), \nyou should clearly spell this out.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0971/c44","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/59aa621a41864713","nativeRecordCid":"18efc80d-87f5-4bbe-9c45-fb3cb4da2428","documentId":"osft-doc-0971","id":"c44","text":"Research data should be 'FAIR' – findable, accessible, interoperable and reusable.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"beneficiaries","subject":"research data","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"In general terms, your research data should be 'FAIR', that is findable, accessible, \ninteroperable and re -usable.","representedInStars":true}
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{"key":"osft-doc-0971/c46","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/291a830ea74445b7","nativeRecordCid":"0a0ccd04-e92c-4519-8043-075a1671e491","documentId":"osft-doc-0971","id":"c46","text":"The FAIR principles do not necessarily suggest any specific technology, standard, or implementation-solution.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"the FAIR principles","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"These principles p recede implementation choices and \ndo not necessarily suggest any specific technology, standard, or implementation -\nsolution.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-0971/c47","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/3839625317764c9b","nativeRecordCid":"4f3cfba1-5543-49c9-8a29-7947d35691bd","documentId":"osft-doc-0971","id":"c47","text":"Beneficiaries should answer the DMP template questions with a level of detail appropriate to the project.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"beneficiaries","subject":"DMP template questions","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The template is a set of questions  that you should answer with a level of detail \nappropriate to the project.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0971/c48","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/09486d52cfe84fae","nativeRecordCid":"ce22072c-8bef-4c96-bf7b-f0d7780fed2b","documentId":"osft-doc-0971","id":"c48","text":"Beneficiaries are not required to provide detailed answers to all questions in the first version of the DMP due by month 6 of the project.","kind":"normative","modality":"may","actor":"beneficiaries","subject":"first version of the DMP","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"It is not required to provide detailed answers to all the questions in the first version \nof the DMP that needs to be submitted by month 6 of the project.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0971/c49","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/3873f704d5204a79","nativeRecordCid":"34d678a2-0c85-48e7-a6e8-c996b7733c05","documentId":"osft-doc-0971","id":"c49","text":"The DMP is intended to be a living document in which information can be made available at a finer level of granularity through updates as the project progresses and when significant changes occur.","kind":"definitional","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"the DMP","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Rather, the DMP is \nintended to be a living document  in which information can be made available on a \nfiner level of granularity through updates as the implementation of the project \nprogresses and when significant changes occur.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0971/c50","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/190608cc608544d2","nativeRecordCid":"fc505429-625a-40f3-ab0e-8fa62789624e","documentId":"osft-doc-0971","id":"c50","text":"DMPs should have a clear version number.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"beneficiaries","subject":"DMPs","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Therefore, DMPs should have a clear \nversion number and include a timetable for updates.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0971/c51","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/bc9791a6f6024387","nativeRecordCid":"2f51251b-67c7-4537-b446-7847d6b7650b","documentId":"osft-doc-0971","id":"c51","text":"DMPs should include a timetable for updates.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"beneficiaries","subject":"DMPs","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Therefore, DMPs should have a clear \nversion number and include a timetable for updates.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0971/c52","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/d8e260a7d68e4844","nativeRecordCid":"9f1f0ad5-f667-4c2a-a53e-2c31c7e051e4","documentId":"osft-doc-0971","id":"c52","text":"In multi-beneficiary projects, specific beneficiaries may keep their data closed if relevant provisions are made in the consortium agreement and are in line with the reasons for opting out.","kind":"normative","modality":"may","actor":"beneficiaries in multi-beneficiary projects","subject":"keeping data closed","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Note that in multi -beneficiary projects it is also possible for specific beneficiaries to \nkeep their data closed if relevant provisions are made in the consortium agreement \nand are in line with the reasons for opting out.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0971/c53","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/4cf6c4ebd67a414c","nativeRecordCid":"4b2bbe0f-3cef-4341-b498-737b442f2de4","documentId":"osft-doc-0971","id":"c53","text":"Preference should be given to certified repositories which support open access where possible.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"beneficiaries","subject":"repository selection","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Preference should be given to certified repositories which support open \naccess where possible.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0971/c54","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/d6eb95de3a064169","nativeRecordCid":"aa4f7af9-acb4-4370-b050-e92291c2291e","documentId":"osft-doc-0971","id":"c54","text":"Research data should be made available as soon as possible.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"","subject":"research data availability","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"If an embargo is sought to give \ntime to publish or seek patents, specify why and how long this will apply, bearing in \nmind that research data should be made available as soon as possible.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-0971/c55","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/4d43c6041f9742ba","nativeRecordCid":"4eb5c2a5-38ed-4fb2-bb2b-c492db2becd2","documentId":"osft-doc-0971","id":"c55","text":"Zenodo allows researchers to deposit both publications and data, while providing tools to link them.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"Zenodo","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Some repositories like Zenodo, an OpenAIRE and CERN collaboration), allow \nresearchers to deposit both publications and data, while providing tools to link \nthem.","representedInStars":false}
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{"key":"osft-doc-0975/c2","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/f18f4e8e1a514948","nativeRecordCid":"5234770d-8948-4291-ab13-db019c9c0455","documentId":"osft-doc-0975","id":"c2","text":"Science, technology and innovation provides solutions to improve human well-being.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"science, technology and innovation","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"the vital importance of science, technology and innovation (STI) to respond to these challenges by providing solutions to improve human well-being, advance environmental sustainability and respect for the planet’s biological and cultural diversity, foster sustainable social and economic development and promote democracy and peace,","representedInStars":true}
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{"key":"osft-doc-0975/c4","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/da925744654a488a","nativeRecordCid":"cb7e3567-7f51-4d0a-b6d9-f73b09d2dc26","documentId":"osft-doc-0975","id":"c4","text":"Science, technology and innovation provides solutions to advance respect for the planet's biological and cultural diversity.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"science, technology and innovation","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"the vital importance of science, technology and innovation (STI) to respond to these challenges by providing solutions to improve human well-being, advance environmental sustainability and respect for the planet’s biological and cultural diversity, foster sustainable social and economic development and promote democracy and peace,","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0975/c5","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/8cff64712fec4977","nativeRecordCid":"1550459d-46c6-494e-8ced-80c29ac16d68","documentId":"osft-doc-0975","id":"c5","text":"Science, technology and innovation fosters sustainable social and economic development.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"science, technology and innovation","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"the vital importance of science, technology and innovation (STI) to respond to these challenges by providing solutions to improve human well-being, advance environmental sustainability and respect for the planet’s biological and cultural diversity, foster sustainable social and economic development and promote democracy and peace,","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-0975/c6","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/b8616b1d5bcc438f","nativeRecordCid":"d5e100b2-854a-4c94-9f85-4eec9f3a45b7","documentId":"osft-doc-0975","id":"c6","text":"Science, technology and innovation promotes democracy and peace.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"science, technology and innovation","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"the vital importance of science, technology and innovation (STI) to respond to these challenges by providing solutions to improve human well-being, advance environmental sustainability and respect for the planet’s biological and cultural diversity, foster sustainable social and economic development and promote democracy and peace,","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-0975/c7","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/0e746e05ecf649df","nativeRecordCid":"d92857bf-d719-40e4-8800-ea910174810a","documentId":"osft-doc-0975","id":"c7","text":"The expansion of information and communication technologies and global interconnectedness has the potential to accelerate human progress.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"expansion of ICT and interconnectedness","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"the opportunities and the potential provided by the expansion of information and communication technologies and global interconnectedness to accelerate human progress and foster knowledge societies and highlighting the importance of narrowing the STI and digital gaps existing between and within countries and regions,","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-0975/c8","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/1e0cbd7060a54e22","nativeRecordCid":"fe545794-2083-4308-b0d2-288df456b878","documentId":"osft-doc-0975","id":"c8","text":"The expansion of information and communication technologies and global interconnectedness has the potential to foster knowledge societies.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"expansion of ICT and interconnectedness","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"the opportunities and the potential provided by the expansion of information and communication technologies and global interconnectedness to accelerate human progress and foster knowledge societies and highlighting the importance of narrowing the STI and digital gaps existing between and within countries and regions,","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-0975/c9","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/27e624a7b2f141a2","nativeRecordCid":"98a33453-c1db-4760-ab82-102a33118efb","documentId":"osft-doc-0975","id":"c9","text":"Narrowing the science, technology and innovation and digital gaps existing between and within countries and regions is important.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"STI and digital gaps","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"the opportunities and the potential provided by the expansion of information and communication technologies and global interconnectedness to accelerate human progress and foster knowledge societies and highlighting the importance of narrowing the STI and digital gaps existing between and within countries and regions,","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0975/c10","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/d580eeaf242c4010","nativeRecordCid":"0db634d2-a35d-4d1e-b3fe-4f65b1ed8445","documentId":"osft-doc-0975","id":"c10","text":"Open science has the potential to reduce existing inequalities in science, technology and innovation.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"open science","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"the transformative potential of open science for reducing the existing inequalities in STI and accelerating progress towards the implementation of the 2030 Agenda and the achievement of the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) and beyond, particularly in Africa, least developed countries (LDCs), landlocked developing countries (LLDCs), and small island developing States (SIDS),","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-0975/c11","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/df3f84c62ae14b75","nativeRecordCid":"3149dd7d-8012-4edd-8567-05432174a6df","documentId":"osft-doc-0975","id":"c11","text":"Open science has the potential to accelerate progress towards the implementation of the 2030 Agenda and the achievement of the Sustainable Development Goals.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"open science","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"the transformative potential of open science for reducing the existing inequalities in STI and accelerating progress towards the implementation of the 2030 Agenda and the achievement of the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) and beyond, particularly in Africa, least developed countries (LDCs), landlocked developing countries (LLDCs), and small island developing States (SIDS),","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-0975/c12","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/ae964735eec541f3","nativeRecordCid":"5efc29da-27d8-4cac-986d-db204653d115","documentId":"osft-doc-0975","id":"c12","text":"UNESCO's global priorities of gender equality and Africa must be mainstreamed in open science policies and practices.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"","subject":"UNESCO's priorities in open science policies","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"of UNESCO’s global priorities, namely gender equality and Africa, and the need to mainstream all these aspects in open science policies and practices with a view to addressing the root causes of inequalities and providing effective solutions to that end,","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-0975/c13","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/6b71619562034b1f","nativeRecordCid":"3cfcf867-d98f-4779-baae-0abb53a27539","documentId":"osft-doc-0975","id":"c13","text":"Open, transparent, collaborative and inclusive scientific practices coupled with more accessible and verifiable scientific knowledge subject to scrutiny and critique constitute a more efficient scientific enterprise.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"open, transparent scientific practices","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"that more open, transparent, collaborative and inclusive scientific practices, coupled with more accessible and verifiable scientific knowledge subject to scrutiny and critique, is a more efficient enterprise that improves the quality, reproducibility and impact of science, and thereby the reliability of the evidence needed for robust decisionmaking and policy and increased trust in science,","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-0975/c14","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/302e536b35fa4a0e","nativeRecordCid":"5d5794b6-8ee5-4f2b-baee-7be1558eda0a","documentId":"osft-doc-0975","id":"c14","text":"Open, transparent, collaborative and inclusive scientific practices coupled with accessible and verifiable scientific knowledge improve the quality of science.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"open, transparent scientific practices","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"that more open, transparent, collaborative and inclusive scientific practices, coupled with more accessible and verifiable scientific knowledge subject to scrutiny and critique, is a more efficient enterprise that improves the quality, reproducibility and impact of science, and thereby the reliability of the evidence needed for robust decisionmaking and policy and increased trust in science,","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-0975/c15","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/9b97398af5c340fa","nativeRecordCid":"bbc96be8-cff6-4498-ba3e-18d7b566846b","documentId":"osft-doc-0975","id":"c15","text":"Open, transparent, collaborative and inclusive scientific practices coupled with accessible and verifiable scientific knowledge improve the reproducibility of science.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"open, transparent scientific practices","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"that more open, transparent, collaborative and inclusive scientific practices, coupled with more accessible and verifiable scientific knowledge subject to scrutiny and critique, is a more efficient enterprise that improves the quality, reproducibility and impact of science, and thereby the reliability of the evidence needed for robust decisionmaking and policy and increased trust in science,","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-0975/c16","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/e8e2d586e7794928","nativeRecordCid":"5f7b9c3c-8325-4907-b150-050c2e5a5e59","documentId":"osft-doc-0975","id":"c16","text":"Open, transparent, collaborative and inclusive scientific practices coupled with accessible and verifiable scientific knowledge improve the impact of science.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"open, transparent scientific practices","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"that more open, transparent, collaborative and inclusive scientific practices, coupled with more accessible and verifiable scientific knowledge subject to scrutiny and critique, is a more efficient enterprise that improves the quality, reproducibility and impact of science, and thereby the reliability of the evidence needed for robust decisionmaking and policy and increased trust in science,","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-0975/c17","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/dc33c12d691b4573","nativeRecordCid":"9f5e2ba1-1335-4423-836d-cb555fdb47b4","documentId":"osft-doc-0975","id":"c17","text":"Open, transparent, collaborative and inclusive scientific practices coupled with accessible and verifiable scientific knowledge improve the reliability of the evidence needed for robust decision-making and policy.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"open, transparent scientific practices","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"that more open, transparent, collaborative and inclusive scientific practices, coupled with more accessible and verifiable scientific knowledge subject to scrutiny and critique, is a more efficient enterprise that improves the quality, reproducibility and impact of science, and thereby the reliability of the evidence needed for robust decisionmaking and policy and increased trust in science,","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-0975/c18","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/a867dba9124b48e2","nativeRecordCid":"e903ac0c-fa5c-4709-ac4d-05d4d65dec3f","documentId":"osft-doc-0975","id":"c18","text":"Open, transparent, collaborative and inclusive scientific practices coupled with accessible and verifiable scientific knowledge increase trust in science.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"open, transparent scientific practices","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"that more open, transparent, collaborative and inclusive scientific practices, coupled with more accessible and verifiable scientific knowledge subject to scrutiny and critique, is a more efficient enterprise that improves the quality, reproducibility and impact of science, and thereby the reliability of the evidence needed for robust decisionmaking and policy and increased trust in science,","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-0975/c19","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/fcdf79b8c5d64896","nativeRecordCid":"ebe1eb07-d9dc-46c1-b7c3-a8022c846372","documentId":"osft-doc-0975","id":"c19","text":"Equitable access to scientific information must be fostered to respond to global emergencies and increase the resilience of societies.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"","subject":"response to global emergencies","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"that the global COVID-19 health crisis has proven worldwide the urgency of and need for fostering equitable access to scientific information, facilitating the sharing of scientific knowledge, data and information, enhancing scientific collaboration and science- and knowledge-based decision making to respond to global emergencies and increase the resilience of societies,","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-0975/c20","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/0829c3a93afc4292","nativeRecordCid":"a61c14d5-da2d-4c8e-aa24-85de7d172992","documentId":"osft-doc-0975","id":"c20","text":"The sharing of scientific knowledge, data and information must be facilitated to respond to global emergencies and increase the resilience of societies.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"","subject":"response to global emergencies","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"that the global COVID-19 health crisis has proven worldwide the urgency of and need for fostering equitable access to scientific information, facilitating the sharing of scientific knowledge, data and information, enhancing scientific collaboration and science- and knowledge-based decision making to respond to global emergencies and increase the resilience of societies,","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-0975/c21","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/6a1744f6b6924cb8","nativeRecordCid":"122edc7e-b766-426e-8a82-5fbdd4572659","documentId":"osft-doc-0975","id":"c21","text":"Scientific collaboration and science- and knowledge-based decision making must be enhanced to respond to global emergencies and increase the resilience of societies.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"","subject":"response to global emergencies","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"that the global COVID-19 health crisis has proven worldwide the urgency of and need for fostering equitable access to scientific information, facilitating the sharing of scientific knowledge, data and information, enhancing scientific collaboration and science- and knowledge-based decision making to respond to global emergencies and increase the resilience of societies,","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0975/c22","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/a825fab070a84d87","nativeRecordCid":"bff8a960-fad8-4a36-9332-867d1e8c30dc","documentId":"osft-doc-0975","id":"c22","text":"Scientific knowledge, data, methods and processes needed to respond to present and future global health and other crises should be openly available for all countries.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"","subject":"scientific knowledge for health crises","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"to leaving no one behind with regard to access to science and benefits from scientific progress by ensuring that the scientific knowledge, data, methods and processes needed to respond to present and future global health and other crises are openly available for all countries, in accordance with the rights and obligations, including the exceptions and flexibilities, under applicable international agreements,","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-0975/c23","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/6ed35cb20ba5440f","nativeRecordCid":"6f0ee557-039a-47e4-9e06-05e8b40b430b","documentId":"osft-doc-0975","id":"c23","text":"One of the key functions of UNESCO is to maintain, increase and diffuse knowledge by encouraging cooperation among nations in all branches of intellectual activity.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"UNESCO's constitutional function","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"that one of the key functions of UNESCO, as stipulated in Article I of its Constitution, is to maintain, increase and diffuse knowledge by encouraging cooperation among the nations in all branches of intellectual activity, including the exchange of publications, objects of artistic and scientific interest and other materials of information, and by initiating methods of international cooperation calculated to give the people of all countries access to the printed and published materials produced by any of them,","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0975/c24","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/cd8dacfd2df2409c","nativeRecordCid":"dd8f7d31-ca62-42e3-9e28-1a43688fc047","documentId":"osft-doc-0975","id":"c24","text":"Existing international legal frameworks, particularly on intellectual property rights including the rights of scientists to their scientific productions, are important.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"international legal frameworks","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"the importance of the existing international legal frameworks, in particular on intellectual property rights including the rights of scientists to their scientific productions,","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-0975/c25","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/b69a37adfc5249f6","nativeRecordCid":"f28c9ad1-8c4f-4013-bf74-a912c34c0bad","documentId":"osft-doc-0975","id":"c25","text":"The practice of open science is anchored in the values of collaboration and sharing.","kind":"definitional","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"the practice of open science","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"that the practice of open science, anchored in the values of collaboration and sharing, builds upon existing intellectual property systems and fostersan open approach that encourages the use of open licensing, adds materials to the public domain and makes use, as appropriate, of flexibilities that exist in the intellectual property systems to amplify access to knowledge by everyone for the benefits of science and society and to promote opportunities for innovation and participation in the cocreation of knowledge,","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-0975/c26","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/02124b772a8648ae","nativeRecordCid":"5d3592a9-a386-4e09-b2b4-f2954dbb75e8","documentId":"osft-doc-0975","id":"c26","text":"Open science builds upon existing intellectual property systems.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"the practice of open science","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"that the practice of open science, anchored in the values of collaboration and sharing, builds upon existing intellectual property systems and fostersan open approach that encourages the use of open licensing, adds materials to the public domain and makes use, as appropriate, of flexibilities that exist in the intellectual property systems to amplify access to knowledge by everyone for the benefits of science and society and to promote opportunities for innovation and participation in the cocreation of knowledge,","representedInStars":true}
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{"key":"osft-doc-0975/c32","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/e38ef67e7bf146f1","nativeRecordCid":"4fffe70c-2f2b-43fd-b19a-303ac2de89ff","documentId":"osft-doc-0975","id":"c32","text":"Open license schemes allow free access, re-use and distribution of work under specific conditions, provided that the creator is appropriately credited.","kind":"definitional","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"open license schemes","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"that open science practices fostering openness, transparency and inclusiveness already exist worldwide and that a growing number of scientific outputs is already in the public domain or licensed under open license schemes that allow free access, re-use and distribution of work under specific conditions, provided that the creator is appropriately credited,","representedInStars":false}
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{"key":"osft-doc-0975/c38","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/1420f9a69f3c40fa","nativeRecordCid":"cc961c67-5b76-4627-b3ce-f7712a8bb89e","documentId":"osft-doc-0975","id":"c38","text":"Greater access to scientific process and outputs can improve the effectiveness of scientific systems.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"access to scientific process and outputs","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"that greater access to scientific process and outputs can improve the effectiveness and productivity of scientific systems by reducing duplication costs in collecting, creating, transferring and reusing data and scientific material, allowing more research from the same data, and increasing the social impact of science by multiplying opportunities for local, national, regional and global participation in the research process, and opportunities for wider circulation of scientific findings,","representedInStars":true}
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{"key":"osft-doc-0975/c40","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/6fa6314d842946dd","nativeRecordCid":"5afa9583-ea1a-4e0c-9343-2bf5989053e3","documentId":"osft-doc-0975","id":"c40","text":"Greater access to scientific process and outputs reduces duplication costs in collecting, creating, transferring and reusing data and scientific material.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"access to scientific process and outputs","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"that greater access to scientific process and outputs can improve the effectiveness and productivity of scientific systems by reducing duplication costs in collecting, creating, transferring and reusing data and scientific material, allowing more research from the same data, and increasing the social impact of science by multiplying opportunities for local, national, regional and global participation in the research process, and opportunities for wider circulation of scientific findings,","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-0975/c41","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/ffc8aac5c33c459d","nativeRecordCid":"d733d20e-79e0-44ac-88b0-b664f6eb31ea","documentId":"osft-doc-0975","id":"c41","text":"Greater access to scientific process and outputs allows more research to be conducted from the same data.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"access to scientific process and outputs","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"that greater access to scientific process and outputs can improve the effectiveness and productivity of scientific systems by reducing duplication costs in collecting, creating, transferring and reusing data and scientific material, allowing more research from the same data, and increasing the social impact of science by multiplying opportunities for local, national, regional and global participation in the research process, and opportunities for wider circulation of scientific findings,","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0975/c42","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/faa8f666eb2a4e5f","nativeRecordCid":"6cf1f53c-2924-449f-b638-e3704740aa65","documentId":"osft-doc-0975","id":"c42","text":"Greater access to scientific process and outputs increases the social impact of science by multiplying opportunities for participation in the research process and wider circulation of scientific findings.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"access to scientific process and outputs","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"that greater access to scientific process and outputs can improve the effectiveness and productivity of scientific systems by reducing duplication costs in collecting, creating, transferring and reusing data and scientific material, allowing more research from the same data, and increasing the social impact of science by multiplying opportunities for local, national, regional and global participation in the research process, and opportunities for wider circulation of scientific findings,","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-0975/c43","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/982b08609ff64405","nativeRecordCid":"3687a8a4-8ce1-4c2c-8069-212fb901f3dd","documentId":"osft-doc-0975","id":"c43","text":"Collective science processes carried out by research communities using shared knowledge infrastructure to advance shared research agendas dealing with complex problems are of growing importance.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"collective science processes","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"the growing importance of collective science processes carried out by research communities using shared knowledge infrastructure to advance shared research agendas dealing with complex problems,","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-0975/c44","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/b3ae3061e9ce41ea","nativeRecordCid":"548e857e-2519-49a9-8893-6eb0fe8e16f7","documentId":"osft-doc-0975","id":"c44","text":"The collaborative and inclusive characteristics of open science allow new social actors to engage in scientific processes, including through citizen and participatory science.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"open science's collaborative and inclusive characteristics","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"that the collaborative and inclusive characteristics of open science allow new social actors to engage in scientific processes, including through citizen and participatory science, thus contributing to democratization of knowledge, fighting misinformation and disinformation, addressing existing systemic inequalities and enclosures of wealth, knowledge and power and guiding scientific work towards solving problems of social importance,","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-0975/c45","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/f6ded24e757a40ee","nativeRecordCid":"cf39d8ff-d309-4674-9c83-47e62f155b3f","documentId":"osft-doc-0975","id":"c45","text":"The engagement of new social actors in scientific processes contributes to the democratization of knowledge.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"engagement of new social actors","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"that the collaborative and inclusive characteristics of open science allow new social actors to engage in scientific processes, including through citizen and participatory science, thus contributing to democratization of knowledge, fighting misinformation and disinformation, addressing existing systemic inequalities and enclosures of wealth, knowledge and power and guiding scientific work towards solving problems of social importance,","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0975/c46","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/96636fb538514cc1","nativeRecordCid":"38335f51-1aca-48cf-955f-e85388c888aa","documentId":"osft-doc-0975","id":"c46","text":"The engagement of new social actors in scientific processes contributes to fighting misinformation and disinformation.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"engagement of new social actors","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"that the collaborative and inclusive characteristics of open science allow new social actors to engage in scientific processes, including through citizen and participatory science, thus contributing to democratization of knowledge, fighting misinformation and disinformation, addressing existing systemic inequalities and enclosures of wealth, knowledge and power and guiding scientific work towards solving problems of social importance,","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0975/c47","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/2cf748b55bfd46bc","nativeRecordCid":"b97da619-73df-4d12-ad09-3bdf9a7a267a","documentId":"osft-doc-0975","id":"c47","text":"The engagement of new social actors in scientific processes contributes to addressing existing systemic inequalities and enclosures of wealth, knowledge and power.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"engagement of new social actors","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"that the collaborative and inclusive characteristics of open science allow new social actors to engage in scientific processes, including through citizen and participatory science, thus contributing to democratization of knowledge, fighting misinformation and disinformation, addressing existing systemic inequalities and enclosures of wealth, knowledge and power and guiding scientific work towards solving problems of social importance,","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0975/c48","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/66dd142856544cbf","nativeRecordCid":"939cc7ec-2573-469d-bf2f-09f2d5a7ef73","documentId":"osft-doc-0975","id":"c48","text":"The engagement of new social actors in scientific processes contributes to guiding scientific work towards solving problems of social importance.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"engagement of new social actors","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"that the collaborative and inclusive characteristics of open science allow new social actors to engage in scientific processes, including through citizen and participatory science, thus contributing to democratization of knowledge, fighting misinformation and disinformation, addressing existing systemic inequalities and enclosures of wealth, knowledge and power and guiding scientific work towards solving problems of social importance,","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-0975/c49","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/bdf62a4e1b8c4691","nativeRecordCid":"1c59a2da-07e6-4f26-bf93-e3ae6f1f9264","documentId":"osft-doc-0975","id":"c49","text":"Open science should promote inclusion and exchange of scholarly knowledge from traditionally underrepresented or excluded groups.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"","subject":"open science","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"that open science should not only foster enhanced sharing of scientific knowledge solely among scientific communities but also promote inclusion and exchange of scholarly knowledge from traditionally underrepresented or excluded groups (such as women, minorities, indigenous scholars, scholars from less-advantaged countries and low-resource languages) and contribute to reducing inequalities in access to scientific development, infrastructures and capabilities among different countries and regions,","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-0975/c50","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/01564c2cb0824ae5","nativeRecordCid":"ac30f381-d35a-4f3c-90ce-840701f87f3d","documentId":"osft-doc-0975","id":"c50","text":"Open science should contribute to reducing inequalities in access to scientific development, infrastructures and capabilities among different countries and regions.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"","subject":"open science","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"that open science should not only foster enhanced sharing of scientific knowledge solely among scientific communities but also promote inclusion and exchange of scholarly knowledge from traditionally underrepresented or excluded groups (such as women, minorities, indigenous scholars, scholars from less-advantaged countries and low-resource languages) and contribute to reducing inequalities in access to scientific development, infrastructures and capabilities among different countries and regions,","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-0975/c51","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/12856216c5a54bcd","nativeRecordCid":"8096f53d-91c2-45cc-960a-5ae659dcf73f","documentId":"osft-doc-0975","id":"c51","text":"Open science respects the diversity of cultures and knowledge systems around the world as foundations for sustainable development.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"open science and cultural diversity","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"that open science respects the diversity of cultures and knowledge systems around the world as foundations for sustainable development, fostering open dialogue with indigenous peoples and local communities and respect for diverse knowledge holders for contemporary problem solving and emergent strategies towards transformative change,","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-0975/c52","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/c5d3a01e412f4e95","nativeRecordCid":"1e6acaa9-ecc3-4d5c-8c12-044999bfe096","documentId":"osft-doc-0975","id":"c52","text":"Open science fosters open dialogue with indigenous peoples and local communities.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"open science and cultural diversity","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"that open science respects the diversity of cultures and knowledge systems around the world as foundations for sustainable development, fostering open dialogue with indigenous peoples and local communities and respect for diverse knowledge holders for contemporary problem solving and emergent strategies towards transformative change,","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-0975/c53","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/0a0fbedb92df42a0","nativeRecordCid":"d7adc953-2439-4855-8e41-74cabb349bd8","documentId":"osft-doc-0975","id":"c53","text":"Open science fosters respect for diverse knowledge holders for contemporary problem solving and emergent strategies towards transformative change.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"open science and cultural diversity","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"that open science respects the diversity of cultures and knowledge systems around the world as foundations for sustainable development, fostering open dialogue with indigenous peoples and local communities and respect for diverse knowledge holders for contemporary problem solving and emergent strategies towards transformative change,","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-0975/c54","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/9bdf4fcf6dcc447b","nativeRecordCid":"94aecdae-5295-4e60-a488-a70bc3c987eb","documentId":"osft-doc-0975","id":"c54","text":"Member States should collaborate in bilateral, regional, multilateral and global initiatives for the advancement of open science.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"Member States","subject":"Member States' international collaboration","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Further recommends that Member States collaborate in bilateral, regional, multilateral and global initiatives for the advancement of open science;","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-0992/c1","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/c1ab0b8cbf3d4ea1","nativeRecordCid":"e075b659-da90-4a59-9ec9-cb0a8da67573","documentId":"osft-doc-0992","id":"c1","text":"The Roadmap's definition of Open Science is tailored to the Roadmap's purpose, focusing on science and research funded by federal government departments and agencies.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"the Roadmap's definition of Open Science","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"This practical definition is tailored to the\nRoadmap\n’s purpose, as it focuses on “science and research funded by federal government departments and agencies” (Office of the Chief Science Advisor 2020,\n‘Objective’\n).","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0992/c2","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/22d7e856c9624ce3","nativeRecordCid":"1063bb35-dace-4d14-8bb3-3e29a08a024a","documentId":"osft-doc-0992","id":"c2","text":"The OSDP foregrounds open access in its application of Open Science.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"the Open Science and Data Platform (OSDP)","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Like the\nRoadmap\n, the\nOSDP\nforegrounds open access in its application of Open Science.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0992/c3","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/6a900bc2436e47e0","nativeRecordCid":"5d10a562-69f1-4e8b-8a22-50d3d34729d2","documentId":"osft-doc-0992","id":"c3","text":"Unlike the Roadmap, the OSDP minimized its focus on Open Science.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"the Open Science and Data Platform (OSDP)","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"However, unlike the Roadmap,\nthe\nOSDP\nminimized its focus on Open Science,","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0992/c4","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/8d9e7e2cd032490f","nativeRecordCid":"04914146-57e5-4c05-9fd8-8be3e025ca31","documentId":"osft-doc-0992","id":"c4","text":"The OSDP's emphasis appears to be placed on the findability and readability of research related to cumulative effects.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"the Open Science and Data Platform (OSDP)","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"It appears the emphasis is placed on the findability and readability of research related to “cumulative effects,”","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0992/c5","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/fc7182a62b5a434d","nativeRecordCid":"9dc282cb-8c01-4eaa-bef8-cb61ff2ef644","documentId":"osft-doc-0992","id":"c5","text":"The OSDP defines cumulative effects as changes in environmental, social, economic, and health conditions.","kind":"definitional","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"cumulative effects","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"which the\nOSDP\ndefines\nas changes in environmental, social, economic, and health conditions (\nNatural Resources Canada and Environment and Climate Change Canada 2024\n).","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0992/c6","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/f209c572d2ab4225","nativeRecordCid":"bac75e51-6965-40bc-b521-ee67ad31429e","documentId":"osft-doc-0992","id":"c6","text":"The Federal Open Science Repository provides public, web-based access to federally authored scientific articles and publications.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"the Federal Open Science Repository","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"It provides public, web-based access to federally authored scientific articles and publications.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0992/c7","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/765a5959f7a749c1","nativeRecordCid":"1144c3a7-ca34-4ecd-9a8e-8f638a7fdc10","documentId":"osft-doc-0992","id":"c7","text":"The curating of the Federal Open Science Repository's content relies on researchers working with departmental staff, which has lagged in several departments.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"the Federal Open Science Repository","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The curating of the repository content relies on researchers working with departmental staff, which has lagged in several departments (Environment and Climate Change Canada 2023; Bamford 2024).","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0992/c8","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/ba43bc27e33d4e27","nativeRecordCid":"19dacefa-d758-4ad2-8033-1129d81496c6","documentId":"osft-doc-0992","id":"c8","text":"Transforming and enabling open science practices requires a multidimensional paradigm shift and investing successfully in people and processes, in addition to technology, not merely investing in tools or infrastructure.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"","subject":"transforming and enabling open science practices","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Transforming and enabling practices is not merely about investing in tools or infrastructure, it requires a multidimensional paradigm shift and successfully investing in people and processes, in addition to technology.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-0992/c9","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/9bdabee322f54a02","nativeRecordCid":"cbaacecc-84e8-4a81-8623-1c285f830914","documentId":"osft-doc-0992","id":"c9","text":"Many of the Departmental Open Science Action Plans go beyond the original Roadmap in their interpretation of Open Science.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"Departmental Open Science Action Plans","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Many of these Action Plans\ngo beyond the original Roadmap in terms of their interpretation of Open Science.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0992/c10","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/9b1926f9834449a9","nativeRecordCid":"61fa7d52-fb31-417d-9e92-2df3244fb28d","documentId":"osft-doc-0992","id":"c10","text":"There are still opportunities to better align research evaluation criteria with the principles and objectives of the Action Plans and the Roadmap.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"research evaluation criteria alignment","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Therefore, there are still opportunities to better align research evaluation criteria with the principles and objectives of the Action Plans and the Roadmap.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0992/c11","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/c858391b49754e38","nativeRecordCid":"e58c66fd-22eb-442b-967f-cd70c89043ba","documentId":"osft-doc-0992","id":"c11","text":"The UNESCO Recommendation on Open Science represents a significant development for Open Science on a global level.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"the UNESCO Recommendation on Open Science","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The UNESCO Recommendation represented a significant development for Open Science on a global level with repercussions for open science policies in Canada.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0992/c12","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/4187727977464ec5","nativeRecordCid":"c07b95e5-40f0-4930-9f51-556fbb8348f3","documentId":"osft-doc-0992","id":"c12","text":"The UNESCO Recommendation on Open Science has repercussions for open science policies in Canada.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"the UNESCO Recommendation on Open Science","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The UNESCO Recommendation represented a significant development for Open Science on a global level with repercussions for open science policies in Canada.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0992/c13","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/e65e487b7317477d","nativeRecordCid":"0f537234-02bc-4839-92a2-1175e287dccd","documentId":"osft-doc-0992","id":"c13","text":"UNESCO's definition of Open Science emphasizes a breadth of disciplines beyond those addressed by Canada's Roadmap.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"UNESCO's definition of Open Science","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"This definition of Open Science emphasizes a breadth of disciplines beyond those addressed by Canada’s\nRoadmap, which only included\n“fundamental and applied natural, physical, biomedical and social science, […] engineering and mathematics” (Office of the Chief Science Advisor 2020,\nAppendix, Definitions\n– ‘Science’).","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0992/c14","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/d2ba799f2e924d0d","nativeRecordCid":"5d989c92-90ca-4d68-8076-8f62c07a3623","documentId":"osft-doc-0992","id":"c14","text":"The most recent definition of Open Science on the Office of the Chief Science Advisor's government webpage is closer to the definition in the Roadmap than in the UNESCO Recommendation.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"Canada's current government definition of Open Science","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"In Canada, the most recent\ndefinition of\nOpen Science\non the Office of the Chief Science Advisor’s government webpage is closer to the definition in the Roadmap than in the UNESCO Recommendation\n.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0992/c15","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/b7296341614b4194","nativeRecordCid":"104a857f-427b-4738-9ba9-3a0abec1a761","documentId":"osft-doc-0992","id":"c15","text":"The Canadian Government has maintained a narrow definition of open science aligned to the Roadmap.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"the Canadian Government's definition of open science","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"While Canada had an active participation in the drafting of the UNESCO Recommendation, the Canadian Government has maintained a narrow definition of open science aligned to the\nRoadmap,\neven though more inclusive definitions are being adopted internationally.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0992/c16","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/3f3b6572361a4630","nativeRecordCid":"bd8e9abf-b37d-4e72-91bd-0abf5d45215e","documentId":"osft-doc-0992","id":"c16","text":"More inclusive definitions of open science are being adopted internationally.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"definitions of open science internationally","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"While Canada had an active participation in the drafting of the UNESCO Recommendation, the Canadian Government has maintained a narrow definition of open science aligned to the\nRoadmap,\neven though more inclusive definitions are being adopted internationally.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0992/c17","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/e015c10e37b14620","nativeRecordCid":"89be9a22-f057-4f27-ade4-8d91fe9c6af0","documentId":"osft-doc-0992","id":"c17","text":"The Roadmap is foundational to Canada's open science strategy.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"the Roadmap","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Because the Roadmap is foundational to Canada’s open science strategy, its narrow definition of open science has implications for related policy as well.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0992/c18","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/cfa53eabebd24dcd","nativeRecordCid":"f20bfd9a-f468-4b24-aa25-5569b00f9903","documentId":"osft-doc-0992","id":"c18","text":"The Roadmap's narrow definition of open science has implications for related policy.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"the Roadmap's definition of open science","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Because the Roadmap is foundational to Canada’s open science strategy, its narrow definition of open science has implications for related policy as well.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0992/c19","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/bbd0ed7b2dca4554","nativeRecordCid":"4c9bb076-3611-4a87-89d0-1ec86ae3e21b","documentId":"osft-doc-0992","id":"c19","text":"The draft revised Tri-Agency OA Policy on Publications aligns with the Roadmap, the G7 Science and Technology Ministers' Communiqué, and the UNESCO Recommendation on Open Science.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"the draft revised Tri-Agency OA Policy on Publications","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"For instance, the draft revised\nTri-Agency OA Policy on Publications (2025)\naligns with the Roadmap, the G7 Science and Technology Ministers’ Communiqué, and the UNESCO Recommendation on Open Science.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0992/c20","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/5e3893c4a9f84149","nativeRecordCid":"4bf985ee-3168-4854-8dee-874458d53abb","documentId":"osft-doc-0992","id":"c20","text":"The draft revised Tri-Agency OA Policy on Publications uses the term 'Open Science' without defining it, leading to some ambiguity in the policy's scope.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"the draft revised Tri-Agency OA Policy on Publications","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"It uses the term “Open Science” without defining it, leading to some ambiguity in the policy’s scope.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0992/c21","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/e02c4c22a1d64b4d","nativeRecordCid":"ba18b295-868c-4fa9-ba5e-1118037ce616","documentId":"osft-doc-0992","id":"c21","text":"The Roadmap for Open Science prioritizes open access and open data.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"the Roadmap for Open Science","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"such as the 2020\nRoadmap for Open Science\n, which prioritizes open access and open data, and broader definitions, such as the 2021","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0992/c22","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/47d1d4bda358495c","nativeRecordCid":"28ae0d82-4ff3-4c2e-825d-bdf19fa77aba","documentId":"osft-doc-0992","id":"c22","text":"The UNESCO Recommendation on Open Science emphasizes participatory and open aspects like citizen science.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"the UNESCO Recommendation on Open Science","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"such as the 2021\nUNESCO Recommendation on Open Science\n, which emphasizes participatory and open aspects like citizen science, it will be interesting to compare Canada’s implementation with that of other countries.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0992/c23","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/8fef5e48aa19407b","nativeRecordCid":"efd9a292-26d0-49b7-aea6-c71b4038479a","documentId":"osft-doc-0992","id":"c23","text":"The scope of the Canadian Roadmap is largely dictated by the science conducted in the federal landscape.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"the scope of the Canadian Roadmap","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"I would argue the scope of the Canadian Roadmap is largely dictated by the science conducted in the federal landscape, as the recommendations were developed for intramural science and not extramural.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0992/c24","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/4525fef2b1ea4097","nativeRecordCid":"e966c154-a2ef-4618-b1b4-1d5fa93e244d","documentId":"osft-doc-0992","id":"c24","text":"The Roadmap's recommendations were developed for intramural science and not extramural science.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"the Roadmap's recommendations","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"I would argue the scope of the Canadian Roadmap is largely dictated by the science conducted in the federal landscape, as the recommendations were developed for intramural science and not extramural.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0992/c25","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/25293cdf194b4d46","nativeRecordCid":"3a6f4583-9676-4ecf-8834-58b40adae46c","documentId":"osft-doc-0992","id":"c25","text":"Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Fisheries and Oceans Canada, Environment and Climate Change Canada, and Natural Resources Canada perform largely R&D or related scientific activities in the natural sciences.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"federal science departments' activities","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"For example, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Fisheries and Oceans Canada, Environment and Climate Change Canada, and Natural Resources Canada perform largely R&D or related scientific activities in the natural sciences.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0992/c26","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/bf9de612afea44f5","nativeRecordCid":"47f983d2-18e5-4231-b8ee-71ce108a12c5","documentId":"osft-doc-0992","id":"c26","text":"The prioritization of open access to publications and open data in the Roadmap is likely a legacy of former National Action Plans.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"prioritization of open access and open data","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"In addition, the prioritization of open access to publications and open data is likely a legacy of former National Action plans, which stated that","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0992/c27","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/350b208f240547a9","nativeRecordCid":"1bec815c-771f-40c2-aafe-eb35d1a1665c","documentId":"osft-doc-0992","id":"c27","text":"The output-centric approach has been perpetuated through subsequent action plans and the Roadmap.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"the output-centric approach","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"This output-centric approach has been perpetuated through the subsequent action plans and Roadmap.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0992/c28","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/be19ed0d116842b4","nativeRecordCid":"101e2ce0-a64d-420c-a513-5b9f46dce973","documentId":"osft-doc-0992","id":"c28","text":"There could be further emphasis on the transformation of processes and practices, such as citizen science, in Canada's open science policy.","kind":"normative","modality":"may","actor":"","subject":"transformation of processes and practices","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"However, there could be further emphasis on the transformation of processes and practices, such as citizen science.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0992/c29","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/fa7acd68e71f4b27","nativeRecordCid":"f10c3b9b-ad2b-497f-813b-083a66f635d0","documentId":"osft-doc-0992","id":"c29","text":"The Roadmap's approach was a strength in setting broad horizontal objectives, while largely leaving implementation to individual departments.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"the Roadmap's approach to implementation","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"This was a strength in setting broad horizontal objectives but largely leaving implementation at individual departments.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0992/c30","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/9f7f3b1d49514280","nativeRecordCid":"6e7a420b-7757-4ff1-8616-7e0837aeec92","documentId":"osft-doc-0992","id":"c30","text":"The Roadmap and subsequent Action Plans have contributed to the institutionalization and normalization of Open Science practices in Canada, as opposed to previous largely voluntary uptake.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"the Roadmap and subsequent Action Plans","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The Roadmap and subsequent Action Plans, among other initiatives, arguably have also contributed to the institutionalization and normalization of Open Science practices in Canada, as opposed to previous largely voluntary uptake.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0992/c31","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/f4bafec727f7428e","nativeRecordCid":"03abd8da-4d45-4cb8-9ece-6c409a837487","documentId":"osft-doc-0992","id":"c31","text":"The influence of the national research policy extends to institutional strategies and practices.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"influence of the national research policy","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Although it is hard to track, the influence of the national research policy extends to institutional strategies and practices, scholarly norms, and the development of further policy and infrastructure.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0992/c32","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/66c2bfcc193a4d4f","nativeRecordCid":"020dd386-5087-434c-864e-2a966ef65d9e","documentId":"osft-doc-0992","id":"c32","text":"The influence of the national research policy extends to scholarly norms.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"influence of the national research policy","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Although it is hard to track, the influence of the national research policy extends to institutional strategies and practices, scholarly norms, and the development of further policy and infrastructure.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0992/c33","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/e31141e3e81e4427","nativeRecordCid":"d6b54494-d59c-44db-bf36-919df758933f","documentId":"osft-doc-0992","id":"c33","text":"The influence of the national research policy extends to the development of further policy and infrastructure.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"influence of the national research policy","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Although it is hard to track, the influence of the national research policy extends to institutional strategies and practices, scholarly norms, and the development of further policy and infrastructure.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0992/c34","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/590964c72b9b4f06","nativeRecordCid":"c0ac65d5-6a3b-4e4f-ba5b-f0602ccd93cf","documentId":"osft-doc-0992","id":"c34","text":"There has been expansion and support for open access in the Canadian open scholarship landscape since the Roadmap's publication.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"the Canadian open scholarship landscape","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"One important change in the Canadian open scholarship landscape since the Roadmap’s publication is the expansion and support for open access, for example, through the","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-0992/c35","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/63fec07468ad4523","nativeRecordCid":"bd92e955-1f86-4e68-b628-4a3e7501844c","documentId":"osft-doc-0992","id":"c35","text":"Canada has a vibrant domestic open access landscape and infrastructure.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"Canada's domestic open access landscape","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Furthermore, a study by van Bellen & Céspedes (2025) found that almost 60% of Canadian journals are diamond OA, which indicates a vibrant domestic OA landscape and infrastructure.","representedInStars":false}
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{"key":"osft-doc-1027/c2","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/310c3d8a6dd9494e","nativeRecordCid":"2d5d4a75-c95f-40f2-80b5-aa2e7d62618c","documentId":"osft-doc-1027","id":"c2","text":"Operationalizing the FAIR Principles with the CARE Principles enhances machine actionability.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"Operationalizing FAIR with CARE","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Operationalizing the FAIR Principles for scientific data with the CARE Principles for Indigenous Data Governance enhances machine actionability and brings people and purpose to the fore to resolve Indigenous Peoples’ rights to and interests in their data across the data lifecycle.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1027/c3","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/72272d27a13a415e","nativeRecordCid":"a44c0a73-7991-4050-9865-05e58855215f","documentId":"osft-doc-1027","id":"c3","text":"Operationalizing the FAIR Principles with the CARE Principles brings people and purpose to the fore to resolve Indigenous Peoples' rights to and interests in their data across the data lifecycle.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"Operationalizing FAIR with CARE","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Operationalizing the FAIR Principles for scientific data with the CARE Principles for Indigenous Data Governance enhances machine actionability and brings people and purpose to the fore to resolve Indigenous Peoples’ rights to and interests in their data across the data lifecycle.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1027/c4","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/4099865c45d5491f","nativeRecordCid":"a9adcc0e-20f1-41d6-9ae0-120314071b2c","documentId":"osft-doc-1027","id":"c4","text":"Indigenous data are defined as data, information, and knowledge, in any format, that impact Indigenous Peoples, nations, and communities at the collective and individual levels.","kind":"definitional","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"Indigenous data","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Indigenous data are data, information, and knowledge, in any format, that impact Indigenous Peoples, nations, and communities at the collective and individual levels; data about their resources and environments, data about them as Individuals, and data about them as collectives","representedInStars":true}
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{"key":"osft-doc-1027/c6","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/0ba4f041d4d84313","nativeRecordCid":"1c8c6c09-4621-41b9-8a08-243447a32c86","documentId":"osft-doc-1027","id":"c6","text":"Indigenous data comprises data about Indigenous Peoples as individuals.","kind":"definitional","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"Indigenous data","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Indigenous data are data, information, and knowledge, in any format, that impact Indigenous Peoples, nations, and communities at the collective and individual levels; data about their resources and environments, data about them as Individuals, and data about them as collectives","representedInStars":true}
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{"key":"osft-doc-1027/c8","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/5c072115dee14368","nativeRecordCid":"054c62d1-7e3f-485d-bfc3-9fc11a8e77eb","documentId":"osft-doc-1027","id":"c8","text":"Indigenous Data Sovereignty draws on the United Nations Declaration on the Rights of Indigenous Peoples (UNDRIP).","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"Indigenous Data Sovereignty","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Indigenous Data Sovereignty draws on the United \nNations Declaration on the Rights of Indigenous Peoples (UNDRIP), which reaffirms the rights of Indigenous \nPeoples to control data about their peoples, lands, and resources","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1027/c9","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/5ba0213391554566","nativeRecordCid":"7c70eb31-0796-4f21-b658-241475b32998","documentId":"osft-doc-1027","id":"c9","text":"UNDRIP reaffirms the rights of Indigenous Peoples to control data about their peoples, lands, and resources.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"UNDRIP","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Indigenous Data Sovereignty draws on the United \nNations Declaration on the Rights of Indigenous Peoples (UNDRIP), which reaffirms the rights of Indigenous \nPeoples to control data about their peoples, lands, and resources","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1027/c10","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/f1a393b6cb514943","nativeRecordCid":"de56a5a1-b74b-4694-bfca-d4d6a08e80b6","documentId":"osft-doc-1027","id":"c10","text":"Indigenous data governance enacts Indigenous Peoples' rights through mechanisms grounded in Indigenous rights and interests that promote Indigenous values and equity.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"Indigenous data governance","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Indigenous data governance enacts those \nrights through mechanisms grounded in Indigenous rights and interests that promote Indigenous values and \nequity, while providing a framework for addressing deeper historical issues associated with barriers for underrep-\nresented communities and knowledge systems","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1027/c11","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/b5512a542b8a4d30","nativeRecordCid":"666d2c64-72d2-481a-9b19-47ce12cfbdd2","documentId":"osft-doc-1027","id":"c11","text":"Indigenous data governance provides a framework for addressing deeper historical issues associated with barriers for underrepresented communities and knowledge systems.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"Indigenous data governance","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Indigenous data governance enacts those \nrights through mechanisms grounded in Indigenous rights and interests that promote Indigenous values and \nequity, while providing a framework for addressing deeper historical issues associated with barriers for underrep-\nresented communities and knowledge systems","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1027/c12","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/85ddbdee8e2b44c1","nativeRecordCid":"ef0d2740-e0d0-4d6b-9ea1-b3807f9f7ffb","documentId":"osft-doc-1027","id":"c12","text":"The CARE Principles for Indigenous Data Governance address concerns related to the people and purpose of data.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"CARE Principles","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The ‘CARE Principles for Indigenous Data Governance’ address concerns related to the people and purpose \nof data; Collective benefit, Authority to control, Responsibility, and Ethics, and their respective sub-principles","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1027/c13","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/1cc1e3fd30dd47ef","nativeRecordCid":"859ed3f4-5a3a-4ea9-894b-3bd9cfdcecd0","documentId":"osft-doc-1027","id":"c13","text":"CARE comprises the principle of Collective benefit.","kind":"definitional","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"CARE Principles","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The ‘CARE Principles for Indigenous Data Governance’ address concerns related to the people and purpose \nof data; Collective benefit, Authority to control, Responsibility, and Ethics, and their respective sub-principles","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1027/c14","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/55cb167aaf08497a","nativeRecordCid":"7b43ec6e-6a68-4a47-971b-0679b4144d5b","documentId":"osft-doc-1027","id":"c14","text":"CARE comprises the principle of Authority to control.","kind":"definitional","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"CARE Principles","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The ‘CARE Principles for Indigenous Data Governance’ address concerns related to the people and purpose \nof data; Collective benefit, Authority to control, Responsibility, and Ethics, and their respective sub-principles","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1027/c15","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/42cc364c029e4edf","nativeRecordCid":"c8852f2b-87c8-4d6c-80af-08bbedc8e781","documentId":"osft-doc-1027","id":"c15","text":"CARE comprises the principle of Responsibility.","kind":"definitional","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"CARE Principles","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The ‘CARE Principles for Indigenous Data Governance’ address concerns related to the people and purpose \nof data; Collective benefit, Authority to control, Responsibility, and Ethics, and their respective sub-principles","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1027/c16","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/e2f270131b4347f3","nativeRecordCid":"ffebb5a8-069c-44a7-8917-853cd0de966f","documentId":"osft-doc-1027","id":"c16","text":"CARE comprises the principle of Ethics.","kind":"definitional","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"CARE Principles","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The ‘CARE Principles for Indigenous Data Governance’ address concerns related to the people and purpose \nof data; Collective benefit, Authority to control, Responsibility, and Ethics, and their respective sub-principles","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1027/c17","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/c7b5f8e23d1d49a8","nativeRecordCid":"f0d1a046-63ac-4b57-b8f6-d8942b34b716","documentId":"osft-doc-1027","id":"c17","text":"The use of Indigenous data should result in tangible benefits for Indigenous collectives through inclusive development and innovation, improved governance and citizen engagement.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"","subject":"use of Indigenous data","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The CARE Principles detail that the use of Indigenous data should result in tangible benefits for Indigenous \ncollectives through inclusive development and innovation, improved governance and citizen engagement, and \nresult in equitable outcomes","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1027/c18","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/8f236968363b4176","nativeRecordCid":"b6836b10-5c3f-458b-83eb-bcae6f4302ce","documentId":"osft-doc-1027","id":"c18","text":"The use of Indigenous data should result in equitable outcomes.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"","subject":"use of Indigenous data","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The CARE Principles detail that the use of Indigenous data should result in tangible benefits for Indigenous \ncollectives through inclusive development and innovation, improved governance and citizen engagement, and \nresult in equitable outcomes","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1027/c19","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/361bb5b67b2641ab","nativeRecordCid":"622a1313-e42c-45cf-a1c5-4ed3beaa8f85","documentId":"osft-doc-1027","id":"c19","text":"Collective benefit is more likely to be realized when data ecosystems are designed to support Indigenous nations.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"collective benefit","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Collective benefit is more likely to be realized when data ecosystems are designed \nto support Indigenous nations and when the use/reuse of data for resource allocation is consistent with com-\nmunity values.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1027/c20","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/cae505fd748d4e4a","nativeRecordCid":"28941c50-faa0-42a8-93f3-8fd5379ae153","documentId":"osft-doc-1027","id":"c20","text":"Collective benefit is more likely to be realized when the use or reuse of data for resource allocation is consistent with community values.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"collective benefit","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Collective benefit is more likely to be realized when data ecosystems are designed \nto support Indigenous nations and when the use/reuse of data for resource allocation is consistent with com-\nmunity values.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1027/c21","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/16122fd462a04c91","nativeRecordCid":"ead73cbf-602b-4a4e-afb0-e99955e0e90e","documentId":"osft-doc-1027","id":"c21","text":"UNDRIP asserts Indigenous Peoples' rights and interests in data.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"UNDRIP","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"UNDRIP asserts Indigenous Peoples’ rights and interests in data and their authority to control \ntheir data.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1027/c22","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/1316ebe574ae43bc","nativeRecordCid":"63885b22-3c62-4e36-861c-c24eebaea15c","documentId":"osft-doc-1027","id":"c22","text":"UNDRIP asserts Indigenous Peoples' authority to control their data.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"UNDRIP","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"UNDRIP asserts Indigenous Peoples’ rights and interests in data and their authority to control \ntheir data.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1027/c23","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/e95b4841e6904a77","nativeRecordCid":"4a2fa585-d5ba-4777-a9de-63d78cccddf3","documentId":"osft-doc-1027","id":"c23","text":"Access to 'data for governance' is necessary to support self-determination.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"","subject":"access to data for governance","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Access to ‘data for governance’ is vital to support self-determination and Indigenous nations should be \nactively involved in ‘governance of data’ to ensure ethical reuse of data.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1027/c24","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/4e0d7efb22ee498c","nativeRecordCid":"cb7e1e5c-9cfd-4244-afe3-b1707a573a3d","documentId":"osft-doc-1027","id":"c24","text":"Indigenous nations should be actively involved in 'governance of data' to ensure ethical reuse of data.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"Indigenous nations","subject":"governance of data","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Access to ‘data for governance’ is vital to support self-determination and Indigenous nations should be \nactively involved in ‘governance of data’ to ensure ethical reuse of data.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1027/c25","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/e6a3398b2d9a48d0","nativeRecordCid":"f32093b8-9c37-4e24-9f47-01df11891187","documentId":"osft-doc-1027","id":"c25","text":"The majority of Indigenous data is controlled by non-Indigenous institutions.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"control of Indigenous data","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Given the majority of Indigenous data is controlled by non-Indigenous institutions there is a responsibility \nto engage respectfully with those communities to ensure the use of Indigenous data supports capacity development, increasing community data capabilities, and \nthe strengthening of Indigenous languages and cultures.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1027/c26","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/4a5b8edc45c2475e","nativeRecordCid":"8b641d70-c8b5-40fc-b7b3-df3b87e8712d","documentId":"osft-doc-1027","id":"c26","text":"Non-Indigenous institutions that control Indigenous data must engage respectfully with Indigenous communities to ensure the use of Indigenous data supports capacity development, increases community data capabilities, and strengthens Indigenous languages and cultures.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"non-Indigenous institutions controlling Indigenous data","subject":"engagement with Indigenous communities","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Given the majority of Indigenous data is controlled by non-Indigenous institutions there is a responsibility \nto engage respectfully with those communities to ensure the use of Indigenous data supports capacity development, increasing community data capabilities, and \nthe strengthening of Indigenous languages and cultures.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1027/c27","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/5d990f1817594771","nativeRecordCid":"ca1802ff-88a7-42a7-9cab-c97e8c88e4de","documentId":"osft-doc-1027","id":"c27","text":"Indigenous Peoples' ethics should inform the use of data across time in order to minimize harm, maximize benefits, promote justice, and allow for future use.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"","subject":"use of data","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Similarly, Indigenous Peoples’ ethics should inform the \nuse of data across time in order to minimize harm, maximize benefits, promote justice, and allow for future use.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1027/c28","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/7b09d6a838524942","nativeRecordCid":"8ff1da7c-c5c8-49c7-96ab-c25375c0cdd2","documentId":"osft-doc-1027","id":"c28","text":"The CARE Principles are designed to be complementary to the FAIR Principles and other mainstream data frameworks.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"CARE Principles","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The CARE Principles are designed to be complementary to the FAIR Principles, Findable, Accessible, \nInteroperable, Reusable\n1, and other mainstream data frameworks, and promote equitable participation and out-\ncomes from data access, use, reuse, and attribution in contemporary data landscapes","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1027/c29","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/3bcd6a83df3a4c81","nativeRecordCid":"9986266b-454c-46c6-b8ad-8f0af7cef0ee","documentId":"osft-doc-1027","id":"c29","text":"The CARE Principles promote equitable participation and outcomes from data access, use, reuse, and attribution in contemporary data landscapes.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"CARE Principles","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The CARE Principles are designed to be complementary to the FAIR Principles, Findable, Accessible, \nInteroperable, Reusable\n1, and other mainstream data frameworks, and promote equitable participation and out-\ncomes from data access, use, reuse, and attribution in contemporary data landscapes","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1027/c30","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/b701b027aace45e3","nativeRecordCid":"a2092ecf-8ccf-4414-8493-d2ec0065e800","documentId":"osft-doc-1027","id":"c30","text":"FAIR stands for Findable.","kind":"definitional","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"FAIR Principles","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The CARE Principles are designed to be complementary to the FAIR Principles, Findable, Accessible, \nInteroperable, Reusable","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1027/c31","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/14beb63bdf0d4637","nativeRecordCid":"d676f2c7-ec4f-45b9-8ba6-546a218e3492","documentId":"osft-doc-1027","id":"c31","text":"FAIR stands for Accessible.","kind":"definitional","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"FAIR Principles","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The CARE Principles are designed to be complementary to the FAIR Principles, Findable, Accessible, \nInteroperable, Reusable","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1027/c32","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/2d8fe8b451424ca1","nativeRecordCid":"836e6621-9737-46d4-9366-8fd761dd809f","documentId":"osft-doc-1027","id":"c32","text":"FAIR stands for Interoperable.","kind":"definitional","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"FAIR Principles","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The CARE Principles are designed to be complementary to the FAIR Principles, Findable, Accessible, \nInteroperable, Reusable","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1027/c33","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/7a8b40dbb99e43da","nativeRecordCid":"3e10d235-204d-4587-84f5-ca0c952f78cb","documentId":"osft-doc-1027","id":"c33","text":"FAIR stands for Reusable.","kind":"definitional","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"FAIR Principles","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The CARE Principles are designed to be complementary to the FAIR Principles, Findable, Accessible, \nInteroperable, Reusable","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1027/c34","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/dcb4122f082b49dd","nativeRecordCid":"8bf5ed2f-14b0-430e-a190-1c86465ad3cf","documentId":"osft-doc-1027","id":"c34","text":"Implementation of the CARE Principles should be seen as a required dimension of open and FAIR data.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"","subject":"implementation of CARE Principles","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"implementation of the CARE Principles should be seen as a required dimension \nof open and FAIR data that ensures the use of data aligns with Indigenous rights, is as open as determined by \nIndigenous communities, is purposeful, and enhances the wellbeing of Indigenous Peoples.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1027/c35","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/1bc0c4bbf53c46c2","nativeRecordCid":"fb60676d-2b81-4b62-94a4-25bc42ca093a","documentId":"osft-doc-1027","id":"c35","text":"The use of data should align with Indigenous rights.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"","subject":"use of data","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"implementation of the CARE Principles should be seen as a required dimension \nof open and FAIR data that ensures the use of data aligns with Indigenous rights, is as open as determined by \nIndigenous communities, is purposeful, and enhances the wellbeing of Indigenous Peoples.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1027/c36","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/ac49a06bf7a94228","nativeRecordCid":"f11185b4-8cbe-427c-a5d0-2c7bb3ab028a","documentId":"osft-doc-1027","id":"c36","text":"The use of data should be as open as determined by Indigenous communities.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"","subject":"use of data","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"implementation of the CARE Principles should be seen as a required dimension \nof open and FAIR data that ensures the use of data aligns with Indigenous rights, is as open as determined by \nIndigenous communities, is purposeful, and enhances the wellbeing of Indigenous Peoples.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1027/c37","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/4d905fa4db6f495c","nativeRecordCid":"41ed5f7a-3b11-43fb-a51f-f493af2c946a","documentId":"osft-doc-1027","id":"c37","text":"The use of data should be purposeful.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"","subject":"use of data","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"implementation of the CARE Principles should be seen as a required dimension \nof open and FAIR data that ensures the use of data aligns with Indigenous rights, is as open as determined by \nIndigenous communities, is purposeful, and enhances the wellbeing of Indigenous Peoples.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1027/c38","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/c63e6b3779024c7c","nativeRecordCid":"5417c9c0-8053-45ff-9ee8-9545e99efb39","documentId":"osft-doc-1027","id":"c38","text":"The use of data should enhance the wellbeing of Indigenous Peoples.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"","subject":"use of data","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"implementation of the CARE Principles should be seen as a required dimension \nof open and FAIR data that ensures the use of data aligns with Indigenous rights, is as open as determined by \nIndigenous communities, is purposeful, and enhances the wellbeing of Indigenous Peoples.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1027/c39","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/a8df27a4cc3244dd","nativeRecordCid":"e889571b-aafb-453e-a1e6-fefe46982679","documentId":"osft-doc-1027","id":"c39","text":"Similar methods could be used to develop a framework for the CARE Principles in an equivalent 18-month timeframe using the RDA community and platform as a host.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"framework development for CARE","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The authors believe similar methods \ncould be used to develop a framework for the CARE Principles in an equivalent 18-month timeframe using the \nRDA community and platform as a host for the effort.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1027/c40","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/4aa253391d7f4c10","nativeRecordCid":"bba7c0ab-3ba1-4460-a392-47a177150210","documentId":"osft-doc-1027","id":"c40","text":"The development of a maturity model framework for CARE could be accelerated with completion in as little as 4 years from the inception of the CARE Principles if all efficiencies were in place.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"CARE maturity model framework","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The development of a maturity model framework for CARE could be accelerated with completion in as \nlittle as 4 years from the inception of the CARE Principles, targeting the year 2022 if all efficiencies were in place.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1027/c41","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/7c4f45ed56f64190","nativeRecordCid":"d6fd7c33-ff90-44c0-8d59-ec42ea486582","documentId":"osft-doc-1027","id":"c41","text":"Diversity in FAIR assessment methods is a benefit to communities trying to implement the FAIR criteria.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"diversity of FAIR assessment methods","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"This diversity is both a benefit to the communities trying to implement the FAIR criteria, but also a \nchallenge due to the inability to easily compare outcomes.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1027/c42","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/6e08065630e44d8b","nativeRecordCid":"23770077-1211-40cc-a4c9-e9f7fc842589","documentId":"osft-doc-1027","id":"c42","text":"Diversity in FAIR assessment methods is a challenge due to the inability to easily compare outcomes.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"diversity of FAIR assessment methods","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"This diversity is both a benefit to the communities trying to implement the FAIR criteria, but also a \nchallenge due to the inability to easily compare outcomes.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1027/c43","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/a92bec7592e74995","nativeRecordCid":"58bf3de0-12e5-4e92-bf76-3bb919cd0f5c","documentId":"osft-doc-1027","id":"c43","text":"There is a paradox of scarcity and abundance for Indigenous data.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"Indigenous data landscape","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Today there is a paradox of scarcity and abundance for Indigenous data","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1027/c44","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/bd749acf05984010","nativeRecordCid":"5a359db6-5c49-442f-8029-de608f6ac0dc","documentId":"osft-doc-1027","id":"c44","text":"There is a scarcity of data that align with Indigenous rights and interests and which Indigenous Peoples can control and access consistent with the CARE Principles.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"Indigenous data scarcity","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"There is a scarcity of data that align with Indigenous rights and interests and which Indigenous Peoples can control and access in a manner consist-\nent with the CARE Principles.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1027/c45","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/4165241ac90646ba","nativeRecordCid":"0c848739-95b6-41b6-84e5-729fa5988dce","documentId":"osft-doc-1027","id":"c45","text":"There is an abundance of data that are buried in larger collections, hard to find, mislabelled, and controlled by others in a manner inconsistent with the FAIR and CARE Principles.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"Indigenous data abundance","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"There is an abundance of data that are buried in larger collections, hard to find, \nmislabelled, and controlled (legally and literally) by others in a manner inconsistent with the FAIR and CARE \nPrinciples","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1027/c46","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/d733cfc873f144fe","nativeRecordCid":"a6591fc8-a37c-469a-bcc4-c3c12c1a58f7","documentId":"osft-doc-1027","id":"c46","text":"Data could be subject to both CARE and FAIR and create different outcomes depending on how implementation criteria have been operationalized within cyber infrastructures.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"data subject to CARE and FAIR","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"These two trajectories are represented in Fig.  1 which illustrates that data could be subject to both \nCARE and FAIR and create different outcomes depending on how implementation criteria have been operation-\nalized within cyber infrastructures.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1027/c47","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/8922c5ce5b1a4586","nativeRecordCid":"8f546eb3-7f71-47ae-a75a-a1db6159eca8","documentId":"osft-doc-1027","id":"c47","text":"The development process for CARE should align with FAIR.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"","subject":"development process for CARE","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"It is apparent the development process for CARE should necessarily align with FAIR given the various ways in \nwhich the principles might intersect around different datasets or contexts.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1027/c48","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/c32d9e57f5e843c8","nativeRecordCid":"bdf064db-1b2e-494b-84ef-6533934e38a4","documentId":"osft-doc-1027","id":"c48","text":"Many datasets are working towards being FAIR but have not taken active steps towards adopting mechanisms that support CARE.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"datasets and FAIR/CARE adoption","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"A range of datasets are working towards \nbeing FAIR however many have not taken active steps to towards adopting mechanisms that support CARE.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1027/c49","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/018c67ffd1ad4261","nativeRecordCid":"145888f4-b301-427c-ac00-ed6a3affc596","documentId":"osft-doc-1027","id":"c49","text":"ESIP is working toward developing guidance on how to operationalize CARE and FAIR for repositories.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"ESIP","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The \nEarth Science Information Partners (ESIP) are working toward developing guidance on how to operationalize \nCARE and FAIR for repositories.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1027/c50","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/33c92f2fb90144c5","nativeRecordCid":"a1897027-75f8-4ef9-ba5e-d0d4a918dc47","documentId":"osft-doc-1027","id":"c50","text":"Earth and space science research data is highly relevant to Indigenous communities.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"earth and space science data","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Earth and space science research data is highly relevant to Indigenous commu-\nnities.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1027/c51","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/5e9ec8d1dd1d4f97","nativeRecordCid":"0cca42b1-5d47-453f-a9a0-65a67525f8ed","documentId":"osft-doc-1027","id":"c51","text":"ESIP's Sustainable Data Management Cluster is currently reviewing the role of repositories for both CARE and FAIR to determine needed operational services and other criteria.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"ESIP Sustainable Data Management Cluster","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"ESIP’s Sustainable Data Management Cluster is currently reviewing the role of repositories for both CARE \nand FAIR to determine the needed operational services and other criteria.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1027/c52","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/47532d6c58304710","nativeRecordCid":"2e4e9a6e-0053-4d67-bf5b-2558a9d48d9b","documentId":"osft-doc-1027","id":"c52","text":"Data that are well documented through compliance with FAIR criteria are easier to manage when implementing the CARE Principles.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"FAIR-documented data and CARE implementation","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"An early observation from this work \nis that data that are well documented through compliance with FAIR criteria are easier to manage when imple-\nmenting the CARE Principles.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1027/c53","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/721990461e4a41f4","nativeRecordCid":"5127e935-afbb-4c28-9334-8609756204ae","documentId":"osft-doc-1027","id":"c53","text":"Tribal databases and Indigenous Content Management Systems hold tribal data using protocols consistent with tribal values and worldviews, thus employing CARE.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"tribal databases and ICMS","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Tribal databases and Indigenous Content Management Systems (e.g. Mukurtu.org) hold tribal data using \nprotocols consistent with tribal values and worldviews, thus employing CARE.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1027/c54","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/e874a221e14d48e2","nativeRecordCid":"dc540c4f-79ef-4abe-9d8c-369e1baa599b","documentId":"osft-doc-1027","id":"c54","text":"Tribal databases and Indigenous Content Management Systems are generally not consistent with FAIR principles.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"tribal databases and ICMS","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"However, these collections are generally not consistent with FAIR principles and require enriched metadata and protocols.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1027/c55","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/1a9d816d980948a0","nativeRecordCid":"7c17ffb0-21f8-409a-83d7-8c05e46268fe","documentId":"osft-doc-1027","id":"c55","text":"Tribal databases and Indigenous Content Management Systems require enriched metadata and protocols.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"Tribal databases and Indigenous Content Management Systems","subject":"tribal databases and ICMS","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"However, these collections are generally not consistent with FAIR principles and require enriched metadata and protocols.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1027/c56","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/c78e6775ec194c61","nativeRecordCid":"ebdaee5a-f4d8-4d6f-b277-9ba5ba744c5b","documentId":"osft-doc-1027","id":"c56","text":"Application of CARE with FAIR requires a clear set of criteria and tools.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"","subject":"application of CARE with FAIR","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Application of CARE with FAIR requires a clear \nset of criteria and tools such as the FAIR Data Maturity Model.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1027/c57","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/d52dd779c4bd4e8c","nativeRecordCid":"e4e7eeb8-4905-436f-8d5f-5f668c5b7399","documentId":"osft-doc-1027","id":"c57","text":"Compiling existing and creating new tools and criteria for implementing the CARE Principles are needed to achieve data that are FAIR with CARE.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"","subject":"tools and criteria for CARE","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Compiling existing and creating new tools and \ncriteria for implementing the CARE Principles are needed to achieve data that are FAIR with CARE.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1027/c58","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/90fcebd630b04bfd","nativeRecordCid":"ca041579-da1b-4559-bc0d-074c63313f5f","documentId":"osft-doc-1027","id":"c58","text":"The FAIR Principles are aligned to the global shift towards open science and open data.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"FAIR Principles","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The FAIR Principles are aligned to the global shift towards open science and open data, promoting data \ncentric criteria that facilitate increased data sharing among entities while ignoring relationships, power differentials, and \nthe historical conditions associated with the collection of data","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1027/c59","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/6d61c5c151df495f","nativeRecordCid":"3356560e-6717-48c6-84f3-8031689cbf0a","documentId":"osft-doc-1027","id":"c59","text":"The FAIR Principles promote data centric criteria that facilitate increased data sharing among entities.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"FAIR Principles","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The FAIR Principles are aligned to the global shift towards open science and open data, promoting data \ncentric criteria that facilitate increased data sharing among entities while ignoring relationships, power differentials, and \nthe historical conditions associated with the collection of data","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1027/c60","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/ca84d6defb4f4314","nativeRecordCid":"8616cb48-e321-4301-a5f3-badc45717e41","documentId":"osft-doc-1027","id":"c60","text":"The FAIR Principles' data centric criteria ignore relationships, power differentials, and the historical conditions associated with the collection of data.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"FAIR Principles","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The FAIR Principles are aligned to the global shift towards open science and open data, promoting data \ncentric criteria that facilitate increased data sharing among entities while ignoring relationships, power differentials, and \nthe historical conditions associated with the collection of data","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1027/c61","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/80fe2e2e50704c5d","nativeRecordCid":"29168a22-45e8-4787-8fdf-4f5f8c221fb4","documentId":"osft-doc-1027","id":"c61","text":"Ignoring relationships, power differentials and historical conditions continues to affect how ethical and socially responsible data use can occur within the sciences.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"ethical data use in sciences","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"These factors continue to affect how ethical and socially responsible data use can occur within the sciences \nparticularly as machine learning approaches accelerate \ndata re-use.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1027/c62","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/ed50276a5ac844ad","nativeRecordCid":"9e618e97-1c84-4f52-8501-197b08a3ceec","documentId":"osft-doc-1027","id":"c62","text":"Machine learning approaches accelerate data re-use.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"machine learning approaches","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"These factors continue to affect how ethical and socially responsible data use can occur within the sciences \nparticularly as machine learning approaches accelerate \ndata re-use.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1027/c63","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/d803459b637f4ddb","nativeRecordCid":"88dfae24-3ecf-4dba-994f-47879056ecb2","documentId":"osft-doc-1027","id":"c63","text":"Indigenous communities feel tension between protecting their interests in scientific data generated from their lands, waters, and people, and supporting or being subject to open data and data sharing initiatives.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"Indigenous communities' tension over data","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Concerns about secondary use of data, problems with bias and social inequity, and limited opportunities for \nbenefit-sharing, have focused attention on the tension that Indigenous communities feel between protecting their \ninterests in scientific data generated from their lands, waters, and people, while supporting, or being subject to \nopen data and data sharing initiatives","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1027/c64","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/db03db6798d5421e","nativeRecordCid":"12d96e08-8582-4dd8-9070-7e0976e499e7","documentId":"osft-doc-1027","id":"c64","text":"Indigenous communities face a number of challenges in facilitating the culturally appropriate reuse of scientific data.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"Indigenous communities and scientific data reuse","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Indigenous communities face a number of challenges in facilitating the \nculturally appropriate reuse of scientific data.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1027/c65","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/f2dfa552987046d1","nativeRecordCid":"ce28e2ff-e9a4-47e5-8398-046e58e14356","documentId":"osft-doc-1027","id":"c65","text":"The CARE Principles should be understood as applying not only to Indigenous Knowledge or Traditional Knowledge but also to scientific data.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"","subject":"scope of CARE Principles","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The CARE Principles should not be thought of as only applying to Indigenous Knowledge or Traditional \nKnowledge but also scientific data.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1027/c66","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/29af920153374f76","nativeRecordCid":"51b2cb81-3278-4a7b-9919-5e59cba9198c","documentId":"osft-doc-1027","id":"c66","text":"The CARE Principles speak to how scientific data are used in ways that are purposeful and oriented towards enhancing wellbeing of people.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"CARE Principles and scientific data use","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The CARE Principles speak to how scientific data are used in ways that are \npurposeful and oriented towards enhancing wellbeing of people.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1027/c67","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/755c200190d1474d","nativeRecordCid":"90c1b350-0d43-44f8-b70c-3285dc72a085","documentId":"osft-doc-1027","id":"c67","text":"The CARE Principles are likely to find expression across the data lifecycle from collection to curation, from access to application, with implications and responsibilities for a broad range of entities from funders to data users.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"CARE Principles across data lifecycle","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The CARE Principles are likely to find expres-\nsion across the data lifecycle from collection to curation, from access to application, with implications and \nresponsibilities for a broad range of entities from funders to data users.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1027/c68","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/6915f8e96c8e47f7","nativeRecordCid":"e31deb1f-5a34-4dc1-8a82-f43df9cbd406","documentId":"osft-doc-1027","id":"c68","text":"In many cases scientific datasets also contain Indigenous Knowledge.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"scientific datasets","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"It is important to note that in many cases scientific datasets also contain Indigenous Knowledge.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1027/c69","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/22ee2a92ac074ac7","nativeRecordCid":"30051947-c722-4c0a-a3a9-fd48ecc1fd2d","documentId":"osft-doc-1027","id":"c69","text":"Users and producers of data containing Indigenous Knowledge often do not realize the need to acknowledge Indigenous provenance or make space for cultural metadata when creating the data.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"users and producers of such data","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Users and producers of such data, both in the past and currently, often do not realize the need to acknowledge Indigenous \nprovenance or make space for cultural metadata when creating this data.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1027/c70","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/58f49530474e4be9","nativeRecordCid":"dc0f4de5-eaa2-4473-85f2-28852e2bb594","documentId":"osft-doc-1027","id":"c70","text":"The Traditional Knowledge (TK) Labels are an extra-legal digital mechanism that re-positions Indigenous cultural authority and governance over Indigenous data and collections.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"TK Labels","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"One tool that predates yet exemplifies the combined practice of CARE and FAIR data are the Traditional Knowledge \n(TK) Labels, an extra-legal digital mechanism that re-positions Indigenous cultural authority and governance over \nIndigenous data and collections.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1027/c71","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/c1a95a7f19084fc5","nativeRecordCid":"44332126-df0c-4c56-bdc9-a9acbeae552e","documentId":"osft-doc-1027","id":"c71","text":"The TK Labels are digital tags which restore relationships between Indigenous and non-Indigenous rights holders by correcting and providing more information about cultural material collected, often in circumstances of duress and with questionable consent.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"TK Labels","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The TK Labels are digital tags which restore relationships between Indigenous and non-Indigenous rights holders \nby correcting and providing more information about cultural material collected, often in circumstances of duress \nand with questionable consent","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1027/c72","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/f674052246db4cf7","nativeRecordCid":"6ce2e93f-8c3c-43d5-b8e0-aff253f0cdbf","documentId":"osft-doc-1027","id":"c72","text":"The TK Labels improve the quality of provenance.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"TK Labels","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The TK Labels improve the quality of provenance, encourage communities to enrich records with their own tra-\nditional knowledge, and increase capacity for better understanding of equity and decision-making regarding re-use \nand circulation.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1027/c73","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/60df384434224cc1","nativeRecordCid":"dda46db0-4b09-44ae-ace5-e0d828effdea","documentId":"osft-doc-1027","id":"c73","text":"The TK Labels encourage communities to enrich records with their own traditional knowledge.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"TK Labels","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The TK Labels improve the quality of provenance, encourage communities to enrich records with their own tra-\nditional knowledge, and increase capacity for better understanding of equity and decision-making regarding re-use \nand circulation.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1027/c74","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/f48b60223cfe49fb","nativeRecordCid":"227d7512-6aa5-4c9b-8bbd-b3a905c7ec01","documentId":"osft-doc-1027","id":"c74","text":"The TK Labels increase capacity for better understanding of equity and decision-making regarding re-use and circulation.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"TK Labels","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The TK Labels improve the quality of provenance, encourage communities to enrich records with their own tra-\nditional knowledge, and increase capacity for better understanding of equity and decision-making regarding re-use \nand circulation.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1027/c75","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/0260dafec5e94e1b","nativeRecordCid":"43dd7fcf-e306-401d-8d32-4b234497185a","documentId":"osft-doc-1027","id":"c75","text":"The TK Labels work at the level of metadata to enhance and legitimize locally based decision-making and Indigenous governance frameworks for determining ownership, access, and culturally appropriate conditions for sharing historical and contemporary collections of cultural heritage.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"TK Labels","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"As the TK Labels are directly incorporated into the digital infrastructure of catalogue, classifica-\ntion, and content management systems they work at the level of metadata to enhance and legitimize locally based \ndecision-making and Indigenous governance frameworks for determining ownership, access, and culturally appro-\npriate conditions for sharing historical and contemporary collections of cultural heritage.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1027/c76","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/997949cac1b6469f","nativeRecordCid":"14481419-062e-4bee-8007-9fe17109e741","documentId":"osft-doc-1027","id":"c76","text":"The TK Labels are a good example of a tool that supports implementation of both FAIR and CARE Principles by enabling local authority and reflecting community protocols.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"TK Labels","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"By enabling local authority and reflecting community pro-\ntocols the TK Labels are a good example of a tool that supports implementation of both FAIR and CARE Principles.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1027/c77","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/7c155531be1f4da2","nativeRecordCid":"b9975e1e-49ad-41fc-bb72-e388aa3d1b22","documentId":"osft-doc-1027","id":"c77","text":"The CARE Principles and tools like the TK Labels have important implications for international policy frameworks like the Convention on Biological Diversity and the Nagoya Protocol.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"CARE Principles and international policy","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The CARE Principles and tools like the TK Labels have important implications for international policy frame-\nworks like the Convention on Biological Diversity and the Nagoya Protocol.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1027/c78","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/c6a110120702443b","nativeRecordCid":"6f66e69c-3c07-4998-b3eb-1c5ba96d57c1","documentId":"osft-doc-1027","id":"c78","text":"The Nagoya Protocol supports fair and equitable benefit sharing for genetic resources.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"Nagoya Protocol","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The Nagoya Protocols supports \nfair and equitable benefit sharing for genetic resources but currently excludes digital sequence information, in \npart due to the practicalities of tracking provenance and secondary use of datasets.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1027/c79","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/91b9423e66164d81","nativeRecordCid":"615bdb65-e0af-4721-8c40-34726c42491b","documentId":"osft-doc-1027","id":"c79","text":"The Nagoya Protocol currently excludes digital sequence information.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"Nagoya Protocol","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The Nagoya Protocols supports \nfair and equitable benefit sharing for genetic resources but currently excludes digital sequence information, in \npart due to the practicalities of tracking provenance and secondary use of datasets.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1027/c80","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/4706389575d64eb7","nativeRecordCid":"27ec4527-d022-4051-93ee-dd263009b684","documentId":"osft-doc-1027","id":"c80","text":"Open genomic data supports innovation.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"open genomic data","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"While open genomic data \nsupports innovation it also enables the appropriation of value and increases inequities.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1027/c81","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/273dde8234fd494a","nativeRecordCid":"9c404e4f-88a7-44fe-8c86-13d23575849e","documentId":"osft-doc-1027","id":"c81","text":"Open genomic data enables the appropriation of value.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"open genomic data","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"While open genomic data \nsupports innovation it also enables the appropriation of value and increases inequities.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1027/c82","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/194fd2a4d11b4a9f","nativeRecordCid":"ed1f466d-e488-4241-a62c-25d5c7011fdc","documentId":"osft-doc-1027","id":"c82","text":"Open genomic data increases inequities.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"open genomic data","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"While open genomic data \nsupports innovation it also enables the appropriation of value and increases inequities.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1027/c83","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/72bb962f3093461b","nativeRecordCid":"9ba09f29-45e0-4379-b606-eab4b853f0f1","documentId":"osft-doc-1027","id":"c83","text":"The implementation of CARE and application of TK Labels to genomic or metadata databases will illustrate the value this work can contribute towards delivering on the promise of fair and equitable benefit sharing.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"CARE and TK Labels in genomic databases","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The implementation of \nCARE, and application of TK Labels, to genomic databases or metadata databases like GEOME will illustrate \nthe value that this work can contribute towards delivering on the promise of fair and equitable benefit sharing","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1027/c84","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/112c751b307045e1","nativeRecordCid":"3103b345-c23e-4dc7-a69f-aaa089ec3424","documentId":"osft-doc-1027","id":"c84","text":"There has been broadening interest in applying the CARE Principles outside the realm of Indigenous Peoples.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"application of CARE Principles","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Additionally, there has been broadening interest in applying the CARE Principles outside the realm of \nIndigenous Peoples.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1027/c85","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/eae3aad3fcab4cc8","nativeRecordCid":"30ae3446-dd8d-4329-a259-7062e8d967ff","documentId":"osft-doc-1027","id":"c85","text":"The idea that specific communities could contribute to the development of protocols that inform the ethical use of data about them resonates with the CARE Principles by addressing concerns about fairness, trust, and accountability and allowing contributors, as collectives, to have a say in how their data gets used.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"community-developed data protocols","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The idea that specific communities could contribute to the development of protocols that \ninform the ethical use of data about them resonates with the CARE Principles, addressing concerns about fairness, \ntrust, and accountability that are increasingly being advanced and by allowing contributors, as collectives, to have \na say in how their data actually gets used","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1027/c86","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/4dc4d88839304fa4","nativeRecordCid":"11299ecb-c805-473c-8603-4f498c596b66","documentId":"osft-doc-1027","id":"c86","text":"In the development phase, the implementation of the CARE Principles focuses on the ethical and appropriate collection and use of Indigenous data, to allow for the full contribution of Indigenous values and perspectives in the innovation of data governance policies and practices.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"CARE Principles implementation focus","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"However, in the development phase, the implementation of the CARE \nPrinciples will focus on the ethical and appropriate collection and use of Indigenous data, to allow for the full \ncontribution of Indigenous values and perspectives in the innovation of data governance policies and practices.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1027/c87","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/d692b0f710fa484f","nativeRecordCid":"6e3047ef-37af-44f5-98d0-28ca85b6c5c9","documentId":"osft-doc-1027","id":"c87","text":"RDA, as a truly global organization, stands for data sharing without barriers.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"RDA","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"RDA as a truly global organization stands for data sharing without barriers.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1027/c88","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/78d8391f2d384799","nativeRecordCid":"2aab23ec-a3e6-44a6-a2af-37858751507d","documentId":"osft-doc-1027","id":"c88","text":"A significant contribution of RDA is to provide a platform for research communities, including small, technical, or sporadic ones.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"RDA","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"A significant contribution of RDA is \nto provide a platform for research communities, including for small, technical, or even sporadic ones.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1027/c89","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/f173b54b5774431c","nativeRecordCid":"2ec2b9ef-ad7a-4873-b7f1-4ae415650b9e","documentId":"osft-doc-1027","id":"c89","text":"Researchers can participate in discussions at a global level, from their local research environment.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"researchers and global discussions","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Researchers \ncan participate in discussions at a global level, from their local research environment.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1027/c90","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/b829b9876b99456f","nativeRecordCid":"8d9927da-083a-4231-9281-5049c61b3c6f","documentId":"osft-doc-1027","id":"c90","text":"Personal contributions on dedicated topics, via collaborative work, result in agreed outputs and working methods.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"collaborative work outputs","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Personal contributions on dedicated topics, via collaborative work results in agreed outputs and working methods.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1027/c91","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/635e65645d934a89","nativeRecordCid":"bb13b54a-ecbb-44ff-934d-bce53b432deb","documentId":"osft-doc-1027","id":"c91","text":"The CARE Principles are a new, game changing perspective that stimulates researchers across domains and regions as an effort to articulate community data rights.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"CARE Principles","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The CARE Principles, beyond supporting Indigenous Peoples’ rights and interests, is a new, game changing perspec-\ntive, stimulating researchers across domains and regions as an effort to articulate community data rights.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1027/c92","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/2066b3f075fd4e73","nativeRecordCid":"626df846-4ff9-4401-bf1f-0693a63f207e","documentId":"osft-doc-1027","id":"c92","text":"FAIR and Open are two interdependent issues that are related but not synonymous.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"FAIR and Open","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The work on FAIR Principles and Open Science in recent years made it clear for both researchers and policymak-\ners, that FAIR and Open are two interdependent issues, which are related but not synonymous.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1027/c93","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/e2861039feb14b82","nativeRecordCid":"52d8b67b-f27a-4ec4-acc4-bef7d8b1e929","documentId":"osft-doc-1027","id":"c93","text":"FAIR is defined as a technical removal, or lessening to a certain level, of barriers to make data interoperable, independent from the source, domain, or underlying technology.","kind":"definitional","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"FAIR","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"FAIR is a technical \nremoval (or lessening to a certain level) of the barriers, to make data interoperable, independent from the source, \ndomain, or underlying technology.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1027/c94","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/5603fae31e274cef","nativeRecordCid":"c908cf9a-f978-4e12-a647-42afa3635231","documentId":"osft-doc-1027","id":"c94","text":"Openness is a legal term connected to the rights of the data concerned.","kind":"definitional","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"openness","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"On the other hand, openness is a legal term connected to the rights of the data \nconcerned.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1027/c95","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/fd6e5a93d43541c8","nativeRecordCid":"8693a26f-65ef-46d3-b597-6759e637492f","documentId":"osft-doc-1027","id":"c95","text":"Some rights are well known and regulated, such as ownership, while others are less regulated and more controversial.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"data rights","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Some rights are well known and regulated (ownership), others are less regulated and more controversial.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1027/c96","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/d966737bf4c8412e","nativeRecordCid":"fda865f1-f798-4cc7-a86b-eed539f938cf","documentId":"osft-doc-1027","id":"c96","text":"The role of personal data rights is clear and legislated in most countries.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"personal data rights","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The role of personal data rights is clear and legislated in most countries, but due to the cultural legislative differences \nacross regions and countries, there are no consistent rights.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1027/c97","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/bf26bc35cf6345e3","nativeRecordCid":"d411a485-e657-4941-b0ee-c9d6586035a6","documentId":"osft-doc-1027","id":"c97","text":"Due to cultural legislative differences across regions and countries, there are no consistent personal data rights.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"personal data rights","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The role of personal data rights is clear and legislated in most countries, but due to the cultural legislative differences \nacross regions and countries, there are no consistent rights.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1027/c98","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/192c7f4c62df4600","nativeRecordCid":"f928eeef-d62d-498f-b28e-722c0f5e9ede","documentId":"osft-doc-1027","id":"c98","text":"Both open and non-open datasets can be FAIR.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"open and non-open datasets","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Both open and non-open datasets can be FAIR.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1027/c99","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/89c5f5101e4a42c0","nativeRecordCid":"da55d117-8f19-4a4c-b1c8-d20eb2f5f53b","documentId":"osft-doc-1027","id":"c99","text":"Community data rights are just at the beginning of a similar journey.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"community data rights","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Community data rights are just at the beginning of a similar journey.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1027/c100","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/caffe51858754974","nativeRecordCid":"36c18fa2-9171-4b84-b0d6-d24d28025a4a","documentId":"osft-doc-1027","id":"c100","text":"The path provided by Indigenous Peoples in the data governance and policy field will soon be followed by others who would like to give a voice to their collective rights.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"Indigenous data governance path","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The path provided by Indigenous Peoples \nin the data governance and policy field, will soon be followed by others who would like to give a voice to their col-\nlective rights.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1027/c101","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/367c49ef39a140f0","nativeRecordCid":"025ee37a-7d82-41e3-97da-b694dbb3eb0b","documentId":"osft-doc-1027","id":"c101","text":"The OCAP principles were developed to recognise the collective rights of First Nations communities in Canada to information collected from their territories.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"OCAP principles","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The OCAP\n® principles (ownership, control, access, and possession) were developed to recognise the \ncollective rights of First Nations communities in Canada to information collected from their territories","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1027/c102","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/c81b93e022ec4aa4","nativeRecordCid":"3b94a014-59c9-40da-9b89-86587f9906c0","documentId":"osft-doc-1027","id":"c102","text":"OCAP stands for Ownership.","kind":"definitional","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"OCAP principles","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The OCAP\n® principles (ownership, control, access, and possession) were developed to recognise the \ncollective rights of First Nations communities in Canada to information collected from their territories","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1027/c103","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/bb25aefce82342c5","nativeRecordCid":"125c96ee-3302-4352-8b18-77ef3e0678b1","documentId":"osft-doc-1027","id":"c103","text":"OCAP stands for Control.","kind":"definitional","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"OCAP principles","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The OCAP\n® principles (ownership, control, access, and possession) were developed to recognise the \ncollective rights of First Nations communities in Canada to information collected from their territories","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1027/c104","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/0ed22082632f4929","nativeRecordCid":"a48039d7-83ed-479f-9ab8-2930e68bb2d8","documentId":"osft-doc-1027","id":"c104","text":"OCAP stands for Access.","kind":"definitional","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"OCAP principles","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The OCAP\n® principles (ownership, control, access, and possession) were developed to recognise the \ncollective rights of First Nations communities in Canada to information collected from their territories","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1027/c105","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/263d81b69fa64db6","nativeRecordCid":"c216b474-206d-4d07-b69a-ec9642d51b6f","documentId":"osft-doc-1027","id":"c105","text":"OCAP stands for Possession.","kind":"definitional","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"OCAP principles","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The OCAP\n® principles (ownership, control, access, and possession) were developed to recognise the \ncollective rights of First Nations communities in Canada to information collected from their territories","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1027/c106","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/13295f5916e04b18","nativeRecordCid":"7366f1fd-8ad2-43d8-84ee-7770f9f5abc1","documentId":"osft-doc-1027","id":"c106","text":"OCAP enabled First Nations to assert control over data collection processes in their communities.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"OCAP","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"OCAP®, a registered trademark of the First Nations Information Governance Centre (FNIGC), \nenabled First Nations to assert control over data collection processes in their communities19, as well as recognise \nthe authority to own, protect, and control how their information is used.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1027/c107","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/07d5f973fea54f0d","nativeRecordCid":"763bc40f-0488-4e3f-92cc-e1e33c5c3ea7","documentId":"osft-doc-1027","id":"c107","text":"OCAP recognises First Nations' authority to own, protect, and control how their information is used.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"OCAP","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"OCAP®, a registered trademark of the First Nations Information Governance Centre (FNIGC), \nenabled First Nations to assert control over data collection processes in their communities19, as well as recognise \nthe authority to own, protect, and control how their information is used.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1027/c108","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/10ae9305228941d8","nativeRecordCid":"850f94ae-22d9-47db-b89f-457955f06d9c","documentId":"osft-doc-1027","id":"c108","text":"The claiming of rights to own, control, access, and possess information about their peoples is fundamentally tied to First Nations self-determination.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"First Nations data rights claiming","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The claiming of rights to own, control, \naccess, and possess information about their peoples is fundamentally tied to First Nations self-determination and \nto the preservation and development of their culture.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1027/c109","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/fc5daa663b6a411d","nativeRecordCid":"803be9e3-2c41-4226-816d-0e67eac4e002","documentId":"osft-doc-1027","id":"c109","text":"The claiming of rights to own, control, access, and possess information about their peoples is fundamentally tied to the preservation and development of First Nations' culture.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"First Nations data rights claiming","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The claiming of rights to own, control, \naccess, and possess information about their peoples is fundamentally tied to First Nations self-determination and \nto the preservation and development of their culture.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1027/c110","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/7d9dc2121cac4dc6","nativeRecordCid":"b363dbba-e17d-4b8b-818c-6aabb6371f57","documentId":"osft-doc-1027","id":"c110","text":"The articulation of the CARE Principles offers an opportunity to find synergies between the FAIR and CARE Principles with actions and responsibilities across the data lifecycle and ecosystem.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"CARE Principles articulation","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The articulation of the CARE Principles offers an opportunity to find synergies between the FAIR and CARE \nPrinciples with actions and responsibilities across the data lifecycle and ecosystem.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1027/c111","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/53dd537ef9e341d6","nativeRecordCid":"0a7b9488-c00d-40fc-853f-c59d9f0929ca","documentId":"osft-doc-1027","id":"c111","text":"The FAIR criteria should apply to already existing and newly created Indigenous data in both Indigenous and non-Indigenous/hybrid datasets.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"","subject":"FAIR criteria and Indigenous data","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The FAIR criteria should apply to already existing and newly cre-\nated Indigenous data in both Indigenous and non-Indigenous/hybrid datasets that mix Indigenous and \nnon-Indigenous data.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1027/c112","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/31c6f06028e94957","nativeRecordCid":"f735d171-8f4e-476e-827e-d5dd88d464fd","documentId":"osft-doc-1027","id":"c112","text":"The use of Indigenous data in hybrid datasets requires a machine-readable provenance for Indigenous data.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"","subject":"Indigenous data in hybrid datasets","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"However, the use of Indigenous data in hybrid datasets requires a machine-readable prove-\nnance for Indigenous data and to signal the decision-making point that needs to be approached to allow or refuse \nconsent to use the data.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1027/c113","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/c41e206728b245c7","nativeRecordCid":"75515952-44ae-437e-a3ad-cacf63ed9d4c","documentId":"osft-doc-1027","id":"c113","text":"The use of Indigenous data in hybrid datasets requires signaling the decision-making point that needs to be approached to allow or refuse consent to use the data.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"","subject":"Indigenous data in hybrid datasets","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"However, the use of Indigenous data in hybrid datasets requires a machine-readable prove-\nnance for Indigenous data and to signal the decision-making point that needs to be approached to allow or refuse \nconsent to use the data.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1027/c114","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/a270c87b758e4c07","nativeRecordCid":"b1bb0ef4-b583-4d97-afa5-79baf4ad03a9","documentId":"osft-doc-1027","id":"c114","text":"For Indigenous collections, Indigenous researchers and communities may try out the FAIR Data Maturity Model criteria to identify actions to make existing data FAIR and to create policies and practices to make future data FAIR.","kind":"normative","modality":"may","actor":"Indigenous researchers and communities","subject":"FAIR Data Maturity Model criteria","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"For Indigenous collections, Indigenous researchers and communities could try out the \nFAIR Data Maturity Model criteria, placing them at the forefront of the latest work on FAIR and assisting in iden-\ntifying both actions to take to make existing data FAIR and to create policies and practices to make future data \nFAIR.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1027/c115","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/58f910b58af84d85","nativeRecordCid":"58f94355-d918-4fba-ab27-0b261ab7328f","documentId":"osft-doc-1027","id":"c115","text":"In hybrid datasets there is a need to engage with Indigenous researchers and communities to co-produce policies and practices that rectify the unFAIRness of existing data and ensure the FAIRness of newly created or deposited data aligns with the CARE Principles.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"","subject":"hybrid dataset policy co-production","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"In hybrid datasets there is a \nneed to engage with Indigenous researchers and communities to co-produce policies and practices that can rectify \nthe unFAIRness of existing data and ensure the FAIRness of newly created or deposited data alignes with the CARE \nPrinciples.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1027/c116","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/8228d415b8a44cbe","nativeRecordCid":"93039e98-6c74-45d5-a051-42a9f7079de1","documentId":"osft-doc-1027","id":"c116","text":"Global to local data and research communities should be aware of the need to apply the CARE Principles and the actions to take before engaging with Indigenous data anywhere along the data lifecycle.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"data and research communities","subject":"awareness of CARE Principles","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"These global to local \ncommunities should be aware of the need to apply the CARE Principles, and the actions to take before engaging \nwith Indigenous data anywhere along the data lifecycle.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1027/c117","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/2e98533b2cfa4951","nativeRecordCid":"79ab641c-6fe1-4cc8-bf0a-400eba500a23","documentId":"osft-doc-1027","id":"c117","text":"Full adoption of the CARE Principles may be impeded while implementation criteria are created.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"adoption of CARE Principles","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"While full adoption of the CARE Principles may be \nimpeded while implementation criteria are created, there are clear actions to take and explore (see Fig. 2) such as \nESIP’s efforts to apply CARE to repositories.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1027/c118","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/90c17b9c050847fe","nativeRecordCid":"5410b56a-a6e7-43c8-b723-1d138ed5abae","documentId":"osft-doc-1027","id":"c118","text":"Practicing CARE in data collection requires defining cultural metadata.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"","subject":"CARE in data collection","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"For instance, practicing CARE in data collection requires defining \ncultural metadata and recording provenance.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1027/c119","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/07d4243dc52d428c","nativeRecordCid":"6a2fbbf9-7142-4348-9297-d2294241d686","documentId":"osft-doc-1027","id":"c119","text":"Practicing CARE in data collection requires recording provenance.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"","subject":"CARE in data collection","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"For instance, practicing CARE in data collection requires defining \ncultural metadata and recording provenance.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1027/c120","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/e27a062813b047ef","nativeRecordCid":"5dc2cf0e-867a-4129-a4a4-9099bd5a96e8","documentId":"osft-doc-1027","id":"c120","text":"Engaging CARE in data stewardship necessitates using appropriate governance models.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"","subject":"CARE in data stewardship","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Engaging CARE in data stewardship necessitates using appropriate governance models and making data FAIR.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1027/c121","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/b55fd6f7ca96453b","nativeRecordCid":"85f13370-ea73-46e0-8e15-d4a052996fc5","documentId":"osft-doc-1027","id":"c121","text":"Engaging CARE in data stewardship necessitates making data FAIR.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"","subject":"CARE in data stewardship","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Engaging CARE in data stewardship necessitates using appropriate governance models and making data FAIR.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1027/c122","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/287ac12f3d47475b","nativeRecordCid":"2d957914-a28b-4f1b-b44a-1fa5b5e1f541","documentId":"osft-doc-1027","id":"c122","text":"How to implement CARE in the data community and how to use FAIR with CARE in data applications remain unclear and warrant further exploration.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"implementing CARE in data community","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Less clear and worthy of exploring are how to implement CARE in \nthe data community and how to use FAIR with CARE in data applications.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1027/c123","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/65489dc8ee5a4e00","nativeRecordCid":"e204cbee-6a0a-470e-8dc2-ac917e4b8bdd","documentId":"osft-doc-1027","id":"c123","text":"Indigenous data should not be misused.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"","subject":"Indigenous data misuse","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"It would be regretful for Indigenous \ndata to be misused.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1027/c124","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/15053a1cbaed4765","nativeRecordCid":"147dbd16-40f5-440b-beab-51e94936e52c","documentId":"osft-doc-1027","id":"c124","text":"Indigenous data should not be left aside due to lack of identifiers such as provenance or attribution metadata or unfamiliarity with interacting with Indigenous Peoples or their data.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"","subject":"exclusion of Indigenous data","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"It is equally regrettable that Indigenous data are left aside due to lack of identifiers such \nas provenance or attribution metadata or unfamiliarity with interacting with Indigenous Peoples or their data.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1027/c125","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/d4c1ae2737fc439e","nativeRecordCid":"d2356afb-45a8-4667-b077-6bf3aabc916b","documentId":"osft-doc-1027","id":"c125","text":"Exclusion of Indigenous data essentially erases Indigenous Peoples and interests from data related futures.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"exclusion of Indigenous data","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Exclusion of Indigenous data essentially erases Indigenous Peoples and interests from data related futures due \nto the perceived additional work because of uncertainty.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1027/c126","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/350dc73aca574bb8","nativeRecordCid":"56e61065-f07b-43f5-b16e-0a29f2e9fdf8","documentId":"osft-doc-1027","id":"c126","text":"The solution should be simple and deliverable even in an automated machine-readable environment.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"","subject":"solution for Indigenous data handling","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The solution should be simple and deliverable even in an automated machine-readable \nenvironment.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1027/c127","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/83634fb728d340ff","nativeRecordCid":"e392e241-8438-4a89-a0e4-fc00a7ffb447","documentId":"osft-doc-1027","id":"c127","text":"There is a need to develop criteria and tools to implement the CARE Principles with FAIR.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"","subject":"criteria and tools for CARE","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"There is a need to develop criteria and tools to \nimplement the CARE Principles with FAIR.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1027/c128","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/9f617d6749264d0a","nativeRecordCid":"f3a720ef-0b20-49cb-b226-b6e13964cd8b","documentId":"osft-doc-1027","id":"c128","text":"Similar work could be done for CARE to achieve consensus and agreement on practical implementation.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"CARE consensus work","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Similar work could be done for CARE to achieve \nthe consensus and agreement on the practical implementation.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1027/c129","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/d9efadc2b370451e","nativeRecordCid":"1ae8f682-6608-4d26-8521-53a378b8b8d2","documentId":"osft-doc-1027","id":"c129","text":"The working method and experience of the FAIR Data Maturity Model Working Group could support GIDA and the International Indigenous Data Sovereignty Interest Group to develop the CARE criteria with broad community input.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"FAIR Data Maturity Model Working Group experience","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The working method and experience of the FAIR \nData Maturity Model Working Group could support GIDA and the International Indigenous Data Sovereignty \nInterest Group to develop the CARE criteria with broad community input, which was used in both the drafting of \nthe CARE Principles and the FAIR Data Maturity Model.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1027/c130","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/1722eb1549764514","nativeRecordCid":"72d26ee4-66dd-42fa-b33e-29626784dd68","documentId":"osft-doc-1027","id":"c130","text":"Broad community input was used in both the drafting of the CARE Principles and the FAIR Data Maturity Model.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"broad community input","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The working method and experience of the FAIR \nData Maturity Model Working Group could support GIDA and the International Indigenous Data Sovereignty \nInterest Group to develop the CARE criteria with broad community input, which was used in both the drafting of \nthe CARE Principles and the FAIR Data Maturity Model.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1027/c131","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/08b90814bafa44d0","nativeRecordCid":"63b44943-0f8f-4c9b-b6ca-e69ecde0aa3c","documentId":"osft-doc-1027","id":"c131","text":"The CARE Principles are the first attempt to outline collective rights as part of openness.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"CARE Principles","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The CARE Principles are the first \nattempt to outline collective rights as part of openness.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1027/c132","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/0cd430d522c444f7","nativeRecordCid":"771cc09a-db90-4e1d-b953-aaa77ef70314","documentId":"osft-doc-1027","id":"c132","text":"The CARE Principles should not yet be co-opted into other spaces.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"","subject":"co-optation of CARE Principles","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"We caution the co-optation of the CARE Principles into other spaces just yet.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1027/c133","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/ebd296623dbd4af2","nativeRecordCid":"21e05901-9e05-4d71-8f21-f17e5bcb5184","documentId":"osft-doc-1027","id":"c133","text":"The full criteria for implementation of the CARE Principles have not yet been determined and used.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"CARE Principles implementation criteria","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"As their full criteria for implementation have not yet been determined and used, we must \nleave space for the design and maturity of the CARE Principles to occur within the Indigenous environments \nfrom which they originate.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1027/c134","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/cb17680af25b42b3","nativeRecordCid":"41b23271-7677-47db-ac5f-6bf43d917b3b","documentId":"osft-doc-1027","id":"c134","text":"Space must be left for the design and maturity of the CARE Principles to occur within the Indigenous environments from which they originate.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"","subject":"design and maturity of CARE Principles","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"As their full criteria for implementation have not yet been determined and used, we must \nleave space for the design and maturity of the CARE Principles to occur within the Indigenous environments \nfrom which they originate.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1027/c135","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/e40b042a9744473d","nativeRecordCid":"2f95e2ab-b8df-4e3c-82c2-41c7fb2358f7","documentId":"osft-doc-1027","id":"c135","text":"Using Indigenous innovation as a best practice to develop similar principles or criteria benefits other communities with collective rights, such as minoritized groups, geographically located communities, special professions, or consumers.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"Indigenous innovation as best practice","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"While we recommend the time and space for future design, we fully recognize the \nbenefits of using that Indigenous innovation as a best practice to develop similar principles/criteria for other com-\nmunities with collective rights e.g., minoritized groups, geographically located communities, special professions, \nor consumers.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1027/c136","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/f0d7e9b359e1441e","nativeRecordCid":"d484be33-3150-4759-8951-ded8fe88ec4c","documentId":"osft-doc-1027","id":"c136","text":"Applying Indigenous design as a best practice for other communities with collective rights could be aligned to FAIR if the decision point for consent can be identified and approached in an automated, machine-actionable way.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"Indigenous design and FAIR alignment","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"This could be aligned to FAIR, if the “decision point” described in the first point can be identified \nand approached in an automated, machine-actionable way.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1027/c137","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/c5cf0fb151c1477f","nativeRecordCid":"7d5e35b9-4950-4a50-ad73-3dd4a17a2bf2","documentId":"osft-doc-1027","id":"c137","text":"Indigenous data must be both FAIR and CARE, from data creation to data reuse.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"","subject":"Indigenous data","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The discussion at the joint sessions underscored the need for Indigenous data to be both FAIR and CARE, \nfrom data creation to data reuse.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1027/c138","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/6f0969c140284de9","nativeRecordCid":"f1a83f4e-0572-4751-9981-3b130d99d91f","documentId":"osft-doc-1027","id":"c138","text":"FAIR and CARE are complementary perspectives which enable maximum value through the appropriate and ethical reuse of Indigenous data.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"FAIR and CARE","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"FAIR and CARE are complementary perspectives which enable maximum value \nthrough the appropriate and ethical reuse of Indigenous data.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1027/c139","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/17c165c346f646e3","nativeRecordCid":"c7119533-3b8b-4ebe-a2c3-d2d7666472c7","documentId":"osft-doc-1027","id":"c139","text":"Assessing the FAIR-ness of a data set is typically a technical exercise which can be done independently by the researcher to prepare the final data set for reuse.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"assessing FAIR-ness","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"However, assessing the FAIR-ness of a data set is typically a technical exercise which can be done independently by the researcher to prepare the final data set for \nreuse.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1027/c140","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/258dc5200fe14b89","nativeRecordCid":"8de879eb-9aed-4926-9762-7bf2af37e8eb","documentId":"osft-doc-1027","id":"c140","text":"The CARE Principles require engagement with people to address the cultural, ethical, legal, and social dimensions associated with the intended uses of the dataset.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"","subject":"CARE Principles engagement requirement","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"On the other hand, the CARE Principles require engagement with people to address the cultural, ethical, \nlegal, and social dimensions associated with the intended uses of the dataset.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1027/c141","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/37b4e3758391410f","nativeRecordCid":"0f512b95-6e8e-4103-9b80-060c62666dfb","documentId":"osft-doc-1027","id":"c141","text":"Indigenous communities expect CARE-full data practices to be enacted at each step of the data lifecycle.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"Indigenous communities' expectations","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"As Indigenous communities expect \nCARE-full data practices to be enacted at each step of the data lifecycle, we will need to reflect a broader temporal \ndimension to our application of the CARE Principles.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1027/c142","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/5e035574608c4e7e","nativeRecordCid":"70d1682e-ed83-4086-bc46-49c282979197","documentId":"osft-doc-1027","id":"c142","text":"Application of the CARE Principles must reflect a broader temporal dimension.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"","subject":"application of CARE Principles","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"As Indigenous communities expect \nCARE-full data practices to be enacted at each step of the data lifecycle, we will need to reflect a broader temporal \ndimension to our application of the CARE Principles.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1027/c143","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/2a2be0ab6376400d","nativeRecordCid":"3e6efa22-9c06-42d5-b0b7-320ba42fd493","documentId":"osft-doc-1027","id":"c143","text":"At present there is no process to assess whether a research project meets the CARE Principles.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"CARE Principles assessment process","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"At present there is no process to assess whether a research \nproject meets the CARE Principles.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1027/c144","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/24169d09613b46fc","nativeRecordCid":"f3e003af-3969-4e3b-801d-5dffd6aae18e","documentId":"osft-doc-1027","id":"c144","text":"Creating an assessment of whether research projects meet the CARE Principles represents the next stage towards an equitable cyberinfrastructure that supports the FAIR and CARE-full use of Indigenous data.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"CARE assessment process","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Creating such an assessment represents the next stage towards an equitable \ncyberinfrastructure that supports the FAIR and CARE-full use of Indigenous data.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1031/c1","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/a0d3501fbbb14cf7","nativeRecordCid":"8b921c6b-ca1d-434e-b6a0-81d1e89edeb2","documentId":"osft-doc-1031","id":"c1","text":"There is not one right way to do open science.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"open science","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"What we learned is that there is not one right way to do open science. It requires constant negotiation and reflection, and the process will always differ by context.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1031/c2","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/5aeb664312544718","nativeRecordCid":"d3b5e5bb-9245-4784-b5fd-feef4aafbc05","documentId":"osft-doc-1031","id":"c2","text":"Open science requires constant negotiation and reflection.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"","subject":"open science","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"What we learned is that there is not one right way to do open science. It requires constant negotiation and reflection, and the process will always differ by context.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1031/c3","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/648842ed99dd4086","nativeRecordCid":"b734a43c-2fe7-4475-8011-8db83a0b6392","documentId":"osft-doc-1031","id":"c3","text":"The process of doing open science always differs by context.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"open science process","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"What we learned is that there is not one right way to do open science. It requires constant negotiation and reflection, and the process will always differ by context.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1031/c4","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/ef063d8c6fdd4766","nativeRecordCid":"91cccf0f-4f66-44a4-8d3a-b662270de20e","documentId":"osft-doc-1031","id":"c4","text":"Network-based collaboration is allowing scientific research to be re-imagined as a more open and collaborative process.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"network-based collaboration","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Network-based collaboration is allowing us to re-imagine scientific research as a more open and collaborative process.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1031/c5","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/cb207f3bc5e04d27","nativeRecordCid":"cbe61309-87cb-4f66-8845-950c2ecf6763","documentId":"osft-doc-1031","id":"c5","text":"Open access is encouraging scientists to share their data and research online.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"open access","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Open access\nis encouraging scientists to share their data and research online.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1031/c6","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/427fe0c491d74ec8","nativeRecordCid":"39cf4daa-4eb7-44d0-af37-ed06f3040e56","documentId":"osft-doc-1031","id":"c6","text":"The open-source hardware movement is promoting the independent design of technology.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"open-source hardware movement","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The\nopen-source hardware\n\nmovement\nis promoting the independent design of technology.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1031/c7","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/f365e1f5f10349b0","nativeRecordCid":"c086ffcc-4479-4c4f-8b95-a490e7912bce","documentId":"osft-doc-1031","id":"c7","text":"Citizen science projects are inviting the general public to help scientists collect large amounts of data.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"citizen science projects","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"And\ncitizen science projects\nare inviting the general public to help scientists collect large amounts of data.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1031/c8","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/7b6b41bb64c943fe","nativeRecordCid":"c7796d02-838c-4aa8-8f97-22083010e7c0","documentId":"osft-doc-1031","id":"c8","text":"This model of open science is not making science a more inclusive and representative practice.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"current open science model","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"However, t his model is not making science a more\ninclusive and representative\npractice.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1031/c9","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/d7889ebf143447bb","nativeRecordCid":"49c766ed-582c-4635-9b2d-b54f631a702b","documentId":"osft-doc-1031","id":"c9","text":"Many scientists around the world continue to be underrepresented and excluded from scientific research.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"scientists worldwide","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"M any scientists around the world continue to be\nunderrepresented and excluded\nfrom scientific research","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1031/c10","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/c35b77d3357a45c1","nativeRecordCid":"76dff1be-fcd6-4571-b814-0087dc8265e1","documentId":"osft-doc-1031","id":"c10","text":"New technologies continue to exclude those with limited digital rights.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"new technologies","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"New technologies continue to exclude those with\nlimited digital rights\n.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1031/c11","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/4eb61cae1ce84a6d","nativeRecordCid":"d853fb18-f162-4670-8b13-6e639755c974","documentId":"osft-doc-1031","id":"c11","text":"Citizens rarely get to shape the research agenda.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"citizens","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"And citizens rarely get to\nshape the research agenda.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1031/c12","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/1f882dfe38d74bfd","nativeRecordCid":"dfa0caa3-5f7f-445c-9687-46ffb3893fe2","documentId":"osft-doc-1031","id":"c12","text":"This model of open science is not challenging the core values of science.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"current open science model","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"This model of open science is not challenging the\ncore values\nof science.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1031/c13","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/d6a21d4b5b734c11","nativeRecordCid":"69dfa760-f374-4e0e-a23b-c09bf45ada5a","documentId":"osft-doc-1031","id":"c13","text":"This model of open science is reproducing and amplifying global inequalities in scientific research.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"current open science model","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Instead, it is reproducing and amplifying global inequalities in scientific research, defeating its purpose of making science more\nopen.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1031/c14","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/d4c7ed99b92b4223","nativeRecordCid":"22515f9f-924f-4fe0-a01b-0ee5e4622cd0","documentId":"osft-doc-1031","id":"c14","text":"This model of open science is defeating the purpose of making science more open.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"current open science model","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Instead, it is reproducing and amplifying global inequalities in scientific research, defeating its purpose of making science more\nopen.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1031/c15","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/2375aa41def54011","nativeRecordCid":"9db00ffe-9994-4b72-83f6-75e80987793f","documentId":"osft-doc-1031","id":"c15","text":"It must be asked what values have been absent from existing discussions about science.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"","subject":"values absent from discussions","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"We need to ask ourselves what\nvalues\nhave been absent from existing discussions.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1031/c16","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/4af6d856c2ed411f","nativeRecordCid":"272dca4f-649c-4245-a513-09f9d3103eab","documentId":"osft-doc-1031","id":"c16","text":"Open and Collaborative Science enables a knowledge commons where every individual has the means to decide how their knowledge is governed and managed to address their needs.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"Open and Collaborative Science","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Enables a\nknowledge commons\nwhere every individual has the means to decide how their knowledge is\ngoverned and managed\nto address their needs","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1031/c17","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/0aeac35580ab4667","nativeRecordCid":"03cabaaf-57dc-43dc-b7c6-8754a25147bf","documentId":"osft-doc-1031","id":"c17","text":"Open and Collaborative Science recognizes cognitive justice.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"Open and Collaborative Science","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"It recognizes\ncognitive justice\n, the need for\ndiverse\nunderstandings of knowledge making to co-exist in scientific production","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1031/c18","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/cc1aa56a85194f58","nativeRecordCid":"30c5b4fc-4f18-4825-8568-758e66fc0a23","documentId":"osft-doc-1031","id":"c18","text":"Cognitive justice is the need for diverse understandings of knowledge making to co-exist in scientific production.","kind":"definitional","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"cognitive justice","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"It recognizes\ncognitive justice\n, the need for\ndiverse\nunderstandings of knowledge making to co-exist in scientific production","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1031/c19","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/01c8353589164dcb","nativeRecordCid":"548cd32e-58a8-487a-a407-4600fbedc34f","documentId":"osft-doc-1031","id":"c19","text":"Open and Collaborative Science practices situated openness by addressing the ways in which context, power and inequality condition scientific research.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"Open and Collaborative Science","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"It p ractices\nsituated openness\nby addressing the ways in which\nc\nontext, power\nand\ninequality\ncondition scientific research","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1031/c20","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/95bc934fc4f7462e","nativeRecordCid":"cb8bc9e4-0ab1-4e2e-ae40-bbc93f9bf403","documentId":"osft-doc-1031","id":"c20","text":"Open and Collaborative Science advocates for every individual's right to research.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"Open and Collaborative Science","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"It advocates for every individual’s\nright to research\nand enables different forms of\nparticipation\nat all stages of the research process.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1031/c21","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/69ce17f0363d43dc","nativeRecordCid":"f286d2b9-db82-40e3-9376-141192a04baf","documentId":"osft-doc-1031","id":"c21","text":"Open and Collaborative Science enables different forms of participation at all stages of the research process.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"Open and Collaborative Science","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"It advocates for every individual’s\nright to research\nand enables different forms of\nparticipation\nat all stages of the research process.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1031/c22","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/2eb58956d73b4b7c","nativeRecordCid":"f0e203ed-259a-4c18-b142-ded9dcdc4479","documentId":"osft-doc-1031","id":"c22","text":"Open and Collaborative Science fosters equitable collaboration between scientists and social actors.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"Open and Collaborative Science","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"It fosters\nequitable collaboration\nbetween scientists and social actors and cultivates\nco-creation\nand social innovation in society","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1031/c23","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/87945cafd37c4250","nativeRecordCid":"34453813-482c-46c2-a9bd-cd0b10b7c412","documentId":"osft-doc-1031","id":"c23","text":"Open and Collaborative Science cultivates co-creation in society.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"Open and Collaborative Science","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"It fosters\nequitable collaboration\nbetween scientists and social actors and cultivates\nco-creation\nand social innovation in society","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1031/c24","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/18057ac51a4f427d","nativeRecordCid":"e05dfe38-46b3-4bd8-ae6c-15cdd787864a","documentId":"osft-doc-1031","id":"c24","text":"Open and Collaborative Science cultivates social innovation in society.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"Open and Collaborative Science","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"It fosters\nequitable collaboration\nbetween scientists and social actors and cultivates\nco-creation\nand social innovation in society","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1031/c25","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/9644a4a7488a41ac","nativeRecordCid":"cadfcbb6-425b-4cec-bd04-828645e0b5d3","documentId":"osft-doc-1031","id":"c25","text":"Open and Collaborative Science incentivizes inclusive infrastructures that empower people of all abilities to make and use accessible open-source technologies.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"Open and Collaborative Science","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"It incentivizes\ninclusive infrastructures\nthat empower people of\nall abilities\nto m ake, and use accessible open-source technologies.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1031/c26","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/f5ae52c2d95a427b","nativeRecordCid":"398d525f-9d7f-4163-8700-968eede03776","documentId":"osft-doc-1031","id":"c26","text":"Open and Collaborative Science strives to use knowledge as a pathway to sustainable development, equipping every individual to improve the well-being of our society and planet.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"Open and Collaborative Science","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"strives to use knowledge as a pathway to\nsustainable development,\nequipping every individual to improve the\nwell-being\nof our society and planet","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1039/c1","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/53edc7a330bf4c19","nativeRecordCid":"95b46a29-0e38-492e-ba37-f1b4a57b9df1","documentId":"osft-doc-1039","id":"c1","text":"Qualitative psychologists in the United Kingdom are obliged to produce outputs for submission to the Research Excellence Framework exercise (REF).","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"qualitative psychologists in the UK","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The guideline intended as a pragmatic tool to support qualitative psychologists in the United Kingdom who are obliged to produce outputs for submission to the Research Excellence Framework exercise (REF).","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1039/c2","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/0b04f9879a3c4a51","nativeRecordCid":"e5422e97-eb50-4544-b593-2af8918d76c8","documentId":"osft-doc-1039","id":"c2","text":"Qualitative psychologists may find it useful to understand their REF outputs as a very specific task to complete.","kind":"normative","modality":"may","actor":"qualitative psychologists","subject":"REF outputs","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"We suggest that it may be useful to understand one's REF outputs as a very specific task to complete, and offer a number of suggestions to think about when writing for the REF.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1039/c3","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/274c0269893d426f","nativeRecordCid":"9c5e98d7-b50a-4e2e-93d4-ab4a464d2bef","documentId":"osft-doc-1039","id":"c3","text":"Researchers should familiarise themselves with and clearly address the REF criteria of significance, originality and rigour in their writing.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"qualitative psychologists","subject":"REF criteria of significance, originality and rigour","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Familiarise yourself with and clearly address the REF criteria of significance, originality and rigour in your writing.","representedInStars":false}
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{"key":"osft-doc-1124/c10","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/82451dc7746b4135","nativeRecordCid":"186e8707-80a7-43ee-8407-79b8be934737","documentId":"osft-doc-1124","id":"c10","text":"Open access has so far been limited to small portions of the journal literature.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"open access availability","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"For various reasons, this kind of free and unrestricted online availability, which we will call\nopen access\n, has so far been limited to small portions of the journal literature.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1124/c11","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/a45ae2ea9d78471e","nativeRecordCid":"53aa535e-3213-4e46-a951-bb6cc8711c6b","documentId":"osft-doc-1124","id":"c11","text":"Open access is economically feasible.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"open access","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"But even in these limited collections, many different initiatives have shown that open access is economically feasible, that it gives readers extraordinary power to find and make use of relevant literature, and that it gives authors and their works vast and measurable new visibility, readership, and impact.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1124/c12","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/1295c4785b7e4ac9","nativeRecordCid":"535d397e-b409-4f43-9157-9099c12d3c7c","documentId":"osft-doc-1124","id":"c12","text":"Open access gives readers extraordinary power to find and make use of relevant literature.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"open access","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"But even in these limited collections, many different initiatives have shown that open access is economically feasible, that it gives readers extraordinary power to find and make use of relevant literature, and that it gives authors and their works vast and measurable new visibility, readership, and impact.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1124/c13","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/3cf9f7a7e17f466b","nativeRecordCid":"e755fbb1-174b-415a-b1b3-6a980ef7344f","documentId":"osft-doc-1124","id":"c13","text":"Open access gives authors and their works vast and measurable new visibility, readership, and impact.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"open access","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"But even in these limited collections, many different initiatives have shown that open access is economically feasible, that it gives readers extraordinary power to find and make use of relevant literature, and that it gives authors and their works vast and measurable new visibility, readership, and impact.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1124/c14","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/ef7998ec7cd84bd9","nativeRecordCid":"a09acb88-99c7-40d8-9734-74acae139bb3","documentId":"osft-doc-1124","id":"c14","text":"Interested institutions and individuals should help open up access to the rest of the peer-reviewed journal literature.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"interested institutions and individuals","subject":"opening up access to the literature","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"To secure these benefits for all, we call on all interested institutions and individuals to help open up access to the rest of this literature and remove the barriers, especially the price barriers, that stand in the way.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1124/c15","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/85c4bfe810a9450a","nativeRecordCid":"8637569e-7c5e-4c13-9d10-083854a933a7","documentId":"osft-doc-1124","id":"c15","text":"Interested institutions and individuals should remove the barriers, especially the price barriers, that stand in the way of open access.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"interested institutions and individuals","subject":"barriers to open access","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"To secure these benefits for all, we call on all interested institutions and individuals to help open up access to the rest of this literature and remove the barriers, especially the price barriers, that stand in the way.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1124/c16","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/6106c028e218453a","nativeRecordCid":"3fd35b57-84d3-443e-a178-49179c641989","documentId":"osft-doc-1124","id":"c16","text":"The more people who join the effort to advance open access, the sooner its benefits will be enjoyed by all.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"joining the effort to advance open access","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The more who join the effort to advance this cause, the sooner we will all enjoy the benefits of open access.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1124/c17","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/071ccfa3800b4c2f","nativeRecordCid":"17008a87-746a-403e-bcce-8cc854621ee8","documentId":"osft-doc-1124","id":"c17","text":"The literature that should be freely accessible online is that which scholars give to the world without expectation of payment.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"","subject":"literature scholars give without expectation of payment","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The literature that should be freely accessible online is that which scholars give to the world without expectation of payment.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1124/c18","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/38e0cd11a202482b","nativeRecordCid":"29f71aa1-b3b0-443c-9382-78da4f03e81a","documentId":"osft-doc-1124","id":"c18","text":"The literature that should be freely accessible online primarily encompasses scholars' peer-reviewed journal articles.","kind":"definitional","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"literature that should be freely accessible online","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Primarily, this category encompasses their peer-reviewed journal articles, but it also includes any unreviewed preprints that they might wish to put online for comment or to alert colleagues to important research findings.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1124/c19","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/d91c3cc2ee5a41a0","nativeRecordCid":"963c32d5-0b85-4dc2-881c-95351fb0280f","documentId":"osft-doc-1124","id":"c19","text":"The literature that should be freely accessible online also includes unreviewed preprints that scholars might wish to put online for comment or to alert colleagues to important research findings.","kind":"definitional","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"literature that should be freely accessible online","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Primarily, this category encompasses their peer-reviewed journal articles, but it also includes any unreviewed preprints that they might wish to put online for comment or to alert colleagues to important research findings.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1124/c20","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/c2467a8e04e843fa","nativeRecordCid":"7e94fe8e-5ba3-43f0-96ea-b272b972d816","documentId":"osft-doc-1124","id":"c20","text":"There are many degrees and kinds of wider and easier access to scholarly literature.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"degrees and kinds of access to literature","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"There are many degrees and kinds of wider and easier access to this literature.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1124/c21","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/8dd9db5065284195","nativeRecordCid":"1300f5a4-40a4-4dc5-a4f7-78275fdd6ad0","documentId":"osft-doc-1124","id":"c21","text":"Open access to scholarly literature means its free availability on the public internet, permitting any user to read, download, copy, distribute, print, search, link to, crawl, or otherwise lawfully use the full texts of the articles, without financial, legal, or technical barriers beyond those inseparable from internet access itself.","kind":"definitional","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"open access to scholarly literature","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"By “open access” to this literature, we mean its free availability on the public internet, permitting any users to read, download, copy, distribute, print, search, or link to the full texts of these articles, crawl them for indexing, pass them as data to software, or use them for any other lawful purpose, without financial, legal, or technical barriers other than those inseparable from gaining access to the internet itself.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1124/c22","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/77d76e00b1294b6a","nativeRecordCid":"1dcbe286-b2ae-4916-8341-b46eb431890a","documentId":"osft-doc-1124","id":"c22","text":"The only constraint on reproduction and distribution of open-access literature, and the only role for copyright in this domain, should be to give authors control over the integrity of their work.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"","subject":"copyright's role in open access","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The only constraint on reproduction and distribution, and the only role for copyright in this domain, should be to give authors control over the integrity of their work and the right to be properly acknowledged and cited.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1124/c23","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/4f8706ba689f45e7","nativeRecordCid":"dcfa0e4f-f164-4a37-b4ee-6e07e125af72","documentId":"osft-doc-1124","id":"c23","text":"The only constraint on reproduction and distribution of open-access literature, and the only role for copyright in this domain, should be to give authors the right to be properly acknowledged and cited.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"","subject":"copyright's role in open access","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The only constraint on reproduction and distribution, and the only role for copyright in this domain, should be to give authors control over the integrity of their work and the right to be properly acknowledged and cited.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1124/c24","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/205703a549cf4190","nativeRecordCid":"f9d5568a-03fb-460b-9a5f-a918e3336158","documentId":"osft-doc-1124","id":"c24","text":"The peer-reviewed journal literature should be accessible online without cost to readers.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"","subject":"peer-reviewed journal literature","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"While  the peer-reviewed journal literature should be accessible online without cost to readers, it is not costless to produce.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1124/c25","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/144773f655304258","nativeRecordCid":"4a5ffd97-45df-409f-ae8d-ebaaf0595070","documentId":"osft-doc-1124","id":"c25","text":"The peer-reviewed journal literature is not costless to produce.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"peer-reviewed journal literature","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"While  the peer-reviewed journal literature should be accessible online without cost to readers, it is not costless to produce.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1124/c26","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/8d222e4f6c9041ef","nativeRecordCid":"7a03dd3e-8035-4eed-97d4-62e3fdbaaa08","documentId":"osft-doc-1124","id":"c26","text":"The overall costs of providing open access to the peer-reviewed journal literature are far lower than the costs of traditional forms of dissemination.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"costs of providing open access","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"However, experiments show that the overall costs of providing open access to this literature are far lower than the costs of traditional forms of dissemination.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1124/c27","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/26e73d2343ec47a1","nativeRecordCid":"fa86e6e2-cb8a-47bb-9321-2daaf327a785","documentId":"osft-doc-1124","id":"c27","text":"There is a strong incentive for professional associations, universities, libraries, foundations, and others to embrace open access as a means of advancing their missions.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"incentive to embrace open access","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"With such an opportunity to save money and expand the scope of dissemination at the same time, there is today a strong incentive for professional associations, universities, libraries, foundations, and others to embrace open access as a means of advancing their missions.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1124/c28","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/a6ca4e718bf649d8","nativeRecordCid":"13b9b653-f571-4387-9a25-322789ebc96b","documentId":"osft-doc-1124","id":"c28","text":"Achieving open access requires new cost recovery models and financing mechanisms.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"","subject":"achieving open access","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Achieving open access will require new cost recovery models and financing mechanisms, but the significantly lower overall cost of dissemination is a reason to be confident that the goal is attainable and not merely preferable or utopian.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1124/c29","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/7f8f5c857eb94ea7","nativeRecordCid":"6d40747e-f061-4adc-9631-07e062dea249","documentId":"osft-doc-1124","id":"c29","text":"Open access is an attainable goal, not merely preferable or utopian.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"attainability of the open access goal","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Achieving open access will require new cost recovery models and financing mechanisms, but the significantly lower overall cost of dissemination is a reason to be confident that the goal is attainable and not merely preferable or utopian.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1124/c30","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/6e8f04ca640e46f5","nativeRecordCid":"08ed816c-c7e8-4331-89e0-83e211c8b9d3","documentId":"osft-doc-1124","id":"c30","text":"Scholars need the tools and assistance to deposit their refereed journal articles in open electronic archives.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"","subject":"tools and assistance for self-archiving","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"First, scholars need the tools and assistance to deposit their refereed journal articles in open electronic archives, a practice commonly called, self-archiving\n.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1124/c31","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/f18f255ded044d92","nativeRecordCid":"1076b752-beca-431a-b820-b3c49a8842cc","documentId":"osft-doc-1124","id":"c31","text":"When open electronic archives conform to standards created by the Open Archives Initiative, search engines and other tools can treat the separate archives as one.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"archives conforming to Open Archives Initiative standards","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"When these archives conform to standards created by the\nOpen Archives Initiative\n, then search engines and other tools can treat the separate archives as one.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1124/c32","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/deb4d9a5067d41a8","nativeRecordCid":"43507710-1c47-4a85-9eb9-10d90d477dff","documentId":"osft-doc-1124","id":"c32","text":"Users need not know which archives exist or where they are located in order to find and make use of their contents.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"users locating archive contents","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Users then need not know which archives exist or where they are located in order to find and make use of their contents.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1124/c33","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/e9f0101d9ce14f4f","nativeRecordCid":"88dec891-f384-4803-a3e7-c81eadf5311c","documentId":"osft-doc-1124","id":"c33","text":"Scholars need the means to launch a new generation of journals committed to open access.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"","subject":"means to launch open-access journals","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Second, scholars need the means to launch a new generation of journals committed to open access, and to help existing journals that elect to make the transition to open access.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1124/c34","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/caa3e1fd4f0746b0","nativeRecordCid":"2eb42287-4416-49e5-9317-64e9f571c299","documentId":"osft-doc-1124","id":"c34","text":"Scholars need the means to help existing journals that elect to make the transition to open access.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"","subject":"means to help journals transition to open access","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Second, scholars need the means to launch a new generation of journals committed to open access, and to help existing journals that elect to make the transition to open access.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1124/c35","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/586aead5fd1e4f5a","nativeRecordCid":"ab03781b-e5eb-49e0-ae56-735e94608a5b","documentId":"osft-doc-1124","id":"c35","text":"Journal articles should be disseminated as widely as possible.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"","subject":"journal articles","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Because journal articles should be disseminated as widely as possible, these new journals will no longer invoke copyright to restrict access to and use of the material they publish.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1124/c36","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/fad6c360fca54301","nativeRecordCid":"cea07c44-e078-4a7e-9f3b-8661b499e52e","documentId":"osft-doc-1124","id":"c36","text":"New open-access journals will no longer invoke copyright to restrict access to and use of the material they publish.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"new open-access journals","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Because journal articles should be disseminated as widely as possible, these new journals will no longer invoke copyright to restrict access to and use of the material they publish.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1124/c37","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/b87d7426757741c3","nativeRecordCid":"680dadcd-f596-4e16-a164-0a324741670e","documentId":"osft-doc-1124","id":"c37","text":"New open-access journals will use copyright and other tools to ensure permanent open access to all the articles they publish.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"new open-access journals","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Instead they will use copyright and other tools to ensure permanent open access to all the articles they publish.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1124/c38","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/d6d68e3c9945462b","nativeRecordCid":"9ef10122-d3a2-43c8-9953-37e22d157349","documentId":"osft-doc-1124","id":"c38","text":"Price is a barrier to access.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"price as a barrier to access","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Because price is a barrier to access, these new journals will not charge subscription or access fees, and will turn to other methods for covering their expenses.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1124/c39","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/a688559a6a744b33","nativeRecordCid":"bf8129bf-9dd4-4e01-98d8-7985783d4b4b","documentId":"osft-doc-1124","id":"c39","text":"New open-access journals will not charge subscription or access fees.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"new open-access journals","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Because price is a barrier to access, these new journals will not charge subscription or access fees, and will turn to other methods for covering their expenses.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1124/c40","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/0ba132aa3ded4372","nativeRecordCid":"bf462bb2-78ef-48f0-ade7-3ddc761f07d6","documentId":"osft-doc-1124","id":"c40","text":"New open-access journals will turn to other methods for covering their expenses.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"new open-access journals","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Because price is a barrier to access, these new journals will not charge subscription or access fees, and will turn to other methods for covering their expenses.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1124/c41","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/968465a34df1401d","nativeRecordCid":"d9f9882c-b71f-4891-a318-cb07e1203372","documentId":"osft-doc-1124","id":"c41","text":"Open access to peer-reviewed journal literature is the goal.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"the goal of the initiative","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Open access to peer-reviewed journal literature is the goal.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1124/c42","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/9560a4e37c1f4b4c","nativeRecordCid":"016c72d1-13a4-47cf-974c-e8152326ffc8","documentId":"osft-doc-1124","id":"c42","text":"Self-archiving and a new generation of open-access journals are the ways to attain the goal of open access.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"means of attaining open access","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Self-archiving (I.)\nand a new generation of\nopen-access journals (II.)\nare the ways to attain this goal.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1124/c43","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/726252d2506f4b06","nativeRecordCid":"a2f4bc70-dcd6-4201-ae9d-01040143ae1a","documentId":"osft-doc-1124","id":"c43","text":"Self-archiving and open-access journals are direct and effective means to achieving open access.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"self-archiving and open-access journals","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"They are not only direct and effective means to this end, they are within the reach of scholars themselves, immediately, and need not wait on changes brought about by markets or legislation.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1124/c44","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/9849b98706fb4df3","nativeRecordCid":"359bbf4d-8d0d-42b8-b6bc-5e4a8f1442b9","documentId":"osft-doc-1124","id":"c44","text":"Self-archiving and open-access journals are within the reach of scholars themselves, immediately, and need not wait on changes brought about by markets or legislation.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"self-archiving and open-access journals","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"They are not only direct and effective means to this end, they are within the reach of scholars themselves, immediately, and need not wait on changes brought about by markets or legislation.","representedInStars":true}
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{"key":"osft-doc-1124/c46","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/2de4d4d502404c53","nativeRecordCid":"bf14a458-a19d-4b7f-adff-c15e9d0d49a6","documentId":"osft-doc-1124","id":"c46","text":"Flexibility, experimentation, and adaptation to local circumstances are the best ways to assure that progress toward open access in diverse settings will be rapid, secure, and long-lived.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"flexibility, experimentation, and local adaptation","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Flexibility, experimentation, and adaptation to local circumstances are the best ways to assure that progress in diverse settings will be rapid, secure, and long-lived.","representedInStars":true}
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{"key":"osft-doc-1193/c18","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/b2e1adb415d3478a","nativeRecordCid":"d8879261-31be-4837-941a-55cf485a9db5","documentId":"osft-doc-1193","id":"c18","text":"Enhancing OSF's security, safety, and privacy strengthens interdisciplinary work.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"OSF security, safety, and privacy improvements","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"This contributes to a more\nrobust infrastructure for research and education, aligns with key NSF priorities, and strengthens\ninterdisciplinary work.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1193/c19","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/c4025e3fce4342c2","nativeRecordCid":"6652baad-6941-4f78-958b-e41fcff6bc87","documentId":"osft-doc-1193","id":"c19","text":"Enhancing OSF's security, safety, and privacy accelerates the advancement of scientific knowledge by promoting rigor, reproducibility, and efficient reuse of research outputs.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"OSF security, safety, and privacy improvements","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"It accelerates the advancement of scientific knowledge by promoting rigor,\nreproducibility, and efficient reuse of research outputs.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1193/c20","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/d08137ed8bd84fd0","nativeRecordCid":"0b1a73a4-fc2b-418e-b679-3ea42bd947f6","documentId":"osft-doc-1193","id":"c20","text":"A more secure and resilient OSF fosters broader participation from all Americans including early-career researchers and citizen scientists.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"a more secure and resilient OSF","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"A more secure and resilient OSF fosters broader\nparticipation from all Americans including early-career researchers and citizen scientists, while enhancing\npublic trust and engagement.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1193/c21","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/356b9eee059240ca","nativeRecordCid":"a1e06f1e-0c5d-42dd-81d5-5091c1939fc6","documentId":"osft-doc-1193","id":"c21","text":"A more secure and resilient OSF enhances public trust and engagement.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"a more secure and resilient OSF","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"A more secure and resilient OSF fosters broader\nparticipation from all Americans including early-career researchers and citizen scientists, while enhancing\npublic trust and engagement.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1193/c22","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/d56bb9d668bb43db","nativeRecordCid":"2028cb99-aa59-4b39-ae4b-76b4e1f346ad","documentId":"osft-doc-1193","id":"c22","text":"These improvements support evidence-based policy.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"OSF security and resilience improvements","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"These improvements support evidence-based policy, improve societal well-\nbeing, and uphold research as a public good.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1193/c23","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/33458ac00daf40fb","nativeRecordCid":"10c5d19f-db6b-413e-b0d2-19b86767fce5","documentId":"osft-doc-1193","id":"c23","text":"These improvements improve societal well-being.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"OSF security and resilience improvements","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"These improvements support evidence-based policy, improve societal well-\nbeing, and uphold research as a public good.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1193/c24","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/43d59f3360a149f3","nativeRecordCid":"01ea9845-1cf2-450a-b3e1-ee1cbf17d104","documentId":"osft-doc-1193","id":"c24","text":"These improvements uphold research as a public good.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"OSF security and resilience improvements","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"These improvements support evidence-based policy, improve societal well-\nbeing, and uphold research as a public good.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1193/c25","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/bc0d3cb688e94925","nativeRecordCid":"ad3ae25c-ad3f-4dba-9245-41de48442d69","documentId":"osft-doc-1193","id":"c25","text":"OSF contributes to the development of a globally competitive, open science-ready workforce by equipping learners with ethical and technical skills.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"OSF","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Moreover, by equipping learners with ethical and technical\nskills, OSF contributes to the development of a globally competitive, open science-ready workforce.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1193/c26","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/a6f6b8854353426b","nativeRecordCid":"b50237ed-c40c-4ca9-8f54-062266aa037b","documentId":"osft-doc-1193","id":"c26","text":"Strengthened compliance and trust frameworks position OSF as a valuable partner for industry and private sector collaboration.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"compliance and trust frameworks","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Finally, strengthened compliance and trust frameworks position OSF as a\nvaluable partner for industry and private sector collaboration, further advancing lifecycle open science\npractices.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1193/c27","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/e935ffc772884d33","nativeRecordCid":"55978b2c-d770-4c03-b2ff-415c6df65e59","documentId":"osft-doc-1193","id":"c27","text":"Strengthened compliance and trust frameworks advance lifecycle open science practices.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"compliance and trust frameworks","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Finally, strengthened compliance and trust frameworks position OSF as a\nvaluable partner for industry and private sector collaboration, further advancing lifecycle open science\npractices.","representedInStars":false}
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{"key":"osft-doc-1193/c30","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/dc5bc47b351747ed","nativeRecordCid":"773e5ba9-0f20-4261-aaa4-30ffaf601336","documentId":"osft-doc-1193","id":"c30","text":"COS and OSF are mature organizations and infrastructures.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"COS and OSF","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"COS and OSF are mature organizations and infrastructures.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1193/c31","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/fb151dbada504947","nativeRecordCid":"8cfbbcf3-3992-467d-b768-51c537b59cc8","documentId":"osft-doc-1193","id":"c31","text":"COS has designed the workflows, built the tool integrations, and maintained the architecture and API since 2013 to offer research communities and stakeholders an open infrastructure for transparency and rigor in research.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"COS","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Since 2013, COS has designed the workflows, built the tool integrations, and maintained the architecture and Application Programming Interface (API) to offer research communities and stakeholders an open infrastructure for transparency and rigor in research.","representedInStars":false}
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{"key":"osft-doc-1193/c33","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/42a1d05acb384e43","nativeRecordCid":"3e860cea-b64d-47ad-952b-02c2398f77fc","documentId":"osft-doc-1193","id":"c33","text":"OSF is part of a broader network of infrastructure services and community tools that supports the needs of research communities in implementing open research practices.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"OSF","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"OSF is part of a broader network of infrastructure services and community tools that supports the needs of research communities in implementing open research practices.","representedInStars":false}
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{"key":"osft-doc-1193/c35","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/4313ed92d7dd42af","nativeRecordCid":"da32aa00-3a8e-447c-9c6c-42555ce7d145","documentId":"osft-doc-1193","id":"c35","text":"The OSE deepens the potential for co-creation and development.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"OSE","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The OSE enables these collaborations and deepens the potential for co-creation and development.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1193/c36","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/0a168910466a4b7d","nativeRecordCid":"e6033c27-35ae-46f6-9a4b-751d4c5bcc17","documentId":"osft-doc-1193","id":"c36","text":"OSF was designed to have minimal impediments to adopting open science as a key component of a culture change strategy.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"OSF design","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"As a key component of a culture change strategy, we designed OSF to have minimal\nimpediments to adopting open science.","representedInStars":false}
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{"key":"osft-doc-1193/c40","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/743492ded2d9422c","nativeRecordCid":"cfd3cc45-3911-4133-8cb1-9299687a5b8c","documentId":"osft-doc-1193","id":"c40","text":"Making OSF content publicly accessible is an easy toggle from private to public.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"OSF content visibility","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"making\nthat content publicly accessible is an easy toggle from private to public.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1193/c41","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/65948bc7bff641d9","nativeRecordCid":"f899558a-37e0-4eda-a658-987f7e3c55ba","documentId":"osft-doc-1193","id":"c41","text":"OSF's low-impediment design has supported non-linear growth over the last decade, meeting the aspirations of OSF's vision and purpose to make it possible and easy to do open science.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"OSF's design","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Over the last decade, this has supported non-linear growth, meeting the aspirations of OSF’s vision and purpose to make it possible and easy to do open science.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1193/c42","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/7ff15d204d8046a7","nativeRecordCid":"3de53933-67cd-4cc9-b6d0-58e26b5a2a4d","documentId":"osft-doc-1193","id":"c42","text":"Sharing research outputs is now in the mainstream.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"sharing of research outputs","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Sharing research outputs is now in the mainstream, and OSF is a very popular service.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1193/c43","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/ac656abb7d4d4aef","nativeRecordCid":"be4904ff-9c80-4ea9-bce3-ed6b94725804","documentId":"osft-doc-1193","id":"c43","text":"OSF is a very popular service.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"OSF","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Sharing research outputs is now in the mainstream, and OSF is a very popular service.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1193/c44","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/77e70c5458ec4244","nativeRecordCid":"af12eddb-ca8d-4ca4-8c1d-31d2c1a16bc3","documentId":"osft-doc-1193","id":"c44","text":"The use of OSF for nonaligned purposes has increased the rate of spam and non-scholarly content being uploaded to OSF.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"use of OSF for nonaligned purposes","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"As a consequence, the use of OSF for nonaligned purposes has increased the rate of spam and non-scholarly content being uploaded to OSF.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1193/c45","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/30fa914e6d7f4c92","nativeRecordCid":"045872e2-e07d-43a8-9ac1-67ad0a9ca330","documentId":"osft-doc-1193","id":"c45","text":"It is unsustainable for COS staff to manually review all content uploaded to OSF for public consumption, given continuing growth.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"manual review of OSF content","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Given the continuing growth, even with our automated methods, it is unsustainable for the small COS staff to manually review all content uploaded for public consumption.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1193/c46","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/e8f9b762360b4a09","nativeRecordCid":"b71454bc-0e78-4979-af49-c33bb8d01840","documentId":"osft-doc-1193","id":"c46","text":"Spam and non-scholarly content on OSF degrades trust in OSF and the scholarly content discoverable there.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"spam and non-scholarly content on OSF","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"To solve this socio-technical vulnerability that degrades the trust in OSF and the scholarly content discoverable there, we will create workflows","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1193/c47","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/6f5c15b085f44e85","nativeRecordCid":"0cf0696d-4ff7-474a-b12a-7a2f5db13ff5","documentId":"osft-doc-1193","id":"c47","text":"Flagging will allow the community to contribute their expertise to identify illegitimate content on OSF.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"content flagging on OSF","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Flagging will allow the community to contribute their expertise to identify illegitimate content, and reduce the maintenance burden by guiding the attention of COS staff to flagged content.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1193/c48","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/33439ccd59c44290","nativeRecordCid":"98a54619-2a1d-46f0-a83c-23a4c49b0e1a","documentId":"osft-doc-1193","id":"c48","text":"Flagging will reduce the maintenance burden on COS staff by guiding their attention to flagged content.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"content flagging on OSF","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Flagging will allow the community to contribute their expertise to identify illegitimate content, and reduce the maintenance burden by guiding the attention of COS staff to flagged content.","representedInStars":false}
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{"key":"osft-doc-1193/c50","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/605a50878299428f","nativeRecordCid":"30324bed-7f9c-4958-a4bc-80bf4e55861d","documentId":"osft-doc-1193","id":"c50","text":"Flagging will improve OSF's value as a service to the research community.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"content flagging on OSF","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"This will improve the trust in the content on OSF and its value as a service to the research community.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1193/c51","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/b82652285bb84c0c","nativeRecordCid":"155dfe8c-85f0-483f-920e-8bea8f4c2cd2","documentId":"osft-doc-1193","id":"c51","text":"COS employs a multi-faceted approach for automated spam detection to complement human review.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"automated spam detection","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"To complement human review, we employ a multi-faceted approach for automated spam detection.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1193/c52","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/3a91f731a7ca4fe5","nativeRecordCid":"f832194f-fb72-4d0f-bf5d-f655434845ab","documentId":"osft-doc-1193","id":"c52","text":"All public content on OSF is automatically sent through spam detection filters, OOPSpam and Akismet, that use machine learning for continuous training.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"OSF spam detection filters","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"All public content is automatically sent through two spam detection filters, OOPSpam and Akismet, that use machine learning for continuous training.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1193/c53","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/867afee87c434f37","nativeRecordCid":"9a325ac0-db60-4ab6-8f0d-ade1c41112d3","documentId":"osft-doc-1193","id":"c53","text":"OSF is a very attractive target for spammers due to its present credibility and search engine optimization.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"OSF","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Because OSF is a very attractive target given its present credibility and search engine optimization (SEO), spammers are always exploring ways to circumvent the detectors.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1193/c54","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/5363ea72bf754bf4","nativeRecordCid":"3fd5b544-1946-434c-93bf-5295bff97284","documentId":"osft-doc-1193","id":"c54","text":"Spammers are always exploring ways to circumvent OSF's spam detectors.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"spammers","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Because OSF is a very attractive target given its present credibility and search engine optimization (SEO), spammers are always exploring ways to circumvent the detectors.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1193/c55","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/eda2540c83f74270","nativeRecordCid":"3ce709b4-9750-4804-8bee-21c4bf904bec","documentId":"osft-doc-1193","id":"c55","text":"Pathways for spam on OSF will never be completely eliminated while OSF remains a free and easy-to-use platform for sharing research.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"spam pathways on OSF","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"We will never completely eliminate pathways for spam while maintaining our commitment to offer OSF as a free and easy-to-use platform for sharing research.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1193/c56","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/202fa736c3694b72","nativeRecordCid":"700f8d3a-34e4-4a24-bcef-54d8d93ddb38","documentId":"osft-doc-1193","id":"c56","text":"Empowering the community to identify, flag, and moderate flagged content using existing automated tools and machine learning will improve user trust, engagement, and platform reputation.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"community empowerment for content moderation","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Empowering the community to identify, flag, and moderate flagged content using\nthe existing automated tools and machine learning will improve user trust, engagement, and platform\nreputation.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1193/c57","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/1a1276c4ad7e4961","nativeRecordCid":"51c40960-1602-46b3-a8f7-4c22e9c4c49d","documentId":"osft-doc-1193","id":"c57","text":"Infrastructure to support making data and results open and discoverable is needed.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"","subject":"infrastructure for open, discoverable data and results","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The shifting policy and practice landscape across research domains lays bare the need for infrastructure to support making data and results open and discoverable.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1193/c58","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/477b3de2ee484531","nativeRecordCid":"94ba1a68-4dc7-4118-8c4e-7af8ae89db3a","documentId":"osft-doc-1193","id":"c58","text":"OSF is considered an appropriate and trusted generalist repository.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"OSF","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"OSF is considered an appropriate and trusted generalist repository, and meets many of the Desirable Characteristics provided by the National Science and Technology Council (NSTC) and included in the White House Office of Science Technology and Policy (OSTP) 2022 memo.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1193/c59","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/a3f8c2ca08c84c1a","nativeRecordCid":"cc08ddbf-5a44-4087-a951-8d2b5435c90a","documentId":"osft-doc-1193","id":"c59","text":"OSF meets many of the Desirable Characteristics provided by the National Science and Technology Council and included in the OSTP 2022 memo.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"OSF","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"OSF is considered an appropriate and trusted generalist repository, and meets many of the Desirable Characteristics provided by the National Science and Technology Council (NSTC) and included in the White House Office of Science Technology and Policy (OSTP) 2022 memo.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1193/c60","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/2fca43f2f5594456","nativeRecordCid":"3e728432-717c-4d3f-9807-32738562643c","documentId":"osft-doc-1193","id":"c60","text":"More federal agencies will follow with new policies, implementation guidance, and lists of appropriate repositories to host data.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"federal agencies' data policies","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"More federal agencies will follow with new policies, implementation guidance, and lists of appropriate repositories to host the data.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1193/c61","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/5e070580c1c44005","nativeRecordCid":"1dea0a6e-7519-47e1-a1f4-a990256d923d","documentId":"osft-doc-1193","id":"c61","text":"The Open Scholarship OSE is critical to the research community meeting new policy requirements.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"Open Scholarship OSE","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The Open Scholarship OSE is critical to the research community meeting new policy requirements.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1193/c62","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/567371e794904ab9","nativeRecordCid":"4a0d2e7a-2e57-4942-a65e-e681c19cbcdb","documentId":"osft-doc-1193","id":"c62","text":"Collaboration with tool makers is essential to closing the gaps as communities work through implementation of new data-sharing policy requirements.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"","subject":"collaboration with tool makers","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"As communities work through the implementation in their workflows and what repository needs will support their data and result sharing, collaboration with tool makers will be essential to closing the gaps.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1193/c63","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/d123c99d2f8549df","nativeRecordCid":"3bd587cf-a67e-43b9-b1a8-cb61390c0db9","documentId":"osft-doc-1193","id":"c63","text":"The Open Scholarship OSE aligns infrastructure to meet new policy requirements for making research results and underlying data publicly available.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"Open Scholarship OSE","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Align the infrastructure to meet new policy requirements for making research results and underlying data publicly available","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1193/c64","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/e1e078937dbb44cc","nativeRecordCid":"e9177896-adb1-415e-8aa6-c53c008dd7d9","documentId":"osft-doc-1193","id":"c64","text":"The Open Scholarship OSE provides open-source public goods infrastructure to hold the open outputs of research.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"Open Scholarship OSE","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Provide open-source public goods infrastructure to hold the open outputs of research","representedInStars":false}
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{"key":"osft-doc-1193/c143","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/3b1cfbd6398a4dab","nativeRecordCid":"b59d4698-8a1e-4713-896a-47f0a650cabb","documentId":"osft-doc-1193","id":"c143","text":"DAST can identify undocumented or shadow API endpoints.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"DAST capability","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Testing for unsecured API endpoints, identifying undocumented or shadow API endpoints, and unauthenticated routes or endpoints","representedInStars":false}
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{"key":"osft-doc-1193/c146","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/1deb126d7a4d4a61","nativeRecordCid":"b984eb0b-8ffe-4946-a375-06995d3551d9","documentId":"osft-doc-1193","id":"c146","text":"DAST can validate authentication for broken access control, privilege escalation, or insecure session handling.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"DAST capability","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Validation checking on authentication for broken access control, privilege escalation, or insecure session handling","representedInStars":false}
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{"key":"osft-doc-1193/c148","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/ec3c5992861846dd","nativeRecordCid":"1f687c9c-55a7-49d8-95d4-432738824273","documentId":"osft-doc-1193","id":"c148","text":"The OSE must gain more insights using DAST into how all components behave in a runtime situation to expose vulnerabilities.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"the OSE","subject":"OSE use of DAST","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"With the expanding use of third-party libraries and applications integrated with the OSF application, it is essential that we gain more insights using DAST into how all components behave in a runtime situation to expose vulnerabilities.","representedInStars":false}
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{"key":"osft-doc-1193/c150","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/f4b888f278c842c5","nativeRecordCid":"60c6e66f-cd6c-4dfe-8f06-1a183a8ceca3","documentId":"osft-doc-1193","id":"c150","text":"The OSE is not fully measuring the potential risk of its runtime environment.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"OSE risk measurement","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"We are not fully measuring the potential risk, and are missing the potential for API endpoint exposure, fully testing and debugging features in production, and misconfigurations","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1193/c151","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/73dab5556c0444b2","nativeRecordCid":"e477de9e-2641-41b1-aef5-a218fad6a9e4","documentId":"osft-doc-1193","id":"c151","text":"Without runtime testing, the OSE is missing the potential for API endpoint exposure detection.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"OSE attack surface gaps","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"We are not fully measuring the potential risk, and are missing the potential for API endpoint exposure, fully testing and debugging features in production, and misconfigurations","representedInStars":false}
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{"key":"osft-doc-1193/c155","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/263e1522c10645ad","nativeRecordCid":"a108c231-afda-4969-bde2-3ca159fa5a54","documentId":"osft-doc-1193","id":"c155","text":"A complete picture of the attack surface enables implementation of security measures that limit risk.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"attack surface visibility","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Once we have a complete picture of the attack surface, we are more able to assess vulnerabilities and implement security measures that limit risk.","representedInStars":false}
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{"key":"osft-doc-1193/c157","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/53fb7622332244ad","nativeRecordCid":"0834bba0-e6fc-4af7-8e86-30e55aac1498","documentId":"osft-doc-1193","id":"c157","text":"Attack surface is defined as the sum of all possible points, also known as attack vectors, where an unauthorized user can try to access, extract data from, or compromise a system.","kind":"definitional","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"attack surface","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"the sum of all possible points—also known as attack vectors—where an unauthorized user (attacker) can try to access, extract data from, or compromise a system","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1193/c158","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/b9f1676474834825","nativeRecordCid":"f98c8eaa-6d94-4fb2-82d7-d5a6ec312a40","documentId":"osft-doc-1193","id":"c158","text":"DAST implementation enables automated penetration and vulnerability scans that simulate real attack situations.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"DAST implementation","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"With the implementation of DAST in our application environment, we will be able to perform automated penetration and vulnerability scans that simulate real attack situations and evaluate the response of the application.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1193/c159","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/b4c1e1c9d1d84b0a","nativeRecordCid":"b68fe219-9404-4368-818d-03aa768b0e45","documentId":"osft-doc-1193","id":"c159","text":"DAST implementation enables evaluation of the application's response to simulated attacks.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"DAST implementation","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"With the implementation of DAST in our application environment, we will be able to perform automated penetration and vulnerability scans that simulate real attack situations and evaluate the response of the application.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1193/c160","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/96c785680a434711","nativeRecordCid":"ea8e336c-86eb-4ab1-9750-2df5b3dc54a2","documentId":"osft-doc-1193","id":"c160","text":"SQL injection, cross-site scripting, broken access controls, and cross-site request forgery have the potential to cause harm to users on OSF if exploited.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"common attack techniques","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"All of these have the potential to cause harm to users on OSF if exploited.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1193/c161","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/7fa8557fb26b473f","nativeRecordCid":"1ea5bdf8-e306-4ef5-a3f3-02579168e293","documentId":"osft-doc-1193","id":"c161","text":"There is increasing expectation by institutional, funder, and government stakeholders that OSF is compliant with several security standards.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"stakeholder expectations of OSF","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"There is increasing expectation by institutional, funder, and government stakeholders that the OSF is compliant with several security standards as a critical cyberinfrastructure for research, which comes with the need to expand testing to meet these framework requirements.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1193/c162","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/5d01b3249ad7420b","nativeRecordCid":"d5b7dbe4-1a96-4198-928c-ae9f7d7a5cc8","documentId":"osft-doc-1193","id":"c162","text":"OSF is a critical cyberinfrastructure for research.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"OSF","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"There is increasing expectation by institutional, funder, and government stakeholders that the OSF is compliant with several security standards as a critical cyberinfrastructure for research, which comes with the need to expand testing to meet these framework requirements.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1193/c163","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/0b3d5557f3f340ca","nativeRecordCid":"e1a18767-5f2f-4cae-978a-3ef2f5d18bfc","documentId":"osft-doc-1193","id":"c163","text":"Testing must be expanded to meet security framework requirements.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"the OSE","subject":"security testing expansion","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"There is increasing expectation by institutional, funder, and government stakeholders that the OSF is compliant with several security standards as a critical cyberinfrastructure for research, which comes with the need to expand testing to meet these framework requirements.","representedInStars":false}
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{"key":"osft-doc-1193/c165","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/85314789ead443ca","nativeRecordCid":"deb96452-4bb6-4dc1-a4a0-9c1c618771ae","documentId":"osft-doc-1193","id":"c165","text":"The prevalence of spam or poor-quality content on OSF undermines the potential for enhancing the integrity of scientific research.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"spam/poor-quality content on OSF","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The prevalence of spam or poor-quality content on a platform such as OSF, which has a reputation for transparency and reproducibility, undermines the potential for enhancing the integrity, credibility, and accountability of scientific research.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1193/c166","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/fde988f0a4f44721","nativeRecordCid":"fa0556d5-28f7-4839-8bbf-4d068202acbe","documentId":"osft-doc-1193","id":"c166","text":"The prevalence of spam or poor-quality content on OSF undermines the potential for enhancing the credibility of scientific research.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"spam/poor-quality content on OSF","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The prevalence of spam or poor-quality content on a platform such as OSF, which has a reputation for transparency and reproducibility, undermines the potential for enhancing the integrity, credibility, and accountability of scientific research.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1193/c167","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/ceb1d95bebaa4ddd","nativeRecordCid":"3c34be46-1e3d-46cf-ba6d-7936b6596aaa","documentId":"osft-doc-1193","id":"c167","text":"The prevalence of spam or poor-quality content on OSF undermines the potential for enhancing the accountability of scientific research.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"spam/poor-quality content on OSF","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The prevalence of spam or poor-quality content on a platform such as OSF, which has a reputation for transparency and reproducibility, undermines the potential for enhancing the integrity, credibility, and accountability of scientific research.","representedInStars":false}
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{"key":"osft-doc-1193/c169","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/e6a77a2a5801425f","nativeRecordCid":"c25a10e5-c63e-4538-b238-620022d2106c","documentId":"osft-doc-1193","id":"c169","text":"These vulnerabilities have potential for harm to users on OSF.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"security vulnerabilities on OSF","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"These vulnerabilities also have potential for harm to users and the reputation of OSF and its OSE.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1193/c170","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/03af8b570dac40f2","nativeRecordCid":"a286d4f9-3171-4839-a4f1-b0f0bf39aaf1","documentId":"osft-doc-1193","id":"c170","text":"These vulnerabilities have potential for harm to the reputation of OSF and its OSE.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"security vulnerabilities on OSF","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"These vulnerabilities also have potential for harm to users and the reputation of OSF and its OSE.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1193/c171","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/08a5002e3b4d4605","nativeRecordCid":"131000be-a2f4-4588-b01f-9afa3868fd92","documentId":"osft-doc-1193","id":"c171","text":"The barrier to entry for researchers using OSF must be relatively low.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"OSF","subject":"barrier to entry on OSF","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"the barrier to entry must be relatively low.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1193/c172","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/524c83133d2e44e2","nativeRecordCid":"7bb52e52-fbe8-4e96-b442-4e6e3f167a4d","documentId":"osft-doc-1193","id":"c172","text":"There is limited verification of a user as a legitimate researcher at a trusted institution doing robust research on OSF.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"user verification on OSF","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"This means that there is limited verification of a user as a legitimate researcher at a trusted institution doing robust research.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1193/c173","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/b4b138dbd7a94141","nativeRecordCid":"0a06f91b-a2a3-4fc4-bc2c-d83cfaac5f4f","documentId":"osft-doc-1193","id":"c173","text":"OSF relies on transparency for others to evaluate and distinguish legitimate research, promoted through increased engagement and open review of work shared on OSF.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"OSF legitimacy evaluation model","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Rather the expectation is that it is all transparent for others to evaluate and distinguish, promoted through increased engagement and positive open review or evaluation of the work shared on OSF.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1193/c174","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/36019e2b0e7c4791","nativeRecordCid":"d38119c6-3d38-4361-b7aa-50d6dc01845c","documentId":"osft-doc-1193","id":"c174","text":"There will always be bad actors who disguise their nefarious research as legitimate, making it difficult to detect.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"bad actors on OSF","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"However, there will always be bad actors who disguise their nefarious research as legitimate and make it difficult to detect.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1193/c175","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/b3aa11ba16184a09","nativeRecordCid":"c330281c-11d5-4330-bc88-382b105030d8","documentId":"osft-doc-1193","id":"c175","text":"Bad actors can lead to spam and poor-quality, or even bad, research masquerading on OSF alongside high-quality legitimate research content, making it difficult to decipher one from the other.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"bad actors' effect on OSF content","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"This can lead to spam and poor quality, or even bad, research masquerading on OSF alongside the high quality and legitimate research content, making it difficult to decipher one from the other.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1193/c176","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/580498ee2f3347b4","nativeRecordCid":"3c940778-1ea7-431b-b9d7-eb268eadd630","documentId":"osft-doc-1193","id":"c176","text":"The prevalence of spam and poor-quality content on OSF leads to a degradation of user trust in OSF and its reputation as a credible repository for sharing or discovering research.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"spam/poor-quality content on OSF","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The prevalence of spam and poor-quality content on OSF leads to a degradation of user trust in OSF and its reputation as a credible repository for sharing their research or discovering others’ research for reuse and/or collaboration.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1193/c177","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/3b90d13853b04440","nativeRecordCid":"9224589e-eb75-46c9-bf1d-05895513054b","documentId":"osft-doc-1193","id":"c177","text":"Spam and poor-quality content on OSF could lead users to question the safety and security of their own research shared on OSF, seeing the platform as a risk.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"spam effects on user perception","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"These practices could also lead to users questioning the safety and security of their own research shared on OSF, seeing the platform as a risk.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1193/c178","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/605b718f7a1e4ba4","nativeRecordCid":"3e0a175c-024e-45cf-9292-892ee0569d1f","documentId":"osft-doc-1193","id":"c178","text":"Improving security practices and testing, along with improved spam detection on OSF, mitigates risk for users and improves their safety.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"security and spam detection improvements","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Improving security practices and testing, along with improved spam detection on OSF will mitigate the risk for users and improve their safety.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1193/c179","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/720d29238be04993","nativeRecordCid":"c04fe784-edc4-47a3-a6bc-b46eaa650c1f","documentId":"osft-doc-1193","id":"c179","text":"Implementing spam-flagging tools gives users control over identifying questionable research content.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"spam-flagging tools","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Implementing spam-flagging tools for users gives them control over identifying questionable research content and alerting others of the risk.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1193/c180","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/18985116776c46b5","nativeRecordCid":"7f2d7baa-3d7f-4ac4-86c5-0c3cf11bc153","documentId":"osft-doc-1193","id":"c180","text":"Implementing spam-flagging tools gives users the ability to alert others of the risk of questionable content.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"spam-flagging tools","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Implementing spam-flagging tools for users gives them control over identifying questionable research content and alerting others of the risk.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1193/c181","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/0d55c57160854f55","nativeRecordCid":"997c727e-5183-45c8-9f00-1f7e5bf36267","documentId":"osft-doc-1193","id":"c181","text":"The occurrence of spam on OSF creates competing noise for legitimate research content, making it harder for research consumers to find valuable information.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"spam on OSF","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The occurrence of spam on OSF creates competing noise for the legitimate research content shared by researchers, making it harder for research consumers to find the valuable information they seek.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1193/c182","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/770003314d384c7c","nativeRecordCid":"6a128ab5-8afc-4162-98cf-65fdcd59a710","documentId":"osft-doc-1193","id":"c182","text":"Spam on OSF can lead to a decrease in browsing and searching on OSF for research to reuse or collaborate with.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"spam on OSF","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"This vulnerability can lead to a decrease in browsing and searching on OSF for research to reuse or collaborate with.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1193/c183","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/71a99ebbf5ca4939","nativeRecordCid":"42ffb7f8-ee6a-451b-b3e6-54528271a233","documentId":"osft-doc-1193","id":"c183","text":"If researchers don't think their research will be discovered or have an impact if shared on OSF, they will either no longer share or share less on OSF.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"researcher sharing behavior","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"In turn, if researchers don’t think their research will be discovered or have an impact if shared on OSF, then they will either no longer share or share less on OSF.","representedInStars":false}
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{"key":"osft-doc-1193/c208","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/e095bc3133d844a1","nativeRecordCid":"e455aaa0-c523-4cc4-aaa7-00c727c6e55b","documentId":"osft-doc-1193","id":"c208","text":"OSF has many partners and community collaborators contributing to other key infrastructure for supporting lifecycle open science.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"OSF partners and collaborators","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"OSF has many partners and community collaborators contributing to the open source code, as well as other key infrastructure for supporting lifecycle open science.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1193/c209","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/5bd8f794ad0f4cf9","nativeRecordCid":"b0cb16aa-1f95-45c9-a21a-08cb95ebaa42","documentId":"osft-doc-1193","id":"c209","text":"As the OSF OSE continues to mature with an established Steering Committee, there is a natural alignment with community contributors to establish security and safety expectations.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"OSE governance maturity","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"As the OSF OSE continues to mature with an established Steering Committee, there is a natural alignment with community contributors to establish security and safety expectations.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1193/c210","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/4dc63369c56e467e","nativeRecordCid":"0b591b5a-634b-42be-880c-0411b792972f","documentId":"osft-doc-1193","id":"c210","text":"Institutional members using the infrastructure for their research communities to adopt lifecycle open science practices are highly invested in ensuring safety, security and privacy of research data and researcher PII.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"institutional members of OSF infrastructure","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Additionally, institutional members using the infrastructure for their research communities to adopt lifecycle open science practices are highly invested in ensuring safety, security and privacy of research data and researcher PII.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1193/c211","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/f93f5762f5054c9b","nativeRecordCid":"26229347-4f9b-48ee-9b95-6b6d21f2ceda","documentId":"osft-doc-1193","id":"c211","text":"OSF is already assessed by a number of frameworks.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"OSF framework assessments","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The OSF is already assessed by a number of frameworks, such as the Higher Education Community Vendor Assessment Tool (HECVAT) to help higher education institutions assess their vendor risk, the Web Content Accessibility Guidelines (WCAG) international standard, for assessing web content accessibility to people with disabilities, and the General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR) with Standard Contractual Clauses (SCC) for data transfer between tools and organizations.","representedInStars":false}
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{"key":"osft-doc-1193/c214","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/a8171f6c5e7a4092","nativeRecordCid":"7b5ce34c-1ec9-47b6-93f0-dfb881f77246","documentId":"osft-doc-1193","id":"c214","text":"COS provides fringe benefits to eligible employees as part of its standard compensation package to promote health, financial security, and overall well-being.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"COS fringe benefits","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"These benefits are provided to eligible employees as part of the organization’s standard compensation package to promote health, financial security, and overall well-being.","representedInStars":false}
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{"key":"osft-doc-1193/c238","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/1a44600a55c1428c","nativeRecordCid":"01b37221-0b47-435a-8fff-8395910aeb28","documentId":"osft-doc-1193","id":"c238","text":"COS follows a shared responsibility model for cloud-hosted applications.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"COS","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"COS follows a shared responsibility model for cloud-hosted applications.","representedInStars":false}
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{"key":"osft-doc-1193/c241","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/7f365cc211f04a0e","nativeRecordCid":"c9c893eb-0e61-42aa-9db8-d686ac60284b","documentId":"osft-doc-1193","id":"c241","text":"COS keeps three types of hashes (MD5, SHA-1, SHA-256) for files.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"COS","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"We keep three types of hashes (MD5, SHA-1, SHA-256) for files.","representedInStars":false}
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{"key":"osft-doc-1193/c261","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/bac5d6e77ee74721","nativeRecordCid":"850fe249-064f-4c4c-a3c5-ff11efd8eb6b","documentId":"osft-doc-1193","id":"c261","text":"COS has an established culture of openness, trust, and integrity.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"COS","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"COS focuses significant attention on data security and has an established culture of openness, trust, and integrity and is committed to protecting the Open Science Framework’s (OSF) data.","representedInStars":false}
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{"key":"osft-doc-1193/c264","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/e4e3869207024269","nativeRecordCid":"bee7a262-06a7-4f97-8a69-45bb2a3e6572","documentId":"osft-doc-1193","id":"c264","text":"When shared data is flagged as potentially inappropriately shared by the community, COS has a review process to address possible inappropriate sharing and remove content from public access if needed.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"COS review process","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"When shared data is flagged as potentially inappropriately shared by the community, COS has a review process to address possible inappropriate sharing and remove content from public access if needed.","representedInStars":false}
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{"key":"osft-doc-1195/c2","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/dbba622c639546a6","nativeRecordCid":"bbe4f489-a883-42e8-95ee-b098878f1d66","documentId":"osft-doc-1195","id":"c2","text":"When and what data should be shared with whom, and how credit should be awarded to the data owner, need to be clearly addressed to create an individual incentive for data owners to share their data.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"","subject":"data sharing decisions and credit","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"However, when and what data should be shared with whom, and how credit should be awarded to the data owner needs to be clearly addressed to create an individual incentive for data owners to share their data.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1195/c3","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/f2155875e0e642ce","nativeRecordCid":"d290e2d5-4212-4252-bb15-14652de7cb6e","documentId":"osft-doc-1195","id":"c3","text":"A platform that allows owners to control and get rewards from sharing their data would be an important enabler of research data-sharing.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"owner-controlled data-sharing platform","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"A platform that allows owners to control and get rewards from sharing their data would be an important enabler of research data-sharing, since presently, such incentives for researchers to share their data are largely missing.","representedInStars":false}
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{"key":"osft-doc-1195/c10","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/fc70506c288f4227","nativeRecordCid":"b412a3ad-ec9f-435e-a493-c18e56edb3f1","documentId":"osft-doc-1195","id":"c10","text":"Data Analytics methods depend on collecting, sharing and mining research data.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"Data Analytics methods","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Data Analytics methods can improve significantly the quality of services, but they depend on collecting, sharing and mining research data.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1195/c11","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/4038e38fc9574550","nativeRecordCid":"260dc766-61e3-49b0-88bc-43f45c9feb94","documentId":"osft-doc-1195","id":"c11","text":"Users often contribute much of their data voluntarily.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"user data contribution","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The user contributes much of the data voluntarily; others are obtained by the system from observation of user activities, or inferred through advanced analysis of volunteered or observed data","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1195/c12","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/98dea26bd8ee4e48","nativeRecordCid":"a4924866-fd64-4cc0-875a-3c189c971666","documentId":"osft-doc-1195","id":"c12","text":"Other data is obtained by the system from observation of user activities, or inferred through advanced analysis of volunteered or observed data.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"data acquisition by systems","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The user contributes much of the data voluntarily; others are obtained by the system from observation of user activities, or inferred through advanced analysis of volunteered or observed data","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1195/c13","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/bf723fb5c25b41f9","nativeRecordCid":"22d59bb9-fdb9-488c-bb6a-bd18081b9227","documentId":"osft-doc-1195","id":"c13","text":"Personalized patient care can benefit from sharing research data from clinical trials in order to maximize the knowledge gain from the research effort.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"personalized patient care","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"In many important domains, for example, medicine and healthcare, both personalized patient care and medical research can benefit from sharing research data from clinical trials in order to maximize the knowledge gain from the research effort","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1195/c14","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/705656ffe9fa4503","nativeRecordCid":"3ad5cae7-a127-45e9-953b-d0a592734e47","documentId":"osft-doc-1195","id":"c14","text":"Medical research can benefit from sharing research data from clinical trials in order to maximize the knowledge gain from the research effort.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"medical research","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"In many important domains, for example, medicine and healthcare, both personalized patient care and medical research can benefit from sharing research data from clinical trials in order to maximize the knowledge gain from the research effort","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1195/c15","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/2885b52b3f09434b","nativeRecordCid":"6a961137-c069-4c8d-bc72-2dd439737e07","documentId":"osft-doc-1195","id":"c15","text":"All possible purposes for use of research data are often not known in advance.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"purposes for research data use","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Not often, all possible purposes for use of those data are known in advance, and data owner’s consent needs to be asked again, which can be obtrusive to a researcher/data owner who doesn’t see what there is to gain.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1195/c16","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/0201f4db33d4445b","nativeRecordCid":"9dc27359-d96e-4cfb-8053-60b1c1def345","documentId":"osft-doc-1195","id":"c16","text":"When not all purposes for data use are known in advance, a data owner's consent needs to be asked again.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"","subject":"data owner's consent","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Not often, all possible purposes for use of those data are known in advance, and data owner’s consent needs to be asked again, which can be obtrusive to a researcher/data owner who doesn’t see what there is to gain.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1195/c17","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/9ebe3a8eff894e0b","nativeRecordCid":"6cbc602a-0d07-4eed-b096-6fb8e9e55aca","documentId":"osft-doc-1195","id":"c17","text":"Asking a data owner's consent again can be obtrusive to a researcher/data owner who doesn't see what there is to gain.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"re-asking consent","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Not often, all possible purposes for use of those data are known in advance, and data owner’s consent needs to be asked again, which can be obtrusive to a researcher/data owner who doesn’t see what there is to gain.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1195/c18","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/7717e255998d4411","nativeRecordCid":"c8844abc-b832-4b37-8fe8-30834ac2c811","documentId":"osft-doc-1195","id":"c18","text":"It is hard or even impossible for data owners to remember what consent they have given to which enterprise.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"data owners' recollection of consent","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"In addition, it becomes hard or even impossible for data owners to remember what consent they have given to which enterprise and to keep track of who accesses their data and for what purpose.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1195/c19","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/b8c123979af44fb7","nativeRecordCid":"64a212d0-b8c2-4aea-9385-d12683c7cccd","documentId":"osft-doc-1195","id":"c19","text":"It is hard or even impossible for data owners to keep track of who accesses their data and for what purpose.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"data owners' tracking of access","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"In addition, it becomes hard or even impossible for data owners to remember what consent they have given to which enterprise and to keep track of who accesses their data and for what purpose.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1195/c20","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/a63f345043be41b8","nativeRecordCid":"64d5d801-ff5b-4e4d-a219-831583dfa387","documentId":"osft-doc-1195","id":"c20","text":"A flexible mechanism for obtaining and renewing consent for research data usage and sharing must provide appropriate and meaningful incentives to capitalize from data sharing.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"","subject":"consent mechanism for data sharing","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"A flexible mechanism for obtaining and renewing consent for research data usage and sharing is required that provides appropriate and meaningful incentives to capitalize from data sharing and ensures transparency for researchers to be aware of which of their dataset has been accessed, by whom, for what purpose and under what conditions.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1195/c21","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/b245a3ac1b4c48da","nativeRecordCid":"8e9755b0-686b-4510-b628-8dca60f5668b","documentId":"osft-doc-1195","id":"c21","text":"A flexible mechanism for obtaining and renewing consent for research data usage and sharing must ensure transparency for researchers to be aware of which of their dataset has been accessed, by whom, for what purpose and under what conditions.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"","subject":"consent mechanism for data sharing","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"A flexible mechanism for obtaining and renewing consent for research data usage and sharing is required that provides appropriate and meaningful incentives to capitalize from data sharing and ensures transparency for researchers to be aware of which of their dataset has been accessed, by whom, for what purpose and under what conditions.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1195/c22","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/b80e8b76402843b7","nativeRecordCid":"a1ae1f76-b452-46ad-bc40-4ca3a69263fe","documentId":"osft-doc-1195","id":"c22","text":"The creativity and advancement of technologies have given birth to many computational backbones to ensure privacy and data sharing across intelligent computing and security against hackers.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"technological advancement","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"It has been observed that the creativity and the advancement of the technologies have given birth to so many computational backbones to ensure privacy and data sharing across intelligent computing and security against hackers","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1195/c23","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/4a5c99ddf7ec415f","nativeRecordCid":"8bd66ebc-2b32-40ab-9aa1-9af90c2c9f16","documentId":"osft-doc-1195","id":"c23","text":"Centralized privacy and data-sharing services are often criticized for centrality issues because in most cases they do not collect and share the diverse fragments of user data coming from many autonomous and independent entities.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"centralized data-sharing services","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"However, these services are often criticized for the centrality issues, as at most cases, they do not collect and share the diverse fragments of user data coming from the enormous autonomous and independent entities","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1195/c24","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/c21932c5232d4861","nativeRecordCid":"2e1e6a7e-03da-4d10-a12e-010ede29428d","documentId":"osft-doc-1195","id":"c24","text":"Trust resides within the centralized service providers for all the storage and management of data.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"centralized service providers","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The trust resides within the centralized service providers for all the storage and management of data.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1195/c25","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/06de5ec893004aaa","nativeRecordCid":"536c8f9e-62cc-4b2a-be12-70404ec88c3d","documentId":"osft-doc-1195","id":"c25","text":"Distributed ledgers and blockchain technology have evolved as a promising means to support immutable and trusted records in various use cases including healthcare, agricultural research, and tourism.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"distributed ledgers and blockchain technology","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"In the past few years, distributed ledgers and blockchain technology have evolved as a promising means to support immutable and trusted records in various use cases including healthcare, agricultural research works, tourism domains etc.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1195/c26","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/7cf1b017f70c4f38","nativeRecordCid":"e3feba76-a29e-42af-b933-176a8dbd36a7","documentId":"osft-doc-1195","id":"c26","text":"Many blockchain systems provide a technology called 'smart contract' that allows for building automatic verification of the conditions for access or modification of each data entity.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"blockchain systems","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"In addition, many blockchain systems provide a technology called “smart contract” that allows for building automatic verification of the conditions for access or modification of each data entity.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1195/c27","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/db071c8c846d4b4c","nativeRecordCid":"90a5c55e-c9a3-4d6c-a0f3-88985981c7e2","documentId":"osft-doc-1195","id":"c27","text":"Smart contracts can be deployed to encode allowed purposes of research data use, allowed software applications that can access the data, time limitations, and the price for access.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"smart contracts","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Smart contracts can be deployed to encode allowed purposes of research data use, allowed software applications who can access the data, time limitations, the price for access, etc.","representedInStars":false}
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{"key":"osft-doc-1195/c32","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/77d507d36b674509","nativeRecordCid":"dfa1f080-d56c-4ed3-8202-2130c614b2de","documentId":"osft-doc-1195","id":"c32","text":"The blockchain can be traced back to the very first genesis block created in the chain.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"blockchain","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"All those blocks refer to the signature of the previous block in the chain, and that chain can be traced back to the very first genesis block created in the chain.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1195/c33","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/86a30c5723a64e8c","nativeRecordCid":"3e8b9995-30ea-4e4d-a127-19e0493d2510","documentId":"osft-doc-1195","id":"c33","text":"The blockchain can be private, public or hybrid.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"blockchain","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The blockchain can be private, public or hybrid.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1195/c34","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/168381e6de6c49b8","nativeRecordCid":"0b827389-0207-4a07-9413-56392fd64151","documentId":"osft-doc-1195","id":"c34","text":"MultiChain is best suited for private blockchain, providing the privacy and control required in an easy-to-configure and deploy package.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"MultiChain","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"MultiChain [\n7\n] is best suited for private blockchain which provides the privacy and control required in an easy to configure and deploy package.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1195/c35","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/325d4d4f3e4b434a","nativeRecordCid":"596369f5-50c2-4b0b-90d3-aff2e6605f5f","documentId":"osft-doc-1195","id":"c35","text":"MultiChain solves the problem of mining via integrated management of user permissions, unlike other blockchains.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"MultiChain","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Unlike any other blockchains, MultiChain solves the problems of mining, privacy, and openness via integrated management of user permissions [\n7\n].","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1195/c36","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/9dc625d2f9ed4166","nativeRecordCid":"a6e78e36-f1f2-43b8-9531-ee6b2748c888","documentId":"osft-doc-1195","id":"c36","text":"MultiChain solves the problem of privacy via integrated management of user permissions, unlike other blockchains.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"MultiChain","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Unlike any other blockchains, MultiChain solves the problems of mining, privacy, and openness via integrated management of user permissions [\n7\n].","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1195/c37","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/4242957f42784b66","nativeRecordCid":"ee5a8e28-ea57-45f9-b93e-ee1b858974d8","documentId":"osft-doc-1195","id":"c37","text":"MultiChain solves the problem of openness via integrated management of user permissions, unlike other blockchains.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"MultiChain","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Unlike any other blockchains, MultiChain solves the problems of mining, privacy, and openness via integrated management of user permissions [\n7\n].","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1195/c38","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/d4904aa0e82e46b5","nativeRecordCid":"469f53da-d3a8-4cc0-bf24-91d25092e282","documentId":"osft-doc-1195","id":"c38","text":"Once a blockchain is private, problems relating to scale are easily resolved because the chain's participants can control the maximum block size.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"private blockchains","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Once a blockchain is private, problems relating to scale are easily resolved, since the chain’s participants can control the maximum block size.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1195/c39","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/4eb5efc8f0494d99","nativeRecordCid":"6383f04f-bf86-4af3-ae4f-346944362caf","documentId":"osft-doc-1195","id":"c39","text":"In MultiChain, all privileges are granted and revoked using network transactions containing special metadata.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"MultiChain","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"In MultiChain, all privileges are granted and revoked using network transactions containing a special metadata.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1195/c40","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/18a1811cd5f94cf3","nativeRecordCid":"ddc4be77-58a4-4a05-a76d-44f109aba2ab","documentId":"osft-doc-1195","id":"c40","text":"The miner of the first 'Genesis' block in MultiChain automatically receives all privileges, including administrator rights to manage the privileges of other users.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"MultiChain","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The miner of the first “Genesis” block automatically receives all privileges, including administrator rights to manage the privileges of other users.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1195/c41","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/b0fa36dd231b42e8","nativeRecordCid":"dfbe0405-df26-4602-8daf-507910c789ba","documentId":"osft-doc-1195","id":"c41","text":"Future versions of MultiChain could introduce 'super administrators' who can assign and revoke privileges on their own.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"MultiChain","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Future versions of MultiChain could also introduce “super administrators” who can assign and revoke privileges on their own.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1195/c42","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/94ffd6864921405d","nativeRecordCid":"2ce08afa-7bb8-40d9-846c-77d0ea0b7a13","documentId":"osft-doc-1195","id":"c42","text":"Ethereum is an open source platform to create decentralized applications where users interact with online services in a distributed peer-to-peer manner on a censorship-proof foundation.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"Ethereum","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Similarly, Ethereum is another open source platform to create decentralized applications (dapps) where users interact with the online services in a distributed peer to peer manner that takes place on censorship proof foundation.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1195/c43","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/1300223e3d0b462d","nativeRecordCid":"99948221-d2f8-40f5-bd42-1f6df0357104","documentId":"osft-doc-1195","id":"c43","text":"Developers can create Ethereum interfaces and business logic with any of the known programming languages and tools.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"Ethereum development","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Developers can create interfaces and business logic with any of the known programming languages and tools.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1195/c44","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/6b626b1abf294bb4","nativeRecordCid":"2ab9801a-0a93-4a7e-b145-6678a379b551","documentId":"osft-doc-1195","id":"c44","text":"Ethereum has Ether (ETH) as its own virtual currency.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"Ethereum","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Ethereum has Ether (ETH) as its own virtual currency, which can be used to pay a transaction fee and to provide a primary liquidity layer for exchanging digital assets.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1195/c45","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/eb8ce1318bd94c88","nativeRecordCid":"00ecf623-a5f9-4882-89a9-2af6aa328707","documentId":"osft-doc-1195","id":"c45","text":"Ether can be used to pay a transaction fee.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"Ether","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Ethereum has Ether (ETH) as its own virtual currency, which can be used to pay a transaction fee and to provide a primary liquidity layer for exchanging digital assets.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1195/c46","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/1f4c262eccde44bc","nativeRecordCid":"1c5513c2-936f-4181-93e9-39d1e19bdf05","documentId":"osft-doc-1195","id":"c46","text":"Ether can provide a primary liquidity layer for exchanging digital assets.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"Ether","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Ethereum has Ether (ETH) as its own virtual currency, which can be used to pay a transaction fee and to provide a primary liquidity layer for exchanging digital assets.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1195/c47","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/1cc08914e27d4602","nativeRecordCid":"54900e58-d26f-46af-b9b3-79db7f43af2b","documentId":"osft-doc-1195","id":"c47","text":"Messages in Ethereum can be created by either an external entity or a contract, unlike Bitcoin transactions, which can only be created externally.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"Ethereum messages","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"There are “messages” in Ethereum being created by either an external entity or a contract unlike the Bitcoin transaction, which can only be created externally [\n8\n].","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1195/c48","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/ddb1de767f374fbe","nativeRecordCid":"f8f62a5d-4916-499b-8d43-12ef06c1c648","documentId":"osft-doc-1195","id":"c48","text":"Ethereum messages have an explicit option to contain data and specify the recipient of the message.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"Ethereum messages","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"There is also an explicit option for Ethereum messages to contain data and the recipient of an Ethereum message, and if it is a contract account, it has the option to return a response as well.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1195/c49","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/ed37c9c3de4d4b9e","nativeRecordCid":"9a75a22c-40ff-404f-8946-2d4ad654be7e","documentId":"osft-doc-1195","id":"c49","text":"If the recipient of an Ethereum message is a contract account, it has the option to return a response.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"Ethereum messages","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"There is also an explicit option for Ethereum messages to contain data and the recipient of an Ethereum message, and if it is a contract account, it has the option to return a response as well.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1195/c50","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/4d24eb0f0763431d","nativeRecordCid":"3c7db5b4-398d-4720-9a95-ac5437d84dc4","documentId":"osft-doc-1195","id":"c50","text":"Ethereum has a 'transaction' as the signed data package that stores a message to be sent from an externally owned account.","kind":"definitional","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"Ethereum transaction","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"In addition, the Ethereum has “transaction” as the signed data package that stores a message to be sent from an externally owned account.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1195/c51","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/fd1e7fb8e4de41e1","nativeRecordCid":"a79d0b08-5859-4993-92ba-8b905b90dfe9","documentId":"osft-doc-1195","id":"c51","text":"The state in Ethereum is made of accounts, each consisting of a 20-byte address and state transitions.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"Ethereum state","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The state in Ethereum is made of accounts each consisting of 20 bytes address and state transitions [\n8\n].","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1195/c52","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/24082f7b3fa94343","nativeRecordCid":"cc344ab6-e480-4b4b-a89e-5510b552c68f","documentId":"osft-doc-1195","id":"c52","text":"Ethereum blockchain can function as a semi-financial application, such as on-blockchain escrow, allowing users to enter into and manage contracts using ETH to deal with non-monetary assets such as research data.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"Ethereum blockchain","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"We have Ethereum blockchain as a semi-financial application such as on-blockchain escrow, which allows users to enter into contracts and manage them using their ETH to deal with non-monetary assets such as the research data.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1195/c53","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/80f2c71b8a76456e","nativeRecordCid":"7bfad6d8-ca3d-4902-b79b-6f9517de77a6","documentId":"osft-doc-1195","id":"c53","text":"Smart contracts are instances of contracts deployed on some blockchains.","kind":"definitional","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"smart contracts","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The Smart contracts are instances of contracts deployed on some blockchains, for example Ethereum [\n8\n].","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1195/c54","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/f5e56b3334224352","nativeRecordCid":"9e7b48e7-af57-4826-9b34-ef89f95f5c87","documentId":"osft-doc-1195","id":"c54","text":"Smart contracts consist of different functions that might be called from outside of a blockchain or by other smart contracts.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"smart contracts","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"They consist of different functions that might be called from outside of a blockchain or by other smart contracts.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1195/c55","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/d26ebe7cdf154b5b","nativeRecordCid":"a487a092-3712-4c9d-a696-49be4ad35896","documentId":"osft-doc-1195","id":"c55","text":"Blockchain coupled with smart contract technology removes the reliance on a central node between the transaction parties.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"blockchain and smart contract technology","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Blockchain coupled with smart contract technology removes the reliance on a central node between the transaction parties.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1195/c56","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/37711fcfd54342b0","nativeRecordCid":"4ada06b9-3e51-44a2-9ab1-6873caaa7dd4","documentId":"osft-doc-1195","id":"c56","text":"Since smart contracts are broadcasted on the blockchain, all the connected parties across the entire cryptocurrency network will have a copy of them.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"smart contracts","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Since the smart contracts are broadcasted on the blockchain, all the connected parties across the entire cryptocurrency network will have a copy of them.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1195/c57","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/914bfe2da1394a77","nativeRecordCid":"43fa8272-81f1-4dac-85ad-63c21f4c9f16","documentId":"osft-doc-1195","id":"c57","text":"A smart contract stores the rules that negotiate the terms of the contract.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"smart contract","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"A Smart contract, as an important piece of software, stores the rules that negotiate the terms of the contract, automatically verifies the contract and executes the agreed terms [\n8\n].","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1195/c58","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/d04c29be4fa542e9","nativeRecordCid":"05b4960c-9a46-44c5-bf4d-2545cfedda66","documentId":"osft-doc-1195","id":"c58","text":"A smart contract automatically verifies the contract.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"smart contract","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"A Smart contract, as an important piece of software, stores the rules that negotiate the terms of the contract, automatically verifies the contract and executes the agreed terms [\n8\n].","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1195/c59","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/7502ee18b3564404","nativeRecordCid":"fcf40ac0-bca4-4cda-bb89-b008dc49996c","documentId":"osft-doc-1195","id":"c59","text":"A smart contract executes the agreed terms.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"smart contract","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"A Smart contract, as an important piece of software, stores the rules that negotiate the terms of the contract, automatically verifies the contract and executes the agreed terms [\n8\n].","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1195/c60","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/2207a26409ec46a6","nativeRecordCid":"efd49573-e2d0-408a-b01b-3c2a14dfa66d","documentId":"osft-doc-1195","id":"c60","text":"A smart contract can execute an agreed stored process when triggered by an authorized or agreed event, just like traditional systems.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"smart contract","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The smart contract can execute agreed stored process when triggered by an authorized or agreed event just like traditional systems.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1195/c61","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/d9e658e819bf4fb0","nativeRecordCid":"52043192-7a63-43ba-963c-45e7354bd7ba","documentId":"osft-doc-1195","id":"c61","text":"All contract transactions are stored in chronological order for future access along with the complete audit trail of events.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"contract transactions","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"All contract transactions are stored in chronological order for future access along with the complete audit trail of events.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1195/c62","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/a9946e877928426e","nativeRecordCid":"266f43a0-c7f9-474b-8ebb-e4f3e5cc70b2","documentId":"osft-doc-1195","id":"c62","text":"If any party tries to change a contract or transaction on the blockchain, all other parties can detect and prevent it.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"blockchain contract integrity","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"If any party tries to change a contract or transaction on the blockchain, all other parties can detect and prevent it.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1195/c63","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/53dc314233654518","nativeRecordCid":"48868464-2f2e-4503-9759-e8ed167b8421","documentId":"osft-doc-1195","id":"c63","text":"If any party fails, the blockchain system continues to function with no loss of data or integrity.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"blockchain system resilience","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"If any party fails, the system continues to functions with no loss of data or integrity.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1195/c64","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/f6cf596b3a8a4be6","nativeRecordCid":"d107a7d8-8fed-4906-ae59-f71f784b9c47","documentId":"osft-doc-1195","id":"c64","text":"Blockchain coupled with smart contract technology creates a single, large, secure computer system logically, without the risks, costs and trust issues of a centralized model.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"blockchain and smart contract technology","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Therefore, it creates a single large secure computer system logically, without the risks, costs and trust issues of a centralized model.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1195/c65","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/e99222698ade4fe2","nativeRecordCid":"37a2a33e-453d-474f-a47c-79d1a619fad4","documentId":"osft-doc-1195","id":"c65","text":"The Ethereum Virtual Machine (EVM) code used in contracts consists of bytes, each representing an operation.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"EVM code","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The Ethereum Virtual Machine (EVM) code is used in the contracts that consists of bytes, each representing an operation.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1195/c66","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/26caca33ac424221","nativeRecordCid":"233a1771-0d75-4564-854c-a81c23b7e3f0","documentId":"osft-doc-1195","id":"c66","text":"Smart contract code can be written in Solidity language and can access the value of sender and data of the incoming message, block header data, and return a byte array of data as an output.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"smart contract code","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The code can be written in Solidity language and can access the value of sender and data of the incoming message, block header data, and return a byte array of data as an output.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1195/c67","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/cf42a6d044e741b3","nativeRecordCid":"796787de-0b04-4c10-8456-e3ab6c4280ed","documentId":"osft-doc-1195","id":"c67","text":"Most of the research on data sharing relates to design frameworks focused on optimizing system properties.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"data sharing research","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Most of the research on data sharing is relevant to the design framework that focus on the optimization of those properties.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1195/c68","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/49795e760cd54046","nativeRecordCid":"451225bf-d987-4267-8e1b-e1a39e0db4e3","documentId":"osft-doc-1195","id":"c68","text":"The technical performance of a data sharing system alone does not guarantee the practicality of the system.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"data sharing systems","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"However, the technical performance of a data sharing system alone does not guarantee the practicality of the systems.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1195/c69","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/6166fa1f537b48cb","nativeRecordCid":"8f7dc7d8-6106-44a7-9756-c720f234814e","documentId":"osft-doc-1195","id":"c69","text":"Decentralized approaches for data sharing have become a research trend in order to overcome the limitations brought by centralized architecture.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"decentralized data-sharing approaches","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Decentralized approaches for data sharing has achieved the research trend in order to overcome the limitations brought by the centralized architecture, which has a predefined point of access that leads to the central point of failure.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1195/c70","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/f2fa50852a3a44c8","nativeRecordCid":"21babf2a-b4fc-4c2b-a2f8-0ba74f780612","documentId":"osft-doc-1195","id":"c70","text":"Centralized architecture has a predefined point of access that leads to a central point of failure.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"centralized architecture","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Decentralized approaches for data sharing has achieved the research trend in order to overcome the limitations brought by the centralized architecture, which has a predefined point of access that leads to the central point of failure.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1195/c71","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/d3b79586271c40f6","nativeRecordCid":"206f6623-1906-413e-b115-a6417f4aef80","documentId":"osft-doc-1195","id":"c71","text":"Data sharing systems implement different architectures.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"data sharing systems","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Almost all of these systems implement different architectures and their evaluation is based on different non-functional requirements, such as efficiency, scalability, or reliability [\n11\n].","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1195/c72","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/6a1a160ad2714411","nativeRecordCid":"ab2008d0-c6c5-4f10-a0bb-b70963918980","documentId":"osft-doc-1195","id":"c72","text":"The evaluation of data sharing systems is based on different non-functional requirements, such as efficiency, scalability, or reliability.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"data sharing systems","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Almost all of these systems implement different architectures and their evaluation is based on different non-functional requirements, such as efficiency, scalability, or reliability [\n11\n].","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1195/c73","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/3ed14721970247b7","nativeRecordCid":"e37dd88d-f9ac-451d-9d85-cd533cb8d583","documentId":"osft-doc-1195","id":"c73","text":"Persona allows users to choose and define rules about who they want to share their personal information, such as photographs, with.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"Persona","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Online social network, persona as in [\n14\n], can allow users to choose and define the rules who they want to share their personal information like photographs with and browse through highly sensitive data on web pages.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1195/c74","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/8ccb08b9ade84f4d","nativeRecordCid":"8b0d8c3a-21fc-407d-829d-3b41e3f62f3d","documentId":"osft-doc-1195","id":"c74","text":"Persona uses attribute-based encryption and public key cryptography to hide data and provide the flexibility needed.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"Persona","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"It uses attribute-based encryption and public key cryptography to hide data and provide the flexibility needed.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1195/c75","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/70510f66d5444187","nativeRecordCid":"6cc4db74-6fb7-4cb2-b7f9-f69b0d13c217","documentId":"osft-doc-1195","id":"c75","text":"Persona uses group-based access policies for decryption and authentication by groups and users.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"Persona","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"For the decryption and authentication by groups and users, it uses group-based access policies.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1195/c76","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/049716b7136d4c48","nativeRecordCid":"cf6a1ee6-e4e8-4c32-8ba8-8d37423d239a","documentId":"osft-doc-1195","id":"c76","text":"Persona can perform just as well as existing online social networks while adding privacy features.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"Persona","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Persona can perform just as well as the existing online social network with added privacy features.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1195/c77","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/27ac28bb3f2b4568","nativeRecordCid":"23ac3a32-a033-4960-8d59-28e23668b891","documentId":"osft-doc-1195","id":"c77","text":"The Houdini framework enables the sharing of context-aware and privacy-conscious user data for global computing.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"Houdini framework","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Similarly, Houdini framework enables the sharing of context-aware and privacy-conscious user data for global computing [\n15\n].","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1195/c78","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/a55a02eec52c4951","nativeRecordCid":"7bf6c0a7-1f81-40e5-a72f-a30e26a93d19","documentId":"osft-doc-1195","id":"c78","text":"The Houdini framework comes with a method to collect data from various sources, focusing on how and when to share them.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"Houdini framework","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"It comes with a method to collect data from various sources focusing on how and when to share them.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1195/c79","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/3b1ce56308f94416","nativeRecordCid":"1ea65b15-2edb-4af3-8103-bfdb645a8248","documentId":"osft-doc-1195","id":"c79","text":"Sharing patients' level data from clinical trials is important.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"sharing patients' level clinical trial data","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"In the medical field, the research committee is increasingly recognizing the importance of sharing patients’ level data from clinical trials.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1195/c80","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/a3208f001f5844bd","nativeRecordCid":"ad1f30c3-0778-4d6c-948e-1315048f27ae","documentId":"osft-doc-1195","id":"c80","text":"Well-developed incentive mechanisms in online communities positively motivate users to willingly engage in knowledge sharing with others.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"incentive mechanisms in online communities","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Most importantly, with regard to sharing research data, well-developed incentive mechanisms in online communities positively motivate the users to willingly engage in knowledge sharing with others [\n16\n].","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1195/c81","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/606f8f8859ae43f6","nativeRecordCid":"9297a412-e602-47fa-bf3b-64a8406b7db2","documentId":"osft-doc-1195","id":"c81","text":"There is no scalability limit in terms of node count for MultiChain blockchain because each node does not need to connect to every other node to create a fully connected peer-to-peer network.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"MultiChain blockchain scalability","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"There is also no scalability limit in terms of node count for MultiChain blockchain as demonstrated in [\n17\n], because each node does not need to connect to every other node to create a fully connected peer-to-peer network.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1195/c82","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/1956f1c4e3884c05","nativeRecordCid":"9b630dd1-5017-4692-92e2-b9ab12a2b099","documentId":"osft-doc-1195","id":"c82","text":"New nodes joining the blockchain have to replay all transactions from the beginning, which can take significant time before they are up-to-date.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"new blockchain nodes","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"However, for all the node catch-up time, new nodes joining the chain have to replay all transactions from the beginning, and so it can take them significant time before they are up-to-date.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1195/c83","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/79fa64649fad4f0d","nativeRecordCid":"659a0b68-6034-41a5-9719-ce94ea4d9243","documentId":"osft-doc-1195","id":"c83","text":"The exact catch-up time for a new node depends on how many blocks and transactions are in the chain.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"blockchain catch-up time","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The exact amount of time will also depend on how many blocks and transactions are in the chain.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1195/c84","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/5e53604664bc4c1f","nativeRecordCid":"5b788615-f503-4fb5-b873-adf9ba1ac4c5","documentId":"osft-doc-1195","id":"c84","text":"Smart contracts and blockchains can offer a secure, distributed research data-sharing network.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"smart contracts and blockchains","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The security, scalability, and privacy of those systems are gracefully realized by the implementation of the smart contract and blockchains, which can offer the secure distributed research data-sharing network.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1197/c1","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/51f739a2f14f475c","nativeRecordCid":"819c606f-a5fa-4378-b2f7-cb81c551906c","documentId":"osft-doc-1197","id":"c1","text":"One of the grand challenges of data-intensive science is to facilitate knowledge discovery by assisting humans and machines in their discovery of, access to, integration and analysis of, task-appropriate scientific data and their associated algorithms and workflows.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"data-intensive science","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"One of the grand challenges of data-intensive science is to facilitate knowledge discovery by assisting humans and machines in their discovery of, access to, integration and analysis of, task-appropriate scientific data and their associated algorithms and workflows.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1197/c2","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/3d025921ab3e4234","nativeRecordCid":"986650d3-2578-4c90-93f1-03a20ccb736c","documentId":"osft-doc-1197","id":"c2","text":"To be findable, (meta)data must be assigned a globally unique and eternally persistent identifier.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"","subject":"(meta)data identifiers","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"F1. (meta)data are assigned a\nglobally unique and eternally persistent identifier.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1197/c3","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/485ca32c1aa648bc","nativeRecordCid":"bc93c034-8682-41ab-84b7-418b09c422f2","documentId":"osft-doc-1197","id":"c3","text":"To be findable, (meta)data must be described with rich metadata.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"","subject":"(meta)data description","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"F2. data are described with\nrich metadata.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1197/c4","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/a4c8eec7dfac456a","nativeRecordCid":"70f9f0ad-6b25-4b3a-acac-c0c3decba2d3","documentId":"osft-doc-1197","id":"c4","text":"To be findable, (meta)data must be registered or indexed in a searchable resource.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"","subject":"(meta)data registration or indexing","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"F3. (meta)data are\nregistered or indexed in a searchable resource.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1197/c5","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/e48930ece74d47b6","nativeRecordCid":"96d9c03b-d58f-461d-ad3e-86d8f862c5e6","documentId":"osft-doc-1197","id":"c5","text":"To be findable, metadata must specify the data identifier.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"","subject":"metadata specifying data identifier","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"F4. metadata\nspecify\nthe data identifier.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1197/c6","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/5ed5499e2207408d","nativeRecordCid":"fde1a3c7-b934-4017-b8a1-0caa714e0130","documentId":"osft-doc-1197","id":"c6","text":"To be accessible, (meta)data must be retrievable by their identifier using a standardized communications protocol.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"","subject":"(meta)data retrieval","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"A1  (meta)data are\nretrievable by their identifier\nusing\na standardized communications protocol.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1197/c7","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/37d4f656addd4aa3","nativeRecordCid":"876849be-94e8-4949-85c3-4dce2f8b50df","documentId":"osft-doc-1197","id":"c7","text":"The communications protocol used to retrieve (meta)data must be open.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"","subject":"the communications protocol","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"A1.1 the\nprotocol\nis open, free, and universally implementable.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1197/c8","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/58ce7fadf0074921","nativeRecordCid":"393e0737-89ba-4ca3-ab3f-c4868a79fd89","documentId":"osft-doc-1197","id":"c8","text":"The communications protocol used to retrieve (meta)data must be free.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"","subject":"the communications protocol","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"A1.1 the\nprotocol\nis open, free, and universally implementable.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1197/c9","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/04249a8db5114273","nativeRecordCid":"49c57dcc-5d91-4b1e-862c-e63c8cf2094e","documentId":"osft-doc-1197","id":"c9","text":"The communications protocol used to retrieve (meta)data must be universally implementable.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"","subject":"the communications protocol","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"A1.1 the\nprotocol\nis open, free, and universally implementable.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1197/c10","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/99804ebc2fe2496e","nativeRecordCid":"f99059ea-c7d9-49ea-941e-1c84767f418f","documentId":"osft-doc-1197","id":"c10","text":"The communications protocol must allow for an authentication and authorization procedure, where necessary.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"","subject":"the communications protocol","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"A1.2 the\nprotocol\nallows for an authentication and authorization procedure, where necessary.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1197/c11","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/082dfa6b26744f19","nativeRecordCid":"643af4f6-f1bf-4e6e-9c41-dc69b640fba3","documentId":"osft-doc-1197","id":"c11","text":"Metadata must remain accessible even when the data are no longer available.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"","subject":"metadata accessibility","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"A2\nmetadata are accessible\n, even when the data are no longer available.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1197/c12","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/37fcb8388e2f4c6b","nativeRecordCid":"489c6f30-c260-41a3-bd71-5ef1e57e4713","documentId":"osft-doc-1197","id":"c12","text":"To be interoperable, (meta)data must use a formal language for knowledge representation.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"","subject":"language for knowledge representation","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"I1. (meta)data use a\nformal, accessible, shared, and broadly applicable language\nfor knowledge representation.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1197/c13","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/48e6c48744f44f90","nativeRecordCid":"18814ce3-7b6a-4f4c-ad6c-ab7187ad98a6","documentId":"osft-doc-1197","id":"c13","text":"To be interoperable, (meta)data must use an accessible language for knowledge representation.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"","subject":"language for knowledge representation","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"I1. (meta)data use a\nformal, accessible, shared, and broadly applicable language\nfor knowledge representation.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1197/c14","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/89762409e90143e8","nativeRecordCid":"ed0adef1-2abf-446c-b84c-fba7dd8f8360","documentId":"osft-doc-1197","id":"c14","text":"To be interoperable, (meta)data must use a shared language for knowledge representation.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"","subject":"language for knowledge representation","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"I1. (meta)data use a\nformal, accessible, shared, and broadly applicable language\nfor knowledge representation.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1197/c15","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/c5ab888e470c4501","nativeRecordCid":"9b968ad2-c7c7-4455-8370-68675fe7be8d","documentId":"osft-doc-1197","id":"c15","text":"To be interoperable, (meta)data must use a broadly applicable language for knowledge representation.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"","subject":"language for knowledge representation","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"I1. (meta)data use a\nformal, accessible, shared, and broadly applicable language\nfor knowledge representation.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1197/c16","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/a355c036692e41ca","nativeRecordCid":"266b86a7-bddd-42f6-a65b-4760dffabdee","documentId":"osft-doc-1197","id":"c16","text":"To be interoperable, (meta)data must use vocabularies that follow FAIR principles.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"","subject":"vocabularies used by (meta)data","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"I2. (meta)data use\nvocabularies that follow FAIR principles.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1197/c17","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/3b57b59910484c1e","nativeRecordCid":"45b54809-9885-43d4-af74-8d80bd110229","documentId":"osft-doc-1197","id":"c17","text":"To be interoperable, (meta)data must include qualified references to other (meta)data.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"","subject":"(meta)data references","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"I3. (meta)data include\nqualified references\nto other (meta)data.","representedInStars":true}
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{"key":"osft-doc-1213/c29","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/40f8aa4b974e49c1","nativeRecordCid":"79a3672c-5eae-464a-bedc-60c62341f668","documentId":"osft-doc-1213","id":"c29","text":"Research publications should be made available in Open Access no later than six months following first publication.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"research publications","subject":"timing of Open Access availability","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"advocate that research publications should either be published in an Open Access journal \nor be deposited as soon as possible in a repository, and made available in Open Access \nin all cases no later than six months following first publication.","representedInStars":false}
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{"key":"osft-doc-1213/c43","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/1a1bdcad814848a9","nativeRecordCid":"cef3603a-8fae-49ab-991b-ac50ff45eee8","documentId":"osft-doc-1213","id":"c43","text":"The European Commission, national governments, research funding and research performing organisations and other stakeholders should adopt this approach to Open Access.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"the European Commission, national governments, research funding and performing organisations, and other stakeholders","subject":"adoption of the Open Access approach","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Science Europe wishes to encourage the European Commission, national governments, research \nfunding and research performing organisations and other stakeholders across the world to adopt \nthis approach to Open Access and to actively nurture collaboration in this area.","representedInStars":true}
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{"key":"osft-doc-1213/c61","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/b919dc8b041d4906","nativeRecordCid":"b9ae95f2-1678-42df-9f0f-d0351aa358eb","documentId":"osft-doc-1213","id":"c61","text":"Publishers must notify authors in a transparent way of any changes in the description of the structure of the data.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"publishers","subject":"notification of data structure changes","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Moreover, publishers must notify authors \nin a transparent way of any changes in the \ndescription of the structure of the data.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1213/c62","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/a446a557a2924d07","nativeRecordCid":"127d0718-6ceb-4208-a951-b10c16d8fabc","documentId":"osft-doc-1213","id":"c62","text":"The outcome of the transition to Open Access depends on the added value and quality of the services provided.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"outcome of the Open Access transition","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"As scholarly publishing makes its transition to an Open Access system, and as service \nproviders change their business models, the outcome of the transition depends on the \nadded value and quality of the services provided.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1213/c63","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/0a4222f1d5ea476e","nativeRecordCid":"0371cd2f-a672-4efb-aca1-47fa93041961","documentId":"osft-doc-1213","id":"c63","text":"These principles will help ensure the scholarly and technical quality of Open Access-related services in all fields, from sciences to social sciences and the humanities.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"effect of the publisher-service principles","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"These general – and at the same time very practical \n– principles will help ensure the scholarly and technical quality and cost-effectiveness \nof Open Access-related services in all fields, from sciences to social sciences and the \nhumanities.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1213/c64","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/292248e27c704c3b","nativeRecordCid":"b5dba3f9-ce80-4c0a-8ef1-16e16226d1fd","documentId":"osft-doc-1213","id":"c64","text":"These principles will help ensure the cost-effectiveness of Open Access-related services in all fields, from sciences to social sciences and the humanities.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"effect of the publisher-service principles","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"These general – and at the same time very practical \n– principles will help ensure the scholarly and technical quality and cost-effectiveness \nof Open Access-related services in all fields, from sciences to social sciences and the \nhumanities.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1213/c65","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/bcbb6ca1620d4849","nativeRecordCid":"f3736540-899a-4521-aabb-057799f786e2","documentId":"osft-doc-1213","id":"c65","text":"For an Open Access venue founded within the last 12 months and not yet registered in the DOAJ, it must be clear from the journal's website that the DOAJ criteria are fulfilled.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"newly founded Open Access venues","subject":"DOAJ criteria compliance for new venues","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"In the case of an Open Access venue that has been founded very recently (in the last 12 months) and is therefore \nnot yet registered in the DOAJ, it has to be clear from the journal’s website that the DOAJ criteria are fulfilled.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1213/c66","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/7c6c70c2465c49d9","nativeRecordCid":"cc91b70d-1d88-497b-bc55-fcf971ceb6b9","documentId":"osft-doc-1213","id":"c66","text":"The machine readability requirement should be met by implementing the Open Archives Initiative Protocol for Metadata Harvesting and/or the standards recommended by NISO.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"publishers","subject":"implementation of machine readability requirement","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"This should be done by implementing the Open Archives Initiative Protocol for Metadata Harvesting (OAI-PMH \n- https://doaj.org/features) and/or the standards recommended by NISO – National Information Standards \nOrganization (2015): Access License and Indicators (http://www.niso.org/apps/group_public/download.\nphp/14226/rp-22-2015_ALI.pdf), NISO RP-22-2015.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1253/c1","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/9f7dabcf4c984638","nativeRecordCid":"81f9a4c8-62e8-4489-8d67-510c0c1d0bcd","documentId":"osft-doc-1253","id":"c1","text":"Journal publishers must review and engage with the latest initiatives toward open access.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"journal publishers","subject":"journal publishers and open access initiatives","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"As members of the global scholarly communications community, it’s essential for journal publishers to review and engage with the latest initiatives toward open access.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1253/c2","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/9b510e85c40741b2","nativeRecordCid":"8e2a70b7-fab4-4918-9773-f526aa6af05e","documentId":"osft-doc-1253","id":"c2","text":"The UNESCO Recommendation represents the first global standard-setting framework for international open science policies and practices.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"UNESCO Recommendation","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Ratified in November 2021, the UNESCO Recommendation represents the first global standard-setting framework for international open science policies and practices.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1253/c3","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/5dc96bda4a7c4d36","nativeRecordCid":"a109042d-ea05-4f63-9cbc-fd89e2e2eae6","documentId":"osft-doc-1253","id":"c3","text":"Open science is a network of activities and organizations that aim to make scientific knowledge openly available, accessible and reusable for everyone.","kind":"definitional","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"open science","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"UNESCO defines open science as a network of activities and organizations that aim to make “scientific knowledge openly available, accessible and reusable for everyone” (p.7), with scholarly publishing at the helm.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1253/c4","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/c08f2b407a9d4ed5","nativeRecordCid":"29587d17-d4bb-403c-ab0f-213323924652","documentId":"osft-doc-1253","id":"c4","text":"Scholarly publishing is at the helm of the network of activities and organizations that make up open science.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"scholarly publishing's role in open science","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"UNESCO defines open science as a network of activities and organizations that aim to make “scientific knowledge openly available, accessible and reusable for everyone” (p.7), with scholarly publishing at the helm.","representedInStars":false}
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{"key":"osft-doc-1253/c7","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/a7903dafebac4c9f","nativeRecordCid":"ec788f71-9bca-45eb-8af2-a5d67c8944bb","documentId":"osft-doc-1253","id":"c7","text":"The UNESCO Recommendation signals an inflection point in the open access movement.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"UNESCO Recommendation","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"In part, the UNESCO Recommendation report signals an inflection point in the open access movement, and publishers have more opportunities than ever to engage with these changes successfully.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1253/c8","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/8208e215ac4b4b2a","nativeRecordCid":"86dfffa5-5a68-4026-b9c4-19564d731111","documentId":"osft-doc-1253","id":"c8","text":"Publishers have more opportunities than ever to engage successfully with the changes brought by the UNESCO Recommendation.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"publishers' opportunities to engage","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"In part, the UNESCO Recommendation report signals an inflection point in the open access movement, and publishers have more opportunities than ever to engage with these changes successfully.","representedInStars":false}
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{"key":"osft-doc-1253/c11","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/18d931ca45fe4664","nativeRecordCid":"f0f495ff-01f5-40c4-b8dd-dec9d558cdb9","documentId":"osft-doc-1253","id":"c11","text":"Open science is an ensemble of movements and practices.","kind":"definitional","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"open science","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Speaking to the UNESCO Recommendation during a recent OASPA webinar on putting policies into action, Chief of Science Policy and Partnerships Section, Ana Persic said open science is an “ensemble of movements and practices” that benefit researchers and stakeholders in society.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1253/c12","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/27f298c6af724d2b","nativeRecordCid":"ac2c6f64-ad88-497d-b1e2-de7f22a2200a","documentId":"osft-doc-1253","id":"c12","text":"Open science practices benefit researchers.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"open science practices","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Speaking to the UNESCO Recommendation during a recent OASPA webinar on putting policies into action, Chief of Science Policy and Partnerships Section, Ana Persic said open science is an “ensemble of movements and practices” that benefit researchers and stakeholders in society.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1253/c13","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/09d1614725d245b3","nativeRecordCid":"00e5e4fa-e57e-4790-8f2a-f02f4baddf8f","documentId":"osft-doc-1253","id":"c13","text":"Open science practices benefit stakeholders in society.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"open science practices","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Speaking to the UNESCO Recommendation during a recent OASPA webinar on putting policies into action, Chief of Science Policy and Partnerships Section, Ana Persic said open science is an “ensemble of movements and practices” that benefit researchers and stakeholders in society.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1253/c14","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/5c4b6b3442d34f3c","nativeRecordCid":"a3d53c6f-ab6c-400f-a9d7-7caee34e2edb","documentId":"osft-doc-1253","id":"c14","text":"Open science comprises open access publishing, which applies broadly to all disciplines of study, including basic and applied sciences, natural and social sciences, and the humanities.","kind":"definitional","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"open science pillar: open access publishing","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Open access publishing , which applies broadly to all disciplines of study, including basic and applied sciences, natural and social sciences, and the humanities;","representedInStars":true}
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{"key":"osft-doc-1253/c18","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/d9ee851021724874","nativeRecordCid":"a578e0dd-19ef-40f9-bbea-60a563161427","documentId":"osft-doc-1253","id":"c18","text":"Open access means providing access to the resources needed to replicate a study.","kind":"definitional","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"open access","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"In this framework, open access means openly providing access to the appropriate context for understanding research (e.g., philosophical assumptions), resources to replicate a study (e.g., the underlying research data), the tools to collaborate (e.g., compatible software for analysis), and the research itself.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1253/c19","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/3aa00b8ebc3d459d","nativeRecordCid":"eb465fd9-d2a9-48fc-8f7f-c6fee34ffd4d","documentId":"osft-doc-1253","id":"c19","text":"Open access means providing access to the tools needed to collaborate.","kind":"definitional","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"open access","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"In this framework, open access means openly providing access to the appropriate context for understanding research (e.g., philosophical assumptions), resources to replicate a study (e.g., the underlying research data), the tools to collaborate (e.g., compatible software for analysis), and the research itself.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1253/c20","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/9c3f2029aa6d4b80","nativeRecordCid":"91e01c8e-5b16-4cff-81df-353d47fcc643","documentId":"osft-doc-1253","id":"c20","text":"Open access means providing access to the research itself.","kind":"definitional","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"open access","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"In this framework, open access means openly providing access to the appropriate context for understanding research (e.g., philosophical assumptions), resources to replicate a study (e.g., the underlying research data), the tools to collaborate (e.g., compatible software for analysis), and the research itself.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1253/c21","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/85dc14e3fc1c4a38","nativeRecordCid":"3f1040d5-0f28-4737-bfd1-a99684029e53","documentId":"osft-doc-1253","id":"c21","text":"Publishers should think of their role as stewards of open scientific communication.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"publishers","subject":"publishers' role as stewards","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The recommendations encourage publishers to think of their role as stewards of open scientific communication to contribute to broader movements toward more just and equitable engagement in the knowledge creation and evaluation process.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1253/c22","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/0b82d908b0e14331","nativeRecordCid":"08cb86db-f16d-4b14-a339-df0fff718de5","documentId":"osft-doc-1253","id":"c22","text":"The scholarly publishing community should promote a common understanding of open science.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"scholarly publishing community","subject":"scholarly publishing community goals","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Promote a common understanding of open science","representedInStars":false}
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{"key":"osft-doc-1253/c24","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/d853eff448444fef","nativeRecordCid":"6fc0602b-8802-419c-9554-c4284e2bd434","documentId":"osft-doc-1253","id":"c24","text":"The scholarly publishing community should develop an enabling policy environment.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"scholarly publishing community","subject":"scholarly publishing community goals","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Develop an enabling policy environment","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1253/c25","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/c5bb017890c4410f","nativeRecordCid":"469b32c1-cf80-4a6c-9cd5-ea53b125238a","documentId":"osft-doc-1253","id":"c25","text":"The scholarly publishing community should invest in human resources.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"scholarly publishing community","subject":"scholarly publishing community goals","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Invest in human resources","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1253/c26","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/f6a55dfe289d450e","nativeRecordCid":"47653228-0386-45b3-8fe2-97e4edfc2c68","documentId":"osft-doc-1253","id":"c26","text":"The scholarly publishing community should promote innovative approaches.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"scholarly publishing community","subject":"scholarly publishing community goals","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Promote innovative approaches","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1253/c27","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/1c2055b0b2134d44","nativeRecordCid":"2a988359-e8b8-4092-bc0a-4257c58159be","documentId":"osft-doc-1253","id":"c27","text":"The scholarly publishing community should promote cooperation.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"scholarly publishing community","subject":"scholarly publishing community goals","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Promote cooperation","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1253/c28","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/9ce96a69be964037","nativeRecordCid":"71e66e57-7b11-4784-a975-d6ff93fc59dc","documentId":"osft-doc-1253","id":"c28","text":"The scholarly publishing community should invest in infrastructure and services.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"scholarly publishing community","subject":"scholarly publishing community goals","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Invest in infrastructure and services","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1253/c29","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/48040fcb439b49da","nativeRecordCid":"1116e32c-9d65-4759-ade1-21330788e91d","documentId":"osft-doc-1253","id":"c29","text":"Publishers must think beyond article-processing charges and transformative agreements.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"publishers","subject":"publishers and APCs/transformative agreements","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"In order to retool the commercial engines that sustain the publication lifecycle, the UNESCO Recommendation compels publishers to think beyond article-processing charges (APCs) and transformative agreements (TAs).","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1253/c30","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/626ee5951e29420e","nativeRecordCid":"8c27349a-3dd8-4b98-b198-1af9890b6319","documentId":"osft-doc-1253","id":"c30","text":"Publishers may pilot one or more alternative funding models for open access publishing.","kind":"normative","modality":"may","actor":"publishers","subject":"publishers piloting funding models","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Consider piloting one or more alternative funding models for open access publishing , such as community-action models proven by publishers like PLOS .","representedInStars":false}
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{"key":"osft-doc-1253/c32","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/49b349cc3d2c4783","nativeRecordCid":"830b2339-d74d-489e-bd9e-fbdfc2d4c45b","documentId":"osft-doc-1253","id":"c32","text":"Publishers should shift to offering one or more Creative Commons licenses to authors instead of the usual copyright terms.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"publishers","subject":"publishers and Creative Commons licenses","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Shift to offering one or more Creative Commons licenses to authors instead of the usual copyright terms and support open archiving.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1253/c33","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/20d474b16f8b44a4","nativeRecordCid":"ceaff9b8-023b-4215-9313-bc082ccd63e6","documentId":"osft-doc-1253","id":"c33","text":"Publishers should support open archiving.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"publishers","subject":"publishers and open archiving","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Shift to offering one or more Creative Commons licenses to authors instead of the usual copyright terms and support open archiving.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1253/c34","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/328c2a96284e4fea","nativeRecordCid":"04728680-df1d-4107-afc5-5a59a9ff1537","documentId":"osft-doc-1253","id":"c34","text":"Iterative changes addressing specific market demands are easier to implement.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"iterative changes addressing market demands","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Keep in mind iterative changes addressing specific market demands will be easier to implement and provide a quicker feedback loop to help navigate these industry-wide transformations.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1253/c35","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/be883b74b5b443c5","nativeRecordCid":"d1eda1ea-c12a-42f8-a4cb-a1b7a498dce2","documentId":"osft-doc-1253","id":"c35","text":"Iterative changes addressing specific market demands provide a quicker feedback loop to help navigate industry-wide transformations.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"iterative changes addressing market demands","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Keep in mind iterative changes addressing specific market demands will be easier to implement and provide a quicker feedback loop to help navigate these industry-wide transformations.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1253/c36","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/6b9bcaed2ed14641","nativeRecordCid":"bff31236-e087-485d-b013-af74775b6429","documentId":"osft-doc-1253","id":"c36","text":"Achieving an open scientific ecosystem requires more than open-access publishing.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"","subject":"open scientific ecosystem","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Achieving an open scientific ecosystem demands more than open-access publishing, and all publishers can support the UNESCO principles by engaging with information standards and shared infrastructural initiatives as well.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1253/c37","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/9ecdf7808cd44fb7","nativeRecordCid":"e3d65235-d3af-42f7-bc4d-d83f247c2ebe","documentId":"osft-doc-1253","id":"c37","text":"Publishers can support the UNESCO principles by engaging with information standards and shared infrastructural initiatives.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"publishers","subject":"publishers supporting UNESCO principles","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Achieving an open scientific ecosystem demands more than open-access publishing, and all publishers can support the UNESCO principles by engaging with information standards and shared infrastructural initiatives as well.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1253/c38","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/8b1f8affe0824f04","nativeRecordCid":"bd6fb0f2-8cd5-4162-8b2b-5c73097da2ff","documentId":"osft-doc-1253","id":"c38","text":"Publishers should require persistent identifiers, such as ORCIDs and CRediTs, for proper research recognition and attribution.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"publishers","subject":"publishers and persistent identifiers","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Ensure proper research recognition and attribution by requiring persistent identifiers, such as ORCIDs and CRediTs , and integrating them into automated workflows.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1253/c39","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/c7cd366b289e46d1","nativeRecordCid":"deb40782-f3a9-461b-ae9d-b321480b78cb","documentId":"osft-doc-1253","id":"c39","text":"Publishers should integrate persistent identifiers into automated workflows.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"publishers","subject":"publishers and persistent identifiers","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Ensure proper research recognition and attribution by requiring persistent identifiers, such as ORCIDs and CRediTs , and integrating them into automated workflows.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1253/c40","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/9191138738874a45","nativeRecordCid":"0e350ef9-3c5f-4767-9437-4595621346d5","documentId":"osft-doc-1253","id":"c40","text":"ORCID and CRediT have achieved greater awareness among authors and editors.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"ORCID and CRediT","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Both identifiers have achieved greater awareness among authors and editors and increased participation across research communities.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1253/c41","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/2d4722589c3a494f","nativeRecordCid":"3b323d71-58e7-403e-b344-64489e4633fa","documentId":"osft-doc-1253","id":"c41","text":"ORCID and CRediT have increased participation across research communities.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"ORCID and CRediT","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Both identifiers have achieved greater awareness among authors and editors and increased participation across research communities.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1253/c42","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/537983536e38454e","nativeRecordCid":"ed6d46de-2f07-421c-9f5d-892149d887af","documentId":"osft-doc-1253","id":"c42","text":"Publishers should establish open policies for preprint articles and research data.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"publishers","subject":"publishers and preprint/data policies","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Establish open policies for preprint articles and research data and partner with preprint and data repositories to automate and streamline cross-functional workflows.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1253/c43","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/a0f371a0f27e4227","nativeRecordCid":"ab6b66a2-f088-4c52-a4d4-c988bb2ddbb5","documentId":"osft-doc-1253","id":"c43","text":"Publishers should partner with preprint and data repositories to automate and streamline cross-functional workflows.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"publishers","subject":"publishers and preprint/data repositories","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Establish open policies for preprint articles and research data and partner with preprint and data repositories to automate and streamline cross-functional workflows.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1253/c44","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/7bc5d49ef61c49ae","nativeRecordCid":"2baec02e-9cce-4f9b-91b6-be8515d50ce7","documentId":"osft-doc-1253","id":"c44","text":"Establishing open preprint and data policies will become easier as preprints and data are further integrated into popular discovery tools.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"preprint and data policy adoption","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"This sort of activity will become easier as both preprints and data are further integrated into popular discovery tools, such as Google Scholar.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1253/c45","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/b485767a570346d6","nativeRecordCid":"d4895da2-492b-49a1-bd52-dd9b9d0be8e0","documentId":"osft-doc-1253","id":"c45","text":"Publishers should provide transparency into peer review, production, and dissemination processes.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"publishers","subject":"publishers and transparency in processes","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Provide transparency into peer review, production, and dissemination processes — for example, by inviting public commentary or establishing review boards of academics, funders, and other stakeholders who can offer support and consultation.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1253/c46","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/54b6baeab2e745e5","nativeRecordCid":"16f4f398-ce2a-4362-86b4-be8a29de40bd","documentId":"osft-doc-1253","id":"c46","text":"Investments in author, preprint, data, and peer review metadata bear fruit when that metadata is embedded in publications and made accessible to readers via search indexing, crosslinking, and other user-facing features.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"metadata embedding and accessibility","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"All of the above investments begin to bear fruit when author, preprint, data, and peer review metadata are embedded in the publications themselves and then made accessible to readers via search indexing, crosslinking, and other user-facing features.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1253/c47","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/f7da72451e104084","nativeRecordCid":"a537fb41-f8e1-4ecb-a1b3-dc82ee3c5b04","documentId":"osft-doc-1253","id":"c47","text":"For publishers, adopting open science principles means adapting how they do business.","kind":"definitional","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"adopting open science principles","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"For publishers, adopting open science principles also means adapting how they do business, engage with the research community, and express organizational values.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1253/c48","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/d8cc7d7a82094557","nativeRecordCid":"7da1c47d-b6aa-4b3e-ac4c-33d7273d9156","documentId":"osft-doc-1253","id":"c48","text":"For publishers, adopting open science principles means adapting how they engage with the research community.","kind":"definitional","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"adopting open science principles","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"For publishers, adopting open science principles also means adapting how they do business, engage with the research community, and express organizational values.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1253/c49","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/cad698c1768f441f","nativeRecordCid":"fbea537a-04d4-4576-98b3-42fac079b26d","documentId":"osft-doc-1253","id":"c49","text":"For publishers, adopting open science principles means adapting how they express organizational values.","kind":"definitional","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"adopting open science principles","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"For publishers, adopting open science principles also means adapting how they do business, engage with the research community, and express organizational values.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1253/c50","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/1824bda3aea24dcc","nativeRecordCid":"d685c4ce-23f2-47d2-9625-0b2db48ab2d1","documentId":"osft-doc-1253","id":"c50","text":"Publishers should offer multilingual workshops or training sessions for authors, editors, and reviewers in relevant fields of study.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"publishers","subject":"publishers and multilingual training","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Offer multilingual workshops or training sessions for authors, editors, and reviewers in relevant fields of study that promote familiarity with the publishing process and encourage participation from all regions and types of institutions.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1253/c51","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/326eff546119479a","nativeRecordCid":"be046a0a-9af6-42f3-8895-37cd756d7408","documentId":"osft-doc-1253","id":"c51","text":"Publishers should adopt a collaborative framework for publisher actions that promotes diversity and inclusivity in scholarly communications.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"publishers","subject":"publishers and collaborative diversity framework","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Adopt the collaborative framework for publisher actions that promotes diversity and inclusivity in scholarly communications, such as following the Royal Society for Chemistry’s lead with a new demographic schema for authors that supports greater gender equity.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1253/c52","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/4a15113ef7f041ea","nativeRecordCid":"4c9910a8-4e57-4dc2-85e7-f356a77b45d7","documentId":"osft-doc-1253","id":"c52","text":"Publishers should reevaluate internal processes and systems, including how they organize and support staff.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"publishers","subject":"publishers and internal processes","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Reevaluate internal processes and systems, including how you organize and support staff using resources like the C4DISC Toolkits for Equity .","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1253/c53","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/ed87a78e12a744f1","nativeRecordCid":"d7ab70e2-d1f5-438a-b749-ef148baeb2e3","documentId":"osft-doc-1253","id":"c53","text":"Publishers should support auto-translation options to enable access by non-English speaking readers.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"publishers","subject":"publishers and auto-translation options","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Supporting multilingual publications: Support auto-translation options to enable access by non-English speaking readers.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1253/c54","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/35ede97e6eae4679","nativeRecordCid":"536cec18-0c9e-4abb-bbb8-16a511bc77d3","documentId":"osft-doc-1253","id":"c54","text":"Publishers should draft a statement of accessibility.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"publishers","subject":"publishers and accessibility statement","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Delivering accessible and reusable publications for everyone: Draft a statement of accessibility and publicize your progress toward conforming with relevant standards, such as the Web Content Accessibility Guidelines (WCAG).","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1253/c55","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/2f9c65c9edf14c80","nativeRecordCid":"35af1c06-4254-47f9-a268-2683a2b9ca10","documentId":"osft-doc-1253","id":"c55","text":"Publishers should publicize their progress toward conforming with relevant accessibility standards.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"publishers","subject":"publishers and accessibility progress","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Delivering accessible and reusable publications for everyone: Draft a statement of accessibility and publicize your progress toward conforming with relevant standards, such as the Web Content Accessibility Guidelines (WCAG).","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1253/c56","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/3349cd7a8eec469a","nativeRecordCid":"e3fb0052-048b-4bee-9306-9fce6e344d69","documentId":"osft-doc-1253","id":"c56","text":"Publishers should release alternative article abstracts and/or press releases for general public readership and mainstream media.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"publishers","subject":"publishers and public-facing content","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Encouraging scientific collaborations and outreach beyond immediate communities: Release alternative article abstracts and/or press releases for general public readership and mainstream media.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1253/c57","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/dc0ddadd53e7429f","nativeRecordCid":"ea85ae1d-3a23-4113-80ec-e3b6543689fc","documentId":"osft-doc-1253","id":"c57","text":"Global standards-setting frameworks like the UNESCO Recommendation demonstrate the shared responsibilities of scholarly communications stakeholders engaged in these efforts.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"global standards-setting frameworks","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The good news is that global standards-setting frameworks like the UNESCO Recommendation demonstrate the shared responsibilities and vast network of scholarly communications stakeholders engaged in these efforts.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1253/c58","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/ff5f2bf1deac4ea4","nativeRecordCid":"0a62bde5-0823-454d-9844-4f6c34165df4","documentId":"osft-doc-1253","id":"c58","text":"Global standards-setting frameworks like the UNESCO Recommendation demonstrate the vast network of scholarly communications stakeholders engaged in these efforts.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"global standards-setting frameworks","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The good news is that global standards-setting frameworks like the UNESCO Recommendation demonstrate the shared responsibilities and vast network of scholarly communications stakeholders engaged in these efforts.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1253/c59","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/e01af7197bbb4c66","nativeRecordCid":"3ef449b9-4260-489e-bd97-1f3311205028","documentId":"osft-doc-1253","id":"c59","text":"There are more cooperative opportunities available to publishers than ever before.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"opportunities available to publishers","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"There are more cooperative opportunities, data-driven initiatives, and proven models available to publishers than ever before","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1253/c60","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/e6fef0a995e247e0","nativeRecordCid":"69d60700-53ff-4e98-9d45-d2bf336e5265","documentId":"osft-doc-1253","id":"c60","text":"There are more data-driven initiatives available to publishers than ever before.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"initiatives available to publishers","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"There are more cooperative opportunities, data-driven initiatives, and proven models available to publishers than ever before","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1253/c61","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/b06c443a0b054f33","nativeRecordCid":"9807677c-5867-44de-845a-2f3b19920dc3","documentId":"osft-doc-1253","id":"c61","text":"There are more proven models available to publishers than ever before.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"models available to publishers","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"There are more cooperative opportunities, data-driven initiatives, and proven models available to publishers than ever before","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1253/c62","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/7481bcfa0cf249de","nativeRecordCid":"77713bda-5c46-45e0-9346-1fc4aeb31f70","documentId":"osft-doc-1253","id":"c62","text":"The field is ripe with possibilities to join the movement toward more open scholarship practices and promote scientific advancement around the world.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"the field of open scholarship","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"the field is ripe with possibilities to join the movement toward more open scholarship practices and promote scientific advancement around the world.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1283/c1","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/80ed7bfd504c4ca7","nativeRecordCid":"adb82870-6e2a-4f05-8d30-a8fcfd8001df","documentId":"osft-doc-1283","id":"c1","text":"Open Science is scholarly research that is collaborative.","kind":"definitional","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"Open Science","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Open Science is scholarly research that is \ncollaborative, transparent and reproducible and whose \noutputs are publicly available.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1283/c2","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/9c7b57c968cc4dee","nativeRecordCid":"65ea600d-a16a-45fe-a6d2-b0bf9593516e","documentId":"osft-doc-1283","id":"c2","text":"Open Science is scholarly research that is transparent.","kind":"definitional","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"Open Science","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Open Science is scholarly research that is \ncollaborative, transparent and reproducible and whose \noutputs are publicly available.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1283/c3","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/561d5b9ed9a04553","nativeRecordCid":"eefff9c0-5ba1-4eff-9214-ed1f8dd8bf3c","documentId":"osft-doc-1283","id":"c3","text":"Open Science is scholarly research that is reproducible.","kind":"definitional","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"Open Science","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Open Science is scholarly research that is \ncollaborative, transparent and reproducible and whose \noutputs are publicly available.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1283/c4","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/c28dbac8d10c4a40","nativeRecordCid":"a2e2a6a9-839d-49ef-86db-050f5a1dbcc0","documentId":"osft-doc-1283","id":"c4","text":"Open Science is scholarly research whose outputs are publicly available.","kind":"definitional","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"Open Science outputs","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Open Science is scholarly research that is \ncollaborative, transparent and reproducible and whose \noutputs are publicly available.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1283/c5","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/a2d90d6c8b6f40a4","nativeRecordCid":"141e0b92-cfeb-4059-ad52-a31d519d74f8","documentId":"osft-doc-1283","id":"c5","text":"The European Union will not remain competitive at the global level unless it promotes Open Science and Open Innovation.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"European Union competitiveness","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The European Union will \nnot remain competitive at the global level unless it \npromotes Open Science, a nd relatedly, Open \nInnovation.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1283/c6","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/86b56fd670ed42ce","nativeRecordCid":"d0804513-3def-46a2-9cf1-4f2e2418fe00","documentId":"osft-doc-1283","id":"c6","text":"Open Science aims at increasing research quality.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"Open Science aims","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"At its core, Open Science aims at: “increasing research \nquality, boosting collaboration, speeding up the \nresearch process, making the assessment of research \nmore transparent, promoting public access to scientific \nresults, as well as introducing more people to \nacademic research” 1.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1283/c7","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/9b83768dd54d45a8","nativeRecordCid":"4ce16086-6902-4370-8d28-1541b7021863","documentId":"osft-doc-1283","id":"c7","text":"Open Science aims at boosting collaboration.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"Open Science aims","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"At its core, Open Science aims at: “increasing research \nquality, boosting collaboration, speeding up the \nresearch process, making the assessment of research \nmore transparent, promoting public access to scientific \nresults, as well as introducing more people to \nacademic research” 1.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1283/c8","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/1c91308d8a4145cd","nativeRecordCid":"483123da-2cfd-423b-b0c4-91a39d086a22","documentId":"osft-doc-1283","id":"c8","text":"Open Science aims at speeding up the research process.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"Open Science aims","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"At its core, Open Science aims at: “increasing research \nquality, boosting collaboration, speeding up the \nresearch process, making the assessment of research \nmore transparent, promoting public access to scientific \nresults, as well as introducing more people to \nacademic research” 1.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1283/c9","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/407117d22d6144ad","nativeRecordCid":"ed3241c0-92ce-4700-bc96-8a5d62132107","documentId":"osft-doc-1283","id":"c9","text":"Open Science aims at making the assessment of research more transparent.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"Open Science aims","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"At its core, Open Science aims at: “increasing research \nquality, boosting collaboration, speeding up the \nresearch process, making the assessment of research \nmore transparent, promoting public access to scientific \nresults, as well as introducing more people to \nacademic research” 1.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1283/c10","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/989c552f198145d9","nativeRecordCid":"d1342c86-57f6-422a-937a-2ad0c6b691e7","documentId":"osft-doc-1283","id":"c10","text":"Open Science aims at promoting public access to scientific results.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"Open Science aims","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"At its core, Open Science aims at: “increasing research \nquality, boosting collaboration, speeding up the \nresearch process, making the assessment of research \nmore transparent, promoting public access to scientific \nresults, as well as introducing more people to \nacademic research” 1.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1283/c11","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/66c6ae37c4c24b15","nativeRecordCid":"21d64dad-2559-4c9a-847a-5284d8d925e3","documentId":"osft-doc-1283","id":"c11","text":"Open Science aims at introducing more people to academic research.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"Open Science aims","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"At its core, Open Science aims at: “increasing research \nquality, boosting collaboration, speeding up the \nresearch process, making the assessment of research \nmore transparent, promoting public access to scientific \nresults, as well as introducing more people to \nacademic research” 1.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1283/c12","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/40ff73ec011245a3","nativeRecordCid":"3ab515d1-6847-4f24-bfa6-8fc068b0b785","documentId":"osft-doc-1283","id":"c12","text":"Open Science enables researchers to enhance the quality of curiosity-driven research.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"Open Science benefits for researchers","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"By taking advantage of Open \nScience, researchers can enhance the quality of \ncuriosity-driven research, maximise the value and \npotential impact of their work to create new avenues of \nknowledge, and drive scientific progress and Open \nInnovation within Europe and beyond 2.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1283/c13","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/8ef49dd2ec554f54","nativeRecordCid":"711f8978-d325-4da8-99b9-28abf9bb4712","documentId":"osft-doc-1283","id":"c13","text":"Open Science enables researchers to maximise the value and potential impact of their work, creating new avenues of knowledge.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"Open Science benefits for researchers","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"By taking advantage of Open \nScience, researchers can enhance the quality of \ncuriosity-driven research, maximise the value and \npotential impact of their work to create new avenues of \nknowledge, and drive scientific progress and Open \nInnovation within Europe and beyond 2.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1283/c14","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/a5806d1b21524d3a","nativeRecordCid":"30140dc4-0da6-4cac-91b7-301d5f683239","documentId":"osft-doc-1283","id":"c14","text":"Open Science enables researchers to drive scientific progress within Europe and beyond.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"Open Science benefits for researchers","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"By taking advantage of Open \nScience, researchers can enhance the quality of \ncuriosity-driven research, maximise the value and \npotential impact of their work to create new avenues of \nknowledge, and drive scientific progress and Open \nInnovation within Europe and beyond 2.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1283/c15","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/6522e2599f4d49f7","nativeRecordCid":"6fc9b6ef-3aaa-485d-ae88-dbdff516c44c","documentId":"osft-doc-1283","id":"c15","text":"Open Science enables researchers to drive Open Innovation within Europe and beyond.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"Open Science benefits for researchers","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"By taking advantage of Open \nScience, researchers can enhance the quality of \ncuriosity-driven research, maximise the value and \npotential impact of their work to create new avenues of \nknowledge, and drive scientific progress and Open \nInnovation within Europe and beyond 2.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1283/c16","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/49ad59f3b29242f3","nativeRecordCid":"72c9ed80-fa70-4db0-8d18-3a2c15550972","documentId":"osft-doc-1283","id":"c16","text":"Open Science makes research more transparent and accessible to citizens.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"Open Science and citizens","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Open Science \nalso makes research more transparent and accessible \nto citizens, and helps involve citizens more actively in \nresearch activities.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1283/c17","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/856f8fdd0180456b","nativeRecordCid":"9490bd68-d62a-4cc9-8a2a-660d7e2e75b1","documentId":"osft-doc-1283","id":"c17","text":"Open Science helps involve citizens more actively in research activities.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"Open Science and citizens","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Open Science \nalso makes research more transparent and accessible \nto citizens, and helps involve citizens more actively in \nresearch activities.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1283/c18","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/6e17751409574ca7","nativeRecordCid":"9889a10d-62c9-4d1f-80ee-8f224c662a7b","documentId":"osft-doc-1283","id":"c18","text":"Open Science provides policymakers, research institutions, funding bodies and researchers with an opportunity to critically consider what does and should count as high-quality research.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"Open Science opportunity for critical consideration","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Open Science thus “provides \npolicymakers, research institutions, funding bodies and \nresearchers themselves with an opportunity to critically \nconsider: what does and should count as high -quality \nresearch; what goals researchers should pursue; how \nresearch results should be e valuated and \ndisseminated; and how research should be supported \nand embedded within society”3.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1283/c19","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/8c4db229d08c4c11","nativeRecordCid":"ca2881a0-db2d-4bec-a4d5-5085f8c42462","documentId":"osft-doc-1283","id":"c19","text":"Open Science provides policymakers, research institutions, funding bodies and researchers with an opportunity to critically consider what goals researchers should pursue.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"Open Science opportunity for critical consideration","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Open Science thus “provides \npolicymakers, research institutions, funding bodies and \nresearchers themselves with an opportunity to critically \nconsider: what does and should count as high -quality \nresearch; what goals researchers should pursue; how \nresearch results should be e valuated and \ndisseminated; and how research should be supported \nand embedded within society”3.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1283/c20","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/815601ec8e80439a","nativeRecordCid":"377998bb-c7de-4173-8de4-fa0365827b03","documentId":"osft-doc-1283","id":"c20","text":"Open Science provides policymakers, research institutions, funding bodies and researchers with an opportunity to critically consider how research results should be evaluated and disseminated.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"Open Science opportunity for critical consideration","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Open Science thus “provides \npolicymakers, research institutions, funding bodies and \nresearchers themselves with an opportunity to critically \nconsider: what does and should count as high -quality \nresearch; what goals researchers should pursue; how \nresearch results should be e valuated and \ndisseminated; and how research should be supported \nand embedded within society”3.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1283/c21","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/78a6942517274ac5","nativeRecordCid":"e0a10537-fa81-4bde-b58b-bf4466d757aa","documentId":"osft-doc-1283","id":"c21","text":"Open Science provides policymakers, research institutions, funding bodies and researchers with an opportunity to critically consider how research should be supported and embedded within society.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"Open Science opportunity for critical consideration","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Open Science thus “provides \npolicymakers, research institutions, funding bodies and \nresearchers themselves with an opportunity to critically \nconsider: what does and should count as high -quality \nresearch; what goals researchers should pursue; how \nresearch results should be e valuated and \ndisseminated; and how research should be supported \nand embedded within society”3.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1283/c22","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/cdc62dd17ebc48e6","nativeRecordCid":"46b9ed8c-833e-494f-94bd-fb231aa94b6d","documentId":"osft-doc-1283","id":"c22","text":"Open Science must become embedded at every level and in every aspect of the scientific endeavour.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"","subject":"Open Science","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"For Open Science to be su ccessful, it must become \nembedded at every level and in every aspect of the \nscientific endeavour and not be perceived as separate \nfrom ( or even in competition with) current practice.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1283/c23","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/0f0650a0bb874b18","nativeRecordCid":"210f9c17-601d-4361-8f39-01a9e4a74db9","documentId":"osft-doc-1283","id":"c23","text":"Open Science must not be perceived as separate from, or in competition with, current practice.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"","subject":"Open Science","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"For Open Science to be su ccessful, it must become \nembedded at every level and in every aspect of the \nscientific endeavour and not be perceived as separate \nfrom ( or even in competition with) current practice.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1283/c24","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/54a94067380747fc","nativeRecordCid":"378fdb7f-4e63-4a58-8c04-a89037168d05","documentId":"osft-doc-1283","id":"c24","text":"Open Science must stimulate research integrity and quality, including sensitivity to disciplinary differences and confidentiality issues around knowledge sharing.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"","subject":"Open Science","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Open Science needs to stimulate research integrity \nand quality, which includes sensitivity to disciplinary \ndifferences and confidentiality issues around \nknowledge sharing.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1283/c25","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/dc5fce9c88e14862","nativeRecordCid":"e85d660e-800a-4756-a37b-9cef92aceb99","documentId":"osft-doc-1283","id":"c25","text":"Open Science requires a systemic shift in current practices to bring transparency across the system, ensure ongoing sustainability for the associated social and physical infrastructures, and foster greater public trust in Science.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"","subject":"Open Science practices","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Open Science requires a systemic \nshift in current practices to bring transparency across \nthe system, to ensure ongoing sustainability for the \nassociated social and physical infrastructures, and to \nfoster greater public trust in Science.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1283/c26","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/4b9f42495f4440e2","nativeRecordCid":"0c1455e4-37ce-43db-bd94-3b9bd59e59c7","documentId":"osft-doc-1283","id":"c26","text":"All stakeholders in research and its communication must take responsibility for supporting Open Science activities, including appropriate financial and administrative support to ensure long-term sustainability and minimize the bureaucratic burden on researchers.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"stakeholders in research and its communication","subject":"supporting Open Science activities","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"To enable this, all \nstakeholders in research and its com munication need \nto take responsibility for supporting Open Science \nactivities, which includes appropriate financial and \nadministrative support to ensure its long -term \nsustainability and minimize the bureaucratic burden on \nresearchers.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1283/c27","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/a58fd46f4da7449c","nativeRecordCid":"b760b0a8-085f-49bb-83e7-afa08ba84906","documentId":"osft-doc-1283","id":"c27","text":"All stakeholders, Member States and the European Commission must act on and actively promote Open Science amongst their respective communities.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"stakeholders, Member States and the European Commission","subject":"promoting Open Science","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"It is the responsibility of all stakeholders, Member \nStates and the European Commission  (EC) to act on \nand actively promote Open Science amongst their \nrespective communities, and to regularly and openly \nmonitor and report on progress 4.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1283/c28","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/e6eb69408b1947ae","nativeRecordCid":"16e98e29-6a10-4a0c-a764-a106a3c30e16","documentId":"osft-doc-1283","id":"c28","text":"Some individuals and groups may fall into two or more stakeholder categories.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"stakeholder categories","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"We recognise that some individuals and groups may \nfall into two or more stakeholder categories listed \nbelow, and we ask readers to identify with all groups \nthat are most relevant to their functions and activitie","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1283/c29","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/1b725cfde4444145","nativeRecordCid":"14721a88-2415-4775-bf97-4e063864d5f5","documentId":"osft-doc-1283","id":"c29","text":"Member States and stakeholders should appoint national coordinators and task forces for the implementation of Open Science.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"Member States and stakeholders","subject":"national coordinators and task forces","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"1. Appoint national coordinators and task forces for the implementation of Open Science.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1283/c30","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/3d5f14e444854baf","nativeRecordCid":"ffc021da-5000-453a-95d5-fa1cb0ff24f9","documentId":"osft-doc-1283","id":"c30","text":"National coordinators and task forces for Open Science must foster the development of funded national plans across all stakeholders involved, including Member States.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"national coordinators and task forces","subject":"funded national plans","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"This \ninstrument must foster the development of funded national plans and the alignment of the Open \nScience policy agenda across all stakeholders involved including Member States to ensure the \ncoordinated action required for tangible change towards an Open Science approach .","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1283/c31","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/d9b2d433eb5b4692","nativeRecordCid":"300a1355-9324-4e9d-b666-6d1ec117421c","documentId":"osft-doc-1283","id":"c31","text":"National coordinators and task forces for Open Science must foster the alignment of the Open Science policy agenda across all stakeholders involved, including Member States.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"national coordinators and task forces","subject":"Open Science policy agenda alignment","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"This \ninstrument must foster the development of funded national plans and the alignment of the Open \nScience policy agenda across all stakeholders involved including Member States to ensure the \ncoordinated action required for tangible change towards an Open Science approach .","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1283/c32","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/d275465d33c64443","nativeRecordCid":"32f5af12-8d24-4f7e-a187-2c8fdf41bb38","documentId":"osft-doc-1283","id":"c32","text":"Member States and stakeholders should ensure the scholarly infrastructure in Europe is highly interoperable to enable the simple and open sharing of metadata between systems, disciplines and countries.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"Member States and stakeholders","subject":"scholarly infrastructure interoperability","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"2. Ensure the scholarly infrastructure in Europe is highly interoperable to enable the simple and open \nsharing of metadata between systems, disciplines and countries, and that credit for research \ncontributions is given to all participants (including citizen scientists).","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1283/c33","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/47a394e1d50d4a40","nativeRecordCid":"1b418e35-5854-4a3f-a851-5de7ff256d06","documentId":"osft-doc-1283","id":"c33","text":"Member States and stakeholders should ensure that credit for research contributions is given to all participants, including citizen scientists.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"Member States and stakeholders","subject":"credit for research contributions","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"2. Ensure the scholarly infrastructure in Europe is highly interoperable to enable the simple and open \nsharing of metadata between systems, disciplines and countries, and that credit for research \ncontributions is given to all participants (including citizen scientists).","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1283/c34","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/d6c053838adb4efd","nativeRecordCid":"60d4e905-abe3-4231-a29d-fb818129d4ac","documentId":"osft-doc-1283","id":"c34","text":"All actors must require the use of standardised, unique persistent identifiers for researchers and outputs.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"all actors","subject":"persistent identifiers","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"This will need all actors to \nrequire the use of standardised, unique persistent identifiers for researchers and outputs, and for \nthe acknowledgement of diversity in researcher contributions.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1283/c35","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/49f66ffa53a447a4","nativeRecordCid":"a46f8bbc-b61f-43d9-9a62-18fdbdf9a59c","documentId":"osft-doc-1283","id":"c35","text":"All actors must require acknowledgement of diversity in researcher contributions.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"all actors","subject":"diversity in researcher contributions","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"This will need all actors to \nrequire the use of standardised, unique persistent identifiers for researchers and outputs, and for \nthe acknowledgement of diversity in researcher contributions.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1283/c36","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/d6914c575a554542","nativeRecordCid":"71b73909-381c-49b2-90bf-bfce9a665d1f","documentId":"osft-doc-1283","id":"c36","text":"Components of the ecosystem, including identifiers, metadata, vocabularies, data citations, repositories and other data-infrastructures, need to be developed where necessary, refined, standardized and implemented through dialogue with relevant research communities.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"","subject":"components of the research ecosystem","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Components of the ecosystem \n(identifiers, metadata, vocabularies, data citations, repositories and other data -infrastructures) \nneed to be developed where necessary, refined, standardized and implemented through dialogue \nwith relevant research communities.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1283/c37","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/78e627d508d048df","nativeRecordCid":"5743bed3-5a9a-4714-9804-6cf3f7a19542","documentId":"osft-doc-1283","id":"c37","text":"Standards and infrastructures that are developed need to be capable of adapting to innovations in Open Knowledge practices.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"","subject":"standards and infrastructures","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Whatever standards/infrastructures are developed, they need \nto be capable of adapting to innovations in Open Knowledge practices.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1283/c38","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/1e69742a24584f8f","nativeRecordCid":"ebdce7d5-9260-4c89-adce-4c43cfa4660d","documentId":"osft-doc-1283","id":"c38","text":"Member States and stakeholders should ensure the HR Strategy for Researchers (HRS4R) practices and FP9 evaluation reflect the principles required to effectively embed a culture of Open Science at the institutional level.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"Member States and stakeholders","subject":"HRS4R practices and FP9 evaluation","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"3. Ensure the HR Strategy for Researchers (HRS4R) practices and FP9 evaluation reflect the \nprinciples required to effectively embed a culture of Open Science at the institutional level.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1283/c39","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/e3dff3db89c349b9","nativeRecordCid":"f42f5ffe-632e-423b-a91d-ace639aecca2","documentId":"osft-doc-1283","id":"c39","text":"The HRS4R practices and FP9 evaluation must involve research integrity, including the social, ethical and legal implications.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"","subject":"HRS4R practices and FP9 evaluation","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"These \nmust involve research integrity (including the social, ethical and legal implications), researcher \nevaluation and the public availability of research outputs.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1283/c40","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/16d787d44e4d46ac","nativeRecordCid":"43140074-10ce-47fc-adb7-eea92ff56b68","documentId":"osft-doc-1283","id":"c40","text":"The HRS4R practices and FP9 evaluation must involve researcher evaluation.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"","subject":"HRS4R practices and FP9 evaluation","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"These \nmust involve research integrity (including the social, ethical and legal implications), researcher \nevaluation and the public availability of research outputs.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1283/c41","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/69361c0f0b4f41a5","nativeRecordCid":"78bf3507-5c48-4272-bbaa-14ae7d38bb7b","documentId":"osft-doc-1283","id":"c41","text":"The HRS4R practices and FP9 evaluation must involve the public availability of research outputs.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"","subject":"HRS4R practices and FP9 evaluation","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"These \nmust involve research integrity (including the social, ethical and legal implications), researcher \nevaluation and the public availability of research outputs.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1283/c42","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/c6f5f685ab914bd3","nativeRecordCid":"64e248c4-745e-4b47-ac35-f5a336886a98","documentId":"osft-doc-1283","id":"c42","text":"Codes for Open Science, Research Integrity and Recruitment need to be incorporated into The European Charter for Researchers and the FP9 grant agreement.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"","subject":"Codes for Open Science, Research Integrity and Recruitment","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Codes for Open Science, Research Integrity and Recruitment need to be incorporated into The European Charter for Researchers 5 \nand in the FP9 grant agreement.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1283/c43","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/e0bf697c0c43480c","nativeRecordCid":"78b5ad48-580a-4cc6-b16c-4bf8b9600fd7","documentId":"osft-doc-1283","id":"c43","text":"Institutions that apply for the 'Human Resources in Research Award' should be required to demonstrate explicitly how the best practices in Open Science are integrated into their HR processes and strategies.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"institutions applying for the Human Resources in Research Award","subject":"integration of Open Science best practices in HR processes","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Institutions that apply for the \n‘Human Resources in Research Award’ should be required to demonstrate explicitly how the best \npractices in Open Science are integrated into their HR processes and strategies.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1283/c44","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/f632a77ce03f4cf0","nativeRecordCid":"a327771e-073f-45c0-be9e-a963c975cb11","documentId":"osft-doc-1283","id":"c44","text":"Open Science literacy, together with other digital and information competencies, should be fostered as essential to European competitiveness at the global level.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"","subject":"Open Science literacy","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"4. Foster Open Science literacy as essential to European competitiveness at the global level, \ntogether with other digital and information competencies.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1283/c45","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/8320bba804284fc6","nativeRecordCid":"c3ed34d4-bd2c-4da5-8155-d9e09560262e","documentId":"osft-doc-1283","id":"c45","text":"Member States need to secure support for the development of an accredited curriculum for Open Science skills training that fosters Open Science behaviours such as IT and data literacy, from primary school through the whole educational system.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"Member States","subject":"accredited curriculum for Open Science skills training","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Member States need to secure support for the development of an accredited curriculum for Open \nScience skills training that fosters Open Science behaviours such as IT and data literacy, from \nprimary school through the whole educational system.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1283/c46","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/cdcf8252f79a4632","nativeRecordCid":"e87048e5-d8be-41fa-af0e-1448ae9b8a15","documentId":"osft-doc-1283","id":"c46","text":"A Europe-wide campaign, coordinated by the EC, should be implemented to raise awareness and communicate the benefits of Open Science among decision makers, research and education bodies, private sector, industrial and citizen organisations.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"Member States and stakeholders, coordinated by the EC","subject":"Europe-wide Open Science awareness campaign","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"5. Implement a Europe-wide campaign, coordinated by the EC, to raise awareness and communicate \nthe benefits of Open Science among decision makers, research and education bodies, private \nsector, industrial and citizen organisations.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1283/c47","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/faa03e118bb142e6","nativeRecordCid":"bc7be572-710c-4286-9805-7e036a852144","documentId":"osft-doc-1283","id":"c47","text":"Funders, research institutions and other evaluators of researchers should actively develop or adjust evaluation practices and routines to give extra credit to individuals, groups and projects who integrate Open Science within their research practice.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"funders, research institutions and other evaluators of researchers","subject":"evaluation practices and routines","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Funders, research \ninstitutions and other \nevaluators of researchers \nshould actively \ndevelop/adjust evaluation \npractices and routines to \ngive extra credit to \nindividuals, groups and \nprojects who integrate \nOpen Science within their \nresearch practice.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1283/c48","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/6803241482c6400c","nativeRecordCid":"3da873e9-6fa4-4e21-906b-5fe5660d68b9","documentId":"osft-doc-1283","id":"c48","text":"Studies must be commissioned and funded to propose guidelines for best practice and tools for research assessment by 2019, together with an active delivery plan and associated timeline for their implementation.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"","subject":"studies for research assessment guidelines","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Studies must be \ncommissioned and funded \nto propose guidelines for \nbest practice and tools for \nresearch assessment by \n2019, together with an \nactive delivery plan and \nassociated timeline for \ntheir implementation.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1283/c49","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/8e33b30552474c61","nativeRecordCid":"a2db95a1-1593-41f3-b4e3-c5f0302a73d4","documentId":"osft-doc-1283","id":"c49","text":"Guidelines for research assessment must take into account career stage and discipline.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"","subject":"guidelines for research assessment","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"These guidelines must \ntake into account career \nstage and discipline, and \nbe appropriately tailored to \ntheir target such as \nindividual, institution and \nso forth.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1283/c50","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/633b6e2066664ec2","nativeRecordCid":"ed1c5cd7-68d3-469e-a8c9-afa551f42074","documentId":"osft-doc-1283","id":"c50","text":"Guidelines for research assessment must be appropriately tailored to their target, such as individual or institution.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"","subject":"guidelines for research assessment","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"These guidelines must \ntake into account career \nstage and discipline, and \nbe appropriately tailored to \ntheir target such as \nindividual, institution and \nso forth.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1283/c51","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/8a3e2885297244d0","nativeRecordCid":"33282f03-1e4b-4e01-bf4e-f4696c5530f9","documentId":"osft-doc-1283","id":"c51","text":"Exemplars of innovation and good open science practice must be collated, taking into account the DORA Declaration, the Leiden Manifesto, the OS-CAM and other relevant initiatives.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"","subject":"exemplars of Open Science practice","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Exemplars of \ninnovation and good open \nscience practice must be \ncollated, taking into \naccount the DORA \nDeclaration, the Leiden \nManifesto, the OS-CAM \nand other relevant \ninitiatives.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1283/c52","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/f441fc758b4a4d7e","nativeRecordCid":"5c9e3f72-cf5f-4c8f-bbcf-1452e6cff1a9","documentId":"osft-doc-1283","id":"c52","text":"Public research performing and funding organisations should provide public and easily accessible information about the approaches and measures being used to evaluate researchers, research and research proposals.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"public research performing and funding organisations (RPOs/RFOs)","subject":"information about evaluation approaches","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Public research performing \nand funding organisations \n(RPOs/RFOs) should \nprovide public and easily \naccessible information \nabout the approaches and \nmeasures being used to \nevaluate researchers, \nresearch and research \nproposals.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1283/c53","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/bd104b7f3f434a0a","nativeRecordCid":"7b83f617-1a88-4e1d-bc04-b03fa86344f7","documentId":"osft-doc-1283","id":"c53","text":"The traditional academic career structure disincentivises Open Science because of the current focus on tenured positions based solely or largely on publication output.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"traditional academic career structure","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The \ntraditional academic \ncareer structure \ndisincentivises Open \nScience because of the \ncurrent focus on tenured \npositions based solely or \nlargely on publication \noutput.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1283/c54","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/bbbded9805594875","nativeRecordCid":"2510e782-be14-4d87-b8c2-e01e941ebe14","documentId":"osft-doc-1283","id":"c54","text":"Institutions need to have a career and reward structure for all researchers, and particularly for Early Career Researchers, that values and promotes a diverse range of outputs, activities and career directions.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"institutions","subject":"career and reward structure for researchers","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Institutions need to have a career and reward \nstructure for all \nresearchers, and \nparticularly for Early \nCareer Researchers \n(ECRs), that values and \npromotes a diverse range \nof outputs, activities and \ncareer directions.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1283/c55","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/c2c335ba870048d5","nativeRecordCid":"f2ca8665-9053-4207-94de-7279eb60e0d3","documentId":"osft-doc-1283","id":"c55","text":"The career and reward structure for researchers should include facilitating a means by which researchers can move between academia and industry or between national jurisdictions.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"institutions","subject":"career and reward structure for researchers","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"This \nshould include facilitating a \nmeans by which \nresearchers can, for \nexample, move between \nacademia and industry or \nbetween national \njurisdictions.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1283/c56","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/b7385e4761004385","nativeRecordCid":"6a738b28-61f7-4ef6-a8a9-4f732b7b19e8","documentId":"osft-doc-1283","id":"c56","text":"Evaluations of individual researchers or of research groups should not use journal brand or Impact Factor as a proxy for research quality.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"those evaluating individual researchers or research groups","subject":"use of journal brand or Impact Factor","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Evaluations of individual \nresearchers or of research \ngroups should not use \njournal brand or Impact \nFactor as a proxy for \nresearch quality.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1283/c57","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/d5b9dc8f253148ee","nativeRecordCid":"d7e52514-266f-45cc-937f-6a4da4afc821","documentId":"osft-doc-1283","id":"c57","text":"Those responsible for hiring, promotion, funding and/or the evaluation of researchers must use a broader, tailored range of quantitative and qualitative indicators of research activity, progression and impact that incentivises and rewards open research practice.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"those responsible for hiring, promotion, funding and/or evaluation of researchers","subject":"indicators used in researcher evaluation","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Those \nresponsible for hiring, \npromotion, funding and/or \nthe evaluation of \nresearchers must use a \nbroader, tailored range of \nquantitative and qualitative \nindicators of research \nactivity, progression and \nimpact that incentivises \nand rewards open \nresearch practice.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1283/c58","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/20c9df401dfa4d34","nativeRecordCid":"b6831c62-9e8a-4a7e-9c9c-dc756a4bfb91","documentId":"osft-doc-1283","id":"c58","text":"All publication venues must prominently display a broad range of indicators for all research outputs.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"publication venues","subject":"display of research indicators","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"All \npublication venues must \nprominently display a \nbroad range of indicators \nfor all research outputs.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1283/c59","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/077465c2c8ba4a2d","nativeRecordCid":"411057ac-37eb-4bf1-b755-8ea6bd58ce49","documentId":"osft-doc-1283","id":"c59","text":"Quantitative and qualitative indicators need to be identified and developed for research assessment that captures the full range of contributions to the knowledge system.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"","subject":"indicators for research assessment","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Quantitative and \nqualitative indicators need \nto be identified and \ndeveloped for research \nassessment that captures \nthe full range of \ncontributions to the \nknowledge system.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1283/c60","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/c41c2c9d07714ba0","nativeRecordCid":"174cf808-910e-458b-a949-eb7b81495668","documentId":"osft-doc-1283","id":"c60","text":"Indicators for research assessment should reflect the complexity and varied context of the research environment.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"","subject":"indicators for research assessment","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"These \nshould reflect the \ncomplexity and varied \ncontext of the research \nenvironment, the specific \ncharacteristics of the \nresearch being \nundertaken, as well as the \nnew kinds of questions \nand results that might \nemerge in an open \nsystem.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1283/c61","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/6f128fb09c204a45","nativeRecordCid":"e2c10e78-c624-4736-b761-8020ce30b165","documentId":"osft-doc-1283","id":"c61","text":"Indicators for research assessment should reflect the specific characteristics of the research being undertaken.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"","subject":"indicators for research assessment","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"These \nshould reflect the \ncomplexity and varied \ncontext of the research \nenvironment, the specific \ncharacteristics of the \nresearch being \nundertaken, as well as the \nnew kinds of questions \nand results that might \nemerge in an open \nsystem.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1283/c62","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/b0a6838e217d4b36","nativeRecordCid":"4515e39d-6830-4a82-b573-6a6ef15dabdc","documentId":"osft-doc-1283","id":"c62","text":"Indicators for research assessment should reflect the new kinds of questions and results that might emerge in an open system.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"","subject":"indicators for research assessment","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"These \nshould reflect the \ncomplexity and varied \ncontext of the research \nenvironment, the specific \ncharacteristics of the \nresearch being \nundertaken, as well as the \nnew kinds of questions \nand results that might \nemerge in an open \nsystem.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1283/c63","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/7c2de6f7e1284e55","nativeRecordCid":"7044c641-df4b-4cd1-b58a-8b699fcc8044","documentId":"osft-doc-1283","id":"c63","text":"Experiments, pilots and case studies assessing the validity of research indicators need to be undertaken urgently and included as part of FP9 with appropriate funding allocated to support them.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"","subject":"pilots assessing research indicators","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Experiments, pilots and \ncase studies assessing the \nvalidity of such indicators \nneed to be undertaken \nurgently, and included as \npart of FP9 with \nappropriate funding \nallocated to support them.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1283/c64","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/c6061ad5fd284905","nativeRecordCid":"25c92e31-de46-41ab-8c72-fb86f28e2cb5","documentId":"osft-doc-1283","id":"c64","text":"The results and data of pilots assessing the validity of research indicators must be made publicly available as exemplars for further implementation.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"","subject":"results and data of indicator pilots","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The \nresults and data of these \npilots must be made \npublicly available as \nexemplars for further \nimplementation.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1283/c65","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/69c5ac7ac42a47ea","nativeRecordCid":"e95b26f9-ad91-4356-b805-92a8716999df","documentId":"osft-doc-1283","id":"c65","text":"All researchers need to be identified through an ORCID ID.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"","subject":"researcher identification","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"All researchers need to be \nidentified through an \nORCID ID.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1283/c66","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/00452bfc2c9d4f0c","nativeRecordCid":"35bf8dda-aecc-4a5e-ab49-ddaf29938df7","documentId":"osft-doc-1283","id":"c66","text":"Best practice for CV/biosketch evaluation should be developed and publicly showcased to encourage a broader recognition of the range of verifiable, and especially open, contributions individuals make to the knowledge system, including teaching, peer review and the production of a broad range of output types.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"","subject":"best practice for CV/biosketch evaluation","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Best practice \nfor CV/biosketch \nevaluation should be \ndeveloped and publicly \nshowcased to encourage a \nbroader recognition of the \nrange of verifiable (and \nespecially open) \ncontributions individuals \nmake to the knowledge \nsystem, including teaching \nand peer review, and the \nproduction of a broad \nrange of output types.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1283/c67","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/605fcb1c050e4d72","nativeRecordCid":"20744956-b509-4523-934b-9521d7f9c117","documentId":"osft-doc-1283","id":"c67","text":"The career narrative should be central to the evaluation of individual researchers, as it provides the crucial context in which indicators can be interpreted.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"","subject":"career narrative in researcher evaluation","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The career narrative should be \ncentral to the evaluation of \nindividual researchers as it \nprovides the crucial \ncontext in which indicators \ncan be interpreted.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1283/c68","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/f220ac2322f249d2","nativeRecordCid":"14e99c66-cc43-4fe8-9741-c2e8f574725c","documentId":"osft-doc-1283","id":"c68","text":"The data, metadata and methods that are relevant to research evaluation, including but not limited to citations, downloads and other potential indicators of academic re-use, should be publicly available for independent scrutiny and analysis by researchers, institutions, funders and other stakeholders.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"","subject":"data, metadata and methods relevant to research evaluation","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The data, metadata and methods that are relevant \nto research evaluation, including but not limited to \ncitations, downloads and other potential indicators of \nacademic re-use, should be publicly available for \nindependent scrutiny and analysis by researchers, \ninstitutions, funders and other stakeholders.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1283/c69","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/d03243b056b44c81","nativeRecordCid":"2a895e17-6bfa-4ee0-96a9-f45c6f8e69a8","documentId":"osft-doc-1283","id":"c69","text":"All published research outputs from public funding in Europe must be made public in a way that ensures immediate Open Access, while being sensitive to disciplinary differences.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"","subject":"published research outputs from public funding","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"All published research \noutputs from public funding \nin Europe must be made \npublic in a way that \nensures both immediate \nOpen Access and full text \nand data mining rights of \nthat content, while being \nsensitive to disciplinary \ndifferences*.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1283/c70","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/0a328006d9af42b7","nativeRecordCid":"f10350a3-aa73-44fa-a4ed-258150144d7f","documentId":"osft-doc-1283","id":"c70","text":"All published research outputs from public funding in Europe must be made public in a way that ensures full text and data mining rights of that content, while being sensitive to disciplinary differences.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"","subject":"published research outputs from public funding","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"All published research \noutputs from public funding \nin Europe must be made \npublic in a way that \nensures both immediate \nOpen Access and full text \nand data mining rights of \nthat content, while being \nsensitive to disciplinary \ndifferences*.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1283/c71","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/60907c626ee044dd","nativeRecordCid":"846eb53a-e11a-4805-a420-35cbb2fdfc4a","documentId":"osft-doc-1283","id":"c71","text":"Venues used for the publication of research outputs must ensure long-term archiving.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"venues used for the publication of research outputs","subject":"long-term archiving","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Venues used \nfor the publication of \nresearch outputs must \nensure long-term archiving \nand provide clear, \nconsistent and easily \naccessible and machine-\nreadable information on \ntheir Open Science \npolicies.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1283/c72","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/9a66c50644954f88","nativeRecordCid":"4595cf79-707a-48be-9b8b-5e203bf71fa6","documentId":"osft-doc-1283","id":"c72","text":"Venues used for the publication of research outputs must provide clear, consistent, easily accessible and machine-readable information on their Open Science policies.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"venues used for the publication of research outputs","subject":"information on Open Science policies","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Venues used \nfor the publication of \nresearch outputs must \nensure long-term archiving \nand provide clear, \nconsistent and easily \naccessible and machine-\nreadable information on \ntheir Open Science \npolicies.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1283/c73","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/1afa563a2b5647bd","nativeRecordCid":"ccab69f8-7b90-4e7e-96b7-b7d456605cef","documentId":"osft-doc-1283","id":"c73","text":"Each Member State, together with its respective stakeholders, must develop policies to guarantee compliance with the EU Open Access mandate, including both incentives and enforcement, by 2020.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"each Member State, together with its respective stakeholders","subject":"policies for EU Open Access mandate compliance","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Each Member State, \ntogether with its respective \nstakeholders, must \ndevelop policies to \nguarantee compliance with \nthe EU Open Access \nmandate, including both \nincentives and \nenforcement, by 2020.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1283/c74","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/709d4fa526ca4eff","nativeRecordCid":"3157f1a7-005d-4bf8-8a5b-4d3a7a5b5f67","documentId":"osft-doc-1283","id":"c74","text":"The development of policies to guarantee compliance with the EU Open Access mandate must happen in ways that are sensitive to disciplinary differences, the financial investment required and fast-changing publishing systems.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"each Member State, together with its respective stakeholders","subject":"development of Open Access compliance policies","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"This needs to happen in \nways that are sensitive to \ndisciplinary differences, \nthe financial investment \nrequired and fast-changing \npublishing systems.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1283/c75","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/73aa619475ed4b6c","nativeRecordCid":"f9a4a29e-f0db-4caf-9faf-e95a298080c9","documentId":"osft-doc-1283","id":"c75","text":"All authors must make their data and software appearing in their open access publications FAIR (Findable, Accessible, Interoperable and Reusable), excluding, if relevant, data owned by third parties.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"all authors","subject":"data and software in open access publications","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"All authors must make \ntheir data and software \n(i.e. excluding, if relevant, \ndata owned by third-\nparties, etc) appearing in \ntheir open access \npublications FAIR \n(Findable, Accessible, \nInteroperable and \nReusable).","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1283/c76","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/51650e231cee48ca","nativeRecordCid":"aaf9c23f-d197-4ca5-8a3c-a7acd8dde09a","documentId":"osft-doc-1283","id":"c76","text":"A key requirement for making data and software FAIR is deposition in a trusted repository that adheres to FAIR principles.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"authors","subject":"deposition of FAIR data and software","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"To this end, a \nkey requirement is \ndeposition in a trusted \nrepository that adheres to \nFAIR principles.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1283/c77","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/a6f613c06ede43d6","nativeRecordCid":"f6351657-86db-44b9-b5b9-73ee42dcebc5","documentId":"osft-doc-1283","id":"c77","text":"All publications must include a statement of FAIR compliance for the source data underpinning their claims.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"authors","subject":"publications' FAIR compliance statement","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"In \naddition, all publications \nmust include a statement \nof FAIR compliance for the \nsource data underpinning \ntheir claims and the \nlicence for its reuse.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1283/c78","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/344a4a57cedb4eed","nativeRecordCid":"8e890db3-3de2-4305-b3fc-cecd74818099","documentId":"osft-doc-1283","id":"c78","text":"All publications must include the licence for reuse of the source data underpinning their claims.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"authors","subject":"publications' data reuse licence","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"In \naddition, all publications \nmust include a statement \nof FAIR compliance for the \nsource data underpinning \ntheir claims and the \nlicence for its reuse.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1283/c79","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/37b8f164f40941c3","nativeRecordCid":"c7fc338f-7a6c-4e47-b0f2-f8a9add4206e","documentId":"osft-doc-1283","id":"c79","text":"All publication venues must prominently display their Open Access and FAIR data policies.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"publication venues","subject":"display of OA and FAIR data policies","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"All publication venues \nmust prominently display \ntheir Open Access and \nFAIR data policies.","representedInStars":false}
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{"key":"osft-doc-1283/c110","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/3bfadf7290804540","nativeRecordCid":"d05b7091-99b6-44aa-a346-b5af0c8ff308","documentId":"osft-doc-1283","id":"c110","text":"Funders, including the EC through FP9, must ensure that there is adequate training given to the researchers they fund, either through the researcher's institution or provided via other means.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"funders, including the EC through FP9","subject":"training for funded researchers","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Funders (including the EC \nthrough FP9) must ensure \nthat there is adequate \ntraining given to the \nresearchers they fund, \neither through the \nresearcher’s institution, or \nprovided via other means.","representedInStars":false}
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{"key":"osft-doc-1283/c113","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/a2e24106ec2e4323","nativeRecordCid":"fd21c0a4-c0d2-4156-9002-377058978f9a","documentId":"osft-doc-1283","id":"c113","text":"The task of undertaking independent quality control checks needs to be adequately funded.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"","subject":"funding of independent quality control checks","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The task of undertaking \nthese independent checks \nneeds to be adequately \nfunded.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1283/c114","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/d5fbcb20f55f4c5a","nativeRecordCid":"2ce7d4a6-2e75-47c2-9bce-e221be6a3de9","documentId":"osft-doc-1283","id":"c114","text":"Outputs that pass quality control checks should be recognised and rewarded in research and researcher evaluation systems, such as FP9.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"","subject":"outputs passing quality control checks","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Outputs that pass \nthese checks should be \nrecognised and rewarded \nin research and researcher \nevaluation systems, such \nas FP9.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1283/c115","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/7c942bf548794e95","nativeRecordCid":"01f5454c-0887-433e-9740-18ed8e1578aa","documentId":"osft-doc-1283","id":"c115","text":"Research Performing Organizations need to work towards the design of appropriate Open Science training that is consistent across Member States, including data literacy, ethics and research integrity, for all researchers, research managers and administrators and other research ecosystem staff, and students.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"Research Performing Organizations","subject":"Open Science training design","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Research Performing Organizations (RPOs) need to \nwork towards the design of appropriate Open Science \ntraining that is consistent across Member States, \nincluding data literacy, ethics and research integrity, for:  \n All researchers, at all levels from early career \nresearchers to senior researchers (R1-R4).","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1283/c116","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/c5cd9372b6114008","nativeRecordCid":"108ae7cf-087f-4673-88bb-02d8f59aa786","documentId":"osft-doc-1283","id":"c116","text":"Open Science skills need to be explicitly tailored to diverse career paths.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"","subject":"Open Science skills","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Open \nScience skills need to be explicitly tailored to diverse \ncareer paths.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1283/c117","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/256bfba589234502","nativeRecordCid":"e855926f-04f4-49ff-9480-789f1ce76582","documentId":"osft-doc-1283","id":"c117","text":"Policy makers, funders and institutions must provide incentives and support towards developing Open Science mentoring and training within a supportive culture and environment.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"policy makers, funders and institutions","subject":"incentives and support for Open Science training","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Policy makers, funders and institutions must provide \nincentives and support towards developing Open \nScience mentoring and training within a supportive \nculture and environment.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1283/c118","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/4b88250c7e3c4663","nativeRecordCid":"b618e396-b4f9-4fc5-900a-83b44c68600c","documentId":"osft-doc-1283","id":"c118","text":"A common set of baseline skills on Open Science is a fundamental part of a researcher's education.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"researcher's education","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"A fundamental part of a researcher’s education is to have \na common set of baseline skills on Open Science which \nmust be integrated in the European Framework of \nResearch Careers (EFRC) and the Innovative Doctoral \nTraining Principles (IDTP).","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1283/c119","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/9c3842b80da640f4","nativeRecordCid":"895e3fa9-0017-46df-bdfd-d5f59748ea8d","documentId":"osft-doc-1283","id":"c119","text":"Baseline skills on Open Science must be integrated in the European Framework of Research Careers (EFRC) and the Innovative Doctoral Training Principles (IDTP).","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"","subject":"baseline Open Science skills","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"A fundamental part of a researcher’s education is to have \na common set of baseline skills on Open Science which \nmust be integrated in the European Framework of \nResearch Careers (EFRC) and the Innovative Doctoral \nTraining Principles (IDTP).","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1283/c120","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/f6620476d644460d","nativeRecordCid":"23947c3b-e799-42cd-b8c0-734f7f5a55f3","documentId":"osft-doc-1283","id":"c120","text":"Publicly funded Citizen Science projects should actively apply the principles of Open Science, including openness and reuse of all research outputs, data and publications.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"publicly funded Citizen Science projects","subject":"application of Open Science principles","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Publicly funded Citizen \nScience projects (as part of \nFP9 projects) should \nactively apply the \nprinciples of Open Science \n(including openness and \nreuse of all research \noutputs, data and \npublications).","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1283/c121","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/cfbc6458451b4fe4","nativeRecordCid":"af2c250e-491b-45cf-a2f2-bd947a5129fe","documentId":"osft-doc-1283","id":"c121","text":"Research-performing organisations should promote infrastructures and human capacity to create a supportive and open environment for Citizen Science.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"research-performing organisations","subject":"environment for Citizen Science","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Research-performing \norganisations (RPOs) are \nencouraged to promote \ninfrastructures and human \ncapacity to create a \nsupportive and open \nenvironment for Citizen \nScience, which can further \nstrengthen the outreach of \nRPOs to society.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1283/c122","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/3059b3f4d30549e3","nativeRecordCid":"c0519bc3-5a03-499c-aa5a-cf156248a369","documentId":"osft-doc-1283","id":"c122","text":"Creating a supportive and open environment for Citizen Science can further strengthen the outreach of research-performing organisations to society.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"environment for Citizen Science","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Research-performing \norganisations (RPOs) are \nencouraged to promote \ninfrastructures and human \ncapacity to create a \nsupportive and open \nenvironment for Citizen \nScience, which can further \nstrengthen the outreach of \nRPOs to society.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1283/c123","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/fa37ebd90bf942f8","nativeRecordCid":"5a47ddb2-c38e-45d8-95c2-06a8ce8d3d78","documentId":"osft-doc-1283","id":"c123","text":"Research libraries are well placed to contribute actively to the necessary coordination and communication infrastructures as well as relevant training for Citizen Science, fostering skills such as community management, co-production of knowledge, Open Science standards and social diversity.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"research libraries' role in Citizen Science","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Research \nlibraries are well placed, \namongst others, to \ncontribute actively to the \nnecessary coordination \nand communication \ninfrastructures as well as \nrelevant training, fostering \nskills such as community \nmanagement, co-\nproduction of knowledge, \nOpen Science standards \nand social diversity.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1283/c124","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/77e3f0d5be02421e","nativeRecordCid":"fed51901-668e-402b-a272-4309acede1a1","documentId":"osft-doc-1283","id":"c124","text":"Appropriate funding and incentives need to be put in place to support Citizen Science.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"","subject":"funding and incentives for Citizen Science","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Appropriate \nfunding and incentives \nneed to be put in place to \nsupport this endeavour.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1283/c125","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/7ae0e282257c4e8e","nativeRecordCid":"89f655d3-46d6-463f-a0d7-bc56cdc3ccfe","documentId":"osft-doc-1283","id":"c125","text":"The EC must support an online toolkit for Citizen Science in Europe.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"the EC","subject":"online toolkit for Citizen Science","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The EC must support an \nonline toolkit for Citizen \nScience in Europe.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1283/c126","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/9e7fcfe54dcb4965","nativeRecordCid":"9d39cf64-9bf5-4bb9-ba2c-989c5abb6f90","documentId":"osft-doc-1283","id":"c126","text":"The online toolkit for Citizen Science must promote Citizen Science as a European asset, offering an entry point and mutual learning space, interconnecting with existing activities and infrastructures at the European, national and local level.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"the online toolkit for Citizen Science","subject":"role of the toolkit","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"This tool must \npromote Citizen Science as \na European asset, offering \nan entry point and mutual \nlearning space, \ninterconnecting with \nexisting activities and \ninfrastructures at the \nEuropean, national and \nlocal level.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1283/c127","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/00cbc5e0e3d24a6b","nativeRecordCid":"c62af0b9-07da-43d9-ac5a-ff43757f65cd","documentId":"osft-doc-1283","id":"c127","text":"The online toolkit for Citizen Science should highlight particular achievements and best practices.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"the online toolkit for Citizen Science","subject":"highlighting achievements","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"It should \nhighlight particular \nachievements and best \npractices, and promote a \nclear set of principles, \nguidelines & quality criteria \nfor Citizen Science.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1283/c128","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/b1627240e6ca4c62","nativeRecordCid":"9c46aebb-f7a9-49ba-9e18-bbd23a5b02a7","documentId":"osft-doc-1283","id":"c128","text":"The online toolkit for Citizen Science should promote a clear set of principles, guidelines and quality criteria for Citizen Science.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"the online toolkit for Citizen Science","subject":"promoting principles and guidelines","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"It should \nhighlight particular \nachievements and best \npractices, and promote a \nclear set of principles, \nguidelines & quality criteria \nfor Citizen Science.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1283/c129","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/575dc60ceba447cf","nativeRecordCid":"684b092e-fdcc-4b53-9be1-6a3d6a231031","documentId":"osft-doc-1283","id":"c129","text":"Funding for Citizen Science projects should be flexible, long-term and allow for small or experimental projects in collaboration with key stakeholders to be funded.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"","subject":"funding for Citizen Science projects","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Funding for Citizen \nScience projects should be \nflexible, long-term and \nallow for small or \nexperimental projects in \ncollaboration with key \nstakeholders to be funded.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1283/c130","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/ad69b63c0c01408d","nativeRecordCid":"8b144e5e-2edb-43cf-b941-ad64dc361a51","documentId":"osft-doc-1283","id":"c130","text":"A small section of FP9 should be set aside for citizens to propose research topics or projects.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"FP9","subject":"FP9 section for citizen-proposed research","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"A small section of FP9 \nshould be set aside for \ncitizens to propose \nresearch topics or projects.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1283/c131","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/f33250f2cdae4718","nativeRecordCid":"05436f7e-95d1-48a5-ba98-11c197f8fc76","documentId":"osft-doc-1283","id":"c131","text":"Citizen-proposed research topics or projects should be chosen on the basis that they are high risk, beyond traditional research fields and conform to the rigorous standards expected of other projects.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"","subject":"selection of citizen-proposed research","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"These should be chosen \non the basis that they are \nhigh risk, beyond \ntraditional research fields \nand conform to the \nrigorous standards \nexpected of other projects.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1283/c132","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/449659fc5d694272","nativeRecordCid":"5e06e659-9024-47f8-be5e-4c0804b9b5a7","documentId":"osft-doc-1283","id":"c132","text":"Successful proposers of citizen-proposed research need to work with compliant institutions.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"successful proposers of citizen-proposed research","subject":"working with compliant institutions","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Successful proposers will \nneed to work with \ncompliant institutions.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1283/c133","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/9a0e766a0af14db9","nativeRecordCid":"99361bf1-906a-463c-92c8-da1778091ba9","documentId":"osft-doc-1283","id":"c133","text":"An Early Career Researcher (ECR) typically refers to a R1-R2 level of researcher, often including researchers during their PhD up to 7-12 years after their PhD dissertation.","kind":"definitional","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"Early Career Researcher (ECR)","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"ECR Early Career Researcher, typically R1-R2 level of researcher, often including \nresearchers during their PhD up to 7-12 years after their PhD dissertation.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1283/c134","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/34d91bf208c64adf","nativeRecordCid":"bcfefcf1-ba76-4b84-b7bd-2d78aae00e2b","documentId":"osft-doc-1283","id":"c134","text":"EOSC (European Open Science Cloud) is a large infrastructure (cloud) for research data in Europe.","kind":"definitional","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"EOSC","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"EOSC European Open Science Cloud, a large infrastructure (cloud) for research \ndata in Europe. EOSC is the vision of the EC to support and develop Open \nScience and Open Innovation in Europe and beyond, to give Europe a \nglobal lead in scientific data infrastructures and to ensure that European \nscientists reap the full benefits of data-driven science.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1283/c135","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/5d6b8aed939c4dad","nativeRecordCid":"1f0ca868-4b8a-4b10-ab7b-c6d1460ad84e","documentId":"osft-doc-1283","id":"c135","text":"EOSC is the vision of the EC to support and develop Open Science and Open Innovation in Europe and beyond, to give Europe a global lead in scientific data infrastructures and to ensure that European scientists reap the full benefits of data-driven science.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"EOSC","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"EOSC European Open Science Cloud, a large infrastructure (cloud) for research \ndata in Europe. EOSC is the vision of the EC to support and develop Open \nScience and Open Innovation in Europe and beyond, to give Europe a \nglobal lead in scientific data infrastructures and to ensure that European \nscientists reap the full benefits of data-driven science.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1283/c136","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/e3fa31d236414f7a","nativeRecordCid":"61100bd8-4f6b-43d5-9231-c78d255843f9","documentId":"osft-doc-1283","id":"c136","text":"FAIR is a set of agreed principles applicable to Research Data.","kind":"definitional","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"FAIR","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"FAIR Findable, Accessible, Interoperable and Reusable. Set of agreed principles \napplicable to Research Data.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1283/c137","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/c11fd7bb65214047","nativeRecordCid":"58648d4b-d0f0-4ec1-afc3-569d8f2b2121","documentId":"osft-doc-1283","id":"c137","text":"HRS4R, the 'HR Strategy for Researchers', supports research institutions and funding organisations in the implementation of the Charter & Code in their policies and practices.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"HRS4R","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"HRS4R The ‘HR Strategy for Researchers’, which supports research institutions and \nfunding organisations in the implementation of the Charter & Code in their \npolicies and practices.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1283/c138","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/dfabf29d37da474d","nativeRecordCid":"63e9fd2e-024b-417f-88b1-1678ba305d60","documentId":"osft-doc-1283","id":"c138","text":"OSPP is a High Level Advisory Group established by the Commission to provide advice on the development and implementation of Open Science in Europe.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"OSPP","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"OSPP Open Science Policy Platform. High Level Advisory Group established by \nthe Commission in May 2016 to provide advice on the development and \nimplementation of Open Science in Europe.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1283/c139","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/ef87afb2c87148d2","nativeRecordCid":"9da708a8-209c-485b-9909-2a909dfac426","documentId":"osft-doc-1283","id":"c139","text":"A Trusted Repository means a data repository that meets the Core Trust Seal (CTS) requirements, a collaborative assessment system of the DSA Data Seal of Approval (Research Data Alliance – RDA) and the ICSU (International Council for Science) World Data System.","kind":"definitional","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"Trusted Repository","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Trusted repository For the purpose of these recommendations, a Trusted Repository means a \ndata repository that meets the Core Trust Seal (CTS) requirements, a \ncollaborative assessment system of the DSA Data Seal of Approval \n(Research Data Alliance – RDA) and the ICSU (International Council for \nScience) World Data System.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1287/c1","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/faf93f5e73c04be5","nativeRecordCid":"51aef49b-aaad-4fd5-bf23-443d4711dd02","documentId":"osft-doc-1287","id":"c1","text":"The gains made by opening content and data will be under threat if the enclosure of scholarly infrastructures is allowed.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"gains from open content and data","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Everything we have gained by opening content and data will be under threat if we allow the enclosure of scholarly infrastructures.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1287/c2","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/41fed4093dce4c7d","nativeRecordCid":"641bc9da-a89d-4ffa-a205-849511415526","documentId":"osft-doc-1287","id":"c2","text":"Data about the research process itself should receive the same level of respect and care as data supporting research claims.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"","subject":"data about the research process","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"We believe that data about the research process itself deserves exactly the same level of respect and care.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1287/c3","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/5525550730c741e8","nativeRecordCid":"87e3aab7-f8a2-471f-b5e6-7afae66e357b","documentId":"osft-doc-1287","id":"c3","text":"The scholarly community does not own or control most of the information generated by the research process.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"the scholarly community","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The scholarly community does not own or control most of this information.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1287/c4","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/1a987f0c6d794378","nativeRecordCid":"44e22afb-15ed-48b3-8596-fdabcf0240fe","documentId":"osft-doc-1287","id":"c4","text":"Metadata generated in scholarly online discussions is increasingly held by private enterprises.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"metadata from scholarly online discussions","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Similarly, today the metadata generated in scholarly online discussions are increasingly held by private enterprises.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1287/c5","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/094aa891f51b427c","nativeRecordCid":"4044796f-9f45-433b-8a38-b32001f99289","documentId":"osft-doc-1287","id":"c5","text":"The private enterprises holding this scholarly metadata do not answer to any community board.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"private enterprises holding scholarly metadata","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"They do not answer to any community board.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1287/c6","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/1e16627b8de04804","nativeRecordCid":"74e7337c-e1b0-4e02-9b6d-79fcaa00b745","documentId":"osft-doc-1287","id":"c6","text":"The private enterprises holding this scholarly metadata have no obligation to continue providing services at their current rates, particularly when that rate is zero.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"private enterprises holding scholarly metadata","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"They have no obligations to continue to provide services at their current rates, particularly when that rate is zero.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1287/c7","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/1290f9fa3274413a","nativeRecordCid":"c77f1a65-1f8f-489c-aaaa-a7c051e2d045","documentId":"osft-doc-1287","id":"c7","text":"Private enterprise has a strength in innovation.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"private enterprise","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"We do not contest the strengths of private enterprise: innovation and customer focus.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1287/c8","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/652ff4f515e74b03","nativeRecordCid":"323bccdc-d943-4135-beef-43ecb1656cf6","documentId":"osft-doc-1287","id":"c8","text":"Private enterprise has a strength in customer focus.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"private enterprise","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"We do not contest the strengths of private enterprise: innovation and customer focus.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1287/c9","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/f963c90d3a6d4278","nativeRecordCid":"ab94632d-f214-4c36-9fe5-541ac9330e75","documentId":"osft-doc-1287","id":"c9","text":"There is a lot of exciting innovation in the scholarly infrastructure space, much of it coming from private, for-profit interests or public-private partnerships.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"innovation in scholarly infrastructure","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"There is a lot of exciting innovation in this space, much it coming from private, for profit interests, or public-private partnerships.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1287/c10","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/6a608948cd7b4bac","nativeRecordCid":"7ab26dd2-5ea4-494b-a4ab-9bc4d83d7008","documentId":"osft-doc-1287","id":"c10","text":"Even publicly funded infrastructure projects are under substantial pressure to show revenue opportunities.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"publicly funded infrastructure projects","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Even publicly funded projects are under substantial pressures to show revenue opportunities.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1287/c11","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/52e16579d0fd418a","nativeRecordCid":"2dd40335-f4e5-4331-b0ba-9510677fe70d","documentId":"osft-doc-1287","id":"c11","text":"A lack of community engagement leads to a lack of community control over infrastructure.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"lack of community engagement","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"We believe we risk repeating the mistakes of the past, where a lack of community engagement lead to a lack of community control, and the locking up of community resources.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1287/c12","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/53c21375b00d46ad","nativeRecordCid":"f9a6532b-bea6-4470-9c73-23eaa0b97f6f","documentId":"osft-doc-1287","id":"c12","text":"A lack of community engagement leads to the locking up of community resources.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"lack of community engagement","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"We believe we risk repeating the mistakes of the past, where a lack of community engagement lead to a lack of community control, and the locking up of community resources.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1287/c13","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/47d175ee6935487c","nativeRecordCid":"8aee2e4b-efe0-40cb-8c19-bb29b69f1ac7","documentId":"osft-doc-1287","id":"c13","text":"The underlying data generated by the actions of the research community should be a community resource, supporting informed decision making for the community and providing a base for private enterprise to provide value-added services.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"","subject":"underlying research community data","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"In particular our view is that the underlying data that is generated by the actions of the research community should be a community resource – supporting informed decision making for the community as well as providing as base for private enterprise to provide value added services.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1287/c14","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/d17fdc3a2fb94b1f","nativeRecordCid":"0c88ec04-4866-4da2-b53b-f34407e58d00","documentId":"osft-doc-1287","id":"c14","text":"Infrastructure at its best is invisible.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"successful infrastructure","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Infrastructure at its best is invisible.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1287/c15","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/5c3ef75cccc543df","nativeRecordCid":"56123e86-166e-4eec-a371-e4d591944d09","documentId":"osft-doc-1287","id":"c15","text":"Infrastructure tends to only be noticed when it fails.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"infrastructure","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"We tend to only notice it when it fails.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1287/c16","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/b9e3e79de8f14074","nativeRecordCid":"cc4ad3f0-8e8c-43cc-a062-3b6c87e0e0aa","documentId":"osft-doc-1287","id":"c16","text":"Successful infrastructure is stable.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"successful infrastructure","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"If successful, it is stable and sustainable.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1287/c17","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/d5a4bc81b71a4268","nativeRecordCid":"b810f5f5-7bf8-4036-a8b8-2d4bd5d9a2e6","documentId":"osft-doc-1287","id":"c17","text":"Successful infrastructure is sustainable.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"successful infrastructure","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"If successful, it is stable and sustainable.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1287/c18","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/63b051e9114d4b6b","nativeRecordCid":"afd9cb94-36b0-45b4-a89e-f6cb4c507d39","documentId":"osft-doc-1287","id":"c18","text":"Successful infrastructure is trusted and relied on by the broad community it serves.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"successful infrastructure","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Above all, it is trusted and relied on by the broad community it serves.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1287/c19","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/bb5d0791f51840b9","nativeRecordCid":"0eaa9ca9-68bc-43ec-8c3f-237c4a50b240","documentId":"osft-doc-1287","id":"c19","text":"Trust must run strongly across the governance of infrastructure, that is, how it is run.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"","subject":"trust in infrastructure governance","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Trust must run strongly across each of the following areas: running the infrastructure (governance), funding it (sustainability), and preserving community ownership of it (insurance).","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1287/c20","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/c0c7c2463d444795","nativeRecordCid":"8d328cd7-1f16-4cee-be46-cfbef6c59ec1","documentId":"osft-doc-1287","id":"c20","text":"Trust must run strongly across the sustainability of infrastructure, that is, how it is funded.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"","subject":"trust in infrastructure sustainability","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Trust must run strongly across each of the following areas: running the infrastructure (governance), funding it (sustainability), and preserving community ownership of it (insurance).","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1287/c21","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/57beba21091b42ec","nativeRecordCid":"8bb7b849-45c3-4826-b73c-8f8779944855","documentId":"osft-doc-1287","id":"c21","text":"Trust must run strongly across the insurance of infrastructure, that is, preserving community ownership of it.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"","subject":"trust in infrastructure insurance","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Trust must run strongly across each of the following areas: running the infrastructure (governance), funding it (sustainability), and preserving community ownership of it (insurance).","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1287/c22","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/9f69947fe9cc400b","nativeRecordCid":"10ff0b15-24b4-4eef-ad85-db2062ca2c7a","documentId":"osft-doc-1287","id":"c22","text":"Infrastructure that is successful and becomes critical to the community must not be co-opted by particular interest groups.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"","subject":"critical infrastructure","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"If an infrastructure is successful and becomes critical to the community, we need to ensure it is not co-opted by particular interest groups.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1287/c23","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/beef00873d974fcd","nativeRecordCid":"8edfb412-f633-4264-aaa1-d2437049c174","documentId":"osft-doc-1287","id":"c23","text":"An infrastructure organisation must not confuse serving itself with serving its stakeholders.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"infrastructure organisation","subject":"infrastructure organisation","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Similarly, we need to ensure that any organisation does not confuse serving itself with serving its stakeholders.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1287/c24","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/1293fb770f00438e","nativeRecordCid":"ac9d742a-81ab-4e70-8973-4733556b2a01","documentId":"osft-doc-1287","id":"c24","text":"Research transcends disciplines, geography, institutions and stakeholders.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"research","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Coverage across the research enterprise – it is increasingly clear that research transcends disciplines, geography, institutions and stakeholders.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1287/c25","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/01374889e3e14773","nativeRecordCid":"691edddf-bce1-4fc1-a831-8c4f72c19b1d","documentId":"osft-doc-1287","id":"c25","text":"Infrastructure that supports research must have coverage across disciplines, geography, institutions, and stakeholders.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"infrastructure","subject":"infrastructure supporting research","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The infrastructure that supports it needs to do the same.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1287/c26","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/ee322149769b456c","nativeRecordCid":"7ec44ea4-2c70-4989-9b31-d3517c7916a1","documentId":"osft-doc-1287","id":"c26","text":"A board-governed organisation drawn from the stakeholder community builds confidence that its decisions will be driven by community consensus.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"board-governed stakeholder organisation","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Stakeholder Governed – a board-governed organisation drawn from the stakeholder community builds more confidence that the organisation will take decisions driven by community consensus and consideration of different interests.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1287/c27","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/986f79efbb384b1e","nativeRecordCid":"064073b3-afbe-4837-907b-d9b9c5ae66ac","documentId":"osft-doc-1287","id":"c27","text":"A board-governed organisation drawn from the stakeholder community builds confidence that its decisions will show consideration of different interests.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"board-governed stakeholder organisation","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Stakeholder Governed – a board-governed organisation drawn from the stakeholder community builds more confidence that the organisation will take decisions driven by community consensus and consideration of different interests.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1287/c28","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/d23fbe5c84064af3","nativeRecordCid":"800c01d6-1091-41c9-aa16-49e8cd376664","documentId":"osft-doc-1287","id":"c28","text":"Membership of an infrastructure organisation should follow an opt-in approach based on a principle of non-discrimination.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"infrastructure organisation","subject":"infrastructure organisation membership","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Non-discriminatory membership – we see the best option as an “opt-in” approach with a principle of non-discrimination where any stakeholder group may express an interest and should be welcome.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1287/c29","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/e59d4628746d403f","nativeRecordCid":"2c5de9db-17a3-4b0a-931a-168a4c831617","documentId":"osft-doc-1287","id":"c29","text":"Any stakeholder group may express an interest in joining an infrastructure organisation.","kind":"normative","modality":"may","actor":"stakeholder groups","subject":"stakeholder group membership interest","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Non-discriminatory membership – we see the best option as an “opt-in” approach with a principle of non-discrimination where any stakeholder group may express an interest and should be welcome.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1287/c30","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/f53607d3fbda45ca","nativeRecordCid":"e1d5fa6c-4eb3-4848-9583-b08a10c7e7ec","documentId":"osft-doc-1287","id":"c30","text":"Any stakeholder group should be welcome to join an infrastructure organisation.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"infrastructure organisation","subject":"stakeholder group membership","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Non-discriminatory membership – we see the best option as an “opt-in” approach with a principle of non-discrimination where any stakeholder group may express an interest and should be welcome.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1287/c31","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/7852672dd7a74222","nativeRecordCid":"2a33b0fd-28ae-4dc9-b88c-7c64aa0a52f9","documentId":"osft-doc-1287","id":"c31","text":"The process of representation in day-to-day governance must be inclusive, with governance that reflects the demographics of the membership.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"infrastructure organisation","subject":"governance representation process","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The process of representation in day to day governance must also be inclusive with governance that reflects the demographics of the membership.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1287/c32","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/e56392c49bc945c1","nativeRecordCid":"af6595cc-84d1-4a8e-a37a-cb4d5c8a933b","documentId":"osft-doc-1287","id":"c32","text":"Trust in the selection of representatives to governance groups should be achieved through transparent processes and operations in general, within the constraints of privacy laws.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"infrastructure organisations","subject":"transparency of governance selection processes","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Transparent operations – achieving trust in the selection of representatives to governance groups will be best achieved through transparent processes and operations in general (within the constraints of privacy laws).","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1287/c33","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/5618acaba3f84598","nativeRecordCid":"5ea40ac7-a7e9-4ab1-8235-5561b03fd2cf","documentId":"osft-doc-1287","id":"c33","text":"The community, not infrastructure organizations, should collectively drive regulatory change.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"the community","subject":"driving regulatory change","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Cannot lobby – the community, not infrastructure organizations, should collectively drive regulatory change.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1287/c34","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/58064ae976da458d","nativeRecordCid":"02ea9f34-53ef-4a18-a9ba-6b3f5e129db4","documentId":"osft-doc-1287","id":"c34","text":"The role of an infrastructure organisation is to provide a base for others to work on.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"role of an infrastructure organisation","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"An infrastructure organisation’s role is to provide a base for others to work on and should depend on its community to support the creation of a legislative environment that affects it.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1287/c35","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/06d9620fa7004dd1","nativeRecordCid":"dc3dd2b2-d8b3-4848-a741-0cc1da0b91a9","documentId":"osft-doc-1287","id":"c35","text":"An infrastructure organisation should depend on its community to support the creation of a legislative environment that affects it.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"infrastructure organisation","subject":"infrastructure organisation and legislative environment","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"An infrastructure organisation’s role is to provide a base for others to work on and should depend on its community to support the creation of a legislative environment that affects it.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1287/c36","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/b3a34db293bb48fa","nativeRecordCid":"f4393339-fff1-423a-97d5-e555933f1c01","documentId":"osft-doc-1287","id":"c36","text":"An infrastructure organisation should publicly describe a plan (a living will) addressing the conditions under which it would be wound down, how this would happen, and how any ongoing assets would be archived and preserved when passed to a successor organisation.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"infrastructure organisation","subject":"infrastructure organisation living will","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Living will – a powerful way to create trust is to publicly describe a plan addressing the condition under which an organisation would be wound down, how this would happen, and how any ongoing assets could be archived and preserved when passed to a successor organisation.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1287/c37","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/0cf3e0abaa02464d","nativeRecordCid":"4e74d771-ef50-49cc-88f6-58dfcd68ae0f","documentId":"osft-doc-1287","id":"c37","text":"Any successor organisation must honour this same set of principles.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"successor organisation","subject":"successor organisation","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Any such organisation would need to honour this same set of principles.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1287/c38","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/9c8612a8b4264eda","nativeRecordCid":"4ef1f957-7766-4270-844f-680c1e02d3f5","documentId":"osft-doc-1287","id":"c38","text":"Infrastructures exist for a specific purpose.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"infrastructures","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Formal incentives to fulfil mission & wind-down – infrastructures exist for a specific purpose and that purpose can be radically simplified or even rendered unnecessary by technological or social change.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1287/c39","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/ea7c74eae12c4372","nativeRecordCid":"04a3aa93-a087-4386-98e2-cef1acc24d1e","documentId":"osft-doc-1287","id":"c39","text":"The purpose of an infrastructure can be radically simplified or even rendered unnecessary by technological or social change.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"purpose of an infrastructure","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Formal incentives to fulfil mission & wind-down – infrastructures exist for a specific purpose and that purpose can be radically simplified or even rendered unnecessary by technological or social change.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1287/c40","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/4fe1b3fd2be24528","nativeRecordCid":"174506ac-41b4-4bed-8247-ef8051627009","documentId":"osft-doc-1287","id":"c40","text":"If it is possible, an infrastructure organisation and its staff should have direct incentives to deliver on the mission and wind down.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"infrastructure organisation and staff","subject":"incentives to fulfil mission and wind down","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"If it is possible the organisation (and staff) should have direct incentives to deliver on the mission and wind down.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1287/c41","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/fa4060ce85324524","nativeRecordCid":"0a2a9347-9278-48e0-bcd8-422fc5216b32","documentId":"osft-doc-1287","id":"c41","text":"Financial sustainability is a key element of creating trust.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"financial sustainability","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Financial sustainability is a key element of creating trust.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1287/c42","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/0145c427a8444c36","nativeRecordCid":"7b9f63f2-901b-4e4d-beec-f2bac48bde18","documentId":"osft-doc-1287","id":"c42","text":"Trust comprises the element of intentions.","kind":"definitional","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"trust","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"“Trust” often elides multiple elements: intentions, resources and checks and balances.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1287/c43","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/c08b41afe07e4020","nativeRecordCid":"bb81fa08-c79d-47d0-812a-ef97bc4c0b73","documentId":"osft-doc-1287","id":"c43","text":"Trust comprises the element of resources.","kind":"definitional","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"trust","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"“Trust” often elides multiple elements: intentions, resources and checks and balances.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1287/c44","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/9447398dcd3f44ac","nativeRecordCid":"89aaf16d-2435-4e2e-ab94-55ff8f9a70e3","documentId":"osft-doc-1287","id":"c44","text":"Trust comprises the element of checks and balances.","kind":"definitional","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"trust","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"“Trust” often elides multiple elements: intentions, resources and checks and balances.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1287/c45","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/28bf57acf35a48ba","nativeRecordCid":"f5e98ce6-5056-4ca8-b3cf-40b58aa729a4","documentId":"osft-doc-1287","id":"c45","text":"An organisation that is well-meaning and has the right expertise will still not be trusted if it lacks sustainable resources to execute its mission.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"organisational trust and resources","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"An organisation that is both well meaning and has the right expertise will still not be trusted if it does not have sustainable resources to execute its mission.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1287/c46","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/67673657eb734933","nativeRecordCid":"9d140f46-539b-49d6-8263-ce8648bbe0ec","documentId":"osft-doc-1287","id":"c46","text":"Time-limited funds should be used only for time-limited activities.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"infrastructure organisations","subject":"time-limited funds","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Time-limited funds are used only for time-limited activities – day to day operations should be supported by day to day sustainable revenue sources.","representedInStars":true}
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{"key":"osft-doc-1287/c74","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/dd0e0d2054ee4b76","nativeRecordCid":"fff37504-e568-4d22-be54-7c420f80a7c6","documentId":"osft-doc-1287","id":"c74","text":"To fork an infrastructure, it is necessary to replicate all relevant data.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"","subject":"replication of data for forking","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Open data (within constraints of privacy laws) – For an infrastructure to be forked it will be necessary to replicate all relevant data.","representedInStars":true}
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{"key":"osft-doc-1287/c86","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/fab3d28d2b474bd9","nativeRecordCid":"6b028d4e-50be-4f4c-ad74-47717cba0d66","documentId":"osft-doc-1287","id":"c86","text":"Options for implementing a living will need careful consideration and community engagement.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"","subject":"living will implementation options","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"As would appropriate revenue models and options for implementing a living will.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1287/c87","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/b851ea955bf747b1","nativeRecordCid":"8dbb41b7-9304-46f4-828e-6f3fb72c0aa1","documentId":"osft-doc-1287","id":"c87","text":"The need for forkability implies centralisation of control.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"forkability and centralisation","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"One which is less obvious is that the need for forkability implies centralization of control.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1287/c88","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/6f37dff88e3b4544","nativeRecordCid":"b3f287eb-8403-4e8b-bccc-efebd516daed","documentId":"osft-doc-1287","id":"c88","text":"People often reflexively argue for federation in situations like this because a single centralised point of failure is dangerous.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"reflexive argument for federation","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"We often reflexively argue for federation in situations like this because a single centralised point of failure is dangerous.","representedInStars":false}
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{"key":"osft-doc-1287/c90","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/b5bf8e2a1ea349f4","nativeRecordCid":"5e2c31d4-e751-4332-b978-f5f049a2d300","documentId":"osft-doc-1287","id":"c90","text":"Historically, centralisation of infrastructure control has occurred outside of stewardship to the community.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"historical centralisation of infrastructure control","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"And historically, this has occurred outside of stewardship to the community.","representedInStars":false}
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{"key":"osft-doc-1287/c94","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/21592128b3de4939","nativeRecordCid":"0b62e692-c25e-4715-919d-b319178af014","documentId":"osft-doc-1287","id":"c94","text":"Google Scholar's sustainability is opaque.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"Google Scholar","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Its revenue model and sustainability are opaque.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1287/c95","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/1e225048b9154829","nativeRecordCid":"c0193d68-8db4-4006-8303-09d59ac8ffee","documentId":"osft-doc-1287","id":"c95","text":"Centralization can be hugely advantageous because a single point of failure can also mean there is a single point for repair.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"centralization of infrastructure","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Centralization can be hugely advantageous though – a single point of failure can also mean there is a single point for repair.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1287/c96","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/72c4ad7006f94f5b","nativeRecordCid":"362ff2dd-de2f-4c75-aa1b-7593307e9a5c","documentId":"osft-doc-1287","id":"c96","text":"If the question of trust is tackled head on, instead of using federation to avoid the question of who can be trusted, infrastructure organisations should not need to federate for merely political reasons.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"infrastructure organisations","subject":"federation for political reasons","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"If we tackle the question of trust head on instead of using federation as a way to avoid the question of who can be trusted, we should not need to federate for merely political reasons.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1287/c97","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/19452e48d6954748","nativeRecordCid":"459e4985-3805-48c5-b92f-27a4e0c8043c","documentId":"osft-doc-1287","id":"c97","text":"Accountable and trusted organisations that manage centralization responsibly can be built.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"accountable centralized organisations","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"We will be able to build accountable and trusted organisations that manage this centralization responsibly.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1287/c98","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/95b3b22a0d804147","nativeRecordCid":"94bd1234-2de6-4f18-b05b-bc4d1597fd6b","documentId":"osft-doc-1287","id":"c98","text":"Among existing infrastructure organisations, ORCID comes closest to satisfying these principles.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"ORCID","epistemicStatus":"hypothesis","anchor":"ORCID probably comes the closest, which is not a surprise as our conversation and these principles had their genesis in the community concerns and discussions that led to its creation.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1287/c99","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/55ded2464d784c57","nativeRecordCid":"d239187d-4592-45d6-ab18-906c02b0d9f7","documentId":"osft-doc-1287","id":"c99","text":"The ORCID principles were the first attempt to address the issue of community trust.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"ORCID principles","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The ORCID principles represented the first attempt to address the issue of community trust which have developed in our conversations since to include additional issues.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1287/c100","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/da7918325daa4de2","nativeRecordCid":"b0fd616f-8279-4368-ab4c-a1fc3b91a720","documentId":"osft-doc-1287","id":"c100","text":"Technical approaches, such as federation, have too often been used in the past to combat the fear that a system can be co-opted or controlled by unaccountable parties.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"technical approaches to prevent co-option","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Too often in the past we have used technical approaches, such as federation, to combat the fear that a system can be co-opted or controlled by unaccountable parties.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1287/c101","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/03bdb7786f0543d0","nativeRecordCid":"9120301d-ac73-4daf-9e8e-a65b325b7cbc","documentId":"osft-doc-1287","id":"c101","text":"The community must find ways to create accountable and trustworthy organisations.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"the community","subject":"creation of accountable organisations","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Instead we need to consider how the community can create accountable and trustworthy organisations.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1287/c102","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/4bc192a7a67645bf","nativeRecordCid":"fa62aaea-b6e0-4649-b1b6-a7191b834f8b","documentId":"osft-doc-1287","id":"c102","text":"Trust is built on the pillar of good governance, and therefore good intentions.","kind":"definitional","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"trust","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Trust is built on three pillars: good governance (and therefore good intentions), capacity and resources (sustainability), and believable insurance mechanisms for when something goes wrong.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1287/c103","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/0cc8737b109e4185","nativeRecordCid":"b6a76f56-47f5-47b8-a9a5-d8b53f8fa3d4","documentId":"osft-doc-1287","id":"c103","text":"Trust is built on the pillar of capacity and resources, that is, sustainability.","kind":"definitional","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"trust","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Trust is built on three pillars: good governance (and therefore good intentions), capacity and resources (sustainability), and believable insurance mechanisms for when something goes wrong.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1287/c104","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/79b9f5933f52497e","nativeRecordCid":"fb7cac2e-8334-4de1-8e65-eb417fec5a6a","documentId":"osft-doc-1287","id":"c104","text":"Trust is built on the pillar of believable insurance mechanisms for when something goes wrong.","kind":"definitional","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"trust","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Trust is built on three pillars: good governance (and therefore good intentions), capacity and resources (sustainability), and believable insurance mechanisms for when something goes wrong.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1287/c105","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/b11c4e5d76034df7","nativeRecordCid":"77627c7a-167a-48c6-b1dc-99febe9d282e","documentId":"osft-doc-1287","id":"c105","text":"If it can be determined when a service has become important enough to be regarded as infrastructure, the community must take responsibility for deciding to transition it to community governance.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"the community","subject":"transition of services to community governance","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"If we can answer that question the community must take the responsibility to make that decision.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1301/c1","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/69e5b1cddf58485d","nativeRecordCid":"106af76d-8c64-4cae-9c82-adbe21c929a1","documentId":"osft-doc-1301","id":"c1","text":"Holding oneself to account through self-appraisal of compliance with the principles is a welcome development.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"self-appraisal of compliance","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Of course, holding oneself to account in this way is a welcome development.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1301/c2","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/9c470274c41a48c9","nativeRecordCid":"92157778-aeb2-448c-a58e-f0b21cc81427","documentId":"osft-doc-1301","id":"c2","text":"Some form of self-appraisal is necessary to know how close one is to fulfilling the goals of POSI.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"","subject":"self-appraisal of POSI compliance","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Without some form of self-appraisal it is not possible to know how close one is to fulfilling the goals of POSI.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1301/c3","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/59db1829656c4667","nativeRecordCid":"6950384b-e012-4fda-b473-1fb95936accb","documentId":"osft-doc-1301","id":"c3","text":"The distinction between rules and principles is fundamental to the systems that POSI wishes to implement.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"distinction between rules and principles","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"I wanted to gesture, in this post, towards a distinction between “rules” and “principles” that I believe are fundamental to the systems that POSI wishes to implement.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1301/c4","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/3c8178ce90374356","nativeRecordCid":"3d26fd61-447c-47dc-8fb8-eef247ec3142","documentId":"osft-doc-1301","id":"c4","text":"People have begun treating the example specifications in POSI as though they were hard-and-fast rules.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"treatment of POSI example specifications","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"People have begun treating the example specifications in POSI as though they were hard-and-fast rules.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1301/c5","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/6629f05623f64fb6","nativeRecordCid":"ff007e1e-0cac-4508-a1f4-e4710e5de5ac","documentId":"osft-doc-1301","id":"c5","text":"Wind-down time requirements vary among infrastructures, with some needing a year and others needing only six months.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"wind-down time requirements","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"But the truth is, taking this example, that some infrastructures will need a year to wind down, while others will only require 6 months.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1301/c6","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/4c2764c9818d493e","nativeRecordCid":"1b851cbc-49dc-431c-9b24-7bd05a6bdde6","documentId":"osft-doc-1301","id":"c6","text":"Some infrastructures might need longer than a year to wind down.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"wind-down duration","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"But some might even take longer than a year.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1301/c7","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/2a66c51b59354c1b","nativeRecordCid":"7c278fd9-73c5-4575-b2c3-b9e18cacd2fd","documentId":"osft-doc-1301","id":"c7","text":"The wind-down period concerns closing down the organisation.","kind":"definitional","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"wind-down period","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"This wind-down period is not just about closing down the organisation, but is also concerned with giving the community that uses the infrastructure enough time to migrate.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1301/c8","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/2f3d279e5f0f4289","nativeRecordCid":"9457ee37-5c0b-4025-bdf2-48f2138294dc","documentId":"osft-doc-1301","id":"c8","text":"The wind-down period concerns giving the community that uses the infrastructure enough time to migrate.","kind":"definitional","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"wind-down period","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"This wind-down period is not just about closing down the organisation, but is also concerned with giving the community that uses the infrastructure enough time to migrate.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1301/c9","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/b6149d74281341a6","nativeRecordCid":"b597dab1-5edc-489d-854c-31f8d59be550","documentId":"osft-doc-1301","id":"c9","text":"Infrastructures must build and set aside sufficient contingency funding to ensure an orderly wind-down.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"infrastructures","subject":"contingency funding for wind-down","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The point is that the\nprinciple\nhere is: you build and set aside sufficient contingency funding to ensure an orderly wind-down.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1301/c10","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/b6001db5db274ad9","nativeRecordCid":"35d18186-8f5a-4eeb-b756-a04934cda16a","documentId":"osft-doc-1301","id":"c10","text":"POSI signatories should aim for the underlying principle of each clause rather than treating it as a strict rule.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"POSI signatories","subject":"applying POSI clauses","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"there is a simple way to judge how each clause applies to you: aim for the\nprinciple\nnot any\nrule\n.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1301/c11","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/8baea96df0b64278","nativeRecordCid":"b9ce135f-611a-4b5e-9acc-028f857b9df4","documentId":"osft-doc-1301","id":"c11","text":"Some POSI signatories treat the suggestion of a CC0 public domain dedication as a rule that must be followed.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"CC0 public domain dedication","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Some have read the suggestion of a CC0 public domain dedication as the\nrule\nthat POSI signatories must follow.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1301/c12","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/b54c20ff5e4a406a","nativeRecordCid":"4da6763e-47c3-4569-a08e-e52125bbc7e3","documentId":"osft-doc-1301","id":"c12","text":"Using a more restrictive data license inhibits forkability.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"restrictive data licenses","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"using a more restrictive data license will inhibit\nforkability\nand make it much, much harder for third-parties to combine your dataset with others in research projects","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1301/c13","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/035ebe8814e64768","nativeRecordCid":"68499d9b-65d9-4a74-a5ba-fefdf664b337","documentId":"osft-doc-1301","id":"c13","text":"Using a more restrictive data license makes it much harder for third parties to combine datasets with others in research projects.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"restrictive data licenses","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"using a more restrictive data license will inhibit\nforkability\nand make it much, much harder for third-parties to combine your dataset with others in research projects","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1301/c14","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/5289c6861e474f81","nativeRecordCid":"936dd37d-eb9d-4785-85e2-20d5899488e2","documentId":"osft-doc-1301","id":"c14","text":"POSI signatories should look at the underlying principle of a clause rather than its literal wording.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"POSI signatories","subject":"interpreting a POSI clause","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"However, in reality you should be looking at the\nprinciple\nof the clause.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1301/c15","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/e49bb77f5ed94d8e","nativeRecordCid":"5c7ce558-9e7b-4d94-94aa-b1a85e192a02","documentId":"osft-doc-1301","id":"c15","text":"Open data licensing under POSI should enable other organizations to replicate infrastructures.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"","subject":"open data licensing goal","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The answer is: we want other organizations to be able to replicate infrastructures and to be able to re-use their data.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1301/c16","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/9720c7e111b14d94","nativeRecordCid":"8d799402-e215-4bde-8b02-fdc2f205ce82","documentId":"osft-doc-1301","id":"c16","text":"Open data licensing under POSI should enable other organizations to re-use their data.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"","subject":"open data licensing goal","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The answer is: we want other organizations to be able to replicate infrastructures and to be able to re-use their data.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1301/c17","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/8789a95791914dae","nativeRecordCid":"ded24266-0a2d-458a-8e21-855224acb512","documentId":"osft-doc-1301","id":"c17","text":"POSI signatories may have good reason to choose a data dedication or license different from CC0.","kind":"normative","modality":"may","actor":"POSI signatories","subject":"choice of data license","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"But you might have a good reason for a different dedication or license.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1301/c18","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/0d7f53fb08d140da","nativeRecordCid":"8000ce12-6fd0-4a1a-bdbb-08f371f5748e","documentId":"osft-doc-1301","id":"c18","text":"POSI should not become a box-ticking audit exercise.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"","subject":"POSI","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Another reason to think of principles rather than rules is that we don’t want POSI to transmute into a box-ticking audit exercise.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1301/c19","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/4c3140fbeed14b0d","nativeRecordCid":"d68406c4-41cf-430b-b493-d278649abbd3","documentId":"osft-doc-1301","id":"c19","text":"The term \"principle\" derives etymologically from the Latin principium, meaning a beginning, commencement, origin, first part, or foundation.","kind":"definitional","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"term 'principle'","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The term “principle” derives,\netymologically\n, from the Latin principium, meaning “a beginning, commencement, origin, first part,” or “foundation”.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1301/c20","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/76184b50e65c49b9","nativeRecordCid":"043b9efd-0972-40ac-84ce-43bfc1418c49","documentId":"osft-doc-1301","id":"c20","text":"Applying the principles from POSI to an organization means embedding them from the start, from the very base or foundation.","kind":"definitional","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"applying POSI principles","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"To apply the principles from POSI to an organization means embedding them from the start, from the very base or foundation.","representedInStars":false}
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{"key":"osft-doc-1301/c22","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/00cd57144dde40e0","nativeRecordCid":"8966e521-2c0d-44b0-a802-f2ab4fee5e40","documentId":"osft-doc-1301","id":"c22","text":"Organizations should operate, from the ground up, according to the ethics and principles that the POSI document embodies.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"organizations","subject":"organizational adoption of POSI","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Instead, we want organizations that operate, from the ground up, according to the ethics and principles that the document embodies.","representedInStars":false}
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{"key":"osft-doc-1301/c24","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/981fba8e201d43bf","nativeRecordCid":"ecbc1130-dfff-4322-9150-9b4ea5b7c935","documentId":"osft-doc-1301","id":"c24","text":"If the rules in POSI are flexible, they must be interpreted according to each context, which may vary between organizations.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"POSI signatories","subject":"interpreting flexible POSI rules","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"If the rules are flexible, then we must interpret them according to each context (which may vary between organizations).","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1301/c25","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/1005953b568d4d91","nativeRecordCid":"22ecdb1c-9211-49c6-b55d-c4ca757c6430","documentId":"osft-doc-1301","id":"c25","text":"Ethics and morality, that is, principles, are rarely clear cut.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"ethics and morality/principles","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"But ethics and morality – principles – are rarely so clear cut.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c1","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/33248f9333444f39","nativeRecordCid":"9bb4e2e1-8fed-43a9-b88f-9bbf7f66894c","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c1","text":"OSI is not a democratic body that speaks with one voice on any particular issue.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"OSI","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"OSI is not a democratic body that speaks with one voice on any particular issue.","representedInStars":false}
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{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c3","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/adbe793823464c85","nativeRecordCid":"0e63a7b3-a9ab-468a-b33f-b0471abc78f4","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c3","text":"Reconciling the views, intentions, and motivations of the different actors, communities, and groups in the scholarly communication space is challenging.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"reconciling scholarly communication perspectives","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Trying to reconcile the views, intentions, and motivations of all the different actors, communities and groups in the scholarly communication space—which are very rarely entirely aligned—is challenging.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c4","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/a6b12d6c6d834d5a","nativeRecordCid":"24252246-3af4-4d3a-8d70-3176ea60c9df","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c4","text":"OSI often considers a wider range of perspectives than established policy making bodies in scholarly communication.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"OSI","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"We also acknowledge, however, that OSI often considers a wider range of perspectives than established policy making bodies \nin scholarly communication, and that our relative strength is showcasing this range of perspectives and noting how they differ, \nand importantly, how they share common ground.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c5","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/4c1cef0f34114e8d","nativeRecordCid":"570775c6-c976-412c-affa-1f9c5c67c391","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c5","text":"OSI's relative strength is showcasing the range of perspectives in scholarly communication.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"OSI","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"We also acknowledge, however, that OSI often considers a wider range of perspectives than established policy making bodies \nin scholarly communication, and that our relative strength is showcasing this range of perspectives and noting how they differ, \nand importantly, how they share common ground.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c6","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/ec33586e7a6045d9","nativeRecordCid":"12039437-1973-43dc-afb4-adb69fdd186c","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c6","text":"OSI's relative strength is noting how perspectives in scholarly communication differ and share common ground.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"OSI","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"We also acknowledge, however, that OSI often considers a wider range of perspectives than established policy making bodies \nin scholarly communication, and that our relative strength is showcasing this range of perspectives and noting how they differ, \nand importantly, how they share common ground.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c7","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/e82b6239aa8b4ee9","nativeRecordCid":"839be4aa-aeb2-48c7-a5c9-c3207edf6221","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c7","text":"UNESCO should follow the open science roadmap recommendations described in this report.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"UNESCO","subject":"UNESCO's adoption of roadmap recommendations","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"OSI advises that UNESCO follow the open science roadmap recommendations described herein, and that this path culminate in either the outright adoption of OSI’s Plan A as UN policy; the use of Plan A as a blueprint for eventual United Nations policy; or the use of these roadmap recommendations and/or Plan A as the foundation for a similar United Nations policy that has the benefit of broader global input.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c8","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/a30947829d5e45ac","nativeRecordCid":"8052ade3-268b-41fd-a287-89fe29fdf6f8","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c8","text":"No single agency is leading the coordination of the effort to improve open science.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"coordination of open science reform","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Yet no single agency is leading the coordination of this effort; there are innumerable ideas about how best to achieve the various goals and outcome; and scientists themselves have not been well represented in most of the reforms to date.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c9","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/41bf980013b343e4","nativeRecordCid":"e1cbce32-caa4-437d-9174-399576adbe0c","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c9","text":"There are innumerable ideas about how best to achieve the various goals and outcomes of open science reform.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"open science reform goals","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Yet no single agency is leading the coordination of this effort; there are innumerable ideas about how best to achieve the various goals and outcome; and scientists themselves have not been well represented in most of the reforms to date.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c10","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/5c3fd6f4a0ef48c8","nativeRecordCid":"0cddb507-8c2e-4113-b600-9ee03d957ebd","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c10","text":"Scientists themselves have not been well represented in most of the reforms to date.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"scientists' representation in reforms","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Yet no single agency is leading the coordination of this effort; there are innumerable ideas about how best to achieve the various goals and outcome; and scientists themselves have not been well represented in most of the reforms to date.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c11","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/437ff3e3d5ad4991","nativeRecordCid":"83b9b81f-74b8-4620-8008-d04a3e661172","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c11","text":"Open scholarship is a tremendously diverse and interconnected space.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"open scholarship","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Open scholarship is a tremendously diverse and interconnected space. Reforming it will not be \nas simple as claiming that open is x, the solution is y, and the path to the future can be enforced \nby a unilaterally-developed mandate.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c12","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/c76bb9e9f9324eae","nativeRecordCid":"e96ea12d-6822-4e00-8e35-343bcfad6b47","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c12","text":"Reforming open scholarship cannot be achieved by a unilaterally-developed mandate.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"reforming open scholarship","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Open scholarship is a tremendously diverse and interconnected space. Reforming it will not be \nas simple as claiming that open is x, the solution is y, and the path to the future can be enforced \nby a unilaterally-developed mandate.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c13","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/70de75b4aae04e49","nativeRecordCid":"28df558e-2ec6-4fac-a082-40f7f858ff8c","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c13","text":"The solutions most likely to work and be optimally effective for open scholarship reform must be developed by all stakeholders working together.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"all stakeholders","subject":"solutions for open scholarship reform","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The solutions most likely to work and be optimally effective must be developed by all stake-\nholders working together.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c14","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/f11444c3fe324ed5","nativeRecordCid":"b11cd8ba-817b-45f8-b4af-601d8f92aa8b","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c14","text":"There is ample common ground on which the research community can come together to build an effective framework for global reform.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"research community","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"There is ample common ground on which the research community can come together to build \nan effective framework for global reform.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c15","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/fa2326d49368485d","nativeRecordCid":"99a7ebcb-9d12-462a-9c82-133dadca77e8","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c15","text":"UNESCO should adopt the general open science roadmap described in this report.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"UNESCO","subject":"open science roadmap","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"OSI’s overarching policy recommendation combines these recommendations from parts 1 and 2, and \nsuggests that UNESCO adopt the general open science roadmap described throughout this paper.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c16","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/7d641d00e1814d9d","nativeRecordCid":"e1ba6efc-c656-48a2-8b37-4333dae1073a","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c16","text":"The global science community and scholarly communication community should embrace the diversity in the open science space.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"the global science community and scholarly communication community","subject":"diversity in open science","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"This map has many contours but is generally defined \nby three broad characteristics—that the global sci-\nence community and scholarly communication com-\nmunity should:\n1. EMBRACE the diversity in this space;\n2. IMPROVE our understanding of open science; \nand\n3. PURSUE our common goals and interests.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c17","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/dd8ba5b536fd4184","nativeRecordCid":"6dec08ab-68c4-4e08-b821-4ad70275b4f9","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c17","text":"The global science community and scholarly communication community should improve their understanding of open science.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"the global science community and scholarly communication community","subject":"understanding of open science","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"This map has many contours but is generally defined \nby three broad characteristics—that the global sci-\nence community and scholarly communication com-\nmunity should:\n1. EMBRACE the diversity in this space;\n2. IMPROVE our understanding of open science; \nand\n3. PURSUE our common goals and interests.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c18","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/55a7580759a0409e","nativeRecordCid":"38cb37ae-2f9e-4da7-ac19-a45432414b4f","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c18","text":"The global science community and scholarly communication community should pursue their common goals and interests.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"the global science community and scholarly communication community","subject":"common goals and interests","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"This map has many contours but is generally defined \nby three broad characteristics—that the global sci-\nence community and scholarly communication com-\nmunity should:\n1. EMBRACE the diversity in this space;\n2. IMPROVE our understanding of open science; \nand\n3. PURSUE our common goals and interests.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c19","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/cb53bbfa16214f95","nativeRecordCid":"5631701f-96e8-4669-aa83-427b81e8ce10","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c19","text":"OSI's Plan A can be an instrument to achieve the objectives of embracing diversity, improving understanding, and pursuing common goals in open science.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"OSI's Plan A","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"OSI’s Plan A—which summarizes OSI’s five years of \ninvestigation in this space—can be an instrument to \nachieve these objectives, or these objectives can be \nmet in some other way.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c20","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/90374577e73f4dbd","nativeRecordCid":"028a4dbf-6212-400b-b40b-ae4303f8a5b9","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c20","text":"The objectives of the open science roadmap can be met in ways other than through OSI's Plan A.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"open science roadmap objectives","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"OSI’s Plan A—which summarizes OSI’s five years of \ninvestigation in this space—can be an instrument to \nachieve these objectives, or these objectives can be \nmet in some other way.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c21","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/165faa06f3b5465a","nativeRecordCid":"1c50da63-f467-4e14-b8fb-12aef3a3d7da","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c21","text":"The global science and scholarly communication community should work together to achieve a better, more just, and more harmonious society that open contributes to.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"the global science and scholarly communication community","subject":"society achieved through open science","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"We should be working together to achieve a better, more just, more harmonious society \nthat open contributes to.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c22","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/e4af03644b774cf1","nativeRecordCid":"b1aa31cb-f4c2-4079-92d2-af9b7b97b1eb","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c22","text":"\"Open\" is simply a means to an end.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"open","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Finally, we must recognize that “open” is simply a \nmeans to an end.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c23","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/73345a0b24e444a5","nativeRecordCid":"0412ba1a-f4cf-407d-94a4-0c0eb60d0ef3","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c23","text":"Efforts to achieve open science should apply to all kinds of research, not solely science.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"","subject":"scope of open science efforts","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"This is not solely for science \nbut for all kinds of research; not solely for the world’s most privileged researchers but for all research-\ners and societies everywhere.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c24","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/1aac2f6ac721404d","nativeRecordCid":"f9aa333e-2084-4be0-b5da-c38a9e5ceb8e","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c24","text":"Efforts to achieve open science should benefit all researchers and societies everywhere, not solely the world's most privileged researchers.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"","subject":"scope of open science efforts","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"This is not solely for science \nbut for all kinds of research; not solely for the world’s most privileged researchers but for all research-\ners and societies everywhere.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c25","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/39bd35b8882b416d","nativeRecordCid":"a61f01c8-7871-4785-b4f5-9adfc6fc87ed","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c25","text":"The specific solutions employed to achieve open science should further these more noble objectives.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"","subject":"solutions to achieve open science","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The specific solutions we employ to achieve open science should further these more noble objectives.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c26","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/a561b922bb124781","nativeRecordCid":"22d1581e-3db4-4359-a439-08e249ff2519","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c26","text":"By \"roadmap,\" the document means a high-level plan that helps articulate strategic thinking, explaining not just why something should be done but the goal and plan for getting there.","kind":"definitional","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"roadmap","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"1. By “roadmap,” we mean a high-level plan that helps articulate strategic thinking, explaining not just why something should be done but the \ngoal and plan for getting there.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c27","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/ff338cecf65947d1","nativeRecordCid":"f3ad7bcc-b1a8-4eac-9cca-4fc8b7bb2330","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c27","text":"Being guided by a common commitment to broadening and expanding access to knowledge enables arrival at a collaborative future for open science and open research that is far greater than any single vision pursued alone.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"collaborative future for open science","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"If we are guided by our common commitment to broadening and \nexpanding access to knowledge, we can arrive at a collaborative future for open science and \nopen research that is far greater than any single vision pursued alone.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c28","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/fb9d741feaa741a7","nativeRecordCid":"f94d9e3c-79d2-4c8a-96fc-f2a833c6dc96","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c28","text":"OSI is the world's only large-scale, high-level, multi-stakeholder effort focused on developing an inclusive, achievable, sustainable approach to global scholarly communication reform.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"OSI","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"OSI is the world’s only large-scale, high-level, multi-stakeholder effort focused on developing an inclusive, achievable, sustainable approach to global scholarly communication reform.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c29","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/2fb7bf6e3c854f4c","nativeRecordCid":"d3b05a57-8d35-4504-9ae6-697d9980a7cf","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c29","text":"Plan A embraces the full measure of OSI's thinking over the past five years.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"Plan A","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Today, in 2020, we have a plan—Plan A (see http://plan-a.world)—\nthat embraces the full measure of OSI’s thinking over the past five years and lays out a roadmap \nfor how OSI’s recommendations \nshould move forward.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c30","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/fb5635b55f874a28","nativeRecordCid":"d6bd6aaa-5d70-4a5c-973e-347ca7329d61","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c30","text":"Plan A lays out a roadmap for how OSI's recommendations should move forward.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"Plan A","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Today, in 2020, we have a plan—Plan A (see http://plan-a.world)—\nthat embraces the full measure of OSI’s thinking over the past five years and lays out a roadmap \nfor how OSI’s recommendations \nshould move forward.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c31","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/42ec89d3f7774735","nativeRecordCid":"c896181c-2d92-4f24-b92e-180278497c80","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c31","text":"There is a broad difference of opinion among stakeholders in scholarly publishing about how to precisely define open access publishing.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"definition of open access publishing","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"There is a broad difference of opinion among the many stakeholders in schol-\narly publishing about how to precisely define open access publishing.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c32","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/bcc112b319d24624","nativeRecordCid":"0d75c410-7da2-4155-b4d5-b6d2c735e412","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c32","text":"The range of opinions between the extremes of defining open access as public access versus as requiring free, immediate, CC-BY access is vast.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"range of opinions on open access definitions","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The range of opinions between these extremes is vast.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c33","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/574838fae3034fae","nativeRecordCid":"9609c17f-aaa4-4a40-ad1c-687ce1aaf7e7","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c33","text":"Making underlying research data open can be problematic, conflicting with the need for research secrecy.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"open research data","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"open data is intriguing in principle, but in reality, \nmaking underlying data open can be problematic, conflicting with the need for research secrecy \n(whether driven by the desire to be first to publish, or the desire of funders to hold onto data \nto protect future discovery potential), the potential for misinterpretation by other researchers, \nand so on.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c34","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/9744cce133fe46dd","nativeRecordCid":"6f614851-10da-47ec-9992-927f5ac122da","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c34","text":"Making underlying research data open can create potential for misinterpretation by other researchers.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"open research data","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"open data is intriguing in principle, but in reality, \nmaking underlying data open can be problematic, conflicting with the need for research secrecy \n(whether driven by the desire to be first to publish, or the desire of funders to hold onto data \nto protect future discovery potential), the potential for misinterpretation by other researchers, \nand so on.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c35","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/25fd99c2607b439d","nativeRecordCid":"8d0a9293-ef5d-4e68-9891-d1d5214abfbb","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c35","text":"Publishing clinical trial data in open formats would run afoul of many current consent agreements, particularly older consents.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"publishing clinical trial data openly","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Publishing clinical trial data in open formats is also intriguing but would run afoul of \nmany current consent agreements, particularly older consents.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c36","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/9ff88372b7964691","nativeRecordCid":"aa39a8c6-206c-4e3b-b084-6e737c2c6e67","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c36","text":"Open access is challenged in some instances by a conflict over which version of papers is allowed to appear in open repositories.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"open access","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Open access is similarly chal-\nlenged in some instances by a conflict between which version of papers is allowed appear in \nopen repositories.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c37","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/a200ec27564a48ee","nativeRecordCid":"4e535773-aaa9-41ad-b486-546d7ae046e5","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c37","text":"Scholarly publishing products such as monographs and journal articles can be difficult to produce and edit.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"monographs and journal articles","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"These products can be difficult to produce and edit, nearly impenetrable to read, \nand—as in the case of clinical research information—they aren’t necessarily the best-suited for-\nmats for capturing every piece of necessary information (like protocols and datasets in medical \nresearch) and showing how this information is all connected to other scholarship.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c38","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/bb47897f8e734e30","nativeRecordCid":"3fffdf67-c49b-44e1-9d4e-d0c9fc4354e4","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c38","text":"Scholarly publishing products such as monographs and journal articles are nearly impenetrable to read.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"monographs and journal articles","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"These products can be difficult to produce and edit, nearly impenetrable to read, \nand—as in the case of clinical research information—they aren’t necessarily the best-suited for-\nmats for capturing every piece of necessary information (like protocols and datasets in medical \nresearch) and showing how this information is all connected to other scholarship.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c39","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/4b592075213c4609","nativeRecordCid":"97a82455-916c-477a-9e3e-c2e5a1e5b9d6","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c39","text":"Monographs and journal articles are not necessarily the best-suited formats for capturing every piece of necessary information, such as protocols and datasets in medical research.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"monographs and journal articles","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"These products can be difficult to produce and edit, nearly impenetrable to read, \nand—as in the case of clinical research information—they aren’t necessarily the best-suited for-\nmats for capturing every piece of necessary information (like protocols and datasets in medical \nresearch) and showing how this information is all connected to other scholarship.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c40","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/b09ce0bca9624e40","nativeRecordCid":"b5d7de8b-47c8-49b6-896a-cc461e3687ef","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c40","text":"Monographs and journal articles are not necessarily the best-suited formats for showing how information is connected to other scholarship.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"monographs and journal articles","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"These products can be difficult to produce and edit, nearly impenetrable to read, \nand—as in the case of clinical research information—they aren’t necessarily the best-suited for-\nmats for capturing every piece of necessary information (like protocols and datasets in medical \nresearch) and showing how this information is all connected to other scholarship.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c41","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/293df9a4321848bd","nativeRecordCid":"ec07bde5-ed54-4874-aa25-ad2a3f616565","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c41","text":"Information underload occurs when people do not have access to the information they need.","kind":"definitional","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"information underload","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Information underload occurs when we don’t \nhave access to the information we need (for a variety of reasons, including cost)—researchers \nbased at smaller institutions and in the global periphery, policymakers, and the general public, \nparticularly with regard to medical research.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c42","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/d6945e00788d4977","nativeRecordCid":"ad42ed33-f06d-4ba1-ad58-e9eb88887462","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c42","text":"Information overload occurs when people can access everything but are overwhelmed by the volume of information available.","kind":"definitional","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"information overload","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Overload occurs when we can access everything \nbut are simply overwhelmed by the torrent of information available (not all of which is equally \nvaluable).","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c43","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/dacd46dc21514078","nativeRecordCid":"0ec6ca31-aa81-4066-8be8-e6bddeca19ab","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c43","text":"Managing the peer review process is one of the major attractions and benefits of the current publisher-driven publishing environment.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"peer review process","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Managing the peer \nreview process is one of the major \nattractions and benefits of the current \npublisher-driven publishing environ-\nment.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c44","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/833355ae1138439a","nativeRecordCid":"0a5ae42d-98f5-40c2-814c-79f9a95feffd","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c44","text":"Tracking the metrics of a more open publishing world will be key to selling \"open\".","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"metrics of open publishing","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Tracking the metrics of a more open publishing world will be key to selling \n“open” and encouraging broader adoption of open solutions.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c45","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/24b9eac83c984d6c","nativeRecordCid":"9ed11fb5-f09c-4211-b1db-cce0f1b4bdee","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c45","text":"Tracking the metrics of a more open publishing world will be key to encouraging broader adoption of open solutions.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"metrics of open publishing","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Tracking the metrics of a more open publishing world will be key to selling \n“open” and encouraging broader adoption of open solutions.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c46","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/4252ae36401e40bc","nativeRecordCid":"c263f00c-2d45-4bb3-9b12-58c5478f7c44","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c46","text":"Scholarly communication is changing.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"scholarly communication","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Acknowledging Scholarly communication is changing and this change presents opportunities and challenges.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c47","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/1bef8c9b7d804b28","nativeRecordCid":"28177d04-abc1-4f15-ba3e-cf1364ee8379","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c47","text":"The change occurring in scholarly communication presents opportunities.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"scholarly communication","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Acknowledging Scholarly communication is changing and this change presents opportunities and challenges.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c48","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/90d118b7f8a2436d","nativeRecordCid":"ce791d7e-ff5b-42a1-a699-013a90189790","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c48","text":"The change occurring in scholarly communication presents challenges.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"scholarly communication","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Acknowledging Scholarly communication is changing and this change presents opportunities and challenges.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c49","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/c57e25340d654d2d","nativeRecordCid":"b59b47b3-4e8d-4fda-a29a-e4ec2be59513","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c49","text":"Some of the change happening in scholarly communication involves shaking up the current system to utilize publishing tools and approaches that may be better suited to an Internet-based information world.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"change in scholarly communication","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Describing Some of the change that is happening involves shaking up the current system to utilize publishing tools and ap-\nproaches that may be better suited to an Internet-based information world.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c50","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/5750120dcfd84558","nativeRecordCid":"74013a3a-8db0-41e4-bd5d-f1d54e4dba3a","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c50","text":"Not all current and needed changes in scholarly communication involve shaking up the current system to utilize new publishing tools and approaches; some of the most needed changes do not.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"needed changes in scholarly communication","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"But not all current and needed changes \nfall into this category. Indeed, some of the most needed changes do not.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c51","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/842bfa5f65794d2a","nativeRecordCid":"cb742835-1e46-4131-951f-22aa6234b924","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c51","text":"There is no clear, coordinated action plan for improving open scholarly communication.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"action plan for open scholarly communication","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"We don’t have a clear, coordinated action plan for improving open.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c52","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/9822530181fb4168","nativeRecordCid":"d1992d6c-01ac-42c9-9f8c-52a601ac494c","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c52","text":"OSI needs to identify what it can do and how it will operate.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"OSI","subject":"OSI's role and operations","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Rather, this is a commentary on the need for OSI to identify what it can do and how it will \noperate, and then farther down the road, what kinds of synergies OSI can encourage.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c53","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/62380c759c744593","nativeRecordCid":"c222ed2f-a447-452f-beb6-6817462a1661","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c53","text":"Some change needs to involve examining the bias that publishing is a binary proposition involving either open or closed, subscription or APC-based, right or wrong.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"","subject":"bias about publishing as binary","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"And some will need to involve examining our own biases that publish-\ning is a binary proposition involving either open or closed, subscription or APC-based, right or \nwrong.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c54","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/6b27f8b5dab748ca","nativeRecordCid":"8ce88c41-a489-41d2-95ee-116e61bdd00a","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c54","text":"Some change needs to involve reforming the communications culture inside academia.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"","subject":"communications culture inside academia","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Some change will need to involve reforming the communications culture inside academia, where old publishing \nmethods, measures and perceptions can drive author choices and be used as proxies for merit when evaluating \ngrant awards and tenure decisions.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c55","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/1860848f24534a4a","nativeRecordCid":"b3879f52-9c66-4367-a47c-21bb203c8daa","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c55","text":"Old publishing methods, measures and perceptions can drive author choices.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"old publishing methods, measures and perceptions","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Some change will need to involve reforming the communications culture inside academia, where old publishing \nmethods, measures and perceptions can drive author choices and be used as proxies for merit when evaluating \ngrant awards and tenure decisions.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c56","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/776708cbbb5f4635","nativeRecordCid":"249e110b-28b1-43ef-9998-245f23131c04","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c56","text":"Old publishing methods, measures and perceptions can be used as proxies for merit when evaluating grant awards and tenure decisions.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"old publishing methods, measures and perceptions","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Some change will need to involve reforming the communications culture inside academia, where old publishing \nmethods, measures and perceptions can drive author choices and be used as proxies for merit when evaluating \ngrant awards and tenure decisions.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c57","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/885c330496594bb4","nativeRecordCid":"e1946a60-c579-414d-aefd-cc29522f1c80","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c57","text":"Open, impact, author choices, peer review and other key concepts in scholarly communication all exhibit a range of values.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"key concepts in scholarly communication","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Open, \nimpact, author choices, peer review and other key concepts all exhibit a range of values.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c58","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/965d3cb5b2f74db3","nativeRecordCid":"5895df6c-f25d-42aa-873a-d7e5941f5469","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c58","text":"Identifying non-binary measures for these scholarly communication values may be helpful for allowing stakeholders to focus on improving areas most in need of change and comparing progress and best practices across disciplines, institutions, publishing approaches, and funders.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"non-binary measures for scholarly communication values","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Identifying non-binary \nmeasures for some of these values (as proposed by several workgroups) may be helpful insofar as allowing \nstakeholders to focus on improving areas most in need of change and comparing progress and best practices \nacross disciplines, institutions, publishing approaches, funders and so on.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c59","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/ebb33dd6a3254f58","nativeRecordCid":"f4385351-cef2-4f6c-85ea-b480bb2b1c7d","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c59","text":"Any widespread change in scholarly communication requires a widespread effort.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"","subject":"widespread change","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Any widespread change is going to require a widespread effort.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c60","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/705a34ce0eb94e27","nativeRecordCid":"4ef1c351-b778-4566-8bb2-fc8193227fd9","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c60","text":"There are too many stakeholders with different interests and perspectives who influence different decision points in scholarly communication.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"stakeholders in scholarly communication","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"There are simply too many stakeholders with \ndifferent interests and perspectives who influence different decision points.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c61","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/110a6bb004b5435e","nativeRecordCid":"279d202d-0a7f-4041-85a2-5367496f17ed","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c61","text":"No single stakeholder or group is able to affect this kind of change in scholarly communication unilaterally.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"single stakeholder or group","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"No single stakeholder or group will \nbe able to affect this kind of change unilaterally.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c62","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/0bd1affebb4445df","nativeRecordCid":"0c6146f3-abcd-4cae-b09b-cae8947b1beb","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c62","text":"Authors are not a homogeneous group with common interests or opinions.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"authors","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"(authors are not a homogeneous group with common interests or opinions, of course, but there was some \nsense among delegates that reform efforts could be better attuned to what authors needed)","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c63","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/b0c444885b3b47ee","nativeRecordCid":"ab019c19-0323-4f20-90bf-693ca8527b00","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c63","text":"Developing standards and norms would be helpful for moving forward in reforming scholarly communication.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"standards and norms for scholarly communication","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Developing standards and norms would be helpful as we move forward, as well as answers to a number of key \nquestions.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c64","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/78728fdfe7674a47","nativeRecordCid":"20df5230-4aa2-4953-93fc-0c8658f5054b","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c64","text":"The OSI2016 workgroup recommendations are legitimate starting points for conversation that major publishers and research universities may be willing to stand behind.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"OSI2016 workgroup recommendations","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"They aren’t just hypotheticals, but in many cases are legitimate starting points for conversation that \nmajor publishers and research universities may be willing to stand behind","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c65","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/7994e45ee16e4e7c","nativeRecordCid":"828c3eef-c9cd-4899-b93b-4e0e134e7f71","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c65","text":"The current services provided by publishers, such as filtering, editing, dissemination, and registration, should be explored for disaggregation.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"","subject":"publisher services","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Explore disaggregating the current services provided by publishers (such as filtering, editing, dissemination, \nregistration, and so on) and how current scholarly publishing stakeholders might be incentivized to embrace \nthese changes.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c66","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/4d0f9b7eb7ef4bb9","nativeRecordCid":"0e7c06dd-7483-46cd-9bd8-03c82711ab46","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c66","text":"Ways to incentivize current scholarly publishing stakeholders to embrace disaggregation of publisher services should be explored.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"","subject":"scholarly publishing stakeholders","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Explore disaggregating the current services provided by publishers (such as filtering, editing, dissemination, \nregistration, and so on) and how current scholarly publishing stakeholders might be incentivized to embrace \nthese changes.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c67","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/cc86ee3b97194dbc","nativeRecordCid":"55a72afd-5245-4087-a782-3b50b55be375","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c67","text":"Ways to change the publishing culture inside academia, including systems of academic recognition and reward, should be explored.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"","subject":"publishing culture inside academia","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Explore ways to change the publishing culture inside of academia, including systems of academic recognition \nand reward.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c68","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/291f44330d9b4b71","nativeRecordCid":"7d999ac1-5645-496b-95e8-3e0a4243b8a6","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c68","text":"Unmet author needs should be identified.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"","subject":"author needs","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Identify unmet author needs, and gaps in evidence and knowledge, develop disciplinary ap-\nproaches, and use pilots rather than one-size-fits-all approaches.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c69","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/a0c1712e00204ca1","nativeRecordCid":"0e4d5777-6400-483b-ab2a-e06ca8caae8a","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c69","text":"Gaps in evidence and knowledge regarding the publishing culture should be identified.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"","subject":"evidence and knowledge gaps","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Identify unmet author needs, and gaps in evidence and knowledge, develop disciplinary ap-\nproaches, and use pilots rather than one-size-fits-all approaches.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c70","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/86271f5c614f4dce","nativeRecordCid":"9fc8490f-b5a3-4e91-9eb6-7a3141d6c8ef","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c70","text":"Disciplinary approaches to changing the publishing culture should be developed.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"","subject":"disciplinary approaches","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Identify unmet author needs, and gaps in evidence and knowledge, develop disciplinary ap-\nproaches, and use pilots rather than one-size-fits-all approaches.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c71","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/42d6d9b9306247f5","nativeRecordCid":"080b71a6-b5ec-43f0-8051-44b43b85071b","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c71","text":"Pilots should be used rather than one-size-fits-all approaches when changing the publishing culture.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"","subject":"pilots versus one-size-fits-all approaches","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Identify unmet author needs, and gaps in evidence and knowledge, develop disciplinary ap-\nproaches, and use pilots rather than one-size-fits-all approaches.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c72","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/7f99282aa8f64a47","nativeRecordCid":"d0efb08c-d5f5-43e8-875d-430dc2dcbda2","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c72","text":"The scholarly community's current definition of \"open\" captures only some of the attributes of openness that exist across different publishing models and content types.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"definition of open","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The scholarly community’s current definition of “open” captures only some of the attributes of openness that \nexist across different publishing models and content types.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c73","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/dc10d9d78ca64595","nativeRecordCid":"4a6cfdd3-202a-429a-b63c-800ea2b605ee","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c73","text":"The DART Framework for Open Access is based on the attribute of discoverable.","kind":"definitional","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"DART Framework for Open Access","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"These four attributes of openness, taken together, form the draft “DART Framework for Open Access.”","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c74","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/abbc1b6336ff4311","nativeRecordCid":"a38864ce-4a24-4b22-af18-6ec634a02409","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c74","text":"The DART Framework for Open Access is based on the attribute of accessible.","kind":"definitional","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"DART Framework for Open Access","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"These four attributes of openness, taken together, form the draft “DART Framework for Open Access.”","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c75","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/caf8630662a349e9","nativeRecordCid":"a1cd27a2-6622-4a69-8d00-997e406b610e","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c75","text":"The DART Framework for Open Access is based on the attribute of reusable.","kind":"definitional","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"DART Framework for Open Access","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"These four attributes of openness, taken together, form the draft “DART Framework for Open Access.”","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c76","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/cab2633bfb6047fd","nativeRecordCid":"52054832-9820-4d7f-ac67-dcea9f40d774","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c76","text":"The DART Framework for Open Access is based on the attribute of transparent.","kind":"definitional","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"DART Framework for Open Access","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"These four attributes of openness, taken together, form the draft “DART Framework for Open Access.”","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c77","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/4157996378584a74","nativeRecordCid":"e2cb13d5-e42a-4608-9642-8509ff0f868e","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c77","text":"The DART Framework for Open Access can be applied to research artifacts.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"DART Framework for Open Access","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"This framework can be applied to both research artifacts as well as research processes.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c78","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/7e6ca714b7664f57","nativeRecordCid":"098349f0-f8f2-46e7-a783-3b41c9e638bd","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c78","text":"The DART Framework for Open Access can be applied to research processes.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"DART Framework for Open Access","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"This framework can be applied to both research artifacts as well as research processes.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c79","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/2c88452f4d4344f8","nativeRecordCid":"f42c5792-65de-45bb-8b32-748ca2cb0acf","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c79","text":"The different attributes of open exist along a broad spectrum.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"attributes of open","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"We suggest that the different attributes of open \nexist along a broad spectrum and propose an alternative way of describing and evaluating openness based on \nfour attributes: discoverable, accessible, reusable, and transparent.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c80","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/4db0b5e303ae4ecf","nativeRecordCid":"cbb81e5b-ef71-4f9d-bfb3-216bebe26e99","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c80","text":"The criteria for academic tenure and promotion should be re-assessed.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"","subject":"criteria for academic tenure and promotion","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"1. Evaluation: Re-assess the criteria for academic tenure and promotion\na. Fully consider OA publications on the same footing as all other outlets in research assessment\nb. Research and validate the use of altmetrics\nc. Reward greater openness","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c81","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/88c088a820114392","nativeRecordCid":"0e99c652-a790-4d22-b619-bd2ab048f88e","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c81","text":"OA publications should be fully considered on the same footing as all other outlets in research assessment.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"","subject":"OA publications in research assessment","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"1. Evaluation: Re-assess the criteria for academic tenure and promotion\na. Fully consider OA publications on the same footing as all other outlets in research assessment\nb. Research and validate the use of altmetrics\nc. Reward greater openness","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c82","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/54da2b410aab4db8","nativeRecordCid":"48137a0f-2895-4cc6-b69a-c44c4410e3a4","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c82","text":"The use of altmetrics should be researched and validated.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"","subject":"altmetrics","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"1. Evaluation: Re-assess the criteria for academic tenure and promotion\na. Fully consider OA publications on the same footing as all other outlets in research assessment\nb. Research and validate the use of altmetrics\nc. Reward greater openness","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c83","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/5fc3dab6ec444a5e","nativeRecordCid":"8774745b-3c97-4816-b6c2-c348efe33141","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c83","text":"Greater openness should be rewarded.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"","subject":"openness","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"1. Evaluation: Re-assess the criteria for academic tenure and promotion\na. Fully consider OA publications on the same footing as all other outlets in research assessment\nb. Research and validate the use of altmetrics\nc. Reward greater openness","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c84","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/983c5f2c74a24894","nativeRecordCid":"d2489c3d-a8c0-406e-b849-64c047672317","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c84","text":"Alternative, community-driven publishing models should be nurtured.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"","subject":"community-driven publishing models","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"2. Incubation: Nurture alternative, community-driven publishing models","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c85","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/4709af33ef38489c","nativeRecordCid":"4ad94b69-6bd5-4129-aa3a-988e302b3abb","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c85","text":"A \"global flip\" of research journals from subscription-based to open access should be facilitated.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"","subject":"research journals","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"3. Transformation: Facilitate a “global flip” of research journals from subscription-based to OA.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c86","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/fe8e68f3c6504a86","nativeRecordCid":"03a8ed9a-c89a-4ece-8ccf-1b7c72dd7b06","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c86","text":"A period of exploration and grace in the search for new publishing models must be encouraged during this transition period.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"","subject":"new publishing models","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"In this transition period, we need to encourage a period of exploration and grace in the search for new models, \nwhile being prepared to judge such efforts by the highest moral standards.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c87","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/1951842db088426a","nativeRecordCid":"a6d52b4b-f1d8-4d1a-9f2e-26e678c4cf16","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c87","text":"Efforts to explore new publishing models should be judged by the highest moral standards.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"","subject":"efforts to explore new publishing models","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"In this transition period, we need to encourage a period of exploration and grace in the search for new models, \nwhile being prepared to judge such efforts by the highest moral standards.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c88","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/17b5cbe5ef654fe0","nativeRecordCid":"58b1f326-1433-41e9-979e-3a86eb1d0ccf","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c88","text":"Whether a particular invention maximizes new digital capacity in order to increase universal access must be considered.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"","subject":"inventions in scholarly publishing","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"We must consider, for example, \nwhether a particular invention maximizes the new digital capacity in order to increase universal access.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c89","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/4f074a02a0ba4938","nativeRecordCid":"2f64da99-d80d-4ae1-92eb-fefa9210d5fc","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c89","text":"OSI should identify conversations that are already happening regarding funder support of open access, looking for synergies and potential partnerships.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"OSI","subject":"funder support of open access","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"OSI should identify conversations that are already happening in this area, looking for synergies and potential partnerships, and facilitate knowl-\nedge sharing in this area.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c90","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/bc00c2c3a9224e58","nativeRecordCid":"de143662-8a6b-420c-8021-d38f427f88ef","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c90","text":"OSI should facilitate knowledge sharing regarding funder support of open access.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"OSI","subject":"funder support of open access","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"OSI should identify conversations that are already happening in this area, looking for synergies and potential partnerships, and facilitate knowl-\nedge sharing in this area.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c91","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/fa6e433c87764856","nativeRecordCid":"8c3bc416-eb84-43cb-bfc3-bdf06d307d3d","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c91","text":"A landscape assessment of scholarly communication and workflow tools should be performed to categorize current best practices, standards and norms.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"","subject":"scholarly communication and workflow tools","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"1. Perform a landscape assessment of scholarly communication and workflow tools to categorize current \nbest practices, standards and norms.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c92","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/12932a8ddfde42f2","nativeRecordCid":"759ecdb7-5df3-43ad-a836-1b6bac90efd9","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c92","text":"A comprehensive study showing in detail, country by country, how funding, tenure, and promotion decisions are made is needed.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"","subject":"funding, tenure, and promotion decisions","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Specifically, we need a comprehensive study that shows in detail, country by country, how funding, tenure, and promotion decisions are made and the role of research outputs and activities within this decision making process.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c93","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/3471208498704169","nativeRecordCid":"ca2f689c-00a0-4816-990d-545284452e80","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c93","text":"A comprehensive study showing the role of research outputs and activities within funding, tenure, and promotion decision-making is needed.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"","subject":"role of research outputs in decision-making","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Specifically, we need a comprehensive study that shows in detail, country by country, how funding, tenure, and promotion decisions are made and the role of research outputs and activities within this decision making process.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c94","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/3f7d9c673e5f4336","nativeRecordCid":"b3034ed8-b176-40eb-86d6-d644b7b5bbfe","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c94","text":"An issue brief concerning funder support of open access should be created.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"","subject":"funder support of open access","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"2. Create an issue brief concerning funder support of open access.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c95","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/986f7769f1a843de","nativeRecordCid":"939c85d2-3993-4d6b-ade6-716777608342","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c95","text":"A better understanding of how the scholarly publishing system works now is needed.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"","subject":"scholarly publishing system","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"1. We need a better understanding of how the system works now.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c96","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/f19c0f76fce64a60","nativeRecordCid":"f0dd846b-7d3f-4859-9f69-cb34a50b5313","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c96","text":"An ideal future across all issues, such as peer review and impact factors, should be defined as a community and at a high level.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"","subject":"ideal future for scholarly publishing","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"2. As a community and at a high level, define an ideal future across all issues—peer review, impact factors, \netc.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c97","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/fe24d180d7a74d0b","nativeRecordCid":"7e8d65b9-6c11-451f-b021-e170692e6c3b","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c97","text":"Any new impact system adopted must be transparent.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"","subject":"new impact system","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"3. Ensure that any new impact system adopted be transparent.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c98","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/27a86ab775be42ec","nativeRecordCid":"9677a874-6f66-415d-a033-529927cc5178","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c98","text":"OSI should commission the development of a comprehensive set of resources and messaging efforts, targeted to specific audiences, to increase the profile of open access across stakeholder groups.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"OSI","subject":"resources and messaging on open access","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"1. We recommend that OSI commission the development of a comprehensive set of resources and messaging \nefforts, targeted to specific audiences, to increase the profile of open access across stakeholder groups.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c99","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/a962936317684a19","nativeRecordCid":"49ad065b-8111-4118-9653-29c713139f2d","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c99","text":"OSI should appoint a Task Force to develop a strategy for the establishment of an open access venture fund.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"OSI","subject":"open access venture fund","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"2. We recommend that OSI appoint a Task Force to develop a strategy for the establishment of an open \naccess venture fund, and deliver a report at OSI 2017.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c100","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/0fcb8d20ded44dad","nativeRecordCid":"27a0a281-a53b-49ca-8df0-62ec514121ca","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c100","text":"The topic of liberating subscription budgets and the dissolution of \"big deal\" models should be a future OSI Working Group topic, with representation from both libraries and publishers.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"","subject":"liberating subscription budgets","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"3. We recommend that the topic of liberating subscription budgets (and the dissolution of “big deal” mod-\nels) be a future OSI Working Group, with representation from both libraries and publishers.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c101","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/02710be9d7b94dd4","nativeRecordCid":"6fa05f89-ac14-44ce-bd64-522b0e6a68e3","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c101","text":"An OSI Working Group should identify and seek ways to close gaps within the OA infrastructure beyond STM journals.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"an OSI Working Group","subject":"OA infrastructure beyond STM journals","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"4. We recommend that an OSI Working Group identify and seek ways to close gaps within the OA in-\nfrastructure, beyond STM journals (the lack of developed infrastructure beyond STM journals and the \nfragmentation and lack of interoperability of systems and processes.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c102","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/8750f1bc17d84448","nativeRecordCid":"cee89cd0-3972-4c45-9fd6-aa65defe29e9","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c102","text":"There is a lack of developed infrastructure for open access beyond STM journals.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"OA infrastructure beyond STM journals","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"4. We recommend that an OSI Working Group identify and seek ways to close gaps within the OA in-\nfrastructure, beyond STM journals (the lack of developed infrastructure beyond STM journals and the \nfragmentation and lack of interoperability of systems and processes.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c103","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/2d407bf6d4414122","nativeRecordCid":"c3011a32-f2d2-43bf-90bf-cd20b2d56b53","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c103","text":"OA infrastructure systems and processes are fragmented and lack interoperability.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"OA infrastructure systems and processes","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"4. We recommend that an OSI Working Group identify and seek ways to close gaps within the OA in-\nfrastructure, beyond STM journals (the lack of developed infrastructure beyond STM journals and the \nfragmentation and lack of interoperability of systems and processes.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c104","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/c55f0ba5b09c4c1d","nativeRecordCid":"e430ab8b-e968-4f40-8296-d9feacc7d0ae","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c104","text":"More research on openness scores and utilization and economic impact measures is needed.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"","subject":"research on openness and impact measures","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"More research is needed and proposed, perhaps as standing (ongoing) OSI efforts.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c105","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/4a3d3fe654a84ebf","nativeRecordCid":"e9a24fb2-0cec-4c09-b14a-b5e248ec4658","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c105","text":"Openness scores should be developed.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"","subject":"openness scores","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Openness scores should be developed, as well as utilization and economic impact measures.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c106","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/33be95fddd45441d","nativeRecordCid":"2e6474b4-4b6d-4af1-b1cd-fc959b4e0660","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c106","text":"Utilization and economic impact measures should be developed.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"","subject":"utilization and economic impact measures","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Openness scores should be developed, as well as utilization and economic impact measures.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c107","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/98cc63ed836744d1","nativeRecordCid":"8a7d56d9-a125-4b02-b953-9331d47d2be1","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c107","text":"Cultural change should occur to improve participation in scholarly communication.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"","subject":"participation in scholarly communication","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"1. Cultural change\n2. Consistent messaging\n3. More and better open publications\n4. Institutional commitments to scholcomm efforts (including adjusting incentive and reward systems)\n5. Support more research into solutions and sticking points","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c108","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/2ed75656e48b4c7c","nativeRecordCid":"92fa0e2a-545e-4a64-8904-28e7a90728a2","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c108","text":"Consistent messaging should be used to improve participation in scholarly communication.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"","subject":"participation in scholarly communication","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"1. Cultural change\n2. Consistent messaging\n3. More and better open publications\n4. Institutional commitments to scholcomm efforts (including adjusting incentive and reward systems)\n5. Support more research into solutions and sticking points","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c109","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/0ab21ab06592427f","nativeRecordCid":"cb8a199c-4f59-4515-ba22-83f1af8e9d0b","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c109","text":"More and better open publications should be produced to improve participation in scholarly communication.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"","subject":"participation in scholarly communication","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"1. Cultural change\n2. Consistent messaging\n3. More and better open publications\n4. Institutional commitments to scholcomm efforts (including adjusting incentive and reward systems)\n5. Support more research into solutions and sticking points","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c110","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/3d6226f02b6842b7","nativeRecordCid":"b18f6e05-7be9-4e23-aa93-ed00f2ea058c","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c110","text":"Institutions should make commitments to scholarly communication efforts, including adjusting incentive and reward systems.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"","subject":"institutional commitments to scholarly communication","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"1. Cultural change\n2. Consistent messaging\n3. More and better open publications\n4. Institutional commitments to scholcomm efforts (including adjusting incentive and reward systems)\n5. Support more research into solutions and sticking points","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c111","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/64f0fbf03b7f483a","nativeRecordCid":"8b352e3c-8e2e-4b9d-9814-3b2a8a278ed5","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c111","text":"More research into solutions and sticking points regarding participation should be supported.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"","subject":"research into participation solutions","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"1. Cultural change\n2. Consistent messaging\n3. More and better open publications\n4. Institutional commitments to scholcomm efforts (including adjusting incentive and reward systems)\n5. Support more research into solutions and sticking points","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c112","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/6598baa34dfd4e9e","nativeRecordCid":"b53597b0-6f7f-4cdd-a22b-a97a59cb4735","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c112","text":"Information literacy efforts toward understanding the behavior of information systems and economies should be increased, which can prepare students and scholars to make both more understandable to others.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"","subject":"information literacy efforts","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"1. Increase information literacy efforts toward understanding the behavior of information systems and econo-\nmies, which can in turn prepare students and scholars to make both more understandable to others. ","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c113","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/5cc77c99a5094d18","nativeRecordCid":"31612f89-1ceb-4a02-a126-8ccb3d90fac8","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c113","text":"Information literacy should be expanded to include knowledge about the nature of computation and its control over what is accessible from and delivered to devices.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"","subject":"information literacy","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"2. Expand information literacy to include knowledge about the nature of computation and its control over \nwhat is accessible from and delivered to our devices. ","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c114","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/f059d6a2b19c4d76","nativeRecordCid":"16d99b03-2122-4c9c-9dee-c1111559f95a","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c114","text":"Filtering systems are needed to identify, sort, select, and summarize relevant information in order to address information overload.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"","subject":"information overload","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"3. To address the overabundance of information that causes overload, filtering systems are needed to iden-\ntify, sort, select, and summarize relevant information.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c115","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/9e05eecbc518422f","nativeRecordCid":"667b885a-38cc-486a-aa55-860a4ac585cd","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c115","text":"Widespread sociopolitical, technological, educational, geographic, and financial barriers must be removed to address information underload.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"","subject":"information underload","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"4. To address the problem of underdelivery of or lack of access to information, known as information under-\nload, remove widespread sociopolitical, technological, educational, geographic, and financial barriers. ","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c116","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/e85285ef44b74294","nativeRecordCid":"3b46612e-2897-499f-aa88-9bc682099927","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c116","text":"Open metadata, social media, digital tools, and networked expertise should be applied more to advance discovery.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"","subject":"discovery of scholarly information","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"5. Apply more open metadata, social media, digital tools and networked expertise to advance discovery. ","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c117","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/0c1dc017657246c7","nativeRecordCid":"c00b236d-64fd-4597-afb2-3f475b05f077","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c117","text":"Better exposure and discovery options for scholarly products are still needed.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"","subject":"exposure and discovery options for scholarly products","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Better exposure and discovery options for scholarly products are still needed, as well as the means to \nunderstand and apply them.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c118","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/ba0a8ec328704fdc","nativeRecordCid":"f31ba580-7176-4f76-bb94-83675ffce823","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c118","text":"Means to understand and apply exposure and discovery options for scholarly products are still needed.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"","subject":"exposure and discovery options for scholarly products","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Better exposure and discovery options for scholarly products are still needed, as well as the means to \nunderstand and apply them.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c119","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/4dd490cb721b409b","nativeRecordCid":"c32322fd-1fc7-4b1e-8d03-19cf09dc21a7","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c119","text":"More content should be converted into a machine-shareable form.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"","subject":"scholarly content","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"6. Convert more content into a machine-shareable form and continue promoting openness through respon-\nsible curating, archiving and discovery of raw data.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c120","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/d3e057d8abe64e85","nativeRecordCid":"32378df3-9e7c-46d6-8fc3-1f8614489362","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c120","text":"Openness should continue to be promoted through responsible curating, archiving, and discovery of raw data.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"","subject":"raw data","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"6. Convert more content into a machine-shareable form and continue promoting openness through respon-\nsible curating, archiving and discovery of raw data.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c121","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/2bda663a3c3347b7","nativeRecordCid":"0be6526e-fadd-4f4c-bce4-98bd12a18f00","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c121","text":"A mandatory copyright exception for text mining should be advocated for.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"","subject":"copyright exception for text mining","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"7. Advocate for mandatory copyright exception for text mining and encourage publishers and vendors to \nremove obstructions to mining content.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c122","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/27049c96c20d47c6","nativeRecordCid":"6234a60b-7779-47ff-b5f5-09be28a47f0b","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c122","text":"Publishers and vendors should remove obstructions to mining content.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"publishers and vendors","subject":"obstructions to text and data mining","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"7. Advocate for mandatory copyright exception for text mining and encourage publishers and vendors to \nremove obstructions to mining content.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c123","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/f78e419ce9da42b9","nativeRecordCid":"240510c5-cf89-4be1-93b5-8edca1f90319","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c123","text":"Opportunities for UNESCO and WSIS to engage in the repositories and preservation effort should be clarified.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"UNESCO and WSIS","subject":"engagement of UNESCO and WSIS","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"1. Clarify opportunities for UNESCO and WSIS to engage in this effort","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c124","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/c207f82af356470c","nativeRecordCid":"6c37baa1-97bb-4243-a6c8-2ff11746f94c","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c124","text":"Action should be coordinated among meta-organizations such as COAR and CLIR/DLF.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"meta-organizations","subject":"coordination among meta-organizations","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"2. Coordinate action among meta-organizations (e.g., COAR, CLIR/ DLF)","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c125","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/b4cd2dd21e5c4c2a","nativeRecordCid":"0664f1d1-5abe-4c90-b928-b1ada6df02b7","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c125","text":"Funds should be raised for improved sustainability and stewardship of repositories through investments and endowments.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"","subject":"repository sustainability funding","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"3. Raise funds for improved sustainability and stewardship through investments and endowments in repositories","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c126","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/1f8b30a0e0b94b53","nativeRecordCid":"6881f8a2-f9c2-42fe-9727-de26d7956691","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c126","text":"Aggregation driven by preservation concerns should be supported.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"","subject":"aggregation for preservation","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"4. Support aggregation driven by preservation concerns, such as:","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c127","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/25cd4d0f63824571","nativeRecordCid":"123b5567-2de9-45b8-abd8-2554287d28bd","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c127","text":"Workflows and an ecosystem should be built to ensure long-term access and preservation.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"","subject":"workflows and ecosystem for preservation","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"5. Build workflows and an ecosystem in order to ensure long-term access and preservation.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c128","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/f3f4a3c1e0cb429d","nativeRecordCid":"6b49012e-2b18-4628-aab6-ba5b65d154b7","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c128","text":"Preprint servers should be used.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"","subject":"preprint servers","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"We encourage the use of preprint servers ","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c129","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/689487ae9ebf4dc8","nativeRecordCid":"458eb91f-6366-4ce2-b7d3-ecc80a96131b","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c129","text":"A flexible, nonlinear process of peer review outside of and supplementing journal-based peer review should be facilitated.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"","subject":"peer review process","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"We also encourage the facilitation of a flexible, nonlinear process of peer review outside of and \nsupplementing journal-based peer review ","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c130","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/84384ef8ee7743b4","nativeRecordCid":"afcc7593-cf7b-42c3-9a5a-fa6168d4b614","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c130","text":"All disciplines should work toward a culture of openness in peer review.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"all disciplines","subject":"culture of openness in peer review","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"We recommend that all disciplines work toward a culture of openness in peer review. ","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c131","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/202fe572bd814a6d","nativeRecordCid":"441b5d31-2664-4203-b0bc-957f2b7ff25e","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c131","text":"The problems, real and perceived, with transparency in peer review should be explored and addressed.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"","subject":"transparency in peer review","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"We encourage the exploration and addressing of the problems, real and perceived, with trans-\nparency in peer review.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c132","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/63a410fc2f75447b","nativeRecordCid":"44498098-3695-40d6-aaa0-c4f99469ac70","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c132","text":"Post-publication review of traditionally reviewed publications should be facilitated.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"","subject":"post-publication review","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"We recommend the facilitation of post-publication review of traditionally reviewed publications. ","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c133","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/412ce255f5644e2f","nativeRecordCid":"a6c76c93-2c08-4498-8b54-395b53bea719","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c133","text":"Experiments with crowd systems that incentivize broad, representative participation in peer review should be conducted.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"","subject":"crowd-based peer review participation","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"We recommend experiments with crowd systems that incentivize broad, representative partic-\nipation—for example, with a currency, rating, or credit system.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c134","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/3334a494449a42e6","nativeRecordCid":"f439b9b9-d694-4f14-b6bd-bafd58f71c11","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c134","text":"Credits or ratings from post-publication review should be acknowledged by employers or funders of reviewers as valid metrics in career progression.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"employers or funders","subject":"credits or ratings for reviewing","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Any credits or ratings should be acknowledged by employers or funders of those doing the \nreviews as valid metrics in career progression.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c135","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/e56a79b0abd048c7","nativeRecordCid":"83588fc8-ae8a-4b23-9b56-040b3557f76d","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c135","text":"More study, pilots, and standards regarding peer review are recommended.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"","subject":"peer review study and standards","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"4. Overall, more study, pilots and standards are recommended, as detailed in the report.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c136","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/60335aa6e7e44ace","nativeRecordCid":"1019cb78-3023-4786-881b-4ef580412a61","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c136","text":"The current embargo system should be studied and reformed.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"","subject":"embargo system","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"A project is proposed to study and reform the current embargo system.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c137","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/81888b16a2ab4ed2","nativeRecordCid":"f88fdcf1-0717-47c4-bf8b-e757c244fe75","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c137","text":"DORA recommendations should be implemented.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"","subject":"DORA recommendations","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"1. DORA recommendations should be implemented. ","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c138","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/d6a120bf77444810","nativeRecordCid":"532cbff0-6b71-42f6-9372-2f5bb096a77d","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c138","text":"Templates should be created for universities and disciplines to facilitate the development of appropriate tenure and promotion frameworks that implement DORA.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"","subject":"tenure and promotion frameworks","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"2. Create templates for universities / disciplines, to facilitate the development of appropriate tenure and \npromotion frameworks to implement DORA","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c139","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/3b5c8e057a1e4a96","nativeRecordCid":"d9eebca9-9909-4c69-acaa-773c8c11bff0","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c139","text":"An international metrics lab, staffed with a coalition of groups already working in this space, should be created.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"","subject":"international metrics lab","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"3. Create an international metrics lab, learning from prior attempts to do this, and staffed with a coalition of \ngroups already in this space (as identified in the report).","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c140","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/0c82df66349e4740","nativeRecordCid":"3a10fffd-effb-43d0-8ece-800e6e72aed7","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c140","text":"The validity of the Journal Impact Factor as an indicator of journal quality should be improved.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"","subject":"validity of the Journal Impact Factor","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"5. Improve the validity of the JIF as one indicator of journal quality (OSI workgroups focused on indicators or \nimpact factors should draft a list of improvements required to the JIF)","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c141","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/b857dad864d94a02","nativeRecordCid":"f67d2d4f-5c11-4a86-8e21-00fda77370bf","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c141","text":"Promotion and tenure is a key component of the publishing ecosystem.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"promotion and tenure","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"There is recognition that \nwhile promotion and tenure is a key component of the publishing ecosystem, there is perhaps little that \npublishers themselves can do to influence the process.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c142","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/95053e8b947f47b0","nativeRecordCid":"cbf6fd70-7331-46c7-9ae0-bc4b529e4eec","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c142","text":"Publishers themselves can do little to influence the promotion and tenure process.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"publishers' influence on promotion and tenure","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"There is recognition that \nwhile promotion and tenure is a key component of the publishing ecosystem, there is perhaps little that \npublishers themselves can do to influence the process.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c143","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/0f52972c6f914375","nativeRecordCid":"08fdf568-b455-42f0-bff0-84c7b4019ab2","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c143","text":"Greater focus on assessment of the value of research and scholarship is needed.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"","subject":"assessment of the value of research and scholarship","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Specifically, a theme running as an undercurrent in many workgroup discussions was a greater \nneed to focus on assessment of the value of research and scholarship.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c144","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/6f6d7bf1ec9a41b4","nativeRecordCid":"c4524fbd-4f00-437e-9d18-d562b2d66a65","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c144","text":"Most stakeholders in the scholarly publishing ecosystem have an interest and need to measure the impact of research and scholarship.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"stakeholders in the scholarly publishing ecosystem","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Notably, nearly all participants in \nthe OSI2016 conference, and most stakeholders in the entire scholarly publishing ecosystem, have an \ninterest and need to measure the impact of research and scholarship. ","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c145","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/24e4c115efad4046","nativeRecordCid":"0ba7d3d6-3ade-4277-8586-2e0398f0d5dc","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c145","text":"The influence of journal publishing on promotion and tenure decisions should be reduced.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"","subject":"promotion and tenure decisions","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"developing a widely-accepted and inclusive model (or a path to a model) that stakeholder partners can use to help reduce the in-\nfluence of journal publishing on promotion and tenure decisions and help make these decisions \nbroader, more transparent, and less reliant on publishing and impact factor measures.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c146","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/6bc0ae59d11840ef","nativeRecordCid":"0128a9a2-6d94-4d57-8e00-a7fe1e23cea8","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c146","text":"Promotion and tenure decisions should be broader.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"","subject":"promotion and tenure decisions","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"developing a widely-accepted and inclusive model (or a path to a model) that stakeholder partners can use to help reduce the in-\nfluence of journal publishing on promotion and tenure decisions and help make these decisions \nbroader, more transparent, and less reliant on publishing and impact factor measures.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c147","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/9248fb01f1d0426a","nativeRecordCid":"db2f6dbb-57c0-446c-874d-260b35bdd97e","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c147","text":"Promotion and tenure decisions should be more transparent.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"","subject":"promotion and tenure decisions","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"developing a widely-accepted and inclusive model (or a path to a model) that stakeholder partners can use to help reduce the in-\nfluence of journal publishing on promotion and tenure decisions and help make these decisions \nbroader, more transparent, and less reliant on publishing and impact factor measures.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c148","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/41a020c880344e31","nativeRecordCid":"70d3e23c-3213-4638-a3a8-9aee0294be6a","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c148","text":"Promotion and tenure decisions should be less reliant on publishing and impact factor measures.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"","subject":"promotion and tenure decisions","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"developing a widely-accepted and inclusive model (or a path to a model) that stakeholder partners can use to help reduce the in-\nfluence of journal publishing on promotion and tenure decisions and help make these decisions \nbroader, more transparent, and less reliant on publishing and impact factor measures.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c149","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/30f1d0d2ea6f4d45","nativeRecordCid":"9cb12c2e-ec3b-437e-93c0-f9326a6964f0","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c149","text":"Patent literature is an important source of research information, more so than journals in some disciplines.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"patent literature","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Patent literature, research reports, and databases are also important sources of research information—more so \nthan journals in some disciplines (although these still reference journal articles).","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c150","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/c9d9bf18096641b9","nativeRecordCid":"4e2a61a1-26b5-46b8-829b-f4f9ec6fa4e0","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c150","text":"Research reports are an important source of research information, more so than journals in some disciplines.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"research reports","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Patent literature, research reports, and databases are also important sources of research information—more so \nthan journals in some disciplines (although these still reference journal articles).","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c151","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/23cf6eed8d424e25","nativeRecordCid":"9bfe70f7-ac52-46e1-af9a-930df375ce7f","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c151","text":"Databases are an important source of research information, more so than journals in some disciplines.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"databases","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Patent literature, research reports, and databases are also important sources of research information—more so \nthan journals in some disciplines (although these still reference journal articles).","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c152","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/b8b563802e954e00","nativeRecordCid":"1b4d4e7a-188f-4c74-a13f-2dcb1c5c8f46","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c152","text":"OSI by design has a university-centric and journal-centric bias to the perspectives being considered.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"OSI's perspective bias","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"OSI by design has a univer-\nsity-centric and journal-centric bias to the perspectives being considered.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c153","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/c1fb731e8cd841c8","nativeRecordCid":"ed14fc27-78cb-4704-8f1b-b595f447c2de","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c153","text":"Patent literature, research reports, and databases are not always freely available.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"patent literature, research reports, and databases","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"As with journal \narticles, this information isn’t always free or easy to find and is suffering from some of the same \nusability issues as journal articles.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c154","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/d7d725949db0450b","nativeRecordCid":"164ab4d2-4443-427a-be59-d5d97faa878e","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c154","text":"Patent literature, research reports, and databases are not always easy to find.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"patent literature, research reports, and databases","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"As with journal \narticles, this information isn’t always free or easy to find and is suffering from some of the same \nusability issues as journal articles.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c155","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/8265fc1a366642e9","nativeRecordCid":"8f677618-2e15-4b56-9ead-2b2747897994","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c155","text":"Patent literature, research reports, and databases suffer from some of the same usability issues as journal articles.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"patent literature, research reports, and databases","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"As with journal \narticles, this information isn’t always free or easy to find and is suffering from some of the same \nusability issues as journal articles.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c156","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/fb673640ca8e47ab","nativeRecordCid":"d90127fd-5002-406b-9496-35ac495a4ce1","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c156","text":"The research community currently lacks common-ground conversations between HSS scholars and scientists.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"HSS scholars and scientists","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"a challenging assignment but important since \ncommon-ground conversations are what the research community is missing.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c157","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/45043d2f66394f70","nativeRecordCid":"7df460a5-77bb-49db-8814-7c127b4614f6","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c157","text":"Rogue solutions such as Sci-Hub may be gaining new mainstream support.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"rogue solutions such as Sci-Hub","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"what is the future of this approach, which may be gaining \nnew mainstream support (noting for instance Wellcome’s recent funding of ResearchGate)?","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c158","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/3fcbb229bae64687","nativeRecordCid":"6d3fd629-25b1-4a8d-a72d-5ddaf83e6568","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c158","text":"Ways to make access less expensive must be developed.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"","subject":"cost of access","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Developing ways to make access less expensive is essential.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c159","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/f0cb65fc669a4cc0","nativeRecordCid":"86a17877-55a2-449c-b9e0-9e3e3b04e1a8","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c159","text":"The focus of open must not be about cost-savings.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"","subject":"focus of open","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The focus of open cannot be about cost-savings.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c160","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/854f422af40c4810","nativeRecordCid":"a02106ab-9577-45d6-9301-dafed27a585e","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c160","text":"Open is going to cost money.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"open","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Open is going to cost \nmoney","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c161","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/6352c64586254d4e","nativeRecordCid":"64ea5fbf-93df-4052-802d-24c9a48bc463","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c161","text":"The importance of open, rather than the promise of spending less, should drive efforts to advance open going forward.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"","subject":"efforts to advance open","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"So if we all agree that more open is import-\nant, it is this importance that needs to drive our efforts going forward and not the promise of \nspending less.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c162","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/315c9a76e5914030","nativeRecordCid":"bb09985d-1689-4e51-a0f7-2abb6ead246f","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c162","text":"More trust and understanding between global scholarly communication stakeholders and stakeholder groups is needed.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"","subject":"trust between scholarly communication stakeholders","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"More trust and understanding between global scholarly communication stakeholders and \nstakeholder groups is needed (as discussed below).","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c163","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/49895944588e4972","nativeRecordCid":"994bf884-0ff4-40f2-95e4-ff6c0a98c198","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c163","text":"Cost is a critical issue in discussions of open.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"cost of open","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"This said, cost is a critical issue.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c164","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/003fff4d6ee44374","nativeRecordCid":"e877e7c5-62a3-4d95-bd09-f72dd5239ae1","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c164","text":"The extent to which open will make access less expensive is unknown.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"effect of open on cost of access","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The extent to which open will do this, however, is unknown and needs more study.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c165","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/255cebe79ff94218","nativeRecordCid":"5b8f1b0b-c157-4c32-9d04-ffad02efdbd6","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c165","text":"Further study of the extent to which open reduces the cost of access is needed.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"","subject":"effect of open on cost of access","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The extent to which open will do this, however, is unknown and needs more study.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c166","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/ac55285a41d24115","nativeRecordCid":"10614fbf-522d-48be-b301-08ddc2b02008","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c166","text":"There is mixed messaging about open, both in terms of what is being communicated at universities and from whom.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"messaging about open","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Aside from the cost involved there is mixed messaging in this space (both in \nterms of what’s being communicated at universities and from whom) and a lack of incentives \nfor several key audiences, namely researchers.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c167","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/d2366a04ab214166","nativeRecordCid":"8d31edad-9a7b-4cf8-b044-532cb18dba78","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c167","text":"There is a lack of incentives for several key audiences, namely researchers, regarding open.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"incentives for researchers regarding open","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Aside from the cost involved there is mixed messaging in this space (both in \nterms of what’s being communicated at universities and from whom) and a lack of incentives \nfor several key audiences, namely researchers.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c168","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/c1ada3575a5c4765","nativeRecordCid":"d9256a78-9e92-4902-b725-81787279b1aa","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c168","text":"Solutions that involve local input and incentives are important for improving approaches to open.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"","subject":"solutions for approaches to open","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"More balance is also important such as solutions that involve local input and incentives (local \nas in geographic, but also institution and discipline-specific), and approaches to open that are \nmore inclusive (wherein we can all agree on the idea of open and then identify multiple paths to \nget there).","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c169","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/d02d60bd920342bd","nativeRecordCid":"6bba29c4-e938-4c2e-8f14-0320a8da10ca","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c169","text":"Approaches to open should be more inclusive, allowing multiple paths toward an agreed goal.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"","subject":"approaches to open","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"More balance is also important such as solutions that involve local input and incentives (local \nas in geographic, but also institution and discipline-specific), and approaches to open that are \nmore inclusive (wherein we can all agree on the idea of open and then identify multiple paths to \nget there).","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c170","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/dfd42d7ad7f04dd6","nativeRecordCid":"3142ab65-0406-4814-8c1b-489473dbc513","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c170","text":"A modern scientific record requires preservation and access.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"","subject":"modern scientific record","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Without preservation and access, there is no modern scientific record.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c171","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/8281e34756384b8d","nativeRecordCid":"dec64e65-36fe-4479-bd5b-f8644c5710d7","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c171","text":"Publishing is critical to scholarly communication.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"publishing","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Publishing is critical.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c172","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/c3b4d584482440ed","nativeRecordCid":"ef926ed2-598b-44b4-afd0-37665672d87b","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c172","text":"The current system of publishing is too expensive for universities.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"current publishing system","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"But the current system of publishing is too expensive for universi-\nties (barring any major restructuring of how much money is allocated to libraries, or how much \nmoney comes directly from the government to support publishing and sharing of data)","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c173","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/a45d630dfe4a48a9","nativeRecordCid":"7a35ffd0-376e-46b6-aeaa-c6230de7d314","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c173","text":"OSI is not able to tackle the issue of transforming scholarly communication by itself.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"OSI","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"OSI \nisn’t going to be able to tackle this \nissue by itself","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c174","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/d7856b48b47d4f39","nativeRecordCid":"ff8faac5-ddcd-40c2-b188-3292b2d10237","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c174","text":"OSI's current lack of significant funding makes it an unlikely candidate to manage a global revolution in scholarly communications.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"OSI","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"we all acknowledge \nthat this effort’s current lack of \nsignificant funding makes it an un-\nlikely candidate to manage a global \nrevolution in scholarly communica-\ntions","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c175","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/abca5c95bb624622","nativeRecordCid":"ec4873af-1547-455a-9fbe-35c2894bb013","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c175","text":"More involvement from the global community is needed.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"the global community","subject":"involvement in scholarly communication reform","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Everyone agreed that we need more involvement from the global community, and also from \nresearchers themselves.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c176","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/9aa250e22c4944e7","nativeRecordCid":"59caf1b2-eaf5-44de-8fef-21aeb3410ad6","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c176","text":"More involvement from researchers themselves is needed.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"researchers","subject":"involvement in scholarly communication reform","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Everyone agreed that we need more involvement from the global community, and also from \nresearchers themselves.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c177","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/4f3fbf19e69d40cc","nativeRecordCid":"f75df60b-5aff-4fdd-918f-1aaa32ac9540","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c177","text":"There is often as much diversity of opinion within a single stakeholder group as there is between groups.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"diversity of opinion among stakeholder groups","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"We have differences of opinion in \nthis community but there is often as much diversity of opinion within a single stakeholder group \nas there is between groups.","representedInStars":false}
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{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c179","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/28d4526b8ae84ce6","nativeRecordCid":"23f91b7b-bf10-43f2-9bc2-08bbff45a59b","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c179","text":"Institutions must be invested in this effort, though not necessarily financially.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"institutions","subject":"institutional investment in this effort","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"We need to get institutions invested in this effort (not nec-\nessarily financially).","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c180","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/82ea6932e3a745ff","nativeRecordCid":"bc746195-f9f7-4b42-a4b5-0a2cc30b5fcc","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c180","text":"All stakeholders have a stake in the outcome of this effort.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"stakeholders' stake in the outcome","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"We all have a stake in the outcome.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c181","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/26f119e79f2a4147","nativeRecordCid":"a7b0cace-3e2b-4e67-a639-86556f5fada4","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c181","text":"All stakeholders have a stake in the outcome of scholarly communication reform.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"stakeholders in scholarly communication reform","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"We all have a stake in the outcome.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c182","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/a442d6f8a7934ea6","nativeRecordCid":"4289c643-4bb8-45a3-b5d3-be012e76bd7d","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c182","text":"All stakeholders in the scholarly communication community have a stake in the outcome.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"stakeholders in scholarly communication","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"We all have a stake in the outcome.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c183","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/d43af37be28843c8","nativeRecordCid":"a9fc3488-8b55-4897-8fc4-59da3f1de324","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c183","text":"Trust is needed for this conversation to move forward.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"","subject":"trust in the scholarly communication conversation","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"This conversation needs trust to move forward.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c184","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/985d3ac546bf45e2","nativeRecordCid":"d1a83ece-e4e1-4aed-ae6f-fa30fcb9d8e4","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c184","text":"The scholarly communication conversation needs trust to move forward.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"","subject":"scholarly communication conversation","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"This conversation needs trust to move forward.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c185","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/b5d21aefe0844ef3","nativeRecordCid":"f587bf0f-8bcc-4ce7-bc49-dad0922c5da4","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c185","text":"Some people and groups in the scholarly communication system are actively opposed to OSI because it includes commercial publishers.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"opposition to OSI","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"indeed, there are people and groups in the schol-\ncomm system who are actively opposed to OSI because it includes commercial publishers, and \nthis is seen as a waste of time and/or potentially harmful to the cause of open","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c186","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/1f9037fe5b924851","nativeRecordCid":"b9810a80-6727-4264-8a69-29960e2c86d8","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c186","text":"The exact amount that open will cost is uncertain.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"cost of open","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Open is going to cost money—\nthe jury is still out on exactly how much.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c187","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/8b2a9368b2b8486e","nativeRecordCid":"de7d4b1b-e6a5-4d09-9ef7-6c27ec83d71f","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c187","text":"Messages about open must be clarified.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"","subject":"messages about open","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"We need to clarify messages about open and \nbreak down barriers and simplify pathways to more open adoption.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c188","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/6e39c00c20914d0c","nativeRecordCid":"72edf6e3-f97a-465a-a13b-b35bd952535c","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c188","text":"Barriers to open adoption must be broken down.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"","subject":"barriers to open adoption","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"We need to clarify messages about open and \nbreak down barriers and simplify pathways to more open adoption.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c189","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/9806493183414a7f","nativeRecordCid":"b421f816-b7c1-4c1c-9a70-e127b1e16243","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c189","text":"Pathways to more open adoption must be simplified.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"","subject":"pathways to open adoption","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"We need to clarify messages about open and \nbreak down barriers and simplify pathways to more open adoption.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c190","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/0a9642548bff491c","nativeRecordCid":"51aaa40b-184a-4928-9b33-9a94a2f823b9","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c190","text":"Universities and scholarly societies must be engaged in a conversation to encourage new advancement pathways that include more use of open and help untangle publish-or-perish attitudes and metrics like the impact factor from promotion and tenure considerations.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"","subject":"engagement of universities and societies","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"We also need to engage \nuniversities and scholarly societies in a conversation to encourage new advancement pathways \nthat include more use of open, and that can help untangle publish or perish attitudes and met-\nrics like the impact factor from promotion and tenure considerations.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c191","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/c3bea30bcc6147e5","nativeRecordCid":"d0a3c5ae-3fbf-49a5-984f-2cf10d7c907e","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c191","text":"There is no single model of open that works for all stakeholders and institutions everywhere.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"models of open","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"There is no single model of open that works for all stakeholders and institutions every-\nwhere.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c192","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/153c0aac448c4482","nativeRecordCid":"b4a0f4e1-beb4-44ec-8382-a796a9beb76e","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c192","text":"Funding must not be aligned primarily behind one-size-fits-all solutions.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"the community","subject":"funding for open","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"As a community, we need to stop aligning our funding primarily behind one-size-fits-all \nsolutions, and instead fund a wider variety of approaches for a variety of actors and audiences.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c193","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/3070842f31a74a1a","nativeRecordCid":"749303e0-2144-4e09-8b3e-12b97cfc9ba9","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c193","text":"A wider variety of funding approaches must be funded for a variety of actors and audiences.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"the community","subject":"funding approaches","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"As a community, we need to stop aligning our funding primarily behind one-size-fits-all \nsolutions, and instead fund a wider variety of approaches for a variety of actors and audiences.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c194","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/da58bd0770314837","nativeRecordCid":"add81554-4fc6-4b6a-8fb1-cef2a5bbf8e1","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c194","text":"There are many gaps in the community's understanding of scholarly communication, including predatory publishing, the global flip, embargoes, citation advantages, and the economic benefits of open.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"understanding of scholarly communication","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"There are many gaps in our understanding of scholarly communication, from preda-\ntory publishing to the global flip to embargoes, citation advantages, the economic benefits of \nopen, and more.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c195","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/f7e941d058db44c8","nativeRecordCid":"4d160009-4668-4077-8d15-d4898137726f","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c195","text":"Studies must be funded and conducted as a community to fill gaps in understanding of scholarly communication.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"the community","subject":"studies on scholarly communication gaps","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"We should work as a community to fund and conduct studies to fill in these \ninformation gaps.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c196","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/0f9182d0af224314","nativeRecordCid":"4813fb51-5a55-442e-a013-703490763e17","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c196","text":"HSS disciplines and natural science disciplines have different needs regarding open solutions.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"HSS vs natural science needs","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The fact there are no one-size-fits-all solutions is nowhere more apparent \nthan comparing the different needs of HSS disciplines (like history) with disciplines in the natu-\nral sciences.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c197","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/6a9109df2fec4110","nativeRecordCid":"e218e062-ecb1-4906-8aec-b31e2771e20f","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c197","text":"Areas of mutual interest and benefit between HSS and science should continue to be promoted.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"","subject":"HSS and science mutual interest","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"we should also continue to promote areas of mutual interest and benefit.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c198","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/44b787cc331f4d5c","nativeRecordCid":"e066917c-8ee3-4ac6-903d-840b77115633","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c198","text":"Impact factors are viewed very differently by different stakeholders, loved by some and despised by others.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"impact factors","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Impact factors are loved by some stakeholders, despised by others.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c199","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/692ddf1de0fd4afd","nativeRecordCid":"383ae2e1-2521-42b1-93c7-b2cb0d099931","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c199","text":"The use of impact factors must be reformed.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"","subject":"use of impact factors","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"We need to reform the use of impact \nfactors—this much is clear.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c200","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/4aedd804c3484f33","nativeRecordCid":"971adbea-08e7-4c71-b7c6-b0d089dcadaf","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c200","text":"The global community should work with WIPO, NISO, and other relevant organizations to establish new global standards for open IP.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"the global community","subject":"global standards for open IP","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The global community should work with WIPO, NISO, and other relevant organi-\nzations to establish new global standards for open IP and create IP literacy materials for the \nresearch community.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c201","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/67412112ee3a4558","nativeRecordCid":"e7b123c6-3bd7-409b-ae9c-faea9b3f626a","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c201","text":"The global community should create IP literacy materials for the research community.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"the global community","subject":"IP literacy materials","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The global community should work with WIPO, NISO, and other relevant organi-\nzations to establish new global standards for open IP and create IP literacy materials for the \nresearch community.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c202","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/13751d7ee7b44fab","nativeRecordCid":"66117f6e-2d59-4d32-98c5-1bceaa8d4ef3","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c202","text":"New global standards for journals must be developed by the community.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"the community","subject":"global standards for journals","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"We need to work as a community to develop new global standards for journals.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c203","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/de4202c7aeda4005","nativeRecordCid":"f78f44d7-15e7-4964-8ba9-c7c1b2c9a0cb","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c203","text":"The effectiveness of different peer review models must be studied.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"the community","subject":"effectiveness of peer review models","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"We also need to study the effectiveness of different models and support the community as it \nexperiments.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c204","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/76cc45d226064bbd","nativeRecordCid":"41016894-0c0e-444d-8f09-475187994b7d","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c204","text":"The community must be supported as it experiments with different peer review approaches.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"the community","subject":"community experimentation with peer review","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"We also need to study the effectiveness of different models and support the community as it \nexperiments.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c205","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/bff4ab57e9494e02","nativeRecordCid":"603e53b7-2bfc-45f7-895f-3727d9956793","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c205","text":"Repositories are a crucial tool in the custody chain of research preservation.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"institutional repositories","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Repositories are a crucial tool in the custody chain of research \npreservation.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c206","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/91384bcfff1c4034","nativeRecordCid":"826f22b1-f07a-4524-a636-dcdcacaa38d5","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c206","text":"The challenges ahead for institutional repositories must be better understood.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"","subject":"challenges for institutional repositories","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"We need to better understand the challenges ahead and ensure we’re asking the \nright questions and pursuing the best solutions.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c207","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/8c58fa26acb747cf","nativeRecordCid":"58e78164-f43b-447c-b395-1548fabd66c8","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c207","text":"The community must take a stand against Sci-Hub types of solutions that violate copyright laws and are off the open spectrum.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"the community","subject":"Sci-Hub type solutions","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Our community must take a stand against Sci-Hub types of solutions that \nviolate copyright laws and are off the open spectrum, while also supporting new and entrepre-\nneurial approaches to open.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c208","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/1167836521f04d9d","nativeRecordCid":"977ab9a2-882a-49bc-91ae-441fc79cebff","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c208","text":"The community must support new and entrepreneurial approaches to open.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"the community","subject":"entrepreneurial approaches to open","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Our community must take a stand against Sci-Hub types of solutions that \nviolate copyright laws and are off the open spectrum, while also supporting new and entrepre-\nneurial approaches to open.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c209","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/6b10d48810c64a47","nativeRecordCid":"3c8fe8c4-da0f-4468-be37-5224f861361b","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c209","text":"Many issues in scholarly communication would benefit from a standards-based approach.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"issues in scholarly communication","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"There are many issues in this space that would benefit from a standards-based \napproach","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c210","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/0fd3e7d5d2034a1a","nativeRecordCid":"6b0658a2-6cc5-47e7-af61-8cd274a1bc56","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c210","text":"The community can do work to encourage more openness in universities and public sector institutions.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"the community","subject":"openness in universities and public sector","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"There is much work we can do as a community to encourage more openness \nin universities and public sector institutions","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c211","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/f05252a6c2934442","nativeRecordCid":"02919b20-8c65-43f0-8ed8-3a3948f57eaf","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c211","text":"The community can do work to better address the wide variety of research-related needs and concerns arising from the diversity and asymmetries of the scholarly communication environment.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"the community","subject":"research-related needs and concerns","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"better address the wide variety of research-relat-\ned needs and concerns that emanate from the vast diversity and asymmetries of the scholarly \ncommunication environment (such as indexing, standards, and promotion and tenure practices)","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c212","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/2f651ce1b6ca4856","nativeRecordCid":"a2d64745-047d-4ffc-9ebf-805997118466","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c212","text":"The community can do work to narrow the affordability gap.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"the community","subject":"affordability gap","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"and narrowing the affordability gap.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c213","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/a260395ef0574370","nativeRecordCid":"f6710679-7c9f-4a74-8e10-11feb31e648d","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c213","text":"The resources and information needed for messaging about open to be effective should be determined.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"","subject":"resources for effective open messaging","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"3. Determine what resources and information are needed before this messaging can be effective (1)","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c214","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/463bc23201b34bce","nativeRecordCid":"887beaee-c735-48d7-a5db-08ae6b822a64","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c214","text":"The OSI2017 workgroup recommendations represent a common ground understanding of the challenges of open science and how to address them.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"OSI2017 workgroup recommendations","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"These recommendations are not unilateral or unrealistic, \nbut represent a common ground understanding of the challenges of open science and how to address \nthem:","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c215","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/b8af5894f8644b76","nativeRecordCid":"e1415239-a3fb-4a32-9ecc-cd588d3469a0","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c215","text":"Better communication is needed to advance open.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"","subject":"communication about open","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Better communi-\ncation needed to advance open","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c216","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/6c2fe4ea07e24b5d","nativeRecordCid":"7f80d7d3-6b13-437b-8f9f-48a378251e33","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c216","text":"The message about open access should be clarified, including what OA is and what it is not.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"","subject":"message about OA","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"1. Clarify the message about OA. Identify \nwhat OA is, and what it is not","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c217","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/83a91e980d0c460a","nativeRecordCid":"09e142b9-f2f4-44db-b3c6-ec1ec21cd3cb","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c217","text":"Lessons from different communities should be shared to help increase open access.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"","subject":"sharing lessons on open access","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Share lessons from different communities (blogs, case studies, etc.)","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c218","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/13aab3cd26064e78","nativeRecordCid":"e61ea44e-9e46-449a-9c8a-61054ff7121b","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c218","text":"Information on APC costs and spending should be found.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"","subject":"APC costs and spending","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Find more info on APC costs and spending","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c219","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/87a9188da38c4309","nativeRecordCid":"1ffccb2b-516b-4a4b-ad31-20b11fd85539","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c219","text":"Economies of scale to reduce access costs should be identified.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"","subject":"economies of scale for access costs","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"identify economies of scale to reduce access costs","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c220","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/6217305e64d2483c","nativeRecordCid":"5cf5ca3c-3356-4570-9b54-f386e2a49006","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c220","text":"Better open access technology is needed.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"","subject":"OA technology","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Need better OA \ntech, coordination, communication, incentives, rewards, and more.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c221","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/9d35cbc420c044af","nativeRecordCid":"934a15aa-918c-4c95-bcad-d8254747fda1","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c221","text":"Better coordination is needed to advance open access.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"","subject":"coordination for open access","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Need better OA \ntech, coordination, communication, incentives, rewards, and more.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c222","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/0265256899c04164","nativeRecordCid":"b5dc175f-96a1-4915-bfa5-91ea02ee17af","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c222","text":"Better incentives are needed to advance open access.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"","subject":"incentives for open access","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Need better OA \ntech, coordination, communication, incentives, rewards, and more.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c223","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/c389032d3eee4206","nativeRecordCid":"e269f0b9-6ae2-4177-b295-9f2f3f3c059e","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c223","text":"Better rewards are needed to advance open access.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"","subject":"rewards for open access","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Need better OA \ntech, coordination, communication, incentives, rewards, and more.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c224","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/11236ab56c164bb9","nativeRecordCid":"26ac357c-edbb-4cad-8647-00acfbba0ff8","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c224","text":"Addressing open access technology, coordination, communication, incentive, and reward issues first will lead to more money for open access.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"funding for open access","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Address these issues first \nand more money for OA will follow.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c225","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/205c79216abf4f8b","nativeRecordCid":"41d88ff4-6837-4e5a-8867-cf49eda68ee8","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c225","text":"Tools to increase understanding of the potential impact of a Global Flip on library budgets should be developed and disseminated.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"","subject":"tools on Global Flip impact","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Support development and dissemination of tools to increase understanding of the poten-\ntial impact of a Global Flip on library budgets.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c226","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/a09faec28ff74587","nativeRecordCid":"66863fc0-a28d-42ae-a94d-f34d0cb99f3c","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c226","text":"Goals to increase open access should be set and tracked.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"","subject":"goals to increase OA","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"set and track \ngoals to increase OA","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c227","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/dc3d369ad64747e9","nativeRecordCid":"3b23d82f-1f73-42e4-a359-3927616a29ca","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c227","text":"Income-generating possibilities in scholarly publishing should be identified.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"","subject":"income-generating possibilities","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"identify income-generating \npossibilities in scholarly publishing","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c228","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/25f757c5d2e44cf7","nativeRecordCid":"90dfe160-8e56-4734-8b56-6faeab155604","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c228","text":"Cooperative models that align with the Global Flip strategy should be identified, supported, and shared to increase trust and transparency among stakeholders.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"","subject":"cooperative models for the Global Flip","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Identify, support, and share information about cooperative models that align with the \nGlobal Flip strategy to increase trust and transparency among stakeholders","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c229","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/b76ee25ce3fd4bb1","nativeRecordCid":"fdc8df94-dc24-4248-91ce-9c4493a7f411","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c229","text":"More understanding of the global flip's impacts is needed.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"","subject":"understanding of the global flip","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"More understanding \nneeded, followed by broad sharing of best practices","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c230","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/753256982b3848e8","nativeRecordCid":"f3727bcf-8dfb-4564-8073-6bc974f2d776","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c230","text":"Broad sharing of best practices on the global flip is needed.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"","subject":"sharing best practices","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"More understanding \nneeded, followed by broad sharing of best practices","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c231","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/16e1350ba5114bd0","nativeRecordCid":"f772c979-4d25-4bd6-8578-6bff9803ebb5","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c231","text":"More focus and funding is available for STEM than for HSS regarding open.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"focus and funding for STEM vs HSS","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"much more focus \nand funding) is available for STEM \nthan HSS.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c232","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/a836b73db5174bbc","nativeRecordCid":"a7b8d401-4321-4060-9dcc-b6eb51696828","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c232","text":"More communication is needed about the different needs of HSS and STEM.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"","subject":"communication on HSS and STEM needs","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"More communication is \nneeded about the different needs of \nHSS & STEM","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c233","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/6a0dc3aea8334139","nativeRecordCid":"630da7e7-3892-45e2-8588-f139ed4c57ec","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c233","text":"Information on metrics best practices should be shared to drive innovation across disciplines and outputs.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"","subject":"metrics best practices","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Get behind effort to share information on metrics best practices and drive innovation \nacross disciplines and outputs","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c234","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/d07185115dda48eb","nativeRecordCid":"394a94e7-9e0a-4550-8bee-ce105deb6414","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c234","text":"Disciplines must find their own open access solutions from within.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"disciplines","subject":"discipline-specific open solutions","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Disciplines need to find their own solutions \nfrom within.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c235","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/0e8d1efe7a944d6f","nativeRecordCid":"e62a01b0-ce44-43d8-933a-45f28bc3e57c","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c235","text":"Disciplines should be encouraged to own their own assessments.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"","subject":"discipline-owned assessments","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Encourage disciplines to own their own assessments","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c236","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/6f3ec71071f34684","nativeRecordCid":"206d4a7d-b5b8-41aa-bfc3-304e501cb5d4","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c236","text":"Visibility should be promoted as an area of interest/benefit convergence between HSS and science.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"","subject":"HSS-science convergence: visibility","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Promote areas of interest/benefit conver-\ngence between HSS & science: \na. Visibility","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c237","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/58a68df8cb3b4979","nativeRecordCid":"4a491a15-0ce5-464e-8c5a-2bf8fdde0704","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c237","text":"Measuring the impact of the broad range of scholarly communication output is not happening with current tools.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"measurement of scholarly communication impact","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Measuring the \nimpact of the broad range of scholarly communication out-\nput isn’t happening with current tools","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c238","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/0145ea2ec8954b6f","nativeRecordCid":"cdf6b14e-8f2e-46ed-922d-3efe8834d1aa","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c238","text":"Public engagement should be promoted as an area of interest/benefit convergence between HSS and science.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"","subject":"HSS-science convergence: public engagement","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"b. Public engagement","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c239","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/da58c1787b66490d","nativeRecordCid":"9ba60745-d020-406c-b11d-d76f626c6d85","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c239","text":"Preservation should be promoted as an area of interest/benefit convergence between HSS and science.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"","subject":"HSS-science convergence: preservation","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"c. Preservation","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c240","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/bef7529578fb42fd","nativeRecordCid":"b4e8cad5-b37f-4680-8cc1-e690887fad87","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c240","text":"Text and data mining should be promoted as an area of interest/benefit convergence between HSS and science.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"","subject":"HSS-science convergence: text and data mining","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"d. Text and data mining","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c241","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/3e2a1fc9b23e4e71","nativeRecordCid":"5bc72ab1-3778-438c-98c4-7a2afae8eb30","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c241","text":"Interdisciplinarity should be promoted as an area of interest/benefit convergence between HSS and science.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"","subject":"HSS-science convergence: interdisciplinarity","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"e. Interdisciplinarity","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c242","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/e1f5fa5a4685474b","nativeRecordCid":"7a2f5efb-7032-435f-83ec-c7b4a62df179","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c242","text":"Open access models are not strong in HSS.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"OA models in HSS","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"OA models are not \nstrong in HSS.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c243","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/3440fa164b1c45db","nativeRecordCid":"1ab2455e-bdda-421b-aba0-bbb5d924cf5f","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c243","text":"Guiding principles for open IP should be promoted.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"","subject":"guiding principles for open IP","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Promote guiding principles for Open IP as detailed in workgroup report","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c244","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/f098ccc114dc466c","nativeRecordCid":"21c10714-d286-401f-b406-93a2a34dc206","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c244","text":"Open IP is an emerging issue with many needs and challenges.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"open IP","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Open IP is an \nemerging issue with many needs \nand challenges.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c245","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/b44ab25013ad4362","nativeRecordCid":"a691e703-4bc7-4967-917d-d0fdfaec4c74","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c245","text":"OSI can help coordinate the needs and challenges of open IP with respect to scholarly communications.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"OSI's role in open IP","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"OSI can help coordinate these needs and \nchallenges with respect to scholarly \ncommunications.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c246","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/737b00c982c648c0","nativeRecordCid":"1b1e631e-2da0-4d2a-9b66-b8d49e22babb","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c246","text":"Peer review should be more clearly defined by the community, coordinating with partners like COPE, to establish an accepted standard that all journals need to follow.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"the community","subject":"definition of peer review","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Work as a community (coordinating with partners like COPE) to define more clearly \nwhat is and isn’t peer review, in order to im-\npose an accepted standard that all journals \nwill need to follow.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c247","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/f31e9b809ab7456c","nativeRecordCid":"46455859-4d3c-45e7-a445-a0be08a8c9f2","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c247","text":"The feasibility of publisher services disaggregation, whereby peer review and other services such as editing can be offered as discrete services, should be investigated.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"","subject":"publisher services disaggregation","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Investigate the feasibility of publisher ser-\nvices disaggregation, whereby peer review \n(and other services such as editing) can be \noffered as discrete services","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c248","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/c53445ff705a4958","nativeRecordCid":"11f139fa-4954-48e2-9812-9701c41dacfb","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c248","text":"The community should support continued investigation and experimentation with new peer review methods and weigh the pros and cons of each.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"the community","subject":"peer review experimentation","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The best course of \naction for this com-\nmunity will be to \nsupport continued \ninvestigation and \nexperimentation \nwith new methods \nand weigh the pros \nand cons of each","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c249","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/a449f3355d2c4e87","nativeRecordCid":"8a1c0470-1713-4beb-a0ba-92899a3c367c","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c249","text":"Institutional repositories mean different things to different people.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"institutional repositories","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Institutional repos-\nitories mean differ-\nent things to differ-\nent people.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c250","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/1bbac4b9707b498d","nativeRecordCid":"78448594-bc4e-4016-9abc-fae2c577701c","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c250","text":"Finding common ground on the future of institutional repositories is important for aligning incentives that will result in more interoperability and sustainability.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"","subject":"common ground on future of IRs","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Finding \ncommon ground on \nthe future of IRs is \nimportant—align-\ning incentives that \nwill result in more \ninteroperability and \nsustainability.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c251","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/0827233e207c4ef0","nativeRecordCid":"b8297602-7874-48c3-968f-83d9d9907396","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c251","text":"Services that act in blatant violation of copyright laws, such as Sci-Hub, do not fall within the definition of open access.","kind":"definitional","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"definition of open access","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Sci-Hub and any other service that acts in \nblatant violation of copyright laws, does not \nfall within the definition of open access","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c252","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/dbdc37fd48a24d89","nativeRecordCid":"bb66154b-f4ef-4b1d-a5c8-1df15dbe3877","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c252","text":"Standardization across issues in scholarly communication, from peer review to data deposits, should be pursued by coordinating with other actors.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"","subject":"standardization in scholarly communication","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Work toward standardization across many other issues and questions in scholcomm, \nfrom peer review to data deposits by coor-\ndinating with other actors in this space","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c253","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/619ab1153628470b","nativeRecordCid":"dc91fc28-ba33-4a0e-8eca-ecb5870e1803","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c253","text":"NEATOs highlight pain points in the current scholarly communication system.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"NEATOs","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"NEATOs highlight \npain points in the \ncurrent scholcomm \nsystem.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c254","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/f2d939472767440f","nativeRecordCid":"ac6e1304-86ce-4c24-b213-a189244ad8fa","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c254","text":"NEATOs are less effective at addressing large-scale problems in scholarly communication.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"NEATOs","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"They are \nless effective at \naddressing the \nlarge-scale prob-\nlems in scholcomm","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c255","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/7d072174285b4b6c","nativeRecordCid":"f25c0ef6-6b3b-4204-9bb2-cb9c12394cb5","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c255","text":"NEATOs are less effective at advancing the cause of open.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"NEATOs","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"or advancing the \ncause of open.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c256","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/ef6cb0b240184eea","nativeRecordCid":"9af04d7b-e6f5-40b8-b721-be39936b5912","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c256","text":"Creating a more transparent scholarly ecosystem requires rethinking how each individual and institution is rewarded and recognized for their roles in knowledge creation and dissemination.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"","subject":"transparent scholarly ecosystem","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Creating a more transparent schol-\narly ecosystem \nrequires rethinking \nhow each individ-\nual and institution \nis rewarded and \nrecognized for their \nroles in knowl-\nedge creation and \ndissemination","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c257","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/57efad490f7a40b5","nativeRecordCid":"750a4382-9958-4780-8602-991136de8447","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c257","text":"Tools that make every part of the research workflow more connected, efficient, and preserved should be advocated for.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"","subject":"tools for the research workflow","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Advocate for tools that make every part \nof the research workflow more connected, \nefficient, and preserved","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c258","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/df7ac79322c54295","nativeRecordCid":"76908447-302b-4154-ac42-efdaf670aa2e","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c258","text":"Creating a more transparent scholarly ecosystem requires careful attention to design a system that is sustainable, just, and responsive to new evidence.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"","subject":"transparent scholarly ecosystem","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Furthermore, \nit requires careful \nattention in order \nto design a system \nthat is sustainable, \njust, and responsive \nto new evidence.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c259","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/c645aa6d5f1f4e0d","nativeRecordCid":"333374c6-c87d-475e-8060-01fab964223c","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c259","text":"Academia needs incentives that encourage openness.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"academia","subject":"incentives for openness","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"and incentives that \nencourage open-\nness.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c260","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/9a8d4b7fb26a4512","nativeRecordCid":"ddb3e79d-5e16-49f0-9e36-0ea23aa64d43","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c260","text":"Most debate around open research practices and professional advancement only addresses STEM use cases.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"debate on open research and advancement","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Most debate around open research practices \nand professional advancement only address \nSTEM use cases.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c261","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/6916bbd7cc444a0b","nativeRecordCid":"62d376db-4103-4c93-a68c-570ff4c1f7a5","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c261","text":"More public sector shifts toward openness are needed.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"","subject":"public sector shifts toward openness","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Encourage more public sector shifts toward openness","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c262","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/d7f435d5638c42c2","nativeRecordCid":"780062e7-be48-4c23-a402-4fb0693ab11d","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c262","text":"More incentives for universities to publish in in-country journals are needed.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"","subject":"incentives for in-country publishing","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"more incen-\ntives for universities to publish in in-country journals","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c263","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/0c950f318cb64d84","nativeRecordCid":"86f33281-0746-4fa8-96fa-524fd5d31dcc","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c263","text":"Open access must be linked with science policy agendas.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"","subject":"OA and science policy agendas","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"linking of OA with science policy agendas","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c264","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/9c285af667db464a","nativeRecordCid":"48fca73f-89f6-4124-9aad-47b2e7452de2","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c264","text":"More south-south networking and collaboration is needed.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"","subject":"south-south networking and collaboration","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"more south-south networking and collaboration","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c265","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/cbad53ff65404edb","nativeRecordCid":"0e1f1b4d-560b-4309-b3b1-4b6236f2b9f7","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c265","text":"Visible displays of verified, appropriate, and objective standards are needed to showcase excellent journals from developing countries and mentor emerging ones.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"","subject":"standards to showcase journals from developing countries","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Development of visible displays of verified, appropriate, and objective standards is \nneeded to showcase excellent journals from developing countries and mentor young \nemerging ones","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c266","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/9d801f8695fc48a6","nativeRecordCid":"49efa772-5f9f-4c9b-8404-73231a3a570a","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c266","text":"Academia needs a closer reading of research by evaluation committees, rather than relying on the surrogates of publication venue and impact factor.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"academia","subject":"evaluation of research by committees","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Academia needs: \nA closer reading of \nresearch by com-\nmittees charged \nwith evaluation, \nrather than relying \non the surrogates of \npublication venue \nand impact factor;","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c267","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/ebfbf42048454dcb","nativeRecordCid":"9544feaa-6df4-49c0-a455-fe9fb9783dde","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c267","text":"Academia needs a broader view of the types of scholarly outputs that committees should consider as evidence of productivity and impact.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"academia","subject":"scope of scholarly outputs considered","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"a \nbroader view of the \ntypes of scholarly \noutputs that com-\nmittees should con-\nsider as evidence \nof productivity and \nimpact;","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c268","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/daf951c74c0146bb","nativeRecordCid":"6125e898-d1fd-461d-a4e0-26313e462a68","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c268","text":"There is much bias in the current global system of scholarly publishing.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"global system of scholarly publishing","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"There is much bias in the current global \nsystem of scholarly \npublishing.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c269","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/272530c5c01b4bd2","nativeRecordCid":"03dee9ae-1777-44ad-80d7-1daa9a2b71d7","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c269","text":"Academia needs an explicit acknowledgment of the benefits of publishing in open access venues.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"academia","subject":"acknowledgment of open access benefits","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"an explicit \nacknowledgment \nof the benefits of \npublishing in open \naccess venues;","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c270","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/01d587d5bc75426b","nativeRecordCid":"05aea6c4-5ce7-4aad-aaee-84dc25fba85d","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c270","text":"Regional open access publishing systems must be strengthened.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"","subject":"regional OA publishing systems","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"strengthen regional OA publishing \nsystems","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c271","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/4b4cdfb5468448d7","nativeRecordCid":"ebf5bab6-ef1b-40a7-a107-d36b8d7eee8e","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c271","text":"LMIC aggregator platforms must be expanded.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"","subject":"LMIC aggregator platforms","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"expansion of LMIC aggregator \nplatforms","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c272","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/cecd83063a7e47b0","nativeRecordCid":"483a3fed-5489-468c-b87e-bb188ac79e2d","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c272","text":"Unless corrected, bias in the global system of scholarly publishing will continue to widen the gap between the global north and global south regarding scholarly publishing opportunities and outputs.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"north-south publishing gap","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Unless \ncorrected, this \nbias will continue \nto widen the gap \nbetween the global \nnorth and global \nsouth with regard \nto scholarly publish-\ning opportunities \nand outputs.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c273","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/fb112a1fa4184268","nativeRecordCid":"50bebcb8-5640-45c1-91c8-59b44effc21e","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c273","text":"Policies that increase openness among one or more of the DARTS dimensions, while having no net decrease on any other, are aligned with the mission and purpose of OSI delegates and member institutions.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"policies increasing openness","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Policies that increase openness among one or more of these dimensions, while having no net decrease on any other, are aligned with the mission and purpose of OSI delegates and member institutions.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c274","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/1400be8b8b884f88","nativeRecordCid":"78277a98-227d-427a-a3b6-474e0852ebdd","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c274","text":"A scholarly community should have all parts of the research lifecycle openly available.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"","subject":"openness of the research lifecycle","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The Opens Scholarship Initiative envisions a scholarly community where all parts of the research lifecycle are openly available.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c275","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/c745e2b9ecf24e34","nativeRecordCid":"b2f5c9fc-f6c8-4983-9257-11472d5f3d56","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c275","text":"Research products must be made more discoverable.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"","subject":"research products","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"research products \nmust be made more Discoverable, Accessible, Reusable, Transparent, and Sustainably supported.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c276","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/4cf5623d74e446d3","nativeRecordCid":"b288c3a5-1d12-4501-a9d7-775b2af96b98","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c276","text":"Research products must be made more accessible.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"","subject":"research products","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"research products \nmust be made more Discoverable, Accessible, Reusable, Transparent, and Sustainably supported.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c277","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/d76ded070ad34d85","nativeRecordCid":"09043c6c-49f2-48d5-add7-ea621b5c6270","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c277","text":"Research products must be made more reusable.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"","subject":"research products","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"research products \nmust be made more Discoverable, Accessible, Reusable, Transparent, and Sustainably supported.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c278","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/0f9ae19f04a74bcd","nativeRecordCid":"ab529b17-2ca1-45eb-8ef0-2925547d19d2","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c278","text":"Research products must be made more transparent.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"","subject":"research products","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"research products \nmust be made more Discoverable, Accessible, Reusable, Transparent, and Sustainably supported.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c279","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/6dc881968bc547d0","nativeRecordCid":"4a9cb1af-bb0e-4423-8ca0-2dbc39b5ccc6","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c279","text":"Research products must be made more sustainably supported.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"","subject":"research products","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"research products \nmust be made more Discoverable, Accessible, Reusable, Transparent, and Sustainably supported.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c280","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/7e6c412579ec4bbc","nativeRecordCid":"aa436645-17a6-4c78-a953-5d1412b92f7d","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c280","text":"Infrastructure supporting open originated and is oriented toward the North/West.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"infrastructure origins","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"but these struc-\ntures originated and \nare oriented toward \nthe North/West","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c281","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/70444232182841f6","nativeRecordCid":"4fb1af2d-7435-47ed-a721-9ecae2cc046a","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c281","text":"Most infrastructure supporting open developed without sufficient consultation with the global community.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"infrastructure development consultation","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"and \nmost developed without suf-\nficient consultation with \nthe global community","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c282","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/49643661cd3d496b","nativeRecordCid":"9fca8371-16fb-4591-95fc-acec0f96ce96","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c282","text":"More collaboration and cooperation amongst infrastructure groups is needed to advance open.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"","subject":"collaboration among infrastructure groups","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"More collaboration \nand cooperation \namongst infrastruc-\nture groups is needed \nto advance open.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c283","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/164632f0e4bd470f","nativeRecordCid":"8651e4c5-684a-4a46-872f-cf30e7011542","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c283","text":"Research transcends disciplines, geography, institutions and stakeholders.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"research","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"research tran-\nscends disciplines, \ngeography, institu-\ntions and stakehold-\ners","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c284","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/76532b0c0365462b","nativeRecordCid":"fedd3bae-fe59-40ca-864b-41c5ed874e6d","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c284","text":"The infrastructure that supports research needs to transcend disciplines, geography, institutions, and stakeholders.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"","subject":"research infrastructure","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"the infrastructure \nthat supports it needs \nto do the same.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c285","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/25a8d0f78e1c4a50","nativeRecordCid":"e8642c53-6785-4594-8b77-39224780c0d9","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c285","text":"The owners of infrastructures should be engaged to push for measures that secure global implementation and adoption of infrastructure.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"","subject":"infrastructure owners","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Engage with the “owners” of the infra-\nstructures to push for measures that can \nsecure global implementation/adoption","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c286","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/79a99280641348cb","nativeRecordCid":"9039c41a-9da0-436e-9a5a-1fd5125a8e90","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c286","text":"Infrastructure is critical to open.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"infrastructure","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Infrastructure is critical to \nopen","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c287","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/9338eb917c1b4998","nativeRecordCid":"6d3c134b-659b-4e33-b8a7-e80c312fd79c","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c287","text":"Systemic changes regarding standards, indexing, and language access should be pursued for journals in all regions.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"","subject":"systemic changes for journals","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Pursue systemic changes regarding stan-\ndards, indexing and language access (1)","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c288","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/ffb66039e27a4764","nativeRecordCid":"5511878c-08c2-4fb1-8f19-142f8463e59e","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c288","text":"The academic community should be educated about the importance of journals to research culture and open publishing.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"","subject":"education on importance of journals","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Educate the academic community about \nthe importance of journals to research \nculture and open publishing","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c289","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/8f1b33cbdc11482f","nativeRecordCid":"bffe0704-af98-4da1-8da6-b281f64c6a3b","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c289","text":"The academic community should be educated about the role of impact factors in undermining smaller, more specialized journals and those in the global south.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"","subject":"education on impact factors' effects","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"the \nrole of impact factors in P&T in undermin-\ning smaller, more specialized journals and \nthose in the global south","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c290","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/1143684b75e34a21","nativeRecordCid":"1bdbc61e-bebf-4860-9209-8f587b2ea7c4","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c290","text":"The academic community should be educated about the importance of mentorship.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"","subject":"education on mentorship","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"the importance \nof mentorship","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c291","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/a76d2274bab74d1a","nativeRecordCid":"1769b7b2-608b-411d-8de9-b23a32482f40","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c291","text":"The academic community should be educated about learning from global south journals, many of which are already open access and publishing at low cost.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"","subject":"education on global south journals","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"learning from global south \njournals, many of which are already OA \nand publishing at low cost","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c292","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/3a0dc9d961304b04","nativeRecordCid":"3a0ee1f7-242b-4178-ab95-b9a26feed309","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c292","text":"Academic culture change should be addressed to improve research standards.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"","subject":"academic culture change","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"address-\ning academic culture change to improve \nresearch standards (2)","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c293","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/57cb253aacb64a14","nativeRecordCid":"29676b41-567a-4775-9cb3-4cf035d4b859","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c293","text":"Journals in the global south face unique challenges.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"journals in the global south","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Journals in the global \nsouth face unique chal-\nlenges.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c294","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/656a3555ab7843a1","nativeRecordCid":"1ba28f63-f746-4b8d-918e-4ae1fb8a7911","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c294","text":"These unique challenges are partly the result of having to fit into an expensive and rigid \"northern\" system.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"causes of global south journal challenges","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"These are partly \nthe result of having to try \nto fit into an expensive \nand rigid “northern” \nsystem","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c295","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/658f389e27bb4c54","nativeRecordCid":"2d66b9db-6cda-4796-9112-64296021e203","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c295","text":"These unique challenges are partly the result of lack of funding and training and a less developed research and academic infrastructure.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"causes of global south journal challenges","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"and partly be-\ncause of lack of funding \nand training and a less \ndeveloped research and \nacademic infrastructure.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c296","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/3430ffe5722d4792","nativeRecordCid":"0758b5eb-d163-4f91-86c8-19180588a93f","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c296","text":"Libraries should support, engage, and/or collaborate on actions that continue to build out the framework for more open.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"libraries","subject":"library actions for open framework","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Support, engage and/or collaborate on \nactions that continue to build out the \nframework for more open (3)","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c297","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/98fc40a09be04fba","nativeRecordCid":"b0200ead-182b-4cb1-b2dd-6a119492519b","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c297","text":"Libraries should support, engage, and/or collaborate on actions that continue connecting resources and efforts to make more open possible.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"libraries","subject":"library actions connecting open resources","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Support, engage and/or collaborate on \nactions that continue connecting resources \nand efforts to make more open possible (3)","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c298","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/9b6c28851d33426c","nativeRecordCid":"6c16ab72-6d99-4c4c-8099-f5c2e2303b8e","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c298","text":"Libraries should support, engage, and/or collaborate on actions that continue to improve the capacity of existing open resources and efforts.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"libraries","subject":"library actions improving open capacity","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Support, engage and/or collaborate on ac-\ntions that continue to improve the capacity \nof existing open resources and efforts (3)","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c299","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/66a619dc39ce4c74","nativeRecordCid":"21472681-cb66-4a86-95d3-c9472ef4e864","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c299","text":"There is a lot of diversity in the open knowledge stakeholder group.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"open knowledge stakeholder group","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"There’s a lot of diversity in the open knowledge stakeholder group. This is an exciting time to innovate, and there are lots of good solutions emerging.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c300","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/c85757a63e6e4c90","nativeRecordCid":"d2915cd7-96ca-41c3-a010-d2f83a8e6607","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c300","text":"This is an exciting time to innovate in open knowledge.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"open knowledge innovation","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"There’s a lot of diversity in the open knowledge stakeholder group. This is an exciting time to innovate, and there are lots of good solutions emerging.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c301","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/7deae1e967c04626","nativeRecordCid":"20be1862-b5a8-411e-a56b-8707ce3676a6","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c301","text":"Many good solutions are emerging in the open knowledge space.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"open knowledge solutions","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"There’s a lot of diversity in the open knowledge stakeholder group. This is an exciting time to innovate, and there are lots of good solutions emerging.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c302","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/7ac06778fd11471f","nativeRecordCid":"5fa9363c-d065-4444-b3b3-e3af1a7f4213","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c302","text":"There is broad support amongst libraries everywhere for open, despite wide differences in resources and definitions, aimed at providing stewardship in discovery, preserving and disseminating the scholarly record, ensuring efficient and effective use of budgets, and advocating for equitable access.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"library support for open","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Despite wide differences \nin resources, defini-\ntions and more, there is \nbroad support amongst \nlibraries everywhere \nfor open—to provide \nstewardship in discovery, \npreserve and dissemi-\nnate the scholarly record, \nensure the efficient and \neffective use of budgets, \nand to advocate for equi-\ntable access.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c303","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/397c85f845de496f","nativeRecordCid":"89556e83-244a-4ea4-a860-b7b3c6fd55a6","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c303","text":"Publishers are important drivers of innovation in scholarly communication.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"publishers","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Open access is important for all publishers. Pub-\nlishers are also important drivers of innovation in \nscholarly communication, and are committed to \nserving their clients and customers.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c304","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/247c172e94e64956","nativeRecordCid":"aef72290-ab9f-4450-8dd1-5e8c227e5044","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c304","text":"Publishers are committed to serving their clients and customers.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"publishers","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Open access is important for all publishers. Pub-\nlishers are also important drivers of innovation in \nscholarly communication, and are committed to \nserving their clients and customers.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c305","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/a7f394e1a753412c","nativeRecordCid":"26f3b3cf-f693-4e80-b21c-7ad4816fcf07","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c305","text":"Many publishers compete with each other.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"publishers","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Also, because many of them compete \nwith each other, it is in many cases forbidden by \nlaw and/or unwanted (for competitive reasons) to \nshare opinions, policies and strategies.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c306","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/204edca4b28c41a1","nativeRecordCid":"b62b71e2-46e7-4e76-9429-460598ed040b","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c306","text":"It is often forbidden by law or unwanted for competitive reasons for competing publishers to share opinions, policies, and strategies with each other.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"publishers","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Also, because many of them compete \nwith each other, it is in many cases forbidden by \nlaw and/or unwanted (for competitive reasons) to \nshare opinions, policies and strategies.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c307","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/de969cc628204707","nativeRecordCid":"eb967e3e-0eca-42f5-a4af-d3a1fe2c6a45","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c307","text":"Real advancement in open scholarship requires structures that are tolerant of failure and admit a new range of techniques and approaches.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"","subject":"advancement in open scholarship","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"3. Real advancement requires support for \nthe innovation and experimentation of our \nscholars, structures tolerant of failure and \nadmitting of a new range of techniques and \napproaches.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c308","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/351e171e249f450d","nativeRecordCid":"3944ca0c-77f8-46a6-a987-62eea551261b","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c308","text":"Research universities are committed to exploring ways to advance open research.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"research universities","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Research universities are committed to explor-\ning ways to advance open research, but also \nsensitive to the reality that one-size-fits-all \napproaches do not reflect the needs and \nconcerns of all scholars (without whom there \nwould be very little intellectual product to \ndebate).","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c309","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/8e25c28fd6aa461f","nativeRecordCid":"ed0ac2b9-4150-43a2-907c-66021eb7a141","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c309","text":"One-size-fits-all approaches do not reflect the needs and concerns of all scholars.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"one-size-fits-all approaches","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Research universities are committed to explor-\ning ways to advance open research, but also \nsensitive to the reality that one-size-fits-all \napproaches do not reflect the needs and \nconcerns of all scholars (without whom there \nwould be very little intellectual product to \ndebate).","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c310","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/e08bb031747b4867","nativeRecordCid":"7510d4fc-64ae-4421-8ee3-d1b48126453f","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c310","text":"Open norms and standards should be established to make it easier for everyone to participate in the open ecosystem.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"the scholcomm community","subject":"open norms and standards","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"3. In the scholcomm community: Establish \nopen norms and standards to make it eas-\nier for everyone to participate in the open \necosystem. Also, support more author \nchoice in this ecosystem","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c311","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/ef6ad2393ff741ef","nativeRecordCid":"73bd7974-ce3a-4c11-8e28-98ce19ca413b","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c311","text":"Author choice in the open ecosystem should be supported.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"","subject":"author choice","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Also, support more author \nchoice in this ecosystem","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c312","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/1b08107a52124fd8","nativeRecordCid":"c62174f4-8b2e-4d18-93f9-6ae1100688ea","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c312","text":"Clarity in communicating about what open scholarship means is needed.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"","subject":"communication about open scholarship","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"This stakeholder group \nshares a perspective of \nOA that reflects both \nthe need for clarity in \ncommunicating about \nwhat open scholarship \nmeans, and a richer \nunderlying landscape \nenabling a spectrum of \nopenness for different \nscholarly objects.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c313","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/bb01afd9ce334e41","nativeRecordCid":"5a924c58-e2d1-41b6-ad76-f0c2dd1b2f16","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c313","text":"There is a richer underlying landscape enabling a spectrum of openness for different scholarly objects.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"openness landscape","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"This stakeholder group \nshares a perspective of \nOA that reflects both \nthe need for clarity in \ncommunicating about \nwhat open scholarship \nmeans, and a richer \nunderlying landscape \nenabling a spectrum of \nopenness for different \nscholarly objects.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c314","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/cb798b5169524ade","nativeRecordCid":"92e5efbf-80c6-42b1-b313-b8db7bf24d10","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c314","text":"The incentives for OA publishing should be more clearly fostered and articulated in order to effectuate behavioral changes.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"","subject":"incentives for OA publishing","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"This \ngroup also shares an \ninterest in more clearly \nfostering and articulating \nthe incentives for OA \npublishing to effectuate \nbehavioral changes.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c315","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/45093d3ed922407f","nativeRecordCid":"fa1a8d4b-2ae7-427a-9b6c-a97ccd967147","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c315","text":"Societies are in a unique position to influence the move toward open because they represent large groups of professional constituencies.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"scholarly societies","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Societies are in a unique \nposition to influence \nthe move toward open \nbecause they represent \nlarge groups of profes-\nsional constituencies.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c316","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/c8162af871d1447c","nativeRecordCid":"75b4bdc8-c43f-4b66-a2cc-6ba403970ac7","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c316","text":"Society publications are self-sustaining.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"society publications","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"This said, society pub-\nlications are self-sus-\ntaining and fund other \nsociety programs and \nservices, and traditional \nsociety publishing take \ncare to steward and \nadvance research, so \nthere’s a disincentive to \nchange models.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c317","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/47b5367b3fd8439a","nativeRecordCid":"3872b406-6285-4f37-b9cf-b29f15914cbb","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c317","text":"Society publications fund other society programs and services.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"society publications","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"This said, society pub-\nlications are self-sus-\ntaining and fund other \nsociety programs and \nservices, and traditional \nsociety publishing take \ncare to steward and \nadvance research, so \nthere’s a disincentive to \nchange models.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c318","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/fb147e00c8b941b5","nativeRecordCid":"f46f41db-855b-4085-993d-924b5d53b14d","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c318","text":"Traditional society publishing takes care to steward and advance research.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"traditional society publishing","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"and traditional \nsociety publishing take \ncare to steward and \nadvance research, so \nthere’s a disincentive to \nchange models.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c319","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/80a611821b3746ee","nativeRecordCid":"e078760f-d019-4f77-8860-0c69b09febac","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c319","text":"There is a disincentive for societies to change their publishing models.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"societies","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"so \nthere’s a disincentive to \nchange models.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c320","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/af24b73e4e3d4f5f","nativeRecordCid":"976d8b02-4bd8-4510-8764-0ae687449b4f","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c320","text":"Standards should have few out-of-pocket financial requirements.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"","subject":"journal standards","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Standards should have few out-of-\npocket financial requirements and means for journals to pay for them should be addressed.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c321","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/8676b476975f476c","nativeRecordCid":"528df718-ee02-47cc-9cd9-12ea700d0853","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c321","text":"Means for journals to pay for standards should be addressed.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"","subject":"journal standards funding","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Standards should have few out-of-\npocket financial requirements and means for journals to pay for them should be addressed.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c322","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/84fd25bb54b34c8e","nativeRecordCid":"903ec359-b1a2-4048-89b1-8016f1d58a4a","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c322","text":"Journal editors are important to the culture of academic scholarship.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"journal editors","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Convey to academic institutions and funders the importance of journal editors to the culture of academic scholarship","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c323","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/8f005e3eb18e44f8","nativeRecordCid":"9a02b251-20b6-4540-ac45-96644b3d75c6","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c323","text":"Use of impact factor and publication in Global North journals as criteria for research impact creates problems for Global South journals and for the fostering of academic culture in the Global South.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"impact factor and Global North publication criteria","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Convey to Global South academic institutions and funding organizations the problems that use of impact factor and publi-\ncation in Global North journals as criteria for research impact create for Global South journals and the fostering of academic \nculture in the Global South","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c324","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/d2d45c4b75594b2d","nativeRecordCid":"bc47fa30-a3a2-4aba-90ed-7e9b7a6e9d9d","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c324","text":"There should be greater transparency in the pricing of OA journals.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"","subject":"pricing of OA journals","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Advocacy efforts that push a need for greater transparency in the \npricing of OA journals","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c325","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/c6fed14fadc24205","nativeRecordCid":"89ee33e0-d339-4e05-ada1-52b391597f8b","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c325","text":"The culture of communication in academia needs to be reformed.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"","subject":"culture of communication in academia","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"That is, a large number of workgroups in OSI2016 and OSI2017 felt that the two \nmost important concerns with regard to reforming scholarly communications were the need for more studies and information, and the \nneed to reform the culture of communication in academia.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c326","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/e27effd2b6714f0a","nativeRecordCid":"383a27e7-f1ca-4181-a5c2-a41686c4f1e4","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c326","text":"There are many gaps in the current understanding of how to reform scholarly communication.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"understanding of scholarly communication reform","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"There are many gaps in our understanding, and more in-\nformation is needed before we can move forward aggressively and assuredly in a number of areas.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c327","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/347cd3474e2745bd","nativeRecordCid":"177bbc56-f92a-4ac0-8462-c1a375711522","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c327","text":"More information is needed before scholarly communication reform can move forward aggressively and assuredly in many areas.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"","subject":"scholarly communication reform","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"There are many gaps in our understanding, and more in-\nformation is needed before we can move forward aggressively and assuredly in a number of areas.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c328","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/c9776506384d4e0a","nativeRecordCid":"b94f8ac1-4568-4d22-b6d7-e7949bf591e0","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c328","text":"The international scholarly communication community should discover critical missing pieces of the open scholarship puzzle.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"the international scholarly communication community","subject":"open scholarship puzzle","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Plan A plan recom-\nmends that the international scholarly communication community begin immediate and significant \naction to:\n•\tDISCOVER critical missing pieces of the open scholarship puzzle so we can design open reforms \nmore effectively;","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c329","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/49132771afff4c83","nativeRecordCid":"61b361e2-0e1c-458b-a0d8-531dc30b2651","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c329","text":"The international scholarly communication community should design, build, and deploy an array of much-needed open infrastructure tools.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"the international scholarly communication community","subject":"open infrastructure tools","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"•\tDESIGN, build and deploy an array of much need open infrastructure tools to help accelerate the \nspread and adoption of open scholarship practices;","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c330","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/8226e4ab907741c7","nativeRecordCid":"2452eedf-faba-47b5-89fa-6a616d269af4","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c330","text":"The international scholarly communication community should work together to find common ground solutions that address key issues and concerns in scholarly communication.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"the international scholarly communication community","subject":"common ground solutions","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"•\tWORK TOGETHER on finding common ground solutions that address key issues and concerns \n(see OSI’s Common Ground policy paper for more detail); and","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c331","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/1a70ef95e218406b","nativeRecordCid":"8658e7a4-3ab8-4378-8fd5-c47350d7b645","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c331","text":"OSI's Plan A synthesizes the most significant themes and recommendations that have emerged from OSI's work.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"OSI's Plan A","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Over time, these deliberations led to the development of OSI’s Plan A, which synthesizes all the most \nsignificant themes and recommendations that have emerged from OSI’s work.","representedInStars":false}
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{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c336","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/1e36a5a1617d4b49","nativeRecordCid":"66cfb08c-266a-45e4-8b26-4f446a06dbbe","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c336","text":"The open science community should develop big picture agreement on the goals ahead.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"the open science community","subject":"open science community goals","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Develop big picture agreement on the goals ahead and com-\nmon ground approaches to meet these goals; and","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c337","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/ff1564d03b334146","nativeRecordCid":"57efa19d-e4a2-41a9-af01-4259f296629a","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c337","text":"The open science community should develop common ground approaches to meet its goals.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"the open science community","subject":"open science community approaches","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Develop big picture agreement on the goals ahead and com-\nmon ground approaches to meet these goals; and","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c338","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/4b03a34fedc0450b","nativeRecordCid":"b699beb1-5c10-4c5f-ae75-60fc19b01778","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c338","text":"The open science community should help build UNESCO's global open roadmap.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"the open science community","subject":"UNESCO's global open roadmap","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Help build UNESCO’s global open roadmap.","representedInStars":false}
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{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c340","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/1c64b01e223843b3","nativeRecordCid":"2766310f-0835-41bd-9025-e6ff0eb9cfa8","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c340","text":"The open science community's work should be common-goal oriented.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"the open science community","subject":"the community's work","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Common-goal oriented;","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c341","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/744690684d4d4459","nativeRecordCid":"dd005adb-822b-468b-8f84-5b478a81d11e","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c341","text":"The open science community's work should be accountable.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"the open science community","subject":"the community's work","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Accountable;","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c342","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/55dd134bd01c44ed","nativeRecordCid":"d41d5d8b-0526-46ee-9344-aedbfe2ad1b3","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c342","text":"The open science community's work should be equitable.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"the open science community","subject":"the community's work","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Equitable;","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c343","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/bb6b90478742492e","nativeRecordCid":"b66922f3-e224-4830-a28d-b9f0e636ba1a","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c343","text":"The open science community's work should be sustainable.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"the open science community","subject":"the community's work","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Sustainable;","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c344","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/ae57dfd406b14e36","nativeRecordCid":"f8afb54a-1e4a-468d-9dd1-49878e6343c9","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c344","text":"The open science community's work should be transparent.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"the open science community","subject":"the community's work","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Transparent;","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c345","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/b59c5c457d0a40a2","nativeRecordCid":"b4e1a957-37d3-4ad0-9ef1-8f330cefd364","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c345","text":"The open science community's work should be understandable.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"the open science community","subject":"the community's work","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Understandable; and","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c346","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/a50d9df0cc094877","nativeRecordCid":"56e6e492-c098-40d8-b7f4-78f471df1897","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c346","text":"The open science community's work should be responsive to the research community.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"the open science community","subject":"the community's work","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Responsive to the research community.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c347","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/774e6f44831a4a3a","nativeRecordCid":"74e3faa9-708e-4659-b019-fa00c59678db","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c347","text":"Making research more open is vital to broader society.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"","subject":"openness of research","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"It is vital to broader society to make research more open.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c348","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/9ffed4d962a14271","nativeRecordCid":"b417a33a-b429-4929-b66e-1946559c54ce","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c348","text":"The open science community's approaches to opening research should be developed carefully and in close collaboration with each other.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"the open science community","subject":"approaches to opening research","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"It is also vital that our approaches be devel-\noped carefully and in close collaboration with each other.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c349","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/1d58258d59ff4ff9","nativeRecordCid":"4092e5de-de77-4343-86c8-b9330e1d2ec7","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c349","text":"Working together on big picture solutions, grounding efforts on facts and actions, and embracing the diversity of the open science space will create the future needed for open science.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"collaborative approach to open science","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"this general emphasis on working together on big picture solutions, ground-\ning our efforts on more facts and actions, and embracing the diversity of this space as well as our \ncommon interests and concerns, will create the kind of future we need for open science.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c350","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/7ffc301643514e47","nativeRecordCid":"1e01e010-20f3-4baf-b133-aa06c868180d","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c350","text":"Only this collaborative approach of working together, grounding efforts on facts, and embracing diversity will create the future needed for open science.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"collaborative approach to open science","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Indeed, only \nthis approach will create this future.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c351","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/eac0a17fb5064d15","nativeRecordCid":"59e9832b-b90a-4185-bea5-5257ad91f736","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c351","text":"Approaches that fail to recognize the open science community's diversity or common ground may result in further division in the open science space.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"approaches that ignore community diversity","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Other approaches that fail to recognize our community’s diversity \nor our common ground may result in further division in this space, or even a fracturing of the solution \nspace into approaches that work for just the EU, or just the US, creating separate and distinctly un-\nequal worlds of science.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c352","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/13042fb44d5e4044","nativeRecordCid":"812074cd-16c2-447a-8bd8-f2987bd40e5e","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c352","text":"Approaches that fail to recognize the open science community's diversity or common ground may result in fracturing of the solution space into approaches that work only for regions like the EU or the US, creating separate and distinctly unequal worlds of science.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"approaches that ignore community diversity","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Other approaches that fail to recognize our community’s diversity \nor our common ground may result in further division in this space, or even a fracturing of the solution \nspace into approaches that work for just the EU, or just the US, creating separate and distinctly un-\nequal worlds of science.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c353","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/aa23941d46c3454b","nativeRecordCid":"6da4aad9-3cef-4b32-835a-57461cd06ddb","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c353","text":"Plan A synthesizes the significant themes and recommendations that have emerged in OSI, namely to discover missing information and to work together on open science goals, solutions, and outreach.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"Plan A","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Plan A synthesizes the significant \nthemes and recommendations \nthat have emerged in OSI—namely, \nto discover missing information, \nand work together on open science \ngoals, solutions and outreach.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c354","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/03c1f2b48a5d4dce","nativeRecordCid":"8fea4726-7c39-43f9-8639-50b6a168ebd4","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c354","text":"UNESCO should not prescribe specific solutions to open science at this time.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"UNESCO","subject":"UNESCO's role in open science policy","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"OSI believes that UNESCO should not \nprescribe specific \nsolutions at this time, \nbut should instead \nbegin by designing a \nframework for action \nthat embraces the \ndiversity in this space.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c355","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/92cccc98ffff4ba9","nativeRecordCid":"63ed1b64-2509-43be-a68d-d35a22469e94","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c355","text":"UNESCO should instead begin by designing a framework for action that embraces the diversity in the open science space.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"UNESCO","subject":"UNESCO's role in open science policy","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"OSI believes that UNESCO should not \nprescribe specific \nsolutions at this time, \nbut should instead \nbegin by designing a \nframework for action \nthat embraces the \ndiversity in this space.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c356","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/40f152d63c074c00","nativeRecordCid":"9cb4ada7-70fc-4536-b6f7-c18d3ef39502","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c356","text":"Identifying common principles for open science policy reform as a group would enable creation of a broad model that can be adapted or adopted.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"common principles for open science policy reform","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"If we can identify these principles as a group we can \nthen make a broad model that can be adapted or adopted.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c357","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/fc594da29e384825","nativeRecordCid":"7501aae7-2539-498b-af77-253d0b9de104","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c357","text":"Open science means different things to different people.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"the term open science","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Unfortunately, open science \nmeans different things to different people.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c358","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/4cf383eb9b194d20","nativeRecordCid":"0e6f49ff-f4da-4870-9111-6a9f5ec9f993","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c358","text":"The words \"open\" and \"science\" defy easy description.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"the words open and science","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Even the words “open” and “science” defy easy description.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c359","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/52c098fef4f5455f","nativeRecordCid":"a7e52eef-2af9-4de3-951f-2c2a01a8782d","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c359","text":"Different groups define \"open\" differently.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"definitions of open","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Different groups define “open” differently.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c360","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/97eef93209cb43e8","nativeRecordCid":"11c9adae-ca81-4c5f-bb3d-2ffd731e5c87","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c360","text":"OSI uses an \"open spectrum\" to visualize the wide variety of open outcomes in the marketplace.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"OSI's open spectrum framework","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"OSI uses an “open \nspectrum” to visualize the wide variety of open outcomes in the marketplace.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c361","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/d3cf8a0ba8ab4eaa","nativeRecordCid":"216c7066-7e0c-4306-8e0b-93dd35003f46","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c361","text":"Open outcomes vary along the dimension of discoverability.","kind":"definitional","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"open spectrum dimensions","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"These \noutcomes vary along five dimensions: discoverability, accessibility, reusability, transpar-\nency and sustainability (DARTS).","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c362","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/ae085686dc0b4aa9","nativeRecordCid":"ab6086d6-49db-44b9-8a8f-b3e9b2402f5b","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c362","text":"Open outcomes vary along the dimension of accessibility.","kind":"definitional","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"open spectrum dimensions","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"These \noutcomes vary along five dimensions: discoverability, accessibility, reusability, transpar-\nency and sustainability (DARTS).","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c363","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/bacdf9d22fdd47fb","nativeRecordCid":"5cb3c0b2-6095-4972-85ba-358b10a91816","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c363","text":"Open outcomes vary along the dimension of reusability.","kind":"definitional","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"open spectrum dimensions","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"These \noutcomes vary along five dimensions: discoverability, accessibility, reusability, transpar-\nency and sustainability (DARTS).","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c364","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/de1cb7558219440f","nativeRecordCid":"67276ba6-ce51-4e1d-8d43-07b526b2cd36","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c364","text":"Open outcomes vary along the dimension of transparency.","kind":"definitional","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"open spectrum dimensions","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"These \noutcomes vary along five dimensions: discoverability, accessibility, reusability, transpar-\nency and sustainability (DARTS).","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c365","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/e6e59ede7c0b47ea","nativeRecordCid":"8a4b3edc-fe29-4932-9398-6194aaea155d","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c365","text":"Open outcomes vary along the dimension of sustainability.","kind":"definitional","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"open spectrum dimensions","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"These \noutcomes vary along five dimensions: discoverability, accessibility, reusability, transpar-\nency and sustainability (DARTS).","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c366","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/aa7974c465974f63","nativeRecordCid":"3bb8dc93-4ff0-4f48-a3c3-01d01513b649","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c366","text":"Many different combinations of the five DARTS dimensions are considered open, not just combinations that are completely open.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"combinations of DARTS dimensions","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Many different combinations of these five dimensions \nare considered open, not just combinations that are “completely open” (see diagram).","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c367","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/273addb37adf419b","nativeRecordCid":"c3c3eded-e54a-4070-b617-32e10d0996d4","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c367","text":"Some actors in open science see open as a pathway to achieving particular research and societal goals.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"views of open science actors","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Some see open as a pathway to achieving particular goals, including specific research and societal goals.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c368","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/ca7e54ccefe54109","nativeRecordCid":"7a3bc5a7-6200-470e-86ad-1014e07f3182","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c368","text":"Open science is a catch-all phrase, like STEM, used to describe a future that will cure many of science's problems.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"open science as a catch-all concept","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"for some, open science is a catch-all phrase like STEM (discussed later in this section), used to describe a future that will cure many of \nscience’s problems (e.g., reproducibility will increase, discovery will accelerate, society will gain \nmore value from research, etc.; OSI subscribes to this latter philosophy, but we also support \ncreating the foundation and policies needed to make this philosophy more than just words).","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c369","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/7c55e32237ae42b5","nativeRecordCid":"42679342-9d3e-492f-83e1-a598a812b881","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c369","text":"Achieving different open outcomes involves different policy choices.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"open outcomes and policy choices","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Achieving these different out-\ncomes involves different policy choices, so our words matter.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c370","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/9e3fc6881af24232","nativeRecordCid":"2ab2e9f6-dc24-42f2-ad05-5183a12e3d2d","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c370","text":"There is a variety of motives for trying to make science information more open.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"motives for open science","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"There are a variety of motives for trying to make science information more open.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c371","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/04811220bd0a4a67","nativeRecordCid":"8ae66448-6995-4283-ad17-c741aa84997e","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c371","text":"Variation in motives for open science affects the kinds of solutions that are prioritized.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"motives for open science","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"This variation affects the kinds of solutions we prioritize, and the degree to which our solutions \nare optimally incentivized and aligned with our community’s needs and goals.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c372","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/188b0c9a962342fc","nativeRecordCid":"53ade9b0-e240-4b37-a1fd-7b1dfb567532","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c372","text":"Variation in motives for open science affects the degree to which solutions are optimally incentivized and aligned with the community's needs and goals.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"motives for open science","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"This variation affects the kinds of solutions we prioritize, and the degree to which our solutions \nare optimally incentivized and aligned with our community’s needs and goals.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c373","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/fcde07fa88204956","nativeRecordCid":"e24e63fa-8e9a-42ef-8aaa-db0ac15e875c","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c373","text":"Some actors in open science see open as a goal unto itself without identifying specifically what it will accomplish.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"views of open science actors","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Some actors in open science see open as a goal unto itself without identifying spe-\ncifically what it will accomplish.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c374","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/11b1ade0f8c04460","nativeRecordCid":"39bd3dab-d0bc-45b9-9cb8-22a7832002e9","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c374","text":"Foundation and policies are needed to make the vision of open science as a cure for science's problems more than just words.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"","subject":"foundation and policies for open science","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"OSI subscribes to this latter philosophy, but we also support \ncreating the foundation and policies needed to make this philosophy more than just words).","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c375","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/23e60ed95349403b","nativeRecordCid":"88ec539a-aec7-4301-9c0b-7e548b830dca","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c375","text":"The need for open research resonates more strongly in some fields than others.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"need for open research across fields","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The need for open research resonates more strongly in some fields than others—for ex-\nample, in COVID-19 research as opposed to, say, research into the migratory patterns of certain \nwater fowl.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c376","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/02e9b66049c146b1","nativeRecordCid":"46f9a85e-398e-4c80-a3a0-cccaa51b0ea7","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c376","text":"The open spectrum is the full range of different types of possible open outcomes for information, from completely closed artifacts to open access information and everything in-between.","kind":"definitional","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"the open spectrum","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"“The open spectrum is the full range of different \ntypes of possible open outcomes for information, from completely closed artifacts to open access information and everything in-between.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c377","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/5cc7d40d1c9f42d6","nativeRecordCid":"1968fcb6-7d50-4c1c-b1c8-c906397d9561","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c377","text":"The more discoverable, freely accessible, and unrestrictedly reusable an information artifact is, the more open it is.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"information artifact openness","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The more easily discoverable, freely accessible, unrestrictedly reusable an \ninformation artifact (such as a book, a journal article, a dataset, or piece of code), the more open it is.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c378","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/4cdd35c4b3014a09","nativeRecordCid":"3794b90b-3c32-4a09-8e4d-091947e15d91","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c378","text":"The DARTS spectrum encourages more openness in scholarly and scientific communication.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"the DARTS spectrum","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The DARTS spectrum encourages more \nopenness in scholarly and scientific communication, while also recognizing that open exists in various stages and that in some cases, opti-\nmally open may not mean maximally open.","representedInStars":false}
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{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c380","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/70020334741146b5","nativeRecordCid":"6c43eb7e-9e98-4fd7-bda1-2dff43b27660","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c380","text":"In some cases, optimally open may not mean maximally open.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"optimal versus maximal openness","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The DARTS spectrum encourages more \nopenness in scholarly and scientific communication, while also recognizing that open exists in various stages and that in some cases, opti-\nmally open may not mean maximally open.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c381","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/fa355d7930094862","nativeRecordCid":"a49c4209-1f05-48ac-873f-a5a05b35ae15","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c381","text":"The sustainability of larger, more established open solutions may evoke more confidence than that of new, small, or one-off solutions.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"sustainability of open solutions","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"This may be hard \nto know — the sustainability of larger, more established solutions may evoke more confidence than new, small, or one-off solutions.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c382","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/5495d26ff31b4a19","nativeRecordCid":"251a9b94-ad7c-405a-b5e4-606a72146787","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c382","text":"Karl Popper's The Open Society and Its Enemies is one of the more influential books of the 20th century.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"Popper's The Open Society and Its Enemies","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Karl Popper’s The Open Society \nand Its Enemies is one of the more \ninfluential books of the 20th Century.","representedInStars":false}
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{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c384","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/3b9cfeba94474fda","nativeRecordCid":"1cac4bb2-dae1-499d-b2a4-0423bd08d34e","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c384","text":"Norms and challenges regarding openness vary across research fields.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"openness norms across fields","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Also, some fields, like physics and astrono-\nmy, are already much more open than other fields—norms and \nchallenges vary.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c385","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/32a9c1a969004f98","nativeRecordCid":"a879b064-9e43-473b-bfc8-e83116c10fa7","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c385","text":"Research fields that are not science will inevitably be impacted by reforms to science.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"non-science fields","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"And research fields that are not science will \ninevitably be impacted by reforms to science, yet these fields \nhave unique needs and concerns.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c386","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/3734ce23660c4a1d","nativeRecordCid":"9d429c1e-6407-408e-b1cc-85b616a47a9d","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c386","text":"Research fields that are not science have unique needs and concerns regarding open science reforms.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"non-science fields","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"And research fields that are not science will \ninevitably be impacted by reforms to science, yet these fields \nhave unique needs and concerns.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c387","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/635a0ef99e12456e","nativeRecordCid":"2dfa660c-fbdc-44e7-a899-349050070961","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c387","text":"This fractalization of open has been happening throughout the history of the open movement.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"the open movement","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"This “fractalization” of open has \nbeen happening throughout the history of the open movement, with free soci-\neties producing free information, but always never quite free enough.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c388","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/a922364c7878480f","nativeRecordCid":"07755afb-71d1-4b8b-bf0f-8013dc53c70b","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c388","text":"Free societies produce free information, but it is always never quite free enough.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"free societies and free information","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"This “fractalization” of open has \nbeen happening throughout the history of the open movement, with free soci-\neties producing free information, but always never quite free enough.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c389","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/30a828c6ac894cda","nativeRecordCid":"ba9aa290-40f3-4ae7-b7e7-10f854958ee4","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c389","text":"One-size-fits-all solutions will not work for all of research.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"open science solutions","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"One-size-fits-all solutions will \nnot work for all of research.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c390","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/3df1bea0b7de4cae","nativeRecordCid":"5f6f0044-d941-4be6-9a46-cb2de0d18ad3","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c390","text":"There is a tendency in some parts of the open community to take a narrow view about open science.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"views within the open community","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"There is a tendency in some parts of the open community to \ntake a rather narrow view about open science, and this narrowness can \nblind us all to understanding broader perspectives and make it harder \nto recognize the challenges and workable solutions in this space.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c391","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/a7e4b4d33a91460c","nativeRecordCid":"694a7f17-91d7-42a4-97c6-8fee79d1b4fe","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c391","text":"A narrow view of open science can blind people to understanding broader perspectives on open science.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"narrow views of open science","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"There is a tendency in some parts of the open community to \ntake a rather narrow view about open science, and this narrowness can \nblind us all to understanding broader perspectives and make it harder \nto recognize the challenges and workable solutions in this space.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c392","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/4bbeb98846784f00","nativeRecordCid":"64172dff-21fb-46ec-affc-6672465efc9b","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c392","text":"A narrow view of open science can make it harder to recognize the challenges and workable solutions in the open science space.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"narrow views of open science","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"There is a tendency in some parts of the open community to \ntake a rather narrow view about open science, and this narrowness can \nblind us all to understanding broader perspectives and make it harder \nto recognize the challenges and workable solutions in this space.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c393","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/18dfe12017d54a42","nativeRecordCid":"6c6e12aa-fc65-4d8f-875d-81fef19714d4","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c393","text":"Nathaniel Tkacz's 2012 essay provides a good foundation for understanding the philosophical roots of diversity in the open science space.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"Tkacz's 2012 essay","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Nathaniel Tkacz’s 2012 essay on the connections \nbetween the modern open science movement and Karl Popper’s open \nsociety theories provides a good foundation for understanding the phil-\nosophical roots of diversity in the open science space.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c394","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/1373f73f63aa4f83","nativeRecordCid":"fedc1472-f264-449c-9999-4baee75d181b","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c394","text":"The philosophical roots of diversity in the open science space run much deeper than the 2002 Budapest Open Access Initiative meeting.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"roots of open science diversity","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"These roots run \nmuch deeper than the 2002 Budapest Open Access Initiative (BOAI) \nmeeting, which is often  hailed as the starting point for “open access” \npublishing.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c395","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/d0b27eca36cc41ac","nativeRecordCid":"89fdd950-483c-4ab6-a80d-438fd6fbb770","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c395","text":"Open access publishing may have its conceptual underpinnings in 2002.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"origins of open access publishing","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Open access publishing may have its conceptual underpin-\nnings in 2002, but “open” itself is different—the audiences are different, \nthe applications are different, and the origins are different.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c396","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/2e2e8602092243ed","nativeRecordCid":"abf5be84-593f-4757-963d-b858edaebe07","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c396","text":"\"Open\" itself differs from open access publishing in its audiences, applications, and origins.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"open versus open access publishing","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Open access publishing may have its conceptual underpin-\nnings in 2002, but “open” itself is different—the audiences are different, \nthe applications are different, and the origins are different.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c397","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/78241ad91be64ed6","nativeRecordCid":"f1cf13a9-431d-4f96-8a6c-965cd901ff19","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c397","text":"Open science does not have a singular definition.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"open science definition","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Even “open \nscience” doesn’t have a singular definition or point of origin—different \nfields have different needs and applications.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c398","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/7d4ef67183804c3c","nativeRecordCid":"9977b111-413b-4f3e-9a31-856d34c7b385","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c398","text":"Open science does not have a single point of origin.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"open science origin","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Even “open \nscience” doesn’t have a singular definition or point of origin—different \nfields have different needs and applications.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c399","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/112ac8bd14a14be8","nativeRecordCid":"b51f6d3e-be8a-46b2-aa1c-3afe58630a75","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c399","text":"Once something is defined as open, it tends to become closed as limits emerge with that definition.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"definitions of open","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"once something is defined as open it tends to become closed—\nlimits emerge with that definition of open, so a new movement emerges \nto make things even more open.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c400","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/0ab00f6e1fb74889","nativeRecordCid":"69283f1c-b171-4f2f-b5f0-dd0fc2f9fdfe","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c400","text":"A new movement emerges to make things even more open once limits emerge with an existing definition of open.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"movements for openness","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"once something is defined as open it tends to become closed—\nlimits emerge with that definition of open, so a new movement emerges \nto make things even more open.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c401","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/12ff494128154152","nativeRecordCid":"1877d03b-93fe-40bf-8237-d8504a8d2576","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c401","text":"Definitions of open science are everywhere.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"definitions of open science","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Despite all these differences and the rich and varied evolutionary path of open, “definitions” of open science are everywhere.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c402","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/a973bab5d2664856","nativeRecordCid":"b1161849-5002-4bde-93e3-df67657166e0","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c402","text":"Existing definitions of open science are not wrong or ill-advised.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"definitions of open science","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"These definitions aren’t wrong or ill-advised.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c403","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/c618da74f04941b4","nativeRecordCid":"f5a6c985-57ec-4ecc-964f-641ba669a8ea","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c403","text":"Existing definitions of open science are plentiful.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"definitions of open science","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"But it is important to note they are plentiful and incon-\nsistent.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c404","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/5710d743744f4bfc","nativeRecordCid":"eb64b493-c946-4c8a-9c2c-3fad97d80ce0","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c404","text":"Existing definitions of open science are inconsistent.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"definitions of open science","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"But it is important to note they are plentiful and incon-\nsistent.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c405","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/f01f5a2e2a1d4cba","nativeRecordCid":"78142edf-ec10-477e-9129-c0992fceb605","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c405","text":"Bianca Kramer and Joroen Bosman's framework is useful for assessing the diversity of definitions of open science.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"Bosman and Kramer's framework","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Bianca Kramer and Joroen Bosman created a useful framework (Bosman & Kramer 2017) for \nassessing the diversity of definitions.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c406","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/d9c53956f82742b1","nativeRecordCid":"ca1738e3-e176-404f-9bc3-072b0f756b26","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c406","text":"Broad definitions of open science use selective interpretations, such as those from the EU and US, to serve as broad open science policy wrappers.","kind":"definitional","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"broad definitions of open science","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"1. Broad definitions that use selective interpretations (like from the EU and US), to serve as \nbroad open science policy wrappers","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c407","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/a4db29302ba44810","nativeRecordCid":"3baa09e4-8b30-44fb-af38-c51fab4e8965","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c407","text":"Maximal definitions of open science, like the FOSTER Open Science Taxonomy, accommodate all developments that could be relevant to making science and knowledge more open.","kind":"definitional","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"maximal definitions of open science","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"2. Maximal definitions like the FOSTER Open Science Taxonomy (see the “Elements of Open \nScience” discussion below) that accommodate all developments that could be relevant to mak-\ning science and knowledge more open","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c408","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/5d2886b8ea204356","nativeRecordCid":"9cdb0ac0-58e6-43b0-89ca-c5849aa55fbe","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c408","text":"Practical definitions of open science denote a core of concern while leaving room for many different implementations.","kind":"definitional","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"practical definitions of open science","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"3. Practical definitions that denote a core of concern while leaving room for many different im-\nplementations (e.g., the FAIR principles).","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c409","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/e5d4be7f9bb448f6","nativeRecordCid":"ef7a042a-edb3-4ac0-82e7-4d0ca5696016","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c409","text":"In practical use on a university campus, open science often is a shorthand umbrella term for many activities that stem from many different principles.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"open science on a university campus","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"In practical use on a university campus, open science \noften is a shorthand umbrella term for many activities (e.g., open licensing of data or posting \nopen access preprints) that stem from many different principles (e.g., transparency, inclusivity, \naccess, social justice).","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c410","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/0cb125dfe8794cbf","nativeRecordCid":"a7d89ac4-b6dc-408f-a977-88b0417a6704","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c410","text":"Personal definitions of open science combine many themes and elements from an individual point of view.","kind":"definitional","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"personal definitions of open science","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"4. Personal definitions that combine many themes and elements from an individual point of \nview, and","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c411","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/5a05374897964920","nativeRecordCid":"9d438b27-b9ff-4e1a-afaa-2165d0e43802","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c411","text":"Catchphrase definitions of open science are popular short phrases, such as \"Open science is science done right.\"","kind":"definitional","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"catchphrase definitions of open science","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"5. Catchphrase definitions, like the popular “Open science is science done right.” ","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c412","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/d0514ec857704e43","nativeRecordCid":"38a84997-b717-4672-8df1-9eae594145cb","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c412","text":"Open science is fragmented and fluid.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"open science","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"OSI’s core recommendation on the question of defining open science is to recognize that open sci-\nence is fragmented and fluid, rooted in different understandings of the word “open,” a wandering \nevolutionary path of the open concept, different uptake and adoption by different fields, and different \nphilosophical underpinnings for different audiences.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c413","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/82c6d58cf15b4e4a","nativeRecordCid":"078261be-272d-4143-8ad2-8f678b5d2924","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c413","text":"Open science is rooted in different understandings of the word \"open.\"","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"open science","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"OSI’s core recommendation on the question of defining open science is to recognize that open sci-\nence is fragmented and fluid, rooted in different understandings of the word “open,” a wandering \nevolutionary path of the open concept, different uptake and adoption by different fields, and different \nphilosophical underpinnings for different audiences.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c414","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/df65a3abec7640fc","nativeRecordCid":"39a56363-351a-4482-8ab6-89a34be9971d","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c414","text":"Open science has followed a wandering evolutionary path.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"open science","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"OSI’s core recommendation on the question of defining open science is to recognize that open sci-\nence is fragmented and fluid, rooted in different understandings of the word “open,” a wandering \nevolutionary path of the open concept, different uptake and adoption by different fields, and different \nphilosophical underpinnings for different audiences.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c415","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/0c82c43237a04964","nativeRecordCid":"fa640fe1-1898-4f72-8d9b-c3d3e29b6965","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c415","text":"Open science has different uptake and adoption by different fields.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"open science","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"OSI’s core recommendation on the question of defining open science is to recognize that open sci-\nence is fragmented and fluid, rooted in different understandings of the word “open,” a wandering \nevolutionary path of the open concept, different uptake and adoption by different fields, and different \nphilosophical underpinnings for different audiences.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c416","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/bd66130d98274023","nativeRecordCid":"a032d759-29d8-4ebc-af3e-2c326b144b12","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c416","text":"Open science has different philosophical underpinnings for different audiences.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"open science","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"OSI’s core recommendation on the question of defining open science is to recognize that open sci-\nence is fragmented and fluid, rooted in different understandings of the word “open,” a wandering \nevolutionary path of the open concept, different uptake and adoption by different fields, and different \nphilosophical underpinnings for different audiences.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c417","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/383fd3b6c01f4cc4","nativeRecordCid":"9602c213-3e57-4f68-b163-aef1dbd0aa80","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c417","text":"Many different audiences embrace open science for different reasons.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"audiences of open science","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"As noted later in this report, many different \naudiences embrace open science for different reasons.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c418","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/59a391bbff124ebc","nativeRecordCid":"4c80411f-fae8-4b1a-b879-d49329c952f5","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c418","text":"Creating a concise, all-encompassing definition of open science risks producing sub-optimal outcomes.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"concise definitions of open science","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"it is also important \nto recognize that doing so risks creating two sub-optimal outcomes:","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c419","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/181908062c3e4619","nativeRecordCid":"1950faa2-0ef5-4bc1-9356-02b7b0f0fa3f","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c419","text":"Without a broad, all-encompassing definition of open science, it is not possible to identify all the elements of open science.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"elements of open science","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Without a broad, all-encompassing definition of \nopen science, we can’t identify all the elements of \nopen science.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c420","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/a0b9352a7b9f45b7","nativeRecordCid":"52338236-728a-46d6-baf9-8f982f2d637c","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c420","text":"A one-size-fits-all definition of open science may be fine for policy promotion purposes.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"one-size-fits-all definition of open science","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Trying to define \nopen science in a one-size-fits-all way may be fine for policy promotion purposes, but research-\ners who don’t see their interests and passions represented in this definition won’t be inspired to \njoin the open science movement, and we won’t develop the right kinds of incentives that align \ntheir passions with open outcomes.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c421","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/8ebc908837a1408a","nativeRecordCid":"f2feb594-4170-4256-a641-74a0861aa17a","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c421","text":"Researchers who do not see their interests and passions represented in a one-size-fits-all definition of open science will not be inspired to join the open science movement.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"researchers and one-size-fits-all definitions","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Trying to define \nopen science in a one-size-fits-all way may be fine for policy promotion purposes, but research-\ners who don’t see their interests and passions represented in this definition won’t be inspired to \njoin the open science movement, and we won’t develop the right kinds of incentives that align \ntheir passions with open outcomes.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c422","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/cc22322c05bb47d6","nativeRecordCid":"72e39d48-7b51-490b-a61d-e7d8c603e29c","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c422","text":"A one-size-fits-all definition of open science prevents the development of the right kinds of incentives that align researchers' passions with open outcomes.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"one-size-fits-all definition of open science","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Trying to define \nopen science in a one-size-fits-all way may be fine for policy promotion purposes, but research-\ners who don’t see their interests and passions represented in this definition won’t be inspired to \njoin the open science movement, and we won’t develop the right kinds of incentives that align \ntheir passions with open outcomes.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c423","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/b5558254dbde42a0","nativeRecordCid":"54c13544-2640-4d2b-b1b7-3dffc1751c03","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c423","text":"Scholarly communication should stop referring to \"open science\" when it means \"replicable science.\"","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"","subject":"terminology of open science versus replicable science","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"It would be great if we \ncould all just stop referring \nto “open science” when we \nreally mean “replicable \nscience.”","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c424","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/2dde98cd6ffa4244","nativeRecordCid":"89e5401d-61b6-48f6-96b3-ed994fc08fbb","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c424","text":"A suite of narrowly tailored definitions for open science, reflecting the needs of specific audiences and stakeholder groups, may be developed.","kind":"normative","modality":"may","actor":"","subject":"narrowly tailored definitions of open science","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"it may be best to develop (or simply collect for now) a suite of more \nnarrowly tailored definitions for open science—narrow definitions that work for specific audiences, and \nreflect the specific needs and concerns of different actors and stakeholder groups.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c425","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/fac337b86aea4d34","nativeRecordCid":"bb461baa-1bc5-49f3-b548-56035992efec","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c425","text":"Narrow definitions of open science can be refined, with broad stakeholder input, alongside a single policy framework definition that embraces the broad uncertainty and diversity in open science.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"narrow definitions of open science","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"These definitions \ncan be refined, with broad stakeholder input, alongside a single “policy framework” definition that em-\nbraces the broad uncertainty and diversity in this space.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c426","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/aee9b2c16bc6408e","nativeRecordCid":"a74365ce-dd9a-428b-ae42-a346a0f22e41","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c426","text":"A true understanding of open science cannot be accurately communicated by a short definition.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"understanding of open science","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"we recommend embracing the perspective that a true understanding of open science cannot be \naccurately communicated by a short definition.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c427","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/e5bf382029254f17","nativeRecordCid":"5babd607-fe50-431a-888d-1bd5f422336a","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c427","text":"Short definitions of open science may help promote policy.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"short definitions of open science","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Such definitions have their place, and may help pro-\nmote policy, but they should be used with care when it comes to implementing policy.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c428","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/751774d1f66840d8","nativeRecordCid":"f63b32fe-be57-4653-8d55-70266a35bb0a","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c428","text":"Short definitions of open science should be used with care when it comes to implementing policy.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"","subject":"short definitions of open science","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Such definitions have their place, and may help pro-\nmote policy, but they should be used with care when it comes to implementing policy.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c429","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/06a33f7df0254f83","nativeRecordCid":"d6768cb7-ec80-43f7-8404-8e2f96a68c08","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c429","text":"The elements of open science comprise organizing elements.","kind":"definitional","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"elements of open science","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"drawing from four main categories of elements: organizing, evidence-based, prescriptive, and \npractice-based:","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c430","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/e47507f469314e86","nativeRecordCid":"9485a90d-9bd9-4801-abb2-6931801e4b79","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c430","text":"The elements of open science comprise evidence-based elements.","kind":"definitional","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"elements of open science","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"drawing from four main categories of elements: organizing, evidence-based, prescriptive, and \npractice-based:","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c431","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/af8a59f1f5cc40c0","nativeRecordCid":"f70900cb-26e0-4589-b085-1cfab06f4b74","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c431","text":"The elements of open science comprise prescriptive elements.","kind":"definitional","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"elements of open science","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"drawing from four main categories of elements: organizing, evidence-based, prescriptive, and \npractice-based:","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c432","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/1a7ec3d545f043ea","nativeRecordCid":"a15ecf6c-4849-4f0f-8af2-39df3b4f7747","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c432","text":"The elements of open science comprise practice-based elements.","kind":"definitional","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"elements of open science","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"drawing from four main categories of elements: organizing, evidence-based, prescriptive, and \npractice-based:","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c433","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/e572bd14c2a546e9","nativeRecordCid":"70466618-b15a-44c0-a07c-094f95b191bf","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c433","text":"Open science has developed many areas of practice.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"open science practice areas","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Open science has developed many areas of practice, as Knoth \nand Pontika’s (2015) widely circulated “Open Science Taxonomy” chart shows (see next page).","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c434","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/515f2b0094524a33","nativeRecordCid":"39b44098-ca38-474a-927e-79328d7c4273","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c434","text":"Each area of open science practice has its own businesses, users, standards and communities of practice.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"open science practice areas","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Each of these areas has its own businesses, users, standards and communities of practice;","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c435","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/ced6de767fa048b3","nativeRecordCid":"147720d8-dc8e-4b89-9dbc-f766e419f660","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c435","text":"There is awareness of each other's existence between areas of open science practice.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"open science practice areas","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"between these areas, even though there is awareness of each other’s existence, there isn’t nec-\nessarily policy alignment or coordination.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c436","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/c3456d07efd34e9f","nativeRecordCid":"63f93850-bcf7-4c29-8029-65251b4a5cd6","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c436","text":"There isn't necessarily policy alignment or coordination between areas of open science practice.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"open science practice areas","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"between these areas, even though there is awareness of each other’s existence, there isn’t nec-\nessarily policy alignment or coordination.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c437","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/d1a1137d30aa4fe2","nativeRecordCid":"9901d3f4-adb2-4a75-8ba7-e4d9c30c9dcc","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c437","text":"All the elements of open science are a direct reflection of the many different needs, challenges, concerns and perspectives in the open science space.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"elements of open science","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"it is im-\nportant to observe that all these elements of open science are a direct reflection of the many different \nneeds, challenges, concerns and perspectives in the open science space.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c438","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/d22bf16fd8834e97","nativeRecordCid":"af5db815-e986-4275-9642-bdc01c7c8133","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c438","text":"Understanding the elements of open science gives a clearer, more practical view into how open science is being defined and used.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"elements of open science","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Understanding these ele-\nments can give us a clearer, more practical window into understanding how open science is being \ndefined and used.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c439","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/c10eef692f654d21","nativeRecordCid":"91aa9faf-61cc-4d34-b81d-5820dafa220c","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c439","text":"One-size-fits-all solutions do not work for open science policy.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"open science policy solutions","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"we should begin \nto see that —as we note throughout in this report—one-size-fits-all solutions don’t work.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c440","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/2c27758729ff4158","nativeRecordCid":"7075e590-c032-4b57-808d-c76c463358d7","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c440","text":"Global open science policies can help guide the community toward high-level common ground goals.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"global open science policies","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"open science policies we develop can help guide our community toward high-level common ground \ngoals, but to the extent possible, these policies will be more effective, robust, and sustainable if they \nare driven by the wants and needs of researchers themselves—improving access here, data flow there, \ntransparency and replicability where needed, and so on.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c441","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/f4b1b72d53534f07","nativeRecordCid":"f2223748-f198-46e8-b144-4fdd0db7c7b0","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c441","text":"Open science policies are more effective, robust, and sustainable if they are driven by the wants and needs of researchers themselves.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"open science policies","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"open science policies we develop can help guide our community toward high-level common ground \ngoals, but to the extent possible, these policies will be more effective, robust, and sustainable if they \nare driven by the wants and needs of researchers themselves—improving access here, data flow there, \ntransparency and replicability where needed, and so on.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c442","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/17ad67d0012944ff","nativeRecordCid":"07e9db4e-879c-4748-9bc2-e00a05f10388","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c442","text":"Researchers do not speak with a single voice.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"researchers","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Since researchers do not speak with a single \nvoice, we need a policy framework that embraces this diversity, rather than an all-encompassing set of \nprescriptive policy solutions.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c443","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/7e134aae7874412e","nativeRecordCid":"ec112393-c529-4313-96ed-c3df846a7040","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c443","text":"A policy framework for open science must embrace the diversity of researcher voices rather than being an all-encompassing set of prescriptive policy solutions.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"","subject":"open science policy framework","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Since researchers do not speak with a single \nvoice, we need a policy framework that embraces this diversity, rather than an all-encompassing set of \nprescriptive policy solutions.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c444","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/4163bbf3a20a4fd6","nativeRecordCid":"8be23c3f-5536-4b8f-956d-a83b6ef97c66","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c444","text":"There are many more individuals and groups acting in open science than meet the eye.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"actors in open science","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"When we try to count the “actors” in open science, it is important to recognize there are many more \nindividuals and groups “acting” in this space than meet the eye.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c445","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/a19b0ce72c054810","nativeRecordCid":"2c4e486b-f6bd-4453-ad11-c67c66e6d96a","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c445","text":"Not recognizing the full range of actors in open science blurs the distinction between what is thought to be happening in open science and what is actually happening.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"actors in open science","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"By not recognizing this, we blur the \ndistinction between what we think is happening in open science and what is actually happening.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c446","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/27b61a9eff7a40ce","nativeRecordCid":"96ddf88a-708b-49a3-bb6d-673a624e09c9","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c446","text":"Some actors are acting with open science rather than in open science.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"actors in open science","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"some actors aren’t necessarily acting \nin open sci-\nence as much as with open science","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c447","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/f9622f67623846da","nativeRecordCid":"2b2346cb-f928-4aed-b2aa-a2c782309af0","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c447","text":"Polarization in the scholarly communication community has caused some to segregate actors and their actions into \"legitimate\" and \"illegitimate\" varieties.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"polarization in scholarly communication","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"and by the polarization in the scholarly communication community \nthat has caused some to segregate actors and their actions into “legitimate” and “illegitimate” varieties:","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c448","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/84918d464251486f","nativeRecordCid":"0d4465f2-b248-4414-b82f-7a08333d5f7c","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c448","text":"A complete census of the population of open science actors has never been undertaken.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"census of open science actors","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"A complete \ncensus of this population has never been undertaken.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c449","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/48cf387a96ee4ad4","nativeRecordCid":"246121f6-c457-4b88-9f10-b9e223e63386","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c449","text":"It is incorrect to equate open access publishing reform with open science.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"open access publishing reform and open science","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"it is incorrect to equate \nopen access publishing reform with open science;","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c450","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/72ebcf87c64343ab","nativeRecordCid":"feaea2bb-a00b-4d4b-a68e-07d6707472de","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c450","text":"Open access publishing is just one part of the open science equation.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"open access publishing","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"publishing is just one part of the open sci-\nence equation.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c451","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/887f8697afb749ab","nativeRecordCid":"db9569f9-11da-41c1-ba58-ada91f98fa97","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c451","text":"Many actors within the major open access stakeholder groups are unrepresented in discussions about open access.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"open access stakeholder groups","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"are unrepresented in these discussions, and many stakeholder groups are missing entirely.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c452","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/f188237f3e17462e","nativeRecordCid":"ff0227ad-361d-4ec4-9345-640c7571439f","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c452","text":"Many stakeholder groups are missing entirely from discussions about open access.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"open access stakeholder groups","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"are unrepresented in these discussions, and many stakeholder groups are missing entirely.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c453","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/11a2a844867c4f1d","nativeRecordCid":"6a605fdb-1604-4cfb-aede-e4beefe88a55","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c453","text":"Researchers are not involved in open access discussions in any meaningful way.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"researchers and open access discussions","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"researchers aren’t involved in any meaningful way,","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c454","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/f9966ff69a674ecc","nativeRecordCid":"e46508f4-3ba7-41d2-854a-a63245728d1a","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c454","text":"Many other major stakeholders, including the general public, have no voice and no power in open access discussions.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"stakeholders in open access discussions","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"many other major stakeholders, \nincluding the general public, have no voice and no power.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c455","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/afc1e2b5d84141d2","nativeRecordCid":"a08bf781-f634-4e42-8a3a-4133c3607ac2","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c455","text":"Smaller research universities, universities from lower income countries, scholarly societies, university presses, non-university research institutions, government funders, and many other stakeholders have generally been absent from open access discussions in any coordinated sense.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"stakeholders absent from open access discussions","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Also generally absent in any coordinat-\ned sense have been smaller research universities and universities from lower income countries, \nas well as scholarly societies, university presses, non-university research institutions, government \nfunders, and many other stakeholders.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c456","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/12f0bb8895414b24","nativeRecordCid":"61bbeff3-63b0-44ec-a6a1-f464e1847512","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c456","text":"All stakeholders in the open movement need to be heard.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"","subject":"stakeholders in the open movement","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"In OSI, our main organizing principle has been that all \nstakeholders in the open movement need to be heard.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c457","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/2d254b10a46143d7","nativeRecordCid":"9cd5aaec-d43c-4303-8bec-91e81a1788c4","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c457","text":"Working together enables the scholarly communication community to find common ground and build a sustainable foundation for open reforms.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"working together on scholarly communication reform","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"We believe that only by working together \nwill we be able to understand the scholarly communication \nlandscape in a way that allows us to find common ground \nand build a truly sustainable foundation for open reforms \non this common ground.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c458","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/c0cc221c0d984343","nativeRecordCid":"2e2d3cc7-47d8-416f-bcc9-1206a5037977","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c458","text":"Provosts more often than not ask libraries to take the lead on open science issues.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"provosts and libraries","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"more often than not \nprovosts ask libraries to take the lead on this issue,","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c459","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/1220dd1112f346fe","nativeRecordCid":"6e30b19c-33b8-4c00-8416-188461ccf91e","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c459","text":"The interests of libraries can be different from the interests of provosts' offices or their institutions more generally.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"libraries and provosts' offices","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"the interests of libraries can be different from \nthe interests of provosts’ offices or their institutions more generally;","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c460","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/a50b90c8a50749f4","nativeRecordCid":"3d412bf8-349d-4029-b97e-ee2fef968c44","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c460","text":"In a diverse group like OSI, only the people who speak are heard, and not everyone speaks.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"OSI as a diverse group","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"even in a diverse group like \nours, it’s the people who speak who are heard (and not everyone speaks);","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c461","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/1cff9577c3db43c7","nativeRecordCid":"d9aa7625-f7d0-416f-9e1f-2758708a56c2","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c461","text":"Researchers are underrepresented in OSI, not only in numbers but in diversity.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"researchers in OSI","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"researchers are \nunderrepresented (not only in numbers, but diversity","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c462","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/4cce3cd58c8f4909","nativeRecordCid":"1b85b83b-0f49-4ebe-a888-0655c31c7e5d","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c462","text":"Researcher opinions about open science and about the needs and challenges in this space vary widely by age, career stage, field, research institution, and world region.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"researcher opinions about open science","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"researcher opinions about open science \nand about the needs and challenges in this space vary widely by age, career stage, field, re-\nsearch institution, and world region).","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c463","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/6c597b312cac4648","nativeRecordCid":"ed6f5a33-ee7e-44a4-a98b-925d39cc802d","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c463","text":"OSI is the world's only standing, large, diverse, high-level body working on open science reform.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"OSI","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Still, even with these shortcomings, OSI is the world’s only \nstanding, large, diverse, high-level body working on open science reform.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c464","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/a47be1a085f34f9e","nativeRecordCid":"0609bda6-8708-482d-a886-f394ceb0e24f","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c464","text":"OSI's lessons of experience will be helpful in creating a body tasked with creating global policy on open science.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"OSI's lessons of experience","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Our lessons of experi-\nence will be helpful in creating a body tasked with creating global policy on this issue.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c465","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/e9d2d2f4bd374ee5","nativeRecordCid":"7b9eb9a8-75da-402f-abb5-bdacc6fbcaa0","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c465","text":"Many different people and groups are acting in open science without necessarily considering their work to be in furtherance of open science.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"people and groups acting in open science","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"we need to bear in mind that \nmany different people and groups are acting in this space without necessarily considering their \nwork to be in furtherance of open science per se.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c466","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/83d84f48adb044f9","nativeRecordCid":"e07ae996-d2a4-46b9-a3ee-5dee566e89c4","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c466","text":"Polarization fuels the problem of inconsistent counting of open science actors, since not everyone necessarily sees or counts the same groups of people.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"polarization and open science actor census","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"This polarization fuels issue number one regarding our open actor “census”—we aren’t all necessarily seeing or counting the same groups of people.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c467","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/f8e30062e9c24ecf","nativeRecordCid":"bb2d7e94-f05e-4596-8ba3-effaf6782070","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c467","text":"Because open science isn't clearly defined, it cannot be said that one party is an actor in open science while another is not.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"open science actors","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Because open science isn’t clearly defined, we \ncan’t say that party X is an actor in open science but party Y is not.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c468","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/21f55fea01944005","nativeRecordCid":"4ee9ee53-8386-44b9-b531-ea776fe08218","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c468","text":"All different people and groups working on open-science-related activities can, in a broad sense, be considered to be working together for open science.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"people and groups working on open science","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"We can, in a very broad sense, consider all of these different people and groups to be \nworking together for open science, but many are marching to the beat of a different drummer.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c469","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/14842593bf5b4f0a","nativeRecordCid":"bee3ea9e-441b-4dde-86c5-3a2afa6467aa","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c469","text":"Many people and groups working on open science are marching to the beat of a different drummer.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"people and groups working on open science","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"We can, in a very broad sense, consider all of these different people and groups to be \nworking together for open science, but many are marching to the beat of a different drummer.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c470","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/45d946b3fb5a43f5","nativeRecordCid":"de18621f-0cbe-483e-b17f-962cb2dad827","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c470","text":"Some individuals and groups involved in open science see themselves as part of the same movement, while many may not.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"individuals and groups involved in open science","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Some may see themselves as being part of the same marching band, many may not.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c471","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/ffc68b76ca5a4688","nativeRecordCid":"62c55002-d3c4-4055-94c3-5cdff444f8ce","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c471","text":"There is a significant amount of distrust in the scholarly communication reform arena, which has grown from years of infighting over how open should be defined, by whom, and who should control the future of open.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"distrust in scholarly communication reform","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"There is a significant amount of distrust in the scholarly communication reform \narena, which has grown from years of infighting over how open should be defined, by whom, \nand who should (and shouldn’t) control the future of open.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c472","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/eafa4dc98ccf40ea","nativeRecordCid":"92bbed51-925e-4cfa-abc2-13657c16fbc8","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c472","text":"Open movements in general have been susceptible to this dynamic of distrust and polarization, not just the open science movement.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"open movements","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Open movements in general have \nbeen susceptible to this dynamic—it isn’t just the open science movement that has fallen prey","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c473","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/38454ad9bc3d4d85","nativeRecordCid":"b589e22a-9bd0-4642-aa19-67f22a5b6b63","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c473","text":"A culture of unilateralism has sprung from the distrust in scholarly communication reform.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"culture of unilateralism","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"From this distrust has sprung \na culture of unilateralism, where many posit that it doesn’t really matter what everyone thinks \nbecause not everyone matters and the right kind of change won’t happen with everyone involved.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c474","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/faf73fd5d5d647fd","nativeRecordCid":"af4b5391-3099-425c-a151-b3b9d0988695","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c474","text":"The culture of unilateralism has produced an open science reform movement marked by exclusive partnerships between like-minded groups to achieve objectives that affect far more than their immediate sphere of influence.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"culture of unilateralism","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"This culture of unilateralism has also produced an open science reform movement marked by “ex-\nclusive” partnerships between like-minded groups to achieve objectives that will affect far more \nthan their immediate sphere of influence.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c475","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/c3babdd1e9f241fe","nativeRecordCid":"572a0527-7470-489e-9c47-c34cd6226efd","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c475","text":"All groups of actors in open science should be engaged in policy discussions, not just the ones usually heard from.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"","subject":"open science actors and policy discussions","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"OSI’s recommendation is to engage \nall of these groups in policy discussions, not just the ones we usually hear from.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c476","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/d56a2ad07e724e48","nativeRecordCid":"7c28a24e-6855-404c-94d0-d9f8ba3279a8","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c476","text":"Researchers should be engaged more effectively in open science efforts.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"","subject":"researchers in open science","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Of particular interest to \nus and to UNESCO is to engage researchers more effectively in this effort, and also to ensure that we \nbuild a stronger bridge between the public and science, thus enabling an environment where we can \ntransfer the benefits of science to the public more effectively than now.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c477","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/9b1578ed991f4e2b","nativeRecordCid":"4f4bd5d8-d2b4-4e47-95ea-49e1043f6d30","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c477","text":"A stronger bridge between the public and science should be built.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"","subject":"relationship between the public and science","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Of particular interest to \nus and to UNESCO is to engage researchers more effectively in this effort, and also to ensure that we \nbuild a stronger bridge between the public and science, thus enabling an environment where we can \ntransfer the benefits of science to the public more effectively than now.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c478","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/2e850cc007344619","nativeRecordCid":"5b3e9d55-130d-413a-942a-b552822b3c72","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c478","text":"Guiding principles for implementing openness in science must be designed with care and humility.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"","subject":"guiding principles for open science implementation","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Our guiding principles for this implementation, therefore, \nneed to be designed with care and humility.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c479","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/6c9284ef5d7b4285","nativeRecordCid":"0b855120-9b0c-4a18-b6cd-1661ccf37fa1","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c479","text":"Guiding principles for open science implementation can be categorized as strategic.","kind":"definitional","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"guiding principles for open science implementation","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"OSI has identified three basic categories of guiding principles that might be useful to consider: stra-\ntegic, philosophical, and outcome-based.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c480","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/f9c85f3d33504f42","nativeRecordCid":"86a84108-78b6-4516-ba19-674afa02d4f1","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c480","text":"Guiding principles for open science implementation can be categorized as philosophical.","kind":"definitional","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"guiding principles for open science implementation","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"OSI has identified three basic categories of guiding principles that might be useful to consider: stra-\ntegic, philosophical, and outcome-based.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c481","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/6af6119a77bf4c6a","nativeRecordCid":"fb42f67e-85ea-4fb2-808e-7fe7cbe6702b","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c481","text":"Guiding principles for open science implementation can be categorized as outcome-based.","kind":"definitional","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"guiding principles for open science implementation","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"OSI has identified three basic categories of guiding principles that might be useful to consider: stra-\ntegic, philosophical, and outcome-based.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c482","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/0fdf177542674cdf","nativeRecordCid":"82f3ea8b-ea1c-4a54-a894-c8f945a5cb50","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c482","text":"There are many different pathways to scholarly communication reform, including many that have not yet been conceived or deployed.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"pathways to scholarly communication reform","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Instead, \nthere are many different pathways to \nreform, likely including many that have not yet \nbeen conceived or deployed.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c483","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/75599a84f9a04682","nativeRecordCid":"9e70619a-ddf9-43c3-88a5-7a69e7a15460","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c483","text":"Plan A is a synopsis of the main themes and recommendations that have emerged in OSI's examination of the scholarly communication landscape.","kind":"definitional","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"Plan A","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Plan A is a synop-\nsis of the main themes and recommendations that have emerged in OSI during this group’s examination \nof the scholarly communication landscape.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c484","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/fef97c0f8d8c4ac9","nativeRecordCid":"5e7c9aff-6075-4562-a1fb-000aec1bc6da","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c484","text":"More accurate and honest assessments of scholarly communication produce more accurate and honest reform efforts.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"assessments of scholarly communication","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The more accurate and honest our assessments, the more accurate and honest our reform efforts can be, the easier \nthese efforts will be to promote, and the more successful they will be.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c485","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/99d01f929bfd4499","nativeRecordCid":"d4906f13-89ec-461d-bf87-4a9afb1bf187","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c485","text":"More accurate and honest assessments of scholarly communication make reform efforts easier to promote.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"assessments of scholarly communication","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The more accurate and honest our assessments, the more accurate and honest our reform efforts can be, the easier \nthese efforts will be to promote, and the more successful they will be.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c486","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/cd5d345a6cc6407f","nativeRecordCid":"685986cb-484a-4609-ade6-18ed5fa6ae7f","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c486","text":"More accurate and honest assessments of scholarly communication make reform efforts more successful.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"assessments of scholarly communication","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The more accurate and honest our assessments, the more accurate and honest our reform efforts can be, the easier \nthese efforts will be to promote, and the more successful they will be.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c487","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/11fb08add88b45b6","nativeRecordCid":"ea38bbcc-de19-4bd9-a346-1936210ee859","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c487","text":"Open science policies intended to benefit all researchers everywhere must be researcher-focused, developed with heavy input from the research community and driven by researcher needs and concerns.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"","subject":"open science policies","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"1. Researcher-focused. Research communication tools, services and options need to be devel-\noped with heavy input from the research community, with solutions and approaches driven by \nresearcher needs and concerns.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c488","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/b9fe0166a6354af3","nativeRecordCid":"c5eef346-629c-41ba-a8bb-b863247024bd","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c488","text":"Research communication tools, services and options need to be developed with heavy input from the research community, driven by researcher needs and concerns.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"","subject":"research communication tools, services and options","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Research communication tools, services and options need to be devel-\noped with heavy input from the research community, with solutions and approaches driven by \nresearcher needs and concerns.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c489","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/1eb38d710f024128","nativeRecordCid":"ac23dc78-d7a8-4a08-9fff-c00130400d48","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c489","text":"Open science solutions must be collaborative, requiring broad collaboration to ensure all perspectives are considered and there is broad ownership of ideas.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"","subject":"open science solutions","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"2. Collaborative. Successful and sustainable solutions will require broad collaboration, not just to \nensure that all perspectives are considered, but also to ensure there is broad ownership of ideas.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c490","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/0b1372dfdd7a4d9c","nativeRecordCid":"59661854-cb11-4c53-8ae3-d1e3f42eb3df","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c490","text":"Science is, by design, already one of the most open undertakings in the history of humankind.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"science","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"science is, by design, already one of the \nmost “open” undertakings in the history of humankind.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c491","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/faafbea29f5c451d","nativeRecordCid":"4718cded-6d88-4d57-a252-79dbc2e9249b","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c491","text":"There are a great many interconnected issues in scholarly communication.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"scholarly communication issues","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"3. Connected. There are a great many intercon-\nnected issues in scholarly communication.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c492","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/2f026621a0934d7c","nativeRecordCid":"ae266390-82f2-4769-a01a-571d1e7fdf42","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c492","text":"The openness of information cannot be improved without also addressing issues such as impact factors, peer review, and predatory publishing.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"openness of information","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"We \ncan’t just improve the openness of information \nwithout also addressing issues such as impact \nfactors, peer review, and predatory publishing.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c493","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/22e52abec4634da4","nativeRecordCid":"f74179ff-13f9-4b91-9168-959793a40f56","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c493","text":"Scholarly communication reform must take a systemic approach.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"","subject":"scholarly communication reform","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Reforming scholarly communication will require a \nsystemic approach.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c494","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/9d2a12007a6c4a4f","nativeRecordCid":"86ecd481-d0cf-44e8-92a6-087635b573b4","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c494","text":"Diversity, creativity and flexibility in scholarly communication reform should be encouraged.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"","subject":"scholarly communication reform","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Diversity, creativity \nand flexibility in this undertaking should be en-\ncouraged, at the same time noting that we should \ntry to maximize adherence to the other principles \nrepresented here.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c495","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/5ce885c6775a4c6a","nativeRecordCid":"9ee469bc-83d8-4b09-b910-bddd86555348","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c495","text":"Adherence to the other guiding principles for open science implementation should be maximized.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"","subject":"guiding principles for open science implementation","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Diversity, creativity \nand flexibility in this undertaking should be en-\ncouraged, at the same time noting that we should \ntry to maximize adherence to the other principles \nrepresented here.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c496","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/958e37bd22be4fdc","nativeRecordCid":"a793d4bb-ee5e-4b78-9f9a-0833d0490323","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c496","text":"A better understanding of key issues in scholarly communication is needed before moving forward with reform.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"","subject":"understanding of scholarly communication issues","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"5. Informed. We need a better understanding of \nkey issues in scholarly communication before \nmoving forward.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c497","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/7e2c7053c00f47fe","nativeRecordCid":"f85d9ffc-e705-4dae-8ada-70552780ca47","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c497","text":"More accurate and honest assessments of scholarly communication issues lead to more accurate and honest reform efforts.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"accuracy of assessments and reform efforts","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The more accurate and \nhonest our assessments, the more accurate and honest our reform efforts can be, the easier \nthese efforts will be to promote, and the more successful they will be.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c498","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/fcacf9b7249f459c","nativeRecordCid":"48d8ea38-1935-4c41-bafd-2247c5d119b7","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c498","text":"Enforceable, community-developed standards are needed to ensure the integrity of journal publishing, repositories, and other related activities and products, and to ensure that unethical approaches are not embraced.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"","subject":"standards for journal publishing and related activities","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"6. Ethical and accountable. We need enforceable, community-developed/driven standards to \nensure the integrity of journal publishing, repositories, and other related activities/products, and \nto ensure that unethical approaches are not embraced.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c499","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/5c460cc03b584a48","nativeRecordCid":"5dcad4ba-e350-4b27-b91c-e0702c62b587","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c499","text":"The future of scholarly communication must be discussed and planned for, beyond just having access.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"","subject":"future of scholarly communication","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"7. Common goal oriented. We must discuss and plan for what the future of scholarly commu-\nnication means, beyond just having access.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c500","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/b42f1c2fe3d8416f","nativeRecordCid":"439303f7-d21b-4e81-9787-210bc4e8d332","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c500","text":"The scholarly communication community must discuss and plan for what the future of scholarly communication means, beyond just having access.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"scholarly communication community","subject":"future of scholarly communication","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"We must discuss and plan for what the future of scholarly commu-\nnication means, beyond just having access.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c501","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/cf8f0e3cb2b64699","nativeRecordCid":"84cf9f66-e9ac-4449-9c84-cb385a594f58","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c501","text":"Openness is required for science to succeed and progress.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"","subject":"science","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Science requires openness \nto succeed and progress.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c502","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/a19fcb26abc74caa","nativeRecordCid":"f5b596a7-477c-4eeb-8109-ae2255be2d63","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c502","text":"Researchers everywhere need to be able to access the global body of research information with minimal barriers.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"researchers","subject":"researcher access to research information","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Researchers everywhere need to \nbe able to access and contribute content to the \nglobal body of research information with minimal barriers.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c503","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/ee0cf1b603914caf","nativeRecordCid":"bf78dbec-9259-4dd5-b8ba-ea63eac5bb24","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c503","text":"Researchers everywhere need to be able to contribute content to the global body of research information with minimal barriers.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"researchers","subject":"researcher contribution to research information","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Researchers everywhere need to \nbe able to access and contribute content to the \nglobal body of research information with minimal barriers.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c504","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/338cdf3fc3a54dca","nativeRecordCid":"1363c356-b3ac-4be3-ac5e-ae1f73305889","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c504","text":"Research information, particularly information central to life and health, should not be unreasonably constrained by issues such as high access costs, poor journal indexing, and a lack of capacity-building programs.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"","subject":"research information central to life and health","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"To the extent practicable, research \ninformation—particularly information central to life and health—should not be unreasonably \nconstrained by issues such as high access costs, poor journal indexing, and a lack of capaci-\nty-building programs.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c505","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/c119b94d17564a2b","nativeRecordCid":"a23ae65d-ac9b-4379-9214-ca34f0bbafe1","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c505","text":"Scholarly communication reform approaches need to be sustainable.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"","subject":"scholarly communication reform approaches","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Scholarly communication reform approaches need to be sustainable","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c506","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/71f31581504042db","nativeRecordCid":"6c7d40ed-8889-4d1a-8762-7e3ad54dd4f1","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c506","text":"Scholarly communication reform solutions need to be achievable, affordable, popular, and effective.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"","subject":"scholarly communication reform solutions","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"That is, the reform solutions we design need to be \nachievable, affordable, popular, effective, and so on.","representedInStars":false}
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{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c510","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/8ac583da30cf4fbe","nativeRecordCid":"81ab3e22-cd8f-4c68-97f0-a0ceb41724a7","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c510","text":"Scholarly communication reform solutions need to be effective.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"","subject":"scholarly communication reform solutions","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"the reform solutions we design need to be \nachievable, affordable, popular, effective, and so on.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c511","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/710a5174cfbf4c5d","nativeRecordCid":"2e000bfa-77a5-43a8-96b3-80a3531642e8","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c511","text":"This community needs to maintain as much transparency as possible regarding pricing, usage, and ownership in order to address the trust issues that have plagued the space.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"the scholarly communication community","subject":"transparency of scholarly communication reform","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"This community needs to maintain as much transparency as possible in this \neffort (with regard to pricing, usage, ownership, and so on) in order to address the trust issues \nthat have plagued this space for so long.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c512","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/b5803035c2cc46ae","nativeRecordCid":"ffccd320-d776-4b6c-bcde-ac00b2cd4ca1","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c512","text":"This community needs to agree on a few simple, high-level, common-ground goals for scholarly communication reform that are understandable, achievable, and adaptable.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"the scholarly communication community","subject":"common-ground reform goals","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"This community needs to agree on a few simple, high-level, \ncommon-ground goals for scholarly communication reform—not anything specific with regard \nto publishing requirements, for example, but a general set of goals that are understandable, \nachievable, and adaptable.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c513","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/6b54cb7e0b3e4da1","nativeRecordCid":"57215faf-868f-486f-bb4b-880782668f95","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c513","text":"The scholarly communication community needs to agree on a few simple, high-level, common-ground goals for reform that are understandable, achievable, and adaptable, rather than specific publishing requirements.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"scholarly communication community","subject":"goals for scholarly communication reform","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"This community needs to agree on a few simple, high-level, \ncommon-ground goals for scholarly communication reform—not anything specific with regard \nto publishing requirements, for example, but a general set of goals that are understandable, \nachievable, and adaptable.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c514","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/6e300772dcc7435d","nativeRecordCid":"33b90583-c5cb-4eb9-be0c-b641b28e064f","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c514","text":"Setting out general goals that can be easily achieved makes participation simple and easy, with low barriers to entry.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"participation in scholarly communication reform","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"By setting out general goals that can be easily achieved, participa-\ntion can be made simple and easy, with low barriers to entry.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c515","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/250a3b51129a437e","nativeRecordCid":"bd47f495-654f-4080-ae56-9dda5a93a4db","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c515","text":"Scholarly communication reforms need to benefit research first and foremost.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"","subject":"scholarly communication reforms","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"In the end, these reforms need to benefit research first and foremost.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c516","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/02c5509679584c07","nativeRecordCid":"d7c2a7ea-9ed7-486c-851f-8363b25a14c0","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c516","text":"Societal benefits of scholarly communication reforms need to be matured carefully, deliberately, and realistically.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"","subject":"societal benefits of reforms","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"these benefits need to be matured carefully, \ndeliberately, and realistically in order to ensure that societal benefits are indeed being conveyed \nas intended, and that research is not being harmed in the process.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c517","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/729f6241a38a4137","nativeRecordCid":"0afeefdf-5ab5-4bdc-897b-dce9af1541c7","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c517","text":"Societal benefits from scholarly communication reforms need to be matured carefully, deliberately, and realistically to ensure they are conveyed as intended without harming research.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"","subject":"societal benefits from reforms","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"these benefits need to be matured carefully, \ndeliberately, and realistically in order to ensure that societal benefits are indeed being conveyed \nas intended, and that research is not being harmed in the process.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c518","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/3f5c62596d16432d","nativeRecordCid":"c1cff0e7-6270-4123-8ccf-506e0a98c74e","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c518","text":"OCSDNet's guiding principles offer a broad, inclusive, justice-oriented framework.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"OCSDNet's guiding principles","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"the guiding principles developed by the Open and Collaborative Science in \nDevelopment Network  (OCSDNet) offer a broad, inclusive, justice-oriented framework","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c519","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/c7b4d058d1824439","nativeRecordCid":"df3bb0c2-2a80-48a0-b50d-8908f2330d44","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c519","text":"OCSDNet's guiding principles framework is entirely consistent with OSI's inclusive approach.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"OCSDNet's guiding principles framework","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"that is entire-\nly consistent with OSI’s inclusive approach","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c520","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/b37d8486b41c4ad8","nativeRecordCid":"41d1d458-cfd0-4992-a4f9-60b8f62c2e16","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c520","text":"OCSDNet's guiding principles framework might be adaptable to UNESCO's purposes.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"OCSDNet's guiding principles framework","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"and might be adaptable to UNESCO’s purposes.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c521","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/9d8d625b928447fc","nativeRecordCid":"a2c2e074-ba25-409c-85c9-393ee0ae8f13","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c521","text":"Many actors in the open science space are already working on a wide variety of open science implementation plans, with or without detailed guiding principles that take into consideration the larger open science arena.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"open science actors' implementation plans","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"there are many actors in the open science space, as discussed, who \nare already working on a wide variety of open science implementation plans, with or without detailed \nguiding principles that take into consideration the larger open science arena.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c522","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/98a700ba182c44bf","nativeRecordCid":"8cc43287-5a5a-478b-8a2a-5187fba56a34","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c522","text":"Members of the open science community must understand how their individual and collective actions will integrate with the existing universe of open science actions.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"members of the open science community","subject":"integration of open science actions","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"members of that community must \nalso understand how these individual and collective actions will integrate with this existing universe of \nactions.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c523","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/c7117adebe0146b6","nativeRecordCid":"6f095182-16c0-4188-810f-7124ae34ac6b","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c523","text":"Inclusive guiding principles aim to reach a broad, global, sustainable agreement.","kind":"definitional","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"inclusive guiding principles","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"in-\nclusive if the goal is to reach a broad, global, sustainable agreement","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c524","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/cbad3650745e4f24","nativeRecordCid":"3b77a3ba-45ba-477e-aeec-6cf3b1b73834","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c524","text":"Exclusive guiding principles reflect a belief that narrow, focused efforts are more practical, desirable, and/or achievable.","kind":"definitional","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"exclusive guiding principles","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"exclusive if there is a belief that \nnarrow, focused efforts are more practical, desirable and/or achievable.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c525","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/588d3d75ad764ff6","nativeRecordCid":"0345edb7-acca-4e9d-930a-5bdd9bc1c63b","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c525","text":"There are a large number of exclusive arrangements in the international scholarly communication community today.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"exclusive arrangements in scholarly communication","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"In the international scholarly \ncommunication community today, there are a large number of exclusive arrangements","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c526","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/a75ef403033b4812","nativeRecordCid":"45d4865b-dace-4c4f-85a8-a9ef275155e8","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c526","text":"There is a vast multitude of unilateral reform efforts in the scholarly communication community.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"unilateral reform efforts","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"These efforts are in addition \nto a vast multitude of unilateral reform efforts","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c527","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/a252dcac149549ec","nativeRecordCid":"18288cee-beec-4bb6-a10a-600ea5d6a767","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c527","text":"The scholarly communication community's effort to reform open research has for decades worked backward from exclusive, unilateral, and/or specific solutions, trying to defend, rationalize, and knit them together.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"scholarly communication reform community","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"this community’s effort to re-\nform open research has for decades now been working backward from these exclusive, unilateral \nand/or specific solutions, trying to defend them, rationalize them, and/or knit them together.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c528","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/1f1576f359504553","nativeRecordCid":"8a1e2264-78b6-4f27-8a88-472092868c64","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c528","text":"Exclusive, unilateral, and specific scholarly communication solutions are often rigid and inflexible.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"exclusive/unilateral solutions","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"these solutions are often rigid and inflexible","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c529","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/c8a36e2c9bc54160","nativeRecordCid":"1a14ff94-825a-416b-85d1-156b9dc8f080","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c529","text":"Integrating rigid, inflexible solutions into a tapestry of policies and solutions that work for broader audiences becomes effectively impossible.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"integration of rigid solutions","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"integrating \nthem—most often as an afterthought—into a tapestry of policies and solutions that work for broader \naudiences becomes effectively impossible.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c530","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/597105ef5e264f19","nativeRecordCid":"39c7cad8-e983-40af-a6c3-50971b4ea1c5","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c530","text":"The scholarly communication community's failure to work together systematically on global issues has led to a unique twist on the tragedy of the commons.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"scholarly communication community's failure to cooperate","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Our failure to work like this, systematically and as a community, on the global issues and challenges of \nscholarly communication has led to a unique twist on the tragedy of the commons","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c531","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/8d59241105dc486f","nativeRecordCid":"efbe031e-1224-4e86-9171-3303d00a4288","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c531","text":"A broad global approach to scholarly communication may not be practical or prudent if large stakeholders believe they have a legal and fiduciary obligation to prioritize their own constituencies over broader interests.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"broad global approach to scholarly communication","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"taking a broad global approach to scholarly \ncommunication may not even be practical or prudent if large stakeholders—think the EU or the University \nof California system—are of the mindset that they have a legal and fiduciary obligation to do what’s best \nfor their constituencies and not worry about the rest.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c532","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/49a6670813804da7","nativeRecordCid":"cb45b8db-2c07-48d2-baff-1e7ffd37c59d","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c532","text":"\"The rest\" can end up meaning the majority of the scholarly communication world that lacks the power to craft sweeping publishing agreements.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"majority of scholarly communication world","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"But in this case, “the rest” can end up meaning \nthe majority of the scholarly communication world that doesn’t have the power to craft such sweeping \npublishing agreements.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c533","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/4e8d742a9f794b06","nativeRecordCid":"35ae7683-5f3d-41e6-a4fc-b086c429f4b9","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c533","text":"When large players make changes in their own best interests, the impacts of those changes rarely are confined to the organizations that made them, but instead cause ripple effects throughout the scholarly communication environment.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"impacts of large stakeholders' changes","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"And when those large players do make changes that they feel are in their best \ninterests, the impacts of those changes rarely are confined to the organizations who made them. The \nchanges instead cause ripple effects throughout the scholarly communication environment.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c534","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/94e96d6f70cb44a4","nativeRecordCid":"441ba569-56c6-4492-8c02-990d284fa7f5","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c534","text":"Exclusivity and the resulting lack of inclusivity of ideas about the future of open has perhaps been the defining deficiency of most collaborative actions in the scholarly communication community to date.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"exclusivity in scholarly communication collaboration","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"This exclusivity and the resulting lack of inclusivity of ideas about the future of open has been perhaps \nthe defining deficiency of most of the collaborative actions that have happened in our community to-\ndate.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c535","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/0cd3bb6450974d2f","nativeRecordCid":"6a20c9ae-3a56-416d-b462-01c5eceffa82","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c535","text":"Most discussions about open reforms have involved only libraries, publishers, a few funders, and a few active scholars.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"participants in open reform discussions","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Most of the discussions about open reforms have just involved libraries, publishers, a few funders, \nand a few active scholars","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c536","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/c21fcc519a96413e","nativeRecordCid":"ce184477-3aaf-4e11-8b02-a055527268fa","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c536","text":"Discussions about open reforms have revolved around what open means and what policies are needed to get there.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"content of open reform discussions","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"and have revolved around what open means and what policies we’ll need to \nget there from here.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c537","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/471bfb3c1cb34a51","nativeRecordCid":"2cdbaf5c-30b3-424b-821d-ac38cd896cd8","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c537","text":"There are many other facets to the open reform conversation beyond current discussions.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"open reform conversation","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"there are many other facets to this conversation","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c538","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/ac4e5ddbb1374e7e","nativeRecordCid":"410d9258-9626-4a89-bb65-1661a094a042","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c538","text":"Many other stakeholders affect and are affected by changes in the scholarly communication ecosystem.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"stakeholders in the scholarly communication ecosystem","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"many other stakeholders \naffect and are affected by changes in the ecosystem","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c539","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/131a644f1ba44cc9","nativeRecordCid":"2ba11986-e12e-4cac-833f-c4467e7b49d0","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c539","text":"The scholarly communication ecosystem differs in significant ways across the globe and between researchers, institutions, and fields of study.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"scholarly communication ecosystem","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"the scholarly communication ecosystem differs in \nsignificant ways across the globe and between researchers, institutions and fields of study","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c540","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/595df393151143df","nativeRecordCid":"7bd20c12-03dd-49d9-a7cc-90aed967a483","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c540","text":"There are many questions that exclusive action cannot address.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"limits of exclusive action","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"there \nare many questions that exclusive action can’t address.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c541","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/4bc6d30af61749c1","nativeRecordCid":"13e3ef19-5253-45ed-835e-df6702e6e9cc","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c541","text":"The scholarly communication community's limited and exclusive groups have collaborated over the years with vigor and success.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"limited/exclusive scholarly communication groups","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"To be clear, the scholarly commu-\nnication community’s limited and \nexclusive groups have collaborat-\ned over the years with vigor and \nsuccess.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c542","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/ffeb48220e0742c2","nativeRecordCid":"75075d89-2c86-42b3-9990-49f6a7233828","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c542","text":"Cooperation and collaboration between limited, exclusive scholarly communication groups has helped push forward progress on open.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"cooperation between limited groups","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"This kind of \ncooperation and collaboration has \nhelped push forward progress on \nopen","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c543","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/ec88d28463564acf","nativeRecordCid":"3fdd002f-858d-4802-9178-1110476da5ce","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c543","text":"Cooperation and collaboration between limited, exclusive scholarly communication groups has raised the profile of the need for open.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"cooperation between limited groups","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"and raise the profile of the need \nfor open.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c544","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/c0b25f90a1d14639","nativeRecordCid":"b6deed7e-38d5-47b8-a0cd-7eab67147236","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c544","text":"There is power in the fact that different parts of the scholarly communication community understand and adopt their own understanding of openness in different ways depending on their norms and processes.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"diverse understandings of openness","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"there is \npower in the fact that different parts of the scholarly communication community understand and adopt \ntheir own understanding of openness in different ways depending on their norms and processes.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c545","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/e9f157b46d174260","nativeRecordCid":"233c147e-8ddc-4930-a1e1-6c2db66539d4","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c545","text":"Limited engagements among scholarly communication groups should not change.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"","subject":"limited engagements","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"neither of these dynamics—limited engagements or a variety of adoption paths—should change.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c546","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/a33bae2ff10d431e","nativeRecordCid":"f37bc88b-ad9c-479d-acb9-dc5362c8976e","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c546","text":"The variety of adoption paths for openness among scholarly communication groups should not change.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"","subject":"variety of adoption paths","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"neither of these dynamics—limited engagements or a variety of adoption paths—should change.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c547","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/bda5495fbdd34885","nativeRecordCid":"ed6e5bcd-1c55-44a4-8238-3a19d81644df","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c547","text":"Limited engagement and/or varied adoption paths alone are unlikely to ever result in broad and comprehensive solutions to scholarly communication's systemic issues.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"limited engagement and varied adoption paths","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"it’s unlikely only limited engagement and/or varied adoption paths will ever by \nthemselves result in broad and comprehensive solutions to scholarly communication’s systemic issues.","representedInStars":false}
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{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c552","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/bbbfcfd6f5f945dd","nativeRecordCid":"1a07e15e-2125-4ccf-b1ac-ee66e01633e7","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c552","text":"The scholarly communication community must put its differences aside and look thoughtfully and carefully at how it is approaching common challenges.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"the scholarly communication community","subject":"approach to common challenges","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"it is so critically important that we put our differ-\nences aside in this community and summon the will to look thoughtfully and carefully at how we are \napproaching the common challenges we face.","representedInStars":false}
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{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c556","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/a2100e8231d44ab6","nativeRecordCid":"605088b7-5191-4051-bec7-b772b326f0f2","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c556","text":"Successful solutions to scholarly communication's systemic issues require broad collaboration.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"","subject":"successful scholarly communication solutions","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Successful solutions will require broad collaboration","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c557","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/3da8f6716f8a4c10","nativeRecordCid":"d7847fc7-0169-4339-8604-c198e05a81e5","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c557","text":"Connected issues in scholarly communication need to be addressed.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"","subject":"connected scholarly communication issues","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Connected issues need to be addressed","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c558","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/ee105a431cc54158","nativeRecordCid":"0f2a4393-72cd-4ade-9ebe-d390c5e7a674","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c558","text":"Open is not a single outcome, but a spectrum.","kind":"definitional","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"openness","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Open isn’t a single outcome, but a spectrum.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c559","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/11810f4527724adc","nativeRecordCid":"5c3cdbf4-41a4-4cea-bcb7-77d3462b620d","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c559","text":"The terms \"open\" and \"open access\" are used in a wide variety of ways.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"the terms open and open access","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The terms “open” or “open access” (OA) are used in a wide variety of ways.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c560","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/efef21de8ef146c4","nativeRecordCid":"9dfff281-65bd-4428-a3f3-b8a266545349","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c560","text":"When different groups support open, they may be supporting entirely different open outcomes.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"groups' support for open","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"when different groups support open, they may be supporting entirely different open outcomes.","representedInStars":false}
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{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c562","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/633f8bd3cc4e402d","nativeRecordCid":"c3a2d95b-6b98-4c91-b08d-164fff2f13da","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c562","text":"The easy solution isn't necessarily going to be the correct solution.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"easy solutions to open","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The easy solution isn’t neces-\nsarily going to be the correct solution.","representedInStars":true}
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{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c565","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/75eaa1ee7761407b","nativeRecordCid":"9ded31d0-ad4e-4976-b46d-f3b9d4901598","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c565","text":"Changes to publishing need to be made with care and respect for the vital role that publishing plays in research.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"the scholarly communication community","subject":"changes to the publishing system","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"we need \nto make changes with care and respect for the vital role that publishing plays in research.","representedInStars":false}
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{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c568","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/cb5ce04f66874257","nativeRecordCid":"54c79920-8f6a-4ff7-bbd3-44d32aed0eec","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c568","text":"Convergent needs and aspirations are everywhere in the scholarly communication community.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"convergent needs in the scholarly communication community","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Convergent needs and aspirations are everywhere \nin this community.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c569","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/a6e9d44068104bd2","nativeRecordCid":"afc368e1-d174-43e5-842c-3adc44cc2d2c","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c569","text":"There are significant gaps in the scholarly communication community's understanding of many key issues.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"understanding of scholarly communication issues","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"There are significant gaps in our community’s understanding of \nmany key issues in scholarly communication.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c570","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/e0dc98a5c7f44889","nativeRecordCid":"b113bb36-806c-4297-8ba4-702ba2f3adf9","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c570","text":"More study of scholarly communication issues is needed.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"","subject":"study of scholarly communication issues","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"More study is needed.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c571","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/822fd6c32ac242ef","nativeRecordCid":"95968e13-5755-4491-a508-5e41bc1a922a","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c571","text":"There is a lot of mistrust in the scholarly communication system, which has been polarized for a long time.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"scholarly communication system","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"There is a lot of mistrust in the scholarly \ncommunication system, which has been so polarized for so long.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c572","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/0c4b140df83f4bdd","nativeRecordCid":"ff8ed067-4d93-43ec-ae18-a1b15fe3e510","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c572","text":"If done correctly and collaboratively, the global research community can foster a culture of open research wherein open systems are diverse, integrated, robust, and sustainable.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"culture of open research","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"the global research community can foster a culture of open re-\nsearch wherein open systems are diverse, integrated, robust and sustainable","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c573","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/7306a4e6cfb540d5","nativeRecordCid":"dfeccb2f-f4e9-4c2d-a580-e5838c54fe57","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c573","text":"Aligning incentives so that engaging in open research benefits researchers' work and careers leads researchers to flock to open.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"incentives for open research","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"where incentives are \naligned so researchers will flock to open because doing so benefits their work and their careers.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c574","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/85d8fd825e05486d","nativeRecordCid":"cfd97e85-3260-4aa2-8dec-e50065faec30","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c574","text":"New, more exciting, more rewarding ways to develop open science must be found urgently.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"","subject":"ways to develop open science","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"the need is real and urgent to find new, more excit-\ning, more rewarding ways to develop open science","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c575","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/1883f53f7f0948f5","nativeRecordCid":"840eca74-1fb9-423a-b383-e7a4de9cc297","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c575","text":"Tools that begin to deliver on the promise of open must be built now.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"","subject":"tools delivering on the promise of open","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"to build tools now that begin to deliver on some of \nthe promise of open","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c576","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/79ea2eb687194a32","nativeRecordCid":"98338f33-be01-4e19-ac31-d65ed66abafb","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c576","text":"Focus on what open can do must begin now, so the open movement grows by example and incentive instead of by fiat.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"","subject":"focus on what open can do","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"to start focusing now on what open can do so we can help the open move-\nment grow by example and incentive instead of by fiat.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c577","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/7ec9556ac3414461","nativeRecordCid":"f8ea94f4-848d-45df-ae8d-6237bb180f4c","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c577","text":"There are no policy agencies and instruments in the open movement today that incorporate a truly diverse set of views and perspectives.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"open movement policy agencies and instruments","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"there are no policy agencies \nand instruments in the open movement today that incorporate a truly diverse set of views and perspec-\ntives.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c578","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/44529b18d90e41eb","nativeRecordCid":"be36cd98-9f2c-4d87-8eab-81bd7fe1cf1b","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c578","text":"Picking low-hanging fruit and working together on common ground solutions builds a record of success.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"common ground approach to open science","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Doing so will build a record of success, build con-\nfidence, and attract more institutions to this approach.","representedInStars":false}
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{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c580","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/60f78335a1f04de6","nativeRecordCid":"47852a4c-1811-4fe6-812e-2c887be53fe1","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c580","text":"Picking low-hanging fruit and working together on common ground solutions attracts more institutions to this approach.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"common ground approach to open science","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Doing so will build a record of success, build con-\nfidence, and attract more institutions to this approach.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c581","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/503cf23f368c4ece","nativeRecordCid":"ad3d19e6-130b-4cda-a2ad-d175e8b50ffe","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c581","text":"The go-it-alone approach may force changes across diverse disciplines that may not work well, causing researchers in some fields to lose interest in an open future.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"go-it-alone approach to open science","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"This approach may also force changes across diverse disciplines that may not work well (for example, \nopen solutions that work in physics generally don’t work at all in history), causing researchers in some \nfields to lose interest in an open future.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c582","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/23f360952ba04d82","nativeRecordCid":"3e3ad380-4e50-4761-8ee2-7eee85c0580e","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c582","text":"In the envisioned future of open science, open is clearly defined and supported.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"envisioned future of open science","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Open is clearly defined and supported","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c583","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/179a8ea61c964e7b","nativeRecordCid":"1952ab59-c7c2-4dbf-ac70-9d3f7a41148a","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c583","text":"In the envisioned future of open science, open is the standard output format.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"envisioned future of open science","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Open is the standard output format","representedInStars":false}
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{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c585","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/ddcb6ed5e9854340","nativeRecordCid":"5fa1dc22-0a7f-4b99-83bf-6fcb28429d6d","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c585","text":"In the envisioned future of open science, almost all knowledge is discoverable.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"envisioned future of open science","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Almost all knowledge is discoverable","representedInStars":false}
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{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c608","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/a2d0fc62870e4362","nativeRecordCid":"de713e65-0e4e-43d0-8938-b84b238450d3","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c608","text":"There are larger, distinctly modern currents at work that have the potential to utterly reshape answers to the many questions posed by open research.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"modern currents affecting open research","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"There are larger, distinctly modern currents at work here that have the potential to utterly reshape \nour answers to the many questions posed by open research.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c609","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/cd822f7e855e47d4","nativeRecordCid":"ebea9bb1-e071-449c-b6c4-7f5ef108ce72","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c609","text":"Powerful reasons exist for working together as a global community on the many challenges of open research.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"global cooperation on open research","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Powerful reasons exist for working together as a global community on the \nmany challenges of open research— from a wealth of common ground interests to a need for common \nground solutions to systemic problems; from making open research more attractive and coordinated, to \naligning incentives, removing obstacles, better understanding national needs and interests and chart-\ning a course for a much more exciting and robust open future.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c610","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/136e68129ecf4bbd","nativeRecordCid":"1f802c22-84a2-4a42-b7c9-ecea9b2b9b45","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c610","text":"Open science incentives should be considered in three categories, in the priority order of science-related, resources-related, and then participation-related incentives.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"UNESCO","subject":"priority order of open science incentive categories","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"There are three categories of open science incentives UNESCO should consider, in this order of priority:","representedInStars":false}
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{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c614","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/87e38c109c88465a","nativeRecordCid":"7fc895f7-f397-44e4-8fc3-b6ed37513769","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c614","text":"Openness is not the only route to improving the quality of science.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"openness and quality of science","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Openness can improve the quality of science by enhancing rigor and reproducibility, but \nopenness is not the only route to improving quality.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c615","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/a1600275c7b845ac","nativeRecordCid":"ca98970a-bcc0-43ca-bfde-b6d6650546dc","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c615","text":"The highest priority should be to incentivize improving the quality of science, using open science methods where applicable, and to allow researchers to adopt open science because it works better rather than because they are forced to do so.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"","subject":"priority for science-related open science incentives","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Our highest priority should be to incentivize \nimproving the quality of science, using open science methods where applicable, and allowing \nresearchers to flock to open science because it works better, not because they’re being forced \nto do so","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c616","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/4d698f505f874243","nativeRecordCid":"e4c95d22-627f-4b6f-9d07-806ded1fe598","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c616","text":"One-size-fits-all approaches to incentivizing open science do not work.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"one-size-fits-all approaches to open science incentives","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"(here again, one-size-fit-all approaches simply don’t work).","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c617","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/22a33dab65134663","nativeRecordCid":"4424d67f-0578-46cc-8734-7dafa77240a3","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c617","text":"Effective open science tools such as high-quality open journals and open datasets can improve the visibility of science by making research more accessible and improving engagement with outputs.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"effective open science tools","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Effective open science tools such as high-quality open journals and open \ndatasets can improve the visibility of science by making research more accessible, and by im-\nproving engagement with outputs.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c618","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/68aef672fed94970","nativeRecordCid":"8fe7ec2c-2f40-4372-8798-57d6b82e18ba","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c618","text":"Not all researchers everywhere have equal awareness of or access to open science resources.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"researcher access to open science resources","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Not all researchers everywhere have equal awareness of or \naccess to these kinds of resources (from APC funding for open access publishing to universities \nwith open data repositories).","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c619","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/5a760d7fa7664c43","nativeRecordCid":"931b6d98-a777-41e5-a881-c4e91a2ce1c5","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c619","text":"Improving the quality and availability of open science resources will incentivize and enable more involvement in open science.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"quality and availability of open science resources","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Improving the quality and availability of these resources will be a \nmagnet that incentivizes and enables more involvement in open science.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c620","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/1b61906fe29e4db7","nativeRecordCid":"9b1b65d1-b262-44ff-ab3b-755521944b7e","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c620","text":"Incentivizing more researchers to participate in open science through metrics, outreach, and mandates should come only after focusing on science-related and resources-related priorities.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"","subject":"participation-related open science incentives","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Only after we’ve focused on these first two priorities should we worry \nabout incentivizing more researchers to participate in open science via metrics","representedInStars":false}
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{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c624","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/e8e90875aac3436b","nativeRecordCid":"b271338b-e11d-4906-a0d3-02091e84729c","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c624","text":"Policy can drive practice.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"policy and practice","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"In a nutshell, policy can drive \npractice, and better practices can enable policy,","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c625","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/db697b3c8a8e4507","nativeRecordCid":"e698c927-8b4b-4954-b79b-f7d61296ffb4","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c625","text":"Better practices can enable policy.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"practice and policy","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"In a nutshell, policy can drive \npractice, and better practices can enable policy,","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c626","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/74077ae627d14cd4","nativeRecordCid":"b6374b49-0b2b-4641-bb5e-8ff1eadfabc1","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c626","text":"Encouraging more researcher participation in open science, including using metrics to measure progress and attaching requirements to participation levels, should come last.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"","subject":"encouraging researcher participation in open science","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"but in either case, encouraging more participation (and using metrics to measure how we’re \ndoing, and even attaching requirements to participation levels) should come last (or arguably, \nnever).","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c627","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/e59c173910e840ac","nativeRecordCid":"e870591e-b84a-44d4-8aa0-a2be23e3fbd2","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c627","text":"Incentive regimes for open science vary by country, funder, institution, career stage, field, and specific area of study.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"open science incentive regimes","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"it’s also import-\nant to note that each of these incentives regimes varies by country, funder, institution, career stage, field, \nand even specific area of study.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c628","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/f5b45829d68c4e27","nativeRecordCid":"a41cb968-9e61-400b-a36d-01b53f7dc03c","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c628","text":"Incentives for open science extend beyond open access publishing to how science itself is incentivized across all fields, institutions, and regions, and among researchers at all career stages, in response to a range of pressures.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"scope of open science incentives","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"These incentives aren’t only about open access publishing, \nbut about how science itself is incentivized across all fields, institutions, and regions, from researchers \nat all manner of career stages, in response to pressures ranging from funder mandates to university \npressures to races for discovery.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c629","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/52be0a13315e4f1c","nativeRecordCid":"6eb1bf3c-5321-4ba7-ab48-a00a71b2cc07","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c629","text":"Easier and clearer standards for open science are needed.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"","subject":"standards for open science","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"OSI has discussed the incentives of open science, but mostly with re-\nspect to such observations as the need for better outreach and education, easier and clearer standards, \nspecific and workable open solutions, and so on.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c630","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/823413a51eef48b2","nativeRecordCid":"28396800-6b78-42ff-9449-0006e50fcfb2","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c630","text":"Specific and workable open solutions are needed.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"","subject":"open science solutions","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"OSI has discussed the incentives of open science, but mostly with re-\nspect to such observations as the need for better outreach and education, easier and clearer standards, \nspecific and workable open solutions, and so on.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c631","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/2dcf1ef421d64da9","nativeRecordCid":"8b66d77b-26d0-4a59-85d5-fcadbc2c3d32","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c631","text":"Openness is not the only route to improving science.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"openness and improving science","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Finally, it’s also important to note that openness is not the only route to improving science, and it is not \nequally embraced by or available to all researchers everywhere.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c632","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/ba1ada250edf45b5","nativeRecordCid":"df065e94-d114-43e7-a6ad-aa49df57cc7e","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c632","text":"Openness is not equally embraced by or available to all researchers everywhere.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"openness availability among researchers","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Finally, it’s also important to note that openness is not the only route to improving science, and it is not \nequally embraced by or available to all researchers everywhere.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c633","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/38121f701ef747f6","nativeRecordCid":"1159d28f-5d2a-462a-99b6-620015f2acbf","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c633","text":"Openness is an important approach.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"openness","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"But it is an important approach, and \nhas much potential, so it is in this context that we think it’s valuable to offer a few limited observations","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c634","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/7d43bfac532844c2","nativeRecordCid":"2ec351d4-4323-4a33-bf93-b3f066b01938","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c634","text":"Openness has much potential.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"openness","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"But it is an important approach, and \nhas much potential, so it is in this context that we think it’s valuable to offer a few limited observations","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c635","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/74053d3fd07e4864","nativeRecordCid":"4e9d6b6d-3f12-4349-a976-f47ea3804108","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c635","text":"Incentives for open science do not always align with traditional science.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"open science incentives and traditional science","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"These incentives don’t always align with “traditional” science.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c636","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/262aa010a82a4da9","nativeRecordCid":"f1a9e698-d032-4c6e-a6a5-bcc4e63a8385","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c636","text":"Attention must be focused on the areas of misalignment between open science incentives and traditional science.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"","subject":"misalignment between open science and traditional science incentives","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The areas \nof misalignment are where we need to focus our attention.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c637","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/db301d9639b64a24","nativeRecordCid":"257b0a1a-60b3-4ebe-9f53-59b7e4684718","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c637","text":"Policies must be developed that help achieve more open science without expecting researchers to take actions they may not see as being in the best interests of their research or careers.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"","subject":"policies for open science incentives","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Because they aren’t aligned, we need to \ndevelop policies that will help us achieve more open science without also expecting researchers to take \nactions they may not currently see as being in the best interests of their research or careers.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c638","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/8212a5ce1f9045fe","nativeRecordCid":"3ae44412-4c0b-448b-8869-aeb14d473799","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c638","text":"Open science favors a more transparent and collaborative approach than traditional secrecy practices in science.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"open science approach to secrecy","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Open Science \nprizes a more transparent and collaborative ap-\nproach.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c639","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/2d43a18e67694476","nativeRecordCid":"b9d191e0-f616-45a0-9e58-d16a2275b9f3","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c639","text":"Priority for a discovery can be established through the pre-registration of research and the early publication of findings through preprints.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"establishing priority for discovery","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"However, priority can be es-\ntablished through the pre-registra-\ntion of research and the early \npublication of findings through \npreprints.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c640","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/48b703eb80664805","nativeRecordCid":"2e41d814-851c-4e3f-936a-6adcf479d981","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c640","text":"Time-stamping discoveries to establish who was first is a central function of science publishing.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"science publishing","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"This is a central function of sci-\nence publishing— time-stamping \ndiscoveries to establish who was \nfirst.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c641","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/cc413a9109664961","nativeRecordCid":"fe1dc4ea-04d9-41bb-9de1-bdf6de2e1c38","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c641","text":"Open science provides new opportunities for establishing priority over ideas and for getting credit for them.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"open science and credit for discovery","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"As above, open \nscience provides new opportunities \nfor establishing priority over ideas \nand for getting credit for them.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c642","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/20089fec10994b4f","nativeRecordCid":"50d2731e-ee6b-4d36-9261-b584284e87e9","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c642","text":"Open science options such as preprints expand the choices authors have for getting published quickly.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"open science publishing options","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"But otherwise, open science \noptions (like preprints) expand \nthe choices that authors have for \ngetting published quickly.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c643","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/b0780c691f2b4284","nativeRecordCid":"0683f1f2-a9f0-400e-a7de-3ba2cdcaa4fb","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c643","text":"Open science allows for a more transparent look at who should be credited with discovery by revealing more of the process of science rather than focusing only on formal publications.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"open science and crediting discovery","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Open science \ninherently allows for a more transparent \nlook at the evidence for who should be \ncredited with dis-\ncovery by revealing \nmore of the process \nof science and not \njust focusing on the \nformal publications \nthat result.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c644","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/22d4b8b4ac6e4988","nativeRecordCid":"03bd1771-3b18-48d1-8a20-8680cadbc5a1","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c644","text":"Researchers need to give credit where credit is due.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"researchers","subject":"crediting others' work","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Researchers need to give \ncredit where credit is \ndue.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c645","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/9084db38b36e47e7","nativeRecordCid":"564536cc-dae7-4bb9-b859-6cbaeec16b69","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c645","text":"Open science publishing, while more susceptible to fraud and abuse, is also more open to detection and correction.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"open science publishing and fraud detection","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"While some may say that open science publishing is more susceptible to fraud and \nabuse, it is also more open to detection and cor-\nrection.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c646","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/fac1730098994063","nativeRecordCid":"4c1e68cf-b8a0-46bf-95f5-df7662e614e8","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c646","text":"The Hong Kong Manifesto for Research Integrity seeks to assess researchers according to their engagement with open practices that are indicative of research integrity.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"Hong Kong Manifesto for Research Integrity","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Initiatives such as the Hong \nKong Manifesto for Research Integrity seek to assess \nresearchers according to their engagement with Open \npractices that are indicative of research integrity.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c647","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/1cc327b49c6244c6","nativeRecordCid":"9245fcc7-a0c6-4846-a817-736352ab465b","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c647","text":"Open science practices give researchers a far wider range of opportunities for receiving credit for their work, through pre-registration, data citation, method re-use, or GitHub forks of software.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"open science practices and researcher credit","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Open science \npractices give \nresearchers a far \nwider range of \nopportunities for \nreceiving credit \nfor their work, \nthrough pre-reg-\nistration, data \ncitation, method \nre-use or Github \nforks (software).","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c648","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/6fdd9248a7564aa9","nativeRecordCid":"fe2d433b-a3e7-4195-9f95-01c298172cfe","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c648","text":"Open work is read more often than closed work.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"open versus closed work readership","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Open work is read more often, \nand the citation rate for most \nkinds of open science articles \nis higher than for “closed” \narticles.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c649","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/1cb49edaf04b41fc","nativeRecordCid":"057fe339-c867-44a1-a59a-42ed11f5d2d9","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c649","text":"The citation rate for most kinds of open science articles is higher than for closed articles.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"citation rates of open versus closed articles","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Open work is read more often, \nand the citation rate for most \nkinds of open science articles \nis higher than for “closed” \narticles.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c650","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/ca41910695b8451f","nativeRecordCid":"26be7bba-9b38-4cb1-8253-37d0600733c8","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c650","text":"Open science advocates for increased quality through practices like better transparency and replicability.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"open science and research quality","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Open science \nadvocates for \nincreased quality \nthrough prac-\ntices like better \ntransparency and \nreplicability.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c651","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/8b362f3e2ce04982","nativeRecordCid":"ce143c7f-e260-4e2e-afca-8c966bd10ae3","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c651","text":"Transparency and replicability have produced noteworthy insights and progress in science.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"transparency and replicability","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Transparency and replicability \nare noteworthy efforts and \nhave produced noteworthy \ninsights and progress in \nscience.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c652","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/438cd7c633794eeb","nativeRecordCid":"d87b092b-5cbf-4694-a6d4-5f1ba2ade376","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c652","text":"Promotion and tenure guidelines should be modified to include more activities that are representative of open science practices.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"","subject":"promotion and tenure guidelines","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The National Academies Roundtable on Aligning Incentives for Open Science (see NAS 2020) recent-\nly produced a report that outlines two key areas for reconciling these conflicts: modifying promotion \nand tenure guidelines to include more activities that are representative of open science practices; and \npromoting culture change through shared values, with senior researchers leading by example. OSI \nconcurs with this conclusion.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c653","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/6ce00199c9b7458b","nativeRecordCid":"5b6a940b-7e77-435c-a67e-2c33e6c60b14","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c653","text":"Culture change should be promoted through shared values, with senior researchers leading by example.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"senior researchers","subject":"culture change in academia","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The National Academies Roundtable on Aligning Incentives for Open Science (see NAS 2020) recent-\nly produced a report that outlines two key areas for reconciling these conflicts: modifying promotion \nand tenure guidelines to include more activities that are representative of open science practices; and \npromoting culture change through shared values, with senior researchers leading by example. OSI \nconcurs with this conclusion.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c654","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/93736e68efde44be","nativeRecordCid":"83b2f54c-a486-4ea8-9ca7-e5130cb27002","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c654","text":"For every incentive group related to open science, there are both proponents and opponents.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"open science incentive groups","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"For every incentive group, there are both proponents and opponents.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c655","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/c022320b3ac04124","nativeRecordCid":"e96d67c9-e97b-4355-9002-2b00477abcef","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c655","text":"Open science needs to become something that researchers want to be involved in.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"","subject":"researcher motivation for open science","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Open science \nneeds to become something that researchers want to be involved in; it will never reach its full potential \nas a “requirement” that researchers are told to obey.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c656","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/1da56e32015941ad","nativeRecordCid":"f9290682-6d0a-4c7c-8101-aec91a88bca5","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c656","text":"Open science will never reach its full potential as a requirement that researchers are told to obey.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"open science as a requirement","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Open science \nneeds to become something that researchers want to be involved in; it will never reach its full potential \nas a “requirement” that researchers are told to obey.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c657","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/5d653cb6b2d34721","nativeRecordCid":"89b16e7b-a1dc-420c-abb0-39b204ccc288","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c657","text":"The evolution of the open science incentive system requires continuing to develop the capabilities of open science.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"","subject":"evolution of the open science incentive system","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"So, part of the evolution of the open science incentive system will require continuing to develop the \ncapabilities of open science; part will require continuing to develop open science resources; part will \ninvolve more open outreach and education; and part will involve making open easier, even to the point \nwhere not doing open violates social norms or becomes a research disadvantage.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c658","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/9888dd79a28d44bb","nativeRecordCid":"7d39d7be-5f05-484e-9588-0e1bcc765571","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c658","text":"The evolution of the open science incentive system requires continuing to develop open science resources.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"","subject":"evolution of the open science incentive system","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"So, part of the evolution of the open science incentive system will require continuing to develop the \ncapabilities of open science; part will require continuing to develop open science resources; part will \ninvolve more open outreach and education; and part will involve making open easier, even to the point \nwhere not doing open violates social norms or becomes a research disadvantage.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c659","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/455f061d2e2f461f","nativeRecordCid":"7037f83b-9150-41cc-a736-901e05076bc3","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c659","text":"The evolution of the open science incentive system requires more open outreach and education.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"","subject":"evolution of the open science incentive system","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"So, part of the evolution of the open science incentive system will require continuing to develop the \ncapabilities of open science; part will require continuing to develop open science resources; part will \ninvolve more open outreach and education; and part will involve making open easier, even to the point \nwhere not doing open violates social norms or becomes a research disadvantage.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c660","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/6c3463c7d51343c1","nativeRecordCid":"9bc00a9e-17d7-4aed-aa9c-dd5f4218fc86","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c660","text":"The evolution of the open science incentive system requires making open easier, even to the point where not doing open violates social norms or becomes a research disadvantage.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"","subject":"evolution of the open science incentive system","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"So, part of the evolution of the open science incentive system will require continuing to develop the \ncapabilities of open science; part will require continuing to develop open science resources; part will \ninvolve more open outreach and education; and part will involve making open easier, even to the point \nwhere not doing open violates social norms or becomes a research disadvantage.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c661","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/bdb228c8c1e34932","nativeRecordCid":"8d40eda4-0570-459c-9f0b-2493862e1bd7","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c661","text":"The evolution of the open science incentive system requires taking a more thoughtful approach to understanding the many ways open science has been interpreted and adopted by different audiences.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"","subject":"evolution of the open science incentive system","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Part will also involve taking a more thoughtful approach to understanding the many ways that open \nscience has been interpreted and adopted in by different audiences.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c662","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/1ffeeed7a5774c60","nativeRecordCid":"9c8ae289-a509-4651-9b9e-ded70e83fe77","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c662","text":"Assumptions about the potential benefits of open science reform must be carefully examined to determine whether they are genuinely seen as incentives by researchers rather than hyperbole.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"","subject":"assumptions about open science reform benefits","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"it’s also important that we carefully examine our assump-\ntions that some of the potential benefits of open science reform we often casually mention are actually \nseen as incentives by researchers, rather than as hyperbole.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c663","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/8f95825e8d184428","nativeRecordCid":"959429d1-b792-4ef2-bca5-6b6ea879f93a","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c663","text":"The vision for the future of open science should be bold and realistic rather than timid or pessimistic.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"","subject":"vision for the future of open science","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"This isn’t to say we should be timid or \npessimistic about our vision for the future of open science, but rather bold and realistic.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c664","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/0b4d0d3acd034428","nativeRecordCid":"3cc3a9de-ebcc-4554-bf79-05b0c5bf1b84","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c664","text":"Open science should be pursued with full devotion, but with full understanding of the challenges and risks ahead.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"","subject":"pursuit of open science","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"OSI has taken a \nleap of faith that open science should be pursued with full devotion, but also with our eyes wide open \nso we fully understand the challenges and risks ahead.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c665","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/aa9f1e593845486d","nativeRecordCid":"f4d96cdf-ac14-4d97-9bfb-3e2bf686d92e","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c665","text":"Claims that open science will improve science discovery and impact need to be treated more modestly until they are proven.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"","subject":"claims about open science improving discovery and impact","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Many actors in the open science space (including many in OSI) are \nfond of promising that open science will improve science discovery and impact, but we need to \nbe more modest about these claims until they are proven.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c666","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/94f0736782924194","nativeRecordCid":"8b5c2526-0c60-4b23-80f8-2fe5d3e7dd5c","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c666","text":"Overpromising the benefits of open science might cast it in a negative light for resource managers such as university provosts.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"overpromising open science benefits","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"But for a university provost charged with managing scarce resources and ensuring that \nresearch dollars produce the maximum benefits, promising the moon might cast open science in \na negative light.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c667","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/03d72e806d7e4c4f","nativeRecordCid":"eb299b51-2d93-4f6a-b92f-bec0750ee0d0","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c667","text":"Discovery might accelerate as open science reforms such as improved access to datasets, more rapid and widespread sharing, and more affordable access are adopted.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"open science reforms and discovery","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Discovery might indeed accelerate as certain open science reforms are ad-\nopted, such as improved access to data sets (allowing for such possibilities as new analyses, \ndata standards, or integration with other datasets), more rapid and widespread sharing, and \nsolutions that allow for more affordable access by more scientists around the world (allowing \nfor more input, feedback, teamwork, and knowledge dissemination).","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c668","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/09784edf251d49f3","nativeRecordCid":"c42b30ef-4eb8-4cc5-b797-cb34646c9dbe","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c668","text":"Lessons drawn from research conducted during COVID-19 need to be evidence-based and carefully interpreted.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"","subject":"lessons from COVID-19 era research","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"But the lessons we draw from research in the time of COVID need to be evi-\ndence-based and carefully interpreted.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c669","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/92e4da3e3b2e4eb9","nativeRecordCid":"883cbb86-7d52-40ba-9dba-9e7af032ef6e","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c669","text":"Alternative journal-quality initiatives must be supported and publicized.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"","subject":"alternative journal-quality initiatives","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"It will be important to support and publicize such initiatives if we are to encourage researchers to make \npublishing decisions that assess a wider range of considerations, than simply the perceived \nreputation of a particular journal.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c670","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/70b10e59818f4c70","nativeRecordCid":"892a4e8a-f565-455a-80c8-d0c939b6e4c4","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c670","text":"It cannot be concluded that because COVID-19 data sharing produced fast progress toward a vaccine, every tenet of open science is an unmitigated good for every field.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"generalizing from COVID-19 data sharing","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"We can’t conclude that because COVID data sharing is \nresulting in fast progress toward a vaccine, that therefore every tenet of open science for every \nfield is an unmitigated good.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c671","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/2416360f288a4a1d","nativeRecordCid":"46ba271b-13ef-4019-94af-41933817998b","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c671","text":"The pace and urgency of COVID-19 research has also allowed a lot of bad research to be published and publicized.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"COVID-19 research pace and quality","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"even in this limited example, we \nwould be ignoring the fact that the pace and urgency of COVID research is also allowing a lot \nof bad research to get published and publicized.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c672","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/d7a2a12cf3b74cf5","nativeRecordCid":"a88da617-2101-4670-8323-bcc783ec395e","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c672","text":"Some incentives for open science are a higher priority than others.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"priority of open science incentives","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Some of these incentives are a higher priority than others, some overlap with the incentives of “traditional” science, and some do not.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c673","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/90a6bbde46804e25","nativeRecordCid":"aeef154a-4fe8-4ed9-b8f3-d8ba2025a919","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c673","text":"Some incentives for open science overlap with the incentives of traditional science, while others do not.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"overlap of open and traditional science incentives","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Some of these incentives are a higher priority than others, some overlap with the incentives of “traditional” science, and some do not.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c674","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/0de1877a9db84b59","nativeRecordCid":"81b5e64a-23dc-4d7f-8430-0d184bf12481","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c674","text":"The research publishing process might be sped up given enough resources.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"research publishing process speed","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Cautiously interpreted, though, this time in \nhistory is demonstrating how the research publishing process might be sped up (given enough \nresources) and how closer collaboration has the potential to accelerate discovery.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c675","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/a5325501a7274d55","nativeRecordCid":"556aaa57-6333-495b-907b-47109978b5fd","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c675","text":"Closer collaboration has the potential to accelerate discovery.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"collaboration and discovery","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Cautiously interpreted, though, this time in \nhistory is demonstrating how the research publishing process might be sped up (given enough \nresources) and how closer collaboration has the potential to accelerate discovery.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c676","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/db6a320145e24754","nativeRecordCid":"f79a9de1-687c-4848-8590-be642a129d8b","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c676","text":"Impact may be the most important and hardest incentive to align in the open science system.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"impact as an open science incentive","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Of all the incentives in the open science system, “impact” may be the most \nimportant to align, and also the hardest.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c677","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/1c224b6b9f4a49a5","nativeRecordCid":"d759479f-72a9-44be-907c-bc927be1b2c3","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c677","text":"Improving the impact of their work is a top priority for researchers.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"researchers and impact of their work","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Improving the impact of their work is a top priority in \nsurvey after survey of researchers (see Taylor and Francis 2014, for example).","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c678","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/c2cf102173cb44a9","nativeRecordCid":"c487f411-41fc-48b4-b8c5-7c3c534419bc","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c678","text":"Free-to-read journal articles can be downloaded more frequently than paywalled articles.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"free-to-read vs paywalled article downloads","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"free-to-read journal articles can be downloaded more \nfrequently than paywalled articles","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c679","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/06d0bbb468da4bdc","nativeRecordCid":"d4cd7351-b099-4665-98db-141262fce772","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c679","text":"Articles published in some types of open journals have a lower citation rate on average than other types of open and closed journals.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"citation rates of open journal types","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"articles published in some types of open \njournals have a lower citation rate on average than for other types of open and closed journals \n(Science-Metrix 2018, Piwowar 2018).","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c680","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/6ad9924c35124a34","nativeRecordCid":"24b146a4-2893-4e96-a5de-8d215597ef2d","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c680","text":"Open access in all its diversity (hybrid, bronze, green, etc.) has tremendous potential to improve access and readership.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"open access diversity","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Open in all its diversity (hybrid, bronze, green, etc.) has \ntremendous potential to improve access and readership.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c681","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/1eecac8ec4a444ef","nativeRecordCid":"e631e199-9707-4d10-b9c7-fe808a83b85c","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c681","text":"All forms of open access should be supported.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"","subject":"open access forms","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Let’s support them all, and let the mar-\nketplace sort out what’s working for whom","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c682","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/96660a68107b4b02","nativeRecordCid":"c007d40f-1a05-4e46-a6e0-37e78ec08df9","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c682","text":"The marketplace should determine which forms of open access work best for whom.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"","subject":"marketplace role in open access","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Let’s support them all, and let the mar-\nketplace sort out what’s working for whom","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c683","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/682ac65b1fbc4f29","nativeRecordCid":"f7d53bc3-216e-476d-a708-98b7f41783aa","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c683","text":"Researchers want their work to receive credit.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"researchers' desire for credit","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"researchers want their work to receive \ncredit for their work, which currently is assigned through publication in journals of repute in \ntheir fields.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c684","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/7fb3a7f117e44a4a","nativeRecordCid":"86f193c2-fa78-49af-9039-8022583b5d23","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c684","text":"Credit for researchers' work is currently assigned through publication in journals of repute in their fields.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"how credit is assigned to researchers","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"researchers want their work to receive \ncredit for their work, which currently is assigned through publication in journals of repute in \ntheir fields.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c685","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/55f89745e0614f3b","nativeRecordCid":"4f7ef4ca-7d53-4957-b86f-c5034a6f606f","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c685","text":"In many fields a journal's reputation is synonymous with its impact factor.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"journal reputation and impact factor","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"In many fields a journal’s reputation is synonymous with its impact factor, and most \nof the highest “impact” journals are subscription journals.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c686","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/829b38694f044cc0","nativeRecordCid":"fe1b85d7-bf0e-4ccf-9531-3cbb60ecc3f5","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c686","text":"Most of the highest impact journals are subscription journals.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"impact journals' subscription status","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"In many fields a journal’s reputation is synonymous with its impact factor, and most \nof the highest “impact” journals are subscription journals.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c687","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/556318d82d7f401a","nativeRecordCid":"f772cfd3-07d0-4ef9-bb81-3d5d1019e952","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c687","text":"Alternative journal-quality metrics, such as the TOP factor, have been suggested but have yet to gain wide adoption.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"alternative journal metrics adoption","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Although alternatives, such as the \nTOP factor (see cos.io/top), have been suggested they are yet to gain wide adoption.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c688","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/07e8e884f0d54fdf","nativeRecordCid":"ae084a87-6aa7-4384-844d-7425b7bc85ac","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c688","text":"Transitioning to publishing decisions based on a wider range of considerations is more challenging when systems of evaluation continue to prize journal reputation.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"transition to broader publishing criteria","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Of course, making this transition is more challenging when \nsystems of evaluation continue to prize journal reputation.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c689","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/febbc1c66c3c4a2f","nativeRecordCid":"3ab1c6b1-36bd-4047-b979-419503c8b0c0","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c689","text":"There are a wide variety of incentives for open science.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"incentives for open science","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"In summary, there are a wide variety of incentives for open science.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c690","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/2ba57156f18b4370","nativeRecordCid":"7f002e00-ef14-4200-8bc6-b45642ea65ab","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c690","text":"Incentives for open science must be aligned where possible.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"the scholarly communication community","subject":"aligning open science incentives","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"We need to align incentives where we can, but we also need to recognize that just as open means \ndifferent things to different people, so too the promise of open will undoubtedly unfold differently for \ndifferent audiences—different fields of study, different institutions, researchers at different stages of \ntheir careers, and so on.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c691","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/eb2aa0aeb58345fb","nativeRecordCid":"e2b701b6-aa07-4a07-bbc4-0d13a44126fe","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c691","text":"The promise of open will unfold differently for different audiences, such as different fields of study, institutions, and researchers at different career stages.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"unfolding of open science's promise","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"We need to align incentives where we can, but we also need to recognize that just as open means \ndifferent things to different people, so too the promise of open will undoubtedly unfold differently for \ndifferent audiences—different fields of study, different institutions, researchers at different stages of \ntheir careers, and so on.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c692","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/d7f918a714c040be","nativeRecordCid":"c7c3bb62-a2c5-47bd-a892-2503f462fd5f","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c692","text":"The first step should be to understand exactly what is being tried to accomplish with open science incentives, including goals, areas, reasons, and expected outcomes.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"the scholarly communication community","subject":"first step toward aligning incentives","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The first step in our journey should be to understand exactly what we’re trying \nto accomplish—specifically what goals, in what areas, for what reasons, what realistic outcomes we \nexpect and why.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c693","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/c2c196df53874bff","nativeRecordCid":"ac5f394e-ea60-452c-b8cc-bf9f34f0a23f","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c693","text":"Discussion and alignment of incentives should only begin after goals are understood.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"the scholarly communication community","subject":"sequencing of incentive alignment","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Only then should we begin discussing and aligning incentives to meet these goals.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c694","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/d5d2eb39d161454f","nativeRecordCid":"739aa3f8-eaa7-4844-afd1-2b8762e4c7fe","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c694","text":"A blanket incentive system that tries to encourage all researchers from all regions to embrace an all-encompassing vision of open science and adopt one-size-fits-all solutions will continue to fall short of its ambitions.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"blanket open science incentive systems","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Until then, a blanket “incentive” system for open science—where we are trying to encourage all \nresearchers from all regions to embrace an all-encompassing vision of open science and adopt one-\nsize-fits-all solutions—will continue to fall short of its ambitions, will risk discouraging open science \nadvocates, and may even delay opportunities to cultivate real and effective reforms from the bottom \nup.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c695","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/7b3aeb6ec8e2482c","nativeRecordCid":"e436b6e6-8da6-453b-88c6-d845df604a51","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c695","text":"A blanket, one-size-fits-all open science incentive system will risk discouraging open science advocates.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"blanket open science incentive systems","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Until then, a blanket “incentive” system for open science—where we are trying to encourage all \nresearchers from all regions to embrace an all-encompassing vision of open science and adopt one-\nsize-fits-all solutions—will continue to fall short of its ambitions, will risk discouraging open science \nadvocates, and may even delay opportunities to cultivate real and effective reforms from the bottom \nup.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c696","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/26fd4d18ba1c4c9a","nativeRecordCid":"ce0da00b-2658-4e49-aee6-974439d298ac","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c696","text":"A blanket, one-size-fits-all open science incentive system may delay opportunities to cultivate real and effective reforms from the bottom up.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"blanket open science incentive systems","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Until then, a blanket “incentive” system for open science—where we are trying to encourage all \nresearchers from all regions to embrace an all-encompassing vision of open science and adopt one-\nsize-fits-all solutions—will continue to fall short of its ambitions, will risk discouraging open science \nadvocates, and may even delay opportunities to cultivate real and effective reforms from the bottom \nup.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c697","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/9ba509adb4ab4dd2","nativeRecordCid":"27832af8-7494-431a-8c7a-539138e0fe2a","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c697","text":"Researchers and university officials will be more impressed with a detailed, realistic assessment of open science than with open science hyperbole.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"reception of realistic vs hyperbolic open science claims","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Researchers and university officials will be more impressed with a detailed, realistic assessment \nof open science than with open science hyperbole.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c698","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/c600b1498b264ff8","nativeRecordCid":"dd7b793e-b2fd-4f24-93f5-6b17dde45c85","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c698","text":"The OA citation advantage is the most visible attempt so far to quantify open impact.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"OA citation advantage","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The OA citation advantage is the most visible attempt so far to quantify open impact,","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c699","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/473091fc5f4a4dc3","nativeRecordCid":"64a0572b-0072-4a72-b160-521202731704","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c699","text":"Subscription journals tend to have a higher impact factor than open journals because most subscription journals and their publishers have existed for decades or longer.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"subscription journals' impact factor","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Subscription journals tend to have a higher impact factor than open journals for two primary (and related) reasons: because the majority of \nthe subscription journals have been around for decades and because the publishers that publish them have been around for decades, or even \nover a century at this point, especially where learned societies are concerned.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c700","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/7865eae306ac428f","nativeRecordCid":"1b52afea-d495-4a5b-9b41-76696982368f","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c700","text":"The longevity of subscription journals and their publishers has allowed them to build a strong reputation, whereas most open journals are less than 20 years old.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"reputation of subscription vs open journals","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"As a result of that longevity, both the journals and the publish-\ners have had all that time to build a strong reputation, where the vast majority of open journals are less than 20 years old.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c701","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/bd031a62204349e0","nativeRecordCid":"5f09a2fe-a137-49b8-95d7-00e0d6463511","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c701","text":"Some in the research community distrust that open journals are as high a quality as traditional journals, even when empirical evidence may show otherwise.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"trust in open journal quality","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Admittedly, there \nis still a subset of the research community that simply doesn’t trust that these new-fangled open journals are as high a quality as traditional \njournals, even when the empirical evidence may show otherwise.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c702","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/b7abd9bdfab442dd","nativeRecordCid":"50d20179-b703-4d7d-826f-07afa086800e","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c702","text":"Researchers' incentive is to publish in high-status journals, many of which carry higher costs.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"researchers' publishing incentives","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Rather, their incentive is to publish in high status journals, many of which carry higher costs.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c703","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/c4d43e1a0995465a","nativeRecordCid":"39cbb158-5a7d-4828-9304-3eb31d0be0f1","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c703","text":"When designing new open science systems that rely on research money, revenue calculations must be just and realistic.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"designers of new open science systems","subject":"revenue calculations for open science systems","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"If we’re designing new open science systems that rely on research money, we need to make sure our revenue calculations are just and realistic.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c704","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/8f10ed0eed5d4cf3","nativeRecordCid":"34d8441c-f2ba-436a-b05d-95ca264c1dfb","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c704","text":"Accurately evaluating the costs of open science depends heavily on the definition of open being used.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"evaluating costs of open science","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Accurately evaluating the costs of open science depends heavily on our definition of open.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c705","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/b2f151448eb74503","nativeRecordCid":"629c6b76-8116-4365-8aa6-5de1539c9998","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c705","text":"Open science comes at a price that is not likely to be less than what is currently being paid for publishing.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"cost of open science","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Open isn’t free. Open comes at a price, and all indications so far—at least when it comes to \npublishing open science research—are that this price is not going to be less than what we are \ncurrently paying.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c706","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/446b4b2cf0bb4c3e","nativeRecordCid":"737189e5-71d9-4799-85e6-36071e9e4d1d","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c706","text":"Cost savings should not be promoted as an overall benefit of open science.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"","subject":"framing of open science cost savings","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Therefore, cost savings shouldn’t be promoted as an overall benefit of open.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c707","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/df33339080c840ba","nativeRecordCid":"a2791033-1124-4423-a034-4aaafd276980","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c707","text":"Cost shifting is a more accurate description than cost savings of what is occurring with open science costs.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"nature of open science cost changes","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Cost shifting is a more accurate description of what we’re seeing so far.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c708","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/cc4f7aa87bfe429c","nativeRecordCid":"7b23d7ca-341b-47c9-b6b5-17aa7bdb6dbc","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c708","text":"Whether gold open access will become more expensive than subscriptions over time needs more monitoring and study.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"","subject":"gold OA cost trajectory","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Will “gold” end up being more expensive than subscriptions over time? This issue \nneeds more monitoring and study (Jubb et al. 2018).","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c709","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/8eb389268f894d99","nativeRecordCid":"010e1b98-7dd5-45ec-8169-2bffe44ce084","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c709","text":"The cost savings of gold open access over hybrid open access is questionable.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"gold vs hybrid OA cost savings","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Even the cost savings of gold over hybrid \nis questionable.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c710","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/ea6fd60317d7401b","nativeRecordCid":"7a6ab806-bf39-465f-92a6-f77e5da1f723","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c710","text":"Researchers do not compare publishing prices when choosing open journals to publish in.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"researchers' publishing price comparisons","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Researchers do not compare the best publishing prices (Mudditt 2018, \nTenopir et al. 2017, Feng 2013) for open journals.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c711","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/cc227203d9284d94","nativeRecordCid":"9e1f67fa-649c-4088-a5b8-47418d314852","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c711","text":"In richer countries researchers can tap institutional and funder sources to pay publishing costs, whereas in less wealthy countries this burden often falls primarily on researchers themselves.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"funding of publishing costs by country wealth","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Part of this behavior is being driven by the \nfact that in richer countries, researchers can tap institutional and funder sources to pay for \ncosts, whereas in less wealthy countries, this burden can often fall primarily on researchers \nthemselves (Suber 2020).","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c712","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/5e51a1a8e4e54270","nativeRecordCid":"714cbfdf-5ecb-4fb5-b673-ce08bb1121b0","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c712","text":"Access paywalls must not be replaced by unaffordable author-side \"play-walls\".","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"the scholarly communication community","subject":"paywalls versus author-side charges","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"We must be careful that access paywalls do not get replaced by \n“play-walls” (Green 2019).","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c713","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/2ee7d52b6f934fc9","nativeRecordCid":"e8629ab3-6d0c-4abd-8fde-ced6c932be43","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c713","text":"Even very modest author publishing charges, in the range of a few hundred dollars, may be unaffordable for many authors in the global south.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"affordability of author publishing charges","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Evidence today in scholarly publishing is that even very modest \nauthor publishing charges, in the range of a few hundred dollars, may be unaffordable for many \nauthors in the global south (Scaria and Shreyashi 2018; INASP 2018; Minai 2018).","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c714","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/252d4fc842804f9b","nativeRecordCid":"f74c28aa-f47d-44ee-8e67-b58237003815","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c714","text":"Unaffordable author publishing charges may amplify the existing north-south gap in access to research caused by high subscription prices.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"effect of unaffordable publishing charges","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"This unaf-\nfordability may end up amplifying the already existing north-south gap in access to research \ncaused by high subscription prices, as well as the Matthew Effect in science, wherein high-\ner-status scientists are able to parlay their existing status into further cumulative advantages.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c715","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/03a156d19d084c9e","nativeRecordCid":"66ec365c-8b6f-49c4-8a9e-3f3990b4026a","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c715","text":"Unaffordable author publishing charges may amplify the Matthew Effect in science, wherein higher-status scientists parlay their existing status into further cumulative advantages.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"effect of unaffordable publishing charges","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"This unaf-\nfordability may end up amplifying the already existing north-south gap in access to research \ncaused by high subscription prices, as well as the Matthew Effect in science, wherein high-\ner-status scientists are able to parlay their existing status into further cumulative advantages.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c716","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/4a961aa237a0406f","nativeRecordCid":"8e1695a8-0699-4095-9700-fbe99b3aaa87","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c716","text":"Open science funding systems should not result in researchers from less wealthy regions subsidizing EU and US science.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"the scholarly communication community","subject":"equitable open science cost-sharing","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Along these same lines, we don’t want to slide toward a situation where \nresearchers from less wealthy regions are essentially subsidizing EU and US science since the \ncharges they pay to support open science systems—if equally distributed—will represent a \nmuch higher percentage of their research and publishing budgets than for their northern/west-\nern counterparts (Ellers 2017).","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c717","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/d2743e6dfc9747e5","nativeRecordCid":"80e4f8ef-efbd-4f5e-95cb-8320a33f8469","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c717","text":"If equally distributed, charges to support open science systems will represent a much higher percentage of research and publishing budgets for researchers in less wealthy regions than for their northern and western counterparts.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"equally distributed open science charges","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Along these same lines, we don’t want to slide toward a situation where \nresearchers from less wealthy regions are essentially subsidizing EU and US science since the \ncharges they pay to support open science systems—if equally distributed—will represent a \nmuch higher percentage of their research and publishing budgets than for their northern/west-\nern counterparts (Ellers 2017).","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c718","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/a5a0766a7c4842d9","nativeRecordCid":"9ab9d243-1296-495a-b224-6a861d69ebb9","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c718","text":"Different researchers around the world have markedly different abilities to financially support the open science system.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"researchers' ability to fund open science","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Different researchers around the world have markedly different abilities to financially support the open \nscience system.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c719","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/7b1a31f5baa345ed","nativeRecordCid":"46588f71-ae5e-41c9-bfb0-8c512a94ab66","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c719","text":"Global open science solutions must not be designed to work financially only for researchers from wealthy EU or US research institutions.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"the scholarly communication community","subject":"global open science funding solutions","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"We cannot create global solutions that work financially for researchers from only wealthy \nEU or US research institutions.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c720","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/dc19043ba9684813","nativeRecordCid":"771bbaee-8fdc-4ef8-8713-9e3ae59ee4a3","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c720","text":"Open science policy solutions must be globally workable.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"the scholarly communication community","subject":"open science policy solutions","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Our policy solutions need to be globally workable and sustainable.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c721","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/350b1948c81e42e4","nativeRecordCid":"85e1c05a-b609-4b9b-98cc-938a77d7fc10","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c721","text":"Open science policy solutions must be sustainable.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"the scholarly communication community","subject":"open science policy solutions","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Our policy solutions need to be globally workable and sustainable.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c722","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/7b6a11b4259d4701","nativeRecordCid":"a4ff49db-b5fb-4cd4-a399-2a286e1053a8","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c722","text":"UNESCO should follow the open science roadmap recommendations, culminating in adoption of OSI's Plan A as UN policy, its use as a blueprint for UN policy, or its use as the foundation for a similar UN policy with broader global input.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"UNESCO","subject":"UNESCO adoption of Plan A recommendations","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"OSI advises that UNESCO follow the open science roadmap recommendations described in this paper, \nand that this path culminate in either the outright adoption of OSI’s Plan A as UN policy; the use of \nPlan A as a blueprint for eventual United Nations policy; or the use of these roadmap recommendations \nand/or Plan A as the foundation for a similar United Nations policy that has the benefit of broader \nglobal input.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c723","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/00c293a870dc48b8","nativeRecordCid":"619f2658-7961-40ba-b689-8f37e164c5bf","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c723","text":"The international community must design, build, and deploy an array of open infrastructure tools.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"the international community","subject":"open infrastructure tools","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"DESIGN, build and deploy an \narray of much needed open infra-\nstructure tools to help accelerate \nthe spread and adoption of open \nscholarship practices;","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c724","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/fca572b3661d4125","nativeRecordCid":"c93672a6-7298-4bd4-9c77-77965d03d060","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c724","text":"The international community must work together to find common-ground solutions that address key issues and concerns.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"the international community","subject":"common-ground solutions","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"WORK TOGETHER on finding \ncommon ground perspective \nsolutions that address key issues \nand concerns (see OSI’s Common \nGround policy paper for more \ndetail); and","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c725","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/e012969a7d624f06","nativeRecordCid":"41f5e0e0-cdfa-4c79-8e3f-b0c0b3e51c3a","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c725","text":"The international community must redouble its collective efforts to educate and listen to the research community about open solutions and design solutions that better meet the needs of research.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"the international community","subject":"educating and listening to the research community","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"REDOUBLE OUR COLLECTIVE \nEFFORTS to educate and listen to the research community about open solutions, and in doing \nso design solutions that better meet the needs of research.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c726","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/cb8184d7602c450c","nativeRecordCid":"364faa9f-6a19-4b90-b9c6-cb9c190e1ef6","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c726","text":"The international community should work and contribute together, including publishers.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"the international community","subject":"collaborative work on open science reforms","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Work and contribute together (everyone, including publishers);","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c727","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/bcdb4429c1df44a2","nativeRecordCid":"0ac4ac08-4bd1-4ff9-b414-95c3eaec0c69","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c727","text":"The international community should work on all pieces of the open scholarship puzzle.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"the international community","subject":"open scholarship puzzle pieces","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Work on all pieces of the puzzle so we can clear a path for open to succeed;","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c728","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/ab023945095b45ae","nativeRecordCid":"7696c575-f001-4f0f-bef8-eb3e31310f3c","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c728","text":"The international community should discover missing pieces of information.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"the international community","subject":"missing information on open science","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Discover missing pieces of information to ensure our efforts are evidence-based;","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c729","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/507c7d1c00124c30","nativeRecordCid":"b8e86a57-941a-4c81-a787-c0221a97c648","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c729","text":"The international community should embrace diversity.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"the international community","subject":"diversity of perspectives in open science","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Embrace diversity.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c730","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/51da9c17d5064ab9","nativeRecordCid":"ac76a49d-fb5d-45be-87a4-cb56c190c0bf","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c730","text":"No one group has a perfect understanding of the needs and challenges in the open science space.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"understanding of open science needs and challenges","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"No one group has a perfect understanding of the needs and challenges in \nthis space, and different groups have different needs and challenges.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c731","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/96b7e6786afc43df","nativeRecordCid":"2aee1475-2edf-4b9f-95cb-d3e5776e7752","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c731","text":"Different groups have different needs and challenges in the open science space.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"variation in groups' needs and challenges","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"No one group has a perfect understanding of the needs and challenges in \nthis space, and different groups have different needs and challenges.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c732","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/bc066c68b3e6487f","nativeRecordCid":"9e835608-843a-48fb-8be0-18f6c5cbda0d","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c732","text":"No one group has a perfect understanding of the needs and challenges in scholarly communication.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"understanding of needs and challenges","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"No one group has a perfect understanding of the needs and challenges in \nthis space,","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c733","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/cccc1734f6ba4b2b","nativeRecordCid":"f1a3d1e5-7a49-4701-816f-5a7e714d7da9","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c733","text":"Different groups have different needs and challenges in scholarly communication.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"groups' needs and challenges","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"and different groups have different needs and challenges.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c734","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/d933fac323884d89","nativeRecordCid":"698c88f5-481c-4be1-a7ff-0de341a35795","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c734","text":"The international community should develop big-picture agreement on the goals ahead for open science.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"the international community","subject":"agreement on open science goals","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Develop big picture agreement on the goals ahead and common ground approaches to meet \nthese goals; and","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c735","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/386ca6ef6d564d7d","nativeRecordCid":"5b0303d6-1d86-4bad-bd88-932836f0b5e2","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c735","text":"The international community should develop common-ground approaches to meet the goals ahead for open science.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"the international community","subject":"common-ground approaches to open science goals","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Develop big picture agreement on the goals ahead and common ground approaches to meet \nthese goals; and","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c736","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/80086a1b42fd4f44","nativeRecordCid":"ea79cd8a-81a8-46bb-97d2-d06cb687d081","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c736","text":"Approaches to open access must be developed carefully.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"","subject":"development of open access approaches","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Approaches to open access must be developed carefully and in close collaboration with the research \ncommunity.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c737","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/0893bfd9133b48c8","nativeRecordCid":"7198aa4c-7114-4c2e-a9c8-923050060b3c","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c737","text":"Approaches to open access must be developed in close collaboration with the research community.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"","subject":"development of open access approaches","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Approaches to open access must be developed carefully and in close collaboration with the research \ncommunity.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c738","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/7d9b56d09d0f4114","nativeRecordCid":"a8e05c2e-8d4a-4714-a3f0-c923264ac0d4","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c738","text":"The international community requires a better understanding of the scholarly communication landscape.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"the international community","subject":"understanding of scholarly communication landscape","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The international community requires a better understanding of the scholarly commu-\nnication landscape.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c739","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/1c1806cb159a48cb","nativeRecordCid":"a2566ae7-e9aa-4b0e-9160-08fbc133779f","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c739","text":"The scholarly communication community's lack of understanding about key issues has, for over 20 years, made it difficult to create effective reforms.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"effect of lack of understanding on reform","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Our community’s lack of understanding about key issues has, for the past \n20-plus years, made it difficult to create effective reforms.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c740","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/61e987934d134055","nativeRecordCid":"3026dd30-ec0f-47de-b97b-de3261a4769a","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c740","text":"As a broad, global community, the scholarly communication field has never taken the time to work through differing perspectives and identify specific ways to work together at scale on shared challenges.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"lack of coordinated global collaboration","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"As a broad, global community, though, we have never taken the time to work through our differing perspectives and identify specific ways we \ncan work on these challenges and issues together at scale (there have been many instances of \nlimited sharing and collaboration, including OSI itself, but nothing approaching a global move-\nment to work together).","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c741","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/d290caee8a7c4c77","nativeRecordCid":"c0a50a1d-a657-421a-a953-2f8b0221a54f","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c741","text":"The global scholarly communication community needs new infrastructure items that will help encourage, achieve, sustain, and monitor open science reforms.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"the global scholarly communication community","subject":"new open science infrastructure items","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The global scholarly communication community needs new \ninfrastructure items—products, services, tools, websites, and other resources—that will help en-\ncourage, achieve, sustain and monitor reforms in this space.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c742","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/0a4eb22d86884967","nativeRecordCid":"6983ff10-8027-4471-bdd4-084cb410e41a","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c742","text":"There is vast common ground in the scholarly communication community.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"common ground in scholarly communication community","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"There is vast common ground in the scholarly communication \ncommunity.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c743","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/4eec30cb77b64478","nativeRecordCid":"9351de3b-4ae6-4be1-a7ff-a149848f52c7","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c743","text":"Most groups across the regional and stakeholder spectrum in scholarly communication recognize and respond to many of the same challenges and issues.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"shared challenges across stakeholder groups","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Most of the groups in this space from across the regional and stakeholder spectrum \nrecognize and respond to many of the same challenges and issues.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c744","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/976a215a887a426d","nativeRecordCid":"dbf1b3fb-e44a-4640-9086-719fc57f265e","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c744","text":"Common ground in scholarly communication exists both within and between stakeholder groups.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"common ground among stakeholder groups","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"This commonality exists \nboth within and between stakeholder groups.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c745","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/959a55fb48db4ce4","nativeRecordCid":"a04d0932-a59e-46db-91d8-877ebdc93c94","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c745","text":"Commonality in the scholarly communication community exists both within and between stakeholder groups.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"commonality among stakeholder groups","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"This commonality exists \nboth within and between stakeholder groups.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c746","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/a4871989349942a8","nativeRecordCid":"66173714-189e-4a26-b010-22cbdbbfb042","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c746","text":"OSI's summarized ideas and perspectives might be helpful seeds of a broader, global conversation on open scholarship.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"OSI's ideas as seeds for global conversation","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"These ideas and \nperspectives might be helpful seeds of a broader, global conversation.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c747","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/10ca6cdff69c416e","nativeRecordCid":"935127d7-e5ca-45ba-8e42-c4b9651b12ea","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c747","text":"OSI conference delegates' ideas and perspectives on common ground might be helpful seeds of a broader, global conversation.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"OSI's Common Ground ideas and perspectives","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"These ideas and \nperspectives might be helpful seeds of a broader, global conversation.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c748","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/c4d041151e334b4f","nativeRecordCid":"7ea50693-abdc-4726-a4ea-4d5bfde78c73","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c748","text":"Building on common ground gives the scholarly communication community a better chance of developing the right detailed solutions together.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"benefit of building on common ground","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Building on the common \nground we have in this community, we have a better chance of developing the right detailed \nsolutions together, in the right order, and for the right reasons, and these solutions will have a \nbetter chance of being adopted, sustained, and bearing fruit.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c749","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/87d7c897d7724d70","nativeRecordCid":"b319086b-b87e-4678-b0e3-d45f1959e6b1","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c749","text":"Solutions built on common ground will have a better chance of being adopted, sustained, and bearing fruit.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"outcomes of common-ground-based solutions","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Building on the common \nground we have in this community, we have a better chance of developing the right detailed \nsolutions together, in the right order, and for the right reasons, and these solutions will have a \nbetter chance of being adopted, sustained, and bearing fruit.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c750","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/48ec5340292945b1","nativeRecordCid":"3c19f3c0-e56f-4150-86bb-0700af1d700d","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c750","text":"Solutions developed by building on common ground in the scholarly communication community have a better chance of being adopted, sustained, and bearing fruit.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"solutions developed from common ground","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Building on the common \nground we have in this community, we have a better chance of developing the right detailed \nsolutions together, in the right order, and for the right reasons, and these solutions will have a \nbetter chance of being adopted, sustained, and bearing fruit.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c751","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/853bd07ed22a4ac1","nativeRecordCid":"1904d318-ba7b-42dc-8496-51dd075e8be7","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c751","text":"An open research future will be an inclusive movement that is informed and empowered by vast diversity.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"open research future","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"An open research future will be an inclusive movement that is informed and empowered by vast diversity.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c752","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/c6f481a00a2e4bfb","nativeRecordCid":"47ac59ea-7a00-426b-a5b3-3dd33c47e916","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c752","text":"The scholarly communication community has overestimated the degree to which researchers are informed and convinced about open scholarship.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"researchers' awareness of open scholarship","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The scholarly communication community has overestimated the degree \nto which researchers are informed and convinced about open scholarship.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c753","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/86ba8216a24947b3","nativeRecordCid":"f682ae3d-58dd-4b82-9199-be606212dee8","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c753","text":"Misinformation and lack of information in the open scholarship space are hindering progress.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"misinformation hindering open scholarship progress","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"There is, in fact, a \ngreat deal of misinformation and lack of information in this space which is hindering progress.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c754","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/398c3656b9764072","nativeRecordCid":"534669d0-24dc-4aef-929f-b527f064e576","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c754","text":"There is a great deal of misinformation and lack of information in the scholarly communication space regarding open scholarship.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"information about open scholarship","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"There is, in fact, a \ngreat deal of misinformation and lack of information in this space which is hindering progress.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c755","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/db37e49831e14231","nativeRecordCid":"96da6208-e764-4c2e-8edd-c62ef9310d14","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c755","text":"The scholarly communication community needs to be better informed regarding \"open\" definitions, opportunities, impacts, processes, and options.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"the scholarly communication community","subject":"community's knowledge of open scholarship","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"In order to make more and faster progress on open reforms, our community needs to be bet-\nter informed with regard to “open” definitions, opportunities, impacts, processes, options, and \nso on","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c756","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/3757a1ce9eee40b6","nativeRecordCid":"471e8c9a-c6c9-4259-bb3f-c302cc4aebad","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c756","text":"The scholarly communication community needs a better system for listening to stakeholder feedback and for creating and adjusting solutions accordingly.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"the scholarly communication community","subject":"stakeholder feedback system","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Our community also needs a better system in place for listening \nto stakeholder feedback, and for creating and adjusting to solutions accordingly.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c757","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/09ceda4346284abd","nativeRecordCid":"8f0bf0a4-2cb7-462c-8273-68a9c7ef92aa","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c757","text":"The scholarly communication community needs a clearer and more detailed understanding of what researchers want and need, what they will use, and what reforms are meant to accomplish.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"the scholarly communication community","subject":"understanding of researchers' wants and needs","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Of particular \nfocus on the listening side, we need a clearer and more detailed understanding of exactly what \nresearchers want and need, what they will use, and what we hope to accomplish with reforms \nso we can make sure to ask the right questions, collect the right data, and pursue the right \nsolutions.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c758","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/f6ffe182ebd44438","nativeRecordCid":"0a540283-c650-4894-860a-e14116a2f2c4","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c758","text":"The international community must improve the relevance of open science to researchers and society.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"the international community","subject":"relevance of open science","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Plan A also proposes that, in parallel to these four main points of action, the international community \nmust improve the relevance of open to researchers and society by:","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c759","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/fa0b3831bf604601","nativeRecordCid":"03f9a018-97f0-48ac-b698-125bd289ef49","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c759","text":"Climate change-related research should be opened and centralized, to the extent possible without compromising private health information.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"the international community","subject":"climate change research openness","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Opening and centralizing all climate change-related research (to the extent it can be without \ncompromising private health information);","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c760","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/a8021d42c0b7416b","nativeRecordCid":"0d10d89f-90c5-4c86-9327-763cd7790876","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c760","text":"An ethos of diversity and inclusion will be the foundation upon which a truly robust open future will rest.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"ethos of diversity and inclusion","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"This ethos of diversity and inclusion will \nbe the foundation upon which a truly robust open future will rest.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c761","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/828c283e18c5414b","nativeRecordCid":"44616eb5-69c6-4392-b889-2d94a506036f","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c761","text":"Zero-embargo compassionate use access portals should be created for patient families and for researchers combating health crises.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"","subject":"compassionate use access portals","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Creating zero-embargo compassionate use access portals for patient families and for re-\nsearchers combating health crises (whether through a new program or by strengthening and \nexpanding the existing Emergency Access Initiative);","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c762","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/29c479ffc75a49ab","nativeRecordCid":"33c82486-9e47-4778-8be1-e1829e8edbb4","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c762","text":"A more robust Research-4-Life program should be created for lower-resourced regions and institutions.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"","subject":"Research-4-Life program","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Creating a more robust Research-4-Life program for lower-resourced regions and institutions; and","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c763","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/27ea74a42a9e48d8","nativeRecordCid":"bc38e5b6-79a8-4352-9d99-8417de38596a","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c763","text":"Current openness programs should be modified to improve researcher use and engagement.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"","subject":"openness programs","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Considering how to modify current openness programs to improve researcher use and engagement.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c764","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/c4b5dd571ede40dd","nativeRecordCid":"46e013fa-c532-4bef-aeab-2db29833593e","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c764","text":"A one-size-fits-all approach to open science is unlikely to succeed.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"one-size-fits-all approach","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"OSI believes that a one-size-fits-all approach is unlikely to succeed.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c765","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/d39952296cb34fdc","nativeRecordCid":"6b693034-b164-4e57-946e-ced68ca4fc43","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c765","text":"An inclusive, diversity-empowered open research future will lead science and society to new opportunities, globally and across all disciplines.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"open research future","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"This will lead science and soci-\nety to new opportunities, globally and across all disciplines.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c766","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/f2ea0b86cf994578","nativeRecordCid":"27939b00-d480-4e7b-b843-bc8fab57f934","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c766","text":"Open science literacy should be fostered through the development and promotion of open science curricula within educational programs, particularly ethics and AI.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"","subject":"open science literacy","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Fostering open science literacy through the development and promotion of open science curricula \nwithin educational programs, particularly ethics and AI (e.g., Foster Open Science, OS MOOC)","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c767","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/08ca5c117bf445ee","nativeRecordCid":"498f1e00-572c-480b-a6c0-da4bbdcbcc0d","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c767","text":"Thinking about the future of scholarship must be framed more broadly in terms of \"open scholarship,\" not solely \"open science.\"","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"","subject":"open scholarship framing","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"It will \nbe necessary for us to think more broadly in terms of “open scholarship,” not solely “open \nscience.”","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c768","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/fbf6ac90211e47e4","nativeRecordCid":"74e190ca-e037-4be9-8d83-e74339fd0d75","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c768","text":"Open science support should be grown through the establishment of an assortment of open science roles throughout institutions.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"","subject":"open science support","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Growing open science support through the establishment of an assortment of open science \nroles throughout institutions (e.g., increased Dutch national support for open science—see \nWezenbeek 2017)","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c769","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/83383c1fc87b4c42","nativeRecordCid":"e6a3d4c4-c38a-4ec9-a784-18dd1a1df105","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c769","text":"Research papers should be unpacked and discovery and credit mechanisms provided for research objects/components including software, data, and workflows.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"","subject":"research objects and components","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Unpacking research papers and providing \ndiscovery and credit mechanisms for research \nobjects/components including software, data, \nworkflows, etc.  (e.g., FAIR, SCHOLIX)","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c770","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/fa8788df76c24b4f","nativeRecordCid":"6ba19ccd-13df-47d8-845c-52f6604c8765","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c770","text":"Common assessment mechanisms should be created to track open science progress.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"","subject":"open science progress tracking","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Creating common assessment mechanisms to \ntrack open science progress (e.g., OA Monitor, \nOA Switchboard)","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c771","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/76dbeda0053945cf","nativeRecordCid":"059c8787-ab7b-42c2-bfde-3c7b51d464be","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c771","text":"Support for broader impact in research funding should be expanded to facilitate greater connections between research and the public.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"","subject":"broader impact in research funding","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Expanding support for broader impact in re-\nsearch funding to facilitate greater connections \nbetween research and the public (e.g., commu-\nnicating science to public, citizen science)","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c772","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/d7a680111b8143d2","nativeRecordCid":"3bbefe79-2263-4f2a-8eda-464526a3e31e","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c772","text":"Computational support for data processing and analysis-intensive research should be broadened.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"","subject":"computational support","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Broadening computational support for data processing and analysis-intensive research (e.g., \nEOSC, Binder)","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c773","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/f8c7032f1b114b13","nativeRecordCid":"10f9ff4f-4a4c-41a5-ba18-b6ebcb09fa0f","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c773","text":"Peer review mechanisms should be opened up.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"","subject":"peer review mechanisms","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Opening peer review mechanisms, increasing transparency, improving quality and providing new \nincentives/credits for reviewers, plus more support for preprint services (e.g., F1000, PLoS, arXiv)","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c774","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/794bba7dae524f68","nativeRecordCid":"305ecf17-0fa4-409c-a1f9-3e3c752e755d","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c774","text":"Transparency in peer review should be increased.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"","subject":"peer review transparency","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Opening peer review mechanisms, increasing transparency, improving quality and providing new \nincentives/credits for reviewers, plus more support for preprint services (e.g., F1000, PLoS, arXiv)","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c775","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/f9504085545d4899","nativeRecordCid":"10d932e3-468f-4aa6-a77a-c451ecf6e4c8","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c775","text":"The quality of peer review should be improved.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"","subject":"peer review quality","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Opening peer review mechanisms, increasing transparency, improving quality and providing new \nincentives/credits for reviewers, plus more support for preprint services (e.g., F1000, PLoS, arXiv)","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c776","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/dc71123c18164855","nativeRecordCid":"ba4cc4b1-6129-4095-97d2-70f2cba52810","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c776","text":"New incentives and credits should be provided for peer reviewers.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"","subject":"incentives for peer reviewers","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Opening peer review mechanisms, increasing transparency, improving quality and providing new \nincentives/credits for reviewers, plus more support for preprint services (e.g., F1000, PLoS, arXiv)","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c777","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/a74c6353566c4df1","nativeRecordCid":"c05a8869-9211-47c3-bce3-22e2293c28f2","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c777","text":"Support for preprint services should be increased.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"","subject":"preprint services","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Opening peer review mechanisms, increasing transparency, improving quality and providing new \nincentives/credits for reviewers, plus more support for preprint services (e.g., F1000, PLoS, arXiv)","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c778","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/0a2ff3c0ac8b4d02","nativeRecordCid":"7b695f3a-a4dd-4228-be0c-a9fc3ee9b07c","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c778","text":"Standards and approaches commonly used within the broader information technology community should be learned from.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"","subject":"IT community standards","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Learning from standards and approaches commonly used within the broader information tech-\nnology community (e.g., Schema.org)","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c779","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/4c59bcb8abf046c9","nativeRecordCid":"83337d15-cde6-46ec-ac75-1389f7ad67e7","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c779","text":"Open science culture should be tended to via early career communities.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"","subject":"open science culture","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Tending to open science culture via early career communities, and offering advancement oppor-\ntunities (e.g., RDA early career, Carpentries training)","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c780","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/ceb87dcab1e24222","nativeRecordCid":"762a79af-4cd6-4a13-acf8-1b9de4f0163f","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c780","text":"Advancement opportunities should be offered to support open science culture.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"","subject":"advancement opportunities","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Tending to open science culture via early career communities, and offering advancement oppor-\ntunities (e.g., RDA early career, Carpentries training)","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c781","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/9052467fdd0143a0","nativeRecordCid":"fa6e2e21-8390-429d-99f8-89c37e010f93","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c781","text":"National plans for open science should continue to be thought through.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"","subject":"national open science plans","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Continuing to think through national plans for open science (e.g., the US National Academies’ \nOpen Science by Design, the European Commission on Open Science)","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c782","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/f31331e5eadf438c","nativeRecordCid":"1ae9c582-a6ef-447c-a2e5-58d81279b609","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c782","text":"The open science community should embrace the diversity of activity in the open space while making it possible for new actors to enter.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"","subject":"diversity of activity in open science","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"OSI’s overall recommendation is to embrace the diversity of activity in the open space while making it \npossible for new actors to enter.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c783","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/ad6a5dcd15a346ee","nativeRecordCid":"261010ed-681b-42d0-bef2-5630e89a021e","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c783","text":"The effort to reform the future of open science cannot be carried out in a vacuum.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"open science reform effort","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The effort to reform the future of open science cannot be \ncarried out in a vacuum.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c784","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/bd33e4d1362e4660","nativeRecordCid":"0c11ac85-9410-4712-95e2-6dc31371dfe7","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c784","text":"The reforms made to open science will result in systems changes to the humanities and social sciences as well.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"open science reforms","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Inevitably, the reforms made to open science will result in systems \nchanges to the humanities and social sciences, as well.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c785","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/87cac1cbeecd4419","nativeRecordCid":"ee2df6db-217f-4041-a422-0397beefb25e","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c785","text":"The information needed to ground the open science policy framework isn't at all clear and objective.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"policy framework information","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The information we need \nto ground this policy framework isn’t at all clear and objective.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c786","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/3295fb3e36f94332","nativeRecordCid":"22bccbeb-0906-4b68-b9c0-f51fe905d001","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c786","text":"Science isn't homogeneous.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"science","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Science isn’t homogeneous.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c787","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/b85d713c9cb8455b","nativeRecordCid":"1456ae18-ca5c-4d48-b617-49477f803fee","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c787","text":"Different research fields have different open science needs.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"research fields' open science needs","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Different research fields have \ndifferent open science needs,","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c788","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/3096abbb5f5943e2","nativeRecordCid":"3bf92880-c807-43df-9403-eee40123c62a","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c788","text":"Institutions have different abilities to comply with open science solutions such as APC publishing and sophisticated data repositories.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"institutions' compliance abilities","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"institutions have different abilities to comply with solutions like \nAPC publishing and sophisticated data repositories, and so on.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c789","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/70073688390046e6","nativeRecordCid":"8c10a71e-377f-4eca-8230-46e1662bdd73","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c789","text":"Most research is conducted outside of universities.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"location of research","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"most research is conducted outside of univer-\nsities,","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c790","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/f040ce33b9ee43aa","nativeRecordCid":"a9c3ad40-a966-48f9-a246-48803953e0cf","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c790","text":"University-based researchers are responsible for most of the research that gets published in science journals.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"university-based researchers","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"even though university-based researchers are responsible for most of the research that \ngets published in science journals.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c791","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/cf13ed616992486c","nativeRecordCid":"886fe754-2434-46e7-ac1a-09cb66716255","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c791","text":"Goals like improving the value of science to society are common refrains in open science that are most often posited uncritically, as though more open science will necessarily happen by fiat or will necessarily lead to better outcomes for both science and society.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"open science goals","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Generally, goals like “improving the value of science to soci-\nety” are  common refrains in open science, but these goals are most often posited uncritically, \nas though more open science will necessarily happen by fiat, or will necessarily lead to better \noutcomes for both science and society.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c792","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/c940dabdfe8c4343","nativeRecordCid":"a8ca561c-8090-4835-a787-a1a747597574","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c792","text":"Stakeholders working on the future of open science must ensure that their efforts do not fall short.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"stakeholders of open science","subject":"open science reform efforts","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"we owe it to \nourselves and to science and society to ensure that our efforts don’t fall short, or create unin-\ntended consequences.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c793","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/c01cd6b91b734842","nativeRecordCid":"732d60e2-3114-42ed-b0ef-d9cedf5b038a","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c793","text":"Stakeholders working on the future of open science must ensure that their efforts do not create unintended consequences.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"stakeholders of open science","subject":"open science reform efforts","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"we owe it to \nourselves and to science and society to ensure that our efforts don’t fall short, or create unin-\ntended consequences.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c794","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/dbbcc92ec7aa4938","nativeRecordCid":"98b09f9d-baac-48a6-878a-802fca22390f","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c794","text":"A common ground approach is needed to develop workable, global open science solutions like the ones UNESCO is hoping to develop.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"","subject":"common ground approach","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"A common ground approach is needed to develop workable, global solutions like \nUNESCO is hoping to develop.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c795","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/f796175bdcd84b87","nativeRecordCid":"e914574e-f097-4eae-bb8e-df938652a945","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c795","text":"Searching for common ground has never been tried before in the open science space in a broad, high-level, international sense.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"search for common ground","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"However, searching for common ground has never been tried before in this \nspace in a broad, high-level, international sense.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c796","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/d8e086f5d60f4186","nativeRecordCid":"19f28f88-bd58-4a0e-8752-e297c937ed98","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c796","text":"The open code, open source, open access, open educational resources, open society, and other open information movements have a rich and varied past.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"open information movements","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"We have discussed here that these movements have a rich and varied past and often have \ndifferent foundations, objectives, and audiences,","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c797","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/d9fa82822a884368","nativeRecordCid":"5932fb91-df26-4d1c-9325-94530de35aa6","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c797","text":"The open code, open source, open access, open educational resources, open society, and other open information movements often have different foundations, objectives, and audiences.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"open information movements","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"We have discussed here that these movements have a rich and varied past and often have \ndifferent foundations, objectives, and audiences,","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c798","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/689bf357a9df49c5","nativeRecordCid":"87cf03a4-4735-4820-8469-a6e817ed3911","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c798","text":"Different researchers have different needs, varying by field, institution size, career stage, and region.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"researchers' needs","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Different \nresearchers have different needs, varying by field, institution size, career stage, region, and \nmore.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c799","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/8449c49bda0444ea","nativeRecordCid":"ab64f738-9db1-44e4-b73b-afd407145f80","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c799","text":"There is still a lot of unknown and uncertainty in the open science debate.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"open science debate","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"There is still a lot of unknown in this debate, and a lot \nof uncertainty.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c800","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/05bf92436acc4ff9","nativeRecordCid":"2adf0e50-e738-40b4-8833-d53c6e43992b","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c800","text":"How open science is defined determines the elements of open science.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"definition of open science","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"How we define open science determines the elements of open science.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c801","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/ebda7f8811414fc9","nativeRecordCid":"ff0edb30-562f-42e8-9924-fc89ce98ce21","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c801","text":"First steps toward developing open science policy must involve gathering more information.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"","subject":"first steps for open science policy","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Our first steps need to involve gath-\nering more information and convening stakeholders so we can better understand our common \nground perspectives and discuss together what needs to be done next.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c802","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/55c9edf1350e4daf","nativeRecordCid":"d4362dc6-aa4c-4086-9e4a-31b9fa01518f","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c802","text":"First steps toward developing open science policy must involve convening stakeholders.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"","subject":"first steps for open science policy","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Our first steps need to involve gath-\nering more information and convening stakeholders so we can better understand our common \nground perspectives and discuss together what needs to be done next.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c803","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/77afbd9bce78450a","nativeRecordCid":"099f4a2b-d6de-42eb-8542-007c9772dd38","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c803","text":"There is no sense that any single organization's recommendations are, by themselves, going to influence the trajectory of open science.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"influence of a single organization's recommendations","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"There is no \nsense at the moment that any single \norganization’s recommendations are, \nby themselves, going to influence the \ntrajectory of open science.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c804","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/874c862a35b641e8","nativeRecordCid":"8bcb2ac0-6bb1-4d45-adcd-fa82e8f5d930","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c804","text":"UNESCO's recommendations may include provisions for how its open science roadmap should be globally implemented.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"UNESCO's roadmap implementation","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Perhaps \nUNESCO’s recommendations will in-\nclude some provisions for how its open \nscience roadmap should be globally \nimplemented.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c805","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/f4c3b9da0f604e7a","nativeRecordCid":"0e147231-030c-4dcb-961d-ff408fd19a9c","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c805","text":"Global policy fragmentation in open science continues.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"global open science policy","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Until then, global policy \nfragmentation continues, with the US, \nEU, China and India all considering or \nadopting new publishing approaches.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c806","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/65f2656d85c642e8","nativeRecordCid":"fd06bad8-9d76-4b9a-ab68-b1bf7ce1cf7a","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c806","text":"Different regions adopting different open science solutions may lead to fractured solution spaces.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"fractured solution spaces","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Fractured solution spaces as different regions adopt different solutions—for instance, \nPlan S for the EU; China’s “Excellence” plan (Tao 2020); and the US’s possible forthcoming \npublic access revisions (OSTP 2020)","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c807","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/b13f9c2c10f0406f","nativeRecordCid":"f4666bd6-2c4d-42aa-baf5-d50e0a982dc9","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c807","text":"Relying too heavily on APCs to pay for open access may widen gaps between research communication haves and have-nots.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"APC reliance","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Wider gaps between haves and have-nots in research communication if APCs are relied on \ntoo heavily to pay for open access (Hampson 2019)","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c808","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/89bcaf874e744ad6","nativeRecordCid":"418d0146-2db1-45ef-aad0-649f3db7c73d","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c808","text":"Systemic issues within scholarly communication, including impact factors, embargoes, peer review, and the culture of communication in academia, may become exacerbated.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"systemic issues in scholarly communication","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Systemic issues within scholarly communication becoming exacerbated. These include \nimpact factors, embargoes, peer review and the culture of communication in academia.","representedInStars":false}
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{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c810","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/eca14c1b32284bd1","nativeRecordCid":"da567cb9-dcc4-4b54-9018-cb2e8edd5b88","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c810","text":"A diminished role of gatekeepers in scholarly publishing may lead to predatory publishing.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"gatekeeper role in scholarly publishing","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The diminished role of gatekeepers in scholarly publishing, which leads to sub-standard \npublication practices and predatory publishing.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c811","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/b0c083320f064cdc","nativeRecordCid":"5d559b5b-f3a5-40a0-9c42-88f9c5f74723","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c811","text":"Incentivizing the adoption of one-size-fits-all open science solutions may inadvertently incentivize researchers to reject open research as an unwanted and unneeded intrusion.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"one-size-fits-all open science solutions","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"By trying to incentive the \nadoption of one-size-fits-all solutions that work for just one category of researcher, we may \ninadvertently be incentivizing a rejection of open research instead as an unwanted and un-\nneeded intrusion on research.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c812","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/7f9b85e5a1284d6e","nativeRecordCid":"263e30ef-91ee-47c8-a82f-01cf9b09ecd1","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c812","text":"Pursuing open science reform based on treating openness as an ideological battle to be waged and won, rather than on what's in the best interest of research, may damage science and the future of open science.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"open science reform approach","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Flowing from all of the above, damage to science and to the future of open science as \nwe work for reform based not on what’s in the best interest of research, but on the approach \nthat sees open science is an ideological battle to be waged and won.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c813","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/fe86ba5bb0ee41d3","nativeRecordCid":"cff93eb7-643a-4c10-8e6d-d44594800ddb","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c813","text":"Open has made tremendous progress over the past 20 years.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"open movement progress","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Open has made \ntremendous progress over the past 20 years;","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c814","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/539f69b7f8de4939","nativeRecordCid":"66a5fa19-9b5b-42e9-8f2d-f86567ed6f21","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c814","text":"UNESCO should take a flexible approach to the challenges ahead in open science.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"UNESCO","subject":"UNESCO's approach to open science challenges","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"For UNESCO, this means the best course of action to avoid unintended consequences is to take a \nflexible approach to the challenges ahead, staying focused on what’s best for research and researchers, \nand setting big goals but moving toward these goals with due diligence.","representedInStars":false}
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{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c816","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/712c90e546164c63","nativeRecordCid":"9e54d2ef-75f7-43de-bc6f-db45c9c23eee","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c816","text":"UNESCO should set big goals but move toward these goals with due diligence.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"UNESCO","subject":"UNESCO's goal-setting approach","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"For UNESCO, this means the best course of action to avoid unintended consequences is to take a \nflexible approach to the challenges ahead, staying focused on what’s best for research and researchers, \nand setting big goals but moving toward these goals with due diligence.","representedInStars":false}
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{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c825","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/c4d24dd56f884f26","nativeRecordCid":"2de3f5a2-5039-43f6-bc87-57b4933e7b94","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c825","text":"Impact factors should not be the tail that wags the dog.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"","subject":"impact factors","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Impact factors should not be the tail that \nwags the dog and should not distort \npublishing choices in academia","representedInStars":false}
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{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c828","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/0aaceff101a34ac3","nativeRecordCid":"d7c3d8c1-25ce-4e74-a70d-ed6885a2b7e7","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c828","text":"Ways to accelerate open adoption rates should be considered.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"","subject":"open adoption rates","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Consider ways to accelerate \nopen adoption rates","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c829","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/06f9297f2194405e","nativeRecordCid":"bb0d024a-06de-466a-8d86-2f5f7f4e8314","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c829","text":"Journal subscription costs are increasingly unaffordable.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"journal subscription costs","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Journal subscription \ncosts are increasingly \nunaffordable","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c830","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/3d0b99a4f0664920","nativeRecordCid":"a62acea9-1b37-4665-b96f-17077e361f1b","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c830","text":"Cost and access are the underlying concerns regarding subscription formats, not the particular format.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"subscription cost debate","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Cost and access are the underlying con-\ncerns here, not the particular format.","representedInStars":false}
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{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c833","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/4e50f7d2a18742ac","nativeRecordCid":"5ce0dfab-23ee-4c7c-9217-483cb2b4c047","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c833","text":"The appropriate embargo period should be studied.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"","subject":"embargo period","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Study what embargo period \nis just right","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c834","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/2c08d12d2cf344fc","nativeRecordCid":"3305422d-0a8d-4cd5-98aa-91d5884016f0","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c834","text":"There is an information vacuum regarding the appropriate length of embargoes.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"embargo periods","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"We’re operating in an information vacu-\num.","representedInStars":false}
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{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c840","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/65768998c51044a4","nativeRecordCid":"d32a7eba-d3af-4632-9224-c2b2b386e56b","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c840","text":"Better filters should be built to address information overload.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"","subject":"information overload","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Improve information literacy \nand build better filters","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c841","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/4bb179ee2e9646d7","nativeRecordCid":"a4046ced-f113-4dc2-b408-541e52178071","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c841","text":"Better access systems should be created to address information underload.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"","subject":"information underload","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Create better access systems","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c842","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/7735f9da14784bbe","nativeRecordCid":"eb4a5594-eb82-4b0c-a2b6-844095b6f8ef","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c842","text":"Better access is the common denominator for addressing information underload.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"information underload solutions","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Better access is the common denomi-\nnator—how we get there from here can \ninvolve multiple tools.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c843","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/eb62c110e8e64f1a","nativeRecordCid":"9c724130-981e-480a-a51f-a6e5cf17e6ac","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c843","text":"Achieving better access can involve multiple tools.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"achieving better access","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Better access is the common denomi-\nnator—how we get there from here can \ninvolve multiple tools.","representedInStars":false}
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{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c845","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/f4148b4b40bb4fcf","nativeRecordCid":"88e12d72-e046-4b65-8d0d-30b18f66d7ce","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c845","text":"Unmet author needs and gaps in evidence and knowledge should be identified.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"","subject":"academic communication culture","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Identify unmet author needs, \nand gaps in evidence and \nknowledge, develop disci-\nplinary approaches, and use \npilots to determine solutions.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c846","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/6a5babdd6437444c","nativeRecordCid":"99da6af7-5068-4a21-bc36-fee2281b0640","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c846","text":"Disciplinary approaches should be developed to address the broken culture of academic communication.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"","subject":"academic communication culture","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Identify unmet author needs, \nand gaps in evidence and \nknowledge, develop disci-\nplinary approaches, and use \npilots to determine solutions.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c847","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/6720ebd55ae949ba","nativeRecordCid":"d785a93a-215d-436e-9c0b-03343559d080","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c847","text":"Pilots should be used to determine solutions to the broken culture of academic communication.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"","subject":"academic communication culture","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Identify unmet author needs, \nand gaps in evidence and \nknowledge, develop disci-\nplinary approaches, and use \npilots to determine solutions.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c848","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/2773b25b1e814aa7","nativeRecordCid":"8b7e24e2-1902-4f66-bbb3-86037a5e955e","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c848","text":"The current scholarly communication system serves a purpose.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"current scholarly communication system","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The current system serves a purpose \nand is strongly resistant to wholesale \nchange.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c849","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/ab1f2ca2285d4f0b","nativeRecordCid":"f8abd4b5-aca3-43e7-991e-54ccae642ee7","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c849","text":"The current scholarly communication system is strongly resistant to wholesale change.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"current scholarly communication system","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The current system serves a purpose \nand is strongly resistant to wholesale \nchange.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c850","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/9cf4425628094540","nativeRecordCid":"afacae8f-fdc7-4cea-89b5-211124fe2eee","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c850","text":"Change in the current scholarly communication system takes time.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"change in the current system","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Change will take time, and will \nneed to create outcomes that are better \nthan before.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c851","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/3b57fffe575f46bf","nativeRecordCid":"9419206e-af12-4995-96ea-5fde18d4f3d6","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c851","text":"Change in the current scholarly communication system must create outcomes that are better than before.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"","subject":"change outcomes","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Change will take time, and will \nneed to create outcomes that are better \nthan before.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c852","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/93158822bc3343c6","nativeRecordCid":"552efedb-0183-4baa-8846-a8d629293bb5","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c852","text":"Focus on institutional repositories should be increased.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"","subject":"institutional repositories","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Increase focus on these \nresources and improve in-\nteroperability through better \nsystems and “domes” like \nCHORUS and OpenAire.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c853","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/1c0677ae9b7c49a7","nativeRecordCid":"15446fec-4755-4d89-a090-1966a29d2328","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c853","text":"Interoperability of institutional repositories should be improved through better systems and 'domes' like CHORUS and OpenAire.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"","subject":"institutional repository interoperability","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Increase focus on these \nresources and improve in-\nteroperability through better \nsystems and “domes” like \nCHORUS and OpenAire.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c854","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/e1b9041c86124d49","nativeRecordCid":"65ada069-1a39-4b4a-8a5a-ab457936b797","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c854","text":"Pre-prints have tons of potential.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"preprints","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Pre-prints have tons of potential and \ntons of challenges.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c855","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/8f22259c20494e32","nativeRecordCid":"1a526a93-d7fe-4c89-84ef-a874c1da3100","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c855","text":"Pre-prints have tons of challenges.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"preprints","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Pre-prints have tons of potential and \ntons of challenges.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c856","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/6dbfafe01ff347f1","nativeRecordCid":"a1b81bb2-597b-4b38-8333-b7ce67c84db9","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c856","text":"More futuristic repositories also have tons of potential and tons of challenges.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"futuristic repositories","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"So do more futuristic \nrepositories.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c857","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/08d45ecd80634c87","nativeRecordCid":"a4b10977-06fd-40b6-b028-59043f5a6a9a","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c857","text":"Disagreement about solutions does not imply disagreement about the underlying issues.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"disagreement in scholarly communication","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Just because we often disagree on \nthe best solutions doesn’t mean we disagree about the issues.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c858","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/04b1be72ce624264","nativeRecordCid":"4adb6d9f-2cf2-45d4-a66c-469d1f58ce9f","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c858","text":"Common ground statements about scholarly communication issues can be vague.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"common ground statements","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"These statements can be vague, \nbut they are essential starting points for discussions.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c859","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/5ec815d714ae42c1","nativeRecordCid":"d338dd53-83cc-40ae-be97-4c76e2699460","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c859","text":"Common ground statements are essential starting points for discussions.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"","subject":"common ground statements","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"These statements can be vague, \nbut they are essential starting points for discussions.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c860","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/043347f6321a4a05","nativeRecordCid":"dc992cf5-cafc-4dd4-95f1-329fa805f316","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c860","text":"Stakeholder groups agree that there are issues they can focus on to improve the open environment.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"stakeholder groups","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Stakeholder groups agree amongst themselves that there are \nissues they can focus on to make improvements to the open \nenvironment.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c861","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/8440650755804657","nativeRecordCid":"4e395f61-65de-455f-be0e-0566a30e633d","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c861","text":"Infrastructure groups should help push for more global standards.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"infrastructure groups","subject":"global standards","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Infrastructure groups: Help push for more global stan-\ndards, integration, and global implementation","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c862","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/ab90b3850a084931","nativeRecordCid":"60bf9c5d-cac9-4a17-b209-b55f9d52e80b","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c862","text":"Infrastructure groups should help push for more integration.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"infrastructure groups","subject":"integration","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Infrastructure groups: Help push for more global stan-\ndards, integration, and global implementation","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c863","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/54a10155eecf4412","nativeRecordCid":"a5828db1-b39e-4e2c-9b2b-6bc2b791f037","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c863","text":"Infrastructure groups should help push for more global implementation.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"infrastructure groups","subject":"global implementation","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Infrastructure groups: Help push for more global stan-\ndards, integration, and global implementation","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c864","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/072cc5e2783e4daf","nativeRecordCid":"52ecf9f1-6995-4315-83e8-781372bcdd6a","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c864","text":"Journal editors should improve global journal standards through mentoring and networking, reducing the influence of impact factors, and improving indexing.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"journal editors","subject":"global journal standards","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Journal editors: Improve global journal standards through \nmentoring and networking, reducing the influence of \nimpact factors, and improving indexing","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c865","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/3a43a1ba382349f5","nativeRecordCid":"9adfbc0e-fa94-4d23-bc93-781ef2ed3be2","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c865","text":"Libraries should support, engage, and/or collaborate on building a framework for action.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"libraries","subject":"framework for action","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Libraries: Support, engage and/or collaborate on build-\ning a framework for action, connecting resources, and \nimproving the global capacity for open","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c866","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/870a92135d1a4c36","nativeRecordCid":"de14c99b-272e-4a22-96de-16c9c0aa759b","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c866","text":"Libraries should support, engage, and/or collaborate on connecting resources.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"libraries","subject":"connecting resources","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Libraries: Support, engage and/or collaborate on build-\ning a framework for action, connecting resources, and \nimproving the global capacity for open","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c867","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/200d369efa484988","nativeRecordCid":"7c851bf7-4bd3-4c34-bc1c-a05c011ef5f2","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c867","text":"Libraries should support, engage, and/or collaborate on improving the global capacity for open.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"libraries","subject":"global capacity for open","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Libraries: Support, engage and/or collaborate on build-\ning a framework for action, connecting resources, and \nimproving the global capacity for open","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c868","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/e702952782054151","nativeRecordCid":"52521551-a15a-4173-9b0f-5da6865e1cda","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c868","text":"Open knowledge groups should help reduce the jargon.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"open knowledge groups","subject":"jargon reduction","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Open knowledge groups: Help reduce the jargon, deliver \nmore content to communities who need it, and establish \nfinancial sustainability for a diverse open environment","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c869","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/cbfb85bb540b4c60","nativeRecordCid":"5a6ae1c0-5f51-4418-9e8d-0436ef6515cc","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c869","text":"Open knowledge groups should deliver more content to communities who need it.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"open knowledge groups","subject":"content delivery","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Open knowledge groups: Help reduce the jargon, deliver \nmore content to communities who need it, and establish \nfinancial sustainability for a diverse open environment","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c870","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/72c145e9509c4fa7","nativeRecordCid":"edf84846-b7d1-4dbb-8579-2514e9858c9e","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c870","text":"Open knowledge groups should establish financial sustainability for a diverse open environment.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"open knowledge groups","subject":"financial sustainability","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Open knowledge groups: Help reduce the jargon, deliver \nmore content to communities who need it, and establish \nfinancial sustainability for a diverse open environment","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c871","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/23bf89633f4b4f13","nativeRecordCid":"1854374d-699b-48f8-b6c3-b94827307d7b","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c871","text":"Commercial publishers should improve the ability of coordinating groups, like OSI, to engage in this issue and cultivate common ground perspectives and solutions.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"commercial publishers","subject":"coordinating groups","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Commercial publishers: Improve the ability of coordinat-\ning groups (like OSI) to engage in this issue and cultivate \ncommon ground perspectives and solutions, and be will-\ning to adapt in a way that is responsive to and respectful \nof the community’s input","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c872","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/cd5743e2a5d74dec","nativeRecordCid":"aec77a7d-fcc6-4f7b-94bf-c27dfd82af31","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c872","text":"Commercial publishers should be willing to adapt in a way that is responsive to and respectful of the community's input.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"commercial publishers","subject":"adapting to community input","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Commercial publishers: Improve the ability of coordinat-\ning groups (like OSI) to engage in this issue and cultivate \ncommon ground perspectives and solutions, and be will-\ning to adapt in a way that is responsive to and respectful \nof the community’s input","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c873","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/0e31d7255ca24777","nativeRecordCid":"b5c0d582-fd5a-47ae-a05f-f458645fa376","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c873","text":"Research universities should think critically and creatively about developing programs and platforms that explore open in ways that meet the needs of researchers.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"research universities","subject":"programs and platforms","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Research universities: Think critically and creatively about \ndeveloping programs and platforms that explore open in \nways that meet the needs of researchers. Support inno-\nvation and experimentation along these lines from many \ndifferent stakeholders","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c874","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/c98c50ad30a24809","nativeRecordCid":"2c1f609e-2d60-4ae2-9cb4-77b5d451dd10","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c874","text":"Research universities should support innovation and experimentation along these lines from many different stakeholders.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"research universities","subject":"innovation and experimentation","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Research universities: Think critically and creatively about \ndeveloping programs and platforms that explore open in \nways that meet the needs of researchers. Support inno-\nvation and experimentation along these lines from many \ndifferent stakeholders","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c875","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/0768770cab864e3c","nativeRecordCid":"b45df4bf-aa2b-4971-94f6-14d23a43edd5","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c875","text":"Scholarly communication experts should get more input from researchers.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"scholarly communication experts","subject":"researcher input","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Scholarly communication experts: Get more input from \nresearchers, support more author choice, help establish \nbetter standards, and encourage “exchange” programs \nwhere leaders can get out of their silos","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c876","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/d3928d66462f4f8d","nativeRecordCid":"e72ec931-d688-4de9-b5de-ef103b701515","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c876","text":"Scholarly communication experts should support more author choice.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"scholarly communication experts","subject":"author choice","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Scholarly communication experts: Get more input from \nresearchers, support more author choice, help establish \nbetter standards, and encourage “exchange” programs \nwhere leaders can get out of their silos","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c877","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/8e10591d3e5d4c1d","nativeRecordCid":"805d21dc-a7e2-4c95-8075-83689db66fcb","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c877","text":"Scholarly communication experts should help establish better standards.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"scholarly communication experts","subject":"standards","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Scholarly communication experts: Get more input from \nresearchers, support more author choice, help establish \nbetter standards, and encourage “exchange” programs \nwhere leaders can get out of their silos","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c878","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/40261b9b160a4d26","nativeRecordCid":"edb3bfa7-e88e-4dc4-8961-0b624cea735f","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c878","text":"Scholarly communication experts should encourage 'exchange' programs where leaders can get out of their silos.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"scholarly communication experts","subject":"exchange programs","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Scholarly communication experts: Get more input from \nresearchers, support more author choice, help establish \nbetter standards, and encourage “exchange” programs \nwhere leaders can get out of their silos","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c879","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/19298662cd38490c","nativeRecordCid":"18ffc123-89c3-4358-8463-f1996250e25b","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c879","text":"Scholarly societies should educate constituencies on the benefits of open.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"scholarly societies","subject":"benefits of open","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Scholarly societies: Educate constituencies on the \nbenefits of open, explore consolidation and other ways \nto increase efficiencies, and explore the redistribution of \nfunds to better support open.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c880","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/95ff3049aa1c48e2","nativeRecordCid":"30d5a861-d9ed-4319-9a2d-316755c17b50","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c880","text":"Scholarly societies should explore consolidation and other ways to increase efficiencies.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"scholarly societies","subject":"consolidation","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Scholarly societies: Educate constituencies on the \nbenefits of open, explore consolidation and other ways \nto increase efficiencies, and explore the redistribution of \nfunds to better support open.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c881","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/7dcddfcdf1214850","nativeRecordCid":"84ae6f72-8a3b-470c-9507-c074da007bae","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c881","text":"Scholarly societies should explore the redistribution of funds to better support open.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"scholarly societies","subject":"redistribution of funds","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Scholarly societies: Educate constituencies on the \nbenefits of open, explore consolidation and other ways \nto increase efficiencies, and explore the redistribution of \nfunds to better support open.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c882","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/a59c778efafe498a","nativeRecordCid":"fe2218ba-525a-49e8-95bd-9f8695024c12","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c882","text":"Common ground refers to a simple framework in which the scholarly communication community sees common interests, criteria, purpose, and goals, and identifies ways to work together across divides on solutions that help every member of the community succeed.","kind":"definitional","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"common ground","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The common denominator is this: \ncommon ground isn’t a complex, solu-\ntion-riddled landscape but a simple \nframework where the scholarly commu-\nnication community sees common inter-\nests, criteria, purpose and goals, and \nidentifies ways to work together across \ndivides on solutions that help every \nmember of the community succeed \nthrough better understanding, better \nsupport, and recognition of a multitude \nof different efforts aimed at advancing \nthe community’s needs.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c883","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/d1eb9e757faa42a6","nativeRecordCid":"4ab0abd1-4c82-4015-9266-76cd3c542ef1","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c883","text":"Progress on scholarly communication reform does not require immediate agreement on every solution or dwelling on past divisions.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"progress on scholarly communication reform","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"One important lesson we have drawn \nfrom this work is that don’t need to \nagree on every solution right away \nor dwell on the years of divisions in \nthis space in order to make progress.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c884","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/5cce57797264431d","nativeRecordCid":"49c9c80e-2fc6-40a8-a221-29dfd3586648","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c884","text":"There is tremendous energy and enthusiasm for reform in the scholarly communication community.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"scholarly communication community","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Focusing instead on the positives and \nthe common elements in this space—the \ntremendous energy and enthusiasm for \nreform, the number of people and orga-\nnizations working on reform, our com-\nmon commitment to solving pressing \nissues, and our common vision for the \nfuture—it is clear that this community \nhas the capacity to build for the future \non common ground.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c885","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/785a49639f7d4214","nativeRecordCid":"54ac2961-6864-41d9-98a8-5f3b6f94bef8","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c885","text":"There are a large number of people and organizations working on scholarly communication reform.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"scholarly communication reform","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Focusing instead on the positives and \nthe common elements in this space—the \ntremendous energy and enthusiasm for \nreform, the number of people and orga-\nnizations working on reform, our com-\nmon commitment to solving pressing \nissues, and our common vision for the \nfuture—it is clear that this community \nhas the capacity to build for the future \non common ground.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c886","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/b0e0e3757c40450a","nativeRecordCid":"1f12ae43-1729-459d-a92a-29024db4cf75","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c886","text":"The scholarly communication community has a common commitment to solving pressing issues.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"scholarly communication community","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Focusing instead on the positives and \nthe common elements in this space—the \ntremendous energy and enthusiasm for \nreform, the number of people and orga-\nnizations working on reform, our com-\nmon commitment to solving pressing \nissues, and our common vision for the \nfuture—it is clear that this community \nhas the capacity to build for the future \non common ground.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c887","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/3763007178644e8d","nativeRecordCid":"8560c878-8729-4d9c-8d15-378d897be944","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c887","text":"The scholarly communication community has a common vision for the future.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"scholarly communication community","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Focusing instead on the positives and \nthe common elements in this space—the \ntremendous energy and enthusiasm for \nreform, the number of people and orga-\nnizations working on reform, our com-\nmon commitment to solving pressing \nissues, and our common vision for the \nfuture—it is clear that this community \nhas the capacity to build for the future \non common ground.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c888","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/db4adf2c49bf4add","nativeRecordCid":"c533e5f9-0475-4376-9935-8b40d9ec2f1e","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c888","text":"The scholarly communication community has the capacity to build for the future on common ground.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"scholarly communication community","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Focusing instead on the positives and \nthe common elements in this space—the \ntremendous energy and enthusiasm for \nreform, the number of people and orga-\nnizations working on reform, our com-\nmon commitment to solving pressing \nissues, and our common vision for the \nfuture—it is clear that this community \nhas the capacity to build for the future \non common ground.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c889","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/c6d3a853d4b446ac","nativeRecordCid":"604364fe-3597-4e9d-a1c8-2b7ab9bba22b","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c889","text":"Successful solutions require broad collaboration.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"","subject":"successful solutions","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"It was stated in the body of this paper that most of the participants in OSI have concluded that four main beliefs define \nthe common ground in this space:(1) Research and society will benefit from open done right; (2) Successful solutions \nwill require broad collaboration; (3) Connected issues need to be addressed, and (4) Open isn’t a single outcome, but a \nspectrum.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c890","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/b51502c3ff4e4dde","nativeRecordCid":"aa6c0f22-8000-4d02-ba4a-3c8af80a5d95","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c890","text":"Connected issues must be addressed.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"","subject":"connected issues","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"It was stated in the body of this paper that most of the participants in OSI have concluded that four main beliefs define \nthe common ground in this space:(1) Research and society will benefit from open done right; (2) Successful solutions \nwill require broad collaboration; (3) Connected issues need to be addressed, and (4) Open isn’t a single outcome, but a \nspectrum.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c891","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/e0fddfb812864a94","nativeRecordCid":"149bad4b-136a-45b7-98a8-e1b718a2346a","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c891","text":"This flexibility is a natural outcome of how open has evolved in the scholarly communication community.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"flexibility of the term open","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"This flexibility is a natural outcome of how open has evolved in the scholarly \ncommunication community.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c892","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/76616cabc90e4daf","nativeRecordCid":"37c47160-b4b0-40dc-a8fd-661408a7da21","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c892","text":"Open exists along a spectrum of outcomes, with wide variation according to discoverability, accessibility, reusability, transparency, and sustainability.","kind":"definitional","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"open","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"open \nactually exists along a spectrum of outcomes, with wide variation according to discoverability, accessibility, reus-\nability, transparency, and sustainability (DARTS).","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c893","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/17075f9dfa18487e","nativeRecordCid":"546f12f5-248b-4372-b7bb-bf2e41a423c0","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c893","text":"Keeping the DARTS spectrum in mind can help the community recognize that open and open access are highly variable terms.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"DARTS spectrum","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Keeping the DARTS spectrum in mind can help the community \nrecognize that open and open access are highly variable terms","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c894","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/f0053199ba634d5b","nativeRecordCid":"e9d6393b-3834-4b3b-8808-8e1f5099d8a5","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c894","text":"When two groups advocate for more open, they may actually be supporting entirely different outcomes.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"advocacy for open","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"when two groups advocate for more open, \nthey may actually be supporting entirely different outcomes.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c895","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/d3cab7d70c6240ae","nativeRecordCid":"98991b98-5170-417d-8148-8d6b61a662f0","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c895","text":"The easy solution is not necessarily the correct solution for achieving open outcomes.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"solutions for achieving open","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The easy solution isn’t necessarily going to be \nthe correct solution.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c896","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/f8a118456d8947f2","nativeRecordCid":"87ad1d99-186a-4f5a-a52b-37bdad469d06","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c896","text":"Researchers should avoid using Beall's list when conducting research into predatory publishing.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"researchers","subject":"Beall's list","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Avoid Beall’s list. Do not use this list when \nconducting research into predatory publishing.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c897","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/9929857edba440b8","nativeRecordCid":"f5550849-bbb7-42bc-bb5e-0f1d172d9874","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c897","text":"There is significant overlap in perspectives within the scholarly communication community.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"scholarly communication community perspectives","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"but also significant over-\nlap in our perspectives.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c898","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/3fb2fc6cbcb34678","nativeRecordCid":"2081313b-1b82-44a0-aa0a-abb8bf63ae10","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c898","text":"There is a lot of mistrust in the scholarly communication system.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"scholarly communication system","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"There is a lot of mistrust in the scholarly communication \nsystem which has been so polarized for so long.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c899","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/319536a422ab40ed","nativeRecordCid":"c3d6e71c-8924-4112-9046-cfa62efd8986","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c899","text":"The scholarly communication system has been polarized for a long time.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"scholarly communication system","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"There is a lot of mistrust in the scholarly communication \nsystem which has been so polarized for so long.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c900","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/b278d0e4c9ca4ee7","nativeRecordCid":"e407e857-35be-4b38-863e-0954354d017a","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c900","text":"Researchers should be careful not to generalize from one field to another regarding the impact and suitability of open practices.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"researchers","subject":"generalizing across fields","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Be careful not to \ngeneralize from one field to another with regard to the impact of open, the suitability of \nopen practices, and more.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c901","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/eb05e3732405403a","nativeRecordCid":"df79c61e-890c-488a-aac7-49776f2b7e72","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c901","text":"There is a lot of uncertainty in this field.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"uncertainty in this field","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"there’s \na lot of it in this field.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c902","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/d6835bac9f2b4498","nativeRecordCid":"4a3c9e5c-7f16-4179-bedf-b9da77ce3099","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c902","text":"Researchers should make sure their measures do not discriminate against organizations by size, disciplinary mix, language, wealth, age, and geography.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"researchers","subject":"measures and discrimination","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"making sure your \nmeasures don’t discriminate against organizations by size, disciplinary mix, language, \nwealth, age and geography","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c903","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/b951be79c786445c","nativeRecordCid":"1b50590b-bceb-454e-8f67-89286e2aed4b","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c903","text":"Researchers should make sure that indicators have a clear relationship with and are sensitive to what's being measured.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"researchers","subject":"indicators","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"making \nsure that indicators have a clear relationship with and are sensitive to what’s \nbeing measured.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c904","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/c76924e1a8e44eb8","nativeRecordCid":"11dc13f5-d5e4-4c7b-be3e-c22cc1bb91db","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c904","text":"Researchers should be wary of data from predatory journals.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"researchers","subject":"predatory journal data","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Be wary of data from \npredatory journals.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c905","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/0449da14f24f4575","nativeRecordCid":"b2632b40-c924-45b2-b037-aeede446baae","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c905","text":"Improving the quality of research in this field is important.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"quality of research in this field","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Improving the quality of research is also \nimportant.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c906","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/3f15349c56364e59","nativeRecordCid":"b7c38303-e639-46da-af19-7f5755295c76","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c906","text":"Too much research in this field is subpar.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"research in this field","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Too much of it is subpar, using bad data sets (like Beall’s list), making unwarranted extrapolations (e.g., \ndrawing conclusion about all journals based on a sample from Scopus), or inadequately defining terms (e.g., “open” \nmeans different things to different people).","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c907","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/6696729241934061","nativeRecordCid":"11bc8f42-b74d-46f2-93e3-bfa3015627ef","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c907","text":"Researchers should not conclude that a journal is high quality just because it claims to be peer reviewed, indexed, or have a high impact factor.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"researchers","subject":"journal quality assumptions","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"don’t conclude that just because a journal claims to be peer reviewed, indexed, or have \na high impact factor that it must be quality","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c908","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/52afac01395941d0","nativeRecordCid":"9c3ba2ef-c068-494f-8f34-1e331e354529","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c908","text":"Researchers should endeavor to make their data more usable and comparable.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"researchers","subject":"data usability","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Therefore, in order to help improve our knowledge of this field, researchers \nshould endeavor to make their data more usable and comparable.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c909","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/1a6decbf15c4489c","nativeRecordCid":"20be5710-7c31-494f-91d4-b2a3ec814e8c","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c909","text":"Beall's list is not and has never been transparent.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"Beall's list","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"This list is not now \nnor was it ever transparent.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c910","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/32a04f8040f44965","nativeRecordCid":"e498c672-aae0-4091-8250-b935643c738d","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c910","text":"What passes for Beall's list nowadays is an anonymous update of an old, flawed list.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"Beall's list","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"what passes for Beall’s list nowadays is an anonymous update of an old, \nflawed list.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c911","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/65339c318b7440ee","nativeRecordCid":"b955e9d3-f458-475b-913a-0091f4f78b69","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c911","text":"Researchers should use Cabell's list instead of Beall's list.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"researchers","subject":"Cabell's list","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Use Cabell’s list instead.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c912","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/402996e4466a4e57","nativeRecordCid":"71583979-2e67-4a85-93c7-c01ae7b058f3","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c912","text":"Cabell's list is not free.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"Cabell's list","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"It isn’t free, but it is transparent.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c913","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/4b79f65e62734c04","nativeRecordCid":"4b5a270f-da75-474e-b8f2-d3ddc1d5c05d","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c913","text":"Cabell's list is transparent.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"Cabell's list","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"It isn’t free, but it is transparent.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c914","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/7fb2e3face214cdb","nativeRecordCid":"1475eb0b-d7ed-49a9-9dcd-e62bc23c3b29","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c914","text":"'Deceptive' publishing is a more accurate name than 'predatory' publishing.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"deceptive vs predatory publishing","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"“deceptive” publishing \nis a more accurate name than “predatory”","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c915","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/a19b034fc00a489a","nativeRecordCid":"9bc1c6f3-ccca-43c3-8a2c-a0808b73d99b","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c915","text":"Researchers should carefully define what they mean by 'open' and 'open access' in their research work.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"researchers","subject":"defining open","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Carefully define what you mean by “open” and “open access” in your research work.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c916","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/a3c0d3e4a7164219","nativeRecordCid":"df446c5c-ae20-41d8-ba5c-e749f56ab298","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c916","text":"'Open' and 'open access' have a wide variety of definitions and uses.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"open and open access terms","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"These two \nterms have a wide variety of definitions and uses","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c917","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/28a80be2a41844ac","nativeRecordCid":"3e530fa0-0652-4f40-ad6a-73d814a9b44a","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c917","text":"There is no consensus definition or use of 'open' and 'open access' that holds up across the scholarly communication community.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"open and open access consensus","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"there is no consensus definition and/or use that holds up in \nall parts of the scholarly communication community","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c918","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/abe38cf07f0c473d","nativeRecordCid":"4f7c5218-d160-40e6-bfed-d8f80108f9c5","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c918","text":"Researchers should follow best research practices.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"researchers","subject":"best research practices","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Follow best research practices.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c919","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/c4c913b5af6045a1","nativeRecordCid":"53b7bb45-bad3-4214-8045-385307c31390","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c919","text":"Following best research practices in this field can be challenging due to bias, missing information, and a rapidly-changing information landscape.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"best research practices in this field","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Doing so in this field can be challenging for several reasons—bias, missing \ninformation, a rapidly-changing information landscape, and more.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c920","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/406e26195c2441b2","nativeRecordCid":"4f78c0b3-2e44-4426-a17d-9bdae10f1fbe","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c920","text":"Researchers should try to find the most definitive figures when discussing how much open exists.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"researchers","subject":"figures on open prevalence","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Try to find the most definitive figures when talking about how much open exists.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c921","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/36fb63c0bf3d425d","nativeRecordCid":"073b3a6d-7cba-4078-8d66-387491d7df00","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c921","text":"Different fields and institutions have different characteristics, norms, missions, and needs.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"fields and institutions","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"recognize that different fields and institutions have different character-\nistics, norms, missions, needs, and so on.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c922","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/cfdd2cb35a704b28","nativeRecordCid":"7f2d989d-083c-408a-a5bc-5b4d325f8c4c","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c922","text":"One-size-fits-all measures and analyses of open practices are too broad.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"measures and analyses of open practices","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"One-size-fits-all measures and analyses are too broad","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c923","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/be4931843604437a","nativeRecordCid":"8f376a04-68b8-43d5-a673-6e4b9e9da9e5","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c923","text":"Many analyses in this field suffer from confirmation bias.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"analyses in this field","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Quite a few analyses in this field suffer from confirmation bias","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c924","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/01b6d88b8ae44382","nativeRecordCid":"4939dd4f-d8f6-482c-8212-b1ec420e511c","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c924","text":"Many analyses in this field read more like position papers than research.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"analyses in this field","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"and read more like position \npapers than research.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c925","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/cb6d5a84f0364e51","nativeRecordCid":"e017e560-19e7-4343-a9d1-1a476754cee5","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c925","text":"Many analyses bias the reader by using inflammatory language or by twisting data.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"analyses in this field","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Many analyses also bias the reader by using inflammatory language, or by twisting \ndata.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c926","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/1ab554975946478c","nativeRecordCid":"71d69be3-2758-47c9-9838-fea0ba35b1fd","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c926","text":"This bias occurs on all sides of the open debate.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"open debate bias","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"This happens on both/all “sides” of the open debate","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c927","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/008e7783e958424d","nativeRecordCid":"56594bb3-9d64-4d27-adda-4aa2c49cee47","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c927","text":"Researchers should be honest about uncertainty in this field.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"researchers","subject":"uncertainty in this field","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Be honest about uncertainty","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c928","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/9db1c1b52faa4104","nativeRecordCid":"93a5ce39-43a0-4096-8db9-20563a97df9a","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c928","text":"Researchers should make sure that collection and analysis methods pass tests of scientific rigor.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"researchers","subject":"scientific rigor","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"making sure that collection and analysis methods pass tests \nof scientific rigor","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c929","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/24c74471e43548db","nativeRecordCid":"b8133fcf-c4af-4385-bd3c-0bb567f6bc07","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c929","text":"There are many more journals today than there were 20 years ago.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"number of journals","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"There are a many more journals today than just 20 years ago","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c930","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/97c301605f6d429b","nativeRecordCid":"89a8a4d7-cdcc-4d8a-823d-7eeb7231b0a2","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c930","text":"Not all journals are of equally high quality.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"journal quality","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"not all are of equally high quality.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c931","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/543e6a78736d4772","nativeRecordCid":"fae010b8-22fa-4cfd-925b-42ee695e123e","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c931","text":"There are many different types of indexes, many of which serve no gatekeeping function.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"types of indexes","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"there are many different types of indexes (many which serve no gatekeeping function)","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c932","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/6108b58b779e4577","nativeRecordCid":"e8229b8b-0d60-4ca5-90e6-71d1d1798a06","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c932","text":"There are different interpretations of peer review, some akin to just copyediting.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"peer review interpretations","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"dif-\nferent interpretations of peer review (some akin to just copyediting)","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c933","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/c869f80deef041b5","nativeRecordCid":"aee01347-2c39-4f9a-b9c7-e63bd7d8341c","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c933","text":"Predatory publishers use several bogus impact factor measures.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"predatory publishers","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"several bogus impact factor measures \nthat predatory publishers use.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c934","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/d07824c4a0324fd9","nativeRecordCid":"ba037e02-1e8c-415a-a608-4866923b0379","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c934","text":"Researchers should be careful when comparing samples between different indexes.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"researchers","subject":"comparing indexes","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Be careful when comparing samples between different indexes.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c935","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/7cb40a1675f04940","nativeRecordCid":"f005f9c0-3dce-4feb-8321-6b9daaf520ab","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c935","text":"Different indexes have different product concentrations, such as Scopus compared to WoS and DOAJ.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"index product concentration","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Scopus has a \ndifferent product concentration than WoS, which is different than DOAJ, and so on.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c936","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/367b119f7c0a4dbc","nativeRecordCid":"27955247-6548-4376-9412-5512909313a7","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c936","text":"Researchers should not conclude that the percentage of open journals in one index applies to all journals generally.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"researchers","subject":"generalizing from one index","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"don’t con-\nclude that since x% of journals in Scopus are open, that therefore x% of all journals are open.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c937","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/f7ceff7501664597","nativeRecordCid":"208c6ae7-c716-4a1f-b8dc-8ea953711a89","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c937","text":"There is significant agreement amongst all stakeholders on which scholarly communication issues need to be addressed and why.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"agreement among stakeholders on issues","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"There is significant agreement amongst all stakeholders on which scholarly communication issues need to be ad-\ndressed and why.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c938","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/cd07b625785341ab","nativeRecordCid":"a658f2a7-e584-4f1f-aa1b-806f208a7a09","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c938","text":"Barriers must be broken down and pathways simplified to enable more open adoption.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"the scholarly communication community","subject":"barriers and pathways to open adoption","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"We need to clarify messages about open and break down barriers and \nsimplify pathways to more open adoption.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c939","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/cf3ad69faa5e4f78","nativeRecordCid":"a00a1750-92fa-4306-bd34-15a2abf7884d","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c939","text":"Funding should stop being aligned primarily behind one-size-fits-all open solutions.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"the scholarly communication community","subject":"funding for open solutions","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"As a \ncommunity, we need to stop aligning our funding primarily behind one-size-fits-all solutions, and instead fund a \nwider variety of approaches for a variety of actors and audiences.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c940","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/7dbddaf564dd4a64","nativeRecordCid":"0d8df8ba-7988-4f6c-86dc-c250339763e0","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c940","text":"Funding should instead support a wider variety of approaches for a variety of actors and audiences.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"the scholarly communication community","subject":"funding for open approaches","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"As a \ncommunity, we need to stop aligning our funding primarily behind one-size-fits-all solutions, and instead fund a \nwider variety of approaches for a variety of actors and audiences.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c941","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/8ae698ce753d4bc8","nativeRecordCid":"cca29e01-f6a6-4462-86f1-97d3ff4aea96","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c941","text":"The community should work to fund and conduct studies to fill in gaps in the understanding of scholarly communication.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"the scholarly communication community","subject":"studies on scholarly communication","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"We should work as a \ncommunity to fund and conduct studies to fill in these information gaps.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c942","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/d5e7d4f35e904f8a","nativeRecordCid":"493e8269-8e12-4543-85c1-6cb00256e114","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c942","text":"The community should continue to promote areas of mutual interest and benefit between HSS and science disciplines.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"the scholarly communication community","subject":"HSS and science disciplines","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"This said, while we can \ndevelop better tailored solutions (or disciplines can develop their own), we should also continue to promote areas \nof mutual interest and benefit.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c943","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/60060c9c87ee4f74","nativeRecordCid":"6e1bdf79-70bf-4727-b1e2-35e40d35cad0","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c943","text":"Disciplines can develop better tailored open solutions of their own.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"disciplines and tailored open solutions","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"This said, while we can \ndevelop better tailored solutions (or disciplines can develop their own), we should also continue to promote areas \nof mutual interest and benefit.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c944","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/3e5453663d104799","nativeRecordCid":"93247986-f4f0-4b41-b647-1e761357557d","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c944","text":"There is a need in the marketplace for new legitimate impact factor solutions.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"","subject":"impact factor solutions","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"there is a need in the marketplace for new solutions \nthat are legitimate.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c945","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/bfb4086c6b7a4c46","nativeRecordCid":"8b9ea447-ba0c-4235-aea2-68ce421ed509","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c945","text":"The global community should work with WIPO, NISO, and other relevant organizations to create IP literacy materials for the research community.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"the global community","subject":"IP literacy materials","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The global community should work with WIPO, NISO, and other relevant organizations to establish \nnew global standards for open IP and create IP literacy materials for the research community.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c946","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/628d837de51c4525","nativeRecordCid":"2c4e7cb5-8b13-465f-9039-6c5fa58b39f7","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c946","text":"The community as it experiments with peer review needs to be supported.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"the scholarly communication community","subject":"community experimenting with peer review","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"We also need to \nstudy the effectiveness of different models and support the community as it experiments.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c947","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/c61217a3dca34abb","nativeRecordCid":"13171e0d-dc7f-4b81-8af5-da972d288971","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c947","text":"The right questions need to be asked and the best solutions pursued regarding institutional repositories.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"the scholarly communication community","subject":"institutional repositories","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"We need \nto better understand the challenges ahead and ensure we’re asking the right questions and pursuing the best \nsolutions.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c948","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/9761638f45a8457d","nativeRecordCid":"42e613cb-d966-4192-91f7-5259767a097d","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c948","text":"Many issues in scholarly communication would benefit from a standards-based approach, including what is considered open, what publishers should do, and what best practices researchers should follow.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"standards-based approaches","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"There are many issues in this space that would benefit from a standards-based approach—from \nwhat we consider to be “open” (here again, many in OSI encourage recognition of the entire open spectrum) to \nwhat publishers should do, what best practices researchers should follow (beyond DORA), and much more.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c949","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/81403e01f61645b9","nativeRecordCid":"c6338908-5764-451e-be31-1c99bb145236","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c949","text":"Many within OSI encourage recognition of the entire open spectrum.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"OSI members and the open spectrum","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"many in OSI encourage recognition of the entire open spectrum","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c950","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/2b5040c0b91044b1","nativeRecordCid":"669d8aeb-6038-4691-a445-2a1ee52a2f31","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c950","text":"The community should work to narrow the affordability gap in scholarly communication.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"the scholarly communication community","subject":"affordability gap","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"There is much work we can do as a community to encourage more openness in universities and \npublic sector institutions, better address the wide variety of research-related needs and concerns that emanate \nfrom the vast diversity and asymmetries of the scholarly communication environment (such as indexing, stan-\ndards, and promotion and tenure practices), and narrowing the affordability gap.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c951","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/0a9f47c2cdc24046","nativeRecordCid":"d175d9c3-bc62-4715-bb11-06137e1c1505","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c951","text":"There are no databases of article processing charges (APCs) or subscription discounts or subsidies.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"APC and subscription discount databases","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"There are no databases of article processing charges (APCs) or subscription \ndiscounts or subsidies.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c952","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/3a6d52f74897432f","nativeRecordCid":"8021a8c9-f5dc-4bdb-ba68-1bb876e20647","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c952","text":"Researchers looking for APC charges, discounts or subsidies need to search for these one at a time.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"researchers searching for APC information","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Researchers looking for charges, discounts or subsidies need to search for these one at a time.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c953","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/e7eb01cb38a141b0","nativeRecordCid":"8aabcc4e-d221-4576-a956-2acf29dcf67b","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c953","text":"Uneven progress toward open has resulted in the unavailability of legitimate impact factors for all journals because not all journals are indexed.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"impact factors for journals","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"One of the consequences of our uneven progress toward open is the \nunavailability of legitimate impact factors for all journals (because not all journals are indexed),","representedInStars":false}
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{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c955","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/e5f3377b26f94c7b","nativeRecordCid":"feae9822-6f69-4f9c-a444-ba7a5f3d76bc","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c955","text":"Scholars do not shop around for the best prices on APCs.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"scholars and APC pricing","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Several recent studies have confirmed (Tenopir 2017) that scholars do not shop \naround for the best prices on APCs.","representedInStars":false}
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{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c967","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/a2c682eaef264116","nativeRecordCid":"d5e4d97d-fa03-482b-8c8f-5e71427fe118","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c967","text":"The All-Scholarship Repository enables real-time and transparent impact measurement via downloads, views, comments and reader scores.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"All-Scholarship Repository","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"real-time and transparent impact mea-\nsurement (via downloads, views, comments and reader scores),","representedInStars":false}
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{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c970","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/56c0e057763c49c8","nativeRecordCid":"ab8f3cab-f3fb-4fe8-9eea-183bdd8d00cc","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c970","text":"Very little definitive is known about deceptive/predatory publishing.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"predatory publishing","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Very little definitive is known about this phenome-\nnon,","representedInStars":false}
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{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c972","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/7bf2d4130fb24964","nativeRecordCid":"c2ff3721-ac89-40ca-a9b6-bd78789fcfe0","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c972","text":"Impact factors are one of the most destructive measures used in science today.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"impact factors","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Impact factors are one of the most destructive measures used in science today (OSI 2016a, \nBosman 2013).","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c973","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/1a99044532b04e14","nativeRecordCid":"864f5030-0c4a-40d4-bfab-3014f5b82c9a","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c973","text":"Impact factors are one of the most important and widely used measures in science today.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"impact factors","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"They are also one of the most important and widely used.","representedInStars":true}
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{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c975","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/98695a1d8e5a4217","nativeRecordCid":"5bb5e6b0-30df-464e-8cba-ef70a9a71ae5","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c975","text":"There is increasing sloppiness in the scholarly publishing system.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"scholarly publishing system","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"There is also increasing sloppiness in the system","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c976","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/333d3db95f5e41ea","nativeRecordCid":"bb083029-e56b-4374-bada-774d7570870b","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c976","text":"High-impact-factor work translates into promotions and grants.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"impact factors and academic careers","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"but we also know that high impact factor work translates into promotions and grants.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c977","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/ac0aa8c530854e5d","nativeRecordCid":"614185a3-8db9-4b31-af92-1ef0afdc08d1","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c977","text":"Publishing in high-impact-factor journals is incorrectly seen as a proxy for quality, relevance and impact.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"high-impact-factor journals","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"publishing in high impact factor \njournals is seen (incorrectly) as a proxy for quality, relevance and impact.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c978","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/92ea37c059244c9f","nativeRecordCid":"af6cbc46-ac3d-418f-acc1-aaae93159252","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c978","text":"Studies trying to measure the OA citation advantage have reached different conclusions to date.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"OA citation advantage studies","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"but \nstudies trying to measure even this one statistic have reached different conclusions to-date.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c979","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/a71c2a53d31d45bc","nativeRecordCid":"0866eec2-5037-4144-9f07-a3fb4c72b735","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c979","text":"Reforms must be worked on as a community because there are many different and equally valid interests and stakes.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"the scholarly communication community","subject":"reforms in scholarly communication","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"that we work on reforms as a community since there are so many different and equally valid interests \nand stake,","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c980","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/248f5cc4f6c9467e","nativeRecordCid":"ff86074f-c811-4c87-87bb-a59fcffac8af","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c980","text":"Publish or perish has been the norm in academia for decades.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"publish or perish norm","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Publish or perish has been the norm in academia for decades now.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c981","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/44955057fd9e4368","nativeRecordCid":"d91963fc-bccc-4638-9b6f-124701955a0f","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c981","text":"The publish-or-perish dynamic is not abating and is instead accelerating.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"publish or perish dynamic","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"This dynamic is not abat-\ning; indeed, it’s accelerating (Plume 2014).","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c982","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/ef19c6b793ec497b","nativeRecordCid":"f947c226-1b52-4224-89b6-f5240d519193","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c982","text":"Various influences around the world are causing the number of research articles to stay high, such as requiring publishing for a PhD and awarding cash bonuses for publishing in high-impact journals.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"influences on research article output","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Around the world, we see a wide variety of influences that are causing the \nnumber of research articles to stay high, including requiring publishing for a PhD (India), awarding cash bonuses for \npublishing in high-impact journals (in China; Montgomery 2018), and more.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c983","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/204a7a16e59b4a93","nativeRecordCid":"a1da20a7-3025-40f9-a6cc-c0b7315f5cdc","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c983","text":"Publishing in predatory journals may not always be noticed or questioned.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"predatory journal publishing","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"wherein publishing in predatory journals may not always be noticed or questioned (Shamseer 2016).","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c984","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/2f11e44a269c4164","nativeRecordCid":"5cd9501e-c55b-428e-9881-ecf6198cc3b2","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c984","text":"A landscape analysis of RPT (research, promotion, and tenure) practices worldwide with regard to publishing is needed.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"OSI","subject":"RPT practices worldwide","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"We need \na landscape analysis of RPT practices worldwide with regard to publishing.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c985","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/53369b610cfd4e1e","nativeRecordCid":"82f1be7f-2bad-4dff-8e6b-b4d92ab5cd73","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c985","text":"These experts are advising the world's most influential institutions.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"OSI experts","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"These experts are advising the world’s most influential institutions,","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c986","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/0fa6a138865b4a1f","nativeRecordCid":"581faa1b-e6a5-4d84-b60e-e3c49b0a88d8","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c986","text":"OSI is advising UNESCO.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"OSI","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"as a group, OSI is advising the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization \n(UNESCO).","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c987","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/90d24e9ceb554812","nativeRecordCid":"912390dc-cbc7-46ad-9813-525906c72916","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c987","text":"OSI's Plan A will help advance the world toward greater open access.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"OSI's Plan A","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"In service to these institutions, and to the global research community, OSI’s Plan A will help advance \nthe world toward greater open access.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c988","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/4189a53456f94233","nativeRecordCid":"5846c83e-3c4f-4e38-8810-9d1d0234373a","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c988","text":"The movement to free information is a global phenomenon that has been transforming culture for decades.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"movement to free information","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The movement to “free” our information is a \nglobal phenomenon that has been transforming culture for decades now.","representedInStars":false}
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{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c990","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/a96b704cfa984c63","nativeRecordCid":"42b81b00-75db-4e3c-83ab-3fafee7e474f","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c990","text":"The pressures of the movement to free information have led to unintended consequences, such as the rise of fake news and the death of newspapers.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"movement to free information","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"These pressures have \nled to massive innovation, but also unintended consequences, like the rise of fake news and the \ndeath of newspapers.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c991","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/1fcba272131f4b5b","nativeRecordCid":"b83a9a4a-57e7-408e-8d73-54ef3c8682a4","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c991","text":"Changes made to research communication must be well considered.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"","subject":"changes to research communication","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"It is therefore vital that the changes we make to research communication \nare well considered","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c992","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/76f1ef7a20e74158","nativeRecordCid":"cb0cc49f-cbde-4cd7-96d2-17f49f3902a2","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c992","text":"Approaches to making research more open must be developed carefully and in close collaboration with the research community.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"the scholarly communication community","subject":"approaches to open research reform","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"our \napproaches to this challenge must be developed carefully and in close collaboration with the research community.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c993","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/9dcf037880454d0a","nativeRecordCid":"8854c904-3b2a-41dc-85a7-adbd0dc7d268","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c993","text":"The facts behind reform proposals must be fully understood.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"","subject":"reform proposals","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"that we fully understand the facts behind our reform proposals,","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c994","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/25f992020f2f4089","nativeRecordCid":"7de9d083-db24-4f99-a1c3-beeaa5680858","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c994","text":"Common interests must be understood in order to work together toward common goals and an open research future that is rich, robust, and sustainable.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"the scholarly communication community","subject":"common interests in scholarly communication","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"and that we understand our common interests and so we can work together toward \nour common goals and strive for an open research future that is rich, robust, and sustainable.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c995","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/35db69dd75704c1e","nativeRecordCid":"5979f627-5580-465e-a346-9760ff32d295","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c995","text":"The international scholarly communication community should discover critical missing pieces of the open scholarship puzzle so that open reforms can be designed more effectively.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"the international scholarly communication community","subject":"open scholarship puzzle","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"1. DISCOVER critical missing pieces of the open scholarship puzzle so we can design our open \nreforms more effectively;","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c996","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/66a6e6f53e994be0","nativeRecordCid":"b6426696-f6ac-4661-b9f2-19303b888bf1","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c996","text":"The international scholarly communication community should design, build and deploy an array of much-needed open infrastructure tools to help accelerate the spread and adoption of open scholarship practices.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"the international scholarly communication community","subject":"open infrastructure tools","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"2. DESIGN, build and deploy an array of much need open infrastructure tools to help accelerate \nthe spread and adoption of open scholarship practices;","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c997","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/1580cacc800f4ef5","nativeRecordCid":"04a3621a-be85-41f6-a72b-0611c7b6dae5","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c997","text":"The international scholarly communication community should work together on finding common-ground solutions that address key issues and concerns.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"the international scholarly communication community","subject":"common ground solutions","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"3. WORK TOGETHER on finding common ground perspectives solutions that address key issues \nand concerns (see OSI’s “Common Ground” policy paper for more detail); and","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c998","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/d86942b4f42b445b","nativeRecordCid":"3d09ad9d-1044-4121-834b-1f14d21d514b","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c998","text":"The community should work and contribute together, including publishers, in pursuing these actions.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"the scholarly communication community","subject":"collective work on open reforms","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"1. Work and contribute together (everyone, including publishers);","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c999","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/cd0f2d6e2a1a4ede","nativeRecordCid":"22ddcd95-40c6-4dc7-b38f-5a717fec87ec","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c999","text":"The community should work on all pieces of the puzzle to clear a path for open to succeed.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"the scholarly communication community","subject":"pieces of the open scholarship puzzle","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"2. Work on all pieces of the puzzle so we can clear a path for open to succeed;","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c1000","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/d4fecc9d527b4916","nativeRecordCid":"21d0f9af-d171-4abf-a4b5-5106b4c259e0","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c1000","text":"The community should discover missing pieces of information to ensure efforts are evidence-based.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"the scholarly communication community","subject":"missing information for evidence-based efforts","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"3. Discover missing pieces of information to ensure our efforts are evidence-based;","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c1001","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/31fd2a4599b44b02","nativeRecordCid":"d5d6bfec-187a-447f-9e15-739c899cceb5","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c1001","text":"The community should embrace diversity.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"the scholarly communication community","subject":"diversity of perspectives in the community","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"4. Embrace diversity.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c1002","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/9785798a828f4eee","nativeRecordCid":"766e981a-64f8-4257-9d7c-ec4a01429226","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c1002","text":"The scholarly communication community should develop new infrastructure items together and reasonably quickly.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"the scholarly communication community","subject":"developing new open science infrastructure","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Our community should develop these items together, and reasonably quickly, so reforms can be more easily adopted and the scholarly \ncommunication landscape can be more quickly and easily improved and maintained.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c1003","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/5eb7dcd5ea674167","nativeRecordCid":"4db3060d-97f9-4d99-9e07-464fcbae13ce","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c1003","text":"The community should develop big-picture agreement on the goals ahead and common-ground approaches to meet these goals.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"the scholarly communication community","subject":"big-picture agreement on goals","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"5. Develop big picture agreement on the goals ahead and common ground approaches to meet \nthese goals; and","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c1004","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/b520d6678f9a411c","nativeRecordCid":"80a6cc85-5b53-434c-a1c0-95534368b273","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c1004","text":"The community's work in this space should be common-goal oriented, accountable, equitable, sustainable, transparent, understandable, and responsive to the research community.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"the scholarly communication community","subject":"the community's work on open reform","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Plan A also recommends that the community’s work in this space be common-goal oriented, account-\nable, equitable, sustainable, transparent, understandable, and responsive to the research community.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c1005","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/b0b1fc6567d8401e","nativeRecordCid":"fe20f7a8-ea55-4782-9c48-c49111aee637","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c1005","text":"Research must be made more open so that society can benefit more from research.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"","subject":"openness of research","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"While it is important to make research more open so society can benefit more from research,","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c1006","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/619beeed4994454a","nativeRecordCid":"55ff1649-92ab-48a9-90ed-c4a6e0020ddc","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c1006","text":"A better understanding of the scholarly communication landscape needs to be developed.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"the scholarly communication community","subject":"scholarly communication landscape understanding","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"We need to develop a better understanding of the scholarly communication landscape.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c1007","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/3e62c3703f6e4b41","nativeRecordCid":"3de3c813-ad58-49b4-8cfd-2b001b078a8a","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c1007","text":"The global scholarly communication community needs new infrastructure items—products, services, tools, websites, and other resources—that will help encourage, achieve, sustain and monitor reforms in scholarly communication.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"the global scholarly communication community","subject":"new scholarly communication infrastructure","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The global scholarly communication community needs new \ninfrastructure items—products, services, tools, websites, and other resources—that will help \nencourage, achieve, sustain and monitor reforms in this space.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c1008","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/dfc926e492bc4ffc","nativeRecordCid":"d5723acf-8e7e-46c7-bc00-9cd333571eef","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c1008","text":"The development and deployment of an APC price comparator tool would need to proceed with care.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"","subject":"development and deployment of an APC price comparator tool","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The development and deployment of this tool would need to proceed with care.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c1009","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/08a9d5ee3a894a21","nativeRecordCid":"1212fd22-728e-4d67-98ed-e119f7c26f8f","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c1009","text":"APC price shopping may not exist yet simply because there is no tool to help facilitate it.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"APC price shopping","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"APC price shopping may not exist yet simply because there is no tool to help facilitate this","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c1010","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/0605089476084213","nativeRecordCid":"8d550eef-b3f6-4680-b09b-c9b314d9dcb2","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c1010","text":"Price is a factor in authors' journal selection, but authors care more about quality and impact than price.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"authors' priorities in journal selection","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"surveys have shown that authors care more about quality and im-\npact than price","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c1011","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/3bd6441928944b74","nativeRecordCid":"e097b400-f620-48d2-b87b-6ba10230393e","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c1011","text":"An APC price comparator tool might be of service to the global scholarly communication community.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"an APC price comparator tool","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"An APC price comparator tool might therefore be of service to the global \nscholarly communication community.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c1012","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/9a8804a5883b44de","nativeRecordCid":"dcfe999b-ad70-480c-b8cc-6b728d09d2f8","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c1012","text":"No APC price comparator tool currently exists.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"APC price comparator tool","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"No such tool currently exists.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c1013","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/4df62365ccd4415e","nativeRecordCid":"5eb8d131-6f68-4ddc-a58a-c483af220409","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c1013","text":"Providing APC price information is valuable.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"provision of APC price information","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"While providing price information is \nvaluable, we don’t want to help promote fake journals either.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c1014","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/f8176d5a8ca546d1","nativeRecordCid":"fde17ee7-3626-4130-97df-35968621275c","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c1014","text":"The scholarly communication community needs some way to better assess, on a regular and comparable basis, how much open exists and where, and where to focus efforts for improvement.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"the scholarly communication community","subject":"assessment of the state of open","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Our community needs some way to better assess, on a regular and comparable basis, how \nmuch open exists and where, and where we need to focus our efforts for more improvement.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c1015","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/c17408c06cd045dd","nativeRecordCid":"e6fc421e-d905-4041-a203-16e00b77fa60","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c1015","text":"Current surveys of the state of open are irregular and don't have a common baseline or common methodology.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"current surveys of the state of open","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"current surveys are irregular and don’t have a common baseline or common \nmethodology","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c1016","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/6d35204c6eb64da6","nativeRecordCid":"133951a0-55b2-4c17-bd47-ab233a800fe7","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c1016","text":"Journals should adopt an editorial policy whereby if a referenced journal does not appear on a whitelist, authors must justify the citation.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"journals","subject":"editorial policy on citing non-whitelisted journals","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Journals will be \nencouraged to adopt an editorial policy whereby if a referenced journal does not appear on a \nwhitelist, then authors must justify the citation.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c1017","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/81abf143c0d34c76","nativeRecordCid":"8521eabd-44a8-4771-8b94-f8c180d0e20f","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c1017","text":"Efforts to connect metadata across institutional and national repositories end up providing only a glimpse into the contents of each repository, not full access to the contents themselves.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"institutional and national repository metadata linking","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"exert herculean and ultimately inadequate efforts to connect \nthe meta data in these repositories (which ends up only providing a glimpse into the contents \nof each repository, not full access to the contents themselves—at least at the moment)","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c1018","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/070ce98f80294dc4","nativeRecordCid":"1d3e8b53-fdcb-4ba4-8f9a-2bdb0dd2943d","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c1018","text":"ASR is architected as a single database with many spokes—independent owner/operator channels through which data can be added and outputs can be customized.","kind":"definitional","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"ASR architecture","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"In terms of architecture, ASR would be single database with many spokes—many \nindependent owner/operator channels through which data can be added and outputs can \nbe customized.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c1019","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/373fb702f90941a0","nativeRecordCid":"7755fe85-24c6-4ce6-b630-c26d46b5262b","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c1019","text":"The central ASR database would be replicated and archived continuously.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"central ASR database","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The central ASR database would be replicated and archived continuously; it \nwould also be cloned by owner/operators.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c1020","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/9814970a11604254","nativeRecordCid":"c2c74464-c1f3-4a9a-85fb-e7522ab80dec","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c1020","text":"The central ASR database would also be cloned by owner/operators.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"central ASR database","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The central ASR database would be replicated and archived continuously; it \nwould also be cloned by owner/operators.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c1021","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/62c37800b3c04e18","nativeRecordCid":"a19cf537-e1d6-4119-a91a-856c63408f9f","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c1021","text":"OSI has accumulated a wealth of knowledge over its four years of operation.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"OSI's accumulated knowledge","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"OSI has accumulated a wealth of knowledge over its four years of operation.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c1022","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/8066dc8f01834413","nativeRecordCid":"549cf4a5-5d12-4921-b63d-c7d8030741e0","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c1022","text":"A variety of one-off education efforts are needed for specific purposes in the scholarly communication space.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"","subject":"education efforts on open scholarship","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"A variety of one-off education efforts are needed for specific purposes—-for instance, to \ncombat predatory publishing through improved awareness of this issue.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c1023","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/45438f569b4d45f2","nativeRecordCid":"22f7493f-f95f-4a5b-acfc-580ea527b38a","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c1023","text":"A variety of \"engagement resources\" are needed for bringing together the scholarly communication community.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"","subject":"engagement resources for the scholarly communication community","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"A variety of “engagement resources” are needed for bringing together the scholarly com-\nmunication community (not events, which are described in the “Common Ground” section).","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c1024","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/f41056ed7a80474b","nativeRecordCid":"f783c17f-7768-4e40-b0a4-1091109e06b8","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c1024","text":"The scholarly communication community needs an annual report on the state of scholarly communication similar to what the STM Association publishes annually on the state of STM publishing.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"the scholarly communication community","subject":"annual report on the state of scholarly communication","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"our community needs an annual report similar to what the STM Association \npublishes annually on the state of STM publishing.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c1025","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/6fe18831f7f04cb7","nativeRecordCid":"2418faa4-eb1c-41d6-8fcb-4dde1988148d","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c1025","text":"There are a number of high priority needs in the outreach/education space for open scholarship.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"outreach/education needs for open scholarship","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"There are a number of high priority needs in this space.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c1026","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/d4ff2c644e684212","nativeRecordCid":"9372a620-919c-4d22-852b-2bfdb375bf5d","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c1026","text":"Funding for open education and engagement projects should focus on projects that provide broad and nonpartisan background on open, not projects that teach a one-sided view of open or trade in negative stereotypes about publishers or other stakeholder groups.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"the Plan A funding group","subject":"criteria for funding open education/engagement projects","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"with a focus on funding projects that provide broad and nonpar-\ntisan background on open (not projects teaching that open looks like x, or trading in negative \nstereotypes about publishers or other stakeholder groups, but projects that teach what open \nmeans to various constituencies, the benefits of open, ways to engage in open, etc.)","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c1027","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/6a1031342eb94087","nativeRecordCid":"6f4bf660-d6b6-4011-aefb-dadc5c845d2b","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c1027","text":"Meetings are needed where all stakeholders can discuss the outlines of a new global roadmap for open scholarship and where diverse groups can work together to better understand the needs, goals and concerns of researchers in different disciplines, fields, labs, regions, institutions, and career stages.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"","subject":"stakeholder meetings on open scholarship roadmap","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Meetings are needed all stakeholders can discuss the outlines of a new global roadmap for \nopen scholarship (both independently and as part of UNESCO’s global roadmap effort), and \nwhere diverse groups can work together to better understand the needs, goals and concerns \nof researchers in different disciplines, fields, labs, regions and institutions, and career stages.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c1028","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/8b6bae7a1b9b4b5f","nativeRecordCid":"bbe3ad85-b107-47a9-8c2a-99c85f1b7d7d","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c1028","text":"Climate science is closed relative to many other fields.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"climate science openness","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Climate science is closed relative to many other fields.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c1029","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/7ec8cba4e41a4864","nativeRecordCid":"8e9bf4df-3c19-4a2d-8a8c-dc2818cd0e08","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c1029","text":"Making climate science more open is critical.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"","subject":"openness of climate science","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Figuring out how to make it more open \nis critical—to enable scientists from all countries and from all fields related to climate science \nto share their data more freely on everything from atmospheric carbon removal technology to \nmethane capture to temperature modeling.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c1030","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/84bb1c3bdc6e4de3","nativeRecordCid":"f3c0ea5c-c4e6-47fd-ad83-7f5aa8f78f6d","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c1030","text":"Conventions are needed to educate business and policy groups about the range of existing tech options for carbon and methane capture.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"","subject":"conventions on carbon/methane capture technology","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Conventions are needed to educate business and policy groups about the range of existing \ntech options for carbon and methane capture.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c1031","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/b3de37cb733a4c72","nativeRecordCid":"25ebf5c9-31e2-4b67-b2a7-dfda545851ad","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c1031","text":"Presentations should take place at climate education conventions on barriers to action, risks of uncoordinated action, and forming international networks for investment and action.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"","subject":"presentations at climate education conventions","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Presentations should also take place at these \nmeetings on barriers to action, risks of uncoordinated action, forming international networks \nfor investment and action, etc.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c1032","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/a5ab66958ee4430b","nativeRecordCid":"11d6b1ec-185b-415e-9811-f21ee3df0e0b","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c1032","text":"Once the data on climate change is clear and the barriers and risks have been assessed, action frameworks can begin taking shape.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"climate change action frameworks","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Once the data is clear and the barriers and risks have been assessed, action frameworks can \nbegin taking shape.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c1033","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/be118a9a6970468a","nativeRecordCid":"c593675e-bafb-4e8d-9b01-c7beeec20c56","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c1033","text":"Climate change action frameworks should be built on discoverable information.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"","subject":"climate change action frameworks","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Openness will be key in this—establishing frameworks built on discov-\nerable information, communicated clearly to policy makers and the public, with clear, sound, \naccountable objectives in mind and strong sustainability.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c1034","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/e1274b57ca404028","nativeRecordCid":"455f7a97-79ef-4566-b5d1-8f3194d9cfdb","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c1034","text":"Climate change action frameworks should be communicated clearly to policy makers and the public.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"","subject":"climate change action frameworks","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Openness will be key in this—establishing frameworks built on discov-\nerable information, communicated clearly to policy makers and the public, with clear, sound, \naccountable objectives in mind and strong sustainability.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c1035","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/415d41ae211049bc","nativeRecordCid":"2868746d-dd83-47c4-b826-c1f346638c52","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c1035","text":"Climate change action frameworks should have clear, sound, accountable objectives.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"","subject":"climate change action frameworks","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Openness will be key in this—establishing frameworks built on discov-\nerable information, communicated clearly to policy makers and the public, with clear, sound, \naccountable objectives in mind and strong sustainability.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c1036","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/429c281f706a41f3","nativeRecordCid":"4c4dbd72-ad37-47fc-9f67-2ae9f20f7b08","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c1036","text":"Climate change action frameworks should have strong sustainability.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"","subject":"climate change action frameworks","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Openness will be key in this—establishing frameworks built on discov-\nerable information, communicated clearly to policy makers and the public, with clear, sound, \naccountable objectives in mind and strong sustainability.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c1037","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/9ebf5a738d094415","nativeRecordCid":"b07165f7-076a-4495-ae30-0a372e9eae95","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c1037","text":"Once developed, OSI's climate change model can be replicated to other research challenges.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"OSI's climate change model","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Once developed, OSI’s climate change model can be replicated to other research challenges.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c1038","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/ec205a88f5074e92","nativeRecordCid":"5ae8bb8b-d1f4-4a81-af49-18e9c384d64a","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c1038","text":"Compassionate use access to medical research is spotty.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"compassionate use access to medical research","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Compassionate use access to medical research is spotty.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c1039","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/6403c7874ca54a1d","nativeRecordCid":"40bad512-0d26-41ea-8657-7caf968ebdd8","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c1039","text":"Impact factors, at their most sinister, are used as a proxy for quality.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"impact factors","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"At their most sinister they are used as a proxy for quality and drive publishing behavior that works at cross purposes to a more open world","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c1040","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/27766b523dae4ed3","nativeRecordCid":"8e05f62f-31de-4c56-a4cd-86bb0c163a58","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c1040","text":"Impact factors, at their most sinister, drive publishing behavior that works at cross purposes to a more open world.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"impact factors","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"At their most sinister they are used as a proxy for quality and drive publishing behavior that works at cross purposes to a more open world","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c1041","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/bdc1ade9c11d4d75","nativeRecordCid":"e97d3d9a-e3d5-4285-851d-cc74a15b26ba","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c1041","text":"Publishers have some one-off mechanisms in place for daylighting research during times of global health crisis.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"publishers' compassionate use mechanisms","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Publishers have some one-off \nmechanisms in place for daylighting research during times of global health crisis (such as \nCOVID-19 research.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c1042","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/623315dbdadd485a","nativeRecordCid":"bc94da91-5db1-467b-8be5-61e607c9158d","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c1042","text":"Several international conventions addressing compassionate use access to medical research exist.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"international conventions on compassionate use access","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Several international conventions also exist.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c1043","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/18e2ea00a7d04186","nativeRecordCid":"b278222b-077c-453d-8b50-ef41e7873020","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c1043","text":"There are no turn-key procedures or resources in place for compassionate use access to medical research.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"compassionate use access procedures","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"However, there are no turn-\nkey procedures or resources in place.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c1044","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/2b55d9a5737e4d19","nativeRecordCid":"df9a6342-19af-4bea-8405-534074369b50","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c1044","text":"Scholarly communication tools and practices have been evolving for decades.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"scholarly communication tools and practices","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Scholarly communication tools and practices have been evolving for decades now.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c1045","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/999277cf0b6d4eef","nativeRecordCid":"75bdd4f3-5964-4a30-8a14-a7a31e772099","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c1045","text":"There are many issues in scholarly communication that need to be resolved.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"","subject":"issues in scholarly communication","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Until then, there are many issues that need to be resolved, \nand many reforms that should be pursued.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c1046","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/51aa4fbb520e4ef5","nativeRecordCid":"6c3367b3-5026-4ffb-86fa-3f84f9881ef2","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c1046","text":"Many reforms in scholarly communication should be pursued.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"","subject":"reforms in scholarly communication","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Until then, there are many issues that need to be resolved, \nand many reforms that should be pursued.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c1047","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/892b38b1f79847ae","nativeRecordCid":"6c2c9205-971b-4eba-b733-205bf6aab7be","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c1047","text":"There are a large number of organizations in the scholarly communication space who are working on reforms.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"organizations in scholarly communication space","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"There are a large number of organizations in the scholarly com-\nmunication space who are working on reforms.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c1048","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/dfde0a14b4924a66","nativeRecordCid":"b089743d-322b-4897-ab57-6a45c0f413fa","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c1048","text":"Some organizations working on scholarly communication reform are working together, but most are not.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"organizations working on scholarly communication reform","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Some of these groups are working together, most are \nnot.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c1049","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/7b4447a6ddd64efe","nativeRecordCid":"f9aaf136-57e9-4d00-b769-ce52432af979","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c1049","text":"Progress toward a more open research world has been growing steadily.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"progress toward a more open research world","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Overall, our progress toward a more open research world has been growing steadily, although \nmuch progress remains to be made.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c1050","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/7ffa463a5ad643a9","nativeRecordCid":"c3dd2ffe-6ec6-4c09-8b2c-d1205569f569","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c1050","text":"Much progress toward a more open research world remains to be made.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"progress toward a more open research world","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Overall, our progress toward a more open research world has been growing steadily, although \nmuch progress remains to be made.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c1051","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/0b282c9841524bee","nativeRecordCid":"dfcb16e8-e47c-42cc-98ef-beb25e2eb7cb","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c1051","text":"There are fundamental disagreements in scholarly communication about what kind of reforms should be made.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"disagreements about scholarly communication reforms","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"There are funda-\nmental disagreements in scholarly communication about what kind of reforms we should be making.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c1052","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/3e2c01092bde441a","nativeRecordCid":"5a16de97-c235-4e96-be22-525cd173a799","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c1052","text":"There is a wide range of disagreement over how fast needed scholarly communication reforms can and should happen.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"pace of scholarly communication reform","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"There is also a wide range of disagreement over how fast needed reforms can and should happen.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c1053","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/fbda660e2d7f4d23","nativeRecordCid":"75aa7315-ff6f-43b8-98af-ec7b34c3b1cb","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c1053","text":"Persistent issues in scholarly communication must be solved through global cooperation.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"","subject":"persistent issues in scholarly communication","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"there \nare also many persistent issues in this space that will require global cooperation to solve.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c1054","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/f87946c899e74c22","nativeRecordCid":"2ff11070-67ba-4523-9219-10e2ef69090c","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c1054","text":"Impact factors at their most innocent simply tell researchers which journals are more important than others.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"impact factors","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Impact factors at their most innocent simply tell \nresearchers which journals are more important than others.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c1055","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/c9a5e3c535a9472b","nativeRecordCid":"3e4d14d2-f06a-41a6-975f-72e97f32c8e2","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c1055","text":"The research ecosystem should reach an \"Open Renaissance\" through the scholarly communication community working together.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"","subject":"research ecosystem","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Indeed, Plan A’s vision is that by working together, and only by working together, we will eventual-\nly—maybe 15 years from now, maybe less, maybe more—-arrive at an “Open Renaissance” where the \nresearch ecosystem will grow exponentially more powerful as more open and connected data catalyz-\nes more innovation and improvement.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c1056","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/7dc93de58e454b7f","nativeRecordCid":"32308ccb-833a-4438-bf6e-663cee402251","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c1056","text":"In an Open Renaissance, the research ecosystem grows exponentially more powerful as more open and connected data catalyzes more innovation and improvement.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"research ecosystem in an Open Renaissance","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Indeed, Plan A’s vision is that by working together, and only by working together, we will eventual-\nly—maybe 15 years from now, maybe less, maybe more—-arrive at an “Open Renaissance” where the \nresearch ecosystem will grow exponentially more powerful as more open and connected data catalyz-\nes more innovation and improvement.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c1057","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/e236d817b28a4f27","nativeRecordCid":"04db9201-1879-4501-b7ae-d9c6199efc52","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c1057","text":"In an Open Renaissance, new fields and directions emerge based on connecting the dots.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"Open Renaissance research ecosystem","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"New fields and directions will emerge based on “connecting the \ndots,”","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c1058","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/b75270c725ea44f6","nativeRecordCid":"7fa8afb7-dd0d-4f66-b937-dd501f8b61b3","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c1058","text":"In an Open Renaissance, the social impact of research exceeds today's levels, including improved literacy, public engagement, and public policy impact.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"social impact of research","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"the social impact of research will \nexceed today’s levels (including improved literacy, public engagement, and public policy impact);","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c1059","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/0aa3191e06594f67","nativeRecordCid":"01a62009-c871-4887-973b-5e424283b386","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c1059","text":"In an Open Renaissance, knowledge becomes more of a global public good, with society reaping the benefits.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"knowledge in an Open Renaissance","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"and \nknowledge will become more of a global public good, with society reaping the benefits.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c1060","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/955a1ecf34b64d17","nativeRecordCid":"3c0a0ead-3843-4efb-9be3-d8f8de25c9f0","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c1060","text":"Successful and sustainable scholarly communication solutions require broad collaboration.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"","subject":"successful and sustainable solutions","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Successful and sustainable solutions will require broad collaboration, not just \nto ensure that all perspectives are considered, but also to ensure there is broad ownership of \nideas.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c1061","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/3939c348d799494b","nativeRecordCid":"d75d6101-12fe-44d4-9330-3e07706fbf65","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c1061","text":"Improving the openness of information requires also addressing issues such as the functioning of impact factors, peer review, and predatory publishing.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"","subject":"openness of information","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"We can’t \njust improve the openness of information without also addressing issues such as the current \nfunctioning of impact factors, peer review, and predatory publishing.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c1062","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/4fe2039250ea4834","nativeRecordCid":"3219c0ab-c093-4e0a-a81b-4eb86b8e0e14","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c1062","text":"Reforming scholarly communication requires a systemic approach.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"","subject":"scholarly communication reform","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Reforming scholarly com-\nmunication will require a systemic approach.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c1063","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/5886a04f4a9840e6","nativeRecordCid":"a3069225-28be-4977-88a8-c8e0544fa69b","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c1063","text":"There are no one-size-fits-all solutions to scholarly communication reform.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"scholarly communication reform solutions","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"There are no one-size-fits-all solutions to scholarly communication re-\nform.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c1064","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/b35c1f7e28364549","nativeRecordCid":"17b0c9cf-296f-495c-b94b-5e6e0e047dd6","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c1064","text":"Adherence to the guiding principles for scholarly communication reform should be maximized.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"","subject":"adherence to guiding principles","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Diversity, creativity and flexibility in this undertaking should be \nencouraged, at the same time noting that we should try to maximize adherence to the other \nprinciples represented here.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c1065","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/b1987127f13e4876","nativeRecordCid":"b354393e-b5ac-426c-b0f1-7d9b5b9d37e0","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c1065","text":"The scholarly communication community needs to maintain as much transparency as possible with regard to pricing, usage, and ownership.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"scholarly communication community","subject":"transparency in scholarly communication","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"This community needs to maintain as much transparency as possible in this effort \n(with regard to pricing, usage, ownership, and so on) in order to address the trust issues that \nhave plagued this space for so long.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c1066","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/b26978b38aa0412b","nativeRecordCid":"1be5cb3c-7428-4eda-b67d-7764d34d7b01","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c1066","text":"Trust issues have plagued the scholarly communication space for a long time.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"trust issues in scholarly communication","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"the trust issues that \nhave plagued this space for so long.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c1067","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/59558dc3efed490a","nativeRecordCid":"cc23fa51-556f-4200-aaa1-a98a83a20a2f","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c1067","text":"The global scholarly communication community addressed by Plan A is vague and amorphous.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"scholarly communication community","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"It is important to note that the global “scholarly communication community” addressed by this Plan A \nis vague and amorphous.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c1068","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/0f3fcc2e84cc42d5","nativeRecordCid":"75f53918-dde0-4bfe-8456-1fee87c81c08","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c1068","text":"The scholarly communication community has much in common and shares common goals and interests.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"scholarly communication community","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"However, this community also has much in common, and it shares common \ngoals and interests","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c1069","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/31ba860e50aa485c","nativeRecordCid":"104e742c-3e15-48d4-9cec-e5f63d33ff7f","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c1069","text":"The vast majority of stakeholders in scholarly communication are not ideologically attached to any one particular approach.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"stakeholders in scholarly communication","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The vast majority of stake-\nholders in this space are not, after all, ideologically attached to any one particular approach","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c1070","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/ef46abee8704409a","nativeRecordCid":"4984b8d5-f30e-437a-b88b-dc861ab198aa","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c1070","text":"Most stakeholders in scholarly communication are simply trying to figure out what to do with regard to open policies.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"stakeholders in scholarly communication","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"most \nare simply trying to figure out what to do with regard to open policies.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c1071","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/0f16145750ef4f96","nativeRecordCid":"246c0f23-283e-4754-84d5-4208588252df","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c1071","text":"Groups invested in one particular approach or perspective to scholarly communication reform share a common desire to improve open.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"groups invested in a reform approach","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"In addition, even groups who \nmay be invested in one particular approach or perspective share a common desire to improve open.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c1072","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/41343c4bbbd240cb","nativeRecordCid":"e10c2bd7-4159-44a8-9133-8d4eb7e5ecb0","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c1072","text":"A common ground starting point for action in scholarly communication is vital.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"","subject":"common ground starting point for action","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Finding a common ground starting point for action is vital.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c1073","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/b66d88b1a7b34d9d","nativeRecordCid":"f25b1ffb-2714-4e2e-825f-dd1988f9b85d","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c1073","text":"The scholarly communication community needs a respectful, collaborative effort to work together on solutions that everyone has a say in developing and that benefit everyone everywhere.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"scholarly communication community","subject":"collaborative effort for reform solutions","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"What the scholarly communication \ncommunity needs is a respectful, collaborative effort to work together on solutions that every-\none has a say in developing and that will benefit everyone everywhere.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c1074","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/907311b0bc104f0f","nativeRecordCid":"6864a53e-3bc6-4065-bf70-a2ec6f85d0b4","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c1074","text":"OSI is pro-stakeholder.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"OSI","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"OSI is pro-stakeholder.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c1075","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/f0d64d794e3d44b8","nativeRecordCid":"2504a54f-a48a-46d6-afe7-040c2ad67c1b","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c1075","text":"Everyone deserves a seat at the table in scholarly communication reform, including publishers.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"","subject":"stakeholders' seat at the table","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Everyone deserves a seat at the table, even publishers, who have \nbeen targeted for years as being somehow culpable for not providing more information free of \ncharge.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c1076","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/e775828c628041c0","nativeRecordCid":"22f66a0f-d05f-49bb-9087-727d0e98d222","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c1076","text":"Publishers have been targeted for years as being somehow culpable for not providing more information free of charge.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"publishers","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Everyone deserves a seat at the table, even publishers, who have \nbeen targeted for years as being somehow culpable for not providing more information free of \ncharge.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c1077","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/a5a42acfc7f04ca9","nativeRecordCid":"0d0ebd51-f8f4-4bf1-b957-63149c64ac98","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c1077","text":"\"Free\" is not a sustainable business model.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"free access business model","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The reality is that “free” isn’t a sustainable business model.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c1078","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/344e96699ae44de9","nativeRecordCid":"e81b5111-42fb-4266-8323-4a4a12c71293","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c1078","text":"If publishers' contributions—gatekeeping, evaluation, editing, structure, organization, dissemination, and global integration—are valued, then the scholarly communication community needs to work with publishers to create effective and sustainable change.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"scholarly communication community","subject":"working with publishers on change","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"If we value what publish-\ners bring to the table—gatekeeping, evaluation, editing, structure, organization, dissemination, \nand global integration—then we need to work with them to create effective and sustainable \nchange.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c1079","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/027efdb3f9dd4056","nativeRecordCid":"1da65e8b-e8bd-4f93-8d24-2c156e08be6e","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c1079","text":"Wiping the slate clean and starting scholarly communication over again has risks and may result in reinventing the wheel, ending up with the same costs and issues as before with different players.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"starting scholarly communication over from scratch","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"If we prefer to wipe the slate clean and start all over again, that’s an okay perspective \ntoo, bearing in mind that this approach has risks and may result in simply reinventing the wheel \nand ending up with the same costs and issues as before, just different players.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c1080","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/f7f3f9b5d52f4e54","nativeRecordCid":"acce4efb-097d-44ac-bf26-eab8ef4db002","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c1080","text":"The open access movement has pushed for immediate (\"now\") solutions for the past 20 years.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"open access movement","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The open access movement has been pushing for “now” solutions for the past 20 years.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c1081","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/b057b3fb3a274915","nativeRecordCid":"686e8822-77d8-4272-8b76-d2cc69c6ef07","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c1081","text":"Immediate (\"now\") solutions for open access reform do not work.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"immediate open access reform solutions","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"They \ndon’t work, because “now” is not an acceptable substitute for appropriate consultation.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c1082","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/8b97ea6588bc47d6","nativeRecordCid":"364d3783-6004-4d10-a1a8-c0a687071f89","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c1082","text":"Appropriate consultation is necessary before implementing scholarly communication reforms and should not be substituted by immediate (\"now\") solutions.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"","subject":"consultation before reform","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"They \ndon’t work, because “now” is not an acceptable substitute for appropriate consultation.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c1083","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/1718834f08444285","nativeRecordCid":"3183015c-b164-4075-88a1-ee29e5bbe58d","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c1083","text":"The scholarly communication community has many stakeholder groups with a stake in the outcome of reform measures.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"stakeholder groups in scholarly communication","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The \nscholarly communication community has many stakeholder groups with a stake in the outcome \nof reform measures.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c1084","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/44670c2ec9624848","nativeRecordCid":"27742190-7795-4a72-9652-cbeb06b8fe10","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c1084","text":"The first step in scholarly communication reform efforts must involve bringing everyone together, for the success and long-term sustainability of the reforms.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"","subject":"first step in reform efforts","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"It is essential, both for the success of these reforms and for their long-\nterm sustainability, that the first step in these efforts involves bringing everyone together.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c1085","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/9f2f84cab3454a3d","nativeRecordCid":"62b34e8b-a5bd-4875-84fd-4eadfbf1ccde","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c1085","text":"Continuing to pursue immediate (\"now\") solutions for scholarly communication reform for another 20 years is not the right approach.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"","subject":"immediate reform solutions over time","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"But continuing to pursue “now” \nsolutions for another 20 years isn’t the right approach.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c1086","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/d4204f05ddef41e7","nativeRecordCid":"02b4d884-6191-4923-897b-2fb9ad58d3a5","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c1086","text":"A lack of firm understanding of key issues in scholarly communication makes it difficult to create effective policy reforms.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"understanding of key issues in scholarly communication","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"OSI will begin conducting studies that target key issues in scholarly communication where a lack of \nfirm understanding is making it difficult to create effective policy reforms.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c1087","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/1d604bc6317b4323","nativeRecordCid":"193130f9-3824-4f5a-addb-d04298c98b5b","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c1087","text":"As more emphasis is placed by libraries and funders on open access publishing, more open access publishing options are becoming available to authors.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"open access publishing options","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"As more emphasis is \nplaced by libraries and funders on open access publishing, more open access publishing op-\ntions are becoming available to authors.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c1088","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/cfff030b873f44b4","nativeRecordCid":"5072640f-7789-45a6-b69f-d7d8065f3c72","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c1088","text":"Some open access publishing options are legitimate and some are not.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"open access publishing options","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Some of these options are legitimate, some are not.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c1089","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/408e28e7fb5c4326","nativeRecordCid":"b0f141b3-0828-4347-9c40-f4fb7153eedb","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c1089","text":"The future of assessing the academic journal landscape needs to be built on systems that are reliable and accountable.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"","subject":"systems for assessing journal landscape","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The future \nneeds to be built on systems that are reli-\nable and accountable.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c1090","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/4afa0e6aa0ec4584","nativeRecordCid":"12842e4e-78d9-4c70-9aff-0b16152c687f","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c1090","text":"The impact factor is an aggregate journal-level metric rather than an article-level metric.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"impact factor","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"this is an aggregate journal level metric and not an article level metric","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c1091","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/fc63375faaa149db","nativeRecordCid":"771106b3-4611-496c-b2eb-3536f502d87d","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c1091","text":"Google Search (GS) is the primary search mechanism for a majority of the world's researchers.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"Google Search","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"[This \nis important insofar as GS is the primary \nsearch mechanism for a majority of the \nworld’s researchers.]","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c1092","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/ba8acc42bcd44533","nativeRecordCid":"5888a34d-30a9-40f5-9790-97807857c065","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c1092","text":"The need for embargoes remains a major sticking point in open debates.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"embargoes","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The need for embargoes remains a major sticking point in open debates.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c1093","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/ad7bc9a434be473d","nativeRecordCid":"00afb73e-70db-45fd-b72a-6314c3523196","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c1093","text":"The scholarly community turns a blind eye to the shortcomings of impact factors and keeps using them.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"scholarly community","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"And so we turn \na blind eye to their shortcomings and keep using them.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c1094","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/258c3c8ac287456e","nativeRecordCid":"3e332c1b-6ea5-4b85-a8dc-5ed69de8632c","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c1094","text":"Nothing has ever been written about the statistical validity of the impact factor measure.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"impact factor","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"But nothing has ever been written about the statistical \nvalidity of this measure.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c1095","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/6633e296230b4119","nativeRecordCid":"cbd3bb5a-f7c8-40f4-9eb5-44899359ce1a","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c1095","text":"The impact factor is not mathematically valid for measuring impact.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"impact factor","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"In fact, the impact factor isn’t mathematically valid at all for the purpos-\nes of measuring “impact”","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c1096","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/cf3d0f7da5264c9c","nativeRecordCid":"40843660-47fb-4cb7-b520-dc84e1b4c340","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c1096","text":"Citation counts are aggregate rather than positive or negative.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"citation counts","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"citation counts are just aggre-\ngate, not positive or negative","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c1097","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/789e9df191154e1b","nativeRecordCid":"93d6ba00-8cd9-4190-964c-67098208d3fe","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c1097","text":"A bad article could be highly cited as an example of what not to do.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"citation counts","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"so a bad article could be highly cited as an example of what not \nto do.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c1098","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/3279ca8dc102458f","nativeRecordCid":"7ed38a24-4eb5-4d79-bec0-e68d7c9163c0","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c1098","text":"Only journals indexed by Clarivate can have an actual impact factor calculated.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"impact factor calculation","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Currently, only journals indexed by Clarivate (representing a nar-\nrow and elite set of journals) can have an actual impact factor calculated","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c1099","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/bfaaba585e47421d","nativeRecordCid":"998d2a53-e394-4f54-9299-6262235ff0f0","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c1099","text":"Journals not indexed by Clarivate must use a fake impact factor, such as the Global Impact Factor, or invent one out of thin air.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"non-Clarivate-indexed journals","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"everyone else needs \nto use a fake impact factor (like the Global Impact Factor) or invent one out of thin air.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c1100","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/0ea8b944ab6b4452","nativeRecordCid":"54c3d9cc-a0dd-4d39-b3a2-a9cb6445efe0","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c1100","text":"Charges of profit-mongering and double-dipping have fueled attacks on commercial publishers for at least 15 years.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"attacks on commercial publishers","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Charges of profit-mongering and double-dipping have fueled attacks on commercial publishers or at least 15 years now","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c1101","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/56171a1b2ec7460c","nativeRecordCid":"4818bcc0-a94e-4e40-9c02-36ccdb95f8c1","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c1101","text":"Making progress on the embargo issue is important to the future of open.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"embargo issue","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Figuring out how to make progress on this issue is important to \nthe future of open.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c1102","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/1b180f958e6e4f0d","nativeRecordCid":"d3009c15-5dfe-43bc-a67d-010285b769ef","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c1102","text":"Understanding the actual impacts of open in research, education and society is vitally important.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"","subject":"understanding impacts of open","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"understanding the actual impacts of open \nin research, education and society is vitally important.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c1103","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/a88232f1c25749c6","nativeRecordCid":"e9e6ca9a-a62d-43f2-bfb4-5e5e4d5a931b","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c1103","text":"Eric Archambault's Science-Metrix 2018 study is the most authoritative study of open impact to date.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"Science-Metrix 2018 study","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Eric \nArchambault’s most recent study (Science-Metrix 2018) is the most authoritative, but even this \nstudy didn’t look at the full spectrum of open products, just “gratis” (which crosses several cat-\negories of open).","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c1104","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/f9db42d7b87d4133","nativeRecordCid":"96505085-3b24-4cd2-b2c2-d69a3dc295a2","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c1104","text":"Open efforts have long proceeded from the assumption that we know what works and what the market needs.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"open efforts","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"open efforts \nhave long proceeded from the assumption that we know what works and what the market needs, \nbut in fact we have no idea.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c1105","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/2d264a296adb4b39","nativeRecordCid":"fc42aefa-9329-482f-8a5f-8b04f2f6e9ca","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c1105","text":"The entire corpus of open work to date has taken it as an article of faith that all open is created equal.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"open work corpus","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The entire corpus of open work to-date has taken it as an article of faith that all open \nis created equal and that open itself—vaguely defined as it is—is meritorious.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c1106","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/125485afa4a7436d","nativeRecordCid":"13284c19-2cde-4887-96df-36832b8d52ef","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c1106","text":"Open is vaguely defined.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"the term open","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"open itself—vaguely defined as it is—is meritorious.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c1107","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/cbad677005cf47fb","nativeRecordCid":"06e4984c-bcd6-448c-bc7c-5a9cbbcb5a5f","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c1107","text":"The entire corpus of open work to date has taken it as an article of faith that open itself is meritorious.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"open work corpus","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"open itself—vaguely defined as it is—is meritorious.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c1108","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/6b9515b7fcbe4caa","nativeRecordCid":"a63b7de3-0c7d-4f7e-a306-5b057d8a05de","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c1108","text":"These attacks have been used as an excuse to keep publishers from participating equally in global conversations about the future of open.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"attacks on commercial publishers","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"these attacks have been used \nas an excuse to keep publishers from participating equally in global conversations about the \nfuture of open.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c1109","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/2764ebcd2baa4b7e","nativeRecordCid":"4f437ebd-fdba-44c4-a3af-cf35569e809f","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c1109","text":"The debate over publisher profit margins is largely a push and pull between libraries and publishers, with each accusing the other of financial misdeeds.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"debate over publisher profit margins","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"it’s largely \njust a push and pull between libraries and publishers, with each accusing the other of financial \nmisdeeds","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c1110","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/6562017a42404375","nativeRecordCid":"21766c46-5b5a-4888-9e8e-24f430b8b89f","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c1110","text":"Peer review is a critical part of the current scholarly publishing ecosystem.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"peer review","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"It’s a critical part of the current scholarly publishing ecosystem.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c1111","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/6689d0f4c0d04953","nativeRecordCid":"a58dfb5a-9fe4-4ee9-8be2-c6cacc354e55","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c1111","text":"Peer review is unpaid labor.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"peer review","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Peer review is also unpaid labor and an incredible burden to many in academia.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c1112","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/5fc8da4d561644ac","nativeRecordCid":"41250467-f814-4ac9-b296-03e9fa6af308","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c1112","text":"Peer review is an incredible burden to many in academia.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"peer review","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Peer review is also unpaid labor and an incredible burden to many in academia.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c1113","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/521d6d3d4b364d1a","nativeRecordCid":"2504e934-e05b-46ef-82a2-1aef4fefcca3","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c1113","text":"Different methods of peer review are evolving and being tested.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"peer review methods","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"different methods \nof peer review are evolving and being tested","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c1114","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/99a547ccb9f4479c","nativeRecordCid":"a121a875-705a-42b1-aaa9-49f2bc68ad31","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c1114","text":"Post-publication peer review allows articles to be quickly shared and then refined via broad feedback in real time online.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"post-publication peer review","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"post-publication peer review, which \nallows articles to be quickly shared and then refined via broad feedback in real time online.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c1115","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/20c0b50293f44d81","nativeRecordCid":"97e9b6f8-a45a-4cc0-946b-e58ec7811c80","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c1115","text":"Deceptive journals promise peer review but deliver only a cursory editorial review instead, if that.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"deceptive journals","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"deceptive journals promise \npeer review but deliver only a cursory editorial review instead, if that.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c1116","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/fe9be4f95bc44283","nativeRecordCid":"c278cc48-e4e5-4677-9573-fbd22f8c04b9","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c1116","text":"In fact, what the market needs regarding open is not actually known.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"market needs for open","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"but in fact we have no idea.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c1117","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/1b77831d9c594dc0","nativeRecordCid":"5c2a592b-2e96-4680-a7f8-3898e728450d","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c1117","text":"Without figuring out the right way forward for peer review, open efforts will flounder.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"open efforts","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Without \nfiguring out the right way forward for peer review, our open efforts will flounder—we can’t create more open without en-\nsuring the scientific integrity of these articles.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c1118","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/a16ff9f7fe34495f","nativeRecordCid":"6735c987-ce9c-48c5-9726-20bb7f295c0d","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c1118","text":"Assessing demand for open across regions, institutions, disciplines and faculty types is critical for ascertaining global needs and perspectives rather than only Northern/Western needs.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"","subject":"assessment of demand for open","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Getting a broad sense of this demand across regions and in-\nstitutions, as well as across disciplines and faculty types (as is usually done) is critical insofar as \ntrying to ascertain global needs and perspectives and not just Northern/Western needs.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c1119","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/4f353757aa0a460b","nativeRecordCid":"65b56667-cc96-44ba-8adf-b13f81cfcd25","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c1119","text":"Determining what kind of open should be worked toward is critical.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"","subject":"determination of what kind of open to pursue","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Getting \na better sense of what kind of open we should be working toward is also critical.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c1120","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/11b259b3e8fb41ba","nativeRecordCid":"f86276cf-ca87-440f-99bf-3ee5bce91cfb","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c1120","text":"Around the world, a wide variety of influences are causing the number of research articles to stay high.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"research article output","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Around the world, we see a \nwide variety of influences that are causing the number of research articles to stay high","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c1121","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/cd93ac5acdbd49b8","nativeRecordCid":"93184db6-755d-4cf4-9edc-181b892a8a63","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c1121","text":"Authors do not comparison shop for APCs.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"authors","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Mounting evidence suggests that authors do not comparison shop for APCs (Tenopir 2017)","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c1122","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/d4e28f5e32f24ef8","nativeRecordCid":"02ccbb74-b387-4b6c-b1db-0479707ddb67","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c1122","text":"There is increasing sloppiness in the system, wherein tenure committees are not necessarily valuing the quality of publications.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"tenure committees","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"there is also \nincreasing sloppiness in the system wherein tenure committees aren’t necessarily valuing the \nquality of publications","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c1123","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/cd1caccd69d8463d","nativeRecordCid":"cb793e1c-c6a2-44e4-a237-2ff840b574e4","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c1123","text":"A landscape analysis of RPT practices worldwide with regard to publishing is needed.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"","subject":"landscape analysis of RPT practices","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"What \nis needed is a landscape analysis of RPT practices worldwide with regard to publishing.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c1124","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/d8c3989f07d34904","nativeRecordCid":"fabc91ea-d744-49f1-8835-9052d6581e1f","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c1124","text":"Lowering the pressure to publish in academia would make it easier to rationally discuss and implement solutions aimed at improving the quality and quantity of research publishing.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"pressure to publish in academia","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Once we lower the pressure to publish in academia, it will become \neasier to rationally discuss and implement solutions aimed at improving the quality and quantity \nof research publishing.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c1125","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/1328de868a504fe7","nativeRecordCid":"bda180de-2d8d-4958-a83b-1406b2fb9546","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c1125","text":"Without addressing this systemic issue, reform measures will simply be reactive.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"reform measures","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Until then, and without addressing this systemic issue, reform measures \nwill simply be reactive.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c1126","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/1ec7a5f3d30647e2","nativeRecordCid":"7ac71062-d8a7-489b-bae0-2836b47ee3af","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c1126","text":"Peer review is what separates vetted science from non-vetted science.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"peer review","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Peer review is what separates vetted science from non-vetted science.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c1127","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/f4917d4fb18740f4","nativeRecordCid":"b01ff64c-32e3-468c-8278-84b2e051e67d","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c1127","text":"Creating more open requires ensuring the scientific integrity of articles.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"","subject":"creation of more open","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"we can’t create more open without en-\nsuring the scientific integrity of these articles.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c1128","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/5c9bf5eea1d248f2","nativeRecordCid":"531c2188-9b92-49cc-8e52-baf15ab04c24","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c1128","text":"Best practices for peer review need to be developed and shared with the global community in an authoritative way.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"","subject":"best practices for peer review","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"We also need to develop and share best practices \nwith the global community in an authoritative way, which this landscape analysis will facilitate.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c1129","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/35f0cc8fdbd74f82","nativeRecordCid":"ba375a87-6584-4699-8016-67171123b327","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c1129","text":"Standards for global research publishing must be thoughtful, fact-based, and widely-adopted so that research publishing represents the needs of researchers rather than just market forces.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"","subject":"global research publishing standards","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Creating thoughtful, fact-based, widely-adopted standards for global research publishing is critical to ensuring that research publishing grows in a way that represents the needs of researchers and not just mar-\nket forces (e.g., less deceptive publishing, less pressure to publish in journals, etc.).","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c1130","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/b2a6f51886b744e4","nativeRecordCid":"82b5683f-04e7-4399-8129-93fed75979ef","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c1130","text":"SciELO is one of the most unique organizations in the world of scholarly communication.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"SciELO","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"SciELO is one of the most unique organizations in the world of scholarly communication.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c1131","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/4c4016a2fbfe4718","nativeRecordCid":"d010faf8-daf0-4f25-b9e3-8d1b81307c3e","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c1131","text":"The 2015 Max Planck Digital Library global-flip data have never been examined closely in another research piece.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"2015 global-flip study data","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"These data have \nnever been examined closely in another research piece (they have been challenged in numerous \nblog posts since then)","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c1132","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/c40bde113d9547d9","nativeRecordCid":"c436656f-efce-42a9-a986-c98814d9d263","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c1132","text":"The 2015 global-flip data need to be examined closely so the global community can assess the flip strategy more objectively.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"","subject":"2015 global-flip study data","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"but they need to be so the global community can assess this strategy \nmore objectively.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c1133","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/e217b6065fd449ac","nativeRecordCid":"3470f5b4-eba8-482b-b1c5-1a51e0aeb443","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c1133","text":"There is no downward pressure on APC prices.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"APC prices","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"so there is no downward pressure on prices.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c1134","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/06971a20db6e4fa9","nativeRecordCid":"f8df22b0-9258-4675-956e-9e688ccda49c","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c1134","text":"The publishing industry in the global south should evolve following the SciELO model to ensure improved focus and better access.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"the publishing industry in the global south","subject":"publishing industry evolution in the global south","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"It is a model for how the publishing industry should evolve in the global south to ensure improved \nfocus and better access.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c1135","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/6fb820a1c74f445a","nativeRecordCid":"680cdcb5-9521-4804-8c1e-85706e7ea96d","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c1135","text":"APC prices are escalating.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"APC prices","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"What we have instead are esca-\nlating prices, and a shifting of the cost burden from institutions to authors, all of which is only \nwidening the gap between haves and have-nots.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c1136","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/ec3bf2f25c1f4eee","nativeRecordCid":"409952ec-b0d9-405e-9c7f-d9278f627e2a","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c1136","text":"The cost burden for APCs is shifting from institutions to authors.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"APC cost burden","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"What we have instead are esca-\nlating prices, and a shifting of the cost burden from institutions to authors, all of which is only \nwidening the gap between haves and have-nots.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c1137","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/cc96dcc7530a41f2","nativeRecordCid":"2d9360a7-5598-47cb-9eb6-da679447c24a","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c1137","text":"The escalation of APC prices and the shift of the cost burden to authors are widening the gap between publishing haves and have-nots.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"APC pricing trends","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"all of which is only \nwidening the gap between haves and have-nots.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c1138","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/30dced18e6fd496d","nativeRecordCid":"15699e73-b705-4c42-bdd0-448e07143e7a","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c1138","text":"Further research on the economic feasibility of a global flip to open access is needed.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"","subject":"research on the global flip","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"More research is needed.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c1139","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/e93870fbe5864b51","nativeRecordCid":"3f20e7e8-3b94-485c-a1fe-30ca5d31c2e9","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c1139","text":"Too much research into scholarly publishing exhibits a fundamental misunderstanding of the nuances of this field.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"research into scholarly publishing","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Too much of this research exhibits a fundamental \nmisunderstanding of the nuances in this field.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c1140","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/8b5f087c03de4d1f","nativeRecordCid":"99c10cb9-ea4f-4e1c-a10d-f01a700fcf00","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c1140","text":"Criteria for inclusion in a scholarly classification list should be made public rather than taken on faith.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"","subject":"criteria for list inclusion","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"the criteria for inclusion on this list were always taken on faith—Beall never made these criteria public—which \nis not how science should be done).","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c1141","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/0c3f9eb4700a412c","nativeRecordCid":"9de8be93-d3f8-441b-add8-c30980f36697","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c1141","text":"Researchers should not assume that 'open' means the same thing as open access.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"researchers","subject":"'open' vs. open access","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Also, we cannot assume “open” means the same thing as open access.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c1142","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/502b6de73e834c06","nativeRecordCid":"943a2ea1-c53b-4772-b2a2-f06bd128d363","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c1142","text":"Discussions among scholarly communication organizations about best practices have stopped short of creating and issuing internationally-backed recommendations for publishing standards and methods for enforcing them.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"scholarly communication organizations' discussions on publishing standards","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Several organizations \nin scholarly communication have discussed best practices over the years (most notably edito-\nrial and umbrella groups like NISO, WAME, COPE, and OASPA), but these discussions have \nstopped short of creating and issuing internationally-backed recommendations for publishing \nstandards and the methods for enforcing these standards.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c1143","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/cad991cd16ef4e97","nativeRecordCid":"51706a72-8e64-4579-a9b7-f6cb05bd2ea6","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c1143","text":"Scopus is narrow and highly selective.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"Scopus database","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"This database is, in fact, narrow and highly selective.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c1144","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/a48158eac76f4395","nativeRecordCid":"055f8e08-d64b-41a2-8aad-e7c34ddf7068","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c1144","text":"The terms 'open,' 'publishing,' 'peer review,' and other terms used in scholarly publishing lack a clear definition.","kind":"definitional","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"terminology in scholarly publishing","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"map out the boundaries of what we \nmean by “open,” “publishing,” “peer review,” and other terms that lack a clear definition.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c1145","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/4003b5e60925400b","nativeRecordCid":"ee53f372-8312-4413-afc0-5084e115ed59","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c1145","text":"SciELO is a soup-to-nuts provider of publisher training, editorial services, data management and repository management, serving as a pioneering open access network and hub for dozens of journals across Latin and South America.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"SciELO","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"It is a soup-to-nuts provider of everything from publisher \ntraining to editorial services to data management and repository management, serving as a pio-\nneering open access network and hub for dozens of journals across Latin and South America.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c1146","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/2ac1235c65cf4876","nativeRecordCid":"78ee2db0-d7aa-4a37-afc9-5221b7820332","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c1146","text":"The majority of research into scholarly publishing-related issues and reforms is not adequate.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"research into scholarly publishing","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The majority of research into scholarly \npublishing-related issues and reforms isn’t adequate.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c1147","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/66171d91df394959","nativeRecordCid":"5d64ea51-9fdd-4bda-93bd-e43fffeebbfe","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c1147","text":"Beall's List should not be used as a starting point when researching predatory journals.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"researchers","subject":"Beall's List","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"when researching predatory journals, Beall’s List should not be used as \na starting point since this list is not transparent and is no longer supported","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c1148","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/03b426271ec94f9c","nativeRecordCid":"4f85b11d-ea81-46ed-9e75-94283dd8d66d","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c1148","text":"Beall's List is not transparent.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"Beall's List","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"since this list is not transparent and is no longer supported","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c1149","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/77225be64cd34533","nativeRecordCid":"e75faf67-5daa-4eb6-b3a1-1e63c383b1b9","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c1149","text":"Beall's List is no longer supported.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"Beall's List","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"since this list is not transparent and is no longer supported","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c1150","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/c229becb79f34f7e","nativeRecordCid":"3f5098f6-b5aa-44c0-ae32-d1520015a00c","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c1150","text":"Too much research on 'open' scholarship fails to recognize that 'open' exists in many variations.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"research on 'open' scholarship","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Too much research tracks “open” without understanding that it exists in many \nvariations, and gold/green CC-BY open is just one such variation.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c1151","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/198cad49bb14416c","nativeRecordCid":"ac1447ed-e618-4413-b27d-a2c5423c12b9","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c1151","text":"Researchers should not treat databases like Scopus as representative of all journals.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"researchers","subject":"Scopus database","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"we cannot treat data-\nbases like Scopus are being representative of all journals.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c1152","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/d7698c8072084872","nativeRecordCid":"ac5976bf-7425-4379-8a3c-1eb2d52b867a","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c1152","text":"A lack of government and/or private sector action has hindered the progress of open reforms.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"open reforms","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"where a lack of government and/or private sector action has hindered the progress of \nopen reforms.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c1153","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/7bac48a0f8c64d90","nativeRecordCid":"c8fab238-9e03-4c03-8501-8b904bcb6abc","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c1153","text":"A universal indexing system that overcomes the natural or operational exclusion of current indexes is necessary to improve the identification of deceptive journals.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"","subject":"universal indexing system","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"In order to improve the identification of deceptive journals it is necessary that we have a universal indexing system that overcomes the natural or operational exclusion of current indexes.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c1154","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/6f2bda629d2646f2","nativeRecordCid":"bf62cc6d-f1c7-414b-8805-80de37b6c6a7","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c1154","text":"A database of APC and discount/subsidy information would be immensely helpful to authors, particularly those from the global south, where discounts and subsidies are most needed and price comparisons are more needed.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"APC/discount database","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Research4Life leaders (who are part of OSI) \nhave noted that building such resources would be immensely helpful to authors, particularly \nthose from the global south where discounts and subsidies are most needed, and also where \nprice comparisons are more needed.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c1155","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/e653df693b924098","nativeRecordCid":"9a2b9737-fe52-47e5-96a9-91df42f6ef7a","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c1155","text":"Uneven progress toward open is having unintended consequences.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"progress toward open","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Our uneven progress toward open is having un-\nintended consequences.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c1156","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/d02efc4c3ebb4f07","nativeRecordCid":"3630961f-fecf-4ed9-8548-8f44aa66bc11","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c1156","text":"Because not all journals are indexed, legitimate impact factors are unavailable for many journals.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"journal impact factors","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"the unavailability of legitimate impact \nfactors for all journals (because not all journals are indexed)","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c1157","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/34c2a5812d06462b","nativeRecordCid":"2c801b6d-5640-476c-8686-63bb9bd89e3d","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c1157","text":"There is uncertainty about the number and growth of deceptive/predatory journals.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"deceptive/predatory journals","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"uncertainty about the number and \ngrowth of so-called deceptive/predatory journals","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c1158","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/25f0e3f1f6564475","nativeRecordCid":"4a17d4b1-2853-4ab6-b27f-36c81740c02d","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c1158","text":"There is a growing incidence of citations from non-indexed journals.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"citations from non-indexed journals","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"and the growing incidence of citations from non-indexed journals.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c1159","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/a170743211de410c","nativeRecordCid":"f8fbe37b-e2fe-46d8-a578-f029344e0197","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c1159","text":"Most journals will never earn a legitimate impact factor through Clarivate because they do not pass rigorous tests for index inclusion.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"journal impact factors via Clarivate","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"because most journals \nwill never earn a legitimate impact factor through Clarivate (since these journals don’t pass rig-\norous tests for index inclusion)","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c1160","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/ec2e0b6f6e714597","nativeRecordCid":"ed3e0708-d4af-456a-aa3f-4c13b25a3310","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c1160","text":"Alternatives such as the 'global impact factor' or 'universal impact factor' are not legitimate.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"alternative impact factor measures","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"and because the alternatives (such as “global impact factor” or \n“universal impact factor”) aren’t legitimate","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c1161","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/832395a3f97540ca","nativeRecordCid":"80a5323c-1a4c-4cf3-8092-e17ef2c8ec20","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c1161","text":"Clarivate has trademarked 'impact factor' and 'journal impact factor' in the US but does not own the mathematical concept.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"Clarivate's impact factor trademark","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Clarivate has \ntrademarked “impact factor” and “journal impact factor” in the US but does not own the math-\nematical concept.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c1162","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/19884a525cba4762","nativeRecordCid":"bc8422ba-3582-43b1-93f5-8e87ea47a627","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c1162","text":"Current indexes are limited in scope and focus primarily on English-centered indexes.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"current journal indexes","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Current indexes are limited \nin scope and focus primarily on English-centered indexes.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c1163","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/92cd30157d1f4ce6","nativeRecordCid":"8d0ee6a1-e21f-490d-a3de-8bf7d6378984","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c1163","text":"Today, universal journal indexing is provided only by Google Scholar.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"journal indexing","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Today such indexing is provided only by \nGoogle Scholar.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c1164","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/252f76ea527f4dbf","nativeRecordCid":"3387e671-177d-45ee-beaf-b9bc26e7ad41","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c1164","text":"Journals should adopt an editorial policy whereby authors must justify citations to referenced journals that do not appear on a whitelist.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"journals","subject":"journal citation policy","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Journals will be encouraged to adopt an editorial policy whereby if a referenced journal \ndoes not appear on a whitelist, then authors must justify the citation.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c1165","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/81024ab19bde4f02","nativeRecordCid":"ac1ac52f-d31f-4d6c-9019-e4deba2cd1e4","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c1165","text":"Authors care more about quality and impact than price when choosing where to publish.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"authors' publishing priorities","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"surveys have shown that authors care more about quality and impact than price","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c1166","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/993c1f5618cf44f8","nativeRecordCid":"45d1bd5c-ec5d-40ce-aff1-8d941089157a","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c1166","text":"An APC price comparison tool would be of great service to the global scholarly communication community.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"APC price comparison tool","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"developing an APC price comparator \ntool would therefore be of great service to the global scholarly communication community.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c1167","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/d80a908f5a15458d","nativeRecordCid":"f39deaf0-b09a-493f-a69a-131150208032","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c1167","text":"No APC price comparison tool currently exists.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"APC price comparison tools","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"No \nsuch tool currently exists.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c1168","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/775d3166d34a4041","nativeRecordCid":"97d1854a-186a-4e3a-9ebc-cfd38d113fd1","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c1168","text":"Efforts to connect metadata across institutional and national repositories are herculean and ultimately inadequate.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"institutional and national repository networks","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"then exert herculean and ultimately \ninadequate efforts to connect the meta data in these repositories","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c1169","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/2dd531755c6b4489","nativeRecordCid":"552bdb2f-b721-45f5-a607-7d9781c780a8","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c1169","text":"Connecting metadata across repositories only provides a glimpse into the contents of each repository, not full access to the contents themselves.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"repository metadata connections","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"which ends up only providing \na glimpse into the contents of each repository, not full access to the contents themselves—at \nleast at the moment","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c1170","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/2dd78f90bdb346ab","nativeRecordCid":"efa17b07-1513-4e02-82f5-e2ffc270cc13","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c1170","text":"The global preprint server concept has the potential for widescale database standardization and integration.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"global preprint server concept","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"the potential for widescale database standardization \nand integration","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c1171","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/11b0a755287849de","nativeRecordCid":"4e3f2e9f-2c41-45ee-ad37-10d55993c865","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c1171","text":"The global preprint server concept has the potential for vastly expanded cross-discipline integration.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"global preprint server concept","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"the potential for vastly expanded cross-discipline integration","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c1172","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/0ec653c4f28f4c29","nativeRecordCid":"9972bbd5-a903-44f5-8387-49dc90c74af3","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c1172","text":"The global preprint server concept has the potential to implement widescale online peer review solutions.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"global preprint server concept","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"the potential to \nimplement widescale online peer review solutions","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c1173","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/86baf93383a64fe0","nativeRecordCid":"5c1b7db0-87da-4a86-9873-0194a46091f6","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c1173","text":"The global preprint server concept enables real-time and transparent impact measurement via downloads, views, comments and reader scores.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"global preprint server concept","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"real-time and transparent impact measure-\nment (via downloads, views, comments and reader scores)","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c1174","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/1de7ff2ffde442b5","nativeRecordCid":"2996d186-893a-4feb-bc07-5916444754fc","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c1174","text":"Predatory publishing should be avoided.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"","subject":"predatory publishing","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"and case studies on why this kind of publishing should be avoid-\ned (due to risks it poses to careers and science).","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c1175","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/e1bd23394a2c4b09","nativeRecordCid":"950b7e9f-290e-4280-8b58-b1cfb1178a61","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c1175","text":"Predatory publishing poses risks to careers.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"predatory publishing","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"and case studies on why this kind of publishing should be avoid-\ned (due to risks it poses to careers and science).","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c1176","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/be3e0a073d144753","nativeRecordCid":"a23424c9-62a3-4a3f-8a29-09670dfece58","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c1176","text":"Predatory publishing poses risks to science.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"predatory publishing","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"and case studies on why this kind of publishing should be avoid-\ned (due to risks it poses to careers and science).","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c1177","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/25cd37779a744fb6","nativeRecordCid":"8c814c70-330f-46ce-9cbc-8126820bf6f4","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c1177","text":"Creating a model where consumers can legally access the latest scholarly work would be well received by publishers.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"legal single-article access model","epistemicStatus":"hypothesis","anchor":"Our hypothesis is that, in fact, creating a model where consumers can legally \naccess the latest work (or close to it—maybe downloads from this system would be embargoed \nonly briefly but not for as long as free articles) would be extremely well received by both pub-\nlishers and the marketplace, creating new revenue pathways for publishers and cheaper access \nfor customers.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c1178","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/ab18075e05e84c26","nativeRecordCid":"32faa7ff-d065-4b93-bb25-a2409865b597","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c1178","text":"Creating a model where consumers can legally access the latest scholarly work would be well received by the marketplace.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"legal single-article access model","epistemicStatus":"hypothesis","anchor":"Our hypothesis is that, in fact, creating a model where consumers can legally \naccess the latest work (or close to it—maybe downloads from this system would be embargoed \nonly briefly but not for as long as free articles) would be extremely well received by both pub-\nlishers and the marketplace, creating new revenue pathways for publishers and cheaper access \nfor customers.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c1179","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/c2a187c439b44092","nativeRecordCid":"a779caef-ef09-4707-9d0c-bfe4647a1bea","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c1179","text":"Creating a model where consumers can legally access the latest scholarly work would create new revenue pathways for publishers.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"legal single-article access model","epistemicStatus":"hypothesis","anchor":"Our hypothesis is that, in fact, creating a model where consumers can legally \naccess the latest work (or close to it—maybe downloads from this system would be embargoed \nonly briefly but not for as long as free articles) would be extremely well received by both pub-\nlishers and the marketplace, creating new revenue pathways for publishers and cheaper access \nfor customers.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c1180","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/efdc1a85b4d842fa","nativeRecordCid":"47f612f0-944e-48a0-ab3b-d3a09685c4bc","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c1180","text":"Creating a model where consumers can legally access the latest scholarly work would create cheaper access for customers.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"legal single-article access model","epistemicStatus":"hypothesis","anchor":"Our hypothesis is that, in fact, creating a model where consumers can legally \naccess the latest work (or close to it—maybe downloads from this system would be embargoed \nonly briefly but not for as long as free articles) would be extremely well received by both pub-\nlishers and the marketplace, creating new revenue pathways for publishers and cheaper access \nfor customers.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c1181","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/de37f1c0431449e0","nativeRecordCid":"e98e78f9-4364-4f4d-babf-76d5f7bbb68b","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c1181","text":"Meetings are the best way to get solid input from a diverse range of participants.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"meetings for gathering input","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"There is no better way to get solid input from a diverse range of participants than to hold meetings.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c1182","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/f782cce92e3545ad","nativeRecordCid":"9dbd3391-8a39-4764-8412-68dcb5c7984b","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c1182","text":"Broad, collaborative action to develop a roadmap for the future of open science is needed now.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"","subject":"collaborative action on open science roadmap","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"A number of different stakeholder groups (including IGO’s, led by \nUNESCO; scholarly societies, led by the NAS; the AAU, representing university provosts; and \nothers) also realize that broad, collaborative action is needed now.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c1183","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/1f81c9bd530340e4","nativeRecordCid":"e1d10461-85d3-4b31-b3f2-bfdfe7fafe74","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c1183","text":"There is no convergence among the parallel efforts to create a new roadmap for the future of open.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"parallel open-roadmap efforts","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"However, there is no convergence of activity and no central point.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c1184","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/60a96fd370bb46ce","nativeRecordCid":"c974f9e5-a221-47c6-b348-cc6b844a3854","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c1184","text":"There is no central point coordinating the parallel efforts to create a new roadmap for the future of open.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"parallel open-roadmap efforts","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"However, there is no convergence of activity and no central point.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c1185","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/f01b85cd0cb74b42","nativeRecordCid":"60ceaa45-0062-4f95-bc50-6fcb88c39179","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c1185","text":"Studies measuring open are not conducted at regular intervals.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"studies measuring open","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Studies measuring open aren’t conducted at regular intervals and don’t use the \nsame methodology.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c1186","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/cf1621e498854229","nativeRecordCid":"b82d8731-847c-4292-8c63-87a809d5f25b","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c1186","text":"Studies measuring open do not use the same methodology as one another.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"studies measuring open","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Studies measuring open aren’t conducted at regular intervals and don’t use the \nsame methodology.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c1187","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/756e90643ff84cf0","nativeRecordCid":"2a3dd691-c3c0-40d2-bb4c-6750e7a9282c","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c1187","text":"Measuring global progress toward open requires a baseline.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"","subject":"measuring global progress toward open","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"In order to measure global progress toward open, we need a baseline and \nconsistent, comprehensive, global measurements.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c1188","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/0d941ed62df5465f","nativeRecordCid":"ed6f7e83-ed34-47fa-84dc-73241bc92038","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c1188","text":"Measuring global progress toward open requires consistent, comprehensive, global measurements.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"","subject":"measuring global progress toward open","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"In order to measure global progress toward open, we need a baseline and \nconsistent, comprehensive, global measurements.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c1189","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/387d2909b5864e8c","nativeRecordCid":"3a557a29-b920-4209-b25d-f93eb8f80413","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c1189","text":"There are many ways to learn about open.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"ways to learn about open","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"There are many ways to learn about open, far fewer ways to collaborate on global ac-\ntions to improve open that aren’t biased toward set end-points (e.g., “let’s do a global \nflip,” or “let’s remove publishers from the process”).","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c1190","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/885c7894e02442a7","nativeRecordCid":"0d5cf7b2-bca3-44de-aea8-886e9c7b9829","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c1190","text":"There are far fewer ways to collaborate on global actions to improve open that aren't biased toward set end-points.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"ways to collaborate on global open actions","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"There are many ways to learn about open, far fewer ways to collaborate on global ac-\ntions to improve open that aren’t biased toward set end-points (e.g., “let’s do a global \nflip,” or “let’s remove publishers from the process”).","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c1191","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/3b1e2545a980474a","nativeRecordCid":"0b45516f-3cb4-4754-ad40-51106eabfaca","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c1191","text":"There are a great many groups looking for constructive ways to engage in realistic measures to improve open.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"groups engaging with open science reform","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"There are a great many groups look-\ning for constructive ways to engage in realistic measures.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c1192","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/7a7cf822e00c4291","nativeRecordCid":"797f0435-c6af-4675-a352-80334c28dc93","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c1192","text":"A Plan S that changes everything for everyone tomorrow without regard for the consequences is not needed.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"","subject":"approach to open science reform","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"We don’t need a Plan \nS that changes everything for everyone tomorrow without regard for the consequences.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c1193","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/03577d63d00f4c67","nativeRecordCid":"44ae2516-ba72-428a-971f-745e88d9af69","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c1193","text":"Email works okay to continue the conversation.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"email for continuing conversation","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Email works okay to continue the \nconversation, but there is simply no substitute for breaking down walls and making \nprogress than in-person meetings.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1327/c1194","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/59a1fdd425954a71","nativeRecordCid":"685e9105-eb90-40fd-bac8-a9f346f412e6","documentId":"osft-doc-1327","id":"c1194","text":"There is no substitute for in-person meetings for breaking down walls and making progress.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"in-person meetings","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Email works okay to continue the \nconversation, but there is simply no substitute for breaking down walls and making \nprogress than in-person meetings.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1353/c1","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/7bfd7f6c14b54191","nativeRecordCid":"12aed546-9022-4a7f-b34f-ad4a8b3fae82","documentId":"osft-doc-1353","id":"c1","text":"Low sample size, small effect sizes, data dredging, conflicts of interest, and large numbers of scientists working competitively in silos without combining their efforts may dramatically increase the probability that a published finding is incorrect.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"factors increasing probability of incorrect findings","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Low sample size, small effect sizes, data dredging (also\nknown as P-hacking), conflicts of interest, large num -\nbers of scientists working competitively in silos without combin -\ning their efforts, and so on, may conspire to dramatically increase\nthe probability that a published finding is incorrect 1.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1353/c2","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/731b5606ab004461","nativeRecordCid":"481f75e0-8d52-46d4-aab9-830665008704","documentId":"osft-doc-1353","id":"c2","text":"Metascience is defined as the scientific study of science itself.","kind":"definitional","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"metascience","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The field of\nmetascience — the scientific study of science itself — is flourishing\nand has generated substantial empirical evidence for the existence\nand prevalence of threats to efficiency in knowledge accumulation\n(refs 2–7; Fig. 1).","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1353/c3","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/76d6ebecb458431f","nativeRecordCid":"59c20d4e-496c-4d41-a3fe-6d83f939bd0f","documentId":"osft-doc-1353","id":"c3","text":"The field of metascience is flourishing.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"metascience","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The field of\nmetascience — the scientific study of science itself — is flourishing\nand has generated substantial empirical evidence for the existence\nand prevalence of threats to efficiency in knowledge accumulation\n(refs 2–7; Fig. 1).","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1353/c4","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/8e50897042f0418e","nativeRecordCid":"dbe343bc-5c3f-423f-a223-a4afea562c15","documentId":"osft-doc-1353","id":"c4","text":"Metascience has generated substantial empirical evidence for the existence and prevalence of threats to efficiency in knowledge accumulation.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"metascience","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The field of\nmetascience — the scientific study of science itself — is flourishing\nand has generated substantial empirical evidence for the existence\nand prevalence of threats to efficiency in knowledge accumulation\n(refs 2–7; Fig. 1).","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1353/c5","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/755be1b3218547a0","nativeRecordCid":"d0843843-d271-4646-a7f2-2009b0eccfa9","documentId":"osft-doc-1353","id":"c5","text":"Reproducibility in many fields is lower than is desirable.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"reproducibility across fields","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Data from many fields suggests reproducibility is lower than is\ndesirable8–14;","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1353/c6","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/c730827241ed4613","nativeRecordCid":"7109e915-a37b-4288-857e-2c77a35317dd","documentId":"osft-doc-1353","id":"c6","text":"There is substantial room for improvement with regard to research practices to maximize the efficiency of the research community's use of the public's financial investment in research.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"research practices and efficiency","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"accumulated evidence indicates that\nthere is substantial room for improvement with regard to research\npractices to maximize the efficiency of the research community’s\nuse of the public’s financial investment in research.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1353/c7","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/4bab172677fc45c4","nativeRecordCid":"57e32c94-0c7c-4b8a-8a0e-29d1ec3775b5","documentId":"osft-doc-1353","id":"c7","text":"The proposed measures can be implemented by researchers, institutions, journals and funders.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"measures for reproducible science","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"provide a broad,\npractical and evidence-based set of actions that can be implemented\nby researchers, institutions, journals and funders.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1353/c8","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/fb71291ce98d4b44","nativeRecordCid":"a9e357ab-48de-445b-9fcf-11589761c3e4","documentId":"osft-doc-1353","id":"c8","text":"Improving the reliability and efficiency of scientific research increases the credibility of the published scientific literature.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"reliability and efficiency of scientific research","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Improving the reliability and efficiency of scientific research will increase the credibility of the published scientific literature\nand accelerate discovery.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1353/c9","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/0e0ff1d0ea3f4ebf","nativeRecordCid":"ab8db348-167c-44eb-9ed6-23a3972d6103","documentId":"osft-doc-1353","id":"c9","text":"Improving the reliability and efficiency of scientific research accelerates discovery.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"reliability and efficiency of scientific research","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Improving the reliability and efficiency of scientific research will increase the credibility of the published scientific literature\nand accelerate discovery.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1353/c10","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/e18f0263dc414fd0","nativeRecordCid":"b040e15d-bc7d-4d2a-ad87-5b47fab11205","documentId":"osft-doc-1353","id":"c10","text":"There is evidence from simulations and empirical studies supporting the likely effectiveness of the proposed measures.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"effectiveness of the measures","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"There is some evidence from both simulations and\nempirical studies supporting the likely effectiveness of these measures, but their broad adoption by researchers, institutions,\nfunders and journals will require iterative evaluation and improvement.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1353/c11","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/8272cfcfbda84792","nativeRecordCid":"f04d9044-208d-4db8-8f9c-6517b4257999","documentId":"osft-doc-1353","id":"c11","text":"Broad adoption of the proposed measures by researchers, institutions, funders and journals requires iterative evaluation and improvement.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"","subject":"broad adoption of the measures","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"There is some evidence from both simulations and\nempirical studies supporting the likely effectiveness of these measures, but their broad adoption by researchers, institutions,\nfunders and journals will require iterative evaluation and improvement.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1353/c12","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/44f534507fe644ad","nativeRecordCid":"49966f04-eebf-40cf-985a-382d6aee4ad3","documentId":"osft-doc-1353","id":"c12","text":"A hallmark of scientific creativity is the ability to see novel and unexpected patterns in data.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"scientific creativity","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"A hallmark of scientific creativity is the ability to see novel and\nunexpected patterns in data.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1353/c13","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/a8f71e4e41c1406a","nativeRecordCid":"6116bc36-4aba-4885-9468-95c11cdfe70c","documentId":"osft-doc-1353","id":"c13","text":"Breakthroughs in science can be achieved by interpreting observations in a new way.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"scientific breakthroughs","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"John Snow’s identification of links\nbetween cholera and water supply17, Paul Broca’s work on language\nlateralization18 and Jocelyn Bell Burnell’s discovery of pulsars 19 are\nexamples of breakthroughs achieved by interpreting observations in\na new way.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1353/c14","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/9277e2b617404145","nativeRecordCid":"6ffcd077-8ccc-4ff2-be67-8ac6ffb19ee2","documentId":"osft-doc-1353","id":"c14","text":"A major challenge for scientists is to be open to new and important insights while simultaneously avoiding being misled by the tendency to see structure in randomness.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"challenge facing scientists","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"a major challenge for scientists is to be open\nto new and important insights while simultaneously avoiding being\nmisled by our tendency to see structure in randomness.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1353/c15","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/d007a24563144b23","nativeRecordCid":"ac03db59-052a-4254-a92f-79a682a8eeae","documentId":"osft-doc-1353","id":"c15","text":"Apophenia is defined as the tendency to see patterns in random data.","kind":"definitional","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"apophenia","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The combi-\nnation of apophenia (the tendency to see patterns in random data),\nconfirmation bias (the tendency to focus on evidence that is in line\nwith our expectations or favoured explanation) and hindsight bias\n(the tendency to see an event as having been predictable only after\nit has occurred) can easily lead us to false conclusions 20.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1353/c16","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/05a2474b5e1e4c0a","nativeRecordCid":"5a1805e5-1edb-432a-b896-b4ffa4407f93","documentId":"osft-doc-1353","id":"c16","text":"Confirmation bias is defined as the tendency to focus on evidence that is in line with expectations or favoured explanation.","kind":"definitional","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"confirmation bias","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The combi-\nnation of apophenia (the tendency to see patterns in random data),\nconfirmation bias (the tendency to focus on evidence that is in line\nwith our expectations or favoured explanation) and hindsight bias\n(the tendency to see an event as having been predictable only after\nit has occurred) can easily lead us to false conclusions 20.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1353/c17","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/1aff47bdd38d4cec","nativeRecordCid":"eee6b849-6d96-4d41-b3bc-b17b593277e7","documentId":"osft-doc-1353","id":"c17","text":"Hindsight bias is defined as the tendency to see an event as having been predictable only after it has occurred.","kind":"definitional","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"hindsight bias","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The combi-\nnation of apophenia (the tendency to see patterns in random data),\nconfirmation bias (the tendency to focus on evidence that is in line\nwith our expectations or favoured explanation) and hindsight bias\n(the tendency to see an event as having been predictable only after\nit has occurred) can easily lead us to false conclusions 20.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1353/c18","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/3ae4c0b42bc64e28","nativeRecordCid":"b6616e51-35d6-449b-9a1b-f4de291d2ca8","documentId":"osft-doc-1353","id":"c18","text":"The combination of apophenia, confirmation bias and hindsight bias can easily lead to false conclusions.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"apophenia, confirmation bias and hindsight bias combined","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The combi-\nnation of apophenia (the tendency to see patterns in random data),\nconfirmation bias (the tendency to focus on evidence that is in line\nwith our expectations or favoured explanation) and hindsight bias\n(the tendency to see an event as having been predictable only after\nit has occurred) can easily lead us to false conclusions 20.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1353/c19","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/07c778a34a084cfd","nativeRecordCid":"d20cdebb-4c27-4ee0-b94a-ce7f7c40469d","documentId":"osft-doc-1353","id":"c19","text":"Over-interpretation of noise is facilitated by the extent to which data analysis is rapid, flexible and automated.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"over-interpretation of noise","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Over-interpretation of noise is facilitated by the extent to which\ndata analysis is rapid, flexible and automated 23.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1353/c20","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/a2ad72fe6cd14ba3","nativeRecordCid":"1f5684b7-fda3-4bbb-9a1d-01ad304062f9","documentId":"osft-doc-1353","id":"c20","text":"In a high-dimensional dataset, there may be hundreds or thousands of reasonable alternative approaches to analysing the same data.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"analytical approaches to high-dimensional data","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"In a high-dimen -\nsional dataset, there may be hundreds or thousands of reasonable\nalternative approaches to analysing the same data24,25.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1353/c21","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/32e86f6df308499e","nativeRecordCid":"f28bd1f6-51e2-4acb-a046-bd0e03490026","documentId":"osft-doc-1353","id":"c21","text":"If several thousand potential analytical pipelines can be applied to high-dimensional data, the generation of false-positive findings is highly likely.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"analytical pipelines and false-positive findings","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"If several thousand\npotential analytical pipelines can be applied to high-dimensional\ndata, the generation of false-positive findings is highly likely.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1353/c22","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/c122ee2349084ad2","nativeRecordCid":"55273bf5-5e63-4e6f-9b65-66c361ad3b65","documentId":"osft-doc-1353","id":"c22","text":"During data analysis it can be difficult for researchers to recognize P-hacking or data dredging.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"recognizing P-hacking during analysis","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"During data analysis it can be difficult for researchers to recognize\nP-hacking28 or data dredging because confirmation and hindsight\nbiases can encourage the acceptance of outcomes that fit expecta -\ntions or desires as appropriate, and the rejection of outcomes that do\nnot as the result of suboptimal designs or analyses.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1353/c23","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/188033ee587c4863","nativeRecordCid":"4074d0d2-cca9-4fa2-9df6-6476b959c0df","documentId":"osft-doc-1353","id":"c23","text":"Confirmation and hindsight biases can encourage the acceptance of outcomes that fit expectations or desires as appropriate.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"confirmation and hindsight biases","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"During data analysis it can be difficult for researchers to recognize\nP-hacking28 or data dredging because confirmation and hindsight\nbiases can encourage the acceptance of outcomes that fit expecta -\ntions or desires as appropriate, and the rejection of outcomes that do\nnot as the result of suboptimal designs or analyses.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1353/c24","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/4aa51c7fa30d4c7d","nativeRecordCid":"489044be-3fc8-4e00-80c2-beb13407c028","documentId":"osft-doc-1353","id":"c24","text":"Confirmation and hindsight biases can encourage the rejection of outcomes that do not fit expectations or desires as the result of suboptimal designs or analyses.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"confirmation and hindsight biases","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"During data analysis it can be difficult for researchers to recognize\nP-hacking28 or data dredging because confirmation and hindsight\nbiases can encourage the acceptance of outcomes that fit expecta -\ntions or desires as appropriate, and the rejection of outcomes that do\nnot as the result of suboptimal designs or analyses.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1353/c25","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/a963194507324355","nativeRecordCid":"1e5af018-918c-4258-8719-956455438b90","documentId":"osft-doc-1353","id":"c25","text":"Hypotheses may emerge that fit the data and are then reported without indication or recognition of their post hoc origin.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"post hoc hypotheses","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Hypotheses may\nemerge that fit the data and are then reported without indication or\nrecognition of their post hoc origin7.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1353/c26","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/4e812827238040c6","nativeRecordCid":"ab26b070-513c-40da-a205-5f6bd74bafb1","documentId":"osft-doc-1353","id":"c26","text":"Reporting post hoc hypotheses without acknowledging their post hoc origin is not scientific discovery but self-deception.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"undisclosed post hoc hypothesizing","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"This, unfortunately, is not sci-\nentific discovery, but self-deception29.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1353/c27","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/49685ca422164056","nativeRecordCid":"38c2570b-bdc8-4ee3-972e-731628b80e03","documentId":"osft-doc-1353","id":"c27","text":"Uncontrolled, reporting post hoc hypotheses without disclosure can dramatically increase the false discovery rate.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"undisclosed post hoc hypothesizing","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Uncontrolled, it can dramati-\ncally increase the false discovery rate.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1353/c28","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/91c76e6d2c554734","nativeRecordCid":"b72422b8-0fd7-4992-b43a-443e19785496","documentId":"osft-doc-1353","id":"c28","text":"Measures are needed to counter the natural tendency of enthusiastic scientists who are motivated by discovery to see patterns in noise.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"","subject":"measures to counter pattern-seeking tendency","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"We need measures to counter\nthe natural tendency of enthusiastic scientists who are motivated by\ndiscovery to see patterns in noise.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1353/c29","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/8d545ca52af44ae7","nativeRecordCid":"f8f9ce3c-646e-4bc2-8d1d-9ce29a438b7d","documentId":"osft-doc-1353","id":"c29","text":"An effective solution to mitigate self-deception and unwanted biases is blinding.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"blinding as a solution to bias","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"An effective solution to mitigate self-deception and unwanted\nbiases is blinding.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1353/c30","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/c263b7f2cc50438a","nativeRecordCid":"0b55621d-d243-4c49-a77e-f9512e83ae60","documentId":"osft-doc-1353","id":"c30","text":"In some research contexts, participants and data collectors can be blinded to the experimental condition that participants are assigned to and to the research hypotheses.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"blinding of participants and data collectors","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"In some research contexts, participants and data collectors can be\nblinded to the experimental condition that participants are assigned\nto, and to the research hypotheses, while the data analyst can be\nblinded to key parts of the data.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1353/c31","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/9e57e79fb12c482d","nativeRecordCid":"587fc341-f3da-4d69-9573-320de5b415a5","documentId":"osft-doc-1353","id":"c31","text":"In some research contexts, the data analyst can be blinded to key parts of the data.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"blinding of the data analyst","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"In some research contexts, participants and data collectors can be\nblinded to the experimental condition that participants are assigned\nto, and to the research hypotheses, while the data analyst can be\nblinded to key parts of the data.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1353/c32","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/fa50d617caa54c42","nativeRecordCid":"29b57a78-e7b5-4ce6-ac7e-42caeb6e00f5","documentId":"osft-doc-1353","id":"c32","text":"During data preparation and cleaning, the identity of experimental conditions or variable labels can be masked so that the output is not interpretable in terms of the research hypothesis.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"masking of experimental conditions during data preparation","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"For example, during data prepa -\nration and cleaning, the identity of experimental conditions or the\nvariable labels can be masked so that the output is not interpretable\nin terms of the research hypothesis.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1353/c33","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/06a741abdd944e18","nativeRecordCid":"33eff5e7-4a79-4fd1-a134-e2bd14d4e1b0","documentId":"osft-doc-1353","id":"c33","text":"In some physical sciences, deliberate perturbations in or masking of data allow data preparation to proceed without the analyst being able to see the corresponding results.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"data masking in physical sciences","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"In some physical sciences this\napproach has been extended to include deliberate perturbations in\nor masking of data to allow data preparation (for example, iden -\ntification of outliers) to proceed without the analyst being able to\nsee the corresponding results30.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1353/c34","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/4e1e60d5d8a64240","nativeRecordCid":"fe72aa71-8bfd-4531-869e-a490a667f416","documentId":"osft-doc-1353","id":"c34","text":"Pre-registration of the study design, primary outcomes and analysis plan is a highly effective form of blinding because the data do not exist and the outcomes are not yet known.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"pre-registration as a form of blinding","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Pre-registration of the study design,\nprimary outcome(s) and analysis plan (see ‘Promoting study pre-\nregistration’ section’ , below) is a highly effective form of blinding\nbecause the data do not exist and the outcomes are not yet known.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1353/c35","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/57df314fe8284b39","nativeRecordCid":"01e06369-043f-40e6-86b6-43abff6c4dde","documentId":"osft-doc-1353","id":"c35","text":"Research design and statistical analysis are mutually dependent.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"research design and statistical analysis","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Research design and statis -\ntical analysis are mutually dependent.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1353/c36","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/ebd50e41b3a0445f","nativeRecordCid":"8d104e98-b164-4f90-ac67-edf8d681b0e5","documentId":"osft-doc-1353","id":"c36","text":"Common misperceptions such as the interpretation of P values, limitations of null-hypothesis significance testing, the meaning and importance of statistical power, the accuracy of reported effect sizes, and the likelihood that a significant sample size will be adequate to replicate a true finding could all be addressed through improved statistical training.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"statistical misperceptions and training","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Common misperceptions,\nsuch as the interpretation of P values31, limitations of null-hypothe-\nsis significance testing32, the meaning and importance of statistical\npower2, the accuracy of reported effect sizes 33, and the likelihood\nthat a sample size that generated a statistically significant finding will\nalso be adequate to replicate a true finding34, could all be addressed\nthrough improved statistical training.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1353/c37","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/1567d0e886ee4eeb","nativeRecordCid":"26855074-fffd-4ab2-bc25-f08fe1f21550","documentId":"osft-doc-1353","id":"c37","text":"Basic design principles such as blinding to reduce experimenter bias, randomization or counterbalancing to control for confounding, and the use of within-subjects designs to maximize power are important.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"basic design principles","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Similarly, basic design prin -\nciples are important, such as blinding to reduce experimenter bias,\nrandomization or counterbalancing to control for confounding,\nand the use of within-subjects designs, where possible, to maxi -\nmize power.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1353/c38","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/3a8f51aec40e4d96","nativeRecordCid":"d8e5a582-1220-42eb-8c99-4d123bb115bd","documentId":"osft-doc-1353","id":"c38","text":"Integrative training in research practices that can protect against cognitive biases and the effects of distorted incentives is more important than basic design training.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"integrative training in research practices","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"However, integrative training in research practices that\ncan protect oneself against cognitive biases and the effects of dis -\ntorted incentives is arguably more important.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1353/c39","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/6564d4065a934bf8","nativeRecordCid":"4537b4bc-c953-4312-bd1e-37c1316514fd","documentId":"osft-doc-1353","id":"c39","text":"Statistical and methodological best practices are under constant revision and improvement.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"statistical and methodological best practices","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Moreover, statistical\nand methodological best practices are under constant revision and\nimprovement, so that senior as well as junior researchers need con-\ntinuing methodological education, not least because much training\nof early-career researchers is informal and flows from their supervi-\nsor or mentor.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1353/c40","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/9a8bc3aeff5e4b08","nativeRecordCid":"c2e7f9ea-f316-4063-b737-18f0d5289d91","documentId":"osft-doc-1353","id":"c40","text":"Senior as well as junior researchers need continuing methodological education.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"senior and junior researchers","subject":"continuing methodological education","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Moreover, statistical\nand methodological best practices are under constant revision and\nimprovement, so that senior as well as junior researchers need con-\ntinuing methodological education, not least because much training\nof early-career researchers is informal and flows from their supervi-\nsor or mentor.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1353/c41","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/74a6b6621cc74ab5","nativeRecordCid":"37345c80-585c-4415-bd45-9dd0e9c92fac","documentId":"osft-doc-1353","id":"c41","text":"Much training of early-career researchers is informal and flows from their supervisor or mentor.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"training of early-career researchers","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Moreover, statistical\nand methodological best practices are under constant revision and\nimprovement, so that senior as well as junior researchers need con-\ntinuing methodological education, not least because much training\nof early-career researchers is informal and flows from their supervi-\nsor or mentor.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1353/c42","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/d643bf02422f498f","nativeRecordCid":"d2d4e496-fa42-40f8-ab2a-55827965865f","documentId":"osft-doc-1353","id":"c42","text":"A failure to adopt advances in methodology may be partly a function of failing to inculcate a continuing professional education and development ethic.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"failure to adopt methodological advances","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"A failure to adopt advances in methodology — such as\nthe very slow progress in increasing statistical power 35,36 — may\nbe partly a function of failing to inculcate a continuing professional\neducation and development ethic.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1353/c43","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/01c638525bf24a37","nativeRecordCid":"050e4487-1b46-4741-ab9b-0d811ee7a786","documentId":"osft-doc-1353","id":"c43","text":"Without formal requirements for continuing education, the most effective solutions may be to develop educational resources that are accessible, easy-to-digest and immediately and effectively applicable to research.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"solutions for continuing education without formal requirements","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Without formal requirements for continuing education, the most\neffective solutions may be to develop educational resources that are\naccessible, easy-to-digest and immediately and effectively applicable\nto research","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1353/c44","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/dc8c33bc82064a4c","nativeRecordCid":"04e26773-3228-408b-aed6-1326faacf84c","documentId":"osft-doc-1353","id":"c44","text":"A modular approach simplifies the process of iterative updating of educational materials.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"modular approach to educational materials","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"A modular approach simplifies the process of\niterative updating of those materials.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1353/c45","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/d9deda6e670f49df","nativeRecordCid":"c7c51647-5f9c-4c70-96e2-4571f12e3960","documentId":"osft-doc-1353","id":"c45","text":"Demonstration software and hands-on examples may make the lessons and implications particularly tangible to researchers at any career stage.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"demonstration software and hands-on examples","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Demonstration software and\nhands-on examples may also make the lessons and implications par-\nticularly tangible to researchers at any career stage:","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1353/c46","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/c227cfb23b0b4dcc","nativeRecordCid":"1a4b7c49-10b1-4d6b-be4f-6da9f659dfd8","documentId":"osft-doc-1353","id":"c46","text":"The need for independent methodological support is well-established in some areas.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"need for independent methodological support","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The need\nfor independent methodological support is well-established in some\nareas","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1353/c47","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/375bf01b190c45dc","nativeRecordCid":"8d3334f8-4910-4c0e-8ad7-acd4d76aa694","documentId":"osft-doc-1353","id":"c47","text":"Many clinical trials have multidisciplinary trial steering committees to provide advice and oversee the design and conduct of the trial.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"clinical trial steering committees","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"many clinical trials, for example, have\nmultidisciplinary trial steering committees to provide advice and\noversee the design and conduct of the trial.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1353/c48","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/623ae151cd7d4776","nativeRecordCid":"d7d433f3-fede-4b1b-bca4-a092e3fd980c","documentId":"osft-doc-1353","id":"c48","text":"The need for trial steering committees grew out of the well-understood financial conflicts of interest that exist in many clinical trials.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"origin of trial steering committees","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The need for these committees grew out of\nthe well-understood financial conflicts of interest that exist in many\nclinical trials.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1353/c49","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/ff03a5f374664d36","nativeRecordCid":"c33fd891-02a3-4b66-91df-fe8c1b7fa0f1","documentId":"osft-doc-1353","id":"c49","text":"The sponsor of a trial may be the company manufacturing the product.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"trial sponsors","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The sponsor of a trial may be the company manufac -\nturing the product,","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1353/c50","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/8e4337feb0f04513","nativeRecordCid":"d9ef30d9-6e41-4d91-a2ce-af062e54518f","documentId":"osft-doc-1353","id":"c50","text":"Any intentional or unintentional influence from a trial sponsor can distort the study design, analysis and interpretation of results for the ultimate financial benefit of the manufacturer at the cost of the accuracy of the science and the health benefit to consumers.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"sponsor influence on trials","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"any intentional or unintentional influence\ncan distort the study design, analysis and interpretation of results for\nthe ultimate financial benefit of the manufacturer at the cost of the\naccuracy of the science and the health benefit to the consumers 37,38.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1353/c51","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/667833e958ae4b25","nativeRecordCid":"b2bdc661-73b4-4adb-b5b5-cbf68ad99f25","documentId":"osft-doc-1353","id":"c51","text":"Non-financial conflicts of interest also exist, such as the beliefs and preconceptions of individual scientists and the stakes that researchers have in obtaining publishable results in order to progress their career.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"non-financial conflicts of interest","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Non-financial conflicts of interest also exist, such as the beliefs and\npreconceptions of individual scientists and the stakes that research-\ners have in obtaining publishable results in order to progress their\ncareer39,40.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1353/c52","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/4cb0f1f8534e4706","nativeRecordCid":"31898f6a-cae0-4077-ae9e-59297c65e9d7","documentId":"osft-doc-1353","id":"c52","text":"Including independent researchers in the design, monitoring, analysis or interpretation of research outcomes may mitigate some non-financial and financial influences.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"including independent researchers in research","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Including independent researchers (particularly meth -\nodologists with no personal investment in a research topic) in the\ndesign, monitoring, analysis or interpretation of research outcomes\nmay mitigate some of those influences,","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1353/c53","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/f8b91d36d90e42fb","nativeRecordCid":"9ba01c06-f396-4bd2-b1f7-1041074ed59b","documentId":"osft-doc-1353","id":"c53","text":"Including independent researchers can be done either at the level of the individual research project or through a process facilitated by a funding agency.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"including independent researchers in research","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"and can be done either at the\nlevel of the individual research project or through a process facili -\ntated by a funding agency (see Box 1).","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1353/c54","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/0223daa7b4b242e0","nativeRecordCid":"a17e4cba-f046-4340-b616-1732c6956321","documentId":"osft-doc-1353","id":"c54","text":"Statistical power in research studies is persistently below 50%, across both time and different disciplines.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"statistical power in research","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Studies of statisti-\ncal power persistently find it to be below (sometimes well below)\n50%, across both time and the different disciplines studied 2,35,36.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1353/c55","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/680bd419207142b8","nativeRecordCid":"7d1e44af-d831-46b8-9b9c-bdda9a16167a","documentId":"osft-doc-1353","id":"c55","text":"Low statistical power increases the likelihood of obtaining false-positive results.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"low statistical power","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Low statistical power increases the likelihood of obtaining both\nfalse-positive and false-negative results 2, meaning that it offers no\nadvantage if the purpose is to accumulate knowledge.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1353/c56","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/b8497e96e0eb4b99","nativeRecordCid":"2ff248b9-2db8-4197-87d4-ec7987579f31","documentId":"osft-doc-1353","id":"c56","text":"Low statistical power increases the likelihood of obtaining false-negative results.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"low statistical power","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Low statistical power increases the likelihood of obtaining both\nfalse-positive and false-negative results 2, meaning that it offers no\nadvantage if the purpose is to accumulate knowledge.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1353/c57","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/35177b572b0c4c34","nativeRecordCid":"1171ecea-19d1-4d68-927b-09a85d8917a7","documentId":"osft-doc-1353","id":"c57","text":"Low statistical power offers no advantage if the purpose is to accumulate knowledge.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"low statistical power","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Low statistical power increases the likelihood of obtaining both\nfalse-positive and false-negative results 2, meaning that it offers no\nadvantage if the purpose is to accumulate knowledge.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1353/c58","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/5b28ce72b4f74469","nativeRecordCid":"d53fdc4b-74f3-4917-b922-1dec250add97","documentId":"osft-doc-1353","id":"c58","text":"Low-powered research persists because of dysfunctional incentives, poor understanding of the consequences of low power, and lack of resources to improve power.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"persistence of low-powered research","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Despite this, low-powered research persists because of dysfunctional incentives, poor\nunderstanding of the consequences of low power, and lack of\nresources to improve power.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1353/c59","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/141b9875de304b74","nativeRecordCid":"b35daacf-556a-49bd-894f-2ee23efe7ec4","documentId":"osft-doc-1353","id":"c59","text":"Team science is a solution to the problem of lack of resources to improve statistical power.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"team science","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Team science is a solution to the lat -\nter problem — instead of relying on the limited resources of sin -\ngle investigators, distributed collaboration across many study sites\nfacilitates high-powered designs and greater potential for testing\ngeneralizability across the settings and populations sampled.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1353/c60","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/27285f1fbdc04736","nativeRecordCid":"f752600b-be4d-49c8-9be7-8c54e7e0aeaa","documentId":"osft-doc-1353","id":"c60","text":"Distributed collaboration across many study sites facilitates high-powered research designs.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"distributed collaboration across study sites","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Team science is a solution to the lat -\nter problem — instead of relying on the limited resources of sin -\ngle investigators, distributed collaboration across many study sites\nfacilitates high-powered designs and greater potential for testing\ngeneralizability across the settings and populations sampled.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1353/c61","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/df2117f664834785","nativeRecordCid":"35288452-7c66-40db-8769-590b0a1834c4","documentId":"osft-doc-1353","id":"c61","text":"Distributed collaboration across many study sites facilitates greater potential for testing generalizability across the settings and populations sampled.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"distributed collaboration across study sites","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Team science is a solution to the lat -\nter problem — instead of relying on the limited resources of sin -\ngle investigators, distributed collaboration across many study sites\nfacilitates high-powered designs and greater potential for testing\ngeneralizability across the settings and populations sampled.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1353/c62","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/e7c27691c5e84344","nativeRecordCid":"5822544c-cab4-4ccc-bf58-3ba086f96c35","documentId":"osft-doc-1353","id":"c62","text":"Distributed collaboration across many study sites brings greater scope for multiple theoretical and disciplinary perspectives and a diverse range of research cultures and experiences to be incorporated into a research project.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"distributed collaboration across study sites","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"This\nalso brings greater scope for multiple theoretical and disciplinary\nperspectives, and a diverse range of research cultures and experi -\nences, to be incorporated into a research project.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1353/c63","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/1194ca8971f849df","nativeRecordCid":"c017f114-12ff-48da-be07-7c61cda05a18","documentId":"osft-doc-1353","id":"c63","text":"Threats to reproducible science undermine the robustness of published research.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"threats to reproducible science","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"T ogether these will serve to\nundermine the robustness of published research, and may also impact on\nthe ability of science to self-correct.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1353/c64","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/2e23ad98b7b14887","nativeRecordCid":"fa6de53f-c529-4c5a-a13e-dd050688d8b3","documentId":"osft-doc-1353","id":"c64","text":"Threats to reproducible science may impact on the ability of science to self-correct.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"threats to reproducible science","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"T ogether these will serve to\nundermine the robustness of published research, and may also impact on\nthe ability of science to self-correct.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1353/c65","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/a1ebfb40dd894461","nativeRecordCid":"4c45db70-135c-4390-af0f-e74ba847a9f9","documentId":"osft-doc-1353","id":"c65","text":"Multi-centre and collaborative efforts have a long and successful tradition in fields such as randomized controlled trials in some areas of clinical medicine and in genetic association analyses.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"multi-centre collaborative efforts","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Multi-centre and collaborative efforts have a long and success -\nful tradition in fields such as randomized controlled trials in some\nareas of clinical medicine, and in genetic association analyses, and\nhave improved the robustness of the resulting research literatures.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1353/c66","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/3e22ac4d381f4e44","nativeRecordCid":"f0506e82-6ae7-4235-a198-403bd4fcd101","documentId":"osft-doc-1353","id":"c66","text":"Multi-centre and collaborative efforts have improved the robustness of the resulting research literatures.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"multi-centre collaborative efforts","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Multi-centre and collaborative efforts have a long and success -\nful tradition in fields such as randomized controlled trials in some\nareas of clinical medicine, and in genetic association analyses, and\nhave improved the robustness of the resulting research literatures.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1353/c67","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/ef690255b2fe4889","nativeRecordCid":"eff05795-8f83-4cc8-a559-f385eb101186","documentId":"osft-doc-1353","id":"c67","text":"Multi-site collaborative projects have been advocated for other types of research, such as animal studies, to maximize their power, enhance standardization, and optimize transparency and protection from biases.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"multi-site collaborative projects in other research types","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Multi-site collaborative projects have also been advocated for other\ntypes of research, such as animal studies 41–43, in an effort to maxi -\nmize their power, enhance standardization, and optimize transpar-\nency and protection from biases.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1353/c68","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/a93732e609e2435c","nativeRecordCid":"5c304a67-b88b-4bef-80cb-a03bfe87e228","documentId":"osft-doc-1353","id":"c68","text":"The Many Labs projects illustrate the potential of multi-site collaboration in the social and behavioural sciences by having dozens of laboratories implement the same research protocol to obtain highly precise estimates of effect sizes and evaluate variability across samples and settings.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"Many Labs projects","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The Many Labs projects illustrate\nthis potential in the social and behavioural sciences, with dozens\nof laboratories implementing the same research protocol to obtain\nhighly precise estimates of effect sizes, and evaluate variability\nacross samples and settings 44,45.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1353/c69","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/63303268b82849fa","nativeRecordCid":"8e766da0-e88f-4466-88eb-873309b15f8e","documentId":"osft-doc-1353","id":"c69","text":"A team science ethos should be incorporated into student training.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"","subject":"team science ethos in student training","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"It is also possible, and desirable, to\nincorporate a team science ethos into student training (see Box 2).","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1353/c70","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/c214b344120549f7","nativeRecordCid":"0332500c-e7b8-453d-8393-f7dc160cd0ea","documentId":"osft-doc-1353","id":"c70","text":"Pre-registration of study protocols for randomized controlled trials in clinical medicine has become standard practice.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"pre-registration in clinical medicine","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Pre-registration of study pro-\ntocols for randomized controlled trials in clinical medicine has\nbecome standard practice 46.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1353/c71","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/70a0bb165a2341a0","nativeRecordCid":"397ea62f-f7c4-406b-a96f-9859c21eca21","documentId":"osft-doc-1353","id":"c71","text":"In its simplest form, pre-registration can comprise the registration of the basic study design.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"pre-registration content","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"In its simplest form it may simply\ncomprise the registration of the basic study design, but it can also\ninclude a detailed pre-specification of the study procedures, out -\ncomes and statistical analysis plan.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1353/c72","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/3ce4ea9ee2704d4a","nativeRecordCid":"40bbcf0a-9d42-466d-9b7b-019cf3df08de","documentId":"osft-doc-1353","id":"c72","text":"Pre-registration can include a detailed pre-specification of the study procedures, outcomes and statistical analysis plan.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"pre-registration content","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"In its simplest form it may simply\ncomprise the registration of the basic study design, but it can also\ninclude a detailed pre-specification of the study procedures, out -\ncomes and statistical analysis plan.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1353/c73","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/fcba1d3b7fb5440d","nativeRecordCid":"bbcd1091-061f-4477-a5c2-53fc254c213f","documentId":"osft-doc-1353","id":"c73","text":"Pre-registration was introduced to address publication bias.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"purpose of pre-registration","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"It was introduced to address two\nproblems: publication bias and analytical flexibility (in particular\noutcome switching in the case of clinical medicine).","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1353/c74","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/c0e9d3b78b3e48c4","nativeRecordCid":"2a0362aa-f658-4c2c-bca1-87bd12f09d16","documentId":"osft-doc-1353","id":"c74","text":"Pre-registration was introduced to address analytical flexibility, particularly outcome switching in the case of clinical medicine.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"purpose of pre-registration","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"It was introduced to address two\nproblems: publication bias and analytical flexibility (in particular\noutcome switching in the case of clinical medicine).","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1353/c75","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/13c15c3559d447ee","nativeRecordCid":"af955412-dd47-46fd-b1a8-2e79508ac026","documentId":"osft-doc-1353","id":"c75","text":"Publication bias is defined as the fact that many more studies are conducted than published.","kind":"definitional","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"publication bias","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Publication\nbias47, also known as the file drawer problem 48, refers to the fact\nthat many more studies are conducted than published.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1353/c76","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/66ed1881a67b4014","nativeRecordCid":"e001e8da-cdd7-4f2f-9035-c7536807cc44","documentId":"osft-doc-1353","id":"c76","text":"Studies that obtain positive and novel results are more likely to be published than studies that obtain negative results or report replications of prior results.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"publication likelihood by result type","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Studies that\nobtain positive and novel results are more likely to be published than\nstudies that obtain negative results or report replications of prior\nresults47,49,50.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1353/c77","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/2749d5ae247845fb","nativeRecordCid":"7f2d0005-242d-4225-9f8a-00b3e8663bce","documentId":"osft-doc-1353","id":"c77","text":"The published literature indicates stronger evidence for findings than exists in reality.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"published literature and evidence strength","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The consequence is that the published literature indi -\ncates stronger evidence for findings than exists in reality.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1353/c78","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/d6726f29b0544e34","nativeRecordCid":"3b2eab26-a7ec-489a-b42b-dde12bd2cc2a","documentId":"osft-doc-1353","id":"c78","text":"Outcome switching is defined as the possibility of changing the outcomes of interest in a study depending on the observed results.","kind":"definitional","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"outcome switching","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Outcome\nswitching refers to the possibility of changing the outcomes of inter-\nest in the study depending on the observed results.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1353/c79","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/b442622096e14a71","nativeRecordCid":"1bc5ce60-ad82-408e-8909-7881e742ba83","documentId":"osft-doc-1353","id":"c79","text":"Outcome switching increases the likelihood that reported results are spurious by leveraging chance.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"outcome switching","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The consequence\nis an increase in the likelihood that reported results are spurious\nby leveraging chance, while negative evidence gets ignored.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1353/c80","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/c4c40eb4bf8c4d1e","nativeRecordCid":"10b59c60-8e99-44a4-add0-993f0739e708","documentId":"osft-doc-1353","id":"c80","text":"Outcome switching causes negative evidence to be ignored.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"outcome switching","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The consequence\nis an increase in the likelihood that reported results are spurious\nby leveraging chance, while negative evidence gets ignored.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1353/c81","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/739f05ad65654778","nativeRecordCid":"da1ac099-e39c-4f43-978e-5c6b9caf3d2e","documentId":"osft-doc-1353","id":"c81","text":"Research practices such as selection of models, exclusion rules and covariates can inflate spurious findings when analysis decisions are made with knowledge of the observed data.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"data-contingent analysis practices","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"This is one of several related research practices that can inflate spuri -\nous findings when analysis decisions are made with knowledge of\nthe observed data, such as selection of models, exclusion rules and\ncovariates.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1353/c82","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/7d81b6edf32541a5","nativeRecordCid":"2aacf63a-6f5d-4ec9-9349-ba3c84e19d81","documentId":"osft-doc-1353","id":"c82","text":"Data-contingent analysis decisions are defined as what has become known as P-hacking.","kind":"definitional","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"P-hacking","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Such data-contingent analysis decisions constitute what\nhas become known as P-hacking51, and pre-registration can protect\nagainst all of these.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1353/c83","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/3c6f86ccea694a10","nativeRecordCid":"6cb02ef0-6732-4860-9c77-c412b7d3b947","documentId":"osft-doc-1353","id":"c83","text":"Pre-registration can protect against publication bias, outcome switching, and P-hacking.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"pre-registration","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Such data-contingent analysis decisions constitute what\nhas become known as P-hacking51, and pre-registration can protect\nagainst all of these.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1353/c84","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/9ca85db8000f4481","nativeRecordCid":"e79f1794-d98c-4fe2-b58e-e7d1eef3740b","documentId":"osft-doc-1353","id":"c84","text":"The strongest form of pre-registration involves registering the study with a commitment to make the results public.","kind":"definitional","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"strongest form of pre-registration","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The strongest form of pre-registration involves both register -\ning the study (with a commitment to make the results public) and\nclosely pre-specifying the study design, primary outcome and anal-\nysis plan in advance of conducting the study or knowing the out -\ncomes of the research.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1353/c85","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/2a5789ad144949dd","nativeRecordCid":"9876c4c8-85cf-47c3-818e-ad34740d85c5","documentId":"osft-doc-1353","id":"c85","text":"The strongest form of pre-registration involves closely pre-specifying the study design, primary outcome and analysis plan in advance of conducting the study or knowing the outcomes.","kind":"definitional","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"strongest form of pre-registration","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The strongest form of pre-registration involves both register -\ning the study (with a commitment to make the results public) and\nclosely pre-specifying the study design, primary outcome and anal-\nysis plan in advance of conducting the study or knowing the out -\ncomes of the research.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1353/c86","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/a14a79aea4144a8d","nativeRecordCid":"b50f51fb-312c-4ac2-babd-8879c6a26df8","documentId":"osft-doc-1353","id":"c86","text":"Pre-registration addresses publication bias by making all research discoverable, whether or not it is ultimately published, allowing all evidence about a finding to be obtained and evaluated.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"pre-registration and publication bias","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"In principle, this addresses publication bias\nby making all research discoverable, whether or not it is ultimately\npublished, allowing all of the evidence about a finding to be obtained\nand evaluated.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1353/c87","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/67f5c03144bd4904","nativeRecordCid":"923b9cec-4258-456d-9a3e-5071b323fdce","documentId":"osft-doc-1353","id":"c87","text":"Pre-registration addresses outcome switching by requiring the researcher to articulate analytical decisions prior to observing the data, so that these decisions remain data-independent.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"pre-registration and outcome switching","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"It also addresses\noutcome switching, and P-hacking\nmore generally, by requiring the researcher to articulate analytical\ndecisions prior to observing the data, so that these decisions remain\ndata-independent.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1353/c88","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/bc684eea67484ea5","nativeRecordCid":"7c7304f0-86fa-4527-874f-d67c9818dbb2","documentId":"osft-doc-1353","id":"c88","text":"Pre-registration addresses P-hacking more generally by requiring the researcher to articulate analytical decisions prior to observing the data, so that these decisions remain data-independent.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"pre-registration and P-hacking","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"It also addresses\noutcome switching, and P-hacking\nmore generally, by requiring the researcher to articulate analytical\ndecisions prior to observing the data, so that these decisions remain\ndata-independent.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1353/c89","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/7c43630d44ed4ff1","nativeRecordCid":"c848e7a5-fa87-464e-9574-23ed45172e27","documentId":"osft-doc-1353","id":"c89","text":"Confirmatory research that is data-independent is important for testing hypotheses.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"confirmatory research","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"between data-independent confirmatory research that is important\nfor testing hypotheses, and data-contingent exploratory research\nthat is important for generating hypotheses.","representedInStars":false}
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{"key":"osft-doc-1353/c91","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/c7327d1285be4127","nativeRecordCid":"593555a7-ec85-44b0-b3a0-5186bc7d44a4","documentId":"osft-doc-1353","id":"c91","text":"Pre-registration is now common in some areas of clinical medicine due to requirements by journals and regulatory bodies.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"pre-registration in clinical medicine","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"While pre-registration is now common in some areas of clinical\nmedicine (due to requirements by journals and regulatory bodies,\nsuch as the Food and Drug Administration in the United States and\nthe European Medicines Agency in the European Union), it is rare\nin the social and behavioural sciences.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1353/c92","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/3724549f51fc49e3","nativeRecordCid":"a08c7f89-25b4-4e68-92b9-0ac3b81b94a8","documentId":"osft-doc-1353","id":"c92","text":"Pre-registration is rare in the social and behavioural sciences.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"pre-registration in social and behavioural sciences","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"While pre-registration is now common in some areas of clinical\nmedicine (due to requirements by journals and regulatory bodies,\nsuch as the Food and Drug Administration in the United States and\nthe European Medicines Agency in the European Union), it is rare\nin the social and behavioural sciences.","representedInStars":false}
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{"key":"osft-doc-1353/c96","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/158e28f22f544a8a","nativeRecordCid":"4657f8e9-017a-4eba-a59e-a9010605b771","documentId":"osft-doc-1353","id":"c96","text":"Poor usability reflects difficulty in evaluating what was done in research.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"poor usability of research","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Poor usability reflects difficulty in evaluating what was\ndone, in reusing the methodology to assess reproducibility, and\nin incorporating the evidence into systematic reviews and meta-\nanalyses.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1353/c97","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/4e8dfa1d40a14886","nativeRecordCid":"e510f778-b920-408c-81e3-4779b7dc25f6","documentId":"osft-doc-1353","id":"c97","text":"Poor usability reflects difficulty in reusing the methodology to assess reproducibility.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"poor usability of research","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Poor usability reflects difficulty in evaluating what was\ndone, in reusing the methodology to assess reproducibility, and\nin incorporating the evidence into systematic reviews and meta-\nanalyses.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1353/c98","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/4f7a7636e8134c7e","nativeRecordCid":"456bdc75-5fe9-44bb-a5fb-f58093b69a8c","documentId":"osft-doc-1353","id":"c98","text":"Poor usability reflects difficulty in incorporating the evidence into systematic reviews and meta-analyses.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"poor usability of research","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Poor usability reflects difficulty in evaluating what was\ndone, in reusing the methodology to assess reproducibility, and\nin incorporating the evidence into systematic reviews and meta-\nanalyses.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1353/c99","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/d18e7330275d485f","nativeRecordCid":"cf7c063d-2cdd-447a-92de-590075fcd8c3","documentId":"osft-doc-1353","id":"c99","text":"Improving the quality and transparency in the reporting of research is necessary to address poor usability.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"","subject":"quality and transparency in reporting","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Improving the quality and transparency in the report -\ning of research is necessary to address this.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1353/c100","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/02f3bdeea3ff4c52","nativeRecordCid":"2f405e1f-fd69-4118-9f6b-7f4fe878c193","documentId":"osft-doc-1353","id":"c100","text":"The TOP guidelines offer standards for journals and funders to incentivize or require greater transparency in planning and reporting of research.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"TOP guidelines","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The Transparency and\nOpenness Promotion (TOP) guidelines offer standards as a basis for\njournals and funders to incentivize or require greater transparency\nin planning and reporting of research 54.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1353/c101","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/b41f93ba14fa42f9","nativeRecordCid":"9f9e2f37-6e4c-4cad-9680-d1f0e18472d5","documentId":"osft-doc-1353","id":"c101","text":"TOP provides principles for how transparency and usability in research reporting can be increased.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"TOP guidelines","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"TOP provides principles\nfor how transparency and usability can be increased, while other\nguidelines provide concrete steps for how to maximize the qual -\nity of reporting in particular areas.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1353/c102","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/de5d3630cf554426","nativeRecordCid":"2da6c9bf-d6c1-47e0-873b-2ce8d9f00cec","documentId":"osft-doc-1353","id":"c102","text":"Other reporting guidelines provide concrete steps for maximizing the quality of reporting in particular areas.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"reporting guidelines","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"TOP provides principles\nfor how transparency and usability can be increased, while other\nguidelines provide concrete steps for how to maximize the qual -\nity of reporting in particular areas.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1353/c103","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/8029a217b78f4205","nativeRecordCid":"12e0b6e4-85c7-4f54-9107-ed884355be38","documentId":"osft-doc-1353","id":"c103","text":"The CONSORT statement provides guidance for clear, complete and accurate reporting of randomized controlled trials.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"CONSORT statement","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"For example, the Consolidated\nStandards of Reporting Trials (CONSORT) statement provides\nguidance for clear, complete and accurate reporting of randomized\ncontrolled trials 55–57.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1353/c104","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/7a144d713f4f4ace","nativeRecordCid":"3cb118b3-8913-4d85-b7d6-b9fb13938a26","documentId":"osft-doc-1353","id":"c104","text":"The Equator Network aggregates reporting guidelines to improve discoverability.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"Equator Network","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The Equator Network ( http://www.equator-network.\norg/) aggregates these guidelines to improve discoverability58.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1353/c105","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/ad75e4a43d1a4fdf","nativeRecordCid":"0e610d72-7731-4103-a31e-6a8ad3cc44cf","documentId":"osft-doc-1353","id":"c105","text":"The success of reporting guidelines depends on their adoption and effective use.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"reporting guidelines","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The success of reporting guidelines depends on their adoption\nand effective use.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1353/c106","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/d97bb494fe604844","nativeRecordCid":"49caf4d1-5933-4061-a3fc-4976109c32dd","documentId":"osft-doc-1353","id":"c106","text":"The social and behavioural sciences are behind the biomedical sciences in their adoption of reporting guidelines for research.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"social and behavioural sciences","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The social and behavioural sciences are behind\nthe biomedical sciences in their adoption of reporting guidelines for\nresearch, although with rapid adoption of the TOP guidelines and\nrelated developments by journals and funders that gap may be clos-\ning.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1353/c107","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/7ec8a2e6c9b24675","nativeRecordCid":"2bca49ad-87a1-4a45-be7a-5e22aefa7028","documentId":"osft-doc-1353","id":"c107","text":"The gap between social/behavioural and biomedical sciences in adoption of reporting guidelines may be closing due to rapid adoption of the TOP guidelines and related developments.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"adoption gap in reporting guidelines","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"although with rapid adoption of the TOP guidelines and\nrelated developments by journals and funders that gap may be clos-\ning.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1353/c108","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/d11da55d97174bcb","nativeRecordCid":"2d3e0545-1c58-4ef1-8e18-e8dd3195f4ed","documentId":"osft-doc-1353","id":"c108","text":"Improved reporting may be insufficient on its own to maximize research quality.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"improved reporting","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"However, improved reporting may be insufficient on its own\nto maximize research quality.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1353/c109","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/aca48462c07a45d0","nativeRecordCid":"75a067a6-dc05-4e33-882f-e0934d80f69a","documentId":"osft-doc-1353","id":"c109","text":"Reporting guidelines are easily perceived by researchers as bureaucratic exercises rather than means of improving research and reporting.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"reporting guidelines","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Reporting guidelines are easily per -\nceived by researchers as bureaucratic exercises rather than means\nof improving research and reporting.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1353/c110","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/39c5026788d64b2b","nativeRecordCid":"3b77ad03-ca8f-4312-aa12-9ef1edbe1ca2","documentId":"osft-doc-1353","id":"c110","text":"Student assessment requirements and limited access to populations of interest may hinder extensive collaboration within a single institution.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"collaboration within a single institution","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Student assessment requirements, and limited access to popu -\nlations of interest, may hinder extensive collaboration within a\nsingle institution, but it could be achieved across multiple insti -\ntutions in the form of a distributed student project.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1353/c111","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/6e2e81900d814406","nativeRecordCid":"f2916b33-eb15-4b4d-a28c-b19108b32ddf","documentId":"osft-doc-1353","id":"c111","text":"Extensive collaboration could be achieved across multiple institutions in the form of a distributed student project.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"distributed student project model","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Student assessment requirements, and limited access to popu -\nlations of interest, may hinder extensive collaboration within a\nsingle institution, but it could be achieved across multiple insti -\ntutions in the form of a distributed student project.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1353/c112","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/0a6626343c934b2c","nativeRecordCid":"cd31a9b8-d447-4550-b092-424252c08a98","documentId":"osft-doc-1353","id":"c112","text":"The Pipeline and Many Labs projects offer opportunities to contribute to large-scale replication efforts with coordinated data collection across many locations simultaneously.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"Pipeline and Many Labs projects","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The Pipeline78 and Many Labs44,45 projects also offer opportunities to\ncontribute to large-scale replication efforts with coordinated data\ncollection across many locations simultaneously.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1353/c113","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/078d3cb0ad2647ad","nativeRecordCid":"8129c639-a299-4427-b6b2-98e3fae4dc53","documentId":"osft-doc-1353","id":"c113","text":"The positive outcome of reporting guidelines is that they make it possible to detect and study reporting-related behaviours and their impact.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"reporting guidelines","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The positive outcome of reporting guidelines is that they make\nit possible to detect and study these behaviours and their impact.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1353/c114","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/b0bba228869d4ddc","nativeRecordCid":"905cb704-c92a-4162-9602-92a4d81c433b","documentId":"osft-doc-1353","id":"c114","text":"Without reporting guidelines, these reporting-related behaviours are simply unknowable in any systematic way.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"reporting-related behaviours","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Otherwise, these behaviours are simply unknowable in any sys -\ntematic way.","representedInStars":false}
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{"key":"osft-doc-1353/c116","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/0797efa8c29940bb","nativeRecordCid":"24372a86-4b48-488c-bc3b-3fdcafcbad57","documentId":"osft-doc-1353","id":"c116","text":"Reporting guidelines will not alone be sufficient to address reporting biases.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"reporting guidelines","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The negative outcome is the empirical evidence that\nreporting guidelines may be necessary, but will not alone be suf -\nficient, to address reporting biases.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1353/c117","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/e757b10b2dbc4493","nativeRecordCid":"da7ced12-6f4f-4c21-be3e-97ecef1af7a8","documentId":"osft-doc-1353","id":"c117","text":"The impact of reporting guidelines and how best to optimize their use and impact will be best assessed by randomized trials.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"impact of reporting guidelines","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The impact of guidelines and\nhow best to optimize their use and impact will be best assessed by\nrandomized trials (see Box 4).","representedInStars":false}
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{"key":"osft-doc-1353/c120","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/64e4b2866d1840ac","nativeRecordCid":"7b1ede57-a0c1-47b7-99b7-fdccf0d8a5d8","documentId":"osft-doc-1353","id":"c120","text":"Evidence supporting scientific claims includes the methodology applied.","kind":"definitional","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"evidence supporting scientific claims","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The credibility of scientific claims\nis rooted in the evidence supporting them, which includes the\nmethodology applied, the data acquired, and the process of meth -\nodology implementation, data analysis and outcome interpretation.","representedInStars":false}
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{"key":"osft-doc-1353/c133","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/182c889e7a984993","nativeRecordCid":"37fb1f04-ae27-484b-8bd1-937cacc60d24","documentId":"osft-doc-1353","id":"c133","text":"There are substantial barriers to meeting the ideals of open access, open data and open workflows.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"open access, open data and open workflows","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"This has motivated calls for open access, open data\nand open workflows (including analysis pipelines), but there are\nsubstantial barriers to meeting these ideals, including vested finan -\ncial interests (particularly in scholarly publishing) and few incen -\ntives for researchers to pursue open practices.","representedInStars":true}
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{"key":"osft-doc-1353/c136","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/f9242fa0b6944c92","nativeRecordCid":"f5e7a143-8985-4500-9432-bd6a0773ab7d","documentId":"osft-doc-1353","id":"c136","text":"Current incentive structures promote the publication of 'clean' narratives.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"incentive structures","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"For example, current\nincentive structures promote the publication of ‘clean’ narratives,\nwhich may require the incomplete reporting of study procedures or\nresults.","representedInStars":false}
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{"key":"osft-doc-1353/c139","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/d7e82d26d62a4a97","nativeRecordCid":"e99fa52f-ed32-4274-ba9a-c8f6e32b572d","documentId":"osft-doc-1353","id":"c139","text":"An increasing number of journals and funders require open practices such as open data.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"journals and funders","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"while an increasing number of journals\nand funders require open practices (for example, open data),","representedInStars":false}
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{"key":"osft-doc-1353/c201","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/73c3a15651b04f22","nativeRecordCid":"adb1fcb7-f241-4d7c-bad9-bc3af90b6e22","documentId":"osft-doc-1353","id":"c201","text":"There can be incentives for efficiency and effectiveness such that those who conduct rigorous, transparent and reproducible research could be rewarded more than those who do not.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"incentives for rigorous research","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"However, there can also be incen -\ntives for efficiency and effectiveness — those who conduct rigorous,\ntransparent and reproducible research could be rewarded more than\nthose who do not.","representedInStars":false}
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{"key":"osft-doc-1353/c204","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/2b21ffcaaf004138","nativeRecordCid":"d2ac080c-9b8f-45b2-b3ac-5092d045eb2c","documentId":"osft-doc-1353","id":"c204","text":"Journals are adopting TOP guidelines to promote openness and transparency.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"journals adopting TOP guidelines","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"For example, journals are adopting\nbadges to acknowledge open practices (Fig. 2), Registered Reports\nas a results-blind publishing model (see Box 3) and TOP guidelines\nto promote openness and transparency.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1353/c205","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/a44508110a8d4cbc","nativeRecordCid":"717558e7-210f-4e83-9f84-badcd0ea6c8a","documentId":"osft-doc-1353","id":"c205","text":"Funders are adopting transparency requirements.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"funders adopting transparency requirements","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Funders are also adopt -\ning transparency requirements, and piloting funding mechanisms\nto promote reproducibility such as the Netherlands Organisation\nfor Scientific Research (NWO) and the US National Science\nFoundation’s Directorate of Social, Behavioral and Economic\nSciences, both of which have announced funding opportunities for\nreplication studies.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1353/c206","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/a2e852c331cd4c1a","nativeRecordCid":"d387dc41-d539-45ee-9ecf-8cf9c6a94cf2","documentId":"osft-doc-1353","id":"c206","text":"Funders are piloting funding mechanisms to promote reproducibility.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"funders piloting reproducibility mechanisms","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Funders are also adopt -\ning transparency requirements, and piloting funding mechanisms\nto promote reproducibility such as the Netherlands Organisation\nfor Scientific Research (NWO) and the US National Science\nFoundation’s Directorate of Social, Behavioral and Economic\nSciences, both of which have announced funding opportunities for\nreplication studies.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1353/c207","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/574730bedf3e4f75","nativeRecordCid":"3f099b69-06ee-4548-9add-f6dc3a3af7c5","documentId":"osft-doc-1353","id":"c207","text":"Institutions are wrestling with policy and infrastructure adjustments to promote data sharing.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"institutions and data-sharing policy","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Institutions are wrestling with policy and infra-\nstructure adjustments to promote data sharing, and there are hints\nof open-science practices becoming part of hiring and performance\nevaluation","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1353/c208","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/5a130d4f723d4c04","nativeRecordCid":"93dd6808-e96f-4887-a892-569542842f5d","documentId":"osft-doc-1353","id":"c208","text":"Open-science practices are becoming part of hiring and performance evaluation.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"open-science practices in hiring and evaluation","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Institutions are wrestling with policy and infra-\nstructure adjustments to promote data sharing, and there are hints\nof open-science practices becoming part of hiring and performance\nevaluation","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1353/c209","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/750472defbe5429d","nativeRecordCid":"8b809688-bad3-4175-baa5-8522a6f0372b","documentId":"osft-doc-1353","id":"c209","text":"Collectively, and at scale, such efforts can shift incentives such that what is good for the scientist is also good for science, with rigorous, transparent and reproducible research practices producing credible results.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"incentive shifts aligning scientist and science interests","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Collectively, and at scale, such efforts can shift\nincentives such that what is good for the scientist is also good for\nscience — rigorous, transparent and reproducible research practices\nproducing credible results.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1353/c210","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/540ca982d3aa4b2c","nativeRecordCid":"840290dd-69d1-483d-a2c9-0252ff341e9d","documentId":"osft-doc-1353","id":"c210","text":"The challenges to reproducible science are systemic and cultural.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"nature of reproducibility challenges","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The challenges to reproducible science are systemic and cultural,\nbut that does not mean they cannot be met.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1353/c211","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/ffcbfc569aa64502","nativeRecordCid":"f7341d38-0cff-4a8c-b411-94e848d1e178","documentId":"osft-doc-1353","id":"c211","text":"The challenges to reproducible science can be met.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"surmountability of reproducibility challenges","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The challenges to reproducible science are systemic and cultural,\nbut that does not mean they cannot be met.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1353/c212","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/d4dafed764e9430e","nativeRecordCid":"69fef2a0-a62e-4a67-ba4b-ddd7c15efbd9","documentId":"osft-doc-1353","id":"c212","text":"The measures described in this manifesto constitute practical and achievable steps toward improving rigor and reproducibility.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"measures described in the manifesto","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The measures we\nhave described constitute practical and achievable steps toward\nimproving rigor and reproducibility.","representedInStars":false}
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{"key":"osft-doc-1353/c214","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/c4afcd12beaa4a89","nativeRecordCid":"997da9a3-24a6-4291-b886-2220dc7ad4b7","documentId":"osft-doc-1353","id":"c214","text":"The measures described are well suited to wider adoption, evaluation and improvement.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"suitability of described measures","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"All of them have shown some\neffectiveness, and are well suited to wider adoption, evaluation\nand improvement.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1353/c215","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/159d038906fc4d1a","nativeRecordCid":"ec53b9fa-6b99-4454-b215-696f2749eb80","documentId":"osft-doc-1353","id":"c215","text":"The proposals in this manifesto are not an exhaustive list of measures for improving reproducibility.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"completeness of manifesto proposals","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Equally, these proposals are not an exhaustive\nlist; there are many other nascent and maturing ideas for making\nresearch practices more efficient and reliable73.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1353/c216","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/87493eb8af564e5d","nativeRecordCid":"93b7e8b6-c707-4e50-83b3-1c0db674a66c","documentId":"osft-doc-1353","id":"c216","text":"There are many other nascent and maturing ideas for making research practices more efficient and reliable.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"emerging ideas for reliable research practices","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Equally, these proposals are not an exhaustive\nlist; there are many other nascent and maturing ideas for making\nresearch practices more efficient and reliable73.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1353/c217","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/09e4ba3f172b4548","nativeRecordCid":"b2bec766-30b9-47c6-aca3-5787a3b9fe57","documentId":"osft-doc-1353","id":"c217","text":"Offering a solution to a problem does not guarantee its effectiveness.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"solutions and guaranteed effectiveness","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Offering a solution to\na problem does not guarantee its effectiveness, and making changes\nto cultural norms and incentives can spur additional behavioural\nchanges that are difficult to anticipate.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1353/c218","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/7b78aa9cbaf94b18","nativeRecordCid":"7685e808-9e84-49d1-9d54-ee01341a5f77","documentId":"osft-doc-1353","id":"c218","text":"Making changes to cultural norms and incentives can spur additional behavioural changes that are difficult to anticipate.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"changes to cultural norms and incentives","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Offering a solution to\na problem does not guarantee its effectiveness, and making changes\nto cultural norms and incentives can spur additional behavioural\nchanges that are difficult to anticipate.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1353/c219","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/64c7fb18136a4df0","nativeRecordCid":"bce6a043-80b7-48f0-8149-b64d18b9dd78","documentId":"osft-doc-1353","id":"c219","text":"Some solutions may be ineffective or even harmful to the efficiency and reliability of science, even if conceptually they appear sensible.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"risk of ineffective or harmful solutions","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Some solutions may be inef-\nfective or even harmful to the efficiency and reliability of science,\neven if conceptually they appear sensible.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1353/c220","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/d57ff64819af4ef5","nativeRecordCid":"dce84b0f-a8b4-4ebf-8d22-9aeef0a34b6a","documentId":"osft-doc-1353","id":"c220","text":"The field of metascience is growing rapidly.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"growth of metascience field","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The field of metascience (or metaresearch) is growing rapidly,\nwith over 2,000 relevant publications accruing annually 16.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1353/c221","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/0d24e28b86154db4","nativeRecordCid":"1e7adaef-41c2-4838-adc7-826237dc629f","documentId":"osft-doc-1353","id":"c221","text":"Much of the metascience literature constitutes the evaluation of existing research practices.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"content of metascience literature","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Much of\nthat literature constitutes the evaluation of existing practices and\nthe identification of alternative approaches.","representedInStars":false}
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{"key":"osft-doc-1353/c225","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/001d18c50ee2477e","nativeRecordCid":"4bb71b88-fdcf-466d-bb26-f7a88cce1189","documentId":"osft-doc-1353","id":"c225","text":"Replication is a hallmark for reinforcing trust in scientific results.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"replication and trust in results","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"for example, while replica -\ntion is a hallmark for reinforcing trust in scientific results, there is\nuncertainty about which studies deserve to be replicated and what\nwould be the most efficient replication strategies.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1353/c226","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/8b205341383e4752","nativeRecordCid":"409e6e65-8ec8-4d8e-b8b9-6804794208db","documentId":"osft-doc-1353","id":"c226","text":"There is uncertainty about which studies deserve to be replicated and what would be the most efficient replication strategies.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"uncertainty in replication strategy","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"for example, while replica -\ntion is a hallmark for reinforcing trust in scientific results, there is\nuncertainty about which studies deserve to be replicated and what\nwould be the most efficient replication strategies.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1353/c227","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/d7c45e790c1a4833","nativeRecordCid":"198877d5-d0a3-4059-89d7-7b4ec88a0cf2","documentId":"osft-doc-1353","id":"c227","text":"Replication alone may not suffice to rid science of false results.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"limits of replication for eliminating false results","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Moreover, a recent\nsimulation suggests that replication alone may not suffice to rid us\nof false results71.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1353/c228","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/41207ecfea384ea0","nativeRecordCid":"2b7e913e-d7ed-4862-a4c6-af9c23000fb1","documentId":"osft-doc-1353","id":"c228","text":"These cautions about the limits of proposed solutions are not a rationale for inaction.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"cautions about reproducibility solutions","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"These cautions are not a rationale for inaction.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1353/c229","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/0b57d7258ca94662","nativeRecordCid":"5ec8de74-92c4-4951-8c50-fe0b1cc2d056","documentId":"osft-doc-1353","id":"c229","text":"Reproducible research practices are at the heart of sound research.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"reproducible research practices and sound research","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Reproducible\nresearch practices are at the heart of sound research and integral\nto the scientific method.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1353/c230","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/c7cee3661d374f6e","nativeRecordCid":"86be67b4-25cf-4160-9006-df9605b4fe07","documentId":"osft-doc-1353","id":"c230","text":"Reproducible research practices are integral to the scientific method.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"reproducible research practices and scientific method","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Reproducible\nresearch practices are at the heart of sound research and integral\nto the scientific method.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1353/c231","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/4d015369afa94edd","nativeRecordCid":"d104d5a2-5e5c-466c-b8e4-e0462217bee0","documentId":"osft-doc-1353","id":"c231","text":"How best to achieve rigorous and efficient knowledge accumulation is a scientific question.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"nature of the reproducibility question","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"How best to achieve rigorous and efficient\nknowledge accumulation is a scientific question","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1353/c232","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/7f0a3f3f3fa24df8","nativeRecordCid":"20cb2d29-0da3-40e4-87d9-580ae5c3a913","documentId":"osft-doc-1353","id":"c232","text":"The most effective solutions for improving reproducibility will be identified by a combination of brilliant hypothesizing and blind luck.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"identification of effective reproducibility solutions","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"the most effective\nsolutions will be identified by a combination of brilliant hypothesiz-\ning and blind luck, by iterative examination of the effectiveness of\neach change, and by a winnowing of many possibilities to the broadly\nenacted few.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1353/c233","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/2f01ef384dc94c7c","nativeRecordCid":"c270d049-f71a-4006-af24-9783f30a33b8","documentId":"osft-doc-1353","id":"c233","text":"The most effective solutions for improving reproducibility will be identified by iterative examination of the effectiveness of each change.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"identification of effective reproducibility solutions","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"the most effective\nsolutions will be identified by a combination of brilliant hypothesiz-\ning and blind luck, by iterative examination of the effectiveness of\neach change, and by a winnowing of many possibilities to the broadly\nenacted few.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1353/c234","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/4e9e0017438f4f19","nativeRecordCid":"20712705-358c-42bb-9e08-33d3a6d3f677","documentId":"osft-doc-1353","id":"c234","text":"The most effective solutions for improving reproducibility will be identified by winnowing many possibilities down to the broadly enacted few.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"identification of effective reproducibility solutions","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"the most effective\nsolutions will be identified by a combination of brilliant hypothesiz-\ning and blind luck, by iterative examination of the effectiveness of\neach change, and by a winnowing of many possibilities to the broadly\nenacted few.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1353/c235","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/81037407fad64e0b","nativeRecordCid":"b5120c6d-d956-4cfb-b7d4-ecb17363b1e3","documentId":"osft-doc-1353","id":"c235","text":"True understanding of how best to structure and incentivize science will emerge slowly.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"pace of understanding science's structure","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"True\nunderstanding of how best to structure and incen-\ntivize science will emerge slowly and will never be finished.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1353/c236","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/b7109833c157497c","nativeRecordCid":"a7bf29be-7ba0-4b8d-8c2c-a8bc95010aff","documentId":"osft-doc-1353","id":"c236","text":"True understanding of how best to structure and incentivize science will never be finished.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"completeness of understanding science's structure","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"True\nunderstanding of how best to structure and incen-\ntivize science will emerge slowly and will never be finished.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1353/c237","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/2c70ec3490534402","nativeRecordCid":"cf7a0424-d901-40ed-a5a8-95ab838b894b","documentId":"osft-doc-1353","id":"c237","text":"The stakeholders of science must not embrace the status quo.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"stakeholders of science","subject":"stance toward the scientific status quo","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"the stakeholders of science\nmust not embrace the status quo, but instead pursue self-examina -\ntion continuously for improvement and self-correction of the scien-\ntific process itself.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1353/c238","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/5abba04c0f984132","nativeRecordCid":"5b93a50b-18c0-489c-8e7f-0050218c49df","documentId":"osft-doc-1353","id":"c238","text":"The stakeholders of science must pursue continuous self-examination for improvement and self-correction of the scientific process.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"stakeholders of science","subject":"self-examination and self-correction in science","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"the stakeholders of science\nmust not embrace the status quo, but instead pursue self-examina -\ntion continuously for improvement and self-correction of the scien-\ntific process itself.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1353/c239","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/c7ab555571b14d94","nativeRecordCid":"804270ee-8105-4a1b-a27d-f3377d823ff5","documentId":"osft-doc-1353","id":"c239","text":"Scientists must not fool themselves.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"scientists","subject":"self-deception in science","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"As Richard Feynman said, “The first principle is that you must\nnot fool yourself – and you are the easiest person to fool. ”","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1373/c1","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/9c45f96f2eb04664","nativeRecordCid":"fd1d7b50-cf0c-47a9-85ce-d4ea9bbbbb5b","documentId":"osft-doc-1373","id":"c1","text":"Scholarly research can be idealised as an inspirational process for advancing collective knowledge to the benefit of all humankind.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"scholarly research","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Scholarly research can be idealised as an inspirational process for advancing our collective knowledge to the benefit of all humankind.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1373/c2","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/a4683b6facaf486d","nativeRecordCid":"0af61576-10ea-4e72-afa5-d610cb200d5d","documentId":"osft-doc-1373","id":"c2","text":"Current research practices often struggle with a range of tensions.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"current research practices","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"However, current research practices often struggle with a range of tensions, in part due to the fact that this collective (or \"commons\") ideal conflicts with the competitive system in which most scholars work, and in part because much of the infrastructure of the scholarly world is becoming largely digital.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1373/c3","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/77dac7c19cb44476","nativeRecordCid":"11b1ff19-1203-4b77-abec-d13338b6dc10","documentId":"osft-doc-1373","id":"c3","text":"The collective ('commons') ideal of scholarly research conflicts with the competitive system in which most scholars work.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"collective ideal of scholarly research","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"However, current research practices often struggle with a range of tensions, in part due to the fact that this collective (or \"commons\") ideal conflicts with the competitive system in which most scholars work, and in part because much of the infrastructure of the scholarly world is becoming largely digital.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1373/c4","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/54dc615383974e7f","nativeRecordCid":"2c9c4ccb-5e37-460c-a906-d4e2e81bdd2e","documentId":"osft-doc-1373","id":"c4","text":"Much of the infrastructure of the scholarly world is becoming largely digital.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"infrastructure of the scholarly world","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"However, current research practices often struggle with a range of tensions, in part due to the fact that this collective (or \"commons\") ideal conflicts with the competitive system in which most scholars work, and in part because much of the infrastructure of the scholarly world is becoming largely digital.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1373/c5","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/048f785fb256476f","nativeRecordCid":"6cf3740f-5c0f-41bd-9217-ce017df7344b","documentId":"osft-doc-1373","id":"c5","text":"Open Scholarship is an attempt to realign modern research practices with the collective ideal of scholarly research.","kind":"definitional","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"Open Scholarship","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"What is broadly termed as *Open Scholarship* is an attempt to realign modern research practices with this ideal.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1373/c6","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/c28411d9f8cd4e45","nativeRecordCid":"2306b469-fbcc-4c44-88ef-41c824aa469a","documentId":"osft-doc-1373","id":"c6","text":"Open Scholarship encompasses many disciplines.","kind":"definitional","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"Open Scholarship","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"We do not propose a definition of Open Scholarship, but recognise that it is a holistic term that encompasses many disciplines, practices, and principles, sometimes also referred to as Open Science or Open Research.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1373/c7","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/e8770370049f4df6","nativeRecordCid":"c05eed55-abaf-4fe3-9e35-7eaac984af16","documentId":"osft-doc-1373","id":"c7","text":"Open Scholarship encompasses many practices.","kind":"definitional","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"Open Scholarship","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"We do not propose a definition of Open Scholarship, but recognise that it is a holistic term that encompasses many disciplines, practices, and principles, sometimes also referred to as Open Science or Open Research.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1373/c8","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/b7d3e397d1e744e4","nativeRecordCid":"b533dc52-30bf-44d1-b389-da5a8b64830b","documentId":"osft-doc-1373","id":"c8","text":"Open Scholarship encompasses many principles.","kind":"definitional","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"Open Scholarship","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"We do not propose a definition of Open Scholarship, but recognise that it is a holistic term that encompasses many disciplines, practices, and principles, sometimes also referred to as Open Science or Open Research.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1373/c9","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/79c1d11116d9484e","nativeRecordCid":"8302c725-7d43-4be9-93d2-d825b687f6cc","documentId":"osft-doc-1373","id":"c9","text":"The impact of widespread adoption of Open Scholarship is diverse.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"impact of Open Scholarship adoption","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Ultimately, we expect the impact of widespread adoption of Open Scholarship to be diverse.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1373/c10","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/f1b04d2862dc45a1","nativeRecordCid":"f921db4b-f5cb-49bc-aff3-8742086b1cea","documentId":"osft-doc-1373","id":"c10","text":"Novel research practices accelerate the pace of innovation.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"novel research practices","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"We expect novel research practices to accelerate the pace of innovation, and therefore stimulate critical industries around the world.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1373/c11","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/b8fcc3d2a32f471e","nativeRecordCid":"a3e919b8-c5e3-45ff-b88d-85ecb6047cc5","documentId":"osft-doc-1373","id":"c11","text":"Novel research practices stimulate critical industries around the world.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"novel research practices","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"We expect novel research practices to accelerate the pace of innovation, and therefore stimulate critical industries around the world.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1373/c12","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/2e4f0cd86c01476d","nativeRecordCid":"8ed7a2f2-f47f-43ec-bf5e-985afde174c3","documentId":"osft-doc-1373","id":"c12","text":"Widespread adoption of Open Scholarship increases public trust in science and scholarship as transparency becomes more normative.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"widespread adoption of Open Scholarship","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"We could also expect to see an increase in public trust of science and scholarship, as transparency becomes more normative.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1373/c13","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/fd67e7114dad40d2","nativeRecordCid":"3fc17ff2-6915-41d1-b070-cc81e1e27ab2","documentId":"osft-doc-1373","id":"c13","text":"Interest in Open Scholarship is increasing at multiple levels.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"interest in Open Scholarship","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"As such, we expect interest in Open Scholarship to increase at multiple levels, due to its inherent influence on society and global economics.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1373/c14","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/f442e4f95fe147c1","nativeRecordCid":"38705be1-1b25-4ba4-b148-6156209552d5","documentId":"osft-doc-1373","id":"c14","text":"Open Scholarship has an inherent influence on society.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"Open Scholarship","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"As such, we expect interest in Open Scholarship to increase at multiple levels, due to its inherent influence on society and global economics.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1373/c15","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/fbee2e8c81da4f96","nativeRecordCid":"87dcd119-775a-405a-954f-2bedc509e8da","documentId":"osft-doc-1373","id":"c15","text":"Open Scholarship has an inherent influence on global economics.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"Open Scholarship","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"As such, we expect interest in Open Scholarship to increase at multiple levels, due to its inherent influence on society and global economics.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1373/c16","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/74d6a10f0f394faf","nativeRecordCid":"e5066901-b1b8-40f0-8865-3c85d461db3d","documentId":"osft-doc-1373","id":"c16","text":"The Open Scholarship community must build on its strengths in order to overcome challenges and achieve its priorities.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"the Open Scholarship community","subject":"building on strengths","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"In order to overcome the challenges and achieve our priorities, we need to build on our strengths.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1373/c17","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/c397f3eccc074d2a","nativeRecordCid":"55480525-fe96-43f6-82be-ea4c62787272","documentId":"osft-doc-1373","id":"c17","text":"Different academic fields must discuss what is culturally appropriate for themselves.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"different academic fields","subject":"cultural appropriateness for fields","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"There is clearly a need for different fields to discuss what is culturally appropriate for themselves; however, this strategy can provide a foundation for guiding those discussions.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1373/c18","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/7259f7cdeaa84f5c","nativeRecordCid":"2fc1e02f-11e7-457f-bf72-49e3f6d32dca","documentId":"osft-doc-1373","id":"c18","text":"Communities that reciprocally support each other through learning and training have the best insight into real life barriers and how to overcome them.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"supportive learning communities","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"These communities will have the best insight into real life barriers and how to overcome them, and will be able to identify new realities at the different hierarchical levels, which can then be incorporated into decision making processes.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1373/c19","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/fdf8385120674f1d","nativeRecordCid":"1ad356ce-ec53-4577-b3d7-f860bc739514","documentId":"osft-doc-1373","id":"c19","text":"Communities that reciprocally support each other through learning and training are able to identify new realities at the different hierarchical levels.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"supportive learning communities","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"These communities will have the best insight into real life barriers and how to overcome them, and will be able to identify new realities at the different hierarchical levels, which can then be incorporated into decision making processes.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1373/c20","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/8ed4def37adb4d02","nativeRecordCid":"7881a7fe-16d7-4f44-aaae-7d3c647c1664","documentId":"osft-doc-1373","id":"c20","text":"New realities identified by supportive learning communities can be incorporated into decision making processes.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"new realities identified by communities","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"These communities will have the best insight into real life barriers and how to overcome them, and will be able to identify new realities at the different hierarchical levels, which can then be incorporated into decision making processes.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1373/c21","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/8b7b14ec874a417e","nativeRecordCid":"0168b5b7-ce79-41a0-a538-8d1608ba94d2","documentId":"osft-doc-1373","id":"c21","text":"Individuals should search for existing data they can reuse instead of creating their own data.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"individuals","subject":"reuse of existing data","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Search for existing data you can reuse instead of creating your own data.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1373/c22","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/101a093efd5543e6","nativeRecordCid":"e922cdc3-d8c9-435d-82cc-11b5d15c0f73","documentId":"osft-doc-1373","id":"c22","text":"Individuals may use and support open search engines instead of proprietary services.","kind":"normative","modality":"may","actor":"individuals","subject":"use of open search engines","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Consider using and supporting more open search engines, such as [Open Knowledge Maps](https://openknowledgemaps.org/), instead of proprietary services.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1373/c23","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/a9ed0c8e57c24fad","nativeRecordCid":"98741c72-eae4-4bc3-b552-efb22ef1454e","documentId":"osft-doc-1373","id":"c23","text":"Research outputs should be easily discoverable, published in journals, websites, or other repositories, with appropriate identifiers and metadata.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"individuals","subject":"discoverability of research outputs","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Also make sure that all of your research outputs are easily discoverable, published either in journals, websites, or other repositories, and with appropriate identifiers and metadata.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1373/c24","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/96aee124589649ff","nativeRecordCid":"90bebb50-d384-4a00-85d9-56073a43681f","documentId":"osft-doc-1373","id":"c24","text":"Individuals should use RSS readers to aggregate news and research updates from a number of sources.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"individuals","subject":"aggregating research updates","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Use RSS readers such as [Feedly](https://feedly.com/) to easily aggregate news and research updates from a number of sources.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1373/c25","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/618c658a46104a7c","nativeRecordCid":"beec795f-9e75-4ad4-b392-e401bab25365","documentId":"osft-doc-1373","id":"c25","text":"Individuals should adopt a broad-scale approach to the variety of open scholarly research and education practices.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"individuals","subject":"approach to open scholarly practices","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Adopt a broad-scale approach to the variety of open scholarly research and education practices.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1373/c26","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/676a293923d34f6f","nativeRecordCid":"949ffcf6-3df6-47bd-ae64-ce99b90e1716","documentId":"osft-doc-1373","id":"c26","text":"Individuals should adopt open source and/or free software for the conduct of research and analysis.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"individuals","subject":"use of open source software","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Adopt the use of open source and/or free software for the conduct of research and analysis so that the computational processing can be audited by the community, and so that the tools used are available to everyone to increase productivity and collaboration.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1373/c27","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/4c38d25374e54cf2","nativeRecordCid":"2ab93110-fe59-48fd-9004-9a36809326d0","documentId":"osft-doc-1373","id":"c27","text":"Individuals should establish and foster practices of re-use and remix.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"individuals","subject":"re-use and remix practices","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Establish and foster practices of re-use and remix to help create a thriving open scholarship culture, based around collaboration and sharing.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1373/c28","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/db36506d706f4ce9","nativeRecordCid":"9375224f-e954-4f3f-89d1-80b67155339d","documentId":"osft-doc-1373","id":"c28","text":"Individuals may pre-register studies to openly document research.","kind":"normative","modality":"may","actor":"individuals","subject":"pre-registration of studies","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Where needed, also consider pre-registering studies, sharing protocols, and using lab notebooks to openly document research.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1373/c29","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/adbcee80664f481b","nativeRecordCid":"c4815c37-99d6-488a-be7b-a8da05bfbc12","documentId":"osft-doc-1373","id":"c29","text":"Individuals may share protocols to openly document research.","kind":"normative","modality":"may","actor":"individuals","subject":"sharing of protocols","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Where needed, also consider pre-registering studies, sharing protocols, and using lab notebooks to openly document research.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1373/c30","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/fcee916ad59540b8","nativeRecordCid":"21386e81-a657-4a19-a228-ff6626415dcb","documentId":"osft-doc-1373","id":"c30","text":"Individuals may use lab notebooks to openly document research.","kind":"normative","modality":"may","actor":"individuals","subject":"use of lab notebooks","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Where needed, also consider pre-registering studies, sharing protocols, and using lab notebooks to openly document research.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1373/c31","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/977dbba698af4dd6","nativeRecordCid":"a5d2f88a-a454-4d55-a19d-5bd2aa712187","documentId":"osft-doc-1373","id":"c31","text":"Individuals should answer relevant questions and join discussions on public websites.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"individuals","subject":"participation in public discussions","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Answer relevant questions and join in discussions on public websites, e.g. [Ask Open Science](https://ask-open-science.org/), [Stack Overflow](https://stackoverflow.com/), the [Open Science subreddit](https://www.reddit.com/r/Open_Science/) and [Twitter](https://twitter.com).","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1373/c32","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/f3ed5027afc640fb","nativeRecordCid":"1d946558-c252-4cfa-b44b-ffbd0e11ac30","documentId":"osft-doc-1373","id":"c32","text":"Individuals should make their contributions to openness visible in public.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"individuals","subject":"visibility of contributions to openness","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Make individual contributions to openness that are visible in public (e.g., on a CV, open platform, or personal website/blog).","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1373/c33","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/b2ed4eea418f43b6","nativeRecordCid":"2d69594c-3bc4-42c2-a5f9-5979066f29e0","documentId":"osft-doc-1373","id":"c33","text":"Individuals should use their visible contributions to openness as the basis to develop best practice stories around role models.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"individuals","subject":"best practice stories","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Use these as the basis to develop best practice stories around role models.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1373/c34","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/7d8fadbc79444556","nativeRecordCid":"84f3b561-ca0a-4577-8b9a-0b896a4bad88","documentId":"osft-doc-1373","id":"c34","text":"Individuals should become familiar with openly collaborative writing tools.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"individuals","subject":"collaborative writing tools","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Become familiar with openly collaborative writing tools such as [Overleaf](https://www.overleaf.com/) and [Google Docs](https://docs.google.com/document/u/0/).","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1373/c35","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/3c1d80135c974943","nativeRecordCid":"5493572a-e956-4945-b3a3-8e7c7fa22214","documentId":"osft-doc-1373","id":"c35","text":"Individuals may use executable writing formats.","kind":"normative","modality":"may","actor":"individuals","subject":"executable writing formats","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Also consider 'executable writing formats' using platforms such as [Stencila](https://stenci.la/).","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1373/c36","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/7e095294e7ea495f","nativeRecordCid":"168bf8e1-e2e6-448d-ae52-5242f3de20e9","documentId":"osft-doc-1373","id":"c36","text":"Individuals should commit to open scholarly practices such as sharing research data and materials in free, openly-licensed formats.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"individuals","subject":"open scholarly practices","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Commit to a variety of personal open scholarly practices, such as sharing research data and materials in free, openly-licensed formats so that methods and results can be freely examined and built upon by the wider community.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1373/c37","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/46264a088f4c43b9","nativeRecordCid":"0fc7e60c-da55-4b27-8208-dc56cba6d55c","documentId":"osft-doc-1373","id":"c37","text":"Individuals may share their work more rapidly via preprints.","kind":"normative","modality":"may","actor":"individuals","subject":"sharing work via preprints","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Also consider sharing your work more rapidly via use of [preprints](https://osf.io/preprints/bitss/796tu/).","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1373/c38","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/801e4c0a150847f3","nativeRecordCid":"e0453cf2-32fa-46e0-9abc-94da43d45a04","documentId":"osft-doc-1373","id":"c38","text":"Supporting code, data, and other relevant information should be available alongside any papers published.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"individuals","subject":"availability of supporting materials","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Make sure that all supporting code, data, and other relevant information are available alongside any papers published.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1373/c39","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/f3b1ed67e05149f3","nativeRecordCid":"21a6616f-5766-4eb8-b959-4c7d20c9b3a6","documentId":"osft-doc-1373","id":"c39","text":"Individuals should share presentations, posters, and recordings online.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"individuals","subject":"sharing presentations and recordings","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Commit to sharing presentations and posters, as well as any recordings, online via platforms such as [Zenodo](https://zenodo.org/).","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1373/c40","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/2337e32804a547db","nativeRecordCid":"a32e5455-d01d-42eb-b23f-919aea317e50","documentId":"osft-doc-1373","id":"c40","text":"Individuals should make their own work available open access.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"individuals","subject":"open access to own work","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Most importantly, begin with [making your own work available open access](https://cyber.harvard.edu/hoap/How_to_make_your_own_work_open_access), which can almost always be done in some way at [no cost](https://figshare.com/collections/How_to_make_your_work_100_Open_Access_for_free_and_legally_multi-lingual_/3943972).","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1373/c41","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/f8dd34d14d0a4567","nativeRecordCid":"219f4464-d040-45fa-9ff9-d00088fc166b","documentId":"osft-doc-1373","id":"c41","text":"Making one's own work openly available can almost always be done at no cost.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"cost of open access","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Most importantly, begin with [making your own work available open access](https://cyber.harvard.edu/hoap/How_to_make_your_own_work_open_access), which can almost always be done in some way at [no cost](https://figshare.com/collections/How_to_make_your_work_100_Open_Access_for_free_and_legally_multi-lingual_/3943972).","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1373/c42","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/be92719d06294e9d","nativeRecordCid":"773325bc-a72b-4970-bd33-9858d734b1e2","documentId":"osft-doc-1373","id":"c42","text":"Individuals may publish only in APC-free Open Access journals or those operated by non-profits or learned societies.","kind":"normative","modality":"may","actor":"individuals","subject":"choice of publication venue","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Consider only publishing in APC-free Open Access journals, or those which or operated by non-profits or learned societies.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1373/c43","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/ee6e4bcba3094653","nativeRecordCid":"d6d0c300-a367-4fc7-b0da-372567e3af47","documentId":"osft-doc-1373","id":"c43","text":"Individuals should refuse to sign copyright transfer agreements unless they are allowed to retain copyright of their work under a Creative Commons license of their own choosing.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"individuals","subject":"copyright transfer agreements","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Refuse to sign copyright transfer agreements (CTAs), unless you are allowed to retain copyright of your work under a [Creative Commons](https://creativecommons.org/licenses) license of your own choosing.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1373/c44","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/f9b949253a5242a6","nativeRecordCid":"f24e19ce-f23d-4aec-86e3-2351b8369dff","documentId":"osft-doc-1373","id":"c44","text":"Individuals may use an author addendum to legally retain the rights to their work during publication.","kind":"normative","modality":"may","actor":"individuals","subject":"retaining author rights","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"If needed, use the [SPARC author addendum](https://sparcopen.org/our-work/author-rights/brochure-html/) to legally retain the rights to your work during publicaton.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1373/c45","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/9624185dc24644b6","nativeRecordCid":"73420f43-a391-4ac0-9cbd-fb40c9012f48","documentId":"osft-doc-1373","id":"c45","text":"Funding organisations, governments, research institutions, journals, conferences, and professional societies should adopt policies and mandates related to Open Scholarship practices beyond Open Access and data sharing.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"funding organisations, governments, research institutions, journals, conferences, and professional societies","subject":"policies on Open Scholarship practices","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Advocate for funding organisations, governments, research institutions, journals, conferences, and professional societies to adopt policies and mandates related to Open Scholarship practices beyond Open Access (OA) and data sharing.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1373/c46","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/61a1289b05b64253","nativeRecordCid":"1bba6d77-2762-4177-9472-fd7db353db19","documentId":"osft-doc-1373","id":"c46","text":"Open education, with corresponding practices, should be more widely adopted to help spread approaches to openness among peers and the next generation of scientists.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"","subject":"open education adoption","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Further to that, advocate for open education with corresponding practices in order to help spread approaches to open among peers and the next generation of scientists.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1373/c47","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/a61eb1077d1248ca","nativeRecordCid":"4b49e7de-6b72-4268-a51c-31eaba90dc8a","documentId":"osft-doc-1373","id":"c47","text":"Individuals should work and collaborate with researchers who practice various aspects of Open Scholarship.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"individuals","subject":"collaboration with Open Scholarship practitioners","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Work with, and collaborate with, researchers who practice various aspects of Open Scholarship, ranging from developing Open Source software and tools to posting preprints and citizen science, and sharing experiences made with approaches to open education.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1373/c48","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/a6550df52228435e","nativeRecordCid":"c5794477-4d46-4e10-a0a6-e6df045fd470","documentId":"osft-doc-1373","id":"c48","text":"Individuals should encourage the wider adoption of an open mindset that emphasises the importance of the research process over the outcome.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"individuals","subject":"open mindset adoption","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Encourage the wider adoption of an open mindset that emphasises the importance of the research process over the outcome.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1373/c49","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/514807c7dca54958","nativeRecordCid":"7a4956cd-30a1-4075-8ae7-966b975282f4","documentId":"osft-doc-1373","id":"c49","text":"Individuals should establish support structures that help guide other individuals along the path towards Open Scholarship.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"individuals","subject":"support structures for Open Scholarship","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Establish support structures (e.g., open workshops, openLabs, walk-in labs and support structures, makerspaces in the wider sense) that help to guide other individuals along the path towards Open Scholarship.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1373/c50","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/ec9e7eb004cd4b3d","nativeRecordCid":"f0790e23-a99f-4b57-8707-c66cee13d69c","documentId":"osft-doc-1373","id":"c50","text":"Individuals should form better relationships with other stakeholders involved in Open Scholarship developments.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"individuals","subject":"relationships with stakeholders","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Form better relationships with other stakeholders involved in Open Scholarship developments (e.g., librarians, policymakers, publishers and other service providers, Open Access advocates, and those actively teaching, plus ICT and other support positions for science & education).","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1373/c51","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/214e4bbd6ea8422f","nativeRecordCid":"7f9ffc6c-3116-4582-87d3-5576b3b9f023","documentId":"osft-doc-1373","id":"c51","text":"Individuals may support community initiatives for more widespread training in open scientific practices.","kind":"normative","modality":"may","actor":"individuals","subject":"support for training initiatives","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Consider supporting community initiatives such as the [Open Science MOOC](https://opensciencemooc.eu/) for more widespread training in open scientific practices.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1373/c52","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/dd501cf4619c4b93","nativeRecordCid":"04648a93-049f-4626-98d6-b52f202f0032","documentId":"osft-doc-1373","id":"c52","text":"Individuals should leave constructive comments and annotations on preprints and code using open tools.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"individuals","subject":"commenting on preprints and code","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Leave **constructive** comments/annotations on preprints/code etc. with open tools such as [hypothes.is](https://web.hypothes.is/).","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1373/c53","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/f811420a70f04ff6","nativeRecordCid":"f6e91ef3-7182-4fea-994b-56effdab9906","documentId":"osft-doc-1373","id":"c53","text":"Individuals should react positively to requests for open peer review and requests from non-profits and learned societies.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"individuals","subject":"reacting to open peer review requests","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"React positively to requests for open peer review, and requests from non-profits and learned societies.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1373/c54","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/083a5501bbcf43ed","nativeRecordCid":"95d38b40-dac9-475a-80bd-c034f2b7b663","documentId":"osft-doc-1373","id":"c54","text":"Individuals may refuse to perform peer review and editorial work for free for commercial publishers.","kind":"normative","modality":"may","actor":"individuals","subject":"unpaid peer review for commercial publishers","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Also consider refusing to perform peer review (and editorial work) for free to commercial publishers.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1373/c55","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/dcdb79e3f1f94f3f","nativeRecordCid":"4cbbfe3d-2e81-4433-bd05-65aede6c54c2","documentId":"osft-doc-1373","id":"c55","text":"Reviewers should request that all relevant materials be made open and properly cited in their reviewing.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"individuals (as reviewers)","subject":"openness of reviewed materials","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Request that all relevant materials (data, software, etc.) be made open and be properly cited in your reviewing, as per the [Peer Reviewers' Openness Initiative](https://opennessinitiative.org/).","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1373/c56","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/9ea19dcea2ba49f6","nativeRecordCid":"0a50f7bf-3a8e-46fc-8c7b-f81b922f956a","documentId":"osft-doc-1373","id":"c56","text":"Individuals should not judge work based on its impact factor or venue of publication.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"individuals","subject":"judging work by impact factor","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Do not judge work based on its impact factor or venue of publication.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1373/c57","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/0284f918e05f43b6","nativeRecordCid":"5cc7ae99-ae76-43fe-ad52-0ffa4303b0a5","documentId":"osft-doc-1373","id":"c57","text":"Individuals may establish a profile to document their research impact.","kind":"normative","modality":"may","actor":"individuals","subject":"documenting research impact","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Consider establishing an [ImpactStory profile](http://impactstory.org/) to document your research impact more.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1373/c58","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/007ebc32bfae4b6b","nativeRecordCid":"8ded3844-267d-4bb9-91de-52b535c13b93","documentId":"osft-doc-1373","id":"c58","text":"Research groups should adopt shared data as a research output as a best practice for Open Scholarship.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"research groups (labs, departments)","subject":"shared data as research output","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Adopt best practices for Open Scholarship, including shared data as a research output, addressing publication bias, and \"questionable research practices\" with bias-reducing workflows.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1373/c59","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/48e7837d1ccb416a","nativeRecordCid":"ada730eb-c288-4d8d-938d-1453e3b8048d","documentId":"osft-doc-1373","id":"c59","text":"Research groups should address publication bias as a best practice for Open Scholarship.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"research groups (labs, departments)","subject":"publication bias","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Adopt best practices for Open Scholarship, including shared data as a research output, addressing publication bias, and \"questionable research practices\" with bias-reducing workflows.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1373/c60","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/3824a6bf99904230","nativeRecordCid":"b9dd72cb-b381-4546-a0c6-a18d60a7d7c0","documentId":"osft-doc-1373","id":"c60","text":"Research groups should address questionable research practices with bias-reducing workflows as a best practice for Open Scholarship.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"research groups (labs, departments)","subject":"questionable research practices","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Adopt best practices for Open Scholarship, including shared data as a research output, addressing publication bias, and \"questionable research practices\" with bias-reducing workflows.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1373/c61","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/81950c044c3247fe","nativeRecordCid":"2ace83eb-b0aa-4a31-8d8c-3abe2d6fc6b2","documentId":"osft-doc-1373","id":"c61","text":"Research groups should highlight best practice showcases to demonstrate what is possible with Open Scholarship and its wider advantages.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"research groups (labs, departments)","subject":"best practice showcases","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Highlight best practice showcases in order to demonstrate what is actually possible with Open Scholarship, and what the wider advantages can be.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1373/c62","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/2fe783bcc288455f","nativeRecordCid":"48de48bf-06a3-4b24-8c20-da79e3e4ddfa","documentId":"osft-doc-1373","id":"c62","text":"Research groups should adopt a broad-scale approach to open scholarly research practices and expand it to include Social Sciences, Humanities, Education, and Scholarly Communication practices.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"research groups (labs, departments)","subject":"broad-scale approach to open practices","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Adopt a broad-scale approach to the variety of open scholarly research practices. See the [FOSTER Open Science taxonomy](https://www.fosteropenscience.eu/resources) for a starting point, and further expand  this to include e.g. Social Sciences and the Humanities as well as Education and Scholarly Communication practices.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1373/c63","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/e7c26c5ca25b4f3d","nativeRecordCid":"7b869f19-c037-4a95-9e3b-ebd535efbfa4","documentId":"osft-doc-1373","id":"c63","text":"Groups and labs may have profiles on public open science discussion platforms where needed.","kind":"normative","modality":"may","actor":"groups/labs","subject":"group/lab profiles on platforms","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Consider having group/lab profiles where needed on these platforms.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1373/c64","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/74e7d48b65464757","nativeRecordCid":"10128379-341f-4850-9af2-054b58d35f2a","documentId":"osft-doc-1373","id":"c64","text":"Individuals should use openly collaborative writing tools such as Overleaf and Google Docs.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"individuals","subject":"use of collaborative writing tools","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Commit to using openly collaborative writing tools such as [Overleaf](https://www.overleaf.com/) and [Google Docs](https://docs.google.com/document/u/0/).","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1373/c65","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/83d80269c6974ea9","nativeRecordCid":"00d617fd-b581-4619-a31c-c42ec6b99186","documentId":"osft-doc-1373","id":"c65","text":"Individuals should refuse to engage with publishers who have restrictive preprint, Open Access, and copyright policies or are otherwise antagonistic to progressive open scholarship practices and policies.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"individuals","subject":"engagement with restrictive publishers","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Refuse to engage with publishers who have restrictive preprint, Open Access, and copyright policies, or are otherwise antagonstic to progressive open scholarship practices and policies.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1373/c66","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/809c2a893cd84e2a","nativeRecordCid":"b151c1ad-5e66-4b4a-968a-4d72fa16b4bb","documentId":"osft-doc-1373","id":"c66","text":"Individuals should share preprints for the open and rapid dissemination of their work.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"individuals","subject":"sharing preprints","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Commit to sharing [preprints](http://asapbio.org/preprint-info) for the open and rapid dissemination of your work.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1373/c67","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/60fa89c47812432c","nativeRecordCid":"7f823c4f-33bb-440c-96db-cbc05f0e51e8","documentId":"osft-doc-1373","id":"c67","text":"Individuals should locate Open Scholarship hotspots and link them together to help community cohesion and expansion.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"individuals","subject":"linking Open Scholarship hotspots","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Locate Open Scholarship hotspots (i.e., venues or groups for regular exchange and discussion about community building) and find a way to link them together to help community cohesion and expansion.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1373/c68","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/c6617fd1e5d5477d","nativeRecordCid":"6b1760ce-7f4a-428e-9871-adb0d3842011","documentId":"osft-doc-1373","id":"c68","text":"If a local Open Scholarship hotspot does not yet exist, individuals should establish one.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"individuals","subject":"establishing Open Scholarship hotspots","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"If a local Open Scholarship hotspot does not yet exist, establish it (e.g., using the [Meetup](https://www.meetup.com/) platform).","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1373/c69","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/1037cfd6a96b46cc","nativeRecordCid":"72de6f08-9765-40fb-a664-c7d03f8a549b","documentId":"osft-doc-1373","id":"c69","text":"National, international, and regional Open Scholarship communities should be used to support lower-level learning and knowledge sharing of Open Scholarship practices, especially in varying cultural settings.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"individuals","subject":"use of communities for knowledge sharing","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Use these national/international/regional communities to support lower-level learning and knowledge sharing of Open Scholarship practices, especially in varying cultural settings.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1373/c70","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/d2407faa8e41482d","nativeRecordCid":"9894ef1b-d4e1-4e24-8583-3a95d28d4fcc","documentId":"osft-doc-1373","id":"c70","text":"Individuals should start discussions towards an implicit or explicit shared open science pledge or code of conduct for their department, lab, or research group.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"individuals","subject":"open science pledge or code of conduct","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Start discussions towards an implicit or explicit (shared) open science pledge or code of conduct for your department, lab, or research group.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1373/c71","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/a917ddaac0d544d8","nativeRecordCid":"c95f982e-fda2-4daa-bd56-d176b76d1bfb","documentId":"osft-doc-1373","id":"c71","text":"Individuals should establish rights experts who can help with questions regarding copyright issues and the effective use of Creative Commons licenses.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"individuals","subject":"establishing rights experts","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Establish rights experts who might help with questions regarding copyright issues and the effective use of [Creative Commons](https://creativecommons.org/) licenses.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1373/c72","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/a2e6b74c30704d5c","nativeRecordCid":"a3aaf920-591a-466e-8eee-468c3b725462","documentId":"osft-doc-1373","id":"c72","text":"Decision makers at scholarly journals, publishers, funders, and higher education and research institutions should recognize and reward a variety of Open Scholarship activities, particularly regarding research evaluation and open education policies.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"decision makers at scholarly journals, publishers, funders, and institutions","subject":"recognition and reward of Open Scholarship activities","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Advocate to decision makers at scholarly journals, publishers, funders, and higher education and research institutions to recognize and reward a variety of Open Scholarship activities, particularly regarding research evaluation and open education policies.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1373/c73","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/ad47547979ff4c9f","nativeRecordCid":"bb295a1f-f902-4abe-8deb-c0a87e0260d8","documentId":"osft-doc-1373","id":"c73","text":"Individuals should initiate debates on meaningful standards and practices at a disciplinary level for publishing data.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"individuals","subject":"standards for publishing data","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Initiate debates on meaningful standards and practices at a disciplinary level for publishing data (e.g., the [FAIR principles](https://www.go-fair.org/fair-principles/)).","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1373/c74","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/f04f164887a34292","nativeRecordCid":"dde05491-b181-49a5-91b5-1600eb87bd55","documentId":"osft-doc-1373","id":"c74","text":"Engagement between faculty advisory boards, researchers, students, and librarians regarding Open Scholarship practices and principles should be improved.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"individuals","subject":"engagement between stakeholders on Open Scholarship","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Improve engagement between faculty advisory boards, researchers, students and librarians regarding Open Scholarship practices (see Fig. 1 and 2) and principles.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1373/c75","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/677afeb2c52e44be","nativeRecordCid":"2dddf24f-c8e9-420a-a7ef-865ce21e35db","documentId":"osft-doc-1373","id":"c75","text":"Communication departments and research assessment officials should be engaged and informed about open science and scholarship.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"individuals","subject":"engaging communication and assessment officials","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Engage communication departments and research assessment officials. Organize sessions to tell them about open science and scholarship, and be sensitive to the fact that it may imply they change their entire view of what is important in science and what their role could be.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1373/c76","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/5f19967b84534a46","nativeRecordCid":"0ebe0df6-7916-4df8-b1de-308ceef09fa4","documentId":"osft-doc-1373","id":"c76","text":"University Ranking Providers should include an openness element in their indicators.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"University Ranking Providers","subject":"openness element in ranking indicators","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Start discussions with University Ranking Providers (e.g., QS, Times Higher Education) to include an openness element to their indicators.","representedInStars":true}
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{"key":"osft-doc-1373/c78","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/78ee15b0f7304ff9","nativeRecordCid":"0de205b2-468e-4aba-b279-f9761f98091f","documentId":"osft-doc-1373","id":"c78","text":"Researchers should work with open standards and file formats, either exclusively or in addition to proprietary standards and file formats.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"researchers","subject":"use of open standards and file formats","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Require researchers to work with open standards and file formats (either exclusively or in addition to proprietary standards and file formats).","representedInStars":false}
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{"key":"osft-doc-1373/c80","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/1fa3af66f590496f","nativeRecordCid":"36030ebc-db36-47cf-ad0a-d8ac1ad4b665","documentId":"osft-doc-1373","id":"c80","text":"Where subscription cancellations or terminations occur, adequate post-subscription access and support should be ensured using existing sustainable and legal mechanisms.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"research institutes","subject":"post-subscription access","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Where cancellations or terminations occur, ensure that there is adequate post-subscription access and support using existing sustainable and legal mechanisms (e.g., Inter-Library Loan).","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1373/c81","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/b64b8fc578504985","nativeRecordCid":"e6a1f11c-b670-423a-be48-b87f4500e0f5","documentId":"osft-doc-1373","id":"c81","text":"There should be sufficient co-ordination between libraries and relevant others beforehand, so that libraries can continue to provide outstanding services without interruption.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"research institutes/libraries","subject":"coordination between libraries and others","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Make sure that there is sufficient co-ordination between libraries and relevant others beforehand, so that libraries can continue to provide outstanding services without interruption.","representedInStars":true}
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{"key":"osft-doc-1373/c83","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/264b6697b8f848d1","nativeRecordCid":"5ba57133-289f-4b3d-a69b-539960355761","documentId":"osft-doc-1373","id":"c83","text":"Research institutes should purchase back legacy documents and incorporate them into the scholarly body of work.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"research institutes","subject":"purchasing back legacy documents","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Purchase back any legacy documents and incorporate them into the scholarly body of work.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1373/c84","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/0d48313d9d54455b","nativeRecordCid":"fe123b68-8599-4845-9074-6242762100f3","documentId":"osft-doc-1373","id":"c84","text":"The open sharing and archiving of legacy articles on which copyright has expired should be improved.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"research institutes","subject":"sharing/archiving legacy articles","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Also improve the open sharing and archiving of legacy articles on which copyright has expired.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1373/c85","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/d3088d1e59cc4720","nativeRecordCid":"2a4f1592-dcd0-4eeb-96d6-d759a2596f26","documentId":"osft-doc-1373","id":"c85","text":"Research institutes should help inform researchers about the Author Alliance termination of transfer tool to help them retain their rights as authors.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"research institutes","subject":"informing researchers about rights retention tool","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Help to inform researchers more about the [Author Alliance termination of transfer](https://www.authorsalliance.org/resources/termination-of-transfer/) tool to help them retain their rights as authors.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1373/c86","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/c94b2710346d49b6","nativeRecordCid":"42a997ff-f4cd-4e56-ad4d-7cfed36160e0","documentId":"osft-doc-1373","id":"c86","text":"Research funders can define the limits of what is an acceptable standard of publication.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"research funders' publication standard power","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Research funders can define the limits of what is an acceptable standard of publication.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1373/c87","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/e2b0058138a5441a","nativeRecordCid":"d5654cb3-b8af-4d13-bfc9-c370ab76b4ef","documentId":"osft-doc-1373","id":"c87","text":"Research funders have the power to mandate publication in journals with a cap on APCs and BPCs.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"research funders' power to mandate capped-fee journals","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"They therefore have the power to mandate publication in journals with a cap on APCs and BPCs, or in OA-only venues (with specific licenses), or in those with short or zero-length embargoes on self-archiving (e.g., Emerald, The Royal Society).","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1373/c88","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/3dbc9c0c605d4483","nativeRecordCid":"8add95e5-6929-43f6-99a4-8892932ab6b2","documentId":"osft-doc-1373","id":"c88","text":"Research funders have the power to mandate publication in OA-only venues with specific licenses.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"research funders' power to mandate OA-only venues","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"They therefore have the power to mandate publication in journals with a cap on APCs and BPCs, or in OA-only venues (with specific licenses), or in those with short or zero-length embargoes on self-archiving (e.g., Emerald, The Royal Society).","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1373/c89","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/47038b8a47a047ad","nativeRecordCid":"064eac46-7ef0-45b7-adbb-0af57fb11d9e","documentId":"osft-doc-1373","id":"c89","text":"Research funders have the power to mandate publication in journals with short or zero-length embargoes on self-archiving.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"research funders' power to mandate short-embargo journals","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"They therefore have the power to mandate publication in journals with a cap on APCs and BPCs, or in OA-only venues (with specific licenses), or in those with short or zero-length embargoes on self-archiving (e.g., Emerald, The Royal Society).","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1373/c90","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/aed9c16038d54ea5","nativeRecordCid":"cfa0296a-6586-42e0-b0dc-cbb26a3fdf87","documentId":"osft-doc-1373","id":"c90","text":"Research institutes should refuse to engage with publishers that double dip on payments.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"research institutes","subject":"engagement with double-dipping publishers","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Refuse to engage with publishers that [double dip](http://www.rluk.ac.uk/about-us/blog/the-costs-of-double-dipping/) on payments.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1373/c91","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/1bd93376153d47d8","nativeRecordCid":"ac2570f7-02f0-4343-a5c2-c30343cfb610","documentId":"osft-doc-1373","id":"c91","text":"Transparency and data should be demanded from publishers in cases where double dipping is suspected.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"research institutes","subject":"demanding transparency on double dipping","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Demand transparency and data in cases where there is a suspicion that this is occurring (for an overview, see e.g. [Buranyi, 2017](https://www.theguardian.com/science/2017/jun/27/profitable-business-scientific-publishing-bad-for-science)).","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1373/c92","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/e9e7956986a94345","nativeRecordCid":"708bff5f-1e73-4afa-a418-0c3521d521b9","documentId":"osft-doc-1373","id":"c92","text":"Research institutes should refuse to engage with publishers in which there is no transparency around pricing for either subscriptions or Open Access, including publishers who insist on using non-disclosure agreements as part of licensing contract terms.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"research institutes","subject":"engagement with non-transparent publishers","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Refuse to engage with publishers in which there is no transparency around pricing for either subscriptions or Open Access. This includes with publishers who insist on using non-disclosure agreements as part of licensing contract terms.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1373/c93","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/d16211c935d74cf3","nativeRecordCid":"57267043-105b-4e18-824e-eff1f6099639","documentId":"osft-doc-1373","id":"c93","text":"Publishers should be more transparent about the financial aspects of their publishing workflows.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"publishers","subject":"financial transparency of publishing workflows","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Engage publishers on being more transparent about the financial aspects of their publishing workflows, similar to those such as [Ubiquity Press](https://www.ubiquitypress.com/site/publish/).","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1373/c94","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/825e0ba1d1ae4810","nativeRecordCid":"a5aac66e-478a-4b5b-9518-69e21da38100","documentId":"osft-doc-1373","id":"c94","text":"Research institutes should refuse to engage with publishers who have restrictive preprint, Open Access, or copyright policies.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"research institutes","subject":"engagement with restrictive publishers","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Refuse to engage with publishers who have restrictive preprint, Open Access, or copyright policies.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1373/c95","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/ec5c8a0258de40ee","nativeRecordCid":"6afca686-8d48-4da8-839c-f6648deed360","documentId":"osft-doc-1373","id":"c95","text":"Publishers should make all bibliographic records, usage metrics, and citation data freely available and accessible in both human- and machine-readable format.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"publishers","subject":"free availability of bibliographic/usage/citation data","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Insist that publishers make all bibliographic records, usage metrics, and citation data freely available and accessible in both a human- and machine-readable format.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1373/c96","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/cb1af08b6ab24240","nativeRecordCid":"3b071b66-f6a7-491b-aa78-fb9f5a600620","documentId":"osft-doc-1373","id":"c96","text":"Research institutes that currently lack rights retention policies for scholarly research should develop them.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"research institutes","subject":"rights retention policies","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Develop rights retention policies for scholarly research at research institutes that currently lack them.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1373/c97","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/6dac1a9203434da4","nativeRecordCid":"795e24ec-a943-47f1-a618-4d3a9dbbcb76","documentId":"osft-doc-1373","id":"c97","text":"Research institutes should adopt the CASRAI CRediT guidelines to help identify paper author contributions more clearly.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"research institutes","subject":"adoption of CRediT guidelines","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Adopt the [CASRAI CRediT](http://docs.casrai.org/CRediT) (Contributor Rules Taxonomy) guidelines to help identify paper author contributions more clearly, and additionally identify the contributions of authors of other products (data, software, etc.) as clearly as possible.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1373/c98","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/50c60e251e6841d4","nativeRecordCid":"7969262b-86c5-417a-a7aa-351df7fd416d","documentId":"osft-doc-1373","id":"c98","text":"Research institutes should identify the contributions of authors of other products, such as data and software, as clearly as possible.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"research institutes","subject":"identifying contributions of data/software authors","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Adopt the [CASRAI CRediT](http://docs.casrai.org/CRediT) (Contributor Rules Taxonomy) guidelines to help identify paper author contributions more clearly, and additionally identify the contributions of authors of other products (data, software, etc.) as clearly as possible.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1373/c99","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/471bcdde656d467a","nativeRecordCid":"cf5b7a2f-2bd4-4307-b704-354f17255250","documentId":"osft-doc-1373","id":"c99","text":"Publishers should adopt the Initiative for Open Citations (I4OC) in conjunction with the wider uptake of open standards.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"publishers","subject":"adoption of I4OC","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Encourage further adoption by publishers of the [Initiative for Open Citations](https://i4oc.org/) (I4OC) in conjunction with the wider uptake of open standards.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1373/c100","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/b0788a3f978245e2","nativeRecordCid":"6ea89fef-8250-4bb6-b377-6d550938928a","documentId":"osft-doc-1373","id":"c100","text":"Research institutes that currently lack an Open Access repository should either launch and maintain one or find an existing resource to use, and adopt an Open Access policy.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"research institutes","subject":"Open Access repositories and policies","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"For research institutes that currently lack them, either launch and maintain an Open Access repository or find an existing resource to use, and adopt an [Open Access policy](https://cyber.harvard.edu/hoap/Good_practices_for_university_open-access_policies).","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1373/c101","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/b1dda6d2c7e24afe","nativeRecordCid":"3953a8ae-c725-4c9e-933e-1d2c3bc15da9","documentId":"osft-doc-1373","id":"c101","text":"Open Access repositories and policies should be made easily discoverable and accessible on the institutional website and relevant indexing services.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"research institutes","subject":"discoverability of repositories/policies","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Make these easily discoverable and accessible on the institutional website, and any relevant indexing services.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1373/c102","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/b641d3015f73469f","nativeRecordCid":"00af2579-3877-4d35-8bf7-34a8fefb84b9","documentId":"osft-doc-1373","id":"c102","text":"Information about how the sector interacts with the research literature could be used to help with publisher negotiations.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"use of sector interaction information","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Such information could be used to help with publisher negotiations, break up big deal contracts, and cancel subscriptions by providing evidence into the cross-sectorial value of services, and includes:","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1373/c103","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/7dc33c3144174ddf","nativeRecordCid":"064acdf0-ed02-4e0a-b0c4-589f05977131","documentId":"osft-doc-1373","id":"c103","text":"Information about how the sector interacts with the research literature could be used to break up big deal contracts.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"use of sector interaction information","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Such information could be used to help with publisher negotiations, break up big deal contracts, and cancel subscriptions by providing evidence into the cross-sectorial value of services, and includes:","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1373/c104","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/b56ae4c2128045b3","nativeRecordCid":"4bc8c741-4b98-4c32-bb5c-84e80ae02a29","documentId":"osft-doc-1373","id":"c104","text":"Information about how the sector interacts with the research literature could be used to cancel subscriptions.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"use of sector interaction information","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Such information could be used to help with publisher negotiations, break up big deal contracts, and cancel subscriptions by providing evidence into the cross-sectorial value of services, and includes:","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1373/c105","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/c463d575ec9649fa","nativeRecordCid":"fc3b8d86-45ef-46ed-aa00-2575a824d8f4","documentId":"osft-doc-1373","id":"c105","text":"Research libraries should collect information about which venues researchers are publishing in.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"research libraries","subject":"venues researchers publish in","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Which venues researchers are publishing in;","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1373/c106","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/9df4841b3f3d4d17","nativeRecordCid":"9c3ef961-9876-426d-9279-54e4a0637d2b","documentId":"osft-doc-1373","id":"c106","text":"Research libraries should collect information about who is doing the editorial and peer review work.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"research libraries","subject":"editorial and peer review work","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Who is doing the editorial and peer review work;","representedInStars":true}
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{"key":"osft-doc-1373/c108","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/7327b1bc5cce4ccf","nativeRecordCid":"8db79240-2849-4273-bfe2-9cf1c5a0b38d","documentId":"osft-doc-1373","id":"c108","text":"Research libraries should collect information about how much is being spent on Article Processing Charges and Book Processing Charges for Open Access.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"research libraries","subject":"spending on APCs and BPCs","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"How much is being spent on Article Processing Charges (APCs) and Book Processing Charges (BPCs) for Open Access; and","representedInStars":true}
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{"key":"osft-doc-1373/c110","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/f8f59b1cc752477b","nativeRecordCid":"8f2d0eec-6b44-484e-bd3f-bae35828e54e","documentId":"osft-doc-1373","id":"c110","text":"Time and effort spent on training and advocacy for the various aspects of Open Scholarship, including Open Source, Open Access, and Open Education, should be promoted and compensated.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"research institutes","subject":"promoting/compensating Open Scholarship training","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Promote and compensate time and effort spent on training and advocacy for the various aspects of Open Scholarship, including Open Source, Open Access, and Open Education.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1373/c111","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/10644f638a3d4eb1","nativeRecordCid":"269b35fa-192e-4383-b879-8544bb3d6b6f","documentId":"osft-doc-1373","id":"c111","text":"Local support structures for open publication and research learning, guidance, and advice should be enabled and fostered.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"research institutes","subject":"local Open Scholarship support structures","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Enable and foster local support structures such as openlabs and open publication and research learning, guidance and advice offers.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1373/c112","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/01e0995412304a4f","nativeRecordCid":"9e407239-bad2-4294-9337-51408ba1cf0e","documentId":"osft-doc-1373","id":"c112","text":"Quantifiable incentives for sharing preprints, open data, reproducible analyses, and Open Access should be developed and advertised for use in hiring, promotion, and tenure decisions.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"research institutes","subject":"incentives for open practices in assessment","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Engage with research communities to develop and advertise quantifiable incentives for sharing preprints, open data, reproducible analyses, and OA in hiring, promotion, and tenure decisions.","representedInStars":true}
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{"key":"osft-doc-1373/c114","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/3e7a7ccb310e4cc7","nativeRecordCid":"b20f6322-558f-432c-956f-a83fc084835d","documentId":"osft-doc-1373","id":"c114","text":"The principles for fairer research assessment outlined in DORA should be encouraged and adopted.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"research institutes and national bodies","subject":"adoption of DORA principles","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Encourage and adopt the principles for fairer research assessment outlined in DORA.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1373/c115","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/ac934b91a2c14bfc","nativeRecordCid":"1c82ab06-30e6-4b87-bd90-2dabe4f3b319","documentId":"osft-doc-1373","id":"c115","text":"Those in charge of research assessment, including hiring, tenure, and grant-awarding committees, should adhere to the DORA principles.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"those in charge of research assessment","subject":"adherence to DORA principles","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Make sure that those in charge of research assessment, including hiring, tenure, and grant-awarding committees adhere to these.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1373/c116","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/b433cadde1a246b1","nativeRecordCid":"10be6cb3-3efb-43db-bd1d-f7e28c44459e","documentId":"osft-doc-1373","id":"c116","text":"Currently available sort, filter, and search/discovery technology should be implemented across scholarship outputs.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"national bodies","subject":"implementation of search/discovery technology","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Implement currently available sort, filter and search/discovery technology across scholarship outputs.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1373/c117","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/49ca46fdefd24196","nativeRecordCid":"1546dee8-b0e5-4310-a84b-d869c905e9cf","documentId":"osft-doc-1373","id":"c117","text":"Unrestricted text and data mining over scholarship outputs should be enabled.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"national bodies","subject":"text and data mining","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Enable unrestricted text and data mining over this content.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1373/c118","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/2c1579c7f9b14598","nativeRecordCid":"b1bcdf49-bb50-4b33-b181-f5d3532ab0b5","documentId":"osft-doc-1373","id":"c118","text":"Researchers should be mandated to use ORCID across all research outputs to assist in the persistent identification of authors and easier research discoverability.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"researchers","subject":"ORCID mandate for researchers","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Mandate [ORCID](https://orcid.org/) for researchers across all research outputs to help assist in the persistent identification of authors across the entire research literature, and easier research discoverability.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1373/c119","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/8093ec2ea73d43d0","nativeRecordCid":"3b5ddcd8-d4cd-414a-b300-7bbdca759ad4","documentId":"osft-doc-1373","id":"c119","text":"Faculty and funder support for Open Access and related quality assurance initiatives that are decoupled from journals should be built on.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"national bodies","subject":"support for OA and quality assurance decoupled from journals","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Build on faculty and funder support for Open Access and related quality assurance initiatives (e.g., peer review) that are decoupled from journals.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1373/c120","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/c32f1e2953064969","nativeRecordCid":"7e501702-24e4-483a-b0ca-de36d0b90fd8","documentId":"osft-doc-1373","id":"c120","text":"A governance structure for a world-wide scholarly infrastructure should be agreed on and developed.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"national bodies","subject":"governance for world-wide scholarly infrastructure","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Agree on, and develop, a governance structure for a world-wide scholarly infrastructure (e.g., [W3C](https://www.w3.org/)).","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1373/c121","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/8d9e59d0e2ba4c7f","nativeRecordCid":"3784b885-90b2-4d5e-bfca-afc752a8c6a3","documentId":"osft-doc-1373","id":"c121","text":"Scholarly standards should be created to implement an alternative non-profit and community-owned scholarly publishing platform.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"national bodies","subject":"alternative non-profit publishing platform","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Create scholarly standards to implement an alternative non-profit and community-owned scholarly publishing platform/environment (using the funds freed from subscriptions, building on existing repositories/environments and infrastructure).","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1373/c122","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/997fc0b5b21d47be","nativeRecordCid":"75ea55a7-42d0-4072-b26e-e8f97c719aaf","documentId":"osft-doc-1373","id":"c122","text":"Article-processing charges in hybrid titles should be reduced to match the market average for OA-only journals.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"national bodies","subject":"reduction of APCs in hybrid titles","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"A reduction of article-processing charges (APCs) in hybrid titles to match the market average for OA-only journals.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1373/c123","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/cfd2d325e79447a3","nativeRecordCid":"ff913558-1ee5-4b87-adc4-1f1a6fafb87c","documentId":"osft-doc-1373","id":"c123","text":"Article-processing charges and book-processing charges in hybrid titles should be reduced to match the market average for OA-only journals and presses.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"national bodies","subject":"reduction of APCs and BPCs in hybrid titles","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"A reduction of article-processing charges (APCs) and book-processing charges (BPCs) in hybrid titles to match the market average for OA-only journals and presses.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1373/c124","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/49e712b089724978","nativeRecordCid":"87976840-ccd1-4066-960f-4d1e7c937135","documentId":"osft-doc-1373","id":"c124","text":"A detailed government-level investigation of the scholarly publishing market may be required in order to stabilise it.","kind":"normative","modality":"may","actor":"national bodies","subject":"investigation of scholarly publishing market","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The scholarly publishing market might require a detailed government-level investigation in order to stabilise this.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1373/c125","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/94f29fd04ea3477d","nativeRecordCid":"38da2699-ea9f-4c85-8739-f6da384f3f36","documentId":"osft-doc-1373","id":"c125","text":"Where subscriptions have not yet expired, offsetting agreements for hybrid journal titles should be mandated in order to reduce double-dipping.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"national bodies","subject":"mandating offsetting agreements","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Where subscriptions have not yet expired, mandate offsetting agreements for hybrid journal titles in order to reduce double-dipping.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1373/c126","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/094310b57f994477","nativeRecordCid":"9b15cf72-d4cf-49c9-b145-b16b2790fc29","documentId":"osft-doc-1373","id":"c126","text":"Where offsetting deals are in place, they should be streamlined and standardised across sectors to reduce administrative burden.","kind":"normative","modality":"may","actor":"national bodies","subject":"streamlining offsetting deals","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Where offsetting deals are in place, these can be streamlined and standardised across sectors to reduce administrative burden.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1373/c127","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/a223427981cb4e15","nativeRecordCid":"cd601423-6de4-4f3d-8627-462ff901e3a4","documentId":"osft-doc-1373","id":"c127","text":"Scholarly publishers should engage with the UK Scholarly Communications License.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"scholarly publishers","subject":"engagement with UK SCL","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"For scholarly publishers to engage with the new [UK Scholarly Communications License](http://ukscl.ac.uk/) that enables authors to retain more of their rights.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1373/c128","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/8ca11b37d5094d7d","nativeRecordCid":"09f97e07-72a2-4315-8e22-6b507b1ae785","documentId":"osft-doc-1373","id":"c128","text":"The UK Scholarly Communications License enables authors to retain more of their rights.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"UK Scholarly Communications License effect on authors' rights","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"For scholarly publishers to engage with the new [UK Scholarly Communications License](http://ukscl.ac.uk/) that enables authors to retain more of their rights.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1373/c129","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/9bf219bccf8844b1","nativeRecordCid":"2fc5aafd-e152-43d5-a249-ce46f5d0328d","documentId":"osft-doc-1373","id":"c129","text":"Engaging with the UK Scholarly Communications License would reduce the time spent on embargo processing.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"effect of UK SCL on embargo processing time","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"This would reduce the time spent on embargo processing, the cost spent on hybrid APCs and BPCs, and for researchers in the UK, help them to comply with the [UKRI Open Access policy](https://www.ukri.org/funding/information-for-award-holders/open-access/open-access-policy/).","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1373/c130","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/9d7d2f3734bd495c","nativeRecordCid":"455b2f45-4738-4b8e-9634-045744188dcb","documentId":"osft-doc-1373","id":"c130","text":"Engaging with the UK Scholarly Communications License would reduce the cost spent on hybrid APCs and BPCs.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"effect of UK SCL on APC/BPC costs","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"This would reduce the time spent on embargo processing, the cost spent on hybrid APCs and BPCs, and for researchers in the UK, help them to comply with the [UKRI Open Access policy](https://www.ukri.org/funding/information-for-award-holders/open-access/open-access-policy/).","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1373/c131","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/ca0672e58faf410b","nativeRecordCid":"2b05010b-263f-4efd-badd-52e34ac27cbf","documentId":"osft-doc-1373","id":"c131","text":"Engaging with the UK Scholarly Communications License would help researchers in the UK comply with the UKRI Open Access policy.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"effect of UK SCL on UKRI OA policy compliance","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"This would reduce the time spent on embargo processing, the cost spent on hybrid APCs and BPCs, and for researchers in the UK, help them to comply with the [UKRI Open Access policy](https://www.ukri.org/funding/information-for-award-holders/open-access/open-access-policy/).","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1373/c132","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/47e8c156c29649f7","nativeRecordCid":"6ea6dbd2-e155-4db1-abfa-66f926a11bae","documentId":"osft-doc-1373","id":"c132","text":"Those outside of the UK may extend the UK Scholarly Communications License, or relevant variations of it, towards other regional funding and licensing strategies.","kind":"normative","modality":"may","actor":"national bodies outside the UK","subject":"extension of UK SCL to other regions","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"For those outside of the UK to consider extending the UK SCL (or relevant variations of it) towards other regional funding and licensing strategies.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1373/c133","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/321ba6cc91754f6b","nativeRecordCid":"af36377c-2ee9-4463-8c76-8cd41c8a7721","documentId":"osft-doc-1373","id":"c133","text":"No-questions-asked fee waiver policies for researchers from lower- to middle-income countries, or those with a demonstrable financial need, should be adopted sector-wide.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"national bodies/publishers","subject":"fee waiver policies","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Sector-wide adoption of no-questions-asked fee waiver policies for researchers from lower- to middle-income countries, or those with a demonstrable financial need.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1373/c134","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/b1b93219dfbb456e","nativeRecordCid":"21e99cce-bf53-405c-81c2-0756ece3561a","documentId":"osft-doc-1373","id":"c134","text":"The majority of scholarly journals should be transformed from subscription to Open Access publishing in accordance with community-specific publication preferences.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"national bodies","subject":"transforming journals to Open Access","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"To [transform](https://nrs.harvard.edu/urn-3:HUL.InstRepos:27803834) (or flip) the majority of scholarly journals from subscription to Open Access publishing in accordance with community-specific publication preferences.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1373/c135","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/d08c409142734f35","nativeRecordCid":"5ad77645-14dd-44da-b950-7e4992bb71a3","documentId":"osft-doc-1373","id":"c135","text":"New or existing international library consortia and collaborations should be created or supported to co-operate on infrastructure developments.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"national bodies","subject":"international library consortia","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Create new or support/contact existing international library consortia/collaborations (e.g., the [International Coalition of Library Consortia](http://icolc.net/)) to co-operate on infrastructure developments (e.g., [LIBER](https://libereurope.eu/), [EIFL](http://www.eifl.net/), [ARL](http://www.arl.org/), and [SPARC](https://sparcopen.org/)).","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1373/c136","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/ce15978979fd4f94","nativeRecordCid":"ae36f158-68de-4fe9-91bd-57d5e971c951","documentId":"osft-doc-1373","id":"c136","text":"National bodies should sign on to the Global Sustainability Coalition for Open Science Services.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"national bodies","subject":"signing on to SCOSS","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Sign on to the Global Sustainability Coalition for Open Science Services [(SCOSS)](http://scoss.org/), and investigate coalitions with the [Open Research Funders Group](http://www.orfg.org).","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1373/c137","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/c641b59dc41c4615","nativeRecordCid":"03733291-f542-4608-ac0b-2a57aa1dfc85","documentId":"osft-doc-1373","id":"c137","text":"National bodies should investigate coalitions with the Open Research Funders Group.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"national bodies","subject":"coalitions with Open Research Funders Group","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Sign on to the Global Sustainability Coalition for Open Science Services [(SCOSS)](http://scoss.org/), and investigate coalitions with the [Open Research Funders Group](http://www.orfg.org).","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1373/c138","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/cafe1a065d874749","nativeRecordCid":"f34ef0ce-0ada-4986-8dab-ff52843d8bf1","documentId":"osft-doc-1373","id":"c138","text":"OpenAIRE could provide interoperability resolutions to institutional repositories, particularly for the European area and with a focus on the long tail of science.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"OpenAIRE's interoperability role","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Particularly for the European area and with a focus on the long tail of science, [OpenAIRE](https://www.openaire.eu/) could provide interoperability resolutions to institutional repositories and enhance their outputs visibility.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1373/c139","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/9899e39a0ca5410d","nativeRecordCid":"970af385-de70-4bd8-9c2c-5ba70daa244e","documentId":"osft-doc-1373","id":"c139","text":"OpenAIRE could enhance the outputs visibility of institutional repositories.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"OpenAIRE's effect on repository visibility","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Particularly for the European area and with a focus on the long tail of science, [OpenAIRE](https://www.openaire.eu/) could provide interoperability resolutions to institutional repositories and enhance their outputs visibility.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1373/c140","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/2e98ad7d9f064ef7","nativeRecordCid":"cfe0c32d-4ed0-43f9-9801-165f7fdf0348","documentId":"osft-doc-1373","id":"c140","text":"Plan S aims for full and immediate Open Access to publications from publicly funded research.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"Plan S's aim","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Consider the ramifications of [Plan S](https://www.coalition-s.org/about/), which aims for full and immediate Open Access to publications from publicly funded research, for your national and local context, and see what can be done to [implement Plan S](https://www.coalition-s.org/wp-content/uploads/271118_cOAlitionS_Guidance.pdf) for your context.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1373/c141","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/eadfc641be1e4216","nativeRecordCid":"b95e5a8c-4f6f-48d7-92b2-c2e593a43925","documentId":"osft-doc-1373","id":"c141","text":"Collaborations should be supported to help build a richer connectivity between scholarly communication systems and communities.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"national bodies","subject":"supporting scholarly communication collaborations","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Support collaborations such as [Metadata 2020](http://www.metadata2020.org/), [NISO](https://www.niso.org/)/[NIST](https://www.nist.gov/), and [eLife](https://elifesciences.org/), to help build a richer connectivity between scholarly communication systems and communities.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1373/c142","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/e5b5d40116be430f","nativeRecordCid":"2c055b58-958e-420b-b54e-eb889f7e6382","documentId":"osft-doc-1373","id":"c142","text":"Action should be taken against the privatisation of scholarly works and processes in order to achieve transformation of the publishing industry into one comprised of fair licensing, fair market competition, and ownership by the scholarly community.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"national bodies","subject":"action against privatisation of scholarly works","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Take action against the privatisation of scholarly works and processes in order to achieve transformation of the publishing industry into one comprised of fair licensing, fair market competition, and under the ownership of the scholarly community.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1373/c143","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/a22f2720dd1c424b","nativeRecordCid":"11c58181-043a-4377-b7a7-fa5b7f2ec862","documentId":"osft-doc-1373","id":"c143","text":"Sustainable, regional and national roadmaps for Open Scholarship should be developed.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"national bodies","subject":"Open Scholarship roadmaps","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Develop sustainable, regional and national roadmaps for Open Scholarship.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1373/c144","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/0c76c307c7cc46ef","nativeRecordCid":"95eefe63-9516-48b4-b8a2-2206d0e262cb","documentId":"osft-doc-1373","id":"c144","text":"Wider adoption of preprint and Open Access policies should be encouraged.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"national bodies","subject":"adoption of preprint and OA policies","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Encourage a wider adoption of preprint and Open Access policies similar to those at the [NIH (USA)](https://publicaccess.nih.gov/policy.htm), [Wellcome Trust (UK)](https://wellcome.ac.uk/funding/guidance/open-access-policy) and the European Commission.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1373/c145","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/9f8890f1fe714cef","nativeRecordCid":"9b445659-aa7e-4179-a628-75bf7476df92","documentId":"osft-doc-1373","id":"c145","text":"Research funders should develop calls to support evidence- and theory-based interventions to promote Open Scholarship.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"research funders","subject":"calls for evidence-based Open Scholarship interventions","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Encourage research funders to develop calls to support evidence- and theory-based interventions to promote Open Scholarship.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1373/c146","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/bbc526dc7668401a","nativeRecordCid":"4e8da242-3947-4117-87af-bd86f4b7b4a7","documentId":"osft-doc-1373","id":"c146","text":"Determinant studies that use behavior change theory to map the determinants of engaging in different Open Scholarship practices should be funded.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"research funders","subject":"funding determinant studies","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Fund determinant studies that use behavior change theory to map the determinants of engaging in different Open Scholarship practices","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1373/c147","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/5936f1004469489f","nativeRecordCid":"84fc823a-579e-494d-ba6b-86645ab7efd4","documentId":"osft-doc-1373","id":"c147","text":"Studies that use stakeholder theory to explore ways to achieve more Open Scholarship policies at research and education institutions should be funded.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"research funders","subject":"funding stakeholder theory studies","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Fund studies that use stakeholder theory to explore ways to achieve more Open Scholarship policies at research and education institutions.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1373/c148","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/30220841bf834a1a","nativeRecordCid":"72ecfdf1-cfb7-44e8-a6fc-cdb69f8c2e53","documentId":"osft-doc-1373","id":"c148","text":"All relevant stakeholders, including universities, research institutions, learned societies, funders, libraries, and publishers, should be invited to collaborate on a transition to open research practices for the benefit of scholarship and society at large.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"national bodies","subject":"stakeholder collaboration on open research transition","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"To invite all [relevant stakeholders](https://doi.org/10.3233/ISU-170839), including universities, research institutions, learned societies, funders, libraries, and publishers, to collaborate on a transition to open research practices for the benefit of scholarship and society at large.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1373/c149","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/a240b8a0ceed4f5d","nativeRecordCid":"9f0113c7-a593-41ac-9fbf-8959294691b8","documentId":"osft-doc-1373","id":"c149","text":"Showcases, highlights, and good practices of Open Scholarship practices should be created on national websites or portals, together with relevant information and resources.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"national bodies","subject":"showcasing Open Scholarship practices","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Create showcases/highlights/good practices of Open Scholarship practices on national websites or portals, together with relevant information and resources.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1373/c150","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/81becd210f2f4fea","nativeRecordCid":"40708ce3-1f6d-4578-8932-4c93edb36d94","documentId":"osft-doc-1373","id":"c150","text":"OpenAIRE National Open Access Desks could provide input and facilitate communication between all stakeholders towards establishing national guides.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"OpenAIRE NOADs' role","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"OpenAIRE [National Open Access Desks (NOADs)](https://www.openaire.eu/contact-noads) already working on that and could provide input and facilitate communication between all stakeholders towards establishing national guides of sorts.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1373/c151","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/6c303d79abb040b6","nativeRecordCid":"021dc4fa-beb3-45e8-b3ea-1739dfbcd288","documentId":"osft-doc-1373","id":"c151","text":"The formalisation of Open Science Training Courses should be encouraged in graduate school training programs and further.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"national bodies","subject":"formalisation of Open Science Training Courses","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Encourage the formalisation of Open Science Training Courses, such as that offered by [FOSTER](https://www.fosteropenscience.eu/toolkit) or as part of [OpenScienceMOOC](https://opensciencemooc.eu/), in graduate school training programs (and further).","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1373/c152","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/82ac16126493461a","nativeRecordCid":"51dcfc15-15aa-4727-bacf-6e5ab49a53e8","documentId":"osft-doc-1373","id":"c152","text":"A cost-effectiveness analysis of Open Scholarship should be created to be used as the basis for an argument about how much taxpayer money it costs every year to delay decisions in the above areas.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"national bodies","subject":"cost-effectiveness analysis of Open Scholarship","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Create a cost-effectiveness analysis of Open Scholarship (e.g., true cost of article publishing) to be used as the basis for an argument about how much taxpayer money it costs every year to delay decisions in the above areas.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1373/c153","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/7938641a4ab345cb","nativeRecordCid":"87ead324-759d-4bab-9c13-21fbb092d58f","documentId":"osft-doc-1373","id":"c153","text":"Research funders and libraries hold most of the purse strings.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"research funders' and libraries' financial control","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Research funders and libraries hold most of the purse strings, and further engagement on this front is essential, especially in defining their relative roles in developing or funding scholarly infrastructure.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1373/c154","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/d79aea4d83744e4c","nativeRecordCid":"ec57b055-7a53-4e74-961e-947a539e6ad5","documentId":"osft-doc-1373","id":"c154","text":"Further engagement in defining the relative roles of research funders and libraries in developing or funding scholarly infrastructure is essential.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"research funders and libraries","subject":"engagement on funding infrastructure roles","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Research funders and libraries hold most of the purse strings, and further engagement on this front is essential, especially in defining their relative roles in developing or funding scholarly infrastructure.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1373/c155","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/40492a1530634c0c","nativeRecordCid":"864c0478-5546-4b01-8e54-d6fbfc1e7a5c","documentId":"osft-doc-1373","id":"c155","text":"The existing research system has perverse incentives and skewed power dynamics.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"existing research system's incentives and power dynamics","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Simply channelling more money into the existing system, with perverse incentives and skewed power dynamics, is clearly no longer sustainable for research.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1373/c156","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/d36738a584ce4f1f","nativeRecordCid":"aa11f030-463f-40b5-8e24-983aaca3496e","documentId":"osft-doc-1373","id":"c156","text":"Channelling more money into the existing research system is no longer sustainable for research.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"sustainability of funding the existing system","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Simply channelling more money into the existing system, with perverse incentives and skewed power dynamics, is clearly no longer sustainable for research.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1373/c157","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/9bb815ce3c1940e9","nativeRecordCid":"cc69d8cb-76e5-48de-95fb-86300b1cc9e0","documentId":"osft-doc-1373","id":"c157","text":"Research funders should diversify the portfolio of what is considered as a research output for assessment purposes.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"research funders","subject":"diversifying research output portfolio","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Encourage research funders to diversify the portfolio of what is considered as a research output for assessment purposes.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1373/c158","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/e7aa3fc7093441df","nativeRecordCid":"121f6448-bd90-4bcd-8ede-f28e62d39c67","documentId":"osft-doc-1373","id":"c158","text":"New researchers should continue to be instructed in best practices regarding Open Scholarship.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"individuals","subject":"instructing new researchers","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Continue instructing new researchers in best practices regarding Open Scholarship.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1373/c159","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/038a27523f2f4744","nativeRecordCid":"6bb724d0-5485-4e93-8b0c-0161c96506f2","documentId":"osft-doc-1373","id":"c159","text":"In areas where instruction of new researchers is lacking, strategic community networks should be built to increase the strength of advocacy efforts.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"individuals","subject":"building strategic community networks","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"In areas where this might be lacking, build strategic community networks to increase the strength of advocacy efforts.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1373/c160","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/ca62a239897145d5","nativeRecordCid":"dceba0af-4201-405d-ab89-70d4b0f90fe5","documentId":"osft-doc-1373","id":"c160","text":"All research processes and outputs, including historical ones, should be openly licensed and available for re-use in appropriate venues.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"individuals","subject":"open licensing of research processes and outputs","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Ensure that all your research processes and outputs, including historical ones, are openly licensed and available for re-use in appropriate venues.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1373/c161","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/149e0d4b0ff74617","nativeRecordCid":"af939537-49d8-492e-a62e-d929197b16de","documentId":"osft-doc-1373","id":"c161","text":"Workflows that take advantage of Open Scholarship practices should be developed to demonstrate their increased effectiveness in comparison to traditional, more closed workflows.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"individuals","subject":"developing Open Scholarship workflows","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Develop workflows that take advantage of Open Scholarship practices to demonstrate their increased effectiveness in comparison to traditional, more closed workflows.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1373/c162","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/67363a819b88433c","nativeRecordCid":"c4478268-65e6-4ab6-b02f-aad01b844e80","documentId":"osft-doc-1373","id":"c162","text":"New research processes and workflows should continue to be innovated as new services, outlets, and technologies become available.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"individuals","subject":"innovating research processes and workflows","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Continue to innovate in new research processes and workflows as new services, outlets, and technologies become available.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1373/c163","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/a378a523ba94459b","nativeRecordCid":"f57cab69-78fb-43c9-a3b2-d9deff49ac10","documentId":"osft-doc-1373","id":"c163","text":"Semantic web technologies should be used in order to spread already-existing and newly-developing research output.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"individuals","subject":"use of semantic web technologies","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Make use of semantic web technologies in order to spread already-existing and newly-developing research output; this may include tagging (see e.g. approaches such as [OATP](https://tagteam.harvard.edu/hubs/oatp/items) and the *Openness and Education* scholarly article network by [DeVries, Rolfe, Jordan and Weller, 2017](http://www.katyjordan.com/go_gn/network/)), or annotating existing content e.g. with [Hypothes.is](https://hypothes.is).","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1373/c164","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/a0ef28b429854a4f","nativeRecordCid":"8810ff53-ec71-48b2-beaa-9c4cdc9dfbb6","documentId":"osft-doc-1373","id":"c164","text":"A comprehensive set of mechanisms that allow fully open research processes to public participation should be created.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"groups","subject":"mechanisms for public participation in research","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Create a comprehensive set of mechanisms that allow fully open research processes to public participation (no more piggybacking, no more \"human processing units\", etc.).","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1373/c165","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/14f0c0bb7e8743fe","nativeRecordCid":"b80bd917-f21e-40ca-aa77-22a5605b4028","documentId":"osft-doc-1373","id":"c165","text":"Open Scholarship workflows should be developed for all group members to take advantage of increasingly well-developed open scholarly infrastructure and tools.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"groups","subject":"developing group workflows","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Develop Open Scholarship workflows for all group members to take advantage of increasingly well-developed open scholarly infrastructure and tools.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1373/c166","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/850edab0dcc0484d","nativeRecordCid":"d3383ee7-4bb0-44e5-bfc4-dabdf7228b7a","documentId":"osft-doc-1373","id":"c166","text":"The European Open Science Cloud (EOSC) aims at creating a safe environment with federated services and tools for Open Science.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"EOSC's aim","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The [European Open Science Cloud (EOSC)](https://ec.europa.eu/research/openscience/index.cfm?pg=open-science-cloud) aims at creating a safe environment with federated services and tools for Open Science.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1373/c167","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/b062a9914b314b0c","nativeRecordCid":"01720eb7-8040-4c76-91af-f012e587d3ca","documentId":"osft-doc-1373","id":"c167","text":"Group members should be trained in a wide variety of relevant skills, including public engagement, policy development, data analysis, Web development, citizen science, and scholarly communications.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"groups","subject":"training group members in relevant skills","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Ensure that group members are trained in a wide variety of relevant skills, including public engagement, policy development, data analysis, Web development, citizen science, and scholarly communications.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1373/c168","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/bef19a85ce72426e","nativeRecordCid":"7bd6be2e-ea7d-45b8-a480-e1ce26cc68f7","documentId":"osft-doc-1373","id":"c168","text":"Developments and success stories from Open Scholarship practices should be showcased.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"groups","subject":"showcasing Open Scholarship developments","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Showcase developments and success stories from Open Scholarship practices.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1373/c169","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/68c8622449944544","nativeRecordCid":"775987d6-d411-4a38-be27-aaaaebcd5ab7","documentId":"osft-doc-1373","id":"c169","text":"Local Open Scholarship communities, including newer researchers and students, should continue to be built and empowered.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"groups","subject":"building local Open Scholarship communities","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Continue to build and empower local Open Scholarship communities, including newer researchers and students.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1373/c170","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/44e53d22ac9f4b27","nativeRecordCid":"376a2a99-ac17-4cf6-bcca-8ad44bc20710","documentId":"osft-doc-1373","id":"c170","text":"Research institutes should implement opt-out automatization of manuscript handling and single-click submission to a local or remote open repository under default open licenses.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"research institutes","subject":"manuscript handling automatization","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Implement opt-out automatization of manuscript handling/single-click submission to a local or remote open repository under default open licenses.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1373/c171","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/ac16f1ca34e44015","nativeRecordCid":"f72b731e-5e00-4e53-9f57-cb6703d6a77a","documentId":"osft-doc-1373","id":"c171","text":"Research institutes should implement opt-out automatization of data deposition under default open licenses.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"research institutes","subject":"data deposition automatization","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Implement opt-out automatization of data deposition under default open licenses.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1373/c172","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/7850a6a332284eed","nativeRecordCid":"22f2b1f8-f39a-43ca-b6c2-2a683850182e","documentId":"osft-doc-1373","id":"c172","text":"Research institutes should implement opt-out automatization of code accessibility and version control under default open licenses.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"research institutes","subject":"code accessibility automatization","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Implement opt-out automatization of code accessibility and version control under default open licenses.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1373/c173","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/465384e87a604565","nativeRecordCid":"aad9258c-32c5-41ae-9da4-954f8cf73c94","documentId":"osft-doc-1373","id":"c173","text":"Research institutes should backfill open repositories with full text for all works which are in the public domain, permissively licensed, or otherwise permitted by copyright exceptions and other policies.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"research institutes","subject":"backfilling open repositories","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Backfill the open repositories with full text for all works which are in the public domain, permissively licensed or otherwise permitted by copyright exceptions and other policies, and help authors do the same for the remaining works.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1373/c174","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/20e3149783bc478e","nativeRecordCid":"903ffb67-2110-418a-bc5e-9801f7a7719e","documentId":"osft-doc-1373","id":"c174","text":"Research institutes should help authors backfill open repositories with full text for the remaining works not otherwise covered.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"research institutes","subject":"helping authors backfill repositories","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Backfill the open repositories with full text for all works which are in the public domain, permissively licensed or otherwise permitted by copyright exceptions and other policies, and help authors do the same for the remaining works.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1373/c175","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/2e0ec8c6c69148e7","nativeRecordCid":"8bf6f560-5a92-4192-a823-d5abbfbdfb1c","documentId":"osft-doc-1373","id":"c175","text":"Research institutes should convert saved resources currently spent on closed-journal subscriptions into funds supporting sustainable Open Access business models, scholarly infrastructure, and other relevant support services.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"research institutes","subject":"converting subscription savings","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Convert saved resources currently spent on closed-journal subscriptions into funds supporting sustainable Open Access business models, scholarly infrastructure, and other relevant support services.","representedInStars":true}
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{"key":"osft-doc-1373/c199","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/ab3516174ef74525","nativeRecordCid":"29176851-dcd0-4616-9495-6a227d777ae4","documentId":"osft-doc-1373","id":"c199","text":"Research assessment policies should be well-supported and monitored.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"national (or higher) level bodies","subject":"research assessment policies","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Ensure that fairer and more rigorous research assessment policies are in place, and well-supported and monitored.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1373/c200","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/ee2d1f8fadf84dd0","nativeRecordCid":"459631e3-d420-4dea-bd98-a6115153242c","documentId":"osft-doc-1373","id":"c200","text":"Individuals should support the formal training of junior researchers in the usage and best practices of newly developed scholarly infrastructure tools and services.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"individual researchers","subject":"training of junior researchers","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Support the formal training of junior researchers in the usage and best practices of newly developed scholarly infrastructure tools and services.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1373/c201","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/8702ca742e704a1f","nativeRecordCid":"7c231ed6-e6a7-4f99-9222-87d37d3ac204","documentId":"osft-doc-1373","id":"c201","text":"Individuals should teach students about open lab notebooks, version control, continuous analysis, and other aspects of Open Scholarship processes in introductory research courses.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"individual researchers","subject":"teaching Open Scholarship practices","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Teach students about open lab notebooks, version control, continuous analysis, and other aspects of Open Scholarship processes in introductory research courses.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1373/c202","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/45c36dbe60824f0e","nativeRecordCid":"c580b80a-c0dc-4e0a-8b6b-89ef32060a4f","documentId":"osft-doc-1373","id":"c202","text":"The Open Science MOOC is a scalable, community-led initiative that helps in training junior researchers in Open Scholarship.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"Open Science MOOC","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The [Open Science MOOC](https://opensciencemooc.eu/) is a scalable community-led initiative to help in this space.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1373/c203","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/c989081ae6f94b65","nativeRecordCid":"e94c54b9-9cd1-4da7-8e5b-2baddff62fbf","documentId":"osft-doc-1373","id":"c203","text":"The Carpentries could support training of early career researchers on foundational coding and data science skills.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"The Carpentries","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"[The Carpentries](https://carpentries.org/) could support training of early career researchers on foundational coding and data science skills.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1373/c204","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/7d06070261d94e63","nativeRecordCid":"a7040a7e-d82b-41f4-a903-27f8450501cb","documentId":"osft-doc-1373","id":"c204","text":"The RDA Early Career and Engagement Interest Group could accommodate students and junior researchers needs on Open Science matters through its Mentorship Programme and other activities.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"RDA Early Career and Engagement Interest Group","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The [RDA Early Career and Engagement Interest Group](https://www.rd-alliance.org/groups/early-career-and-engagement-ig) could also accommodate students and junior researchers needs on Open Science matters through its Mentorship Programme and other activities.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1373/c205","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/120a62f3210f4aa6","nativeRecordCid":"a33f2d5e-9ad7-4631-ac09-836221412795","documentId":"osft-doc-1373","id":"c205","text":"Individuals should develop open training and information material for further Open Scholarship development.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"individual researchers","subject":"open training material","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Develop open training and information material (OER) for further Open Scholarship development.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1373/c206","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/c0b8cca5c3e34419","nativeRecordCid":"e42df3b9-7004-4fde-8284-97f5ec2f30bf","documentId":"osft-doc-1373","id":"c206","text":"Individuals should continue to link Open Scholarship communities to foster increased inter-disciplinary engagement and collaboration.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"individual researchers","subject":"linking Open Scholarship communities","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Continue to link Open Scholarship communities to foster increased inter-disciplinary engagement and collaboration.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1373/c207","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/648d6ff94e2f41a8","nativeRecordCid":"f819a862-7ef7-4bf4-a039-677125ae9576","documentId":"osft-doc-1373","id":"c207","text":"Research groups should continue development of and experimentation with emerging and established Open Scholarship workflows, integrating elements of newly established scholarly infrastructures.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"research groups","subject":"Open Scholarship workflow development","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Continue development of and experimentation with emerging and established Open Scholarship workflows, integrating elements of newly established scholarly infrastructures.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1373/c208","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/8f972ede04dd40df","nativeRecordCid":"38995922-ee3d-4bc2-95c2-c2cb80ec48ec","documentId":"osft-doc-1373","id":"c208","text":"Research groups should communicate the advantages or impact of adopting Open Scholarship workflows to other groups.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"research groups","subject":"communicating Open Scholarship benefits","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Communicate the advantages or impact of adopting Open Scholarship workflows to other groups, and formalised training in these.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1373/c209","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/d5d7477cc8844b74","nativeRecordCid":"4ae5181b-b2b2-4a95-96e9-4e92f6f957a8","documentId":"osft-doc-1373","id":"c209","text":"Research groups should formalize training in Open Scholarship workflows.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"research groups","subject":"formalized workflow training","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Communicate the advantages or impact of adopting Open Scholarship workflows to other groups, and formalised training in these.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1373/c210","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/bd2834bc12d14cb0","nativeRecordCid":"65ee8543-9a60-4d65-b6a9-305535f8fa68","documentId":"osft-doc-1373","id":"c210","text":"Research institutes should establish a permanent fund to be used towards more sustainable ventures, including Open Source software development, APCs and BPCs, preprint servers, and other Open Scholarship costs.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"research institutes","subject":"permanent Open Scholarship fund","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Establish a permanent fund to be used towards more sustainable ventures, including Open Source software development, APCs and BPCs, preprint servers, and other costs related to Open Scholarship.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1373/c211","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/c4b9a276f68a4969","nativeRecordCid":"1beca7fa-2032-4ad4-80af-d763662dbffa","documentId":"osft-doc-1373","id":"c211","text":"Research institutes should incentivize and mandate that all research outputs be published in Open Access, either Green (repositories) or Gold (journals or other digital/electronic platforms).","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"research institutes","subject":"mandated Open Access publishing","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Incentivize and mandate all research outputs to be published in Open Access, Green (repositories) or Gold (journals or other digital/electronic platforms).","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1373/c212","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/fd9430a04f0f41f0","nativeRecordCid":"8cda8f89-4de9-40df-8539-cde99c93718a","documentId":"osft-doc-1373","id":"c212","text":"Research institutes should incentivize junior scholars to practice openness in their scholarly lifecycle, including research and education.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"research institutes","subject":"junior scholar openness incentives","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Incentivize junior scholars to practice openness in their scholarly lifecycle (including research and education).","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1373/c213","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/6bc1dff2fc6747e5","nativeRecordCid":"384d1e14-cce5-4105-b7a3-fe8498e797fb","documentId":"osft-doc-1373","id":"c213","text":"National (or higher) level bodies should develop innovative solutions and functionalities that do not exist today.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"national (or higher) level bodies","subject":"novel Open Scholarship solutions","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Develop innovative solutions and functionalities that do not exist today.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1373/c214","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/329d2d4451d9425f","nativeRecordCid":"446a8f75-4cc0-4725-aa4a-526e4f7973d9","documentId":"osft-doc-1373","id":"c214","text":"Government-funded research must be published in Open Access journals or other open platforms or repositories.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"national (or higher) level bodies","subject":"government-funded research publication","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Require government-funded research to be published in Open Access journals or other Open platforms or repositories.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1373/c215","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/e4a347919c224fd6","nativeRecordCid":"8d23477f-8639-433b-8dde-a36542ecb27d","documentId":"osft-doc-1373","id":"c215","text":"Penalties must be applied to those who do not conform to the Open Access publication mandate.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"national (or higher) level bodies","subject":"non-conformance penalties","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Apply penalties for those who do not conform to the mandate.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1373/c216","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/3a7c8177076f4371","nativeRecordCid":"c3992823-b142-4eb2-99be-6be2389857da","documentId":"osft-doc-1373","id":"c216","text":"National (or higher) level bodies should eliminate the publish or perish pressure by focusing on more diverse research outputs and processes for evaluation and assessment criteria.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"national (or higher) level bodies","subject":"publish-or-perish pressure","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Eliminate the \"publish or perish\" pressure by focusing on more diverse research outputs and processes for evaluation and assessment criteria.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1373/c217","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/c6904219da824d23","nativeRecordCid":"6440fbe5-d9ac-4957-b3f5-1201a61beb67","documentId":"osft-doc-1373","id":"c217","text":"National (or higher) level bodies should help researchers take control of the research and evaluation processes based on what they believe will contribute most to scientific progress.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"national (or higher) level bodies","subject":"researcher control over evaluation","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Help researchers to take control of the research and evaluation processes based on what they believe will contribute most to scientific progress.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1373/c218","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/e517abf9dd164f7b","nativeRecordCid":"6e2b9aab-4869-4dbb-a5fb-9ad49006c6d3","documentId":"osft-doc-1373","id":"c218","text":"The movement for Open Scholarship has evolved from a collection of small, localized efforts into a broad international network of institutions, organizations, governments, practitioners, advocates, and funders.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"Open Scholarship movement","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"For more than two decades, the movement for Open Scholarship has evolved from a collection of small, localized efforts to a broad international network of institutions, organizations, governments, practitioners, advocates, and funders.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1373/c219","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/809a5fc794bd4e9a","nativeRecordCid":"3ec4e0d2-c31f-475e-8d64-9c7d07b5d352","documentId":"osft-doc-1373","id":"c219","text":"Open Scholarship practices and values are not yet the norm in most research disciplines.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"Open Scholarship adoption","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Open Scholarship practices and values are not yet the norm in most research disciplines and adoption is spread","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1373/c220","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/7b508764512b467f","nativeRecordCid":"8da38465-d742-4bf4-8e55-f447cbf84f26","documentId":"osft-doc-1373","id":"c220","text":"Adoption of Open Scholarship is spread unevenly around the world.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"Open Scholarship adoption","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Open Scholarship practices and values are not yet the norm in most research disciplines and adoption is spread","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1373/c221","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/6a89106c97754b8a","nativeRecordCid":"1b924929-ea1e-4a1b-882a-1a297f7477cf","documentId":"osft-doc-1373","id":"c221","text":"Open Scholarship refers to the process, communication, and re-use of research as practised in any scholarly research discipline.","kind":"definitional","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"Open Scholarship","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"In this document we consider the term \"Open Scholarship\" to broadly refer to the process, communication, and re-use of research as practised in any scholarly research discipline, and its inclusion and role within wider society.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1373/c222","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/32ee60b83afd4371","nativeRecordCid":"aa0f2162-9061-4f9c-a23f-3391dc3ebba3","documentId":"osft-doc-1373","id":"c222","text":"Open Scholarship refers to the inclusion and role of research within wider society.","kind":"definitional","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"Open Scholarship","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"In this document we consider the term \"Open Scholarship\" to broadly refer to the process, communication, and re-use of research as practised in any scholarly research discipline, and its inclusion and role within wider society.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1373/c223","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/0d9e9c011f3945ad","nativeRecordCid":"d16cb6d7-5207-4665-8b67-5614861dcdcd","documentId":"osft-doc-1373","id":"c223","text":"There are numerous competing, parallel, or overlapping definitions of what Open Scholarship comprises in terms of both research principles and practice, which aim to encapsulate the movement towards fostering scientific growth alongside public accessibility.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"definitions of Open Scholarship","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The result of this is that there are now numerous competing, parallel, or overlapping definitions of what Open Scholarship comprises in terms of both research principles and practice, which aim to encapsulate the movement towards fostering scientific growth alongside public accessibility.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1373/c224","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/b7169a4c54d949af","nativeRecordCid":"8f81dc4e-4927-4fe1-9b72-c56cdc0df1de","documentId":"osft-doc-1373","id":"c224","text":"Open Scholarship is analogous to a boundary object, in that it is flexibly adaptive, interpreted differently across communities but with enough immutable content to maintain its integrity.","kind":"definitional","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"Open Scholarship as boundary object","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Herein, we find it useful to consider Open Scholarship to be analogous to a boundary object","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1373/c225","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/d55d94d88c4f44a6","nativeRecordCid":"711da703-e105-4196-a2e9-53eeef5b3422","documentId":"osft-doc-1373","id":"c225","text":"Foundational Open Scholarship documents have been crucial for building a central identity for the global Open Scholarship community, communicating the case for Open Scholarship to wider society, and providing a basis to push the global movement forward.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"foundational Open Scholarship documents","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"These previous works have been, and remain to be, crucial for building a central identity for the global Open Scholarship community, communicating the case for Open Scholarship to wider society, and providing a basis to push the global movement forward.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1373/c226","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/d0fe93abd5ec46fb","nativeRecordCid":"af1e8bf5-e515-4855-bfbb-cc035d94763b","documentId":"osft-doc-1373","id":"c226","text":"A movement is a group of people working together to advance their shared political, social, or artistic ideas.","kind":"definitional","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"movement (definition)","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"can be defined as \"a group of people working together to advance their shared political, social, or artistic ideas.\"","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1373/c227","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/7509764c048e49d3","nativeRecordCid":"52e4ea7e-52a1-4e6e-a021-2a10480cbb6c","documentId":"osft-doc-1373","id":"c227","text":"Open Scholarship supporters are an incredibly diverse group of people, including non-academic citizens, activists, faculty and students at a range of academic or career levels, research institutes, scholarly publishers, librarians, policymakers, and NGOs.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"Open Scholarship supporters","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Open Scholarship supporters are an incredibly diverse group of people, including non-academic citizens, activists, faculty and students at a range of academic or career levels as well as research institutes, scholarly publishers, librarians, policymakers, and Non-Governmental Organisations (NGOs).","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1373/c228","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/69dbe7b6c5284df7","nativeRecordCid":"78617391-350b-439b-98c7-cf513c58940e","documentId":"osft-doc-1373","id":"c228","text":"Open Scholarship community members come from countries around the globe and a range of socio-economic situations.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"Open Scholarship community members","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"These community members come from countries around the globe and a range of socio-economic situations.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1373/c229","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/e219184911c449c9","nativeRecordCid":"dd4a4682-3d0d-411b-9bd1-12496d34c69e","documentId":"osft-doc-1373","id":"c229","text":"Open Scholarship has a range of different social, economic and cultural contexts, which its various communities and stakeholders are united under.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"Open Scholarship contexts","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"As such, Open Scholarship has a range of different social, economic and cultural contexts, which these various communities and stakeholders are united under.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1373/c230","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/24b01771bdcf41e0","nativeRecordCid":"2fc32c8c-c720-4faf-b0e9-326f4ce2b2ee","documentId":"osft-doc-1373","id":"c230","text":"The diversity of the Open Scholarship movement is a strength by bringing a wide variety of perspectives, experiences, capacities, and resources.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"diversity of Open Scholarship movement","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"While this diversity is a strength for the Open Scholarship movement by bringing a wide variety of perspectives, experiences, capacities, and resources, it also presents challenges for setting strategic directions, building shared plans, and governance and co-ordination structures.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1373/c231","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/608bda83d7a7447f","nativeRecordCid":"e7fa6d99-e0d2-4b75-8969-4c06f7937fe5","documentId":"osft-doc-1373","id":"c231","text":"The diversity of the Open Scholarship movement presents challenges for setting strategic directions, building shared plans, and governance and co-ordination structures.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"diversity of Open Scholarship movement","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"While this diversity is a strength for the Open Scholarship movement by bringing a wide variety of perspectives, experiences, capacities, and resources, it also presents challenges for setting strategic directions, building shared plans, and governance and co-ordination structures.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1373/c232","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/532f0a392e514e24","nativeRecordCid":"5efd7d8c-00a5-4fa0-8e75-cf88f9e6d2fd","documentId":"osft-doc-1373","id":"c232","text":"The most widespread commonality between Open Scholarship stakeholders is the belief that increased adoption of Open Scholarship (and open) practices is generally a good thing.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"stakeholder belief in Open Scholarship","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Perhaps the most widespread commonality between Open Scholarship stakeholders is the belief that increased adoption of Open Scholarship practices (and more generally, simply","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1373/c233","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/ade79c68105c440f","nativeRecordCid":"34cec1fb-9423-4601-ab6e-ba1e70b513d1","documentId":"osft-doc-1373","id":"c233","text":"Open Scholarship stakeholders believe that increased adoption of open practices would bring wider benefits to the research community, environment, global economies, and wider society.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"stakeholder belief in Open Scholarship","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"and that it would bring wider benefits to the research community, environment, global economies, and wider society.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1373/c234","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/99b2008b36074d1c","nativeRecordCid":"55a58a95-d82a-48c6-a342-5c1d4a5635bd","documentId":"osft-doc-1373","id":"c234","text":"Open Scholarship makes research outputs and scholarly practices more accessible and inclusive.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"Open Scholarship","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Open Scholarship makes research outputs and scholarly practices more accessible and inclusive, and expands our horizons on what is possible from the process of scholarly research.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1373/c235","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/915427b763594f1e","nativeRecordCid":"f437b62d-45e2-4c5d-9b77-8eabd7a50ec0","documentId":"osft-doc-1373","id":"c235","text":"Open Scholarship expands our horizons on what is possible from the process of scholarly research.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"Open Scholarship","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Open Scholarship makes research outputs and scholarly practices more accessible and inclusive, and expands our horizons on what is possible from the process of scholarly research.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1373/c236","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/9c57f66ce271421b","nativeRecordCid":"1d9d2e5d-71da-4f52-8231-c283fbc6efca","documentId":"osft-doc-1373","id":"c236","text":"Research practices and scholarly communications are constantly evolving.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"research practices and scholarly communications","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Research practices and scholarly communications are constantly evolving.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1373/c237","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/c32a02cf3a474586","nativeRecordCid":"c83884fa-ee25-4b93-b69f-dbd00da8c016","documentId":"osft-doc-1373","id":"c237","text":"The pervasive spread of the Web has left much of the pre-existing scholarly publication model and industry fundamentally unchanged.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"scholarly publication model","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"the pervasive spread of the Web has left much of the pre-existing scholarly publication model and industry fundamentally unchanged.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1373/c238","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/9a097b1d196346ea","nativeRecordCid":"6c2c4dcd-e85f-42d4-935b-fc5e2d9c02f5","documentId":"osft-doc-1373","id":"c238","text":"The slow rate of change in scholarly communication can possibly be attributed to the wide range of diverse stakeholders engaged in this domain and the deep entrenchment of interests and positions.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"slow rate of change in scholarly communication","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Such a perceived slow rate of change or inertia can possibly be attributed to the wide range of diverse stakeholders engaged in this domain, and the deep entrenchment of interests and positions; for example, over copyright, journal brands, and research assessment.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1373/c239","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/5bc2454d369d441b","nativeRecordCid":"8a23ad6c-9699-4524-b979-b035bb46cb59","documentId":"osft-doc-1373","id":"c239","text":"Scholarly communication processes need to increasingly embrace the power of Web-native technologies in order to make use of the semantic Web.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"scholarly communication processes","subject":"embracing Web-native technologies","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"one common perspective is that scholarly communication processes need to increasingly embrace the power of Web-native technologies in order to make use of the semantic Web","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1373/c240","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/9a79a7f008404cb8","nativeRecordCid":"689008fb-a9b5-45f9-a35f-43e7dc6a8d8f","documentId":"osft-doc-1373","id":"c240","text":"The semantic Web promises to enhance networking, collaboration, and transparency in research.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"semantic Web","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"that promises to enhance networking, collaboration, and transparency in research.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1373/c241","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/5dd3deb1f8604353","nativeRecordCid":"09fbaef1-cd1c-454a-a00b-5d21be14e307","documentId":"osft-doc-1373","id":"c241","text":"There has been an undeniable explosion in the rate of innovation in scholarly communication in the last 10 years.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"innovation in scholarly communication","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"there has been an undeniable explosion in the rate of innovation in scholarly communication in this in the last 10 years.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1373/c242","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/f3722ef19e784579","nativeRecordCid":"4aaab0c9-d00f-45a2-804c-746d99ce2942","documentId":"osft-doc-1373","id":"c242","text":"All educational resources and research outputs, as a global societal common good, should be accessible free of charge to all members of the public who wish to benefit from them.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"","subject":"educational resources and research outputs","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"That all educational resources and research outputs, as a global societal common good, should be accessible free of charge to all members of the public who wish to benefit from them.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1373/c243","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/fe0745a441f64414","nativeRecordCid":"4092622b-7cd8-44e1-bb91-35b60d43feb8","documentId":"osft-doc-1373","id":"c243","text":"Educational resources and research outputs should be free from unnecessary constraints on widespread re-use.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"","subject":"educational resources and research outputs","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"That such resources should be free from uneccessary constraints on widespread re-use.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1373/c244","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/b0e5dc8687c74d4b","nativeRecordCid":"565d0f8a-b18b-4099-8d9c-802d1cb92b0e","documentId":"osft-doc-1373","id":"c244","text":"The benefits of research should be integrated into the functioning of wider society.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"","subject":"benefits of research","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"That the benefits of this research should be integrated into the functioning of our wider society.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1373/c245","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/2394e86f852246b5","nativeRecordCid":"efad58a9-4245-48d9-8b07-26c3b986a30c","documentId":"osft-doc-1373","id":"c245","text":"Anyone has the right to freely contribute to, and participate in, the process of research and education.","kind":"normative","modality":"may","actor":"","subject":"right to contribute and participate","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"That anyone has the right to freely to contribute to, and participate in, this process.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1373/c246","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/6c76d03446a14a0f","nativeRecordCid":"8b573303-f551-4b0c-bc38-22d428729946","documentId":"osft-doc-1373","id":"c246","text":"Open Scholarship allows us to balance different categories and meanings across many diverse communities of practice.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"Open Scholarship as boundary object","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Open Scholarship allows us to balance different categories and meanings across many diverse communities of practice.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1373/c247","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/5f03cef7d7e64255","nativeRecordCid":"7fdb652b-4b13-4aa0-b251-b55a7ee28ea8","documentId":"osft-doc-1373","id":"c247","text":"The creation and management of boundary objects is a key process in developing and maintaining coherence across intersecting communities.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"boundary objects","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Here, the creation and management of such boundary objects is a key process in developing and maintaining coherence across intersecting communities.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1373/c248","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/6b2b3c6ec17649ae","nativeRecordCid":"a9c66a4b-6fea-490d-99b4-434215efa1ff","documentId":"osft-doc-1373","id":"c248","text":"The core aspects of Open Scholarship can be divided into two major categories: knowledge and practices, and principles and values.","kind":"definitional","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"core aspects of Open Scholarship","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Broadly, the core aspects of Open Scholarship can be divided into two major categories:","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1373/c249","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/b7d0f0df4b9e423a","nativeRecordCid":"1f6b5c1a-21d4-47a6-b463-3c7eeaa545ec","documentId":"osft-doc-1373","id":"c249","text":"The core principles or values of Open Scholarship include participation, equality, transparency, cognitive justice, collaboration, sharing, equity, and inclusivity.","kind":"definitional","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"Open Scholarship principles/values","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The core principles or values of Open Scholarship include participation, equality, transparency, cognitive justice, collaboration, sharing, equity, and inclusivity","representedInStars":true}
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{"key":"osft-doc-1373/c251","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/9f2e4acffd224b7f","nativeRecordCid":"2bbb8507-f6cf-483b-89da-d88407d40037","documentId":"osft-doc-1373","id":"c251","text":"The combination of Open Scholarship's practices and principles results in a better, more rigorous or fairer, research process.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"Open Scholarship practices and principles","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Generally, it is agreed upon that the combination of these practices and principles will result in a better (i.e., more rigorous or fairer) research process, all grouped under the broad heading of Open Scholarship.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1373/c252","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/c8343187f56946ce","nativeRecordCid":"a0eb281e-4100-4f14-b16d-a4f2fc20c4e8","documentId":"osft-doc-1373","id":"c252","text":"Open Scholarship is not a simple construct to understand for many at present, and often has its own specialized language.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"Open Scholarship comprehension","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"we acknowledge that Open Scholarship is not a simple construct to understand for many at the present, and often even has its own language.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1373/c253","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/6120ad3ff6a143a8","nativeRecordCid":"1995da37-ec02-4464-8fdf-56ab219f0d2c","documentId":"osft-doc-1373","id":"c253","text":"The barrier to understanding Open Scholarship's principles and practices must be overcome in order to maximise participation and engagement with both the principles and the practices.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"","subject":"barrier to Open Scholarship understanding","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"We fully acknowledge that such a barrier must be overcome in order to maximise participation and engagement with both the principles and the practices","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1373/c254","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/16ca766d6af7488a","nativeRecordCid":"fbbdc248-1444-4115-8dc8-345b774d587d","documentId":"osft-doc-1373","id":"c254","text":"Awareness of Open Scholarship to engage with the practices (Users) is a major precondition to Open Scholarship adoption.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"Open Scholarship ecosystem preconditions","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"**Users**: Awareness of Open Scholarship to engage with the practices.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1373/c255","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/e6f9ef4cb20140d0","nativeRecordCid":"53af80df-4b10-4f9c-babb-4047cb2abc14","documentId":"osft-doc-1373","id":"c255","text":"Open Scholarship tools that guide adoption of practices (Process) are a major precondition to Open Scholarship adoption.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"Open Scholarship ecosystem preconditions","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"**Process**: Open Scholarship tools that guide adoption of practices.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1373/c256","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/6794c93df05543ad","nativeRecordCid":"3a8a583c-d38e-4a7f-92a3-bb5b970df765","documentId":"osft-doc-1373","id":"c256","text":"Community and systemic support to create a sustainable Open Scholarship environment (Context) is a major precondition to Open Scholarship adoption.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"Open Scholarship ecosystem preconditions","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"**Context**: Community and systemic support to create a sustainable Open Scholarship environment.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1373/c257","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/aeff93aeeb2046c3","nativeRecordCid":"d677e61d-324b-49e1-96d8-9777beaa692a","documentId":"osft-doc-1373","id":"c257","text":"Motivations to engage with the practices (Incentives) are a major precondition to Open Scholarship adoption.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"Open Scholarship ecosystem preconditions","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"**Incentives**: Motivations to engage with the practices.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1373/c258","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/eb18fa5c48654085","nativeRecordCid":"e9685e8e-ceb7-44c8-a01c-7690baf0eac2","documentId":"osft-doc-1373","id":"c258","text":"Tensions exist between the best way to adopt Open Scholarship practices.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"tensions in adopting Open Scholarship","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"As well as these shared commonalities above, tensions also exist between the best way to adopt Open Scholarship practices.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1373/c259","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/a5977438d888489a","nativeRecordCid":"ad5e22eb-2687-4b7d-9cc9-98939eb9bd92","documentId":"osft-doc-1373","id":"c259","text":"Diverse cultures, backgrounds, and interests among Open Scholarship stakeholders mean that one-size-fits-all solutions could potentially harm local interests, or vice versa.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"Open Scholarship stakeholder diversity","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Open Scholarship is an agenda with multiple stakeholders (or groups), whose diverse cultures, backgrounds and interests mean that one-size-fits-all solutions could potentially harm local interests (or vice versa).","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1373/c260","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/bfbb0fbc7e324bc2","nativeRecordCid":"ae56153b-3d8f-4004-8d8a-45de1be554c8","documentId":"osft-doc-1373","id":"c260","text":"Open Scholarship strategies must be joined-up so that the actions of those with similar aims are not working at cross-purposes.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"","subject":"joined-up Open Scholarship strategies","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"there is a need to ensure that strategies are joined-up so that the actions of those with similar aims are not working at cross-purposes.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1373/c261","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/1b87c2f6e08f436e","nativeRecordCid":"ceb9a828-5c1f-4d48-b94c-e04b5fff9703","documentId":"osft-doc-1373","id":"c261","text":"Geographic, disciplinary, and stakeholder specificities are fault-lines for the creation of a cohesive Open Scholarship strategy.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"fault-lines in Open Scholarship strategy","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Such \"fault-lines\" for the creation of a cohesive strategy include geographic, disciplinary, and stakeholder specificities.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1373/c262","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/d20d09a4404e4a13","nativeRecordCid":"013748ac-0059-400d-a67c-8538798f2b3f","documentId":"osft-doc-1373","id":"c262","text":"Hundreds of individual initiatives and organisations already exist to help provide and promote Open Access at different levels around the world.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"Open Access initiatives and organisations","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Hundreds of individual [initiatives and organisations](http://oad.simmons.edu/oadwiki/Advocacy_organizations_for_OA) already exist to help provide and promote Open Access at different levels around the world.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1373/c263","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/1bb6162dc8f0450a","nativeRecordCid":"18f2662f-9d0b-45d2-9dcf-5a2d8bc6821a","documentId":"osft-doc-1373","id":"c263","text":"Thousands of individual initiatives and organisations already exist to help provide and promote Open Education at different levels around the world.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"Open Education initiatives and organisations","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Thousands of individual [initiatives and organisations](https://oerworldmap.org/) already exist to help provide and promote Open Education at different levels around the world.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1373/c264","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/0030d314436a471f","nativeRecordCid":"2c8b4f50-08d0-4dd4-9667-5cd676155a77","documentId":"osft-doc-1373","id":"c264","text":"High costs associated with some Open Access publishing actively discriminate against researchers from Low and Middle Income Countries.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"Open Access publishing costs","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"High costs associated with some Open Access publishing actively discriminate against researchers from Low and Middle Income Countries (LMICs).","representedInStars":true}
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{"key":"osft-doc-1373/c266","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/25310d6ce2214bf0","nativeRecordCid":"db4a0428-d22f-4752-93f9-60cde5def5ac","documentId":"osft-doc-1373","id":"c266","text":"The narrative of Open Scholarship must integrate the diverse world-views, experiences, and challenges of Latin America, Asia, Africa and the Middle East.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"","subject":"narrative of Open Scholarship","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"It needs to be ensured that any narrative of Open Scholarship integrates the diverse world-views, experiences, and challenges of Latin America, Asia, Africa and the Middle East","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1373/c267","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/47108834a1a1402b","nativeRecordCid":"bd8629df-cc1a-4e22-82ba-bf60c2c2c312","documentId":"osft-doc-1373","id":"c267","text":"The term Open Science, because it contains the word 'Science', can have an adverse effect of excluding researchers from the arts, humanities, engineering, mathematics, and other fields that might not be considered to be science.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"term 'Open Science'","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"As the [more widely-used](https://trends.google.com/trends/explore?date=2004-01-01%202018-12-28&q=open%20scholarship,open%20science) term Open Science contains the word 'Science', this can have an adverse effect of excluding researchers from the arts, humanities, engineering, mathematics, and other fields that might not be considered to be science.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1373/c268","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/db33478fca964e5e","nativeRecordCid":"6cb179b0-e3ec-4b4e-80aa-d7424efd1198","documentId":"osft-doc-1373","id":"c268","text":"This exclusionary problem of the term Open Science seems mainly confined to native-English speaking researchers.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"exclusionary effect of 'Open Science'","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"This problem seems mainly confined to native-English speaking researchers, since in many other languages, the word that is used for science (e.g., Wissenschaft in German) is more general than in English.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1373/c269","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/eeebc644b3cd4bd0","nativeRecordCid":"a7115db4-a539-45ef-9438-a644800962b6","documentId":"osft-doc-1373","id":"c269","text":"In many other languages, the word used for science is more general than in English.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"word for science in other languages","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"This problem seems mainly confined to native-English speaking researchers, since in many other languages, the word that is used for science (e.g., Wissenschaft in German) is more general than in English.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1373/c270","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/fa8893b2ace74a6a","nativeRecordCid":"e1c26336-57d5-4a74-99de-ab6a9bb1f3a7","documentId":"osft-doc-1373","id":"c270","text":"Other terms such as e-Research and Digital Humanities describe similar practices across different communities.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"terms for open scholarly practices","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Other terms such as e-Research and Digital Humanities describe similar practices across different communities.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1373/c271","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/8e0c91a11bd648d7","nativeRecordCid":"38f39a63-d4db-4f99-8635-8b6e895ad6d0","documentId":"osft-doc-1373","id":"c271","text":"Many open scientific practices are geared towards more empirical and quantitative research.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"open scientific practices","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"For example, many open scientific practices are geared towards more empirical and quantitative research, and therefore require different evaluation and incentive structures than other scholarly disciplines.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1373/c272","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/082b421db3fa4992","nativeRecordCid":"3ee76340-dc32-4fae-ac20-f2136ad7e5fd","documentId":"osft-doc-1373","id":"c272","text":"Open scientific practices geared towards more empirical and quantitative research require different evaluation and incentive structures than other scholarly disciplines.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"","subject":"evaluation and incentive structures","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"For example, many open scientific practices are geared towards more empirical and quantitative research, and therefore require different evaluation and incentive structures than other scholarly disciplines.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1373/c273","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/5e0d97d9e2994e14","nativeRecordCid":"1ebccc3c-a34d-4e38-be73-b19707b9826e","documentId":"osft-doc-1373","id":"c273","text":"Accounting for variation in biological supplies from different laboratory companies is a significant issue in reproducibility for biological research.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"biological supplies variation","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"For example, accounting for variation in biological supplies from different laboratory companies is a significant issue in reproducibility for biological research.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1373/c274","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/cd65d327ae3246c3","nativeRecordCid":"313b619d-e3b0-4cc9-a8c4-0bd9c9c0d0cc","documentId":"osft-doc-1373","id":"c274","text":"Open Access books are a major problem in the Humanities, but less so in STEM.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"Open Access books","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Open Access books are a major problem in the Humanities ([Eve, 2014](http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/CBO9781316161012)), but less so in STEM, and are often sidelined as an issue as a result.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1373/c275","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/5958bf3fe19e430d","nativeRecordCid":"3f6b3acd-8fec-4dac-8e9e-373e4970df05","documentId":"osft-doc-1373","id":"c275","text":"Open Access books are often sidelined as an issue as a result of being a lesser problem in STEM.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"Open Access books issue","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Open Access books are a major problem in the Humanities ([Eve, 2014](http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/CBO9781316161012)), but less so in STEM, and are often sidelined as an issue as a result.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1373/c276","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/0995ac06026b423d","nativeRecordCid":"c549c3e3-e54e-47de-9ef3-40f944835ab2","documentId":"osft-doc-1373","id":"c276","text":"There are considerable barriers to preprints of industry work, including the possibility of material that has not yet been peer-reviewed being seen as promotional.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"barriers to industry preprints","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"There are at present considerable barriers to preprints of industry work, including the possibility of material that has not yet been peer-reviewed being seen as promotional, and the possibility of readers changing clinical practice based on material that has not yet been peer-reviewed, however well labelled a preprint is.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1373/c277","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/704acf444dcf4e45","nativeRecordCid":"83fc162f-4537-42d9-bb7a-72bbd6e31004","documentId":"osft-doc-1373","id":"c277","text":"There are considerable barriers to preprints of industry work, including the possibility of readers changing clinical practice based on material that has not yet been peer-reviewed, however well labelled a preprint is.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"barriers to industry preprints","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"There are at present considerable barriers to preprints of industry work, including the possibility of material that has not yet been peer-reviewed being seen as promotional, and the possibility of readers changing clinical practice based on material that has not yet been peer-reviewed, however well labelled a preprint is.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1373/c278","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/7afa7719f3cf4d84","nativeRecordCid":"fc5a7bfe-5f16-400c-a94b-b2328dfaa460","documentId":"osft-doc-1373","id":"c278","text":"The pharmaceutical industry is becoming aware of the potential for many aspects of open scholarship to improve the transparency, accessibility and speed of reporting its research.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"pharmaceutical industry awareness of open scholarship","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The pharmaceutical industry, which funds [approximately half of all medical research](https://jamanetwork.com/journals/jama/fullarticle/185198), is becoming aware of the potential for many aspects of open scholarship to improve the transparency, accessibility and speed of reporting its research.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1373/c279","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/d75be2525da84340","nativeRecordCid":"c17d764d-b385-4ced-80ca-1d1042eed2d9","documentId":"osft-doc-1373","id":"c279","text":"In the highly regulated, compliance-focused pharmaceutical industry, which presents a substantial source of revenue to publishers, there are additional barriers to change beyond those discussed in the academic community.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"pharmaceutical industry barriers to change","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"In this highly regulated, compliance-focused industry, which presents a substantial source of revenue to publishers, there are additional barriers to change beyond those discussed in the academic community.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1373/c280","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/ee9a1a1579c84ae3","nativeRecordCid":"41c4ce70-7d01-46a0-ac72-2ddb74bc60ae","documentId":"osft-doc-1373","id":"c280","text":"Uptake of preprints from the pharmaceutical industry on bioRxiv is increasing in line with growth in preprinting of non-commercial medical research.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"pharma preprint uptake on bioRxiv","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"There are few preprints on [bioRxiv from the pharmaceutical industry](https://openpharma.blog/2018/05/31/what-do-preprints-mean-for-medical-publishing/), although uptake is increasing in line with growth in preprinting of non-commercial medical research, and very few covering primary clinical data.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1373/c281","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/6b3498b2c0c040e1","nativeRecordCid":"c9ddac25-f005-46dc-a9b1-a5a99817f8a6","documentId":"osft-doc-1373","id":"c281","text":"Stakeholder groups engage in the Open Scholarship agenda for different reasons.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"stakeholder groups' engagement","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Each of these groups engage in the Open Scholarship agenda for different reasons, and often these goals will be in conflict/tension depending on their intrinsic motivations, understanding, and goals.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1373/c282","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/6edc65522d8e48f5","nativeRecordCid":"4e88b500-1201-439c-9f9c-76445186ff68","documentId":"osft-doc-1373","id":"c282","text":"Stakeholder groups' goals often conflict or are in tension, depending on their intrinsic motivations, understanding, and goals.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"stakeholder goals","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Each of these groups engage in the Open Scholarship agenda for different reasons, and often these goals will be in conflict/tension depending on their intrinsic motivations, understanding, and goals.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1373/c283","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/01b7983d77614df5","nativeRecordCid":"cde60418-5a35-4360-ac0c-339e7abd035c","documentId":"osft-doc-1373","id":"c283","text":"There is little consensus on the best way forward for Open Access at a multitude of scales, geographic, institutional, and individual.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"consensus on Open Access direction","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"there is little consensus on the best way forward for this at a multitude of scales (geographic, institutional, individual).","representedInStars":true}
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{"key":"osft-doc-1373/c285","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/add9c5ffd6e64c92","nativeRecordCid":"d8fb40dd-eeee-4e36-be92-66d8cb2b05cd","documentId":"osft-doc-1373","id":"c285","text":"Conflicts between different stakeholder groups can often be distinguished based on competing interests, which filter through at multiple levels in communication, policy, and practices.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"conflicts between stakeholder groups","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Conflicts between different stakeholder groups can often be distinguished based on competing interests, which filter through at multiple levels in communication, policy, and practices.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1373/c286","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/af2fdad401e648d6","nativeRecordCid":"bbf481e3-0194-4b70-b042-92dd009c2c14","documentId":"osft-doc-1373","id":"c286","text":"The relationship network of stakeholders engaged in scholarly communication, and in particular developments in Open Scholarship, is particularly complex.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"stakeholder relationship network","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The result of this is that the relationship network of stakeholders engaged in scholarly communication, and in particular developments in Open Scholarship, is particularly complex.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1373/c287","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/8da650108819430b","nativeRecordCid":"079c09df-3985-46ad-82f8-f58495320b6f","documentId":"osft-doc-1373","id":"c287","text":"Conflict resolution in scholarly communication can come in a range of flavours, based around key issues such as academic freedom, governance structures, and financing.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"conflict resolution in scholarly communication","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"This is a non-exhaustive list, but highlights that conflict resolution in scholarly communication can come in a range of flavours, based around key issues such as academic freedom, governance structures, and financing.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1373/c288","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/d44c586117f24062","nativeRecordCid":"2fa57f20-3ca4-4912-bd3b-2941fdd1a744","documentId":"osft-doc-1373","id":"c288","text":"There are varied opinions, and a lack of consensus, around what extent of Open Scholarship adoption is necessary to constitute success.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"consensus on Open Scholarship success","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"There are varied opinions, and a lack of consensus, around what extent of Open Scholarship adoption is necessary to constitute success.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1373/c289","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/fc75cc3b68c541dd","nativeRecordCid":"a9648d1f-128f-4796-a76d-ad7a4dbd22c6","documentId":"osft-doc-1373","id":"c289","text":"The lack of well-defined objectives for Open Scholarship makes defining a pathway with clear cut stepping stones difficult.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"well-defined objectives for Open Scholarship","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Part of this is due to the lack of well-defined objectives, which means that defining a pathway with clear cut stepping stones has been difficult, and remained clouded by the different competing stakeholders and multiplicity of complex processes.","representedInStars":true}
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{"key":"osft-doc-1373/c292","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/8badcaeba18b41c2","nativeRecordCid":"0cc78f0f-8de5-4985-b5d5-55810a8626ca","documentId":"osft-doc-1373","id":"c292","text":"Sufficiently high quality and diversity of services should be provided to permit adequate choice for researchers.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"","subject":"quality and diversity of services","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Providing sufficiently high quality and diversity of services to permit adequate choice for researchers.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1373/c293","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/abbd88d916e84c04","nativeRecordCid":"a80a7b27-8e58-445b-97a3-bcc94f65f488","documentId":"osft-doc-1373","id":"c293","text":"Open Scholarship should be mainstreamed so that it competes with traditional processes in terms of reach, uptake, and incentivisation and reward.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"","subject":"mainstreaming of Open Scholarship","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Mainstreaming Open Scholarship so that it competes with traditional processes, in terms of reach, uptake, and incentivisation and reward.","representedInStars":true}
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{"key":"osft-doc-1373/c297","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/ae5fb2ba2f1e4eb2","nativeRecordCid":"b03a84c3-285a-41f6-87c4-f888b64fae94","documentId":"osft-doc-1373","id":"c297","text":"Quality of research and achievement should be measurably increased, leading to greater career prospects and to social, academic, and economic growth and innovation.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"","subject":"quality of research and achievement","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Measurably increasing quality of research and achievement that leads to greater career prospects, and social, academic, and economic growth and innovation.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1373/c298","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/c54d2a47bd0040cc","nativeRecordCid":"ee1fb64b-5bcc-48e5-bf10-d2ea61f8bbdc","documentId":"osft-doc-1373","id":"c298","text":"Funding agencies should adopt complete Open Access.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"funding agencies","subject":"funding agencies' Open Access adoption","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Adoption of complete Open Access by funding agencies; policies that explicitly allow use of preprints and other pre-publications in funding applications, as well as consideration of non-traditional research outputs.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1373/c299","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/59d30965ccf447ac","nativeRecordCid":"5f1c0c67-47c3-4836-980a-64a1641568d8","documentId":"osft-doc-1373","id":"c299","text":"Policies should explicitly allow use of preprints and other pre-publications in funding applications.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"","subject":"funding application policies","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Adoption of complete Open Access by funding agencies; policies that explicitly allow use of preprints and other pre-publications in funding applications, as well as consideration of non-traditional research outputs.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1373/c300","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/00f462ff8d9649e5","nativeRecordCid":"9ed29cbf-02b9-465d-8fd2-f425f7910dad","documentId":"osft-doc-1373","id":"c300","text":"Policies should allow consideration of non-traditional research outputs.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"","subject":"funding application policies","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Adoption of complete Open Access by funding agencies; policies that explicitly allow use of preprints and other pre-publications in funding applications, as well as consideration of non-traditional research outputs.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1373/c301","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/0a355f66401044bc","nativeRecordCid":"e4f99928-a3dd-4412-9356-281f3bc4bc9d","documentId":"osft-doc-1373","id":"c301","text":"All the strategic sub-domain actions for Open Scholarship are, at least to some degree, important.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"strategic sub-domain actions","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"there is a general agreement that all of these actions are, at least to some degree, important.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1373/c302","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/65d68e8b94d34c9d","nativeRecordCid":"3ff59aef-f7e3-41b1-8876-37c61484fb9f","documentId":"osft-doc-1373","id":"c302","text":"There is an unequal distribution of access to knowledge.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"access to knowledge","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Believing that there is an unequal distribution of access to knowledge, Open Scholarship is concerned with making scholarly knowledge outputs (including publications, code, methods, and data) accessible and available freely for everyone with access to modern technology (e.g., a computer and Internet connection).","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1373/c303","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/bb4cf1f3c4cf4f5f","nativeRecordCid":"66df0451-5820-4f22-ace0-80efc7795c57","documentId":"osft-doc-1373","id":"c303","text":"Scholarly knowledge outputs, including publications, code, methods, and data, should be accessible and available freely for everyone with access to modern technology.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"","subject":"scholarly knowledge outputs","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Believing that there is an unequal distribution of access to knowledge, Open Scholarship is concerned with making scholarly knowledge outputs (including publications, code, methods, and data) accessible and available freely for everyone with access to modern technology (e.g., a computer and Internet connection).","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1373/c304","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/e3bab71bc469496a","nativeRecordCid":"abe41d85-dd1b-4aad-8543-d148b52e9f3f","documentId":"osft-doc-1373","id":"c304","text":"Free and open accessibility of scholarly knowledge outputs is especially important for publicly-funded research.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"","subject":"publicly-funded research accessibility","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"This is especially the case for publicly-funded research.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1373/c305","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/4aad5b7689b04428","nativeRecordCid":"8a542328-9183-4f3b-b2a8-a865b2b18bb1","documentId":"osft-doc-1373","id":"c305","text":"Democracy in Open Scholarship means equal access to knowledge.","kind":"definitional","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"democracy in Open Scholarship","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Importantly, democracy in Open Scholarship means not only equal access to knowledge, but also equal possibilities to contribute to knowledge and equal rights to participate in the world-wide community's decisions that affect knowledge creation and distribution.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1373/c306","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/77b46251c4b94355","nativeRecordCid":"7427c791-6d51-4870-91f3-9f222723b936","documentId":"osft-doc-1373","id":"c306","text":"Democracy in Open Scholarship means equal possibilities to contribute to knowledge.","kind":"definitional","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"democracy in Open Scholarship","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Importantly, democracy in Open Scholarship means not only equal access to knowledge, but also equal possibilities to contribute to knowledge and equal rights to participate in the world-wide community's decisions that affect knowledge creation and distribution.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1373/c307","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/0e93d46aabcf4414","nativeRecordCid":"5bcdad64-055e-4f30-8cd4-9e2a7bad8571","documentId":"osft-doc-1373","id":"c307","text":"Democracy in Open Scholarship means equal rights to participate in the world-wide community's decisions that affect knowledge creation and distribution.","kind":"definitional","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"democracy in Open Scholarship","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Importantly, democracy in Open Scholarship means not only equal access to knowledge, but also equal possibilities to contribute to knowledge and equal rights to participate in the world-wide community's decisions that affect knowledge creation and distribution.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1373/c308","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/7b68579cc92d48a7","nativeRecordCid":"e925d776-628b-4475-b072-5597d3942703","documentId":"osft-doc-1373","id":"c308","text":"Open Scholarship is antithetical to closed power clubs limited to a small number of participants deciding for the whole international community, whether such clubs are supported by institutional or governmental funders or are bottom-up organisations.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"Open Scholarship and closed power clubs","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The latter means that Open Scholarship is antithetical to closed power clubs which are limited to a small number of participants deciding for the whole international community, whether such closed clubs are supported by institutional/governmental funders or are bottom-up organisations (e.g., small groups of prestigious authors).","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1373/c309","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/3b9ad1054b24417e","nativeRecordCid":"09efe3de-c8bd-4018-85d6-2850e31503e0","documentId":"osft-doc-1373","id":"c309","text":"It is unlikely that more than 10 million scholars would agree with rules created for them by a small number of people or groups with financial interest.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"scholars' agreement with imposed rules","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Indeed, it is quite unlikely that more than 10 million scholars, highly educated and intelligent, would agree with some rules created for them by a small number of people (or even worse, by some groups with financial interest).","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1373/c310","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/ffad522b6a6f4f5a","nativeRecordCid":"1c7fa126-0883-4c85-99da-2fe36c38444e","documentId":"osft-doc-1373","id":"c310","text":"The new rules governing Open Scholarship are more likely to appear through open debate and many collective projects.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"formation of Open Scholarship rules","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"A more likely scenario is that the new rules governing Open Scholarship will appear in the open debate, through many collective projects, just like how this strategy was formed through collective editing.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1373/c311","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/2b757f6083c44cc7","nativeRecordCid":"34673ffb-5345-4c39-aa82-c37c2dd1150d","documentId":"osft-doc-1373","id":"c311","text":"Several specific mechanisms, including peer-to-peer and blockchain-based mechanisms, have been recently proposed to realise democratic values in Open Scholarship in a decentralised way.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"mechanisms for decentralised Open Scholarship democracy","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Several specific mechanisms have been recently proposed to realise democratic values in Open Scholarship in a decentralised way, including peer-to-peer and blockchain-based mechanisms.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1373/c312","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/f2667376bd5348f9","nativeRecordCid":"cdba1002-81bd-4cd4-9c56-f48c29e6f062","documentId":"osft-doc-1373","id":"c312","text":"There is potential for complexity, or even conflict, in Open Scholarship's objectives as policies and working practices evolve.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"Open Scholarship objectives","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"In working towards principles of Open Scholarship, we acknowledge that there is the potential for complexity, or even conflict in our objectives as policies and working practices evolve.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1373/c313","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/0844b5e438ab471d","nativeRecordCid":"c8cfee3b-62e5-4bc8-81a6-c5814f63ba9b","documentId":"osft-doc-1373","id":"c313","text":"Awareness of the broader research, industry and education landscape helps to position Open Scholarship to have the greatest possible impact.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"awareness of broader landscape","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Awareness of the broader research, industry and education landscape will help to position Open Scholarship to have the greatest possible impact, and to mitigate the potential of other policies and priorities to limit its potential.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1373/c314","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/5339dab3a96948e7","nativeRecordCid":"d8b29995-01e0-44f1-a042-9b9405185163","documentId":"osft-doc-1373","id":"c314","text":"Awareness of the broader research, industry and education landscape helps to mitigate the potential of other policies and priorities to limit Open Scholarship's potential.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"awareness of broader landscape","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Awareness of the broader research, industry and education landscape will help to position Open Scholarship to have the greatest possible impact, and to mitigate the potential of other policies and priorities to limit its potential.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1373/c315","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/2a9dd82373b0451e","nativeRecordCid":"d311d9e7-2711-4713-996a-97efd63538b5","documentId":"osft-doc-1373","id":"c315","text":"Copyright proposals that limit who is permitted to undertake text and data mining, or policies promoting intellectual property and commercialisation, should be balanced with policies that permit a wide range of uses of data, research, and knowledge.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"","subject":"copyright and IP policies","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"For example, copyright proposals in the EU that would limit who is permitted to undertake TDM (text and data mining), or policies promoting intellectual property (IP) and commercialisation should be balanced with policies that permit a wide range of uses of data, research, and knowledge.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1373/c316","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/15f081cdd8264a28","nativeRecordCid":"74e78a1f-c44c-4da2-99ae-0515d08812e3","documentId":"osft-doc-1373","id":"c316","text":"A number of recent initiatives exist that work towards the development of copyright frameworks that help the Open Scholarship cause.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"copyright framework initiatives","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"There do exist a number of [recent](https://www.communia-association.org/) [initiatives](https://fixcopyright.eu/) working towards the development of copyright frameworks that help the Open Scholarship cause.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1373/c317","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/97e1361b04e54206","nativeRecordCid":"c9a1ed66-77e7-47e5-8681-df28152948f6","documentId":"osft-doc-1373","id":"c317","text":"Open Access publishing should allow not only free to read access but also free to reuse and free to distribute to the widest possible extent.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"","subject":"Open Access publishing","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"[Open Access](bit.ly/oa-book) publishing that allows not only free to read access but also free to reuse and free to distribute to the widest possible extent.","representedInStars":true}
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{"key":"osft-doc-1373/c323","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/353aca92bb714a8b","nativeRecordCid":"9ef135aa-6251-45e4-9d59-f5195582ff8b","documentId":"osft-doc-1373","id":"c323","text":"The 'weak licensing - strong certification' approach to patent management is especially easy to apply in medicine, where therapeutic devices or compounds are weakly licensed in terms of patents but the requirements for entering the market are set high by the regulator.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"weak licensing-strong certification approach","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"One example of the open approach to patent management is \"weak licensing - strong certification\" - a situation especially easy to apply in medicine, where therapeutic devices or compounds are weakly licensed in terms of patents but the requirements for entering the market are set high from the regulator.","representedInStars":true}
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{"key":"osft-doc-1373/c343","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/c87306511f8e4be3","nativeRecordCid":"3bf3283a-3639-4f3f-bd66-40061eacaf75","documentId":"osft-doc-1373","id":"c343","text":"This sort of openness in the research process itself represents a paradigm shift from the traditional closed and independent nature of research.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"openness in the research process","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"This sort of openness in the research process itself represents a paradigm shift from the traditional closed and independent nature of research.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1373/c344","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/2959d6a0064f49c2","nativeRecordCid":"c8659dc9-7b7e-410c-9cdc-adfe8d997830","documentId":"osft-doc-1373","id":"c344","text":"The process behind research should be as transparent as possible, and as closed as necessary.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"","subject":"transparency of the research process","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Making the process behind research should be *as transparent as possible, and as closed as necessary* (for example, in order to protect sensitive data).","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1373/c345","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/e8c60ee13d8e4c67","nativeRecordCid":"2856492a-a00d-43c0-8f2b-50d34795d728","documentId":"osft-doc-1373","id":"c345","text":"Increased transparency of research processes themselves, and not just outputs, enhances reproducibility.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"transparency and reproducibility","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Reproducibility ([Leek and Peng, 2015](https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1421412111); [Patil et al., 2016](https://doi.org/10.1101/066803)), enhanced by increased transparency of research processes themselves, and not just outputs.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1373/c346","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/1170384d4cf34973","nativeRecordCid":"61652f76-04ed-407b-ba48-242119dd45b4","documentId":"osft-doc-1373","id":"c346","text":"Reproducibility includes open methodologies.","kind":"definitional","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"reproducibility","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Includes core aspects such as open methodologies, access to research tools for open work, as well as more transparent research workflows around preprints and open peer review.","representedInStars":false}
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{"key":"osft-doc-1373/c353","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/19aca9fd66954c4e","nativeRecordCid":"131b0e16-ee97-41a4-b6ca-d2a3fb78ae6f","documentId":"osft-doc-1373","id":"c353","text":"Sustainability of research is achieved through increased access to expertise, collaboration, knowledge aggregation, and enhanced productivity.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"sustainability of research","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Sustainability of research through increased access to expertise, collaboration, knowledge aggregation, and enhanced productivity.","representedInStars":true}
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{"key":"osft-doc-1373/c355","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/b3737422bcbe4e14","nativeRecordCid":"bd7e4f8e-c1ef-4f78-b5c7-c935649c7e82","documentId":"osft-doc-1373","id":"c355","text":"Benefaction, by starting from and expanding someone's workflow, codebase, or tools, avoids unnecessary duplication of technical tasks.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"benefaction","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Benefaction, by starting from and expanding someone workflow/codebase/tools, and avoiding unnecessary duplication of technical tasks.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1373/c356","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/1c52e3c57e864b89","nativeRecordCid":"75dbe035-9cb2-41de-bdb4-bbd6fcb040ea","documentId":"osft-doc-1373","id":"c356","text":"Web 2.0 technologies for communication and collaboration help to facilitate increasing demands for higher productivity and research complexity.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"Web 2.0 technologies for collaboration","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Adoption of the huge array of Web 2.0 technologies for communication and collaboration, which help to facilitate increasing demands for higher productivity and research complexity.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1373/c357","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/337e6e32628a4493","nativeRecordCid":"5b2b3f9c-8585-48db-a383-c9769c92d179","documentId":"osft-doc-1373","id":"c357","text":"Much of researchers' contribution to scholarly research in an open, collaborative, and collective manner is dependent on their willingness to do so.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"researcher willingness to contribute openly","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Much of this is dependent on the willingness of researchers themselves to contribute to scholarly research in an open, collaborative, and collective manner.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1373/c358","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/acac204c0d0f408e","nativeRecordCid":"15bb2c1b-2094-43dd-a0f3-7da2fa9dbc6b","documentId":"osft-doc-1373","id":"c358","text":"Researchers' motivation to contribute openly is largely down to whether they perceive the process as advantageous to them, for example getting a return on investment in social capital or prestige.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"researcher motivation to contribute openly","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Motivation for this is largely down to whether such researchers perceive this process as being advantageous to them in some way, for example getting a return on investment in social capital or prestige.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1373/c359","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/026e0715da0b4d44","nativeRecordCid":"d604d385-d78c-49b3-bcd9-32ab36bf84fe","documentId":"osft-doc-1373","id":"c359","text":"Many tools to facilitate and accelerate scientific discovery, and enhance the research process, already exist in some form.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"tools for scientific discovery","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Many tools to facilitate and accelerate scientific discovery, and enhance the research process already exist in some form.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1373/c360","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/fc7cd60ab54148b2","nativeRecordCid":"10181db5-a6f6-4ee3-b193-572b08093167","documentId":"osft-doc-1373","id":"c360","text":"A key element of the design of these research tools is to help researchers improve what they are already doing through efficiency, rather than designing them around what researchers should be doing.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"design of research tools","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"A key element of their design is to help researchers improve what they are already doing, through efficiency, rather than designing them in mind of what researchers should be doing.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1373/c361","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/be43c94e8c764dfc","nativeRecordCid":"33c215c2-3ffb-48be-929e-f1b1ce78db7a","documentId":"osft-doc-1373","id":"c361","text":"Disruption beyond the existing structure, and the close association of research practices to finalised products based around research papers, is unlikely to catalyse change, due to the lack of intrinsic motivation of researchers to commit to processes that do not offer them a reciprocal gain in social capital.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"disruption of research practice structures","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Disruption beyond this structure, and the close association of research practices to finalised products based around research papers, is unlikely to catalyse change. This is due to the lack of intrinsic motivation of researchers to commit to processes that do not offer them a reciprocal gain in social capital.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1373/c362","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/23892dde617c4c28","nativeRecordCid":"2fe48d7c-54d7-4d2f-99f8-b658d2939ab5","documentId":"osft-doc-1373","id":"c362","text":"Achieving the full benefits of Open Scholarship requires platforms, tools and services for dissemination and collaboration.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"","subject":"Open Scholarship platforms, tools and services","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Achieving the full benefits of Open Scholarship requires platforms, tools and services for dissemination and collaboration.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1373/c363","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/cbfef2b9f94a4959","nativeRecordCid":"69afa4b3-e054-4c09-97dc-4ba3437618f5","documentId":"osft-doc-1373","id":"c363","text":"Open scholarly technical infrastructure can be built with current off-the-shelf technologies.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"technical infrastructure","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Such technical infrastructure can be built with current off-shelf technologies and at a much lower cost than traditional publishing methods.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1373/c364","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/bf8b3dc8c4a34735","nativeRecordCid":"8ba4c588-e3d7-4029-893a-1f2628a8da00","documentId":"osft-doc-1373","id":"c364","text":"Open scholarly technical infrastructure can be built at a much lower cost than traditional publishing methods.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"technical infrastructure","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Such technical infrastructure can be built with current off-shelf technologies and at a much lower cost than traditional publishing methods.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1373/c365","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/5b3acae17c474c28","nativeRecordCid":"2f22243c-59dc-42f8-864f-53a202169ee9","documentId":"osft-doc-1373","id":"c365","text":"There is a general lack of funding and support for critical existing aspects of open scholarly infrastructure.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"open scholarly infrastructure","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Presently, there is a general lack of funding and support for critical existing aspects of open scholarly infrastructure, despite its clear role in defining particular research practices and workflows.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1373/c366","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/b4e8d8d8147b4b96","nativeRecordCid":"9de3bc61-99e5-444e-a945-e344a0fdadf8","documentId":"osft-doc-1373","id":"c366","text":"Open scholarly infrastructure has a clear role in defining particular research practices and workflows.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"open scholarly infrastructure","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Presently, there is a general lack of funding and support for critical existing aspects of open scholarly infrastructure, despite its clear role in defining particular research practices and workflows.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1373/c367","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/c0015a2696b1473d","nativeRecordCid":"59e3af61-9578-488c-88f5-ed1365dab0bd","documentId":"osft-doc-1373","id":"c367","text":"Existing open scholarly infrastructure services offer crucial services to a range of stakeholders.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"existing open scholarly infrastructure","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"which offer crucial services to a range of stakeholders.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1373/c368","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/934197e39e094028","nativeRecordCid":"2b7cb9c4-a6a8-4063-9c60-bf4eddba5468","documentId":"osft-doc-1373","id":"c368","text":"Without sustainable funding sources, open scholarly infrastructure services remain vulnerable to collapse.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"open scholarly infrastructure services","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Without sustainable funding sources, these services remain vulnerable to either collapse, or being acquired by players in the private sector, an increasingly common occurrence.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1373/c369","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/6fa48647408944d7","nativeRecordCid":"40cd4d2d-e6f4-47c8-9713-01cb068e5012","documentId":"osft-doc-1373","id":"c369","text":"Without sustainable funding sources, open scholarly infrastructure services remain vulnerable to being acquired by players in the private sector, an increasingly common occurrence.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"open scholarly infrastructure services","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Without sustainable funding sources, these services remain vulnerable to either collapse, or being acquired by players in the private sector, an increasingly common occurrence.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1373/c370","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/808de8deecd342cc","nativeRecordCid":"2b97e590-83f7-400b-bea9-55c2563306a3","documentId":"osft-doc-1373","id":"c370","text":"Continued funder support is required for any sort of sustainable scholarly infrastructure.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"funders","subject":"sustainable scholarly infrastructure","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"To reduce the risk of infrastructure collapse, and to increase its capacity, continued funder support is required for any sort of sustainable scholarly infrastructure","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1373/c371","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/a5a7a358aa124608","nativeRecordCid":"771fc6a0-dd05-402c-a386-60c00ee50d2d","documentId":"osft-doc-1373","id":"c371","text":"A proportion of research funder budgets should be allocated to support sustainable scholarly infrastructure.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"research funders","subject":"research funder budgets","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"A proportion of research funder budgets should be allocated to support this (e.g., 2%)","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1373/c372","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/379bcc0ca09144e2","nativeRecordCid":"c3b7f1d7-09d0-4480-8695-455f83cae155","documentId":"osft-doc-1373","id":"c372","text":"Initiatives such as SCOSS and the Open Research Funders Group should be fully supported.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"","subject":"SCOSS and Open Research Funders Group","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"initiatives such as [SCOSS](http://scoss.org/) and the [Open Research Funders Group](http://www.orfg.org) should be fully supported in this regard.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1373/c373","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/852fb17f30d54ec8","nativeRecordCid":"d6800d30-a76b-49ac-84c3-75c160da9171","documentId":"osft-doc-1373","id":"c373","text":"Sustainable scholarly infrastructure includes standards and persistent identifiers (PIDs).","kind":"definitional","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"sustainable scholarly infrastructure","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"* Standards and Persistent Identifiers (PIDs);","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1373/c374","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/4b388bbd2c874dd1","nativeRecordCid":"09a5c307-3e12-4108-9219-3907c69d1424","documentId":"osft-doc-1373","id":"c374","text":"Sustainable scholarly infrastructure includes shared services, including abstracting/indexing services and research data services.","kind":"definitional","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"sustainable scholarly infrastructure","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"* Shared services, including abstracting/indexing services and research data (e.g., [DOAJ](https://doaj.org/));","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1373/c375","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/f137a95c7abe4b57","nativeRecordCid":"f64749c0-6fe1-471d-8557-69aab0695448","documentId":"osft-doc-1373","id":"c375","text":"Sustainable scholarly infrastructure includes support and dissemination services.","kind":"definitional","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"sustainable scholarly infrastructure","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"* Support and dissemination services (e.g., [SHERPA/RoMEO](http://www.sherpa.ac.uk/romeo/index.php));","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1373/c376","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/34745a9d209b4d8d","nativeRecordCid":"78ba018d-a277-47fc-a103-f2c7d63fc1bd","documentId":"osft-doc-1373","id":"c376","text":"Sustainable scholarly infrastructure includes repository services.","kind":"definitional","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"sustainable scholarly infrastructure","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"* Repository services (e.g., [COAR](https://www.coar-repositories.org/) and [OpenDOAR](https://v2.sherpa.ac.uk/opendoar/));","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1373/c377","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/8a2df74faf8e431d","nativeRecordCid":"b0e76ae7-a866-4976-9981-d994e551a127","documentId":"osft-doc-1373","id":"c377","text":"Sustainable scholarly infrastructure includes publishing services.","kind":"definitional","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"sustainable scholarly infrastructure","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"* Publishing services (e.g., arXiv, hcommons, Open Journals);","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1373/c378","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/639e4542cf1d4336","nativeRecordCid":"9fec075a-9616-4435-90cc-ba5539dda3d2","documentId":"osft-doc-1373","id":"c378","text":"Sustainable scholarly infrastructure includes collaboration platforms and tools.","kind":"definitional","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"sustainable scholarly infrastructure","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"* Collaboration platforms and tools (e.g., [the Open Science Framework](https://osf.io/));","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1373/c379","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/25f4c81e7b2c4a62","nativeRecordCid":"b4e65418-82c5-4e37-ab4b-cab748f7cb63","documentId":"osft-doc-1373","id":"c379","text":"Sustainable scholarly infrastructure includes automation of open practices (\"open by default\").","kind":"definitional","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"sustainable scholarly infrastructure","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"* Automation of open practices (\"open by default\");","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1373/c380","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/f7c1b83b694d4b82","nativeRecordCid":"40405cc8-8cb0-4d30-a055-7ceaf938a7f4","documentId":"osft-doc-1373","id":"c380","text":"Sustainable scholarly infrastructure includes open citation services building upon ORCID and CrossRef initiatives.","kind":"definitional","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"sustainable scholarly infrastructure","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"* Open citation services building upon ORCID and CrossRef initiatives (e.g., [opencitations](http://opencitations.net/) and [I4OC](https://i4oc.org/));","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1373/c381","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/afb2ca9d27564438","nativeRecordCid":"c6a48c56-2446-436d-b516-3c5b33d1d95b","documentId":"osft-doc-1373","id":"c381","text":"Sustainable scholarly infrastructure includes Social Virtual Research Environments (SVREs), to facilitate the management and sharing of research objects, provide the incentives for Open Scholarship, integrate existing software and tools, and provide the actual platform for conducting of research.","kind":"definitional","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"sustainable scholarly infrastructure","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"* Social Virtual Research Environments (SVREs), to facilitate the management and sharing of research objects, provide the incentives for Open Scholarship, integrate existing software and tools, and provide the actual platform for conducting of research;","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1373/c382","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/6151249881a54c5c","nativeRecordCid":"4004ca91-e0b6-4f56-b332-6ce7736a31ed","documentId":"osft-doc-1373","id":"c382","text":"Sustainable scholarly infrastructure includes interoperability of services.","kind":"definitional","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"sustainable scholarly infrastructure","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"* Interoperability of services (e.g., based on [FAIR principles](https://www.nature.com/articles/sdata201618)); and,","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1373/c383","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/e5f6368953b24659","nativeRecordCid":"9da9faf4-2dec-4c0d-b0c4-5b2f04ac1af8","documentId":"osft-doc-1373","id":"c383","text":"Sustainable scholarly infrastructure includes semantic web technology: metadata, harvesting and exchange services.","kind":"definitional","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"sustainable scholarly infrastructure","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"* Semantic web technology: metadata, harvesting, exchange services (see e.g. [the Open Metadata Handbook](https://en.wikibooks.org/wiki/Open_Metadata_Handbook)).","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1373/c384","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/67f18e89c0f64bde","nativeRecordCid":"3533c4ac-6a92-4935-b153-83ab4d426534","documentId":"osft-doc-1373","id":"c384","text":"The best way to regard infrastructure is as existing interactive technologies that go unnoticed until they cease to work as they should.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"infrastructure","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Perhaps the best way to regard infrastructure is as existing interactive technologies that you do not really notice until they cease to work as they should.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1373/c385","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/d5ab92e2b65f425b","nativeRecordCid":"2684eb96-9c87-45e0-8d50-d8d2efbcb27e","documentId":"osft-doc-1373","id":"c385","text":"Open Scholarship infrastructures should achieve a streamlined process of large-scale, data-intensive research, operated collaboratively through high-performance computer clusters that transcend all geographical, technical, and disciplinary boundaries.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"","subject":"scholarly infrastructures","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Ultimately, what we might want to achieve with such infrastructures is a streamlined process of large-scale, data-intensive research, operated collaboratively through high-performance computer clusters that transcend all geographical, technical, and disciplinary boundaries.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1373/c386","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/498aa3186f994a81","nativeRecordCid":"da7a2ec9-d3c0-4045-92cc-0a3c85d5b28d","documentId":"osft-doc-1373","id":"c386","text":"The potential social aspects of infrastructure services give additional scope for a range of purposes, including networking, marketing and promotion, non-academic information exchange, and discussion forums.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"infrastructure services","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The potential social aspects of such services means that there is additional scope for a range of purposes, including networking, marketing and promotion, non-academic information exchange, and discussion forums.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1373/c387","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/edffb4a846784478","nativeRecordCid":"c338b851-4c48-49b1-87c2-57c37c45fe10","documentId":"osft-doc-1373","id":"c387","text":"True societal impact requires societal engagement in research.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"","subject":"societal impact","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Based on the recognition that true societal impact requires societal engagement in research and readily understandable communication of scientific results, Open Scholarship seeks to bring the public to collaborate in research through community science.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1373/c388","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/4030f9da1b0a4ced","nativeRecordCid":"55f5f342-0657-4c33-ba18-bbcdecde6dc4","documentId":"osft-doc-1373","id":"c388","text":"True societal impact requires readily understandable communication of scientific results.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"","subject":"societal impact","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Based on the recognition that true societal impact requires societal engagement in research and readily understandable communication of scientific results, Open Scholarship seeks to bring the public to collaborate in research through community science.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1373/c389","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/0ff12ec275af4b78","nativeRecordCid":"bbe152bf-3a22-4c6a-ae16-decb70b94da6","documentId":"osft-doc-1373","id":"c389","text":"Open Scholarship seeks to bring the public to collaborate in research through community science.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"Open Scholarship","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Based on the recognition that true societal impact requires societal engagement in research and readily understandable communication of scientific results, Open Scholarship seeks to bring the public to collaborate in research through community science.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1373/c390","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/9aafbb106d6c4bca","nativeRecordCid":"a68cb7f5-3146-4853-8356-1475a7a6235e","documentId":"osft-doc-1373","id":"c390","text":"Web 2.0 technologies are fully capable of helping to make scholarship more readily understandable through non-specialist summaries, blogging, and other less formal communicative methods.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"Web 2.0 technologies","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Web 2.0 technologies are fully capable of helping to make scholarship more readily understandable through non-specialist summaries, blogging, and other less formal communicative methods.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1373/c391","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/a357b15bbb6c4faa","nativeRecordCid":"df4e2636-a945-4dd0-9a26-9fc60acb36f8","documentId":"osft-doc-1373","id":"c391","text":"Societal impact should not be a secondary or niche consideration for research, but rather an intrinsic part of it.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"","subject":"societal impact","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Here, societal impact (e.g., a better understanding of the world) should not be a secondary or niche consideration for research, but rather an intrinsic part of it.","representedInStars":true}
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{"key":"osft-doc-1373/c399","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/56af86438567496f","nativeRecordCid":"8138f0e6-28bc-4ec8-87c8-c9a491ace8cb","documentId":"osft-doc-1373","id":"c399","text":"Constant and continuous documentation and sharing of research outputs helps prepare research for greater digestion and comprehension by the wider community, particularly non-specialist interested parties.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"documentation and sharing of research outputs","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"This helps to prepare research for greater digestion and comprehension from the wider community, and in particular non-specialist interested parties.","representedInStars":true}
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{"key":"osft-doc-1373/c402","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/cab7643c2e5744cf","nativeRecordCid":"c249abd8-14c7-4a9c-afd2-4adcca7ac575","documentId":"osft-doc-1373","id":"c402","text":"New metrics that reflect different values and more diverse forms of scientific impact are needed to change how academics are measured.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"","subject":"new metrics","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"to change how they are measured means new metrics that reflect different values and more diverse forms of scientific impact","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1373/c403","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/e8c592f412a745c4","nativeRecordCid":"593c25b7-8c24-4af2-b43d-cc297fab31b7","documentId":"osft-doc-1373","id":"c403","text":"The usage of advanced metrics and analytics for research assessment is in its relative infancy within academia.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"advanced metrics and analytics","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Ironically perhaps, the usage of advanced metrics and analytics for research assessment is in its relative infancy within the halls of academia.","representedInStars":true}
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{"key":"osft-doc-1373/c409","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/b989e7a7025c4fd0","nativeRecordCid":"e10c9553-568a-4679-9e76-9bdc323b5d46","documentId":"osft-doc-1373","id":"c409","text":"The Journal Impact Factor is often inappropriately used at the article- and individual-level.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"Journal Impact Factor","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The most notorious example is the Journal Impact Factor, an average citation metric across journals that is often inappropriately used at the article- and individual-level, and also confines assessment to journal-based research outputs, thereby discriminating against innovative forms of research assessment","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1373/c410","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/306677f1a5d14366","nativeRecordCid":"403be646-ed53-43a3-a263-cda3b2362d89","documentId":"osft-doc-1373","id":"c410","text":"The Journal Impact Factor confines assessment to journal-based research outputs.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"Journal Impact Factor","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The most notorious example is the Journal Impact Factor, an average citation metric across journals that is often inappropriately used at the article- and individual-level, and also confines assessment to journal-based research outputs, thereby discriminating against innovative forms of research assessment","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1373/c411","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/455603a6d41f47e2","nativeRecordCid":"b6ee3f4d-2c50-4d5a-be96-5e1e699c3c66","documentId":"osft-doc-1373","id":"c411","text":"The Journal Impact Factor discriminates against innovative forms of research assessment.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"Journal Impact Factor","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The most notorious example is the Journal Impact Factor, an average citation metric across journals that is often inappropriately used at the article- and individual-level, and also confines assessment to journal-based research outputs, thereby discriminating against innovative forms of research assessment","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1373/c412","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/7551c095755d490c","nativeRecordCid":"b1e6db16-23de-49d8-b08c-92fd309604da","documentId":"osft-doc-1373","id":"c412","text":"Open Scholarship seeks alternative metrics (altmetrics) that can make use of new possibilities of digitally networked tools to track and measure the impact of scholarship through formerly invisible activities.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"alternative metrics (altmetrics)","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Open Scholarship seeks \"[alternative metrics](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Altmetrics)\" (also known broadly as altmetrics; not to be confused with the company, [Altmetric](https://www.altmetric.com/)) that can make use of the new possibilities of digitally networked tools to track and measure the impact of scholarship through formerly invisible activities.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1373/c413","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/bc206d26fc7b4974","nativeRecordCid":"b6ec4edd-5037-4118-b2b4-13e4bf645bbf","documentId":"osft-doc-1373","id":"c413","text":"Altmetrics build the context of a research object by capturing formerly invisible activities such as social shares, tagging, bookmarks, collections, readerships, comments and discussion, ratings, and usage or citation in non-journal formats.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"altmetrics","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"These include social shares, tagging, bookmarks, addition to collections, readerships, comments and discussion, ratings, and usage or citation in non-journal formats, all of which build the *context* of a research object.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1373/c414","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/e7e662b39f90468f","nativeRecordCid":"ce828352-1845-44ed-9c25-393841d6ffe4","documentId":"osft-doc-1373","id":"c414","text":"Altmetrics capture new forms of information about the dissemination of research.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"altmetrics","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Importantly, these capture new forms of information about the dissemination of research, as well as the process of collaboration, which help to expand the traditional view of publication being the end of a narrow research pipeline.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1373/c415","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/c9211e7513f24371","nativeRecordCid":"cb6edcef-a03b-416f-9dae-2a7ee88402f2","documentId":"osft-doc-1373","id":"c415","text":"Altmetrics capture new forms of information about the process of collaboration.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"altmetrics","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Importantly, these capture new forms of information about the dissemination of research, as well as the process of collaboration, which help to expand the traditional view of publication being the end of a narrow research pipeline.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1373/c416","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/6f0246d99aea4c04","nativeRecordCid":"202b5e87-38f9-4145-8b94-bfcd1480ad1c","documentId":"osft-doc-1373","id":"c416","text":"Altmetrics help to expand the traditional view of publication being the end of a narrow research pipeline.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"altmetrics","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Importantly, these capture new forms of information about the dissemination of research, as well as the process of collaboration, which help to expand the traditional view of publication being the end of a narrow research pipeline.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1373/c417","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/f19d6cdd8ced4e81","nativeRecordCid":"9bd9baa3-17fa-4467-b227-64d29c6517f7","documentId":"osft-doc-1373","id":"c417","text":"The principles of responsible metrics use are closely aligned with the goals of Open Scholarship.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"principles of responsible metrics","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Therefore, the principles of [*responsible metrics*](https://responsiblemetrics.org/) use are closely aligned with the goals of Open Scholarship:","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1373/c418","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/f0f616872c9f47e2","nativeRecordCid":"a28b119f-015d-4944-9897-3ba7239954f2","documentId":"osft-doc-1373","id":"c418","text":"Metrics should be based on the best possible data in terms of accuracy and scope.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"","subject":"metrics","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"* **Robustness**: Basing metrics on the best possible data in terms of accuracy and scope;","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1373/c419","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/044442f694fd4f5e","nativeRecordCid":"95df1f34-396b-43c1-9e8b-b7833226d519","documentId":"osft-doc-1373","id":"c419","text":"Quantitative evaluation should support, but not supplant, qualitative, expert assessment.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"","subject":"quantitative evaluation","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"* **Humility**: Recognising that quantitative evaluation should support - but not supplant - qualitative, expert assessment;","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1373/c420","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/71f18c588d114db3","nativeRecordCid":"322382ff-a849-490a-a589-fb072536ff93","documentId":"osft-doc-1373","id":"c420","text":"Data collection and analytical processes for metrics should be kept open and transparent, so that those being evaluated can test and verify the results.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"","subject":"metrics data collection and analytical processes","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"* **Transparency**: Keeping data collection and analytical processes open and transparent, so that those being evaluated can test and verify the results;","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1373/c421","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/1ca02e1aa2bd4042","nativeRecordCid":"b26c8da7-0a83-4be8-bebf-eeb05ba6efe8","documentId":"osft-doc-1373","id":"c421","text":"Metrics should account for variation by field, and use a range of indicators to reflect and support a plurality of research and researcher career paths across the system.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"","subject":"metrics","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"* **Diversity**: Accounting for variation by field, and using a range of indicators to reflect and support a plurality of research and researcher career paths across the system;","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1373/c422","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/7406ba58c1eb46eb","nativeRecordCid":"b64cc3c9-ff87-4d75-9186-828794708889","documentId":"osft-doc-1373","id":"c422","text":"Metrics should recognise and anticipate the systemic and potential effects of indicators, and be updated in response.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"","subject":"metrics","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"* **Reflexivity**: Recognising and anticipating the systemic and potential effects of indicators, and updating them in response.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1373/c423","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/ed3597e7ee704c21","nativeRecordCid":"d53d1ab7-1e21-4ee5-bbbd-0a9b1cf3935d","documentId":"osft-doc-1373","id":"c423","text":"Norms of research evaluation should change from traditional metrics to a more rigorous, evidence-based, and diverse/holistic suite of sources.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"","subject":"norms of research evaluation","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"* Changing norms of research evaluation from traditional metrics, to a more rigorous, evidence-based, and diverse/holistic suite of sources.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1373/c424","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/16245b606fa94ca6","nativeRecordCid":"7c9a1479-5314-47e1-9704-7ce159136092","documentId":"osft-doc-1373","id":"c424","text":"The Journal Impact Factor should not be used in any form.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"","subject":"Journal Impact Factor","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"* Stop using the Journal Impact Factor in any form, and commit to the principles and practices outlined in the [San Francisco Declaration on Research Assessment](https://sfdora.org/) (DORA), and the [Leiden Manifesto](http://www.leidenmanifesto.org/), and a fairer, more objective and robust system of research evaluation.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1373/c425","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/a740f3b3503b4b4b","nativeRecordCid":"3a64fd5c-345a-48f4-8f7c-e55be6e230cb","documentId":"osft-doc-1373","id":"c425","text":"The principles and practices outlined in the San Francisco Declaration on Research Assessment (DORA) and the Leiden Manifesto should be adopted.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"","subject":"research assessment principles and practices","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"* Stop using the Journal Impact Factor in any form, and commit to the principles and practices outlined in the [San Francisco Declaration on Research Assessment](https://sfdora.org/) (DORA), and the [Leiden Manifesto](http://www.leidenmanifesto.org/), and a fairer, more objective and robust system of research evaluation.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1373/c426","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/e96429419b084c67","nativeRecordCid":"cf0398e0-fd35-481a-ad87-f21a3f2463d8","documentId":"osft-doc-1373","id":"c426","text":"A fairer, more objective and robust system of research evaluation should be adopted.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"","subject":"research evaluation system","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"* Stop using the Journal Impact Factor in any form, and commit to the principles and practices outlined in the [San Francisco Declaration on Research Assessment](https://sfdora.org/) (DORA), and the [Leiden Manifesto](http://www.leidenmanifesto.org/), and a fairer, more objective and robust system of research evaluation.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1373/c427","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/0946b64153fa43f2","nativeRecordCid":"5fe324de-6656-4412-ad6c-a3eb1063e466","documentId":"osft-doc-1373","id":"c427","text":"Alternative metrics, including those explicitly designed to measure openness, may be considered in research evaluation.","kind":"normative","modality":"may","actor":"","subject":"alternative metrics","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"* Consider alternative metrics, including those explicitly designed to measure openness ([Nichols and Twidale, 2017](https://doi.org/10.1002/asi.23741)).","representedInStars":true}
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{"key":"osft-doc-1373/c447","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/a085a050542a489f","nativeRecordCid":"a5ab1e5f-0edb-45df-8587-7ff3923d682b","documentId":"osft-doc-1373","id":"c447","text":"The Open Scholarship community must create educational curricula for practitioners.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"the Open Scholarship community","subject":"educational curricula","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Create educational curricula for practitioners;","representedInStars":true}
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{"key":"osft-doc-1373/c449","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/acca02ba5e294c4a","nativeRecordCid":"92c4fced-02bf-4a0e-ad7b-d8acc090bede","documentId":"osft-doc-1373","id":"c449","text":"The Open Scholarship community must collaborate with other related or overlapping communities, including Open Science Hardware and Open Source Software, on common areas of interest.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"the Open Scholarship community","subject":"collaboration with related communities","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Collaborate with other related or overlapping communities, including Open Science Hardware and Open Source Software, on common areas of interest.","representedInStars":true}
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{"key":"osft-doc-1373/c451","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/b25a92c711604afb","nativeRecordCid":"47d8ce0f-4c92-4ebc-a2e0-f1440ceae863","documentId":"osft-doc-1373","id":"c451","text":"Community science produces spill-over effects to and from education.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"community science","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Spill-over effects to and from education; and","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1373/c452","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/40d2191895884e83","nativeRecordCid":"cf90a375-88f5-47c8-804e-6e741bf6ceff","documentId":"osft-doc-1373","id":"c452","text":"Community science strengthens the ability to participate intellectually, donate computing power, biological samples or other resources, including money, towards research projects.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"community science","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Strengthening the ability to participate intellectually, donate computing power, biological samples or other resources, including money (crowdfunded research), towards research projects.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1373/c453","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/b3304db4417040a0","nativeRecordCid":"07e92e9c-f352-49fb-8dd1-4ee15329c2d6","documentId":"osft-doc-1373","id":"c453","text":"The global scholarly community is vast, covering every continent, and embedded within strong research and academic institutes.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"global scholarly community","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The global scholarly community is vast, covering every continent, and embedded within strong research and academic institutes.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1373/c454","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/7d3b7e8670ab46d2","nativeRecordCid":"36544404-86d5-4694-a7bc-ab162266b4e3","documentId":"osft-doc-1373","id":"c454","text":"The 'Open' movement goes beyond just scholarship, and is related to wider fields such as Open Culture, Open Government, Open Source, and Open Society.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"the Open movement","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The 'Open' movement goes beyond just scholarship, and is related to wider fields such as Open Culture, Open Government, Open Source, and Open Society.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1373/c455","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/0706cfb9c0444ceb","nativeRecordCid":"ab5bbb82-cc79-447d-b7dc-086da25dd2d3","documentId":"osft-doc-1373","id":"c455","text":"The potential collective impact that the Open movement can have is enormous, with ramifications for global society.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"the Open movement","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Therefore, the potential collective impact that the movement can have is enormous, with ramifications for global society; for example, influencing the [UN Sustainable Development Goals](http://www.unfoundation.org/features/globalgoals/the-global-goals.html).","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1373/c456","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/b6ea88fe4cf24579","nativeRecordCid":"a34656b6-6be9-41af-8e1c-939e16ffb579","documentId":"osft-doc-1373","id":"c456","text":"Open Scholarship activism as part of a broader Open movement is benefiting from cross-collaborations with advocates from across different sectors.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"Open Scholarship activism","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Open Scholarship activism as part of a broader Open movement is benefiting from cross-collaborations with advocates from across different sectors.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1373/c457","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/ca36b67b780249ae","nativeRecordCid":"ad3792b1-6d34-4930-9b0e-04a523ef861b","documentId":"osft-doc-1373","id":"c457","text":"Open Scholarship is often seen as a gateway to Open Education.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"Open Scholarship","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"For example, now Open Scholarship is often seen as a gateway to Open Education, but has policies strengthened by experiences from the Open Source movement.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1373/c458","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/228208130cca4df2","nativeRecordCid":"2e3b650c-2f47-4d54-aed6-763a0023634d","documentId":"osft-doc-1373","id":"c458","text":"Open Scholarship has policies strengthened by experiences from the Open Source movement.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"Open Scholarship","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"For example, now Open Scholarship is often seen as a gateway to Open Education, but has policies strengthened by experiences from the Open Source movement.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1373/c459","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/d99ece7d85554d56","nativeRecordCid":"8a972ffb-03cd-438b-983e-ccef2e7d9430","documentId":"osft-doc-1373","id":"c459","text":"Significant successes in Open Scholarship are often attributed to passionate, persevering champions, particularly in the policy and advocacy/adoption arenas.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"Open Scholarship successes","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Significant successes in Open Scholarship are often attributed to passionate, persevering champions, particularly in the policy and advocacy/adoption arenas.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1373/c460","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/8167984bb684463d","nativeRecordCid":"9b6dfa11-217f-495a-be08-1fff507895d9","documentId":"osft-doc-1373","id":"c460","text":"Passionate, persevering champions demonstrate a great capacity to achieve substantial changes almost single-handedly.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"passionate champions","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"These individuals demonstrate a great capacity to achieve substantial changes, and create strong influences, almost single-handedly.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1373/c461","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/90bb413f89db446e","nativeRecordCid":"bbb68ea6-9a9e-4f87-8d8c-9ca8e451f505","documentId":"osft-doc-1373","id":"c461","text":"Passionate, persevering champions demonstrate a great capacity to create strong influences almost single-handedly.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"passionate champions","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"These individuals demonstrate a great capacity to achieve substantial changes, and create strong influences, almost single-handedly.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1373/c462","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/4d9b11c3999444d7","nativeRecordCid":"e3b970ed-99a5-4448-a8ff-c6b253657865","documentId":"osft-doc-1373","id":"c462","text":"Passionate champions become especially important as an asset to the movement when their experiences and knowledge can be shared and multiplied, through building of collaborations, networks and communities, and mentorship models.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"passionate champions","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"As an asset to the movement, they become especially important when their experiences and knowledge can be shared and multiplied, through building of collaborations, networks and communities, and mentorship models.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1373/c463","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/8803c4312db94f0f","nativeRecordCid":"1816d006-dd10-484a-a14e-72a1f2e7dbea","documentId":"osft-doc-1373","id":"c463","text":"There is an increasingly strong case now supporting almost all aspects of Open Scholarship.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"evidence for Open Scholarship","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"There is an increasingly strong case now supporting almost all aspects of Open Scholarship.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1373/c464","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/38ac386503154c3b","nativeRecordCid":"2d543612-74af-4e1f-8aa5-c2e28f96c1fa","documentId":"osft-doc-1373","id":"c464","text":"The impact of evidence supporting Open Scholarship can be seen at multiple levels, from the practices of individuals up to national-level policies around Open Access and Open Scholarship.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"evidence for Open Scholarship","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The impact of this can be seen at multiple levels, from the practices of individuals, up to national-level policies around Open Access and Open Scholarship.","representedInStars":true}
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{"key":"osft-doc-1373/c466","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/32b9b01bb4d44e07","nativeRecordCid":"cf5ca85a-f7a5-4df1-a861-f8b467ea6d80","documentId":"osft-doc-1373","id":"c466","text":"As the Open Scholarship movement grows, the evidence base and the depth of critical analysis will continue to develop and mature.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"evidence base and critical analysis","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"As the movement grows, the evidence base, and the depth of critical analysis will continue to develop and mature.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1373/c467","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/61a0909950aa4d71","nativeRecordCid":"7b936f3a-1862-4bdd-bd7b-f24ac685f535","documentId":"osft-doc-1373","id":"c467","text":"The green route to Open Access relates to self-archiving.","kind":"definitional","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"green route to Open Access","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The former relates to self-archiving, and the latter to publishing in an Open Access journal.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1373/c468","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/a39a8610e5a64c8c","nativeRecordCid":"f03cf597-004d-4470-bc4f-1a59b06c77a6","documentId":"osft-doc-1373","id":"c468","text":"The gold route to Open Access relates to publishing in an Open Access journal.","kind":"definitional","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"gold route to Open Access","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The former relates to self-archiving, and the latter to publishing in an Open Access journal.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1373/c469","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/d46050de6a8e48ea","nativeRecordCid":"b5ae75a5-afe7-4a93-8d5b-657a945d8ddc","documentId":"osft-doc-1373","id":"c469","text":"Open Access models generally transcend geographical, institutional, or sectoral variations.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"Open Access models","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"While some variations exist (e.g., diamond, bronze, platinum OA), these models generally transcend geographical, institutional, or sectoral variations.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1373/c470","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/3839fe7495144c6c","nativeRecordCid":"124f5009-8496-42a3-b62d-105c597f4d1c","documentId":"osft-doc-1373","id":"c470","text":"The growth and adoption of preprints provides a method of getting research out sooner and more transparently.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"preprints","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The growth and adoption of preprints as a method of getting research out sooner and more transparently.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1373/c471","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/8079a27927794634","nativeRecordCid":"6fc03134-3003-4077-8efb-2df8ec1a5f4a","documentId":"osft-doc-1373","id":"c471","text":"The growth and adoption of preprints has led to a rapidly evolving landscape around preprints, with technological innovation and community practices constantly adapting.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"preprints","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"In the last two years, this has led to a rapidly evolving [landscape](https://doi.org/10.31222/osf.io/796tu) around preprints, with technological innovation and community practices constantly adapting.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1373/c472","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/84fc4de8bcbf4314","nativeRecordCid":"35af3356-333c-4d81-be92-1f36ef6240ec","documentId":"osft-doc-1373","id":"c472","text":"Open Scholarship charters and declarations offer internally consistent sets of goals and actions that are the result of a lot of thinking and discussing.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"Open Scholarship charters and declarations","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"This ever-growing range of high-level statements in support of openness (typically [Open Access](http://oad.simmons.edu/oadwiki/Declarations_in_support_of_OA)), but also [more broadly](http://tinyurl.com/scholcomm-charters), offers internally consistent sets of goals and actions that are result of a lot of thinking and discussing.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1373/c473","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/6b015a42ffdd4839","nativeRecordCid":"3e89093f-976f-499a-b90d-7d8b4634adbc","documentId":"osft-doc-1373","id":"c473","text":"The push to develop policy models for Open Scholarship transpires from a combination of dynamic, broad and cohesive top-down and bottom-up approaches.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"policy models for Open Scholarship","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"This transpires from a combination of dynamic, broad and cohesive top-down (policy initiatives from funders, governments, institutions) and bottom-up (grassroots) approaches.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1373/c474","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/b5f81e47780045ff","nativeRecordCid":"cdb8f65b-1e64-4c8f-987a-7dd8286cdc4e","documentId":"osft-doc-1373","id":"c474","text":"The imperative and agenda for Open Scholarship must remain recognised at the highest political levels.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"","subject":"Open Scholarship agenda","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"It remains important that the imperative and agenda for Open Scholarship remains recognised at the highest political levels.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1373/c475","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/34b67563bd1b4fc6","nativeRecordCid":"3eb249bf-8360-4a61-8773-88408f0e8d7e","documentId":"osft-doc-1373","id":"c475","text":"Bodies such as governments and funders demand that researchers comply with rules about data sharing, open code, and the like.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"governments and funders","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"One issue with top-down policies is that bodies such as governments and funders demand researchers to comply with rules about data sharing, open code, and the like, yet do not always provide the resources or structures necessary for compliant behaviour.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1373/c476","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/b0bc528da69540fc","nativeRecordCid":"32970769-f457-47e7-bc12-5cbb6ae87922","documentId":"osft-doc-1373","id":"c476","text":"Governments and funders do not always provide the resources or structures necessary for compliant behaviour.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"governments and funders","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"One issue with top-down policies is that bodies such as governments and funders demand researchers to comply with rules about data sharing, open code, and the like, yet do not always provide the resources or structures necessary for compliant behaviour.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1373/c477","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/9894996d5981458c","nativeRecordCid":"6de76a9f-fc2d-44ef-972e-7876d6f6c910","documentId":"osft-doc-1373","id":"c477","text":"Bottom-up policies weave together best practices from existing scientific research communities.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"bottom-up policies","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Bottom-up policies weave together best-practices from existing scientific research communities and, compared to top-down approaches, are more often voluntary than mandatory.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1373/c478","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/6ef15c426fe04097","nativeRecordCid":"c4ededee-3f2e-4eab-8962-ebde704d6060","documentId":"osft-doc-1373","id":"c478","text":"Bottom-up policies are more often voluntary than mandatory, compared to top-down approaches.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"bottom-up policies","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Bottom-up policies weave together best-practices from existing scientific research communities and, compared to top-down approaches, are more often voluntary than mandatory.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1373/c479","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/9202401735bd4da7","nativeRecordCid":"6c8185a8-fa19-45ae-8729-c2abca1322fa","documentId":"osft-doc-1373","id":"c479","text":"Evaluating the degree of alignment between top-down and bottom-up policies might help illustrate how both approaches can better accommodate and promote Open Scholarship together.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"alignment between top-down and bottom-up policies","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Evaluating the degree of alignment between top-down and bottom-up policies might help to illustrate how both approaches can better accommodate and promote Open Scholarship together.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1373/c480","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/f3fb3cd08ad042a1","nativeRecordCid":"eed7b118-35ac-49b7-b846-5ed0e072d102","documentId":"osft-doc-1373","id":"c480","text":"The breadth of aspects that fall under Open Scholarship and the enormous diversity of organisations and individuals pushing these forward make it possible to scope the shifting landscape of the movement.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"Open Scholarship movement's diversity of goals","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"If one considers the breadth of aspects that fall under Open Scholarship (e.g., Open Access, Open Evaluation, Open Data, Open Source, Citizen Science), and the enormous diversity of organisations and individuals pushing these forward, then it is possible to scope the shifting landscape of the movement.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1373/c481","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/01f559ec75114e34","nativeRecordCid":"bb0484de-458e-4fa2-afc5-78ac3fd9e7e3","documentId":"osft-doc-1373","id":"c481","text":"Open Scholarship efforts must be more linked up in the future for parallel progression to occur.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"","subject":"Open Scholarship efforts","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Making sure that these efforts are more linked up in the future will be critical for parallel progression.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1373/c482","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/4f725180d9cd4058","nativeRecordCid":"4f03cd29-dd39-40c4-be4e-b0513679f190","documentId":"osft-doc-1373","id":"c482","text":"SciELO has proven unequivocally successful across Latin America, Portugal, and South Africa.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"SciELO","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"For example, the [Scientific Electronic Library Online](http://www.scielo.org/php/index.php?lang=en) (SciELO) has proven unequivocally successful across Latin America, Portugal, and South Africa.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1373/c483","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/8c084cc07e014288","nativeRecordCid":"5dcda66e-c8cf-42f3-a5b3-20f5acf72fd5","documentId":"osft-doc-1373","id":"c483","text":"Africa Journals Online (AJOL) has become very popular in Africa.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"Africa Journals Online","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Similarly, [Africa Journals Online](https://www.ajol.info/) (AJOL) has become very popular in Africa.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1373/c484","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/8560d483bc6a4f24","nativeRecordCid":"f2918613-b723-4743-acb2-ea7c2b042806","documentId":"osft-doc-1373","id":"c484","text":"Open Scholarship has been recognised by key international organisations active in research and education.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"Open Scholarship","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Open Scholarship has been recognised by key international organisations active in research and education, and has strong support from institutes around the world.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1373/c485","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/7778af36cb824258","nativeRecordCid":"5614b77f-be4d-45aa-ba9c-e2c47138f791","documentId":"osft-doc-1373","id":"c485","text":"Open Scholarship has strong support from institutes around the world.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"Open Scholarship","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Open Scholarship has been recognised by key international organisations active in research and education, and has strong support from institutes around the world.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1373/c486","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/569ebd5035114e42","nativeRecordCid":"991236fe-d932-4e4e-a09d-a03ed6fad989","documentId":"osft-doc-1373","id":"c486","text":"Open Scholarship tends to have a common language (English, usually) for ease of understanding.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"Open Scholarship","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Open Scholarship tends to have a common language (English, usually) for ease of understanding (although see below for why this can also be a challenge).","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1373/c487","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/2c0171ade3b34cd8","nativeRecordCid":"d1d3685a-43a6-4e13-8855-5d4e842292fc","documentId":"osft-doc-1373","id":"c487","text":"The Open Scholarship movement's published articles and resources are typically free.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"Open Scholarship movement's publications","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The Open Scholarship movement publishes articles and resources that are typically free, well-indexed by Google and other search engines, easy to read on mobile devices, and quick to make use of graphics and multimedia to illustrate points.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1373/c488","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/45e29e12a093448d","nativeRecordCid":"c7b45b09-28c1-4014-aa75-bf59a5341ad4","documentId":"osft-doc-1373","id":"c488","text":"The Open Scholarship movement's published articles and resources are well-indexed by Google and other search engines.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"Open Scholarship movement's publications","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The Open Scholarship movement publishes articles and resources that are typically free, well-indexed by Google and other search engines, easy to read on mobile devices, and quick to make use of graphics and multimedia to illustrate points.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1373/c489","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/02dfa011e4d94ccc","nativeRecordCid":"62947e51-7430-4b95-bcb7-e4a902fc06e2","documentId":"osft-doc-1373","id":"c489","text":"The Open Scholarship movement's published articles and resources are easy to read on mobile devices.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"Open Scholarship movement's publications","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The Open Scholarship movement publishes articles and resources that are typically free, well-indexed by Google and other search engines, easy to read on mobile devices, and quick to make use of graphics and multimedia to illustrate points.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1373/c490","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/f3f7e7f3a6b34e31","nativeRecordCid":"13ce9332-1e25-42d4-9c5f-1346b6a79181","documentId":"osft-doc-1373","id":"c490","text":"The Open Scholarship movement's published articles and resources are quick to make use of graphics and multimedia to illustrate points.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"Open Scholarship movement's publications","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The Open Scholarship movement publishes articles and resources that are typically free, well-indexed by Google and other search engines, easy to read on mobile devices, and quick to make use of graphics and multimedia to illustrate points.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1373/c491","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/d25a3c0e11424eb4","nativeRecordCid":"0dc404e6-b57a-46c1-afb9-f8dce0d14922","documentId":"osft-doc-1373","id":"c491","text":"The Open Scholarship movement's tendency to embrace technology helps it disseminate its ideas more broadly and quickly than traditional publication methods.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"Open Scholarship movement's dissemination","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"This tendency to embrace technology helps the Open Scholarship movement disseminate its ideas more broadly and quickly than can be accomplished by traditional publication methods.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1373/c492","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/2379babe0ba948d9","nativeRecordCid":"768856b1-7d2f-422f-9810-f32887fd05a9","documentId":"osft-doc-1373","id":"c492","text":"Practices such as platform-independent text formatting, well-formed document structures, and alt-texts help make information machine-readable.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"accessibility-related publishing practices","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Corresponding practices such as the active use of platform-independent text formatting (i.e. via markdown), the provision of well-formed document structures via clearly-labelled headings, paragraphs, etc., and a pro-active assignment of alt-texts for images and descriptive information for graphs, videos, etc. does not only help making information machine-readable, which is needed for properly disseminating information via the semantic web, but also has the added benefit of making this information accessible for people with access needs","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1373/c493","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/c9a6cd03668c4471","nativeRecordCid":"6d1bedc8-89fe-487f-81b8-f190b2d7b41f","documentId":"osft-doc-1373","id":"c493","text":"Machine-readable information is needed for properly disseminating information via the semantic web.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"","subject":"machine-readable information","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"does not only help making information machine-readable, which is needed for properly disseminating information via the semantic web, but also has the added benefit of making this information accessible for people with access needs","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1373/c494","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/062590a070884814","nativeRecordCid":"ec6ec62e-bbe3-4fcd-a222-f4b80a2f3ce1","documentId":"osft-doc-1373","id":"c494","text":"These accessibility-related publishing practices also have the added benefit of making information accessible for people with access needs.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"accessibility-related publishing practices","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"but also has the added benefit of making this information accessible for people with access needs","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1373/c495","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/ce169cb349af45cb","nativeRecordCid":"518fa007-d46a-40c2-a31c-b1495e0af541","documentId":"osft-doc-1373","id":"c495","text":"There is currently little consensus over whether the future of Open Scholarship should be owned purely by non-profit entities or whether there is space for private or corporate interests.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"future ownership of Open Scholarship","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"There is currently little consensus over whether the future of Open Scholarship should be purely owned by non-profit entities governed by the global scholarly community (including charities and NGOs), or whether there is a space for private or corporate interests.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1373/c496","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/2d16978996be439c","nativeRecordCid":"79455be8-79a6-4275-8d9b-a896c429ca09","documentId":"osft-doc-1373","id":"c496","text":"The future of Open Scholarship is likely to be a mixed model combining all actor types.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"future of Open Scholarship","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"It is likely that the future will be a mixed model combining all actor types, although the relative position, power, and status of these remains to be seen.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1373/c497","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/fc00258318ab4b62","nativeRecordCid":"3515726d-e00f-44fa-9da6-9102596f8532","documentId":"osft-doc-1373","id":"c497","text":"Further discussion is needed to overcome the widespread inertia surrounding current Open Scholarship business models.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"","subject":"Open Scholarship business models","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Further discussion is needed here to overcome the widespread inertia where current business models are concerned.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1373/c498","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/3215fd6c032e4693","nativeRecordCid":"46126c3e-c734-41ae-9a96-259ecfc949b9","documentId":"osft-doc-1373","id":"c498","text":"Discussion is needed to overcome the misconception that Open Scholarship is anti-commercial and to demonstrate its return on investment.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"","subject":"Open Scholarship and commercial interests","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Overcoming the misconception that Open Scholarship is anti-commercial/demonstrating return on investment","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1373/c499","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/aa5149fd40f94a45","nativeRecordCid":"e5b43d1d-a1f6-4815-ba7e-96f42c544430","documentId":"osft-doc-1373","id":"c499","text":"Discussion is needed to resolve frictions between a Scholarly Commons model for research and its operation within a capitalistic framework.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"","subject":"Scholarly Commons vs capitalism","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Resolving frictions between a [Scholarly Commons](https://www.force11.org/group/scholarly-commons-working-group) model for research, and its operation within a capitalistic framework.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1373/c500","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/57f1a6739ab94530","nativeRecordCid":"8becd532-5e64-4d45-a8e7-e2df1d550175","documentId":"osft-doc-1373","id":"c500","text":"Discussion is needed to seek development of alternative business models, such as the consortium approach of the Open Library of Humanities.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"","subject":"alternative business models","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Seeking development of alternative business models, such as the consortium approach of the Open Library of Humanities ([Eve and Edwards, 2015](https://doi.org/10.16995/olh.46)).","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1373/c501","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/607582850a9c48d6","nativeRecordCid":"65f19806-d08e-4d45-9b71-b3340b7375ee","documentId":"osft-doc-1373","id":"c501","text":"Open Scholarship is characterized by numerous competing, parallel, and overlapping definitions in principles and practices.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"Open Scholarship definitions","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Open Scholarship is characterized by numerous competing, parallel, and overlapping definitions in principles and practices.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1373/c502","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/27b478a6e9704bd0","nativeRecordCid":"c9606759-0b47-4728-8f9e-e2b88fe29d76","documentId":"osft-doc-1373","id":"c502","text":"Governments, public and private funding agencies, research institutes, and educational entities continually develop diverse policies to govern Open Scholarship initiatives.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"Open Scholarship policy development","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Accordingly, governments, public and private funding agencies, research institutes, and educational entities continually develop diverse policies to govern Open Scholarship initiatives.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1373/c503","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/0a59546353974ecf","nativeRecordCid":"4500d175-86a4-4818-8701-10d555f91d9f","documentId":"osft-doc-1373","id":"c503","text":"Open Scholarship policies span countries, scientific disciplines, and components of the Open Scholarship ecosystem.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"Open Scholarship policies","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"These policies span countries, scientific disciplines, and components of the Open Scholarship ecosystem, and impose rules, regulations, and guidelines upon the scientific research community via mechanisms including government policies, grant funding requirements, and institutional mandates.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1373/c504","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/e28d08e610114bae","nativeRecordCid":"1f8551da-7d2b-4d63-9ef5-f9467d3e2c90","documentId":"osft-doc-1373","id":"c504","text":"Open Scholarship policies impose rules, regulations, and guidelines upon the scientific research community via mechanisms including government policies, grant funding requirements, and institutional mandates.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"Open Scholarship policies","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"These policies span countries, scientific disciplines, and components of the Open Scholarship ecosystem, and impose rules, regulations, and guidelines upon the scientific research community via mechanisms including government policies, grant funding requirements, and institutional mandates.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1373/c505","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/3d7d01e6ec1d4c5d","nativeRecordCid":"18f649de-dcd4-41be-ab5e-248706d082f1","documentId":"osft-doc-1373","id":"c505","text":"Open Science has been a high priority on the EU agenda for some time.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"EU Open Science agenda","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"[Open Science](https://ec.europa.eu/research/openscience/index.cfm) has been a high priority on the EU agenda for some time.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1373/c506","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/0c273ace4e2f44f8","nativeRecordCid":"1daa8306-3f56-412c-8229-c19b103bb8f0","documentId":"osft-doc-1373","id":"c506","text":"The EU's Open Science focus has primarily been on economic growth, development, and innovation.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"EU Open Science focus","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The primary focus of this has, however, been on economic growth, development, and innovation.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1373/c507","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/53b84ad4283c45aa","nativeRecordCid":"6e24d11a-5c99-49fe-a572-e6f7b15867bf","documentId":"osft-doc-1373","id":"c507","text":"The core academic and social aspects of Open Scholarship appear to have been somewhat under-discussed in the EU.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"academic/social aspects in EU discourse","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The core academic and social aspects of Open Scholarship appear to have been somewhat under-discussed.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1373/c508","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/4054c535353744f4","nativeRecordCid":"d17d1194-d145-4e06-90ef-5570b2aa139e","documentId":"osft-doc-1373","id":"c508","text":"Other nations have been generally slow in adopting national Open Science policies or strategies.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"national Open Science policy adoption","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Other nations have been generally slow in adopting national Open Science policies or strategies.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1373/c509","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/57e9d71fad194a37","nativeRecordCid":"2f7ea54c-0725-45e2-92c9-a9d2684fbd0e","documentId":"osft-doc-1373","id":"c509","text":"In France, the National Plan for Open Science focuses on benefits to research.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"France's National Plan for Open Science","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"In France, the focus was on benefits to research, education, the economy and innovation, and society.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1373/c510","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/11cbd223e67948a3","nativeRecordCid":"7734b6df-7a9a-451b-905d-282b47922564","documentId":"osft-doc-1373","id":"c510","text":"In France, the National Plan for Open Science focuses on benefits to education.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"France's National Plan for Open Science","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"In France, the focus was on benefits to research, education, the economy and innovation, and society.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1373/c511","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/3ded912800244ce9","nativeRecordCid":"5e9999e0-64c7-4a57-980f-d9f5d2eb7130","documentId":"osft-doc-1373","id":"c511","text":"In France, the National Plan for Open Science focuses on benefits to the economy and innovation.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"France's National Plan for Open Science","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"In France, the focus was on benefits to research, education, the economy and innovation, and society.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1373/c512","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/e9eaacf13a4d4a52","nativeRecordCid":"b1938c0c-7714-4da5-b0fc-ab00344ddc61","documentId":"osft-doc-1373","id":"c512","text":"In France, the National Plan for Open Science focuses on benefits to society.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"France's National Plan for Open Science","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"In France, the focus was on benefits to research, education, the economy and innovation, and society.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1373/c513","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/130b345638e049fd","nativeRecordCid":"e40213c5-1e6b-4efe-91ed-38193876972d","documentId":"osft-doc-1373","id":"c513","text":"In the Netherlands, the focus of Open Science policy appears to be on opening up research to collaborate on social and technological issues.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"Netherlands Open Science policy focus","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"In the Netherlands, the focus appears to be more on opening up research to collaborate on social and technological issues.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1373/c514","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/cce2190108bf4204","nativeRecordCid":"62ae95db-0ec9-4039-89db-f0bcc57c3309","documentId":"osft-doc-1373","id":"c514","text":"In Estonia, Open Science appears to be based on public access rights.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"Estonia's Open Science basis","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"In Estonia, [Open Science](http://www.etag.ee/wp-content/uploads/2017/03/Open-Science-in-Estonia-Principles-and-Recommendations-final.pdf) appears to be more based on public access rights, improving the quality of research and collaboration, and increased social and economic impact.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1373/c515","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/ead15320d44e4606","nativeRecordCid":"78896a50-2435-427c-a4fb-61d2c4e12a0d","documentId":"osft-doc-1373","id":"c515","text":"In Estonia, Open Science appears to be based on improving the quality of research and collaboration.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"Estonia's Open Science basis","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"In Estonia, [Open Science](http://www.etag.ee/wp-content/uploads/2017/03/Open-Science-in-Estonia-Principles-and-Recommendations-final.pdf) appears to be more based on public access rights, improving the quality of research and collaboration, and increased social and economic impact.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1373/c516","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/ecbdde5e2d114380","nativeRecordCid":"887dbe4d-390d-4356-94f9-75722a523e8f","documentId":"osft-doc-1373","id":"c516","text":"In Estonia, Open Science appears to be based on increased social and economic impact.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"Estonia's Open Science basis","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"In Estonia, [Open Science](http://www.etag.ee/wp-content/uploads/2017/03/Open-Science-in-Estonia-Principles-and-Recommendations-final.pdf) appears to be more based on public access rights, improving the quality of research and collaboration, and increased social and economic impact.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1373/c517","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/aba03d44f22e4c50","nativeRecordCid":"c5b42a8e-10f2-49ac-99df-cd4cf0e761a2","documentId":"osft-doc-1373","id":"c517","text":"EU Horizon 2020 is one of the most notable government initiatives involving Open Scholarship policies.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"EU Horizon 2020","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"EU Horizon 2020 is one of the most notable government initiatives involving Open Scholarship policies (see also work on 'Plan S').","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1373/c518","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/8b3b8307377045d0","nativeRecordCid":"0444c6fb-3027-4bd6-8e85-f5f2bec7bc94","documentId":"osft-doc-1373","id":"c518","text":"The Responsible Research and Innovation (RRI) component of the Work Programme 'Science with and for Society' makes open education, research, and access explicit targets of EU policy.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"RRI component of EU Work Programme","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"For example, the Responsible Research and Innovation (RRI) component of the Work Programme \"Science with and for Society\" makes open education, research, and access explicit targets of EU policy.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1373/c519","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/491519a8edc0412f","nativeRecordCid":"bc88d09f-096b-4684-9be1-a4fd4bfed804","documentId":"osft-doc-1373","id":"c519","text":"There is a general lack of synthesized and consistent strategy on the political motivations for Open Scholarship.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"political motivations for Open Scholarship","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"From these examples, it is clear that there is a general lack of synthesized and consistent strategy on the political motivations for Open Scholarship.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1373/c520","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/d81f1a25fcc5478c","nativeRecordCid":"418a983e-ed6a-4ea3-a7a2-a38c58367046","documentId":"osft-doc-1373","id":"c520","text":"Deeper coordination is needed to strategically identify which aspects of Open Scholarship match with each intended political outcome.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"","subject":"political coordination on Open Scholarship","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Deeper coordination is needed in this field to strategically identify which aspects of Open Scholarship match with each intended political outcome.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1373/c521","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/f50f3b4dd42f4a9e","nativeRecordCid":"8e52c288-0d94-49f4-977d-0e6f1f5fad05","documentId":"osft-doc-1373","id":"c521","text":"Awareness of Open Scholarship is still often very low among certain research communities.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"awareness of Open Scholarship","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Awareness of Open Scholarship is still often very low among certain research communities.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1373/c522","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/447d44b73030427d","nativeRecordCid":"c9528195-d1ad-4787-b29a-18745eb67661","documentId":"osft-doc-1373","id":"c522","text":"Open Scholarship exists as a way of increasing standard research workflow efficiency rather than as a direct alternative to it.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"nature of Open Scholarship","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"This is true in the understanding that Open Scholarship exists as a way of increasing standard research workflow efficiency (not as a direct alternative), and the benefits of doing so.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1373/c523","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/87a1734fa8384fd3","nativeRecordCid":"3b8c7980-7c12-4c60-8b44-88d610cbe735","documentId":"osft-doc-1373","id":"c523","text":"Some researchers adopt Open Scholarship practices while hesitating to equate their practices with the term Open Scholarship.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"researcher adoption of Open Scholarship practices","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Some researchers may adopt Open Scholarship practices (e.g., data sharing, Open Access publishing), while hesitate to equate their practices with the term Open Scholarship.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1373/c524","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/45490602d3e44097","nativeRecordCid":"6814b1c2-cea8-4390-bc0d-62f7ba13e847","documentId":"osft-doc-1373","id":"c524","text":"Even where awareness levels of Open Scholarship are high, this does not necessarily translate into adoption, often due to a lack of information, sufficient incentives and motivation, or interest.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"awareness vs adoption of Open Scholarship","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Even where awareness levels are high, this does not necessarily translate into adoption, often due to a lack of information, sufficient incentives and motivation, or interest.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1373/c525","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/61837848f8434315","nativeRecordCid":"533b8860-ec21-4121-896a-95a4d56140e4","documentId":"osft-doc-1373","id":"c525","text":"Whether researchers adopt open scholarship practices for pragmatic reasons without using the label or self-identifying as open scholars requires further empirical investigation.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"","subject":"researcher pragmatic adoption of open scholarship","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The fact that researchers might adopt open scholarship practices based on pragmatic reasons, but don't use the label or identify it as open scholarship, or that they are open scholars, requires further empirical investigation as one of the key social aspects of the movement.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1373/c526","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/bd6230ebe9b942a9","nativeRecordCid":"7425fd5e-5d56-4c9f-b459-18cd1288578c","documentId":"osft-doc-1373","id":"c526","text":"The heterogeneous geographical reach and awareness of Open Scholarship practices needs to be investigated.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"","subject":"geographical reach of Open Scholarship","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The heterogeneous geographical reach and awareness of Open Scholarship practices needs to be investigated.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1373/c527","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/0a342bf9b9ac43d5","nativeRecordCid":"b22dd3d5-2971-49aa-9e53-96daa130687f","documentId":"osft-doc-1373","id":"c527","text":"Open scholarship must be better promoted in non-English languages.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"","subject":"promotion of open scholarship","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Open scholarship must be better promoted in non-English languages.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1373/c528","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/d6eaccefe31c4d4e","nativeRecordCid":"1615c352-a09c-41f7-be36-9a30d5620b4f","documentId":"osft-doc-1373","id":"c528","text":"The hegemony of English often works to further empower Global North countries in conversations about Open Scholarship.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"hegemony of English","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The hegemony of English often works to further empower Global North countries in such conversations.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1373/c529","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/ecce1596d8ce4cac","nativeRecordCid":"195e6d9d-3283-4386-9a41-7f5bc87fd3b2","documentId":"osft-doc-1373","id":"c529","text":"The most influential scientists got their position by being successful in a 'closed' system.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"influential scientists' career origins","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The most influential scientists got their position by being successful in 'closed' system.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1373/c530","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/6aca8b0481ba4a38","nativeRecordCid":"671b0cb9-e889-4d34-9731-d970f7f5f032","documentId":"osft-doc-1373","id":"c530","text":"This closed-system bias is powerful in defining the research practices of early career researchers.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"closed-system bias","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"This bias is powerful in defining research practices of early career researchers.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1373/c531","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/a1d1caed02a3439d","nativeRecordCid":"ea6b1ec0-934c-4cea-b65a-4ed2d6d89864","documentId":"osft-doc-1373","id":"c531","text":"Misleading uses of Open Scholarship terminologies dilute the intended messages.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"misleading use of Open Scholarship terminology","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Misleading uses of Open Scholarship terminologies dilutes the intended messages.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1373/c532","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/5a2a13d0d608403e","nativeRecordCid":"1df120ef-e6aa-4bc5-84f5-bd71565fa25f","documentId":"osft-doc-1373","id":"c532","text":"'Open washing' refers to using Open Scholarship terms for products, services, and practices that are hardly open.","kind":"definitional","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"open washing","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"So-called 'open washing' refers to using the Open Scholarship terms for products, services, and practices that are hardly open.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1373/c533","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/7fe96d5de7124f5f","nativeRecordCid":"bf28d52e-24cf-4435-8b00-e1b0399f729b","documentId":"osft-doc-1373","id":"c533","text":"Free is not open.","kind":"definitional","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"free vs open","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"For example, free is not open, and simply providing research tools is not open either.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1373/c534","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/21cef94cdc714b46","nativeRecordCid":"90d58ecc-679c-480f-8d2f-07ec19b67e35","documentId":"osft-doc-1373","id":"c534","text":"Simply providing research tools is not open.","kind":"definitional","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"research tools vs open","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"For example, free is not open, and simply providing research tools is not open either.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1373/c535","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/9d88aa2f59144d9d","nativeRecordCid":"b4c7d00c-9d5b-483b-a7f9-2214ec9e667d","documentId":"osft-doc-1373","id":"c535","text":"Misleading uses of Open Scholarship terminology include confusing Open Scholarship with Open Access.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"misleading use of Open Scholarship terminology","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"This also includes confusing Open Scholarship with Open Access.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1373/c536","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/d789d32ec41c476f","nativeRecordCid":"23c3c0e2-4fa1-4dbf-89ab-478892b92cd8","documentId":"osft-doc-1373","id":"c536","text":"There is a danger that companies with a history of anti-openness could move into and co-opt the Open Scholarship movement if it is not appropriately defined and adhered to.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"co-optation of Open Scholarship movement","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"There is an imminent danger that some companies with a history of anti-openness can move into and co-opt the Open scholarship movement, if this is not appropriately defined and adhered to.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1373/c537","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/4e06ea11dec648e2","nativeRecordCid":"ecf60723-b6d4-45e9-8c06-f03837c177d7","documentId":"osft-doc-1373","id":"c537","text":"The Open movement is beset by communication and engagement challenges, including from powerful players with opposing or divergent interests.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"Open movement's communication challenges","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The Open movement is beset by communication and engagement challenges, including from powerful players with opposing or divergent interests.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1373/c538","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/2b71a559091d48f5","nativeRecordCid":"70a4d0af-ae8e-4513-a7a0-b7672e076811","documentId":"osft-doc-1373","id":"c538","text":"The Open Scholarship community should adopt the stance of 'radical kindness' when engaging with powerful players with opposing or divergent interests, treating them with absolute, unwavering civility even when such courtesies are not repaid.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"the Open Scholarship community","subject":"engagement with opposing actors","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The community should adopt the stance of 'radical kindness' when engaging with those actors, and treat them with absolute, unwavering civility; in particular, when those common courtesies are not repaid to them.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1373/c539","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/d73fd2de63934439","nativeRecordCid":"b9a2f95f-12e7-4c75-ba6e-1191a1bc7191","documentId":"osft-doc-1373","id":"c539","text":"Open Scholarship comes with its own set of technical terms.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"Open Scholarship terminology","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Open Scholarship does come with its own set of technical terms.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1373/c540","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/bfcd61bf542f4e45","nativeRecordCid":"32b8aae6-0668-4f69-93ad-c5cd59c44da8","documentId":"osft-doc-1373","id":"c540","text":"To lower engagement thresholds, the use of jargon should be avoided where possible.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"","subject":"jargon in Open Scholarship communication","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"To lower engagement thresholds, avoid the use of jargon where possible, and make sure commonly used terms are defined with precision.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1373/c541","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/51f9e95978ca40d6","nativeRecordCid":"9997707f-f706-4697-995f-f774431ca00e","documentId":"osft-doc-1373","id":"c541","text":"To lower engagement thresholds, commonly used terms should be defined with precision.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"","subject":"definition of Open Scholarship terms","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"To lower engagement thresholds, avoid the use of jargon where possible, and make sure commonly used terms are defined with precision.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1373/c542","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/2a3b5979c4f047ec","nativeRecordCid":"3180004c-7462-4bbf-b9ff-ee41ab3fe18f","documentId":"osft-doc-1373","id":"c542","text":"The Open Research Glossary could be useful for defining commonly used Open Scholarship terms with precision.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"Open Research Glossary","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The [Open Research Glossary](https://openresearchglossary.herokuapp.com/) could be useful here.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1373/c543","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/7dfdb63e1a7c4f29","nativeRecordCid":"cf61c6d8-3a74-4eec-9bd9-af90b2e3df07","documentId":"osft-doc-1373","id":"c543","text":"Legal and economic knowledge may be as important as technical knowledge in Open Scholarship.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"legal/economic knowledge importance","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Legal (copyright/licensing) and economic (ownership/business models) knowledge may be as important as technical knowledge.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1373/c544","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/59e5e384c83846cc","nativeRecordCid":"6fce8b68-dc2b-4d2f-8486-c053df46f546","documentId":"osft-doc-1373","id":"c544","text":"Legal and economic knowledge is generally poorly understood or appreciated within scholarly communities.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"legal/economic knowledge understanding","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"This is something though that is generally poorly understood or appreciated within scholarly communities.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1373/c545","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/bf39c8c5592c421c","nativeRecordCid":"dbb41245-c267-46b6-9710-9a4d68121adc","documentId":"osft-doc-1373","id":"c545","text":"Underestimating the power of copyright laws and their intersection with various aspects of Open Scholarship may have been one of the key reasons the Open movement has not met some of its principal objectives.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"copyright law underestimation","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Underestimating the power of copyright laws, and the intersection this has with various aspects of Open Scholarship, may have been one of the key reasons why the Open movement has not met [some of its principle objectives](https://poynder.blogspot.com/2017/02/copyright-immoveable-barrier-that-open.html).","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1373/c546","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/7b44f9dec6e14ad1","nativeRecordCid":"251a06fe-2c3d-4bdc-98c1-79bcbf9e1d9c","documentId":"osft-doc-1373","id":"c546","text":"The Open Scholarship Movement may be able to draw valuable lessons from the experience of the international Open Education movement, particularly from actors involved in introducing Open Educational Resources (OER).","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"lessons from Open Education movement","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The Open Scholarship Movement may be able to draw valuable lessons from the experience of the international Open Education movement - and in particular from the actors involved in the introduction of Open Educational Resources (OER) - because it quickly focused on how to integrate Creative Commons licences for teaching/learning material.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1373/c547","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/efba7f5780bb4ac6","nativeRecordCid":"edfa64d0-f3d1-4dc7-aa6d-f39221105faf","documentId":"osft-doc-1373","id":"c547","text":"The Open Education movement quickly focused on how to integrate Creative Commons licences for teaching/learning material.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"Open Education movement","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"because it quickly focused on how to integrate Creative Commons licences for teaching/learning material.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1373/c548","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/ab9427879d0e455e","nativeRecordCid":"ddc5dd8b-ab6d-4913-ab3f-f399a5cedcea","documentId":"osft-doc-1373","id":"c548","text":"Open Scholarship should be adopted at policy level by national and regional governments, similar to how Open Data and Open Access have been widely adopted by governments.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"national and regional governments","subject":"policy-level adoption of Open Scholarship","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Adoption of Open Scholarship at policy level by national and regional governments (like the way Open Data and Open Access have been widely adopted by governments).","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1373/c549","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/046c7ee7f89b42f1","nativeRecordCid":"413ed7b4-befc-4d0a-acb2-b5731b15ff81","documentId":"osft-doc-1373","id":"c549","text":"Research is a highly competitive endeavour across the world.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"research competitiveness","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Research is a highly competitive endeavour across the world.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1373/c550","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/c80400ebf1cb476a","nativeRecordCid":"cc9e6c00-32c3-4bd7-b4be-7273f01f8530","documentId":"osft-doc-1373","id":"c550","text":"Due to the relative novelty of many Open Scholarship practices, institutes are reluctant to risk their reputation on a global playing field by adopting new operational processes.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"institutional reluctance to adopt Open Scholarship","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Due to the relative novelty of many Open Scholarship practices, it is understandable that institutes do not want to risk their reputation on a global playing field by adopting new operational processes.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1373/c551","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/bbd38faee9ff4734","nativeRecordCid":"5b8ce573-f530-4429-a647-d70ca374250a","documentId":"osft-doc-1373","id":"c551","text":"Wider engagement of non-academic audiences, particularly members of the general public, is important to overcome political inertia regarding Open Scholarship.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"non-academic engagement","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Wider engagement of non-academic audiences, particularly members of the general public, is important to overcome any political inertia regarding Open Scholarship.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1373/c552","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/995c830f0b3a4682","nativeRecordCid":"24407863-a897-4d7f-a07a-33edeeb806de","documentId":"osft-doc-1373","id":"c552","text":"Open Scholarship momentum is building, in terms of more widespread understanding of issues and adoption of practices.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"Open Scholarship momentum","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"All current evidence indicates that Open Scholarship momentum is building, in terms of more widespread understanding of issues and adoption of practices (e.g., in terms of number of institutional Open Access policies, as indicated by [ROARMAP](https://roarmap.eprints.org/dataviz2.html)).","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1373/c553","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/7573a185c3c5436e","nativeRecordCid":"5793cf11-4ca1-4a67-a44a-4c666a096831","documentId":"osft-doc-1373","id":"c553","text":"Diffusion of Open Scholarship practices is often slow and granular, and beset by frictions.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"diffusion of Open Scholarship practices","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"But such diffusion is often slow and granular, and beset by frictions.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1373/c554","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/63639b6b109344d7","nativeRecordCid":"2bc002a7-b90a-4b9c-9675-25994af460c4","documentId":"osft-doc-1373","id":"c554","text":"Further experimentation should be encouraged to demonstrate the applicability of larger-scale adoption of Open Scholarship practices and to increase its rate of growth and ultimate impact.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"","subject":"experimentation with Open Scholarship adoption","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Further experimentation should be encouraged to demonstrate the applicability of larger-scale adoption of practices and to increase the rate of growth, and ultimate impact, of Open Scholarship.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1373/c555","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/5c31f6873ed84415","nativeRecordCid":"d6d71505-88ad-47ee-b1d1-69100c648567","documentId":"osft-doc-1373","id":"c555","text":"The Open Scholarship movement often seems to be fairly combative about minute issues without realizing the amount of agreement on the main issues.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"Open Scholarship movement's internal disputes","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Often, the Open Scholarship movement seems to be fairly combatative about minute issues, without realizing amount of agreement on the main issues.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1373/c556","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/902b93bccfe24fe7","nativeRecordCid":"d4937dd3-900d-4ea4-84e7-d22aaa7c8422","documentId":"osft-doc-1373","id":"c556","text":"Focusing on core principles and/or values and identifying them as a shared commonality sets fertile ground for further, productive discussion.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"focusing on shared core principles","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Focusing on the core principles and/or values and identifying that as a shared commonality sets fertile ground for further, productive discussion.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1373/c557","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/4887361107a349ae","nativeRecordCid":"d992de47-6cdf-4592-9996-91c976c2fbb6","documentId":"osft-doc-1373","id":"c557","text":"Financial sustainability is a key aspect for the future of Open Scholarship.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"financial sustainability","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Financial Sustainability is a key aspect for the future of Open Scholarship.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1373/c558","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/82b9df32ec5b4e98","nativeRecordCid":"3d3fa6a3-ddcc-4eef-bae6-5c3534334192","documentId":"osft-doc-1373","id":"c558","text":"A greater understanding of financial workflows in scholarly communication is required.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"","subject":"financial workflows in scholarly communication","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"A greater understanding of financial workflows in scholarly communication is required, and to support initiatives such as SCOSS, which is dedicated to supporting a sustainable and open scholarly infrastructure.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1373/c559","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/c380445431dd41ae","nativeRecordCid":"673c0222-ecaa-44b2-83bf-f3b43c472775","documentId":"osft-doc-1373","id":"c559","text":"Initiatives such as SCOSS, which is dedicated to supporting a sustainable and open scholarly infrastructure, should be supported.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"","subject":"SCOSS and similar initiatives","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"A greater understanding of financial workflows in scholarly communication is required, and to support initiatives such as SCOSS, which is dedicated to supporting a sustainable and open scholarly infrastructure.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1373/c560","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/b0c54ae395ab4efb","nativeRecordCid":"68843893-0a75-441a-9a6a-d652c64f011c","documentId":"osft-doc-1373","id":"c560","text":"Initiatives such as The 2.5% Commitment could be important in the future for Open Scholarship.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"The 2.5% Commitment","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Initiatives such as [The 2.5% Commitment](https://intheopen.net/2017/09/join-the-movement-the-2-5-commitment/) could be important in the future.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1373/c561","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/a0aef55aaee349b9","nativeRecordCid":"9c8a1ad0-caa4-4c36-857d-45a4fbddfbac","documentId":"osft-doc-1373","id":"c561","text":"There is a clear scope for diverting funds away from present flows such as subscriptions into more sustainable Open Scholarship ventures.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"fund diversion for Open Scholarship","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Thus, there is a clear scope for diverting funds away from present flows (e.g., subscriptions) into more sustainable Open Scholarship ventures.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1373/c562","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/9d11bbaa87ab49a7","nativeRecordCid":"10908f8d-e7e9-4fdc-8574-accbf87f4f3c","documentId":"osft-doc-1373","id":"c562","text":"The Open Library of the Humanities' consortium model distributes the financial burden of individual libraries among a larger group of consortium members.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"Open Library of the Humanities consortium model","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"See also the consortium model mentioned above, of e.g. the [Open Library of the Humanities](https://www.openlibhums.org/site/about/the-olh-model/), which distributes the financial burden of individual libraries among a larger group of consortium members.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1373/c563","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/7dcad7841d124d66","nativeRecordCid":"260c4604-5af8-480d-8385-d63d12264049","documentId":"osft-doc-1373","id":"c563","text":"Researchers already have burdens and pressures in maintaining high productivity levels, funding applications, administration, teaching, and other duties.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"researcher burdens","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"We fully recognise the burdens and pressures that researchers already have, in maintaining high productivity levels, funding applications, administration, teaching, and other duties.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1373/c564","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/cfec87beb53a4b17","nativeRecordCid":"be44e8ae-9301-408a-9dcb-2154b06e88e8","documentId":"osft-doc-1373","id":"c564","text":"Open Scholarship is often not highly prioritised by researchers.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"prioritisation of Open Scholarship","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"This means that often, Open Scholarship, is not highly prioritised, as the current reward system is still highly focused on publication of novel results in high impact journals, which can stifle the rate of growth.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1373/c565","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/0e6ccfefd2be4be1","nativeRecordCid":"3960457a-4027-4971-a31b-0bb787b8bfcf","documentId":"osft-doc-1373","id":"c565","text":"The current reward system is still highly focused on publication of novel results in high impact journals.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"academic reward system","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"as the current reward system is still highly focused on publication of novel results in high impact journals, which can stifle the rate of growth.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1373/c566","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/ef289f7be24e4ef7","nativeRecordCid":"23da3d2e-5ef1-4e53-ac0e-f8a37e1ae790","documentId":"osft-doc-1373","id":"c566","text":"The reward system's focus on novel results in high impact journals can stifle the rate of growth of Open Scholarship.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"reward system's effect on Open Scholarship growth","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"which can stifle the rate of growth.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1373/c567","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/d47edb9ebfd240ce","nativeRecordCid":"4a93a5d9-76a0-4cf1-ac7a-4f4439cf7cc5","documentId":"osft-doc-1373","id":"c567","text":"Open Scholarship proponents need to be patient and understand researchers' burdens.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"Open Scholarship proponents","subject":"patience toward researcher burdens","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Open Scholarship proponents need to be patient and understand this burden.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1373/c568","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/3f685f50057044dc","nativeRecordCid":"46238a15-b509-465c-a940-8a2f9092a359","documentId":"osft-doc-1373","id":"c568","text":"Diverse Open Scholarship initiatives working at different speeds in different communities can still reinforce each other in working towards the same broad goals.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"diverse Open Scholarship initiatives","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Seeing how diverse initiatives working at different speeds in different communities can still reinforce each other in working towards the same broad goals.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1373/c569","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/de8a0e998eaa4041","nativeRecordCid":"bd62dbc1-e37d-4341-a9c3-152aa4057b34","documentId":"osft-doc-1373","id":"c569","text":"Researchers do not necessarily need to be open activists.","kind":"normative","modality":"may","actor":"researchers","subject":"researchers as open activists","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Researchers do not necessarily need to be open activists.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1373/c570","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/18b3b084106d44ca","nativeRecordCid":"34346683-dff9-46e1-bd4c-7a2328eb8e80","documentId":"osft-doc-1373","id":"c570","text":"Researchers should be aware of the functions of the wider scholarly communication system and the diverse range of processes and norms involved in it.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"researchers","subject":"researcher awareness of scholarly communication system","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"However, they should be aware of the functions of the wider scholarly communication system, and the diverse range of processes and norms that are involved in this.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1373/c571","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/a688ee98d85249a1","nativeRecordCid":"573e001d-69df-4b46-bfdc-dab68a0c4b4e","documentId":"osft-doc-1373","id":"c571","text":"Enthusiasm for openness carries the danger of not being receptive to critique.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"enthusiasm for openness","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Enthusiasm for openness carries the danger of not being receptive to critique or not acknowledging that there are situations where the standard open practices can have dangers.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1373/c572","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/e25365cd2ee246bb","nativeRecordCid":"0937e937-2365-4f3b-a7da-febd03dad395","documentId":"osft-doc-1373","id":"c572","text":"Enthusiasm for openness carries the danger of not acknowledging that there are situations where standard open practices can have dangers.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"enthusiasm for openness","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Enthusiasm for openness carries the danger of not being receptive to critique or not acknowledging that there are situations where the standard open practices can have dangers.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1373/c573","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/f9c22761e2884aa1","nativeRecordCid":"3efca9d5-8aa8-4abf-96a5-3a82c0c8c3c5","documentId":"osft-doc-1373","id":"c573","text":"The dangers of open practices may relate to privacy issues.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"dangers of open practices","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"This may relate to privacy issues, but also to data that being open could be captured by governments for surveillance or by companies for corporate interests (think data on rare or indigenous plants/animals, or data showing how local groups or environmental groups work).","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1373/c574","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/3aef67d9f3b24046","nativeRecordCid":"99189117-aa4f-4f3f-bec2-b693de4d622e","documentId":"osft-doc-1373","id":"c574","text":"Open data could be captured by governments for surveillance or by companies for corporate interests.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"open data capture risk","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"but also to data that being open could be captured by governments for surveillance or by companies for corporate interests (think data on rare or indigenous plants/animals, or data showing how local groups or environmental groups work).","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1373/c575","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/05fb250a8639495c","nativeRecordCid":"7babc49f-57c2-4bef-8454-920f71d83b61","documentId":"osft-doc-1373","id":"c575","text":"The limitations of openness also relate to the dangers of platform-based economies.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"limitations of openness","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"It also relates to being open to critique regarding the dangers of platform-based economies and unequal relation in research co-operations.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1373/c576","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/2176851628924461","nativeRecordCid":"afec1245-2832-40f6-9a83-bd3e747d61b1","documentId":"osft-doc-1373","id":"c576","text":"The limitations of openness also relate to unequal relations in research co-operations.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"limitations of openness","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"It also relates to being open to critique regarding the dangers of platform-based economies and unequal relation in research co-operations.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1373/c577","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/86dcbb8860a246cf","nativeRecordCid":"63e0928c-edf1-43d9-bab5-fc4b9705ff25","documentId":"osft-doc-1373","id":"c577","text":"Open Scholarship includes an inherent bias towards English-speaking communities, which discriminates against those who do not speak English as their first language.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"English-speaking bias in Open Scholarship","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"This includes an inherent bias towards English-speaking communities, which discriminates against those who do not speak this, either as their first language at all.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1373/c578","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/d687c342ba944e84","nativeRecordCid":"f0113e26-cf28-47a3-a970-904e08bc2514","documentId":"osft-doc-1373","id":"c578","text":"Open Scholarship must recognise that not all strategies are suitable for all regions and allow for flexibility accordingly.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"Open Scholarship","subject":"regional flexibility of strategies","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Open Scholarship must recognise that not all strategies are suitable for all regions, and allow for flexibility as such.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1373/c579","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/8bd6eb5d8cfd428a","nativeRecordCid":"db64cc41-f7b3-4d3e-9ccd-ee68e065f2b5","documentId":"osft-doc-1373","id":"c579","text":"The Open Scholarship movement must make sure that other regions are not negatively impacted by decisions taken by other extrinsic groups.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"the Open Scholarship movement","subject":"impact of extrinsic decisions on regions","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Related to this, the movement must make sure that other regions are not negatively impacted by decisions taken by other extrinsic groups.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1373/c580","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/ebb65a68f14444a1","nativeRecordCid":"ace0744a-9a66-4fd1-858e-196fbd6f8795","documentId":"osft-doc-1373","id":"c580","text":"Universities and research institutes from across the world are waking up to the promise of Open Scholarship.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"universities and Open Scholarship","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Universities and research institutes from across the world are waking up to the promise of Open Scholarship.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1373/c581","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/61cdbeb549b740c2","nativeRecordCid":"b8538f50-d56a-42bb-912b-b57a89e8e05f","documentId":"osft-doc-1373","id":"c581","text":"Discussions about Open Scholarship are happening at different levels.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"Open Scholarship discussions","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Discussions are happening at different levels, and universities in particular are in a strong position to help guide and develop policy frameworks, best practices, and education on the various aspects of Open Scholarship, including by providing administrative support.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1373/c582","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/da2d599d51e54c55","nativeRecordCid":"d9c4ae12-2808-4f74-a95c-f36e33367802","documentId":"osft-doc-1373","id":"c582","text":"Universities are in a strong position to help guide and develop policy frameworks, best practices, and education on the various aspects of Open Scholarship, including by providing administrative support.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"universities' role in Open Scholarship","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"and universities in particular are in a strong position to help guide and develop policy frameworks, best practices, and education on the various aspects of Open Scholarship, including by providing administrative support.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1373/c583","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/965059a138104fc7","nativeRecordCid":"90c075e2-8578-4101-b8c2-c90d83e2b95c","documentId":"osft-doc-1373","id":"c583","text":"Universities and research funders are in a position to adopt new practices in hiring, promotion, and tenure, and in particular to control how Open Scholarship feeds into these practices.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"universities/funders and hiring practices","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Universities and research funders are in a position to adopt new practices in hiring, promotion, and tenure, and in particular control how Open Scholarship feeds in to this.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1373/c584","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/36a3b3d7e109417f","nativeRecordCid":"ebfe168a-7d94-484f-81e5-57a02e9c4db5","documentId":"osft-doc-1373","id":"c584","text":"Rewarding openness in hiring, promotion, and tenure is a key driver in the increased adoption of open practices.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"rewarding openness","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Rewarding openness at this level is a key driver in the increased adoption of open practices.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1373/c585","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/ce6160fd839a4d41","nativeRecordCid":"41d2efa7-0cf2-4ef4-9fd9-0c65fcfa921b","documentId":"osft-doc-1373","id":"c585","text":"Scholarly communication is a rapidly evolving landscape.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"scholarly communication landscape","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Scholarly communication is a rapidly evolving landscape.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1373/c586","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/090870b65dfa4f14","nativeRecordCid":"461c2227-f72b-4098-b725-ad4b0dcf6ef9","documentId":"osft-doc-1373","id":"c586","text":"There is a huge scope for systematic training and education in scholarly communication, which could be adopted by research institutes.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"training and education in scholarly communication","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"There is a huge scope for systematic training and education in this domain, which could be adopted by research institutes.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1373/c587","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/03132af53d904dd9","nativeRecordCid":"fd385972-68b7-4cea-acb6-b7de3d690284","documentId":"osft-doc-1373","id":"c587","text":"A huge global network of experts already exists with professional capacity for systematic training and education in scholarly communication.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"global network of scholarly communication experts","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"A huge global network of experts already exists with this professional capacity, but funding of such networks would be critical for any sort of sustainability.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1373/c588","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/5295153a474a405d","nativeRecordCid":"615e3836-4860-4613-bfd1-997c5b5a1207","documentId":"osft-doc-1373","id":"c588","text":"Funding of such networks of experts is critical for any sort of sustainability.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"","subject":"funding of expert networks","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"but funding of such networks would be critical for any sort of sustainability.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1373/c589","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/77b5bed7824e4e67","nativeRecordCid":"933f180d-a07b-4a50-b940-a2bf1cc318a4","documentId":"osft-doc-1373","id":"c589","text":"Platforms, communities and technologies already exist today that can support the Open Scholarship movement.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"platforms and technologies supporting Open Scholarship","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Platforms, communities and technologies already exist today that can support this movement.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1373/c590","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/14d6db537d8b4daf","nativeRecordCid":"9ff35db0-1992-4ed9-9359-c0667d71e1c6","documentId":"osft-doc-1373","id":"c590","text":"There is a great opportunity now available to harmonise the scholarly communication policy landscape to simplify compliance for researchers.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"harmonising scholarly communication policy","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Overall, there is a great opportunity now available to harmonise the scholarly communication policy landscape to simplify compliance for researchers.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1373/c591","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/2d455f026e834c0c","nativeRecordCid":"10667ccb-fd12-4621-9204-229dca61b7f6","documentId":"osft-doc-1373","id":"c591","text":"Harmonising the scholarly communication policy landscape must avoid license proliferation, with many one-off licences that may not be mutually compatible and require too much work to interpret.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"","subject":"license proliferation","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"This would need to avoid license proliferation, with many one-off licences that may not be mutually compatible, and require too much work to interpret.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1373/c592","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/8fbca279c7c84869","nativeRecordCid":"4dfa5161-3e8a-4bdb-95f5-70a483d346c0","documentId":"osft-doc-1373","id":"c592","text":"Open source addressed license proliferation through OSI-approved licenses, with MIT/BSD/GPL emerging as the most common licenses with clearly understood mutual compatibility.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"open source licensing","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Open source \"solved\" this with OSI-approved licenses, and MIT/BSD/GPL emerged as most common licenses with clearly understood mutual compatibility.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1373/c593","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/1bed334564504db0","nativeRecordCid":"e36c4bf7-e87b-40f4-8dae-cf31d9a571ab","documentId":"osft-doc-1373","id":"c593","text":"The equivalent solution for article and data licenses should be something equivalent to CC BY.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"","subject":"article and data licensing","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The equivalent here for article and data licenses would be something equivalent to CC BY.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1373/c594","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/31346cd9484f4ece","nativeRecordCid":"4048336f-6c34-4aa9-9dd6-6835adcac998","documentId":"osft-doc-1373","id":"c594","text":"A combined approach of top-down policy changes and grassroots campaigning, advocacy, and training and education is needed to close the gap between positive attitudes to Open Scholarship and actual practices.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"","subject":"combined policy and grassroots approach","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"A combined approach of top-down policy changes and grassroots campaigning, advocacy, and training and education is needed to close the gap between positive attitudes to most aspects of Open Scholarship and the actual practices.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1373/c595","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/410e9695c7384d3f","nativeRecordCid":"4459a407-1a2c-4799-9b08-2d9d7765c993","documentId":"osft-doc-1373","id":"c595","text":"There is a lack of research into personal determinants and environmental conditions of (not) publishing Open Access.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"barriers to Open Access adoption","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Lack of research into personal determinants and environmental conditions of (not) publishing Open Access;","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1373/c596","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/3bfbe7e229b24374","nativeRecordCid":"07420072-0ef7-4cab-b9e5-440b780f1f92","documentId":"osft-doc-1373","id":"c596","text":"Embargo periods to protect publisher revenues are lengthy, complex, and confusing.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"embargo periods","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Lengthy, complex and confusing embargo periods to protect publisher revenues;","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1373/c597","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/fdc3a2cb8657464b","nativeRecordCid":"75eafcd4-43d8-4b55-b2e3-73ff65d9529a","documentId":"osft-doc-1373","id":"c597","text":"Embargo compliance reconciliation systems are time-consuming and expensive.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"embargo compliance systems","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Time-consuming and expensive embargo compliance reconciliation systems;","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1373/c598","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/8834d1be48af47c4","nativeRecordCid":"cdfa67be-49fe-4fbc-bc05-f91b9fbb9b37","documentId":"osft-doc-1373","id":"c598","text":"There are conflicts between funder and publisher policies.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"funder-publisher policy conflicts","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Conflicts between funder and publisher policies;","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1373/c599","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/72837734bb534179","nativeRecordCid":"1bea1068-8f2b-4ee8-a63c-9cf4e0a4cc24","documentId":"osft-doc-1373","id":"c599","text":"Copyright continues to be transferred from researchers to publishers.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"copyright transfer","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Continued transferral of copyright from researchers to publishers;","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1373/c600","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/412b08a033a14f87","nativeRecordCid":"ef927661-a655-4c4d-8277-ed0e4e45c9e5","documentId":"osft-doc-1373","id":"c600","text":"There is a lack of distributed article-processing charge funding.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"APC funding","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Lack of distributed article-processing charge funding;","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1373/c601","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/282dbc11345941c0","nativeRecordCid":"86336b03-5126-4da8-ae4c-2f5bd067cf71","documentId":"osft-doc-1373","id":"c601","text":"High and unsustainable APCs and BPCs are widely applied.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"APCs and BPCs","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Wide application of high and unsustainable APCs and BPCs, which are particularly discriminatory against specific demographics who might lack appropriate funds;","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1373/c602","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/ec0536cd2d4140fc","nativeRecordCid":"7dbdd881-d8e8-40b3-b2b9-e525f70a900e","documentId":"osft-doc-1373","id":"c602","text":"High and unsustainable APCs and BPCs are particularly discriminatory against specific demographics who might lack appropriate funds.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"APCs and BPCs","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Wide application of high and unsustainable APCs and BPCs, which are particularly discriminatory against specific demographics who might lack appropriate funds;","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1373/c603","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/082bd89baab74d40","nativeRecordCid":"fd6fe58d-48c8-43b3-a04e-57adb9dab68e","documentId":"osft-doc-1373","id":"c603","text":"There is a lack of knowledge in negotiating the difficulties of Open Access adoption.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"knowledge of OA negotiation","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Lack of knowledge in negotiating these difficulties;","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1373/c604","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/e0167453d3904133","nativeRecordCid":"2984d240-96b6-4514-9b04-d4dfe0df3629","documentId":"osft-doc-1373","id":"c604","text":"There is a lack of awareness that most journals indexed in the DOAJ do not charge article processing charges.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"awareness of DOAJ APC practices","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Lack of Awareness and acknowledgement of the fact that around [70% of journals indexed in the DOAJ](https://sustainingknowledgecommons.org/2018/02/06/doaj-apc-information-as-of-jan-31-2018/) do not charge article processing charges;","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1373/c605","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/6925d5d14d084908","nativeRecordCid":"ecb829ce-27d2-4bd8-b43d-1bf7b773dcee","documentId":"osft-doc-1373","id":"c605","text":"There is no widely-agreed upon large-scale solution for issues regarding Open Access for books.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"OA for books","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"No widely-agreed upon large-scale solution for issues regarding OA for books;","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1373/c606","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/d4da8f0856934c45","nativeRecordCid":"5cfd94ca-6f43-4658-b7aa-2b52ec9fa150","documentId":"osft-doc-1373","id":"c606","text":"There are continuing perceptions of a lack of prestige for many OA journals.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"perceived prestige of OA journals","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Continuing perceptions of lack of prestige for many OA journals; and","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1373/c607","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/78c6fcbcf22c424a","nativeRecordCid":"433fa1a2-974c-4712-90c7-1cd5228ea66c","documentId":"osft-doc-1373","id":"c607","text":"There is a lack of appropriate offsetting deals around OA deals and hybrid journals.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"offsetting deals","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"A lack of appropriate offsetting deals around OA deals and hybrid journals.","representedInStars":true}
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{"key":"osft-doc-1373/c610","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/3d90053d399549d3","nativeRecordCid":"279404bf-0a1d-4eee-a0bd-b382ff860636","documentId":"osft-doc-1373","id":"c610","text":"There is a lack of research into personal determinants and environmental conditions of (not) sharing data.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"barriers to data sharing","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Lack of research into personal determinants and environmental conditions of (not) sharing data;","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1373/c611","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/fa05d77744bb4d09","nativeRecordCid":"ff0391b5-9b54-478a-8b2f-a27de46111ae","documentId":"osft-doc-1373","id":"c611","text":"There is a lack of skills and awareness of best practices in data sharing.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"data sharing skills and awareness","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Lack of skills and awareness of best practices;","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1373/c612","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/5bbb904c3c144990","nativeRecordCid":"87cb2041-087b-4272-8a51-0c2e4c670640","documentId":"osft-doc-1373","id":"c612","text":"There is a lack of agreement on how Research Data Management (RDM) activities should be funded.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"RDM funding agreement","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Lack of agreement on how Research Data Management (RDM) activities should be funded;","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1373/c613","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/bdbf4b50a7b34ba3","nativeRecordCid":"8f5ee84a-c17c-4190-a8f0-331bea6c87b5","documentId":"osft-doc-1373","id":"c613","text":"There are licensing issues in data sharing and a lack of awareness surrounding them.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"data licensing issues","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Licensing issues, and a lack of awareness surrounding them;","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1373/c614","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/ad85ad5e0de143ba","nativeRecordCid":"ac3b503e-384d-4661-aa3a-8182053dedbe","documentId":"osft-doc-1373","id":"c614","text":"There is a lack of infrastructure to support good RDM throughout the research lifecycle.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"RDM infrastructure","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Lack of infrastructure to support good RDM throughout research lifecycle; and","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1373/c615","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/3e9bf90494374746","nativeRecordCid":"6e0a613d-d7fb-4950-b2c6-fb9984cf3d2a","documentId":"osft-doc-1373","id":"c615","text":"There is a general neglect to explicitly grant reuse rights in data.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"reuse rights in data","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Neglect to explicitly grant reuse rights in data, so they inherit poor reuse right from publications.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1373/c616","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/0c14ff4398344be9","nativeRecordCid":"a12c04e1-7936-401b-b797-e723c8640bef","documentId":"osft-doc-1373","id":"c616","text":"Data that lack explicitly granted reuse rights inherit poor reuse rights from publications.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"reuse rights in data","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Neglect to explicitly grant reuse rights in data, so they inherit poor reuse right from publications.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1373/c617","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/33a57926565941e4","nativeRecordCid":"a980b7e9-4220-4e45-811d-57c8e6cda4fc","documentId":"osft-doc-1373","id":"c617","text":"A lack of suitable incentives creates fear rooted in traditionally-embedded mentality and practices, such as the fear that sharing data reduces an individual's competitiveness.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"lack of data-sharing incentives","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"A lack of suitable incentives creating fear from traditionally-embedded mentality and practices; for instance that sharing data reduces the competitiveness of an individual (e.g. \"someone will use my data in the wrong way,\" or \"I need to get 5 more publications out of this data\"\").","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1373/c618","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/0dc743ca661942b7","nativeRecordCid":"d4f9fe9d-f831-47e4-801e-97363c4096cd","documentId":"osft-doc-1373","id":"c618","text":"Incentives must change to motivate and facilitate cultural change.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"","subject":"incentive change","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Incentives must change to motivate and facilitate cultural change.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1373/c619","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/550cadb360434f31","nativeRecordCid":"ed39fa3b-b1d2-4b51-8f9d-f931ea2fc2b8","documentId":"osft-doc-1373","id":"c619","text":"Continued reliance on non-transparent, non-reproducible metrics information from commercial providers will continue to be detrimental to scholarship.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"reliance on commercial metrics","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Continued reliance on non-transparent, non-reproducible metrics information from commercial providers will continue to be detrimental to scholarship.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1373/c620","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/0b904327d56b4a80","nativeRecordCid":"ce7c162f-9396-44b2-9638-819db224314f","documentId":"osft-doc-1373","id":"c620","text":"New metrics must be designed to create incentives to influence researcher behaviour, preferably based around openness.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"","subject":"design of new metrics","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"New metrics must be designed to create incentives to influence researcher behaviour, preferably based around openness.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1373/c621","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/3c96fcfeeec041a7","nativeRecordCid":"36db73f8-093f-40f7-acf3-a39bcb773219","documentId":"osft-doc-1373","id":"c621","text":"Elsevier and Springer Nature (via Digital Science) appear to be developing services spanning the entire research workflow, from discovery through to funding.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"Elsevier and Springer Nature service development","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Elsevier & Holtzbrinck/Springer Nature (via Digital Science) seem to be developing services for across the entire research workflow, from discovery through to funding.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1373/c622","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/8dabcf226a5040d2","nativeRecordCid":"d98d9db4-26e4-4a62-9120-5ccc231ca51d","documentId":"osft-doc-1373","id":"c622","text":"Big commercial publishers pose a threat because they will try to bundle their services for institutions via 'big deals', locking institutions into non-transferable services in order to access other services they consider vital, the same strategy used in bundling journals.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"big commercial publisher service bundling","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"These pose a definite threat in that they will start trying to bundle these services for institutions via \"big deals\" - so that institutions get locked into using non-transferable services for some things in order to have access to services they consider vital (i.e., same strategy used in bundling journals)","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1373/c623","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/23fed932bf0f48a1","nativeRecordCid":"f3625ec1-9edf-4b15-ae38-9e7787da7301","documentId":"osft-doc-1373","id":"c623","text":"Publisher bundling of research workflow services would lead to new inefficiencies.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"publisher service bundling effects","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"This would ultimately lead to new inefficiencies, vendor lock-in, and the same price bloat we see associated with 'big deal' licensing contracts.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1373/c624","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/3ee81b67e7a34e61","nativeRecordCid":"3d02eabf-d741-4107-8f2e-a891c3c2091c","documentId":"osft-doc-1373","id":"c624","text":"Publisher bundling of research workflow services would lead to vendor lock-in.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"publisher service bundling effects","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"This would ultimately lead to new inefficiencies, vendor lock-in, and the same price bloat we see associated with 'big deal' licensing contracts.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1373/c625","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/eb80a8e3293d4fe2","nativeRecordCid":"e3c461bc-f499-49a3-b195-2dd9b55c2b1b","documentId":"osft-doc-1373","id":"c625","text":"Publisher bundling of research workflow services would lead to the same price bloat associated with 'big deal' licensing contracts.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"publisher service bundling effects","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"This would ultimately lead to new inefficiencies, vendor lock-in, and the same price bloat we see associated with 'big deal' licensing contracts.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1373/c626","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/179407812880462d","nativeRecordCid":"fee9b926-c7d3-469a-943f-c053364dd3c1","documentId":"osft-doc-1373","id":"c626","text":"There is an increasing colonisation of the preprint landscape by commercial interests.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"preprint landscape","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Regarding preprints, there is an increasing colonisation of the landscape by commercial interests (e.g., Elsevier acquisition of SSRN and scientific publication workflow solutions company [Aries Systems](https://www.elsevier.com/about/press-releases/corporate/elsevier-to-acquire-aries-systems-a-best-in-class-publication-workflow-solutions-provider)).","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1373/c627","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/e157d228c4dd42d5","nativeRecordCid":"6b748b88-4c2b-4d7f-80b7-937ecb9c4f0b","documentId":"osft-doc-1373","id":"c627","text":"Commercial colonisation of the preprint landscape leads to wider commercial control, irrespective of the final venue of publication.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"commercial control of publication venues","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"This leads to wider commercial control, irrespective of the final venue of publication.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1373/c628","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/ff87aeb53c144ed8","nativeRecordCid":"4e1b89cc-37e0-4960-a682-a577be6bec0d","documentId":"osft-doc-1373","id":"c628","text":"Researchers are generally resistant to change.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"researchers' resistance to change","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Researchers are generally resistant to change, as is human nature, and often defined as a system of 'cultural inertia' within academia.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1373/c629","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/e69c55298fec44b8","nativeRecordCid":"2b2c8cd5-36e4-463d-9365-5e60b7e266d1","documentId":"osft-doc-1373","id":"c629","text":"Researchers' resistance to change is often defined as a system of cultural inertia within academia.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"researchers' resistance to change","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Researchers are generally resistant to change, as is human nature, and often defined as a system of 'cultural inertia' within academia.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1373/c630","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/279f878236ca425d","nativeRecordCid":"4224cfd3-b857-4748-b606-8dc957bf8c2a","documentId":"osft-doc-1373","id":"c630","text":"Giving researchers too much choice could be off-putting.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"excessive choice for researchers","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Giving them too much choice, as is common in Open Scholarship practices, could be off-putting, and lead to no change from traditional habits.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1373/c631","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/49d60139c0dd4fe6","nativeRecordCid":"8d1f6b52-2cab-4011-a8ac-93067748f054","documentId":"osft-doc-1373","id":"c631","text":"Giving researchers too much choice could lead to no change from traditional habits.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"excessive choice for researchers","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Giving them too much choice, as is common in Open Scholarship practices, could be off-putting, and lead to no change from traditional habits.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1373/c632","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/61bf326ce63e4156","nativeRecordCid":"9a40e195-63dd-4ee8-a1f7-b6208a3395fb","documentId":"osft-doc-1373","id":"c632","text":"People tend to choose things that are most similar to what they already have, or things that are most similar to other choices they have.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"people's choice behavior","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"People tend to choose things that are most similar to what they already have, or things that are most similar to other choices they have (e.g. see Dan Ariely's [TED talk](https://www.ted.com/talks/dan_ariely_asks_are_we_in_control_of_our_own_decisions) on making decisions).","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1373/c633","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/f1dc295891a04ffd","nativeRecordCid":"62b70d42-431e-4681-8546-fddfa4e64f0a","documentId":"osft-doc-1373","id":"c633","text":"People must still be able to do what they are already doing, even if they participate in Open Scholarship.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"","subject":"Open Scholarship participants","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"It is important to make sure that people can still do what they are already doing, even if they participate in Open Scholarship.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1373/c634","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/e0cbebf3529b47c1","nativeRecordCid":"f2eb871d-fdec-412a-b2d1-8c6de4a1c456","documentId":"osft-doc-1373","id":"c634","text":"Inclusivity is a crucial trait of the social movement that is Open Scholarship.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"Open Scholarship movement","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"we see inclusivity as a crucial trait of the social movement that is Open Scholarship.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1373/c635","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/4872c21e7fe84b62","nativeRecordCid":"a74b0e1c-f254-4f4f-b71e-4089d2c03a26","documentId":"osft-doc-1373","id":"c635","text":"Engagement in practices of open science and scholarship can be considered as happening in a spectrum of practices that each person has to negotiate.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"engagement in open science practices","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"an engagement in practices of open science and scholarship can be considered as happening in a spectrum of practices that each of us has to negotiate.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1373/c636","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/e540e26ece4f491f","nativeRecordCid":"43bde80d-52a2-42d9-b7d4-2c51dbaf7ace","documentId":"osft-doc-1373","id":"c636","text":"Future communication efforts must focus on open practices as not being completely new, but simply more efficient and more rewarding versions of current practices.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"future communication efforts","subject":"communication about open practices","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Therefore, future communication efforts must focus on open practices as not being completely new, but simply more efficient and more rewarding versions of current practices.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1373/c637","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/21d28535037746e5","nativeRecordCid":"d84fecc1-2858-4b76-9bbf-a1152abfa310","documentId":"osft-doc-1373","id":"c637","text":"Openness has a long and proud history and tradition in science and education.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"openness in science and education","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Furthermore, it ought to be noted that Openness has a long and proud history and tradition in science and education - a tradition that might be worth reconsidering at our current situation at the beginning of the 21st century","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1373/c638","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/8192910654f64394","nativeRecordCid":"fc68572a-898f-466a-8509-786951f15f8a","documentId":"osft-doc-1373","id":"c638","text":"The tradition of openness may be worth reconsidering in the current situation at the beginning of the 21st century.","kind":"normative","modality":"may","actor":"","subject":"tradition of openness","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"a tradition that might be worth reconsidering at our current situation at the beginning of the 21st century","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1373/c639","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/5abf9e5f93fc4f1e","nativeRecordCid":"2496ef07-8a67-4fcf-a7f5-dc4a7be3782c","documentId":"osft-doc-1373","id":"c639","text":"There is a rapid, global evolution in tools, services and concepts in Open Scholarship.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"Open Scholarship field","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"We are in the midst of a rapid, global evolution in tools, services and concepts in Open Scholarship; however, there has been little strategic co-ordination in the implementation of the various aspects of Open Scholarship.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1373/c640","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/b3ec14aa6e074d3d","nativeRecordCid":"b5187d24-e7a0-4288-9cec-f8af686c13d1","documentId":"osft-doc-1373","id":"c640","text":"There has been little strategic co-ordination in the implementation of the various aspects of Open Scholarship.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"Open Scholarship coordination","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"We are in the midst of a rapid, global evolution in tools, services and concepts in Open Scholarship; however, there has been little strategic co-ordination in the implementation of the various aspects of Open Scholarship.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1373/c641","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/9be1ee5da55049fa","nativeRecordCid":"a13a49af-8849-4d59-88e3-49e97e070302","documentId":"osft-doc-1373","id":"c641","text":"The existing research system has perverse incentives.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"existing research system","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Simply channelling more time, effort, and funds into maintaining the existing system, with perverse incentives and skewed power dynamics, is clearly no longer sustainable for global research.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1373/c642","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/3c1b9bd505d345b8","nativeRecordCid":"95ccd847-b4b8-4e7a-9358-bb58b60145f1","documentId":"osft-doc-1373","id":"c642","text":"The existing research system has skewed power dynamics.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"existing research system","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Simply channelling more time, effort, and funds into maintaining the existing system, with perverse incentives and skewed power dynamics, is clearly no longer sustainable for global research.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1373/c643","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/090ef234032544b9","nativeRecordCid":"7d7ffae3-2500-4dcf-b39b-164ff40a6e51","documentId":"osft-doc-1373","id":"c643","text":"Simply channelling more time, effort, and funds into maintaining the existing research system is no longer sustainable for global research.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"maintaining the existing research system","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Simply channelling more time, effort, and funds into maintaining the existing system, with perverse incentives and skewed power dynamics, is clearly no longer sustainable for global research.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1373/c644","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/35b43e5829b2441e","nativeRecordCid":"d514ee69-61ff-40d4-bb71-e1c2810ab6bb","documentId":"osft-doc-1373","id":"c644","text":"Co-ordinated implementation of this strategy is necessary to avoid falling back to solutions that would stifle the further development of open research practices on a global level.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"","subject":"coordinated strategy implementation","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"We believe that co-ordinated implementation of this strategy will be necessary to ensure that we do not to fall back to solutions that would could stifle the further development of open research practices on a global level.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1373/c645","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/d5f89896c85547bf","nativeRecordCid":"c4126a54-110d-450b-a04c-0500a20ef567","documentId":"osft-doc-1373","id":"c645","text":"Academia must ensure free access to research output in all its forms.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"academia","subject":"access to research output","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"academia needs centre its scholarly practices on fundamental open principles, most importantly free access to, but also the possibility to freely participate in and re-use research output in all its forms.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1373/c646","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/1bc17862fa264b94","nativeRecordCid":"047250da-4da1-432d-8c17-40456e1aab6a","documentId":"osft-doc-1373","id":"c646","text":"Academia must ensure the possibility to freely participate in research output in all its forms.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"academia","subject":"participation in research output","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"academia needs centre its scholarly practices on fundamental open principles, most importantly free access to, but also the possibility to freely participate in and re-use research output in all its forms.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1373/c647","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/6986169ce1044ab1","nativeRecordCid":"50cb4550-6518-4500-980f-828c457ba86c","documentId":"osft-doc-1373","id":"c647","text":"Academia must ensure the possibility to freely re-use research output in all its forms.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"academia","subject":"re-use of research output","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"academia needs centre its scholarly practices on fundamental open principles, most importantly free access to, but also the possibility to freely participate in and re-use research output in all its forms.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1373/c648","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/5d3f6be8fde94de4","nativeRecordCid":"9853b122-5e83-42e3-af57-1c85b2538d9e","documentId":"osft-doc-1373","id":"c648","text":"Free access to research output is essential to any future of Open Scholarship.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"","subject":"free access to research output","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"We see these freedoms as essential to any future of Open Scholarship.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1373/c649","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/0fd630e066b34767","nativeRecordCid":"6d75ded2-9295-48a4-b5de-5b84b000bba4","documentId":"osft-doc-1373","id":"c649","text":"The possibility to freely participate in research output is essential to any future of Open Scholarship.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"","subject":"participation in research output","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"We see these freedoms as essential to any future of Open Scholarship.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1373/c650","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/5ca19263f1364ca9","nativeRecordCid":"3ff391c6-a75b-4431-9b10-09b0a2a3a16e","documentId":"osft-doc-1373","id":"c650","text":"The possibility to freely re-use research output is essential to any future of Open Scholarship.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"","subject":"re-use of research output","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"We see these freedoms as essential to any future of Open Scholarship.","representedInStars":true}
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{"key":"osft-doc-1398/c8","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/75c566bb12d34dfd","nativeRecordCid":"f0e9a7f1-48fb-4a8c-8b8b-ef5eef7a7455","documentId":"osft-doc-1398","id":"c8","text":"Mass migration becomes far more probable as the global ecosystem destabilizes.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"mass migration","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Mass migration, geopolitical insecurity, armed conflict, and new pandemics all become far more probable in\nsuch a world.","representedInStars":true}
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{"key":"osft-doc-1398/c14","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/3fffc6c3cf5a4095","nativeRecordCid":"66cf875f-3005-4b20-a4b2-421ce9651496","documentId":"osft-doc-1398","id":"c14","text":"The investment required to restructure and rebuild cities, mines, farms, industries, and transport systems to create a zero-carbon emission world is prohibitive for many nations.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"investment required for zero-carbon transition","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The investment required for restructuring, and rebuilding our cities, mines, farms, industries, and transport systems to create a\nzero-carbon emission world is prohibitive for many nations.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1398/c15","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/c2081f11695a4322","nativeRecordCid":"5ba4e7a1-6844-4052-bbfc-51ccf3dfe9a0","documentId":"osft-doc-1398","id":"c15","text":"Progress toward a zero-carbon world can be accelerated if universities, funding agencies, and governments work together to put forward policy and legislation providing unrestricted access to all publicly funded scientific research.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"progress toward a zero-carbon world","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Yet, progress can be accelerated if universities, funding agencies and\ngovernments work together to put forward policy and legislation that accelerates and lowers the cost of deploying solutions at\nscale by providing unrestricted access to all publicly funded scientific research.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1398/c16","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/e192f1c78fea4b6e","nativeRecordCid":"7a048e8e-c040-41bd-8e34-5884a31f99b6","documentId":"osft-doc-1398","id":"c16","text":"The return on investment from scientific research and education is amplified when it is openly accessible.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"return on investment from research and education","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The return on investment originating from scientific research and education is amplified when it is openly accessible.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1398/c17","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/6a845c76ee1845a5","nativeRecordCid":"f88f0180-823a-4aef-bd42-5c3a419ac35e","documentId":"osft-doc-1398","id":"c17","text":"Most new knowledge remains locked behind paywalls.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"new knowledge locked behind paywalls","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Most (61%) of this new knowledge remains locked behind paywalls, slowing down societal progress, holding back industries and\nentrepreneurs, delaying access of knowledge to practitioners, and losing the public’s trust in science!","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1398/c18","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/12be1aefcbf84d70","nativeRecordCid":"524fb3d9-3be0-405e-b9d0-a18a5dba3d5a","documentId":"osft-doc-1398","id":"c18","text":"Knowledge locked behind paywalls slows down societal progress.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"knowledge locked behind paywalls","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Most (61%) of this new knowledge remains locked behind paywalls, slowing down societal progress, holding back industries and\nentrepreneurs, delaying access of knowledge to practitioners, and losing the public’s trust in science!","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1398/c19","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/f7dcede7ac9c4263","nativeRecordCid":"1fc7a755-bef4-4133-8047-4b53abb4ee02","documentId":"osft-doc-1398","id":"c19","text":"Knowledge locked behind paywalls holds back industries and entrepreneurs.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"knowledge locked behind paywalls","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Most (61%) of this new knowledge remains locked behind paywalls, slowing down societal progress, holding back industries and\nentrepreneurs, delaying access of knowledge to practitioners, and losing the public’s trust in science!","representedInStars":true}
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{"key":"osft-doc-1398/c21","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/17e9046bd7ed43ee","nativeRecordCid":"9ba961cd-cc19-4ddd-9c86-0257cb44915e","documentId":"osft-doc-1398","id":"c21","text":"Knowledge locked behind paywalls diminishes the public's trust in science.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"knowledge locked behind paywalls","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Most (61%) of this new knowledge remains locked behind paywalls, slowing down societal progress, holding back industries and\nentrepreneurs, delaying access of knowledge to practitioners, and losing the public’s trust in science!","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1398/c22","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/f9282bbcb8134586","nativeRecordCid":"87c04574-b3a8-4fb1-9525-4418b7f7a7f0","documentId":"osft-doc-1398","id":"c22","text":"Liberating locked knowledge will accelerate innovation across all sectors globally.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"liberating locked knowledge","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Liberating this knowledge\nwill accelerate innovation across all sectors globally and bring timely solutions to all global challenges.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1398/c23","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/be3b8d4fa35e443c","nativeRecordCid":"2043c60d-5f24-4ec2-be19-1269bee172e6","documentId":"osft-doc-1398","id":"c23","text":"Liberating locked knowledge will bring timely solutions to all global challenges.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"liberating locked knowledge","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Liberating this knowledge\nwill accelerate innovation across all sectors globally and bring timely solutions to all global challenges.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1398/c24","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/59542aabfc3b4765","nativeRecordCid":"cbdd83f0-56f0-41de-bfba-96117a83d7ce","documentId":"osft-doc-1398","id":"c24","text":"Open Science empowers the public to participate in choosing from the transformative options that scientific advancements offer society.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"open science and public participation","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Open Science is a powerful catalyst, empowering the public to participate in choosing from the transformative options that\nscientific advancements offer society.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1398/c25","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/6a6ab4da78d843c7","nativeRecordCid":"01f5bfc9-bf86-4bdf-bc9a-7ea21aba0801","documentId":"osft-doc-1398","id":"c25","text":"Open science offers accessible evidence, fostering confidence and building hope regarding society's transformative options such as vaccines, sustainable practices, and renewable energy technologies.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"open science and accessible evidence","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Whether it involves embracing life-saving vaccines, adopting sustainable practices such as\nplant-based diets and circular food production, or embracing renewable energy technologies that redefine our lifestyles,\nopen science offers accessible evidence, fostering confidence and building hope.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1398/c26","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/4d317cbf93de4d68","nativeRecordCid":"63dcd1dc-f08e-400f-907d-8bcb74f24796","documentId":"osft-doc-1398","id":"c26","text":"Open science serves as a shield for quality science.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"open science and quality science","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"By championing transparency and accountability,\nopen science also serves as a shield for quality science and safeguards against misconduct and misdirection in science.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1398/c27","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/23ee334a6cce45dc","nativeRecordCid":"28aedee0-924c-4dc8-87f2-035bdd2e3e76","documentId":"osft-doc-1398","id":"c27","text":"Open science safeguards against misconduct and misdirection in science.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"open science and misconduct","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"By championing transparency and accountability,\nopen science also serves as a shield for quality science and safeguards against misconduct and misdirection in science.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1398/c28","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/ebfddc3baae54019","nativeRecordCid":"222db804-f7ee-43f6-b2bb-18e4aec04bca","documentId":"osft-doc-1398","id":"c28","text":"Open Science includes making peer reviewed scholarly articles immediately accessible for free.","kind":"definitional","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"Open Science","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Open Science includes, but is not limited to, making peer reviewed scholarly articles immediately accessible for free,\nproviding appropriate access to research data as well as sharing the methodology and programming code used to conduct the research.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1398/c29","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/f8bece5dca7743b6","nativeRecordCid":"401386ac-315e-4e96-9608-9eceb3cff99a","documentId":"osft-doc-1398","id":"c29","text":"Open Science includes providing appropriate access to research data.","kind":"definitional","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"Open Science","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Open Science includes, but is not limited to, making peer reviewed scholarly articles immediately accessible for free,\nproviding appropriate access to research data as well as sharing the methodology and programming code used to conduct the research.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1398/c30","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/19f5f810d0e84adf","nativeRecordCid":"1eecc96d-68f0-408a-9cad-d750ef9d0080","documentId":"osft-doc-1398","id":"c30","text":"Open Science includes sharing the methodology and programming code used to conduct the research.","kind":"definitional","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"Open Science","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Open Science includes, but is not limited to, making peer reviewed scholarly articles immediately accessible for free,\nproviding appropriate access to research data as well as sharing the methodology and programming code used to conduct the research.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1398/c31","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/49eb3cb6fb204afe","nativeRecordCid":"0c424d1b-dcb7-4c5f-9ddf-8b17a8a86256","documentId":"osft-doc-1398","id":"c31","text":"Exposing the scientific method to society has become more important than ever before.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"exposing the scientific method to society","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Exposing the scientific method to society has become more important than ever before.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1398/c32","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/e8498fc3d3c14549","nativeRecordCid":"393f4817-5ac6-4b86-908f-e789a119e6ac","documentId":"osft-doc-1398","id":"c32","text":"Article 27 of the Universal Declaration of Human Rights gives every human the right to share in scientific advancement and its benefits.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"Article 27 of the Universal Declaration of Human Rights","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Article 27 of the Universal Declaration of Human Rights gives every human the right to “…share in scientific advancement and\nits benefits”.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1398/c33","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/a3a5a427e0f14916","nativeRecordCid":"75def1d5-3ada-4916-8385-0b6927942f7f","documentId":"osft-doc-1398","id":"c33","text":"Open Science helps make the human right to share in scientific advancement and its benefits a reality.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"open science and the human right","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Open Science helps make this Human Right finally a reality.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1398/c34","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/48c93bc01c9b42b3","nativeRecordCid":"1c8538d7-c7a5-4f41-8090-5509576e4659","documentId":"osft-doc-1398","id":"c34","text":"Failing to act will push the global ecosystem into a new, perilous, and irreversible equilibrium.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"failure to act on climate","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"If we fail, we will push the global ecosystem into a new, perilous and irreversible equilibrium.","representedInStars":false}
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{"key":"osft-doc-1398/c48","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/527516b54d364ece","nativeRecordCid":"80367604-48ec-483a-a6ea-cd0953b344af","documentId":"osft-doc-1398","id":"c48","text":"The shift to open science significantly reduces publishing costs by introducing transparency.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"shift to open science and publishing costs","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"But the shift to open science significantly reduces publishing costs by introducing\ntransparency and increases its value and equity by making access universal.","representedInStars":true}
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{"key":"osft-doc-1398/c65","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/0076c3881d5d4cd0","nativeRecordCid":"afd1d5fd-c9da-49f3-abc2-bb1f4b6a18e5","documentId":"osft-doc-1398","id":"c65","text":"In a future without boundaries to scientific knowledge, society is empowered to make informed decisions.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"society and informed decisions","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"By embracing Open Science, we can unlock a future without boundaries to scientific knowledge, where society is empowered to make informed decisions along the way, and where the power of collaboration across millions of scientists around the globe can propel us toward innovative solutions and a healthy society on a sustainable planet.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1398/c66","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/d8cd52c958354b83","nativeRecordCid":"fa0287d7-340b-4ff8-bd54-dbff5bb297f0","documentId":"osft-doc-1398","id":"c66","text":"The power of collaboration across millions of scientists around the globe can propel society toward innovative solutions.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"collaboration across scientists and innovation","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"By embracing Open Science, we can unlock a future without boundaries to scientific knowledge, where society is empowered to make informed decisions along the way, and where the power of collaboration across millions of scientists around the globe can propel us toward innovative solutions and a healthy society on a sustainable planet.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1398/c67","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/0aa8a678fa6448a1","nativeRecordCid":"e57ded80-d544-4860-81c5-69d1a7c196db","documentId":"osft-doc-1398","id":"c67","text":"The power of collaboration across millions of scientists around the globe can propel society toward a healthy society on a sustainable planet.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"collaboration across scientists and sustainability","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"By embracing Open Science, we can unlock a future without boundaries to scientific knowledge, where society is empowered to make informed decisions along the way, and where the power of collaboration across millions of scientists around the globe can propel us toward innovative solutions and a healthy society on a sustainable planet.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1399/c1","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/79ec84ec05384ff3","nativeRecordCid":"b0682e24-3957-47d6-a2a8-fc95fcfc0bc1","documentId":"osft-doc-1399","id":"c1","text":"Open Science's scientific inputs, outputs, and processes include peer-reviewed articles.","kind":"definitional","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"Open Science inputs, outputs, processes","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The\nRoadmap\ndefines Open Science as “[t]he practice of making scientific inputs, outputs and processes freely available with minimal restrictions,” including peer-reviewed articles, research data, and public-facing communications (11), and notes that federal research should be “Open by Design and by Default” (7).","representedInStars":true}
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{"key":"osft-doc-1399/c30","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/269938b013494ce9","nativeRecordCid":"cb50fb5f-5e65-49db-9f9d-aa34431f002a","documentId":"osft-doc-1399","id":"c30","text":"The Roadmap for Open Science is well aligned with INKE's mandate of researching and supporting open social scholarship.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"the Roadmap for Open Science","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"In its emphasis on making Canadian scientific research “Open by Design and by Default,” the\nRoadmap for Open Science\nis well aligned with INKE’s mandate of researching and supporting open social scholarship. It is also aligned with many of our partners’ and members’ open access mandates.","representedInStars":true}
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{"key":"osft-doc-1412/c3","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/196b6597eb524e53","nativeRecordCid":"d985756b-a80b-4afa-9703-2419e4dfb940","documentId":"osft-doc-1412","id":"c3","text":"Archaeological data are often not available for a variety of reasons, including a perceived lack of credit for making data available.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"archaeological data availability","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Yet archaeological data are often not available for a variety of reasons, including a perceived lack of credit for making data available.","representedInStars":false}
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{"key":"osft-doc-1412/c5","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/ec76581b531c4459","nativeRecordCid":"8c2bd5ef-a7e5-4210-ba7d-ddd6e43343a6","documentId":"osft-doc-1412","id":"c5","text":"A standard for data citation accords authors or compilers visibility and recognition for their scholarly contribution in a way that is valued broadly in the discipline.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"a standard for data citation","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"A standard for data citation is important because it gives credit to the authors or compilers of the data and so accords them visibility and recognition for their scholarly contribution in a way that is valued broadly in the discipline.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1412/c6","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/d8b6c45641f94e51","nativeRecordCid":"31cd8575-ab1d-4338-b0c6-10ce309ac3a6","documentId":"osft-doc-1412","id":"c6","text":"A citation standard is important for tracking the use of data.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"a citation standard","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"A citation standard is also important for tracking the use of data and generating metrics about the impact of a dataset on the discipline.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1412/c7","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/af78b17a79764579","nativeRecordCid":"3fc60674-66d9-4e11-a09d-d946a84a8217","documentId":"osft-doc-1412","id":"c7","text":"A citation standard is important for generating metrics about the impact of a dataset on the discipline.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"a citation standard","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"A citation standard is also important for tracking the use of data and generating metrics about the impact of a dataset on the discipline.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1412/c8","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/99f08043a4034589","nativeRecordCid":"60cc1670-f4ed-4f40-8418-f76d40f299ce","documentId":"osft-doc-1412","id":"c8","text":"Understanding the use of resources such as datasets is important for allocating resources within archaeology.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"understanding use of data resources","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Understanding the use of resources such as datasets is important for allocating resources within archaeology and identifying novel research directions.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1412/c9","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/4511356be23e47c6","nativeRecordCid":"b1bff160-acc4-435c-b846-b68ecc043eb7","documentId":"osft-doc-1412","id":"c9","text":"Understanding the use of resources such as datasets is important for identifying novel research directions.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"understanding use of data resources","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Understanding the use of resources such as datasets is important for allocating resources within archaeology and identifying novel research directions.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1412/c10","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/00d3336b39b84c11","nativeRecordCid":"613c027a-23c5-4e16-8cb6-567071257b0d","documentId":"osft-doc-1412","id":"c10","text":"Archaeologists work with data in research, commercial, government, and other contexts.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"archaeologists","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Archaeologists work with data in research, commercial, government, and other contexts.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1412/c11","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/15b8d51b42ab407f","nativeRecordCid":"79ae265f-5a53-4a1f-b7d2-751aec778c52","documentId":"osft-doc-1412","id":"c11","text":"Defining what data are is an ongoing research problem for information scientists.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"defining data","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Defining what data are is an ongoing research problem for information scientists","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1412/c12","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/782188fec3e242e4","nativeRecordCid":"1708fc2a-70fd-4a6c-83dd-ee71c187c6d1","documentId":"osft-doc-1412","id":"c12","text":"The National Academies of Sciences' definition of data emphasizes data as digital manifestations suitable for transmission, storage, and retrieval using the internet.","kind":"definitional","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"the National Academies' definition of data","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"This is a useful definition because it emphasizes data as digital manifestations and so suitable for transmission, storage, and retrieval using the internet.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1412/c13","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/e2c6134b0ac44f1c","nativeRecordCid":"08423a7a-804a-47be-bc6b-f9af88608fdc","documentId":"osft-doc-1412","id":"c13","text":"Physical objects, such as samples, collections, and hard copies of notes, are data.","kind":"definitional","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"physical objects as data","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Physical objects (such as samples, collections, hard copies of notes, etc.) are data also, but they are out of the scope of this discussion because of the different challenges and requirements for access, archiving, and so on.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1412/c14","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/6147908cf8b74cd4","nativeRecordCid":"3cd9412e-8274-4308-89e6-b43f17329866","documentId":"osft-doc-1412","id":"c14","text":"Data are whatever the community decides.","kind":"definitional","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"data","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Ultimately, data are whatever the community decides, as the National Science Foundation notes in its commentary on data management plans","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1412/c15","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/9ca93e4c08a243ad","nativeRecordCid":"500c995b-ad01-4c31-b8fd-d1e90a8dbad3","documentId":"osft-doc-1412","id":"c15","text":"What data are is dependent on who uses it, how, and for what purpose.","kind":"definitional","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"data","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"These definitions in policy are consistent with the relational account of data in philosophy of science scholarship, which holds that what data are is dependent on who uses it, how, and for what purpose","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1412/c16","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/0d602e850a65452d","nativeRecordCid":"4f426169-28ec-48ba-bce0-7dc3893eb54c","documentId":"osft-doc-1412","id":"c16","text":"What count as data are emergent from professional interactions.","kind":"definitional","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"data","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"They tell us that what count as data are emergent from our professional interactions.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1412/c17","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/d4195853de834f1b","nativeRecordCid":"3ad21fcd-5b32-4051-8499-7f9b00a187b1","documentId":"osft-doc-1412","id":"c17","text":"Data are the materials researchers request when doing peer review of manuscripts and grant proposals or when making informal requests for more information by e-mail.","kind":"definitional","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"data","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Data are the materials we request when we do peer review of manuscripts and grant proposals or when we make an informal request for more information by e-mail.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1412/c18","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/df1b81c6bd00403f","nativeRecordCid":"19ffe639-fa0b-4388-bb6b-42b4fdbf7904","documentId":"osft-doc-1412","id":"c18","text":"Data are not exclusively objective archaeometric records but include interpretive and derivative results.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"data","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"They are not exclusively objective archaeometric records but, rather, include interpretive and derivative results.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1412/c19","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/5980d8eeaf294000","nativeRecordCid":"6ef41ec4-61e8-4cf4-9f80-57a1e533964b","documentId":"osft-doc-1412","id":"c19","text":"Data are anything another person needs to understand one's work better.","kind":"definitional","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"data","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"In short, data are anything another person needs to understand our work better.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1412/c20","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/94cafa7d3a094f0a","nativeRecordCid":"a80532a9-5aee-40c9-b6e9-777e6562f5b2","documentId":"osft-doc-1412","id":"c20","text":"The citation standard proposed in this article is inclusive and imposes no constraints on what data can be.","kind":"definitional","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"the citation standard proposed","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Our citation standard is inclusive and imposes no constraints on what data can be, but we propose a few minimal qualities for how data should be organized that will help ground our discussion.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1412/c21","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/ec7392772f58424a","nativeRecordCid":"b05f6449-8c88-40ae-ab10-710f966abab7","documentId":"osft-doc-1412","id":"c21","text":"Discussion on ethics and data sharing generally relates to appropriate attribution in data reuse.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"ethics of data sharing discussion","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Much of the discussion on ethics and data sharing generally relates to appropriate attribution (assigning credit for the data) in data reuse","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1412/c22","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/1f62a34b76424377","nativeRecordCid":"0ecd1874-3c45-4fa9-81ad-993a647c043b","documentId":"osft-doc-1412","id":"c22","text":"Archaeological data, like data from many other sciences, are part of the global human patrimony.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"archaeological data","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The default position for archaeological data, like data from many other sciences, is that they are part of the global human patrimony and should be accessible to other scholars and the public","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1412/c23","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/1bdc104ac937483c","nativeRecordCid":"22810fbb-54a1-4839-9825-f42d725531ff","documentId":"osft-doc-1412","id":"c23","text":"Archaeological data should be accessible to other scholars and the public.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"","subject":"archaeological data","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The default position for archaeological data, like data from many other sciences, is that they are part of the global human patrimony and should be accessible to other scholars and the public","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1412/c24","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/7ccd078208c94828","nativeRecordCid":"ad10a8bb-9cc4-4ba9-b167-6a388800b17d","documentId":"osft-doc-1412","id":"c24","text":"Research data generated by archaeologists working with local and indigenous communities, governments, and international collaborators are intellectual property with many stakeholders.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"research data generated by archaeologists","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"However, archaeologists, like other researchers working with local and indigenous communities, governments, and international collaborators, generate research data that are intellectual property with many stakeholders.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1412/c25","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/e940a92fb16349d5","nativeRecordCid":"c2ef08e7-f13e-4e5e-9a3a-b0cd403d0b0c","documentId":"osft-doc-1412","id":"c25","text":"Archaeological data can become entangled in economics, nationalism, cultural politics, and identity when there are diverse stakeholders.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"archaeological data","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"With diverse stakeholders, archaeological data can become entangled in economics, nationalism, cultural politics, and identity","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1412/c26","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/7b571f683c8b4f29","nativeRecordCid":"67ce83fd-ad9b-4e69-bcab-0be8ed345ef2","documentId":"osft-doc-1412","id":"c26","text":"Western and indigenous conceptions of what data are and how they may be generated, used, shared, and owned may differ.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"Western and indigenous conceptions of data","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"archaeologists may find differences between Western and indigenous conceptions of what data are and how they may be generated, used, shared, and “owned”","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1412/c27","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/f1c3e2d4a65b4c8c","nativeRecordCid":"2f6213d6-5e96-49d8-a977-295e8e3dc5ff","documentId":"osft-doc-1412","id":"c27","text":"Western researchers often have individual autonomy in sharing data.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"Western researchers","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"One of these differences is that Western researchers often have individual autonomy in sharing data, and once data are shared, they are free for all to use.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1412/c28","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/0821c95f5e614b78","nativeRecordCid":"28534702-8793-4b66-b5a7-e5b3a3885610","documentId":"osft-doc-1412","id":"c28","text":"Once Western researchers share data, it is free for all to use.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"shared data (Western researchers)","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"One of these differences is that Western researchers often have individual autonomy in sharing data, and once data are shared, they are free for all to use.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1412/c29","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/b4fb778d951f44a4","nativeRecordCid":"63b0bf57-2e20-4fb1-a6bc-f7f80e3d616a","documentId":"osft-doc-1412","id":"c29","text":"Within many indigenous communities, data are part of the group's identity and property, akin to tangible heritage.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"data in indigenous communities","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"In contrast, within many indigenous communities, data are part of the group's identity and property, akin to tangible heritage","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1412/c30","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/5a84365b04eb4245","nativeRecordCid":"c74dc208-689b-4823-a4e8-28c5683a3d7d","documentId":"osft-doc-1412","id":"c30","text":"Within many indigenous communities, certain members are entrusted to keep data on behalf of the group.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"data stewardship in indigenous communities","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"with certain members entrusted to keep that data on behalf of the group, and sometimes it may be inappropriate for these people to share data with other members of the group or beyond the group","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1412/c31","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/ffeb86f5b6fc406b","nativeRecordCid":"a15a03ae-1759-4f09-b601-a4a82bfea9ae","documentId":"osft-doc-1412","id":"c31","text":"It may sometimes be inappropriate for members entrusted with a group's data to share that data with other members of the group or beyond the group.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"sharing of entrusted indigenous data","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"with certain members entrusted to keep that data on behalf of the group, and sometimes it may be inappropriate for these people to share data with other members of the group or beyond the group","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1412/c32","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/fba685878ad44874","nativeRecordCid":"26cb6152-0612-41f2-8bcd-7d9b66b46987","documentId":"osft-doc-1412","id":"c32","text":"Differences between Western and indigenous concepts of data are not only cultural.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"Western and indigenous concepts of data","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Differences between Western and indigenous concepts of data are not only cultural—substantial inequalities exist in access to resources for converting archaeological data into economic and political benefit (e.g., graduate degrees, employment, publications, grants, promotions).","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1412/c33","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/39867a06dee44c2f","nativeRecordCid":"9a695932-1c1d-4d7e-b56e-a5709f0130dc","documentId":"osft-doc-1412","id":"c33","text":"Substantial inequalities exist in access to resources for converting archaeological data into economic and political benefit.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"access to resources for data benefit","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Differences between Western and indigenous concepts of data are not only cultural—substantial inequalities exist in access to resources for converting archaeological data into economic and political benefit (e.g., graduate degrees, employment, publications, grants, promotions).","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1412/c34","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/b5cc19d15e434f8a","nativeRecordCid":"1d279fda-e74b-449c-b477-7631e075bb9d","documentId":"osft-doc-1412","id":"c34","text":"Making archaeological data openly available benefits indigenous communities by removing some of the financial and technical barriers to accessing that data.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"open archaeological data","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"On one hand, making archaeological data openly available benefits indigenous communities because it removes some of the financial and technical barriers to accessing that data (e.g., subscription fees to journals).","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1412/c35","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/00f590a176bc4b62","nativeRecordCid":"a5651dce-334b-430b-b12c-50e457dc6955","documentId":"osft-doc-1412","id":"c35","text":"Making archaeological data openly available may be little more than a useless courtesy to indigenous communities.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"open archaeological data","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"On the other hand, this may be little more than a useless courtesy","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1412/c36","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/a1db4ff13b204ccc","nativeRecordCid":"a6d183ad-410e-4e0f-bd58-ce93b15ae93b","documentId":"osft-doc-1412","id":"c36","text":"Simply making data openly available does not give indigenous people access to the contexts where data can be used to generate economic and political benefits.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"open data access","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"because simply making data openly available does not give indigenous people access to the contexts where data can be used to generate economic and political benefits.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1412/c37","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/fb6be549d98c4785","nativeRecordCid":"507ac765-627c-4a36-b5ab-fac80a2a6ce1","documentId":"osft-doc-1412","id":"c37","text":"Open data have different values for Western and indigenous communities.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"open data","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Thus, open data have different values for Western and indigenous communities, and if archaeologists want to make a compelling case to their indigenous partners for data sharing, they should also make a commitment to reducing some of the inequalities in making use of the data, for example, by providing some training in data analysis or adapting the data to a context that is valued by the indigenous community.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1412/c38","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/08c505cc66c8409c","nativeRecordCid":"bc8b9aab-872c-430d-82ff-1ca0cfa2389b","documentId":"osft-doc-1412","id":"c38","text":"If archaeologists want to make a compelling case to their indigenous partners for data sharing, they should make a commitment to reducing some of the inequalities in making use of the data, for example by providing training in data analysis or adapting the data to a context valued by the indigenous community.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"archaeologists","subject":"archaeologists' case for data sharing","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Thus, open data have different values for Western and indigenous communities, and if archaeologists want to make a compelling case to their indigenous partners for data sharing, they should also make a commitment to reducing some of the inequalities in making use of the data, for example, by providing some training in data analysis or adapting the data to a context that is valued by the indigenous community.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1412/c39","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/de9620fc6ede4930","nativeRecordCid":"618ca5d7-772d-4264-b6b9-7441a541079e","documentId":"osft-doc-1412","id":"c39","text":"The ethics of data sharing involves more than avoiding risk of damage.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"ethics of data sharing","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"In short, there is more to the ethics of data sharing than avoiding risk of damage.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1412/c40","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/f5cdc0f368d54f6c","nativeRecordCid":"99d65d53-c52c-4c73-a140-3533f0f34a67","documentId":"osft-doc-1412","id":"c40","text":"Redacting the locations of archaeological sites to prevent looting is, in some jurisdictions, mandated by law.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"redacting archaeological site locations","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Redacting the locations of archaeological sites to prevent looting is an obvious case of preparing data for sharing to reduce the risk of damage to the sites (and in some jurisdictions, mandated by law).","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1412/c41","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/b51c2d2ff40446df","nativeRecordCid":"92d5df86-1156-40e7-948d-760b328f04aa","documentId":"osft-doc-1412","id":"c41","text":"Because of cultural, economic, and political differences between Western archaeologists and the communities they work with, archaeologists must not consider their own risk assessment of data sharing to be comprehensive and exhaustive.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"archaeologists","subject":"archaeologists' risk assessment","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"However, because of cultural, economic, and political differences between Western archaeologists and the communities they work with, archaeologists cannot consider their own risk assessment to be comprehensive and exhaustive","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1412/c42","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/8d59ae60c31244b0","nativeRecordCid":"c60fbd63-8d82-445f-803f-e9602daf9696","documentId":"osft-doc-1412","id":"c42","text":"Archaeologists must discuss data sharing plans during negotiations with representatives authorized by the indigenous peoples whose cultural heritage is the subject of investigation.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"archaeologists","subject":"data sharing negotiations","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"It is crucial for archaeologists to discuss data sharing plans during negotiations with representatives authorized by the indigenous peoples whose cultural heritage is the subject of investigation.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1412/c43","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/9ec620482e8d4e87","nativeRecordCid":"9130c79d-ba29-4ddf-b094-e8e08efd38fe","documentId":"osft-doc-1412","id":"c43","text":"Only indigenous peoples themselves can identify potential adverse outcomes to data sharing.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"indigenous peoples","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"This negotiation process is important because only indigenous peoples themselves can identify potential adverse outcomes to data sharing, and they can do this only if they understand the proposed research and anticipated results.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1412/c44","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/fe3a3576a1234882","nativeRecordCid":"c11f8167-b317-4f99-8eff-2aeac17f24a4","documentId":"osft-doc-1412","id":"c44","text":"Indigenous peoples can identify potential adverse outcomes to data sharing only if they understand the proposed research and anticipated results.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"indigenous peoples","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"This negotiation process is important because only indigenous peoples themselves can identify potential adverse outcomes to data sharing, and they can do this only if they understand the proposed research and anticipated results.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1412/c45","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/44546120dbf44910","nativeRecordCid":"2b4c1f37-d117-4761-9d84-ac47892bbeb1","documentId":"osft-doc-1412","id":"c45","text":"The outcome of the negotiation process about data sharing between archaeologists and indigenous communities is often a memorandum of understanding between the indigenous community and the archaeologist's employer.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"negotiation outcome","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The concrete outcome of this process is often a memorandum of understanding between the indigenous community and the archaeologist's employer that documents the outcome of negotiations about data sharing.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1412/c46","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/90630f5539ac45ea","nativeRecordCid":"4c3c9440-4981-47e6-920f-3821974486bb","documentId":"osft-doc-1412","id":"c46","text":"If an archaeologist's indigenous partners have reasons not to share data in public, the archaeologist should respect that position.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"archaeologist","subject":"archaeologist's response to partners' wishes","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"If an archaeologist's indigenous partners have reasons not to share data in public, then the archaeologist should respect that position and note in publication that the data are restricted at the request of the indigenous collaborators.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1412/c47","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/99f305ca07aa4470","nativeRecordCid":"33011bef-1aeb-4799-8781-b4e8b4d2876d","documentId":"osft-doc-1412","id":"c47","text":"If an archaeologist's indigenous partners have reasons not to share data in public, the archaeologist should note in publication that the data are restricted at the request of the indigenous collaborators.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"archaeologist","subject":"archaeologist's publication practice","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"If an archaeologist's indigenous partners have reasons not to share data in public, then the archaeologist should respect that position and note in publication that the data are restricted at the request of the indigenous collaborators.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1412/c48","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/4577596a4c34483b","nativeRecordCid":"a55aee05-cd33-41eb-b514-0ad42d701171","documentId":"osft-doc-1412","id":"c48","text":"Public and community benefits and costs of data sharing are well rehearsed and widely agreed on.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"public and community benefits/costs of data sharing","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"While public and community benefits and costs are well rehearsed and widely agreed on","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1412/c49","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/f267f8c76c28463b","nativeRecordCid":"5396a1f6-bcc6-418f-a9e5-dd63e61af872","documentId":"osft-doc-1412","id":"c49","text":"Public and community benefits and costs of data sharing offer no, or only weak, tangible incentives to the individual researcher.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"individual researcher incentives","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"they offer no, or only weak, tangible incentives to the individual researcher","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1412/c50","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/7afcc31c1349471f","nativeRecordCid":"e38bd1d4-be81-4a27-8dde-590700e1cc27","documentId":"osft-doc-1412","id":"c50","text":"Citation advantages are a tangible benefit to individual researchers who share data with publications.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"citation advantages","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Previous work has identified citation advantages as a tangible benefit to individual researchers who share data with publications, although the magnitude of the advantage varies greatly","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1412/c51","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/4429a8024cc34d5b","nativeRecordCid":"f4aff0bd-7da4-4c86-b601-00a71cd7eabb","documentId":"osft-doc-1412","id":"c51","text":"The magnitude of the citation advantage from data sharing varies greatly.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"citation advantage magnitude","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Previous work has identified citation advantages as a tangible benefit to individual researchers who share data with publications, although the magnitude of the advantage varies greatly","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1412/c52","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/fb756dd2722449a3","nativeRecordCid":"6632cddd-fbba-41bc-be8f-715861a8e3ff","documentId":"osft-doc-1412","id":"c52","text":"Increased publication productivity appears to be associated with data sharing behaviors.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"publication productivity","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Increased publication productivity also appeared to be associated with data sharing behaviors.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1412/c53","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/4af5fef4badc4149","nativeRecordCid":"92975283-bbae-4c4b-ae7b-771d9fa1990d","documentId":"osft-doc-1412","id":"c53","text":"Sharing of data is a quality that is fundamental to the definition of science.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"sharing of data","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Sharing of data is a quality that is fundamental to the definition of science","representedInStars":false}
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{"key":"osft-doc-1412/c55","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/678bb68335da4317","nativeRecordCid":"4436cdf2-a8e7-4a5b-943d-ffc73a749d24","documentId":"osft-doc-1412","id":"c55","text":"Data sharing is not widespread in many disciplines.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"data sharing","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"However, data sharing is not widespread in many disciplines, raising questions about why researchers do or do not share their data.","representedInStars":false}
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{"key":"osft-doc-1412/c58","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/fada1d2c126a4284","nativeRecordCid":"2404b7b6-fda7-4f97-8548-ea449a6c7241","documentId":"osft-doc-1412","id":"c58","text":"Many time-consuming tasks in research get done because clear reward structures are in place.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"time-consuming research tasks","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"however, there are many other time-consuming tasks in research, and they get done because clear reward structures are in place","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1412/c59","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/4f793cb94af6421f","nativeRecordCid":"2e9616d7-05be-4549-95f7-d4b2843b6132","documentId":"osft-doc-1412","id":"c59","text":"Stodden's Reproducible Research Standard is a convenient and robust copyright schema.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"Stodden's Reproducible Research Standard","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"is a convenient and robust copyright schema that is in wide use for many typical research projects.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1412/c60","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/52f3996aee1a41e3","nativeRecordCid":"00eb142f-8688-43d4-9016-54fed02c7bb2","documentId":"osft-doc-1412","id":"c60","text":"Stodden's Reproducible Research Standard is in wide use for many typical research projects.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"Stodden's Reproducible Research Standard","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"is a convenient and robust copyright schema that is in wide use for many typical research projects.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1412/c61","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/b34321d144824b83","nativeRecordCid":"77ef0a41-57c4-4657-9948-1d960a754b2b","documentId":"osft-doc-1412","id":"c61","text":"The Reproducible Research Standard realigns legal rights with scientific norms by freeing scientific work from copying and reuse restrictions, with attribution.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"the Reproducible Research Standard","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"This standard realigns legal rights with scientific norms by freeing scientific work from copying and reuse restrictions, with attribution.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1412/c62","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/2272f8f113d746b2","nativeRecordCid":"8670cbbd-3226-430d-98bf-c9afb929079f","documentId":"osft-doc-1412","id":"c62","text":"The Reproducible Research Standard encourages researchers to release their products with standardized instructions for reuse and attribution.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"the Reproducible Research Standard","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"It encourages researchers to release their products with standardized instructions for reuse and attribution.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1412/c63","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/a761f553ef8a461a","nativeRecordCid":"7350a57a-62bd-4b40-affa-8fcda44b7a18","documentId":"osft-doc-1412","id":"c63","text":"Most data sharing occurs in private directly between individual researchers, rather than in public via open repositories.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"data sharing patterns","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"This suggests that most data sharing occurs in private directly between individual researchers, rather than in public via open repositories.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1412/c64","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/c142525c7aea42b6","nativeRecordCid":"2dcd889a-5072-4f9c-a903-2a2674f8e193","documentId":"osft-doc-1412","id":"c64","text":"Data sharing practices tend to be a private activity.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"data sharing practices","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The surveys above show that data sharing practices tend to be a private activity, but where public sharing does occur, what forms does it take, and how do these vary across different fields of research?","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1412/c65","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/03b7b51603564d27","nativeRecordCid":"ab1ee144-1453-42a6-9afc-8d6c334b2d92","documentId":"osft-doc-1412","id":"c65","text":"Intensive data-sharing fields often depend on access to global databases, such as in human genetics.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"intensive data-sharing fields","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Intensive data-sharing fields often depend on access to global databases, for example, human genetics, while restricted data-sharing fields depend mostly on data collected by the individual researcher or his or her immediate collaborators, such as digital humanities.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1412/c66","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/d3bc7c2fb8d64706","nativeRecordCid":"6fa51807-372c-483f-bb18-dd4ee118e390","documentId":"osft-doc-1412","id":"c66","text":"Restricted data-sharing fields depend mostly on data collected by the individual researcher or their immediate collaborators, such as in digital humanities.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"restricted data-sharing fields","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Intensive data-sharing fields often depend on access to global databases, for example, human genetics, while restricted data-sharing fields depend mostly on data collected by the individual researcher or his or her immediate collaborators, such as digital humanities.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1412/c67","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/1a4d58066f904445","nativeRecordCid":"745610fa-1de4-4f38-9c41-93b1b04075ae","documentId":"osft-doc-1412","id":"c67","text":"In intensive data-sharing fields, data are collectively owned and researchers are willing to share them.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"intensive data-sharing fields","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"These differences in disciplinary norms have implications for data ownership (intensive: collectively owned, willing to share; restrictive: owned by the individual, reluctant to share) and the effort required to share (intensive: low effort because data are prepared for sharing as an integral part of the research process; restrictive: high effort because data are prepared for sharing after the research, or apart from it, in response to a request from another researcher).","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1412/c68","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/925c38f477d4400d","nativeRecordCid":"999b7c80-5ca6-4799-8913-272d4986f46c","documentId":"osft-doc-1412","id":"c68","text":"In restricted data-sharing fields, data are owned by the individual researcher, who is reluctant to share them.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"restricted data-sharing fields","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"These differences in disciplinary norms have implications for data ownership (intensive: collectively owned, willing to share; restrictive: owned by the individual, reluctant to share) and the effort required to share (intensive: low effort because data are prepared for sharing as an integral part of the research process; restrictive: high effort because data are prepared for sharing after the research, or apart from it, in response to a request from another researcher).","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1412/c69","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/b97cf436f8c243e7","nativeRecordCid":"5f5e4dc3-0968-47bd-b113-301cd158dc7a","documentId":"osft-doc-1412","id":"c69","text":"In intensive data-sharing fields, the effort required to share data is low because data are prepared for sharing as an integral part of the research process.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"intensive data-sharing fields","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"These differences in disciplinary norms have implications for data ownership (intensive: collectively owned, willing to share; restrictive: owned by the individual, reluctant to share) and the effort required to share (intensive: low effort because data are prepared for sharing as an integral part of the research process; restrictive: high effort because data are prepared for sharing after the research, or apart from it, in response to a request from another researcher).","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1412/c70","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/223dd501351d4d4c","nativeRecordCid":"1f561da7-7f92-407d-941e-972a07e391d0","documentId":"osft-doc-1412","id":"c70","text":"In restricted data-sharing fields, the effort required to share data is high because data are prepared for sharing after the research, or apart from it, in response to a request from another researcher.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"restricted data-sharing fields","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"These differences in disciplinary norms have implications for data ownership (intensive: collectively owned, willing to share; restrictive: owned by the individual, reluctant to share) and the effort required to share (intensive: low effort because data are prepared for sharing as an integral part of the research process; restrictive: high effort because data are prepared for sharing after the research, or apart from it, in response to a request from another researcher).","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1412/c71","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/28f53a38ca884f53","nativeRecordCid":"beb3f8aa-9481-476c-835a-1752103425b0","documentId":"osft-doc-1412","id":"c71","text":"In data-rich fields, pooling and sharing data resources is expected.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"data-rich fields","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Data-rich fields, such as astronomy, oceanography, and ecology, have three common characteristics: Pooling and sharing data resources is expected; the cumulative nature of work that builds on common data and common methods reduces the likelihood of alternative data sources and other methods being widespread; and the number of theoretical choices is limited because there is enough data to adequately test competing theories.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1412/c72","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/4d1bb91f3253479f","nativeRecordCid":"1785a0c2-6037-44d9-a502-b6ea56e666ce","documentId":"osft-doc-1412","id":"c72","text":"In data-rich fields, the cumulative nature of work that builds on common data and common methods reduces the likelihood of alternative data sources and other methods being widespread.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"data-rich fields","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Data-rich fields, such as astronomy, oceanography, and ecology, have three common characteristics: Pooling and sharing data resources is expected; the cumulative nature of work that builds on common data and common methods reduces the likelihood of alternative data sources and other methods being widespread; and the number of theoretical choices is limited because there is enough data to adequately test competing theories.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1412/c73","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/1e60a8d075c84307","nativeRecordCid":"25e58088-55f6-4103-a199-9f3fc0ed9822","documentId":"osft-doc-1412","id":"c73","text":"In data-rich fields, the number of theoretical choices is limited because there is enough data to adequately test competing theories.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"data-rich fields","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Data-rich fields, such as astronomy, oceanography, and ecology, have three common characteristics: Pooling and sharing data resources is expected; the cumulative nature of work that builds on common data and common methods reduces the likelihood of alternative data sources and other methods being widespread; and the number of theoretical choices is limited because there is enough data to adequately test competing theories.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1412/c74","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/fea2c7c2ec974369","nativeRecordCid":"82af85a4-ac72-4e3a-be5f-2f61eff31b77","documentId":"osft-doc-1412","id":"c74","text":"In data-poor fields, data are rare, hard to get, or both.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"data-poor fields","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Data-poor fields have three common characteristics: Data are rare, or hard to get, or both; the types of data available often dictate the methods used; and theories are relatively easy to generate and more difficult to validate.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1412/c75","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/c155f59d5ddc445a","nativeRecordCid":"5c3044cf-34e3-48aa-b56e-fd476810cc55","documentId":"osft-doc-1412","id":"c75","text":"In data-poor fields, the types of data available often dictate the methods used.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"data-poor fields","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Data-poor fields have three common characteristics: Data are rare, or hard to get, or both; the types of data available often dictate the methods used; and theories are relatively easy to generate and more difficult to validate.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1412/c76","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/5fa1682a18b34af3","nativeRecordCid":"0c5d6981-5ea4-47a6-822b-43949b2c1ffc","documentId":"osft-doc-1412","id":"c76","text":"In data-poor fields, theories are relatively easy to generate and more difficult to validate.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"data-poor fields","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Data-poor fields have three common characteristics: Data are rare, or hard to get, or both; the types of data available often dictate the methods used; and theories are relatively easy to generate and more difficult to validate.","representedInStars":false}
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{"key":"osft-doc-1412/c78","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/aa4a99d078bd4391","nativeRecordCid":"6348a1df-8b0b-4806-98f9-5f72dbdf85cd","documentId":"osft-doc-1412","id":"c78","text":"In data-poor fields, the accumulation and quality of the data collected is often a key determinant of a researcher's status.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"data-poor fields","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The accumulation of data, and the quality of the data collected, is often a key determinant of the status of a researcher, leading to hoarding of data as an asset to be traded for professional benefit.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1412/c79","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/a45d90b1bc134667","nativeRecordCid":"89acd2d9-2d5e-4519-ad96-3a8f91f5c1a3","documentId":"osft-doc-1412","id":"c79","text":"In data-poor fields, this often leads researchers to hoard data as an asset to be traded for professional benefit.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"data-poor fields","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The accumulation of data, and the quality of the data collected, is often a key determinant of the status of a researcher, leading to hoarding of data as an asset to be traded for professional benefit.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1412/c80","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/09159d05711f4509","nativeRecordCid":"91746e07-5259-4069-bc8a-da9e01a05470","documentId":"osft-doc-1412","id":"c80","text":"Archaeologists can be found all over the intensive-restricted data-sharing spectrum because of the diversity of archaeological research.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"archaeological research","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Archaeologists can be found all over this spectrum because of the diversity of archaeological research.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1412/c81","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/12b32bb64d4142cb","nativeRecordCid":"0d6defdf-98ed-4f26-9c91-bb1ab1b95a81","documentId":"osft-doc-1412","id":"c81","text":"Archaeological research is, for the most part, currently a restricted data-sharing and data-poor field.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"archaeological research","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"However, our observations of data sharing in archaeology, and the nature of archaeological research generally, indicate that it is, for the most part, currently a restricted data-sharing and data-poor field.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1412/c82","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/2adbe1a0ab3542bc","nativeRecordCid":"4a573aec-5f3a-472a-be3a-3d793d79a1d0","documentId":"osft-doc-1412","id":"c82","text":"There are few standardized and widely used methods for sharing and citing archaeological data.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"archaeological data sharing methods","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"There are few standardized and widely used methods for sharing and citing data, a challenge for archaeological data sharing that we hope this article will help to address.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1412/c83","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/1426fd4fb9f34c45","nativeRecordCid":"833b6e4f-9b94-46d4-800c-ef4ea3ea9e09","documentId":"osft-doc-1412","id":"c83","text":"Overall rates of data sharing by individual researchers are very low in many fields.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"data sharing rates","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Even though there is a wide spectrum of data sharing behaviors, overall rates of data sharing by individual researchers are very low in many fields.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1412/c84","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/171b9c98fd76435d","nativeRecordCid":"eadfd8f9-2383-4fdb-a6b7-f3bb434f03b9","documentId":"osft-doc-1412","id":"c84","text":"The APA's Ethical Principles require that authors not withhold the data on which their conclusions are based from other competent professionals who seek to verify the substantive claims.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"APA Ethical Principles","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"despite all the authors of the articles in their study being bound by the APA's Ethical Principles, which stated that authors must “not withhold the data on which their conclusions are based from other competent professionals who seek to verify the substantive claims” (APA","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1412/c85","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/60c6fb3138e54909","nativeRecordCid":"ce34d8af-73f6-4599-85a0-b9dc0559823d","documentId":"osft-doc-1412","id":"c85","text":"PLOS journals require authors to make all data underlying the findings described in their manuscript fully available without restriction, with rare exceptions.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"PLOS journals' data policy","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"PLOS journals require authors to make all data underlying the findings described in their manuscript fully available without restriction, with rare exception” (","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1412/c86","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/8d3faaecf9d1446e","nativeRecordCid":"c72a4bce-2124-4da7-8a5a-1ecd55ad8fba","documentId":"osft-doc-1412","id":"c86","text":"There is an absence of a standardized and sustainable approach to data sharing.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"data sharing approaches","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The absence of a standardized and sustainable approach to data sharing is starkly demonstrated by Vines and colleagues","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1412/c87","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/63ed01f249234557","nativeRecordCid":"5632ea51-ced4-40c9-bfb7-2f76cf4dbbfa","documentId":"osft-doc-1412","id":"c87","text":"In stone artifact experiments, the researcher has complete control over the data because all research materials are generated by the researcher.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"stone artifact experiment data","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"We focused on stone artifact experiments because all research materials in these projects are generated by the researcher, so there are no other stakeholders to consider when determining how to share the data: the researcher has complete control over the data.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1412/c88","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/d0525c12129b47b1","nativeRecordCid":"161875ba-1b3f-490e-9ad4-7835a0ecdde9","documentId":"osft-doc-1412","id":"c88","text":"There are no risks of damage to people or property in sharing stone artifact experiment data because they do not include archaeological sites or human subjects.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"stone artifact experiment data","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"There are also no risks of damage to people or property in sharing these data because they do not include archaeological sites or human subjects.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1412/c89","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/13e1a8b6504848d0","nativeRecordCid":"25e78bfa-c19d-4e65-8ef8-dcb2d22ad8dd","documentId":"osft-doc-1412","id":"c89","text":"Unfulfilled promises to share data are not unique to PLOS ONE.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"unfulfilled data-sharing promises","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Unfulfilled promises to share data are not unique to\nPLOS ONE\n(Kidwell et al.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1412/c90","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/8375e443998b4342","nativeRecordCid":"d9970422-2894-467e-a014-8ad51724dc0b","documentId":"osft-doc-1412","id":"c90","text":"Ambiguity among authors about what counts as data needs to be resolved.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"","subject":"definition of data among authors","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"but these studies highlight the need to resolve ambiguity among authors about what count as data and for editors and peer reviewers to more critically assess whether authors have made their data openly available.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1412/c91","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/77a9eaa868f44be4","nativeRecordCid":"8b32539f-57ac-4e1a-be4c-4015f85ceef0","documentId":"osft-doc-1412","id":"c91","text":"Editors and peer reviewers should more critically assess whether authors have made their data openly available.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"editors and peer reviewers","subject":"assessment of data availability","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"but these studies highlight the need to resolve ambiguity among authors about what count as data and for editors and peer reviewers to more critically assess whether authors have made their data openly available.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1412/c92","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/2ca0bb5f70d548f4","nativeRecordCid":"cc6f51d6-aae4-4f0f-b018-af586ab3c66c","documentId":"osft-doc-1412","id":"c92","text":"Archaeologists may be unable or unwilling to share datasets that contain sensitive location or cultural information.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"archaeological data sharing","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"However, our results may overestimate the true rate because our sample did not include datasets that authors might not be able or willing to share because they contain sensitive location or cultural information.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1412/c93","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/1d11b262c6114140","nativeRecordCid":"c02f7534-ea72-4b1a-9c48-6ac54559e3c7","documentId":"osft-doc-1412","id":"c93","text":"Archaeologists are reluctant to share data because they fear losing the opportunity to produce further publications from those data.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"archaeologists' reluctance to share data","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Analysis of the qualitative responses we received suggests two key reasons why authors are reluctant to share: they are fearful that they will lose the opportunity to produce further publications from those data (a typical concern of researchers in data-poor fields) and that their data are not in a form suitable for sharing and the task of organizing those data is not a high priority.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1412/c94","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/1e8954960e6e4dd6","nativeRecordCid":"5ff18d86-f6ee-48f9-b9ff-23092fe914c7","documentId":"osft-doc-1412","id":"c94","text":"Archaeologists are reluctant to share data because their data are not in a form suitable for sharing.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"archaeologists' reluctance to share data","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Analysis of the qualitative responses we received suggests two key reasons why authors are reluctant to share: they are fearful that they will lose the opportunity to produce further publications from those data (a typical concern of researchers in data-poor fields) and that their data are not in a form suitable for sharing and the task of organizing those data is not a high priority.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1412/c95","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/0c73b4f130e54c4d","nativeRecordCid":"35014701-95a5-4d8c-be12-602692ea7240","documentId":"osft-doc-1412","id":"c95","text":"Archaeologists are reluctant to share data because organizing their data is not a high priority.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"archaeologists' reluctance to share data","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Analysis of the qualitative responses we received suggests two key reasons why authors are reluctant to share: they are fearful that they will lose the opportunity to produce further publications from those data (a typical concern of researchers in data-poor fields) and that their data are not in a form suitable for sharing and the task of organizing those data is not a high priority.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1412/c96","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/e77ef20e146e438c","nativeRecordCid":"b54ece45-1757-4b60-8383-11828d004a67","documentId":"osft-doc-1412","id":"c96","text":"DNA data are typically stored in repositories.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"DNA data","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Generally, compositional data are presented in tables in the text, dating data are presented in supplementary files, and DNA data are in repositories (as is typical for DNA data;","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1412/c97","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/bfc1ebf042704478","nativeRecordCid":"7e2186b8-0504-4e59-aa38-886b3364264d","documentId":"osft-doc-1412","id":"c97","text":"The Journal of Archaeological Science has had a data disclosure policy since at least 2013 requiring that all data relating to an article be made available in supplementary files or deposited in external repositories and linked to within the article.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"Journal of Archaeological Science data policy","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The\nJournal of Archaeological Science\nhas had a “data disclosure” policy since at least 2013 that states that “all data relating to the article must be made available in Supplementary files or deposited in external repositories and linked to within the article” (","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1412/c98","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/569023333c354299","nativeRecordCid":"9f1d7093-132b-48cf-a631-0db03d0c8885","documentId":"osft-doc-1412","id":"c98","text":"Authors preferentially share archaeological data types that require the least effort to prepare, such as data generated by instruments rather than entered by hand.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"archaeological data sharing behavior","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The prominence of compositional and dating data among the shared data types suggests a least effort strategy, with authors sharing data that do not require extensive cleaning and tidying (because the data are generated by instruments rather than entered by hand, such as artifact attribute data).","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1412/c99","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/e5b3e403913e4cc7","nativeRecordCid":"e8e1381f-dcf9-45cc-958e-c19e25776701","documentId":"osft-doc-1412","id":"c99","text":"Archaeologists do not appear to recognize code for data analysis as a primary research object to share with the research community.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"archaeologists and code sharing","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"archaeologists do not appear to recognize code for data analysis as a primary research object to share with the research community.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1412/c100","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/d8166e0791d44fa1","nativeRecordCid":"04ee7264-81b1-4dd0-9ef4-2f0774fadaf0","documentId":"osft-doc-1412","id":"c100","text":"Code written by the researcher for even the simplest operations should be shared along with data because code communicates decisions made about the data analysis that can help others understand, analyze, and reuse the data.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"researchers","subject":"sharing of analysis code","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Code written by the researcher for even the simplest operations should be shared along with data because code communicates decisions made about the data analysis that can help others understand, analyze, and reuse the data.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1412/c101","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/30993f65453647dd","nativeRecordCid":"b101af28-dd0a-4544-9217-da0f9239b702","documentId":"osft-doc-1412","id":"c101","text":"DataCite is the primary organization that provides persistent identifiers, or DOIs, for research data.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"DataCite","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"DataCite is the primary (but not the only) organization that provides persistent identifiers, or DOIs, for research data.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1412/c102","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/84b9fb1f3bb74b91","nativeRecordCid":"6843d9be-97a0-4680-b4bf-d4d7d7f8e985","documentId":"osft-doc-1412","id":"c102","text":"DataCite is an international organization.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"DataCite","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Although DataCite is an international organization, our results are highly concentrated in just a few locations in Europe.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1412/c103","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/62e34c7450eb4151","nativeRecordCid":"b29c19d2-9bf6-4b87-95f9-7460429fff03","documentId":"osft-doc-1412","id":"c103","text":"Dutch archaeology legislation obligates archaeologists in the Netherlands to archive their data via DANS within two years of completion of their projects.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"Dutch archaeology legislation","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"This can be explained as a result of Dutch archaeology legislation, the Wet op de archeologische monumentenzorg, in 2007 that formally obligated archaeologists in the Netherlands to archive their data via DANS within two years of completion of their projects (Keers et al.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1412/c104","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/fb397fc025a94496","nativeRecordCid":"747fe4d1-1288-4a3c-94bb-cdcbb44ec122","documentId":"osft-doc-1412","id":"c104","text":"Policy mandates in the United Kingdom and the Netherlands have been effective in populating repositories with archaeological data.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"UK and Netherlands policy mandates","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"From this pilot study of repository data we see that policy mandates in the United Kingdom and the Netherlands have been effective in populating repositories with archaeological data.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1412/c105","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/3197b10d35a94b28","nativeRecordCid":"f5323cfe-c59e-4e0d-86cc-55606ebda461","documentId":"osft-doc-1412","id":"c105","text":"Archaeologists are sensitive to the price of sharing data.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"archaeologists' sensitivity to sharing cost","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"With the 2012 spike in records deposited in tDAR we also see that archaeologists are sensitive to the price of sharing data.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1412/c106","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/bfea37745e4c4753","nativeRecordCid":"3ef8841c-b93d-48a3-959a-af8b7ea909a3","documentId":"osft-doc-1412","id":"c106","text":"Repositories hosting data often require the author to choose a permissive license as a condition of making a deposit.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"repository licensing requirements","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"In most cases this is because the repository hosting the data requires the author to choose one of these permissive licenses as a condition of making the deposit.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1412/c107","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/af13cae1658f434f","nativeRecordCid":"b333e4bb-293a-447c-8e25-bbce4a361d1d","documentId":"osft-doc-1412","id":"c107","text":"Many deposited items are able to be reused because of their permissive licenses.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"reusability of deposited items","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"However, although many items are\nable\nto be reused because of the licenses, the ease of reuse of these items is low.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1412/c108","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/d07c343185934968","nativeRecordCid":"02d693e0-d285-40f9-9b04-654d0f7a41f2","documentId":"osft-doc-1412","id":"c108","text":"The ease of reuse of deposited items is low.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"ease of reuse of deposited items","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"However, although many items are\nable\nto be reused because of the licenses, the ease of reuse of these items is low.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1412/c109","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/5768e5e23ae64d49","nativeRecordCid":"9f39dfba-9c81-4320-b43a-1068cbc0fa16","documentId":"osft-doc-1412","id":"c109","text":"Only a small fraction of deposited items are machine-readable structured data files.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"machine-readable structured data files","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Only a small fraction of the items deposited are machine-readable structured data files.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1412/c110","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/96d5fcb9feca4037","nativeRecordCid":"7aea57de-c69e-4f4d-9e2a-ade76a83abf0","documentId":"osft-doc-1412","id":"c110","text":"PDF files require extensive manual handling to extract tabular data for convenient reuse and combination with other datasets.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"PDF files and data reuse","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The majority of items are PDFs, which require extensive manual handling to extract tabular data for convenient reuse and combination with other datasets.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1412/c111","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/8bad538f682a485f","nativeRecordCid":"4e2470ed-a549-4512-9cda-f2c57c4e2800","documentId":"osft-doc-1412","id":"c111","text":"Crossref is an official DOI registration agency focused on issuing DOIs for scholarly materials such as journal articles, books, and e-books.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"Crossref","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Crossref is an official DOI registration agency, focused on issuing DOIs for scholarly materials such as journal articles, books, e-books, and so on.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1412/c112","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/d000fb6500504784","nativeRecordCid":"b0699246-7ca2-458f-870e-8678f11bca4f","documentId":"osft-doc-1412","id":"c112","text":"The Thomson Reuters Data Citation Index is not a free resource.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"Thomson Reuters Data Citation Index","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Another source for data citation data is the Thomson Reuters Data Citation Index (Pavlech\nReference Pavlech\n2016\n), but this resource is not free, and we did not have access to a subscription.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1412/c113","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/db94ad16909d495b","nativeRecordCid":"8cf4d12c-e3e2-4e38-966f-0be5b41e5c58","documentId":"osft-doc-1412","id":"c113","text":"Citation of archaeological data in repositories is a recent phenomenon.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"citation of archaeological data","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"According to the Crossref data, citation of archaeological data in repositories is a recent phenomenon, with the majority in our sample occurring over the last 12 months.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1412/c114","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/754888c47934432f","nativeRecordCid":"a05bace7-dfe8-49ac-bac1-67d2a9adbb9e","documentId":"osft-doc-1412","id":"c114","text":"Malformed citations add to the difficulty of accurately measuring data citation in archaeology.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"malformed citations","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"These malformed citations add to the difficulty of accurately measuring data citation in archaeology (cf. Belter\nReference Belter\n2014\n).","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1412/c115","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/3d8313080d8d4417","nativeRecordCid":"f64e7953-b9ac-48a1-928a-fd14349bb9f9","documentId":"osft-doc-1412","id":"c115","text":"Sharing data by depositing files in a trustworthy, public, DOI-issuing repository is by far the most widely recommended method of sharing archaeological data.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"public repository sharing method","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The third method, via a public repository, is by far the most widely recommended method both specifically by archaeologists (Kansa and Kansa\nReference Kansa and Kansa\n2013\n; Kansa et al.\nReference Kansa, Kansa and Watrall\n2011\n; Kintigh\nReference Kintigh\n2006\n) and in other sciences","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1412/c116","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/5fdff10c248a4627","nativeRecordCid":"5248623a-6ac7-46b4-af5b-331ea24446b2","documentId":"osft-doc-1412","id":"c116","text":"The editors of the journal Scientific Data maintain lists of trustworthy repositories.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"Scientific Data editors' repository lists","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Lists of trustworthy repositories are maintained by the editors of the journal\nScientific Data\n(Nature:\nScientific Data\nEditors\n2017\n) and","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1412/c117","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/05a5468a039f424d","nativeRecordCid":"2a02c97d-1245-4b32-8bee-36247d89f4aa","documentId":"osft-doc-1412","id":"c117","text":"re3data.org is a global registry of research data repositories.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"re3data.org","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"http://www.re3data.org\n, a global registry of research data repositories (Pampel et al.\nReference Pampel, Vierkant, Scholze, Bertelmann, Kindling, Klump and Dierolf\n2013\n).","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1412/c118","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/996790f515474218","nativeRecordCid":"c3eb31eb-cae5-4fa1-9e45-3a0306865959","documentId":"osft-doc-1412","id":"c118","text":"University librarians are a resource for advice on choosing repositories and preparing data for sharing.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"university librarians","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"University librarians are another resource for advice on choosing repositories and preparing data for sharing.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1412/c119","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/e26a0a4db7b64f68","nativeRecordCid":"25e158c1-637d-407d-ae3a-25da78b4a437","documentId":"osft-doc-1412","id":"c119","text":"There are many guidelines and conventions from other disciplines that are relevant to sharing archaeological data.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"guidelines from other disciplines","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"There are many guidelines and conventions from other disciplines that are relevant to sharing archaeological data (Inter-university Consortium for Political and Social Research","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1412/c120","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/b801441e4054495f","nativeRecordCid":"fc484042-83d5-464a-9fff-5f5536062586","documentId":"osft-doc-1412","id":"c120","text":"Many data sharing guidelines may create new technical and practical challenges for archaeologists who are not accustomed to sharing data.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"guidelines' challenges for archaeologists","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Many of these guidelines may create new technical and practical challenges for archaeologists who are not accustomed to sharing data, and many archaeologists do not want to dedicate resources to sharing data.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1412/c121","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/ee5ae2dbab954700","nativeRecordCid":"f46d11a1-48be-4338-8ebd-b6873b7d80a0","documentId":"osft-doc-1412","id":"c121","text":"Many archaeologists do not want to dedicate resources to sharing data.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"archaeologists' willingness to fund sharing","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Many of these guidelines may create new technical and practical challenges for archaeologists who are not accustomed to sharing data, and many archaeologists do not want to dedicate resources to sharing data.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1412/c122","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/89c3fd6d44b84ac9","nativeRecordCid":"b00db5bf-d623-446b-a670-4e9e5b92c298","documentId":"osft-doc-1412","id":"c122","text":"One should not let the perfect be the enemy of the good when it comes to sharing archaeological data.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"","subject":"data sharing standards","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"However, we should not let the perfect be the enemy of the good.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1412/c123","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/5e38d7c5af6b4522","nativeRecordCid":"cce09b23-ee31-4d88-8cc8-3c756004bb40","documentId":"osft-doc-1412","id":"c123","text":"Sharing data imperfectly is more valuable than not sharing data at all.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"value of imperfect data sharing","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"While we recognize that our data sharing practices fall short of all the guidelines, we still see value in sharing data imperfectly, rather than not at all.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1412/c124","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/d3d18b7c8bfd4f17","nativeRecordCid":"1b18a48a-83ff-4a6f-91e3-a86a6ee931e5","documentId":"osft-doc-1412","id":"c124","text":"Data sharing is a relatively new behavior for most archaeologists.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"data sharing as a behavior","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Data sharing is a relatively new behavior for most archaeologists, so it is important to clarify what does not count as data sharing.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1412/c125","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/fec425a7249d4b0c","nativeRecordCid":"17d79957-d70f-40ef-8b32-e3d5e9db3c63","documentId":"osft-doc-1412","id":"c125","text":"Making data available on a website that is not a trustworthy, persistent-identifier-issuing repository does not count as data sharing.","kind":"definitional","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"definition of data sharing","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Making data available on a website that is not a trustworthy, persistent-identifier-issuing repository is not data sharing.","representedInStars":false}
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{"key":"osft-doc-1412/c127","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/547eb2c8fbd14d42","nativeRecordCid":"46e0a0f0-a8bd-4822-93e9-b37d368bb13e","documentId":"osft-doc-1412","id":"c127","text":"Data hosted on a personal faculty web page or a research project's web server can change in untracked ways.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"data on personal/project web pages","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"For example, data files hosted on a personal faculty web page or the Web server of a research project is problematic because these files could disappear at any time, the data can change in untracked ways, and published links to the files are broken when these websites are reorganized, making the files inaccessible.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1412/c128","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/fe5e2eac099f4443","nativeRecordCid":"c97838da-3e70-4eef-9b18-d11bd0c98e93","documentId":"osft-doc-1412","id":"c128","text":"Published links to data on personal or project web pages break and make the files inaccessible when these websites are reorganized.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"links to data on personal/project web pages","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"For example, data files hosted on a personal faculty web page or the Web server of a research project is problematic because these files could disappear at any time, the data can change in untracked ways, and published links to the files are broken when these websites are reorganized, making the files inaccessible.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1412/c129","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/2de2d2fa546d4f86","nativeRecordCid":"ea147ee8-3f01-4d27-8bc0-6da2875999a1","documentId":"osft-doc-1412","id":"c129","text":"Supplementary files attached to journal articles are inaccessible to nonsubscribers for paywalled journals.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"supplementary files and paywalls","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Sharing data via supplementary files attached to a journal article is problematic because they are inaccessible to nonsubscribers for paywalled journals, because publishers often alter the data file formats and file names during the production process, and because publishers own those data and the original authors may need to request permission to reuse their own data.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1412/c130","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/4fbd4eafc49347b5","nativeRecordCid":"ff2a5130-2251-4a01-8ad4-179558807440","documentId":"osft-doc-1412","id":"c130","text":"Publishers often alter the data file formats and file names of supplementary files during the production process.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"publishers altering supplementary files","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Sharing data via supplementary files attached to a journal article is problematic because they are inaccessible to nonsubscribers for paywalled journals, because publishers often alter the data file formats and file names during the production process, and because publishers own those data and the original authors may need to request permission to reuse their own data.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1412/c131","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/11e1b16f8d40464b","nativeRecordCid":"e74da27f-33e1-428d-b658-2d0ebb7529d6","documentId":"osft-doc-1412","id":"c131","text":"Because publishers own supplementary data, the original authors may need to request permission to reuse their own data.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"publisher ownership of supplementary data","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Sharing data via supplementary files attached to a journal article is problematic because they are inaccessible to nonsubscribers for paywalled journals, because publishers often alter the data file formats and file names during the production process, and because publishers own those data and the original authors may need to request permission to reuse their own data.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1412/c132","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/7a974ab9ec584492","nativeRecordCid":"e975de61-eedd-48e1-aab8-252a4a299e84","documentId":"osft-doc-1412","id":"c132","text":"Modification of supplementary file names during the article production process can break scripts that read files by referring to file names as they were prior to publisher handling.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"supplementary file name modification","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The modification of supplementary file names during the article production process can break scripts that attempt to read files by referring to file names as they were prior to the publisher handling the files.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1412/c133","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/409c37bdb7de4031","nativeRecordCid":"462eb2c7-27d3-4bb4-9762-c71c62a5ccca","documentId":"osft-doc-1412","id":"c133","text":"Authors who write that data are available by request are not sharing data.","kind":"definitional","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"definition of data sharing","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Finally, authors who write in their publications that “the data are available by request” are not sharing data.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1412/c134","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/85bfe5e6cff04bd9","nativeRecordCid":"00ce3444-f894-4368-b91c-a43c5c9608b0","documentId":"osft-doc-1412","id":"c134","text":"Data described as available by request are not actually available.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"data available by request","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Not only are the data not actually available, but there is no way to enforce that the authors will actually honor any requests for their data.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1412/c135","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/a5352d37b2a345b4","nativeRecordCid":"cc0d8f1c-42d2-4717-8b97-ab2b8ce4679b","documentId":"osft-doc-1412","id":"c135","text":"There is no way to enforce that authors will honor requests for their data.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"enforcement of data requests","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Not only are the data not actually available, but there is no way to enforce that the authors will actually honor any requests for their data.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1412/c136","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/3302e5813d8b43bd","nativeRecordCid":"9f68bdbc-6d33-4b9c-88c8-b8009943f485","documentId":"osft-doc-1412","id":"c136","text":"Researchers should deposit data files in a trustworthy data repository and use persistent links to the files in reports and manuscripts to avoid pseudo-sharing behaviors.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"","subject":"avoiding pseudo-sharing behaviors","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"A simple strategy for avoiding these pseudo-sharing behaviors is to deposit data files in a trustworthy data repository and use persistent links to the files in reports and manuscripts.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1412/c137","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/09c31c0afcd546c4","nativeRecordCid":"82577276-cf68-49f6-b15a-8a837ee50ad0","documentId":"osft-doc-1412","id":"c137","text":"The Joint Declaration of Data Citation Principles is the current standard in many disciplines for data citation within any research object.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"Joint Declaration of Data Citation Principles","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The Joint Declaration of Data Citation Principles is the current standard in many disciplines for data citation within any research object (Data Citation Synthesis Group\nReference Martone\n2014\n).","representedInStars":false}
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{"key":"osft-doc-1412/c142","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/e4aecd69d18c4184","nativeRecordCid":"6e3326fd-823f-46c6-bbc5-6ea50d37b141","documentId":"osft-doc-1412","id":"c142","text":"A data identifier must contain some metadata, such as the identity of the publisher, though not necessarily in a human-readable format.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"","subject":"data identifier requirements","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The identifier must have two important qualities: the address contains some metadata (such as the identity of the publisher, but not necessarily in a human-readable format), and it remains fixed to a specific file or bundle of files over the lifetime of those objects, even if their location on the internet changes.","representedInStars":false}
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{"key":"osft-doc-1412/c145","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/2369b30627664488","nativeRecordCid":"10cfe56c-8297-4b68-ac3b-a754e400633a","documentId":"osft-doc-1412","id":"c145","text":"A data publisher must inform the DOI-issuing authority when it changes the internet address of a dataset so that the DOI resolves to the new location of the files.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"data publisher","subject":"updating DOI resolution","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"When a data publisher changes the internet address of a dataset, it is responsible for informing the DOI-issuing authority so that the DOI resolves to the new location of the files.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1412/c146","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/9b07fd396cc8452e","nativeRecordCid":"ee82067a-b650-4f78-b9dc-c68f483aa317","documentId":"osft-doc-1412","id":"c146","text":"A DOI's proxy is usually https://doi.org but sometimes also https://hdl.handle.net/ or just \"DOI\".","kind":"definitional","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"DOI proxy component","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"the proxy, usually\nhttps://doi.org\nbut sometimes also\nhttps://hdl.handle.net/\nor just DOI","representedInStars":false}
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{"key":"osft-doc-1412/c148","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/d3b836d08f294179","nativeRecordCid":"b232c539-2970-4a55-a29d-2b6049fa5f82","documentId":"osft-doc-1412","id":"c148","text":"A DOI's suffix is a random-looking string of characters and numbers that uniquely identifies the file or bundle of files, also known as a local identifier or an \"accession\".","kind":"definitional","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"DOI suffix component","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"the suffix, a random-looking string of any combination of characters and numbers that uniquely identify the file or bundle of files; this is also known as a local identifier (local ID) or an “accession,”","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1412/c149","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/50749960a10f4880","nativeRecordCid":"b9367dc2-1ebb-4b83-af23-1386ef88bace","documentId":"osft-doc-1412","id":"c149","text":"An accession or local identifier is, by itself, only guaranteed to be locally unique within the database or source.","kind":"definitional","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"local identifier uniqueness","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"an identifier that, by itself, is only guaranteed to be locally unique within the database or source (McMurry et al.\nReference McMurry, Juty, Blomberg, Burdett, Conlin, Conte and Parkinson\n2017\n)","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1412/c150","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/30e42323318341ba","nativeRecordCid":"0bd303ac-b148-4755-998d-3ecfeadebb3c","documentId":"osft-doc-1412","id":"c150","text":"A DOI alone is not sufficient for citing a dataset because the files can change over time.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"DOI sufficiency for citation","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"A DOI alone is not sufficient for citing a dataset, because, as with many things on the internet, the files can change over time.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1412/c151","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/3f87b8d8978944b4","nativeRecordCid":"81530ddd-47c8-4e6b-a7a2-23f2a3702c79","documentId":"osft-doc-1412","id":"c151","text":"Most data repositories keep each version of the files that a user uploads.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"repository version retention","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Most data repositories will keep each version of the files that you upload, so in this scenario there will be at least two versions of the files in our data repository.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1412/c152","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/b185e38e57c44f13","nativeRecordCid":"112f354e-8e29-47cb-8707-e1d6e7e91302","documentId":"osft-doc-1412","id":"c152","text":"It is necessary to identify specific file versions when citing data because the files stored at a DOI can change.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"","subject":"identifying data file versions","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Because of this potential to change the files stored at the DOI, it is necessary to identify specific file versions in our citation of the data.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1412/c153","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/5acdbbc6911242a3","nativeRecordCid":"31e7fa38-7b8e-44c4-9aba-640aa23cc7ec","documentId":"osft-doc-1412","id":"c153","text":"A simple method to record the version of cited data is to include the date the data files were accessed.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"","subject":"recording data citation version","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"A simple method to record the version is to include the date that the data files were accessed, as when citing any other resource found on the internet.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1412/c154","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/030167173fb744c5","nativeRecordCid":"4ff95da7-48ef-454a-9e26-961372e42171","documentId":"osft-doc-1412","id":"c154","text":"Including a version-number suffix in a DOI is not formally a functionality of the DOI system.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"DOI version-number suffixes","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"However, this is not formally a functionality of the DOI system, so including the date accessed is a more robust and general method of indicating the version.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1412/c155","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/539c3626d38a46b1","nativeRecordCid":"2fc760ef-77b4-4758-9baa-4649f0f6639d","documentId":"osft-doc-1412","id":"c155","text":"Technological solutions to issues of transience, permanence, and granularity in data citation are still in development.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"data citation technology","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Technological solutions to issues of transience, permanence, and granularity in data citation are still in development.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1412/c156","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/d078d9fac9df405b","nativeRecordCid":"20d9d7b0-c2ec-4cd9-8cab-8ddd718d1f4d","documentId":"osft-doc-1412","id":"c156","text":"When citing data in a manuscript or report, the ideal practice is to cite both the dataset and the traditional publication that first described it.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"","subject":"citing data and its publication","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"When citing data in the text of a manuscript or report, the ideal practice is to cite the dataset and the traditional publication that first described it","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1412/c157","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/44421854426e4efe","nativeRecordCid":"fecf29d2-c185-49b5-8f31-7faab58fa351","documentId":"osft-doc-1412","id":"c157","text":"Citing both the dataset and the publication helps to resolve ambiguity about the source of the data.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"benefit of dual citation","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Citing both the dataset and the publication helps to resolve ambiguity about the source of the data and gives context to the data.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1412/c158","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/802648a067464aa2","nativeRecordCid":"07b9badf-d896-411f-8f3c-d970da296b63","documentId":"osft-doc-1412","id":"c158","text":"Citing both the dataset and the publication gives context to the data.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"benefit of dual citation","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Citing both the dataset and the publication helps to resolve ambiguity about the source of the data and gives context to the data.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1412/c159","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/51c2deec1b1a445d","nativeRecordCid":"a18924da-75b4-46d7-8708-24b00725a35d","documentId":"osft-doc-1412","id":"c159","text":"The authorship of data files may differ from that of the paper describing the data.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"authorship of data vs. paper","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Furthermore, the authorship of the data files may differ from that of the paper describing the data, and it is important that both authors (or sets of authors) receive credit for their work through the normal mechanisms of citation recognition.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1412/c160","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/1745075354114372","nativeRecordCid":"9daff1c0-10b9-4983-899b-4533a205c1f8","documentId":"osft-doc-1412","id":"c160","text":"Both authors (or sets of authors) receiving credit for their work through normal mechanisms of citation recognition is important.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"credit for data and paper authors","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Furthermore, the authorship of the data files may differ from that of the paper describing the data, and it is important that both authors (or sets of authors) receive credit for their work through the normal mechanisms of citation recognition.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1412/c161","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/f0b62520d9a5476d","nativeRecordCid":"c9c2fecd-b984-4ed9-9d39-ff066e5b9ee0","documentId":"osft-doc-1412","id":"c161","text":"When an author who has published data later makes an intellectual contribution to a separate study led by others that uses that data, the data author should also be a coauthor of the separate study.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"data author","subject":"coauthorship when contributing to a study","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"In cases where authors have published their data and then make an intellectual contribution to a separate study led by others that uses the published data, then the data author should also be a coauthor of the separate study.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1412/c162","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/23c53a2c78904f64","nativeRecordCid":"e8f12477-8c84-4a5f-ab7d-5ea912d5710a","documentId":"osft-doc-1412","id":"c162","text":"If other researchers use published data without any input from the data author, citation of the data is sufficient and adding the data author as a coauthor is not necessary.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"researchers using data without author input","subject":"coauthorship when no author input","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"If other researchers use published data in their publication without any input from the data author, then citation of the data is all that is required, and adding the data author as a coauthor is not necessary.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1412/c163","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/39644b9c4e6d45a3","nativeRecordCid":"c46dac66-2ad1-424c-bff6-5ba637210f25","documentId":"osft-doc-1412","id":"c163","text":"In the paper in which data are first described, the citation statement should be included in the body of the paper, in the \"Material and Methods\" section.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"","subject":"placement of citation statement","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"In the paper in which these data are first described, the citation statement should be included in the body of the paper, in the “Material and Methods” section.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1412/c164","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/4da0d106a5884735","nativeRecordCid":"8b2d27b6-564e-4fdd-82a2-26cfcffc5be4","documentId":"osft-doc-1412","id":"c164","text":"The formal data reference should be included in the paper's reference list, using the recommended journal's reference format.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"","subject":"placement of formal data reference","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"In addition, the formal data reference should be included in the paper's reference list, using the recommended journal's reference format.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1412/c165","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/d43a052b9172484b","nativeRecordCid":"ff556426-85b8-4d28-878e-ec8e3ced7c95","documentId":"osft-doc-1412","id":"c165","text":"The status of research data is slowly changing in many fields from a gift culture where data are privately held commodities to part of the public commons, accessible to anyone with an internet connection.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"changing status of research data","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The status of research data is slowly changing in many fields from a gift culture where data are privately held commodities traded for coauthorship, invitations, and other status tokens (Hagstrom\nReference Hagstrom, Barnes and Edge\n1982\n; Wallis et al.\nReference Wallis, Rolando and Borgman\n2013\n) to part of the public commons, accessible to anyone with an internet connection.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1412/c166","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/73b5e1829cfc40e6","nativeRecordCid":"92843fb4-0e31-436b-baa6-6aaebeaa3a13","documentId":"osft-doc-1412","id":"c166","text":"This change toward open data has been fastest in data-rich \"big science\" fields, such as astronomy, physics, and oceanography, that use expensive instruments generating data shared with large teams of collaborators to produce new discoveries.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"open-data change in big science fields","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"This change has been fastest in data-rich “big science” fields, such as astronomy, physics, and oceanography, that use expensive instruments that generate data shared with large teams of collaborators to produce new discoveries (Reichman and Uhlir\nReference Reichman and Uhlir\n2003\n).","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1412/c167","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/7bfbb95d0efa4c58","nativeRecordCid":"150093f6-cc98-4553-80c3-68dae84c8e5a","documentId":"osft-doc-1412","id":"c167","text":"In smaller, data-poor sciences such as archaeology, where collaborative groups are modest, data sharing is still mostly ad hoc and disaggregated.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"data sharing in archaeology","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"However, in “smaller” data-poor sciences such as archaeology, where collaborative groups are modest, data sharing is still mostly ad hoc and disaggregated.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1412/c168","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/8656ed56d2f244d7","nativeRecordCid":"ffc506df-a74a-44a4-8820-0f4f1716eeae","documentId":"osft-doc-1412","id":"c168","text":"Archaeologists still have a long way to go in making their data easier to reuse by sharing data in plain text structured data formats such as CSV.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"archaeologists and structured data formats","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Archaeologists still have a long way to go in making their data easier to reuse by sharing data in plain text structured data formats such as CSV.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1412/c169","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/9b36e783dc1c47f1","nativeRecordCid":"799d8675-0992-410a-ae7e-cac3263cfb51","documentId":"osft-doc-1412","id":"c169","text":"Citation of datasets appears to be almost nonexistent in archaeological literature.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"dataset citation in archaeology","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"We found that citation of datasets, although problematic to measure, appears to be almost nonexistent in archaeological literature.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1412/c170","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/a246938ff64e40a7","nativeRecordCid":"b688de49-f4e5-40a6-9e37-6cb1058df714","documentId":"osft-doc-1412","id":"c170","text":"Data sharing in archaeology is unfunded.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"funding of data sharing","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Among the many challenges of increasing the rate of data sharing in archaeology and other “small” sciences is that data sharing is unfunded, unrewarded, and only rarely required.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1412/c171","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/e3e955e396ff4d19","nativeRecordCid":"5622273a-41e7-4511-acef-9ed9584fff40","documentId":"osft-doc-1412","id":"c171","text":"Data sharing in archaeology is unrewarded.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"reward for data sharing","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Among the many challenges of increasing the rate of data sharing in archaeology and other “small” sciences is that data sharing is unfunded, unrewarded, and only rarely required.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1412/c172","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/0d13e6f826eb4af8","nativeRecordCid":"b9370579-df12-4ff5-9e74-a3791359c79c","documentId":"osft-doc-1412","id":"c172","text":"Data sharing in archaeology is only rarely required.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"requirement of data sharing","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Among the many challenges of increasing the rate of data sharing in archaeology and other “small” sciences is that data sharing is unfunded, unrewarded, and only rarely required.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1412/c173","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/c5465814d6aa4685","nativeRecordCid":"d2f19357-466b-4521-b3b5-6ae723619991","documentId":"osft-doc-1412","id":"c173","text":"The task of changing the state of data sharing must be shared between individuals and institutions, with individuals pushing for institutional change.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"individuals and institutions","subject":"responsibility for changing data sharing","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"There is no simple answer, but we believe that the task must be shared between individuals and institutions, with individuals pushing for institutional change.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1412/c174","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/1a1a10621f474df8","nativeRecordCid":"9c34eb84-ebbf-4fe4-b111-682a9da5ed0e","documentId":"osft-doc-1412","id":"c174","text":"The challenge of funding data sharing can be tackled by practical action from members of professional societies.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"funding challenge and professional societies","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The challenge of funding can be tackled by practical action from members of professional societies.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1412/c175","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/7f09456737ec400b","nativeRecordCid":"059ca10b-9eb4-488a-9e57-e0d4377eb9ff","documentId":"osft-doc-1412","id":"c175","text":"The Society for American Archaeology should communicate to funding bodies, such as the National Science Foundation, about the importance of allocating funds specifically for data sharing.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"Society for American Archaeology","subject":"communicating funding importance","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"For example, the Society for American Archaeology should communicate to funding bodies, such as the National Science Foundation, about the importance of allocating funds specifically for data sharing and providing reliable information on how to choose and use data repositories.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1412/c176","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/db1c5f7b88fa4cba","nativeRecordCid":"ca915966-41f4-4c47-9c8c-fd4b95dcef2d","documentId":"osft-doc-1412","id":"c176","text":"The Society for American Archaeology should communicate to funding bodies reliable information on how to choose and use data repositories.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"Society for American Archaeology","subject":"communicating repository information","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"For example, the Society for American Archaeology should communicate to funding bodies, such as the National Science Foundation, about the importance of allocating funds specifically for data sharing and providing reliable information on how to choose and use data repositories.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1412/c177","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/b5f5f0e0479e43ca","nativeRecordCid":"45dcd5f2-9a83-44c6-871e-20d860377854","documentId":"osft-doc-1412","id":"c177","text":"The challenge of requiring data sharing can be addressed by funding bodies and federal agencies through more rigorous evaluation and enforcement of data management plans during the review process.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"requiring data sharing via funding agencies","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The challenge of requiring data sharing can also be addressed by funding bodies and federal agencies, through more rigorous evaluation and enforcement of data management plans during the review process.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1412/c178","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/57efb2e37c4c46ed","nativeRecordCid":"93b5c0ab-2c39-4868-b945-0a340c12f5ab","documentId":"osft-doc-1412","id":"c178","text":"Changes in the policies of professional societies and other agencies are primarily responses to changes in norms in the community of researchers.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"policy change and researcher norms","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"However, changes in the policies of professional societies and other agencies are primarily responses to changes in norms in the community of researchers.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1412/c179","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/220c759e59e84e58","nativeRecordCid":"e152ea8d-340b-49d9-91e9-bafed8fb9c1e","documentId":"osft-doc-1412","id":"c179","text":"Individual researchers are responsible for communicating the value of data sharing to professional societies and funding agencies.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"individual researchers","subject":"researchers' responsibility to communicate data sharing value","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"In practice, individual researchers are responsible for communicating the value of data sharing to professional societies and funding agencies (e.g., by holding peers to high standards of data sharing during grant reviews).","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1412/c180","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/1b85d8f1e43d4010","nativeRecordCid":"593efdc6-dc8a-4770-9bf8-cdbccce38323","documentId":"osft-doc-1412","id":"c180","text":"Changes in individual practice will demonstrate a change in norms.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"individual practice and norm change","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Changes in individual practice will demonstrate a change in norms and motivate our institutions to formalize these new data sharing values through policies and regulations.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1412/c181","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/48e0d6ee3b6c48e6","nativeRecordCid":"1ee61f18-4022-4fe1-85a8-dce33fd125c2","documentId":"osft-doc-1412","id":"c181","text":"Changes in individual practice will motivate institutions to formalize new data sharing values through policies and regulations.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"individual practice and institutional formalization","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Changes in individual practice will demonstrate a change in norms and motivate our institutions to formalize these new data sharing values through policies and regulations.","representedInStars":false}
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{"key":"osft-doc-1449/c9","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/4cb0e71f67ef4ff3","nativeRecordCid":"0d123b5e-1009-45d7-9ea9-12d8fd6c0195","documentId":"osft-doc-1449","id":"c9","text":"A transition to Open Science will take years to effect, not months or days.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"transition to Open Science","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Such a \ntransition will take years to effect, not months or days.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1449/c10","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/d33448ad527e4a44","nativeRecordCid":"e4d23d8f-9bc1-4fc7-ac16-67f8d7657799","documentId":"osft-doc-1449","id":"c10","text":"Universities should develop a programme of cultural change to transition to Open Science at the institutional level.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"universities","subject":"programme of cultural change","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"To transition at the institutional level, we suggest universities should develop \na programme of cultural change, which is necessary to support the changes in principle and practice which Open Science \nbrings.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1449/c11","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/6669057ea35c4fa3","nativeRecordCid":"ad8b6f37-fc40-42a5-87e0-5135e56dabd2","documentId":"osft-doc-1449","id":"c11","text":"Universities may establish advocacy programmes for Open Science.","kind":"normative","modality":"may","actor":"universities","subject":"advocacy programmes","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Universities can establish advocacy programmes, which should identify the benefits of Open Science approaches, whilst \nbeing realistic about the challenges.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1449/c12","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/8e6e3d0696c24e78","nativeRecordCid":"1cfac469-e5f7-42a4-bd29-0179a394b02b","documentId":"osft-doc-1449","id":"c12","text":"Advocacy programmes for Open Science should identify the benefits of Open Science approaches while being realistic about the challenges.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"advocacy programmes","subject":"advocacy programmes for Open Science","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Universities can establish advocacy programmes, which should identify the benefits of Open Science approaches, whilst \nbeing realistic about the challenges.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1449/c13","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/1c6a0a263c7744b1","nativeRecordCid":"d42b0d25-ee43-4e15-be89-d35c0fa3cc72","documentId":"osft-doc-1449","id":"c13","text":"Universities may establish advocacy programmes.","kind":"normative","modality":"may","actor":"universities","subject":"advocacy programmes","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Universities can establish advocacy programmes,","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1449/c14","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/9ea3e14f5a65494a","nativeRecordCid":"573e7b4f-24ed-49a3-b6f6-576fff91fd00","documentId":"osft-doc-1449","id":"c14","text":"Universities may draw up a communication strategy to enable the whole university body to become familiar with Open Science practices.","kind":"normative","modality":"may","actor":"universities","subject":"communication strategy","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"They may wish to draw up a communication strategy, which enables the whole university \nbody to become familiar with Open Science practices, and they may want to appoint a senior manager to lead Open Science \napproaches across all eight pillars of Open Science.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1449/c15","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/0d508c93489d47e0","nativeRecordCid":"d98517a9-4b3c-4a9a-86cb-58da83133559","documentId":"osft-doc-1449","id":"c15","text":"Universities may appoint a senior manager to lead Open Science approaches across all eight pillars of Open Science.","kind":"normative","modality":"may","actor":"universities","subject":"senior manager for Open Science","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"They may wish to draw up a communication strategy, which enables the whole university \nbody to become familiar with Open Science practices, and they may want to appoint a senior manager to lead Open Science \napproaches across all eight pillars of Open Science.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1449/c16","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/ae66b73271904675","nativeRecordCid":"85c85814-92ec-4c03-b036-ddde96e1a6f8","documentId":"osft-doc-1449","id":"c16","text":"Open Science represents a complex and multi-dimensional process of transition, different for every university.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"Open Science","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Open Science represents a complex and multi-dimensional process of transition, different for every university.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1449/c17","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/12385014b2724d04","nativeRecordCid":"fa936885-cb1a-41ef-8445-ebb7934fee48","documentId":"osft-doc-1449","id":"c17","text":"Open Science is a movement which aims to make scientific research, data and dissemination accessible to all levels of an inquiring society.","kind":"definitional","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"Open Science","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Open Science is a “movement which aims to make scientific \nresearch, data and dissemination accessible to all levels \nof an inquiring society”.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1449/c18","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/8b2d0d0c9af84a5e","nativeRecordCid":"fae338f1-f2fd-4766-9a3b-43b2fa9c1c51","documentId":"osft-doc-1449","id":"c18","text":"Open Scholarship is a better title than Open Science because in English the word 'Science' covers just a sub-set of all academic disciplines.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"the term Open Scholarship","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"In truth, \nOpen Scholarship is a better title because in English the word \n‘Science’ covers just a sub-set of all academic disciplines.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1449/c19","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/c520d3108ce74ad8","nativeRecordCid":"4ec7a35e-800d-4bf3-924d-6f7934896f4a","documentId":"osft-doc-1449","id":"c19","text":"The eight pillars of Open Science are inter-related.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"the eight pillars of Open Science","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"These eight themes are all inter-related and LERU views them as an inter-linked set of activities which together contribute to \nthe Open Science agenda.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1449/c20","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/44a684dd33034a51","nativeRecordCid":"3beff6e1-c0a6-479c-935c-1ba668701631","documentId":"osft-doc-1449","id":"c20","text":"The eight pillars of Open Science together contribute to the Open Science agenda.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"the eight pillars of Open Science","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"These eight themes are all inter-related and LERU views them as an inter-linked set of activities which together contribute to \nthe Open Science agenda.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1449/c21","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/93b3cbf366e74746","nativeRecordCid":"96a60284-cb0a-425a-9a9b-880d106ca19a","documentId":"osft-doc-1449","id":"c21","text":"The prevalence of digital delivery and the omnipresence of the internet enables new ways of doing things.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"digital delivery and internet prevalence","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The prevalence of digital delivery and the \nomnipresence of the internet means that new ways of doing \nthings are possible.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1449/c22","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/ac458e49922f4a31","nativeRecordCid":"83f559fb-93e3-4e29-8a02-77da3ff3ea3d","documentId":"osft-doc-1449","id":"c22","text":"A perceived disjoint between universities and Society has led many universities to investigate new ways of engaging with the general public.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"universities","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"A perceived \ndisjoint between universities and Society has led many \nuniversities individually to investigate new ways of engaging \nwith the general public.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1449/c23","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/9fa39de7238b4f33","nativeRecordCid":"e6043fef-fb37-4038-94d3-2dd267aaa558","documentId":"osft-doc-1449","id":"c23","text":"'Fake news' is prevalent.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"'fake news'","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The prevalence of ‘fake news’ and \nsociety’s distrust of expert opinion underlines the need for \nuniversities to make themselves even more open and relevant \nto Society.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1449/c24","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/0e55ae3886924a98","nativeRecordCid":"3b82052e-743a-4cd5-9b5d-94add593246d","documentId":"osft-doc-1449","id":"c24","text":"Society distrusts expert opinion.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"society","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The prevalence of ‘fake news’ and \nsociety’s distrust of expert opinion underlines the need for \nuniversities to make themselves even more open and relevant \nto Society.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1449/c25","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/ed1947c3cc7f466f","nativeRecordCid":"e3a09df7-57b8-40b5-bf20-3d0aca371c02","documentId":"osft-doc-1449","id":"c25","text":"Universities must make themselves more open and relevant to Society.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"universities","subject":"universities' openness to Society","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The prevalence of ‘fake news’ and \nsociety’s distrust of expert opinion underlines the need for \nuniversities to make themselves even more open and relevant \nto Society.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1449/c26","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/3b89b67c5d454e0a","nativeRecordCid":"34aadf36-4e20-4689-add7-138db391de96","documentId":"osft-doc-1449","id":"c26","text":"The European Commission has made Open Science a priority.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"the European Commission","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"There are important policy drivers too, and the European \nCommission has made Open Science a priority.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1449/c27","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/d34bef7997ef41fe","nativeRecordCid":"8ae85d58-c841-41a0-aa26-af05d12c6e68","documentId":"osft-doc-1449","id":"c27","text":"The European Commission's revised Recommendation on access to and preservation of scientific information supports EU Member States in their transition to Open Science.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"the revised Recommendation on access and preservation","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The \nguidelines in the revised Recommendation on access to and \npreservation of scientific information -published in April 2018 \nby the European Commission- support EU Member States in \ntransition to Open Science (European Commission, 2018).","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1449/c28","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/6fac71792a864bab","nativeRecordCid":"a29bc747-42be-4745-9e5f-d00b7c43badb","documentId":"osft-doc-1449","id":"c28","text":"Open Science opens up new ways in which research, education and innovation are undertaken, archived, curated and disseminated across the globe.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"Open Science","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Open Science opens up new ways in which research/\neducation/innovation are undertaken, archived and curated, \nand disseminated across the globe.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1449/c29","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/92fc1587b605443a","nativeRecordCid":"53fd9109-90a7-4d93-8444-14ab4e1206c1","documentId":"osft-doc-1449","id":"c29","text":"Open Science is not about dogma.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"Open Science","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Open Science is not \nabout dogma per se; it is about greater efficiency and \nproductivity, more transparency and a better response to \ninterdisciplinary research needs.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1449/c30","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/35f9798f3440493d","nativeRecordCid":"22bf0e86-1b9c-4d61-815b-453fb550c61b","documentId":"osft-doc-1449","id":"c30","text":"Open Science is about greater efficiency and productivity.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"Open Science","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Open Science is not \nabout dogma per se; it is about greater efficiency and \nproductivity, more transparency and a better response to \ninterdisciplinary research needs.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1449/c31","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/d3629581ae82411e","nativeRecordCid":"61e50631-5f17-4ff3-8bf6-e3f005dfa84c","documentId":"osft-doc-1449","id":"c31","text":"Open Science is about more transparency.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"Open Science","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Open Science is not \nabout dogma per se; it is about greater efficiency and \nproductivity, more transparency and a better response to \ninterdisciplinary research needs.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1449/c32","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/4df3db85c5ae4d34","nativeRecordCid":"8d492c5c-e564-497d-ab96-022a9044083f","documentId":"osft-doc-1449","id":"c32","text":"Open Science is about a better response to interdisciplinary research needs.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"Open Science","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Open Science is not \nabout dogma per se; it is about greater efficiency and \nproductivity, more transparency and a better response to \ninterdisciplinary research needs.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1449/c33","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/ce8cbdc979f74870","nativeRecordCid":"9aba7233-fbf2-4c13-a652-c71ded5acee8","documentId":"osft-doc-1449","id":"c33","text":"Open Science can have a profound impact on universities.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"Open Science","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"All this can have a profound impact on universities because, to deliver Open \nScience, both universities and university researchers should \ndevelop new perspectives.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1449/c34","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/a83361c0a1ad4081","nativeRecordCid":"64e7084e-cc37-4ac5-9dc8-93dae1c128b9","documentId":"osft-doc-1449","id":"c34","text":"Universities and university researchers should develop new perspectives to deliver Open Science.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"universities and university researchers","subject":"universities and university researchers","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"All this can have a profound impact on universities because, to deliver Open \nScience, both universities and university researchers should \ndevelop new perspectives.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1449/c35","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/0fd2aa39fa264f0f","nativeRecordCid":"19010537-fd0b-4ee6-8926-3f4044ebeb1b","documentId":"osft-doc-1449","id":"c35","text":"Universities and researchers must embrace cultural change in the way they work, plan and operate in order to embrace Open Science.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"universities and researchers","subject":"universities and researchers","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"To embrace Open Science, universities and researchers need \nto embrace cultural change in the way they work, plan and \noperate.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1449/c36","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/1ae457a3cfa3479a","nativeRecordCid":"7a41e387-30ef-4afc-9b54-946cc9b5978b","documentId":"osft-doc-1449","id":"c36","text":"Open Science identifies which processes in a research or education workflow would be better performed if they were open.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"Open Science","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Open Science looks at all aspects of the workflow in, say, research or education and identifies which processes would \nbe better performed if they were Open.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1449/c37","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/0f2a575dabfb43a5","nativeRecordCid":"f1945bbe-3258-45af-bd64-012dd45db8f7","documentId":"osft-doc-1449","id":"c37","text":"An open approach to writing an article or book may include making the resulting output available as an Open Access output under an appropriate licence, ideally a Creative Commons licence.","kind":"normative","modality":"may","actor":"authors","subject":"open approach to writing outputs","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"1. Make the resulting output, book or article, available as an Open Access output under an appropriate licence, ideally \none of the Creative Commons licences.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1449/c38","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/d71861824a37464a","nativeRecordCid":"7183e867-e940-4306-a727-9cd47f17ac56","documentId":"osft-doc-1449","id":"c38","text":"An open approach to writing an article or book may include making the underlying research data used in the publication available as an open dataset so that the conclusions can be checked and verified.","kind":"normative","modality":"may","actor":"authors","subject":"open approach to writing outputs","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"2. Make the underlying research data, certainly the data used in the publication, available as an open dataset so that the \nconclusions reached in the publication can be checked and verified.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1449/c39","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/d9de83222f734db4","nativeRecordCid":"ca820852-e89e-4d4b-8c28-993ab9fb2e90","documentId":"osft-doc-1449","id":"c39","text":"An open approach to writing an article or book may include making the research software used for analysis available so that the research is reproducible.","kind":"normative","modality":"may","actor":"authors","subject":"open approach to writing outputs","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"3. Make the research software, used for analysis, available so that the research is reproducible.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1449/c40","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/3d895345adfb45cc","nativeRecordCid":"ad255299-142a-415e-9e82-ade4b1c4e98a","documentId":"osft-doc-1449","id":"c40","text":"An open approach to writing an article or book may include making the underlying research data available during the course of the research.","kind":"normative","modality":"may","actor":"authors","subject":"open approach to writing outputs","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"4. During the course of the research, consider making both the underlying research data and the publication available, \nthe latter perhaps as a Green Open Access pre-print in a subject or institutional repository at each stage of the editing \nand review cycle prior to publication.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1449/c41","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/b4db0fbeb8874a16","nativeRecordCid":"d65c2214-62eb-4ecb-9d57-e3c3846a5a4f","documentId":"osft-doc-1449","id":"c41","text":"An open approach to writing an article or book may include making the publication available as a Green Open Access pre-print in a subject or institutional repository at each stage of the editing and review cycle prior to publication.","kind":"normative","modality":"may","actor":"authors","subject":"open approach to writing outputs","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"4. During the course of the research, consider making both the underlying research data and the publication available, \nthe latter perhaps as a Green Open Access pre-print in a subject or institutional repository at each stage of the editing \nand review cycle prior to publication.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1449/c42","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/b20c145c425b4c31","nativeRecordCid":"98ce579c-9051-44b4-b96e-57a3279d5952","documentId":"osft-doc-1449","id":"c42","text":"Making both underlying research data and the publication available during the course of research may not always be possible.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"open approach to writing outputs","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"5. Of course, the activity in step 4 may not always be possible.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1449/c43","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/408629f055064e0c","nativeRecordCid":"33038361-2227-41f3-998f-b0e31b425334","documentId":"osft-doc-1449","id":"c43","text":"Even when data and publications cannot be made available during the course of research, the actual processed data used in each publication could be made available as an open dataset.","kind":"normative","modality":"may","actor":"authors","subject":"processed research data","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"However, even in these \ncases, the actual processed data used in each publication could be made available as an open dataset.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1449/c44","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/d1a1d9d8529f41c7","nativeRecordCid":"ae577eab-6ab7-4fd1-80b3-0c36781ecdf0","documentId":"osft-doc-1449","id":"c44","text":"In publishing and opening up supporting research data, standard identifiers and processes should be used to help discoverability and re-use of open outputs.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"authors","subject":"standard identifiers and processes","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"In the publication and opening up of the supporting research data, it is highly desirable that a number of standard \nidentifiers/processes be used to help discoverability and re-use of open outputs","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1449/c45","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/2a7dc4c5619546c0","nativeRecordCid":"445ae19c-c07a-44eb-8b91-a3d48fbdc7c5","documentId":"osft-doc-1449","id":"c45","text":"The visibility of research outputs increases once they are made open.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"open research outputs","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"1. The visibility of all research outputs will be increased once they are open.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1449/c46","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/12cda3d697a9420e","nativeRecordCid":"c75178d6-e497-4fe2-a869-b057c5ce785c","documentId":"osft-doc-1449","id":"c46","text":"Increased visibility of open research outputs leads to a citation advantage because users who can easily download open versions of outputs will cite these versions as everyone with an Internet connection has access.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"open research outputs","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"This should lead to a citation advantage, \nas users who can easily download open versions of outputs will cite these versions as everyone with an Internet \nconnection will have access","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1449/c47","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/12d641755cc04ed0","nativeRecordCid":"c0f5220f-8ed8-4a88-9085-5da8e263d56c","documentId":"osft-doc-1449","id":"c47","text":"Making the underlying research data and methodology available allows individual users to replicate the results of the original authors.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"open research data and methodology","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"2. Making the underlying research data and methodology available allows individual users to replicate the results of the \noriginal authors, and to spot any errors/slips.","representedInStars":true}
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{"key":"osft-doc-1449/c56","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/00c9dc2a1954469d","nativeRecordCid":"e3f9c2ba-cb62-4303-8962-49a828230dbe","documentId":"osft-doc-1449","id":"c56","text":"The use of recognised identifiers and processes rewards all stakeholders in the research process.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"recognised identifiers and processes","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"It rewards all stakeholders in the research process and enriches the research landscape \nas a result","representedInStars":false}
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{"key":"osft-doc-1449/c58","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/87497bf6dc064c39","nativeRecordCid":"f8a9b835-8624-4063-86ab-a93f7f9cf8de","documentId":"osft-doc-1449","id":"c58","text":"Universities should align their assessment, reward and evaluation systems with Open Science developments.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"universities","subject":"university assessment, reward and evaluation systems","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"universities \nshould align their assessment, reward and evaluation systems \nwith Open Science developments.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1449/c59","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/04f611c40eb34b7e","nativeRecordCid":"e58b25ce-9b3d-43cc-a64a-96522bc737be","documentId":"osft-doc-1449","id":"c59","text":"The eight pillars of Open Science illustrate the broad scope of Open Science.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"the eight pillars of Open Science","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The eight pillars below \nillustrate the broad scope of Open Science and that multiple \ngroups within the university need to contribute towards \nimplementation.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1449/c60","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/1bbd07ccb62840e7","nativeRecordCid":"5bd8697c-7ede-4c45-b6b5-43ea049f1900","documentId":"osft-doc-1449","id":"c60","text":"Multiple groups within the university must contribute towards the implementation of Open Science.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"multiple groups within the university","subject":"groups within the university","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The eight pillars below \nillustrate the broad scope of Open Science and that multiple \ngroups within the university need to contribute towards \nimplementation.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1449/c61","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/5de34ce9571f4719","nativeRecordCid":"0a59d321-3e63-4a0b-a2bf-dd653e0c284c","documentId":"osft-doc-1449","id":"c61","text":"Implementation of Open Science is key.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"implementation of Open Science","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Implementation, indeed, is the key and \nneither the Commission nor university organisations can be \ncomplacent. The need now is for action, not words.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1449/c62","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/d7015e5854cb4227","nativeRecordCid":"4ea0e035-496b-409b-bde5-0b2c5feb47d2","documentId":"osft-doc-1449","id":"c62","text":"The European Commission and university organisations must not be complacent about implementing Open Science.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"the European Commission and university organisations","subject":"implementation of Open Science","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Implementation, indeed, is the key and \nneither the Commission nor university organisations can be \ncomplacent. The need now is for action, not words.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1449/c63","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/938b14c2b3d84659","nativeRecordCid":"949f0de6-d9c3-45a6-9b3e-6cbb81c5e0e3","documentId":"osft-doc-1449","id":"c63","text":"Action on implementing Open Science is needed now, not words.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"","subject":"implementation of Open Science","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Implementation, indeed, is the key and \nneither the Commission nor university organisations can be \ncomplacent. The need now is for action, not words.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1449/c64","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/ac39017d38f14fb0","nativeRecordCid":"4513ac0b-07af-4f68-bf60-7a0573ef75ac","documentId":"osft-doc-1449","id":"c64","text":"The role of research funders is particularly important in the transition to Open Science.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"research funders","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Particularly important is the role of research funders.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1449/c65","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/4f3e52c0d12049b8","nativeRecordCid":"10fc912b-a3ab-46c1-ac26-87edc46adb24","documentId":"osft-doc-1449","id":"c65","text":"Change towards Open Science must occur not only at universities but also at other stakeholders such as funders and policymakers.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"","subject":"stakeholders in Open Science transition","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"It formulates recommendations for universities and \nresearch institutions, but also for other stakeholders, such \nas funders and policymakers, because change is not only \nrequired at universities.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1449/c66","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/2f22a986d5014a3b","nativeRecordCid":"919829c0-6497-4a25-b154-2f53c0aa631f","documentId":"osft-doc-1449","id":"c66","text":"Research funders' decisions and policies are fundamental for creating the momentum towards openness.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"research funders","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Their decisions and policies are fundamental \nfor creating the momentum towards openness.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1449/c67","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/5e79a4e2384544dd","nativeRecordCid":"48c8e62c-823b-451b-8fda-795e763f4785","documentId":"osft-doc-1449","id":"c67","text":"All stakeholders must be committed to change for Open Science to become embedded.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"all stakeholders","subject":"all stakeholders","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"All stakeholders need to be committed to \nchange for Open Science to become embedded.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1449/c68","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/b1ede142aac74776","nativeRecordCid":"12e734d2-b041-4176-853f-34771b28f531","documentId":"osft-doc-1449","id":"c68","text":"Universities must adopt a holistic vision, working together to deliver a set of goals in a complex and evolving mix of themes and priorities, to successfully engage with Open Science.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"universities","subject":"institutional engagement with Open Science","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Successful engagement with Open Science \nrequires a holistic vision by the institution, \nworking together to deliver a set of goals in a \ncomplex and evolving mix of themes and priori-\nties, to which all members can commit","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1449/c69","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/8e28e7789a8b43fb","nativeRecordCid":"0438e51b-612e-42a7-a924-30dc3f8ce587","documentId":"osft-doc-1449","id":"c69","text":"Open Science represents challenges for research performing organisations such as universities.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"Open Science","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"For research performing organisations such as universities, \nOpen Science represents both challenges but also significant \nopportunities.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1449/c70","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/08e9116c5a164f2c","nativeRecordCid":"6a880d64-5ef2-401b-8d44-586dfb0dcc33","documentId":"osft-doc-1449","id":"c70","text":"Open Science represents significant opportunities for research performing organisations such as universities.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"Open Science","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"For research performing organisations such as universities, \nOpen Science represents both challenges but also significant \nopportunities.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1449/c71","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/84f52dd764f242b4","nativeRecordCid":"abca7244-ec7a-4ff5-af03-e049ccf0c7db","documentId":"osft-doc-1449","id":"c71","text":"Universities must take into account academic, administrative and cultural issues in engaging with Open Science.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"universities","subject":"academic, administrative and cultural issues","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Academic, administrative and cultural issues need to be \ntaken into account.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1449/c72","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/bbf319575f7c441b","nativeRecordCid":"af7618f9-7b4a-41f2-9cae-07fe16306a7b","documentId":"osft-doc-1449","id":"c72","text":"Universities should identify the goals they wish to achieve and the methods by which success can be delivered in engaging with Open Science.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"universities","subject":"institutional Open Science goals","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"It is important that universities identify the \ngoals they wish to achieve and the methods by which \nsuccess can be delivered.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1449/c73","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/0ae16aca8247420f","nativeRecordCid":"48a044d0-ba1a-416c-98a1-227a3de377a7","documentId":"osft-doc-1449","id":"c73","text":"Costs to the institution are a key concern in engaging with Open Science.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"institutional costs","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"A key concern will be costs to the institution.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1449/c74","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/02f62843bb1d4d81","nativeRecordCid":"8edf9c66-ebf5-4c33-ae17-5d9c109b5d99","documentId":"osft-doc-1449","id":"c74","text":"Universities are well placed to undertake a series of actions to engage with Open Science.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"universities","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Universities are well placed to undertake a series of actions","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1449/c75","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/6b9797f0a86f4b2e","nativeRecordCid":"cc2e55e2-1fb1-4c0b-a7ac-8aa71cb79f78","documentId":"osft-doc-1449","id":"c75","text":"Policy development is crucial for universities embracing Open Science.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"universities","subject":"policy development for Open Science","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Policy development is crucial and the university can draw \nup either a single policy covering the various areas of Open \nScience;","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1449/c76","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/a0f6d54f27954f45","nativeRecordCid":"a5560ca8-c885-4d69-9236-39a642fba19b","documentId":"osft-doc-1449","id":"c76","text":"Universities might need individual policies in each of the eight areas of Open Science.","kind":"normative","modality":"may","actor":"universities","subject":"individual policies for Open Science areas","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Individual policies might be needed in each of the \neight areas of Open Science outlined in this paper.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1449/c77","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/ad176949c3754b2c","nativeRecordCid":"c4fc5002-08e6-4279-a097-992b628ad747","documentId":"osft-doc-1449","id":"c77","text":"Many universities already have policy statements in the area of Open Access.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"universities' Open Access policy statements","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"for example \nin the area of Open Access where many universities already \nhave such statements.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1449/c78","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/45892bda1c7e4cd2","nativeRecordCid":"deae3fed-5780-4446-b0b1-2056707048b5","documentId":"osft-doc-1449","id":"c78","text":"The principles of the San Francisco Declaration on Research Assessment and the Leiden Manifesto provide a useful framework for universities developing bibliometrics policies.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"DORA and Leiden Manifesto principles","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"the \nprinciples of the San Francisco Declaration on Research \nAssessment (DORA)14 and the Leiden Manifesto 15  provide \na useful framework for universities developing such policies.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1449/c79","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/2d07713e26844303","nativeRecordCid":"dfecc4f7-6c49-4f84-b096-8cffa97a493c","documentId":"osft-doc-1449","id":"c79","text":"Universities may wish to nominate an individual at a senior level to be Open Science Coordinator.","kind":"normative","modality":"may","actor":"universities","subject":"appointing Open Science Coordinator","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Some universities may wish to nominate an \nindividual at a senior level to be Open Science Coordinator.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1449/c80","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/80b3bba292b7414a","nativeRecordCid":"2913e2a2-dfa3-4acf-9937-08d6bb0ecf83","documentId":"osft-doc-1449","id":"c80","text":"In some countries, university Open Science coordinators could work with national coordinators for Open Science.","kind":"normative","modality":"may","actor":"Open Science coordinators","subject":"coordination with national Open Science coordinators","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"In some countries, such coordinators could work with national \ncoordinators for Open Science.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1449/c81","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/50e36597192448dd","nativeRecordCid":"6f71010e-e30b-47b4-889f-361a14d65531","documentId":"osft-doc-1449","id":"c81","text":"Governance at university level may be conducted by means of a pan-university committee working with the Open Science coordinator.","kind":"normative","modality":"may","actor":"universities","subject":"governance via pan-university committee","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Governance at university level may well be conducted by \nmeans of a pan-university committee, working with the \nOpen Science coordinator.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1449/c82","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/7fb7019d153e4a95","nativeRecordCid":"cfbfc41b-7d9a-4ef7-9972-355de649244f","documentId":"osft-doc-1449","id":"c82","text":"A university equivalent of the European Commission's Open Science Policy Platform can be used to study all component parts of the Open Science agenda from the point of view of policy development, strategy and implementation.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"university equivalent of Open Science Policy Platform","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"A university equivalent of the \nEuropean Commission’s Open Science Policy Platform is \na vehicle by which all the component parts of the Open \nScience agenda can be studied from the point of view of \npolicy development, strategy and implementation.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1449/c83","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/0912463ae7954fe8","nativeRecordCid":"6b82ecde-c491-4de7-aedc-e31c994b2bf7","documentId":"osft-doc-1449","id":"c83","text":"Policy development and governance are an important part of a university's activities in the area of Open Science.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"policy development and governance","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Policy development and governance are an important part of \na university’s activities in the area of Open Science.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1449/c84","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/e9bd17645c034695","nativeRecordCid":"145e3522-9d2e-45ff-aaf1-4fe433bcdcee","documentId":"osft-doc-1449","id":"c84","text":"The university should work in partnership with members of staff in a mutually supportive dialogue and series of actions to deliver the cultural change required to embrace Open Science approaches in the institution.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"university","subject":"partnership with staff for cultural change","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Here the university should work in partnership with \nmembers of staff in a mutually supportive dialogue and \nseries of actions which will together deliver the cultural \nchange required to embrace Open Science approaches in \nthe institution.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1449/c85","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/12afa39136fd4a79","nativeRecordCid":"11fa1bf8-341d-4094-b76c-5a4486866c33","documentId":"osft-doc-1449","id":"c85","text":"Policy development and governance by themselves will not deliver the change in culture which Open Science requires.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"policy development and governance","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"However, by themselves they will not deliver the change \nin culture which Open Science requires.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1449/c86","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/726a987d21cf4979","nativeRecordCid":"12c7ba26-d154-49d9-976d-0a603b7c4bfe","documentId":"osft-doc-1449","id":"c86","text":"The European Commission has identified eight component parts of Open Science.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"European Commission's Open Science framework","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The European \nCommission has identified eight component parts of Open \nScience, but universities may feel that there are additional \nareas that should be catered for.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1449/c87","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/cf34ea5de9054daf","nativeRecordCid":"81f16f8c-d049-4434-8c54-b4d5bc058902","documentId":"osft-doc-1449","id":"c87","text":"Copyright regimes allied to Open Science principles are an area not explicitly treated in the European Commission's vision of Open Science.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"scope of European Commission's Open Science vision","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Copyright regimes allied \nto Open Science principles, infrastructure development, \nsustainable research software, open education, and artificial \nintelligence are examples of areas which are not explicitly \ntreated in the Commission’s vision.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1449/c88","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/d66bffaea4704363","nativeRecordCid":"08e3c23d-74f6-464f-aeb0-b4c1025085b3","documentId":"osft-doc-1449","id":"c88","text":"Infrastructure development is an area not explicitly treated in the European Commission's vision of Open Science.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"scope of European Commission's Open Science vision","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Copyright regimes allied \nto Open Science principles, infrastructure development, \nsustainable research software, open education, and artificial \nintelligence are examples of areas which are not explicitly \ntreated in the Commission’s vision.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1449/c89","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/77d0b8f7822442cb","nativeRecordCid":"4959da2f-dfa3-4950-8283-13b6deed3a31","documentId":"osft-doc-1449","id":"c89","text":"Sustainable research software is an area not explicitly treated in the European Commission's vision of Open Science.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"scope of European Commission's Open Science vision","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Copyright regimes allied \nto Open Science principles, infrastructure development, \nsustainable research software, open education, and artificial \nintelligence are examples of areas which are not explicitly \ntreated in the Commission’s vision.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1449/c90","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/097c589efabb4032","nativeRecordCid":"904fa87f-7349-45b8-9705-bf3ceb7981be","documentId":"osft-doc-1449","id":"c90","text":"Open education is an area not explicitly treated in the European Commission's vision of Open Science.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"scope of European Commission's Open Science vision","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Copyright regimes allied \nto Open Science principles, infrastructure development, \nsustainable research software, open education, and artificial \nintelligence are examples of areas which are not explicitly \ntreated in the Commission’s vision.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1449/c91","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/6870117a5d484faa","nativeRecordCid":"2a4631a9-4cd7-4f2e-afae-960332c4b3b0","documentId":"osft-doc-1449","id":"c91","text":"Artificial intelligence is an area not explicitly treated in the European Commission's vision of Open Science.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"scope of European Commission's Open Science vision","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Copyright regimes allied \nto Open Science principles, infrastructure development, \nsustainable research software, open education, and artificial \nintelligence are examples of areas which are not explicitly \ntreated in the Commission’s vision.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1449/c92","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/8fb0a5eddc6d497a","nativeRecordCid":"e3faee3e-0a1a-444a-a471-bea19534ad64","documentId":"osft-doc-1449","id":"c92","text":"Open Science is not a series of static issues but a complex mix of themes and topics yet to be identified.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"nature of Open Science","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Open Science is therefore \nnot a series of static issues, but a complex mix of themes and \ntopics yet to be identified.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1449/c93","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/766173a0668c42e7","nativeRecordCid":"9641db96-10cf-445d-9633-3350811b405a","documentId":"osft-doc-1449","id":"c93","text":"Universities need to ensure that they are fully informed on the potential impacts of Open Science as the concept develops.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"universities","subject":"staying informed on Open Science impacts","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Universities will need to ensure \nthat they are fully informed on the potential impacts of Open \nScience as the concept develops.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1449/c94","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/d290f9c4da5449a9","nativeRecordCid":"511ccc63-546a-47c6-a470-c8359ae00d98","documentId":"osft-doc-1449","id":"c94","text":"Embedding openness in the way universities, academics and students work requires a cultural change in the way each member of society operates.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"","subject":"embedding openness","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"To embed openness in the way universities, academics and \nstudents work requires a cultural change in the way each \nmember of Society operates.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1449/c95","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/029097b93faa4ed0","nativeRecordCid":"9d0867ae-dea6-4da9-bba5-930150f449aa","documentId":"osft-doc-1449","id":"c95","text":"Cultural change can be delivered in part by the development of policies, strategies and the evaluation of work and outputs against open criteria.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"cultural change delivery","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"In part, cultural change can be \ndelivered by the development of policies, strategies and the \nevaluation of work and outputs against open criteria.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1449/c96","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/51a9d962d7e04900","nativeRecordCid":"a01350f7-3235-4038-9c4b-8a9b9773eb96","documentId":"osft-doc-1449","id":"c96","text":"Universities need to be able to decide which mix of policy decisions, measures and ways to engage with stakeholders best fulfils their needs in view of the institutions' overall strategies and national or other agendas.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"universities","subject":"deciding policy mix","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Universities \nneed to be able to decide which mix of policy decisions, \nmeasures and ways to engage with stakeholders \nbest fulfils their needs in view of the institutions’ overall \nstrategies and national or other agendas.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1449/c97","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/580c24ef5c184b80","nativeRecordCid":"da67e883-132a-4b20-b5cd-57815efdd2b1","documentId":"osft-doc-1449","id":"c97","text":"Cultural change requires more than a series of actions.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"","subject":"cultural change","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"However, \ncultural change requires more than a series of actions.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1449/c98","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/faee01cb4bc742d6","nativeRecordCid":"927be42e-2e54-4b55-b632-a8cd4ae43d21","documentId":"osft-doc-1449","id":"c98","text":"Change can only take place where there is trust, collaboration and commitment to a shared vision for the future.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"","subject":"conditions for cultural change","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Change can only take place where there is trust, collaboration \nand commitment to a shared vision for the future.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1449/c99","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/1dc3fbecb87d453e","nativeRecordCid":"be315c84-9da4-4faf-af1e-d4b7197d0c41","documentId":"osft-doc-1449","id":"c99","text":"Achieving trust, collaboration and commitment to a shared vision is arguably a greater challenge than developing policies and evaluation criteria.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"difficulty of achieving shared vision vs policy development","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Arguably, \nthe latter is a greater challenge to achieve than the former.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1449/c100","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/dcbb25ee48414176","nativeRecordCid":"10abe757-3463-4127-9700-9c40cdeb1bd0","documentId":"osft-doc-1449","id":"c100","text":"One-size-fits-all solutions are in most cases inappropriate and unlikely to be successful.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"one-size-fits-all solutions","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"One-size-fits-all solutions are in most cases \ninappropriate and unlikely to be successful;","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1449/c101","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/911faf8289534200","nativeRecordCid":"584ec746-87e4-4f9a-95af-69a6618125d2","documentId":"osft-doc-1449","id":"c101","text":"Policy decisions, measures and ways to engage with stakeholders vary widely across Europe.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"variation of policy approaches across Europe","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Since these vary \nwidely across Europe, it is impossible to have identical \ngoals or measures across all universities, even within the \ngroup of LERU universities.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1449/c102","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/a57c621462654b1d","nativeRecordCid":"0d5ddda2-f828-4228-acd7-9c10d9697a48","documentId":"osft-doc-1449","id":"c102","text":"It is impossible to have identical goals or measures across all universities, even within the group of LERU universities.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"identical goals or measures across universities","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"it is impossible to have identical \ngoals or measures across all universities, even within the \ngroup of LERU universities.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1449/c103","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/cc6315396e9f45ac","nativeRecordCid":"19b84aec-4525-4b41-8c78-3887e77b3992","documentId":"osft-doc-1449","id":"c103","text":"There are areas where large groups of universities can work together on shared goals.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"collaboration among universities on shared goals","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"but \nthere will be areas where large groups can work together on \nshared goals.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1449/c104","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/1b7902832c784d9c","nativeRecordCid":"3ca1ac50-5ddc-435c-8ced-0ee1a1f40554","documentId":"osft-doc-1449","id":"c104","text":"The prevalence of copyright assignment to commercial publishers is a challenge in moving to an Open Science environment.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"copyright assignment to publishers","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"A first challenge is the prevalence of copyright assignment to \ncommercial publishers and weak copyright literacy amongst \nresearchers.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1449/c105","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/e232c15a07b24390","nativeRecordCid":"caccc40b-fd9e-4f66-9135-078960be0a80","documentId":"osft-doc-1449","id":"c105","text":"Weak copyright literacy amongst researchers is a challenge in moving to an Open Science environment.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"copyright literacy amongst researchers","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"A first challenge is the prevalence of copyright assignment to \ncommercial publishers and weak copyright literacy amongst \nresearchers.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1449/c106","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/ca7dd48a255f4441","nativeRecordCid":"45c6dd62-c065-4a6c-910a-fb557dc14e01","documentId":"osft-doc-1449","id":"c106","text":"A number of options have been developed to counter wholesale assignment of copyright to publishers.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"options to counter copyright assignment","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"A number of options have been developed \nto counter wholesale assignment to publishers.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1449/c107","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/421495327eb5421d","nativeRecordCid":"35e1d1be-2d97-4f0e-bca0-4eec21940b7e","documentId":"osft-doc-1449","id":"c107","text":"The UK Scholarly Communications Licence is an attempt to retain copyright for the academic while granting the publisher a non-exclusive licence to publish.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"UK Scholarly Communications Licence","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The UK \nScholarly Communications Licence 20, for example, is an \nattempt to retain copyright for the academic whilst granting \nthe publisher a non-exclusive licence to publish.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1449/c108","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/b511efc3fe2440a0","nativeRecordCid":"11ac5251-1983-41c4-b296-d3cb0530844b","documentId":"osft-doc-1449","id":"c108","text":"Not all publishers currently accept such a bold approach to copyright management.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"publishers' acceptance of copyright approaches","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"However, \nby no means do all publishers currently accept such a bold ","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1449/c109","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/7d3870b116c642c0","nativeRecordCid":"9e2c1d05-f1f7-4cb2-b1d6-348186faf2af","documentId":"osft-doc-1449","id":"c109","text":"The limitations that artistic authorship implies in research processes in art and design should be borne in mind.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"","subject":"limitations of artistic authorship in art and design research","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The limitations that \nartistic authorship implies in research processes in art and \ndesign should also be borne in mind.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1449/c110","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/2d4de5e2e37442ee","nativeRecordCid":"64d3bc69-c9e8-441e-b96a-173d8ccc28b5","documentId":"osft-doc-1449","id":"c110","text":"In some disciplines, such as artistic ones, it is not easy to fulfil the requirements of Open Access because research activities and results are far from the format of publications.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"difficulty fulfilling Open Access requirements","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"In some disciplines, \nsuch as artistic ones, it is not easy to fulfil the requirements of \nOpen Access because research activities and results are far \nfrom the format of  publications;","representedInStars":false}
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{"key":"osft-doc-1449/c112","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/4a522e3248424566","nativeRecordCid":"d53b8e98-f5eb-41a9-9abd-eee9ca0f85a3","documentId":"osft-doc-1449","id":"c112","text":"There are good reasons why patient data cannot be made generally available.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"patient data availability","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"With patient data, \nfor example, there are good reasons why such information cannot \nbe made generally available.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1449/c113","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/506b8b5e9d994e12","nativeRecordCid":"86ca2329-2b42-4919-afa9-6355e2707da9","documentId":"osft-doc-1449","id":"c113","text":"Research activities and results in some disciplines may comprise complex outputs or formats challenging copyright and openness.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"complex research outputs challenging copyright and openness","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"they may comprise complex \noutputs or formats challenging copyright and openness.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1449/c114","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/a3db8a37a6f74fd3","nativeRecordCid":"8ecc1d2c-b0db-4eb1-80a6-e7f28f8bf83f","documentId":"osft-doc-1449","id":"c114","text":"There are costs involved in developing Open Science approaches, particularly in terms of constructing local infrastructure to deliver Open Science solutions.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"costs of developing Open Science approaches","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Second, there are costs involved in developing Open \nScience approaches, particularly in terms of constructing \nlocal infrastructure to deliver Open Science solutions.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1449/c115","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/3659de4afaf74d0a","nativeRecordCid":"1e3d47a5-0711-4b0a-aa3e-2eb66489b4a1","documentId":"osft-doc-1449","id":"c115","text":"Developments to construct local infrastructure for Open Science have to be funded.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"","subject":"funding for Open Science infrastructure developments","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"and such developments have to be funded.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1449/c116","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/aaf96d2c15a64bb2","nativeRecordCid":"70f25aed-82a4-4d13-a2fb-06e5ad820555","documentId":"osft-doc-1449","id":"c116","text":"Not everything can be open.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"limits of openness","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Third, not everything can be open.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1449/c117","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/c83feb775f1643fe","nativeRecordCid":"5e61d844-4db0-473e-acce-7ee1b8df056a","documentId":"osft-doc-1449","id":"c117","text":"There are good reasons why information that would endanger national security cannot be made generally available.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"national security information availability","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The same is true of information \nwhich would endanger national security.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1449/c118","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/0fd7c681a5bc46b9","nativeRecordCid":"f3ca80f4-406d-4423-a8df-ac06749c5f7d","documentId":"osft-doc-1449","id":"c118","text":"Openness is not a panacea which will cure all the ills in society.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"limits of openness as a solution","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Openness is not a \npanacea which will cure all the ills in Society.","representedInStars":false}
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{"key":"osft-doc-1449/c121","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/8ffb2117c28a432a","nativeRecordCid":"a6644a09-bf97-4813-ba1b-2b3fc4e5018e","documentId":"osft-doc-1449","id":"c121","text":"Finding agreement on metrics will be a slow task.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"agreement on research metrics","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Finding agreement on metrics, and agreeing \nnew models for evaluation, will be a slow task.","representedInStars":false}
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{"key":"osft-doc-1449/c124","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/a5dd470a78584dda","nativeRecordCid":"dcb8dedf-2acf-4ae6-a825-cc688be0edfc","documentId":"osft-doc-1449","id":"c124","text":"In a time of transition, it is inevitable that there will be leaders and followers in the move to openness.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"leaders and followers in transition to openness","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"In a time of transition, therefore, it \nis inevitable that there will be leaders and followers.","representedInStars":false}
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{"key":"osft-doc-1449/c126","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/99fc04463dd64424","nativeRecordCid":"48f560ba-b6df-4cee-b4ee-c96913c985c2","documentId":"osft-doc-1449","id":"c126","text":"Europe must be a generous partner where it leads in Open Science so that others will follow.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"Europe","subject":"Europe's role as a leader in Open Science","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"must accept that where it leads, it must be a generous \npartner so that others will follow.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1449/c127","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/58925aabab5142cc","nativeRecordCid":"13f32818-e7ca-4f3b-ba28-a623a08adf7b","documentId":"osft-doc-1449","id":"c127","text":"It is important for Europe that all stakeholders start the journey to embrace Open Science principles, policies and practices.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"stakeholders","subject":"starting the journey to embrace Open Science","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Sixth, related to this, it is important for Europe that all \nstakeholders start the journey to embrace Open Science \nprinciples, policies and practices.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1449/c128","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/923b537ef7144ebf","nativeRecordCid":"df0fc029-3b25-4bd8-b03a-6fd9c294e8d7","documentId":"osft-doc-1449","id":"c128","text":"Getting everyone moving together will be a significant task.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"coordinating stakeholders towards Open Science","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Getting everyone moving \ntogether will be a significant task.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1449/c129","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/5425efee9b8f4f14","nativeRecordCid":"0eeb360f-1524-4127-9bd2-b68cab124398","documentId":"osft-doc-1449","id":"c129","text":"There are real dangers in trying to introduce new practices without carrying the academic community with the leaders of those changes.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"risks of introducing new practices without community buy-in","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"There are real \ndangers in trying to introduce new practices without \ncarrying the academic community with the leaders of those \nchanges.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1449/c130","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/d8fbb4babfeb4fe7","nativeRecordCid":"82cdcd78-ab82-4715-b4fd-173edf0de2f6","documentId":"osft-doc-1449","id":"c130","text":"The change of culture required to move to Open Science activity is perhaps the most challenging factor among the challenges of moving to Open Science.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"cultural change as a challenge","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Seventh, and perhaps most challenging, is the change of \nculture required to move to Open Science activity.","representedInStars":false}
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{"key":"osft-doc-1449/c132","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/1ce561c8301b47f9","nativeRecordCid":"8b7769d5-fba8-4299-97fe-1914dec64bcf","documentId":"osft-doc-1449","id":"c132","text":"Culture does not change overnight.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"pace of cultural change","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Culture does not change overnight and so a parallel \nprogramme of change management needs to accompany \nand support any move to Open Science principles and \npractices.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1449/c133","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/9a9d5ae9f6db44e2","nativeRecordCid":"198d62e4-ebd4-46a8-b5ef-f2c89ebbb6d5","documentId":"osft-doc-1449","id":"c133","text":"A parallel programme of change management needs to accompany and support any move to Open Science principles and practices.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"","subject":"change management programme","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Culture does not change overnight and so a parallel \nprogramme of change management needs to accompany \nand support any move to Open Science principles and \npractices.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1449/c134","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/20c9d183782346f1","nativeRecordCid":"73a499a6-0439-4402-b123-6291c63ee322","documentId":"osft-doc-1449","id":"c134","text":"Open Science is not simply a blueprint which can be introduced in a mechanistic way into institutions.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"nature of Open Science implementation","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"It would be wrong to \nthink that Open Science is simply a blueprint which can be \nintroduced in a mechanistic way into institutions.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1449/c135","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/c0b41a34cacc4479","nativeRecordCid":"6094d9d1-5249-4a11-a4e2-659b7a26355b","documentId":"osft-doc-1449","id":"c135","text":"Scholarship is a complex system.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"scholarship","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Scholarship is a complex system.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1449/c136","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/98bddc13a74648c3","nativeRecordCid":"53c23993-207e-444b-acea-98f1a2ae90bf","documentId":"osft-doc-1449","id":"c136","text":"Open Science increases the complexity of scholarship by explicitly increasing the number of relevant players to include a wider public, new technology and service providers and their investors, and a broader inclusion of the users of research, alongside traditional players.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"Open Science's effect on scholarship's complexity","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Open Science increases \nthat complexity by explicitly increasing the number of relevant \nplayers to include a wider public, new technology and service \nproviders (and their investors), and a broader inclusion of the \nusers of research, alongside traditional players.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1449/c137","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/6671d920d0a749d7","nativeRecordCid":"e9663540-f716-4c2f-8ad7-42da9915df1c","documentId":"osft-doc-1449","id":"c137","text":"The transition to Open Science affects all stakeholders in the academic process, including universities, researchers, teachers, students, academic support staff, research funders, academic publishers and policy makers.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"stakeholders affected by transition to Open Science","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The transition \nto Open Science affects all stakeholders in the academic \nprocess – universities, researchers, teachers, students, \nacademic support staff, research funders, academic \npublishers and policy makers.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1449/c138","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/acadcbf51dd34547","nativeRecordCid":"b162c08e-38d0-48d6-bae3-ee5a4e4bc6ce","documentId":"osft-doc-1449","id":"c138","text":"Universities should appoint a senior manager to lead Open Science approaches across all eight pillars of the Open Science debate identified by the European Commission.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"universities","subject":"appointing senior manager for Open Science","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"1. Appoint a senior manager to lead Open Science \napproaches across all eight pillars of the Open Science \ndebate identified by the European Commission.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1449/c139","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/12505a58f5aa48b1","nativeRecordCid":"7a5fd80d-1055-4330-b290-ab45dbbd1861","documentId":"osft-doc-1449","id":"c139","text":"Universities should develop a programme of cultural change, which is necessary to support the changes in principle and practice which Open Science brings.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"universities","subject":"developing a programme of cultural change","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"2.  Develop a programme of cultural change, which is \nnecessary to support the changes in principle and \npractice which Open Science brings.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1449/c140","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/062613078c6c4024","nativeRecordCid":"daa2d53e-6bbe-44c3-b128-9b20b08663f8","documentId":"osft-doc-1449","id":"c140","text":"Open Access means resulting materials are available for sharing and re-use, ideally supported by an appropriate licence such as Creative Commons.","kind":"definitional","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"definition of Open Access","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"and where \nresulting materials are available for sharing and re-use, \nideally supported by the appropriate licence (such as \nCreative Commons).","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1449/c141","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/423800e19e8846f5","nativeRecordCid":"fbb18a37-e030-43fc-b799-f901747e3c7d","documentId":"osft-doc-1449","id":"c141","text":"The research landscape has changed a good deal since the foundation of The Royal Society.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"changes in the research landscape","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The research landscape has changed a good deal since \nthe foundation of The Royal Society.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1449/c142","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/0b2cf1c3598c4239","nativeRecordCid":"18931576-b5a4-4c0b-9225-005725e738f5","documentId":"osft-doc-1449","id":"c142","text":"Open Access means outputs are freely available without the requirement to pay subscriptions.","kind":"definitional","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"definition of Open Access","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"where outputs are \nfreely available without the requirement to pay subscriptions;","representedInStars":true}
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{"key":"osft-doc-1449/c144","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/15f086fa06ba4583","nativeRecordCid":"b19936bb-8728-4032-a46f-7caca90f8e58","documentId":"osft-doc-1449","id":"c144","text":"Several academic disciplines in the humanities see Open Access as an issue for science, technology and medicine.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"humanities disciplines' view of Open Access","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"This view is echoed in several academic \ndisciplines in the humanities, which see Open Access as an \nissue for science, technology and medicine.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1449/c145","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/fb1dab2de87c4252","nativeRecordCid":"5067d002-4b8d-48bf-870e-4dd62c3cce2b","documentId":"osft-doc-1449","id":"c145","text":"Some academic disciplines in the humanities have reservations on some forms of Open Access licensing.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"humanities disciplines' reservations on Open Access licensing","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"They also have \nreservations on some forms of Open Access licensing.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1449/c146","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/3a4c94a9259d479a","nativeRecordCid":"1c78c0b5-9a80-4efa-9b2d-46c4ef9ea524","documentId":"osft-doc-1449","id":"c146","text":"Some Humanities scholars would only feel comfortable with the most restrictive form of Creative Commons licence, CC-BY-NC-ND.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"Humanities scholars' comfort with Creative Commons licences","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"In \nthe Creative Commons suite of licences, for example, some \nHumanities scholars would only feel comfortable with the \nmost restrictive form of CC licence – CC-BY-NC-ND.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1449/c147","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/21dc879bd6874b4e","nativeRecordCid":"2ff616f5-bf17-4bdc-9b9f-ce291765ebf9","documentId":"osft-doc-1449","id":"c147","text":"This inaccessibility has to be accounted for as documentation of the event.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"","subject":"documenting inaccessible exhibitions","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"This has to be accounted for as documentation of the event,","representedInStars":false}
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{"key":"osft-doc-1449/c149","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/c19d154b605a44da","nativeRecordCid":"044acd36-1b77-4b01-a0db-392adb665272","documentId":"osft-doc-1449","id":"c149","text":"Exhibitions that constitute or partly constitute the publication of art- or design-based research can be considered Open Access if they are presented in public institutions and announced accordingly.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"exhibitions as Open Access","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Exhibitions that constitute, or partly \nconstitute, the publication of art- or design-based research \ncan be considered Open Access if they are presented in \npublic institutions, and announced accordingly.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1449/c150","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/aa14a3f210dc4867","nativeRecordCid":"d032e935-92f9-48f7-a166-891a1ad098b4","documentId":"osft-doc-1449","id":"c150","text":"Documentation can be reflected in new forms of measurement for impact.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"documentation and impact measurement","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Such documentation can be reflected in terms of new forms \nof measurement for impact:","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1449/c151","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/c4f2d2547d594350","nativeRecordCid":"91a3d672-782f-4e60-8249-f48093eb3bff","documentId":"osft-doc-1449","id":"c151","text":"Such exhibitions are not accessible for research audiences without physical proximity to the presentations or exhibitions.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"accessibility of art/design research exhibitions","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"However, \nthey are not accessible for (research) audiences without \nphysical proximity to the presentations/exhibitions.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1449/c152","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/703490ff562f4d77","nativeRecordCid":"462c7a97-5d07-4915-b604-f745e4ae967a","documentId":"osft-doc-1449","id":"c152","text":"Documentation of such an event can be made public and openly accessible in wider contexts and electronically distributed.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"documentation of exhibitions","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"and this \ncan be made public and openly accessible in wider contexts, \nand electronically distributed.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1449/c153","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/fef46aaf84314c0b","nativeRecordCid":"e317e493-2022-4428-b1a3-409d64455aa0","documentId":"osft-doc-1449","id":"c153","text":"LERU has made a number of important contributions in the area of Open Access.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"LERU's contributions to Open Access","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"LERU has made a number of important contributions in this area.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1449/c154","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/81f46b993a7d4dda","nativeRecordCid":"2f9d3f1e-6992-4089-b83d-58514535c22d","documentId":"osft-doc-1449","id":"c154","text":"The quality of such documented shows does not show in the number of documented shows but perhaps in evaluations of those shows, including public critique in journals, mass media, and social media.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"quality measurement of documented shows","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"the quality does not show in \nthe number of such documented shows, but perhaps in \nevaluations of those shows, including public critique in \njournals or mass media, perhaps also in forms of social media.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1449/c155","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/b362f028a1a5413d","nativeRecordCid":"4de51f71-b43f-4169-8291-7d9ed9085678","documentId":"osft-doc-1449","id":"c155","text":"The LERU Roadmap towards Open Access gave guidance on how to embrace Open Access at an institutional level.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"LERU Roadmap towards Open Access","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"In 2011, it published The LERU \nRoadmap towards Open Access  (LERU, 2011) which gave \nguidance on how to embrace Open Access at an institutional \nlevel.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1449/c156","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/00e73f6de842417e","nativeRecordCid":"ad866c66-a331-4d37-92d4-a87e28747161","documentId":"osft-doc-1449","id":"c156","text":"Research funding should go to research, not to publishers.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"","subject":"allocation of research funding","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"‘Research funding should go to research, not to publishers!’ \n(LERU, 2016).","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1449/c157","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/0074ae6a46aa41d1","nativeRecordCid":"0f2bf371-03a2-43ef-9f2c-59698c48768b","documentId":"osft-doc-1449","id":"c157","text":"If the current commercial publishing model cannot be adapted to full Open Access publishing, new publishing models need to be identified that will deliver full affordable Open Access.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"","subject":"new publishing models","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"If that is the case, new publishing models need to be identified which will \ndeliver full affordable Open Access.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1449/c158","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/f679492ff1f742c5","nativeRecordCid":"37fd742e-e9ae-4193-86bd-b5b9fd246b79","documentId":"osft-doc-1449","id":"c158","text":"The UK's transition to full Open Access has clearly not worked.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"UK transition to full Open Access","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"That \ntransition has clearly not worked and the reason is financial.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1449/c159","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/040310eaefed4422","nativeRecordCid":"edaaf0ce-427b-4015-a5f6-c82109810357","documentId":"osft-doc-1449","id":"c159","text":"The reason the UK's transition to full Open Access has not worked is financial.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"UK transition to full Open Access","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"That \ntransition has clearly not worked and the reason is financial.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1449/c160","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/4ecba755a29e4d6e","nativeRecordCid":"576bf4e5-3a4a-4767-9ab2-e714b61f1f0a","documentId":"osft-doc-1449","id":"c160","text":"For a productive institution, the average APC cost will increase its publishing costs above the current cost of accessing these resources through subscriptions.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"APC costs for productive institutions","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The average cost of an APC paid by a British university \nis £1700 and, for a productive institution, this average will \nincrease its publishing costs above the current cost of \naccessing these resources through subscriptions.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1449/c161","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/9ae98b2f725c4685","nativeRecordCid":"e40ff817-b27c-4fe5-8194-08f50a1f013c","documentId":"osft-doc-1449","id":"c161","text":"The current commercial publishing model may not be adaptable to full Open Access publishing.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"commercial publishing model","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"It may well be that the current commercial publishing model \ncannot be adapted to full Open Access publishing.","representedInStars":false}
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{"key":"osft-doc-1449/c170","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/b535ea8f1daa470f","nativeRecordCid":"73799395-96c6-40b1-9ad7-9e32c2a9040c","documentId":"osft-doc-1449","id":"c170","text":"There are a number of options for introducing openness into educational outputs.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"openness in educational outputs","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"There are a number of options for introducing openness into \neducational outputs.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1449/c171","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/ca57faf8b3b24441","nativeRecordCid":"7d4ea61a-127a-48f2-b9f5-85eb06027842","documentId":"osft-doc-1449","id":"c171","text":"MOOCs and Open Educational Resources are common ways to make an entry into the Open Educational landscape.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"MOOCs and OERs","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"MOOCs (Massive Open Online Courses) \nand Open Educational Resources (OERs) are common ways \nto make an entry into the Open Educational landscape.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1449/c172","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/53a2cced8c45484d","nativeRecordCid":"a4668a8c-9dbc-4317-9fde-69c8d21a9e4b","documentId":"osft-doc-1449","id":"c172","text":"Journal publishing is a challenging area in which to deliver full Open Access.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"journal publishing","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"A \nchallenging area in which to deliver full Open Access is \nin the realm of journal publishing.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1449/c173","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/277d17c0d4d34947","nativeRecordCid":"8f3c452e-3480-4329-9a75-05cb0d547cd0","documentId":"osft-doc-1449","id":"c173","text":"A megajournal is a peer reviewed platform presenting scholarly content to a global audience.","kind":"definitional","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"megajournal","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"In essence, a \nmegajournal is a peer reviewed platform presenting scholarly \ncontent to a global audience.","representedInStars":false}
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{"key":"osft-doc-1449/c177","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/cfdb14ef43b34e5e","nativeRecordCid":"e8022fa7-613c-4c3c-9f49-c1e74830cc1e","documentId":"osft-doc-1449","id":"c177","text":"Megajournals have a fast turn-around between receiving a manuscript and publishing it.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"megajournals","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Fast turn-around between receiving a manuscript and \npublishing it","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1449/c178","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/90b1e60603634387","nativeRecordCid":"2155758a-c746-4ec9-a0ff-6485c9ff122a","documentId":"osft-doc-1449","id":"c178","text":"Megajournals facilitate inter-disciplinary and cross-disciplinary work.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"megajournals","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Megajournals facilitate inter-disciplinary and cross-\ndisciplinary work since they have a broad subject scope \nwhich covers a multiplicity of traditional disciplines","representedInStars":false}
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{"key":"osft-doc-1449/c180","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/23acb506960f4c47","nativeRecordCid":"b5f3a8cc-df2a-48c6-a53d-f2031e2d2e23","documentId":"osft-doc-1449","id":"c180","text":"Megajournals decrease the discoverability of work, because a journal name helps pinpoint an article within a discipline.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"megajournals","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Another problem with a megajournal is it decreases \nthe discoverability of work – a journal name helps pinpoint an \narticle within a discipline.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1449/c181","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/0e6147636acd49bc","nativeRecordCid":"222e0f68-0829-426b-90dc-9c72778d38b1","documentId":"osft-doc-1449","id":"c181","text":"There are a growing number of ways in which universities can take back publishing into the academic community and take on the role of publisher, using new publishing paradigms.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"universities and publishing","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Clearly, there are a growing number of ways in which universities can take back publishing into \nthe academic community and themselves take on the role of \npublisher, using new publishing paradigms.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1449/c182","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/77757a74a2404647","nativeRecordCid":"1d43725a-1b03-40d2-af72-a83e2ef54794","documentId":"osft-doc-1449","id":"c182","text":"Tackling the challenge of the number of megajournals could be achieved via collaboration.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"megajournal numbers","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"One way to tackle the challenge of numbers would be via \ncollaboration.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1449/c183","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/68143e7b742044c7","nativeRecordCid":"0ddbcc5b-2acd-4d96-8703-3ad0f616a388","documentId":"osft-doc-1449","id":"c183","text":"Universities may collaborate in producing megajournals.","kind":"normative","modality":"may","actor":"universities","subject":"megajournal production","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Universities could collaborate in producing \nmegajournals.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1449/c184","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/32c81b8274bf4453","nativeRecordCid":"976b9203-ce3c-4b78-8796-24d1afa5699f","documentId":"osft-doc-1449","id":"c184","text":"LERU may develop a megajournal platform where member universities could collaborate together over journal production.","kind":"normative","modality":"may","actor":"LERU","subject":"megajournal platform","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"LERU could develop a megajournal platform \nwhere member universities could collaborate together over \njournal production.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1449/c185","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/b0328d97785943e7","nativeRecordCid":"81cd0586-f809-4d77-90d3-b47e2438b45b","documentId":"osft-doc-1449","id":"c185","text":"Retaining the traditional notion of a journal 'title' while making the outputs open is a model for journal production.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"journal production models","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Another model for journal production \nis to retain the traditional notion of a journal ‘title’, but to \nmake the outputs open.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1449/c186","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/d568e5ce74b84963","nativeRecordCid":"92ab47b2-e526-4d81-888d-c74572695c25","documentId":"osft-doc-1449","id":"c186","text":"The role of research funders in supporting and fostering the transition to Open Access and new publishing models is key.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"research funders","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The role of research funders in supporting and fostering the \ntransition to Open Access and new publishing models is key.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1449/c187","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/82605cc88ce346bf","nativeRecordCid":"3707e096-a0e8-4028-94af-cf7e206d73dd","documentId":"osft-doc-1449","id":"c187","text":"The current rules of Horizon 2020 in relation to Open Access and research data are expected to continue in Horizon Europe.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"Horizon 2020/Horizon Europe rules","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"we expect the current rules of Horizon \n2020 in relation to Open Access and research data to continue \nin Horizon Europe","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1449/c188","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/89bf568f33904565","nativeRecordCid":"91dfa4d3-2af8-46c9-8c0d-68f558f7af85","documentId":"osft-doc-1449","id":"c188","text":"The Horizon 2020 Research and Innovation programme has strict rules about the need for funded research outputs to be Open Access.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"Horizon 2020 programme","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The Horizon 2020 Research and Innovation programme has \nstrict rules about the need for funded research outputs to be \nOpen Access.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1449/c189","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/d6383be3ed6047b6","nativeRecordCid":"4ee29154-7605-4614-82ce-71db4fc71ca8","documentId":"osft-doc-1449","id":"c189","text":"Under Horizon 2020, each beneficiary must ensure Open Access to all peer-reviewed scientific publications relating to its results.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"Horizon 2020 beneficiaries","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"under Horizon 2020, each beneficiary must ensure Open \nAccess to all peer-reviewed scientific publications relating \nto its results (European Commission, 2017a).","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1449/c190","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/7aa97f69f68c4a6a","nativeRecordCid":"b2f8030a-d39a-4474-97c8-7d1c9bf75f44","documentId":"osft-doc-1449","id":"c190","text":"Similar arrangements to Horizon 2020's Open Access rules are expected for the Horizon Europe programme.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"Horizon Europe programme","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Similar \narrangements are expected for it successor, the Horizon \nEurope programme.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1449/c191","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/0dbed0d08b4d4065","nativeRecordCid":"d2529355-8541-4e17-9a30-dc001f3a023e","documentId":"osft-doc-1449","id":"c191","text":"Horizon Europe will be regarded as an intervention to help the transition towards Open Science.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"Horizon Europe programme","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Horizon Europe will be regarded as \nan intervention to help the transition towards Open Science","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1449/c192","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/c53c39fe1dd440cc","nativeRecordCid":"76e26395-f989-48dc-8b1f-b8a70d782bec","documentId":"osft-doc-1449","id":"c192","text":"Open Science will become even more important in general.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"Open Science","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"in general Open Science will become even \nmore important.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1449/c193","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/61a85b80bd954c27","nativeRecordCid":"d39d8ae0-6ed0-4e56-a937-4302d0874c0d","documentId":"osft-doc-1449","id":"c193","text":"Universities should have institutional mandates to support the move to full Open Access, whose implementation can be monitored regularly.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"universities","subject":"institutional mandates for Open Access","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"1.  Have institutional mandates to support the move to full \nOpen Access, whose implementation can be monitored \nregularly.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1449/c194","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/6a8210534e7d400c","nativeRecordCid":"9df47994-441f-4455-b330-96ba02fcc19b","documentId":"osft-doc-1449","id":"c194","text":"The focus of research performing institutions has shifted to research data.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"research performing institutions","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"However, now the focus has shifted to research data \nbecause publications are already being shared in institutional \nrepositories and open access journals, and research data is \nseen as the needed element to validate and reproduce research \noutcomes.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1449/c195","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/2dd083f10e934c94","nativeRecordCid":"3b6759e8-6d0e-47a5-bbe2-1b9f00b25dd1","documentId":"osft-doc-1449","id":"c195","text":"Publications are already being shared in institutional repositories and open access journals.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"publications","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"However, now the focus has shifted to research data \nbecause publications are already being shared in institutional \nrepositories and open access journals, and research data is \nseen as the needed element to validate and reproduce research \noutcomes.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1449/c196","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/b44528673da64641","nativeRecordCid":"f01d5940-2a47-425c-bd6a-8d4905982f01","documentId":"osft-doc-1449","id":"c196","text":"Research data is seen as the needed element to validate and reproduce research outcomes.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"research data","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"However, now the focus has shifted to research data \nbecause publications are already being shared in institutional \nrepositories and open access journals, and research data is \nseen as the needed element to validate and reproduce research \noutcomes.","representedInStars":true}
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{"key":"osft-doc-1449/c227","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/5e6b3fc1ecce4178","nativeRecordCid":"a410e4aa-1cd5-45fb-963b-e8604a46aa71","documentId":"osft-doc-1449","id":"c227","text":"Research data should be accessible when shared.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"","subject":"research data","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"and these are the features that \nresearch data should possess when shared.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1449/c228","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/0476baccdaa34ad0","nativeRecordCid":"cda40c1c-a89b-40f7-be4e-36bfc9ef43b1","documentId":"osft-doc-1449","id":"c228","text":"Research data should be interoperable when shared.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"","subject":"research data","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"and these are the features that \nresearch data should possess when shared.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1449/c229","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/fd97022c93644274","nativeRecordCid":"2505e76a-ace3-4cb9-99ce-80d1cfcf2e6c","documentId":"osft-doc-1449","id":"c229","text":"Research data should be reusable when shared.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"","subject":"research data","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"and these are the features that \nresearch data should possess when shared.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1449/c230","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/1458c99e69694f60","nativeRecordCid":"4b175b6f-4783-4b8e-b10a-648a1978450e","documentId":"osft-doc-1449","id":"c230","text":"Research performing institutions must foster the adoption of the FAIR principles among their researchers when sharing data.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"research performing institutions","subject":"FAIR principles adoption","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Research performing institutions must therefore foster the \nadoption of these FAIR principles among their researchers \nwhen sharing data and extend them to any other research \noutput.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1449/c231","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/35e6cf12f7494c41","nativeRecordCid":"67faac77-358a-4761-88b6-347f724b3f3f","documentId":"osft-doc-1449","id":"c231","text":"Research performing institutions must extend the FAIR principles to any other research output.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"research performing institutions","subject":"FAIR principles adoption","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Research performing institutions must therefore foster the \nadoption of these FAIR principles among their researchers \nwhen sharing data and extend them to any other research \noutput.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1449/c232","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/a1fa4c0375d746f2","nativeRecordCid":"663429ee-6c70-4757-829e-6d57c262ec04","documentId":"osft-doc-1449","id":"c232","text":"Fostering the adoption of FAIR principles should be undertaken in partnership with others, where appropriate.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"research performing institutions","subject":"FAIR principles adoption","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"This is an activity best undertaken in partnership with \nothers, where appropriate.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1449/c233","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/e1b90a830cdd4e0e","nativeRecordCid":"bcd6c53e-3bc2-4540-a095-991b92bc2386","documentId":"osft-doc-1449","id":"c233","text":"There are challenges in adopting FAIR principles as a mandatory requirement, not least the disciplinary differences that exist between subject areas.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"FAIR principles adoption challenges","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"There are challenges in adopting \nsuch a position, not least the disciplinary differences that \nexist between subject areas.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1449/c234","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/dbcede9162e94feb","nativeRecordCid":"ae9ae01f-aedf-415c-b93f-de2ac9656aa4","documentId":"osft-doc-1449","id":"c234","text":"We should be sensitive to disciplinary differences in research practice, particularly during the transition period to full Open Science practices.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"","subject":"disciplinary differences in research practice","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"We should be sensitive to such \ndisciplinary differences in research practice, particularly whilst \nwe are in a transition period to full Open Science practices.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1449/c235","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/5ee44357d84e4f42","nativeRecordCid":"2c954023-7f78-4145-8d49-06c932382552","documentId":"osft-doc-1449","id":"c235","text":"The requirement for FAIR data brings with it a need for universities, research funders and other stakeholders to understand what FAIR means in each subject area.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"universities, research funders and other stakeholders","subject":"understanding FAIR by subject area","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The requirement for FAIR data brings with it a \nneed for universities, research funders and other stakeholders \nto understand what FAIR means in each subject area.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1449/c236","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/7141d0d23f90423c","nativeRecordCid":"475e204a-18b3-4657-a1cc-b6a0ff9870af","documentId":"osft-doc-1449","id":"c236","text":"Universities should adopt or update an institutional policy on research data management, embracing the FAIR principles and based on an 'as open as possible, as closed as necessary' philosophy.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"universities","subject":"institutional RDM policy","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"1.  Adopt or update an institutional policy on research \ndata management –ideally modelled on the template \nproduced by LEARN 43- embracing the FAIR principles \nand based on an  ‘as open as possible, as closed as \nnecessary’ philosophy, and that they establish a dedicated \ncommittee on research data management to monitor the \nimplementation and uptake of such a policy.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1449/c237","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/569eca08960c4c84","nativeRecordCid":"8710fffd-fcc1-46b6-b8d7-ece919b5eb47","documentId":"osft-doc-1449","id":"c237","text":"Universities should establish a dedicated committee on research data management to monitor the implementation and uptake of their research data management policy.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"universities","subject":"RDM committee","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"1.  Adopt or update an institutional policy on research \ndata management –ideally modelled on the template \nproduced by LEARN 43- embracing the FAIR principles \nand based on an  ‘as open as possible, as closed as \nnecessary’ philosophy, and that they establish a dedicated \ncommittee on research data management to monitor the \nimplementation and uptake of such a policy.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1449/c238","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/2b09bea6616f46b4","nativeRecordCid":"07eb279e-ec5b-4766-b8d1-e82b1cc9b797","documentId":"osft-doc-1449","id":"c238","text":"Universities should design and establish services for data stewardship.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"universities","subject":"data stewardship services","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"2.  Design and establish services for data stewardship, provide \nresearchers with suitable infrastructures, and identify funding \nand resources to archive and to publish data.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1449/c239","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/405c6915dc4b4db4","nativeRecordCid":"fb357964-568b-4551-8912-12654fd528ee","documentId":"osft-doc-1449","id":"c239","text":"Universities should provide researchers with suitable infrastructures for data stewardship.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"universities","subject":"data infrastructures","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"2.  Design and establish services for data stewardship, provide \nresearchers with suitable infrastructures, and identify funding \nand resources to archive and to publish data.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1449/c240","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/08ff721900e14f8d","nativeRecordCid":"5eaf7baf-a720-4903-845d-0bc60fe0b521","documentId":"osft-doc-1449","id":"c240","text":"Universities should identify funding and resources to archive and to publish data.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"universities","subject":"funding for data archiving and publishing","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"2.  Design and establish services for data stewardship, provide \nresearchers with suitable infrastructures, and identify funding \nand resources to archive and to publish data.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1449/c241","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/25797bf60e424ad4","nativeRecordCid":"948c7c0f-5a5c-427a-a1bb-e372a92c518a","documentId":"osft-doc-1449","id":"c241","text":"Universities should create a catalogue of where researchers have published or stored data, as is currently done with publications.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"universities","subject":"catalogue of published data","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"3.  Create a catalogue of where researchers have published \ndata (or stored if  not available for any reason)  as is \ncurrently done with publications, and consider  how to use \nthis information in any research assessment or evaluation \n(cf. recommendations on rewards).","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1449/c242","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/e39e352458994ef7","nativeRecordCid":"e886e8c3-7d27-43d1-8c51-36eeda230c7a","documentId":"osft-doc-1449","id":"c242","text":"Universities should consider how to use information about where researchers have published data in any research assessment or evaluation.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"universities","subject":"data publication information in assessment","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"3.  Create a catalogue of where researchers have published \ndata (or stored if  not available for any reason)  as is \ncurrently done with publications, and consider  how to use \nthis information in any research assessment or evaluation \n(cf. recommendations on rewards).","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1449/c243","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/24a45bae12ad425e","nativeRecordCid":"cf567bbd-03a1-496a-b6b8-3d10dd0183ff","documentId":"osft-doc-1449","id":"c243","text":"Universities should provide free access to metadata in order to facilitate the discovery of data for which access must be restricted because of privacy, security, or confidentiality issues.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"universities","subject":"free access to metadata","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"4.  Provide free access to metadata in order to facilitate the \ndiscovery of data for which access must be restricted \nbecause of privacy, security, or confidentiality issues, making \nsure such  metadata fulfill the FAIR principles, and establish \na grade of accessibility to those restricted research data.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1449/c244","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/78ed24c72cc94143","nativeRecordCid":"34b3de57-a229-46aa-8797-442c4e9d0c49","documentId":"osft-doc-1449","id":"c244","text":"Universities should ensure that metadata for restricted research data fulfil the FAIR principles.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"universities","subject":"metadata for restricted data","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"4.  Provide free access to metadata in order to facilitate the \ndiscovery of data for which access must be restricted \nbecause of privacy, security, or confidentiality issues, making \nsure such  metadata fulfill the FAIR principles, and establish \na grade of accessibility to those restricted research data.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1449/c245","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/a85135e14a034481","nativeRecordCid":"eee31fbe-42f2-4d01-be82-831d646ad9e6","documentId":"osft-doc-1449","id":"c245","text":"Universities should establish a grade of accessibility to restricted research data.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"universities","subject":"accessibility grades for restricted data","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"4.  Provide free access to metadata in order to facilitate the \ndiscovery of data for which access must be restricted \nbecause of privacy, security, or confidentiality issues, making \nsure such  metadata fulfill the FAIR principles, and establish \na grade of accessibility to those restricted research data.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1449/c246","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/da2ec1aff8e243db","nativeRecordCid":"67052982-4a7d-4a61-b252-fd1116ef072f","documentId":"osft-doc-1449","id":"c246","text":"Universities should establish training sessions on research data management at all levels, starting from students.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"universities","subject":"RDM training","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"5.  Establish training sessions on research data management \nat all levels, starting from students (cf. recommendations \non education and skills).","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1449/c247","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/0a8aa685c3f84572","nativeRecordCid":"4c7e4ecb-c879-4b8f-95bc-e43236ba0166","documentId":"osft-doc-1449","id":"c247","text":"Universities should work together with local, national or international activities on research data management.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"universities","subject":"collaboration on RDM activities","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"6.  Work together with any local, national or international \nactivities, using for instance Research Data Alliance \nnational groups45  or the Digital Curation Centre´s Data \nManagement Tool.46","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1449/c248","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/bc71e942d4e147e9","nativeRecordCid":"72aac676-b066-4694-b29e-4633f6409b98","documentId":"osft-doc-1449","id":"c248","text":"The European Open Science Cloud is a major component of the European Commission's concept of Open Science.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"European Open Science Cloud","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The European Open Science Cloud is a major component \nof the European Commission’s concept of Open Science.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1449/c249","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/c34fadc4c7764abc","nativeRecordCid":"7e862c91-23aa-428c-ac7b-64fbd456bed4","documentId":"osft-doc-1449","id":"c249","text":"The EOSC pilot's mission includes facilitating access of researchers across all scientific disciplines to data.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"EOSC pilot's mission","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"which has as its mission:48 \n• Facilitating access of researchers across all scientific \ndisciplines to data\n• Establishing a governance and business model that sets \nthe rules for the use of EOSC\n• Creating a cross-border and multi-disciplinary open \ninnovation environment for research data, knowledge and \nservices\n• Establishing global standards for interoperability for \nscientific data","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1449/c250","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/fc643c33e9764101","nativeRecordCid":"fda11731-3cc6-437f-8948-69d2ac962a29","documentId":"osft-doc-1449","id":"c250","text":"The EOSC pilot's mission includes establishing a governance and business model that sets the rules for the use of EOSC.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"EOSC pilot's mission","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"which has as its mission:48 \n• Facilitating access of researchers across all scientific \ndisciplines to data\n• Establishing a governance and business model that sets \nthe rules for the use of EOSC\n• Creating a cross-border and multi-disciplinary open \ninnovation environment for research data, knowledge and \nservices\n• Establishing global standards for interoperability for \nscientific data","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1449/c251","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/7db722d79248474f","nativeRecordCid":"0addedef-6710-4eb0-a1a6-61096754d704","documentId":"osft-doc-1449","id":"c251","text":"The EOSC pilot's mission includes creating a cross-border and multi-disciplinary open innovation environment for research data, knowledge and services.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"EOSC pilot's mission","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"which has as its mission:48 \n• Facilitating access of researchers across all scientific \ndisciplines to data\n• Establishing a governance and business model that sets \nthe rules for the use of EOSC\n• Creating a cross-border and multi-disciplinary open \ninnovation environment for research data, knowledge and \nservices\n• Establishing global standards for interoperability for \nscientific data","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1449/c252","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/38ff02e150f54b41","nativeRecordCid":"4e7ba1c6-eb07-4796-86ce-b4eda6351749","documentId":"osft-doc-1449","id":"c252","text":"The EOSC pilot's mission includes establishing global standards for interoperability for scientific data.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"EOSC pilot's mission","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"which has as its mission:48 \n• Facilitating access of researchers across all scientific \ndisciplines to data\n• Establishing a governance and business model that sets \nthe rules for the use of EOSC\n• Creating a cross-border and multi-disciplinary open \ninnovation environment for research data, knowledge and \nservices\n• Establishing global standards for interoperability for \nscientific data","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1449/c253","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/84741608781f4fba","nativeRecordCid":"0195ce29-6588-4451-b82e-fb7f9d0b68e6","documentId":"osft-doc-1449","id":"c253","text":"The EOSC will not build a central infrastructure or data archive or repository.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"EOSC's infrastructure model","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"the \nEOSC will not build a central infrastructure or data archive \nor repository.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1449/c254","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/4f3282bd53f4457e","nativeRecordCid":"50f0f75c-e915-4fe9-928b-292649727a79","documentId":"osft-doc-1449","id":"c254","text":"The EOSC will link interoperable infrastructures where they exist.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"EOSC's infrastructure model","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Rather, it will link interoperable infrastructures \nwhere they exist.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1449/c255","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/9e7f6e48426e4023","nativeRecordCid":"980ffcb6-4fcf-4c70-9c56-9f9095d16270","documentId":"osft-doc-1449","id":"c255","text":"Countries, research organisations and universities must invest in interoperable infrastructures in order to engage with the EOSC as a pan-European development.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"countries, research organisations and universities","subject":"investment in infrastructure for EOSC engagement","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Countries, research organisations and \nuniversities must thus invest in such infrastructures in order \nto engage with the EOSC as a pan-European development.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1449/c256","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/bc9b0c3fd98b4ec7","nativeRecordCid":"575d6a79-05e0-4ffe-a9a6-7e704a62394b","documentId":"osft-doc-1449","id":"c256","text":"Cost is an important factor in developing the infrastructure needed to engage with the EOSC.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"cost of EOSC-related infrastructure","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Cost is an important factor in such developments.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1449/c257","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/0215640451f046f9","nativeRecordCid":"96dfe28c-41a7-4e2c-8865-a6a90d07d727","documentId":"osft-doc-1449","id":"c257","text":"The EOSC should develop a more customer-centric approach to stakeholder outreach, which would facilitate engagement with researchers, academic support staff and service providers at universities in the development of its services.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"the EOSC","subject":"EOSC's stakeholder outreach approach","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The EOSC should develop a more customer-centric approach to \nstakeholder outreach, which would facilitate engagement with \nresearchers, academic support staff and service providers at \nuniversities in the development of its services.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1449/c258","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/0c9e673df5dd4062","nativeRecordCid":"33d4973d-b7ce-4718-be8a-0fdbe7be61f1","documentId":"osft-doc-1449","id":"c258","text":"Universities either do not have all the necessary infrastructure in place or else do not disclose their costs.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"universities' infrastructure and cost disclosure","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"since universities either do not have all the \nnecessary infrastructure in place or else do not disclose their \ncosts.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1449/c259","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/fc707c7098a341ab","nativeRecordCid":"685e3111-d147-4443-9ae7-08f78a2dc5b2","documentId":"osft-doc-1449","id":"c259","text":"A more inclusive approach to the development of infrastructure projects financed by the European Commission would invite universities to share knowledge and experience.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"inclusive approach to EC-financed infrastructure projects","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"A more inclusive approach to the development of infrastructure projects \nfinanced by the European Commission would invite universities \nto share knowledge and experience.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1449/c260","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/b24b65ca7cc0492e","nativeRecordCid":"7306b2ad-61fc-4519-90eb-acc155c0dd54","documentId":"osft-doc-1449","id":"c260","text":"The European Commission is investing extensively in the EOSC.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"European Commission investment in EOSC","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The European Commission is investing extensively in the \nEOSC, but the services that are being developed are \nsometimes far removed from the day to day realities of \nall European researchers.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1449/c261","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/01e858db6aa34220","nativeRecordCid":"306c42ff-3f48-4151-8a1e-e34eabbf4995","documentId":"osft-doc-1449","id":"c261","text":"The services being developed for the EOSC are sometimes far removed from the day-to-day realities of all European researchers.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"EOSC services and researchers' realities","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The European Commission is investing extensively in the \nEOSC, but the services that are being developed are \nsometimes far removed from the day to day realities of \nall European researchers.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1449/c262","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/3b6bff46db5c4783","nativeRecordCid":"eece31cb-ec3a-4efe-b77a-2f779f767f2f","documentId":"osft-doc-1449","id":"c262","text":"The EOSC needs to embrace a more inclusive and practitioner-oriented approach to engage researchers, support staff and service providers at universities in the development of its services.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"the EOSC","subject":"EOSC's approach to stakeholder engagement","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The EOSC needs to embrace \na more inclusive and practitioner-oriented approach to \nengage researchers, support staff and service providers \nat universities in the development of its services.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1449/c263","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/032657ffedba48ce","nativeRecordCid":"5b4baa76-ad61-4ea1-8d82-1a7a245084a7","documentId":"osft-doc-1449","id":"c263","text":"It is sometimes a challenge for universities to engage with externally-developed products and services.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"universities engaging with externally-developed EOSC products/services","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"It is sometimes a challenge for universities to engage with \nsuch externally-developed products and services.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1449/c264","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/160852f92a864eca","nativeRecordCid":"115ee2e0-b392-48eb-8a48-f686e5009fac","documentId":"osft-doc-1449","id":"c264","text":"Collaboration between universities and the European Commission in the early stages of new developments would facilitate better alignment of the required support structures within universities to the EOSC requirements.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"early-stage collaboration on new EOSC developments","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Such collaboration in \nthe early stages of new developments would facilitate better \nalignment of the required support structures within universities \nto the EOSC requirements.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1449/c265","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/ccfb83e9a5014d68","nativeRecordCid":"6f01f0b7-48d9-4d3e-825e-6ff699ab0a20","documentId":"osft-doc-1449","id":"c265","text":"The EOSC Declaration builds in part on work which LERU has already undertaken in the field of research data management.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"EOSC Declaration's origins","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The EOSC Declaration builds in part on work which LERU has already undertaken in the field of research data \nmanagement.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1449/c266","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/3a5908b7a6d74f2f","nativeRecordCid":"4b046b38-c17f-4006-90fe-d2d85189e9fa","documentId":"osft-doc-1449","id":"c266","text":"The EOSC represents a major shift in the culture of how to share the outcomes and outputs of research and educational activity.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"EOSC's cultural significance","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The EOSC represents a major shift in the culture of how to \nshare the outcomes and outputs of research and educational \nactivity and has the potential to put Europe in a position of \nleadership in the global research environment.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1449/c267","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/c77f17ce7ae84433","nativeRecordCid":"d6229bd7-0f6b-4fe0-b687-de0f775344f3","documentId":"osft-doc-1449","id":"c267","text":"The EOSC has the potential to put Europe in a position of leadership in the global research environment.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"EOSC's potential for Europe's leadership","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The EOSC represents a major shift in the culture of how to \nshare the outcomes and outputs of research and educational \nactivity and has the potential to put Europe in a position of \nleadership in the global research environment.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1449/c268","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/1203feca1169491d","nativeRecordCid":"9abcb625-073b-498d-878b-44dca854893c","documentId":"osft-doc-1449","id":"c268","text":"All research data produced by European researchers should, where possible, be FAIR (Findable, Accessible, Interoperable and Reusable).","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"research data produced by European researchers","subject":"FAIR-ness of European research data","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Fundamental to realising the concept of EOSC is the requirement \nthat all research data produced by European researchers is, \nwhere possible, FAIR – Findable, Accessible, Interoperable and \nReusable.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1449/c269","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/7813a0cb8167444b","nativeRecordCid":"51c76ccc-0a23-42b4-99e5-b547f2046822","documentId":"osft-doc-1449","id":"c269","text":"The Go FAIR initiative follows a bottom-up open implementation strategy for the technical governance and funding needed to establish the first phase of the EOSC as part of a broader global Internet of FAIR data and services.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"Go FAIR initiative's strategy","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The Go FAIR 51  initiative follows a bottom-up open \nimplementation strategy for the technical governance and \nfunding needed to establish the first phase of the EOSC as \npart of a broader global Internet of FAIR data and services.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1449/c270","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/090f455f0c104d65","nativeRecordCid":"9a48e70d-70ec-4d01-8bba-a1295a28af27","documentId":"osft-doc-1449","id":"c270","text":"The activities of the GO FAIR initiative focus on FAIR data and services.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"GO FAIR initiative's activities","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The activities of the GO FAIR initiative focus on FAIR data and \nservices, technology, training and certification.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1449/c271","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/47c000d3c1a747ee","nativeRecordCid":"a032cbc5-8984-491e-a91e-47b2b3d16a42","documentId":"osft-doc-1449","id":"c271","text":"The activities of the GO FAIR initiative focus on technology.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"GO FAIR initiative's activities","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The activities of the GO FAIR initiative focus on FAIR data and \nservices, technology, training and certification.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1449/c272","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/ed5b8f64b4c6495c","nativeRecordCid":"175e6e9e-58b7-4cbe-b5b2-ad5cec3f85a9","documentId":"osft-doc-1449","id":"c272","text":"The activities of the GO FAIR initiative focus on training.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"GO FAIR initiative's activities","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The activities of the GO FAIR initiative focus on FAIR data and \nservices, technology, training and certification.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1449/c273","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/e7500c3e5c1743ff","nativeRecordCid":"c4d6bc56-90ef-4c93-b5b0-996f10120924","documentId":"osft-doc-1449","id":"c273","text":"The activities of the GO FAIR initiative focus on certification.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"GO FAIR initiative's activities","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The activities of the GO FAIR initiative focus on FAIR data and \nservices, technology, training and certification.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1449/c274","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/8e9e3839c71747c0","nativeRecordCid":"061b2498-f3e8-4732-9a98-85a2da05def6","documentId":"osft-doc-1449","id":"c274","text":"Universities should ensure institutional access to the requisite infrastructure, such as a locally-managed data repository where research data is available for sharing and reuse, or ensure that researchers understand where third-party storage solutions are available.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"universities","subject":"institutional access to research data infrastructure","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Ensure institutional access to the requisite infrastructure, \nsuch as a locally-managed data repository where \nresearch data is available for sharing and reuse, or that \nthey ensure researchers understand where third-party \nstorage solutions are available, which can themselves be \npart of the EOSC.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1449/c275","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/11c8178a864e4839","nativeRecordCid":"9055a867-ac8a-4659-9f2f-9a794af3a964","documentId":"osft-doc-1449","id":"c275","text":"Universities should provide a search and discovery service enabling users to find what research data is available and where it is located.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"universities","subject":"search and discovery service for research data","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Provide a search and discovery service, enabling users \nto find what research data is available and where it is \nlocated, as it is key to the wider use of such resources \nand, therefore, of the vision embodied in the EOSC.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1449/c276","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/b3d5e79a9e35481b","nativeRecordCid":"3ff79fc9-be69-43a7-ad80-f2a91445a47e","documentId":"osft-doc-1449","id":"c276","text":"Raising awareness about Open Science and its potential benefits is crucial to achieve the culture shift needed to open up universities to an Open Science culture.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"","subject":"raising awareness about Open Science","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Raising awareness about Open Science and its potential benefits and providing \nskills training in Open Science practices are crucial to achieve \nthe culture shift which is needed to open up universities to an \nOpen Science culture.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1449/c277","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/5ef52e4462614137","nativeRecordCid":"7f9b8e44-5134-4ac2-9fc7-c92340678e50","documentId":"osft-doc-1449","id":"c277","text":"Providing skills training in Open Science practices is crucial to achieve the culture shift needed to open up universities to an Open Science culture.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"","subject":"providing Open Science skills training","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Raising awareness about Open Science and its potential benefits and providing \nskills training in Open Science practices are crucial to achieve \nthe culture shift which is needed to open up universities to an \nOpen Science culture.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1449/c278","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/3ea6ff9b10574c2c","nativeRecordCid":"60723a9c-591b-4c6d-83dc-56c032539fd7","documentId":"osft-doc-1449","id":"c278","text":"Universities should develop their research data management offering so that it is aligned with the principles of engagement with the EOSC.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"universities","subject":"research data management offering alignment with EOSC","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Develop their research data management offering so that \nit is aligned with the principles of engagement with the \nEOSC, once the latter are agreed and available, and in \nthe expectation that the EOSC develops a more customer-\ncentric approach to stakeholder outreach, which would \nfacilitate engagement with researchers, academic \nsupport staff and service providers at universities in the \ndevelopment of its services.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1449/c279","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/6ba31f3b58064f64","nativeRecordCid":"ee462240-1514-4c77-a361-0905caf537df","documentId":"osft-doc-1449","id":"c279","text":"There is an evident need for skills training with regard to scholarly publishing.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"universities","subject":"skills training in scholarly publishing","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Clearly, there is an evident need for skills training with regard to scholarly publishing and research data management; those \nare the areas of Open Science in which universities tend \nto invest most at the moment.","representedInStars":false}
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{"key":"osft-doc-1449/c281","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/0bb5ad2b322046f4","nativeRecordCid":"5db5b919-7790-42eb-bb9d-30334eb3c4c6","documentId":"osft-doc-1449","id":"c281","text":"Universities tend to invest most in scholarly publishing and research data management as areas of Open Science skills training.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"universities' investment in Open Science skills training areas","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Clearly, there is an evident need for skills training with regard to scholarly publishing and research data management; those \nare the areas of Open Science in which universities tend \nto invest most at the moment.","representedInStars":false}
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{"key":"osft-doc-1449/c284","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/ee840fb0b2f04bb2","nativeRecordCid":"d4d1bed8-417b-4e9e-a401-16b610d6f433","documentId":"osft-doc-1449","id":"c284","text":"The organisation and all the people in it – students, researchers, teachers, support staff, management and leadership – need to understand the benefits of Open Science along its various dimensions.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"students, researchers, teachers, support staff, management and leadership","subject":"understanding benefits of Open Science","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"the organisation and all the people in it – \nstudents, researchers, teachers, support staff, management \nand leadership – need to understand the benefits of Open \nScience along its various dimensions.","representedInStars":false}
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{"key":"osft-doc-1449/c286","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/c7b4e83c74394a87","nativeRecordCid":"23f8a0aa-f125-4f56-8448-aaace77c2c2f","documentId":"osft-doc-1449","id":"c286","text":"Research management staff may benefit from Open Science training.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"research management staff's benefit from Open Science training","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Also teachers, research management staff, data scientists, data \nstewards, copyright officers, librarians and citizen scientists \nmay benefit from Open Science training, which needs to \nbe tailored to the needs of specific subgroups.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1449/c287","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/e48439d4129b4e75","nativeRecordCid":"397e37c7-dea0-4f69-b3e9-58d9f408d5fc","documentId":"osft-doc-1449","id":"c287","text":"Data scientists may benefit from Open Science training.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"data scientists' benefit from Open Science training","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Also teachers, research management staff, data scientists, data \nstewards, copyright officers, librarians and citizen scientists \nmay benefit from Open Science training, which needs to \nbe tailored to the needs of specific subgroups.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1449/c288","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/d68bcdf5fae64b8b","nativeRecordCid":"784b8ce2-eaa7-465a-9d3d-4a36bd6e8bb8","documentId":"osft-doc-1449","id":"c288","text":"Data stewards may benefit from Open Science training.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"data stewards' benefit from Open Science training","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Also teachers, research management staff, data scientists, data \nstewards, copyright officers, librarians and citizen scientists \nmay benefit from Open Science training, which needs to \nbe tailored to the needs of specific subgroups.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1449/c289","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/38d3046c0a424d80","nativeRecordCid":"5399e288-bc0d-47c3-b50a-bbf7954a0872","documentId":"osft-doc-1449","id":"c289","text":"Copyright officers may benefit from Open Science training.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"copyright officers' benefit from Open Science training","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Also teachers, research management staff, data scientists, data \nstewards, copyright officers, librarians and citizen scientists \nmay benefit from Open Science training, which needs to \nbe tailored to the needs of specific subgroups.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1449/c290","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/47960fa855ad492d","nativeRecordCid":"a0c2b3fb-ed9c-4bd0-8548-d5c5e1ecb02b","documentId":"osft-doc-1449","id":"c290","text":"Librarians may benefit from Open Science training.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"librarians' benefit from Open Science training","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Also teachers, research management staff, data scientists, data \nstewards, copyright officers, librarians and citizen scientists \nmay benefit from Open Science training, which needs to \nbe tailored to the needs of specific subgroups.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1449/c291","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/306b34397f2841a2","nativeRecordCid":"775c41f8-2351-4393-b7e6-9a760ea78b6f","documentId":"osft-doc-1449","id":"c291","text":"Citizen scientists may benefit from Open Science training.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"citizen scientists' benefit from Open Science training","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Also teachers, research management staff, data scientists, data \nstewards, copyright officers, librarians and citizen scientists \nmay benefit from Open Science training, which needs to \nbe tailored to the needs of specific subgroups.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1449/c292","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/c5e5fd341ee44c46","nativeRecordCid":"5e239921-8db7-49bb-9ce8-371ac82189d5","documentId":"osft-doc-1449","id":"c292","text":"Open Science training needs to be tailored to the needs of specific subgroups.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"","subject":"Open Science training tailoring","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Also teachers, research management staff, data scientists, data \nstewards, copyright officers, librarians and citizen scientists \nmay benefit from Open Science training, which needs to \nbe tailored to the needs of specific subgroups.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1449/c293","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/1818434cdb3f4c74","nativeRecordCid":"90e4b034-72f8-4af8-a011-80eb53e17b75","documentId":"osft-doc-1449","id":"c293","text":"Open Science skills training is beneficial to researchers at all career phases, from doctoral researchers to senior professors.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"Open Science skills training benefit to researchers","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Open Science skills training is beneficial to a variety of \naudiences at universities, such as researchers at all career \nphases (from doctoral researchers to senior professors (R1-\nR4), and students at the bachelor and masters’ levels.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1449/c294","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/17376d41affd47c1","nativeRecordCid":"12858cd3-a556-44ff-a42b-6de28d65fb75","documentId":"osft-doc-1449","id":"c294","text":"Open Science skills training is beneficial to students at the bachelor and master's levels.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"Open Science skills training benefit to students","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Open Science skills training is beneficial to a variety of \naudiences at universities, such as researchers at all career \nphases (from doctoral researchers to senior professors (R1-\nR4), and students at the bachelor and masters’ levels.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1449/c295","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/c5a7d6fc877a4ce4","nativeRecordCid":"5df16ce6-9376-42f6-84e7-397e04acd29e","documentId":"osft-doc-1449","id":"c295","text":"Formal training is almost always needed for Open Science skills.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"","subject":"formal Open Science skills training","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"While formal training is almost always needed, researchers can and do also acquire Open \nScience skills in informal training circumstances, on-the-job \nand at-the-research-bench.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1449/c296","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/44469d334b5b43ba","nativeRecordCid":"6eab523e-a374-411e-a57f-929ffc375582","documentId":"osft-doc-1449","id":"c296","text":"Researchers can and do also acquire Open Science skills in informal training circumstances, on-the-job and at-the-research-bench.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"researchers' informal acquisition of Open Science skills","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"While formal training is almost always needed, researchers can and do also acquire Open \nScience skills in informal training circumstances, on-the-job \nand at-the-research-bench.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1449/c297","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/704604a162104843","nativeRecordCid":"fbbb9811-a021-4a9d-9383-92b4f626a370","documentId":"osft-doc-1449","id":"c297","text":"How Open Science skills training is delivered should be considered carefully.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"universities","subject":"delivery of Open Science skills training","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"How training is delivered should be considered carefully, as \nit will vary according to needs, audiences and resources.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1449/c298","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/5c074e3bcb86498a","nativeRecordCid":"8942dcc2-ef50-4c76-a59d-52a28d2a002b","documentId":"osft-doc-1449","id":"c298","text":"The delivery of Open Science skills training varies according to needs, audiences and resources.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"delivery of Open Science skills training","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"How training is delivered should be considered carefully, as \nit will vary according to needs, audiences and resources.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1449/c299","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/3c9c12f61c584402","nativeRecordCid":"660522d6-7128-4a25-979f-4a6362097441","documentId":"osft-doc-1449","id":"c299","text":"Open Science skills may develop in different learning contexts, including in-person or distance, classroom, webinars, blended or not.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"learning contexts for Open Science skills","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Skills may develop in different learning contexts, including \nin-person or distance, classroom, webinars, blended or not.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1449/c300","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/1aaff3b3481048a7","nativeRecordCid":"2843b4f3-1c4d-4eef-960b-2cd6603106a1","documentId":"osft-doc-1449","id":"c300","text":"Universities develop and deliver some of their own Open Science training.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"universities' training delivery","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Universities develop and deliver (some of) their own training \nand often also work with external providers.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1449/c301","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/d651998e50694446","nativeRecordCid":"ba052d94-9bdf-480b-96d5-f05544ccf558","documentId":"osft-doc-1449","id":"c301","text":"Universities often also work with external providers to deliver Open Science training.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"universities' training delivery","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Universities develop and deliver (some of) their own training \nand often also work with external providers.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1449/c302","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/aa5fdc3bfbfa4880","nativeRecordCid":"2c7dfd88-51a1-4fbd-a277-7d1704140cbb","documentId":"osft-doc-1449","id":"c302","text":"Elements of Open Science skills training should be required.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"","subject":"requirement of Open Science skills training elements","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Elements of Open Science skills training should be required.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1449/c303","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/331feadfc9114c99","nativeRecordCid":"6e523e3f-359f-4d9d-a436-d9a420c9ed71","documentId":"osft-doc-1449","id":"c303","text":"Universities can use a variety of mechanisms to record and acknowledge Open Science training, such as credits and certificates of attendance.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"universities' mechanisms to record training","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Universities can use a variety of mechanisms to record \nand acknowledge the training (e.g. credits, certificates of \nattendance, etc.), so that one can demonstrate Open Science \ncompetencies as part of career development, appraisals \nor promotions.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1449/c304","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/875aa13885434185","nativeRecordCid":"95c98364-728e-421d-9d13-db5554f574cf","documentId":"osft-doc-1449","id":"c304","text":"Open Science skills training should be firmly embedded in online progress tools or similar study management and supervisory systems.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"","subject":"embedding Open Science skills training in progress tools","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Open Science \nskills training should be firmly embedded in this and should \nbe acknowledged in professional development and career \nprogression of all university staff.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1449/c305","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/03befa513c764fc0","nativeRecordCid":"572ea01c-d616-44ff-a017-9865379d34c1","documentId":"osft-doc-1449","id":"c305","text":"Open Science skills training should be acknowledged in professional development and career progression of all university staff.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"","subject":"acknowledgement of Open Science skills training","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Open Science \nskills training should be firmly embedded in this and should \nbe acknowledged in professional development and career \nprogression of all university staff.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1449/c306","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/9a55a68c08e64c1d","nativeRecordCid":"4894348a-1455-43a7-acf3-d13f95a6fc88","documentId":"osft-doc-1449","id":"c306","text":"Comprehensive universities are complex organizations with many faculties, units and services.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"comprehensive universities' organizational complexity","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Given that comprehensive universities are complex \norganizations with many faculties, units and services and \nthat they operate in a rich variety of national (and other) \ncontexts, the provision of skills training is generally also rich, \nvaried and distributed.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1449/c307","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/fa506234ae934514","nativeRecordCid":"2f894b86-d566-46aa-b526-4efd7ce5395f","documentId":"osft-doc-1449","id":"c307","text":"Universities operate in a rich variety of national and other contexts.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"universities' operating contexts","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Given that comprehensive universities are complex \norganizations with many faculties, units and services and \nthat they operate in a rich variety of national (and other) \ncontexts, the provision of skills training is generally also rich, \nvaried and distributed.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1449/c308","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/bc8ac2fc81b246d2","nativeRecordCid":"49495bfc-830b-404b-95ad-a45a583b1b03","documentId":"osft-doc-1449","id":"c308","text":"The provision of Open Science skills training is generally rich, varied and distributed.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"provision of Open Science skills training","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Given that comprehensive universities are complex \norganizations with many faculties, units and services and \nthat they operate in a rich variety of national (and other) \ncontexts, the provision of skills training is generally also rich, \nvaried and distributed.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1449/c309","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/9bf15ea93ef447d9","nativeRecordCid":"ca3e9bd3-859f-4020-b57b-17409909c389","documentId":"osft-doc-1449","id":"c309","text":"Broad dialogue and concerted efforts across the research community are needed for Open Science skills training.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"the research community","subject":"dialogue and concerted efforts on Open Science skills","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Broad dialogue and concerted efforts across the research \ncommunity will be needed, as has been suggested in \nthe Open Science skills working group report prepared for the \nOpen Science Policy Platform (O´Carroll, 2017b).","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1449/c310","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/caab54e3992c4e9a","nativeRecordCid":"ee890c6e-2b11-46e0-8690-52d2bdc26e45","documentId":"osft-doc-1449","id":"c310","text":"Elements of Open Science should also be given a place in pre-tertiary education, even with young school children.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"","subject":"pre-tertiary education","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Elements of Open Science should also be given a place in pre-tertiary education, even with young school children.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1449/c311","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/1bbd70e786974845","nativeRecordCid":"d43e9348-7050-450b-b268-8f42580c9996","documentId":"osft-doc-1449","id":"c311","text":"Mutual learning and exchange of good practice between universities at several levels are instrumental in working towards bringing about comparability and portability of Open Science skills training for mobile students and staff.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"mutual learning between universities","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Mutual learning and \nexchange of good practice between universities at several \nlevels (regional, national, European) are instrumental in \nworking towards bringing about comparability and portability \nof Open Science skills training for mobile students and staff.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1449/c312","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/d59ed0b80a204b7e","nativeRecordCid":"c04becd4-b44e-4ae7-8803-792481f8f7de","documentId":"osft-doc-1449","id":"c312","text":"A uniform or standardized approach to Open Science training at universities would be ineffective.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"uniform approach to Open Science training","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"LERU believes that to prescribe a uniform or standardized \napproach to Open Science training at universities would \nineffective and could even be counter-productive.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1449/c313","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/45fb8d1837794ed5","nativeRecordCid":"b09374d1-d452-4ff2-9e59-07c3ad0d79bd","documentId":"osft-doc-1449","id":"c313","text":"A uniform or standardized approach to Open Science training at universities could be counter-productive.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"uniform approach to Open Science training","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"LERU believes that to prescribe a uniform or standardized \napproach to Open Science training at universities would \nineffective and could even be counter-productive.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1449/c314","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/e013cdcccc3d4f6c","nativeRecordCid":"56d42aab-7e54-4473-b801-c84f1f3fb1ea","documentId":"osft-doc-1449","id":"c314","text":"Universities will need to take into account the actions and policies of other research stakeholders, including funders, publishers, governments and professional societies, in developing their approach to Open Science skills training.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"universities","subject":"accounting for other stakeholders' actions/policies","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"In developing this approach, universities will need to take into \naccount the actions and policies of other research stakeholders, \nincluding funders, publishers, governments, professional \nsocieties.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1449/c315","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/24d7b0c0790a43af","nativeRecordCid":"b5402ae8-1af8-404b-a8a3-cd293558d548","documentId":"osft-doc-1449","id":"c315","text":"Universities should integrate Open Science concepts, thinking, and its practical applications in educational and skills development programmes, analysing and mapping their needs for Open Science skills training.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"universities","subject":"integrating Open Science in educational programmes","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Integrate Open Science concepts, thinking, and its \npractical applications in educational and skills \ndevelopment programmes, analysing and mapping their \nneeds for Open Science skills training, taking into account \nthe different Open Science dimensions and the varying \nneeds of different audiences, different disciplines, etc.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1449/c316","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/ce3e91da076d4a75","nativeRecordCid":"769f2b8c-c83f-47d2-9c2d-763fd868560b","documentId":"osft-doc-1449","id":"c316","text":"Universities should encourage, incentivise, support and recognise staff and students with regard to Open Science skills development.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"universities","subject":"encouraging Open Science skills development","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Encourage, incentivise, support and recognise staff and \nstudents with regard to Open Science skills development.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1449/c317","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/a901f5f6c3ce4f6a","nativeRecordCid":"b223d295-3d7e-4ade-a572-0c516efbad00","documentId":"osft-doc-1449","id":"c317","text":"Universities should determine how to resource Open Science skills training in a sustainable manner.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"universities","subject":"resourcing Open Science skills training","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Determine how to resource Open Science skills training in \na sustainable manner.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1449/c318","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/58cfb39f537b4057","nativeRecordCid":"1a4a60cf-4576-4a9a-a74f-53092e5d06d3","documentId":"osft-doc-1449","id":"c318","text":"Universities should monitor the take-up and impact of Open Science skills training to determine progress towards its cultural integration in the institution.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"universities","subject":"monitoring Open Science skills training","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Monitor the take-up and impact of Open Science skills \ntraining to determine progress towards its cultural \nintegration in the institution.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1449/c319","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/29c3c8df45c54b39","nativeRecordCid":"6429dbd0-aab6-4a65-a813-676519bac052","documentId":"osft-doc-1449","id":"c319","text":"Researchers' efforts to adopt Open Science approaches should be incentivised, valued, professionally recognised and rewarded.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"","subject":"recognition and reward of Open Science efforts","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"It is only fair that such efforts should not only be \nincentivised and valued, but also and professionally recognised and rewarded.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1449/c320","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/a1ccafe389fd48db","nativeRecordCid":"32d39b84-a1e2-49af-ad3b-b772b2e04128","documentId":"osft-doc-1449","id":"c320","text":"Universities should explore innovative mechanisms and tools to provide Open Science skills training.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"universities","subject":"exploring mechanisms for Open Science skills training","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Explore innovative mechanisms and tools to provide \nOpen Science skills training, and engage with others \noutside the university to exchange good practice.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1449/c321","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/9afe939411bf405f","nativeRecordCid":"7e58a686-8aba-4c86-a02d-df813fb7101b","documentId":"osft-doc-1449","id":"c321","text":"Universities should engage with others outside the university to exchange good practice on Open Science skills training.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"universities","subject":"engaging outside the university for good practice","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Explore innovative mechanisms and tools to provide \nOpen Science skills training, and engage with others \noutside the university to exchange good practice.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1449/c322","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/9fae38b803dd438c","nativeRecordCid":"7769886e-253d-4387-9e46-b46410b6c4bd","documentId":"osft-doc-1449","id":"c322","text":"Appointment, promotion and advancement processes, and also funding processes, still have to catch up to Open Science.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"appointment, promotion and funding processes","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"In reality however, appointment, promotion and advancement \nprocesses (and also funding processes) still have to catch up \nto Open Science.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1449/c323","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/02d3eca1a0d0482f","nativeRecordCid":"ec066219-3983-492a-9cd0-814b6ca93a74","documentId":"osft-doc-1449","id":"c323","text":"Appointment, promotion, advancement and funding processes still tend to rely heavily on traditional and often quantitative measurements to evaluate researchers' performance.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"reliance on traditional quantitative measurements","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"They still tend to rely heavily on traditional and \noften quantitative measurements to evaluate researchers’ \nperformance, some of which are not fit-for-purpose, e.g. \njournal impact factors.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1449/c324","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/4edb9dd5ab294b7b","nativeRecordCid":"853291a2-04ce-43bb-abc8-3ee65d7e073a","documentId":"osft-doc-1449","id":"c324","text":"Some of the traditional quantitative measurements used to evaluate researchers' performance are not fit-for-purpose.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"traditional quantitative measurements' fitness","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"They still tend to rely heavily on traditional and \noften quantitative measurements to evaluate researchers’ \nperformance, some of which are not fit-for-purpose, e.g. \njournal impact factors.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1449/c325","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/dbcfd87d513d41c4","nativeRecordCid":"581ef860-4f62-438b-a6f1-968181adbd14","documentId":"osft-doc-1449","id":"c325","text":"Many researchers increasingly adopt Open Science approaches.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"researchers' adoption of Open Science approaches","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Many researchers increasingly or (more or less) routinely \nadopt Open Science approaches, thus ensuring that the \nbenefits which openness brings, such as the accessibility, \nreproducibility and transparency of research, are available to \nstudents, colleagues, and to society as a whole.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1449/c326","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/b7deab290e464b85","nativeRecordCid":"837366cb-f06a-4c23-88d9-6b20586e48ca","documentId":"osft-doc-1449","id":"c326","text":"Open Science approaches ensure that the benefits of openness, such as the accessibility, reproducibility and transparency of research, are available to students, colleagues, and society as a whole.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"Open Science approaches' benefits","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Many researchers increasingly or (more or less) routinely \nadopt Open Science approaches, thus ensuring that the \nbenefits which openness brings, such as the accessibility, \nreproducibility and transparency of research, are available to \nstudents, colleagues, and to society as a whole.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1449/c327","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/74a7f413c1fd4c87","nativeRecordCid":"301c8216-0645-4b59-be08-31de7837439d","documentId":"osft-doc-1449","id":"c327","text":"Alternative or next-generation metrics are, in theory, susceptible to the same pitfalls as traditional metrics.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"next-generation metrics' susceptibility to pitfalls","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"It is important to realise that alternative or next-generation metrics (e.g. \nAltmetric, Plumx, ImpactStory) are in theory susceptible to \nthe same pitfalls as traditional metrics, i.e.  they need to be \nscientifically grounded and handled sensibly, they can be \n“gamed”, “over-commercialised”, etc.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1449/c328","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/8990bc5382094fb3","nativeRecordCid":"d7d2ee6d-0169-43c6-8926-76861bd3a151","documentId":"osft-doc-1449","id":"c328","text":"Next-generation metrics need to be scientifically grounded and handled sensibly.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"","subject":"grounding of next-generation metrics","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"It is important to realise that alternative or next-generation metrics (e.g. \nAltmetric, Plumx, ImpactStory) are in theory susceptible to \nthe same pitfalls as traditional metrics, i.e.  they need to be \nscientifically grounded and handled sensibly, they can be \n“gamed”, “over-commercialised”, etc.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1449/c329","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/084f786fe3e24ea0","nativeRecordCid":"a80fd707-ef97-4e26-a132-9d8a7775d1ca","documentId":"osft-doc-1449","id":"c329","text":"Next-generation metrics can be \"gamed\".","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"next-generation metrics' vulnerability to gaming","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"It is important to realise that alternative or next-generation metrics (e.g. \nAltmetric, Plumx, ImpactStory) are in theory susceptible to \nthe same pitfalls as traditional metrics, i.e.  they need to be \nscientifically grounded and handled sensibly, they can be \n“gamed”, “over-commercialised”, etc.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1449/c330","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/074ccbdd40b9423f","nativeRecordCid":"5f8c9a27-6aca-4c9b-954f-f4a46a0f850d","documentId":"osft-doc-1449","id":"c330","text":"Next-generation metrics can be \"over-commercialised\".","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"next-generation metrics' commercialisation risk","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"It is important to realise that alternative or next-generation metrics (e.g. \nAltmetric, Plumx, ImpactStory) are in theory susceptible to \nthe same pitfalls as traditional metrics, i.e.  they need to be \nscientifically grounded and handled sensibly, they can be \n“gamed”, “over-commercialised”, etc.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1449/c331","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/e77d1c6b8e184bc2","nativeRecordCid":"6f4a9033-f5cf-4148-9652-09d299339aac","documentId":"osft-doc-1449","id":"c331","text":"The transition to Open Science should be aligned with a transition to assessing researchers' performance on a broader, multi-dimensional basis that includes research and Open Science activities as well as other professional achievements.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"","subject":"transition to broader multi-dimensional researcher assessment","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"To be successful, it should also be aligned with a transition to assessing \nresearchers’ performance on a broader, multi-dimensional \nbasis, which includes not only research and their Open \nScience activities but also a broader set of other professional \nachievements, ranging from educational engagement, to \nteamwork and collaboration, supervision of junior colleagues, \ninstitutional citizenship, service to the profession or to society \nat large, etc.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1449/c332","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/27b50eaa6a224b17","nativeRecordCid":"a5365b17-3096-40b6-9e76-de36cb1eedcf","documentId":"osft-doc-1449","id":"c332","text":"Both quantitative (metrics-informed) and qualitative (involving expert judgement) approaches to assessment are appropriate in science, whether open or closed.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"quantitative and qualitative assessment approaches","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"To be sure, both quantitative (metrics-\ninformed) and qualitative (involving expert judgement) \napproaches to assessment are appropriate in science (open \nor closed).","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1449/c333","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/ebc48801137f489b","nativeRecordCid":"84975e35-ac86-4987-bbbf-502d3edcc346","documentId":"osft-doc-1449","id":"c333","text":"Quantitative approaches to research assessment should support, not replace, qualitative approaches.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"","subject":"role of quantitative vs qualitative assessment","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"LERU views the role of the former to support, not \nto replace, the latter (LERU, 2012).","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1449/c334","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/2dff761d61e64fa7","nativeRecordCid":"e6a61e7d-f709-44f0-ba9c-b0ad1bf87db8","documentId":"osft-doc-1449","id":"c334","text":"A whole range of alternative or new metrics are developing, in response to Open Science and other drivers such as the societal impact agenda's focus on public engagement.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"alternative/new metrics development","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"With the rapid growth of Open Science, a whole range \nof alternative or new metrics are developing, not only in \nresponse to Open Science, but also as a result of other \ndrivers, such as the societal impact agenda with its focus \non public engagement (cf. citizen science).","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1449/c335","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/8173d980c30544d7","nativeRecordCid":"289091c7-87d9-4ca9-9541-29a1a2a111f6","documentId":"osft-doc-1449","id":"c335","text":"This part of the transition to Open Science is arguably one of the biggest challenges.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"difficulty of assessment transition","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Arguably, this part of the transition to Open \nScience is one of the biggest challenges and requires a profound shift in \nthe minds and hearts of people and institutions, not only \nuniversities but also governments and funders.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1449/c336","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/59f1d2f91e7d4b91","nativeRecordCid":"2cf2382a-5191-4737-81f7-0f7db4f9bc29","documentId":"osft-doc-1449","id":"c336","text":"This part of the transition to Open Science requires a profound shift in the minds and hearts of people and institutions, including universities, governments and funders.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"universities, governments and funders","subject":"shift needed for assessment transition","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Arguably, this part of the transition to Open \nScience is one of the biggest challenges and requires a profound shift in \nthe minds and hearts of people and institutions, not only \nuniversities but also governments and funders.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1449/c337","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/422c3c38ebd34847","nativeRecordCid":"6af32d7d-16df-4bf1-a7e1-bd90b6c10aad","documentId":"osft-doc-1449","id":"c337","text":"The transition to Open Science coincides with a movement away from exclusively or primarily quantitative and metrics-focused assessment to a better and sensible mix of quantitative and qualitative assessment.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"transition to Open Science and assessment focus","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The transition to Open Science coincides with a movement \naway from exclusively or primarily quantitative and metrics-\nfocused assessment to a better and sensible mix of \nquantitative and qualitative assessment.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1449/c338","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/e3e28f3f42e84bc2","nativeRecordCid":"c1a2b3ea-4a1b-40d2-963c-1b0be50d5e66","documentId":"osft-doc-1449","id":"c338","text":"An EU-level policy approach on assessment, evaluation and reward systems has to happen in close coordination with the member states and associated countries.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"EU","subject":"EU-level policy approach on assessment/reward systems","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"An EU-level policy approach \non assessment, evaluation and reward systems thus has to \nhappen in close coordination with the member states (and \nassociated countries).","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1449/c339","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/b199f2a9e09c47cb","nativeRecordCid":"c62b8910-2f93-46ba-b47a-04928a22eaaa","documentId":"osft-doc-1449","id":"c339","text":"Universities should endeavour to integrate Open Science dimensions in their HR and career frameworks as an explicit element in recruitment, performance evaluation and career advancement policies.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"universities","subject":"integrating Open Science in HR/career frameworks","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Endeavour to integrate Open Science dimensions in \ntheir HR and career frameworks as an explicit element \nin recruitment, performance evaluation and career \nadvancement policies, so that research and teaching \nstaff are appropriately recognised and rewarded for \npracticing Open Science.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1449/c340","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/8a83ba388ab64ac4","nativeRecordCid":"d6cc9a31-b213-446d-ac4a-24a07872fbc9","documentId":"osft-doc-1449","id":"c340","text":"Universities should develop institutional policies for recognising and rewarding Open Science practice anchored in broad-based support.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"universities","subject":"institutional policies for Open Science recognition","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Develop institutional policies for recognising and \nrewarding Open Science practice anchored in broad-\nbased support; communicate them clearly and \ntransparently, make them easy to find and access, and \nprovide proper guidance or training to those who are \ninvolved in staff recruitment, appraisal and promotion in \nthe university.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1449/c341","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/62051a9119544763","nativeRecordCid":"0b0172bd-c66f-4eb9-81d0-dd3947172456","documentId":"osft-doc-1449","id":"c341","text":"Universities should communicate their institutional policies for recognising and rewarding Open Science practice clearly and transparently.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"universities","subject":"communicating Open Science recognition policies","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Develop institutional policies for recognising and \nrewarding Open Science practice anchored in broad-\nbased support; communicate them clearly and \ntransparently, make them easy to find and access, and \nprovide proper guidance or training to those who are \ninvolved in staff recruitment, appraisal and promotion in \nthe university.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1449/c342","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/35fa55b3a1b449e1","nativeRecordCid":"3b219cbb-507f-4167-9b2c-2dc2d697ff7b","documentId":"osft-doc-1449","id":"c342","text":"Universities should make their institutional policies for recognising and rewarding Open Science practice easy to find and access.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"universities","subject":"accessibility of Open Science recognition policies","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Develop institutional policies for recognising and \nrewarding Open Science practice anchored in broad-\nbased support; communicate them clearly and \ntransparently, make them easy to find and access, and \nprovide proper guidance or training to those who are \ninvolved in staff recruitment, appraisal and promotion in \nthe university.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1449/c343","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/355a66b5f4d44741","nativeRecordCid":"dbcce707-c48a-4543-b84b-76ad78c8c526","documentId":"osft-doc-1449","id":"c343","text":"Universities should provide proper guidance or training to those involved in staff recruitment, appraisal and promotion.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"universities","subject":"guidance for staff involved in recruitment/promotion","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Develop institutional policies for recognising and \nrewarding Open Science practice anchored in broad-\nbased support; communicate them clearly and \ntransparently, make them easy to find and access, and \nprovide proper guidance or training to those who are \ninvolved in staff recruitment, appraisal and promotion in \nthe university.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1449/c344","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/11edd4d221a54c6b","nativeRecordCid":"7aacaeb4-0710-4214-a3fd-e8669b11ae3b","documentId":"osft-doc-1449","id":"c344","text":"Universities should develop individual HR criteria for recognising and rewarding Open Science in job descriptions, performance appraisals and promotion criteria for all or most research and teaching staff.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"universities","subject":"individual HR criteria for Open Science recognition","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Develop individual HR criteria for recognising and \nrewarding Open Science in job descriptions, performance \nappraisals and promotion criteria, for all or most research \nand teaching staff, which take into account their multiple \nresponsibilities, in terms of research output, process, \nimpact, teaching and supervision, leadership, service \nto the university, public engagement, professional \nexperience, as well as considering collaborative \nand team accomplishments in addition to individual \naccomplishments when appropriate.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1449/c345","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/847758185e334865","nativeRecordCid":"6bf43df3-9716-447c-85de-7242b3b19006","documentId":"osft-doc-1449","id":"c345","text":"Next-generation metrics is one of the eight pillars of the European Commission's definition of Open Science.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"next-generation metrics as EC Open Science pillar","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"It is one of the eight pillars of the European Commission’s definition of Open Science, although the name does not do justice to the importance of the topic.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1449/c346","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/b681a8edd35c4877","nativeRecordCid":"334a2c10-c5bd-45f6-9329-fdbf5b633b62","documentId":"osft-doc-1449","id":"c346","text":"The name does not do justice to the importance of the topic of next-generation metrics.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"the name 'next-generation metrics'","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"It is one of the eight pillars of the European Commission’s definition of Open Science, although the name does not do justice to the importance of the topic.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1449/c347","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/51c3e5eec8914817","nativeRecordCid":"3a7ce5a5-b97f-4ac2-8074-cbaf12b075d1","documentId":"osft-doc-1449","id":"c347","text":"Universities should embed Open Science principles in the institutional research assessment system, shifting away from an excessive reliance on publication-based journal impact factors and citation cultures and recognising Open Science approaches such as OA publishing, data/code/reagent sharing, and recognising pre-prints.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"universities","subject":"embedding Open Science in research assessment system","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Embed Open Science principles in the institutional \nresearch assessment system 53, shifting away from an \nexcessive reliance on publication-based journal impact \nfactors and citation cultures and recognising Open \nScience approaches such as OA publishing, data/code/\nreagent sharing, recognising pre-prints, etc.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1449/c348","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/dbaa7aa8d7884735","nativeRecordCid":"358d93dd-07ef-4711-b0b6-448236ba7c25","documentId":"osft-doc-1449","id":"c348","text":"Universities should offer appropriate support, professional development and training opportunities for Open Science, aligned with employees' different needs depending on discipline, career progression, seniority and goals.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"universities","subject":"support and training for Open Science","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Offer appropriate support, professional development \nand training opportunities for Open Science, aligned \nwith employees’ different needs depending on discipline, \ncareer progression, seniority and goals, including moving \noutside the university (cf. recommendations on education \nand skills).","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1449/c349","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/9e9e58075add498b","nativeRecordCid":"f29e6f19-dd84-4673-ac43-6d888009c6db","documentId":"osft-doc-1449","id":"c349","text":"Universities should periodically monitor, reflect on and update their Open Science rewards system so it remains fresh and fit-for-purpose.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"universities","subject":"monitoring and updating Open Science rewards system","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Periodically monitor, reflect on and update their Open \nScience rewards system so it remains fresh and fit-for-\npurpose.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1449/c350","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/dc23ca8825c74ae4","nativeRecordCid":"8ae52a5e-6e36-453a-8de6-e04be6728653","documentId":"osft-doc-1449","id":"c350","text":"The change in culture needed to achieve these objectives is one of the biggest challenges facing those who embed Open Science practices into the academic environment.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"cultural change for bibliometrics extension","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The change in culture needed to achieve these objectives is one of the biggest challenges facing those who embed Open Science \npractices into the academic environment.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1449/c351","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/96dc896e53d94de3","nativeRecordCid":"54c0d6ef-3fd9-49ba-b644-22c0611800b1","documentId":"osft-doc-1449","id":"c351","text":"\"Next-generation metrics\" is the name used in this paper to describe the activity which some stakeholders misleadingly refer to as Altmetrics.","kind":"definitional","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"next-generation metrics (term)","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Next-generation metrics is the name used in this paper to \ndescribe the activity which some stakeholders misleadingly \nrefer to as Altmetrics.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1449/c352","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/b32d21b251b447fe","nativeRecordCid":"9c62ce31-f3e9-487c-aa5d-1c4523f9cc83","documentId":"osft-doc-1449","id":"c352","text":"The issue of next-generation metrics refers to the responsible use of existing bibliometrics.","kind":"definitional","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"next-generation metrics (scope)","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"It would be much more accurate to say that the issue refers \nto (a) the responsible use of existing bibliometrics and (b) the \nuse of new bibliometric measures which are aligned with the \nambitions of Open Science.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1449/c353","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/7604645c822c4605","nativeRecordCid":"8b859fb1-d8fc-4481-8edc-950bf9d9d335","documentId":"osft-doc-1449","id":"c353","text":"The issue of next-generation metrics refers to the use of new bibliometric measures which are aligned with the ambitions of Open Science.","kind":"definitional","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"next-generation metrics (scope)","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"It would be much more accurate to say that the issue refers \nto (a) the responsible use of existing bibliometrics and (b) the \nuse of new bibliometric measures which are aligned with the \nambitions of Open Science.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1449/c354","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/470c55c58c414b08","nativeRecordCid":"03f7ff50-848a-4756-82a9-34cbe01384ab","documentId":"osft-doc-1449","id":"c354","text":"Bibliometrics is traditionally the use of statistical analysis to evaluate the importance and impact of publications on the wider community.","kind":"definitional","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"bibliometrics (term)","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Traditionally, bibliometrics is the use of statistical analysis \nto evaluate the importance and impact of publications on \nthe wider community.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1449/c355","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/b74a7e8f999a4d1c","nativeRecordCid":"8284cc17-3304-4477-9d8f-110491c4c5ad","documentId":"osft-doc-1449","id":"c355","text":"The journal title in which research outputs are published should not be used as a proxy for the assessment of the quality of research outputs.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"","subject":"journal title as quality proxy","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"As the UK REF (Research Excellence Framework) has stated, neither journal impact factors, \nnor the journal title in which research outputs are published, \nshould be used as proxies for the assessment of the quality \nof research outputs (Hill, 2013).","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1449/c356","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/c02ed655e74648b0","nativeRecordCid":"69fb34b4-a472-48d5-a7fe-825c51e1b9bf","documentId":"osft-doc-1449","id":"c356","text":"In an Open Science environment, the range of bibliometrics should be extended to cover new forms of output, such as research data and research software, with new metric measures.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"","subject":"extending bibliometrics to new outputs","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"In an Open Science environment, the \nchallenge is to extend the range of bibliometrics to cover \nnew forms of output, such as research data and research \nsoftware, with new metric measures; and also to agree \nprinciples for the responsible use of metrics.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1449/c357","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/7dd28d3482994bce","nativeRecordCid":"06340261-14ad-47b7-b6ce-e79dca0be787","documentId":"osft-doc-1449","id":"c357","text":"Principles for the responsible use of metrics should be agreed.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"","subject":"principles for responsible use of metrics","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"In an Open Science environment, the \nchallenge is to extend the range of bibliometrics to cover \nnew forms of output, such as research data and research \nsoftware, with new metric measures; and also to agree \nprinciples for the responsible use of metrics.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1449/c358","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/6783c2ae3df7479c","nativeRecordCid":"bdf5521e-4e0a-4340-8f9e-f3b27a9f8237","documentId":"osft-doc-1449","id":"c358","text":"Very many individuals and committees in European universities use the JIF as a surrogate for quality.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"European universities' use of JIF","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"That being said, very many individuals and committees in European universities do use \nthe JIF as a surrogate for quality.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1449/c359","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/6a0003be478448ef","nativeRecordCid":"291918e5-2233-4767-97ef-3b3b4c6fce40","documentId":"osft-doc-1449","id":"c359","text":"The Journal Impact Factor (JIF) is one of the most common bibliometric measures used by researchers, journals and universities.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"Journal Impact Factor's prevalence","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"One of the most common bibliometric measures used by \nresearchers, journals and universities is the Journal Impact \nFactor (JIF).","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1449/c360","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/a67aca12a02c4ddd","nativeRecordCid":"285591d9-0b42-45ad-b3bb-8493d3ea9ba9","documentId":"osft-doc-1449","id":"c360","text":"The JIF is a measure reflecting the yearly average number of citations to recent articles published in that journal.","kind":"definitional","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"Journal Impact Factor (term)","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The JIF is a measure reflecting the yearly \naverage number of citations to recent articles published in \nthat journal.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1449/c361","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/4d643844ba224ff2","nativeRecordCid":"30dd3666-2fa3-4213-80f3-2c2a4ec0f76e","documentId":"osft-doc-1449","id":"c361","text":"The JIF is often used as a surrogate for the quality of individual articles in a journal.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"use of JIF as quality surrogate","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"It is often used as a surrogate for the quality of \nindividual articles in a journal.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1449/c362","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/1b04340c232a4917","nativeRecordCid":"90684d94-25ea-4979-9f53-15685d52f322","documentId":"osft-doc-1449","id":"c362","text":"JIFs say nothing about the academic quality of individual articles in journal runs.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"JIF's relation to article quality","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"JIFs say nothing about the academic \nquality of individual articles in journal runs.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1449/c363","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/c345d0c54ca04c4a","nativeRecordCid":"8216c03a-926f-47fb-ba00-a0a03fdb185a","documentId":"osft-doc-1449","id":"c363","text":"The JIF should not be used as a surrogate for the quality of individual articles.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"","subject":"use of JIF as quality surrogate","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"As such, the JIF \ncannot and should not be used as a surrogate for the quality \nof individual articles.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1449/c364","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/829076db78fc4e2b","nativeRecordCid":"df2031ee-9cb5-4ec3-9271-2638b9ef6954","documentId":"osft-doc-1449","id":"c364","text":"The JIF cannot be used as a surrogate for the quality of individual articles.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"JIF's capability as quality surrogate","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"As such, the JIF \ncannot and should not be used as a surrogate for the quality \nof individual articles.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1449/c365","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/63db0117e1224c74","nativeRecordCid":"65498f74-8b62-4fbb-b423-328f5746c018","documentId":"osft-doc-1449","id":"c365","text":"The absence of a roadmap to operationalise DORA's principles has been a major weakness in changing the research assessment culture in the academic community.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"DORA implementation gap","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"This has been a major weakness in moving to change the assessment culture in the academic community.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1449/c366","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/1146fcdfb9c840ba","nativeRecordCid":"1265eb19-fe8a-4024-8632-1d57127fee55","documentId":"osft-doc-1449","id":"c366","text":"The best decisions on research evaluation are taken by combining robust statistics with sensitivity to the aim and nature of the research being evaluated.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"research evaluation decisions","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The best decisions are taken by combining robust statistics with sensitivity to \nthe aim and nature of the research that is evaluated.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1449/c367","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/0bf1b8e35cd043d9","nativeRecordCid":"c200382a-3db4-46e5-9051-f272fe2a0df1","documentId":"osft-doc-1449","id":"c367","text":"The practice of using the JIF as a surrogate for quality is deeply embedded.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"practice of using JIF as quality surrogate","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"It is a practice which is \ndeeply embedded and a great challenge to change.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1449/c368","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/1784374d31a9413d","nativeRecordCid":"13c3a16a-beb4-4db1-9c88-3d124bd1b480","documentId":"osft-doc-1449","id":"c368","text":"Changing the practice of using the JIF as a surrogate for quality is a great challenge.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"changing the JIF-as-quality-surrogate practice","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"It is a practice which is \ndeeply embedded and a great challenge to change.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1449/c369","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/1287e36d19704076","nativeRecordCid":"d3ea5535-0926-4d06-901d-96cb6743309a","documentId":"osft-doc-1449","id":"c369","text":"Both quantitative and qualitative evidence are needed for responsible research evaluation.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"","subject":"research evaluation evidence","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Both quantitative and qualitative evidence are needed.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1449/c370","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/73655e4e59ac4e93","nativeRecordCid":"76cc34cc-061c-47c3-890b-c63dafc18653","documentId":"osft-doc-1449","id":"c370","text":"The Open Science Career Assessment Matrix (OS-CAM) may provide a useful starting point to develop an institutional system.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"OS-CAM's usefulness","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The Open Science Career Assessment Matrix (OS-CAM), proposed by the EU Working Group on Open Science Rewards (O´Carroll, 2017: 15-17), \nmay provide a useful starting point to develop an institutional system.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1449/c371","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/6032fd75d7514063","nativeRecordCid":"8867c639-b437-4af1-93b8-59630fc68a39","documentId":"osft-doc-1449","id":"c371","text":"DORA identifies principles for future activity but there is no accompanying roadmap or activity to operationalise the DORA principles into good practice.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"DORA","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"whilst DORA itself identifies principles for future activity, there \nis no accompanying roadmap or activity to ‘operationalise’ \nthe DORA principles into good practice.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1449/c372","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/6c1cbd2cdc5f4d23","nativeRecordCid":"457cf0d1-682f-4368-a901-7ae51eef0031","documentId":"osft-doc-1449","id":"c372","text":"The Leiden Manifesto for research metrics proposes principles for the responsible use of metrics.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"Leiden Manifesto","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The Leiden Manifesto for research metrics 55 proposes 10 \nprinciples for the responsible use of metrics.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1449/c373","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/c8fe8af37d994127","nativeRecordCid":"ca7462d9-e37b-49a9-a714-14045a6a34df","documentId":"osft-doc-1449","id":"c373","text":"It is difficult for the academic community to agree on what could replace numerical measures of quality.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"academic community consensus on metrics","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"It is much less easy for the academic community to agree what could \ntake their place.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1449/c374","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/35d69dd7da394228","nativeRecordCid":"b510b3ff-91a5-442e-bd22-53906f88efc8","documentId":"osft-doc-1449","id":"c374","text":"The European Commission should dispel confusion by choosing a new name to describe its work on next-generation metrics and standardise on its use.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"European Commission","subject":"European Commission's naming of metrics work","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"the European Commission \nshould dispel confusion by choosing a new name to describe \nits work in this area and to standardise on its use.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1449/c375","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/3444b38937c64861","nativeRecordCid":"5c38e1bc-9403-4d45-b8e6-7a0b1f83628b","documentId":"osft-doc-1449","id":"c375","text":"An Open Science system should be grounded in a mix of expert judgement, quantitative and qualitative measures.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"","subject":"Open Science evaluation system","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"An Open Science system should be grounded in a mix of \nexpert judgement, quantitative and qualitative measures;","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1449/c376","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/5571816085ea467f","nativeRecordCid":"17bf15c1-9e0a-4145-bd84-6df05d7d0623","documentId":"osft-doc-1449","id":"c376","text":"Transparency is crucial for next-generation metrics.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"","subject":"next-generation metrics","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Transparency and accuracy are crucial;","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1449/c377","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/257972fab15546fb","nativeRecordCid":"baf9801b-4a21-4abb-b8d1-443b87d63edc","documentId":"osft-doc-1449","id":"c377","text":"Accuracy is crucial for next-generation metrics.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"","subject":"next-generation metrics","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Transparency and accuracy are crucial;","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1449/c378","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/79ab3edd764e48f0","nativeRecordCid":"1604e8ce-a4cd-4957-8477-472fd2635497","documentId":"osft-doc-1449","id":"c378","text":"Existing metrics should be put to better use for Open Science.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"","subject":"existing metrics","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Make better use of existing metrics for Open Science;","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1449/c379","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/a79799a39eaa4cba","nativeRecordCid":"70db2d6f-f620-447f-9acc-c583f9e68443","documentId":"osft-doc-1449","id":"c379","text":"Next-generation metrics should be underpinned by an open, transparent and linked data infrastructure.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"","subject":"next-generation metrics infrastructure","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Next-generation metrics should be underpinned by an \nopen, transparent and linked data infrastructure;","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1449/c380","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/fe85ae84295d4b42","nativeRecordCid":"34b1ebff-b225-4a62-95a7-6d0d8a84a9b3","documentId":"osft-doc-1449","id":"c380","text":"What matters should be measured.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"","subject":"measurement of scholarly impact","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Measure what matters.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1449/c381","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/1c973ef8bec5478d","nativeRecordCid":"6e2af1fb-4362-454a-a833-b2cc74596197","documentId":"osft-doc-1449","id":"c381","text":"Next-generation metrics are a difficult concept to take forward.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"next-generation metrics","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Next-generation metrics are a difficult concept to take \nforward.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1449/c382","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/8ce057193fa54b34","nativeRecordCid":"389df4d3-73af-48b3-8697-fa13294c2fe7","documentId":"osft-doc-1449","id":"c382","text":"Quality cannot be reduced to a mere numerical value.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"research quality","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"It is easy to say that quality cannot be reduced to a \nmere numerical value.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1449/c383","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/59c1335b977d485d","nativeRecordCid":"47f27d0d-994b-45fc-81b9-4e9bb51ec809","documentId":"osft-doc-1449","id":"c383","text":"There has been a sharp growth in recent years in various commercial services offering metrics.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"commercial metric services","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"There has \nbeen a sharp growth in recent years in various commercial \nservices.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1449/c384","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/66b2f03e7e5f48a4","nativeRecordCid":"8efb523e-629c-4433-8193-61086be1b225","documentId":"osft-doc-1449","id":"c384","text":"Commercial metric services often use similar source data but interpret and present it in different ways.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"commercial metric services","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"These often use similar source data (e.g. number of \ntweets or download figures) but interpreted and presented in \ndifferent ways.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1449/c385","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/3aea9fa715024f98","nativeRecordCid":"c910eaee-889a-4981-91db-d2088b4ff14e","documentId":"osft-doc-1449","id":"c385","text":"Depending on the indicators used, next-generation metrics can show scholarly interest.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"next-generation metrics","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Depending on what indicators are used, they \ncan show scholarly interest (e.g. Mendeley bookmarking), \nmedia interest (e.g. news stories), or public interest (e.g. \nsocial media activity).","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1449/c386","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/a7163d2c3f444bb0","nativeRecordCid":"2b3a18d3-6a38-4960-841c-4cd5ee6aef9a","documentId":"osft-doc-1449","id":"c386","text":"Depending on the indicators used, next-generation metrics can show media interest.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"next-generation metrics","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Depending on what indicators are used, they \ncan show scholarly interest (e.g. Mendeley bookmarking), \nmedia interest (e.g. news stories), or public interest (e.g. \nsocial media activity).","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1449/c387","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/3fe21109f57d4c8e","nativeRecordCid":"28f92484-3070-479a-8698-0c1a76bbcf97","documentId":"osft-doc-1449","id":"c387","text":"Depending on the indicators used, next-generation metrics can show public interest.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"next-generation metrics","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Depending on what indicators are used, they \ncan show scholarly interest (e.g. Mendeley bookmarking), \nmedia interest (e.g. news stories), or public interest (e.g. \nsocial media activity).","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1449/c388","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/6b6534dfa3e54745","nativeRecordCid":"4fdf9544-c976-4ad2-98d0-e3f0cb8f1902","documentId":"osft-doc-1449","id":"c388","text":"Next-generation metrics can be used to identify the use of research in policy documents or other official publications which may not appear in conventional citation databases.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"next-generation metrics","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"They can also be used to identify \nthe use of research in policy documents or other official \npublications which may not appear in the conventional \ncitation databases.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1449/c389","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/70a2d06a61134dd8","nativeRecordCid":"9ac06bd1-b252-49ed-ac4b-9d933f9d7f54","documentId":"osft-doc-1449","id":"c389","text":"Spikes in activity may occur if a piece of work is particularly contentious, timely, or on a topic that catches the public imagination.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"spikes in metric activity","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Spikes in activity may come if a piece of \nwork is particularly contentious, timely, or simply on a topic \nthat catches the public imagination.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1449/c390","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/50d1ad9539784b81","nativeRecordCid":"3c5b409c-742e-4957-a0f1-a3740a1bf167","documentId":"osft-doc-1449","id":"c390","text":"It is harder to gather standardised and comprehensive data for next-generation metrics than for citation data.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"next-generation metrics data","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"It is harder to gather \nstandardised and comprehensive data in this environment \nthan citation data.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1449/c391","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/cee6e660362046bf","nativeRecordCid":"041fb457-8fe4-4658-8d41-e555e9ec660f","documentId":"osft-doc-1449","id":"c391","text":"Next-generation metric figures should be treated as broad indicators.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"","subject":"next-generation metric figures","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"In general, it is best to treat next-generation metric figures as \nbroad indicators","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1449/c392","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/10764ab1d5984fa0","nativeRecordCid":"52f0a7ef-d9f2-4d1a-ac0c-351bfce97d7f","documentId":"osft-doc-1449","id":"c392","text":"High activity in next-generation metrics indicates that there is something interesting.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"high metric activity","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"high activity tells us that there is something \ninteresting there","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1449/c393","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/13b5eb7439734ec0","nativeRecordCid":"4e7b0360-584a-430f-b304-88e2ef082252","documentId":"osft-doc-1449","id":"c393","text":"The details behind next-generation metric figures should be examined before drawing conclusions.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"","subject":"next-generation metric figures","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"but the details should be examined before \ndrawing conclusions.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1449/c394","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/1b40d1faabb7495d","nativeRecordCid":"77491755-0c2b-46fb-8f10-90eb00af8ef1","documentId":"osft-doc-1449","id":"c394","text":"Next-generation metric figures should not be used to quote a single numeric score for ranking a paper or author.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"","subject":"next-generation metric figures","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"They should not be used to quote a \nsingle numeric ‘score’ for ranking a paper or author.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1449/c395","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/507f1bfdaa324bfe","nativeRecordCid":"2bd34747-c25a-4888-ae71-d462aaadca71","documentId":"osft-doc-1449","id":"c395","text":"Universities should develop a bibliometrics policy grounded in the principles of the Leiden Manifesto, with the aim of changing the culture in the academic community about research assessment.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"universities","subject":"bibliometrics policy","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Develop a bibliometrics policy grounded in the principles \nof the Leiden Manifesto, with the aim of changing the \nculture in the academic community about research \nassessment.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1449/c396","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/16e51c2e48a049aa","nativeRecordCid":"873e7c06-4167-4d70-8820-74bd1cae77f1","documentId":"osft-doc-1449","id":"c396","text":"Universities should embed new forms of research evaluation in their internal processes for promotion, reward and research evaluation.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"universities","subject":"research evaluation processes","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Embed the new forms of research evaluation in its internal \nprocesses for promotion/reward and research evaluation.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1449/c397","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/854776cbeb414174","nativeRecordCid":"d944a00d-9d60-430c-bd2b-80a29c08ee0f","documentId":"osft-doc-1449","id":"c397","text":"There is considerable scepticism among researchers, universities, representative bodies and learned societies about the broader use of metrics in research assessment and management.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"metrics in research assessment","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"There is considerable scepticism among researchers, universities, representative bodies and learned societies about the broader use of metrics \nin research assessment and management.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1449/c398","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/0b9bae35b1f34e23","nativeRecordCid":"60625035-b684-4a89-927d-d6e992aa38da","documentId":"osft-doc-1449","id":"c398","text":"Research integrity is the basis of trust.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"research integrity","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Research \nintegrity is the basis of trust (Science Europe, 2015)","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1449/c399","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/f6a3d99713cf452f","nativeRecordCid":"fe916988-0e02-47a7-8246-a04a1ea5abee","documentId":"osft-doc-1449","id":"c399","text":"Carefully selected indicators can complement decision-making.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"indicators in decision-making","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Carefully selected indicators can complement decision-making, but a ‘variable geometry’ of expert judgement, quantitative indicators and quali-\ntative measures that respect research diversity will be required.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1449/c400","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/a9d4dcac68cc4e30","nativeRecordCid":"90b17817-6265-463e-9c87-7c85f4008fda","documentId":"osft-doc-1449","id":"c400","text":"A 'variable geometry' of expert judgement, quantitative indicators and qualitative measures that respect research diversity is required for decision-making.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"","subject":"decision-making methodology","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"but a ‘variable geometry’ of expert judgement, quantitative indicators and quali-\ntative measures that respect research diversity will be required.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1449/c401","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/d2e837e6d77841e3","nativeRecordCid":"04c43c3c-a87e-42ea-9b22-c2c58d8707e0","documentId":"osft-doc-1449","id":"c401","text":"Universities should construct, via appropriate internal bodies, guidance for research administrators and academics on good and bad practice in the use of traditional bibliometrics and in the development of new metrics.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"universities","subject":"guidance on bibliometrics practice","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Construct, via appropriate internal bodies, guidance for \nresearch administrators and academics on good and bad \npractice in the use of traditional bibliometrics and in the \ndevelopment of new metrics, and that they work with the \nscientific community in this endeavour.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1449/c402","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/f641767e05af4898","nativeRecordCid":"5027c087-1dd0-4d28-a010-9368889ad8f6","documentId":"osft-doc-1449","id":"c402","text":"Wider dissemination and increased openness help to demonstrate the responsible conduct of research.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"dissemination and openness","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Wider dissemination and increased openness help to \ndemonstrate the responsible conduct of research, \nenable errors or omissions to be addressed and facilitate \nverification and reproduction of findings.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1449/c403","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/8646083dcdb94bac","nativeRecordCid":"1501f467-63c3-4c4c-8f33-e3f5ac87e3e0","documentId":"osft-doc-1449","id":"c403","text":"Wider dissemination and increased openness enable errors or omissions to be addressed.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"dissemination and openness","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Wider dissemination and increased openness help to \ndemonstrate the responsible conduct of research, \nenable errors or omissions to be addressed and facilitate \nverification and reproduction of findings.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1449/c404","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/34695063722d448a","nativeRecordCid":"7f6ed8c8-4c72-40a3-b4bf-e44e1139a2d3","documentId":"osft-doc-1449","id":"c404","text":"Wider dissemination and increased openness facilitate verification and reproduction of findings.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"dissemination and openness","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Wider dissemination and increased openness help to \ndemonstrate the responsible conduct of research, \nenable errors or omissions to be addressed and facilitate \nverification and reproduction of findings.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1449/c405","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/235cf8c174d745df","nativeRecordCid":"7177e5c7-524b-4ffd-b4b7-27ab223fc194","documentId":"osft-doc-1449","id":"c405","text":"Universities should work with the scientific community in developing guidance on bibliometrics and new metrics.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"universities","subject":"collaboration with scientific community on metrics","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"and that they work with the \nscientific community in this endeavour.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1449/c406","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/a7640ef03d7c423e","nativeRecordCid":"765214d7-91eb-494b-98a4-a1145da88836","documentId":"osft-doc-1449","id":"c406","text":"Universities should provide training to junior researchers, particularly early-stage doctoral researchers, enabling them to embrace the change of culture and practice which the responsible use of metrics brings.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"universities","subject":"training for junior researchers on metrics","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Provide training to junior researchers, particularly early-\nstage doctoral researchers, enabling them to embrace \nthe change of culture and practice which the responsible \nuse of metrics brings (cf. recommendations on education \nand skills).","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1449/c407","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/29696fc6e41e42cc","nativeRecordCid":"1681c5f0-377c-4887-8161-841b2e46758d","documentId":"osft-doc-1449","id":"c407","text":"Open Science practices may discourage and reduce the incidences of fabrication, falsification, plagiarism and other unacceptable practices by making them easier to detect.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"Open Science practices","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Open Science practices may also discourage and reduce the \nincidences of fabrication, falsification, plagiarism and other \nunacceptable practices by making them easier to detect","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1449/c408","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/13ef874ca73348ea","nativeRecordCid":"9afc71f0-05ab-448d-be15-4cf148542b0a","documentId":"osft-doc-1449","id":"c408","text":"Research integrity is one of the cornerstones on which science is built.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"research integrity","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Research integrity is one of the cornerstones on which \nscience is built.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1449/c409","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/aad4886d1f5e4207","nativeRecordCid":"c36cca3f-b17f-478c-8af2-0aea3c633e05","documentId":"osft-doc-1449","id":"c409","text":"Research practices must be based on reliability, honesty, respect and accountability for excellent science to be possible.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"","subject":"research practices","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"There can be no excellent science if research \npractices are not based on reliability, honesty, respect \nand accountability, principles identified as fundamental by \nthe European Code of Conduct for Research Integrity","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1449/c410","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/0fd0a0b20055433b","nativeRecordCid":"68a64c88-fefa-45fb-afa3-1a04d0c1fdff","documentId":"osft-doc-1449","id":"c410","text":"Open Science can strengthen the leading role in research integrity at the global level.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"Open Science","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Open Science can also strengthen the leading role that \nEurope should develop in research integrity at the global \nlevel.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1449/c411","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/5723db7412784f6b","nativeRecordCid":"22a2651b-35e5-4606-a123-8f6a63814614","documentId":"osft-doc-1449","id":"c411","text":"Europe should develop a leading role in research integrity at the global level.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"Europe","subject":"Europe's role in research integrity","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Open Science can also strengthen the leading role that \nEurope should develop in research integrity at the global \nlevel.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1449/c412","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/c3132dc5b07a47c1","nativeRecordCid":"9a79e4b1-0f97-4dcd-a0a6-5c76dcbf70a6","documentId":"osft-doc-1449","id":"c412","text":"Open Science should maintain research integrity at its core.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"","subject":"Open Science","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Open Science –as a new approach to scientific \nprocess- should maintain research integrity at its core.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1449/c413","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/e0c21ddcf788441d","nativeRecordCid":"91ec9e15-28e7-4533-8460-7a01406229c4","documentId":"osft-doc-1449","id":"c413","text":"Open Science practices such as open access publishing, open data, open peer review and open research have the potential to bring about new and exciting pathways for supporting a culture of research integrity.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"Open Science practices","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Open Science practices, such as open access publishing, \nopen data, open peer review and open research, have \nthe potential to bring about new and exciting pathways \nfor supporting a culture of research integrity.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1449/c414","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/5bd5a0b23cd0439a","nativeRecordCid":"06ee7e37-e0c0-493a-8582-f2a066b61ce8","documentId":"osft-doc-1449","id":"c414","text":"Open Science increases transparency by diffusing knowledge at an earlier stage in the research process and opening up access to research data and research results.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"Open Science","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"By diffusing \nknowledge at an earlier stage in the research process and \nopening up access to research data and research results, \nOpen Science increases transparency and encourages \ndissemination.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1449/c415","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/915bd3ce0b914d5f","nativeRecordCid":"15471a8f-621c-4056-9136-fb2c24d3d219","documentId":"osft-doc-1449","id":"c415","text":"Open Science encourages dissemination by diffusing knowledge at an earlier stage in the research process and opening up access to research data and research results.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"Open Science","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"By diffusing \nknowledge at an earlier stage in the research process and \nopening up access to research data and research results, \nOpen Science increases transparency and encourages \ndissemination.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1449/c416","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/decf700f5adf4d5c","nativeRecordCid":"67404349-bff0-4e89-bb6f-3ecdf2bbb92b","documentId":"osft-doc-1449","id":"c416","text":"Reproducible research is imperative.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"","subject":"reproducible research","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Reproducible \nresearch59 is imperative and Open Science fosters it.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1449/c417","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/066976a01b844dbe","nativeRecordCid":"0e6d5afb-c4f5-4986-b588-511498390745","documentId":"osft-doc-1449","id":"c417","text":"Open Science fosters reproducible research.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"Open Science","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Reproducible \nresearch59 is imperative and Open Science fosters it.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1449/c418","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/476de553354d4c32","nativeRecordCid":"8c25dc82-9f18-4625-8a93-4e3449d5bc4d","documentId":"osft-doc-1449","id":"c418","text":"Researchers must have legal and ethical awareness when engaging in Open Science practices.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"researchers","subject":"legal and ethical awareness","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"but do require legal and ethical awareness on the part of \nresearchers.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1449/c419","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/a6b5f1b42f754406","nativeRecordCid":"e8b8abe2-d32c-42aa-a9ec-2d739e9d0b3f","documentId":"osft-doc-1449","id":"c419","text":"Open Science practices bring about new challenges to the responsible conduct of research in addition to opportunities.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"Open Science practices","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Next to the opportunities, Open Science practices also bring \nabout new challenges to the responsible conduct of research.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1449/c420","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/81682b78f17841e6","nativeRecordCid":"e0abdf37-51cc-4d17-8e27-8806bf0e60a8","documentId":"osft-doc-1449","id":"c420","text":"The relationship between open data and ethical and privacy standards becomes increasingly complex and relevant in a context of data-intensive research.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"open data and ethical/privacy standards","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The relationship between open data and \nethical and privacy standards becomes increasingly complex \nand relevant in a context of data-intensive research.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1449/c421","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/2b5ba5a0eb6744e2","nativeRecordCid":"0a63b691-3975-4697-b52e-4de63338ddd5","documentId":"osft-doc-1449","id":"c421","text":"Universities should promote and develop awareness amongst the research community of how Open Science can ensure the highest standards of research.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"universities","subject":"awareness of Open Science and research standards","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Promote and develop awareness amongst the research \ncommunity of how Open Science can ensure the highest \nstandards of research.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1449/c422","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/73051036d27f4cd5","nativeRecordCid":"fae2e746-c951-4fa9-9100-81a9dd2953e7","documentId":"osft-doc-1449","id":"c422","text":"Universities should have a research integrity code which embraces the principles of Open Science or should abide by the European Code for Research Integrity.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"universities","subject":"research integrity code","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Have a research integrity code which embraces the \nprinciples of Open Science or that they abide by the \nEuropean Code for Research Integrity (ALLEA Code)","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1449/c423","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/e117aa2749dd4044","nativeRecordCid":"b8319a74-30f4-4ce0-98dc-8d9d0eaf4b46","documentId":"osft-doc-1449","id":"c423","text":"Research institutions should reward open and reproducible practices in the hiring and promotion of researchers.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"research institutions","subject":"hiring and promotion practices","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Research institutions rewarding open and reproducible \npractices in hiring and promotion of researchers (cf. \nrecommendations on recognition and rewards);","representedInStars":true}
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{"key":"osft-doc-1449/c425","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/c3216bdd45444eff","nativeRecordCid":"f96ccdca-492e-4044-b5dc-725507751b4b","documentId":"osft-doc-1449","id":"c425","text":"Research data should be made as open as possible, as closed as necessary, in line with the FAIR principles for research data management.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"","subject":"research data openness","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Making research data as open as possible, as closed \nas necessary, in line with the FAIR principles for \nresearch data management;","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1449/c426","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/f1a9fb3bc8a84b1a","nativeRecordCid":"b645bbd7-c2a7-4310-99e7-79a21935abd2","documentId":"osft-doc-1449","id":"c426","text":"Partners in research collaborations should agree at the outset on the goals of the research and on the process for communicating their research as transparently and openly as possible.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"partners in research collaborations","subject":"research collaboration agreements","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Partners in research collaborations agreeing at the \noutset on the goals of the research and on the process \nfor communicating their research as transparently \nand openly as possible;","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1449/c427","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/95649f16aa364037","nativeRecordCid":"f1ad859a-ff66-463e-a923-a4612f2f783a","documentId":"osft-doc-1449","id":"c427","text":"Researchers should adhere to the same criteria whether they publish in a subscription journal, an open access journal or in any other alternative publication form.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"researchers","subject":"publication criteria","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Researchers adhering to the same criteria whether \nthey publish in a subscription journal, an open access \njournal or in any other alternative publication form.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1449/c428","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/1e48f5deecc54631","nativeRecordCid":"0ebd42c6-6cc0-4e63-9752-7dbab1e706ab","documentId":"osft-doc-1449","id":"c428","text":"Citizen science is enabled by the rise of new technologies, open source software and hardware tools, and online social network platforms.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"citizen science","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"It is enabled by the rise of new technologies (such as \nthe internet, the web or mobile phones), open source software \nand hardware tools or online social network platforms.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1449/c429","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/8b88fd6238d44b01","nativeRecordCid":"038e8444-cb93-4644-bb9c-cb35a1ce9852","documentId":"osft-doc-1449","id":"c429","text":"There has been an upsurge in citizen science in the past decades.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"citizen science","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The past decades have witnessed an upsurge in “citizen \nscience”","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1449/c430","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/f27059b1ea844858","nativeRecordCid":"e47fb12e-86bc-4a3a-8237-5d818ec74282","documentId":"osft-doc-1449","id":"c430","text":"Citizens' involvement in science takes many forms.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"citizens' involvement in science","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"citizens´ involvement in science takes many \nforms and has brought about a wide range of activities.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1449/c431","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/137d45637e5a4236","nativeRecordCid":"85cb1149-7c54-412f-b92d-dfd67bb18d5c","documentId":"osft-doc-1449","id":"c431","text":"Citizens' involvement in science has brought about a wide range of activities.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"citizens' involvement in science","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"citizens´ involvement in science takes many \nforms and has brought about a wide range of activities.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1449/c432","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/5b9eb25b7121463d","nativeRecordCid":"87fe1aad-9ae9-4304-8d32-d881a75c81ce","documentId":"osft-doc-1449","id":"c432","text":"Citizen science results from Open Science.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"citizen science","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Citizen science results from and contributes to Open Science.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1449/c433","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/966782d164ad43f5","nativeRecordCid":"7b96dfd5-4ab7-4fe6-ad93-9f9a3a02b48c","documentId":"osft-doc-1449","id":"c433","text":"Citizen science contributes to Open Science.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"citizen science","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Citizen science results from and contributes to Open Science.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1449/c434","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/1f75dbc3b48745d5","nativeRecordCid":"a3da5de5-b314-47d0-9961-436a6ce5754e","documentId":"osft-doc-1449","id":"c434","text":"Citizen participants should be recognized properly.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"","subject":"citizen participants","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Citizen participants should be recognized properly and \nprovided with clear terms and conditions of participation","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1449/c435","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/77256bbd5d0a41e5","nativeRecordCid":"d891989a-2f82-403c-931d-b9dea2afe277","documentId":"osft-doc-1449","id":"c435","text":"Citizen participants should be provided with clear terms and conditions of participation.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"","subject":"citizen participants","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Citizen participants should be recognized properly and \nprovided with clear terms and conditions of participation","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1449/c436","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/06da35a735a343bf","nativeRecordCid":"7be8a3a4-af95-459b-abfa-9b941d4c21f8","documentId":"osft-doc-1449","id":"c436","text":"The adoption of codes of conduct for citizen science should be encouraged.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"","subject":"citizen science codes of conduct","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"and the \nadoption of codes of conduct should be encouraged.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1449/c437","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/8c79c5da2ebf4b4f","nativeRecordCid":"4be4a158-fd25-41ad-8c7f-cb75bfffbd32","documentId":"osft-doc-1449","id":"c437","text":"Researchers should adopt Open Science standards consistent with their institutional policies, including open access publication, open data standards, open source software, and full transparency of research methods.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"researchers","subject":"Open Science standards adoption","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Researchers should also adopt Open Science standards \nconsistent with their institutional policies (open access \npublication, open data standards, open source \nsoftware, and extending to full transparency of research \nmethods).","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1449/c438","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/37477e5669404edf","nativeRecordCid":"507a3f59-9f6d-45b1-a9ff-9ac532325930","documentId":"osft-doc-1449","id":"c438","text":"Citizen science allows research projects to use large and varied data sets collected by citizens.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"citizen science","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Citizen science allows research projects to use large and \nvaried data sets collected by citizens, to tap the experience \nand knowledge of citizens; it enhances universities´ \nengagement with society and fosters citizens´ scientific \ninvolvement.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1449/c439","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/be1d088704ef4ba9","nativeRecordCid":"2251dc6a-d9ee-4a07-b070-8283a68a73f4","documentId":"osft-doc-1449","id":"c439","text":"Citizen science allows research projects to tap the experience and knowledge of citizens.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"citizen science","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Citizen science allows research projects to use large and \nvaried data sets collected by citizens, to tap the experience \nand knowledge of citizens; it enhances universities´ \nengagement with society and fosters citizens´ scientific \ninvolvement.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1449/c440","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/2ff193f6819d4209","nativeRecordCid":"f405e61f-c211-472c-9a07-af2f9a9de452","documentId":"osft-doc-1449","id":"c440","text":"Citizen science enhances universities' engagement with society.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"citizen science","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"it enhances universities´ \nengagement with society and fosters citizens´ scientific \ninvolvement.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1449/c441","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/29d6c8768aff4c57","nativeRecordCid":"7ce2c233-59b4-49a3-9f14-4f692a105759","documentId":"osft-doc-1449","id":"c441","text":"Citizen science fosters citizens' scientific involvement.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"citizen science","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"it enhances universities´ \nengagement with society and fosters citizens´ scientific \ninvolvement.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1449/c442","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/c2fd9b7f86c04855","nativeRecordCid":"88a25a33-a096-4b01-be4f-8f613360916c","documentId":"osft-doc-1449","id":"c442","text":"A long-term data preservation plan that enables open access to results and data, ideally sustainable beyond the end of the project, should be adopted.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"","subject":"long-term data preservation plan","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"A long-term data \npreservation plan that enables open access to results and \ndata, ideally sustainable beyond the end of the project should \nbe adopted.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1449/c443","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/6c9f7326f7044da9","nativeRecordCid":"ae9577bb-86f2-4122-82bc-a22a099393f3","documentId":"osft-doc-1449","id":"c443","text":"Universities can benefit from citizen science.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"citizen science benefits","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Both universities and society at large can \nbenefit from citizen science.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1449/c444","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/158d4f00be024cee","nativeRecordCid":"6149cb63-49c0-4633-866a-35066fb35bde","documentId":"osft-doc-1449","id":"c444","text":"Society at large can benefit from citizen science.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"citizen science benefits","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Both universities and society at large can \nbenefit from citizen science.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1449/c445","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/1407c74680434c63","nativeRecordCid":"534992e4-cdbe-4a88-bf56-bc2e5a7afcb8","documentId":"osft-doc-1449","id":"c445","text":"For citizen science to be science, it needs to adhere to scientific standards.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"","subject":"citizen science","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"However, for citizen science \nto be “science” it needs to adhere to scientific standards.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1449/c446","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/84191263236d47e4","nativeRecordCid":"503452c9-2aa1-433b-9c35-f37b57675815","documentId":"osft-doc-1449","id":"c446","text":"Citizens' involvement in science has to abide by fundamental research principles, methods and procedures to ensure accuracy and validity and be truly beneficial to research.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"","subject":"citizens' involvement in science","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Citizen´s involvement in science has to abide by fundamental \nresearch principles, methods and procedures so as to ensure \naccuracy and validity and be truly beneficial to research.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1449/c447","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/5866f75af76f4504","nativeRecordCid":"0e9dbfd4-9115-4f84-9860-16a90c8ee28c","documentId":"osft-doc-1449","id":"c447","text":"Researchers developing citizen science projects should invest in outreach and community management to ensure adequate numbers and diversity in the project.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"researchers developing citizen science projects","subject":"citizen science project outreach","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Researchers developing citizen science projects should \ninvest in outreach and community management to ensure \nadequate numbers and diversity in the project","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1449/c448","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/3b0cd7f5cce6450b","nativeRecordCid":"e59d70bc-15b1-4caa-bdb8-387b0ea6cf23","documentId":"osft-doc-1449","id":"c448","text":"Researchers developing citizen science projects should clearly define the impact they aim to have.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"researchers developing citizen science projects","subject":"citizen science project impact","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"they should \nclearly define the impact they aim to have","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1449/c449","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/fb0d5c8d71c040d3","nativeRecordCid":"7853db42-697c-4c36-9006-aae29ef858bc","documentId":"osft-doc-1449","id":"c449","text":"Researchers developing citizen science projects should encourage all participants fully to contribute their talents and creativity to the project.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"researchers developing citizen science projects","subject":"citizen participant contribution","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"and encourage \nall participants fully to contribute their talents and creativity \nto the project.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1449/c450","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/40b4e37540c64514","nativeRecordCid":"d08b2de2-4d0a-40b0-b977-60ad251aebd1","documentId":"osft-doc-1449","id":"c450","text":"Research funding organisations should promote the use of Open Science practices in citizen science projects.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"research funding organisations","subject":"Open Science practices in citizen science","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"research funding organisations \nare encouraged to promote the use of Open Science \npractices in citizen science projects (by requiring open \naccess to publications, open data standards, use of open \nsource software, …)","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1449/c451","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/05f12d2848844a74","nativeRecordCid":"8707e666-36e1-4e2a-ab83-03a46dea40f1","documentId":"osft-doc-1449","id":"c451","text":"Universities should ensure that proposals to granting bodies for citizen science projects include long-term commitment for infrastructures and data repositories.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"universities","subject":"citizen science funding proposals","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Ensure that proposals to granting \nbodies for citizen \nscience projects include long-term commitment for \ninfrastructures and data repositories.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1449/c452","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/0c103d9f87e94ccf","nativeRecordCid":"5a239330-cb9a-46e1-864f-d938cab6b751","documentId":"osft-doc-1449","id":"c452","text":"Research funding organisations should recognise a wide range of success criteria when supporting citizen science projects.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"research funding organisations","subject":"citizen science success criteria","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"to recognise a wide range of success \ncriteria when supporting citizen science projects","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1449/c453","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/968eee30e47945db","nativeRecordCid":"ac20b2e0-a6e9-4574-a869-0ed86186ab34","documentId":"osft-doc-1449","id":"c453","text":"Research funding organisations should ensure adequate funding for community management, platform development and other non-research functions characteristic of citizen science.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"research funding organisations","subject":"citizen science funding","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"to \nensure adequate funding for community management, \nplatform development and other non-research functions \ncharacteristics of citizen science.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1449/c454","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/0d27e2ab6de048da","nativeRecordCid":"079133ab-f320-49a6-872e-32cff6cc73f5","documentId":"osft-doc-1449","id":"c454","text":"Policy making bodies should develop guidelines for legal, ethical, commercial and privacy issues in citizen science.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"policy making bodies","subject":"citizen science guidelines","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Policy making bodies are encourage to develop guidelines for \nlegal, ethical, commercial and privacy issues","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1449/c455","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/a4851407ed1e4113","nativeRecordCid":"3c765157-d410-447e-ac11-be1c172170ba","documentId":"osft-doc-1449","id":"c455","text":"Policy making bodies should encourage long-term collaboration between research universities and non-governmental organisations.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"policy making bodies","subject":"university-NGO collaboration","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"to encourage \nlong-term collaboration between research universities \nand non-governmental organisations","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1449/c456","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/c2b26cd547da4a6f","nativeRecordCid":"81fe4f89-cb16-40e0-b3c6-16f89d94f60e","documentId":"osft-doc-1449","id":"c456","text":"Policy making bodies should commission independent studies to evaluate the reliability of citizen science and help ensure projects use evidence-based methodologies.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"policy making bodies","subject":"citizen science evaluation studies","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"and to commission \nindependent studies to evaluate the reliability of citizen \nscience and help ensure projects use evidence-based \nmethodologies.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1449/c457","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/c907812fb868420f","nativeRecordCid":"7ca90dbd-4e9a-4f96-a177-a7e64885544b","documentId":"osft-doc-1449","id":"c457","text":"Options for replacing traditional metrics exist but have not yet received universal acceptance.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"alternative metrics options","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Options exist, but these have not yet received universal \nacceptance.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1449/c458","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/12be6fc1c78e4bdc","nativeRecordCid":"b7d9cd14-7a13-470f-83c9-7091c3edd32f","documentId":"osft-doc-1449","id":"c458","text":"Universities should recognise citizen science as an evolving set of research methods.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"universities","subject":"citizen science recognition","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Recognise citizen science as an evolving set of research \nmethods, as well as its societal and educational benefits.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1449/c459","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/1354507dae784947","nativeRecordCid":"a486d691-4e50-4c56-a47b-acee553833d7","documentId":"osft-doc-1449","id":"c459","text":"Universities should recognise the societal and educational benefits of citizen science.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"universities","subject":"citizen science benefits","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Recognise citizen science as an evolving set of research \nmethods, as well as its societal and educational benefits.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1449/c460","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/cb511e8917b94912","nativeRecordCid":"aa3f158d-6f5e-4971-83fe-4485d5aaee8e","documentId":"osft-doc-1449","id":"c460","text":"Universities may consider creating, where viable, a single point of contact for citizen science within the institution.","kind":"normative","modality":"may","actor":"universities","subject":"citizen science point of contact","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Consider creating, where viable, a single point of contact \nfor citizen science within the institution.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1449/c461","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/d7234fcf8d064259","nativeRecordCid":"35e215a1-9905-4775-8d6e-c4de75a0ff98","documentId":"osft-doc-1449","id":"c461","text":"Universities should raise awareness amongst researchers of criteria for successful citizen science.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"universities","subject":"researcher awareness of citizen science","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Raise awareness amongst researchers of criteria for \nsuccessful citizen science and ensure compliance with \nethical, legal and privacy regulations.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1449/c462","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/c392cdbb5f33414b","nativeRecordCid":"6753045e-ab5d-4220-9886-b906a78979d6","documentId":"osft-doc-1449","id":"c462","text":"Universities should ensure compliance with ethical, legal and privacy regulations for citizen science.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"universities","subject":"citizen science regulatory compliance","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Raise awareness amongst researchers of criteria for \nsuccessful citizen science and ensure compliance with \nethical, legal and privacy regulations.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1449/c463","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/3a8f8e420a9c4e64","nativeRecordCid":"02466f0c-8dad-4856-bd60-32f02aa8e576","documentId":"osft-doc-1449","id":"c463","text":"Universities should develop ways of assessing citizen science contributions.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"universities","subject":"assessment of citizen science contributions","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Develop ways of assessing citizen science contributions \nand adapt research evaluation and reputation systems \naccordingly.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1449/c464","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/60f3682186134b94","nativeRecordCid":"89b704b5-1634-4079-828a-32b05cc5ec13","documentId":"osft-doc-1449","id":"c464","text":"Universities should adapt research evaluation and reputation systems to account for citizen science contributions.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"universities","subject":"research evaluation systems and citizen science","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Develop ways of assessing citizen science contributions \nand adapt research evaluation and reputation systems \naccordingly.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1449/c465","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/6fd97bf71a314d14","nativeRecordCid":"e6db6a2b-00be-499b-85b8-1058a24b0953","documentId":"osft-doc-1449","id":"c465","text":"Costs are always an issue and can be hard to determine.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"costs of Open Science implementation","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"costs are always an issue and can be hard to determine,","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1449/c466","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/7c010c9b424f402c","nativeRecordCid":"e6e3127d-ca74-4d78-90d0-6645299bfe38","documentId":"osft-doc-1449","id":"c466","text":"Academic reluctance to change well-honed practices is an important challenge.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"academic reluctance to change","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Another \nimportant challenge is academic reluctance to change well-\nhoned practices.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1449/c467","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/6b16fb9bdd7747f0","nativeRecordCid":"8a973617-4829-4efa-b7b1-e07457fe6163","documentId":"osft-doc-1449","id":"c467","text":"Traditional forms of evaluation may not easily work in an open landscape for next-generation metrics.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"traditional evaluation methods","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"For next-generation metrics, it is clear that \ntraditional forms of evaluation may not easily work in an open \nlandscape.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1449/c468","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/ca7d884e24904def","nativeRecordCid":"2df90368-a57b-40a2-b661-b0815ec42818","documentId":"osft-doc-1449","id":"c468","text":"Open Science brings many benefits.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"Open Science","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"It brings many benefits, but also many challenges.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1449/c469","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/3f3bb99f2f964125","nativeRecordCid":"e330af1b-9739-4964-85a2-f6dd0c72c35b","documentId":"osft-doc-1449","id":"c469","text":"Open Science brings many challenges.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"Open Science","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"It brings many benefits, but also many challenges.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1449/c470","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/5f4160ec03b449b5","nativeRecordCid":"66ab4727-4766-4327-a371-c8640e3026e0","documentId":"osft-doc-1449","id":"c470","text":"The academic community is still far from clear about what can replace traditional forms of evaluation.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"academic community consensus on evaluation replacement","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Nevertheless, the community is still far from clear \nabout what can replace them.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1449/c471","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/47635cc12a754f9e","nativeRecordCid":"8ce10dc1-962b-48eb-8675-190ec830e044","documentId":"osft-doc-1449","id":"c471","text":"Universities that are able to capitalise on the opportunities that Open Science brings stand to gain competitive advantages and added value for the organisation, the people in it and society at large.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"universities capitalising on Open Science","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Universities that are able to capitalise on the opportunities \nthat Open Science brings stand to gain a lot in terms of \ncompetitive advantages and added value for the organisation, \nthe people in it and society at large.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1449/c472","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/d6656b90ea2548f0","nativeRecordCid":"72b74528-3e34-4676-86b4-7cecb2b24bfa","documentId":"osft-doc-1449","id":"c472","text":"The Journal Impact Factor is still widely used in many institutions despite the publication of DORA.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"Journal Impact Factor","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The Journal Impact \nFactor is still alive in many institutions despite the publication \nof the San Francisco Declaration on Research Assessment \n(DORA).","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1449/c473","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/ba1cd7f1f4164792","nativeRecordCid":"53cb3731-579b-4ea4-a0d2-895e0811f33d","documentId":"osft-doc-1449","id":"c473","text":"Open Science has the power to change how universities produce, store and disseminate their research and educational outputs.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"Open Science","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Open Science has \nthe power to change how universities produce, store and \ndisseminate their research and educational outputs.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1449/c474","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/a7ab610cd9c3463a","nativeRecordCid":"4823cd2b-7232-4f05-8ae8-83cc37fbe00e","documentId":"osft-doc-1449","id":"c474","text":"Open Science represents a fundamental change in the way universities and their scholars work.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"Open Science","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Open Science represents a fundamental change in the way \nuniversities and their scholars work.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1449/c475","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/8088b510efbb47e6","nativeRecordCid":"068dd5cc-c61f-4e22-bd48-0f86d185ce2d","documentId":"osft-doc-1449","id":"c475","text":"Open Access research monographs have high download figures.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"Open Access research monographs","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"we see the impact of Open Access research monographs \nwith high download figures","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1449/c476","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/d734d78211f242ba","nativeRecordCid":"0ff1ce54-aca2-49ec-b58e-1886ddf50e48","documentId":"osft-doc-1449","id":"c476","text":"Adoption of the principle 'as open as possible, as closed as necessary' enables the building blocks on which publications are based to be made available for the scholarly community to replicate and verify research findings.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"research data openness principle","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"the adoption of the principle \n‘As open as possible, as closed as necessary’ \nmeans that the building blocks on which publications are \nbased can be made available for the scholarly community to \nreplicate and verify research findings.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1449/c477","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/93f8aeb0504b4379","nativeRecordCid":"9bd6de41-25f0-4c16-824e-37345e68b893","documentId":"osft-doc-1449","id":"c477","text":"Increased openness has the power to change the way universities interact with society.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"openness and university-society interaction","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"This increased openness \nalso has the power to change the way universities interact \nwith society.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1449/c478","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/684142f72f4e4760","nativeRecordCid":"585396e3-3594-43b7-b993-a036e52100de","documentId":"osft-doc-1449","id":"c478","text":"There are great benefits to be derived from embracing Open Science approaches.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"Open Science approaches","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The LERU universities agree that overall there are great \nbenefits to be derived from embracing Open Science \napproaches.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1449/c479","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/ef37393b58974728","nativeRecordCid":"80af55dc-5515-4b12-8a4b-f7ff85047163","documentId":"osft-doc-1449","id":"c479","text":"Cultural change at the university level is needed to support Open Science.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"","subject":"university cultural change","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Perhaps one of our most important messages \nin this paper is to emphasise the need for cultural change at \nthe university level.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1449/c480","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/a8a02243337d4aa3","nativeRecordCid":"91d2f582-3072-43d2-9ed4-a3a64a888331","documentId":"osft-doc-1449","id":"c480","text":"Open Science brings new and exciting opportunities for the scholarly community.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"Open Science opportunities","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"We are convinced Open Science brings new and exciting \nopportunities for the scholarly community and for how \nacademics interact with society.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1449/c481","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/fb21706a0e8b4639","nativeRecordCid":"23fe61cb-b997-48dd-9568-fb41f19e95dc","documentId":"osft-doc-1449","id":"c481","text":"Open Science brings new and exciting opportunities for how academics interact with society.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"Open Science opportunities","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"We are convinced Open Science brings new and exciting \nopportunities for the scholarly community and for how \nacademics interact with society.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1449/c482","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/07261966c40644ab","nativeRecordCid":"4721d13f-c3e5-4113-8302-40d3a11e3568","documentId":"osft-doc-1449","id":"c482","text":"Sales of traditional, commercially-produced academic monographs are currently under significant pressure.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"traditional academic monograph sales","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"when \ncurrently sales of traditional, commercially-produced \nacademic monographs are under significant pressure.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1449/c483","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/93b896d393514cf1","nativeRecordCid":"d1b10422-d145-4310-84c4-22554112f900","documentId":"osft-doc-1449","id":"c483","text":"Research data transparency is good for the university.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"research data transparency","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"This transparency is \ngood for the university, good for the researcher and hence \ngood for the role of the university in society.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1449/c484","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/61b81da53a634e64","nativeRecordCid":"f359363d-dcc3-44ca-b46d-f99c9e703f4f","documentId":"osft-doc-1449","id":"c484","text":"Research data transparency is good for the researcher.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"research data transparency","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"This transparency is \ngood for the university, good for the researcher and hence \ngood for the role of the university in society.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1449/c485","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/136f41e8ed5447f3","nativeRecordCid":"e2147b10-1bcb-48d0-8244-dc55da036752","documentId":"osft-doc-1449","id":"c485","text":"Research data transparency is good for the role of the university in society.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"research data transparency","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"This transparency is \ngood for the university, good for the researcher and hence \ngood for the role of the university in society.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1449/c486","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/adc0e9ff89584fe7","nativeRecordCid":"cfc94c39-f17a-4dce-a70c-38093cc1618c","documentId":"osft-doc-1449","id":"c486","text":"The potential benefits of Open Science outlined in the paper are substantial.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"Open Science benefits","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Although the potential benefits outlined in our paper are \nsubstantial,","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1449/c487","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/f48c8061a5654f3b","nativeRecordCid":"90401f47-2cd6-4e9b-b2e7-937835e2e4d2","documentId":"osft-doc-1449","id":"c487","text":"The challenges for universities on the road to Open Science should not be underestimated.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"","subject":"Open Science implementation challenges","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"the challenges for universities on the road \nto Open Science are not to be underestimated.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1449/c488","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/5d7590bc502a4764","nativeRecordCid":"9f8bea85-772b-4d93-94ba-7266fda0af9a","documentId":"osft-doc-1449","id":"c488","text":"Universities should have institutional mandates to support the move to full Open Access.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"universities","subject":"institutional Open Access mandates","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Have institutional mandates to support the move to full Open Access, whose implementation can be monitored regularly.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1449/c489","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/891236b942814832","nativeRecordCid":"dc680d31-b0df-4560-b8ef-df1c356efd49","documentId":"osft-doc-1449","id":"c489","text":"Implementation of institutional Open Access mandates can be monitored regularly.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"institutional Open Access mandates","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Have institutional mandates to support the move to full Open Access, whose implementation can be monitored regularly.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1449/c490","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/ce4ae6cba1194882","nativeRecordCid":"d1623d92-9bf3-4bb2-84cb-6e759b20e607","documentId":"osft-doc-1449","id":"c490","text":"Universities should adopt or update an institutional policy on research data management embracing the FAIR principles.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"universities","subject":"research data management policy","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Adopt or update an institutional policy on research data management -ideally modelled on the template produced by \nLEARN61-, embracing the FAIR principles and based on an ‘as open as possible, as closed as necessary’ philosophy, and \nestablish a dedicated committee on research data management to monitor the implementation and uptake of such a policy.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1449/c491","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/77a548d42ab74d4e","nativeRecordCid":"c074eb75-c494-4958-84d0-66a04eabd8bf","documentId":"osft-doc-1449","id":"c491","text":"The institutional policy on research data management should be based on an 'as open as possible, as closed as necessary' philosophy.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"universities","subject":"research data management policy","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Adopt or update an institutional policy on research data management -ideally modelled on the template produced by \nLEARN61-, embracing the FAIR principles and based on an ‘as open as possible, as closed as necessary’ philosophy, and \nestablish a dedicated committee on research data management to monitor the implementation and uptake of such a policy.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1449/c492","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/2f4a6f99e0444dc6","nativeRecordCid":"d1fdfcb0-5f41-4cb1-8dad-2a0d90237b76","documentId":"osft-doc-1449","id":"c492","text":"Universities should create a catalogue of where researchers have published or stored their data.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"universities","subject":"catalogue of published data","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Create a catalogue of where researchers have published data (or stored if not available for any reason)– as is currently done \nwith publications, and consider how to use this information in any research assessment or evaluation (cf. recommendations \non rewards).","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1449/c493","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/24f592cb97e04c25","nativeRecordCid":"cdb06ec5-166a-4c59-ba58-befbdc48b068","documentId":"osft-doc-1449","id":"c493","text":"Metadata for restricted research data should fulfil the FAIR principles.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"","subject":"metadata for restricted data","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"making sure such metadata fulfil the FAIR principles, and establishing a grade of \naccessibility to those restricted research data.62","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1449/c494","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/42c43254e17d4825","nativeRecordCid":"e2f2b40f-0541-430a-9446-9fe2c803c70f","documentId":"osft-doc-1449","id":"c494","text":"Universities should ensure institutional access to the requisite infrastructure, such as a locally managed data repository where research data is available for sharing and reuse.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"universities","subject":"institutional data infrastructure access","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Ensure institutional access to the requisite infrastructure, such as a locally managed data repository where research data is \navailable for sharing and reuse, or that they ensure researchers understand where third-party storage solutions are available, \nwhich can themselves be part of the EOSC.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1449/c495","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/b40eea8de0ea4bd0","nativeRecordCid":"52f6173b-aa1d-4dda-b9a2-05417162b54e","documentId":"osft-doc-1449","id":"c495","text":"Universities should ensure that researchers understand where third-party storage solutions are available.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"universities","subject":"third-party storage awareness","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"or that they ensure researchers understand where third-party storage solutions are available, \nwhich can themselves be part of the EOSC.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1449/c496","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/a12f72a3f07b420e","nativeRecordCid":"da8fa386-363d-4751-80a6-ae3fc3d9b1e1","documentId":"osft-doc-1449","id":"c496","text":"Universities should move to sign the EOSC Declaration over time, as a statement of commitment at a local level.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"universities","subject":"EOSC Declaration","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Move to sign the EOSC Declaration over time, as a statement of commitment at a local level, as LERU has done as an \ninternational network.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1449/c497","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/701a39fc54b948a5","nativeRecordCid":"af14b8b4-27f4-46aa-8643-209d976ddcb1","documentId":"osft-doc-1449","id":"c497","text":"Universities should develop their research data management offering so that it is aligned with the principles of engagement with the EOSC, once the latter are agreed and available.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"universities","subject":"alignment with EOSC principles","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Develop their research data management offering so that it is aligned with the principles of engagement with the EOSC, \nonce the latter are agreed and available, and in the expectation that the EOSC develops a more customer-centric approach \nto stakeholder outreach, which would facilitate engagement with researchers, academic support staff and service providers \nat universities in the development of its services.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1449/c498","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/237c16bb7b5a4a75","nativeRecordCid":"b8519307-9f3b-448d-b4ee-76b1515901a0","documentId":"osft-doc-1449","id":"c498","text":"Universities should integrate Open Science concepts, thinking, and practical applications in educational and skills development programmes, taking into account the different Open Science dimensions and the varying needs of different audiences and disciplines.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"universities","subject":"Open Science in skills programmes","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Integrate Open Science concepts, thinking, and its practical applications in educational and skills development \nprogrammes, analysing and mapping their needs for Open Science skills training, taking into account the different Open \nScience dimensions and the varying needs of different audiences, different disciplines, etc.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1449/c499","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/9fb43cf31f294da3","nativeRecordCid":"d39574ca-ab9b-43bd-acf0-d71030001ecd","documentId":"osft-doc-1449","id":"c499","text":"Universities should communicate their Open Science recognition and reward policies clearly and transparently.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"universities","subject":"communication of reward policies","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"communicate them clearly and transparently, make them easy to find and access, and provide proper guidance or training to \nthose who are involved in staff recruitment, appraisal and promotion in the university.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1449/c500","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/3135dc0393e94892","nativeRecordCid":"f05cddb5-aad7-477b-af8a-9cfff677d97e","documentId":"osft-doc-1449","id":"c500","text":"Universities should make their Open Science recognition and reward policies easy to find and access.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"universities","subject":"accessibility of reward policies","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"make them easy to find and access, and provide proper guidance or training to \nthose who are involved in staff recruitment, appraisal and promotion in the university.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1449/c501","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/92bcba49c7824ba7","nativeRecordCid":"5551e8f6-6493-47ad-83d4-db4135664d1d","documentId":"osft-doc-1449","id":"c501","text":"Universities should provide proper guidance or training to those involved in staff recruitment, appraisal and promotion regarding Open Science recognition and reward policies.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"universities","subject":"guidance for recruitment and promotion staff","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"and provide proper guidance or training to \nthose who are involved in staff recruitment, appraisal and promotion in the university.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1449/c502","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/70d840c8648345a1","nativeRecordCid":"a31d628e-cd02-4a4d-86a3-195386f9bf07","documentId":"osft-doc-1449","id":"c502","text":"Universities should develop individual HR criteria for recognising and rewarding Open Science in job descriptions, performance appraisals and promotion criteria, taking into account staff's multiple responsibilities including research output, process, impact, teaching, supervision, leadership, service, public engagement, and collaborative and team accomplishments.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"universities","subject":"individual HR criteria for Open Science","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Develop individual HR criteria for recognising and rewarding Open Science in job descriptions, performance appraisals and \npromotion criteria, for all or most research and teaching staff, which take into account their multiple responsibilities, in terms \nof research output, process, impact, teaching and supervision, leadership, service to the university, public engagement, \nprofessional experience, as well as considering collaborative and team accomplishments in addition to individual \naccomplishments when appropriate.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1449/c503","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/ea1c451021a64787","nativeRecordCid":"81084974-8695-48b2-bbea-fd5ec679c5eb","documentId":"osft-doc-1449","id":"c503","text":"Universities should develop a bibliometrics policy grounded in the principles of the Leiden Manifesto.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"universities","subject":"bibliometrics policy","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Develop a bibliometrics policy grounded in the principles of the Leiden Manifesto, with the aim of changing the culture in the \nacademic community about research assessment.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1459/c1","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/51d5b82ebc094f3e","nativeRecordCid":"c9ad963b-344c-41b0-a1cf-5881027100b0","documentId":"osft-doc-1459","id":"c1","text":"Scholarly research can be idealised as an inspirational process for advancing collective knowledge to the benefit of all humankind.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"scholarly research","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Scholarly research can be idealised as an inspirational process for advancing our collective knowledge to the benefit of all humankind.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1459/c2","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/ebad63983a75406c","nativeRecordCid":"06b60be7-2e45-4297-a9b4-878d7b2fafff","documentId":"osft-doc-1459","id":"c2","text":"Current research practices often struggle with a range of tensions.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"current research practices","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"However, current research practices often struggle with a range of tensions, in part due to the fact that this collective (or “commons”) ideal conflicts with the competitive system in which most scholars work, and in part because much of the infrastructure of the scholarly world is becoming largely digital.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1459/c3","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/fbd8a1a7046244f7","nativeRecordCid":"36cfea10-11ae-4d20-be87-5a47ada43892","documentId":"osft-doc-1459","id":"c3","text":"The collective (\"commons\") ideal of scholarly research conflicts with the competitive system in which most scholars work.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"the commons ideal of research","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"However, current research practices often struggle with a range of tensions, in part due to the fact that this collective (or “commons”) ideal conflicts with the competitive system in which most scholars work, and in part because much of the infrastructure of the scholarly world is becoming largely digital.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1459/c4","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/f28cd9dd09534d70","nativeRecordCid":"54f7f5b7-5aec-40c7-86e1-bf6f70e8654f","documentId":"osft-doc-1459","id":"c4","text":"Much of the infrastructure of the scholarly world is becoming largely digital.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"infrastructure of the scholarly world","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"However, current research practices often struggle with a range of tensions, in part due to the fact that this collective (or “commons”) ideal conflicts with the competitive system in which most scholars work, and in part because much of the infrastructure of the scholarly world is becoming largely digital.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1459/c5","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/8508768ffc004ee3","nativeRecordCid":"6cf30d03-508a-4a2d-9b2a-020db38e2940","documentId":"osft-doc-1459","id":"c5","text":"Open Scholarship is an attempt to realign modern research practices with the collective (commons) ideal.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"Open Scholarship","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"What is broadly termed as Open Scholarship is an attempt to realign modern research practices with this ideal.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1459/c6","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/7bb96298166d4934","nativeRecordCid":"bde40200-3220-4d3a-bf6f-a5df207f9437","documentId":"osft-doc-1459","id":"c6","text":"Open Scholarship is a holistic term that encompasses many disciplines.","kind":"definitional","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"Open Scholarship","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"We do not propose a definition of Open Scholarship, but recognise that it is a holistic term that encompasses many disciplines, practices, and principles, sometimes also referred to as Open Science or Open Research.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1459/c7","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/9a8920e506604686","nativeRecordCid":"f3e504eb-e1e5-4c01-9bba-04b5f69d26b3","documentId":"osft-doc-1459","id":"c7","text":"Open Scholarship is a holistic term that encompasses many practices.","kind":"definitional","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"Open Scholarship","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"We do not propose a definition of Open Scholarship, but recognise that it is a holistic term that encompasses many disciplines, practices, and principles, sometimes also referred to as Open Science or Open Research.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1459/c8","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/ee59eb62c10145cc","nativeRecordCid":"19980b16-941e-4c71-ba8a-cae429396e4b","documentId":"osft-doc-1459","id":"c8","text":"Open Scholarship is a holistic term that encompasses many principles.","kind":"definitional","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"Open Scholarship","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"We do not propose a definition of Open Scholarship, but recognise that it is a holistic term that encompasses many disciplines, practices, and principles, sometimes also referred to as Open Science or Open Research.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1459/c9","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/3927f3a34a4c47cc","nativeRecordCid":"677b0d77-80b5-49bd-bf28-371209275403","documentId":"osft-doc-1459","id":"c9","text":"Open Scholarship is sometimes also referred to as Open Science or Open Research.","kind":"definitional","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"Open Scholarship","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"We do not propose a definition of Open Scholarship, but recognise that it is a holistic term that encompasses many disciplines, practices, and principles, sometimes also referred to as Open Science or Open Research.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1459/c10","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/6c3b120b70e84e96","nativeRecordCid":"a832394b-c7f3-45f2-82f2-c1dc7d24db96","documentId":"osft-doc-1459","id":"c10","text":"The impact of widespread adoption of Open Scholarship will be diverse.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"widespread adoption of Open Scholarship","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Ultimately, we expect the impact of widespread adoption of Open Scholarship to be diverse.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1459/c11","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/73cdf58e644841c0","nativeRecordCid":"2527efd2-0228-49a8-a575-9aa670b6dae7","documentId":"osft-doc-1459","id":"c11","text":"Novel research practices will accelerate the pace of innovation.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"novel research practices","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"We expect novel research practices to accelerate the pace of innovation, and therefore stimulate critical industries around the world.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1459/c12","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/a1cf88ca21b74ab9","nativeRecordCid":"332d65cf-86e6-4c9e-8444-a1b861dc8ec5","documentId":"osft-doc-1459","id":"c12","text":"Novel research practices will stimulate critical industries around the world.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"novel research practices","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"We expect novel research practices to accelerate the pace of innovation, and therefore stimulate critical industries around the world.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1459/c13","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/d68be54e27724d0b","nativeRecordCid":"bd643441-b68a-4f1d-a042-8c0916bdc718","documentId":"osft-doc-1459","id":"c13","text":"Transparency is becoming more normative in science and scholarship.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"transparency in science and scholarship","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"We could also expect to see an increase in public trust of science and scholarship, as transparency becomes more normative.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1459/c14","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/03c32d7af8864286","nativeRecordCid":"2f4bddbb-6ef0-40f1-ad4b-599115392308","documentId":"osft-doc-1459","id":"c14","text":"Increasing transparency in science and scholarship leads to an increase in public trust of science and scholarship.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"transparency and public trust","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"We could also expect to see an increase in public trust of science and scholarship, as transparency becomes more normative.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1459/c15","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/62aa0a2627f54343","nativeRecordCid":"203d9066-9604-4998-bc1b-051b8ea03952","documentId":"osft-doc-1459","id":"c15","text":"Open Scholarship has an inherent influence on society and global economics.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"Open Scholarship","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"As such, we expect interest in Open Scholarship to increase at multiple levels, due to its inherent influence on society and global economics.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1459/c16","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/7cef1f8ea9814ca0","nativeRecordCid":"c3424797-011f-47aa-9adb-f8d4b59c52e5","documentId":"osft-doc-1459","id":"c16","text":"Interest in Open Scholarship will increase at multiple levels.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"interest in Open Scholarship","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"As such, we expect interest in Open Scholarship to increase at multiple levels, due to its inherent influence on society and global economics.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1459/c17","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/31e90dd46e4c4da0","nativeRecordCid":"d2596849-6624-4d98-87dc-45e00cf0555e","documentId":"osft-doc-1459","id":"c17","text":"Different academic fields need to discuss what is culturally appropriate for themselves regarding Open Scholarship.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"different academic fields/disciplines","subject":"culturally appropriate open scholarship practices","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"There is clearly a need for different fields to discuss what is culturally appropriate for themselves; however, this strategy can provide a foundation for guiding those discussions.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1459/c18","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/9f0a76acaf14402e","nativeRecordCid":"9b80d9c2-b989-4880-8de0-dab705fd5565","documentId":"osft-doc-1459","id":"c18","text":"Communities have the best insight into real life barriers to Open Scholarship and how to overcome them.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"communities","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"These communities will have the best insight into real life barriers and how to overcome them, and will be able to identify new realities at the different hierarchical levels, which can then be incorporated into decision making processes.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1459/c19","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/c848004b10e046e9","nativeRecordCid":"90dbd9b2-1e61-49db-b1c3-8b283c81c8ac","documentId":"osft-doc-1459","id":"c19","text":"Communities are able to identify new realities at different hierarchical levels that can be incorporated into decision making processes.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"communities","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"These communities will have the best insight into real life barriers and how to overcome them, and will be able to identify new realities at the different hierarchical levels, which can then be incorporated into decision making processes.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1459/c20","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/4d7fb9d5bd2d4a0d","nativeRecordCid":"313afc10-1ff3-4a4e-bd31-0fb7295594bd","documentId":"osft-doc-1459","id":"c20","text":"Individual researchers should search for existing data they can reuse instead of creating their own data.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"individual researchers","subject":"reuse of existing data","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Search for existing data you can reuse instead of creating your own data.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1459/c21","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/74e5e95cea684b80","nativeRecordCid":"20674db2-0467-4584-b705-4842ad83c770","documentId":"osft-doc-1459","id":"c21","text":"Individual researchers may use and support more open search engines, such as Open Knowledge Maps, instead of proprietary services.","kind":"normative","modality":"may","actor":"individual researchers","subject":"open search engines","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Consider using and supporting more open search engines, such as Open Knowledge Maps , instead of proprietary services.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1459/c22","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/bb1b2f8431664563","nativeRecordCid":"9dd78db0-efb6-4ebd-8444-5432d2d5c05d","documentId":"osft-doc-1459","id":"c22","text":"Individual researchers should make their research outputs easily discoverable, published in journals, websites, or other repositories, with appropriate identifiers and metadata.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"individual researchers","subject":"discoverability of research outputs","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Also make sure that all of your research outputs are easily discoverable, published either in journals, websites, or other repositories, and with appropriate identifiers and metadata.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1459/c23","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/9c46fb9355964fe4","nativeRecordCid":"ada26374-199a-4454-b070-4d0d38c2421f","documentId":"osft-doc-1459","id":"c23","text":"Individual researchers should use RSS readers such as Feedly to aggregate news and research updates from a number of sources.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"individual researchers","subject":"aggregating research updates","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Use RSS readers such as Feedly to easily aggregate news and research updates from a number of sources.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1459/c24","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/e737f15d99a64f58","nativeRecordCid":"db404858-34d0-434a-9e1f-296074a90889","documentId":"osft-doc-1459","id":"c24","text":"Individual researchers should adopt a broad-scale approach to the variety of open scholarly research and education practices.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"individual researchers","subject":"open scholarly research and education practices","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Adopt a broad-scale approach to the variety of open scholarly research and education practices.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1459/c25","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/f2405c2a9cbe442e","nativeRecordCid":"fe684260-d332-41c6-906d-84b363c988be","documentId":"osft-doc-1459","id":"c25","text":"Individual researchers should adopt open source and/or free software for research and analysis so that computational processing can be audited by the community and tools are available to everyone.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"individual researchers","subject":"open source software for research","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Adopt the use of open source and/or free software for the conduct of research and analysis so that the computational processing can be audited by the community, and so that the tools used are available to everyone to increase productivity and collaboration.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1459/c26","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/565dec53d11d4b31","nativeRecordCid":"592ccdf5-d890-4fc7-9d5f-daad77939562","documentId":"osft-doc-1459","id":"c26","text":"Individual researchers should establish and foster practices of re-use and remix to help create a thriving open scholarship culture.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"individual researchers","subject":"re-use and remix practices","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Establish and foster practices of re-use and remix to help create a thriving open scholarship culture, based around collaboration and sharing.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1459/c27","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/1e64dfb1f6b6402e","nativeRecordCid":"87647d48-c9df-4588-9524-22180e694660","documentId":"osft-doc-1459","id":"c27","text":"Individual researchers may pre-register studies to openly document research.","kind":"normative","modality":"may","actor":"individual researchers","subject":"pre-registering studies","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Where needed, also consider pre-registering studies, sharing protocols, and using lab notebooks to openly document research.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1459/c28","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/7036b368714345fc","nativeRecordCid":"7ed6508a-c5ff-4909-9be3-8e150c651583","documentId":"osft-doc-1459","id":"c28","text":"Individual researchers may share protocols to openly document research.","kind":"normative","modality":"may","actor":"individual researchers","subject":"sharing protocols","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Where needed, also consider pre-registering studies, sharing protocols, and using lab notebooks to openly document research.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1459/c29","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/18ed89b0e4874e0c","nativeRecordCid":"8c0791f0-f788-471c-a843-5be076586c5d","documentId":"osft-doc-1459","id":"c29","text":"Individual researchers may use lab notebooks to openly document research.","kind":"normative","modality":"may","actor":"individual researchers","subject":"lab notebooks","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Where needed, also consider pre-registering studies, sharing protocols, and using lab notebooks to openly document research.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1459/c30","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/64513a74528849ee","nativeRecordCid":"a5e8a06a-7a7e-4543-9bc2-4dab5ef2dc02","documentId":"osft-doc-1459","id":"c30","text":"Individual researchers should answer relevant questions and join discussions on public websites such as Ask Open Science, Stack Overflow, the Open Science subreddit and Twitter.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"individual researchers","subject":"engagement on public websites","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Answer relevant questions and join in discussions on public websites, e.g. Ask Open Science , Stack Overflow , the Open Science subreddit and Twitter .","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1459/c31","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/dddf2958d4e24d00","nativeRecordCid":"0fda8a15-20bc-47c2-8fa0-b5afcfc09c29","documentId":"osft-doc-1459","id":"c31","text":"Individual researchers should make individual contributions to openness that are visible in public.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"individual researchers","subject":"visible contributions to openness","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Make individual contributions to openness that are visible in public (e.g., on a CV, open platform, or personal website/blog).","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1459/c32","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/4b13bb89a0a040a8","nativeRecordCid":"84a18263-02a8-4422-a47f-5601fb760578","documentId":"osft-doc-1459","id":"c32","text":"Individual researchers should become familiar with openly collaborative writing tools such as Overleaf and Google Docs.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"individual researchers","subject":"collaborative writing tools","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Become familiar with openly collaborative writing tools such as Overleaf and Google Docs .","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1459/c33","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/49328042da464e59","nativeRecordCid":"dc580a11-154b-49a3-bcba-032bfc169743","documentId":"osft-doc-1459","id":"c33","text":"Individual researchers may consider 'executable writing formats' using platforms such as Stencila.","kind":"normative","modality":"may","actor":"individual researchers","subject":"executable writing formats","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Also consider ‘executable writing formats’ using platforms such as Stencila .","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1459/c34","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/d2ad0ba817a44bdc","nativeRecordCid":"a08dbfd5-1d9f-4085-a9b1-4bbbaf3e82f7","documentId":"osft-doc-1459","id":"c34","text":"Individual researchers should adopt personal open scholarly practices such as sharing research data and materials in free, openly-licensed formats so methods and results can be freely examined and built upon.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"individual researchers","subject":"open scholarly practices","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Commit to a variety of personal open scholarly practices, such as sharing research data and materials in free, openly-licensed formats so that methods and results can be freely examined and built upon by the wider community.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1459/c35","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/2daa50a45d98460b","nativeRecordCid":"ca085900-f864-4e19-bf7e-89ffe6efd1d0","documentId":"osft-doc-1459","id":"c35","text":"Individual researchers may share their work more rapidly via preprints.","kind":"normative","modality":"may","actor":"individual researchers","subject":"preprints","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Also consider sharing your work more rapidly via use of preprints .","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1459/c36","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/d8ee34abda984821","nativeRecordCid":"fc1f968f-fe21-4057-8293-65a07949ca70","documentId":"osft-doc-1459","id":"c36","text":"Individual researchers should make all supporting code, data, and other relevant information available alongside published papers.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"individual researchers","subject":"supporting code and data availability","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Make sure that all supporting code, data, and other relevant information are available alongside any papers published.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1459/c37","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/387a91b8bd484430","nativeRecordCid":"027dae78-608c-4aab-b5ff-d8a8fb7bd84d","documentId":"osft-doc-1459","id":"c37","text":"Individual researchers should share presentations, posters, and recordings online via platforms such as Zenodo.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"individual researchers","subject":"sharing presentations and posters","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Commit to sharing presentations and posters, as well as any recordings, online via platforms such as Zenodo .","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1459/c38","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/2cb241d354874571","nativeRecordCid":"cb3048b0-fc94-414c-9a3c-6384fa8ac4c1","documentId":"osft-doc-1459","id":"c38","text":"Individual researchers should make their own work available open access.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"individual researchers","subject":"open access publishing","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Most importantly, begin with making your own work available open access , which can almost always be done in some way at no cost .","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1459/c39","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/9996fde6a2d94ec0","nativeRecordCid":"b42f3591-5069-45a4-900e-8117dfb12b18","documentId":"osft-doc-1459","id":"c39","text":"Making one's own work available open access can almost always be done at no cost.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"open access publishing cost","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Most importantly, begin with making your own work available open access , which can almost always be done in some way at no cost .","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1459/c40","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/225ec2582bd54b95","nativeRecordCid":"5a050347-bab4-49c5-aa4e-7e2348121cc7","documentId":"osft-doc-1459","id":"c40","text":"Individual researchers may publish only in APC-free Open Access journals or those operated by non-profits or learned societies.","kind":"normative","modality":"may","actor":"individual researchers","subject":"APC-free open access publishing","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Consider only publishing in APC-free Open Access journals, or those which or operated by non-profits or learned societies.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1459/c41","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/51c8dcd5492e4e6f","nativeRecordCid":"7b9fc0bc-a0c5-4a99-8dee-342cba44430a","documentId":"osft-doc-1459","id":"c41","text":"Individual researchers should refuse to sign copyright transfer agreements unless allowed to retain copyright under a Creative Commons license of their own choosing.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"individual researchers","subject":"copyright transfer agreements","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Refuse to sign copyright transfer agreements (CTAs), unless you are allowed to retain copyright of your work under a Creative Commons license of your own choosing.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1459/c42","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/6cd10ff4a04e4197","nativeRecordCid":"0194de68-2ca1-43bc-8e56-f9ee765f1366","documentId":"osft-doc-1459","id":"c42","text":"Individual researchers may use the SPARC author addendum to legally retain the rights to their work during publication.","kind":"normative","modality":"may","actor":"individual researchers","subject":"retaining author rights","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"If needed, use the SPARC author addendum to legally retain the rights to your work during publicaton.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1459/c43","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/42be7bb039464772","nativeRecordCid":"7e945744-7e1e-4f33-84ec-4903195bb7e2","documentId":"osft-doc-1459","id":"c43","text":"Individual researchers should advocate for funding organisations, governments, research institutions, journals, conferences, and professional societies to adopt policies and mandates related to Open Scholarship practices beyond OA and data sharing.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"individual researchers","subject":"advocacy for open scholarship policies","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Advocate for funding organisations, governments, research institutions, journals, conferences, and professional societies to adopt policies and mandates related to Open Scholarship practices beyond Open Access (OA) and data sharing.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1459/c44","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/48f6a10a3f4144d7","nativeRecordCid":"28c4d437-31e8-4e9f-a696-51cac2c9187a","documentId":"osft-doc-1459","id":"c44","text":"Individual researchers should advocate for open education with corresponding practices to help spread open approaches among peers and the next generation of scientists.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"individual researchers","subject":"advocacy for open education","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Further to that, advocate for open education with corresponding practices in order to help spread approaches to open among peers and the next generation of scientists.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1459/c45","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/dd709fef9ff44025","nativeRecordCid":"77c0cbc6-c2b3-46bc-a8d2-777e16ce619f","documentId":"osft-doc-1459","id":"c45","text":"Individual researchers should work with and collaborate with researchers who practice various aspects of Open Scholarship.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"individual researchers","subject":"collaboration with open scholarship practitioners","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Work with, and collaborate with, researchers who practice various aspects of Open Scholarship, ranging from developing Open Source software and tools to posting preprints and citizen science, and sharing experiences made with approaches to open education.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1459/c46","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/d42f009cc63d44ab","nativeRecordCid":"5683797e-4eee-4ba4-b933-a1bdc9d68a8f","documentId":"osft-doc-1459","id":"c46","text":"Individual researchers should encourage wider adoption of an open mindset that emphasises the importance of the research process over the outcome.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"individual researchers","subject":"open mindset","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Encourage the wider adoption of an open mindset that emphasises the importance of the research process over the outcome.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1459/c47","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/6f685bb7bda14d81","nativeRecordCid":"f70e3b6a-f66f-4a90-8e22-4b3b31953704","documentId":"osft-doc-1459","id":"c47","text":"Individual researchers should establish support structures that help guide other individuals along the path towards Open Scholarship.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"individual researchers","subject":"open scholarship support structures","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Establish support structures (e.g., open workshops, openLabs, walk-in labs and support structures, makerspaces in the wider sense) that help to guide other individuals along the path towards Open Scholarship.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1459/c48","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/883385eeb0c64917","nativeRecordCid":"033de379-5a49-4e58-ace8-ce6ba686a167","documentId":"osft-doc-1459","id":"c48","text":"Individual researchers should form better relationships with other stakeholders involved in Open Scholarship developments.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"individual researchers","subject":"relationships with open scholarship stakeholders","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Form better relationships with other stakeholders involved in Open Scholarship developments (e.g., librarians, policymakers, publishers and other service providers, Open Access advocates, and those actively teaching, plus ICT and other support positions for science & education).","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1459/c49","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/7bf10b29379740ba","nativeRecordCid":"b22ecdb7-cbf5-4a82-8d59-8a5defb69c95","documentId":"osft-doc-1459","id":"c49","text":"Individual researchers may support community initiatives such as the Open Science MOOC for wider training in open scientific practices.","kind":"normative","modality":"may","actor":"individual researchers","subject":"open science training initiatives","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Consider supporting community initiatives such as the Open Science MOOC for more widespread training in open scientific practices.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1459/c50","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/b9f092f755df4aa4","nativeRecordCid":"4005d832-97a4-49f6-b151-bd5c172eb5b5","documentId":"osft-doc-1459","id":"c50","text":"Individual researchers should leave constructive comments/annotations on preprints/code with open tools such as hypothes.is.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"individual researchers","subject":"open annotation tools","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Leave constructive comments/annotations on preprints/code etc. with open tools such as hypothes.is .","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1459/c51","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/ede4573dc6f647a6","nativeRecordCid":"f52d9f2e-f16d-4b4c-8249-48ed2a15de88","documentId":"osft-doc-1459","id":"c51","text":"Individual researchers should react positively to requests for open peer review and requests from non-profits and learned societies.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"individual researchers","subject":"open peer review requests","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"React positively to requests for open peer review, and requests from non-profits and learned societies.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1459/c52","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/69b45f72c1a145a5","nativeRecordCid":"839bb931-e856-4447-9fa2-380793d13e12","documentId":"osft-doc-1459","id":"c52","text":"Individual researchers may refuse to perform peer review and editorial work for free to commercial publishers.","kind":"normative","modality":"may","actor":"individual researchers","subject":"unpaid peer review for commercial publishers","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Also consider refusing to perform peer review (and editorial work) for free to commercial publishers.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1459/c53","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/fc978169105c403a","nativeRecordCid":"11ebd977-6c51-448b-ba75-d41f5206e835","documentId":"osft-doc-1459","id":"c53","text":"Individual researchers should request that all relevant materials be made open and properly cited during reviewing, per the Peer Reviewers' Openness Initiative.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"individual researchers","subject":"open materials in peer review","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Request that all relevant materials (data, software, etc.) be made open and be properly cited in your reviewing, as per the Peer Reviewers’ Openness Initiative .","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1459/c54","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/a4ae593cfec64753","nativeRecordCid":"da35975b-25cf-4045-af1f-bba538ec7d7d","documentId":"osft-doc-1459","id":"c54","text":"Individual researchers should adhere in practice to the principles of the San Francisco Declaration on Research Assessment.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"individual researchers","subject":"DORA principles","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Sign the San Francisco Declaration on Research Assessment (DORA) as a commitment to improving how research is assessed. Make sure to adhere to the principles too in practice.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1459/c55","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/c5e72daed7cc4116","nativeRecordCid":"b64268bb-159f-4b28-8849-ae62dcd863ba","documentId":"osft-doc-1459","id":"c55","text":"Individual researchers should adopt the Leiden Manifesto for research metrics.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"individual researchers","subject":"Leiden Manifesto","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Adopt the Leiden Manifesto for research metrics.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1459/c56","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/fc0f8ea634f34ac3","nativeRecordCid":"03e60a11-f383-4daa-b80a-f3975f7ee4f3","documentId":"osft-doc-1459","id":"c56","text":"Individual researchers should not judge work based on its impact factor or venue of publication.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"individual researchers","subject":"judging work by impact factor","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Do not judge work based on its impact factor or venue of publication.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1459/c57","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/2796375274ea4f3c","nativeRecordCid":"2a2a4a1e-3779-4068-9bfc-48feb745aa1d","documentId":"osft-doc-1459","id":"c57","text":"Individual researchers may establish an ImpactStory profile to document their research impact.","kind":"normative","modality":"may","actor":"individual researchers","subject":"documenting research impact","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Consider establishing an ImpactStory profile to document your research impact more.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1459/c58","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/b6804a1c10f647ae","nativeRecordCid":"21b83c6c-b2cc-4c0e-bbb8-bfa06a37b7a1","documentId":"osft-doc-1459","id":"c58","text":"Research groups should search for existing data from other labs and individuals they can reuse instead of creating duplicate data.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"research groups and labs","subject":"reuse of existing data","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Search for existing data from other labs and individuals you can reuse instead of creating your own duplicate data.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1459/c59","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/1293c403a9964293","nativeRecordCid":"228a017a-5dfd-43ed-a30e-1db4a5eb8e53","documentId":"osft-doc-1459","id":"c59","text":"Research groups should adopt shared data as a research output as a best practice for Open Scholarship.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"research groups and labs","subject":"shared data as research output","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Adopt best practices for Open Scholarship, including shared data as a research output, addressing publication bias, and “questionable research practices” with bias-reducing workflows.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1459/c60","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/045d0749be9a4a93","nativeRecordCid":"ccb9ad22-a2ba-453c-bf25-55cf9a60eafd","documentId":"osft-doc-1459","id":"c60","text":"Research groups should address publication bias as a best practice for Open Scholarship.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"research groups and labs","subject":"publication bias","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Adopt best practices for Open Scholarship, including shared data as a research output, addressing publication bias, and “questionable research practices” with bias-reducing workflows.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1459/c61","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/01ddac197f294b77","nativeRecordCid":"adf5c4c6-2a9b-4019-820a-ef47249fa233","documentId":"osft-doc-1459","id":"c61","text":"Research groups should address questionable research practices with bias-reducing workflows.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"research groups and labs","subject":"questionable research practices","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Adopt best practices for Open Scholarship, including shared data as a research output, addressing publication bias, and “questionable research practices” with bias-reducing workflows.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1459/c62","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/2478bddb8b0b4ae6","nativeRecordCid":"e83b2383-79c4-4d55-853d-e21260615a3c","documentId":"osft-doc-1459","id":"c62","text":"Research groups should highlight best practice showcases to demonstrate what is possible with Open Scholarship and its wider advantages.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"research groups and labs","subject":"best practice showcases","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Highlight best practice showcases in order to demonstrate what is actually possible with Open Scholarship, and what the wider advantages can be.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1459/c63","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/378616de86c645a2","nativeRecordCid":"ed3846b7-e3bd-4681-9dc3-f7f2e3eab30b","documentId":"osft-doc-1459","id":"c63","text":"Research groups may have group/lab profiles on public discussion platforms.","kind":"normative","modality":"may","actor":"research groups and labs","subject":"group profiles on platforms","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Consider having group/lab profiles where needed on these platforms.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1459/c64","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/5040b6d42a09488a","nativeRecordCid":"bb81e32a-deb9-4cfd-b61b-429e7dd87af7","documentId":"osft-doc-1459","id":"c64","text":"Research groups should refuse to engage with publishers who have restrictive preprint, Open Access, and copyright policies or are otherwise antagonistic to progressive open scholarship practices.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"research groups and labs","subject":"restrictive publishers","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Refuse to engage with publishers who have restrictive preprint, Open Access, and copyright policies, or are otherwise antagonstic to progressive open scholarship practices and policies.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1459/c65","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/538f2c19e7a74976","nativeRecordCid":"f289d63f-2dbe-4eab-ae51-e56aa29bbbe4","documentId":"osft-doc-1459","id":"c65","text":"Research groups should commit to sharing preprints for the open and rapid dissemination of their work.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"research groups and labs","subject":"sharing preprints","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Commit to sharing preprints for the open and rapid dissemination of your work.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1459/c66","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/5d49cdd311814534","nativeRecordCid":"80c42773-b5b3-4140-aeb8-04352a1cd1d7","documentId":"osft-doc-1459","id":"c66","text":"Research groups should locate Open Scholarship hotspots and link them together to help community cohesion and expansion.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"research groups and labs","subject":"open scholarship hotspots","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Locate Open Scholarship hotspots (i.e., venues or groups for regular exchange and discussion about community building) and find a way to link them together to help community cohesion and expansion.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1459/c67","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/b8f2e2c17ce14ef6","nativeRecordCid":"ed8dbae9-51cb-434e-bc67-9f4df8bc7925","documentId":"osft-doc-1459","id":"c67","text":"Research groups should establish a local Open Scholarship hotspot if one does not yet exist.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"research groups and labs","subject":"establishing open scholarship hotspots","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"If a local Open Scholarship hotspot does not yet exist, establish it (e.g., using the Meetup platform).","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1459/c68","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/54daeba46d9b43bf","nativeRecordCid":"73937542-ad24-41a4-b683-52c701bcc867","documentId":"osft-doc-1459","id":"c68","text":"Research groups should use national/international/regional communities to support lower-level learning and knowledge sharing of Open Scholarship practices, especially in varying cultural settings.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"research groups and labs","subject":"knowledge sharing communities","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Use these national/international/regional communities to support lower-level learning and knowledge sharing of Open Scholarship practices, especially in varying cultural settings.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1459/c69","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/d446f36d8b674b12","nativeRecordCid":"d8fe6963-c2c7-477d-902d-39dd53779bbd","documentId":"osft-doc-1459","id":"c69","text":"Research groups should start discussions towards a shared open science pledge or code of conduct for their department, lab, or research group.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"research groups and labs","subject":"open science pledge or code of conduct","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Start discussions towards an implicit or explicit (shared) open science pledge or code of conduct for your department, lab, or research group.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1459/c70","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/e5cf9d7cd07c4cba","nativeRecordCid":"83a387e2-82d1-46b5-a5f9-de72ea8088f5","documentId":"osft-doc-1459","id":"c70","text":"Research groups should establish rights experts to help with copyright issues and effective use of Creative Commons licenses.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"research groups and labs","subject":"rights experts","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Establish rights experts who might help with questions regarding copyright issues and the effective use of Creative Commons licenses.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1459/c71","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/12bc2c695575465d","nativeRecordCid":"cadffdff-4ab6-4b2d-bf49-58edfed52682","documentId":"osft-doc-1459","id":"c71","text":"Research groups should advocate to decision makers at journals, publishers, funders, and institutions to recognize and reward a variety of Open Scholarship activities.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"research groups and labs","subject":"advocacy to decision makers","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Advocate to decision makers at scholarly journals, publishers, funders, and higher education and research institutions to recognize and reward a variety of Open Scholarship activities, particularly regarding research evaluation and open education policies.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1459/c72","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/eae8c315efd84f31","nativeRecordCid":"2bb66dce-1002-4da1-b638-33788f35d7af","documentId":"osft-doc-1459","id":"c72","text":"Research groups should initiate debates on meaningful standards and practices at a disciplinary level for publishing data.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"research groups and labs","subject":"disciplinary data publishing standards","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Initiate debates on meaningful standards and practices at a disciplinary level for publishing data (e.g., the FAIR principles ).","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1459/c73","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/160ec17d214644bf","nativeRecordCid":"10d413ba-c372-44af-8ebd-76d19b419ba0","documentId":"osft-doc-1459","id":"c73","text":"Research groups should improve engagement between faculty advisory boards, researchers, students and librarians regarding Open Scholarship practices and principles.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"research groups and labs","subject":"engagement on open scholarship","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Improve engagement between faculty advisory boards, researchers, students and librarians regarding Open Scholarship practices (see Fig. 1 and 2) and principles.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1459/c74","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/b939470812e54eeb","nativeRecordCid":"cce9f9c2-e458-465b-9b59-a9f0e6b904c7","documentId":"osft-doc-1459","id":"c74","text":"Research groups should engage communication departments and research assessment officials and organize sessions to inform them about open science and scholarship.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"research groups and labs","subject":"informing assessment officials","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Engage communication departments and research assessment officials. Organize sessions to tell them about open science and scholarship, and be sensitive to the fact that it may imply they change their entire view of what is important in science and what their role could be.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1459/c75","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/02ee0e5787164d58","nativeRecordCid":"582f7962-fe12-4565-96d9-216629b0231b","documentId":"osft-doc-1459","id":"c75","text":"Research groups should start discussions with University Ranking Providers to include an openness element in their indicators.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"research groups and labs","subject":"university ranking indicators","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Start discussions with University Ranking Providers (e.g., QS, Times Higher Education) to include an openness element to their indicators.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1459/c76","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/2826736e968e4fcb","nativeRecordCid":"c6423f25-fee4-4d69-b313-2a0b7d010125","documentId":"osft-doc-1459","id":"c76","text":"Research institutions may explore substituting proprietary software with open source alternatives.","kind":"normative","modality":"may","actor":"research institutions and funding bodies","subject":"open source software substitution","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Explore substituting proprietary software with open source alternatives.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1459/c77","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/d874f9c9de3547fc","nativeRecordCid":"5a689c08-c933-4354-a448-f8da7bfce9c3","documentId":"osft-doc-1459","id":"c77","text":"Research institutions should require researchers to work with open standards and file formats.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"research institutions and funding bodies","subject":"open standards and file formats","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Require researchers to work with open standards and file formats (either exclusively or in addition to proprietary standards and file formats).","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1459/c78","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/64ba3c53f1ce4a70","nativeRecordCid":"901042a4-0b06-4f67-8bd6-1631004c9989","documentId":"osft-doc-1459","id":"c78","text":"Research institutions should map and coordinate when current subscription and big deal licenses will run out across research institutes and let them lapse.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"research institutions and funding bodies","subject":"subscription license expiration","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Map and coordinate when current subscription and big deal licenses will run out across research institutes, and let it happen.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1459/c79","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/30e6314956da46a7","nativeRecordCid":"47f249b7-456a-47f6-a4ea-598dbc658076","documentId":"osft-doc-1459","id":"c79","text":"Research institutions should ensure adequate post-subscription access and support using existing sustainable and legal mechanisms where cancellations or terminations occur.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"research institutions and funding bodies","subject":"post-subscription access","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Where cancellations or terminations occur, ensure that there is adequate post-subscription access and support using existing sustainable and legal mechanisms (e.g., Inter-Library Loan).","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1459/c80","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/2943b298497e42ff","nativeRecordCid":"1a67f51b-88cc-4514-8d30-78ff4cdf3ec9","documentId":"osft-doc-1459","id":"c80","text":"Research institutions should ensure sufficient co-ordination between libraries and relevant others beforehand so libraries can continue to provide outstanding services without interruption.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"research institutions and funding bodies","subject":"library co-ordination","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Make sure that there is sufficient co-ordination between libraries and relevant others beforehand, so that libraries can continue to provide outstanding services without interruption.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1459/c81","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/a1463f33393e48dd","nativeRecordCid":"4b22c55e-1ac8-499d-a125-62f11bddf506","documentId":"osft-doc-1459","id":"c81","text":"Research institutions may explore routes for reinvesting money saved for library budgets.","kind":"normative","modality":"may","actor":"research institutions and funding bodies","subject":"reinvesting library budget savings","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Explore routes for reinvesting money saved for library budgets.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1459/c82","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/cf58981c1b5e40b3","nativeRecordCid":"70d92a51-2eda-4754-ab8c-6ad0378b4677","documentId":"osft-doc-1459","id":"c82","text":"Research institutions should purchase back legacy documents and incorporate them into the scholarly body of work.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"research institutions and funding bodies","subject":"purchasing back legacy documents","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Purchase back any legacy documents and incorporate them into the scholarly body of work.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1459/c83","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/ce36a649d84840eb","nativeRecordCid":"7056ffc9-469c-49c6-a3eb-5dbf61dee2df","documentId":"osft-doc-1459","id":"c83","text":"Research institutions should improve the open sharing and archiving of legacy articles on which copyright has expired.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"research institutions and funding bodies","subject":"legacy article archiving","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Also improve the open sharing and archiving of legacy articles on which copyright has expired.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1459/c84","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/f0faecaedaaa4e95","nativeRecordCid":"16feb337-4a5f-46a9-ba52-82d1e89db916","documentId":"osft-doc-1459","id":"c84","text":"Research institutions should help inform researchers about the Author Alliance termination of transfer tool to help them retain their author rights.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"research institutions and funding bodies","subject":"author rights retention tool","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Help to inform researchers more about the Author Alliance termination of transfer tool to help them retain their rights as authors.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1459/c85","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/6d4b4304daf64052","nativeRecordCid":"451bdf26-412a-4033-b811-795a3b4497b0","documentId":"osft-doc-1459","id":"c85","text":"Research funders can define the limits of what is an acceptable standard of publication.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"research funders","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Research funders can define the limits of what is an acceptable standard of publication.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1459/c86","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/2443fc00043c4153","nativeRecordCid":"e9770ca5-8a1b-42f5-873d-f8464f066577","documentId":"osft-doc-1459","id":"c86","text":"Research funders have the power to mandate publication in journals with a cap on APCs and BPCs.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"research funders","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"They therefore have the power to mandate publication in journals with a cap on APCs and BPCs, or in OA-only venues (with specific licenses), or in those with short or zero-length embargoes on self-archiving (e.g., Emerald, The Royal Society).","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1459/c87","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/08335b5fe32845a8","nativeRecordCid":"a32aea61-660f-4627-8e36-f95c28e31344","documentId":"osft-doc-1459","id":"c87","text":"Research funders have the power to mandate publication in OA-only venues with specific licenses.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"research funders","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"They therefore have the power to mandate publication in journals with a cap on APCs and BPCs, or in OA-only venues (with specific licenses), or in those with short or zero-length embargoes on self-archiving (e.g., Emerald, The Royal Society).","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1459/c88","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/dbff7d83ad124a2f","nativeRecordCid":"cdb59c66-0af5-4148-920c-f5d06f5c1f5d","documentId":"osft-doc-1459","id":"c88","text":"Research funders have the power to mandate publication in journals with short or zero-length embargoes on self-archiving.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"research funders","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"They therefore have the power to mandate publication in journals with a cap on APCs and BPCs, or in OA-only venues (with specific licenses), or in those with short or zero-length embargoes on self-archiving (e.g., Emerald, The Royal Society).","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1459/c89","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/30a49d1b3ca84f6c","nativeRecordCid":"aa454e3d-6414-4a7d-8975-30e677d2c2be","documentId":"osft-doc-1459","id":"c89","text":"Research institutions should refuse to engage with publishers that double dip on payments.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"research institutions and funding bodies","subject":"double dipping publishers","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Refuse to engage with publishers that double dip on payments.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1459/c90","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/09681525e04c4f83","nativeRecordCid":"27a1587c-d087-4154-a8de-c0991f0995f6","documentId":"osft-doc-1459","id":"c90","text":"Research institutions should demand transparency and data in cases where double dipping is suspected.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"research institutions and funding bodies","subject":"demanding transparency from publishers","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Demand transparency and data in cases where there is a suspicion that this is occurring (for an overview, see e.g. Buranyi, 2017 ).","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1459/c91","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/7150ec8e42c14d3c","nativeRecordCid":"62401781-062b-482a-b35a-1dc3bde9f57d","documentId":"osft-doc-1459","id":"c91","text":"Research institutions should refuse to engage with publishers in which there is no transparency around subscription or Open Access pricing, including those insisting on non-disclosure agreements in licensing contracts.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"research institutions and funding bodies","subject":"publisher pricing transparency","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Refuse to engage with publishers in which there is no transparency around pricing for either subscriptions or Open Access. This includes with publishers who insist on using non-disclosure agreements as part of licensing contract terms.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1459/c92","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/06b84e8540e3445a","nativeRecordCid":"160acad6-033c-4850-9248-019defc84c77","documentId":"osft-doc-1459","id":"c92","text":"Research institutions should engage publishers on being more transparent about the financial aspects of their publishing workflows.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"research institutions and funding bodies","subject":"publisher financial transparency","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Engage publishers on being more transparent about the financial aspects of their publishing workflows, similar to those such as Ubiquity Press .","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1459/c93","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/caf9db70b4844e3b","nativeRecordCid":"994e8c68-3186-4bc9-8b5a-8a79205fcebd","documentId":"osft-doc-1459","id":"c93","text":"Research institutes should refuse to engage with publishers who have restrictive preprint, Open Access, or copyright policies.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"research institutes","subject":"engagement with restrictive publishers","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Refuse to engage with publishers who have restrictive preprint, Open Access, or copyright policies.","representedInStars":true}
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{"key":"osft-doc-1459/c120","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/b46fb04b80f2483c","nativeRecordCid":"9ef033af-156b-4484-88c9-27e7d49e1b31","documentId":"osft-doc-1459","id":"c120","text":"Those in charge of research assessment, including hiring, tenure, and grant-awarding committees, should adhere to the DORA principles.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"hiring, tenure, and grant-awarding committees","subject":"adherence to DORA principles","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Make sure that those in charge of research assessment, including hiring, tenure, and grant-awarding committees adhere to these.","representedInStars":true}
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{"key":"osft-doc-1459/c124","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/39fcf1d0e688444f","nativeRecordCid":"d9491027-a09b-40a9-a93b-3c462f5db86d","documentId":"osft-doc-1459","id":"c124","text":"National level actors must mandate ORCID for researchers across all research outputs.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"national level actors","subject":"ORCID mandate","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Mandate ORCID for researchers across all research outputs to help assist in the persistent identification of authors across the entire research literature, and easier research discoverability.","representedInStars":true}
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{"key":"osft-doc-1459/c127","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/7f41bd4cea5246bf","nativeRecordCid":"6bb318e4-7966-49ef-a5a7-70d6e44dd5c0","documentId":"osft-doc-1459","id":"c127","text":"National level actors should create scholarly standards to implement an alternative non-profit and community-owned scholarly publishing platform or environment.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"national level actors","subject":"alternative publishing platform standards","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Create scholarly standards to implement an alternative non-profit and community-owned scholarly publishing platform/environment (using the funds freed from subscriptions, building on existing repositories/environments and infrastructure).","representedInStars":true}
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{"key":"osft-doc-1459/c129","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/57180f8615284d41","nativeRecordCid":"5e6daa79-9af7-4842-ac61-9638dc6ed0a5","documentId":"osft-doc-1459","id":"c129","text":"Article-processing charges in hybrid titles should be reduced to match the market average for OA-only journals.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"national level actors","subject":"APC reduction in hybrid titles","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"A reduction of article-processing charges (APCs) and book-processing charges (BPCs) in hybrid titles to match the market average for OA-only journals and presses.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1459/c130","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/38d0139f13bb489e","nativeRecordCid":"3626dcf4-0856-44eb-9a46-996ee727fc60","documentId":"osft-doc-1459","id":"c130","text":"Book-processing charges in hybrid titles should be reduced to match the market average for OA-only presses.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"national level actors","subject":"BPC reduction in hybrid titles","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"A reduction of article-processing charges (APCs) and book-processing charges (BPCs) in hybrid titles to match the market average for OA-only journals and presses.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1459/c131","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/2fb245633b814dfa","nativeRecordCid":"49c5ae80-2750-438d-ad23-a8d1dfda6ebc","documentId":"osft-doc-1459","id":"c131","text":"The scholarly publishing market might require a detailed government-level investigation in order to stabilise it.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"scholarly publishing market stabilisation","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The scholarly publishing market might require a detailed government-level investigation in order to stabilise this.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1459/c132","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/01ae5befe76d4d3d","nativeRecordCid":"bfebce30-947a-4852-a8c6-bfca7008be15","documentId":"osft-doc-1459","id":"c132","text":"Where subscriptions have not yet expired, national level actors must mandate offsetting agreements for hybrid journal titles to reduce double-dipping.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"national level actors","subject":"offsetting agreements mandate","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Where subscriptions have not yet expired, mandate offsetting agreements for hybrid journal titles in order to reduce double-dipping.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1459/c133","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/fe0ee4c9a6674b0e","nativeRecordCid":"4cadccf9-fa39-4b4f-9521-d80101c26bc2","documentId":"osft-doc-1459","id":"c133","text":"Where offsetting deals are in place, these may be streamlined and standardised across sectors to reduce administrative burden.","kind":"normative","modality":"may","actor":"national level actors","subject":"streamlining offsetting deals","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Where offsetting deals are in place, these can be streamlined and standardised across sectors to reduce administrative burden.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1459/c134","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/d9166d5d148447c6","nativeRecordCid":"0a96eff4-ef48-4acb-ac73-20b4a3a393cf","documentId":"osft-doc-1459","id":"c134","text":"Scholarly publishers should engage with the UK Scholarly Communications License, which enables authors to retain more of their rights.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"scholarly publishers","subject":"UK Scholarly Communications License engagement","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"For scholarly publishers to engage with the new UK Scholarly Communications License that enables authors to retain more of their rights.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1459/c135","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/aa84f156a49942c1","nativeRecordCid":"61375610-1a0f-42a2-9df0-16906e94bef4","documentId":"osft-doc-1459","id":"c135","text":"Publisher engagement with the UK Scholarly Communications License would reduce the time spent on embargo processing.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"effect of UK SCL adoption","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"This would reduce the time spent on embargo processing, the cost spent on hybrid APCs and BPCs, and for researchers in the UK, help them to comply with the UKRI Open Access policy .","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1459/c136","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/880895c8f2ad427f","nativeRecordCid":"fdd31c15-c1ba-474a-af94-819f6d1d7494","documentId":"osft-doc-1459","id":"c136","text":"Publisher engagement with the UK Scholarly Communications License would reduce the cost spent on hybrid APCs and BPCs.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"effect of UK SCL adoption","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"This would reduce the time spent on embargo processing, the cost spent on hybrid APCs and BPCs, and for researchers in the UK, help them to comply with the UKRI Open Access policy .","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1459/c137","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/aa86b26f0a0b44d1","nativeRecordCid":"7cadd161-e206-4aa3-975a-bf8914ef9ca1","documentId":"osft-doc-1459","id":"c137","text":"Publisher engagement with the UK Scholarly Communications License would help researchers in the UK comply with the UKRI Open Access policy.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"effect of UK SCL adoption","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"This would reduce the time spent on embargo processing, the cost spent on hybrid APCs and BPCs, and for researchers in the UK, help them to comply with the UKRI Open Access policy .","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1459/c138","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/d61a6efda4fb4d38","nativeRecordCid":"7af8af53-c858-4e13-8765-dd03147dbea4","documentId":"osft-doc-1459","id":"c138","text":"Entities outside of the UK should consider extending the UK Scholarly Communications License, or relevant variations of it, towards other regional funding and licensing strategies.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"entities outside the UK","subject":"extending UK SCL abroad","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"For those outside of the UK to consider extending the UK SCL (or relevant variations of it) towards other regional funding and licensing strategies.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1459/c139","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/dcefaefa7d8646a1","nativeRecordCid":"1b14c59b-f2bc-4269-b047-4972e6f8bdc3","documentId":"osft-doc-1459","id":"c139","text":"The scholarly publishing sector should adopt no-questions-asked fee waiver policies for researchers from lower- to middle-income countries or those with a demonstrable financial need.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"the scholarly publishing sector","subject":"fee waiver policies","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Sector-wide adoption of no-questions-asked fee waiver policies for researchers from lower- to middle-income countries, or those with a demonstrable financial need.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1459/c140","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/b0505e82879f44bc","nativeRecordCid":"dbe48a0a-afd9-4a38-a837-e950084c0a4e","documentId":"osft-doc-1459","id":"c140","text":"The majority of scholarly journals should be transformed, or flipped, from subscription to Open Access publishing in accordance with community-specific publication preferences.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"","subject":"flipping journals to Open Access","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"To transform (or flip) the majority of scholarly journals from subscription to Open Access publishing in accordance with community-specific publication preferences.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1459/c141","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/4fda2c95027b457b","nativeRecordCid":"7ee608d5-ea09-4497-be5c-bd72a79d5150","documentId":"osft-doc-1459","id":"c141","text":"National level actors should create new or support existing international library consortia and collaborations to co-operate on infrastructure developments.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"national level actors","subject":"international library consortia","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Create new or support/contact existing international library consortia/collaborations (e.g., the International Coalition of Library Consortia ) to co-operate on infrastructure developments (e.g., LIBER , EIFL , ARL , and SPARC ).","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1459/c142","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/4cc269271e5a47d0","nativeRecordCid":"a3777a53-cd38-4e79-94bf-8340ea79820b","documentId":"osft-doc-1459","id":"c142","text":"National level actors should sign on to the Global Sustainability Coalition for Open Science Services (SCOSS).","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"national level actors","subject":"SCOSS sign-on","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Sign on to the Global Sustainability Coalition for Open Science Services (SCOSS) , and investigate coalitions with the Open Research Funders Group .","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1459/c143","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/3cb48a09e8d04e67","nativeRecordCid":"011ae186-b218-433a-bf06-3bfbb8516e14","documentId":"osft-doc-1459","id":"c143","text":"National level actors should investigate coalitions with the Open Research Funders Group.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"national level actors","subject":"Open Research Funders Group coalitions","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Sign on to the Global Sustainability Coalition for Open Science Services (SCOSS) , and investigate coalitions with the Open Research Funders Group .","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1459/c144","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/6cf595fec62a44e2","nativeRecordCid":"f659b3e9-1bb3-4955-959a-f0dba3643e06","documentId":"osft-doc-1459","id":"c144","text":"Consortia such as the German Projekt DEAL could provide examples of how to take the first step towards this at a national level.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"Projekt DEAL as example","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Consortia like the German Projekt DEAL could provide examples of how to take the first step towards this at a national level.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1459/c145","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/fd24abe301a44e17","nativeRecordCid":"b4676ad8-8852-44f4-a1cc-e12d2a8de71d","documentId":"osft-doc-1459","id":"c145","text":"Gaining support from SPARC for such developments would be useful.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"SPARC support usefulness","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Gaining support from SPARC for any such developments would also be useful.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1459/c146","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/be877759577c4977","nativeRecordCid":"ea5e5ba9-6058-4964-b601-fd81daed2af6","documentId":"osft-doc-1459","id":"c146","text":"OpenAIRE could provide interoperability resolutions to institutional repositories, particularly for the European area with a focus on the long tail of science.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"OpenAIRE interoperability role","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Particularly for the European area and with a focus on the long tail of science, OpenAIRE could provide interoperability resolutions to institutional repositories and enhance their outputs visibility.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1459/c147","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/b77587e69a5949d4","nativeRecordCid":"13149d6a-e9c7-4092-9caf-f13f9431be62","documentId":"osft-doc-1459","id":"c147","text":"OpenAIRE could enhance the outputs visibility of institutional repositories, particularly for the European area with a focus on the long tail of science.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"OpenAIRE visibility role","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Particularly for the European area and with a focus on the long tail of science, OpenAIRE could provide interoperability resolutions to institutional repositories and enhance their outputs visibility.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1459/c148","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/121a19ac247a4194","nativeRecordCid":"a4672f7f-aca0-4b4c-aa50-080f1bfb0a2c","documentId":"osft-doc-1459","id":"c148","text":"Plan S aims for full and immediate Open Access to publications from publicly funded research.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"Plan S aim","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Consider the ramifications of Plan S , which aims for full and immediate Open Access to publications from publicly funded research, for your national and local context, and see what can be done to implement Plan S for your context.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1459/c149","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/bbea5044a7c943f5","nativeRecordCid":"09355234-7b32-4b0c-81fc-331279a731c3","documentId":"osft-doc-1459","id":"c149","text":"National level actors should consider the ramifications of Plan S for their national and local context and determine what can be done to implement Plan S there.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"national level actors","subject":"Plan S implementation consideration","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Consider the ramifications of Plan S , which aims for full and immediate Open Access to publications from publicly funded research, for your national and local context, and see what can be done to implement Plan S for your context.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1459/c150","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/0d6866985acb49ca","nativeRecordCid":"1cac5c6a-e6f4-45b0-ac17-7a5948597852","documentId":"osft-doc-1459","id":"c150","text":"National level actors should support collaborations such as Metadata 2020, NISO/NIST, and eLife to help build richer connectivity between scholarly communication systems and communities.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"national level actors","subject":"scholarly communication collaborations","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Support collaborations such as Metadata 2020 , NISO / NIST , and eLife , to help build a richer connectivity between scholarly communication systems and communities.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1459/c151","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/b72a7b9e2cfb4cf9","nativeRecordCid":"de6d984e-7518-4d5a-9305-63e82fe89f1d","documentId":"osft-doc-1459","id":"c151","text":"National level actors should take action against the privatisation of scholarly works and processes.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"national level actors","subject":"privatisation of scholarly works","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Take action against the privatisation of scholarly works and processes in order to achieve transformation of the publishing industry into one comprised of fair licensing, fair market competition, and under the ownership of the scholarly community.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1459/c152","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/6da2c4a2abcc4feb","nativeRecordCid":"5ae80df5-b81d-4311-8b98-811af00c85a7","documentId":"osft-doc-1459","id":"c152","text":"National level actors should develop sustainable, regional and national roadmaps for Open Scholarship.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"national level actors","subject":"Open Scholarship roadmaps","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Develop sustainable, regional and national roadmaps for Open Scholarship.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1459/c153","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/038ca56562a44c10","nativeRecordCid":"665412d2-62d1-493e-af9a-4f3a7ff88d6a","documentId":"osft-doc-1459","id":"c153","text":"National level actors should encourage wider adoption of preprint and Open Access policies similar to those at the NIH, Wellcome Trust, and the European Commission.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"national level actors","subject":"preprint/OA policy adoption","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Encourage a wider adoption of preprint and Open Access policies similar to those at the NIH (USA) , Wellcome Trust (UK) and the European Commission.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1459/c154","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/45d38e8966194de5","nativeRecordCid":"bd6521ab-5fcb-4f8c-b087-fd3cd018ee4b","documentId":"osft-doc-1459","id":"c154","text":"Research funders should develop calls to support evidence- and theory-based interventions to promote Open Scholarship.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"research funders","subject":"calls for OS interventions","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Encourage research funders to develop calls to support evidence- and theory-based interventions to promote Open Scholarship.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1459/c155","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/69a2194a4fa64526","nativeRecordCid":"4b9acf5d-44a2-457b-ac42-afac49390edc","documentId":"osft-doc-1459","id":"c155","text":"Research funders should fund determinant studies that use behavior change theory to map the determinants of engaging in different Open Scholarship practices.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"research funders","subject":"determinant studies funding","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Fund determinant studies that use behavior change theory to map the determinants of engaging in different Open Scholarship practices","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1459/c156","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/46b2fcd92e4749bf","nativeRecordCid":"53e5daa4-50b4-4cdd-aa3a-bb0386f2165c","documentId":"osft-doc-1459","id":"c156","text":"Research funders should fund studies that use stakeholder theory to explore ways to achieve more Open Scholarship policies at research and education institutions.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"research funders","subject":"stakeholder theory studies funding","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Fund studies that use stakeholder theory to explore ways to achieve more Open Scholarship policies at research and education institutions.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1459/c157","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/8c2582b07e514a0c","nativeRecordCid":"7c0e2389-f11f-49b1-b4b7-b49c7cdc1b61","documentId":"osft-doc-1459","id":"c157","text":"National level actors should invite all relevant stakeholders, including universities, research institutions, learned societies, funders, libraries, and publishers, to collaborate on a transition to open research practices.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"national level actors","subject":"stakeholder collaboration invitation","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"To invite all relevant stakeholders , including universities, research institutions, learned societies, funders, libraries, and publishers, to collaborate on a transition to open research practices for the benefit of scholarship and society at large.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1459/c158","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/e6ffba7bafb349df","nativeRecordCid":"77b31dec-1401-4dab-a7d7-7a23587f6e77","documentId":"osft-doc-1459","id":"c158","text":"National level actors should create showcases, highlights, and good practices of Open Scholarship practices on national websites or portals, together with relevant information and resources.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"national level actors","subject":"national OS showcases","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Create showcases/highlights/good practices of Open Scholarship practices on national websites or portals, together with relevant information and resources.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1459/c159","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/197e194492a64277","nativeRecordCid":"ed5f0b89-ac6d-4718-bed5-dc2354a240a6","documentId":"osft-doc-1459","id":"c159","text":"OpenAIRE National Open Access Desks could provide input and facilitate communication between all stakeholders towards establishing national guides.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"OpenAIRE NOADs role","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"OpenAIRE National Open Access Desks (NOADs) already working on that and could provide input and facilitate communication between all stakeholders towards establishing national guides of sorts.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1459/c160","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/23143d970d964bce","nativeRecordCid":"876eecee-fad5-417a-8772-ee4e75f82d6a","documentId":"osft-doc-1459","id":"c160","text":"National level actors should encourage the formalisation of Open Science Training Courses, such as those offered by FOSTER or as part of OpenScienceMOOC, in graduate school training programs.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"national level actors","subject":"Open Science training formalisation","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Encourage the formalisation of Open Science Training Courses, such as that offered by FOSTER or as part of OpenScienceMOOC , in graduate school training programs (and further).","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1459/c161","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/8e8155af8cc64f37","nativeRecordCid":"8125cd39-c4b8-4f20-a3ac-26d72d9a7176","documentId":"osft-doc-1459","id":"c161","text":"National level actors should create a cost-effectiveness analysis of Open Scholarship, such as the true cost of article publishing.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"national level actors","subject":"cost-effectiveness analysis of Open Scholarship","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Create a cost-effectiveness analysis of Open Scholarship (e.g., true cost of article publishing) to be used as the basis for an argument about how much taxpayer money it costs every year to delay decisions in the above areas.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1459/c162","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/fcd31f6b409b492f","nativeRecordCid":"17473981-fe20-4076-b926-cc667d3f016e","documentId":"osft-doc-1459","id":"c162","text":"Research funders and libraries hold most of the purse strings.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"funders and libraries' financial control","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Research funders and libraries hold most of the purse strings, and further engagement on this front is essential, especially in defining their relative roles in developing or funding scholarly infrastructure.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1459/c163","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/48263e12da7d4235","nativeRecordCid":"55cb82b0-5a9c-49c2-ae59-9b53e4b10ab5","documentId":"osft-doc-1459","id":"c163","text":"Further engagement in defining the relative roles of research funders and libraries in developing or funding scholarly infrastructure is essential.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"","subject":"engagement on funders'/libraries' infrastructure roles","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Research funders and libraries hold most of the purse strings, and further engagement on this front is essential, especially in defining their relative roles in developing or funding scholarly infrastructure.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1459/c164","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/e368923230f84366","nativeRecordCid":"53dcd422-b8ca-4fa8-8e4c-b829dc3da079","documentId":"osft-doc-1459","id":"c164","text":"Simply channelling more money into the existing scholarly system, with its perverse incentives and skewed power dynamics, is no longer sustainable for research.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"sustainability of existing funding system","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Simply channelling more money into the existing system, with perverse incentives and skewed power dynamics, is clearly no longer sustainable for research.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1459/c165","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/c834d6609cb842ae","nativeRecordCid":"71e65719-d69e-4657-9e2c-e91f6e683a0d","documentId":"osft-doc-1459","id":"c165","text":"Research funders should diversify the portfolio of what is considered a research output for assessment purposes.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"research funders","subject":"diversifying research output portfolio","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Encourage research funders to diversify the portfolio of what is considered as a research output for assessment purposes.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1459/c166","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/85bcde380d36425c","nativeRecordCid":"f7e288b4-7c31-4531-b0e6-f23018dd57f9","documentId":"osft-doc-1459","id":"c166","text":"Individual researchers should continue instructing new researchers in best practices regarding Open Scholarship.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"individual researchers","subject":"instructing new researchers","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Continue instructing new researchers in best practices regarding Open Scholarship.","representedInStars":true}
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{"key":"osft-doc-1459/c192","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/cbe359e5bf0e4629","nativeRecordCid":"f55e3689-c48d-4901-a067-2376bbb45a00","documentId":"osft-doc-1459","id":"c192","text":"Research institutes should continue to only engage with publishers and other vendors that have progressively open services, tools, and policies in place.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"research institutes","subject":"engagement with open publishers/vendors","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Continue to only engage with publishers and other vendors that have progressively open services, tools, and policies in place.","representedInStars":true}
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{"key":"osft-doc-1459/c197","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/23a2cb0d282d4c8b","nativeRecordCid":"e382baa4-a29c-4fa0-aa28-c26717e0b311","documentId":"osft-doc-1459","id":"c197","text":"Hybrid journals that attain a higher proportion of Open Access over subscription articles should be encouraged to flip to pure Open Access with an APC that reflects the running costs of the journal.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"national level actors","subject":"flipping hybrid journals with higher OA","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"For any remaining hybrid journals that attain a higher proportion of Open Access over subscription articles, encourage them to flip to pure Open Access with an APC that reflects the running costs of the journal.","representedInStars":true}
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{"key":"osft-doc-1459/c201","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/1df4560fae3449b1","nativeRecordCid":"cb7b3a40-b9b4-4367-afcd-64d15fe71de4","documentId":"osft-doc-1459","id":"c201","text":"National level actors should fund further research into determinants identified as relevant to engaging in Open Scholarship.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"national level actors","subject":"funding determinants research","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Fund further research into determinants identified as relevant to engage in Open Scholarship.","representedInStars":true}
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{"key":"osft-doc-1459/c217","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/ddd3516904e34b87","nativeRecordCid":"9750ee21-02a3-4547-949a-2953cc84b7d1","documentId":"osft-doc-1459","id":"c217","text":"The RDA Early Career and Engagement Interest Group could accommodate students' and junior researchers' needs on Open Science matters through its Mentorship Programme and other activities.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"RDA ECEIG role","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The RDA Early Career and Engagement Interest Group could also accommodate students and junior researchers needs on Open Science matters through its Mentorship Programme and other activities.","representedInStars":true}
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{"key":"osft-doc-1459/c231","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/ffd2f06561854d25","nativeRecordCid":"0caddb54-0292-4a06-bfd2-f6128b85e3fd","documentId":"osft-doc-1459","id":"c231","text":"The movement for Open Scholarship has evolved over more than two decades from a collection of small, localized efforts to a broad international network of institutions, organizations, governments, practitioners, advocates, and funders.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"evolution of Open Scholarship movement","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"For more than two decades, the movement for Open Scholarship has evolved from a collection of small, localized efforts to a broad international network of institutions, organizations, governments, practitioners, advocates, and funders.","representedInStars":true}
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{"key":"osft-doc-1459/c238","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/79bf566fb2c54fc0","nativeRecordCid":"59e276cb-e685-455b-a941-c3b1596f1c4d","documentId":"osft-doc-1459","id":"c238","text":"The term \"Open Scholarship\" refers to the inclusion of research within wider society.","kind":"definitional","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"definition of Open Scholarship","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"In this document we consider the term “Open Scholarship” to broadly refer to the process, communication, and re-use of research as practised in any scholarly research discipline, and its inclusion and role within wider society.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1459/c239","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/2d9d54f7709445ec","nativeRecordCid":"ed4b68a4-d46a-4921-8ad5-93057275bbad","documentId":"osft-doc-1459","id":"c239","text":"The term \"Open Scholarship\" refers to the role of research within wider society.","kind":"definitional","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"definition of Open Scholarship","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"In this document we consider the term “Open Scholarship” to broadly refer to the process, communication, and re-use of research as practised in any scholarly research discipline, and its inclusion and role within wider society.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1459/c240","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/fdb80610d1d44c08","nativeRecordCid":"98514758-bfd0-412a-90ec-641fec3858f7","documentId":"osft-doc-1459","id":"c240","text":"There have been dozens of declarations, charters, and statements about the priorities of the various aspects of Open Scholarship.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"declarations and charters on Open Scholarship","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Throughout time, there have been dozens of declarations , charters , and statements about the priorities of the various aspects of Open Scholarship.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1459/c241","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/5e9384bc1e234fae","nativeRecordCid":"f701dca2-9f01-4b3e-bb9d-ea7f61e5c85c","documentId":"osft-doc-1459","id":"c241","text":"There are numerous competing, parallel, or overlapping definitions of what Open Scholarship comprises in terms of both research principles and practice.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"definitions of Open Scholarship","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The result of this is that there are now numerous competing, parallel, or overlapping definitions of what Open Scholarship comprises in terms of both research principles and practice, which aim to encapsulate the movement towards fostering scientific growth alongside public accessibility.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1459/c242","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/d6b10ea2cff94913","nativeRecordCid":"386b3c7f-a8dd-46fb-84e2-bc044e29b426","documentId":"osft-doc-1459","id":"c242","text":"Open Scholarship is analogous to a boundary object: flexibly adaptive and interpreted differently across communities, but with enough immutable content to maintain its integrity.","kind":"definitional","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"Open Scholarship as boundary object","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Herein, we find it useful to consider Open Scholarship to be analogous to a boundary object Moore, 2017 , in that it is flexibly adaptive, interpreted differently across communities but with enough immutable content to maintain its integrity.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1459/c243","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/62f426dc350d492d","nativeRecordCid":"86b6def4-2563-4e3b-afdc-9406e3278686","documentId":"osft-doc-1459","id":"c243","text":"Open Scholarship includes a sixth school of thought, Community and Inclusion, based on developments in this space over the last five years.","kind":"definitional","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"schools of thought in Open Scholarship","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Furthermore, we now extend this to suggest a sixth school of Community and Inclusion , based on developments in this space in the last 5 years (and more).","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1459/c244","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/7cab47212bd440e3","nativeRecordCid":"978519f2-1b16-43b3-901e-18b27e1003ed","documentId":"osft-doc-1459","id":"c244","text":"Previous works on Open Scholarship have been, and remain, crucial for building a central identity for the global Open Scholarship community.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"previous works on Open Scholarship","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"These previous works have been, and remain to be, crucial for building a central identity for the global Open Scholarship community, communicating the case for Open Scholarship to wider society, and providing a basis to push the global movement forward.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1459/c245","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/33166a91b6c74d40","nativeRecordCid":"3431e015-9680-42ce-b6a3-045143e2d5e2","documentId":"osft-doc-1459","id":"c245","text":"Previous works on Open Scholarship have been, and remain, crucial for communicating the case for Open Scholarship to wider society.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"previous works on Open Scholarship","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"These previous works have been, and remain to be, crucial for building a central identity for the global Open Scholarship community, communicating the case for Open Scholarship to wider society, and providing a basis to push the global movement forward.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1459/c246","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/7cd56b5b8a2e4268","nativeRecordCid":"2f30cf1c-6821-40ea-9737-2b1f5ef6460c","documentId":"osft-doc-1459","id":"c246","text":"Previous works on Open Scholarship have been, and remain, crucial for providing a basis to push the global movement forward.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"previous works on Open Scholarship","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"These previous works have been, and remain to be, crucial for building a central identity for the global Open Scholarship community, communicating the case for Open Scholarship to wider society, and providing a basis to push the global movement forward.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1459/c247","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/deae6c0100f64ec9","nativeRecordCid":"3b10aa18-2675-4eee-9cb3-0fcd95a2f858","documentId":"osft-doc-1459","id":"c247","text":"A movement is defined as a group of people working together to advance their shared political, social, or artistic ideas.","kind":"definitional","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"definition of a movement","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"A movement can be defined as “a group of people working together to advance their shared political, social, or artistic ideas.”","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1459/c248","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/121bb99a265546c2","nativeRecordCid":"ebfa0f73-156c-453e-a011-26973f826578","documentId":"osft-doc-1459","id":"c248","text":"Open Scholarship supporters are an incredibly diverse group of people, including non-academic citizens, activists, faculty, students, research institutes, scholarly publishers, librarians, policymakers, and NGOs.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"Open Scholarship supporters","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Open Scholarship supporters are an incredibly diverse group of people, including non-academic citizens, activists, faculty and students at a range of academic or career levels as well as research institutes, scholarly publishers, librarians, policymakers, and Non-Governmental Organisations (NGOs).","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1459/c249","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/87ba6f7d98c34391","nativeRecordCid":"908e0545-ab6e-44ac-944d-2150b0c11dda","documentId":"osft-doc-1459","id":"c249","text":"Open Scholarship community members come from countries around the globe and a range of socio-economic situations.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"Open Scholarship community members","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"These community members come from countries around the globe and a range of socio-economic situations.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1459/c250","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/aea34e7e614543de","nativeRecordCid":"a9d968c3-7d19-4adf-bd40-9c9d8c5f8550","documentId":"osft-doc-1459","id":"c250","text":"Open Scholarship has a range of different social, economic and cultural contexts under which its various communities and stakeholders are united.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"Open Scholarship contexts","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"As such, Open Scholarship has a range of different social, economic and cultural contexts, which these various communities and stakeholders are united under.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1459/c251","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/19b295ecf8824a48","nativeRecordCid":"aa4ea4e0-b97d-4700-bf1a-c4e3257a6619","documentId":"osft-doc-1459","id":"c251","text":"Diversity is a strength for the Open Scholarship movement by bringing a wide variety of perspectives, experiences, capacities, and resources.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"diversity in Open Scholarship movement","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"While this diversity is a strength for the Open Scholarship movement by bringing a wide variety of perspectives, experiences, capacities, and resources, it also presents challenges for setting strategic directions, building shared plans, and governance and co-ordination structures.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1459/c252","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/a9e3673741f744b6","nativeRecordCid":"8b0ed5d7-946d-4521-b638-3623cd3e1abc","documentId":"osft-doc-1459","id":"c252","text":"Diversity in the Open Scholarship movement presents challenges for setting strategic directions, building shared plans, and governance and coordination structures.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"diversity in Open Scholarship movement","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"While this diversity is a strength for the Open Scholarship movement by bringing a wide variety of perspectives, experiences, capacities, and resources, it also presents challenges for setting strategic directions, building shared plans, and governance and co-ordination structures.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1459/c253","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/e809ed7863194a22","nativeRecordCid":"11396dea-0bda-4c78-82b6-6c42c03082db","documentId":"osft-doc-1459","id":"c253","text":"Open Scholarship stakeholders widely share the belief that increased adoption of Open Scholarship (and open) practices is generally a good thing.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"Open Scholarship stakeholders' beliefs","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Perhaps the most widespread commonality between Open Scholarship stakeholders is the belief that increased adoption of Open Scholarship practices (and more generally, simply open practices) is generally a good thing , and that it would bring wider benefits to the research community, environment, global economies, and wider society.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1459/c254","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/1abd5beb318340f6","nativeRecordCid":"a935d37e-40cf-4f62-a206-3ddb8d1d72f0","documentId":"osft-doc-1459","id":"c254","text":"Open Scholarship stakeholders widely believe increased adoption of open practices would bring wider benefits to the research community, environment, global economies, and society.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"Open Scholarship stakeholders' beliefs","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Perhaps the most widespread commonality between Open Scholarship stakeholders is the belief that increased adoption of Open Scholarship practices (and more generally, simply open practices) is generally a good thing , and that it would bring wider benefits to the research community, environment, global economies, and wider society.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1459/c255","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/aa9738a14e104fa7","nativeRecordCid":"8732b9e4-e014-4359-8ecc-940bec51afe9","documentId":"osft-doc-1459","id":"c255","text":"Open Scholarship makes research outputs and scholarly practices more accessible and inclusive.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"Open Scholarship's effect on research outputs","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Open Scholarship makes research outputs and scholarly practices more accessible and inclusive, and expands our horizons on what is possible from the process of scholarly research.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1459/c256","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/ec835cfae6c248bb","nativeRecordCid":"4dcd36e3-372a-4771-916a-ad5b7f817444","documentId":"osft-doc-1459","id":"c256","text":"Open Scholarship expands horizons on what is possible from the process of scholarly research.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"Open Scholarship's effect on scholarly research","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Open Scholarship makes research outputs and scholarly practices more accessible and inclusive, and expands our horizons on what is possible from the process of scholarly research.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1459/c257","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/8fceecb5da2b4495","nativeRecordCid":"6b41c2db-e02a-4869-88ca-ce4d1a2306ee","documentId":"osft-doc-1459","id":"c257","text":"Research practices and scholarly communications are constantly evolving.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"research practices and scholarly communications","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Research practices and scholarly communications are constantly evolving.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1459/c258","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/b01497e531ad4047","nativeRecordCid":"dfcf45e3-9944-4b2b-b989-40fca7d3f020","documentId":"osft-doc-1459","id":"c258","text":"The pervasive spread of the Web has left much of the pre-existing scholarly publication model and industry fundamentally unchanged.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"Web's effect on scholarly publication model","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"However, despite the fact that the Web was originally designed around 30 years ago to disrupt the hierarchical approach of information management by the decentralisation of scholarly communications ( Berners-Lee, 1989 ), the pervasive spread of the Web has left much of the pre-existing scholarly publication model and industry fundamentally unchanged.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1459/c259","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/05062bc6201b457d","nativeRecordCid":"770b09d5-d030-492f-a92e-38ac3380809d","documentId":"osft-doc-1459","id":"c259","text":"The slow rate of change in scholarly communication can possibly be attributed to the wide range of diverse stakeholders engaged in this domain and the deep entrenchment of interests and positions.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"slow rate of change in scholarly communication","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Such a perceived slow rate of change or inertia can possibly be attributed to the wide range of diverse stakeholders engaged in this domain, and the deep entrenchment of interests and positions; for example, over copyright, journal brands, and research assessment.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1459/c260","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/efdd5cf6693d4b26","nativeRecordCid":"264d7c23-34cb-4064-a603-5b3e3572ed4c","documentId":"osft-doc-1459","id":"c260","text":"Scholarly communication processes need to increasingly embrace the power of Web-native technologies in order to make use of the semantic Web.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"scholarly communication processes","subject":"embracing Web-native technologies","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"As such, one common perspective is that scholarly communication processes need to increasingly embrace the power of Web-native technologies in order to make use of the semantic Web (see e.g. Hitzler, 2010 or Pomerantz, 2015 ) that promises to enhance networking, collaboration, and transparency in research.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1459/c261","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/6b833eab2584403e","nativeRecordCid":"299ca2d0-a961-44fe-972f-6eb79cb36d93","documentId":"osft-doc-1459","id":"c261","text":"The semantic Web promises to enhance networking, collaboration, and transparency in research.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"semantic Web's promise","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"As such, one common perspective is that scholarly communication processes need to increasingly embrace the power of Web-native technologies in order to make use of the semantic Web (see e.g. Hitzler, 2010 or Pomerantz, 2015 ) that promises to enhance networking, collaboration, and transparency in research.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1459/c262","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/77da32c3cea641d6","nativeRecordCid":"03bdce5e-4d52-4155-896a-13356ea71bb6","documentId":"osft-doc-1459","id":"c262","text":"There has been an undeniable explosion in the rate of innovation in scholarly communication in the last 10 years.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"innovation in scholarly communication","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Alignment of this ideal with the processes of research and education is what is broadly agreed on as Open Scholarship, and there has been an undeniable explosion in the rate of innovation in scholarly communication in this in the last 10 years.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1459/c263","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/b250681ec48c4be0","nativeRecordCid":"115e0c1e-16cf-4aed-ae0f-f1f0d296a285","documentId":"osft-doc-1459","id":"c263","text":"All educational resources and research outputs, as a global societal common good, should be accessible free of charge to all members of the public who wish to benefit from them.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"","subject":"educational resources and research outputs","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"That all educational resources and research outputs, as a global societal common good, should be accessible free of charge to all members of the public who wish to benefit from them.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1459/c264","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/eb9847bfdb0949d2","nativeRecordCid":"ff93e66f-b648-4a35-bd5d-2a7fd7e6b205","documentId":"osft-doc-1459","id":"c264","text":"Educational resources and research outputs should be free from unnecessary constraints on widespread re-use.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"","subject":"educational resources and research outputs","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"That such resources should be free from uneccessary constraints on widespread re-use.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1459/c265","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/e27732ddc10643c5","nativeRecordCid":"1ec2df71-f307-4e02-b9dc-2ad9337ef1b7","documentId":"osft-doc-1459","id":"c265","text":"The benefits of research should be integrated into the functioning of wider society.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"","subject":"benefits of research","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"That the benefits of this research should be integrated into the functioning of our wider society.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1459/c266","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/275a9482dec94280","nativeRecordCid":"63d53a77-64f9-42bd-9638-c276d01bc22e","documentId":"osft-doc-1459","id":"c266","text":"Anyone should have the right to freely contribute to, and participate in, the Open Scholarship process.","kind":"normative","modality":"may","actor":"","subject":"right to contribute and participate","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"That anyone has the right to freely to contribute to, and participate in, this process.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1459/c267","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/d8cb25edbb664a04","nativeRecordCid":"6ba88804-5f46-4f24-a84f-f7339238dd0b","documentId":"osft-doc-1459","id":"c267","text":"Open Scholarship, perceived as a boundary object, allows the balancing of different categories and meanings across many diverse communities of practice.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"Open Scholarship as boundary object","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"When perceived as a boundary object ( Star, 1989 ), Open Scholarship allows us to balance different categories and meanings across many diverse communities of practice.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1459/c268","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/442f5280a9d24217","nativeRecordCid":"585cf5fc-151d-4dd9-9359-c2bfd87b2782","documentId":"osft-doc-1459","id":"c268","text":"The creation and management of boundary objects is a key process in developing and maintaining coherence across intersecting communities.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"boundary objects","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Here, the creation and management of such boundary objects is a key process in developing and maintaining coherence across intersecting communities.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1459/c269","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/63bbb352e9ce4e0b","nativeRecordCid":"ff472fb9-82d9-4e7f-a974-5b27188484e2","documentId":"osft-doc-1459","id":"c269","text":"The core aspects of Open Scholarship include the category of knowledge and practices.","kind":"definitional","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"core aspects of Open Scholarship","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Broadly, the core aspects of Open Scholarship can be divided into two major categories: knowledge and practices and principles and values .","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1459/c270","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/aac8769c37bd4bab","nativeRecordCid":"59f4a426-1c39-4f1e-82f6-5972a0c2609d","documentId":"osft-doc-1459","id":"c270","text":"The core aspects of Open Scholarship include the category of principles and values.","kind":"definitional","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"core aspects of Open Scholarship","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Broadly, the core aspects of Open Scholarship can be divided into two major categories: knowledge and practices and principles and values .","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1459/c271","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/2bff0a8091f44a91","nativeRecordCid":"c2901ae4-ad46-4ecb-a863-13ca96a18828","documentId":"osft-doc-1459","id":"c271","text":"The core principles or values of Open Scholarship include participation.","kind":"definitional","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"core principles of Open Scholarship","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The core principles or values of Open Scholarship include participation, equality, transparency, cognitive justice, collaboration, sharing, equity, and inclusivity; aspects that are often missing from many ‘traditional’ forms of scholarship.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1459/c272","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/091aeb2a4eed40a7","nativeRecordCid":"75a67f76-1e7c-481c-8cb7-8ec9a6c3f012","documentId":"osft-doc-1459","id":"c272","text":"The core principles or values of Open Scholarship include equality.","kind":"definitional","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"core principles of Open Scholarship","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The core principles or values of Open Scholarship include participation, equality, transparency, cognitive justice, collaboration, sharing, equity, and inclusivity; aspects that are often missing from many ‘traditional’ forms of scholarship.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1459/c273","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/a90cea19d4a24155","nativeRecordCid":"0dd78084-0bb6-4757-a6b9-999adc6db5bf","documentId":"osft-doc-1459","id":"c273","text":"The core principles or values of Open Scholarship include transparency.","kind":"definitional","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"core principles of Open Scholarship","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The core principles or values of Open Scholarship include participation, equality, transparency, cognitive justice, collaboration, sharing, equity, and inclusivity; aspects that are often missing from many ‘traditional’ forms of scholarship.","representedInStars":true}
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{"key":"osft-doc-1459/c279","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/403e9ae7c6304510","nativeRecordCid":"bd440a97-447f-4933-8e91-a1c5b70abb71","documentId":"osft-doc-1459","id":"c279","text":"The core principles or values of Open Scholarship are often missing from many traditional forms of scholarship.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"traditional scholarship","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The core principles or values of Open Scholarship include participation, equality, transparency, cognitive justice, collaboration, sharing, equity, and inclusivity; aspects that are often missing from many ‘traditional’ forms of scholarship.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1459/c280","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/7c06719a7f1f4a23","nativeRecordCid":"a5ce4156-f4e8-41e3-b2de-05fe63ba4e14","documentId":"osft-doc-1459","id":"c280","text":"The combination of Open Scholarship practices and principles results in a better, more rigorous or fairer research process.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"Open Scholarship practices and principles","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Generally, it is agreed upon that the combination of these practices and principles will result in a better (i.e., more rigorous or fairer) research process, all grouped under the broad heading of Open Scholarship.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1459/c281","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/21c61a874b0046f2","nativeRecordCid":"7dcf5337-6abd-4392-ace6-a4abb27e5631","documentId":"osft-doc-1459","id":"c281","text":"Open Scholarship is not a simple construct to understand for many people at present.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"Open Scholarship's complexity","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"However, we acknowledge that Open Scholarship is not a simple construct to understand for many at the present, and often even has its own language.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1459/c282","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/6ff48682f9084ffb","nativeRecordCid":"f8c900c8-a1ba-43ff-9a98-e5e1f94013ad","documentId":"osft-doc-1459","id":"c282","text":"Open Scholarship often has its own specialized language.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"Open Scholarship's language","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"However, we acknowledge that Open Scholarship is not a simple construct to understand for many at the present, and often even has its own language.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1459/c283","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/4028a9430e7142c2","nativeRecordCid":"2095ee9a-6dd3-4a77-8ea5-bd779531e638","documentId":"osft-doc-1459","id":"c283","text":"The barrier of Open Scholarship's complexity and specialized language must be overcome in order to maximise participation and engagement with both its principles and practices.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"","subject":"barrier to Open Scholarship participation","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"We fully acknowledge that such a barrier must be overcome in order to maximise participation and engagement with both the principles and the practices ( Masuzzo and Martens, 2017 ).","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1459/c284","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/aeac8d4c710c4666","nativeRecordCid":"ce4aae8e-3f29-4971-9885-de3c6582e2b5","documentId":"osft-doc-1459","id":"c284","text":"Awareness of Open Scholarship, allowing engagement with its practices, is a precondition (Users) to Open Scholarship adoption.","kind":"definitional","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"preconditions to Open Scholarship adoption","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Users : Awareness of Open Scholarship to engage with the practices.","representedInStars":false}
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{"key":"osft-doc-1459/c286","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/8a131a94b2154631","nativeRecordCid":"61de8edd-2e46-4075-b7e2-4909cd829a7c","documentId":"osft-doc-1459","id":"c286","text":"Community and systemic support to create a sustainable Open Scholarship environment is a precondition (Context) to Open Scholarship adoption.","kind":"definitional","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"preconditions to Open Scholarship adoption","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Context : Community and systemic support to create a sustainable Open Scholarship environment.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1459/c287","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/53cddc092ca24a51","nativeRecordCid":"c907b3fd-e2c8-4f7f-8ecc-a0f1319a04cd","documentId":"osft-doc-1459","id":"c287","text":"Motivations to engage with the practices are a precondition (Incentives) to Open Scholarship adoption.","kind":"definitional","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"preconditions to Open Scholarship adoption","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Incentives : Motivations to engage with the practices.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1459/c288","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/7dc50e1bb7604424","nativeRecordCid":"41f03842-b1e8-41bd-ad2d-507db2c0adc1","documentId":"osft-doc-1459","id":"c288","text":"One-size-fits-all Open Scholarship solutions could potentially harm local interests, or vice versa.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"one-size-fits-all Open Scholarship solutions","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Open Scholarship is an agenda with multiple stakeholders (or groups), whose diverse cultures, backgrounds and interests mean that one-size-fits-all solutions could potentially harm local interests (or vice versa).","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1459/c289","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/3655e4420e614876","nativeRecordCid":"9b0a1db6-7a5c-47cf-b2a2-79f210eb09e6","documentId":"osft-doc-1459","id":"c289","text":"Open Scholarship strategies should be joined-up so that the actions of those with similar aims are not working at cross-purposes.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"","subject":"Open Scholarship strategies","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"On the other hand, there is a need to ensure that strategies are joined-up so that the actions of those with similar aims are not working at cross-purposes.","representedInStars":true}
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{"key":"osft-doc-1459/c292","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/683df42f29354350","nativeRecordCid":"8c1bd892-8d3a-4078-9ecb-da0b5fe893b0","documentId":"osft-doc-1459","id":"c292","text":"High costs associated with some Open Access publishing actively discriminate against researchers from Low and Middle Income Countries.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"Open Access publishing costs","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"High costs associated with some Open Access publishing actively discriminate against researchers from Low and Middle Income Countries (LMICs).","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1459/c293","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/ce55810ad9b34c2c","nativeRecordCid":"3bd52535-d9b1-4b40-b209-58ef8aa02f45","documentId":"osft-doc-1459","id":"c293","text":"Many popular indexing services, such as Scopus and Web of Science, are explicitly biased against journals from developing countries or those that do not have English as the primary language.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"popular indexing services","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Many popular indexing services, such as Scopus and Web of Science, are explicitly biased against journals from developing countries, or those that do not have English as the primary language ( Mongeon and Paul-Hus, 2016 ).","representedInStars":true}
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{"key":"osft-doc-1459/c295","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/7174c1bbf6cd47e7","nativeRecordCid":"e89c41d3-b65d-47f3-82e9-7acf2a65788b","documentId":"osft-doc-1459","id":"c295","text":"The term Open Science can have the adverse effect of excluding researchers from the arts, humanities, engineering, mathematics, and other fields that might not be considered to be science.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"term 'Open Science'","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"As the more widely-used term Open Science contains the word ‘Science’, this can have an adverse effect of excluding researchers from the arts, humanities, engineering, mathematics, and other fields that might not be considered to be science.","representedInStars":true}
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{"key":"osft-doc-1459/c298","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/834ccecf01f349bd","nativeRecordCid":"936e9317-c96c-4998-8c6c-13f282a93655","documentId":"osft-doc-1459","id":"c298","text":"Other terms such as e-Research and Digital Humanities describe similar practices across different communities.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"terms e-Research and Digital Humanities","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Other terms such as e-Research and Digital Humanities describe similar practices across different communities.","representedInStars":true}
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{"key":"osft-doc-1459/c300","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/9d056f29c6384bcf","nativeRecordCid":"e1c74dad-3a2a-46b4-9bac-be2c9ba8515f","documentId":"osft-doc-1459","id":"c300","text":"Open scientific practices geared towards more empirical and quantitative research require different evaluation and incentive structures than other scholarly disciplines.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"empirical/quantitative open practices","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"For example, many open scientific practices are geared towards more empirical and quantitative research, and therefore require different evaluation and incentive structures than other scholarly disciplines.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1459/c301","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/1cc561698ea24ae2","nativeRecordCid":"eb5e2e3c-1c56-42cf-b0e1-39454ea0d551","documentId":"osft-doc-1459","id":"c301","text":"Variation in biological supplies from different laboratory companies is a significant issue in reproducibility for biological research.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"biological supplies variation","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"For example, accounting for variation in biological supplies from different laboratory companies is a significant issue in reproducibility for biological research.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1459/c302","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/8e8eb8f1e4ab4410","nativeRecordCid":"514a2a30-aac8-4f69-a6b2-b158b46ef57e","documentId":"osft-doc-1459","id":"c302","text":"Open Access books are a major problem in the Humanities, but less so in STEM.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"Open Access books","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Open Access books are a major problem in the Humanities ( Eve, 2014 ), but less so in STEM, and are often sidelined as an issue as a result.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1459/c303","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/5b1e9995e5d14cdb","nativeRecordCid":"77b8a457-9c3a-48df-af3c-f8afbb520454","documentId":"osft-doc-1459","id":"c303","text":"Open Access books are often sidelined as an issue in the Humanities as a result of being less prioritized than in STEM.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"Open Access books in the Humanities","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Open Access books are a major problem in the Humanities ( Eve, 2014 ), but less so in STEM, and are often sidelined as an issue as a result.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1459/c304","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/913c58a2e3614809","nativeRecordCid":"29a8fe05-e0eb-487c-a9bc-1ea84183c0b4","documentId":"osft-doc-1459","id":"c304","text":"There are few preprints from the pharmaceutical industry.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"pharmaceutical industry preprints","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"At the present there are few preprints from the pharmaceutical industry , and none covering primary clinical data.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1459/c305","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/2078754408844e5f","nativeRecordCid":"cd10da3e-672a-4669-8b34-654e82f2dacf","documentId":"osft-doc-1459","id":"c305","text":"There are no preprints from the pharmaceutical industry covering primary clinical data.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"pharmaceutical industry preprints","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"At the present there are few preprints from the pharmaceutical industry , and none covering primary clinical data.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1459/c306","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/23918c515420455b","nativeRecordCid":"b5f66933-7d09-4043-aa02-20aa9fc69794","documentId":"osft-doc-1459","id":"c306","text":"There are considerable barriers to preprints of pharmaceutical industry work, including the possibility of unreviewed material being seen as promotional and the possibility of readers changing clinical practice based on unreviewed material.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"barriers to pharmaceutical industry preprints","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"There are at present considerable barriers to preprints of industry work, including the possibility of material that has not yet been peer-reviewed being seen as promotional, and the possibility of readers changing clinical practice based on material that has not yet been peer-reviewed, however well labelled a preprint is.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1459/c307","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/5eb2022d2c9842c9","nativeRecordCid":"a1adb297-db89-44d7-88b8-320be534714b","documentId":"osft-doc-1459","id":"c307","text":"The pharmaceutical industry is becoming aware of the potential for many aspects of open scholarship to improve the transparency, accessibility and speed of reporting its research.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"pharmaceutical industry and open scholarship","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The pharmaceutical industry, which funds approximately half of all medical research , is becoming aware of the potential for many aspects of open scholarship to improve the transparency, accessibility and speed of reporting its research.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1459/c308","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/65b5b94da3ed41ad","nativeRecordCid":"56ddd1bb-3932-4b73-b04b-f5714992e2dd","documentId":"osft-doc-1459","id":"c308","text":"As a highly regulated, compliance-focused industry, the pharmaceutical industry faces additional barriers to change beyond those discussed in the academic community.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"pharmaceutical industry's barriers to change","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"In this highly regulated, compliance-focused industry, which presents a substantial source of revenue to publishers, there are additional barriers to change beyond those discussed in the academic community.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1459/c309","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/e138732262f640ec","nativeRecordCid":"44e435ff-8d76-4e97-80af-789542488ab5","documentId":"osft-doc-1459","id":"c309","text":"The pharmaceutical industry presents a substantial source of revenue to publishers.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"pharmaceutical industry revenue to publishers","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"In this highly regulated, compliance-focused industry, which presents a substantial source of revenue to publishers, there are additional barriers to change beyond those discussed in the academic community.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1459/c310","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/00e867a9a0854bcb","nativeRecordCid":"77c3be14-2492-441c-b625-cccc10561874","documentId":"osft-doc-1459","id":"c310","text":"Uptake of preprinting in non-commercial medical research is increasing.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"preprinting uptake in medical research","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"There are few preprints on bioRxiv from the pharmaceutical industry , although uptake is increasing in line with growth in preprinting of non-commercial medical research, and very few covering primary clinical data.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1459/c311","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/3f1388b21e5c45e2","nativeRecordCid":"33e3ed3f-7289-48b6-a3fa-753e43b299e9","documentId":"osft-doc-1459","id":"c311","text":"Stakeholder groups engage in the Open Scholarship agenda for different reasons.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"stakeholder groups' engagement","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Each of these groups engage in the Open Scholarship agenda for different reasons, and often these goals will be in conflict/tension depending on their intrinsic motivations, understanding, and goals.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1459/c312","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/c6e0081ecfe44f4d","nativeRecordCid":"2f4b7d3c-da4c-4476-be66-5ed1878d5b60","documentId":"osft-doc-1459","id":"c312","text":"Stakeholder groups' goals in the Open Scholarship agenda are often in conflict or tension depending on their intrinsic motivations, understanding, and goals.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"stakeholder groups' goals","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Each of these groups engage in the Open Scholarship agenda for different reasons, and often these goals will be in conflict/tension depending on their intrinsic motivations, understanding, and goals.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1459/c313","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/cdce4bab9f53486a","nativeRecordCid":"5c9ddd9b-847f-48f1-9a45-9df0a04f8543","documentId":"osft-doc-1459","id":"c313","text":"There is little consensus on the best way forward for Open Access at a multitude of scales.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"consensus on Open Access strategy","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"For example, regarding Open Access, there is little consensus on the best way forward for this at a multitude of scales (geographic, institutional, individual).","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1459/c314","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/85718b2859714ef8","nativeRecordCid":"1786ae44-fefc-4768-8159-a4d9cd83269c","documentId":"osft-doc-1459","id":"c314","text":"Ongoing tensions among stakeholders result in a lack of well-defined strategic priorities for Open Access.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"strategic priorities for Open Access","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The result of such ongoing tensions is, perhaps not surprisingly, the lack of well-defined strategic priorities for Open Access Conflicts between different stakeholder groups can often be distinguished based on competing interests, which filter through at multiple levels in communication, policy, and practices.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1459/c315","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/b5e0c7d05a8342d9","nativeRecordCid":"5b0bed43-eade-478a-8194-d93864e6a29f","documentId":"osft-doc-1459","id":"c315","text":"Conflicts between different stakeholder groups can often be distinguished based on competing interests, which filter through at multiple levels in communication, policy, and practices.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"conflicts between stakeholder groups","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The result of such ongoing tensions is, perhaps not surprisingly, the lack of well-defined strategic priorities for Open Access Conflicts between different stakeholder groups can often be distinguished based on competing interests, which filter through at multiple levels in communication, policy, and practices.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1459/c316","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/28842df72a4d4e13","nativeRecordCid":"92602825-4da5-4f9d-abc0-6471a5758d52","documentId":"osft-doc-1459","id":"c316","text":"The relationship network of stakeholders engaged in scholarly communication and Open Scholarship developments is particularly complex.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"stakeholder relationship network","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The result of this is that the relationship network of stakeholders engaged in scholarly communication, and in particular developments in Open Scholarship, is particularly complex.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1459/c317","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/129e7d3ea8fd470f","nativeRecordCid":"3e644eff-134a-46c0-baca-da2d86047fab","documentId":"osft-doc-1459","id":"c317","text":"Conflict resolution in scholarly communication can come in a range of flavours, based around key issues such as academic freedom, governance structures, and financing.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"conflict resolution in scholarly communication","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"This is a non-exhaustive list, but highlights that conflict resolution in scholarly communication can come in a range of flavours, based around key issues such as academic freedom, governance structures, and financing.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1459/c318","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/b8ae39dd329d425c","nativeRecordCid":"91758abd-e849-44f9-a5aa-39ff55ee2b38","documentId":"osft-doc-1459","id":"c318","text":"There are varied opinions and a lack of consensus around what extent of Open Scholarship adoption is necessary to constitute success.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"extent of Open Scholarship adoption needed for success","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"There are varied opinions, and a lack of consensus, around what extent of Open Scholarship adoption is necessary to constitute success.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1459/c319","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/3f50b67d68ee4e02","nativeRecordCid":"b5c61bc3-07fc-4d97-9748-2465e2c98ed5","documentId":"osft-doc-1459","id":"c319","text":"The lack of well-defined objectives for Open Scholarship success has made defining a pathway with clear cut stepping stones difficult, clouded by competing stakeholders and complex processes.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"lack of well-defined Open Scholarship objectives","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Part of this is due to the lack of well-defined objectives, which means that defining a pathway with clear cut stepping stones has been difficult, and remained clouded by the different competing stakeholders and multiplicity of complex processes.","representedInStars":true}
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{"key":"osft-doc-1459/c321","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/6fb871991b0b4c6f","nativeRecordCid":"0d26d74b-1861-4510-8b79-76b13b77725c","documentId":"osft-doc-1459","id":"c321","text":"Public funding models should shift to pay for the dissemination of services and outputs, rather than individual copies or subscriptions of content.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"","subject":"public funding models","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Shifting public funding models to pay for the dissemination of services and outputs, rather than individual copies/subscriptions of content.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1459/c322","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/13529ecd8e794487","nativeRecordCid":"7e03cacf-9cd2-4581-badf-83dd137670e2","documentId":"osft-doc-1459","id":"c322","text":"Sufficiently high quality and diversity of services should be provided to permit adequate choice for researchers.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"","subject":"quality and diversity of Open Scholarship services","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Providing sufficiently high quality and diversity of services to permit adequate choice for researchers.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1459/c323","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/aaeae227a0a94dce","nativeRecordCid":"3d6fb0d4-52ad-4f8f-b98c-40ad5ecaeb4e","documentId":"osft-doc-1459","id":"c323","text":"Open Scholarship should be mainstreamed so that it competes with traditional processes in terms of reach, uptake, and incentivisation and reward.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"","subject":"mainstreaming Open Scholarship","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Mainstreaming Open Scholarship so that it competes with traditional processes, in terms of reach, uptake, and incentivisation and reward.","representedInStars":true}
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{"key":"osft-doc-1459/c328","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/0b5e78dad4274125","nativeRecordCid":"e63b7aad-eef4-4363-b882-9eaf6be43cfc","documentId":"osft-doc-1459","id":"c328","text":"Funding agencies should adopt complete Open Access.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"funding agencies","subject":"funding agencies' Open Access adoption","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Adoption of complete Open Access by funding agencies; policies that explicitly allow use of preprints and other pre-publications in funding applications, as well as consideration of non-traditional research outputs.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1459/c329","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/2be5f2992243472d","nativeRecordCid":"1efff0b8-d3e0-4f9a-84e6-dfff8733cf54","documentId":"osft-doc-1459","id":"c329","text":"Funding agencies should have policies that explicitly allow use of preprints and other pre-publications in funding applications.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"funding agencies","subject":"funding agencies' policies on preprints","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Adoption of complete Open Access by funding agencies; policies that explicitly allow use of preprints and other pre-publications in funding applications, as well as consideration of non-traditional research outputs.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1459/c330","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/cf480921f32646f5","nativeRecordCid":"f75aa15c-e9aa-4453-ba61-89bb456f38f5","documentId":"osft-doc-1459","id":"c330","text":"Funding agencies should consider non-traditional research outputs in funding applications.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"funding agencies","subject":"funding agencies' consideration of research outputs","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Adoption of complete Open Access by funding agencies; policies that explicitly allow use of preprints and other pre-publications in funding applications, as well as consideration of non-traditional research outputs.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1459/c331","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/a04141520a904daf","nativeRecordCid":"3c36fd03-fbee-4d89-a6cf-9093a4e0aab5","documentId":"osft-doc-1459","id":"c331","text":"There is an unequal distribution of access to knowledge.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"distribution of access to knowledge","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Believing that there is an unequal distribution of access to knowledge, Open Scholarship is concerned with making scholarly knowledge outputs (including publications, code, methods, and data) accessible and available freely for everyone with access to modern technology (e.g., a computer and Internet connection).","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1459/c332","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/0a8f9f4631864de7","nativeRecordCid":"4a186c2e-0ff7-498b-908c-a174028a9697","documentId":"osft-doc-1459","id":"c332","text":"Open Scholarship is concerned with making scholarly knowledge outputs, including publications, code, methods, and data, accessible and available freely for everyone with access to modern technology.","kind":"definitional","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"Open Scholarship's concern","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Believing that there is an unequal distribution of access to knowledge, Open Scholarship is concerned with making scholarly knowledge outputs (including publications, code, methods, and data) accessible and available freely for everyone with access to modern technology (e.g., a computer and Internet connection).","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1459/c333","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/b75878469c5245e9","nativeRecordCid":"dc1f3d8a-410f-49dc-9329-25edb4e44b61","documentId":"osft-doc-1459","id":"c333","text":"Democracy in Open Scholarship means equal access to knowledge.","kind":"definitional","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"democracy in Open Scholarship","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Importantly, democracy in Open Scholarship means not only equal access to knowledge, but also equal possibilities to contribute to knowledge and equal rights to participate in the world-wide community’s decisions that affect knowledge creation and distribution.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1459/c334","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/9d398b84de8e481d","nativeRecordCid":"91e8d889-b09e-4080-8b85-4b022f6ed2d3","documentId":"osft-doc-1459","id":"c334","text":"Democracy in Open Scholarship means equal possibilities to contribute to knowledge.","kind":"definitional","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"democracy in Open Scholarship","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Importantly, democracy in Open Scholarship means not only equal access to knowledge, but also equal possibilities to contribute to knowledge and equal rights to participate in the world-wide community’s decisions that affect knowledge creation and distribution.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1459/c335","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/a7cd0ab081064d37","nativeRecordCid":"7b71474d-1d54-484d-846b-6f14c12a21a1","documentId":"osft-doc-1459","id":"c335","text":"Democracy in Open Scholarship means equal rights to participate in the worldwide community's decisions that affect knowledge creation and distribution.","kind":"definitional","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"democracy in Open Scholarship","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Importantly, democracy in Open Scholarship means not only equal access to knowledge, but also equal possibilities to contribute to knowledge and equal rights to participate in the world-wide community’s decisions that affect knowledge creation and distribution.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1459/c336","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/cc9f8db921d24f9a","nativeRecordCid":"93b947a6-59da-4f80-b89a-ea1c7e1e7636","documentId":"osft-doc-1459","id":"c336","text":"Open Scholarship is antithetical to closed power clubs limited to a small number of participants deciding for the whole international community.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"Open Scholarship and closed power clubs","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The latter means that Open Scholarship is antithetical to closed power clubs which are limited to a small number of participants deciding for the whole international community, whether such closed clubs are supported by institutional/governmental funders or are bottom-up organisations (e.g., small groups of prestigious authors).","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1459/c337","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/ee450754751b4064","nativeRecordCid":"9de091b7-ce7b-4667-a802-65534376b94e","documentId":"osft-doc-1459","id":"c337","text":"It is unlikely that scholars would agree with rules created for them by a small number of people, especially groups with financial interest.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"scholars' agreement with imposed rules","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Indeed, it is quite unlikely that more than 10 million scholars, highly educated and intelligent, would agree with some rules created for them by a small number of people (or even worse, by some groups with financial interest).","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1459/c338","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/58c290e045d64737","nativeRecordCid":"9bcf9f44-b302-4d25-b712-797f18ad5352","documentId":"osft-doc-1459","id":"c338","text":"New rules governing Open Scholarship are more likely to appear through open debate and many collective projects.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"formation of new Open Scholarship rules","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"A more likely scenario is that the new rules governing Open Scholarship will appear in the open debate, through many collective projects, just like how this strategy was formed through collective editing.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1459/c339","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/501edba95b394ff4","nativeRecordCid":"870e1af8-0a23-411f-9bda-bf657a3bdd56","documentId":"osft-doc-1459","id":"c339","text":"Several mechanisms, including peer-to-peer and blockchain-based mechanisms, have been proposed to realise democratic values in Open Scholarship in a decentralised way.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"mechanisms for democratic Open Scholarship","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Several specific mechanisms have been recently proposed to realise democratic values in Open Scholarship in a decentralised way, including peer-to-peer and blockchain-based mechanisms.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1459/c340","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/d05ca421454649fc","nativeRecordCid":"b2044019-41d4-4d33-b5f9-c62f74ba2fad","documentId":"osft-doc-1459","id":"c340","text":"There is potential for complexity or conflict in Open Scholarship's objectives as policies and working practices evolve.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"Open Scholarship's objectives","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"In working towards principles of Open Scholarship, we acknowledge that there is the potential for complexity, or even conflict in our objectives as policies and working practices evolve.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1459/c341","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/5069b6c5c2394388","nativeRecordCid":"499737b8-861c-490f-8827-25072f6c3e72","documentId":"osft-doc-1459","id":"c341","text":"Awareness of the broader research, industry and education landscape helps position Open Scholarship to have the greatest possible impact.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"awareness of broader landscape","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Awareness of the broader research, industry and education landscape will help to position Open Scholarship to have the greatest possible impact, and to mitigate the potential of other policies and priorities to limit its potential.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1459/c342","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/ea66c4db0bb544ef","nativeRecordCid":"6788613c-a6ab-43e5-a158-84f3d5d9b735","documentId":"osft-doc-1459","id":"c342","text":"Awareness of the broader research, industry and education landscape helps mitigate the potential of other policies and priorities to limit Open Scholarship's potential.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"awareness of broader landscape","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Awareness of the broader research, industry and education landscape will help to position Open Scholarship to have the greatest possible impact, and to mitigate the potential of other policies and priorities to limit its potential.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1459/c343","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/3f3e4dd84ce14b42","nativeRecordCid":"e5691c75-ccbf-4c0d-be8c-58e6ee759170","documentId":"osft-doc-1459","id":"c343","text":"Copyright proposals or policies that limit text and data mining or promote intellectual property and commercialisation should be balanced with policies that permit a wide range of uses of data, research, and knowledge.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"","subject":"copyright and IP policies","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"For example, copyright proposals in the EU that would limit who is permitted to undertake TDM (text and data mining), or policies promoting intellectual property (IP) and commercialisation should be balanced with policies that permit a wide range of uses of data, research, and knowledge.","representedInStars":true}
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{"key":"osft-doc-1459/c383","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/da089faec31a40cc","nativeRecordCid":"19b8cc3a-5091-46d8-bd09-aa93ee1e5724","documentId":"osft-doc-1459","id":"c383","text":"Research sustainability is achieved through increased access to expertise, collaboration, knowledge aggregation, and enhanced productivity.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"research sustainability","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Sustainability of research through increased access to expertise, collaboration, knowledge aggregation, and enhanced productivity.","representedInStars":true}
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{"key":"osft-doc-1459/c387","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/9bb9adb31df344e5","nativeRecordCid":"5c9b83e6-88e3-4d1a-8e96-fa21279332e0","documentId":"osft-doc-1459","id":"c387","text":"The adoption of Web 2.0 technologies for communication and collaboration helps facilitate increasing demands for higher productivity and research complexity.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"Web 2.0 technology adoption","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Adoption of the huge array of Web 2.0 technologies for communication and collaboration, which help to facilitate increasing demands for higher productivity and research complexity.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1459/c388","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/7728a3f0b7154ed7","nativeRecordCid":"02a17696-c75e-436e-8d8a-a0b47eab1f7c","documentId":"osft-doc-1459","id":"c388","text":"The success of open, collaborative scholarly practices depends on the willingness of researchers to contribute to scholarly research in an open, collaborative, and collective manner.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"researcher willingness to contribute","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Much of this is dependent on the willingness of researchers themselves to contribute to scholarly research in an open, collaborative, and collective manner.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1459/c389","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/655a5e4612834479","nativeRecordCid":"81bedb3e-283f-4439-b9e6-532f02e1a3f4","documentId":"osft-doc-1459","id":"c389","text":"Researchers' motivation to contribute openly depends on whether they perceive the process as advantageous to them, such as a return on investment in social capital or prestige.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"researcher motivation","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Motivation for this is largely down to whether such researchers perceive this process as being advantageous to them in some way, for example getting a return on investment in social capital or prestige.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1459/c390","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/1e36640e9d9f4b58","nativeRecordCid":"c341d280-52bb-47d5-9cf0-3c51bf2643a4","documentId":"osft-doc-1459","id":"c390","text":"Many tools that facilitate and accelerate scientific discovery and enhance the research process already exist in some form.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"tools facilitating scientific discovery","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Many tools to facilitate and accelerate scientific discovery, and enhance the research process already exist in some form.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1459/c391","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/69e644b8cf454ef8","nativeRecordCid":"0b659960-d257-4e06-890b-2d0683cbfb67","documentId":"osft-doc-1459","id":"c391","text":"A key element of the design of these tools is to help researchers improve what they are already doing through efficiency, rather than designing them around what researchers should be doing.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"design of research tools","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"A key element of their design is to help researchers improve what they are already doing, through efficiency, rather than designing them in mind of what researchers should be doing.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1459/c392","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/46989678c6e740d5","nativeRecordCid":"3801b75b-8689-4d33-90dd-c15a6f8c1543","documentId":"osft-doc-1459","id":"c392","text":"Disruption beyond the current structure and close association of research practices with finalised research-paper-based products is unlikely to catalyse change.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"disruption of research practice structure","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Disruption beyond this structure, and the close association of research practices to finalised products based around research papers, is unlikely to catalyse change.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1459/c393","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/803eab51edc24d7e","nativeRecordCid":"55cd45ab-cf61-4b09-a5a6-05215d03c467","documentId":"osft-doc-1459","id":"c393","text":"Researchers lack intrinsic motivation to commit to processes that do not offer them a reciprocal gain in social capital.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"researcher intrinsic motivation","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"This is due to the lack of intrinsic motivation of researchers to commit to processes that do not offer them a reciprocal gain in social capital.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1459/c394","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/dd295288db564381","nativeRecordCid":"41f248ee-6895-4e21-9a33-5366c638448d","documentId":"osft-doc-1459","id":"c394","text":"Achieving the full benefits of Open Scholarship requires platforms, tools and services for dissemination and collaboration.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"","subject":"Open Scholarship infrastructure requirement","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Achieving the full benefits of Open Scholarship requires platforms, tools and services for dissemination and collaboration.","representedInStars":true}
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{"key":"osft-doc-1459/c397","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/91511ac3ea2a405e","nativeRecordCid":"c0b2497f-14f4-43a3-97a9-12ef1a287b75","documentId":"osft-doc-1459","id":"c397","text":"There is a general lack of funding and support for critical existing aspects of open scholarly infrastructure.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"funding for open infrastructure","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Presently, there is a general lack of funding and support for critical existing aspects of open scholarly infrastructure, despite its clear role in defining particular research practices and workflows.","representedInStars":true}
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{"key":"osft-doc-1459/c399","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/a7440d8c96144b37","nativeRecordCid":"3b78b1c4-e907-4437-8a0b-79699aef75ee","documentId":"osft-doc-1459","id":"c399","text":"The Joint Roadmap for Open Science Tools is a community-driven approach to help resolve the lack of funding and support for open scholarly infrastructure.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"Joint Roadmap for Open Science Tools","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"More recently, the Joint Roadmap for Open Science Tools launched as a community-driven approach to help resolve this.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1459/c400","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/8711024d711940cb","nativeRecordCid":"d6feb37b-5713-4b65-9b9f-588eb55b2f8b","documentId":"osft-doc-1459","id":"c400","text":"Existing open scholarly infrastructure offers crucial services to a range of stakeholders.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"open scholarly infrastructure","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Examples of existing infrastructure include the DOAJ , arXiv including domain-specific variants such as socArXiv , Humanities Commmons , the Open Science Framework , Sherpa/RoMEO , ORCID , the Open Science Foundation , Public Knowledge Project , Open Journals and the Open Knowledge Foundation , among many others, which offer crucial services to a range of stakeholders.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1459/c401","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/cb099e31e6344ba2","nativeRecordCid":"5746b75c-9090-49a5-ba75-8e0bf77b5c08","documentId":"osft-doc-1459","id":"c401","text":"Without sustainable funding sources, open infrastructure services remain vulnerable to collapse.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"open infrastructure funding vulnerability","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Without sustainable funding sources, these services remain vulnerable to either collapse, or being acquired by players in the private sector, an increasingly common occurrence.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1459/c402","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/ae0a344c2a484b37","nativeRecordCid":"6273442f-db69-4df7-8cc1-06a79fcca06b","documentId":"osft-doc-1459","id":"c402","text":"Without sustainable funding sources, open infrastructure services remain vulnerable to being acquired by players in the private sector.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"open infrastructure funding vulnerability","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Without sustainable funding sources, these services remain vulnerable to either collapse, or being acquired by players in the private sector, an increasingly common occurrence.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1459/c403","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/8b55afbf7f27437f","nativeRecordCid":"2404804d-5412-4d5f-942d-18804d625bee","documentId":"osft-doc-1459","id":"c403","text":"Acquisition of open infrastructure services by private sector players is an increasingly common occurrence.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"private sector acquisition of infrastructure","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Without sustainable funding sources, these services remain vulnerable to either collapse, or being acquired by players in the private sector, an increasingly common occurrence.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1459/c404","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/083cc43e9e054d99","nativeRecordCid":"bbe41875-ff49-4a9a-bdf7-0002d1bbe195","documentId":"osft-doc-1459","id":"c404","text":"Continued funder support is required for sustainable scholarly infrastructure.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"funders","subject":"funder support for infrastructure","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"To reduce the risk of infrastructure collapse, and to increase its capacity, continued funder support is required for any sort of sustainable scholarly infrastructure (e.g., Anderson et al., 2017 ).","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1459/c405","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/8fbecedab1454bf2","nativeRecordCid":"cd651fb7-f53c-4358-bc8a-e9c6e060224f","documentId":"osft-doc-1459","id":"c405","text":"A proportion of research funder budgets should be allocated to support sustainable scholarly infrastructure.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"research funders","subject":"funder budget allocation","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"A proportion of research funder budgets should be allocated to support this (e.g., 2%), and initiatives such as SCOSS and the Open Research Funders Group should be fully supported in this regard.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1459/c406","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/7e4e45d1d1714cd7","nativeRecordCid":"cffb1f06-89b3-4a65-a1ea-35918c5c3459","documentId":"osft-doc-1459","id":"c406","text":"Initiatives such as SCOSS and the Open Research Funders Group should be fully supported.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"","subject":"SCOSS and Open Research Funders Group","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"A proportion of research funder budgets should be allocated to support this (e.g., 2%), and initiatives such as SCOSS and the Open Research Funders Group should be fully supported in this regard.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1459/c407","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/43c09fa458c44403","nativeRecordCid":"6df41016-8879-41f5-aae9-3c50d37ad93f","documentId":"osft-doc-1459","id":"c407","text":"Social Virtual Research Environments facilitate the management and sharing of research objects.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"Social Virtual Research Environments","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Social Virtual Research Environments (SVREs), to facilitate the management and sharing of research objects, provide the incentives for Open Scholarship, integrate existing software and tools, and provide the actual platform for conducting of research;","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1459/c408","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/2b6af2f653194000","nativeRecordCid":"8b55223c-c6f2-497c-8813-998a12db52ba","documentId":"osft-doc-1459","id":"c408","text":"Social Virtual Research Environments provide the incentives for Open Scholarship.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"Social Virtual Research Environments","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Social Virtual Research Environments (SVREs), to facilitate the management and sharing of research objects, provide the incentives for Open Scholarship, integrate existing software and tools, and provide the actual platform for conducting of research;","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1459/c409","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/777d8ba03ff14061","nativeRecordCid":"0768af37-49a4-4654-be51-532d015d4129","documentId":"osft-doc-1459","id":"c409","text":"Social Virtual Research Environments integrate existing software and tools.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"Social Virtual Research Environments","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Social Virtual Research Environments (SVREs), to facilitate the management and sharing of research objects, provide the incentives for Open Scholarship, integrate existing software and tools, and provide the actual platform for conducting of research;","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1459/c410","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/0cb7d40184604985","nativeRecordCid":"4f390ad5-aad6-4ae1-ab7f-b9fe13825d3a","documentId":"osft-doc-1459","id":"c410","text":"Social Virtual Research Environments provide the platform for conducting research.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"Social Virtual Research Environments","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Social Virtual Research Environments (SVREs), to facilitate the management and sharing of research objects, provide the incentives for Open Scholarship, integrate existing software and tools, and provide the actual platform for conducting of research;","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1459/c411","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/f7593e449a1a454c","nativeRecordCid":"5b2df793-7956-483c-a84b-19e11b4bf5cf","documentId":"osft-doc-1459","id":"c411","text":"Infrastructure is best regarded as existing interactive technologies that are not noticed until they cease to work as they should.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"infrastructure","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Perhaps the best way to regard infrastructure is as existing interactive technologies that you do not really notice until they cease to work as they should.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1459/c412","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/6882fa12137f4f37","nativeRecordCid":"9a9ce619-9d32-46e4-a076-e0f9229f1ca7","documentId":"osft-doc-1459","id":"c412","text":"Open Scholarship infrastructure should achieve a streamlined process of large-scale, data-intensive research operated collaboratively through high-performance computer clusters that transcend geographical, technical, and disciplinary boundaries.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"","subject":"Open Scholarship infrastructure goal","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Ultimately, what we might want to achieve with such infrastructures is a streamlined process of large-scale, data-intensive research, operated collaboratively through high-performance computer clusters that transcend all geographical, technical, and disciplinary boundaries.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1459/c413","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/30ce572de29345a2","nativeRecordCid":"8a521fd3-335b-49db-a2b5-746f47144e0b","documentId":"osft-doc-1459","id":"c413","text":"The social aspects of open scholarly infrastructure provide additional scope for purposes such as networking, marketing and promotion, non-academic information exchange, and discussion forums.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"social aspects of infrastructure services","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The potential social aspects of such services means that there is additional scope for a range of purposes, including networking, marketing and promotion, non-academic information exchange, and discussion forums.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1459/c414","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/d6000a53e16f4d07","nativeRecordCid":"661a28ea-62d0-4528-9bed-4ca095c5a696","documentId":"osft-doc-1459","id":"c414","text":"True societal impact requires societal engagement in research.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"","subject":"societal impact requirements","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Based on the recognition that true societal impact requires societal engagement in research and readily understandable communication of scientific results, Open Scholarship seeks to bring the public to collaborate in research through community science.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1459/c415","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/569ed44e5b444044","nativeRecordCid":"02292665-f996-4e48-99f2-c5761fada0ae","documentId":"osft-doc-1459","id":"c415","text":"True societal impact requires readily understandable communication of scientific results.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"","subject":"societal impact requirements","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Based on the recognition that true societal impact requires societal engagement in research and readily understandable communication of scientific results, Open Scholarship seeks to bring the public to collaborate in research through community science.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1459/c416","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/51d7da505acc4a6e","nativeRecordCid":"7e6cb31b-305a-4b07-9730-e7395750fbbc","documentId":"osft-doc-1459","id":"c416","text":"Open Scholarship seeks to bring the public to collaborate in research through community science.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"Open Scholarship and community science","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Based on the recognition that true societal impact requires societal engagement in research and readily understandable communication of scientific results, Open Scholarship seeks to bring the public to collaborate in research through community science.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1459/c417","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/653d720773f8458a","nativeRecordCid":"96900ee6-b89c-417d-8d86-775cb30ddb51","documentId":"osft-doc-1459","id":"c417","text":"Web 2.0 technologies are capable of helping to make scholarship more readily understandable through non-specialist summaries, blogging, and other less formal communicative methods.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"Web 2.0 technologies","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Web 2.0 technologies are fully capable of helping to make scholarship more readily understandable through non-specialist summaries, blogging, and other less formal communicative methods.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1459/c418","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/56635a8eded54f7c","nativeRecordCid":"b0ae148a-8fb3-4399-abbf-f76141c3dfb0","documentId":"osft-doc-1459","id":"c418","text":"Societal impact should not be a secondary or niche consideration for research but should be an intrinsic part of it.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"","subject":"societal impact in research","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Here, societal impact (e.g., a better understanding of the world) should not be a secondary or niche consideration for research, but rather an intrinsic part of it.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1459/c419","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/2ebf8c398fa448a7","nativeRecordCid":"d2506a9d-f4e5-4573-94f0-fb406f9fce7d","documentId":"osft-doc-1459","id":"c419","text":"The role of a researcher is changing within a modern, digital society.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"researcher's role","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Much of this relates to the changing role of a researcher within a modern, digital society, and distils down to two main aspects:","representedInStars":false}
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{"key":"osft-doc-1459/c423","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/c492fc3c2feb4250","nativeRecordCid":"d8e3f60b-fc2b-4bba-8081-4bae9412d33c","documentId":"osft-doc-1459","id":"c423","text":"Dispersed, external individuals from beyond traditional non-digital spheres should be included in an active role in research.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"","subject":"inclusion of external individuals","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Inclusion of dispersed, external individuals from beyond those within traditional non-digital spheres as an active role in research.","representedInStars":true}
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{"key":"osft-doc-1459/c426","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/91876eb03a474ed2","nativeRecordCid":"4532d9a3-9e7c-466b-bd0a-17338741c7b0","documentId":"osft-doc-1459","id":"c426","text":"All research outputs created during an exposed research lifecycle, from lab notebooks to methods, materials, algorithms, data, code and the paper, should be constantly and continuously documented and shared.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"","subject":"documentation of research outputs","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Constant and continuous documentation and sharing all research outputs created during an exposed research lifecycle, from lab notebooks used during the project to methods, materials, algorithms, data, code and the paper.","representedInStars":false}
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{"key":"osft-doc-1459/c431","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/d2f2ea1b05d64803","nativeRecordCid":"eb5f9322-5366-47ea-9e0a-a91b1670a169","documentId":"osft-doc-1459","id":"c431","text":"New metrics must reflect more diverse forms of scientific impact.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"","subject":"new metrics","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"To shift the behaviour of academics it is necessary to change how they are measured; to change how they are measured means new metrics that reflect different values and more diverse forms of scientific impact; see, for example the Metric Tide report or the EU report on Next-generation metrics .","representedInStars":true}
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{"key":"osft-doc-1459/c438","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/d81c7f9ac2ad4d0b","nativeRecordCid":"c0f9e102-0c70-4746-b634-7d76bb20fc5d","documentId":"osft-doc-1459","id":"c438","text":"The Journal Impact Factor is an average citation metric across journals.","kind":"definitional","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"Journal Impact Factor","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The most notorious example is the Journal Impact Factor, an average citation metric across journals that is often inappropriately used at the article- and individual-level, and also confines assessment to journal-based research outputs, thereby discriminating against innovative forms of research assessment ( Lariviere and Sugimoto, 2018 ).","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1459/c439","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/7810c29180fb4d1b","nativeRecordCid":"13a563cc-636d-4ab1-b618-05c4e58c5581","documentId":"osft-doc-1459","id":"c439","text":"The Journal Impact Factor is often inappropriately used at the article- and individual-level.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"Journal Impact Factor","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The most notorious example is the Journal Impact Factor, an average citation metric across journals that is often inappropriately used at the article- and individual-level, and also confines assessment to journal-based research outputs, thereby discriminating against innovative forms of research assessment ( Lariviere and Sugimoto, 2018 ).","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1459/c440","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/74fdd1adbc1046d5","nativeRecordCid":"e5c3060a-9a76-4b00-a3bf-c48dc5622f15","documentId":"osft-doc-1459","id":"c440","text":"The Journal Impact Factor confines assessment to journal-based research outputs, thereby discriminating against innovative forms of research assessment.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"Journal Impact Factor","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The most notorious example is the Journal Impact Factor, an average citation metric across journals that is often inappropriately used at the article- and individual-level, and also confines assessment to journal-based research outputs, thereby discriminating against innovative forms of research assessment ( Lariviere and Sugimoto, 2018 ).","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1459/c441","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/d9dbcc4899ae4e64","nativeRecordCid":"27bf148e-1815-4bf8-acb5-c4f3dce70a02","documentId":"osft-doc-1459","id":"c441","text":"Open Scholarship seeks alternative metrics that make use of the new possibilities of digitally networked tools to track and measure the impact of scholarship through formerly invisible activities.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"Open Scholarship and alternative metrics","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Open Scholarship seeks “ alternative metrics ” (also known broadly as altmetrics; not to be confused with the company, Altmetric ) that can make use of the new possibilities of digitally networked tools to track and measure the impact of scholarship through formerly invisible activities.","representedInStars":true}
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{"key":"osft-doc-1459/c443","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/108ae67a9dc14f45","nativeRecordCid":"28a7154c-4044-4d69-9601-29b38428c23f","documentId":"osft-doc-1459","id":"c443","text":"Altmetrics capture new forms of information about the dissemination of research.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"altmetrics","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Importantly, these capture new forms of information about the dissemination of research, as well as the process of collaboration, which help to expand the traditional view of publication being the end of a narrow research pipeline.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1459/c444","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/2cc03d028a724775","nativeRecordCid":"af0b5d17-1e1c-4336-acf9-e43e0a2ea7a5","documentId":"osft-doc-1459","id":"c444","text":"Altmetrics capture new forms of information about the process of collaboration.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"altmetrics","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Importantly, these capture new forms of information about the dissemination of research, as well as the process of collaboration, which help to expand the traditional view of publication being the end of a narrow research pipeline.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1459/c445","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/eb7a39bf649c44cd","nativeRecordCid":"8d7da85b-24b5-418c-b02e-674c5b9d8c5c","documentId":"osft-doc-1459","id":"c445","text":"New information captured by altmetrics helps expand the traditional view of publication being the end of a narrow research pipeline.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"altmetrics and view of publication","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Importantly, these capture new forms of information about the dissemination of research, as well as the process of collaboration, which help to expand the traditional view of publication being the end of a narrow research pipeline.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1459/c446","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/4056434ff4b04279","nativeRecordCid":"cf9a74a6-b573-4103-9f15-19a5f7db519e","documentId":"osft-doc-1459","id":"c446","text":"The principles of responsible metrics use are closely aligned with the goals of Open Scholarship.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"responsible metrics principles","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Therefore, the principles of responsible metrics use are closely aligned with the goals of Open Scholarship:","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1459/c447","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/e79f6c5823c443ab","nativeRecordCid":"48c636a6-53d3-460a-a8b2-c2b3716751f7","documentId":"osft-doc-1459","id":"c447","text":"Metrics should be based on the best possible data in terms of accuracy and scope.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"","subject":"metric robustness","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Robustness : Basing metrics on the best possible data in terms of accuracy and scope;","representedInStars":true}
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{"key":"osft-doc-1459/c449","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/a2ce283c384b46ca","nativeRecordCid":"03d578c8-cb49-419c-bc99-a1fbb459995b","documentId":"osft-doc-1459","id":"c449","text":"Data collection and analytical processes should be kept open and transparent so that those being evaluated can test and verify the results.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"","subject":"metric transparency","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Transparency : Keeping data collection and analytical processes open and transparent, so that those being evaluated can test and verify the results;","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1459/c450","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/0073e1affcb548c5","nativeRecordCid":"97808e5b-6487-48aa-9a01-5faf7f4a691f","documentId":"osft-doc-1459","id":"c450","text":"Metrics should account for variation by field.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"","subject":"metric diversity","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Diversity : Accounting for variation by field, and using a range of indicators to reflect and support a plurality of research and researcher career paths across the system;","representedInStars":true}
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{"key":"osft-doc-1459/c454","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/72d9f903230b44ed","nativeRecordCid":"3f90d3df-87f4-4991-959a-1274345aa3d4","documentId":"osft-doc-1459","id":"c454","text":"Measurement plays a core role in the future of Open Scholarship.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"measurement in Open Scholarship","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Along with this, measurement play a core role in the future of Open Scholarship through:","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1459/c455","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/92289347f935430e","nativeRecordCid":"fd447f2b-76ab-4cd5-ac29-faefd578a0bc","documentId":"osft-doc-1459","id":"c455","text":"Norms of research evaluation should change from traditional metrics to a more rigorous, evidence-based, and diverse/holistic suite of sources.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"","subject":"research evaluation norms","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Changing norms of research evaluation from traditional metrics, to a more rigorous, evidence-based, and diverse/holistic suite of sources.","representedInStars":true}
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{"key":"osft-doc-1459/c457","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/aa78b3f348be4052","nativeRecordCid":"5c96d8e0-50d3-48a7-903d-9d89d8a0c53c","documentId":"osft-doc-1459","id":"c457","text":"The principles and practices outlined in the San Francisco Declaration on Research Assessment and the Leiden Manifesto should be adopted.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"","subject":"DORA and Leiden Manifesto adoption","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Stop using the Journal Impact Factor in any form, and commit to the principles and practices outlined in the San Francisco Declaration on Research Assessment (DORA), and the Leiden Manifesto , and a fairer, more objective and robust system of research evaluation.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1459/c458","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/0230bfce67fe4c73","nativeRecordCid":"43c6d698-f8e7-46d6-aa66-3f88b811d968","documentId":"osft-doc-1459","id":"c458","text":"Alternative metrics, including those explicitly designed to measure openness, should be considered.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"","subject":"alternative metrics","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Consider alternative metrics, including those explicitly designed to measure openness ( Nichols and Twidale, 2017 ).","representedInStars":true}
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{"key":"osft-doc-1459/c460","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/2017b4bd6c6044d1","nativeRecordCid":"5da63ba5-def7-47a8-b9f0-6f48bca9b857","documentId":"osft-doc-1459","id":"c460","text":"Experimentation should occur before implementation of any metric.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"","subject":"metric experimentation","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Science-based assessment: experimentation before implementation of any metric, in order to better understand the scope, biases, and constraints of any quantitative measures.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1459/c461","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/a390db9fa40e4a6c","nativeRecordCid":"66267a5e-838d-499a-a6ef-565a670f34c8","documentId":"osft-doc-1459","id":"c461","text":"Issues of transparency and reproducibility apply to scholarship itself.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"transparency and reproducibility scope","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Issues of transparency and reproducibility apply both to scholarship itself and to the mechanisms through which our research is measured (e.g., whether a metric can be independently reproduced).","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1459/c462","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/e76ea31467f143bf","nativeRecordCid":"12c21535-f88d-4a06-8ea7-8a13f6f1fb7a","documentId":"osft-doc-1459","id":"c462","text":"Issues of transparency and reproducibility apply to the mechanisms through which research is measured.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"transparency and reproducibility scope","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Issues of transparency and reproducibility apply both to scholarship itself and to the mechanisms through which our research is measured (e.g., whether a metric can be independently reproduced).","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1459/c463","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/8c3221b1ab044ad9","nativeRecordCid":"5f4573b4-d35a-4f83-a88c-44a35bd12238","documentId":"osft-doc-1459","id":"c463","text":"An ethical framework for bibliometrics can be generalised to broader sets of metrics.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"ethical framework for bibliometrics","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Furner, 2014 provides an ethical framework for bibliometrics, which can be generalised to broader sets of metrics.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1459/c464","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/adcb197d13b94f05","nativeRecordCid":"bb576b3d-2617-4ba6-a511-0838deb801ec","documentId":"osft-doc-1459","id":"c464","text":"All metrics can and will be gamed.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"metrics and gaming","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Of course, there are also dangers with new metrics, since all metrics can and will be gamed , and new metrics offer new, little understood opportunities for gaming.","representedInStars":true}
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{"key":"osft-doc-1459/c479","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/1c8f9dbe9fe7490f","nativeRecordCid":"7edf3e84-2b79-40e1-88f0-b2b1d7456873","documentId":"osft-doc-1459","id":"c479","text":"The Open Scholarship community must build awareness that community diversity and inclusivity are fundamental principles.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"the wider Open Scholarship community","subject":"awareness of diversity and inclusivity","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"It is the responsibility of the wider Open Scholarship community to build awareness that community diversity and inclusivity are fundamental principles.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1459/c480","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/4eb047fa4b9041c9","nativeRecordCid":"5e5c42ae-5145-41d1-8680-b72edd69c301","documentId":"osft-doc-1459","id":"c480","text":"The Open Scholarship community must develop tools and techniques to fix existing diversity and inclusivity issues.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"the wider Open Scholarship community","subject":"tools to fix diversity issues","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"This includes developing tools and techniques to fix existing issues; and","representedInStars":true}
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{"key":"osft-doc-1459/c482","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/ee054c4b7e0c4f90","nativeRecordCid":"07071f70-a1b8-4f43-a41c-4848944523cd","documentId":"osft-doc-1459","id":"c482","text":"Community cohesion and messaging must be a foundational principle for the Open Scholarship community and extended to all other related communities.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"the Open Scholarship community","subject":"community cohesion and messaging","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Community cohesion and messaging must be a foundational principle for the Open Scholarship community, and extended to all other related communities.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1459/c483","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/95b3bc6e612244a4","nativeRecordCid":"2eddd10f-ab3a-48b0-9212-2d50a9648d27","documentId":"osft-doc-1459","id":"c483","text":"The Open Scholarship community must develop and practice appropriate standards.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"the Open Scholarship community","subject":"community standards","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Develop and practice appropriate standards;","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1459/c484","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/01167dcc76424a17","nativeRecordCid":"c574afad-b876-499e-bc36-18f01a9a5210","documentId":"osft-doc-1459","id":"c484","text":"The Open Scholarship community must create educational curricula for practitioners.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"the Open Scholarship community","subject":"educational curricula","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Create educational curricula for practitioners;","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1459/c485","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/a016e3aa22464ae4","nativeRecordCid":"89309940-fd3a-4aeb-87d6-3457e85823de","documentId":"osft-doc-1459","id":"c485","text":"The Open Scholarship community must obtain public goods.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"the Open Scholarship community","subject":"public goods","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Obtain public goods and public funding;","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1459/c486","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/5629854eac2c49c0","nativeRecordCid":"ae1a062e-9022-4921-bc70-28662ac7f60a","documentId":"osft-doc-1459","id":"c486","text":"The Open Scholarship community must obtain public funding.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"the Open Scholarship community","subject":"public funding","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Obtain public goods and public funding;","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1459/c487","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/0ca0fcb614b14579","nativeRecordCid":"ad21b657-2f86-4139-ba74-f93ee11fa7a9","documentId":"osft-doc-1459","id":"c487","text":"The Open Scholarship community must collaborate with other related or overlapping communities, including Open Science Hardware and Open Source Software, on common areas of interest.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"the Open Scholarship community","subject":"collaboration with related communities","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Collaborate with other related or overlapping communities, including Open Science Hardware and Open Source Software, on common areas of interest.","representedInStars":true}
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{"key":"osft-doc-1459/c489","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/deb410f654d24d4b","nativeRecordCid":"f9e30400-8a68-4aba-a33e-695fb526d35f","documentId":"osft-doc-1459","id":"c489","text":"Community science has spill-over effects to and from education.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"community science","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Spill-over effects to and from education; and","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1459/c490","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/b18f2ba0ec274e2a","nativeRecordCid":"9d5fac70-cd45-4ec4-994f-b853c42174b3","documentId":"osft-doc-1459","id":"c490","text":"Community science strengthens the ability to participate intellectually, donate computing power, biological samples, or other resources, including money, towards research projects.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"community science participation","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Strengthening the ability to participate intellectually, donate computing power, biological samples or other resources, including money (crowdfunded research), towards research projects.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1459/c491","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/ab784d7584c84fbb","nativeRecordCid":"0112b78a-da94-4d8f-9dbd-5d691a979626","documentId":"osft-doc-1459","id":"c491","text":"The global scholarly community is vast, covering every continent.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"global scholarly community","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The global scholarly community is vast, covering every continent, and embedded within strong research and academic institutes.","representedInStars":true}
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{"key":"osft-doc-1459/c493","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/21a6d57700664429","nativeRecordCid":"af1ae0ee-f682-4c16-960c-67f464042560","documentId":"osft-doc-1459","id":"c493","text":"The Open movement extends beyond scholarship and relates to wider fields such as Open Culture, Open Government, Open Source, and Open Society.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"Open movement scope","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The ‘Open’ movement goes beyond just scholarship, and is related to wider fields such as Open Culture, Open Government, Open Source, and Open Society.","representedInStars":true}
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{"key":"osft-doc-1459/c500","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/dac9964a97474e8e","nativeRecordCid":"8e4b3686-342e-41a6-99d5-174a3158d34f","documentId":"osft-doc-1459","id":"c500","text":"Passionate champions become especially important as an asset to the movement when their experiences and knowledge can be shared and multiplied through building collaborations, networks, communities, and mentorship models.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"passionate champions as assets","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"As an asset to the movement, they become especially important when their experiences and knowledge can be shared and multiplied, through building of collaborations, networks and communities, and mentorship models.","representedInStars":true}
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{"key":"osft-doc-1459/c502","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/2341c0290f764981","nativeRecordCid":"56b3a15a-6fc3-45da-a45f-70f6d16a1a56","documentId":"osft-doc-1459","id":"c502","text":"The impact of the evidence supporting Open Scholarship can be seen at multiple levels, from the practices of individuals up to national-level policies around Open Access and Open Scholarship.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"impact of Open Scholarship evidence","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The impact of this can be seen at multiple levels, from the practices of individuals, up to national-level policies around Open Access and Open Scholarship.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1459/c503","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/18ad4ac03a264886","nativeRecordCid":"b03af636-9830-4258-b176-f0d605c6b6e6","documentId":"osft-doc-1459","id":"c503","text":"Research into various aspects of Open Scholarship and its impacts has found them to be almost overwhelmingly positive.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"research findings on Open Scholarship impacts","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Key projects, groups, and scholars have been conducting research into various aspects of Open Scholarship and its impacts, finding them to be almost overwhelmingly positive.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1459/c504","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/d35456b7b50f4f48","nativeRecordCid":"73eb45ca-000f-42d8-ab5e-3d0f91fbc65d","documentId":"osft-doc-1459","id":"c504","text":"As the Open Scholarship movement grows, the evidence base and the depth of critical analysis will continue to develop and mature.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"evidence base and critical analysis","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"As the movement grows, the evidence base, and the depth of critical analysis will continue to develop and mature.","representedInStars":true}
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{"key":"osft-doc-1459/c509","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/86f3709d15224cf3","nativeRecordCid":"59cb3aef-7ff4-4c5d-b24a-92b7758ddbe1","documentId":"osft-doc-1459","id":"c509","text":"The growth of preprints has led to a rapidly evolving landscape around preprints, with technological innovation and community practices constantly adapting.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"preprint landscape","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"In the last two years, this has led to a rapidly evolving landscape around preprints, with technological innovation and community practices constantly adapting.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1459/c510","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/1bafe4d0a9bb4a3e","nativeRecordCid":"184aed27-5e34-4fbb-a3f5-5d6cf0cca7e4","documentId":"osft-doc-1459","id":"c510","text":"The ever-growing range of Open Scholarship charters and declarations offers internally consistent sets of goals and actions resulting from extensive thinking and discussion.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"Open Scholarship charters and declarations","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"This ever-growing range of high-level statements in support of openness (typically Open Access ), but also more broadly , offers internally consistent sets of goals and actions that are result of a lot of thinking and discussing.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1459/c511","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/98ad0d1c83c54ac2","nativeRecordCid":"515fcd9b-7af4-4752-9b31-1a0809ab7ff5","documentId":"osft-doc-1459","id":"c511","text":"The push to develop Open Scholarship policy models arises from a combination of dynamic, broad and cohesive top-down and bottom-up approaches.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"Open Scholarship policy development","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"This transpires from a combination of dynamic, broad and cohesive top-down (policy initiatives from funders, governments, institutions) and bottom-up (grassroots) approaches.","representedInStars":true}
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{"key":"osft-doc-1459/c513","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/edf0b93203da4405","nativeRecordCid":"be569378-6415-41b8-9830-a419c4daa4a0","documentId":"osft-doc-1459","id":"c513","text":"Top-down Open Scholarship policies often demand that researchers comply with rules about data sharing and open code without always providing the resources or structures necessary for compliant behaviour.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"top-down policies","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"One issue with top-down policies is that bodies such as governments and funders demand researchers to comply with rules about data sharing, open code, and the like, yet do not always provide the resources or structures necessary for compliant behaviour.","representedInStars":true}
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{"key":"osft-doc-1459/c519","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/a1227c4a7dfb4f10","nativeRecordCid":"fc9435dd-1552-49be-8126-ab7b29ef8b1c","documentId":"osft-doc-1459","id":"c519","text":"Africa Journals Online (AJOL) has become very popular in Africa.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"AJOL","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Similarly, Africa Journals Online (AJOL) has become very popular in Africa.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1459/c520","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/4e03bc5c50ca4ba0","nativeRecordCid":"e1a52d88-d076-4fd5-9ad5-0d1c9f8b3c50","documentId":"osft-doc-1459","id":"c520","text":"Open Scholarship has been recognised by key international organisations active in research and education.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"Open Scholarship recognition","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Open Scholarship has been recognised by key international organisations active in research and education, and has strong support from institutes around the world.","representedInStars":true}
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{"key":"osft-doc-1459/c522","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/494ea616e0654ec2","nativeRecordCid":"0fd77053-275c-4837-82d4-0420ef64930a","documentId":"osft-doc-1459","id":"c522","text":"Open Scholarship tends to have a common language, usually English, for ease of understanding.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"Open Scholarship language","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Open Scholarship tends to have a common language (English, usually) for ease of understanding (although see below for why this can also be a challenge).","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1459/c523","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/af6cbbf94ece4d16","nativeRecordCid":"e2622f0c-1446-4682-a3ca-58bf65064614","documentId":"osft-doc-1459","id":"c523","text":"The Open Scholarship movement publishes articles and resources that are typically free, well-indexed by search engines, easy to read on mobile devices, and quick to make use of graphics and multimedia.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"Open Scholarship publications","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The Open Scholarship movement publishes articles and resources that are typically free, well-indexed by Google and other search engines, easy to read on mobile devices, and quick to make use of graphics and multimedia to illustrate points.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1459/c524","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/db60c9dadb6d4b37","nativeRecordCid":"254a208e-c872-4f24-b61d-b4404ff056ed","documentId":"osft-doc-1459","id":"c524","text":"The Open Scholarship movement's tendency to embrace technology helps it disseminate its ideas more broadly and quickly than can be accomplished by traditional publication methods.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"Open Scholarship dissemination","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"This tendency to embrace technology helps the Open Scholarship movement disseminate its ideas more broadly and quickly than can be accomplished by traditional publication methods.","representedInStars":true}
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{"key":"osft-doc-1459/c526","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/a2c1edb7189f4821","nativeRecordCid":"cd02b49a-764c-4c81-8c48-88b3be9b3608","documentId":"osft-doc-1459","id":"c526","text":"Corresponding practices such as platform-independent text formatting, well-formed document structures, and alt-text assignment make information accessible for people with access needs.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"accessibility-related practices","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Corresponding practices such as the active use of platform-independent text formatting (i.e. via markdown), the provision of well-formed document structures via clearly-labelled headings, paragraphs, etc., and a pro-active assignment of alt-texts for images and descriptive information for graphs, videos, etc. does not only help making information machine-readable, which is needed for properly disseminating information via the semantic web, but also has the added benefit of making this information accessible for people with access needs (see e.g. the basic accessibility guidelines provided by UK Home Office Digital ).","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1459/c527","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/fbd4d7b6dcaa4f30","nativeRecordCid":"4c8fd7f8-1156-48a4-84eb-02d949db4cd4","documentId":"osft-doc-1459","id":"c527","text":"Not all Open Scholarship challenges are equal or present in every potential context or community.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"Open Scholarship challenges","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Not all challenges are equal, or present in every potential context or community.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1459/c528","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/479d0e177a5e4336","nativeRecordCid":"4e45a090-25fe-46d3-b0f2-e4c9b65a235e","documentId":"osft-doc-1459","id":"c528","text":"There is currently little consensus over whether the future of Open Scholarship should be purely owned by non-profit entities governed by the global scholarly community or whether there is space for private or corporate interests.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"ownership of Open Scholarship's future","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"There is currently little consensus over whether the future of Open Scholarship should be purely owned by non-profit entities governed by the global scholarly community (including charities and NGOs), or whether there is a space for private or corporate interests.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1459/c529","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/f4df5b07b7de4bf3","nativeRecordCid":"5a26f5f5-0216-472d-9c56-eca36a38673c","documentId":"osft-doc-1459","id":"c529","text":"The future of Open Scholarship is likely to be a mixed model combining all actor types.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"future ownership model","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"It is likely that the future will be a mixed model combining all actor types, although the relative position, power, and status of these remains to be seen.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1459/c530","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/e3309967beaf4fa4","nativeRecordCid":"85b00b81-dd94-4766-873c-26518362b538","documentId":"osft-doc-1459","id":"c530","text":"The relative position, power, and status of the different actor types in Open Scholarship's future remains to be seen.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"actor types in Open Scholarship","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"It is likely that the future will be a mixed model combining all actor types, although the relative position, power, and status of these remains to be seen.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1459/c531","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/2114b9e471b847f1","nativeRecordCid":"3d244f22-9680-4635-a071-2153c305e436","documentId":"osft-doc-1459","id":"c531","text":"Further discussion is needed to overcome the widespread inertia around current Open Scholarship business models.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"","subject":"discussion on business models","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Further discussion is needed here to overcome the widespread inertia where current business models are concerned.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1459/c532","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/3501908c1abb441e","nativeRecordCid":"e759a57e-daf3-4884-af90-03f751cc3694","documentId":"osft-doc-1459","id":"c532","text":"Discussion on Open Scholarship business models must address overcoming the misconception that Open Scholarship is anti-commercial and demonstrating return on investment.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"","subject":"discussion on business models","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Overcoming the misconception that Open Scholarship is anti-commercial/demonstrating return on investment (e.g., Balasegaram et al., 2017 ; Hakoum et al., 2017 ).","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1459/c533","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/9b31b7ec50be42fe","nativeRecordCid":"d893fd08-e692-4d9a-aefc-e0ae600ad7bc","documentId":"osft-doc-1459","id":"c533","text":"Discussion on Open Scholarship business models must address resolving frictions between a Scholarly Commons model for research and its operation within a capitalistic framework.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"","subject":"discussion on business models","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Resolving frictions between a Scholarly Commons model for research, and its operation within a capitalistic framework. (e.g., Clash of cultures )","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1459/c534","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/77b57f5786784b8c","nativeRecordCid":"bfe784e6-8967-43f8-8f9c-eae1ec4d93d1","documentId":"osft-doc-1459","id":"c534","text":"Discussion on Open Scholarship business models must address seeking development of alternative business models.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"","subject":"discussion on business models","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Seeking development of alternative business models, such as the consortium approach of the Open Library of Humanities ( Eve and Edwards, 2015 ).","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1459/c535","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/4d19f1c8529f4a49","nativeRecordCid":"34d9a7d6-b83b-4f33-8ae5-ed458203b492","documentId":"osft-doc-1459","id":"c535","text":"Open Scholarship is characterized by numerous competing, parallel, and overlapping definitions in principles and practices.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"Open Scholarship definitions","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Open Scholarship is characterized by numerous competing, parallel, and overlapping definitions in principles and practices.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1459/c536","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/e99ef55c8103457f","nativeRecordCid":"57b73e51-8ecd-47b3-a7e0-00261cc143e9","documentId":"osft-doc-1459","id":"c536","text":"Governments, public and private funding agencies, research institutes, and educational entities continually develop diverse policies to govern Open Scholarship initiatives.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"Open Scholarship policy development","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Accordingly, governments, public and private funding agencies, research institutes, and educational entities continually develop diverse policies to govern Open Scholarship initiatives.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1459/c537","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/f8675699fc8d4fdc","nativeRecordCid":"12f8a688-6a07-4c88-8c5b-bda84f8ef567","documentId":"osft-doc-1459","id":"c537","text":"Open Scholarship policies span countries, scientific disciplines, and components of the Open Scholarship ecosystem.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"Open Scholarship policies","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"These policies span countries, scientific disciplines, and components of the Open Scholarship ecosystem, and impose rules, regulations, and guidelines upon the scientific research community via mechanisms including government policies, grant funding requirements, and institutional mandates.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1459/c538","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/5d19d39fdd81472e","nativeRecordCid":"58bfdcec-2bff-4a82-bd99-7eb039df8626","documentId":"osft-doc-1459","id":"c538","text":"Open Scholarship policies impose rules, regulations, and guidelines upon the scientific research community via mechanisms including government policies, grant funding requirements, and institutional mandates.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"Open Scholarship policies","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"These policies span countries, scientific disciplines, and components of the Open Scholarship ecosystem, and impose rules, regulations, and guidelines upon the scientific research community via mechanisms including government policies, grant funding requirements, and institutional mandates.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1459/c539","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/a72e5366c5b14f8a","nativeRecordCid":"ece43f2f-d9a0-4d18-af6c-b3f08050998f","documentId":"osft-doc-1459","id":"c539","text":"Open Science has been a high priority on the EU agenda for some time.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"EU Open Science agenda","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Open Science has been a high priority on the EU agenda for some time.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1459/c540","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/bab89ec91e954d1d","nativeRecordCid":"2c5c8640-49ae-4528-b4fa-98fb627e584b","documentId":"osft-doc-1459","id":"c540","text":"The primary focus of the EU's Open Science agenda has been on economic growth, development, and innovation.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"EU Open Science agenda","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The primary focus of this has, however, been on economic growth, development, and innovation.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1459/c541","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/e43bc59177be460c","nativeRecordCid":"9c41ee3e-3677-4477-86c3-53d14c133858","documentId":"osft-doc-1459","id":"c541","text":"The core academic and social aspects of Open Scholarship appear to have been somewhat under-discussed in the EU's agenda.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"EU Open Science agenda","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The core academic and social aspects of Open Scholarship appear to have been somewhat under-discussed.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1459/c542","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/a762e36f527f4111","nativeRecordCid":"e97fbb99-a4c8-4cc9-8727-802201325d9e","documentId":"osft-doc-1459","id":"c542","text":"Nations other than the early movers have been generally slow in adopting national Open Science policies or strategies.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"national Open Science policy adoption","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Other nations have been generally slow in adopting national Open Science policies or strategies.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1459/c543","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/e37cd0d2b09b4dff","nativeRecordCid":"c77b7e84-6fa5-40cd-93c2-3dbd4b085ee9","documentId":"osft-doc-1459","id":"c543","text":"EU Horizon 2020 is one of the most notable government initiatives involving Open Scholarship policies.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"EU Horizon 2020","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"EU Horizon 2020 is one of the most notable government initiatives involving Open Scholarship policies (see also work on ‘Plan S’).","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1459/c544","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/fe0176f2331649f5","nativeRecordCid":"641be5e2-78fd-428c-a573-74f3d6ec3c90","documentId":"osft-doc-1459","id":"c544","text":"The Responsible Research and Innovation component of the \"Science with and for Society\" Work Programme makes open education, research, and access explicit targets of EU policy.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"Responsible Research and Innovation programme","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"For example, the Responsible Research and Innovation (RRI) component of the Work Programme “Science with and for Society” makes open education, research, and access explicit targets of EU policy.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1459/c545","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/3466512cb58b4de4","nativeRecordCid":"de41d142-b15a-4eb8-b161-845fd4fd6ba7","documentId":"osft-doc-1459","id":"c545","text":"There is a general lack of synthesized and consistent strategy on the political motivations for Open Scholarship.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"political motivations for Open Scholarship","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"From these examples, it is clear that there is a general lack of synthesized and consistent strategy on the political motivations for Open Scholarship.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1459/c546","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/c0226b07a0714ae1","nativeRecordCid":"e033505a-eafa-4996-9d41-4dbc34bf1f52","documentId":"osft-doc-1459","id":"c546","text":"Deeper coordination is needed to strategically identify which aspects of Open Scholarship match with each intended political outcome.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"","subject":"coordination of Open Scholarship strategy","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Deeper coordination is needed in this field to strategically identify which aspects of Open Scholarship match with each intended political outcome.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1459/c547","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/50bcdcc04f194121","nativeRecordCid":"9835d964-fdfb-49ff-abc7-7a38fab528b1","documentId":"osft-doc-1459","id":"c547","text":"Awareness of Open Scholarship is still often very low among certain research communities.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"awareness of Open Scholarship","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Awareness of Open Scholarship is still often very low among certain research communities.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1459/c548","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/a1aaba24919346cd","nativeRecordCid":"21de5b42-1cc2-4081-875a-6f187dee7a8d","documentId":"osft-doc-1459","id":"c548","text":"Some researchers adopt Open Scholarship practices while hesitating to equate their practices with the term Open Scholarship.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"researcher adoption of Open Scholarship practices","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Some researchers may adopt Open Scholarship practices (e.g., data sharing, Open Access publishing), while hesitate to equate their practices with the term Open Scholarship.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1459/c549","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/7c0c6892268140da","nativeRecordCid":"968fa9c4-6a8a-4e56-a8d9-80fd8e456b70","documentId":"osft-doc-1459","id":"c549","text":"High awareness of Open Scholarship does not necessarily translate into adoption, often due to a lack of information, sufficient incentives and motivation, or interest.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"awareness versus adoption","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Even where awareness levels are high, this does not necessarily translate into adoption, often due to a lack of information, sufficient incentives and motivation, or interest.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1459/c550","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/4cfe3c4c1f584178","nativeRecordCid":"adb56873-1040-4c16-8cef-d5e50bddf291","documentId":"osft-doc-1459","id":"c550","text":"The phenomenon of researchers adopting open scholarship practices for pragmatic reasons without using the label or identifying as open scholars requires further empirical investigation.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"","subject":"researcher adoption without labelling","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The fact that researchers might adopt open scholarship practices based on pragmatic reasons, but don’t use the label or identify it as open scholarship, or that they are open scholars, requires further empirical investigation as one of the key social aspects of the movement.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1459/c551","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/834dca5c0ca94e9f","nativeRecordCid":"10f1fac6-aea5-429e-8330-bcfa9692c62c","documentId":"osft-doc-1459","id":"c551","text":"The heterogeneous geographical reach and awareness of Open Scholarship practices needs to be investigated.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"","subject":"geographical reach of Open Scholarship awareness","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The heterogeneous geographical reach and awareness of Open Scholarship practices needs to be investigated.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1459/c552","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/20ca499c430f43f9","nativeRecordCid":"062c72cc-70b8-4a4e-acfc-23204f453abd","documentId":"osft-doc-1459","id":"c552","text":"Open Scholarship must be better promoted in non-English languages.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"","subject":"Open Scholarship promotion","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Open scholarship must be better promoted in non-English languages.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1459/c553","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/a57ede4e445d46dc","nativeRecordCid":"f449dabf-eb75-4209-92b8-8c2df58df348","documentId":"osft-doc-1459","id":"c553","text":"The hegemony of English often works to further empower Global North countries in Open Scholarship conversations.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"hegemony of English","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The hegemony of English often works to further empower Global North countries in such conversations.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1459/c554","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/c6dceb55f8a34341","nativeRecordCid":"dd9bbba2-4492-490d-a7ff-b0e49523e433","documentId":"osft-doc-1459","id":"c554","text":"The most influential scientists got their position by being successful in the 'closed' system.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"influential scientists","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The most influential scientists got their position by being successful in ‘closed’ system.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1459/c555","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/d6d8d81399a0487f","nativeRecordCid":"d598238d-fa32-4057-bfbe-974ac6571ad1","documentId":"osft-doc-1459","id":"c555","text":"This bias toward those successful in the closed system is powerful in defining the research practices of early career researchers.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"bias in research practices","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"This bias is powerful in defining research practices of early career researchers.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1459/c556","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/01d72f0e21824343","nativeRecordCid":"bdb3553f-ef16-42e1-940b-2a00cc2b8e84","documentId":"osft-doc-1459","id":"c556","text":"Misleading uses of Open Scholarship terminologies dilute the intended messages.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"misleading terminology use","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Misleading uses of Open Scholarship terminologies dilutes the intended messages.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1459/c557","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/30ebc79ee6ff4e3c","nativeRecordCid":"4b5ffd90-7096-4736-a946-4aea9ea8a231","documentId":"osft-doc-1459","id":"c557","text":"'Open washing' refers to using Open Scholarship terms for products, services, and practices that are hardly open.","kind":"definitional","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"open washing","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"So-called ‘open washing’ refers to using the Open Scholarship terms for products, services, and practices that are hardly open.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1459/c558","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/cf6316b161a24af0","nativeRecordCid":"0404edb2-92e3-48c4-ae44-4468fce441c7","documentId":"osft-doc-1459","id":"c558","text":"Free is not open.","kind":"definitional","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"openness versus free","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"For example, free is not open, and simply providing research tools is not open either.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1459/c559","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/7c451c316fad4755","nativeRecordCid":"d173e227-5d8a-4515-a2af-31f2ac86131e","documentId":"osft-doc-1459","id":"c559","text":"Simply providing research tools is not open.","kind":"definitional","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"openness versus tool provision","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"For example, free is not open, and simply providing research tools is not open either.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1459/c560","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/c024c9735deb4b9f","nativeRecordCid":"d152b601-5c16-4b43-9320-617f096add0c","documentId":"osft-doc-1459","id":"c560","text":"Misleading uses of Open Scholarship terminology include confusing Open Scholarship with Open Access.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"misleading terminology use","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"This also includes confusing Open Scholarship with Open Access.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1459/c561","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/6c88092d62a54202","nativeRecordCid":"fa4beb14-53b4-4aa6-8933-fe7239c02ba3","documentId":"osft-doc-1459","id":"c561","text":"There is an imminent danger that companies with a history of anti-openness can move into and co-opt the Open Scholarship movement if it is not appropriately defined and adhered to.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"co-optation risk","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"There is an imminent danger that some companies with a history of anti-openness can move into and co-opt the Open scholarship movement, if this is not appropriately defined and adhered to.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1459/c562","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/8bc3df9399f9450f","nativeRecordCid":"f83386b7-20f6-4994-9c21-2dc0b66518ff","documentId":"osft-doc-1459","id":"c562","text":"The Open movement is beset by communication and engagement challenges, including from powerful players with opposing or divergent interests.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"Open movement communication challenges","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The Open movement is beset by communication and engagement challenges, including from powerful players with opposing or divergent interests.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1459/c563","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/d80be39182744970","nativeRecordCid":"c8330535-8cc3-4412-8f0e-f328c53c7933","documentId":"osft-doc-1459","id":"c563","text":"The Open Scholarship community should adopt a stance of 'radical kindness' and treat powerful players with opposing interests with absolute, unwavering civility, even when such courtesies are not repaid.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"the Open Scholarship community","subject":"engagement with opposing actors","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The community should adopt the stance of ‘radical kindness’ when engaging with those actors, and treat them with absolute, unwavering civility; in particular, when those common courtesies are not repaid to them.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1459/c564","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/17ca2a12fc4646b7","nativeRecordCid":"b63eaf11-887d-4d53-b286-80cc9a179590","documentId":"osft-doc-1459","id":"c564","text":"Open Scholarship comes with its own set of technical terms.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"Open Scholarship terminology","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Open Scholarship does come with its own set of technical terms.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1459/c565","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/ef0f47613eea4cd1","nativeRecordCid":"05c0f829-0eca-4312-a545-22f7cf87bb32","documentId":"osft-doc-1459","id":"c565","text":"Jargon should be avoided where possible to lower engagement thresholds in Open Scholarship.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"","subject":"jargon avoidance","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"To lower engagement thresholds, avoid the use of jargon where possible, and make sure commonly used terms are defined with precision.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1459/c566","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/2210d0a39fc8404d","nativeRecordCid":"ca2ad96c-73d5-4408-a8ec-1b720ec32507","documentId":"osft-doc-1459","id":"c566","text":"Commonly used Open Scholarship terms should be defined with precision.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"","subject":"term definition precision","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"To lower engagement thresholds, avoid the use of jargon where possible, and make sure commonly used terms are defined with precision.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1459/c567","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/c71ff74cfa7f46c8","nativeRecordCid":"1858ac39-c49b-4e39-bc8d-548509c84790","documentId":"osft-doc-1459","id":"c567","text":"The Open Research Glossary could be useful for lowering engagement thresholds around Open Scholarship terminology.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"Open Research Glossary","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The Open Research Glossary could be useful here.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1459/c568","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/0a72474250954391","nativeRecordCid":"9895d55a-ee02-4688-a4a2-6322eb5b89f1","documentId":"osft-doc-1459","id":"c568","text":"Legal (copyright/licensing) and economic (ownership/business models) knowledge may be as important as technical knowledge in Open Scholarship.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"legal and economic knowledge","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Legal (copyright/licensing) and economic (ownership/business models) knowledge may be as important as technical knowledge.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1459/c569","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/ea9619b50301428f","nativeRecordCid":"d7e42052-9f76-447e-a508-96f6fed2be15","documentId":"osft-doc-1459","id":"c569","text":"Legal and economic knowledge in Open Scholarship is generally poorly understood or appreciated within scholarly communities.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"legal and economic knowledge","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"This is something though that is generally poorly understood or appreciated within scholarly communities.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1459/c570","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/8514fff4f7da4574","nativeRecordCid":"883a1615-5c88-4e0c-adcd-33de10dd1424","documentId":"osft-doc-1459","id":"c570","text":"Underestimating the power of copyright laws and their intersection with Open Scholarship may have been one of the key reasons the Open movement has not met some of its principal objectives.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"copyright law underestimation","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Underestimating the power of copyright laws, and the intersection this has with various aspects of Open Scholarship, may have been one of the key reasons why the Open movement has not met some of its principle objectives .","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1459/c571","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/40a2bc926c834813","nativeRecordCid":"cfde341c-159f-4eec-bdce-27e7ed91ca1b","documentId":"osft-doc-1459","id":"c571","text":"The Open Scholarship Movement may be able to draw valuable lessons from the Open Education movement's experience integrating Creative Commons licences for teaching/learning material.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"lessons from Open Education movement","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The Open Scholarship Movement may be able to draw valuable lessons from the experience of the international Open Education movement - and in particular from the actors involved in the introduction of Open Educational Resources (OER) - because it quickly focused on how to integrate Creative Commons licences for teaching/learning material.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1459/c572","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/bdfddec09e334a13","nativeRecordCid":"27a065ad-09b9-421a-899d-b76ce97d22fc","documentId":"osft-doc-1459","id":"c572","text":"Open Data and Open Access have been widely adopted by governments.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"government adoption of Open Data and Open Access","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Adoption of Open Scholarship at policy level by national and regional governments (like the way Open Data and Open Access have been widely adopted by governments).","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1459/c573","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/efbc45a105f7435c","nativeRecordCid":"32a3493a-db44-4bb2-8ecd-006b90eea0d2","documentId":"osft-doc-1459","id":"c573","text":"Research is a highly competitive endeavour across the world.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"research competitiveness","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Research is a highly competitive endeavour across the world.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1459/c574","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/5789191570f1402f","nativeRecordCid":"9c495ded-43e9-4e58-8321-d46a422d2c35","documentId":"osft-doc-1459","id":"c574","text":"Due to the relative novelty of many Open Scholarship practices, institutes are reluctant to risk their reputation on a global playing field by adopting new operational processes.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"institutional reluctance to adopt new practices","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Due to the relative novelty of many Open Scholarship practices, it is understandable that institutes do not want to risk their reputation on a global playing field by adopting new operational processes.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1459/c575","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/083627e2074246f3","nativeRecordCid":"b9288d17-2a4a-41f6-80cf-11de21bda56a","documentId":"osft-doc-1459","id":"c575","text":"Wider engagement of non-academic audiences, particularly members of the general public, is important to overcome political inertia regarding Open Scholarship.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"","subject":"non-academic engagement","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Wider engagement of non-academic audiences, particularly members of the general public, is important to overcome any political inertia regarding Open Scholarship.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1459/c576","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/12f802666270429e","nativeRecordCid":"4323f3b3-d0ce-4fdb-8fc9-d1ab57160c86","documentId":"osft-doc-1459","id":"c576","text":"Open Scholarship momentum is building, in terms of more widespread understanding of issues and adoption of practices.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"Open Scholarship momentum","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"All current evidence indicates that Open Scholarship momentum is building, in terms of more widespread understanding of issues and adoption of practices (e.g., in terms of number of institutional Open Access policies, as indicated by ROARMAP ).","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1459/c577","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/ab39f9cbe1de4b5b","nativeRecordCid":"5dbfae00-590e-4d4d-9abf-44750addb483","documentId":"osft-doc-1459","id":"c577","text":"Diffusion of Open Scholarship practices is often slow and granular, and beset by frictions.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"diffusion of Open Scholarship practices","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"But such diffusion is often slow and granular, and beset by frictions.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1459/c578","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/23c7fe7b25134c77","nativeRecordCid":"770976c5-b2b8-4413-9429-e68ee385eecf","documentId":"osft-doc-1459","id":"c578","text":"Further experimentation should be encouraged to demonstrate the applicability of larger-scale adoption of Open Scholarship practices and to increase the rate of growth and ultimate impact of Open Scholarship.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"","subject":"experimentation to demonstrate adoption","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Further experimentation should be encouraged to demonstrate the applicability of larger-scale adoption of practices and to increase the rate of growth, and ultimate impact, of Open Scholarship.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1459/c579","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/34a3ac8e1f1a40b6","nativeRecordCid":"eed8ed2e-3118-4093-8ae3-0e16ec7f065b","documentId":"osft-doc-1459","id":"c579","text":"The Open Scholarship movement often seems to be fairly combative about minute issues, without realizing the amount of agreement on the main issues.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"combativeness in Open Scholarship movement","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Often, the Open Scholarship movement seems to be fairly combatative about minute issues, without realizing amount of agreement on the main issues.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1459/c580","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/d19de214dba64e0e","nativeRecordCid":"d6be3689-fa34-410c-90d9-e16b825fa37a","documentId":"osft-doc-1459","id":"c580","text":"Focusing on core principles and/or values as a shared commonality sets fertile ground for further, productive discussion.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"focus on core principles","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Focusing on the core principles and/or values and identifying that as a shared commonality sets fertile ground for further, productive discussion.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1459/c581","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/abb3e1caa1934521","nativeRecordCid":"14a25653-c23e-4a1a-b656-93dfbb158ddd","documentId":"osft-doc-1459","id":"c581","text":"Financial sustainability is a key aspect for the future of Open Scholarship.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"financial sustainability","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Financial Sustainability is a key aspect for the future of Open Scholarship.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1459/c582","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/b4b5d1b064cf4785","nativeRecordCid":"6646fefe-c413-44a8-b9b3-d3de99e9a02f","documentId":"osft-doc-1459","id":"c582","text":"A greater understanding of financial workflows in scholarly communication is required.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"","subject":"financial workflows understanding","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"A greater understanding of financial workflows in scholarly communication is required, and to support initiatives such as SCOSS, which is dedicated to supporting a sustainable and open scholarly infrastructure.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1459/c583","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/f790eb9c584b4f82","nativeRecordCid":"a44e0a43-dc23-4650-98cb-45fa8c5d818c","documentId":"osft-doc-1459","id":"c583","text":"SCOSS is dedicated to supporting a sustainable and open scholarly infrastructure.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"SCOSS","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"A greater understanding of financial workflows in scholarly communication is required, and to support initiatives such as SCOSS, which is dedicated to supporting a sustainable and open scholarly infrastructure.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1459/c584","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/7a34cba0890c4bdb","nativeRecordCid":"f0be50ac-4f68-48d8-939b-bc595a13753b","documentId":"osft-doc-1459","id":"c584","text":"Initiatives such as The 2.5% Commitment could be important in the future.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"The 2.5% Commitment","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Initiatives such as The 2.5% Commitment could be important in the future.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1459/c585","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/007d5facd66947b0","nativeRecordCid":"4a1a6796-34c3-4998-b29b-a8968e4014b4","documentId":"osft-doc-1459","id":"c585","text":"There is a clear scope for diverting funds away from present flows into more sustainable Open Scholarship ventures.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"diverting funds to Open Scholarship","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Thus, there is a clear scope for diverting funds away from present flows (e.g., subscriptions) into more sustainable Open Scholarship ventures.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1459/c586","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/6635a4e43b234cc8","nativeRecordCid":"c24c6123-d258-4038-bf61-dbe7e4e1253e","documentId":"osft-doc-1459","id":"c586","text":"The Open Library of the Humanities' consortium model distributes the financial burden of individual libraries among a larger group of consortium members.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"Open Library of the Humanities consortium model","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"See also the consortium model mentioned above, of e.g. the Open Library of the Humanities , which distributes the financial burden of individual libraries among a larger group of consortium members.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1459/c587","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/a0006cbd3126452f","nativeRecordCid":"329fc9e3-c04f-4d2e-9ffc-f36f577ffda8","documentId":"osft-doc-1459","id":"c587","text":"Researchers already have burdens and pressures in maintaining high productivity levels, funding applications, administration, teaching, and other duties.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"researcher burdens","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"We fully recognise the burdens and pressures that researchers already have, in maintaining high productivity levels, funding applications, administration, teaching, and other duties.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1459/c588","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/b5461bf465fd4e2e","nativeRecordCid":"18134147-310a-481c-9b4e-3e3464a81d4d","documentId":"osft-doc-1459","id":"c588","text":"Open Scholarship is often not highly prioritised by researchers.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"prioritisation of Open Scholarship","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"This means that often, Open Scholarship, is not highly prioritised, as the current reward system is still highly focused on publication of novel results in high impact journals, which can stifle the rate of growth.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1459/c589","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/c1cb750c034f4263","nativeRecordCid":"6820dc99-188b-4382-9d25-af562898446a","documentId":"osft-doc-1459","id":"c589","text":"The current reward system in research is still highly focused on publication of novel results in high impact journals.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"research reward system","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"This means that often, Open Scholarship, is not highly prioritised, as the current reward system is still highly focused on publication of novel results in high impact journals, which can stifle the rate of growth.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1459/c590","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/d8fb2a1c52494be7","nativeRecordCid":"3315a040-c831-442e-9dff-c9aa056b7243","documentId":"osft-doc-1459","id":"c590","text":"The reward system's focus on publication of novel results in high impact journals can stifle the rate of growth of Open Scholarship.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"research reward system effect","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"This means that often, Open Scholarship, is not highly prioritised, as the current reward system is still highly focused on publication of novel results in high impact journals, which can stifle the rate of growth.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1459/c591","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/be978a055de2419e","nativeRecordCid":"3f275007-7beb-48fa-8e36-a2bc184caf8c","documentId":"osft-doc-1459","id":"c591","text":"Open Scholarship proponents need to be patient and understand the burdens researchers face.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"Open Scholarship proponents","subject":"patience toward researcher burdens","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Open Scholarship proponents need to be patient and understand this burden.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1459/c592","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/4bc37fe89cad401e","nativeRecordCid":"1ce1fd7c-f89c-4255-81e6-6dbf434e0992","documentId":"osft-doc-1459","id":"c592","text":"Diverse Open Scholarship initiatives working at different speeds in different communities can still reinforce each other in working towards the same broad goals.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"diverse Open Scholarship initiatives","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Seeing how diverse initiatives working at different speeds in different communities can still reinforce each other in working towards the same broad goals.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1459/c593","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/a5f0ebb3497d45da","nativeRecordCid":"5a054817-3005-4626-9933-fbae700c824c","documentId":"osft-doc-1459","id":"c593","text":"Researchers do not necessarily need to be open activists.","kind":"normative","modality":"may","actor":"researchers","subject":"researcher activism","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Researchers do not necessarily need to be open activists.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1459/c594","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/f85616a959be42d9","nativeRecordCid":"d05cb244-4761-40ba-83e3-b03ea16080fd","documentId":"osft-doc-1459","id":"c594","text":"Researchers should be aware of the functions of the wider scholarly communication system.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"researchers","subject":"awareness of scholarly communication system","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"However, they should be aware of the functions of the wider scholarly communication system, and the diverse range of processes and norms that are involved in this.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1459/c595","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/661779998e9d4b15","nativeRecordCid":"ecff52b8-92a4-46bb-a86e-3100cff977b5","documentId":"osft-doc-1459","id":"c595","text":"Researchers should be aware of the diverse range of processes and norms involved in the wider scholarly communication system.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"researchers","subject":"awareness of scholarly communication processes","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"However, they should be aware of the functions of the wider scholarly communication system, and the diverse range of processes and norms that are involved in this.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1459/c596","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/1ddb7386cbaf46d8","nativeRecordCid":"d4e0b2c4-7be1-4968-8cea-c84188911abb","documentId":"osft-doc-1459","id":"c596","text":"Enthusiasm for openness carries the danger of not being receptive to critique.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"enthusiasm for openness","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Enthusiasm for openness carries the danger of not being receptive to critique or not acknowledging that there are situations where the standard open practices can have dangers.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1459/c597","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/dcc4784098a44522","nativeRecordCid":"d5998d34-35cb-4d85-8611-5ff7b0c826ed","documentId":"osft-doc-1459","id":"c597","text":"Enthusiasm for openness carries the danger of not acknowledging that there are situations where standard open practices can have dangers.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"enthusiasm for openness","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Enthusiasm for openness carries the danger of not being receptive to critique or not acknowledging that there are situations where the standard open practices can have dangers.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1459/c598","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/e478d32c10734718","nativeRecordCid":"47449883-ea78-44bb-a560-c19acb26be6e","documentId":"osft-doc-1459","id":"c598","text":"Limitations of openness may relate to privacy issues.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"limitations of openness","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"This may relate to privacy issues, but also to data that being open could be captured by governments for surveillance or by companies for corporate interests (think data on rare or indigenous plants/animals, or data showing how local groups or environmental groups work).","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1459/c599","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/1d6b5d4d1e714b79","nativeRecordCid":"a4ee3400-5cb8-4e7a-859d-00ba16526d50","documentId":"osft-doc-1459","id":"c599","text":"Open data could be captured by governments for surveillance or by companies for corporate interests.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"open data capture risk","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"This may relate to privacy issues, but also to data that being open could be captured by governments for surveillance or by companies for corporate interests (think data on rare or indigenous plants/animals, or data showing how local groups or environmental groups work).","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1459/c600","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/9040fd39e7d8462d","nativeRecordCid":"7b65d906-f62f-4d91-b3f7-54fc49612d96","documentId":"osft-doc-1459","id":"c600","text":"Limitations of openness relate to the dangers of platform-based economies.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"limitations of openness","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"It also relates to being open to critique regarding the dangers of platform-based economies and unequal relation in research co-operations.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1459/c601","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/81953f52572645c2","nativeRecordCid":"68cfd3e6-0d34-418a-9aaa-8e21d4aec542","documentId":"osft-doc-1459","id":"c601","text":"Limitations of openness relate to unequal relations in research co-operations.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"limitations of openness","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"It also relates to being open to critique regarding the dangers of platform-based economies and unequal relation in research co-operations.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1459/c602","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/b80ddf3ff10a4b34","nativeRecordCid":"7dea746c-17cf-49d1-bd39-640fe163b48f","documentId":"osft-doc-1459","id":"c602","text":"Open Scholarship has an inherent bias towards English-speaking communities that discriminates against those who do not speak English as a first language.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"language bias in Open Scholarship","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"This includes an inherent bias towards English-speaking communities, which discriminates against those who do not speak this, either as their first language at all.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1459/c603","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/28d8758130994c32","nativeRecordCid":"dfbfe908-5891-435c-a6bb-23c35f58c306","documentId":"osft-doc-1459","id":"c603","text":"Open Scholarship must recognise that not all strategies are suitable for all regions.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"Open Scholarship","subject":"regional suitability of strategies","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Open Scholarship must recognise that not all strategies are suitable for all regions, and allow for flexibility as such.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1459/c604","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/4dfbef526e2049e9","nativeRecordCid":"dd6dced3-5251-4659-aee3-0088130677bc","documentId":"osft-doc-1459","id":"c604","text":"Open Scholarship must allow for flexibility given that not all strategies are suitable for all regions.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"Open Scholarship","subject":"flexibility across regions","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Open Scholarship must recognise that not all strategies are suitable for all regions, and allow for flexibility as such.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1459/c605","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/fc609632c8fb46ef","nativeRecordCid":"cb345427-5d6e-4312-8e82-c824e88b7003","documentId":"osft-doc-1459","id":"c605","text":"The Open Scholarship movement must make sure that other regions are not negatively impacted by decisions taken by other extrinsic groups.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"the Open Scholarship movement","subject":"protecting regions from extrinsic decisions","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Related to this, the movement must make sure that other regions are not negatively impacted by decisions taken by other extrinsic groups.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1459/c606","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/d8b93606d53d469f","nativeRecordCid":"73f68620-7699-4a71-88a4-f46fa73d4fcb","documentId":"osft-doc-1459","id":"c606","text":"Universities and research institutes from across the world are waking up to the promise of Open Scholarship.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"universities and research institutes","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Universities and research institutes from across the world are waking up to the promise of Open Scholarship.","representedInStars":true}
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{"key":"osft-doc-1459/c608","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/0c2fb8c1cf4d453d","nativeRecordCid":"b1674a1d-ffcb-4764-907c-b9025e936d6f","documentId":"osft-doc-1459","id":"c608","text":"Universities are in a strong position to help guide and develop policy frameworks, best practices, and education on the various aspects of Open Scholarship.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"universities","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Discussions are happening at different levels, and universities in particular are in a strong position to help guide and develop policy frameworks, best practices, and education on the various aspects of Open Scholarship, including by providing administrative support.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1459/c609","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/f624772028c34dc7","nativeRecordCid":"69ef4dca-7fd1-47be-bb69-70b2d1a568c9","documentId":"osft-doc-1459","id":"c609","text":"Universities and research funders are in a position to adopt new practices in hiring, promotion, and tenure and to control how Open Scholarship feeds into this.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"universities and research funders","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Universities and research funders are in a position to adopt new practices in hiring, promotion, and tenure, and in particular control how Open Scholarship feeds in to this.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1459/c610","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/38cde571ab234902","nativeRecordCid":"882ffc08-3ccd-46e4-b152-94fdd28c836d","documentId":"osft-doc-1459","id":"c610","text":"Rewarding openness in hiring, promotion, and tenure is a key driver in the increased adoption of open practices.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"rewarding openness","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Rewarding openness at this level is a key driver in the increased adoption of open practices.","representedInStars":true}
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{"key":"osft-doc-1459/c612","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/152fa6763e2c400b","nativeRecordCid":"cd435c12-20c0-46cc-bf49-235d3a7a8990","documentId":"osft-doc-1459","id":"c612","text":"There is a huge scope for systematic training and education in scholarly communication that could be adopted by research institutes.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"training and education scope","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"There is a huge scope for systematic training and education in this domain, which could be adopted by research institutes.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1459/c613","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/1c8ab5d3e8f14f4a","nativeRecordCid":"1594b3bb-46fa-4cbc-b9cf-5aea695dbe16","documentId":"osft-doc-1459","id":"c613","text":"A huge global network of experts with professional capacity in scholarly communication training and education already exists.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"global network of experts","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"A huge global network of experts already exists with this professional capacity, but funding of such networks would be critical for any sort of sustainability.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1459/c614","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/051cdc30eabb426a","nativeRecordCid":"23e73dfb-16e5-4eda-9021-248328d94616","documentId":"osft-doc-1459","id":"c614","text":"Funding of the global network of scholarly communication experts is critical for any sort of sustainability.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"","subject":"funding of expert networks","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"A huge global network of experts already exists with this professional capacity, but funding of such networks would be critical for any sort of sustainability.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1459/c615","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/0ea546dc4b7045dd","nativeRecordCid":"517fe784-6550-4ba3-b9ce-c097e4b641fd","documentId":"osft-doc-1459","id":"c615","text":"Platforms, communities and technologies already exist today that can support the Open Scholarship movement.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"platforms and technologies","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Platforms, communities and technologies already exist today that can support this movement.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1459/c616","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/a39de0c042c44ee1","nativeRecordCid":"c8b1e2c4-ce47-479a-a484-1c3c4de4523c","documentId":"osft-doc-1459","id":"c616","text":"There is a great opportunity to harmonise the scholarly communication policy landscape to simplify compliance for researchers.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"harmonising policy landscape","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Overall, there is a great opportunity now available to harmonise the scholarly communication policy landscape to simplify compliance for researchers.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1459/c617","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/a894a1d213c84902","nativeRecordCid":"685a3ca7-f02b-4ca2-850c-4a234c7fbece","documentId":"osft-doc-1459","id":"c617","text":"Efforts to harmonise the scholarly communication policy landscape must avoid license proliferation involving many one-off licences that may not be mutually compatible and require too much work to interpret.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"","subject":"harmonising policy landscape","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"This would need to avoid license proliferation, with many one-off licences that may not be mutually compatible, and require too much work to interpret.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1459/c618","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/118a5e1862124f27","nativeRecordCid":"559a2902-2c8a-4850-964e-85e6f040bf81","documentId":"osft-doc-1459","id":"c618","text":"The equivalent licensing solution for article and data licenses should be something equivalent to CC BY.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"","subject":"article and data licensing","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The equivalent here for article and data licenses would be something equivalent to CC BY.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1459/c619","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/247b7de336654145","nativeRecordCid":"60c7dc7c-ed81-49da-8d19-11fbf14cb443","documentId":"osft-doc-1459","id":"c619","text":"A combined approach of top-down policy changes and grassroots campaigning, advocacy, and training and education is needed to close the gap between positive attitudes to most aspects of Open Scholarship and actual practices.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"","subject":"closing the attitude-practice gap","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"A combined approach of top-down policy changes and grassroots campaigning, advocacy, and training and education is needed to close the gap between positive attitudes to most aspects of Open Scholarship and the actual practices.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1459/c620","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/cbc7c66c187b497e","nativeRecordCid":"ed7dd51a-c6d3-4196-b7d1-a2ddd229ec5d","documentId":"osft-doc-1459","id":"c620","text":"There is a lack of research into personal determinants and environmental conditions of (not) publishing Open Access.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"Open Access research gap","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Lack of research into personal determinants and environmental conditions of (not) publishing Open Access;","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1459/c621","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/2acd4d3d9cef4e2d","nativeRecordCid":"d7e77945-a437-4dd6-ae36-1893e289a454","documentId":"osft-doc-1459","id":"c621","text":"Embargo periods to protect publisher revenues are lengthy, complex and confusing.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"embargo periods","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Lengthy, complex and confusing embargo periods to protect publisher revenues;","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1459/c622","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/4322cc24fa6d4feb","nativeRecordCid":"1baa51fd-eec1-49a8-a459-b50a98d213dd","documentId":"osft-doc-1459","id":"c622","text":"Embargo compliance reconciliation systems are time-consuming and expensive.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"embargo compliance systems","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Time-consuming and expensive embargo compliance reconciliation systems;","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1459/c623","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/38f8036a3f0e44b2","nativeRecordCid":"c5614154-22cb-44ed-9221-11febd3ca3f8","documentId":"osft-doc-1459","id":"c623","text":"There are conflicts between funder and publisher policies.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"funder-publisher policy conflicts","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Conflicts between funder and publisher policies;","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1459/c624","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/6201edfa15604203","nativeRecordCid":"ee81ebe4-6790-482b-a2c7-28664504b997","documentId":"osft-doc-1459","id":"c624","text":"Copyright continues to be transferred from researchers to publishers.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"copyright transfer","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Continued transferral of copyright from researchers to publishers;","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1459/c625","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/384a657d6b7546d9","nativeRecordCid":"62f7841e-e3be-4f3b-92ce-71c1f4f5fe25","documentId":"osft-doc-1459","id":"c625","text":"There is a lack of distributed article-processing charge funding.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"APC funding","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Lack of distributed article-processing charge funding;","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1459/c626","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/4f81ff342f624902","nativeRecordCid":"d835a171-5637-4824-b4b2-52d163abf7a3","documentId":"osft-doc-1459","id":"c626","text":"High and unsustainable APCs and BPCs are widely applied.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"APCs and BPCs","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Wide application of high and unsustainable APCs and BPCs, which are particularly discriminatory against specific demographics who might lack appropriate funds;","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1459/c627","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/c7cc18fbfee045c2","nativeRecordCid":"5397f81d-342d-4da7-96a6-7ace90e2fecf","documentId":"osft-doc-1459","id":"c627","text":"High and unsustainable APCs and BPCs are particularly discriminatory against specific demographics who might lack appropriate funds.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"APCs and BPCs discrimination","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Wide application of high and unsustainable APCs and BPCs, which are particularly discriminatory against specific demographics who might lack appropriate funds;","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1459/c628","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/a68c84ed6df4490c","nativeRecordCid":"b2a9c678-deff-4ce9-a8c9-6844e6bcc80b","documentId":"osft-doc-1459","id":"c628","text":"There is a lack of knowledge in negotiating the difficulties involved in Open Access adoption.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"knowledge gap in Open Access negotiation","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Lack of knowledge in negotiating these difficulties;","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1459/c629","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/2a151345a0864f59","nativeRecordCid":"5595c6cf-2d8c-47d8-a6c5-0ce1eba1977a","documentId":"osft-doc-1459","id":"c629","text":"There is a lack of awareness and acknowledgement that around 70% of journals indexed in the DOAJ do not charge article processing charges.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"awareness of DOAJ APC practices","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Lack of Awareness and acknowledgement of the fact that around 70% of journals indexed in the DOAJ do not charge article processing charges;","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1459/c630","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/769c49739e6b45a9","nativeRecordCid":"bba58407-3600-4ff0-9f1d-2edc85e7e1fb","documentId":"osft-doc-1459","id":"c630","text":"There is no widely-agreed-upon large-scale solution for issues regarding Open Access for books.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"OA for books","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"No widely-agreed upon large-scale solution for issues regarding OA for books;","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1459/c631","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/93fa9069f1664044","nativeRecordCid":"1ca56667-5fa9-46b5-9e5d-28cdb991425d","documentId":"osft-doc-1459","id":"c631","text":"There are continuing perceptions of a lack of prestige for many Open Access journals.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"perceptions of OA journal prestige","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Continuing perceptions of lack of prestige for many OA journals; and","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1459/c632","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/331bff93efa14a80","nativeRecordCid":"a4216255-373d-4682-9950-57a621af8255","documentId":"osft-doc-1459","id":"c632","text":"There is a lack of appropriate offsetting deals around OA deals and hybrid journals.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"offsetting deals for OA/hybrid journals","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"A lack of appropriate offsetting deals around OA deals and hybrid journals.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1459/c633","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/a6aece52ed824a74","nativeRecordCid":"b7928507-01db-4760-86c2-69c8bae46ab6","documentId":"osft-doc-1459","id":"c633","text":"A general lack of high-profile role models for Open Scholarship practices in all research disciplines strengthens cultural inertia through a lack of awareness.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"lack of role models","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"A general lack of high profile role models for practices in all research disciplines, strengthening cultural inertia through a lack of awareness.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1459/c634","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/601badc2230f4db2","nativeRecordCid":"b8d6dd28-f79e-4312-a79c-34d8c8631c18","documentId":"osft-doc-1459","id":"c634","text":"There is a lack of research into personal determinants and environmental conditions of data sharing, which is a barrier to data sharing.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"research into data-sharing determinants","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Lack of research into personal determinants and environmental conditions of (not) sharing data;","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1459/c635","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/dcffc9c80bde4459","nativeRecordCid":"e69bf60f-a41d-448d-a5e7-92378b3cbc6c","documentId":"osft-doc-1459","id":"c635","text":"There is a lack of skills and awareness of best practices, which is a barrier to data sharing.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"skills and awareness of best practices","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Lack of skills and awareness of best practices;","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1459/c636","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/769649bd8dcd4df8","nativeRecordCid":"ef4dbe4d-7ef5-4ed0-9867-dc4993d6ceb3","documentId":"osft-doc-1459","id":"c636","text":"There is a lack of agreement on how Research Data Management activities should be funded, which is a barrier to data sharing.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"funding agreement for RDM","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Lack of agreement on how Research Data Management (RDM) activities should be funded;","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1459/c637","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/bff026a8ef6e49d1","nativeRecordCid":"41221e8e-a4e2-4eb5-9e75-52a9a18e9a95","documentId":"osft-doc-1459","id":"c637","text":"Licensing issues and a lack of awareness surrounding them are a barrier to data sharing.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"licensing issues and awareness","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Licensing issues, and a lack of awareness surrounding them;","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1459/c638","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/6279f9c013ae4ec1","nativeRecordCid":"d431131f-7d88-464c-88d2-885a8a569b90","documentId":"osft-doc-1459","id":"c638","text":"There is a lack of infrastructure to support good Research Data Management throughout the research lifecycle, which is a barrier to data sharing.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"RDM infrastructure","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Lack of infrastructure to support good RDM throughout research lifecycle; and","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1459/c639","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/6862e2bb93594235","nativeRecordCid":"4cce1281-c7d4-47e3-b2e4-51f0a7d15662","documentId":"osft-doc-1459","id":"c639","text":"Neglecting to explicitly grant reuse rights in data causes that data to inherit poor reuse rights from the publications it is associated with.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"reuse rights in data","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Neglect to explicitly grant reuse rights in data, so they inherit poor reuse right from publications.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1459/c640","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/bdbd28f37eae4700","nativeRecordCid":"48e0f511-bf19-40af-a216-5cd5ce5bdaf9","documentId":"osft-doc-1459","id":"c640","text":"A lack of suitable incentives creates fear stemming from traditionally-embedded mentality and practices around data sharing.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"lack of incentives and fear","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"A lack of suitable incentives creating fear from traditionally-embedded mentality and practices; for instance that sharing data reduces the competitiveness of an individual","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1459/c641","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/a059c4152c52445b","nativeRecordCid":"4336f207-03ce-47da-8013-3f9027c2789f","documentId":"osft-doc-1459","id":"c641","text":"Incentives must change to motivate and facilitate cultural change.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"","subject":"incentives","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Incentives must change to motivate and facilitate cultural change.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1459/c642","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/a980ef2a3b084649","nativeRecordCid":"0eba66a1-a813-4ec8-8bee-b1c169588425","documentId":"osft-doc-1459","id":"c642","text":"Continued reliance on non-transparent, non-reproducible metrics information from commercial providers will continue to be detrimental to scholarship.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"reliance on commercial metrics providers","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Continued reliance on non-transparent, non-reproducible metrics information from commercial providers will continue to be detrimental to scholarship.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1459/c643","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/fe661607340c48f4","nativeRecordCid":"116b9b23-2c4a-47c6-8195-26c9bc785df4","documentId":"osft-doc-1459","id":"c643","text":"New metrics must be designed to create incentives that influence researcher behaviour, preferably based around openness.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"","subject":"new metrics","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"New metrics must be designed to create incentives to influence researcher behaviour, preferably based around openness.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1459/c644","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/44286544d443477c","nativeRecordCid":"d8c0c3c1-b7bc-4ae0-851d-48560fded3d7","documentId":"osft-doc-1459","id":"c644","text":"Elsevier and Holtzbrinck/Springer Nature (via Digital Science) seem to be developing services across the entire research workflow, from discovery through to funding.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"big commercial publishers' services","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Elsevier & Holtzbrinck/Springer Nature (via Digital Science) seem to be developing services for across the entire research workflow, from discovery through to funding.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1459/c645","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/cde244fbd7e249e8","nativeRecordCid":"16b74f48-2e28-4970-bb5e-321b89bfe4fd","documentId":"osft-doc-1459","id":"c645","text":"Big commercial publishers will bundle their research-workflow services for institutions via 'big deals', locking institutions into using non-transferable services in order to access services they consider vital.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"bundling of publisher services","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"These pose a definite threat in that they will start trying to bundle these services for institutions via “big deals” - so that institutions get locked into using non-transferable services for some things in order to have access to services they consider vital (i.e., same strategy used in bundling journals)","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1459/c646","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/9c5e6baae2f64a04","nativeRecordCid":"dbe3ab96-46d4-4a19-babb-0ebd131a8da0","documentId":"osft-doc-1459","id":"c646","text":"Bundling of research-workflow services by big commercial publishers would lead to new inefficiencies.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"bundling of publisher services","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"This would ultimately lead to new inefficiencies, vendor lock-in, and the same price bloat we see associated with ‘big deal’ licensing contracts.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1459/c647","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/a37180a0befe44b7","nativeRecordCid":"46c69ac6-dc45-4f30-b97b-459d15654089","documentId":"osft-doc-1459","id":"c647","text":"Bundling of research-workflow services by big commercial publishers would lead to vendor lock-in.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"bundling of publisher services","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"This would ultimately lead to new inefficiencies, vendor lock-in, and the same price bloat we see associated with ‘big deal’ licensing contracts.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1459/c648","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/fc63f3a11c9446de","nativeRecordCid":"006fa4a5-5c0a-403a-be33-8d075067cbbe","documentId":"osft-doc-1459","id":"c648","text":"Bundling of research-workflow services by big commercial publishers would lead to the same price bloat associated with 'big deal' licensing contracts.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"bundling of publisher services","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"This would ultimately lead to new inefficiencies, vendor lock-in, and the same price bloat we see associated with ‘big deal’ licensing contracts.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1459/c649","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/d809c28f1ab3447b","nativeRecordCid":"bd975bc3-1839-4b51-9258-b9f0d43f6bae","documentId":"osft-doc-1459","id":"c649","text":"There is an increasing colonisation of the preprint landscape by commercial interests.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"preprint landscape","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Regarding preprints, there is an increasing colonisation of the landscape by commercial interests (e.g., Elsevier acquisition of SSRN and scientific publication workflow solutions company Aries Systems ).","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1459/c650","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/c7ce6fb253d24b6e","nativeRecordCid":"209b42f3-ffc8-4f80-bc29-9be9baf67945","documentId":"osft-doc-1459","id":"c650","text":"Increasing colonisation of the preprint landscape by commercial interests leads to wider commercial control, irrespective of the final venue of publication.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"preprint landscape colonisation","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"This leads to wider commercial control, irrespective of the final venue of publication.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1459/c651","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/fb5f95db787046c5","nativeRecordCid":"8f9226d0-8da0-4f32-956b-aa39ec8c7560","documentId":"osft-doc-1459","id":"c651","text":"Researchers are generally resistant to change.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"researcher resistance to change","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Researchers are generally resistant to change, as is human nature, and often defined as a system of ‘cultural inertia’ within academia.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1459/c652","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/88dfab55ef9641e5","nativeRecordCid":"8be62cac-3588-4c77-bd60-d732e62d2ab8","documentId":"osft-doc-1459","id":"c652","text":"Researcher resistance to change within academia is often defined as a system of 'cultural inertia'.","kind":"definitional","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"cultural inertia","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Researchers are generally resistant to change, as is human nature, and often defined as a system of ‘cultural inertia’ within academia.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1459/c653","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/c11cf54574f94268","nativeRecordCid":"ed24fe80-7265-472a-9b2f-ebb9bbf0876b","documentId":"osft-doc-1459","id":"c653","text":"Giving researchers too much choice, as is common in Open Scholarship practices, could be off-putting.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"choice in Open Scholarship practices","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Giving them too much choice, as is common in Open Scholarship practices, could be off-putting, and lead to no change from traditional habits.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1459/c654","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/1f81ff32545847b9","nativeRecordCid":"6f8a828b-e282-4f03-8cca-e6da9f567e63","documentId":"osft-doc-1459","id":"c654","text":"Giving researchers too much choice, as is common in Open Scholarship practices, could lead to no change from traditional habits.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"choice in Open Scholarship practices","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Giving them too much choice, as is common in Open Scholarship practices, could be off-putting, and lead to no change from traditional habits.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1459/c655","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/8536933b48a84761","nativeRecordCid":"f0fd240a-293c-4650-9c42-c200f840d76a","documentId":"osft-doc-1459","id":"c655","text":"People tend to choose things that are most similar to what they already have, or things that are most similar to other choices they have.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"choice behaviour","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"People tend to choose things that are most similar to what they already have, or things that are most similar to other choices they have (e.g. see Dan Ariely’s TED talk on making decisions).","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1459/c656","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/5cbdc53f4b7e4020","nativeRecordCid":"c3978698-2e8d-46ae-aee9-8137631f6e94","documentId":"osft-doc-1459","id":"c656","text":"People should be able to continue doing what they are already doing, even if they participate in Open Scholarship.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"","subject":"participants in Open Scholarship","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"It is important to make sure that people can still do what they are already doing, even if they participate in Open Scholarship.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1459/c657","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/0734eb76ec3c4842","nativeRecordCid":"8d61c1b5-2fd7-4cd4-85c9-f7c07d185440","documentId":"osft-doc-1459","id":"c657","text":"Inclusivity is a crucial trait of the social movement that is Open Scholarship.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"Open Scholarship as a movement","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"we see inclusivity as a crucial trait of the social movement that is Open Scholarship.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1459/c658","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/96e2a1e93efd4b9c","nativeRecordCid":"06d98bc4-7e6a-4efd-b3c2-1dd191b01e91","documentId":"osft-doc-1459","id":"c658","text":"Engagement in practices of open science and scholarship happens along a spectrum of practices that each individual has to negotiate.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"engagement in open science practices","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"an engagement in practices of open science and scholarship can be considered as happening in a spectrum of practices that each of us has to negotiate.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1459/c659","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/89365018f7a64204","nativeRecordCid":"db108cbd-77f4-45fc-acaf-d9536858d34a","documentId":"osft-doc-1459","id":"c659","text":"Future communication efforts must focus on open practices as not being completely new, but simply more efficient and more rewarding versions of current practices.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"communication efforts","subject":"future communication efforts","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Therefore, future communication efforts must focus on open practices as not being completely new, but simply more efficient and more rewarding versions of current practices.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1459/c660","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/bddbdabc12304fae","nativeRecordCid":"5414663a-3ae7-4a70-8f3c-33041c3ef85a","documentId":"osft-doc-1459","id":"c660","text":"Openness has a long and proud history and tradition in science and education.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"openness in science and education","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Openness has a long and proud history and tradition in science and education","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1459/c661","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/cbfb6ac318c34233","nativeRecordCid":"c8d9a5e8-5e72-4dc3-a75e-1006009106ee","documentId":"osft-doc-1459","id":"c661","text":"The tradition of openness in science and education might be worth reconsidering in the current situation at the beginning of the 21st century.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"tradition of openness","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"a tradition that might be worth reconsidering at our current situation at the beginning of the 21st century","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1459/c662","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/3176e89704b24753","nativeRecordCid":"b0d7d870-ce9b-409e-80ce-d4756a3cd675","documentId":"osft-doc-1459","id":"c662","text":"There is a rapid, global evolution in tools, services and concepts in Open Scholarship.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"evolution in Open Scholarship","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"We are in the midst of a rapid, global evolution in tools, services and concepts in Open Scholarship; however, there has been little strategic co-ordination in the implementation of the various aspects of Open Scholarship.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1459/c663","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/7b16500404974767","nativeRecordCid":"5e17189b-7f20-4172-a8fc-7ebbb2eba493","documentId":"osft-doc-1459","id":"c663","text":"There has been little strategic co-ordination in the implementation of the various aspects of Open Scholarship.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"coordination of Open Scholarship implementation","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"We are in the midst of a rapid, global evolution in tools, services and concepts in Open Scholarship; however, there has been little strategic co-ordination in the implementation of the various aspects of Open Scholarship.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1459/c664","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/ba7d7301b7cd4122","nativeRecordCid":"496792f0-d416-4d2d-b1ec-00819da02a53","documentId":"osft-doc-1459","id":"c664","text":"The existing scholarly system has perverse incentives.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"existing scholarly system","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Simply channelling more time, effort, and funds into maintaining the existing system, with perverse incentives and skewed power dynamics, is clearly no longer sustainable for global research.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1459/c665","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/419fdbf002864cd3","nativeRecordCid":"bb4f9aa7-006d-4f46-8747-b6fcbebba484","documentId":"osft-doc-1459","id":"c665","text":"The existing scholarly system has skewed power dynamics.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"existing scholarly system","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Simply channelling more time, effort, and funds into maintaining the existing system, with perverse incentives and skewed power dynamics, is clearly no longer sustainable for global research.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1459/c666","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/9c9f3df9c7764998","nativeRecordCid":"1b3af1dc-bf1a-49ac-8091-5f66c6e37782","documentId":"osft-doc-1459","id":"c666","text":"Simply channelling more time, effort, and funds into maintaining the existing scholarly system is no longer sustainable for global research.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"maintaining the existing scholarly system","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Simply channelling more time, effort, and funds into maintaining the existing system, with perverse incentives and skewed power dynamics, is clearly no longer sustainable for global research.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1459/c667","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/8057e543a4f34565","nativeRecordCid":"d713a4c6-e10c-4014-95e5-e10d9c4c162a","documentId":"osft-doc-1459","id":"c667","text":"Academia needs to centre its scholarly practices on free access to research output.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"academia","subject":"scholarly practices","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"academia needs centre its scholarly practices on fundamental open principles, most importantly free access to, but also the possibility to freely participate in and re-use research output in all its forms.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1459/c668","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/e4677d35e2f64ec3","nativeRecordCid":"ad0fc491-d906-4139-929d-5125c11f3805","documentId":"osft-doc-1459","id":"c668","text":"Academia needs to centre its scholarly practices on the possibility to freely participate in research output.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"academia","subject":"scholarly practices","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"academia needs centre its scholarly practices on fundamental open principles, most importantly free access to, but also the possibility to freely participate in and re-use research output in all its forms.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1459/c669","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/2ca01aba7aab4350","nativeRecordCid":"34fa1ab4-0595-4ff9-9f4b-105fce58dda1","documentId":"osft-doc-1459","id":"c669","text":"Academia needs to centre its scholarly practices on the possibility to freely re-use research output in all its forms.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"academia","subject":"scholarly practices","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"academia needs centre its scholarly practices on fundamental open principles, most importantly free access to, but also the possibility to freely participate in and re-use research output in all its forms.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1507/c1","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/8978899bfae04ce5","nativeRecordCid":"1bf3881c-2ba0-435f-876f-df4a7e0077da","documentId":"osft-doc-1507","id":"c1","text":"Health research institutions should be able to publish or give access through algorithms to certified FAIR health data sets within the next 3-5 years.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"health research institutions","subject":"future availability of certified FAIR health data","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The report on FAIR4Health data certification roadmap for health research institutions in the\nEuropean Union envisions a time in the next 3-5 years (2022-2027) when health research\ninstitutions will be able to publish or give access through algorithms to certified FAIR health\ndata sets.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1507/c2","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/d160aac71eb7436c","nativeRecordCid":"1ce4eff4-03fa-4bf3-9d09-f3f82d6c09b9","documentId":"osft-doc-1507","id":"c2","text":"Health research institutions must develop a FAIR data policy of the institution following the relevant RDA guidelines.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"health research institutions","subject":"FAIR data policy of the institution","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"1) Develop a FAIR data policy of the institution and supporting internal organizational\nprocesses following the relevant RDA guidelines","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1507/c3","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/302f51faca174f89","nativeRecordCid":"a69eb7a5-bcbd-4ecd-bb6e-f31dee16c408","documentId":"osft-doc-1507","id":"c3","text":"Health research institutions must develop supporting internal organizational processes following the relevant RDA guidelines.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"health research institutions","subject":"internal organizational processes","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"1) Develop a FAIR data policy of the institution and supporting internal organizational\nprocesses following the relevant RDA guidelines","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1507/c4","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/e7a389d5eadc4daf","nativeRecordCid":"876bdec2-ffe1-4b29-a933-5c30bd460aa6","documentId":"osft-doc-1507","id":"c4","text":"Health research institutions must establish an infrastructure similar to the FAIR4Health solution for the FAIRification of data sets.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"health research institutions","subject":"infrastructure for FAIRification of data sets","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"2) Establish an infrastructure similar to the FAIR4Health solution for the FAIRification\nof data sets and the publication of relevant FA IR metadata  adhering to quality\nmetrics","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1507/c5","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/25d8e359a9c64403","nativeRecordCid":"595be8b2-86e5-4820-906d-0de98ef0b531","documentId":"osft-doc-1507","id":"c5","text":"Health research institutions must establish an infrastructure similar to the FAIR4Health solution for the publication of relevant FAIR metadata adhering to quality metrics.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"health research institutions","subject":"infrastructure for publication of FAIR metadata","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"2) Establish an infrastructure similar to the FAIR4Health solution for the FAIRification\nof data sets and the publication of relevant FA IR metadata  adhering to quality\nmetrics","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1507/c6","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/c9472dc66f7c4f89","nativeRecordCid":"b7b075eb-5063-4abc-8934-549a4c82b5df","documentId":"osft-doc-1507","id":"c6","text":"Health research institutions must adopt the HL7 FHIR 'FAIR for FHIR' Implementation Guide once available to enhance interoperability and reusability of data.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"health research institutions","subject":"HL7 FHIR 'FAIR for FHIR' Implementation Guide","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"3) Adopt the HL7 FHIR ‘ FAIR for FHIR’ Implementation Guide (IG) once available to\nenhance interoperability and reusability of data","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1507/c7","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/6341bbc1d3524215","nativeRecordCid":"9dff7ce2-8513-43fa-ba72-489c04bb3426","documentId":"osft-doc-1507","id":"c7","text":"Health research institutions must register with the European Open Science Cloud.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"health research institutions","subject":"registration with European Open Science Cloud","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"4) Register with European Open Science Cloud and cooperate with other FAIR\ninitiatives","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1507/c8","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/7b14f3686575481b","nativeRecordCid":"d2ef24bb-da37-4938-a8c7-a2b404e67b5f","documentId":"osft-doc-1507","id":"c8","text":"Health research institutions must cooperate with other FAIR initiatives.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"health research institutions","subject":"cooperation with other FAIR initiatives","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"4) Register with European Open Science Cloud and cooperate with other FAIR\ninitiatives","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1507/c9","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/e83bf393433245e2","nativeRecordCid":"da3a51a4-4071-45c9-9604-16669c6fa4cf","documentId":"osft-doc-1507","id":"c9","text":"Health research institutions must train administrative and research personnel on how to deliver and use FAIR data sets.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"health research institutions","subject":"training of personnel on FAIR data","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"5) Train the administrative and research personnel on how to deliver and use FAIR\ndata sets","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1507/c10","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/d0ecf39040244623","nativeRecordCid":"321ee750-3481-476c-ba91-4f0fa2e39cf1","documentId":"osft-doc-1507","id":"c10","text":"Health research institutions must certify the processes adopted according to the ISO 9000 family of quality standards.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"health research institutions","subject":"certification of processes adopted","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"6) Certify the processes adopted according to the ISO  9000 family of quality\nstandards.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1507/c11","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/b44195091136426d","nativeRecordCid":"d10b5ba8-9189-4733-ae6d-320e0bfee947","documentId":"osft-doc-1507","id":"c11","text":"The FAIR principles have been established as best practice in the refinement of health datasets for open science, research, and innovation.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"FAIR principles","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The FAIR (Findable, Accessible, Interoperable, Reusable) principles have been established\nas best practice in the refinement of health datasets for open science, research, and\ninnovation.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1507/c12","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/a7d9f16d33544ebc","nativeRecordCid":"cb3ea68c-4c31-4fd9-b046-a46bce606b2b","documentId":"osft-doc-1507","id":"c12","text":"The introduction of the FAIR principles by Wilkinson et al. is considered the tipping point for open health science.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"introduction of the FAIR principles","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Indeed, the introduction of the FAIR principles by Wilkinson et al.  [1] is\nconsidered as the tipping point for ope n health science.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1507/c13","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/f2ef1f8d299a4b01","nativeRecordCid":"c722c6c7-c3a4-48f1-84e5-d8934a8a1c68","documentId":"osft-doc-1507","id":"c13","text":"The FAIR principles are in many ways general and abstract.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"FAIR principles","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"However, the FAIR principles are\nin many ways general and abstract making implementation, let alone development of\ncertification criteria a challenging task.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1507/c14","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/bf07b71844fb4df2","nativeRecordCid":"474d94f7-1378-46dd-beb7-b49397fec056","documentId":"osft-doc-1507","id":"c14","text":"The general and abstract nature of the FAIR principles makes implementation of the FAIR principles a challenging task.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"FAIR principles","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"However, the FAIR principles are\nin many ways general and abstract making implementation, let alone development of\ncertification criteria a challenging task.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1507/c15","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/557f22de0b9e412f","nativeRecordCid":"7bf81487-78a1-434c-90bc-59f8e7bef44e","documentId":"osft-doc-1507","id":"c15","text":"The general and abstract nature of the FAIR principles makes development of certification criteria a challenging task.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"FAIR principles","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"However, the FAIR principles are\nin many ways general and abstract making implementation, let alone development of\ncertification criteria a challenging task.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1507/c16","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/f5ed25d25fcf4554","nativeRecordCid":"e00fdfa5-a12e-4a25-82cf-d230c9aa2494","documentId":"osft-doc-1507","id":"c16","text":"There are limited tools to help accelerate the FAIRification process.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"tools to accelerate FAIRification","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Moreover, there are limited tools to help accelerate\nthe FAIRification process.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1507/c17","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/be7c2ad3ea2c4d98","nativeRecordCid":"c7661a6c-2b2f-4767-90cd-10e8cdcb4a6b","documentId":"osft-doc-1507","id":"c17","text":"The Research Data Alliance is a global research community organization.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"Research Data Alliance (RDA)","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The Research Data Alliance (RDA, www.rda-alliance.org)  is a global research community\norganization established in 2013 by the European Commission, the American National\nScience Foundation and National Institute of Standards and Technology, and the Australian\nDepartment of Innovation.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1507/c18","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/392c4d6c73644d7b","nativeRecordCid":"d0b96850-474e-466e-a3ed-afb43ec6f99b","documentId":"osft-doc-1507","id":"c18","text":"The goal of the RDA is to build the social and technical infrastructure to enable open sharing and re-use of data.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"goal of the RDA","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The goal of the RDA is to build the social and technical\ninfrastructure to enable open sharing and re -use of data.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1507/c19","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/11cbd2d5816c470f","nativeRecordCid":"8ee5d054-3390-4bc9-b222-1bbe25d60947","documentId":"osft-doc-1507","id":"c19","text":"FAIRness can be implemented using the HL7 FHIR standard.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"FAIRness and the HL7 FHIR standard","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"These efforts\nillustrate how FAIRness can be implemented, assessed, and potentially improved using the\nHL7 FHIR standard.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1507/c20","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/d4011cdda725477a","nativeRecordCid":"fa87008f-2df6-4de2-871e-477a1aed0f10","documentId":"osft-doc-1507","id":"c20","text":"FAIRness can be assessed using the HL7 FHIR standard.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"FAIRness and the HL7 FHIR standard","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"These efforts\nillustrate how FAIRness can be implemented, assessed, and potentially improved using the\nHL7 FHIR standard.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1507/c21","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/bed2a9832a4a46ed","nativeRecordCid":"54729277-7704-45c2-a110-8c1bc339343b","documentId":"osft-doc-1507","id":"c21","text":"FAIRness can potentially be improved using the HL7 FHIR standard.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"FAIRness and the HL7 FHIR standard","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"These efforts\nillustrate how FAIRness can be implemented, assessed, and potentially improved using the\nHL7 FHIR standard.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1507/c22","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/ca52b744ec7e4984","nativeRecordCid":"05579415-34a6-4088-b34c-284e00ddf847","documentId":"osft-doc-1507","id":"c22","text":"Certification procedures for FAIR health data sets are essential for health researchers that use them.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"","subject":"certification procedures for FAIR health data","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Certification procedures and more importantly criteria for FAIR health data sets are\nessential for health researchers that use them.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1507/c23","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/af0435e795754f36","nativeRecordCid":"34456668-f0f1-4c75-85c8-66f6b910751a","documentId":"osft-doc-1507","id":"c23","text":"Criteria for FAIR health data sets are essential for health researchers that use them.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"","subject":"criteria for FAIR health data","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Certification procedures and more importantly criteria for FAIR health data sets are\nessential for health researchers that use them.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1507/c24","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/5a67343360d14c72","nativeRecordCid":"50e3fef9-1ded-43c0-806e-7b1d17d86290","documentId":"osft-doc-1507","id":"c24","text":"Certification frequently comes to be synonymous with trust.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"certification and trust","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Frequently certification comes to be\nsynonymous to trust.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1507/c25","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/2ebe34afc3a646d5","nativeRecordCid":"2a7334aa-9a14-40be-9229-536f56970380","documentId":"osft-doc-1507","id":"c25","text":"Acquiring a certificate is generally not a small expense.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"cost of acquiring a certificate","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Thus, a cquiring a certificate is generally not a small expense.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1507/c26","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/1c3bc46d15064176","nativeRecordCid":"6cb6fdbb-061b-45ae-9d94-7d97f7c4a5b5","documentId":"osft-doc-1507","id":"c26","text":"Certification procedures can increase the quality of research data.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"certification procedures","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"● Increasing the quality of research data","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1507/c27","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/8381318c72924f3f","nativeRecordCid":"72fd291c-33d4-4b9d-9357-c618451da2ad","documentId":"osft-doc-1507","id":"c27","text":"Certification procedures can increase the attractiveness of data for subsequent use by third parties.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"certification procedures","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"● Increasing the attractiveness for subsequent use by third parties","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1507/c28","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/aa66249001d64672","nativeRecordCid":"46700385-f00e-4c78-a71e-d3a664a3b5af","documentId":"osft-doc-1507","id":"c28","text":"Certification procedures can increase the visibility of one's own work through certificates or badges.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"certification procedures","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"● Increasing the visibility and showing the legitimacy of one's own work through\ncertificates or badges","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1507/c29","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/54cc764885ff40b4","nativeRecordCid":"0501a5c8-89e9-4efe-b23e-249f6b6eafc4","documentId":"osft-doc-1507","id":"c29","text":"Certification procedures can show the legitimacy of one's own work through certificates or badges.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"certification procedures","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"● Increasing the visibility and showing the legitimacy of one's own work through\ncertificates or badges","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1507/c30","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/9a1aa398640b430f","nativeRecordCid":"bb9e7682-6c9d-49e4-adfe-b0480bfb8ce0","documentId":"osft-doc-1507","id":"c30","text":"Certification procedures can fulfil requirements imposed by funders or scientific journals.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"certification procedures","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"● Fulfilment of requirements imposed by funders or scientific journals","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1507/c31","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/46b5784cbea64d0c","nativeRecordCid":"5654e195-a2d3-4748-bdef-1890e0568e99","documentId":"osft-doc-1507","id":"c31","text":"Certification procedures can improve internal workflows.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"certification procedures","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"● Improvement of internal workflows and increase o f acceptance for the additional\nworkload caused by FAIR among the staff members.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1507/c32","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/5b89baeda2644da4","nativeRecordCid":"551a8e39-04bd-4484-9d73-36d76dcdd606","documentId":"osft-doc-1507","id":"c32","text":"Certification procedures can increase acceptance of the additional workload caused by FAIR among staff members.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"certification procedures","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"● Improvement of internal workflows and increase o f acceptance for the additional\nworkload caused by FAIR among the staff members.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1507/c33","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/2eb5a7aaa0c34975","nativeRecordCid":"48da9995-75d0-425c-8b13-da582b49b602","documentId":"osft-doc-1507","id":"c33","text":"Certification procedures allow use of the auditor's expertise in the case of formal certifications.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"certification procedures","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"● Use of the auditor's expertise in the case of formal certifications","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1507/c34","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/4fb2f6088cd14d0d","nativeRecordCid":"60cd137e-f157-44c2-864f-de8cbe224f53","documentId":"osft-doc-1507","id":"c34","text":"Establishing certification processes streamlines the participation of the organization in the digital economy.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"establishing certification processes","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Most importantly , establishing such processes streamlines the participation of the\norganization in the digital economy.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1507/c35","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/ccc53ac93b0b411d","nativeRecordCid":"5568038a-4176-44a4-81e9-692caf38342c","documentId":"osft-doc-1507","id":"c35","text":"Certifications in the field of FAIR data are currently not widespread.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"certifications in the field of FAIR data","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Despite the advantages outlined above, certifications\nin the field of F AIR data are currently not widespread.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1507/c36","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/4895f1ab54e84b81","nativeRecordCid":"5920bed8-c1f4-408c-a7b9-9ed0dbdb5754","documentId":"osft-doc-1507","id":"c36","text":"Lack of clarity about which certifications exist, how they differ, and how to find the appropriate certification may be a reason certifications in the field of FAIR data are not widespread.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"reasons certifications are not widespread","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"● Lack of clarity about which certifications exi st, how the certifications differ, and\nhow to find the appropriate certification","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1507/c37","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/22501e716e0741b3","nativeRecordCid":"3342cdc5-a65f-45ad-b7f6-892cd2d14803","documentId":"osft-doc-1507","id":"c37","text":"Uncertainty about the added value of a certification may be a reason certifications in the field of FAIR data are not widespread.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"reasons certifications are not widespread","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"● Uncertainty about the added value of a certification","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1507/c38","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/2cbea9d741ad4a17","nativeRecordCid":"9994c415-a8ad-4218-91b4-340855987f4d","documentId":"osft-doc-1507","id":"c38","text":"Lack of clarity about the personnel and other financial costs required may be a reason certifications in the field of FAIR data are not widespread.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"reasons certifications are not widespread","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"● Lack of clarity about the personnel and other financial costs required","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1507/c39","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/1ff5e98746e64941","nativeRecordCid":"d2b0578c-2281-4ed3-8773-df04cbdf5b2f","documentId":"osft-doc-1507","id":"c39","text":"Difficulty in quantifying the added value and communicating the value to management or third parties may be a reason certifications in the field of FAIR data are not widespread.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"reasons certifications are not widespread","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"● Difficulty in quantifying the added value and commu nicating the value to\nmanagement or third parties","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1507/c40","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/50a4f295375445d3","nativeRecordCid":"b798f158-15f9-463c-974b-2d902e740044","documentId":"osft-doc-1507","id":"c40","text":"Uncertainty about the success of the certification process in principle may be a reason certifications in the field of FAIR data are not widespread.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"reasons certifications are not widespread","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"● Uncertainty about the success of the certification process in principle","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1507/c41","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/a9fa79aaa77440f3","nativeRecordCid":"44a60046-2fb9-4a4f-8e3a-680a2cb4bec3","documentId":"osft-doc-1507","id":"c41","text":"Giving access to sensitive internal data and IP by third parties may be a reason certifications in the field of FAIR data are not widespread.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"reasons certifications are not widespread","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"● Giving access to sensitive internal data and IP by third parties","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1507/c42","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/eab9fe56a5a24e80","nativeRecordCid":"0aef42e1-94bf-46d9-a099-d3e6deb07ca8","documentId":"osft-doc-1507","id":"c42","text":"Existing local certifications that already cover certain parts of the envisaged certification may be a reason certifications in the field of FAIR data are not widespread.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"reasons certifications are not widespread","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"● Existing local certifications that already cover certain parts of the  envisaged\ncertification.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1507/c43","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/d9aed741f69a44f5","nativeRecordCid":"6788c67c-c4d6-4d87-b3c0-52f7f632ffb8","documentId":"osft-doc-1507","id":"c43","text":"A number of approaches in the domain of research data archiving and sharing do not always explicitly cover the term FAIR but do so intentionally.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"approaches in research data archiving and sharing","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"A number of approaches exist in the domain of research data\narchiving and sharing that do not always cover explicitly the term FAIR but do so\nintentionally.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1507/c44","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/ee385adceb0c48bf","nativeRecordCid":"cf108fc0-e1e0-404c-9d4f-37c728e64675","documentId":"osft-doc-1507","id":"c44","text":"These approaches already existed before the coining of the term FAIR.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"approaches predating the term FAIR","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The reason for this is that they already existed be fore the coining of the\nterm FAIR.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1507/c45","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/bc413681db1e4d51","nativeRecordCid":"aa2f3ce7-fe33-4ae2-bf6e-be57693a5ddf","documentId":"osft-doc-1507","id":"c45","text":"The FAIR data principles are intentionally rather abstract to be broadly applicable.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"FAIR data principles","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The FAIR data principles are intentionally rather abstract to be broadly\napplicable.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1507/c46","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/cbcb962ca6844acc","nativeRecordCid":"e51ea5ba-b369-427f-8fa1-3a9f37283b9d","documentId":"osft-doc-1507","id":"c46","text":"The FAIR data principles apply to (meta-)data in the sense of directly accessible datasets, such as databases, static snapshots, and data collections from different parts and in different formats.","kind":"definitional","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"FAIR data principles","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"○ (meta-)data in the sense of directly accessible datasets : databases, static\nsnapshots, data collections from different parts and in different formats","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1507/c47","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/0409adc752774e37","nativeRecordCid":"d9ab88f2-e1f8-48dd-bffb-52c3d39cc10d","documentId":"osft-doc-1507","id":"c47","text":"The FAIR data principles apply to (meta-)data in the sense of indirectly accessible data from repositories or via application programming interfaces, where the target resources are software systems or infrastructures.","kind":"definitional","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"FAIR data principles","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"○ (Meta-)data in the sense of indirectly accessible data from repositories or via\napplication programming interfaces, where the target resources are software\nsystems or infrastructures","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1507/c48","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/df3dee506e8e40b8","nativeRecordCid":"5136661d-691a-4849-9c6c-c83e46511b26","documentId":"osft-doc-1507","id":"c48","text":"The FAIR data principles apply to (meta-)data in the sense of data models, schemas, and standards, focusing on the suitability of the existing modelling constructs of the standard to achieve FAIRness rather than on specific instance data.","kind":"definitional","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"FAIR data principles","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"○ (Meta-)data in the sense of data models, schemas, standards, where the focus\nis not on specific instance data, but on the suitability of the e xisting modelling\nconstructs of the standard to achieve FAIRness","representedInStars":true}
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{"key":"osft-doc-1507/c53","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/17bcca85de50426c","nativeRecordCid":"306184ea-852b-4671-9084-8ea77e441247","documentId":"osft-doc-1507","id":"c53","text":"CoreTrustSeal covers similar aspects—PIDs, data discovery, access, licenses, provenance and reuse—from all four axes of FAIR.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"CoreTrustSeal's FAIR coverage","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"CoreTrustSeal covering a lot of similar aspects (PIDs, data discovery, acces s,\nlicenses, provenance, reuse) from all of the 4 axes of FAIR.","representedInStars":true}
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{"key":"osft-doc-1507/c61","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/dcd518d0f1324d6e","nativeRecordCid":"ebdd61f5-d2de-480b-892e-6118a4166eee","documentId":"osft-doc-1507","id":"c61","text":"Nestor includes legal concerns such as legal regulations and contractual coverage.","kind":"definitional","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"Nestor's legal concerns","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Nestor also includes organizational concerns (human resources, qualification,\nprocesses, responsibilities), legal concerns (legal regulations, contractual coverage)\nand financial concerns (ensuring sustainability)","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1507/c62","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/64b16a0e233741d0","nativeRecordCid":"babb0c48-0469-4a5f-9652-9d42025c48e1","documentId":"osft-doc-1507","id":"c62","text":"Nestor includes financial concerns such as ensuring sustainability.","kind":"definitional","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"Nestor's financial concerns","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Nestor also includes organizational concerns (human resources, qualification,\nprocesses, responsibilities), legal concerns (legal regulations, contractual coverage)\nand financial concerns (ensuring sustainability)","representedInStars":true}
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{"key":"osft-doc-1507/c64","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/76c0cac0fcdf47fc","nativeRecordCid":"8e3e4148-1106-4914-b351-60f72e4b34df","documentId":"osft-doc-1507","id":"c64","text":"Nestor certification is an extended certification (level 2) standard for trusted digital repositories.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"Nestor certification level","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Focus: Extended certification7 (level 2) standard for trusted digital repositories","representedInStars":true}
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{"key":"osft-doc-1507/c67","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/944bdb5472574dbb","nativeRecordCid":"5285d625-5dd8-4241-91a2-65901820e004","documentId":"osft-doc-1507","id":"c67","text":"Repositories seeking nestor certification must achieve 10 points for the core criteria C1–C12.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"repositories seeking nestor certification","subject":"nestor core criteria scoring","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"10 points are expected for the core criteria C1 – C12","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1507/c68","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/5a422414bb8e44e6","nativeRecordCid":"91ef19f9-455c-47ca-b156-85f1adb8cbf7","documentId":"osft-doc-1507","id":"c68","text":"Repositories seeking nestor certification must achieve an average of 7 points in the assessment of the applicable criteria C13–C34.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"repositories seeking nestor certification","subject":"nestor extended criteria scoring","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"An average of 7 points must be achieved in the assessment of the applicable\ncriteria C13 - C34","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1507/c69","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/531a6e85c0014e6c","nativeRecordCid":"9b04ec1e-2c35-4a3f-a77f-ec4272fb2d70","documentId":"osft-doc-1507","id":"c69","text":"ISO 16363 is based upon the Trusted Digital Repositories and Audit Checklist (TRAC) standard.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"ISO 16363's basis","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"ISO 16363 (originally CCSDS 652-R-117) is based upon the Trusted Digital Repositories\nand Audit Checklist (TRAC)18 standard","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1507/c70","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/b5546bd2bb484c1e","nativeRecordCid":"d127c358-7969-48e9-a6df-4b9bf7d0b417","documentId":"osft-doc-1507","id":"c70","text":"ISO 16919 relies heavily on ISO/IEC 17021, a standard for auditing and certification of general types of management systems.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"ISO 16919's basis","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Which itself  relies heavily on ISO/IEC 17021 , a standard for auditing and\ncertification of general types of management systems","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1507/c71","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/6c80c9b3e3ac4ed8","nativeRecordCid":"58cc360d-8445-4fb4-a5ae-0e3d3bd10c19","documentId":"osft-doc-1507","id":"c71","text":"ISO 16363 comprises the main part of organizational infrastructure.","kind":"definitional","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"ISO 16363's main parts","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"3 main parts\n○ Organizational infrastructure\n○ Handling of digital objects\n○ Infrastructure and risk management","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1507/c72","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/edebad5599a646f7","nativeRecordCid":"85b12f69-f19a-481f-8461-f7103a96ca2a","documentId":"osft-doc-1507","id":"c72","text":"ISO 16363 comprises the main part of handling of digital objects.","kind":"definitional","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"ISO 16363's main parts","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"3 main parts\n○ Organizational infrastructure\n○ Handling of digital objects\n○ Infrastructure and risk management","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1507/c73","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/ec37e62ed264404d","nativeRecordCid":"8a1f3c32-eddc-443c-a07f-2ba553b16e1a","documentId":"osft-doc-1507","id":"c73","text":"ISO 16363 comprises the main part of infrastructure and risk management.","kind":"definitional","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"ISO 16363's main parts","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"3 main parts\n○ Organizational infrastructure\n○ Handling of digital objects\n○ Infrastructure and risk management","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1507/c74","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/82dabfe8b19b422f","nativeRecordCid":"a93893e8-7d32-428b-977e-099d201c75d7","documentId":"osft-doc-1507","id":"c74","text":"ISO 16363's commitment to FAIR aspects is comparable to nestor's, because ISO 16363 does not add specific constraints on digital assets.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"ISO 16363's FAIR commitment","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The commitment to the FAIR aspects is comparable to nestor, because ISO 16363\ndoesn’t add specific constraints on digital assets","representedInStars":true}
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{"key":"osft-doc-1507/c76","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/f523988bde624df6","nativeRecordCid":"17a6a5e6-5ce6-4a03-bec5-58fc0e27afc1","documentId":"osft-doc-1507","id":"c76","text":"ISO 16363 certification is meant to be an addition to CoreTrustSeal and/or nestor-like certifications, not the one to start with.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"ISO 16363 certification's relation to other standards","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Meant to be an addition to CoreTrustSeal and/or nestor-like certifications, not\nthe one to start with","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1507/c77","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/a03ce78d4c2e4984","nativeRecordCid":"c2916c81-aaaa-406a-a510-e03960c4d108","documentId":"osft-doc-1507","id":"c77","text":"ISO 16363 certification may only be conducted by organizations or persons certified according to ISO 16919.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"organizations or persons performing ISO 16363 certification","subject":"ISO 16363 certification body requirement","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Certification only all owed by organizations/persons certified according to ISO\n16919 (Requirements for Bodies Providing Audit and Certification of Candidate Trustworthy\nDigital Repositories)","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1507/c78","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/8f4d961196434fc5","nativeRecordCid":"1fd0b2fc-e14d-4a5d-acdd-965f2ad75dda","documentId":"osft-doc-1507","id":"c78","text":"RatSWD is an independent advisory board of the German Federal Government.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"RatSWD's institutional status","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"RatSWD: The “Rat für Sozial - und Wirtschaftsdaten” (literally: Council for Social and\nEconomic Data) is an independent advisory board of the German Federal Government","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1507/c79","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/341fad93d27d4d76","nativeRecordCid":"7c66ce8a-46d0-41e7-8e2a-f833c5b8e35e","documentId":"osft-doc-1507","id":"c79","text":"RatSWD's main tasks include the strategic development of the research data infrastructure.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"RatSWD's main tasks","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Main tasks are strategic development of the research data infrastructure and\nrepresenting the interests of data producers and data users","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1507/c80","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/88bf25651e614892","nativeRecordCid":"6a40ef5a-cbfa-452d-bf13-131b4a4ccef7","documentId":"osft-doc-1507","id":"c80","text":"RatSWD's main tasks include representing the interests of data producers and data users.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"RatSWD's main tasks","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Main tasks are strategic development of the research data infrastructure and\nrepresenting the interests of data producers and data users","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1507/c81","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/de6aef6aacaa408a","nativeRecordCid":"af6c5273-cbdc-48d2-b3b7-4f667a7ff008","documentId":"osft-doc-1507","id":"c81","text":"RatSWD accreditation is the most popular certification in Germany.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"RatSWD accreditation popularity","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"RatSWD accreditation is the most popular certification in Germany","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1507/c82","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/b663c2f1f9db428c","nativeRecordCid":"bb3083ba-4b8c-41d1-8088-6f5b2db23fe1","documentId":"osft-doc-1507","id":"c82","text":"Data sharing and reuse are the primary drivers for the existence of RatSWD accreditation.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"drivers of RatSWD accreditation","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The main overlap is that data sharing and reuse are the primary drivers for the existing\nof the accreditation","representedInStars":true}
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{"key":"osft-doc-1507/c119","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/b97fb409489d436c","nativeRecordCid":"980ce353-5937-499d-aebe-01b473660e03","documentId":"osft-doc-1507","id":"c119","text":"The GO FAIR Foundation certification schema includes a Certification stage in which professional certification organizations can adopt the schema to build and execute compliance tests and grant certifications.","kind":"definitional","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"GO FAIR certification schema stages","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Certification: Professional certification organizations can then adopt the GO FAIR\nFoundation schema to build and execute compliance tests (automated where\npossible) and grant certifications [as FAIR, machine-actionable resources].","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1507/c120","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/668fd0b8a8d844b8","nativeRecordCid":"654221c3-9af4-4801-b8dc-095169bf3c99","documentId":"osft-doc-1507","id":"c120","text":"The GO FAIR Foundation certification schema includes a Schema Maintenance stage involving regular, iterative review and update of the schema to track technological advances.","kind":"definitional","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"GO FAIR certification schema stages","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Schema Maintenance: Regular, iterative review and update of the schema track\ntechnological advances","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1507/c121","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/11c6ded03ca14ab8","nativeRecordCid":"3831d07c-2b24-4bb3-96f9-7d9112687657","documentId":"osft-doc-1507","id":"c121","text":"ECRIN supports multinational clinical trials by overcoming language barriers, finding local experts, and assisting during administrative and regulatory processes.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"ECRIN's support function","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Main idea: Support for multinational clinical trials\n○ Overcoming language barriers, finding local experts, assisting during\nadministrative and regulatory processes","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1507/c122","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/fb3d33fe4c824730","nativeRecordCid":"20ecd4e4-d928-4b78-ad52-158c7d726b8b","documentId":"osft-doc-1507","id":"c122","text":"ECRIN targets clinical trial centers rather than arbitrary research repositories.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"ECRIN's target scope","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"ECRIN has a special role within the initiative mentioned here: it doesn’t aims at arbitrary\nresearch repositories but at clinical trials centers","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1507/c123","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/e0876338fe374813","nativeRecordCid":"b02ab080-e03a-4e9e-956f-ad7fb7f79066","documentId":"osft-doc-1507","id":"c123","text":"Clinical trial centers are specialized organizations that not only maintain data but also participate in the data collection process.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"clinical trial centers' role","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"that means specialized organizations\nnot only maintaining data, but also being part of the data collection process","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1507/c124","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/f123dd9157574090","nativeRecordCid":"1fe4915c-b111-4891-8e65-c7b57dd073d0","documentId":"osft-doc-1507","id":"c124","text":"ECRIN's relation to FAIR is weak because no technical formats or standards are described or assumed.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"ECRIN's relation to FAIR","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"To relation to FAIR is weak in the sense that no technical formats or standards are\ndescribed or assumed here","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1507/c125","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/60f934674f8340ae","nativeRecordCid":"8fb3ff3f-9c6b-4eca-a870-fb0167e2a4f9","documentId":"osft-doc-1507","id":"c125","text":"ECRIN assumes organizational processes and quality assurance procedures for clinical research data that also apply to other types of health data.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"ECRIN's assumed processes","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"on the other hand, organizational processes and quality assurance procedures for\nclinical research data are assumed here that also apply to other types of health data","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1507/c126","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/a5025b2ea7dd491f","nativeRecordCid":"ed10baa2-3209-45b8-a834-aa853bfc536b","documentId":"osft-doc-1507","id":"c126","text":"The ECRIN Datacenter Certification Program enables non-commercial clinical trial sites to have their processes for creating and maintaining GCP-compliant trial databases monitored and evaluated.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"ECRIN Datacenter Certification Program's function","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The ECRIN Datacenter Certification Program enables non-commercial clinical trial sites\nto have their processes for creating and maintaining GCP -compliant trial databases\nmonitored and evaluated","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1507/c127","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/a080f9f1366b4e65","nativeRecordCid":"4f8a1202-347d-462d-be37-3c9fcaf1ec8d","documentId":"osft-doc-1507","id":"c127","text":"Research data repositories listed in re3data must be run by a legal entity.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"research data repositories listed in re3data","subject":"re3data repository requirements","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Must be run by a legal entity","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1507/c128","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/e8613b48ae914412","nativeRecordCid":"645b9731-cbb1-42c9-8bf1-c2093d4b2752","documentId":"osft-doc-1507","id":"c128","text":"Research data repositories listed in re3data must focus on research data.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"research data repositories listed in re3data","subject":"re3data repository requirements","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Must focus on research data","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1507/c129","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/5fdc25e38389433b","nativeRecordCid":"04d43cb9-1b79-4d38-b338-4625021153fe","documentId":"osft-doc-1507","id":"c129","text":"re3data.org is an internationally recognized meta-repository for research data repositories.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"re3data's status","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"re3data.org (Registry of Research Data Repositories ) is an internationally recognized\nmeta-repository for research data repositories","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1507/c130","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/b394aa8ba30944ce","nativeRecordCid":"7697bbd8-c580-4a76-9ec7-fe0ef8133592","documentId":"osft-doc-1507","id":"c130","text":"The main goal of the re3data COREF project is to further professionalize re3data.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"re3data COREF project's goal","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"main goal of the adjacent re3data COREF (Community Driven Open Reference for\nResearch Data Repositories) project is to further professionalize re3data and to provide\nreliable and customizable descriptions of research data repositories","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1507/c131","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/6a8507fad01e43e4","nativeRecordCid":"f6f0aa80-e93f-4162-836c-c154f44b69d0","documentId":"osft-doc-1507","id":"c131","text":"The main goal of the re3data COREF project is to provide reliable and customizable descriptions of research data repositories.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"re3data COREF project's goal","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"main goal of the adjacent re3data COREF (Community Driven Open Reference for\nResearch Data Repositories) project is to further professionalize re3data and to provide\nreliable and customizable descriptions of research data repositories","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1507/c132","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/700a2ca85c0a4577","nativeRecordCid":"59dda54d-96ff-47e4-91d2-45932b4f6685","documentId":"osft-doc-1507","id":"c132","text":"re3data is used by researchers and services worldwide for finding datasets.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"re3data's usage","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Used by researchers and services worldwide for finding datasets","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1507/c133","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/7e2a9f0402b94707","nativeRecordCid":"d1b65eb5-cb93-49f7-95fe-e4cfeb84ad7c","documentId":"osft-doc-1507","id":"c133","text":"re3data's relation to FAIR data certification, though not explicit, shows extremely close proximity in content, underlined by its use of machine-readable, community-consented vocabularies and a REST API.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"re3data's relation to FAIR","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Although FAIR is not explicitly mentioned, there is an extremely close proximity in\nterms of content, which is underlined not least by the use of machine -readable,\ncommunity-consented vocabularies and a REST API","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1507/c134","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/225c2c4c28b94eb4","nativeRecordCid":"1ce43259-d36f-43e9-b9eb-955380a6eedb","documentId":"osft-doc-1507","id":"c134","text":"re3data provides no certificate but a number of badges that characterize important features and add a citeable identifier (DOI).","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"re3data's certification output","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Provides no certificate, but a number of badges that characterize important features\nand add a citeable identifier (DOI)","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1507/c135","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/8a2d26a75cd742a4","nativeRecordCid":"591f4b9a-785b-4134-833b-d2260dc345dc","documentId":"osft-doc-1507","id":"c135","text":"There are several other initiatives that contribute to the FAIR data policy landscape.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"other initiatives in FAIR data policy landscape","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"There are several other initiatives that contribute to the FAIR data policy landscape and have\ninfluenced our work:","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1507/c136","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/ffdc062b16004d2a","nativeRecordCid":"e9426f75-1589-4ca6-bc89-049bd0cb7d01","documentId":"osft-doc-1507","id":"c136","text":"The metadata about a data set used to answer a research question should be public.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"","subject":"metadata about a data set","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"the data itself is not public , the metadata about a data set used to answer a research\nquestion should be public.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1507/c137","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/54dbd7acfb624200","nativeRecordCid":"c2168e02-9639-478d-8463-cbfd20fe5a21","documentId":"osft-doc-1507","id":"c137","text":"The RDA Metadata Standards Catalog WG does not offer a repository for metadata records.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"RDA Metadata Standards Catalog WG","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"but we\nconcluded this WG doesn’t offer a repository for metadata records.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1507/c138","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/210436a4790748d4","nativeRecordCid":"b5a5cac3-c4ba-41eb-949b-962ad8d9b32f","documentId":"osft-doc-1507","id":"c138","text":"re3data offers a database of research repositories.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"re3data","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"this initiative offers  a database of research repositories , but doesn’t offer a\nrepository to upload the metadata records.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1507/c139","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/756ec294b25c4467","nativeRecordCid":"604b9e36-a48d-4275-9ca6-30d74f5e19c2","documentId":"osft-doc-1507","id":"c139","text":"re3data does not offer a repository to upload metadata records.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"re3data","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"this initiative offers  a database of research repositories , but doesn’t offer a\nrepository to upload the metadata records.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1507/c140","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/aa21639136d44ffc","nativeRecordCid":"f8c72935-4c6b-41dd-a535-a95db0302c4f","documentId":"osft-doc-1507","id":"c140","text":"There is an unresolved issue regarding what metadata should be published about a data set that cannot be accessed or downloaded but may be used for research.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"metadata publication for inaccessible datasets","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Clearly there is an issue related to what metadata should be\npublished about a data set that cannot be accessed or downloaded but  may be used for\nresearch.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1507/c141","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/b9f804c37e374d95","nativeRecordCid":"28806e87-db1c-4304-9554-d31e6695f2b7","documentId":"osft-doc-1507","id":"c141","text":"Adoption and application of the FAIR principles to research data has grown significantly in the few years since their first publication.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"adoption of FAIR principles to research data","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Adoption and application of the FAIR principles to research data has grown significantly\nin the few years since their first publication.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1507/c142","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/04397684a3e44a74","nativeRecordCid":"586f1517-daa6-44ef-844a-6ab19aa136ee","documentId":"osft-doc-1507","id":"c142","text":"The FAIR principles have been embraced in many quarters.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"FAIR principles","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The FAIR principles have been embraced in many quarters and have paved the way to\ncreating a level playing field for data reuse.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1507/c143","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/5d2fc3f7005d488e","nativeRecordCid":"ee70840d-2f2a-42e8-9a1c-3897a79c68a1","documentId":"osft-doc-1507","id":"c143","text":"The FAIR principles have paved the way to creating a level playing field for data reuse.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"FAIR principles","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The FAIR principles have been embraced in many quarters and have paved the way to\ncreating a level playing field for data reuse.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1507/c144","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/6e4016c5ffa5444a","nativeRecordCid":"c961cebb-6ed1-48ff-b144-d3b86b3cd0d1","documentId":"osft-doc-1507","id":"c144","text":"The FAIR principles pose challenges in some areas of research where reuse may not be an automatic right due to issues of confidentiality, privacy, commercial interests and sensitivities in general.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"FAIR principles","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Nevertheless, they also pose challenges in some areas of res earch where reuse may not\nbe an automatic right due to issues of confidentiality, privacy, commercial interests and\nsensitivities in general.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1507/c145","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/3c131738283f4c01","nativeRecordCid":"ecafa20f-b9ef-4a35-afe1-fd13b24c5dde","documentId":"osft-doc-1507","id":"c145","text":"There are global disparities in the uptake of the FAIR principles in health research and within health research performing organisations.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"uptake of FAIR principles in health research","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"aiming to address the global disparities in uptake of the FAIR principles in health\nresearch and within health research performing organisations (HRPOs).","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1507/c146","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/16b59068d2d14319","nativeRecordCid":"8677600a-d8ad-4b14-a246-cab3945a1963","documentId":"osft-doc-1507","id":"c146","text":"The adoption of FAIR practices in health research organizations needs to be accelerated.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"","subject":"adoption of FAIR practices in health research organizations","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"some FAIR4Health partners initiated on the creation of an RDA WG to address the\nneed to accelerate the adoption of FAIR practices in health research organizations.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1507/c147","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/c6023ff9db9a42ce","nativeRecordCid":"ac5c5cc1-a026-416f-bd95-16088d188f4f","documentId":"osft-doc-1507","id":"c147","text":"HRPOs can employ the RDA WG guidelines in their local contexts to address FAIRification of research data.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"HRPOs and RDA guidelines","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"HRPOs can employ these guidelines in their local contexts to address FAIRification of\nresearch data.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1507/c148","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/d0f76e6581914668","nativeRecordCid":"aa6d9ab3-978c-4125-8ba9-87e7f39499cc","documentId":"osft-doc-1507","id":"c148","text":"Useful and straightforward guidelines for HRPOs are necessary, establishing the initial approach of the principles and steps to be included in a global HRPO policy for FAIR data.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"","subject":"guidelines for HRPOs","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The necessity\nfor creating useful and straightforward guidelines for HRPOs by establishing the initial\napproach of the principles and steps to be included in a global HRPO policy for FAIR data\nwere discussed.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1507/c149","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/95dc5644c8de4031","nativeRecordCid":"ad050a00-5863-418c-aeb2-77c77933d482","documentId":"osft-doc-1507","id":"c149","text":"In-person meetings allow for better participation than virtual plenary meetings.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"in-person versus virtual meetings","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"This WG expects to present the draft guidelines at RDA Plenary 19 (June 2022) that\nis currently planned to be in person meeting, allowing for better participation that we\nhave had in the last virtual plenaries due to the pandemic.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1507/c150","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/04e0bcd158104d06","nativeRecordCid":"3cb07e19-5019-4359-9557-9649b18290d0","documentId":"osft-doc-1507","id":"c150","text":"Reorganization is necessary to support FAIR and create FAIR data sets.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"health research organizations","subject":"reorganization to support FAIR","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"We expect that once available, this guideline will be used by the health research\norganizations to cultivate trust and carry out the reorganization necessary to support FAIR\nand create FAIR data sets.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1507/c151","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/b7cefcccdf054416","nativeRecordCid":"0fe89bac-3043-40fb-bb60-b16f5d06472c","documentId":"osft-doc-1507","id":"c151","text":"Using HL7 FHIR to implement the FAIR principles is relevant for researchers.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"HL7 FHIR use for FAIR principles","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"This is very relevant for the researchers, allowing to leverage not only the reuse of\nhealth data for research and innovation, but also the repeatability of research results.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1507/c152","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/63cd4a80b7f04c67","nativeRecordCid":"c98033a8-5fb9-4b8d-a5d1-d61c0967ef85","documentId":"osft-doc-1507","id":"c152","text":"Using HL7 FHIR to implement the FAIR principles allows leveraging the reuse of health data for research and innovation.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"HL7 FHIR use for FAIR principles","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"This is very relevant for the researchers, allowing to leverage not only the reuse of\nhealth data for research and innovation, but also the repeatability of research results.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1507/c153","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/6f298f48fc834887","nativeRecordCid":"d2f564e2-2cd4-49f5-a8ac-209e2e1cbb17","documentId":"osft-doc-1507","id":"c153","text":"Using HL7 FHIR to implement the FAIR principles allows leveraging the repeatability of research results.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"HL7 FHIR use for FAIR principles","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"This is very relevant for the researchers, allowing to leverage not only the reuse of\nhealth data for research and innovation, but also the repeatability of research results.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1507/c154","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/9cd1490dd8cc49c8","nativeRecordCid":"38965f02-28ec-4a18-b5c2-d4977d6b5902","documentId":"osft-doc-1507","id":"c154","text":"The goals of the HL7 FAIRness for FHIR project include facilitating collaboration between the FAIR and the FHIR communities.","kind":"definitional","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"HL7 FAIRness for FHIR project goals","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The goals of HL7 FAIRness for FHIR project under the HL7 Service Oriented Architecture\n(SOA) WG is threefold: (a) facilitate the collaboration between the FAIR and the FHIR\ncommunities (b) enable a cooperative usage of the FHIR and  FAIR paradigms. (c) support\nthe health data FAIRness assessment by using HL7 FHIR conformance resources.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1507/c155","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/a818dc1ce6a74b15","nativeRecordCid":"598ec444-ed39-4be4-823b-7866d0bef252","documentId":"osft-doc-1507","id":"c155","text":"The goals of the HL7 FAIRness for FHIR project include enabling a cooperative usage of the FHIR and FAIR paradigms.","kind":"definitional","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"HL7 FAIRness for FHIR project goals","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The goals of HL7 FAIRness for FHIR project under the HL7 Service Oriented Architecture\n(SOA) WG is threefold: (a) facilitate the collaboration between the FAIR and the FHIR\ncommunities (b) enable a cooperative usage of the FHIR and  FAIR paradigms. (c) support\nthe health data FAIRness assessment by using HL7 FHIR conformance resources.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1507/c156","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/15977619e4244446","nativeRecordCid":"1419debe-028c-44e0-bff7-2ec902785abd","documentId":"osft-doc-1507","id":"c156","text":"The goals of the HL7 FAIRness for FHIR project include supporting the health data FAIRness assessment by using HL7 FHIR conformance resources.","kind":"definitional","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"HL7 FAIRness for FHIR project goals","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The goals of HL7 FAIRness for FHIR project under the HL7 Service Oriented Architecture\n(SOA) WG is threefold: (a) facilitate the collaboration between the FAIR and the FHIR\ncommunities (b) enable a cooperative usage of the FHIR and  FAIR paradigms. (c) support\nthe health data FAIRness assessment by using HL7 FHIR conformance resources.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1507/c157","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/ae50248575c94c3e","nativeRecordCid":"73fd3b48-d45d-4b12-8ebb-43a67b41682e","documentId":"osft-doc-1507","id":"c157","text":"The FHIR implementation of the FAIR principles needs to tackle challenges such as metadata/data mapping and the use of Globally Unique, Persistent and Resolvable Identifiers (GUPRIs).","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"","subject":"FHIR implementation of FAIR principles","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"it describes some of the\nchallenges that the FHIR implementation of the FAIR principles need to tackle ( e.g.,\nmetadata / data mapping, use of GUPRIs ( Globally Unique, Persistent and Resolvable\nIdentifiers), etc).","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1507/c158","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/9db6c86959d14713","nativeRecordCid":"75c58a18-78e2-4c50-a14d-886e9ceed7f4","documentId":"osft-doc-1507","id":"c158","text":"The adoption of HL7 FHIR may help in improving FAIRness of health datasets.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"adoption of HL7 FHIR","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"describing how the adoption of HL7 FHIR\nmay help in improving FAIRNess (based on RDA indicators assessment).","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1507/c159","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/9b9a360207204b92","nativeRecordCid":"d3de9c55-b438-411c-a4b2-b06be7eca88b","documentId":"osft-doc-1507","id":"c159","text":"The FHIR for FAIR Implementation Guide helps the implementation of the FAIR principles.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"FHIR for FAIR Implementation Guide","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Finally, the guide includes a series of FHIR profiles, extensions and examples representing\nsome study level metadata information and help the implementation of the FAIR principles.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1507/c160","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/13a398de55ff48a5","nativeRecordCid":"6ee212ce-11c8-4903-9c3e-2b3938d32eaa","documentId":"osft-doc-1507","id":"c160","text":"Health research institutions offering certified FAIR health data sets must develop the FAIR data policy of the institution and supporting internal organizational processes following the relevant RDA guidelines.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"health research institutions offering certified FAIR health data sets","subject":"FAIR data policy development","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"has confirmed that health research institutions offering certified FAIR health data sets need to\ntake specific actions:\n1) Develop the FAIR data policy of the institution and supporting internal organizational\nprocesses following the relevant RDA guidelines\n2) Establish infrastructure similar to the FAIR4Health platform for the FAIRification of\ndata sets and the publication of relevant FAIR metadata\n3) Adopt the FAIR4FHIR IG once available\n4) Register with European open science cloud and cooperate with other FAIR initiatives\n5) Train the administrative and research personnel on how to deliver FAIR\n6) Certify the processes adopted according to the ISO9000 family of quality standards.","representedInStars":false}
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{"key":"osft-doc-1507/c165","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/d2158ab1f24e4c4b","nativeRecordCid":"5f2fceea-98a7-4dd1-aa27-05df721349a7","documentId":"osft-doc-1507","id":"c165","text":"Health research institutions offering certified FAIR health data sets must train the administrative and research personnel on how to deliver FAIR.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"health research institutions offering certified FAIR health data sets","subject":"personnel training on FAIR","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"has confirmed that health research institutions offering certified FAIR health data sets need to\ntake specific actions:\n1) Develop the FAIR data policy of the institution and supporting internal organizational\nprocesses following the relevant RDA guidelines\n2) Establish infrastructure similar to the FAIR4Health platform for the FAIRification of\ndata sets and the publication of relevant FAIR metadata\n3) Adopt the FAIR4FHIR IG once available\n4) Register with European open science cloud and cooperate with other FAIR initiatives\n5) Train the administrative and research personnel on how to deliver FAIR\n6) Certify the processes adopted according to the ISO9000 family of quality standards.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1507/c166","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/1c036f069f1644f3","nativeRecordCid":"0ca12dfd-dbcd-47c8-9af5-11c3cab6bc91","documentId":"osft-doc-1507","id":"c166","text":"Health research institutions offering certified FAIR health data sets must certify the processes adopted according to the ISO9000 family of quality standards.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"health research institutions offering certified FAIR health data sets","subject":"ISO9000 certification of processes","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"has confirmed that health research institutions offering certified FAIR health data sets need to\ntake specific actions:\n1) Develop the FAIR data policy of the institution and supporting internal organizational\nprocesses following the relevant RDA guidelines\n2) Establish infrastructure similar to the FAIR4Health platform for the FAIRification of\ndata sets and the publication of relevant FAIR metadata\n3) Adopt the FAIR4FHIR IG once available\n4) Register with European open science cloud and cooperate with other FAIR initiatives\n5) Train the administrative and research personnel on how to deliver FAIR\n6) Certify the processes adopted according to the ISO9000 family of quality standards.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1507/c167","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/fc7efcd001cb4f14","nativeRecordCid":"e10b67cf-032c-4ee3-92bc-bb13ffe97c53","documentId":"osft-doc-1507","id":"c167","text":"The FAIR data ecosystem is immature, so there is no clear view of the FAIR data certification prospects ahead.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"FAIR data ecosystem","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Still the FAIR data ecosystem is immature to have a clear view of the FAIR data certification\nprospects ahead.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1507/c168","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/afc4b26cb5684edd","nativeRecordCid":"4d990b8d-0c86-4814-b57e-25f45ed9017a","documentId":"osft-doc-1507","id":"c168","text":"Implementing a FAIR strategy in health research, including training and skills development, is important for facilitating researchers' compliance with FAIR principles.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"FAIR strategy in health research","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"we have identified the importance of implementing a FAIR strategy in healt h research,\nincluding training and skills development to facilitate researchers' compliance with FAIR\nprinciples.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1569/c1","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/8cd85ddca6ae4da9","nativeRecordCid":"95e072d5-7ac0-46b5-870e-f437ea27d053","documentId":"osft-doc-1569","id":"c1","text":"Scholarly research can be an inspirational process for advancing collective knowledge to the benefit of all humankind.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"scholarly research","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Scholarly research can be an inspirational process for advancing our collective knowledge to the benefit of all humankind.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1569/c2","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/e6f4a03a26e747f5","nativeRecordCid":"c58e74cf-758e-485b-8c7d-01394cb27f7e","documentId":"osft-doc-1569","id":"c2","text":"Current research practices often struggle with a range of tensions and conflicts as they adapt to a largely digital system.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"current research practices","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"However, current research practices often struggle with a range of tensions and conflicts as it adapts to a largely digital system.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1569/c3","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/8a38557748f54ccb","nativeRecordCid":"331015db-3e1f-40c9-98b8-fb860945203c","documentId":"osft-doc-1569","id":"c3","text":"Open Scholarship is an attempt to realign modern research practices with the ideal of scholarly research advancing collective knowledge for the benefit of humankind.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"Open Scholarship","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"What is broadly termed as 'Open Scholarship' is an attempt to realign modern research practices with this ideal.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1569/c4","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/fe3d599402164e40","nativeRecordCid":"bd8e6e91-cbde-4bfc-ba25-4826aea0667f","documentId":"osft-doc-1569","id":"c4","text":"Open Scholarship encompasses many disciplines.","kind":"definitional","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"Open Scholarship","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"We do not propose a definition of 'Open Scholarship', but recognise that it is a holistic term that encompasses many disciplines, practices, and principles, sometimes also referred to as 'Open Science' or 'Open Research'.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1569/c5","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/630e5a8a5cb14fac","nativeRecordCid":"ada7874d-20f4-441f-af90-6c4fd0d81d78","documentId":"osft-doc-1569","id":"c5","text":"Open Scholarship encompasses many practices.","kind":"definitional","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"Open Scholarship","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"We do not propose a definition of 'Open Scholarship', but recognise that it is a holistic term that encompasses many disciplines, practices, and principles, sometimes also referred to as 'Open Science' or 'Open Research'.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1569/c6","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/5537be8341e14e79","nativeRecordCid":"7953e52b-543c-4e5f-b443-91d4fc7fb87c","documentId":"osft-doc-1569","id":"c6","text":"Open Scholarship encompasses many principles.","kind":"definitional","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"Open Scholarship","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"We do not propose a definition of 'Open Scholarship', but recognise that it is a holistic term that encompasses many disciplines, practices, and principles, sometimes also referred to as 'Open Science' or 'Open Research'.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1569/c7","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/35f2705f085947cf","nativeRecordCid":"aa3f4723-5052-4aaa-bfa5-7621fde5f765","documentId":"osft-doc-1569","id":"c7","text":"Open Scholarship is sometimes also referred to as 'Open Science'.","kind":"definitional","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"Open Scholarship","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"We do not propose a definition of 'Open Scholarship', but recognise that it is a holistic term that encompasses many disciplines, practices, and principles, sometimes also referred to as 'Open Science' or 'Open Research'.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1569/c8","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/77744900d17c4e1b","nativeRecordCid":"35e3d923-6f80-491b-af69-68023a479cdc","documentId":"osft-doc-1569","id":"c8","text":"Open Scholarship is sometimes also referred to as 'Open Research'.","kind":"definitional","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"Open Scholarship","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"We do not propose a definition of 'Open Scholarship', but recognise that it is a holistic term that encompasses many disciplines, practices, and principles, sometimes also referred to as 'Open Science' or 'Open Research'.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1569/c9","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/76ea729aa94f46ee","nativeRecordCid":"a59e20ed-d8a6-441f-a8f4-90dd8e1aa7a9","documentId":"osft-doc-1569","id":"c9","text":"The impact of widespread adoption of Open Scholarship is diverse.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"impact of widespread adoption of Open Scholarship","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Ultimately, we expect the impact of widespread adoption of Open Scholarship to be diverse.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1569/c10","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/ea633f2520614b49","nativeRecordCid":"49246288-96cf-4e75-87de-6ecec4f537b9","documentId":"osft-doc-1569","id":"c10","text":"Novel research practices increase the pace of innovation.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"novel research practices","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"We expect novel research practices to increase the pace of innovation, and therefore stimulate critical industries around the world.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1569/c11","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/dd94c89c68f14c64","nativeRecordCid":"f01c9437-f174-4a07-a61d-a82ae7b21a7d","documentId":"osft-doc-1569","id":"c11","text":"Novel research practices stimulate critical industries around the world.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"novel research practices","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"We expect novel research practices to increase the pace of innovation, and therefore stimulate critical industries around the world.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1569/c12","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/efd638f7cb414796","nativeRecordCid":"fbb99dce-0342-43fc-b0b6-ca1dad1ca024","documentId":"osft-doc-1569","id":"c12","text":"Transparency in science is becoming more normative.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"transparency in science","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"We could also expect to see an increase in public trust of science, as transparency becomes more normative.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1569/c13","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/879ac83fc2324e32","nativeRecordCid":"7511da9d-afa5-4c69-a3b8-03e0fec72b9f","documentId":"osft-doc-1569","id":"c13","text":"Increased transparency in science leads to greater public trust in science.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"public trust in science","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"We could also expect to see an increase in public trust of science, as transparency becomes more normative.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1569/c14","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/f0ddc9c1dd6e4777","nativeRecordCid":"24b9286c-84a1-45e6-ac12-26e42fb44499","documentId":"osft-doc-1569","id":"c14","text":"Open Scholarship has an inherent influence on society.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"Open Scholarship","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"As such, we expect interest in Open Scholarship to increase at multiple levels, due to its inherent influence on society and global economics.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1569/c15","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/dd2bdb4ac68c4477","nativeRecordCid":"47d6a289-f4a8-4708-9e24-e46cc41ae53d","documentId":"osft-doc-1569","id":"c15","text":"Open Scholarship has an inherent influence on global economics.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"Open Scholarship","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"As such, we expect interest in Open Scholarship to increase at multiple levels, due to its inherent influence on society and global economics.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1569/c16","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/b77fcd277bce423d","nativeRecordCid":"eb477651-f900-4504-bb61-39a6287b4fec","documentId":"osft-doc-1569","id":"c16","text":"Interest in Open Scholarship increases at multiple levels.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"interest in Open Scholarship","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"As such, we expect interest in Open Scholarship to increase at multiple levels, due to its inherent influence on society and global economics.","representedInStars":true}
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{"key":"osft-doc-1612/c12","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/5f8ec11ce2da4857","nativeRecordCid":"ec2b86b0-1fb1-46e1-a795-f4c003de6722","documentId":"osft-doc-1612","id":"c12","text":"OS enables transparency.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"OS","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"OS enables transparency, accountability and replication, and can accelerate discovery and innovation.","representedInStars":true}
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{"key":"osft-doc-1612/c16","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/8cf16ecef95f4bb3","nativeRecordCid":"8cf3178e-d6c9-4547-8ebd-e3295d2afdf1","documentId":"osft-doc-1612","id":"c16","text":"OS can accelerate innovation.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"OS","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"OS enables transparency, accountability and replication, and can accelerate discovery and innovation.","representedInStars":true}
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{"key":"osft-doc-1612/c22","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/de27d7eadb5143e8","nativeRecordCid":"8f4551d5-dca8-4aa2-8fc8-5268ba39ff68","documentId":"osft-doc-1612","id":"c22","text":"OS practices can perpetuate inequities in scholarship.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"OS practices","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"However, OS practices can perpetuate inequities in scholarship in direct contrast to its purported goals","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1612/c23","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/0cb7e787437a4480","nativeRecordCid":"90c2d000-e625-4c30-83b7-e0dad23b5090","documentId":"osft-doc-1612","id":"c23","text":"OS practice should incorporate a broad range of knowledge across different forms of scholarship and different forms of knowing, in order to achieve the aims of OS.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"","subject":"OS practice","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"To achieve the aims of OS, its practice should incorporate a broad range of knowledge across different forms of scholarship and different forms of knowing.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1612/c24","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/242b8e0947584aae","nativeRecordCid":"ccb0d525-cd5b-4f83-b604-7b59ff63744f","documentId":"osft-doc-1612","id":"c24","text":"Implementation of OS requires careful consideration of researcher responsibilities.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"","subject":"implementation of OS","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Its implementation requires careful consideration of both researcher and institutional responsibilities.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1612/c25","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/0a4c0ddd5c734db3","nativeRecordCid":"c19ef423-c36e-46c7-8afc-6fcc790af86c","documentId":"osft-doc-1612","id":"c25","text":"Implementation of OS requires careful consideration of institutional responsibilities.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"","subject":"implementation of OS","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Its implementation requires careful consideration of both researcher and institutional responsibilities.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1612/c26","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/fcf5f89b1411475b","nativeRecordCid":"2515eea9-05c3-41e0-8e1e-81257ae795b1","documentId":"osft-doc-1612","id":"c26","text":"Knowledge mobilization contributes to the success of OS at SFU.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"knowledge mobilization","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The strong commitment to\nknowledge mobilization\nand\ncommmunity engagement\nwill also contribute to the success of OS at SFU.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1612/c27","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/d0e38481dcdd4580","nativeRecordCid":"578762be-5fe5-4a02-b80c-e853aafa1502","documentId":"osft-doc-1612","id":"c27","text":"Community engagement contributes to the success of OS at SFU.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"community engagement","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The strong commitment to\nknowledge mobilization\nand\ncommmunity engagement\nwill also contribute to the success of OS at SFU.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1612/c28","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/11443a8285744b8b","nativeRecordCid":"34703c5b-ad82-4ac5-96ba-25a654ec246e","documentId":"osft-doc-1612","id":"c28","text":"Researchers have the right to decline participation in research and activities under the SFU Open Scholarship Framework.","kind":"normative","modality":"may","actor":"researchers","subject":"researcher participation rights","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"SFU supports the autonomy of its researchers and recognizes their right to decline participation in research and activities under the SFU Open Scholarship Framework.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1612/c29","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/300d6a9129c04e3c","nativeRecordCid":"cf0b8048-336a-44f9-b97c-5367ec0cdd48","documentId":"osft-doc-1612","id":"c29","text":"Application of OS principles to external research partnerships, including collaborations with commercial, philanthropic and public sector partners, should be encouraged.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"","subject":"external research partnerships","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The application of these OS principles to external research partnerships, including collaborations with commercial, philanthropic and public sector partners, is encouraged.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1612/c30","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/d6587aff7d334788","nativeRecordCid":"17ecd849-dfde-486a-8ebf-f1bf901e3a03","documentId":"osft-doc-1612","id":"c30","text":"The policies of SFU's partner institutes and organizations may differ.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"partner institute policies","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"SFU recognizes that the policies of its partner institutes and organizations may differ and research involving external partnerships may decline participation in open scholarship activities.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1612/c31","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/6eb879e9e1e94eb5","nativeRecordCid":"1385e709-b35f-48cd-a7aa-50527a13fb8b","documentId":"osft-doc-1612","id":"c31","text":"Research involving external partnerships may decline participation in open scholarship activities.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"external research partnerships","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"SFU recognizes that the policies of its partner institutes and organizations may differ and research involving external partnerships may decline participation in open scholarship activities.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1612/c32","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/22167c24ffb6433e","nativeRecordCid":"5c560d14-0afa-4dc9-8504-fa02387572e3","documentId":"osft-doc-1612","id":"c32","text":"Scholarly information should be as open as possible and as closed as necessary.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"","subject":"scholarly information openness","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"These draft principles have been created with the intention of making scholarly information “as open as possible” and “as closed as necessary”","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1612/c33","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/205e0338d10f4657","nativeRecordCid":"aec067b4-e659-4a7c-a160-7ab48f010c0d","documentId":"osft-doc-1612","id":"c33","text":"Best practices for OS implementation differ across different disciplines and forms of knowledge.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"OS implementation best practices","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"As best practices for OS implementation differ across different disciplines and forms of knowledge, we recommend the development of best practices specific to different forms of research through a consultation process with relevant stakeholders, guided by these principles.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1612/c34","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/ed37fd9c0d514645","nativeRecordCid":"859a1323-93df-42e1-962d-4e244a87e136","documentId":"osft-doc-1612","id":"c34","text":"Best practices specific to different forms of research should be developed.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"","subject":"best practices for research","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"As best practices for OS implementation differ across different disciplines and forms of knowledge, we recommend the development of best practices specific to different forms of research through a consultation process with relevant stakeholders, guided by these principles.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1612/c35","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/a121d037bb284e69","nativeRecordCid":"2249a10d-4397-48d7-b22b-9e4ae8242a03","documentId":"osft-doc-1612","id":"c35","text":"Practicing OS using open, collaborative, equity-based processes includes engagement with, and knowledge from, non-academic actors to shape both OS practices and the research lifecycle.","kind":"definitional","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"equity-based OS practice","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"This includes engagement with, and knowledge from, non-academic actors to shape both OS practices and the research lifecycle.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1612/c36","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/09837e8651ab4323","nativeRecordCid":"a329884f-e003-4d08-8acd-74728b6585aa","documentId":"osft-doc-1612","id":"c36","text":"Research with Indigenous communities must be done in mutual partnership.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"researchers","subject":"research with Indigenous communities","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"In particular, research with Indigenous communities is to be done in mutual partnership.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1612/c37","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/39f287c909ac44f1","nativeRecordCid":"ba63c53c-c606-46ae-95fb-63fe619cd8ef","documentId":"osft-doc-1612","id":"c37","text":"If Indigenous research methods are used, they should inform how OS is practiced.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"researchers","subject":"Indigenous research methods","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"If Indigenous research methods are used, they should inform how OS is practiced.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1612/c38","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/2bc1e54576514361","nativeRecordCid":"6aaf87d0-6c1d-478e-ab77-900a9e9029b2","documentId":"osft-doc-1612","id":"c38","text":"OS practice involves the inclusion of individuals from marginalized communities.","kind":"definitional","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"OS practice","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"As a practice, OS also involves the inclusion of individuals from marginalized communities, global scholars from less-privileged institutions, and knowledge in all languages.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1612/c39","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/7448560555c4413c","nativeRecordCid":"1522fe5f-8e75-4b10-8d50-dde95a7b0397","documentId":"osft-doc-1612","id":"c39","text":"OS practice involves the inclusion of global scholars from less-privileged institutions.","kind":"definitional","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"OS practice","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"As a practice, OS also involves the inclusion of individuals from marginalized communities, global scholars from less-privileged institutions, and knowledge in all languages.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1612/c40","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/84750f7d1c3f4095","nativeRecordCid":"436b3193-fc09-4d04-ae55-4cb8ac0f7b58","documentId":"osft-doc-1612","id":"c40","text":"OS practice involves the inclusion of knowledge in all languages.","kind":"definitional","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"OS practice","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"As a practice, OS also involves the inclusion of individuals from marginalized communities, global scholars from less-privileged institutions, and knowledge in all languages.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1612/c41","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/9a34b0813e4a42a9","nativeRecordCid":"683b17f2-3f40-49a7-822b-e646ec16a1ed","documentId":"osft-doc-1612","id":"c41","text":"OS practice includes the opening up of workflows across various stages of the research lifecycle, including evaluation.","kind":"definitional","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"OS practice","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"It includes the opening up of workflows across various stages of the research lifecycle, including evaluation.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1612/c42","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/f6dea4be9cd0499f","nativeRecordCid":"3e872490-c3eb-4251-a3f5-4f22880612e4","documentId":"osft-doc-1612","id":"c42","text":"Such equity-based OS practices allow SFU's broader community to shape its research.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"equity-based OS practices","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Such practices have been referred to as “community science” or “participatory research” and allows SFU’s broader community to shape its research.","representedInStars":false}
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{"key":"osft-doc-1612/c55","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/38cb72bdb5e44fbb","nativeRecordCid":"7a6e9dc9-96bf-4954-b26d-8071306b336b","documentId":"osft-doc-1612","id":"c55","text":"Materials and resources shared may include published manuscripts.","kind":"normative","modality":"may","actor":"","subject":"materials and resources shared","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Materials and resources may include data, metadata, educational resources, software, hardware, models, pre-registration plans, pre-print and published manuscripts.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1612/c56","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/6d10c77255f449d9","nativeRecordCid":"fc48e82e-849a-45d1-89e6-587cd942e20e","documentId":"osft-doc-1612","id":"c56","text":"OS efforts spanning the full research lifecycle should be decided during the planning stages of a research project.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"researchers","subject":"OS efforts planning","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"OS efforts spanning the full research lifecycle should be decided during the planning stages of a research project and are to be revised and improved upon during implementation.","representedInStars":false}
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{"key":"osft-doc-1612/c68","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/2d2fe43f1df24bab","nativeRecordCid":"b1b84f5e-2509-440c-a426-a68cdecbe4e4","documentId":"osft-doc-1612","id":"c68","text":"Responsible practice of OS requires respecting participants' rights and duties owed to them through informed consent and appropriate legal and ethical frameworks.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"researchers","subject":"responsible OS practice","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Responsible practice of OS includes respecting participants’ rights and duties owed to them through informed consent and appropriate legal and ethical frameworks where open sharing of data could lead to potential harm or risk to the dignity and privacy of research participants.","representedInStars":false}
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{"key":"osft-doc-1612/c71","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/9a01ed9bab7c4f3a","nativeRecordCid":"eb7147c5-99c8-4a3a-826d-45a4c4f7768c","documentId":"osft-doc-1612","id":"c71","text":"Participants should be informed of what may happen to their data in the future.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"researchers","subject":"participant data future use","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"They should also be informed of what may happen to their data in the future, what mechanisms are in place to withdraw from OS participation in the future and what mechanisms are in place to regulate future use.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1612/c72","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/dc26c4e1675f4dcb","nativeRecordCid":"feb1eec5-5d0b-4885-975d-087aa17f019e","documentId":"osft-doc-1612","id":"c72","text":"Participants should be informed of what mechanisms are in place to withdraw from OS participation in the future.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"researchers","subject":"withdrawal mechanisms","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"They should also be informed of what may happen to their data in the future, what mechanisms are in place to withdraw from OS participation in the future and what mechanisms are in place to regulate future use.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1612/c73","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/c0673517ec294063","nativeRecordCid":"abd0200d-dbbe-4980-b9a9-92a57cba75fc","documentId":"osft-doc-1612","id":"c73","text":"Participants should be informed of what mechanisms are in place to regulate future use of their data.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"researchers","subject":"future data use mechanisms","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"They should also be informed of what may happen to their data in the future, what mechanisms are in place to withdraw from OS participation in the future and what mechanisms are in place to regulate future use.","representedInStars":false}
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{"key":"osft-doc-1612/c76","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/48393a996be044df","nativeRecordCid":"e9ed0f35-c961-411a-a66d-59aa32e9e9db","documentId":"osft-doc-1612","id":"c76","text":"Past historical injustices from how data from Indigenous communities have been shared and used must not be exacerbated.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"researchers","subject":"historical injustices with Indigenous data","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Past historical injustices from how data from Indigenous communities have been shared and used will not be exacerbated and new harms will not be created.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1612/c77","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/8c06627f19d941c9","nativeRecordCid":"7bd2d688-c3d7-43bf-a5ff-3042a692e98f","documentId":"osft-doc-1612","id":"c77","text":"New harms must not be created in the sharing and use of data from Indigenous communities.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"researchers","subject":"data from Indigenous communities","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Past historical injustices from how data from Indigenous communities have been shared and used will not be exacerbated and new harms will not be created.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1612/c78","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/c64d8ac3b6af43f0","nativeRecordCid":"d11463f5-d684-47c5-b7e8-122ad0541bf9","documentId":"osft-doc-1612","id":"c78","text":"Responsible OS with Indigenous communities must be practiced.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"researchers","subject":"OS with Indigenous communities","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"To this end, responsible OS with Indigenous communities is to be practiced and the\nCARE Principles for Indigenous Data Governance\n6\nare to be prioritized.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1612/c79","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/1f046234596646c2","nativeRecordCid":"b0128885-f412-4ee2-ba48-97c6088b35a2","documentId":"osft-doc-1612","id":"c79","text":"The CARE Principles for Indigenous Data Governance must be prioritized.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"researchers","subject":"CARE Principles for Indigenous Data Governance","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"To this end, responsible OS with Indigenous communities is to be practiced and the\nCARE Principles for Indigenous Data Governance\n6\nare to be prioritized.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1612/c80","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/7441f82612e54e3e","nativeRecordCid":"59459dbe-9708-4668-b40a-014f7b9f9af7","documentId":"osft-doc-1612","id":"c80","text":"A shift towards alternative metrics and approaches to research evaluation is needed for recognition of OS activities that occur before the end of the research cycle.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"SFU","subject":"alternative metrics for research evaluation","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"is encouraged and especially needed for recognition of OS activities that occur before the end of the research cycle.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1612/c81","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/21b7bb75d5e447f8","nativeRecordCid":"1e659a9b-0981-48ef-9f8f-767b2390f051","documentId":"osft-doc-1612","id":"c81","text":"SFU has an inventor-owned IP policy.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"SFU IP policy","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"SFU has an inventor-owned IP policy.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1612/c82","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/b5137e6a1305456d","nativeRecordCid":"e424195d-f442-4fce-9c4f-236bd0c7b357","documentId":"osft-doc-1612","id":"c82","text":"Any SFU member who creates IP under the auspices of SFU owns the IP subject to a narrow set of exemptions.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"SFU IP ownership","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Any SFU member who creates IP under the auspices of SFU owns the IP subject to a narrow set of exemptions.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1612/c83","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/158a2efd979e43fd","nativeRecordCid":"1807bc88-9f88-4e99-a016-23047dd220f5","documentId":"osft-doc-1612","id":"c83","text":"SFU's inventors maintain control over their IP.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"SFU inventors' IP control","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"While acknowledging that SFU’s inventors maintain control over their IP, SFU will implement its OS principles through the flexible use of IP tools.","representedInStars":false}
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{"key":"osft-doc-1612/c85","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/d92aa5ed17424ea7","nativeRecordCid":"8d1618c5-e217-4272-8fb0-243d880035e3","documentId":"osft-doc-1612","id":"c85","text":"Owners of IP should consider the OS principles and options for minimizing the restrictive use of research outputs when choosing whether to use an IP-based strategy for translation of knowledge.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"owners of IP","subject":"IP translation strategy","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"SFU encourages the owners of IP to consider the OS principles and options for minimizing the restrictive use of research outputs when choosing whether to use an IP-based strategy for translation of knowledge.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1612/c86","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/c1e1224a87ea4930","nativeRecordCid":"eb15f8df-1601-4513-bf09-8da78e6a2ead","documentId":"osft-doc-1612","id":"c86","text":"Owners of IP may refrain from pursuing restrictive IP rights such as patents if they do not intend to commercialize the IP.","kind":"normative","modality":"may","actor":"owners of IP","subject":"restrictive IP rights","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"For example, they may refrain from pursuing restrictive IP rights such as patents if they do not intend to commercialize the IP.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1612/c87","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/89909a24e4ae4f88","nativeRecordCid":"1d577f72-fa33-4adb-93e4-c12e3ede5175","documentId":"osft-doc-1612","id":"c87","text":"Researchers who patent their inventions should refrain from enforcing patent rights against other researchers to allow for freedom to practice inventions in academic, and research and development settings.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"researchers","subject":"patent enforcement","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"If researchers patent their inventions, SFU recommends that they refrain from enforcing patent rights against other researchers to allow for freedom to practice inventions in academic, and research and development settings","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1612/c88","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/c5b22deed9544216","nativeRecordCid":"9f9281b8-4a85-408e-bd6b-16aa0f075c1e","documentId":"osft-doc-1612","id":"c88","text":"The impact of the research enterprise sometimes depends on IP commercialization.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"research enterprise impact","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The impact of the research enterprise sometimes depends on IP commercialization and industry-sponsored research projects, including the transfer of IP from SFU and/or researchers to industry partners.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1612/c89","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/0ed47f852ebe4c96","nativeRecordCid":"8bd1d4af-f84c-4ff3-9839-df685add99b5","documentId":"osft-doc-1612","id":"c89","text":"The impact of the research enterprise sometimes depends on industry-sponsored research projects, including the transfer of IP from SFU and/or researchers to industry partners.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"research enterprise impact","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The impact of the research enterprise sometimes depends on IP commercialization and industry-sponsored research projects, including the transfer of IP from SFU and/or researchers to industry partners.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1612/c90","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/4c893b057d564233","nativeRecordCid":"35f150c7-667f-4acb-a272-413b88e6725e","documentId":"osft-doc-1612","id":"c90","text":"Transfer of IP should not lead to the monopolization of knowledge by industry stakeholders.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"","subject":"IP transfer","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Transfer of IP should not lead to the monopolization of knowledge by industry stakeholders.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1612/c91","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/d55054ef82aa4235","nativeRecordCid":"027c7dd9-9aaa-42a9-827d-7e4264cf4bbf","documentId":"osft-doc-1612","id":"c91","text":"When entering into sponsored research agreements, SFU and its researchers should endeavour to retain the right to use the generated scholarly knowledge for future purposes.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"SFU and its researchers","subject":"sponsored research agreements","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"When entering into sponsored research agreements, SFU and its researchers should endeavour to retain the right to use the generated scholarly knowledge for future purposes.","representedInStars":false}
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{"key":"osft-doc-1612/c99","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/20920f4dd24f4d8d","nativeRecordCid":"ed47d8ca-d29b-4a65-8610-ac4ed4083345","documentId":"osft-doc-1612","id":"c99","text":"Researchers should be cognizant of potential misuse of their research results.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"researchers","subject":"potential misuse of research results","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Researchers should be cognizant of potential misuse of their research results and prohibit those uses in the licensing terms to the extent possible.","representedInStars":false}
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{"key":"osft-doc-1646/c3","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/ce520cd865f947db","nativeRecordCid":"5e681dc5-5ff0-4e23-a83a-b89765b8cf06","documentId":"osft-doc-1646","id":"c3","text":"Open Access to scientific research outputs provides greater accountability to taxpayers and research funders.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"Open Access to scientific research outputs","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Open Access to scientific research outputs provides greater accountability to taxpayers and research funders.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1646/c4","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/d3fa599b8edf4290","nativeRecordCid":"3dce9166-bd8a-4d2c-9fc4-9597acf0cbc0","documentId":"osft-doc-1646","id":"c4","text":"Open Science enables the scientific community to evaluate the reproducibility of scientific results.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"Open Science","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Open Science enables the scientific community to evaluate the reproducibility of scientific results.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1646/c5","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/267ea459d6674049","nativeRecordCid":"9412952c-5d19-411f-91c9-b510adfc55e2","documentId":"osft-doc-1646","id":"c5","text":"Open and accessible science fosters public dialogue about science.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"open and accessible science","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Open and accessible science fosters public dialogue about, understanding of, and public confidence in, science.","representedInStars":true}
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{"key":"osft-doc-1646/c7","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/e1c80a9d99a94f8c","nativeRecordCid":"b3d83461-c53b-43a9-8247-dc2be781d344","documentId":"osft-doc-1646","id":"c7","text":"Open and accessible science fosters public confidence in science.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"open and accessible science","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Open and accessible science fosters public dialogue about, understanding of, and public confidence in, science.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1646/c8","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/b7f5f24f0eb9402a","nativeRecordCid":"c696ae92-3db3-40e5-9856-43319ce396d1","documentId":"osft-doc-1646","id":"c8","text":"Open Science minimizes duplication of efforts.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"Open Science","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Open Science minimizes duplication of efforts and enables more efficient and effective use of research investments.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1646/c9","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/dee8e9d3411c4195","nativeRecordCid":"301ae70f-1dba-4aff-9b26-ea3b7e60f88a","documentId":"osft-doc-1646","id":"c9","text":"Open Science enables more efficient and effective use of research investments.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"Open Science","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Open Science minimizes duplication of efforts and enables more efficient and effective use of research investments.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1646/c10","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/a8af3c27ad1a47e8","nativeRecordCid":"e16f0c8e-d92d-4302-95c3-61d0f9500623","documentId":"osft-doc-1646","id":"c10","text":"Open Science accelerates the discovery process by allowing others to build on previously validated discoveries and research contributions.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"Open Science","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Open Science accelerates the discovery process by allowing others to build on previously validated discoveries and research contributions and to create opportunities for innovation and prosperity.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1646/c11","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/14ed38f0381840e1","nativeRecordCid":"f51b7ca1-5e51-4e07-8174-55c86efa3f74","documentId":"osft-doc-1646","id":"c11","text":"Open Science creates opportunities for innovation and prosperity.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"Open Science","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Open Science accelerates the discovery process by allowing others to build on previously validated discoveries and research contributions and to create opportunities for innovation and prosperity.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1646/c12","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/b91027734dcc43ce","nativeRecordCid":"e5fe47b9-052f-4840-aa2e-164e98ac0d5b","documentId":"osft-doc-1646","id":"c12","text":"Open Science creates opportunities to benefit from the diversity of knowledge systems and perspectives.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"Open Science","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Open Science creates opportunities to benefit from the diversity of knowledge systems and perspectives.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1646/c13","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/6a1123d8b9304567","nativeRecordCid":"7b6e1e09-f294-4c4a-a7db-cd2c375456d2","documentId":"osft-doc-1646","id":"c13","text":"Open Science reduces delays in the sharing and re-use of scientific information.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"Open Science","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Open Science reduces delays in the sharing and re-use of scientific information.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1646/c14","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/dac606dafc2f4427","nativeRecordCid":"9543cc09-1484-4f7a-8961-6805327b54d4","documentId":"osft-doc-1646","id":"c14","text":"Governments around the world are embracing Open Science.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"governments around the world","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Governments around the world are embracing Open Science.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1646/c15","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/47862884bd424be8","nativeRecordCid":"be218d3e-59fb-476c-aa0c-62c12442d9c9","documentId":"osft-doc-1646","id":"c15","text":"Canada has an opportunity to be a part of this movement to shape the global vision of Open Science.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"Canada","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Canada has an opportunity to be a part of this movement to shape the global vision of Open Science.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1646/c16","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/156f1f9798c04b08","nativeRecordCid":"4fe7001d-f1ec-4ac7-b6f4-5a36510f0da2","documentId":"osft-doc-1646","id":"c16","text":"Open Science is a shared commitment between all stakeholders.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"Open Science","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Open Science is a shared commitment between all stakeholders.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1646/c17","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/3b75d019181b4896","nativeRecordCid":"682f5ed7-2c31-4329-8bc4-60263040cd97","documentId":"osft-doc-1646","id":"c17","text":"The scientific community is integral to Open Science.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"scientific community","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The scientific community is integral to Open Science and needs to be meaningfully engaged at every stage of the process, including the design, implementation and evaluation of its effectiveness and impact.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1646/c18","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/58ca342426094377","nativeRecordCid":"cec8ec0a-92b8-43e2-b0ba-c1a0bcd989cd","documentId":"osft-doc-1646","id":"c18","text":"The scientific community needs to be meaningfully engaged at every stage of the process, including the design, implementation and evaluation of its effectiveness and impact.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"","subject":"scientific community engagement","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The scientific community is integral to Open Science and needs to be meaningfully engaged at every stage of the process, including the design, implementation and evaluation of its effectiveness and impact.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1646/c19","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/b671f30bbed3429e","nativeRecordCid":"29cc5c13-3b14-4d2c-867c-3ae6aecbdc56","documentId":"osft-doc-1646","id":"c19","text":"Scientific research outputs should be open by design and by default.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"","subject":"scientific research outputs","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Scientific research outputs are “Open by Design and by Default”; they are “FAIR”, i.e. Findable, Accessible, Interoperable and Reusable.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1646/c20","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/7c8550e0c18a488c","nativeRecordCid":"3170559e-1efa-4236-8a28-59c49a4face8","documentId":"osft-doc-1646","id":"c20","text":"Scientific research outputs should be FAIR, i.e. Findable, Accessible, Interoperable and Reusable.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"","subject":"scientific research outputs","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Scientific research outputs are “Open by Design and by Default”; they are “FAIR”, i.e. Findable, Accessible, Interoperable and Reusable.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1646/c21","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/a056fe8635eb40e3","nativeRecordCid":"3fc1436b-c2e3-4193-b374-931c91184892","documentId":"osft-doc-1646","id":"c21","text":"Withholding scientific research outputs requires a valid reason consistent with a framework on which scientific information will be kept private or confidential.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"","subject":"withholding scientific research outputs","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Withholding scientific research outputs requires a valid reason consistent with a framework (to be developed) on which scientific information will be kept private or confidential.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1646/c22","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/9c7d234f495546bc","nativeRecordCid":"4cf5eba4-d9f8-4c1a-94ce-374c4ff189ab","documentId":"osft-doc-1646","id":"c22","text":"Diverse and inclusive approaches should be used in achieving Open Science, reflecting the breadth of perspectives across scientific communities and knowledge systems.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"","subject":"approaches to achieving Open Science","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"In achieving Open Science, diverse and inclusive approaches are used, reflecting the breadth of perspectives across scientific communities and knowledge systems.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1646/c23","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/12ece54a5cdb4f2a","nativeRecordCid":"e959cbe9-3651-4c84-b052-67606b369f94","documentId":"osft-doc-1646","id":"c23","text":"Open Science enables collaborations between and among intramural and extramural science communities, within Canada and globally.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"Open Science","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Open Science enables collaborations between and among intramural and extramural science communities, within Canada and globally.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1646/c24","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/0ee69236b52a4e42","nativeRecordCid":"82747866-f35a-4df8-b8ee-be87e7983a7e","documentId":"osft-doc-1646","id":"c24","text":"The practice of Open Science requires a sustainable approach with concrete steps forward and the commitment necessary to achieve the long-term vision.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"","subject":"practice of Open Science","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The practice of Open Science requires a sustainable approach with concrete steps forward and the commitment necessary to achieve the long-term vision.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1646/c25","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/74ce3a580bd14e83","nativeRecordCid":"c248a122-29a6-42fc-959c-0721d247df45","documentId":"osft-doc-1646","id":"c25","text":"Canada should adopt an Open Science approach to federally funded scientific and research outputs.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"Canada","subject":"Open Science approach","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Canada should adopt an Open Science approach to federally funded scientific and research outputs.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1646/c26","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/93bb8475391c4939","nativeRecordCid":"e1f06fa4-2078-4f47-a7b4-a5459f329fd8","documentId":"osft-doc-1646","id":"c26","text":"Implementation of an Open Science approach should take a phased approach.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"","subject":"implementation of Open Science approach","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Given the complexities associated with adopting an Open Science approach, implementation should take a phased approach.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1646/c27","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/fc1f0fb1ca6e4dc3","nativeRecordCid":"b3d2f8a0-40f3-4c32-ace3-133aa312f21f","documentId":"osft-doc-1646","id":"c27","text":"Federal science should be made open and readily and easily available to Canadians.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"federal departments and agencies","subject":"federal science","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"This should include plans for a common, phased approach towards making federal science open (taking into account Recommendations\n4\n,\n5\nand\n7\n) and readily and easily available to Canadians.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1646/c28","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/cbfcb764c7904e7c","nativeRecordCid":"41d6356e-e54a-4de5-ab5d-145c4d55a639","documentId":"osft-doc-1646","id":"c28","text":"Newly generated scientific research outputs produced by federal scientists and researchers, as well as scientific research outputs contracted by federal departments and agencies, should be made open by design and by default.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"federal departments and agencies","subject":"newly generated and contracted federal scientific research outputs","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Newly generated scientific research outputs produced by federal scientists and researchers, as well as scientific research outputs that were contracted by federal departments and agencies need to be made “Open by Design and by Default.”","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1646/c29","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/9e7de620939f4831","nativeRecordCid":"82bf150a-4db3-4345-98c7-f376ce131429","documentId":"osft-doc-1646","id":"c29","text":"For legacy data, a responsive action plan should be developed to share data requested with a time-bound commitment for delivery.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"federal departments and agencies","subject":"legacy data","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"For legacy data, a responsive action plan should be developed to share data requested with time-bound commitment for delivery.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1646/c30","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/953029cecdab40a2","nativeRecordCid":"3ca22c19-88b6-4008-9ec8-90904f2384ce","documentId":"osft-doc-1646","id":"c30","text":"Federal departments and agencies should make federal science articles openly accessible by January 2022, while respecting privacy, security, ethical considerations and appropriate intellectual property protection.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"federal departments and agencies","subject":"federal science articles","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Federal departments and agencies should make federal science articles\n*\nopenly accessible by January 2022 and federal science publications\n*\nopenly accessible by January 2023, while respecting privacy, security, ethical considerations and appropriate intellectual property protection.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1646/c31","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/74e97521802644ad","nativeRecordCid":"4067271f-297f-41ff-9fa6-46df4fdf7888","documentId":"osft-doc-1646","id":"c31","text":"Federal departments and agencies should make federal science publications openly accessible by January 2023, while respecting privacy, security, ethical considerations and appropriate intellectual property protection.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"federal departments and agencies","subject":"federal science publications","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Federal departments and agencies should make federal science articles\n*\nopenly accessible by January 2022 and federal science publications\n*\nopenly accessible by January 2023, while respecting privacy, security, ethical considerations and appropriate intellectual property protection.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1646/c32","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/fb2ab0935ecc4261","nativeRecordCid":"cce48657-6616-40db-b26f-c3b0e2b3d53e","documentId":"osft-doc-1646","id":"c32","text":"Open Access should be achieved by default without an embargo period.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"","subject":"Open Access","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"This recommendation aims to achieve Open Access by default without an embargo period.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1646/c33","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/33db9df7f0844190","nativeRecordCid":"7f8a9ff8-530a-49f1-8226-61ef308641ba","documentId":"osft-doc-1646","id":"c33","text":"For legacy publications, a responsive action plan should be developed to share publications requested with a time-bound commitment for delivery.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"federal departments and agencies","subject":"legacy publications","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"For legacy publications, a responsive action plan should be developed to share publications requested with time-bound commitment for delivery.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1646/c34","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/83c4b9979f0e4efc","nativeRecordCid":"5049cc9c-e973-4dde-9486-03e86ca4be37","documentId":"osft-doc-1646","id":"c34","text":"When a research project and resulting publication have received support from multiple funders, the federal government should uphold the most open of the Open Access policies.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"federal government","subject":"Open Access policies for multi-funder research","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"When a research project and resulting publication have received support from multiple funders, the federal government should uphold the most open of the Open Access policies.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1646/c35","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/dcaf3efff1ec4961","nativeRecordCid":"baf2252e-67ba-49fd-a5ff-826abdd79c4c","documentId":"osft-doc-1646","id":"c35","text":"Federal departments and agencies should develop strategies and tools to implement FAIR data principles to ensure interoperability of scientific and research data and metadata standards.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"federal departments and agencies","subject":"FAIR data principles","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Federal departments and agencies should develop strategies and tools to implement FAIR data principles to ensure interoperability of scientific and research data\n*\nand metadata standards by January 2023, with a phased plan for full implementation by January 2025.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1646/c36","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/f45672e24e984ed0","nativeRecordCid":"d5a918c9-6b9b-48be-990a-11e9c2530122","documentId":"osft-doc-1646","id":"c36","text":"Strong data management practices, including annotation and curation to the most updated standards, are a prerequisite for the implementation of FAIR data principles.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"data management practices","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"A pre-requisite for the implementation of FAIR data principles is strong data management practices, including annotation and curation to the most updated standards (e.g. current data and metadata standards).","representedInStars":false}
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{"key":"osft-doc-1673/c2","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/4337ac7ccf3c4f94","nativeRecordCid":"6e1f875c-57db-41fe-bb46-05b6bd3fb99f","documentId":"osft-doc-1673","id":"c2","text":"Strategy involves determining actions to achieve the goals.","kind":"definitional","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"strategy","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"*Strategy generally involves setting goals, determining actions to achieve the **goals**, and mobilizing resources to execute the actions. A strategy describes how the ends (goals) will be achieved by the means (resources).*","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1673/c3","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/bed997ac7994450b","nativeRecordCid":"c9bd7cfa-d395-4f9c-b593-4bb68947544d","documentId":"osft-doc-1673","id":"c3","text":"Strategy involves mobilizing resources to execute the actions.","kind":"definitional","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"strategy","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"*Strategy generally involves setting goals, determining actions to achieve the **goals**, and mobilizing resources to execute the actions. A strategy describes how the ends (goals) will be achieved by the means (resources).*","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1673/c4","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/5ada2f6a7c794352","nativeRecordCid":"3f9c4c63-b50f-4e76-9e4f-a1d40ec6b8a3","documentId":"osft-doc-1673","id":"c4","text":"How the different aspects of Open Scholarship are prioritised is a matter of debate based on varying perspectives.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"prioritization of Open Scholarship aspects","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"How the different aspects are prioritised is a matter of debate based on varying perspectives.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1673/c5","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/f576542493b846bd","nativeRecordCid":"e9968db1-4ee9-44eb-815a-1026c16dcf8f","documentId":"osft-doc-1673","id":"c5","text":"The slow progress of Open Scholarship over the last 2-3 decades may reflect a general lack of strategic thinking and implementation.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"progress of Open Scholarship","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Indeed, many view the progress of Open Scholarship in the last 2-3 decades as painfully insubstantive, a factor which might reflect its general lack of strategic thinking and implementation.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1673/c6","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/411ee7034b6b43f8","nativeRecordCid":"38c9e97e-fda3-4680-b09f-2a11ea4da0df","documentId":"osft-doc-1673","id":"c6","text":"Funding organisations, governments, and research institutions should adopt policies and mandates related to Open Scholarship practices beyond Open Access and data sharing.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"funding organisations, governments, and research institutions","subject":"Open Scholarship policy adoption","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Advocate for funding organisations, governments and research institutions to adopt policies and mandates related to Open Scholarship practices beyond Open Access (OA) and data sharing; for example, on open peer review, use of persistent identifiers (PIDs), open evaluation, and preprints.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1673/c7","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/1c919975e062432f","nativeRecordCid":"3ab12104-bc49-4867-8019-b5d9b22d7629","documentId":"osft-doc-1673","id":"c7","text":"Individual researchers should make their own contributions to openness visible in public.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"individual researchers","subject":"visibility of openness contributions","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Make one's own contributions to 'openness' visible in public (e.g., one a CV or personal website).","representedInStars":true}
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{"key":"osft-doc-1673/c9","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/361dcdedcb9d4c15","nativeRecordCid":"ad9f07af-bed5-47d2-89c9-2512fece139c","documentId":"osft-doc-1673","id":"c9","text":"Individual researchers should adopt the use of open and free software for the conduct of research and analysis.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"individual researchers","subject":"open and free software use","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Adopt the use of open and free software for the conduct of research and analysis so that the computational processing can be audited by the community, and so that the tools used are available to everyone to increase productivity.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1673/c10","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/1fcb1fcba25a4e65","nativeRecordCid":"a4cfaf20-be67-44cc-b045-a7abb90c0718","documentId":"osft-doc-1673","id":"c10","text":"Individual researchers should share research data and materials in free, openly-licensed formats.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"individual researchers","subject":"sharing research data and materials","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Commit to a variety of personal Open Scholarship practices, such as sharing research data and materials in free, openly-licensed formats so that methods and results can be freely examined and built upon by the wider community.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1673/c11","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/5990b0b74c034ee8","nativeRecordCid":"802be345-c9e0-42fa-a6ba-553c740034e9","documentId":"osft-doc-1673","id":"c11","text":"Individual researchers should establish support structures that help guide other individuals along the path to Open Scholarship.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"individual researchers","subject":"support structures for Open Scholarship","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Establish support structures (e.g., openLab, walk-in labs, makerspaces in the wider sense) that help to guide other individuals along the path to Open Scholarship.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1673/c12","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/ce7526be702b4e55","nativeRecordCid":"cee1e2ea-f582-41b7-8148-e47e37b68db0","documentId":"osft-doc-1673","id":"c12","text":"Individual researchers should form better relationships with other stakeholders involved in Open Scholarship developments.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"individual researchers","subject":"relationships with Open Scholarship stakeholders","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Form better relationships with other stakeholders involved in Open Scholarship developments (e.g., librarians, policymakers, publishers and other service providers, OA advocates, and those actively teaching in education).","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1673/c13","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/dbd761d14460464e","nativeRecordCid":"89836316-5b33-4e5e-b97a-aea38d0e32c0","documentId":"osft-doc-1673","id":"c13","text":"Individual researchers should collaborate with researchers who practice various aspects of Open Scholarship.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"individual researchers","subject":"collaboration with Open Scholarship practitioners","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Work for and collaborate with researchers who practice various aspects of Open Scholarship, ranging from developing open source software and tools to posting preprints and citizen science.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1673/c14","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/39ce0ccce53a447f","nativeRecordCid":"214e41a3-d7ea-4252-b029-a7989c072364","documentId":"osft-doc-1673","id":"c14","text":"An open mindset that emphasises the importance of the research process over the outcome should be widely adopted.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"researchers","subject":"open mindset adoption","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Encourage the wider adoption of an 'open mindset' that emphasises the importance of the research process over the outcome.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1673/c15","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/ce2fe26ce7a24712","nativeRecordCid":"653ff652-8645-4626-a28f-dfed277a622a","documentId":"osft-doc-1673","id":"c15","text":"Research groups should locate Open Scholarship hotspots and link them together to help community expansion.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"research groups (labs, departments)","subject":"Open Scholarship hotspots","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Locate Open Scholarship hotspots (i.e., venues or groups for regular exchange and discussion about community building) and find a way to link them together to help community expansion.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1673/c16","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/9863b5448e604ac5","nativeRecordCid":"b57f541a-bd40-4afc-a11e-cbc7ba96b0cb","documentId":"osft-doc-1673","id":"c16","text":"Research groups should establish an Open Scholarship hotspot where a local one does not yet exist.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"research groups (labs, departments)","subject":"Open Scholarship hotspots","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"If a local one does not yet exist, establish it.","representedInStars":true}
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{"key":"osft-doc-1673/c18","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/c12c53d4b4f24578","nativeRecordCid":"f02c8262-2a60-4780-b016-4759f9c5f9d4","documentId":"osft-doc-1673","id":"c18","text":"Research groups should highlight best practice showcases to demonstrate what is possible with Open Scholarship and its wider advantages.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"research groups (labs, departments)","subject":"best practice showcases","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Highlight Best Practice showcases in order to demonstrate what is actually possible with Open Scholarship, and what the wider advantages can be.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1673/c19","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/5835b3cff0b742f7","nativeRecordCid":"e333cc42-9e8c-4032-9782-a608c046b346","documentId":"osft-doc-1673","id":"c19","text":"Research groups should adopt shared data as a research output.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"research groups (labs, departments)","subject":"shared data as research output","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Adopt best practices for Open Scholarship, including shared data as a research output and addressing publication bias and \"questionable research practices\" with bias-reducing workflows.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1673/c20","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/0050b7a138a040ae","nativeRecordCid":"f0d55b2c-4dd4-4eb4-a7ec-2924bb284341","documentId":"osft-doc-1673","id":"c20","text":"Research groups should address publication bias and questionable research practices with bias-reducing workflows.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"research groups (labs, departments)","subject":"publication bias and questionable practices","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Adopt best practices for Open Scholarship, including shared data as a research output and addressing publication bias and \"questionable research practices\" with bias-reducing workflows.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1673/c21","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/8cd90be1bfaf4eea","nativeRecordCid":"c5294569-9ddb-4889-ae1d-5eb9823e93e7","documentId":"osft-doc-1673","id":"c21","text":"Scholarly journals, publishers, funders, and higher education and research institutes should recognize and reward a variety of Open Scholarship activities in research evaluation policies.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"scholarly journals, publishers, funders, and higher education and research institutes","subject":"recognition of Open Scholarship activities","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Advocate to decision makers at scholarly journals, publishers, funders, and higher education and research institutes to recognize and reward a variety of Open Scholarship activities, particularly regarding research evaluation policies.","representedInStars":true}
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{"key":"osft-doc-1673/c30","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/7bb7dc873c2748ef","nativeRecordCid":"087228e0-abc5-46ca-a7c4-05294a561b77","documentId":"osft-doc-1673","id":"c30","text":"Research libraries should collect information about who is doing the editorial and peer review work.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"research libraries","subject":"editorial and peer review information","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Who is doing the editorial and peer review work;","representedInStars":true}
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{"key":"osft-doc-1673/c34","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/216d1f770a8b403c","nativeRecordCid":"b2637991-ec3b-4c77-a218-1a091b2b992e","documentId":"osft-doc-1673","id":"c34","text":"Research institutes should map and coordinate when current subscription and 'big deal' licenses will run out across institutes.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"research institutes","subject":"subscription license expiry coordination","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Map and coordinate when current subscription and ‘big deal’ licenses will run out across institutes, and let it happen.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1673/c35","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/71f9313a59fe4eb2","nativeRecordCid":"91312747-6833-42df-9c54-a194e59dfe7e","documentId":"osft-doc-1673","id":"c35","text":"When subscription cancellations or terminations occur, adequate post-subscription access should be ensured using existing legal mechanisms.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"research institutes","subject":"post-subscription access","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Where cancellations or terminations occur, ensure that there is adequate post-subscription access using existing legal mechanisms (e.g., Inter-Library Loan).","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1673/c36","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/f9bfb550e87b4fec","nativeRecordCid":"e77cd575-bc83-4d1f-aa61-298760d73d6b","documentId":"osft-doc-1673","id":"c36","text":"Research institutes should explore routes for reinvesting money saved from subscriptions into library budgets.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"research institutes","subject":"reinvestment of saved subscription money","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Explore routes for reinvesting money saved for library budgets.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1673/c37","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/e8ce697224db414b","nativeRecordCid":"342ce387-7362-4ba1-b10b-539be5e3899b","documentId":"osft-doc-1673","id":"c37","text":"Research institutes should purchase back legacy documents and incorporate them into the scholarly body of work.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"research institutes","subject":"purchasing back legacy documents","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Purchase back any legacy documents and incorporate them into the scholarly body of work.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1673/c38","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/9fd56238a2934b42","nativeRecordCid":"359458d0-6e63-4ccc-a0ef-82e3093335f1","documentId":"osft-doc-1673","id":"c38","text":"Research institutes should improve the open sharing and archiving of legacy articles on which copyright has expired.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"research institutes","subject":"sharing/archiving legacy articles","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Also improve the open sharing and archiving of legacy articles on which copyright has expired","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1673/c39","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/db4a478196824e13","nativeRecordCid":"b6e6eab7-6cdc-4651-8193-73348f07f305","documentId":"osft-doc-1673","id":"c39","text":"Research funders can define the limits of what is an acceptable standard of publication.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"research funders' power over publication standards","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Research funders can define the limits of what is an acceptable standard of publication.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1673/c40","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/fcb060343cfc4e83","nativeRecordCid":"5c492ee0-e1a6-4f48-b0f5-aa6392a5b426","documentId":"osft-doc-1673","id":"c40","text":"Research funders have the power to mandate publication in journals that cap Article Processing Charges, are OA-only, or have short or zero-length embargoes.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"research funders' power to mandate publication venues","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"They therefore have the power to mandate publication in journals with a cap on APCs, or in OA-only venues, or in those with short or zero-length embargoes (e.g., Emerald, The Royal Society).","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1673/c41","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/30f1911496834fb4","nativeRecordCid":"afe385b5-c59e-4203-a2fd-387d3faa2c02","documentId":"osft-doc-1673","id":"c41","text":"Research institutes that currently lack rights retention policies for scholarly research should develop them.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"research institutes","subject":"rights retention policies","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Development of rights retention policies for scholarly research at research institutes that currently lack them.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1673/c42","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/cab63a56a9594a3a","nativeRecordCid":"9d53c10d-bdab-4a87-99e7-113c08e17b35","documentId":"osft-doc-1673","id":"c42","text":"Research institutes should adopt the CRediT guidelines to help identify author contributions more clearly.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"research institutes","subject":"CRediT guidelines adoption","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Adoption of the CRediT (Contributor Rules Taxonomy) guidelines (NOTE:  CASRAI CRediT scheme.) to help identify author contributions more clearly.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1673/c43","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/578b573fa4b04843","nativeRecordCid":"3c4211af-7ecc-4d20-92c2-1303e359ce57","documentId":"osft-doc-1673","id":"c43","text":"Publishers should further adopt the Initiative for Open Citations.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"publishers","subject":"Initiative for Open Citations adoption","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Encourage further adoption by publishers of the Initiative for Open Citations (NOTE:  Initiative for Open Citations.) (I4OC) in conjunction with the wider uptake of open standards.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1673/c44","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/3730a18b94344730","nativeRecordCid":"624f64c3-5d0f-401c-b35d-d06512c3131b","documentId":"osft-doc-1673","id":"c44","text":"Open standards should be more widely adopted.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"publishers","subject":"open standards adoption","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Encourage further adoption by publishers of the Initiative for Open Citations (NOTE:  Initiative for Open Citations.) (I4OC) in conjunction with the wider uptake of open standards.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1673/c45","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/6c8fd97aec1b44b8","nativeRecordCid":"c67dca24-8828-4598-a80d-7995269a2375","documentId":"osft-doc-1673","id":"c45","text":"Research institutes that lack an Open Access repository should launch and maintain one or use an existing resource.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"research institutes","subject":"Open Access repository provision","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"For research institutes that currently lack them, either launch and maintain an Open Access repository or find an existing resource to use, and adopt an Open Access policy (NOTE:  Good practices for university open-access policies, Harvard University.). Make these easily discoverable and accessible on the institutional website.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1673/c46","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/d31ee791db214e43","nativeRecordCid":"4c85909f-99e9-4093-89a0-a7b180cdd1a7","documentId":"osft-doc-1673","id":"c46","text":"Research institutes should adopt an Open Access policy.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"research institutes","subject":"Open Access policy adoption","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"For research institutes that currently lack them, either launch and maintain an Open Access repository or find an existing resource to use, and adopt an Open Access policy (NOTE:  Good practices for university open-access policies, Harvard University.). Make these easily discoverable and accessible on the institutional website.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1673/c47","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/426cfd6910f74604","nativeRecordCid":"a855797f-1772-497d-a24a-c54789a6ac94","documentId":"osft-doc-1673","id":"c47","text":"Open Access repositories and policies should be made easily discoverable and accessible on the institutional website.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"research institutes","subject":"discoverability of OA repositories/policies","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"For research institutes that currently lack them, either launch and maintain an Open Access repository or find an existing resource to use, and adopt an Open Access policy (NOTE:  Good practices for university open-access policies, Harvard University.). Make these easily discoverable and accessible on the institutional website.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1673/c48","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/8c45e4d608cd4048","nativeRecordCid":"07745d47-47c7-41b9-a668-b0bdcdff0446","documentId":"osft-doc-1673","id":"c48","text":"Research institutes should promote and compensate time and effort spent on training and advocacy for the various aspects of Open Scholarship.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"research institutes","subject":"promotion/compensation of Open Scholarship training","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Promote and compensate time and effort spent on training and advocacy for the various aspects of Open Scholarship, including Open Source, Open Access, and Open Education.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1673/c49","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/712532227c0f4ad6","nativeRecordCid":"3ad63f68-ca77-46fe-9594-b0f2790a31f1","documentId":"osft-doc-1673","id":"c49","text":"Research institutes should develop and advertise quantifiable incentives for sharing preprints, open data, reproducible analyses, and Open Access in hiring, promotion, and tenure decisions.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"research institutes","subject":"incentives for open practices in hiring/promotion/tenure","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Engage with research communities to develop and advertise quantifiable incentives for sharing preprints, open data, reproducible analyses, and OA in hiring, promotion, and tenure decisions.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1673/c50","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/2d5ed5cc95e241f6","nativeRecordCid":"56238659-e7f8-462f-a0f2-e93b7bddc1ba","documentId":"osft-doc-1673","id":"c50","text":"Research institutes should define new ways of describing researchers' wider contributions to scientific communities.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"research institutes","subject":"describing wider scientific contributions","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Define new ways of describing these wider contributions to scientific communities.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1673/c51","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/e7c9e44cbc2b49c4","nativeRecordCid":"a32e024b-af0f-4ac8-89e5-ddfd068a420c","documentId":"osft-doc-1673","id":"c51","text":"National-level actors should create new or support existing international library consortia to cooperate on infrastructure developments.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"national-level actors","subject":"international library consortia","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Create new or support/contact existing international library consortia/collaborations (e.g., the International Coalition of Library Consortia (NOTE:  International Coalition of Library Consortia. )) to co-operate on infrastructure developments","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1673/c52","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/b288bcb858914d6b","nativeRecordCid":"bec09f01-c011-4b9f-8030-2ff73478c67e","documentId":"osft-doc-1673","id":"c52","text":"Consortia like Projekt DEAL could provide examples of how to take the first step towards national-level cooperation on library infrastructure.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"Projekt DEAL as example","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Consortia like Projekt DEAL could provide examples of how to take the first step towards this at a national level.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1673/c53","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/1d9d0dab35fb4874","nativeRecordCid":"26628951-933a-4345-9830-d17be3ad8173","documentId":"osft-doc-1673","id":"c53","text":"Support from SPARC would be useful for such national-level library infrastructure developments.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"SPARC support","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Support from SPARC for any such developments would also be useful.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1673/c54","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/9e42f9d7297845cc","nativeRecordCid":"50c3a819-86aa-4aa7-b07e-c6bb43afff5a","documentId":"osft-doc-1673","id":"c54","text":"OpenAIRE could provide interoperability resolutions to institutional repositories, particularly in the European area.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"OpenAIRE interoperability resolutions","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Particularly for the European area and with a focus on the long tail of science, [OpenAIRE](https://www.openaire.eu/) could provide interoperability resolutions to institutional repositories and enhance their outputs visibility.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1673/c55","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/360679017aa24de7","nativeRecordCid":"0bda13fc-61d0-4ce0-87e8-53da510f4549","documentId":"osft-doc-1673","id":"c55","text":"OpenAIRE could enhance the outputs visibility of institutional repositories, particularly in the European area.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"OpenAIRE and repository visibility","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Particularly for the European area and with a focus on the long tail of science, [OpenAIRE](https://www.openaire.eu/) could provide interoperability resolutions to institutional repositories and enhance their outputs visibility.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1673/c56","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/580cd02284db45b6","nativeRecordCid":"9270a74e-1d50-4c8f-9fe4-b6b4303cc644","documentId":"osft-doc-1673","id":"c56","text":"National-level actors should build on faculty and funder support for Open Access and related quality assurance initiatives that are decoupled from journals.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"national-level actors","subject":"OA quality assurance initiatives","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Build on faculty and funder support for OA and related quality assurance initiatives (e.g., peer review) that are decoupled from journals.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1673/c57","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/8d331a7c6be94a55","nativeRecordCid":"3fa19ccd-eae1-4aad-b122-692d924d0724","documentId":"osft-doc-1673","id":"c57","text":"A governance structure for a world-wide scholarly infrastructure should be agreed upon.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"national-level actors","subject":"world-wide scholarly infrastructure governance","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Agree on a governance structure for a world-wide scholarly infrastructure. (e.g., [W3C](https://www.w3.org/)).","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1673/c58","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/cfbef4daf97d4187","nativeRecordCid":"4c3a532b-1c36-475f-a779-99d4dd6d6998","documentId":"osft-doc-1673","id":"c58","text":"National-level actors should create scholarly standards to implement an alternative scholarly publishing platform.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"national-level actors","subject":"alternative scholarly publishing platform standards","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Create scholarly standards to implement an alternative scholarly publishing platform/environment (using the funds freed from subscriptions, building on existing repositories/environments).","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1673/c59","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/48d69c81deb94e79","nativeRecordCid":"115044fa-e5a5-4ebb-a031-ec5143356cf1","documentId":"osft-doc-1673","id":"c59","text":"National-level actors should support collaborations that help build richer connectivity between systems and communities.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"national-level actors","subject":"collaborations for systems/community connectivity","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Support collaborations such as Metadata 2020 (NOTE:  Metadata 2020 (http://www.metadata2020.org/, accessed January 2018).), [NISO](http://www.niso.org/)/[NIST](https://www.nist.gov/), and [eLife](https://elifesciences.org/), to help build a richer connectivity between systems and communities.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1673/c60","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/9a63cad9626746da","nativeRecordCid":"3330774a-3974-45fe-a4d6-b3b8733a0503","documentId":"osft-doc-1673","id":"c60","text":"National-level actors should take action against the privatisation of scholarly works and processes.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"national-level actors","subject":"privatisation of scholarly works","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Take action against the privatisation of scholarly works and processes in order to achieve transformation of the publishing industry into one comprised of fair licensing, fair market competition, and under the ownership of the scholarly community.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1673/c61","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/0eab86537f46439a","nativeRecordCid":"11f25226-6b46-472d-9cfa-5ca5a30d29e7","documentId":"osft-doc-1673","id":"c61","text":"National-level actors should create a cost-effectiveness analysis of Open Scholarship.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"national-level actors","subject":"cost-effectiveness analysis of Open Scholarship","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Create a cost-effectiveness analysis of Open Scholarship (e.g., true cost of article publishing) to be used as the basis for an argument about how much taxpayer money it costs every year to delay decisions in the above areas.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1673/c62","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/3d391fee9eaf4968","nativeRecordCid":"5de289eb-9604-44c0-b9ff-5ba31e914fed","documentId":"osft-doc-1673","id":"c62","text":"National-level actors should implement currently available sort, filter, and search/discovery technology across scholarship outputs.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"national-level actors","subject":"discovery technology for scholarship outputs","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Implement currently available sort, filter and search/discovery technology across scholarship outputs.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1673/c63","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/f8007709af7e4b2c","nativeRecordCid":"a64c4436-ce23-418f-af31-17de3a7188a2","documentId":"osft-doc-1673","id":"c63","text":"Research funders and libraries hold most of the purse strings in scholarly infrastructure funding.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"funders' and libraries' financial power","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Research funders and libraries hold most of the purse strings, and further engagement on this front is essential, especially in defining their relative roles in developing or funding scholarly infrastructure.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1673/c64","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/5008cc794b5c434e","nativeRecordCid":"20d37d75-5e89-4cf4-add6-1c78dc4b74b2","documentId":"osft-doc-1673","id":"c64","text":"Further engagement in defining the relative roles of research funders and libraries in developing or funding scholarly infrastructure must occur.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"research funders and libraries","subject":"engagement on infrastructure roles","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Research funders and libraries hold most of the purse strings, and further engagement on this front is essential, especially in defining their relative roles in developing or funding scholarly infrastructure.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1673/c65","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/85c9dff9b57c4fa5","nativeRecordCid":"158e2a4f-8974-4773-9539-ea2aee13dd68","documentId":"osft-doc-1673","id":"c65","text":"Channeling more money into the existing scholarly system, with its perverse incentives and skewed power dynamics, is no longer sustainable for research.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"sustainability of existing funding system","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Simply channeling more money into the existing system, with perverse incentives and skewed power dynamics, is clearly no longer sustainable for research.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1673/c66","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/7f3a5fbf41594095","nativeRecordCid":"dc4f4a1c-7774-470d-9d9d-4601263859a7","documentId":"osft-doc-1673","id":"c66","text":"Research funders should diversify the portfolio of what is considered a research output for assessment purposes.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"research funders","subject":"diversifying research output types","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Encourage research funders to diversify the portfolio of what is considered as a research output for assessment purposes.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1673/c67","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/df1d7cd428fd4372","nativeRecordCid":"2328337a-cf7b-4a95-99f0-3eedaad07c19","documentId":"osft-doc-1673","id":"c67","text":"Preprint and Open Access policies similar to those at the NIH, the Wellcome Trust, and the European Commission should be more widely adopted.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"national-level actors","subject":"preprint and OA policy adoption","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Wider adoption of preprint and OA policies similar to those at the NIH, the Wellcome Trust and the European Commission.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1673/c68","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/f65a6ecb0d88425a","nativeRecordCid":"bbd095c7-d422-4c52-8800-dc096a39cddf","documentId":"osft-doc-1673","id":"c68","text":"Article-processing charges in hybrid titles should be reduced to match the market average for OA-only journals.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"national-level actors","subject":"hybrid journal APC reduction","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"A reduction of article-processing charges (APCs) in hybrid titles to match the market average for OA-only journals.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1673/c69","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/533d7ee6fe6340ff","nativeRecordCid":"f1220cb9-0b76-4b3a-8044-0559de6027dc","documentId":"osft-doc-1673","id":"c69","text":"The scholarly publishing market might require a detailed government-level investigation to stabilise it.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"government investigation of publishing market","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The scholarly publishing market might require a detailed government-level investigation in order to stabilise this.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1673/c70","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/b8cce93134b9410f","nativeRecordCid":"2d766bb1-5fce-4225-8dbc-0dbbd2ba8770","documentId":"osft-doc-1673","id":"c70","text":"ORCID should be mandated for researchers across all research outputs.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"national-level actors","subject":"ORCID mandate","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Mandating ORCID for researchers across all research outputs to help assist in the identification of authors across the entire research literature, and easier research discoverability.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1673/c71","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/c669e37660ae48f3","nativeRecordCid":"f65de7e7-7647-4635-bd2d-777d79dba525","documentId":"osft-doc-1673","id":"c71","text":"Offsetting agreements for hybrid titles should be mandated where subscriptions have not yet expired, to reduce double-dipping.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"national-level actors","subject":"offsetting agreements for hybrid titles","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Where subscriptions have not yet expired, mandating offsetting agreements for hybrid titles in order to reduce double-dipping.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1673/c72","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/a2ab8585687a48b6","nativeRecordCid":"047a3aeb-407a-4eff-8c93-5e516cc92717","documentId":"osft-doc-1673","id":"c72","text":"Offsetting deals that are in place can be streamlined and standardised across sectors to reduce administrative burden.","kind":"normative","modality":"may","actor":"national-level actors","subject":"streamlining offsetting deals","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Where offsetting deals are in place, these can be streamlined and standardised across sectors to reduce administrative burden.","representedInStars":true}
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{"key":"osft-doc-1673/c75","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/9a9abea8f8ee455e","nativeRecordCid":"abe0b5a0-5b05-4de9-ae9f-976446417fc5","documentId":"osft-doc-1673","id":"c75","text":"Engagement with the UK Scholarly Communications License would reduce the cost spent on hybrid APCs.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"effects of UK SCL engagement","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"For scholarly publishers to engage with the new UK Scholarly Communications License (SCL). This would reduce the time spent on embargo processing, the cost spent on hybrid APCs, and for researchers in the UK, help them to comply with the RCUK open access policy","representedInStars":false}
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{"key":"osft-doc-1673/c82","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/c50a868a1a304901","nativeRecordCid":"08f1c797-1e98-4d35-a431-73bfbea3447f","documentId":"osft-doc-1673","id":"c82","text":"OpenAIRE National Open Access Desks are already working on creating national open scholarship showcases.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"OpenAIRE NOADs' activity","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"OpenAIRE [National Open Access Desks (NOADs)](https://www.openaire.eu/contact-noads) already working on that and could provide input and facilitate communication between all stakeholders towards establishing national guides of sorts.","representedInStars":false}
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{"key":"osft-doc-1673/c88","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/943a1451c07e4246","nativeRecordCid":"253f8501-8354-4377-b7fe-f60036910c63","documentId":"osft-doc-1673","id":"c88","text":"The European Open Science Cloud aims to create a safe environment with federated services and tools for Open Science.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"European Open Science Cloud's aim","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The [European Open Science Cloud (EOSC)](https://ec.europa.eu/research/openscience/index.cfm?pg=open-science-cloud) aims at creating a safe environment with federated services and tools for Open Science.","representedInStars":true}
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{"key":"osft-doc-1673/c95","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/de815986f01a409d","nativeRecordCid":"2b941fb4-67ed-427a-b467-7e44d78934e2","documentId":"osft-doc-1673","id":"c95","text":"Recommended career metrics that incentivize open data publication, open source software release, and research support should be formulated.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"national-level actors","subject":"career metrics for open practices","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Formulation of recommended career metrics that incentivize open data publication, open source software release, and research support.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1673/c96","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/c34780442bd9459a","nativeRecordCid":"a2635ce3-7315-412f-97d0-5398d02c46d7","documentId":"osft-doc-1673","id":"c96","text":"Hybrid journals that attain a higher proportion of open access over subscription articles should be encouraged to flip to pure open access with an APC reflecting the journal's running costs.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"national-level actors","subject":"flipping hybrid journals to OA","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"For any remaining hybrid journals that attain a higher proportion of open access over subscription articles, encourage them to ‘flip’ to pure open access with an APC that reflects the running costs of the journal.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1673/c97","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/07ebee692e2e45bc","nativeRecordCid":"67cda11a-ee41-4407-9b75-2d446b04bb30","documentId":"osft-doc-1673","id":"c97","text":"Publication of Open Access articles in hybrid journals that have not attained a higher proportion of open access should not be supported.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"national-level actors","subject":"support for OA articles in non-flipped hybrid journals","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"For remaining hybrid journals that have not attained this level, refuse to support publication of OA articles in those venues.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1673/c98","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/e3b73320f7c640d4","nativeRecordCid":"b66100aa-8639-49f5-845f-1e818186c737","documentId":"osft-doc-1673","id":"c98","text":"Funding for outreach, especially to underrepresented minorities, should be increased.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"national-level actors","subject":"outreach funding","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Increase funding for outreach, especially to underrepresented minorities.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1673/c99","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/9b01598870924073","nativeRecordCid":"082a1510-1beb-4339-a6c9-86ff84450778","documentId":"osft-doc-1673","id":"c99","text":"Individual researchers should support the training of junior researchers in the usage of newly formed scholarly infrastructure tools and services.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"individual researchers","subject":"training junior researchers on infrastructure tools","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Support the training of junior researchers in the usage of newly formed scholarly infrastructure tools and services.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1673/c100","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/7699ced9d7df450f","nativeRecordCid":"a24bad54-074c-4bf6-9185-65aaeb875762","documentId":"osft-doc-1673","id":"c100","text":"Individual researchers should teach students and early career researchers about open lab notebooks, version control, continuous analysis, and other aspects of Open Scholarship in introductory research courses.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"individual researchers","subject":"teaching Open Scholarship in intro courses","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Teach students and early career researchers about open lab notebooks, version control, continuous analysis, and other aspects of Open Scholarship processes in introductory research courses.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1673/c101","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/27847d25f6a64e9e","nativeRecordCid":"13989efe-a42f-4394-a8b1-790493d55da0","documentId":"osft-doc-1673","id":"c101","text":"The Carpentries could support training of early career researchers in foundational coding and data science skills.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"The Carpentries' training role","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"[The Carpentries](https://carpentries.org/) could support training of early career researchers on foundational coding and data science skills.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1673/c102","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/f7a65dca013a4d46","nativeRecordCid":"b91e9dc4-d7dc-449f-8883-7937b42cc698","documentId":"osft-doc-1673","id":"c102","text":"The RDA Early Career and Engagement Interest Group could accommodate students' and junior researchers' needs on Open Science matters through its Mentorship Programme and other activities.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"RDA ECEIG's role","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The [RDA Early Career and Engagement Interest Group](https://www.rd-alliance.org/groups/early-career-and-engagement-ig) could also accommodate students and junior researchers needs on Open Science matters through its Mentorship Programme and other activities.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1673/c103","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/427f9a0f7fca46be","nativeRecordCid":"1b80893f-897c-4a4f-b551-ca9a032f6222","documentId":"osft-doc-1673","id":"c103","text":"Individual researchers should develop open educational resources for further Open Scholarship development.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"individual researchers","subject":"open educational resources","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Develop training material (OER) for further Open Scholarship development.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1673/c104","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/f1b43aba2c2d454e","nativeRecordCid":"c01b9099-f171-4939-8f17-33119ca7a404","documentId":"osft-doc-1673","id":"c104","text":"Research groups should communicate the advantages or impact of adopting Open Scholarship workflows to other groups.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"research groups (labs, departments)","subject":"communicating Open Scholarship workflow impact","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Communicate the advantages or impact of adopting Open Scholarship workflows to other groups.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1673/c105","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/a3e6f5142eb44e1d","nativeRecordCid":"fc62254d-9004-4d50-827c-c8057ef3ed49","documentId":"osft-doc-1673","id":"c105","text":"Research institutes should establish a permanent fund for open source software development, APCs, preprint servers, and other Open Scholarship costs.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"research institutes","subject":"permanent Open Scholarship fund","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Establish a permanent fund to be used towards open source software development, APCs, preprint servers, and other costs related to Open Scholarship.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1673/c106","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/080f48cb6be94d20","nativeRecordCid":"dc4a2c07-0266-4957-9140-e6e82b756288","documentId":"osft-doc-1673","id":"c106","text":"All research outputs should be incentivized and mandated to be published in Open Access, whether Green repositories or Gold journals and other digital/electronic platforms.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"research institutes","subject":"mandating Open Access publication","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Incentivize and mandate all research outputs to be published in Open Access, Green (repositories) or Gold (journals or other digital/electronic platforms).","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1673/c107","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/85c92237b8f64ad1","nativeRecordCid":"0ca9713f-d79f-4a99-b4aa-35775a04e747","documentId":"osft-doc-1673","id":"c107","text":"Research institutes should incentivize junior scholars to practice openness in their research.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"research institutes","subject":"incentivizing openness among junior scholars","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Incentivize junior scholars to practice openness in their research.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1673/c108","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/bdf67e944cae46dc","nativeRecordCid":"09ff3fa6-d1b6-414f-84e6-f9c59a022f6e","documentId":"osft-doc-1673","id":"c108","text":"Innovative solutions and functionalities that do not exist today should be developed.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"national-level policymakers","subject":"innovative solutions and functionalities","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Develop innovative solutions and functionalities that do not exist today.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1673/c109","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/44364d16f22c4ded","nativeRecordCid":"9473c6a9-b946-48df-a332-c412d24eb271","documentId":"osft-doc-1673","id":"c109","text":"Government-funded research should be published in Open Access journals or other open platforms or repositories.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"national-level policymakers","subject":"government-funded research","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Require government-funded research to be published in Open Access journals or other Open platforms or repositories.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1673/c110","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/7f63f26a72f7440d","nativeRecordCid":"659612c1-c3ef-45bb-b515-a1cdf8814769","documentId":"osft-doc-1673","id":"c110","text":"Penalties should be applied to those who do not conform to the open access mandate.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"national-level policymakers","subject":"non-conformance with open access mandate","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Apply penalties for those who do not conform to the mandate.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1673/c111","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/8591fec4e4cb416b","nativeRecordCid":"eed08829-08f5-42f9-9b20-722fd0b7123c","documentId":"osft-doc-1673","id":"c111","text":"The \"publish or perish\" pressure should be eliminated by focusing on more diverse research outputs and processes for evaluation and assessment.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"national-level policymakers","subject":"'publish or perish' pressure","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Eliminate the \"publish or perish\" pressure by focusing on more diverse research outputs and processes for evaluation and assessment criteria.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1673/c112","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/7b2dcbe4654f442e","nativeRecordCid":"c3389452-1097-49d3-a51a-b564adf113fc","documentId":"osft-doc-1673","id":"c112","text":"Researchers should be helped to take control of the research and evaluation processes based on what they believe will contribute most to scientific progress.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"national-level policymakers","subject":"researchers' control of processes","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Help researchers to take control of the research and evaluation processes based on what they believe will contribute most to scientific progress.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1673/c113","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/80e50d79ae6f475d","nativeRecordCid":"bad86b12-591d-4a5d-bd1a-c1b4c7552d86","documentId":"osft-doc-1673","id":"c113","text":"The movement for Open Scholarship has evolved from a collection of small, localized efforts to a broad international network of institutions, organizations, governments, practitioners, advocates, and funders.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"Open Scholarship movement","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"For more than two decades, the movement for Open Scholarship has evolved from a collection of small, localized efforts to a broad international network of institutions, organizations, governments, practitioners, advocates, and funders.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1673/c114","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/eb6efb9299af4c1b","nativeRecordCid":"2a0ba27c-6296-4625-8aa4-9bb4089633f0","documentId":"osft-doc-1673","id":"c114","text":"Significant progress has been made in expanding the understanding and practice of Open Scholarship.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"Open Scholarship understanding and practice","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"While significant progress has been made on both expanding the understanding and practice of Open Scholarship","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1673/c115","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/91babd6d13d74f29","nativeRecordCid":"3788ee88-6c16-44ef-8d5d-abf15f3843dd","documentId":"osft-doc-1673","id":"c115","text":"Open Scholarship practices and values are not yet the norm in most disciplines.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"Open Scholarship practices and values","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Open Scholarship practices and values are not yet the norm in most disciplines and adoption is spread unevenly around the world","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1673/c116","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/883de74b92954601","nativeRecordCid":"ad92b2b6-1adb-4676-b622-7b1db08140c8","documentId":"osft-doc-1673","id":"c116","text":"Adoption of Open Scholarship is spread unevenly around the world.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"Open Scholarship adoption","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Open Scholarship practices and values are not yet the norm in most disciplines and adoption is spread unevenly around the world","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1673/c117","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/3fa3290982434789","nativeRecordCid":"a7e4bbdc-2cd5-4adf-acda-2c6d2e25f9a2","documentId":"osft-doc-1673","id":"c117","text":"Open Scholarship refers to the process of research as practiced in any scholarly research discipline.","kind":"definitional","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"Open Scholarship definition","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"In this document we consider the term \"Open Scholarship\" to broadly refer to the process, communication, and re-use of research as practiced in any scholarly research discipline, and its inclusion and role within wider society.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1673/c118","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/dc28c91b072e4255","nativeRecordCid":"17c707df-c3a8-4961-a980-716d8142b8f2","documentId":"osft-doc-1673","id":"c118","text":"Open Scholarship refers to the communication of research as practiced in any scholarly research discipline.","kind":"definitional","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"Open Scholarship definition","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"In this document we consider the term \"Open Scholarship\" to broadly refer to the process, communication, and re-use of research as practiced in any scholarly research discipline, and its inclusion and role within wider society.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1673/c119","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/39825992d1884ea1","nativeRecordCid":"8a422ebd-1c72-4c1d-a450-216857a0d119","documentId":"osft-doc-1673","id":"c119","text":"Open Scholarship refers to the re-use of research as practiced in any scholarly research discipline.","kind":"definitional","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"Open Scholarship definition","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"In this document we consider the term \"Open Scholarship\" to broadly refer to the process, communication, and re-use of research as practiced in any scholarly research discipline, and its inclusion and role within wider society.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1673/c120","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/37493afd22aa4c34","nativeRecordCid":"f1cd7900-9769-450a-9a11-954a66e352c6","documentId":"osft-doc-1673","id":"c120","text":"Open Scholarship refers to its inclusion and role within wider society.","kind":"definitional","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"Open Scholarship definition","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"In this document we consider the term \"Open Scholarship\" to broadly refer to the process, communication, and re-use of research as practiced in any scholarly research discipline, and its inclusion and role within wider society.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1673/c121","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/b9c5da5c0fea469f","nativeRecordCid":"7ffacaea-7253-4547-83e2-b74ad82351c2","documentId":"osft-doc-1673","id":"c121","text":"There have been dozens of declarations, charters, and statements about the priorities of Open Scholarship over time.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"Open Scholarship declarations and charters","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Through time, there have been dozens of [declarations](http://oad.simmons.edu/oadwiki/Declarations_in_support_of_OA), [charters](https://docs.google.com/spreadsheets/d/1-aRXFiRg-VL9hpLpxoJqX6-OC-A0R2oCogHfIx52Nug/edit#gid=956616118), and statements about the priorities of Open Scholarship.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1673/c122","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/ad92f3cbab124e60","nativeRecordCid":"7d5d6fe4-8382-496a-8d14-eff4117f80e1","documentId":"osft-doc-1673","id":"c122","text":"There are numerous competing, parallel, or overlapping definitions of what Open Scholarship comprises in terms of both research principles and practice.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"definitions of Open Scholarship","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The result of this is that there are now numerous competing, parallel, or overlapping definitions of what Open Scholarship comprises in terms of both research principles and practice, which aim to encapsulate the movement towards fostering scientific growth alongside public access.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1673/c123","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/4f3b9368833e4cec","nativeRecordCid":"bfda8fda-fb07-43be-860e-b9172d417c7c","documentId":"osft-doc-1673","id":"c123","text":"Open Scholarship is analogous to a 'boundary object' that is flexibly adaptive, interpreted differently across communities, but with enough immutable content to maintain integrity.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"Open Scholarship as boundary object","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Herein, we consider Open Scholarship to be analogous to a ‘boundary object’, in that it is flexibly adaptive, interpreted differently across communities but with enough immutable content to maintain integrity.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1673/c124","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/e38912719eae4077","nativeRecordCid":"73e06a96-570a-42ad-b2ad-0ebd9def856a","documentId":"osft-doc-1673","id":"c124","text":"Previous foundational works have been crucial for building a central identity for the global Open Scholarship community.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"previous foundational works","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"These previous works have been, and remain to be, crucial for building a central identity for the global Open Scholarship community, communicating the case for Open Scholarship to wider society, and providing a basis to push the global movement forward.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1673/c125","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/f00d860350c74160","nativeRecordCid":"cbd95b09-4c96-4e7d-bf0a-0e06cc83fcdc","documentId":"osft-doc-1673","id":"c125","text":"Previous foundational works have been crucial for communicating the case for Open Scholarship to wider society.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"previous foundational works","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"These previous works have been, and remain to be, crucial for building a central identity for the global Open Scholarship community, communicating the case for Open Scholarship to wider society, and providing a basis to push the global movement forward.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1673/c126","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/af8c292d71a34b37","nativeRecordCid":"0d7583a8-f9cd-4e21-b179-27970f3e0ace","documentId":"osft-doc-1673","id":"c126","text":"Previous foundational works have been crucial for providing a basis to push the global Open Scholarship movement forward.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"previous foundational works","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"These previous works have been, and remain to be, crucial for building a central identity for the global Open Scholarship community, communicating the case for Open Scholarship to wider society, and providing a basis to push the global movement forward.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1673/c127","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/c647af08e3104207","nativeRecordCid":"fc88dc5d-a17a-4d65-bafb-e9325a5f9985","documentId":"osft-doc-1673","id":"c127","text":"A movement is a group of people working together to advance their shared political, social, or artistic ideas.","kind":"definitional","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"definition of a movement","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"A movement can be defined as \"a group of people working together to advance their shared political, social, or artistic ideas.\"","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1673/c128","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/2b8ec03a9c4b4802","nativeRecordCid":"20014e62-4ca1-45ab-b35e-cb2d20d00948","documentId":"osft-doc-1673","id":"c128","text":"Open Scholarship supporters are enormously diverse.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"Open Scholarship supporters","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Open Scholarship supporters are enormously diverse, including non-academic citizens, activists, faculty and students at a range of academic or career levels as well as research institutes, publishers, librarians, policymakers, and NGOs.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1673/c129","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/42a272f88b6e4a50","nativeRecordCid":"2d6d03f7-352d-484d-81df-9bfbae7dd0e4","documentId":"osft-doc-1673","id":"c129","text":"Open Scholarship community members come from countries around the globe and a range of socio-economic situations.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"Open Scholarship community members","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"These community members come from countries around the globe and a range of socio-economic situations.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1673/c130","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/3ef20f266dff455d","nativeRecordCid":"693c7b01-d87d-4f52-becd-fa2dcf89d3c7","documentId":"osft-doc-1673","id":"c130","text":"Diversity is a strength for the Open Scholarship movement by bringing a wide variety of perspectives, experiences, capacities, and resources.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"diversity in Open Scholarship movement","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"While this diversity is a strength for the Open Scholarship movement by bringing a wide variety of perspectives, experiences, capacities, and resources, it also presents challenges for setting strategic direction and building shared plans.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1673/c131","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/852fc097e7b24f05","nativeRecordCid":"609911c1-59c1-4f2b-8fcb-db2bd40af34a","documentId":"osft-doc-1673","id":"c131","text":"Diversity presents challenges for setting strategic direction and building shared plans in the Open Scholarship movement.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"diversity in Open Scholarship movement","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"While this diversity is a strength for the Open Scholarship movement by bringing a wide variety of perspectives, experiences, capacities, and resources, it also presents challenges for setting strategic direction and building shared plans.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1673/c132","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/8dce8402c95747d6","nativeRecordCid":"3144e83a-e4d4-44ad-a3e1-a901ebf693b9","documentId":"osft-doc-1673","id":"c132","text":"Open Scholarship stakeholders share the belief that increased adoption of Open Scholarship practices is a 'good thing'.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"stakeholder belief on Open Scholarship adoption","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Perhaps the most widespread commonality between Open Scholarship stakeholders is the belief that increased adoption of Open Scholarship practices is a ‘good thing’, and that it would bring wider benefits to the research community, environment, global economies and society.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1673/c133","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/d69aedc8934a4601","nativeRecordCid":"6d9ff637-0129-49bf-b814-0699457ee0cc","documentId":"osft-doc-1673","id":"c133","text":"Increased adoption of Open Scholarship practices would bring wider benefits to the research community, environment, global economies, and society.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"benefits of Open Scholarship adoption","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Perhaps the most widespread commonality between Open Scholarship stakeholders is the belief that increased adoption of Open Scholarship practices is a ‘good thing’, and that it would bring wider benefits to the research community, environment, global economies and society.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1673/c134","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/c305cfec4b8a4fa1","nativeRecordCid":"8d5c6be1-e0f5-491c-872e-18b42350d2f4","documentId":"osft-doc-1673","id":"c134","text":"Open Scholarship makes research outputs and scholarly practices more accessible and inclusive.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"effect of Open Scholarship","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Open Scholarship makes research outputs and scholarly practices more accessible and inclusive, and expands our horizons on what is possible from the process of scholarly research.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1673/c135","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/150044faacd14c17","nativeRecordCid":"31ee2312-d338-46bb-8ac1-45ae2bfdc427","documentId":"osft-doc-1673","id":"c135","text":"Open Scholarship expands horizons on what is possible from the process of scholarly research.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"effect of Open Scholarship","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Open Scholarship makes research outputs and scholarly practices more accessible and inclusive, and expands our horizons on what is possible from the process of scholarly research.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1673/c136","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/3fb1e621bffa4fda","nativeRecordCid":"124182bc-49d2-4eee-a1fe-f8e9cee02389","documentId":"osft-doc-1673","id":"c136","text":"Research practices and scholarly communications are constantly evolving.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"research practices and scholarly communications","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Research practices and scholarly communications are constantly evolving.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1673/c137","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/a4c092604a214692","nativeRecordCid":"c6e2a989-7d1b-4f9b-8a26-20248316f474","documentId":"osft-doc-1673","id":"c137","text":"The Web was originally designed to disrupt the hierarchical approach of information management through decentralisation of scholarly communications.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"original design of the Web","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"the Web was originally designed around 30 years ago to disrupt the hierarchical approach of information management by the decentralisation of scholarly communications ([Berners-Lee, 1989](https://www.w3.org/History/1989/proposal.html))","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1673/c138","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/c90d722c425a4452","nativeRecordCid":"a60e9501-9dfc-461d-bff7-71f42ca94774","documentId":"osft-doc-1673","id":"c138","text":"The pervasive spread of the Web has left much of the pre-existing scholarly publication model and industry unchanged.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"scholarly publication model and industry","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"the pervasive spread of the Web has left much of the pre-existing scholarly publication model and industry unchanged.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1673/c139","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/4cc7c901ff2f4df4","nativeRecordCid":"397ef0d5-a8f1-481c-86ad-8892e93031ea","documentId":"osft-doc-1673","id":"c139","text":"The slow rate of change in scholarly communication can possibly be attributed to the wide range of diverse stakeholders engaged in this domain and the deep entrenchment of interests and positions.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"slow rate of change in scholarly communication","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Such a perceived slow rate of change or inertia can possibly be attributed to the wide range of diverse stakeholders engaged in this domain, and the deep entrenchment of interests and positions.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1673/c140","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/20cf63210b7e4bf0","nativeRecordCid":"19cd2a4b-8802-4315-b5a5-bfe54d8b6e96","documentId":"osft-doc-1673","id":"c140","text":"Scholarly communication processes need to increasingly embrace the power of Web-native technologies.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"","subject":"scholarly communication processes","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"As such, one common perspective is that scholarly communication processes need to increasingly embrace the power of Web-native technologies.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1673/c141","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/66bc3babeadd41c1","nativeRecordCid":"8f2f0e01-53c4-4295-baa0-d4eb6c874611","documentId":"osft-doc-1673","id":"c141","text":"Open Scholarship is broadly agreed to be the alignment of the Web-native ideal with the process of research itself.","kind":"definitional","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"definition of Open Scholarship","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Alignment of this ideal with the process of research itself is what is broadly agreed on as Open Scholarship, and there has been an undeniable explosion in the rate of innovation in scholarly communication in this in the last 30 years.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1673/c142","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/d72dbb08f6b845b9","nativeRecordCid":"a6c73462-cbe6-4ee3-9c81-6e1b79d4469e","documentId":"osft-doc-1673","id":"c142","text":"There has been an undeniable explosion in the rate of innovation in scholarly communication in the last 30 years.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"innovation in scholarly communication","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Alignment of this ideal with the process of research itself is what is broadly agreed on as Open Scholarship, and there has been an undeniable explosion in the rate of innovation in scholarly communication in this in the last 30 years.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1673/c143","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/0b43913267044a46","nativeRecordCid":"bcfc33dc-907f-4ec7-9a8a-2b13b92d8f7e","documentId":"osft-doc-1673","id":"c143","text":"Educational resources and research outputs should be accessible free of charge to all publics who wish to benefit from them.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"","subject":"educational resources and research outputs","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The primary vision here, and one which we are optimistic of achieving, is that educational resources and research outputs, as a global societal common good should be accessible free of charge to all publics who wish to benefit from them, and integrated into wider society.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1673/c144","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/32fb33e50c3448de","nativeRecordCid":"4b181038-7942-47e4-b9e1-4b6258847455","documentId":"osft-doc-1673","id":"c144","text":"Educational resources and research outputs should be integrated into wider society.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"","subject":"educational resources and research outputs","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The primary vision here, and one which we are optimistic of achieving, is that educational resources and research outputs, as a global societal common good should be accessible free of charge to all publics who wish to benefit from them, and integrated into wider society.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1673/c145","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/1f4132a0e36249f0","nativeRecordCid":"19f938e4-e644-4218-942e-741a4f54e8f0","documentId":"osft-doc-1673","id":"c145","text":"Open Scholarship, when performed as a boundary object, allows the balancing of different categories and meanings across many communities of practice.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"Open Scholarship as boundary object","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Open Scholarship when performed (NOTE:  According to Bowker & Star (2000), scientific work is always composed of members of different communities of practice, and therefore the creation and management of boundary objects is a key process in developing and maintaining coherence across intersecting communities.\n\t\t\t\t\t\n\t ) as a boundary object ([Star, 1989](http://www.lchc.ucsd.edu/MCA/Mail/xmcamail.2012_08.dir/pdfMrgHgzULhA.pdf)) allows us to balance different categories and meanings across many communities of practice ([Star and Griesemer, 1989](http://www.lchc.ucsd.edu/MCA/Mail/xmcamail.2012_08.dir/pdfMrgHgzULhA.pdf)).","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1673/c146","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/b7f63a9615d54219","nativeRecordCid":"ad385139-6c97-4ed4-8c01-8f3e2fcd4dc9","documentId":"osft-doc-1673","id":"c146","text":"The core aspects of Open Scholarship include practices.","kind":"definitional","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"core aspects of Open Scholarship","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Broadly, the core aspects of Open Scholarship can be divided into two major categories: practices and principles.","representedInStars":true}
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{"key":"osft-doc-1673/c148","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/cd3e8b55cceb414f","nativeRecordCid":"85568aa2-8409-44f8-831b-67f0957e65c9","documentId":"osft-doc-1673","id":"c148","text":"The core principles of Open Scholarship include participation.","kind":"definitional","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"core principles of Open Scholarship","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The core principles of Open Scholarship include participation, equality, transparency, cognitive justice (NOTE:  https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cognitive_justice ), collaboration, sharing, equity, and inclusivity.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1673/c149","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/c689682d2805466b","nativeRecordCid":"d86fb443-d688-4462-82c1-051a72706e90","documentId":"osft-doc-1673","id":"c149","text":"The core principles of Open Scholarship include equality.","kind":"definitional","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"core principles of Open Scholarship","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The core principles of Open Scholarship include participation, equality, transparency, cognitive justice (NOTE:  https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cognitive_justice ), collaboration, sharing, equity, and inclusivity.","representedInStars":true}
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{"key":"osft-doc-1673/c153","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/bb1ef0233ded4cab","nativeRecordCid":"6c0ff87d-8103-4c18-9db2-dfdd5706c374","documentId":"osft-doc-1673","id":"c153","text":"The core principles of Open Scholarship include sharing.","kind":"definitional","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"core principles of Open Scholarship","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The core principles of Open Scholarship include participation, equality, transparency, cognitive justice (NOTE:  https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cognitive_justice ), collaboration, sharing, equity, and inclusivity.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1673/c154","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/6cfc68fd207248ab","nativeRecordCid":"c819e606-0bfa-4f2d-9af9-b83b56a57008","documentId":"osft-doc-1673","id":"c154","text":"The core principles of Open Scholarship include equity.","kind":"definitional","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"core principles of Open Scholarship","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The core principles of Open Scholarship include participation, equality, transparency, cognitive justice (NOTE:  https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cognitive_justice ), collaboration, sharing, equity, and inclusivity.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1673/c155","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/cd2f869b455b48cb","nativeRecordCid":"794e8b8c-ed0b-4f1a-8d0e-35235a875bcd","documentId":"osft-doc-1673","id":"c155","text":"The core principles of Open Scholarship include inclusivity.","kind":"definitional","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"core principles of Open Scholarship","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The core principles of Open Scholarship include participation, equality, transparency, cognitive justice (NOTE:  https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cognitive_justice ), collaboration, sharing, equity, and inclusivity.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1673/c156","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/259fa60d0c904a77","nativeRecordCid":"6b8988b8-9183-4366-80ef-410e31bd32dc","documentId":"osft-doc-1673","id":"c156","text":"The combination of Open Scholarship practices and principles results in a better research process.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"Open Scholarship practices and principles","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Generally, it is agreed upon that the combination of these practices and principles will result in a better research process, all grouped under the broad heading of Open Scholarship.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1673/c157","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/c78087b910eb48c7","nativeRecordCid":"2dae9d3e-4253-4086-a06c-02992387b337","documentId":"osft-doc-1673","id":"c157","text":"Open Scholarship is not a simple construct to understand.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"Open Scholarship as a construct","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"However, we acknowledge that Open Scholarship is not a simple construct to understand, and often has its own language.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1673/c158","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/00076d2255c14be5","nativeRecordCid":"e34b5461-2760-4630-8fdc-c0f0de639002","documentId":"osft-doc-1673","id":"c158","text":"Open Scholarship often has its own language.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"Open Scholarship terminology","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"However, we acknowledge that Open Scholarship is not a simple construct to understand, and often has its own language.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1673/c159","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/fb11522edf2044ca","nativeRecordCid":"ff4f5764-7c18-42a5-b5b4-9e7a8eda075e","documentId":"osft-doc-1673","id":"c159","text":"The language barrier of Open Scholarship must be overcome in order to maximise participation and engagement with both the principles and the practices.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"","subject":"Open Scholarship language barrier","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"We fully acknowledge that such a barrier must be overcome in order to maximise participation and engagement with both the principles and the practices ([Masuzzo and Martens, 2017](https://peerj.com/preprints/2689/)).","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1673/c160","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/df8eac0835e54395","nativeRecordCid":"7150fbf5-8fbf-4846-9812-9cefc0b9ca6f","documentId":"osft-doc-1673","id":"c160","text":"User awareness of Open Scholarship to engage with its practices is a precondition to Open Scholarship adoption.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"preconditions to Open Scholarship adoption","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"1. Users: Awareness of Open Scholarship to engage with the practices.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1673/c161","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/58753679c9c441c6","nativeRecordCid":"aa089f19-fedc-4aa3-9495-569f01af160e","documentId":"osft-doc-1673","id":"c161","text":"Open Scholarship tools that guide adoption of practices are a precondition to Open Scholarship adoption.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"preconditions to Open Scholarship adoption","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"2. Process: Open Scholarship tools that guide adoption of practices.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1673/c162","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/27109c236b4c427b","nativeRecordCid":"0406624c-982c-4ed1-8293-155fd4547656","documentId":"osft-doc-1673","id":"c162","text":"Community and systemic support to create a sustainable Open Scholarship environment is a precondition to Open Scholarship adoption.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"preconditions to Open Scholarship adoption","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"3. Context: Community and systemic support to create a sustainable Open Scholarship environment.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1673/c163","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/a7819b91c1d54f7c","nativeRecordCid":"03a0c2d2-4a5e-4d44-a0fd-91bdc1762405","documentId":"osft-doc-1673","id":"c163","text":"Motivations to engage with Open Scholarship practices are a precondition to Open Scholarship adoption.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"preconditions to Open Scholarship adoption","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"4. Incentives: Motivations to engage with the practices.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1673/c164","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/382326c74a184f59","nativeRecordCid":"c81cf09f-f890-4f78-aa89-c3494d21d88d","documentId":"osft-doc-1673","id":"c164","text":"One-size-fits-all solutions for Open Scholarship could potentially harm local interests.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"one-size-fits-all Open Scholarship solutions","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Open Scholarship is an agenda with multiple stakeholders, whose diverse cultures, backgrounds and interests mean that one-size-fits-all solutions could potentially harm local interests (or vice versa).","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1673/c165","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/822a823a44ea48d5","nativeRecordCid":"566a1f7a-a7d8-4bac-af1f-1721db2ec952","documentId":"osft-doc-1673","id":"c165","text":"Strategies for Open Scholarship must be joined-up so that the actions of those with similar aims do not work at cross-purposes.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"","subject":"Open Scholarship strategies","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"On the other hand, there is a need to ensure that strategies are joined-up so that the actions of those with similar aims are not working at cross-purposes.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1673/c166","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/9ff939600be84679","nativeRecordCid":"f213cfb8-126c-4367-8b12-096d388a32f6","documentId":"osft-doc-1673","id":"c166","text":"Hundreds of individual initiatives and organisations already exist to help provide and promote Open Access at different levels around the world.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"Open Access initiatives","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Hundreds of individual initiatives and organisations already exist to help provide and promote Open Access at different levels around the world (NOTE:  Open Access Directory, Advocacy Organizations for OA (accessed 24/11/2017).).","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1673/c167","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/ebb588d4aaad4d6f","nativeRecordCid":"b9422b2c-c25b-4d46-b878-ca44dad943c6","documentId":"osft-doc-1673","id":"c167","text":"Thousands of individual initiatives and organisations already exist to help provide and promote Open Education at different levels around the world.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"Open Education initiatives","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Thousands of individual initiatives and organisations already exist to help provide and promote Open Education at different levels around the world (NOTE:  OER World Map (accessed 06/03/2018).).","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1673/c168","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/50fd958c34374483","nativeRecordCid":"e3720a8b-7930-4e4c-a00c-d520a1c06bdb","documentId":"osft-doc-1673","id":"c168","text":"High costs associated with Open Access publishing actively discriminate against researchers from Low and Middle Income Countries.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"Open Access publishing costs","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"High costs associated with Open Access publishing actively discriminate against researchers from Low and Middle Income Countries (LMICs).","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1673/c169","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/9e80a135dd874737","nativeRecordCid":"3e5bccbf-ae48-45df-92ab-f1f8ba80c0b4","documentId":"osft-doc-1673","id":"c169","text":"The term 'Open Science' can have an adverse effect of excluding researchers from the arts and humanities because it contains the word 'Science'.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"term 'Open Science'","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"As the widely-used term ‘Open Science’ contains the word ‘Science’, this can have an adverse effect of excluding researchers from the arts and humanities.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1673/c170","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/8f0a7d0189d64c89","nativeRecordCid":"2c7f7fdb-547e-4fb7-bc16-e37a2626b9f0","documentId":"osft-doc-1673","id":"c170","text":"The exclusion problem caused by the term 'Open Science' seems mainly confined to native English speaking researchers.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"exclusion problem from term 'Open Science'","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"This problem seems mainly confined to native english speaking researchers.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1673/c171","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/b189f2976d0e4845","nativeRecordCid":"581d2eff-fa70-4780-a3fb-db5338014b59","documentId":"osft-doc-1673","id":"c171","text":"Terms such as 'e-Research' and 'Digital Humanities' describe similar practices to Open Science across different communities.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"alternative terms to Open Science","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Other terms such as ‘e-Research’ and ‘Digital Humanities’ describe similar practices across different communities.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1673/c172","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/6ed5d5958dc84f08","nativeRecordCid":"1e345e9a-b14e-4255-b89a-126792ef0bf3","documentId":"osft-doc-1673","id":"c172","text":"Many 'Open Science' practices are geared towards empirical and quantitative research.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"'Open Science' practices","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"For example, many ‘Open Science’ practices are geared towards empirical and quantitative research, and therefore require different evaluation and incentive structures than other scholarly disciplines.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1673/c173","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/3f32ae392c5640be","nativeRecordCid":"c7d30818-406a-4641-8357-e31eab1b8280","documentId":"osft-doc-1673","id":"c173","text":"Open Science practices geared towards empirical and quantitative research require different evaluation and incentive structures than other scholarly disciplines.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"","subject":"evaluation and incentive structures","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"For example, many ‘Open Science’ practices are geared towards empirical and quantitative research, and therefore require different evaluation and incentive structures than other scholarly disciplines.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1673/c174","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/42784df4dcdf4fcc","nativeRecordCid":"783b5974-a72b-4a1d-b013-6daffcb93585","documentId":"osft-doc-1673","id":"c174","text":"Variation in biological supplies from different laboratory companies is a significant issue in reproducibility for biological research.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"biological supply variation","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"For example, accounting for variation in biological supplies from different laboratory companies is a significant issue in reproducibility for biological research.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1673/c175","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/7db8362ce2f14b52","nativeRecordCid":"de8d23eb-21df-42de-aef1-39afd3c2fa29","documentId":"osft-doc-1673","id":"c175","text":"Open Access books are a major problem in the Humanities, but less so in STEM, and are consequently often sidelined as an issue.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"Open Access books","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Open Access books are a major problem in the Humanities ([Eve, 2014](https://www.martineve.com/images/uploads/2014/11/Eve_2014_Open-Access-and-the-Humanities.pdf)), but less so in STEM, and are often sidelined as an issue as a result.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1673/c176","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/26cf4488ac174f86","nativeRecordCid":"9ddc465f-a6f4-486e-a968-20a8046cdde3","documentId":"osft-doc-1673","id":"c176","text":"There are few preprints from the pharmaceutical industry at present.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"pharmaceutical industry preprints","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"At the present there are few preprints from the pharmaceutical industry (NOTE:  https://openpharma.blog/2017/08/14/when-will-preprints-take-off-in-medicine/), and none covering primary clinical data.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1673/c177","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/0a6f7ed5e2dd4aff","nativeRecordCid":"8723442d-7315-428d-9d13-f6f75df49695","documentId":"osft-doc-1673","id":"c177","text":"There are no preprints from the pharmaceutical industry covering primary clinical data.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"pharmaceutical industry preprints","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"At the present there are few preprints from the pharmaceutical industry (NOTE:  https://openpharma.blog/2017/08/14/when-will-preprints-take-off-in-medicine/), and none covering primary clinical data.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1673/c178","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/05c12c35671d4de5","nativeRecordCid":"56c2ceba-d6d0-44f8-ba69-e81330ef84e1","documentId":"osft-doc-1673","id":"c178","text":"There are considerable barriers to preprints of industry work.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"barriers to industry preprints","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"There are at present considerable barriers to preprints of industry work, including the possibility of material that has not yet been peer-reviewed being seen as promotional, and the possibility of readers changing clinical practice based on material that has not yet been peer-reviewed – however well labeled a preprint is.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1673/c179","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/7e50eb04f8f94ddf","nativeRecordCid":"39b43a95-9edf-42b5-9c40-96dde5f3dd83","documentId":"osft-doc-1673","id":"c179","text":"Material in industry preprints that has not yet been peer-reviewed risks being seen as promotional.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"unreviewed preprint material","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"There are at present considerable barriers to preprints of industry work, including the possibility of material that has not yet been peer-reviewed being seen as promotional, and the possibility of readers changing clinical practice based on material that has not yet been peer-reviewed – however well labeled a preprint is.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1673/c180","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/bb8ae32ac98d4621","nativeRecordCid":"816d40c3-b6a3-49a7-9560-18b12fb31069","documentId":"osft-doc-1673","id":"c180","text":"Readers may change clinical practice based on preprint material that has not yet been peer-reviewed, however well labeled the preprint is.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"readers and unreviewed preprints","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"There are at present considerable barriers to preprints of industry work, including the possibility of material that has not yet been peer-reviewed being seen as promotional, and the possibility of readers changing clinical practice based on material that has not yet been peer-reviewed – however well labeled a preprint is.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1673/c181","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/4377a9668eee4599","nativeRecordCid":"be5a662a-d523-47e6-bcf6-26b6ed7e7d76","documentId":"osft-doc-1673","id":"c181","text":"Different stakeholder groups engage in the Open Scholarship agenda for different reasons.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"Open Scholarship stakeholder groups","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Each of these groups engage in the Open Scholarship agenda for different reasons, and often these goals will be in conflict ...","representedInStars":true}
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{"key":"osft-doc-1673/c183","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/cefdf38aa89e4106","nativeRecordCid":"eb13f6c5-1bb1-4749-9fd8-0776b0428ff2","documentId":"osft-doc-1673","id":"c183","text":"There is little consensus on the best way forward for Open Access at a multitude of scales (geographic, institutional, individual).","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"consensus on Open Access approach","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Regarding Open Access, there is little consensus on the best way forward for this at a multitude of scales (geographic, institutional, individual).","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1673/c184","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/ed308e7f0c1f4285","nativeRecordCid":"f49d21fc-bf00-492f-bd98-9333c09f39b5","documentId":"osft-doc-1673","id":"c184","text":"The lack of well-defined strategic priorities for Open Scholarship is a result of ongoing tensions among stakeholders.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"strategic priorities for Open Scholarship","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The result of such ongoing tensions is, perhaps not surprisingly, the lack of well-defined strategic priorities for Open Scholarship.","representedInStars":false}
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{"key":"osft-doc-1673/c186","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/d699b998b8104692","nativeRecordCid":"afef16f3-0827-4e2a-bfe4-7e65cfaf18e3","documentId":"osft-doc-1673","id":"c186","text":"The relationship network of stakeholders engaged in scholarly communication, particularly developments in Open Scholarship, is particularly complex.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"stakeholder relationship network","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The result of this is that the relationship network of stakeholders engaged in scholarly communication, and in particular developments in Open Scholarship, is particularly complex.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1673/c187","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/36cd0708ff5044be","nativeRecordCid":"302a92d9-58b7-4c27-9254-ff87f87b03d5","documentId":"osft-doc-1673","id":"c187","text":"There are varied opinions and a lack of consensus about what extent of Open Scholarship adoption is necessary to constitute success.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"success criteria for Open Scholarship","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"There are varied opinions, and a lack of consensus, around what extent of Open Scholarship adoption is necessary to constitute success.","representedInStars":true}
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{"key":"osft-doc-1673/c191","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/5da2774ef738454b","nativeRecordCid":"5e92d744-bbe3-46b5-a40f-501a0ea34224","documentId":"osft-doc-1673","id":"c191","text":"Open Scholarship's success could include mainstreaming Open Scholarship so that it competes with traditional processes in terms of reach, uptake, and incentivisation and reward.","kind":"normative","modality":"may","actor":"","subject":"criteria for Open Scholarship success","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Mainstreaming Open Scholarship so that it competes with traditional processes, in terms of reach, uptake, and incentivisation and reward.","representedInStars":true}
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{"key":"osft-doc-1673/c194","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/9e9e149716d64718","nativeRecordCid":"9e539bd3-adeb-4af8-b809-0fc665beba4b","documentId":"osft-doc-1673","id":"c194","text":"Open Scholarship's success could include measurably increasing quality of research and achievement that leads to greater career prospects.","kind":"normative","modality":"may","actor":"","subject":"criteria for Open Scholarship success","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Measurably increasing quality of research and achievement that leads to greater career prospects.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1673/c195","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/ebf17477cbfb4b08","nativeRecordCid":"12fc9c6d-18ad-4925-b5cc-038d733fdb9e","documentId":"osft-doc-1673","id":"c195","text":"Open Scholarship's success could include adoption of open access by funding agencies.","kind":"normative","modality":"may","actor":"","subject":"criteria for Open Scholarship success","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Adoption of open access by funding agencies; policies that explicitly allow use of preprints and other pre-publications in funding applications.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1673/c196","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/7bc1e4f3954046d4","nativeRecordCid":"6c9b4d78-0b15-4b6d-9b3f-838bac6ea3d4","documentId":"osft-doc-1673","id":"c196","text":"Open Scholarship's success could include policies that explicitly allow use of preprints and other pre-publications in funding applications.","kind":"normative","modality":"may","actor":"","subject":"criteria for Open Scholarship success","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Adoption of open access by funding agencies; policies that explicitly allow use of preprints and other pre-publications in funding applications.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1673/c197","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/3ff8f083b76741e0","nativeRecordCid":"f6c98891-6535-4d20-b2b4-a565f4af8de7","documentId":"osft-doc-1673","id":"c197","text":"There is no consensus in the Open Scholarship movement on what the priority order of these strategic actions is.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"priority order of strategic actions","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"While there is no consensus on this from the Open Scholarship movement, or what the priority order is, there is a general agreement that all of these actions are, at least to some degree, important.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1673/c198","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/46c0e52d5395496c","nativeRecordCid":"7d5b005a-fc37-45f6-8a86-1c26e3c340a7","documentId":"osft-doc-1673","id":"c198","text":"There is general agreement that all of the top strategic priority actions for Open Scholarship are, at least to some degree, important.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"strategic priority actions","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"While there is no consensus on this from the Open Scholarship movement, or what the priority order is, there is a general agreement that all of these actions are, at least to some degree, important.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1673/c199","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/106a858fe6594de7","nativeRecordCid":"3ae8b6ee-c53d-466d-b79d-60e633390566","documentId":"osft-doc-1673","id":"c199","text":"There is an unequal distribution of access to knowledge.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"distribution of access to knowledge","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Believing that there is an unequal distribution of access to knowledge, Open Scholarship is concerned with making scholarly knowledge (including publications, code, methods, and data) accessible and available freely for everyone with access to modern technology (e.g., a computer and internet connection).","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1673/c200","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/ee077767a8374cd7","nativeRecordCid":"f748a979-0f24-43a3-b0a7-c1a185f67fdc","documentId":"osft-doc-1673","id":"c200","text":"Open Scholarship is concerned with making scholarly knowledge accessible and available freely for everyone with access to modern technology.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"aim of Open Scholarship","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Believing that there is an unequal distribution of access to knowledge, Open Scholarship is concerned with making scholarly knowledge (including publications, code, methods, and data) accessible and available freely for everyone with access to modern technology (e.g., a computer and internet connection).","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1673/c201","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/eb7be7add68e4081","nativeRecordCid":"eb8baaf6-7e0b-431c-8151-2d3f96be04ec","documentId":"osft-doc-1673","id":"c201","text":"Democracy in Open Scholarship means equal access to knowledge.","kind":"definitional","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"democracy in Open Scholarship","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Importantly, democracy in Open Scholarship means not only equal access to knowledge, but also equal possibilities to contribute to knowledge and equal rights to participate in the world-wide community’s decisions that affect knowledge creation and distribution.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1673/c202","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/83e9bc402d4a4236","nativeRecordCid":"0d6af8d7-181e-4ff7-8351-08d7fb9e7fbb","documentId":"osft-doc-1673","id":"c202","text":"Democracy in Open Scholarship means equal possibilities to contribute to knowledge.","kind":"definitional","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"democracy in Open Scholarship","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Importantly, democracy in Open Scholarship means not only equal access to knowledge, but also equal possibilities to contribute to knowledge and equal rights to participate in the world-wide community’s decisions that affect knowledge creation and distribution.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1673/c203","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/aafb6663815d4455","nativeRecordCid":"bf98fb17-601c-4273-91c7-87acea4323d6","documentId":"osft-doc-1673","id":"c203","text":"Democracy in Open Scholarship means equal rights to participate in the worldwide community's decisions that affect knowledge creation and distribution.","kind":"definitional","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"democracy in Open Scholarship","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Importantly, democracy in Open Scholarship means not only equal access to knowledge, but also equal possibilities to contribute to knowledge and equal rights to participate in the world-wide community’s decisions that affect knowledge creation and distribution.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1673/c204","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/863172eeded94b38","nativeRecordCid":"acf95b6f-c73a-4cfa-b746-2b7d5bcdbae3","documentId":"osft-doc-1673","id":"c204","text":"Open Scholarship is antithetical to closed power clubs limited to a small number of participants deciding for the whole international community, regardless of whether such clubs are supported by institutional/governmental funders or are bottom-up organisations.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"Open Scholarship vs closed power clubs","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The latter means that Open Scholarship is antithetical to closed power clubs which are limited to a small number of participants deciding for the whole international community, whether such closed clubs are supported by institutional/governmental funders or are bottom-up organisations (e.g., small groups of prestigious authors).","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1673/c205","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/2a4ec7bc1a374120","nativeRecordCid":"aff57b74-8ddd-4a72-98a0-3e345bbb1b36","documentId":"osft-doc-1673","id":"c205","text":"It is unlikely that more than 10 million scientists would agree with rules created for them by a small number of people, or by groups with financial interest.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"scientists' agreement with imposed rules","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Indeed, it is quite unlikely that more than 10 million scientists, highly educated and intelligent, would agree with some rules created for them by a small number of people (or even worse, by some groups with financial interest).","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1673/c206","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/66fff013a85b4d61","nativeRecordCid":"4f2fddb9-8020-4e55-8574-2426d5d6b780","documentId":"osft-doc-1673","id":"c206","text":"New rules governing Open Scholarship are more likely to emerge through open debate and many collective projects.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"emergence of Open Scholarship rules","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"A more likely scenario is that the new rules governing Open Scholarship will appear in the open debate, through many collective projects, just like collectively editing this manuscript.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1673/c207","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/3229b54e774a4f84","nativeRecordCid":"1fd94427-e5ef-4e42-8139-158e06d2dc75","documentId":"osft-doc-1673","id":"c207","text":"Several specific mechanisms, including blockchain mechanisms, have been proposed to realise democratic values in Open Scholarship in a decentralised way.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"mechanisms for democratic Open Scholarship","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Several specific mechanisms have been proposed to realise democratic values in Open Scholarship in a decentralised way, blockchain mechanism being one of them [refs to be added, section to be extended -- VT].","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1673/c208","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/b542b6ed1add4dc8","nativeRecordCid":"a07d68f1-1ed0-4904-8249-5adcb8f67e73","documentId":"osft-doc-1673","id":"c208","text":"Open Access publishing should allow not only free to read access but also free to reuse and free to distribute.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"","subject":"Open Access publishing","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Open Access publishing that allows not only free to read access but also free to reuse and free to distribute (NOTE:  Open Access (the book) - Peter Suber (bit.ly/oa-book)).","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1673/c209","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/e0e737da41c14649","nativeRecordCid":"ca86a140-ecf7-4dd4-83dd-aef21b1692be","documentId":"osft-doc-1673","id":"c209","text":"Publicly (or taxpayer) funded research should be accessible to the public.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"","subject":"publicly funded research","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"One of the strongest arguments for Open Access is that publicly (or taxpayer) funded research should be accessible to the public.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1673/c210","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/38e95f1447c94eca","nativeRecordCid":"198a5c78-a0a4-4fd1-9e5e-79b1cb0feb78","documentId":"osft-doc-1673","id":"c210","text":"Increasing private sector funding of research is difficult to reconcile with the view that publicly funded research should be accessible to the public.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"private sector research funding","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The increasing private sector funding of research is a difficult aspect to reconcile with this view at the present.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1673/c211","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/b5ae014390b0431d","nativeRecordCid":"0af0e107-506b-47bd-889a-58c109121182","documentId":"osft-doc-1673","id":"c211","text":"Open licences, licensing, and rights waivers for copyright should be understandable by both humans and machines.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"","subject":"open licences and rights waivers","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Open Licences, licensing, and rights waivers for copyright that are understandable by both humans and machines.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1673/c212","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/98978014ebf34b12","nativeRecordCid":"dd4b4fa2-d9fa-4cc0-ae7e-837ad9a414dd","documentId":"osft-doc-1673","id":"c212","text":"Open licensing is typically administered through some combination of Creative Commons and Open Source licensing.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"administration of open licensing","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Typically, this has been administered through some combination of Creative Commons and Open Source licensing.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1673/c213","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/1627e4f355e14858","nativeRecordCid":"45e0af1f-a618-444a-8f47-a82dc7d0970a","documentId":"osft-doc-1673","id":"c213","text":"There is potential for complexity, or even conflict, in Open Scholarship objectives as policies and working practices evolve.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"Open Scholarship objectives","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"In working towards principles of Open Scholarship, we acknowledge that there is the potential for complexity, or even conflict in our objectives as policies and working practices evolve.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1673/c214","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/21197e9cec8d4439","nativeRecordCid":"10ca0b41-548e-4cc7-b342-1b9d61aad959","documentId":"osft-doc-1673","id":"c214","text":"Awareness of the broader research, industry and education landscape helps position Open Scholarship to have the greatest possible impact.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"awareness of broader landscape","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Awareness of the broader research, industry and education landscape will help to position Open Scholarship to have the greatest possible impact, and to mitigate the potential of other policies and priorities to limit its potential.","representedInStars":true}
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{"key":"osft-doc-1673/c216","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/bcf02c646eed4bb0","nativeRecordCid":"ddcba43c-40c6-477a-8e88-db6f4c30fab0","documentId":"osft-doc-1673","id":"c216","text":"Copyright proposals that would limit who is permitted to undertake text and data mining, or policies promoting intellectual property and commercialisation, should be balanced with policies that permit a wide range of uses of data, research, and knowledge.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"","subject":"copyright and IP policies","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"For example, copyright proposals in the EU that would limit who is permitted to undertake TDM (text and data mining), or policies promoting intellectual property (IP) and commercialisation should be balanced with policies that permit a wide range of uses of data, research, and knowledge.","representedInStars":true}
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{"key":"osft-doc-1673/c218","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/dd2531e403c24307","nativeRecordCid":"70818b77-29e5-4c67-80db-0e910dff39d5","documentId":"osft-doc-1673","id":"c218","text":"The \"weak licensing – strong certification\" approach to patent management is especially easy to apply in medicine, where therapeutic devices or compounds are weakly licensed in terms of patents but the requirements for entering the market are set high by the regulator.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"weak licensing – strong certification approach","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"One example of the open approach to patent management is \"weak licensing - strong certification\" - a situation especially easy to apply in medicine, where therapeutic devices or compounds are weakly licensed in terms of patents but the requirements for entering the market are set high from the regulator.","representedInStars":true}
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{"key":"osft-doc-1673/c234","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/455e3d0584284f45","nativeRecordCid":"0a4c3723-d0fa-4382-aaf4-ca53499dcdfa","documentId":"osft-doc-1673","id":"c234","text":"Sustainability is defined as being able to durably test a paper's results over time, including data archiving and software longevity and versioning.","kind":"definitional","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"sustainability","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Being able to durably test a paper's results over time, which would include data archiving and software longevity and versioning.","representedInStars":false}
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{"key":"osft-doc-1673/c237","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/dd9d1ba89d004b84","nativeRecordCid":"d75b84e1-09e6-4c87-885a-f90fe46e3c10","documentId":"osft-doc-1673","id":"c237","text":"Open scholarly infrastructure can be built with current off-the-shelf technologies at a much lower cost than traditional publishing methods.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"open scholarly infrastructure","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Such infrastructure can be built with current off-shelf technologies and at a much lower cost than traditional publishing methods.","representedInStars":true}
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{"key":"osft-doc-1673/c246","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/b4edbda6ca3a45b9","nativeRecordCid":"7e8adb32-7a50-480e-a725-a4c9defca275","documentId":"osft-doc-1673","id":"c246","text":"Funder support for sustainable scholarly infrastructure should include shared services such as abstracting/indexing services and research data services.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"research funders","subject":"infrastructure funding scope","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Shared services (Abstracting/indexing services, research data)","representedInStars":false}
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{"key":"osft-doc-1673/c248","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/550185d6695f4ab4","nativeRecordCid":"8fcc9a16-bb6a-4030-83d8-f31d2b2df37f","documentId":"osft-doc-1673","id":"c248","text":"Funder support for sustainable scholarly infrastructure should include repository services.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"research funders","subject":"infrastructure funding scope","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Repository services","representedInStars":true}
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{"key":"osft-doc-1673/c264","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/cd6455d3a0a944a9","nativeRecordCid":"6541ca9a-657a-4c13-81f5-32fd095e0641","documentId":"osft-doc-1673","id":"c264","text":"Alternative metrics can make use of the new possibilities of digitally networked tools to track and measure the impact of scholarship through formerly invisible activities.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"alternative metrics","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Open Scholarship seeks \"alternative metrics\" (also known broadly as ‘altmetrics’; not to be confused with the company, Altmetric) that can make use of the new possibilities of digitally networked tools to track and measure the impact of scholarship through formerly invisible activities.","representedInStars":true}
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{"key":"osft-doc-1673/c272","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/f3ace91ce5f54766","nativeRecordCid":"b64a3811-4904-4618-9085-55181cdff9f1","documentId":"osft-doc-1673","id":"c272","text":"Issues of transparency and reproducibility apply to scholarship itself.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"transparency and reproducibility","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Issues of transparency and reproducibility apply both to scholarship itself and to the mechanisms through which our research is measured","representedInStars":true}
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{"key":"osft-doc-1673/c278","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/2f4499411dbc44e9","nativeRecordCid":"578d2368-96e0-48f8-b4d0-0212c0b8ab5c","documentId":"osft-doc-1673","id":"c278","text":"Passionate, persevering champions demonstrate a great capacity to achieve substantial changes, almost single-handedly.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"champions of Open Scholarship","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"These individuals demonstrate a great capacity to achieve substantial changes, and create strong influences, almost single-handedly.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1673/c279","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/89c7a9ad8f994e83","nativeRecordCid":"01491564-69da-49e2-9caf-b45fa13d6cc3","documentId":"osft-doc-1673","id":"c279","text":"Passionate, persevering champions create strong influences, almost single-handedly.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"champions of Open Scholarship","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"These individuals demonstrate a great capacity to achieve substantial changes, and create strong influences, almost single-handedly.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1673/c280","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/57a98eb60bd54633","nativeRecordCid":"c17bde45-5a7c-4494-bdc8-d77ac80d04ca","documentId":"osft-doc-1673","id":"c280","text":"Passionate individuals become especially important as an asset to the movement when their experiences and knowledge can be shared and multiplied through building of collaborations, networks and communities, and mentorship models.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"champions of Open Scholarship","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"As an asset to the movement, they become especially important when their experiences and knowledge can be shared and multiplied, through building of collaborations, networks and communities, and mentorship models.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1673/c281","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/047ca627d7c64886","nativeRecordCid":"fe595a50-619c-44dc-b1d9-febe1620ecf3","documentId":"osft-doc-1673","id":"c281","text":"Concurrent movements such as open access, open data, open hardware, and open source software are based on principles similar to Open Scholarship.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"concurrent open movements","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Concurrent movements like open access, Open Scholarship, open data, open hardware, open source software etc. based on similar principles","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1673/c282","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/5437fb6ec26d4cae","nativeRecordCid":"c8ba2352-8d9f-48d4-ba59-9242a755fe15","documentId":"osft-doc-1673","id":"c282","text":"Research into Open Scholarship and its impacts has found the impacts to be almost overwhelmingly positive.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"research on Open Scholarship impacts","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Key projects, groups, and scholars have been conducting research into various aspects of Open Scholarship and its impacts, finding them to be almost overwhelmingly positive.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1673/c283","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/631a38331ae9480a","nativeRecordCid":"fe9864e5-686f-45b2-8170-841d47702e7b","documentId":"osft-doc-1673","id":"c283","text":"The evidence base regarding Open Scholarship continues to develop as the movement grows.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"Open Scholarship evidence base","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"As the movement grows, the evidence base, and the depth of critical analysis continues to develop.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1673/c284","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/009de1a7a78b4810","nativeRecordCid":"178bfdb5-78da-4f1d-8f6b-9d89682df87a","documentId":"osft-doc-1673","id":"c284","text":"The depth of critical analysis of Open Scholarship continues to develop as the movement grows.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"Open Scholarship critical analysis","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"As the movement grows, the evidence base, and the depth of critical analysis continues to develop.","representedInStars":true}
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{"key":"osft-doc-1673/c289","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/87dfd26fa7d64938","nativeRecordCid":"815acc5f-5d90-422c-a030-119a2e0f7dd9","documentId":"osft-doc-1673","id":"c289","text":"Many charters and declarations offer internally consistent sets of goals and actions that result from extensive thinking and discussion.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"charters and declarations","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Availability of many charters and declarations offering (internally) consistent sets of goals and actions that are result of a lot of thinking and discussing","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1673/c290","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/a1ebd1ee88bf404b","nativeRecordCid":"b9e00b74-5a45-4815-9734-4535e9d1a6e3","documentId":"osft-doc-1673","id":"c290","text":"There is a strong push to develop dynamic, broad and cohesive top-down and bottom-up policy models for Open Scholarship.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"Open Scholarship policy models","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Strong push to develop policy models: Dynamic, broad and cohesive top-down (policy initiatives from funders, governments, institutions) and bottom-up (grassroots) approaches.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1673/c291","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/40281425e37c4a78","nativeRecordCid":"73e6f206-b26b-4ca4-90a5-7283ddaf4850","documentId":"osft-doc-1673","id":"c291","text":"The imperative and agenda for Open Scholarship must remain recognised at the highest political levels.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"","subject":"Open Scholarship political recognition","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"It remains important that the imperative and agenda for Open Scholarship remains recognised at the highest political levels.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1673/c292","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/0bfda78aec3340b5","nativeRecordCid":"c524fb26-6216-49e8-8769-1b8156f3107b","documentId":"osft-doc-1673","id":"c292","text":"Diversity of goals enables progress on many fronts simultaneously.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"diversity of goals","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Diversity of goals enables progress on many fronts simultaneously.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1673/c293","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/7de6cddb532c4295","nativeRecordCid":"fab886d1-1e86-4001-bda2-e25846d02aaa","documentId":"osft-doc-1673","id":"c293","text":"A common language, typically English, eases understanding within the Open Scholarship movement.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"common language","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Common language (English, usually) for ease of understanding (although see below for why this can also be a challenge).","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1673/c294","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/26a51fa6f0c4439a","nativeRecordCid":"405e8798-9aef-4e4a-acb6-be27d30173dc","documentId":"osft-doc-1673","id":"c294","text":"Open Scholarship has been recognised by key international organisations active in research and education.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"Open Scholarship recognition","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Open Scholarship has been recognised by key international organisations active in research and education, and has strong support from institutes around the world.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1673/c295","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/e79c2f94357e4f63","nativeRecordCid":"64f7cb1c-a4e2-4494-8cba-2bdb49e483b9","documentId":"osft-doc-1673","id":"c295","text":"Open Scholarship has strong support from institutes around the world.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"Open Scholarship support","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Open Scholarship has been recognised by key international organisations active in research and education, and has strong support from institutes around the world.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1673/c296","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/45a3c35ea6704e37","nativeRecordCid":"58e954d3-22c9-42ee-8d3d-550cec41d883","documentId":"osft-doc-1673","id":"c296","text":"Open Scholarship has spotty uptake from influential research institutions.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"Open Scholarship uptake","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Uptake (albeit spotty) from influential research institutions.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1673/c297","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/da4889d3cfb64161","nativeRecordCid":"b3e6677b-5da9-444f-bbbb-0795ad7563af","documentId":"osft-doc-1673","id":"c297","text":"Open Scholarship activism, as part of a broader open movement, is benefitting from cross-collaborations with advocates of open data, open access, open education, open government, open source, and open culture.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"Open Scholarship activism","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Open Scholarship activism as part of a broader open movement is benefitting from cross-collaborations with advocates of open data, open access, open education, open government, open source, and open culture.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1673/c298","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/98be596ea7884c5a","nativeRecordCid":"bd21be58-f03f-4839-9ca1-b39be7c34e9f","documentId":"osft-doc-1673","id":"c298","text":"Open Scholarship is seen as a gateway to open education.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"Open Scholarship","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"For example, now Open Scholarship is seen as a gateway to open education, but has policies strengthened by experiences from the open source movement.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1673/c299","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/f6fd645156194275","nativeRecordCid":"a03d7237-625b-4c67-b618-d72339e81e1f","documentId":"osft-doc-1673","id":"c299","text":"Open Scholarship has policies strengthened by experiences from the open source movement.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"Open Scholarship policies","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"For example, now Open Scholarship is seen as a gateway to open education, but has policies strengthened by experiences from the open source movement.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1673/c300","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/5046813a81bc4787","nativeRecordCid":"1c68504a-875e-4612-9aec-f4de3281ec1f","documentId":"osft-doc-1673","id":"c300","text":"Awareness of Open Scholarship is still very low.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"awareness of Open Scholarship","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Awareness of Open Scholarship is still very low.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1673/c301","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/39c54c3816984883","nativeRecordCid":"fe0efd6a-40ec-4122-b7fa-3fdd183afbf0","documentId":"osft-doc-1673","id":"c301","text":"Open Scholarship exists as a way of increasing standard research workflow efficiency, not as a direct alternative.","kind":"definitional","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"Open Scholarship","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"This is true in the understanding that Open Scholarship exists as a way of increasing standard research workflow efficiency (not as a direct alternative), and the benefits of doing so.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1673/c302","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/1251601698004ef9","nativeRecordCid":"f479e4c1-faa4-4e17-932b-fa954a230ba3","documentId":"osft-doc-1673","id":"c302","text":"Many researchers adopt Open Scholarship practices, such as data sharing and Open Access publishing, without equating them with the term 'Open Scholarship'.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"researchers' adoption of practices","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"It is also strange that many researchers appear to adopt Open Scholarship practices (e.g., data sharing, Open Access publishing), but just do not equate this with the term ‘Open Scholarship’.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1673/c303","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/933d57d716b04b45","nativeRecordCid":"4473711b-aae2-4925-9e1d-c04803300384","documentId":"osft-doc-1673","id":"c303","text":"High awareness of Open Scholarship does not necessarily translate into adoption, often due to a lack of information, sufficient incentives and motivation, or general disinterest.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"awareness versus adoption","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Even where awareness levels are high, this does not necessarily translate into adoption, often due to a lack of information, sufficient incentives and motivation, or general disinterest.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1673/c304","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/a774c0dcb39a4a3d","nativeRecordCid":"06257cdd-5c44-482b-bfe3-74b1c324a6f3","documentId":"osft-doc-1673","id":"c304","text":"The hegemony of English often works to further empower Global North countries in conversations about Open Scholarship strategies.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"English language hegemony","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The hegemony of English often works to further empower Global North countries in conversations about such strategies","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1673/c305","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/f29bb3d703f04cd2","nativeRecordCid":"12a6b5e0-9e14-4a42-8f1c-3757090bca8b","documentId":"osft-doc-1673","id":"c305","text":"The most influential scientists gained their position by being successful in the closed system.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"influential scientists","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The most influential scientists got their position by being successful in closed system","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1673/c306","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/75f4a4cce5564e6f","nativeRecordCid":"e97391c1-5a12-42cf-bf0a-c61390974e09","documentId":"osft-doc-1673","id":"c306","text":"Open washing refers to using Open Scholarship terms for things that are hardly open, rendering the term meaningless.","kind":"definitional","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"open washing","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"How to deal with open washing: using the Open Scholarship terms for things hardly open, rendering the term meaningless","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1673/c307","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/73eb28c092d64bca","nativeRecordCid":"33d7316e-2604-48eb-9491-58c8d0a17026","documentId":"osft-doc-1673","id":"c307","text":"Legal and economic knowledge may be as important as technical knowledge for Open Scholarship.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"legal and economic knowledge","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Realizing that legal (copyright) and economic (ownership/business models) knowledge may be as important as technical knowledge","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1673/c308","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/df324c25ea934e60","nativeRecordCid":"b20421b8-d1fb-43cf-9f36-1000711c3975","documentId":"osft-doc-1673","id":"c308","text":"Open Scholarship has limited reach and awareness in developing countries.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"Open Scholarship in developing countries","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Limited reach and awareness of Open Scholarship in the developing countries","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1673/c309","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/88becffdbe854a5b","nativeRecordCid":"b6d325f2-cd4c-4e5b-a0f3-a4c54398727a","documentId":"osft-doc-1673","id":"c309","text":"Alternative business models, such as the Open Library of Humanities, should be developed.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"","subject":"alternative business models","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Seek development of alternative business models, such as the Open Library of Humanities","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1673/c310","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/455e9b02bbca4e9a","nativeRecordCid":"b21d889f-f1a8-43eb-a71c-235cca8ae8c3","documentId":"osft-doc-1673","id":"c310","text":"There is general inertia around current business models in scholarly publishing.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"current business models","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"General inertia where current business models are concerned.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1673/c311","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/1eee3e3edd9b41e7","nativeRecordCid":"cd364d5c-660f-4627-af96-f7d372160e50","documentId":"osft-doc-1673","id":"c311","text":"Open Scholarship is often confused with open access or Open Science.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"Open Scholarship terminology confusion","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Confusing Open Scholarship with open access, or Open Science.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1673/c312","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/1f7738313f5c4fc7","nativeRecordCid":"09a028ba-ad09-4bc8-adbe-bd183fd2f20a","documentId":"osft-doc-1673","id":"c312","text":"Research is a highly competitive endeavour across the world.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"research competitiveness","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Research is a highly competitive endeavour across the world.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1673/c313","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/0b576adc5887405b","nativeRecordCid":"b2b23390-c6e3-447f-a9ed-362b3881dad0","documentId":"osft-doc-1673","id":"c313","text":"Institutes are reluctant to risk their reputation on a global playing field by adopting new Open Scholarship operational processes, due to the relative novelty of these practices.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"institutional reluctance","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Due to the relative novelty of many Open Scholarship practices, it is understandable that institutes do not want to risk their reputation on a global playing field by adopting new operational processes.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1673/c314","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/c3962019689a456c","nativeRecordCid":"d7eaba6c-739f-4b46-bc39-50eb48211b66","documentId":"osft-doc-1673","id":"c314","text":"Open Scholarship momentum is building, in terms of more widespread understanding of issues and adoption of practices.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"Open Scholarship momentum","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"All current evidence indicates that Open Scholarship momentum is building, in terms of more widespread understanding of issues and adoption of practices","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1673/c315","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/47b4a448a65b433e","nativeRecordCid":"3cded700-ef7d-4a68-b13e-203b9c252e43","documentId":"osft-doc-1673","id":"c315","text":"Diffusion of Open Scholarship is often slow and granular, and beset by frictions.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"Open Scholarship diffusion","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"But such diffusion is often slow and granular, and beset by frictions.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1673/c316","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/cf08fa239c214c25","nativeRecordCid":"c06b3d74-667f-4b28-a0cb-aa9ccb61ad4a","documentId":"osft-doc-1673","id":"c316","text":"Further experimentation should be encouraged to demonstrate the applicability of larger-scale adoption of Open Scholarship practices and to increase the rate of growth and ultimate impact of Open Scholarship.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"","subject":"experimentation with Open Scholarship adoption","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Further experimentation should be encouraged to demonstrate the applicability of larger-scale adoption of practices and to increase the rate of growth, and ultimate impact, of Open Scholarship.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1673/c317","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/1e4e7dfa191b450d","nativeRecordCid":"71b84061-7dbc-48ac-9f83-9d8366958dea","documentId":"osft-doc-1673","id":"c317","text":"Researchers already have burdens and pressures in maintaining high productivity levels, funding applications, administration, teaching, and other duties.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"researcher burdens","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"We fully recognise the burdens and pressures that researchers already have, in maintaining high productivity levels, funding applications, administration, teaching, and other duties.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1673/c318","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/4e6a200c64164dfc","nativeRecordCid":"bc156f02-45f5-47ab-8f5d-884976b65598","documentId":"osft-doc-1673","id":"c318","text":"Open Scholarship is often not highly prioritised by researchers.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"prioritisation of Open Scholarship","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"This means that often, Open Scholarship, is not highly prioritised, as the current reward system is still highly focussed on publication of novel results in high impact journals, which can stifle the rate of growth.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1673/c319","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/aa29afd1fe8740e7","nativeRecordCid":"a5c4e475-c819-4fc0-a137-cbfe0aab5e79","documentId":"osft-doc-1673","id":"c319","text":"The current reward system is still highly focussed on publication of novel results in high impact journals.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"academic reward system","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"This means that often, Open Scholarship, is not highly prioritised, as the current reward system is still highly focussed on publication of novel results in high impact journals, which can stifle the rate of growth.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1673/c320","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/aeaf253e78434988","nativeRecordCid":"fa4d8f2a-aa1e-47d2-b760-e528cabf4aa8","documentId":"osft-doc-1673","id":"c320","text":"The reward system's focus on publication of novel results in high impact journals can stifle the rate of growth of Open Scholarship.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"academic reward system effect","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"This means that often, Open Scholarship, is not highly prioritised, as the current reward system is still highly focussed on publication of novel results in high impact journals, which can stifle the rate of growth.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1673/c321","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/802e768cb4c7457b","nativeRecordCid":"5b616842-f9a8-4a01-af92-34c1c809838a","documentId":"osft-doc-1673","id":"c321","text":"Open Scholarship proponents must be patient and understand the burdens researchers already face.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"Open Scholarship proponents","subject":"Open Scholarship proponents' patience","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Open Scholarship proponents need to be patient and understand this burden.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1673/c322","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/97bb4f5c48b447c9","nativeRecordCid":"3bbbd503-f3d6-4ea9-8e9a-a38b14c02b66","documentId":"osft-doc-1673","id":"c322","text":"Researchers should be aware of the functions of the wider scholarly communication system and the diverse range of processes and norms involved in it.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"researchers","subject":"researcher awareness of scholarly communication system","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"However, they should be aware of the functions of the wider scholarly communication system, and the diverse range of processes and norms that are involved in this.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1673/c323","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/cf141444331d4873","nativeRecordCid":"ff9cd87f-09e0-4172-92f7-ba1e0dd2437a","documentId":"osft-doc-1673","id":"c323","text":"It is necessary to recognise that not all strategies fit all regions.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"","subject":"regional fit of strategies","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"need to recognise that not all strategies fit all regions","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1673/c324","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/879f1fb059ea49bb","nativeRecordCid":"9313bf9d-e091-4df3-a9e7-892b5800674a","documentId":"osft-doc-1673","id":"c324","text":"Flexibility must be allowed for in Open Scholarship strategies.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"","subject":"strategy flexibility","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"allow for flexibility","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1673/c325","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/428ee47080a54213","nativeRecordCid":"e4458c8a-4be1-4721-a1c2-d3bcf8e19aea","documentId":"osft-doc-1673","id":"c325","text":"Other regions must not be negatively impacted by decisions taken by other groups.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"","subject":"regional impact of decisions","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"make sure that other regions are not negatively impacted by decisions taken by other groups","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1673/c326","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/9a0bd7cce3ac458d","nativeRecordCid":"fe237191-2960-4d59-954a-513da6055d33","documentId":"osft-doc-1673","id":"c326","text":"Universities and research institutes from across the world are waking up to the promise of Open Scholarship.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"universities and research institutes","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Universities and research institutes from across the world are waking up to the promise of Open Scholarship.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1673/c327","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/3a100fff79954705","nativeRecordCid":"dc71aaae-2393-4658-ad29-de652e9b0fa8","documentId":"osft-doc-1673","id":"c327","text":"Universities are in a strong position to help guide and develop policy frameworks, best practices, and education on the various aspects of Open Scholarship, including by providing administrative support.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"universities' role","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"universities in particular are in a strong position to help guide and develop policy frameworks, best practices, and education on the various aspects of Open Scholarship, including by providing administrative support.","representedInStars":true}
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{"key":"osft-doc-1673/c332","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/8b515fe3174b4e78","nativeRecordCid":"2ad4a39a-3ed5-45f3-b52c-cb45227b0614","documentId":"osft-doc-1673","id":"c332","text":"There is a huge scope for systematic training and education in scholarly communication, which could be adopted by research institutes.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"training and education in scholarly communication","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"There is a huge scope for systematic training and education in this domain, which could be adopted by research institutes.","representedInStars":true}
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{"key":"osft-doc-1673/c350","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/77b5d1313b094a11","nativeRecordCid":"16fde8dd-836f-4fe6-8439-c60e35fe8d79","documentId":"osft-doc-1673","id":"c350","text":"A lack of suitable incentives creates fear rooted in traditionally-embedded mentality and practices, such as the belief that sharing data reduces one's competitiveness.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"incentives and fear of data sharing","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"A lack of suitable incentives creating fear from traditionally-embedded mentality and practices; for instance that sharing data reduces one's competitiveness","representedInStars":true}
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{"key":"osft-doc-1673/c352","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/45b5699d76bc4da2","nativeRecordCid":"7651b6c1-e874-44ff-b353-2604bb102f21","documentId":"osft-doc-1673","id":"c352","text":"Continued reliance on non-transparent, non-reproducible metrics information from commercial providers will be detrimental to scholarship.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"reliance on commercial metrics","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Continued reliance on non-transparent, non-reproducible metrics information from commercial providers will be detrimental to scholarship.","representedInStars":true}
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{"key":"osft-doc-1673/c356","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/8dfffe76a6fe4755","nativeRecordCid":"fa68dc28-34eb-457d-a3c8-1021e6b8e147","documentId":"osft-doc-1673","id":"c356","text":"Commercial interests are colonising the preprints landscape, leading to wider commercial control irrespective of the final venue of publication.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"commercial control of preprints","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Preprints - colonisation of landscape by commercial interests (e.g., Elsevier acquisition of SSRN leading to wider commercial control, irrespective of final venue of publication).","representedInStars":true}
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{"key":"osft-doc-1673/c358","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/1f75b40b0dc142ea","nativeRecordCid":"a3b58823-ea57-4f19-a3ea-71dc0ebc4fed","documentId":"osft-doc-1673","id":"c358","text":"License proliferation, with many one-off licences that may not be mutually compatible and require too much work to interpret, must be avoided.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"","subject":"license proliferation","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"need to avoid license proliferation, with many one-off licences that may not be mutually compatible, and require too much work to interpret.","representedInStars":true}
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{"key":"osft-doc-1673/c360","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/aff042746f5346cf","nativeRecordCid":"0533dc9d-3099-4d8f-b577-9525b4cbd7ad","documentId":"osft-doc-1673","id":"c360","text":"MIT, BSD, and GPL emerged as the most common open source licenses with clearly understood mutual compatibility.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"open source licenses","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Open source \"solved\" this with OSI-approved licenses, and MIT/BSD/GPL emerged as most common licenses with clearly understood mutual compatibility.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1673/c361","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/8f01195ebe874444","nativeRecordCid":"a7bd471e-970b-4376-824b-c72aa309655b","documentId":"osft-doc-1673","id":"c361","text":"An equivalent standardised approach is needed for data licenses.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"","subject":"data license standardisation","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Need equivalent for data licenses","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1673/c362","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/1476a361d7584f91","nativeRecordCid":"758f3436-d07b-46e4-bf40-c476995acfaf","documentId":"osft-doc-1673","id":"c362","text":"There is a continuing gap between positive attitudes to most aspects of openness and actual practice.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"attitudes versus practice gap","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Continuing gap between positive attitudes to most aspects of openness & actual practice - how to close this?","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1673/c363","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/62458372e2da4a91","nativeRecordCid":"1f3da690-8cb6-41ce-be1d-1d801221cf63","documentId":"osft-doc-1673","id":"c363","text":"People are generally resistant to change.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"resistance to change","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"people are generally resistant to change, and giving them too much choice (as is common in open scholarship) could put them off changing at all.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1673/c364","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/c26537a037e24563","nativeRecordCid":"d72dd131-d12c-440c-be6f-1f521e615918","documentId":"osft-doc-1673","id":"c364","text":"Giving people too much choice, as is common in open scholarship, could put them off changing at all.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"choice and resistance to change","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"people are generally resistant to change, and giving them too much choice (as is common in open scholarship) could put them off changing at all.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1673/c365","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/b344a1cd1a6e4cda","nativeRecordCid":"4af55c55-97de-4aeb-95c5-0129dffd5eda","documentId":"osft-doc-1673","id":"c365","text":"People tend to choose things that are most similar to what they already have, or things that are most similar to other choices they have.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"choice behaviour","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"People tend to choose things that are most similar to what they already have, or things that are most similar to other choices they have","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1673/c366","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/f483857337c24941","nativeRecordCid":"a2744a6e-6076-4a24-9866-ea92d0273cdf","documentId":"osft-doc-1673","id":"c366","text":"People must be able to continue doing what they are already doing, even if they participate in open scholarship.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"","subject":"continuity of existing practices","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"It’s important to make sure that people can still do what they are already doing, even if they participate in open scholarship.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1673/c367","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/acdeb933d1df4c1d","nativeRecordCid":"66e62d0d-41dd-4f31-9630-666d7cda77b0","documentId":"osft-doc-1673","id":"c367","text":"Stakeholders such as governments, public and private funding agencies, and institutions continually develop various, diverse policies to govern Open Scholarship initiatives.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"Open Scholarship policy development","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Accordingly, stakeholders such as governments, public and private funding agencies, and institutions continually develop various, diverse policies to govern Open Scholarship initiatives.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1673/c368","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/1727f38b647d4c56","nativeRecordCid":"338ce569-7820-4186-bd95-02281396f8ad","documentId":"osft-doc-1673","id":"c368","text":"Policies governing Open Scholarship initiatives span countries, scientific disciplines, and components of the Open Scholarship ecosystem.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"Open Scholarship policies scope","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"These policies span countries, scientific disciplines, and components of the Open Scholarship ecosystem.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1673/c369","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/8c2c84de91d54b1b","nativeRecordCid":"cbc7fcf0-f1f8-4c06-9d83-d507763541c8","documentId":"osft-doc-1673","id":"c369","text":"Top-down policies impose rules, regulations, and guidelines upon the scientific research community via mechanisms including government policies, grant funding requirements, and institutional mandates.","kind":"definitional","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"top-down policies","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Top-down policies impose rules, regulations, and guidelines upon the scientific research community via mechanisms including government policies, grant funding requirements, institutional mandates, and …","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1673/c370","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/eadd43286b594f3c","nativeRecordCid":"259993af-e401-4e77-aaf5-03dcd76ef663","documentId":"osft-doc-1673","id":"c370","text":"EU Horizon 2020 is one of the most notable government initiatives involving Open Scholarship policies.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"EU Horizon 2020","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"EU Horizon 2020 is one of the most notable government initiatives involving Open Scholarship policies.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1673/c371","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/f9fa877859db4457","nativeRecordCid":"eb88fee0-3206-4689-b0ff-2884c8b31307","documentId":"osft-doc-1673","id":"c371","text":"The Responsible Research and Innovation component of the EU Work Programme 'Science with and for Society' makes open education an explicit target of EU policy.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"RRI and EU policy","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"the Responsible Research and Innovation (RRI) component of the Work Programme \"Science with and for Society\" makes open education, research, and access explicit targets of EU policy.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1673/c372","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/40a94f000d6942b5","nativeRecordCid":"38e8a5fc-3a32-4cc4-8079-0a6faf9b7b75","documentId":"osft-doc-1673","id":"c372","text":"The Responsible Research and Innovation component of the EU Work Programme 'Science with and for Society' makes open research an explicit target of EU policy.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"RRI and EU policy","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"the Responsible Research and Innovation (RRI) component of the Work Programme \"Science with and for Society\" makes open education, research, and access explicit targets of EU policy.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1673/c373","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/de06b2a94b9a4139","nativeRecordCid":"dbf4efb1-65cf-4ca0-b6a8-21cc3e2d81a7","documentId":"osft-doc-1673","id":"c373","text":"The Responsible Research and Innovation component of the EU Work Programme 'Science with and for Society' makes open access an explicit target of EU policy.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"RRI and EU policy","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"the Responsible Research and Innovation (RRI) component of the Work Programme \"Science with and for Society\" makes open education, research, and access explicit targets of EU policy.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1673/c374","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/a7f001739f7d4f44","nativeRecordCid":"b33b7477-bfed-4f31-80bd-b1130ae82c43","documentId":"osft-doc-1673","id":"c374","text":"Governments and funders demand that researchers comply with rules about data sharing, open code, and similar practices, yet do not always provide the resources or structures necessary for compliant behavior.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"top-down policy compliance gap","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"One issue with top-down policies is that bodies such as governments and funders demand researchers to comply with rules about data sharing, open code, and the like, yet do not always provide the resources or structures necessary for compliant behavior.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1673/c375","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/9bcc9a5f0a234c7d","nativeRecordCid":"252d15cf-05a9-426e-9af7-054a02966701","documentId":"osft-doc-1673","id":"c375","text":"Bottom-up policies weave together best practices from existing scientific research communities.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"bottom-up policies","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Bottom-up policies weave together best-practices from existing scientific research communities and, compared to top-down approaches, are more often voluntary than mandatory.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1673/c376","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/5124cfb2f90b4ff5","nativeRecordCid":"1dfbfbc9-13f3-49d6-939c-7707954114e4","documentId":"osft-doc-1673","id":"c376","text":"Bottom-up policies are more often voluntary than mandatory, compared to top-down approaches.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"bottom-up policies","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Bottom-up policies weave together best-practices from existing scientific research communities and, compared to top-down approaches, are more often voluntary than mandatory.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1673/c377","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/7dee4f3bbd7a4ddb","nativeRecordCid":"314ada56-d8fa-4a04-82e2-028cac1c59a7","documentId":"osft-doc-1673","id":"c377","text":"Evaluating the degree of alignment between top-down and bottom-up policies might help to illustrate how both approaches can better accommodate and promote Open Scholarship.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"alignment of top-down and bottom-up policies","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Evaluating the degree of alignment between top-down and bottom-up policies might help to illustrate how both approaches can better accommodate and promote Open Scholarship.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1686/c1","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/834b9bcf024746ef","nativeRecordCid":"066eceb9-3eea-4deb-8a22-bf2c342356f4","documentId":"osft-doc-1686","id":"c1","text":"Within the next 3-5 years (2022-2027), health research institutions will be able to publish or give access through algorithms to certified FAIR health data sets.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"health research institutions and certified FAIR data","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The report on FAIR4Health data certification roadmap for health research institutions in the\nEuropean Union envisions a time in the next 3-5 years (2022-2027) when health research\ninstitutions will be able to publish or give access through algorithms to certified FAIR health\ndata sets.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1686/c2","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/b070d48f11ec4b7b","nativeRecordCid":"99107f02-f29b-46a3-ba68-fc3531e2691d","documentId":"osft-doc-1686","id":"c2","text":"Health research institutions offering certified FAIR health data sets must develop a FAIR data policy of the institution following the relevant RDA guidelines.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"health research institutions offering certified FAIR health data sets","subject":"FAIR data policy development","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"1) Develop a FAIR data policy of the institution and supporting internal organizational\nprocesses following the relevant RDA guidelines","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1686/c3","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/a8efdb6d51d2482e","nativeRecordCid":"5468ab8a-9a7c-4cce-95a5-3a165780eaf4","documentId":"osft-doc-1686","id":"c3","text":"Health research institutions offering certified FAIR health data sets must develop supporting internal organizational processes following the relevant RDA guidelines.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"health research institutions offering certified FAIR health data sets","subject":"internal organizational processes","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"1) Develop a FAIR data policy of the institution and supporting internal organizational\nprocesses following the relevant RDA guidelines","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1686/c4","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/e7de681aeea04657","nativeRecordCid":"aadfe92b-01aa-4de3-ba49-896129945ca1","documentId":"osft-doc-1686","id":"c4","text":"Health research institutions offering certified FAIR health data sets must establish an infrastructure similar to the FAIR4Health solution for the FAIRification of data sets and the publication of relevant FAIR metadata adhering to quality metrics.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"health research institutions offering certified FAIR health data sets","subject":"FAIRification infrastructure","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"2) Establish an infrastructure similar to the FAIR4Health solution for the FAIRification\nof data sets and the publication of relevant FAIR metadata  adhering to quality\nmetrics","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1686/c5","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/3fc734c9d55c4d09","nativeRecordCid":"bfcf4ff5-3b96-4bc8-afd0-29ad9815d0e4","documentId":"osft-doc-1686","id":"c5","text":"Health research institutions offering certified FAIR health data sets must adopt the HL7 FHIR 'FAIR for FHIR' Implementation Guide once available to enhance interoperability and reusability of data.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"health research institutions offering certified FAIR health data sets","subject":"adoption of HL7 FHIR IG","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"3) Adopt the HL7 FHIR ‘ FAIR for FHIR’ Implementation Guide (IG) once available to\nenhance interoperability and reusability of data","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1686/c6","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/0e4c72587a64417a","nativeRecordCid":"926f8af1-d837-4709-bec4-633cfb30e7a1","documentId":"osft-doc-1686","id":"c6","text":"Health research institutions offering certified FAIR health data sets must engage with the European Open Science Cloud.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"health research institutions offering certified FAIR health data sets","subject":"engagement with European Open Science Cloud","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"4) Engage with European Open Science Cloud and cooperate with other FAIR initiatives","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1686/c7","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/976b3d2e6cf043b7","nativeRecordCid":"91b04f04-e078-4999-b848-3687dcaf3583","documentId":"osft-doc-1686","id":"c7","text":"Health research institutions offering certified FAIR health data sets must cooperate with other FAIR initiatives.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"health research institutions offering certified FAIR health data sets","subject":"cooperation with FAIR initiatives","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"4) Engage with European Open Science Cloud and cooperate with other FAIR initiatives","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1686/c8","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/6b2b6d166bfa4be5","nativeRecordCid":"8f61a01e-3ef0-44d1-80ef-865b2187358d","documentId":"osft-doc-1686","id":"c8","text":"Health research institutions offering certified FAIR health data sets must train administrative and research personnel on how to deliver and use FAIR data sets.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"health research institutions offering certified FAIR health data sets","subject":"training on FAIR data sets","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"5) Train the administrative and research personnel on how to deliver and use FAIR\ndata sets","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1686/c9","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/e756d91be21a47e9","nativeRecordCid":"b781c25c-6eaa-4d72-9b7b-be726c19858e","documentId":"osft-doc-1686","id":"c9","text":"Health research institutions offering certified FAIR health data sets must certify the processes adopted according to the ISO 9000 family of quality standards.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"health research institutions offering certified FAIR health data sets","subject":"certification of processes to ISO 9000","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"6) Certify the processes adopted according to the ISO  9000 family of quality\nstandards.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1686/c10","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/cb0356c9e85f44de","nativeRecordCid":"9a94e1fc-e4f1-4509-bb11-380607f881be","documentId":"osft-doc-1686","id":"c10","text":"The European health data spaces will be mature within the next 3-5 years.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"European health data spaces","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Since these activities are still in progress, we\nreport intermediate milestones that will lead us to wide availability of certified FAIR health\ndata in 3-5 years, a time when the European health data spaces1 will be mature.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1686/c11","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/939dc2b4b6c24493","nativeRecordCid":"2f6c87b3-c5cd-4f78-9a5a-1398300c14dd","documentId":"osft-doc-1686","id":"c11","text":"The FAIR principles have been established as best practice in the refinement of health datasets for open science, research, and innovation.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"FAIR principles","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The FAIR (Findable, Accessible, Interoperable, Reusable) principles have been established\nas best practice in the refinement of health datasets for open science, research, and\ninnovation.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1686/c12","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/0ea2695dfee941cf","nativeRecordCid":"9dda3d79-6840-4e77-ae03-9b6c90684a41","documentId":"osft-doc-1686","id":"c12","text":"The introduction of the FAIR principles by Wilkinson et al. is considered the tipping point for open health science.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"introduction of FAIR principles","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Indeed, the introduction of the FAIR principles by Wilkinson et al.  [1] is\nconsidered as the tipping point for open health science.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1686/c13","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/2e838c1bb5364095","nativeRecordCid":"204d74f1-b7b4-4c23-bac1-aa15a67217fe","documentId":"osft-doc-1686","id":"c13","text":"The FAIR principles are in many ways general and abstract.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"FAIR principles","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"However, the FAIR principles are\nin many ways general and abstract making implementation, let alone development of\ncertification criteria a challenging task.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1686/c14","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/d6ac813aac954ce8","nativeRecordCid":"8b5ca0a2-6e49-4628-a3fa-be810aaee26b","documentId":"osft-doc-1686","id":"c14","text":"The general and abstract nature of the FAIR principles makes implementation, and development of certification criteria, a challenging task.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"implementing FAIR principles and certification criteria","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"However, the FAIR principles are\nin many ways general and abstract making implementation, let alone development of\ncertification criteria a challenging task.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1686/c15","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/c495e759fe214aae","nativeRecordCid":"f3a2cc31-5c3e-4d95-91fd-39ed4c6eab32","documentId":"osft-doc-1686","id":"c15","text":"There are limited tools to help accelerate the FAIRification process.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"tools for FAIRification","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Moreover, there are limited tools to help accelerate the FAIRification process.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1686/c16","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/cb4faf581fd347e4","nativeRecordCid":"d425f2d8-c238-48f4-91ed-2471cb4ae556","documentId":"osft-doc-1686","id":"c16","text":"The Research Data Alliance is a global research community organization.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"Research Data Alliance","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The Research Data Alliance (RDA,  www.rda-alliance.org)  is a global research community\norganization established in 2013 by the European Commission, the American National\nScience Foundation and National Institute of Standards and Technology, and the Australian\nDepartment of Innovation.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1686/c17","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/cab0df5d7dec4c22","nativeRecordCid":"5600bfd9-90a8-427d-92b9-110d69dd8bd8","documentId":"osft-doc-1686","id":"c17","text":"The goal of the RDA is to build the social and technical infrastructure to enable open sharing and re-use of data.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"goal of the RDA","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The goal of the RDA is to build the social and technical\ninfrastructure to enable open sharing and re -use of data.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1686/c18","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/23c4c31cf3364ff4","nativeRecordCid":"6d9580ba-fef1-4f21-abfb-65d92f59d3b1","documentId":"osft-doc-1686","id":"c18","text":"The FAIRness for FHIR IG aims to provide guidance on how to assess the FAIRness of health data sets using the RDA FAIR Data Maturity Model.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"FAIRness for FHIR implementation guide","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Specifically, the IG aims to provide guidance on how to assess\nthe FAIRness of health data sets using the RDA FAIR Data Maturity Model and to help\nresearchers deliver FAIR health datasets using the HL7 FHIR standard.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1686/c19","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/9cf60a406ad9490c","nativeRecordCid":"2f7016d6-f4bf-4fe6-b258-326c2ee98b76","documentId":"osft-doc-1686","id":"c19","text":"The FAIRness for FHIR IG aims to help researchers deliver FAIR health datasets using the HL7 FHIR standard.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"FAIRness for FHIR implementation guide","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Specifically, the IG aims to provide guidance on how to assess\nthe FAIRness of health data sets using the RDA FAIR Data Maturity Model and to help\nresearchers deliver FAIR health datasets using the HL7 FHIR standard.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1686/c20","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/5e4758b128614afe","nativeRecordCid":"dc6cb266-78fc-48d0-968a-d82326e31fe0","documentId":"osft-doc-1686","id":"c20","text":"FAIRness can be implemented using the HL7 FHIR standard.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"FAIRness and HL7 FHIR standard","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"These efforts illustrate how FAIRness can be implemented, assessed, and potentially\nimproved using the HL7 FHIR standard.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1686/c21","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/240f206339f643b2","nativeRecordCid":"16e485a8-f250-4ce3-b2ea-006045224a89","documentId":"osft-doc-1686","id":"c21","text":"FAIRness can be assessed using the HL7 FHIR standard.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"FAIRness and HL7 FHIR standard","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"These efforts illustrate how FAIRness can be implemented, assessed, and potentially\nimproved using the HL7 FHIR standard.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1686/c22","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/6bf4e1fd84c3439f","nativeRecordCid":"1d7afa19-a58f-443c-985c-9a9d39d9ea45","documentId":"osft-doc-1686","id":"c22","text":"FAIRness can potentially be improved using the HL7 FHIR standard.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"FAIRness and HL7 FHIR standard","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"These efforts illustrate how FAIRness can be implemented, assessed, and potentially\nimproved using the HL7 FHIR standard.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1686/c23","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/77e8658e35b64aa3","nativeRecordCid":"c080bab3-b105-48e3-8def-10c6815fbc6a","documentId":"osft-doc-1686","id":"c23","text":"Certification procedures and criteria for FAIR health data sets are essential for health researchers that use them.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"","subject":"certification procedures and criteria for FAIR data","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Certification procedures and more importantly criteria for FAIR health data sets are\nessential for health researchers that use them.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1686/c24","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/8c2cf17e96384737","nativeRecordCid":"329636b3-29ea-4139-8c6f-1c1e0c620eb6","documentId":"osft-doc-1686","id":"c24","text":"Certification frequently comes to be synonymous with trust.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"certification and trust","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Frequently certific ation comes to be synonymous to trust.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1686/c25","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/07735c16843e4127","nativeRecordCid":"53c3a278-3c1c-4f56-879b-0c3784f30075","documentId":"osft-doc-1686","id":"c25","text":"Acquiring a certificate is generally not a small expense.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"cost of acquiring a certificate","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Thus, a cquiring a certificate is generally not a small expense.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1686/c26","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/992976ccab9746fe","nativeRecordCid":"5c7b1a62-97ed-42e8-8aa6-8563843bbe47","documentId":"osft-doc-1686","id":"c26","text":"Certification procedures can increase the quality of research data.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"certification procedures","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"● Increasing the quality of research data","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1686/c27","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/90e4ec4a89194188","nativeRecordCid":"9a727e2e-136a-432b-8380-3798b4d2b60a","documentId":"osft-doc-1686","id":"c27","text":"Certification procedures can increase the attractiveness of research data for subsequent use by third parties.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"certification procedures","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"● Increasing the attractiveness for subsequent use by third parties","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1686/c28","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/d6aa0ecbfacb4b16","nativeRecordCid":"767107bd-777f-40bf-b61a-9116130ffb90","documentId":"osft-doc-1686","id":"c28","text":"Certification procedures can increase the visibility and show the legitimacy of one's own work through certificates or badges.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"certification procedures","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"● Increasing the visibility and showing the legitimacy of one's own work through\ncertificates or badges","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1686/c29","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/0b080049c70d430b","nativeRecordCid":"e31d5431-7552-4be6-a37b-ab747304a2d8","documentId":"osft-doc-1686","id":"c29","text":"Certification procedures can fulfil requirements imposed by funders or scientific journals.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"certification procedures","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"● Fulfilment of requirements imposed by funders or scientific journals","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1686/c30","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/3dcb8e60142c4846","nativeRecordCid":"f0f9cd8e-d3c7-40a6-9948-e03f92884a1c","documentId":"osft-doc-1686","id":"c30","text":"Certification procedures can improve internal workflows.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"certification procedures","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"● Improvement of internal workflows and increase of acceptance for the additional\nworkload caused by FAIR among the staff members.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1686/c31","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/70af907b3b7d4560","nativeRecordCid":"517ad197-bc0b-4537-9bbe-f9b8b941112b","documentId":"osft-doc-1686","id":"c31","text":"Certification procedures can increase acceptance for the additional workload caused by FAIR among staff members.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"certification procedures","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"● Improvement of internal workflows and increase of acceptance for the additional\nworkload caused by FAIR among the staff members.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1686/c32","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/45fe78ddd80d431a","nativeRecordCid":"6af75293-67d2-4127-b501-8b8a1e56f00c","documentId":"osft-doc-1686","id":"c32","text":"Certification procedures can enable use of the auditor's expertise in the case of formal certifications.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"certification procedures","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"● Use of the auditor's expertise in the case of formal certifications","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1686/c33","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/a689ca903dff49c3","nativeRecordCid":"c89158ca-23a5-40e0-9d47-d783059cf1c5","documentId":"osft-doc-1686","id":"c33","text":"Establishing certification processes streamlines the participation of the organization in the digital economy.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"certification processes","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Most importantly , establishing such processes streamlines the participation of the\norganization in the digital economy.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1686/c34","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/c600e2a45f654fb0","nativeRecordCid":"f6ae01c3-0510-42be-b151-1f0d3e658ff1","documentId":"osft-doc-1686","id":"c34","text":"Certifications in the field of FAIR data are currently not widespread.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"FAIR data certifications","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Despite the advantages outlined above, certifications in the field of F AIR data are\ncurrently not widespread.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1686/c35","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/797c75ccb5cd49c3","nativeRecordCid":"d349ac19-cccc-480b-890b-2da776b184f3","documentId":"osft-doc-1686","id":"c35","text":"Lack of clarity about which FAIR data certifications exist, how they differ, and how to find the appropriate certification may explain why certifications are not widespread.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"lack of clarity about certifications","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"● Lack of clarity about which certifications exist, how the certifications differ, and\nhow to find the appropriate certification","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1686/c36","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/f349410ab2604075","nativeRecordCid":"63a4a9f9-cd20-4e34-b50f-131d319d585d","documentId":"osft-doc-1686","id":"c36","text":"Uncertainty about the added value of a certification may explain why certifications are not widespread.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"uncertainty about certification value","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"● Uncertainty about the added value of a certification","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1686/c37","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/e5fc79300e754277","nativeRecordCid":"aac903a1-cbac-498c-bf84-44928b6f532c","documentId":"osft-doc-1686","id":"c37","text":"Lack of clarity about the personnel and other financial costs required may explain why certifications are not widespread.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"lack of clarity about certification costs","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"● Lack of clarity about the personnel and other financial costs required","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1686/c38","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/69e50b26c6f14eb4","nativeRecordCid":"c6036fdd-ebd2-4396-a0d4-3fc4c26442c7","documentId":"osft-doc-1686","id":"c38","text":"Difficulty in quantifying the added value and communicating it to management or third parties may explain why certifications are not widespread.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"difficulty quantifying certification value","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"● Difficulty in quantifying the added value and communicating the value to\nmanagement or third parties","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1686/c39","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/42d52641b2f14606","nativeRecordCid":"5519dd6a-95aa-4d00-9a71-7ff6a7fbb313","documentId":"osft-doc-1686","id":"c39","text":"Uncertainty about the success of the certification process in principle may explain why certifications are not widespread.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"uncertainty about certification success","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"● Uncertainty about the success of the certification process in principle","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1686/c40","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/78871fffcf4643dc","nativeRecordCid":"f74a1777-5ab2-4bc6-af05-a08a0e8a8ccc","documentId":"osft-doc-1686","id":"c40","text":"Giving access to sensitive internal data and IP to third parties may explain why certifications are not widespread.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"access to sensitive internal data and IP","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"● Giving access to sensitive internal data and IP by third parties","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1686/c41","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/e3e13fe491284a0d","nativeRecordCid":"d493ee4b-52ff-4ef5-ba74-fba91292347f","documentId":"osft-doc-1686","id":"c41","text":"Existing local certifications that already cover certain parts of the envisaged certification may explain why certifications are not widespread.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"existing local certifications","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"● Existing local certifications that already cover certain parts of the envisaged\ncertification.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1686/c42","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/f1278ecc41cc4461","nativeRecordCid":"aeb46f05-bae1-47ea-b5ab-c575cd5c1862","documentId":"osft-doc-1686","id":"c42","text":"The lack of tools for FAIRification is a frequent complaint.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"lack of FAIRification tools","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"since one of the\nmost frequent complaints is the lack of tools and the weakness of RDA indicators for\ninteroperability.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1686/c43","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/fb643deabeb34b65","nativeRecordCid":"5696e11d-ca16-4cf1-ad32-0472357987e9","documentId":"osft-doc-1686","id":"c43","text":"The weakness of RDA indicators for interoperability is a frequent complaint.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"weakness of RDA interoperability indicators","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"since one of the\nmost frequent complaints is the lack of tools and the weakness of RDA indicators for\ninteroperability.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1686/c44","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/75bcdf3b2a2a4b74","nativeRecordCid":"58b1d0a8-6249-4b19-8023-a228d45fdaa6","documentId":"osft-doc-1686","id":"c44","text":"A number of approaches exist in the domain of research data archiving and sharing that do not always explicitly cover the term FAIR but do so intentionally.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"research data archiving and sharing approaches","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"A number of approaches exist in the domain of research data\narchiving and sharing that do not always cover explicitly the term FAIR but do so\nintentionally.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1686/c45","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/b6830556f99d4551","nativeRecordCid":"862497f9-94dc-4612-b00e-e04764332140","documentId":"osft-doc-1686","id":"c45","text":"These research data archiving and sharing approaches already existed before the coining of the term FAIR.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"research data archiving and sharing approaches","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The reason for this is that they already existed before the coining o f the\nterm FAIR.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1686/c46","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/deec8d86403f4216","nativeRecordCid":"ea66c70c-f64b-4dcc-ab8b-595ff3699e03","documentId":"osft-doc-1686","id":"c46","text":"The FAIR data principles are intentionally rather abstract to be broadly applicable.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"FAIR data principles","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The FAIR data principles are intentionally rather abstract to be broadly\napplicable.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1686/c47","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/023cb3bbe3714a1c","nativeRecordCid":"1d54e107-a81a-4cac-9efe-6d25a5aceb02","documentId":"osft-doc-1686","id":"c47","text":"FAIR data principles apply to (meta-)data in the sense of directly accessible datasets, such as databases, static snapshots, and data collections from different parts and in different formats.","kind":"definitional","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"scope of FAIR data principles","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"○ (meta-)data in the sense of directly accessible datasets : databases, static\nsnapshots, data collections from different parts and in different formats","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1686/c48","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/888c5c12dd9648f2","nativeRecordCid":"663216db-08aa-4b06-87d9-a552522670f5","documentId":"osft-doc-1686","id":"c48","text":"FAIR data principles apply to (meta-)data in the sense of indirectly accessible data from repositories or via application programming interfaces, where the target resources are software systems or infrastructures.","kind":"definitional","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"scope of FAIR data principles","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"○ (Meta-)data in the sense of indirectly accessible data from repositories or via\napplication programming interfaces, where the target resources are software\nsystems or infrastructures","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1686/c49","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/92202283c57e4db4","nativeRecordCid":"eb17bfe5-8b29-41ac-9653-d85595bef22d","documentId":"osft-doc-1686","id":"c49","text":"FAIR data principles apply to (meta-)data in the sense of data models, schemas, and standards, focusing on the suitability of the existing modelling constructs of the standard to achieve FAIRness.","kind":"definitional","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"scope of FAIR data principles","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"○ (Meta-)data in the sense of data models, schemas, standards, where the focus\nis not on specific instance data, but on the suitability of the existing modelling\nconstructs of the standard to achieve FAIRness","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1686/c50","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/e82d4d464f8e4304","nativeRecordCid":"a44c06e0-bb22-49bf-b0f6-ee445005972d","documentId":"osft-doc-1686","id":"c50","text":"FAIR data principles apply to executable algorithms or tools that assist users or machines in generating FAIR (meta-)data or provide an assessment of the current level of FAIRness achieved.","kind":"definitional","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"scope of FAIR data principles","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"○ Executable algorithms or tools that assist users or machines in generating FAIR\n(meta-)data or provide an assessment of the current level of FAIRness achieved","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1686/c51","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/2a6402d5cd9847cf","nativeRecordCid":"5eb0083f-3a25-4375-878c-9c6a3e6ab57a","documentId":"osft-doc-1686","id":"c51","text":"FAIR data principles apply to proof of competence, enabling scientists or data curators to support aspects of FAIR during the lifecycle of digital resources, such as through demonstrating knowledge or skills via training.","kind":"definitional","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"scope of FAIR data principles","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"○ Proof of competence: enabling scientists or data c urators to support aspects\nof FAIR during the lifecycle of digital resources, e.g., by demonstrating specific\nknowledge or skills (training)","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1686/c52","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/f8b9f29a455a4da0","nativeRecordCid":"06e60655-5f1e-43a8-8dab-efa236f8e393","documentId":"osft-doc-1686","id":"c52","text":"Certification means assurance given by an independent certification body that a product, service, or system meets the requirements of a standard.","kind":"definitional","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"certification","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Certification means “assurance given by an independent certification\nbody that a product, service or system meets the requirements of a standard3.”","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1686/c53","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/2cd136d0b5794654","nativeRecordCid":"bbe9073d-6ec4-4a01-a0fc-e10348b45dee","documentId":"osft-doc-1686","id":"c53","text":"CoreTrustSeal covers a lot of similar aspects, such as PIDs, data discovery, access, licenses, provenance, and reuse, from all four axes of FAIR.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"CoreTrustSeal","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"● CoreTrustSeal covering a lot of similar aspects (PIDs, data discovery, access,\nlicenses, provenance, reuse) from all of the 4 axes of FAIR.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1686/c54","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/6476f74e74fd40fd","nativeRecordCid":"c3f96ad8-418a-4754-9cd6-7f0bc163b21b","documentId":"osft-doc-1686","id":"c54","text":"CoreTrustSeal is a basic certification (level 1) standard for trusted digital repositories with regards to long-term preservation.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"CoreTrustSeal","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"● Focus: basic certification  (level 1) standard for trusted digital repositories with\nregards to long -term preservation 7. It envisions to be “the first step in a global\nframework for repository certification.”","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1686/c55","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/f4ca42739c6f4534","nativeRecordCid":"4363a0b2-bc4e-435c-9d96-757b3627d2d7","documentId":"osft-doc-1686","id":"c55","text":"CoreTrustSeal has developed a catalogue of 16 guidelines or requirements, focusing on Organizational Infrastructure and Digital Object Management.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"CoreTrustSeal","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"● Developed a catalogue of 16 guidelines or requirements8, focusing on Organizational\nInfrastructure and Digital Object Management","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1686/c56","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/4cc197f697634368","nativeRecordCid":"dbd6d7fd-50df-475b-a088-8a862c5f4ae4","documentId":"osft-doc-1686","id":"c56","text":"CoreTrustSeal is suitable for repositories that are committed to the curation and long-term preservation of the usability of the repository, considering the requirements and knowledge base of a designated community.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"CoreTrustSeal","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"● suitable for repositories that are committed to the curation and long -term\npreservation of the usability of said repository considering requirem ents and\nknowledge base of a “designated community”","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1686/c57","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/5e618e57bf3444f0","nativeRecordCid":"ab1d63c9-0822-4494-b269-8df3fe738ccb","documentId":"osft-doc-1686","id":"c57","text":"Among the certified repositories, hardly any have a focus on biomedical data.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"certified repositories (WDS, DSA, CTS)","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"but hardly any repositories with focus on biomedical data","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1686/c58","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/d4ab746db8db4056","nativeRecordCid":"05cd6419-d9ae-47ce-9191-377ec3be11d9","documentId":"osft-doc-1686","id":"c58","text":"Nestor is primarily a German initiative based on the DIN 31644:2012-04 standard, 'Information and documentation - Criteria for trustworthy digital archives.'","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"Nestor","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Nestor is primarily a  German initiative based on DIN 31644:2012 -04 “Information\nand documentation - Criteria for trustworthy digital archives”","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1686/c59","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/eccfb3f247b74b16","nativeRecordCid":"bc276151-a272-48c8-a499-b3898fe63f17","documentId":"osft-doc-1686","id":"c59","text":"Nestor includes organizational concerns such as human resources, qualification, processes, and responsibilities.","kind":"definitional","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"Nestor","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Nestor also includes organizational concerns (human resources, qualification,\nprocesses, responsibilities), legal concerns (legal regulations, contractual coverage)\nand financial concerns (ensuring sustainability)","representedInStars":true}
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{"key":"osft-doc-1686/c61","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/c50a4a9ea1274ab0","nativeRecordCid":"782552bb-a738-44a2-920e-cf714c681ecc","documentId":"osft-doc-1686","id":"c61","text":"Nestor includes financial concerns such as ensuring sustainability.","kind":"definitional","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"Nestor","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Nestor also includes organizational concerns (human resources, qualification,\nprocesses, responsibilities), legal concerns (legal regulations, contractual coverage)\nand financial concerns (ensuring sustainability)","representedInStars":true}
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{"key":"osft-doc-1686/c65","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/265f6c784eba4731","nativeRecordCid":"456c907f-2960-46ec-9016-b8689b55cac9","documentId":"osft-doc-1686","id":"c65","text":"ISO 16363 is based upon the Trusted Digital Repositories and Audit Checklist (TRAC) standard.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"ISO 16363","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"ISO 16363 (originally CCSDS 652-R-117) is based upon the Trusted Digital Repositories\nand Audit Checklist (TRAC)18 standard","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1686/c66","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/0a4e4ad62f5f4e8c","nativeRecordCid":"61281e65-76bb-4f27-8a56-72c62f4f825b","documentId":"osft-doc-1686","id":"c66","text":"ISO 16919 relies heavily on ISO/IEC 17021, a standard for auditing and certification of general types of management systems.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"ISO 16919","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Which itself  relies heavily on ISO/IEC 17021 , a standard f or auditing and\ncertification of general types of management systems","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1686/c67","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/b3c82e3509054860","nativeRecordCid":"72c8edf1-1ecb-4433-ae37-9506820b4ef6","documentId":"osft-doc-1686","id":"c67","text":"ISO 16363 comprises organizational infrastructure as one of its three main parts.","kind":"definitional","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"ISO 16363","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"3 main parts\n○ Organizational infrastructure\n○ Handling of digital objects\n○ Infrastructure and risk management","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1686/c68","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/51c4304777a249bc","nativeRecordCid":"d6aa5331-5b84-43c7-ac1c-9cbca781d420","documentId":"osft-doc-1686","id":"c68","text":"ISO 16363 comprises handling of digital objects as one of its three main parts.","kind":"definitional","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"ISO 16363","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"3 main parts\n○ Organizational infrastructure\n○ Handling of digital objects\n○ Infrastructure and risk management","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1686/c69","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/cabf747e32f8457b","nativeRecordCid":"3bbcc6e1-dca9-464e-ba1d-84bf721c1b07","documentId":"osft-doc-1686","id":"c69","text":"ISO 16363 comprises infrastructure and risk management as one of its three main parts.","kind":"definitional","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"ISO 16363","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"3 main parts\n○ Organizational infrastructure\n○ Handling of digital objects\n○ Infrastructure and risk management","representedInStars":true}
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{"key":"osft-doc-1686/c84","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/1b8aa29b3efd420f","nativeRecordCid":"96f933b7-99a4-4fbb-ae23-e05e1352e081","documentId":"osft-doc-1686","id":"c84","text":"Repositories seeking RatSWD accreditation must provide proof of a minimum of three external data users.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"repositories seeking RatSWD accreditation","subject":"RatSWD accreditation criteria","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Repositories must be fully operational and proof of a minimum of three external data\nusers","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1686/c85","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/a81bee47a3ed4e60","nativeRecordCid":"ca94dc9d-3d97-4b9c-a31e-80e1166ec96c","documentId":"osft-doc-1686","id":"c85","text":"RatSWD accreditation's additional criteria relate to operational aspects such as proof of an operational concept, response times to data requests, proof of staff and infrastructure, and a data quality assurance concept.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"RatSWD accreditation additional criteria","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Additional criteria 23 relate to operational aspects such as proof of an operational\nconcept, response times to data requests, proof of staff and infrastructure, and also a\ndata quality assurance concept","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1686/c86","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/fdfbc02e1b644c14","nativeRecordCid":"d96b53b2-2719-4023-aba0-de9dbd741c05","documentId":"osft-doc-1686","id":"c86","text":"FAIRsFAIR has developed a framework for measuring FAIRness based on the work of the RDA FAIR Data Maturity Model Working Group and its FAIR data maturity model specifications and guidelines.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"FAIRsFAIR framework","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"FAIRsFAIR has developed a framework for measuring FAIRness based on the work of the\nRDA FAIR Data Maturity Model WG, FAIR data maturity model specifications and\nguidelines26.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1686/c87","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/e77a3e69bf1749e5","nativeRecordCid":"b934a6a6-4928-4216-84f7-d9e90247cd95","documentId":"osft-doc-1686","id":"c87","text":"FAIRsFAIR developed minimum viable metrics to systematically measure the extent to which research data objects are FAIR.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"FAIRsFAIR","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"It developed 17 minimum viable metrics to systematically measure the extent\nto which research data objects are FAIR and a tool to validate it (F -UJI27, FAIR-Aware).","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1686/c88","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/37d73ee046a142cb","nativeRecordCid":"d298f888-2b10-4bc1-bd65-cf756372b099","documentId":"osft-doc-1686","id":"c88","text":"FAIRsFAIR developed a tool to validate the FAIRness of research data objects.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"FAIRsFAIR","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"It developed 17 minimum viable metrics to systematically measure the extent\nto which research data objects are FAIR and a tool to validate it (F -UJI27, FAIR-Aware).","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1686/c89","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/6ff666e5564f4aba","nativeRecordCid":"f40944db-0f9b-4781-9447-764754c2274a","documentId":"osft-doc-1686","id":"c89","text":"A research data object may comprise data.","kind":"definitional","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"research data object","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"A research data object may comprise data, metadata, and documentation (such as\npolicies and procedures).","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1686/c90","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/d0677101e1d6432a","nativeRecordCid":"106241c9-db70-4ee4-965a-c7ec2aae4499","documentId":"osft-doc-1686","id":"c90","text":"A research data object may comprise metadata.","kind":"definitional","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"research data object","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"A research data object may comprise data, metadata, and documentation (such as\npolicies and procedures).","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1686/c91","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/066e4ed71b8d4a6c","nativeRecordCid":"827ea3d2-85ad-49fe-8a07-33fbab1e68b5","documentId":"osft-doc-1686","id":"c91","text":"A research data object may comprise documentation, such as policies and procedures.","kind":"definitional","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"research data object","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"A research data object may comprise data, metadata, and documentation (such as\npolicies and procedures).","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1686/c92","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/7ea0ac26e0ca448b","nativeRecordCid":"8c46ede5-a6d6-4909-a89a-6008cbccd517","documentId":"osft-doc-1686","id":"c92","text":"The components of a research data object (data, metadata, documentation) influence the implementation of the FAIR assessment.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"components of a research data object","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"These components influence the implementation of the FAIR assessment.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1686/c93","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/4ba78ed7c1b94698","nativeRecordCid":"dd91a54f-b403-4c4d-aea1-9ff7b595f6d7","documentId":"osft-doc-1686","id":"c93","text":"The components of a research data object can either be resources to be evaluated or evidence of enabling FAIR.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"components of a research data object","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"For instance, they can either be resources to be evaluated or evidence of enabling FAIR.","representedInStars":false}
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{"key":"osft-doc-1686/c95","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/a5b4367d5a744dbf","nativeRecordCid":"13e5e773-d8b4-447e-9337-babf321c8381","documentId":"osft-doc-1686","id":"c95","text":"The established procedures and standards of the CoreTrustSeal requirements emerged from research data community work to identify key practices for data repositories that support long-term access to reusable data.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"CoreTrustSeal requirements","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"These established procedures and standards of the CoreTrustSeal requirements emerged\nfrom research data community work to identify key practices for data repositories which\nsupport long term access to reusable data.","representedInStars":true}
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{"key":"osft-doc-1686/c99","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/c1180fcdcbee48de","nativeRecordCid":"279d24cb-875b-48ac-b234-20ceede93669","documentId":"osft-doc-1686","id":"c99","text":"Metadata for Machines (M4M) Workshops are a community of practice that considers domain-relevant metadata requirements and other policy considerations and formulates machine-actionable metadata components.","kind":"definitional","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"Metadata for Machines (M4M) Workshops","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Metadata for Machines (M4M) Workshops:  a community of practice that considers\nits domain -relevant metadata requirements and other policy considerations and\nformulates machine-actionable metadata components.","representedInStars":true}
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{"key":"osft-doc-1686/c101","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/05e6e5a5b79c4a02","nativeRecordCid":"7576cfb4-d57a-4153-9536-9898935977e2","documentId":"osft-doc-1686","id":"c101","text":"FAIR Data Points (FDP) or FAIR Digital Objects (FDO) are configured based on the FAIR implementation guide.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"FAIR Data Points (FDP) / FAIR Digital Objects (FDO)","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"FAIR Data Points (FDP) or FAIR Digital Objects (FDO) are configured based on the\nFAIR implementation guide and  contribute to a global Internet of FAIR data and\nservices","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1686/c102","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/7b3c8f25793e445b","nativeRecordCid":"b4f034ff-4515-4a7e-b99b-cd505b54a0af","documentId":"osft-doc-1686","id":"c102","text":"FAIR Data Points (FDP) or FAIR Digital Objects (FDO) contribute to a global Internet of FAIR data and services.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"FAIR Data Points (FDP) / FAIR Digital Objects (FDO)","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"FAIR Data Points (FDP) or FAIR Digital Objects (FDO) are configured based on the\nFAIR implementation guide and  contribute to a global Internet of FAIR data and\nservices","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1686/c103","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/963405723a91443a","nativeRecordCid":"6502b346-80ee-4a54-9b10-e70fc158b714","documentId":"osft-doc-1686","id":"c103","text":"GO FAIR has developed a policy for certification of FAIR resources.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"GO FAIR","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"GO FAIR has also developed a policy for certification for FAIR resources which is available\nhere: https://www.gofairfoundation.org/certification/.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1686/c104","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/eee939d0469048f2","nativeRecordCid":"c9b49b2f-b5f7-4f20-b240-4568cee964c0","documentId":"osft-doc-1686","id":"c104","text":"GO FAIR's certification approach aims to address people, organizations, and data sets in a holistic way.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"GO FAIR certification approach","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"This is part of a larger approach towards certification that aims to address people,\norganizations, and data sets in a holistic way.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1686/c105","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/aa28060b671e4338","nativeRecordCid":"c340da75-ba6b-4bae-ab09-09f61fa8a889","documentId":"osft-doc-1686","id":"c105","text":"ECRIN targets specialized clinical trial centers rather than arbitrary research repositories.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"ECRIN","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"ECRIN has a special role within the initiative mentioned here: it doesn’t aims at arbitrary\nresearch repositories but at clinical trials centers, that means specialized organizations\nnot only maintaining data, but also being part of the data collection process","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1686/c106","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/1cd71d2a1f7c4402","nativeRecordCid":"91e60e4e-3b2c-417a-98b3-7129c9114c84","documentId":"osft-doc-1686","id":"c106","text":"Clinical trial centers not only maintain data but are also part of the data collection process.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"clinical trial centers","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"ECRIN has a special role within the initiative mentioned here: it doesn’t aims at arbitrary\nresearch repositories but at clinical trials centers, that means specialized organizations\nnot only maintaining data, but also being part of the data collection process","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1686/c107","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/dd6abf5b0d8c4260","nativeRecordCid":"1349c4f1-5f4e-40be-a262-bfff86098ce3","documentId":"osft-doc-1686","id":"c107","text":"ECRIN's relation to FAIR is weak because no technical formats or standards are described or assumed.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"ECRIN's relation to FAIR","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"To relation to FAIR is weak in the sense that no technical formats or standards are\ndescribed or assumed here","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1686/c108","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/2373deb4eaca4e51","nativeRecordCid":"ddd0bc21-51da-4ef4-96b0-1c98772eab48","documentId":"osft-doc-1686","id":"c108","text":"The organizational processes and quality assurance procedures for clinical research data assumed by ECRIN also apply to other types of health data.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"ECRIN's organizational processes and quality assurance procedures","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"on the other hand, organizational processes and quality assurance procedures for\nclinical research data are assumed here that also apply to other types of health data","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1686/c109","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/992408ec6a364118","nativeRecordCid":"9693bc7f-5f2c-4134-8023-041507c5ea2d","documentId":"osft-doc-1686","id":"c109","text":"The ECRIN Datacenter Certification Program enables non-commercial clinical trial sites to have their processes for creating and maintaining GCP-compliant trial databases monitored and evaluated.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"ECRIN Datacenter Certification Program","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The ECRIN Datacenter Certification Program enables non-commercial clinical trial sites\nto have their proc esses for creating and maintaining GCP -compliant trial databases\nmonitored and evaluated","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1686/c110","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/3e38b22951c04e14","nativeRecordCid":"eb5a0fa6-a907-4819-9934-8ccd6c9b0737","documentId":"osft-doc-1686","id":"c110","text":"Repositories listed in re3data must be run by a legal entity.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"research data repositories listed in re3data","subject":"re3data repositories","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Must be run by a legal entity","representedInStars":true}
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{"key":"osft-doc-1686/c114","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/c45a77901faf4852","nativeRecordCid":"43d6ac08-1c24-4b78-92a6-93faa7b9f248","documentId":"osft-doc-1686","id":"c114","text":"The re3data COREF project's main goal is to provide reliable and customizable descriptions of research data repositories.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"re3data COREF project","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"main goal of the adjacent re3data COREF (Community Driven Open Reference\nfor Research Data Repositories) project is to further professionalize re3data and\nto provide reliable and customizable descriptions of research data repositories","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1686/c115","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/3407928651854370","nativeRecordCid":"3ab04333-4f92-4831-86ce-848037b4bcec","documentId":"osft-doc-1686","id":"c115","text":"re3data is used by researchers and services worldwide for finding datasets.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"re3data","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Used by researchers and services worldwide for finding datasets","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1686/c116","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/4bbe4af642c64435","nativeRecordCid":"405d1125-50af-43bc-9796-086ecac4309a","documentId":"osft-doc-1686","id":"c116","text":"re3data provides a machine-readable XML schema representation.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"re3data","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Machine-readable XML schema representation30","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1686/c117","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/74545cc695c445ee","nativeRecordCid":"672e9612-6b01-4577-b6dc-1dd2fcd05cd7","documentId":"osft-doc-1686","id":"c117","text":"re3data is based on the DataCite metadata vocabulary.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"re3data","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Based on DataCite metadata vocabulary31","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1686/c118","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/f55c18592e8d4d76","nativeRecordCid":"1b42b9e0-8d51-4102-a6e8-297730556a67","documentId":"osft-doc-1686","id":"c118","text":"re3data has an extremely close proximity to FAIR in terms of content, underlined by its use of machine-readable, community-consented vocabularies and a REST API, although FAIR is not explicitly mentioned.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"re3data","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Although FAIR is not explicitly mentioned, there is an extremely close proximity in\nterms of content, which is underlined not least by the use of machine -readable,\ncommunity-consented vocabularies and a REST API","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1686/c119","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/cb34e0d6809f463c","nativeRecordCid":"fc66e10d-4dd6-4e76-9e29-8bdcb8d91fee","documentId":"osft-doc-1686","id":"c119","text":"re3data provides no certificate, but a number of badges that characterize important features and add a citable identifier (DOI).","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"re3data","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Provides no certificate, but a number of badges that characterize importa nt features\nand add a citeable identifier (DOI)","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1686/c120","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/97287f79756c4ad5","nativeRecordCid":"d9ebf9af-68c7-4556-b48b-f1233e6ce369","documentId":"osft-doc-1686","id":"c120","text":"The existence of tools that may accelerate the availability of FAIR datasets is important for defining a roadmap for FAIR data certification for health research organizations.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"tools that may accelerate FAIR dataset availability","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"In our efforts to define a roadmap for FAIR data certification for Health research\norganization, the existence of tools that may accelerated the availability of FAIR datasets is","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1686/c121","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/d9c4f17e75c24419","nativeRecordCid":"d828ac6b-ad53-4240-a46d-69ffdcba3b4b","documentId":"osft-doc-1686","id":"c121","text":"Several other initiatives contribute to the FAIR data policy landscape.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"other initiatives","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"There are several other initiatives that contribute to the FAIR data policy landscape and have\ninfluenced our work","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1686/c122","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/4f8a3a98bd5f43ea","nativeRecordCid":"4d7570dd-84a9-443a-b39c-b9c34a1c1424","documentId":"osft-doc-1686","id":"c122","text":"The data used to answer a research question is not public.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"data used to answer a research question","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Clearly, while\nthe data itself is not public , the metadata about a data set used to answer a research\nquestion should be public.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1686/c123","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/84bee2e2679b4ee8","nativeRecordCid":"be28866c-047c-4ffa-a950-05f847a4ddcc","documentId":"osft-doc-1686","id":"c123","text":"Metadata about a dataset used to answer a research question should be public.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"","subject":"metadata about a dataset used to answer research","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Clearly, while\nthe data itself is not public , the metadata about a data set used to answer a research\nquestion should be public.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1686/c124","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/034f3c6f37c5458e","nativeRecordCid":"a9f7ceaf-90d4-4e39-89c9-320035a1733b","documentId":"osft-doc-1686","id":"c124","text":"The metadata shown on the FAIR4Health platform's welcome page enables the scientific community to know the kind of research studies covered by the complete FAIR4Health solution.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"FAIR4Health platform welcome page metadata","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"With this information, the scientific community can know the kind of research studies\ncovered by the complete FAIR4Health solution.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1686/c125","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/a94139bb8fa943a4","nativeRecordCid":"b82ec843-848b-4d11-9903-e785200223d8","documentId":"osft-doc-1686","id":"c125","text":"The FAIR4Health FAIRification process generates provenance information about the transformed data, such as the author, ownership, timestamp and version of the FAIR data, following the format defined by the HL7 FHIR Resource Provenance.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"FAIR4Health FAIRification process","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Provenance information about the transformed data such as the author, ownership,\ntimestamp and version of the FAIR data (following the format defined by the HL7\nFHIR Resource Provenance).","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1686/c126","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/0ae920e94e3e42af","nativeRecordCid":"1feb781b-9db6-4241-b795-afb3aa2bd1e8","documentId":"osft-doc-1686","id":"c126","text":"The FAIR4Health FAIRification process generates minimal documentation about the transformed dataset, including the licence of use, following the format defined by the HL7 FHIR Resource DocumentManifest.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"FAIR4Health FAIRification process","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Minimal documentation about the transformed dataset, including the licence of use\n(following the format defined by the HL7 FHIR Resource DocumentManifest).","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1686/c127","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/c7eca9cd75f64e2e","nativeRecordCid":"97259514-7a69-4a74-82e8-dcf20dce413f","documentId":"osft-doc-1686","id":"c127","text":"The FAIR4Health FAIRification process generates a description of the capabilities offered by each site, following the format defined by the HL7 FHIR Resource CapabilityStatement.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"FAIR4Health FAIRification process","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Description of the capabilities offered by each site (following the format defined by\nthe HL7 FHIR Resource CapabilityStatement).","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1686/c128","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/5666a4de2fea4079","nativeRecordCid":"fe6e3538-b7b6-4537-8958-5968a0ed1fde","documentId":"osft-doc-1686","id":"c128","text":"The RDA Metadata Standards Catalog Working Group does not offer a repository for metadata records.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"RDA Metadata Standards Catalog Working Group","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"SAS team explored the possibility of\nuploaded the FAIR4Health metadata in any resource offered by this WG, but we\nconcluded this WG doesn’t offer a repository for metadata records.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1686/c129","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/1e1102ba2bf64ad5","nativeRecordCid":"8822a674-7ab3-42d3-9d0b-88dfe495f821","documentId":"osft-doc-1686","id":"c129","text":"re3data offers a database of research repositories.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"re3data","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The FAIR4Hea lth team explored the possibility of uploaded the\nFAIR4Health metadata using the services offered by this initiative, but we concluded\nthis initiative offers  a database of research repositories , but doesn’t offer a\nrepository to upload the metadata records.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1686/c130","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/7dbf3dbc4b1145a8","nativeRecordCid":"74627db9-49f1-4bd3-93f9-1aa09e857d9f","documentId":"osft-doc-1686","id":"c130","text":"re3data does not offer a repository to upload metadata records.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"re3data","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The FAIR4Hea lth team explored the possibility of uploaded the\nFAIR4Health metadata using the services offered by this initiative, but we concluded\nthis initiative offers  a database of research repositories , but doesn’t offer a\nrepository to upload the metadata records.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1686/c131","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/70172abbe2c14c87","nativeRecordCid":"d1685135-6ead-4d57-be7a-768bbf9b3019","documentId":"osft-doc-1686","id":"c131","text":"The FAIR4Health project has contributed to the broader landscape of metadata initiatives.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"FAIR4Health project","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The FAIR4Health project has contributed in the large picture of metadata initiatives, sharing\nthe metadata related to the FAIR4Health solution itself in the welcome page of the\nFAIR4Health platform, and sharing the metadata related to datasets in GitHub.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1686/c132","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/efbff6a06ca84aab","nativeRecordCid":"e76ae41a-f429-4e09-8ce2-385b8b059d76","documentId":"osft-doc-1686","id":"c132","text":"There is an issue regarding what metadata should be published about a dataset that cannot be accessed or downloaded but may be used for research.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"metadata publication for inaccessible datasets","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Clearly there is an issue related to what metadata should be\npublished about a data set that cannot be accessed or downloaded but  may be used for\nresearch.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1686/c133","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/2391a779bc2c4d23","nativeRecordCid":"0a63da63-fd9c-47ec-a7f9-97e52e64301a","documentId":"osft-doc-1686","id":"c133","text":"Work on the analysis of metadata published through platforms such as FAIR4Health is expected to continue over the next three years.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"metadata analysis for platforms such as FAIR4Health","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"We expect that in the next three years work in this area will continue and we shall see\nmore work on the analysis of metadata published through a platform such as FAIR4Health.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1686/c134","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/134a4e105bf54345","nativeRecordCid":"ea7fc515-3c9f-40c6-b821-9e6b3e31f95d","documentId":"osft-doc-1686","id":"c134","text":"The FAIR principles have been embraced in many quarters.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"FAIR principles","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The FAIR principles have been embraced in many quarters and have paved the way to\ncreating a level playing field for data reuse.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1686/c135","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/9e2b718af0944199","nativeRecordCid":"ba2e4cad-7d29-4194-8c5d-bf9ceaa75642","documentId":"osft-doc-1686","id":"c135","text":"The FAIR principles have paved the way to creating a level playing field for data reuse.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"FAIR principles","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The FAIR principles have been embraced in many quarters and have paved the way to\ncreating a level playing field for data reuse.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1686/c136","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/5e286624251f4c45","nativeRecordCid":"858b12eb-5a22-4159-8687-c3ec6256f823","documentId":"osft-doc-1686","id":"c136","text":"Adoption and application of the FAIR principles to research data has grown significantly in the few years since their first publication.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"adoption of FAIR principles","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Adoption and application of the FAIR principles to research data has grown significantly in\nthe few years since their first publication.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1686/c137","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/372c40c82951483c","nativeRecordCid":"4aad6e8a-7e01-4d69-ad4e-0c8597ef8b5f","documentId":"osft-doc-1686","id":"c137","text":"The FAIR principles pose challenges in some areas of research where reuse may not be an automatic right due to issues of confidentiality, privacy, commercial interests and sensitivities in general.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"FAIR principles","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Nevertheless, they also pose challenges in some areas of research where reuse may not\nbe an automatic right due to issues of confidentiality, privacy, commercial interests and\nsensitivities in general.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1686/c138","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/92a1adda825c4f39","nativeRecordCid":"30cf37a3-a1d6-44a7-ab27-ece9f84db925","documentId":"osft-doc-1686","id":"c138","text":"Health research is a sector where the challenges of applying FAIR principles are particularly evident.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"health research","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"One sector of research where this is particularly evident is health research, and\nFAIR4Health proposed a new RDA working group aligned with the Health Data Interest\nGroup43 aiming to address the global disparities in uptake of the FAIR principles in health\nresearch and within health research performing organisations (HRPOs).","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1686/c139","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/a344fd29b3a74707","nativeRecordCid":"ab679bbf-6f4f-4903-94b9-5f197d30ce1d","documentId":"osft-doc-1686","id":"c139","text":"There are global disparities in the uptake of the FAIR principles in health research and within health research performing organisations.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"uptake of FAIR principles in health research","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"One sector of research where this is particularly evident is health research, and\nFAIR4Health proposed a new RDA working group aligned with the Health Data Interest\nGroup43 aiming to address the global disparities in uptake of the FAIR principles in health\nresearch and within health research performing organisations (HRPOs).","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1686/c140","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/1da615e1d4ae41db","nativeRecordCid":"7708af3d-72ff-4689-9845-94633c324e53","documentId":"osft-doc-1686","id":"c140","text":"The adoption of FAIR practices in health research organizations must be accelerated.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"","subject":"adoption of FAIR practices in health research organizations","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"some FAIR4Health partners initiated on the creation of an RDA WG to address the\nneed to accelerate the adoption of FAIR practices in health research organizations.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1686/c141","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/ae92f783081745a4","nativeRecordCid":"2e09ff19-6aa4-4cf2-bcc4-b72cc133ea23","documentId":"osft-doc-1686","id":"c141","text":"HRPOs can employ the guidelines produced by the RDA WG in their local contexts to address FAIRification of research data.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"HRPOs","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"HRPOs can employ these guidelines in their local contexts to address FAIRification of\nresearch data.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1686/c142","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/fcce9006c0a04947","nativeRecordCid":"bd9c2259-282d-49e1-9e04-5d559bdad1ac","documentId":"osft-doc-1686","id":"c142","text":"Requests for extension of the WG timeframe must be discussed and approved by the RDA Technical Advisory Board.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"RDA Technical Advisory Board","subject":"request for extension of WG timeframe","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The request for an extension of the WG timeframe must be discussed and approved by the\nRDA TAB.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1686/c143","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/e29f4617e8784e36","nativeRecordCid":"267e56e2-1536-4ad2-b3ef-e8629228e13e","documentId":"osft-doc-1686","id":"c143","text":"The final guidelines produced by the RDA WG should not be considered as rules to be followed, given differences in regional and local contexts.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"","subject":"final guidelines of the RDA WG","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"By that date, it is planned to deliver the final output as a written set of principles\nto be adopted by the HRPO community, taking care that they are not considered as rules\nto be followed depending on the regional and local contexts.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1686/c144","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/6ec908d39c2042cc","nativeRecordCid":"ea110998-545c-4a05-ab72-df5fd19dba4e","documentId":"osft-doc-1686","id":"c144","text":"The guideline produced by the RDA WG is expected to be used by health research organizations to cultivate trust.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"RDA WG guideline","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"We expect that once available, this guideline will be used by the health research\norganizations to cultivate trust and carry out the reorganization necessary to support FAIR\nand create FAIR data sets.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1686/c145","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/322c0f64189c444c","nativeRecordCid":"ae74db24-4ea8-47e2-af61-a22bb15eba4d","documentId":"osft-doc-1686","id":"c145","text":"The guideline produced by the RDA WG is expected to be used by health research organizations to carry out the reorganization necessary to support FAIR and create FAIR datasets.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"RDA WG guideline","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"We expect that once available, this guideline will be used by the health research\norganizations to cultivate trust and carry out the reorganization necessary to support FAIR\nand create FAIR data sets.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1686/c146","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/889db7cb935d4baa","nativeRecordCid":"6a672167-d11d-4826-a85a-b920d4f3233a","documentId":"osft-doc-1686","id":"c146","text":"The HL7 FHIR standard could support the FAIRification process for health datasets.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"HL7 FHIR standard","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"the ‘FHIR4FAIR’ workshops considered how the HL7 FHIR\nstandard could support the FAIRification process in the case of health datasets, providing\ninput to policy, standards, and research.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1686/c147","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/4ef090fc05d847e2","nativeRecordCid":"c23a0318-4eb6-4c33-b434-2040ea081f56","documentId":"osft-doc-1686","id":"c147","text":"The 'FHIR4FAIR' workshops aim to build capacity and advance knowledge on how to use HL7 FHIR to implement the FAIR principles.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"FHIR4FAIR workshops","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"These work shops, and others planned for the future, aim to build capacity and advance\nknowledge on how to use HL7 FHIR to implement the FAIR principles while reducing curation\ntime and advancing interoperability and reusability of health datasets.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1686/c148","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/87ab550aec66458e","nativeRecordCid":"cb5db72e-e603-4a34-9832-4511593b1d4b","documentId":"osft-doc-1686","id":"c148","text":"Advancing interoperability and reusability of health datasets is very relevant for researchers because it allows leveraging the reuse of health data for research and innovation.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"interoperability and reusability of health datasets","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"This is very relevant for the researchers, allowing to leverage not only the reuse of health\ndata for research and innovation, but also the repeatability of research results.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1686/c149","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/b4324329619d498d","nativeRecordCid":"ab973373-6497-46dd-b7e2-c2ea74be1d6f","documentId":"osft-doc-1686","id":"c149","text":"Advancing interoperability and reusability of health datasets is very relevant for researchers because it allows leveraging the repeatability of research results.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"interoperability and reusability of health datasets","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"This is very relevant for the researchers, allowing to leverage not only the reuse of health\ndata for research and innovation, but also the repeatability of research results.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1686/c150","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/873c5705fd864633","nativeRecordCid":"ad41617d-fa5f-43f0-aebb-12760812ac5d","documentId":"osft-doc-1686","id":"c150","text":"The HL7 FAIRness for FHIR project aims to facilitate collaboration between the FAIR and FHIR communities.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"HL7 FAIRness for FHIR project","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The goals of HL7 FAIRness for FHIR project under the HL7 Service Oriented Architecture\n(SOA) WG is threefold: (a) facilitate the collaboration between the FAIR and the FHIR\ncommunities (b) enable a cooperative usage of the FHIR and FAIR paradigms. (c) support\nthe health data FAIRness assessment by using HL7 FHIR conformance resources.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1686/c151","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/8c9f4da8fa234f37","nativeRecordCid":"d3086857-59e9-4f64-bb9b-6404df10db52","documentId":"osft-doc-1686","id":"c151","text":"The HL7 FAIRness for FHIR project aims to enable a cooperative usage of the FHIR and FAIR paradigms.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"HL7 FAIRness for FHIR project","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The goals of HL7 FAIRness for FHIR project under the HL7 Service Oriented Architecture\n(SOA) WG is threefold: (a) facilitate the collaboration between the FAIR and the FHIR\ncommunities (b) enable a cooperative usage of the FHIR and FAIR paradigms. (c) support\nthe health data FAIRness assessment by using HL7 FHIR conformance resources.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1686/c152","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/e26b95afaebc4013","nativeRecordCid":"21888841-f228-4450-8fbc-b9811e743682","documentId":"osft-doc-1686","id":"c152","text":"The HL7 FAIRness for FHIR project aims to support health data FAIRness assessment by using HL7 FHIR conformance resources.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"HL7 FAIRness for FHIR project","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The goals of HL7 FAIRness for FHIR project under the HL7 Service Oriented Architecture\n(SOA) WG is threefold: (a) facilitate the collaboration between the FAIR and the FHIR\ncommunities (b) enable a cooperative usage of the FHIR and FAIR paradigms. (c) support\nthe health data FAIRness assessment by using HL7 FHIR conformance resources.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1686/c153","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/944c3c612a824e5d","nativeRecordCid":"f62b21db-622e-41a7-abe1-af6c5c4486cd","documentId":"osft-doc-1686","id":"c153","text":"Anyone may participate in the weekly calls of the FAIRness for FHIR project.","kind":"normative","modality":"may","actor":"","subject":"weekly calls of the FAIRness for FHIR project","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Work develops in weekly calls where eve ryone may participate.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1686/c154","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/a44ef46f3c7e4820","nativeRecordCid":"f65a7c1d-dbe3-487d-9a7b-cf7dfd979f64","documentId":"osft-doc-1686","id":"c154","text":"FAIR4Health has initiated a level playing field for HL7 FHIR to be used consistently to advance FAIRness of health datasets, particularly with respect to interoperability and privacy.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"FAIR4Health project","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"In this way FAIR4Health\nhas initiated a level playing field so that HL7 FHIR is used in a consistent way to advance\nFAIRness of health data sets, particularly with respect to interoperability and privacy.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1686/c155","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/a15228b8b4c24479","nativeRecordCid":"00aa3a25-1183-45c7-9d36-c09832afd911","documentId":"osft-doc-1686","id":"c155","text":"The FHIR for FAIR implementation guide is based on FHIR R4b to take advantage of new capabilities offered by resources such as Citation, while maintaining compliance with existing implementations based on FHIR R4.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"FHIR for FAIR implementation guide","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The guide is based on FHIR R4b to take advantage of the new capabilities offered by\nresources as the Citation, keeping in any case the compliance with already existing\nimplementations based on FHIR R4 (as this project).","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1686/c156","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/0e6ffb35a72645c5","nativeRecordCid":"e5a2234b-8211-4653-8d1c-04d1f1a8ec07","documentId":"osft-doc-1686","id":"c156","text":"The FHIR for FAIR implementation guide has been designed following an incremental, iterative and meet-in-the-middle approach.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"FHIR for FAIR implementation guide","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"It has been designed following\nan incremental, iterative  and meet-in-the -middle approach, without pretending to\ncover in this version of the guide all the aspects related to the data FAIRification.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1686/c157","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/ead424863b0b45b6","nativeRecordCid":"fe209b65-f517-4e64-a061-92401f5f83f1","documentId":"osft-doc-1686","id":"c157","text":"This version of the FHIR for FAIR implementation guide does not cover all aspects related to data FAIRification.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"FHIR for FAIR implementation guide","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"It has been designed following\nan incremental, iterative  and meet-in-the -middle approach, without pretending to\ncover in this version of the guide all the aspects related to the data FAIRification.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1686/c158","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/7329d1f889104b8d","nativeRecordCid":"cee07346-ef6e-4a1f-b71a-3376c989ee95","documentId":"osft-doc-1686","id":"c158","text":"The FHIR implementation of the FAIR principles must tackle challenges such as metadata/data mapping and the use of GUPRIs (Globally Unique, Persistent and Resolvable Identifiers).","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"","subject":"FHIR implementation of the FAIR principles","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"it describes some of the\nchallenges that the FHIR implementation of the FAIR principles need to tackle ( e.g.,\nmetadata / data mapping, use of GUPRIs ( Globally Unique, Persistent and Resolvable\nIdentifiers), etc).","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1686/c159","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/a92db36ad9024be5","nativeRecordCid":"85c023f2-5606-4b49-9850-f47149a017da","documentId":"osft-doc-1686","id":"c159","text":"The adoption of HL7 FHIR may help improve FAIRness, based on RDA indicators assessment.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"adoption of HL7 FHIR","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"A set of selected real-world scenarios used as case study, including FAIR4Health, have been then\nsummarised, highlighting challenges, lessons learned and describing how the adoption of HL7 FHIR\nmay help in improving FAIRNess (based on RDA indicators assessment).","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1686/c160","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/97b86dfffb1d467d","nativeRecordCid":"3acdd82d-7380-4f06-a517-a831ad4e64b6","documentId":"osft-doc-1686","id":"c160","text":"The FHIR for FAIR implementation guide's FHIR profiles, extensions and examples help implement the FAIR principles.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"FHIR for FAIR implementation guide","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Finally, the guide includes a series of FHIR profiles, extensions and examples representing\nsome study level metadata information and help the implementation of the FAIR principles.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1686/c161","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/2893ab2cefe14747","nativeRecordCid":"6dd77c67-e127-451e-8d32-15c1fbf3a1e6","documentId":"osft-doc-1686","id":"c161","text":"Health research institutions offering certified FAIR health data sets must establish infrastructure similar to the FAIR4Health platform for the FAIRification of data sets and the publication of relevant FAIR metadata.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"health research institutions offering certified FAIR health data sets","subject":"infrastructure for FAIRification","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"2) Establish infrastructure similar to the FAIR4Health platform for the FAIRification of\ndata sets and the publication of relevant FAIR metadata","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1686/c162","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/8e37a80fefdd414d","nativeRecordCid":"c7fd7bba-2362-4114-9093-a742daaa1a9b","documentId":"osft-doc-1686","id":"c162","text":"Health research institutions offering certified FAIR health data sets must adopt the FAIR4FHIR IG once available.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"health research institutions offering certified FAIR health data sets","subject":"FAIR4FHIR IG adoption","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"3) Adopt the FAIR4FHIR IG once available","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1686/c163","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/d4e98b0e4ee144e5","nativeRecordCid":"1c63ba6a-7ced-49e2-a8ca-21cb2ef7cb90","documentId":"osft-doc-1686","id":"c163","text":"The FAIR data ecosystem is immature to have a clear view of the FAIR data certification prospects ahead.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"FAIR data ecosystem","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Still the FAIR data ecosystem is immature to have a clear view of the FAIR data certification\nprospects ahead.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1686/c164","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/37da011424c844da","nativeRecordCid":"150341f4-3914-4b40-919f-fa96f2592bd3","documentId":"osft-doc-1686","id":"c164","text":"Implementing a FAIR strategy in health research, including training and skills development to facilitate researchers' compliance with FAIR principles, is important.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"FAIR strategy in health research","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"we have identified the importance of implementing a FAIR strategy in health research,\nincluding training and skills development to facilitate researchers' compliance with FAIR\nprinciples.","representedInStars":true}
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{"key":"osft-doc-1702/c6","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/6a58acf2be164ebf","nativeRecordCid":"0cc3ff4c-4537-4240-9926-21dad70c15b2","documentId":"osft-doc-1702","id":"c6","text":"Open science is enabled by technology.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"open science","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Open science is enabled by people, technology and infrastructure.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1702/c7","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/da071e97be59428b","nativeRecordCid":"7322b022-9789-4932-a117-b7c3ecdfbc6c","documentId":"osft-doc-1702","id":"c7","text":"Open science is enabled by infrastructure.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"open science","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Open science is enabled by people, technology and infrastructure.","representedInStars":true}
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{"key":"osft-doc-1702/c10","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/f4493425723741ca","nativeRecordCid":"fb06cbb5-fd5e-4b97-852a-420c8e0d1102","documentId":"osft-doc-1702","id":"c10","text":"Making scientific inputs, outputs and processes freely available makes science more inclusive.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"open science","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"By making scientific inputs, outputs and processes freely available, science is made more transparent, inclusive and is accelerated.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1702/c11","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/05b9e48e0af9451b","nativeRecordCid":"3b9cf5a8-0df3-45b7-aebe-6ca610719a95","documentId":"osft-doc-1702","id":"c11","text":"Making scientific inputs, outputs and processes freely available accelerates science.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"open science","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"By making scientific inputs, outputs and processes freely available, science is made more transparent, inclusive and is accelerated.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1702/c12","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/4b1ed50fada94229","nativeRecordCid":"12055f33-2fe2-42d8-8dc8-f0c9d85b37cc","documentId":"osft-doc-1702","id":"c12","text":"Open science is not the way science has historically been conducted.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"open science","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Open science is not the way science has historically been conducted.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1702/c13","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/28842229ad804000","nativeRecordCid":"ac48e8af-687e-4cfd-8b4f-b16df597caf4","documentId":"osft-doc-1702","id":"c13","text":"Tradition, culture and incentives have created an environment where scientific inputs, outputs and processes are closed or accessible only to researchers and/or collaborators, or accessible for a fee.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"scientific inputs, outputs and processes","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Tradition, culture and incentives have created an environment where scientific inputs, outputs and processes are either closed, or accessible only to the researchers and/or collaborators themselves or for a fee (access to data and publications often involves a fee).","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1702/c14","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/428cc4f8b1774226","nativeRecordCid":"30e8525d-fc24-4b45-ad88-62c09a0c60e1","documentId":"osft-doc-1702","id":"c14","text":"ECCC has long been a leader in open science within the Government of Canada.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"ECCC","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"ECCC has long been a leader in open science within the Government of Canada, having been a lead department for Open Science Commitments since the Third NAP.","representedInStars":false}
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{"key":"osft-doc-1702/c17","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/f8e1fa2b92934389","nativeRecordCid":"3032dd3c-77eb-4945-a2a4-42448d28a194","documentId":"osft-doc-1702","id":"c17","text":"Data transparency is a foundation for increasing confidence in government decision-making.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"data transparency","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"ECCC recognizes data transparency as a foundation for increasing confidence in government decision-making and improving the department’s management and use of data.","representedInStars":false}
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{"key":"osft-doc-1702/c24","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/6a86d97c69314dc7","nativeRecordCid":"7e65af53-857b-4ad4-89ab-f8a9010e3e3a","documentId":"osft-doc-1702","id":"c24","text":"Knowledge Mobilization feeds back into Ideation within the Open Science Life Cycle.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"Open Science Life Cycle","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The fourth category, Knowledge Mobilization, feeds back into the first, Ideation.","representedInStars":false}
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{"key":"osft-doc-1702/c58","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/ab372e57c7e94354","nativeRecordCid":"f247352d-2509-4848-804c-0da4dec65929","documentId":"osft-doc-1702","id":"c58","text":"Scientific publications and other research products, including government publications, are the main conduit for the communication of scientific results.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"scientific publications","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The main conduit for the communication of scientific results are scientific publications and other research products including government publications, the third stage in the Open Science Life Cycle.","representedInStars":false}
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{"key":"osft-doc-1702/c70","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/c9623ce5f3f74bb5","nativeRecordCid":"72a69100-5784-4344-9455-fa132edcaeae","documentId":"osft-doc-1702","id":"c70","text":"Documents should be provided free of charge and without a registration requirement.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"Government of Canada","subject":"open access documents","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"For the purposes of the Government of Canada, open access means that documents should be made proactively available on the Internet, and should be provided free of charge and registration.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1702/c71","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/4b13858f13f646ae","nativeRecordCid":"7129340d-10a7-44f0-8d41-a13c018463c4","documentId":"osft-doc-1702","id":"c71","text":"Documents made available in fulfillment of information requests are not considered open access.","kind":"definitional","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"information request documents","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"For instance, documents made available in fulfillment of information requests are not considered open access.","representedInStars":false}
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{"key":"osft-doc-1737/c13","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/20efe914e3454701","nativeRecordCid":"4399ed94-618e-4211-a604-1c75b1433188","documentId":"osft-doc-1737","id":"c13","text":"Canada has an opportunity to be a part of the global Open Science movement to shape its global vision.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"Canada","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Canada has an opportunity to be a part of this movement to shape the global vision of Open Science.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1737/c14","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/8101541b8bc64710","nativeRecordCid":"49c12bf1-0692-49aa-949e-8acb2bf3408e","documentId":"osft-doc-1737","id":"c14","text":"Open Science is a shared commitment between all stakeholders.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"Open Science","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Open Science is a shared commitment between all stakeholders.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1737/c15","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/8073f0c882cb4a2c","nativeRecordCid":"1383fde0-d514-4716-8056-a6528b074fd5","documentId":"osft-doc-1737","id":"c15","text":"The scientific community is integral to Open Science.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"scientific community","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The scientific community is integral to Open Science and needs to be meaningfully engaged at every stage of the process, including the design, implementation and evaluation of its effectiveness and impact.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1737/c16","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/33f823fe5de1461a","nativeRecordCid":"50ea8687-d7a0-49ad-80cb-1334d8a9dbd8","documentId":"osft-doc-1737","id":"c16","text":"The scientific community needs to be meaningfully engaged at every stage of the Open Science process, including design, implementation and evaluation of its effectiveness and impact.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"","subject":"scientific community engagement","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The scientific community is integral to Open Science and needs to be meaningfully engaged at every stage of the process, including the design, implementation and evaluation of its effectiveness and impact.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1737/c17","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/aad9155ddfa84b13","nativeRecordCid":"cbf31b77-c246-410c-bf00-1617c471970d","documentId":"osft-doc-1737","id":"c17","text":"Scientific research outputs should be Open by Design and by Default.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"","subject":"scientific research outputs","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Scientific research outputs are “Open by Design and by Default”; they are “FAIR”, i.e. Findable, Accessible, Interoperable and Reusable.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1737/c18","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/a5fb80216c3446a0","nativeRecordCid":"f60a0cf9-dc0a-4cda-8d01-530b9e92d9c9","documentId":"osft-doc-1737","id":"c18","text":"Scientific research outputs should be FAIR, i.e. Findable, Accessible, Interoperable and Reusable.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"","subject":"scientific research outputs","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Scientific research outputs are “Open by Design and by Default”; they are “FAIR”, i.e. Findable, Accessible, Interoperable and Reusable.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1737/c19","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/627ca8c1c19e4fe9","nativeRecordCid":"596dfe32-2afd-4f20-90b2-8c6dddf2ee9a","documentId":"osft-doc-1737","id":"c19","text":"Withholding scientific research outputs requires a valid reason consistent with a framework on which scientific information will be kept private or confidential.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"","subject":"withholding scientific research outputs","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Withholding scientific research outputs requires a valid reason consistent with a framework (to be developed) on which scientific information will be kept private or confidential.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1737/c20","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/e3fdca96cd91440d","nativeRecordCid":"e6859cc0-e17d-407e-9696-92172d650435","documentId":"osft-doc-1737","id":"c20","text":"Diverse and inclusive approaches should be used in achieving Open Science, reflecting the breadth of perspectives across scientific communities and knowledge systems.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"","subject":"approaches to achieving Open Science","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"In achieving Open Science, diverse and inclusive approaches are used, reflecting the breadth of perspectives across scientific communities and knowledge systems.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1737/c21","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/244491c3ad0543fc","nativeRecordCid":"f9f4904d-7b94-43fa-9f1b-e15a519249e7","documentId":"osft-doc-1737","id":"c21","text":"Open Science enables collaborations between and among intramural and extramural science communities, within Canada and globally.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"Open Science","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Open Science enables collaborations between and among intramural and extramural science communities, within Canada and globally.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1737/c22","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/59ee019eaae74254","nativeRecordCid":"dff4d3f1-9e9a-4f61-b409-13fa430b0519","documentId":"osft-doc-1737","id":"c22","text":"The practice of Open Science requires a sustainable approach with concrete steps forward and the commitment necessary to achieve the long-term vision.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"","subject":"practice of Open Science","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The practice of Open Science requires a sustainable approach with concrete steps forward and the commitment necessary to achieve the long-term vision.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1737/c23","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/248227934ed24773","nativeRecordCid":"c79a8aca-855a-4b21-a009-fe8746748d9a","documentId":"osft-doc-1737","id":"c23","text":"Canada should adopt an Open Science approach to federally funded scientific and research outputs.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"Canada","subject":"Open Science approach adoption","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Canada should adopt an Open Science approach to federally funded scientific and research outputs.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1737/c24","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/a767dca091b44071","nativeRecordCid":"3a460aee-ce8b-4a45-89b2-d9f6e8734ca1","documentId":"osft-doc-1737","id":"c24","text":"Implementation of an Open Science approach should take a phased approach.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"","subject":"implementation of Open Science approach","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Given the complexities associated with adopting an Open Science approach, implementation should take a phased approach.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1737/c25","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/a96ab0df90c842d4","nativeRecordCid":"b31a9ef1-39ef-4c0f-83be-7fbec10f23e4","documentId":"osft-doc-1737","id":"c25","text":"Federal departments and agencies should conduct intradepartmental consultations with the science community before February 2021 to seek feedback on, and address in the action plan, the challenges and opportunities of Open Science.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"Federal departments and agencies","subject":"intradepartmental consultations","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Federal departments and agencies should conduct intradepartmental consultations with the science community before February 2021 to seek feedback on, and address in the action plan, the challenges and opportunities of Open Science.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1737/c26","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/a8b0319baf34442b","nativeRecordCid":"f3e22e21-8b39-4328-a1b3-b0d484e5d3a9","documentId":"osft-doc-1737","id":"c26","text":"Intradepartmental consultations should be led by the Department's Open Science Champion(s).","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"Department's Open Science Champion(s)","subject":"leadership of intradepartmental consultations","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"These should be led by the Department’s Open Science Champion(s), e.g., Departmental Science Advisor, Chief Science Officer, Assistant Deputy Minister and Vice President Science.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1737/c27","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/dc1950bd59144028","nativeRecordCid":"d10caf6d-245a-4c4f-a3e7-67af8f413a10","documentId":"osft-doc-1737","id":"c27","text":"Feedback received from intradepartmental consultations should inform the Open Science action plans.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"","subject":"Open Science action plans","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Feedback received should inform the Open Science action plans","representedInStars":false}
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{"key":"osft-doc-1737/c29","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/dddb130ff2fe4c84","nativeRecordCid":"dbf16ad3-cd5b-41f6-8c6d-3252b437fddd","documentId":"osft-doc-1737","id":"c29","text":"Open Science action plans should include plans for a common, phased approach towards making federal science open and readily and easily available to Canadians.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"departments and agencies","subject":"Open Science action plans content","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"This should include plans for a common, phased approach towards making federal science open (taking into account Recommendations","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1737/c30","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/11f4f4074bd04c0c","nativeRecordCid":"9471d38d-c6ac-41ef-b1e5-39657b60b01b","documentId":"osft-doc-1737","id":"c30","text":"Newly generated scientific research outputs produced by federal scientists and researchers, and scientific research outputs contracted by federal departments and agencies, need to be made Open by Design and by Default.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"federal scientists and researchers; federal departments and agencies","subject":"newly generated and contracted scientific research outputs","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Newly generated scientific research outputs produced by federal scientists and researchers, as well as scientific research outputs that were contracted by federal departments and agencies need to be made “Open by Design and by Default.”","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1737/c31","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/319b123baa9f4e38","nativeRecordCid":"16a4a0e2-5864-41b9-83cd-d5c62c2ff67d","documentId":"osft-doc-1737","id":"c31","text":"For legacy data, a responsive action plan should be developed to share data requested with a time-bound commitment for delivery.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"","subject":"legacy data action plan","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"For legacy data, a responsive action plan should be developed to share data requested with time-bound commitment for delivery.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1737/c32","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/9b3feea681c74d5a","nativeRecordCid":"ab1a29a3-c515-4477-b7d8-103420d776da","documentId":"osft-doc-1737","id":"c32","text":"Federal departments and agencies should collaborate on central approaches to common elements of their plans, particularly in terms of IT solutions, guiding principles regarding official languages, web-accessibility and timelines.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"Federal departments and agencies","subject":"central approaches to Open Science plans","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Federal departments and agencies should collaborate on central approaches to common elements of their plans to achieve this recommendation, particularly, in terms of IT solutions, guiding principles with regards to official languages, web- accessibility and timelines.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1737/c33","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/12b2ebc9cf134e59","nativeRecordCid":"06f7f391-055f-4890-820b-5850ec9c05b4","documentId":"osft-doc-1737","id":"c33","text":"Open Science action plans should include a performance measurement element.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"departments and agencies","subject":"Open Science action plans","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The action plans should include a performance measurement element.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1737/c34","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/4e16b8071feb4f74","nativeRecordCid":"49657f95-0fab-498e-9a1f-ef2bb10da292","documentId":"osft-doc-1737","id":"c34","text":"Metrics for Open Science should lay a foundation for the performance measurement element of the action plans.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"","subject":"Open Science metrics","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Metrics for Open Science have been developed by the Open Science Metrics Working Group convened by Environment and Climate Change Canada, these should lay a foundation for the performance measurement element of the action plans.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1737/c35","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/8153ea8154ac4506","nativeRecordCid":"e7a73843-013a-4622-b04d-d6f15bdbb04a","documentId":"osft-doc-1737","id":"c35","text":"Federal departments and agencies should make federal science articles openly accessible by January 2022.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"Federal departments and agencies","subject":"federal science articles accessibility","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Federal departments and agencies should make federal science articles","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1737/c36","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/bd86e1b63cfd47ca","nativeRecordCid":"4a027a74-704c-43b8-b4e6-8aa434f33f12","documentId":"osft-doc-1737","id":"c36","text":"Federal departments and agencies should make federal science publications openly accessible by January 2023, while respecting privacy, security, ethical considerations and appropriate intellectual property protection.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"Federal departments and agencies","subject":"federal science publications accessibility","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"openly accessible by January 2023, while respecting privacy, security, ethical considerations and appropriate intellectual property protection.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1737/c37","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/17f2060b779a4914","nativeRecordCid":"3df687cd-6f57-4817-b940-1369503d9eed","documentId":"osft-doc-1737","id":"c37","text":"For legacy publications, a responsive action plan should be developed to share publications requested with a time-bound commitment for delivery.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"","subject":"legacy publications action plan","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"For legacy publications, a responsive action plan should be developed to share publications requested with time-bound commitment for delivery.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1737/c38","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/c7a56f1b6b394ec4","nativeRecordCid":"6015fb87-cfb7-433d-9091-764ca53d1be2","documentId":"osft-doc-1737","id":"c38","text":"When a research project and resulting publication have received support from multiple funders, the federal government should uphold the most open of the Open Access policies.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"federal government","subject":"Open Access policy choice for multi-funder research","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"When a research project and resulting publication have received support from multiple funders, the federal government should uphold the most open of the Open Access policies.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1737/c39","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/5117d97c4d5e4068","nativeRecordCid":"ab136b2a-9698-4676-8c4b-8ea7f00108c1","documentId":"osft-doc-1737","id":"c39","text":"The federal science community should use a common approach to achieving open access to federal science articles and publications.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"federal science community","subject":"common approach to open access","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The federal science community should use a common approach to achieving this recommendation.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1737/c40","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/69aacac2b59f490f","nativeRecordCid":"8d7fae7d-a5e6-4172-8c85-f1d30b5a156f","documentId":"osft-doc-1737","id":"c40","text":"The federal science community may explore the opportunity to develop shared tools and infrastructure to meet the open access target.","kind":"normative","modality":"may","actor":"federal science community","subject":"shared tools and infrastructure","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"It may explore the opportunity to develop shared tools and infrastructure to meet this target.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1737/c41","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/78a7a707d9834c34","nativeRecordCid":"7de65e01-b404-403d-998d-af4cb1ccb232","documentId":"osft-doc-1737","id":"c41","text":"Federal departments and agencies should develop strategies and tools to implement FAIR data principles to ensure interoperability of scientific and research data and metadata standards by January 2023, with full implementation by January 2025.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"Federal departments and agencies","subject":"FAIR data principles implementation","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Federal departments and agencies should develop strategies and tools to implement FAIR data principles to ensure interoperability of scientific and research data","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1737/c42","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/cd718465ac13418e","nativeRecordCid":"1edfe1c1-f50f-4360-bfa4-2a4fa1468c8e","documentId":"osft-doc-1737","id":"c42","text":"Implementation of FAIR data principles requires strong data management practices, including annotation and curation to the most updated standards.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"","subject":"FAIR data principles implementation","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"A pre-requisite for the implementation of FAIR data principles is strong data management practices, including annotation and curation to the most updated standards (e.g. current data and metadata standards).","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1737/c43","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/eb9d988faecb44a7","nativeRecordCid":"0f6579fc-c1e2-4779-8127-37ef68337b7e","documentId":"osft-doc-1737","id":"c43","text":"When commonly agreed data and metadata standards are not available, engagement and coordination with the extramural and international scientific communities and disciplinary societies may be required to achieve interoperability of scientific and research data and metadata.","kind":"normative","modality":"may","actor":"","subject":"interoperability of scientific and research data","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"When commonly agreed data and metadata standards are not available, meaningful engagement and coordination with the extramural and international scientific communities and disciplinary societies may be required to achieve interoperability of scientific and research data and metadata.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1737/c44","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/c97558cbdbbe4ee5","nativeRecordCid":"1406898c-f0e4-4f07-923d-234a049bc30d","documentId":"osft-doc-1737","id":"c44","text":"The federal science community should use a common approach to implement FAIR data principles.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"federal science community","subject":"common approach to FAIR data implementation","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The federal science community should use a common approach to achieve this recommendation.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1737/c45","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/902727c667834eca","nativeRecordCid":"02584e9f-0fec-4bfd-a4e4-51c0999af397","documentId":"osft-doc-1737","id":"c45","text":"The common approach to implementing FAIR data principles should be co-led by the Treasury Board Secretariat (Chief Information Officer) and the Office of the Chief Science Advisor.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"Treasury Board Secretariat; Office of the Chief Science Advisor","subject":"co-leadership of FAIR data implementation","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"This should be co-led by the Treasury Board Secretariat (Chief Information Officer) and the Office of Chief Science Advisor.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1737/c46","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/fbf4c36caf7546b8","nativeRecordCid":"1b24ebc9-82bd-4ac5-9925-b036a0562cc5","documentId":"osft-doc-1737","id":"c46","text":"The Data Strategy Roadmap and the Open Science Action Plan should be aligned.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"","subject":"Data Strategy Roadmap and Open Science Action Plan alignment","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The Data Strategy Roadmap and the Open Science Action Plan should be aligned.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1737/c47","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/bcc283bc94da41c8","nativeRecordCid":"cdfc8c49-9584-445e-ac36-b2b36f8e7f79","documentId":"osft-doc-1737","id":"c47","text":"Consideration should be given to scientific and research data when developing and implementing data strategies in response to the 2018 Data Strategy Roadmap for the Federal Public Service.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"","subject":"data strategies development","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"For this to happen, consideration should be given to scientific and research data when developing and implementing data strategies in response to the 2018 Data Strategy Roadmap for the Federal Public Service.","representedInStars":true}
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{"key":"osft-doc-1737/c88","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/c01945c7991b44c2","nativeRecordCid":"ad91009c-a46f-4cb2-9d3c-17e2e4807153","documentId":"osft-doc-1737","id":"c88","text":"Scientific and research data include survey and surveillance data.","kind":"definitional","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"scientific and research data","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Data that include, but are not limited to, observational, monitoring, operational, modelling and simulation, risk-assessment, survey and surveillance, research and development and technology innovation data.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1737/c89","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/fa8ebc239f52427d","nativeRecordCid":"08e0aca3-65b3-4df5-b6af-857f36772f47","documentId":"osft-doc-1737","id":"c89","text":"Scientific and research data include research and development data.","kind":"definitional","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"scientific and research data","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Data that include, but are not limited to, observational, monitoring, operational, modelling and simulation, risk-assessment, survey and surveillance, research and development and technology innovation data.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1737/c90","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/5459bc57874442aa","nativeRecordCid":"b0cbfdc7-6d58-4696-8477-49b0fb242b18","documentId":"osft-doc-1737","id":"c90","text":"Scientific and research data include technology innovation data.","kind":"definitional","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"scientific and research data","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Data that include, but are not limited to, observational, monitoring, operational, modelling and simulation, risk-assessment, survey and surveillance, research and development and technology innovation data.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1767/c1","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/4c342df248194d12","nativeRecordCid":"7a053503-6aa5-4340-8db7-5e6ebca9c2bc","documentId":"osft-doc-1767","id":"c1","text":"Europe is the single biggest labour market for research in the world.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"Europe's research labour market","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"This makes Europe the single biggest labour market for research in the \nworld.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1767/c2","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/6d65866d3f50408e","nativeRecordCid":"9ce07233-8c1b-43ba-a08a-8d90ab32a10a","documentId":"osft-doc-1767","id":"c2","text":"Career perspectives and research autonomy are determining factors in the choice of a position.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"career perspectives and research autonomy","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Career studies show that career perspectives and research autonomy are determining fact ors in \nthe choice of a position.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1767/c3","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/e04d60be845949bd","nativeRecordCid":"b1f78e23-f608-4ad0-ab82-814f71b2bd3e","documentId":"osft-doc-1767","id":"c3","text":"The challenge of the job is a bigger driver of career choice than salary or other material rewards, certainly for ESRs.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"challenge of the job as a driver","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The challenge of the job is a main driver, more than salary or other \nmaterial rewards, certainly for ESRs.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1767/c4","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/57b9163706764923","nativeRecordCid":"786419d7-c00f-46e4-b7d9-2f14270444c8","documentId":"osft-doc-1767","id":"c4","text":"Society wants and needs talent, more than technology, from universities.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"society's needs from universities","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"it is talent, \nmore than technology, that society wants and needs from universities","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1767/c5","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/7fb813f147744f03","nativeRecordCid":"7a5e29a2-8dc3-4cca-937a-57c16da30cf8","documentId":"osft-doc-1767","id":"c5","text":"ESRs need to be given opportunities to pursue their own ideas.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"","subject":"ESRs' opportunities","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"ESRs need to \nbe given opportunities to pursue their own ideas, to work as creative and intellectual risk \ntakers, and to develop into independent inve stigators.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1767/c6","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/5c67cea555b446f2","nativeRecordCid":"8af58b04-3e7d-44d0-923c-e863f2d153b0","documentId":"osft-doc-1767","id":"c6","text":"ESRs need to be given opportunities to work as creative and intellectual risk takers.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"","subject":"ESRs' opportunities","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"ESRs need to \nbe given opportunities to pursue their own ideas, to work as creative and intellectual risk \ntakers, and to develop into independent inve stigators.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1767/c7","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/9d8c7353ab1e46a8","nativeRecordCid":"ae83fe74-72fd-46dc-b909-9d22c367c1c4","documentId":"osft-doc-1767","id":"c7","text":"ESRs need to be given opportunities to develop into independent investigators.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"","subject":"ESRs' opportunities","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"ESRs need to \nbe given opportunities to pursue their own ideas, to work as creative and intellectual risk \ntakers, and to develop into independent inve stigators.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1767/c8","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/833fb80bf0404646","nativeRecordCid":"77e94709-40d8-4129-b8bc-bdb8babeb15e","documentId":"osft-doc-1767","id":"c8","text":"Transparent and merit-based hiring and promotion processes are essential.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"","subject":"hiring and promotion processes","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Transparent and merit -based hiring \nand promotion processes are essential.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1767/c9","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/4df6ce1dd51e4458","nativeRecordCid":"dfe11aa7-420d-493f-b635-689bce9f9c3e","documentId":"osft-doc-1767","id":"c9","text":"ESRs have a vital role in driving innovation.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"ESRs' role in innovation","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"We welcome the recognition of the vital role that ESRs \nhave in driving innovation and hence contributing to European prosperity in the Competitiveness \nCouncil conclusions of 29 November 2016.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1767/c10","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/515cf100fee347d4","nativeRecordCid":"df69778a-1ab4-46ee-9927-50a5f1d5be52","documentId":"osft-doc-1767","id":"c10","text":"ESRs have a vital role in contributing to European prosperity.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"ESRs' role in European prosperity","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"We welcome the recognition of the vital role that ESRs \nhave in driving innovation and hence contributing to European prosperity in the Competitiveness \nCouncil conclusions of 29 November 2016.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1767/c11","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/f1fe2716c7f547a0","nativeRecordCid":"aa46b256-9cc9-4f6d-8854-2615a28846bd","documentId":"osft-doc-1767","id":"c11","text":"LERU universities focus on training ESRs for jobs inside and outside academia.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"LERU universities' ESR training focus","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"LERU universities are focused on training ESRs for jobs \ninside and (to a large and increasing extent) outside academia.","representedInStars":false}
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{"key":"osft-doc-1767/c19","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/1f3e35cacfde4cb7","nativeRecordCid":"fff83ae5-62d4-4933-beff-c0e985d45f66","documentId":"osft-doc-1767","id":"c19","text":"LERU is pro-active in advancing RRI-related topics on the European agenda.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"LERU's advocacy role","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"LERU is pro -active in advancing these topics on the European agenda,","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1767/c20","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/18e69a4bd7c44773","nativeRecordCid":"6968ff13-0510-4e58-98ec-86599c9f0016","documentId":"osft-doc-1767","id":"c20","text":"Digital technologies are an important skill for researchers.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"digital technologies as a researcher skill","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Digital technologies, entrepreneurship and knowledge transfer are noted in the Council \nconclusions as examples of other important skills, which LERU supports,","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1767/c21","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/b6b0c10b933b4454","nativeRecordCid":"986de7f7-d986-4585-847a-f41329484482","documentId":"osft-doc-1767","id":"c21","text":"Entrepreneurship is an important skill for researchers.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"entrepreneurship as a researcher skill","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Digital technologies, entrepreneurship and knowledge transfer are noted in the Council \nconclusions as examples of other important skills, which LERU supports,","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1767/c22","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/f79e645b2b384b7b","nativeRecordCid":"bf8d87af-eb8e-4d51-b61e-6b71d2ae7003","documentId":"osft-doc-1767","id":"c22","text":"Knowledge transfer is an important skill for researchers.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"knowledge transfer as a researcher skill","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Digital technologies, entrepreneurship and knowledge transfer are noted in the Council \nconclusions as examples of other important skills, which LERU supports,","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1767/c23","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/4e5accbd8ec04c07","nativeRecordCid":"e142da8c-ccce-447a-ba96-a28c32455cad","documentId":"osft-doc-1767","id":"c23","text":"Doctorates in cooperation with industry have great value.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"doctorates in cooperation with industry","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Doctorates in cooperation with industry do have great value,","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1767/c24","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/25a7db117b084d85","nativeRecordCid":"cb243719-c61f-448f-8e37-352b34b19313","documentId":"osft-doc-1767","id":"c24","text":"Doctorates in cooperation with industry must not be seen as a panacea to better prepare doctoral graduates for the job market.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"","subject":"doctorates in cooperation with industry","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"but must not be seen as a \npanacea to better prepare doctoral graduates  for the job market.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1767/c25","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/348f25e804674928","nativeRecordCid":"a7b222d9-1a86-437f-b51d-85c236281a67","documentId":"osft-doc-1767","id":"c25","text":"Useful policy work on these skills issues may be done at the European level.","kind":"normative","modality":"may","actor":"","subject":"policy work at European level","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Useful policy work in these \nareas could be done at the European level,","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1767/c26","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/54bb615b7bcd4c1b","nativeRecordCid":"583fbd23-7333-457b-9a87-e97513514867","documentId":"osft-doc-1767","id":"c26","text":"The Steering Group Human Resources and Mobility (SGHRM) has delivered important work in the past.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"SGHRM","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"the Steering Group Human \nResources and Mobility (SGHRM), which has delivered important work in the past.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1767/c27","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/0eef3c6c20394e3b","nativeRecordCid":"5323b451-6459-4398-a9c2-de557390a53b","documentId":"osft-doc-1767","id":"c27","text":"SGHRM should continue its work on doctoral education.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"SGHRM","subject":"SGHRM's work on doctoral education","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"LERU is keen \nfor this group to continue i ts work on doctoral education and to be involved in this type of \ncollaboration between MS, EC and universities.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1767/c28","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/ea90be0af0944f25","nativeRecordCid":"de973109-5d28-4729-823c-fdddd9baf4f1","documentId":"osft-doc-1767","id":"c28","text":"SGHRM should be involved in this type of collaboration between Member States, the European Commission and universities.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"SGHRM","subject":"SGHRM's involvement in collaboration","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"LERU is keen \nfor this group to continue i ts work on doctoral education and to be involved in this type of \ncollaboration between MS, EC and universities.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1767/c29","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/de316e41002c4f12","nativeRecordCid":"af9e1965-2884-4673-b2a7-51f3f70ad786","documentId":"osft-doc-1767","id":"c29","text":"Member States should adequately support PhD candidates on the basis of quality assessment while respecting the autonomy of universities.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"Member States","subject":"support for PhD candidates","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"We wholeheartedly agree with the Council conclusions encouraging Member States to adequately \nsupport PhD candidates “on the basis of quality ass essment while respecting autonomy of \nuniversities”.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1767/c30","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/ca69d30d3d8243a7","nativeRecordCid":"f17395c5-00d8-40a6-8cb6-05c6f555c149","documentId":"osft-doc-1767","id":"c30","text":"A quality culture in doctoral education should be strongly supported by the university leadership.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"university leadership","subject":"quality culture in doctoral education","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The paper recommends that a quality culture in \ndoctoral education be strongly supported by the university leadership,","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1767/c31","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/f41510a41c2c4537","nativeRecordCid":"a78035d7-f68b-40e3-9b00-b675b498b2b6","documentId":"osft-doc-1767","id":"c31","text":"Review processes for doctoral education should consider programmes as well as individual outcomes.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"","subject":"review processes in doctoral education","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"that review processes \nconsider programmes as well as individual outcomes,","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1767/c32","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/5b44a48058604516","nativeRecordCid":"8e661b00-dfdb-444f-aed5-1c7367a62069","documentId":"osft-doc-1767","id":"c32","text":"Independent expertise should be involved in review processes for doctoral education.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"","subject":"review processes in doctoral education","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"that inde pendent expertise is involved,","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1767/c33","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/82ebfeeaeea34763","nativeRecordCid":"d16b1e6c-3eba-40db-b4db-e28299977605","documentId":"osft-doc-1767","id":"c33","text":"The quality of the research environment as well as the quality of the output should be considered in review processes for doctoral education.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"","subject":"review processes in doctoral education","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"that the quality of the research environment as well as the quality of the output is considered,","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1767/c34","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/ba2b171514e14c0d","nativeRecordCid":"9e1864d7-0a47-4e02-b616-42de04111877","documentId":"osft-doc-1767","id":"c34","text":"Processes for doctoral education quality assurance should be transparent.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"","subject":"doctoral education quality processes","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"and that processes are transparent and information easily accessible.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1767/c35","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/a484e4e3206f4fb5","nativeRecordCid":"92c1f20c-8397-4022-8dda-3eca2aff8312","documentId":"osft-doc-1767","id":"c35","text":"Information about doctoral education quality processes should be easily accessible.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"","subject":"information on doctoral education processes","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"and that processes are transparent and information easily accessible.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1767/c36","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/14dd860fb7074685","nativeRecordCid":"8e81ecae-a70e-40d6-a16d-60fe3c56bb99","documentId":"osft-doc-1767","id":"c36","text":"Policy makers and funders should acknowledge, encourage and reward universities that have good quality assurance systems in place.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"policy makers and funders","subject":"universities with good quality assurance","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The LERU paper also \nrecommends that policy makers and fund ers acknowledge, encourage and reward universities \nthat have good quality assurance systems in place.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1767/c37","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/19505e10a9644e64","nativeRecordCid":"aad273ed-eafe-49c2-9730-7cc901581037","documentId":"osft-doc-1767","id":"c37","text":"Member States should encourage universities and other research institutions to establish or support innovative practice to provide clear and well-structured career paths.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"Member States","subject":"career paths for researchers","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Member States can and should, where necessary, encourage universities and other research \ninstitutions to establish or support innovative practice to provi de clear and well -structured \ncareer paths","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1767/c38","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/9e8c69adff0842e3","nativeRecordCid":"4d8d3d1d-640a-495f-83fd-d73f3ff73fef","documentId":"osft-doc-1767","id":"c38","text":"Member States should encourage universities and other research institutions to establish or support innovative practice to foster transparent recruitment procedures.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"Member States","subject":"transparent recruitment procedures","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"and to foster transparent recruitment procedures.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1767/c39","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/18d66b5cfc8348b8","nativeRecordCid":"a060ecc5-729d-4af5-8379-fd84cd78cb4e","documentId":"osft-doc-1767","id":"c39","text":"Member State encouragement of universities on career paths and recruitment should be done in consultation with universities, respecting their autonomy.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"Member States","subject":"consultation with universities on autonomy","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Again, this should be done in \nconsultation with universities, respecting their autonomy,","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1767/c40","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/4f98abc57b3c4085","nativeRecordCid":"3db255ba-fbed-4540-9195-eff5e2d8bd6c","documentId":"osft-doc-1767","id":"c40","text":"Good practice on career paths and recruitment should be spread more widely.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"","subject":"good practice on careers","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"There is good practice to \nbe spread more widely (at LERU universities and elsewhere),","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1767/c41","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/56173d4e8af449d9","nativeRecordCid":"791963da-2b74-40ad-9090-d7b086dcce89","documentId":"osft-doc-1767","id":"c41","text":"There are big differences between countries, universities, and local or individual situations within Europe regarding career-related practice.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"differences across Europe in career practice","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"but there are also big differences \nbetween countries, universities, and local or individual situations  within Europe.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1767/c42","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/8d3c960110084e32","nativeRecordCid":"e1ddb837-1699-48ad-9c1f-d1f44aabe4b1","documentId":"osft-doc-1767","id":"c42","text":"It is necessary to learn from the existing good practice on researchers' career conditions.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"","subject":"learning from good practice","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"We need to \nlearn from what good practice there is and work to create more attractive conditions all over \nEurope, at local, national and EU level.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1767/c43","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/47930d0a1b884a26","nativeRecordCid":"28a15042-7780-480c-bc3e-ac9bef851444","documentId":"osft-doc-1767","id":"c43","text":"More attractive career conditions should be created all over Europe, at local, national and EU level.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"","subject":"attractive career conditions in Europe","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"We need to \nlearn from what good practice there is and work to create more attractive conditions all over \nEurope, at local, national and EU level.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1767/c44","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/5d1b8bd81ffc4fd3","nativeRecordCid":"16d78df2-0987-4edf-b83f-214b50b5d29f","documentId":"osft-doc-1767","id":"c44","text":"EU framework programmes for research should support in a better way the bright minds everywhere in Europe.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"EU framework programmes for research","subject":"support for bright minds in Europe","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"the EU framework programmes \nfor research should “ support in a better way the bri ght minds, everywhere in Europe, \nguarantee them a correct remuneration and stimulate and reinforce the local build -up of \nexcellence”.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1767/c45","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/dede5808e3244019","nativeRecordCid":"d950b1fc-a219-44f4-93d9-c26e54b88134","documentId":"osft-doc-1767","id":"c45","text":"EU framework programmes for research should guarantee researchers a correct remuneration.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"EU framework programmes for research","subject":"researcher remuneration","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"the EU framework programmes \nfor research should “ support in a better way the bri ght minds, everywhere in Europe, \nguarantee them a correct remuneration and stimulate and reinforce the local build -up of \nexcellence”.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1767/c46","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/c2ef550b257448ea","nativeRecordCid":"a77cf6fd-7cf9-4718-8b89-3d9b9baf3795","documentId":"osft-doc-1767","id":"c46","text":"EU framework programmes for research should stimulate and reinforce the local build-up of excellence.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"EU framework programmes for research","subject":"local build-up of excellence","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"the EU framework programmes \nfor research should “ support in a better way the bri ght minds, everywhere in Europe, \nguarantee them a correct remuneration and stimulate and reinforce the local build -up of \nexcellence”.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1767/c47","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/79fb69fd965e4817","nativeRecordCid":"b58f3d65-17bc-41d2-a962-33b82bd6fc3f","documentId":"osft-doc-1767","id":"c47","text":"Governmental research money has increasingly been spent via competitive grants for fixed, short-term contracts rather than directly to universities and research institutions for permanent contracts.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"governmental research funding trend","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Governmental research money has been spent more and more via competitive grants – for fixed, \nshort-term contracts – and l ess to universities and research institutions directly – e.g. for \npermanent contracts.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1767/c48","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/a6e5032c81774025","nativeRecordCid":"1015299b-74f7-4a84-b148-3c6d24d291ca","documentId":"osft-doc-1767","id":"c48","text":"Growing numbers of highly qualified post-doctoral researchers are confronted with a constant small number of faculty positions.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"post-doctoral researchers and faculty positions","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Since growing numbers of highly qualified post -doctoral researchers are \nconfronted with a constant small number of faculty positions,","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1767/c49","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/dd066769f5ec4e5a","nativeRecordCid":"9d174411-4f01-436b-9027-24151d9c7318","documentId":"osft-doc-1767","id":"c49","text":"Many post-doctoral researchers are frustrated even though they are satisfied with and passionate about the work itself.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"post-doctoral researchers' frustration","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"unfortunately many of them are \nfrustrated even as they are actually satisfied with and passionate about the work itself.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1767/c50","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/aa9055c83b714c9d","nativeRecordCid":"f4481353-e327-45aa-b02d-461a34d4437a","documentId":"osft-doc-1767","id":"c50","text":"The post-doctoral researchers' problem is not the work itself but a lack of perspective for a career within academia.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"post-doctoral researchers' underlying problem","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Their \nproblem is not the work itself; their problem is a lack of perspective for a career within \nacademia.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1767/c51","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/bdb4e7011d454398","nativeRecordCid":"ce1c1c03-42ed-4c14-931b-25b95c31255f","documentId":"osft-doc-1767","id":"c51","text":"Research funding programmes should provide longer-term, person-based funding rather than short-term, project-based funding, in order to optimally invest in human potential.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"research funding programmes","subject":"funding programme design","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"part of the solution is for all kinds of reseach funding programmes to \nprovide longer-term, person-based funding, rather than short -term, project-based funding, \nso as to optimally invest in human potential.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1767/c52","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/b3331854d36b48bd","nativeRecordCid":"564f6f03-d3f0-42dd-b789-02ef4846049f","documentId":"osft-doc-1767","id":"c52","text":"Many universities work on a daily basis to enhance career opportunities for early-stage researchers.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"universities' career support for ESRs","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"many universities \n(LERU and others) can provide examples of the work the y do on a daily basis to enhance career \nopportunities,","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1767/c53","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/ba8d61d68df24cde","nativeRecordCid":"d4dfe894-2c36-43e7-b352-5114320474e0","documentId":"osft-doc-1767","id":"c53","text":"Many universities give early-stage researchers good, thorough career counseling.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"universities' career counseling for ESRs","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"to give early stage researchers good, thorough career counseling and honest, \nrealistic employment perspectives inside and outside academia.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1767/c54","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/91dd2ad738154bee","nativeRecordCid":"2908efee-3acd-4431-8e79-977ece1db3e7","documentId":"osft-doc-1767","id":"c54","text":"Many universities give early-stage researchers honest, realistic employment perspectives inside and outside academia.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"universities' employment perspectives for ESRs","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"to give early stage researchers good, thorough career counseling and honest, \nrealistic employment perspectives inside and outside academia.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1767/c55","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/8866446d5b8e4961","nativeRecordCid":"357b5eb1-fc49-409a-bb05-eadf326863fb","documentId":"osft-doc-1767","id":"c55","text":"An impact-focused bureaucratic system may lead to less than desirable incentives for researchers.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"impact-focused bureaucratic systems","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"an “impact-focused bureaucratic system” \nmay lead to less than desirable incentives for researchers,","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1767/c56","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/eebb8cc816de4faf","nativeRecordCid":"3b7acf5b-b29f-441e-9ce9-a00f16773c51","documentId":"osft-doc-1767","id":"c56","text":"Accountability, assessment and performance indicators are vital to demonstrate to society the key role that the research community plays in creating a more prosperous, safe and tolerant society.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"","subject":"accountability and assessment for the research community","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"accountability, assessment, performance indicators, etc. are vital to demonstrate to society at \nlarge the key role that the research community (universities, researchers, etc.) plays in \ncreating a more prosperous, safe and tolerant society.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1767/c57","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/7eda720d17844c2b","nativeRecordCid":"1e3e7db9-eb89-4a0e-bbd5-53b9fdf250e5","documentId":"osft-doc-1767","id":"c57","text":"Efforts must focus on finding the happy medium so that the tail does not wag the dog in research assessment.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"","subject":"balance in research assessment","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"we do need to focus our \nefforts on finding the happy medium, making sure that the tail does not wag the dog in \nassessment.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1767/c58","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/d187b1f540694a4a","nativeRecordCid":"4b995e04-ab71-4be7-a4ae-5302e3c1c6ea","documentId":"osft-doc-1767","id":"c58","text":"Intellectual curiosity and creativity, which are important to enable researchers to develop radical ideas, must not be stifled.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"","subject":"intellectual curiosity and creativity","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"we need to make sure that intellectual curiosity and creativity, which are \nso important to enable researchers to develop radical ideas, are not stifled.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1767/c59","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/3e34a72c1f8347eb","nativeRecordCid":"7c7cdf3b-3bad-465c-b4d4-00bf6e9d5eb3","documentId":"osft-doc-1767","id":"c59","text":"Requests for impact assessment and accountability to society are valid.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"requests for impact assessment and accountability","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Requests for \nimpact assessment and accountability to society are valid,","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1767/c60","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/c92353594d8b4b66","nativeRecordCid":"3734b4d9-a8d3-43d2-b5ae-f9fd79ec85b3","documentId":"osft-doc-1767","id":"c60","text":"Requests for impact assessment and accountability to society must not undermine the degree of trust and freedom that science deserves.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"","subject":"requests for impact assessment and accountability","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"but equally must not undermine a \ndegree of trust and freedom that science deserves and must continually (re -)earn.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1767/c61","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/1dea81a9ccf64b38","nativeRecordCid":"0d6e677f-b269-41fb-84f0-19de8e7753a0","documentId":"osft-doc-1767","id":"c61","text":"Science deserves a degree of trust and freedom.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"science's trust and freedom","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"but equally must not undermine a \ndegree of trust and freedom that science deserves and must continually (re -)earn.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1767/c62","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/787b808939c049d0","nativeRecordCid":"c9dab722-c47f-4248-898f-b2c932e3b152","documentId":"osft-doc-1767","id":"c62","text":"Science must continually re-earn a degree of trust and freedom.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"science","subject":"science's trust and freedom","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"but equally must not undermine a \ndegree of trust and freedom that science deserves and must continually (re -)earn.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1767/c63","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/fbc40a23efa34898","nativeRecordCid":"e95c98de-7023-48db-87e3-04bf9ec98ce7","documentId":"osft-doc-1767","id":"c63","text":"Good HR practices are important for all researchers, including junior and senior researchers, women, and other minority categories.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"good HR practices","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Good HR practices, are, by the way, important for all researchers: junior and senior, and as the \nstatement usefully points out, for women and other \"minority\" categories.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1767/c64","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/19cbd6177b124184","nativeRecordCid":"463bf2c2-01b9-43c7-95b1-7934e256f896","documentId":"osft-doc-1767","id":"c64","text":"Gender-based issues in research careers should be specifically highlighted.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"","subject":"gender-based issues in research careers","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"We wish to also \nsupport the Council conclusions in specifically highlighting gender -based issues in research \ncareers.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1771/c1","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/f90ad2d4b3d5426b","nativeRecordCid":"68f3d5f8-644f-4a51-9ec7-ccadcb6c7b2e","documentId":"osft-doc-1771","id":"c1","text":"Federal science should be made open to all, while respecting privacy, security, ethical considerations and appropriate intellectual property protection.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"","subject":"openness of federal science","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"This Roadmap outlines next steps that should be taken to make federal science open to all, while respecting privacy, security, ethical considerations and appropriate intellectual property protection.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1771/c2","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/8b575b1f97694604","nativeRecordCid":"1149188d-0643-4d60-a015-fd9ac9896c6d","documentId":"osft-doc-1771","id":"c2","text":"Open Science makes scientific information available to all.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"Open Science","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Open Science makes scientific information available to all.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1771/c3","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/6235123c020641a8","nativeRecordCid":"3f9c4da2-ea4d-48a8-8148-6cf262d3931c","documentId":"osft-doc-1771","id":"c3","text":"Open Access to scientific research outputs provides greater accountability to taxpayers and research funders.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"Open Access to scientific research outputs","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Open Access to scientific research outputs provides greater accountability to taxpayers and research funders.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1771/c4","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/cb72fa9314e04958","nativeRecordCid":"6af714c1-9cdf-439a-89d4-f051bd2ff38d","documentId":"osft-doc-1771","id":"c4","text":"Open Science enables the scientific community to evaluate the reproducibility of scientific results.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"Open Science","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Open Science enables the scientific community to evaluate the reproducibility of scientific results.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1771/c5","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/c735f32349e849b0","nativeRecordCid":"9e056b7c-8dfa-49f2-8fad-0acbdfdd8ae8","documentId":"osft-doc-1771","id":"c5","text":"Open and accessible science fosters public dialogue about science.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"open and accessible science","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Open and accessible science fosters public dialogue about, understanding of, and public confidence in, science.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1771/c6","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/64349f0879044861","nativeRecordCid":"48092298-6676-4d3d-b6e8-80af21eaa6b8","documentId":"osft-doc-1771","id":"c6","text":"Open and accessible science fosters understanding of science.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"open and accessible science","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Open and accessible science fosters public dialogue about, understanding of, and public confidence in, science.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1771/c7","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/1bb9db37755d4fcf","nativeRecordCid":"b0338c7f-a24b-4fd5-a701-3b6743da257f","documentId":"osft-doc-1771","id":"c7","text":"Open and accessible science fosters public confidence in science.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"open and accessible science","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Open and accessible science fosters public dialogue about, understanding of, and public confidence in, science.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1771/c8","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/cad00add83274461","nativeRecordCid":"140820ab-a240-4bad-8256-f1e15b88cd82","documentId":"osft-doc-1771","id":"c8","text":"Open Science minimizes duplication of efforts.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"Open Science","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Open Science minimizes duplication of efforts and enables more efficient and effective use of research investments.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1771/c9","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/e055b2a904864073","nativeRecordCid":"4dbb1965-57e5-4089-b589-841d9721fd28","documentId":"osft-doc-1771","id":"c9","text":"Open Science enables more efficient and effective use of research investments.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"Open Science","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Open Science minimizes duplication of efforts and enables more efficient and effective use of research investments.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1771/c10","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/675efe77f35e47bc","nativeRecordCid":"195a4157-3b9b-42df-9154-e5b70ce48adc","documentId":"osft-doc-1771","id":"c10","text":"Open Science accelerates the discovery process by allowing others to build on previously validated discoveries and research contributions.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"Open Science","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Open Science accelerates the discovery process by allowing others to build on previously validated discoveries and research contributions and to create opportunities for innovation and prosperity.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1771/c11","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/80c6cbb5d6d84a58","nativeRecordCid":"036a568e-32f7-46ea-8b31-b884b5eba0a2","documentId":"osft-doc-1771","id":"c11","text":"Open Science creates opportunities for innovation and prosperity.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"Open Science","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Open Science accelerates the discovery process by allowing others to build on previously validated discoveries and research contributions and to create opportunities for innovation and prosperity.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1771/c12","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/050ba76224b54985","nativeRecordCid":"f1d580d4-b625-48e4-b73a-e7c228321efd","documentId":"osft-doc-1771","id":"c12","text":"Open Science creates opportunities to benefit from the diversity of knowledge systems and perspectives.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"Open Science","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Open Science creates opportunities to benefit from the diversity of knowledge systems and perspectives.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1771/c13","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/bedc42a30175402b","nativeRecordCid":"fa8dfed5-2388-4534-81d7-3000b948071b","documentId":"osft-doc-1771","id":"c13","text":"Open Science reduces delays in the sharing and re-use of scientific information.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"Open Science","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Open Science reduces delays in the sharing and re-use of scientific information.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1771/c14","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/fa4b23f181464a5e","nativeRecordCid":"19fe3186-06bf-4680-a9a5-f44e492b2077","documentId":"osft-doc-1771","id":"c14","text":"Governments around the world are embracing Open Science.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"governments around the world","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Governments around the world are embracing Open Science.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1771/c15","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/c1a27941af924e66","nativeRecordCid":"2c8ee499-2a9b-477a-b711-819acbb79b28","documentId":"osft-doc-1771","id":"c15","text":"Canada has an opportunity to be part of the international Open Science movement and to help shape its global vision.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"Canada","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Canada has an opportunity to be a part of this movement to shape the global vision of Open Science.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1771/c16","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/c702d953e8f44249","nativeRecordCid":"5f91df5b-c1de-4e51-abd1-15aa54b3a28a","documentId":"osft-doc-1771","id":"c16","text":"Open Science is a shared commitment between all stakeholders.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"Open Science","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Open Science is a shared commitment between all stakeholders.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1771/c17","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/dde3fa4dfde542a6","nativeRecordCid":"a7292d33-91e7-48ec-9c86-0ac924d380f0","documentId":"osft-doc-1771","id":"c17","text":"The scientific community is integral to Open Science.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"scientific community","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The scientific community is integral to Open Science and needs to be meaningfully engaged at every stage of the process, including the design, implementation and evaluation of its effectiveness and impact.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1771/c18","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/f2368164f02e4d2e","nativeRecordCid":"b549a422-6243-4032-ab48-f2ddd9ab3edf","documentId":"osft-doc-1771","id":"c18","text":"The scientific community needs to be meaningfully engaged at every stage of the Open Science process, including design, implementation and evaluation of its effectiveness and impact.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"","subject":"scientific community engagement in Open Science","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The scientific community is integral to Open Science and needs to be meaningfully engaged at every stage of the process, including the design, implementation and evaluation of its effectiveness and impact.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1771/c19","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/955a2c849e31420b","nativeRecordCid":"d84702b6-6a90-4f60-bdfc-0a6b5b8ba768","documentId":"osft-doc-1771","id":"c19","text":"Scientific research outputs should be Open by Design and by Default.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"","subject":"scientific research outputs","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Scientific research outputs are “Open by Design and by Default”; they are “FAIR”, i.e. Findable, Accessible, Interoperable and Reusable.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1771/c20","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/d6be8da8a7524998","nativeRecordCid":"3c91afa9-df6d-4c09-9431-f42ecbbd4679","documentId":"osft-doc-1771","id":"c20","text":"FAIR means Findable.","kind":"definitional","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"FAIR","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Scientific research outputs are “Open by Design and by Default”; they are “FAIR”, i.e. Findable, Accessible, Interoperable and Reusable.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1771/c21","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/bafa5c856d6b4f07","nativeRecordCid":"edceacfb-84ab-483e-a6ae-d0aef7d1c6ca","documentId":"osft-doc-1771","id":"c21","text":"FAIR means Accessible.","kind":"definitional","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"FAIR","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Scientific research outputs are “Open by Design and by Default”; they are “FAIR”, i.e. Findable, Accessible, Interoperable and Reusable.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1771/c22","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/c50624915bbe4c4d","nativeRecordCid":"a115a7c6-f934-4aa6-a577-d708c3a51210","documentId":"osft-doc-1771","id":"c22","text":"FAIR means Interoperable.","kind":"definitional","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"FAIR","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Scientific research outputs are “Open by Design and by Default”; they are “FAIR”, i.e. Findable, Accessible, Interoperable and Reusable.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1771/c23","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/d9d095af73434a29","nativeRecordCid":"9f139bc1-1dc1-49dd-8c3a-f60d701d7af9","documentId":"osft-doc-1771","id":"c23","text":"FAIR means Reusable.","kind":"definitional","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"FAIR","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Scientific research outputs are “Open by Design and by Default”; they are “FAIR”, i.e. Findable, Accessible, Interoperable and Reusable.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1771/c24","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/c16803a074214f31","nativeRecordCid":"f33b7132-cd70-4ac4-8ef3-f74d0b8c3b08","documentId":"osft-doc-1771","id":"c24","text":"Withholding scientific research outputs requires a valid reason consistent with a framework on which scientific information will be kept private or confidential.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"","subject":"withholding of scientific research outputs","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Withholding scientific research outputs requires a valid reason consistent with a framework (to be developed) on which scientific information will be kept private or confidential.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1771/c25","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/e6ebd7a81ea2428e","nativeRecordCid":"d8e35422-530a-46bf-a35b-052b86b35f82","documentId":"osft-doc-1771","id":"c25","text":"Diverse and inclusive approaches should be used in achieving Open Science, reflecting the breadth of perspectives across scientific communities and knowledge systems.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"","subject":"approaches used in achieving Open Science","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"In achieving Open Science, diverse and inclusive approaches are used, reflecting the breadth of perspectives across scientific communities and knowledge systems.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1771/c26","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/ef498b9ee3ed41d5","nativeRecordCid":"7eb84d22-af1a-47e6-96f4-a954513cbc09","documentId":"osft-doc-1771","id":"c26","text":"Open Science enables collaborations between and among intramural and extramural science communities, within Canada and globally.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"Open Science","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Open Science enables collaborations between and among intramural and extramural science communities, within Canada and globally.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1771/c27","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/1fa6a241e50f4578","nativeRecordCid":"81ddfb61-2ffb-4bee-942c-d6e60312c82c","documentId":"osft-doc-1771","id":"c27","text":"The practice of Open Science requires a sustainable approach with concrete steps forward and the commitment necessary to achieve the long-term vision.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"","subject":"practice of Open Science","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The practice of Open Science requires a sustainable approach with concrete steps forward and the commitment necessary to achieve the long-term vision.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1771/c28","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/e7f6e75e564541c3","nativeRecordCid":"6b8c3fa7-661d-4fd4-8f10-b9c0cb400f54","documentId":"osft-doc-1771","id":"c28","text":"Canada should adopt an Open Science approach to federally funded scientific and research outputs.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"Canada","subject":"Open Science approach for federally funded research","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Canada should adopt an Open Science approach to federally funded scientific and research outputs.","representedInStars":true}
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{"key":"osft-doc-1771/c30","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/ca50a6bfd8b44661","nativeRecordCid":"10734484-1bde-4f46-98ac-287ef872890d","documentId":"osft-doc-1771","id":"c30","text":"Departments and agencies should develop action plans for Open Science by June 2021.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"federal departments and agencies","subject":"Open Science action plans","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"To achieve the overall objective of Open Science, and taking into consideration feedback from intradepartmental consultation ( Recommendation 2 ), departments and agencies should develop action plans for Open Science by June 2021.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1771/c31","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/fc526c3b30ad49a2","nativeRecordCid":"32f186cf-cfbd-416c-8eee-7d06e58bf37b","documentId":"osft-doc-1771","id":"c31","text":"Open Science action plans should include plans for a common, phased approach towards making federal science open and readily and easily available to Canadians.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"federal departments and agencies","subject":"Open Science action plans","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"This should include plans for a common, phased approach towards making federal science open (taking into account Recommendations 4 , 5 and 7 ) and readily and easily available to Canadians.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1771/c32","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/7c5a440998e148be","nativeRecordCid":"462b99aa-16ff-45f1-aa98-663be2ce4222","documentId":"osft-doc-1771","id":"c32","text":"Newly generated scientific research outputs produced by federal scientists and researchers, as well as scientific research outputs contracted by federal departments and agencies, need to be made Open by Design and by Default.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"federal scientists and researchers; federal departments and agencies","subject":"newly generated and contracted federal scientific research outputs","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Newly generated scientific research outputs produced by federal scientists and researchers, as well as scientific research outputs that were contracted by federal departments and agencies need to be made “Open by Design and by Default.”","representedInStars":true}
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{"key":"osft-doc-1771/c34","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/675c9e236b9b4083","nativeRecordCid":"57971901-6ef7-4345-9a90-1dc292713595","documentId":"osft-doc-1771","id":"c34","text":"Federal departments and agencies should collaborate on central approaches to common elements of their action plans, particularly IT solutions, guiding principles regarding official languages, web-accessibility and timelines.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"federal departments and agencies","subject":"collaboration on action plan elements","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Federal departments and agencies should collaborate on central approaches to common elements of their plans to achieve this recommendation, particularly, in terms of IT solutions, guiding principles with regards to official languages, web- accessibility and timelines.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1771/c35","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/d9833212b8564f1f","nativeRecordCid":"c755685a-81a6-4eec-ba29-8b1952c674e7","documentId":"osft-doc-1771","id":"c35","text":"Open Science action plans should include a performance measurement element.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"federal departments and agencies","subject":"Open Science action plans","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The action plans should include a performance measurement element.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1771/c36","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/d1302e98b7384596","nativeRecordCid":"658b3bf6-1255-461f-bfcd-dcd6197e3654","documentId":"osft-doc-1771","id":"c36","text":"Federal departments and agencies should make federal science articles openly accessible by January 2022, while respecting privacy, security, ethical considerations and appropriate intellectual property protection.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"federal departments and agencies","subject":"federal science articles","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Federal departments and agencies should make federal science articles * openly accessible by January 2022 and federal science publications * openly accessible by January 2023, while respecting privacy, security, ethical considerations and appropriate intellectual property protection.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1771/c37","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/70d8c09a22ba4292","nativeRecordCid":"690b7c06-e3f9-4229-a671-db6cd524ef2f","documentId":"osft-doc-1771","id":"c37","text":"Federal departments and agencies should make federal science publications openly accessible by January 2023, while respecting privacy, security, ethical considerations and appropriate intellectual property protection.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"federal departments and agencies","subject":"federal science publications","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Federal departments and agencies should make federal science articles * openly accessible by January 2022 and federal science publications * openly accessible by January 2023, while respecting privacy, security, ethical considerations and appropriate intellectual property protection.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1771/c38","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/75803306326340ac","nativeRecordCid":"3d6b3ff1-9921-4bbc-95fd-e39b4e4dfddb","documentId":"osft-doc-1771","id":"c38","text":"For legacy publications, a responsive action plan should be developed to share requested publications with a time-bound commitment for delivery.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"federal departments and agencies","subject":"legacy publications","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"For legacy publications, a responsive action plan should be developed to share publications requested with time-bound commitment for delivery.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1771/c39","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/b6fd8288a0b741f0","nativeRecordCid":"946c985b-9973-412f-b6fd-1383d4657b21","documentId":"osft-doc-1771","id":"c39","text":"When a research project and resulting publication have received support from multiple funders, the federal government should uphold the most open of the Open Access policies.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"the federal government","subject":"Open Access policy for multi-funder publications","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"When a research project and resulting publication have received support from multiple funders, the federal government should uphold the most open of the Open Access policies.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1771/c40","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/51a6cc1005a24c8e","nativeRecordCid":"9f55ed14-9f07-4ef3-8e63-e4791f2eb62c","documentId":"osft-doc-1771","id":"c40","text":"Federal departments and agencies should develop strategies and tools to implement FAIR data principles to ensure interoperability of scientific and research data and metadata standards by January 2023, with full implementation by January 2025.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"federal departments and agencies","subject":"FAIR data principles implementation","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Federal departments and agencies should develop strategies and tools to implement FAIR data principles to ensure interoperability of scientific and research data * and metadata standards by January 2023, with a phased plan for full implementation by January 2025.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1771/c41","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/88d71af68f114db6","nativeRecordCid":"24476921-0a24-4ed4-b511-44f44472e3e3","documentId":"osft-doc-1771","id":"c41","text":"Implementation of FAIR data principles requires strong data management practices, including annotation and curation to the most updated data and metadata standards.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"","subject":"implementation of FAIR data principles","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"A pre-requisite for the implementation of FAIR data principles is strong data management practices, including annotation and curation to the most updated standards (e.g. current data and metadata standards).","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1771/c42","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/5915658d85964e5c","nativeRecordCid":"317861da-0a4a-4074-99e5-2118a9ca7a17","documentId":"osft-doc-1771","id":"c42","text":"When commonly agreed data and metadata standards are not available, meaningful engagement and coordination with extramural and international scientific communities and disciplinary societies may be required to achieve interoperability of scientific and research data and metadata.","kind":"normative","modality":"may","actor":"","subject":"engagement with extramural and international scientific communities","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"When commonly agreed data and metadata standards are not available, meaningful engagement and coordination with the extramural and international scientific communities and disciplinary societies may be required to achieve interoperability of scientific and research data and metadata.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1771/c43","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/ce4cbd11e7174cc4","nativeRecordCid":"f0d4158f-6ead-4be4-a1b9-eed25ff47f49","documentId":"osft-doc-1771","id":"c43","text":"The Data Strategy Roadmap and the Open Science Action Plan should be aligned.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"","subject":"Data Strategy Roadmap and Open Science Action Plan","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The Data Strategy Roadmap and the Open Science Action Plan should be aligned.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1771/c44","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/83dc302050c04594","nativeRecordCid":"419fe464-747b-4836-aaad-ff0fa3779170","documentId":"osft-doc-1771","id":"c44","text":"Consideration should be given to scientific and research data when developing and implementing data strategies in response to the Data Strategy Roadmap for the Federal Public Service.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"","subject":"data strategies","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"For this to happen, consideration should be given to scientific and research data when developing and implementing data strategies in response to the 2018 Data Strategy Roadmap for the Federal Public Service.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1771/c45","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/73b1322893d74f4b","nativeRecordCid":"50a7af14-ba95-4e14-9404-b58fdfdb9171","documentId":"osft-doc-1771","id":"c45","text":"Deputy heads should designate a Chief Scientific Data Officer by January 2021.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"deputy heads","subject":"Chief Scientific Data Officer designation","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"To facilitate that, deputy heads should designate a Chief Scientific Data Officer by January 2021.","representedInStars":true}
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{"key":"osft-doc-1781/c3","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/1005d0a022f54568","nativeRecordCid":"15390234-f345-4989-aed3-db77aadcc0f1","documentId":"osft-doc-1781","id":"c3","text":"The scholarly community was becoming increasingly distrustful of infrastructure services.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"scholarly community's trust in infrastructure services","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"We were concerned because the scholarly community was becoming increasingly distrustful of infrastructure services.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1781/c4","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/5d025437078245a2","nativeRecordCid":"400a243a-e5a0-49ca-bf4b-ea14ac25d895","documentId":"osft-doc-1781","id":"c4","text":"POSI has influenced the directions and policies of a number of organisations and initiatives.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"POSI's influence on organisations","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"POSI has influenced the directions and policies of a number of organisations and initiatives since, including\nSPARC\n,\nInvest in Open Infrastructure\n,\nOpen Data Institute\n,\nOA Switchboard\n, and others.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1781/c5","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/9d283fdf031d44e6","nativeRecordCid":"d4accce5-a9fe-40bc-9094-15c22ace4ba0","documentId":"osft-doc-1781","id":"c5","text":"Adopting these principles strengthens Crossref's governance.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"effect of adopting POSI on Crossref governance","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Adopting these principles strengthens Crossref’s governance.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1781/c6","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/0f3f330d234b46e6","nativeRecordCid":"64259bff-6caf-4802-abff-1419964e7ff0","documentId":"osft-doc-1781","id":"c6","text":"After twenty years, Crossref infrastructure has become critical to a broad segment of the community.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"Crossref infrastructure's importance","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"After twenty years, Crossref infrastructure has become critical to a broad segment of the community.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1781/c7","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/82b63847b4e24b9a","nativeRecordCid":"db6211ac-a90e-4e0e-8234-59f6d2e3bc7a","documentId":"osft-doc-1781","id":"c7","text":"Crossref's governance must explicitly evolve to reflect its changing membership profile and expanding stakeholder community.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"Crossref","subject":"Crossref's governance","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"As our membership profile changes, and as our broader stakeholder community expands, we need to explicitly evolve our governance to reflect stakeholders.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1781/c8","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/fc521795cb534857","nativeRecordCid":"a0b41548-9852-4069-803b-852092e180da","documentId":"osft-doc-1781","id":"c8","text":"Crossref's governance must not continue to be guided by a set of informal conventions.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"Crossref","subject":"Crossref's governance","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"And it would be irresponsible to continue to have our governance guided by a set of informal conventions.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1781/c9","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/1257fc2a0fd64cd2","nativeRecordCid":"7cad8200-45dc-4af0-8aa3-7adf572b33c0","documentId":"osft-doc-1781","id":"c9","text":"There is a lot of new interest in open scholarly infrastructure.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"interest in open scholarly infrastructure","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"There is a lot of new interest in open scholarly infrastructure.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1781/c10","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/486a687fb2de4e2d","nativeRecordCid":"6df0efaa-13b6-4618-8d9c-8379a684268f","documentId":"osft-doc-1781","id":"c10","text":"New infrastructure services and systems are being proposed almost every month.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"proposals of new infrastructure services","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"New infrastructure services and systems are being proposed almost every month.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1781/c11","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/c8bba87584f5484a","nativeRecordCid":"e8a5f081-9e58-4f28-a1e6-34fe9d98c45f","documentId":"osft-doc-1781","id":"c11","text":"The vast majority of work involved in infrastructure projects is in establishing trust amongst the stakeholder community.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"infrastructure projects' work","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Our experience has been that the vast majority of work involved in these infrastructure projects was in establishing trust amongst the stakeholder community.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1781/c12","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/74bd4b5bb5204d16","nativeRecordCid":"1b84931c-0235-4d22-a669-62e2ab398f11","documentId":"osft-doc-1781","id":"c12","text":"Crossref adopting the principles will help address fundamental questions about accountability and sustainability that are raised when a new constituency approaches Crossref about collaborating on a new or existing infrastructure service.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"effect of Crossref adopting the principles","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"We think that Crossref adopting the principles will help to address fundamental questions about accountability and sustainability that are inevitably raised when a new constituency approaches Crossref with an idea for collaborating on a new or existing infrastructure service.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1781/c13","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/64ab5dd3bc984f8a","nativeRecordCid":"ca73cad1-ceba-4ae9-8899-e8df81247e6f","documentId":"osft-doc-1781","id":"c13","text":"Adopting the principles will make future collaboration easier.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"effect of adopting the principles on collaboration","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"In short, adopting the principles will make future collaboration easier.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1781/c14","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/802d2002d3dc4673","nativeRecordCid":"f30ae54b-4f44-4ec5-b2a4-71be01e40b3c","documentId":"osft-doc-1781","id":"c14","text":"POSI proposes that an Open Infrastructure organisation can address accountability (governance) in order to garner the trust of the broader scholarly community.","kind":"definitional","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"POSI's proposed areas","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The Principles of Open Scholarly Infrastructure (POSI) proposes three areas that an Open Infrastructure organisation can address in order to garner the trust of the broader scholarly community: accountability (governance), funding (sustainability), and protection of community interests (insurance).","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1781/c15","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/dce8ecba78244d79","nativeRecordCid":"9c0f852b-5e38-49e3-9512-a8cd1b7ca30b","documentId":"osft-doc-1781","id":"c15","text":"POSI proposes that an Open Infrastructure organisation can address funding (sustainability) in order to garner the trust of the broader scholarly community.","kind":"definitional","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"POSI's proposed areas","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The Principles of Open Scholarly Infrastructure (POSI) proposes three areas that an Open Infrastructure organisation can address in order to garner the trust of the broader scholarly community: accountability (governance), funding (sustainability), and protection of community interests (insurance).","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1781/c16","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/8b16b20f9fdd4f5d","nativeRecordCid":"3c40d909-59df-4256-a365-87a25d78723f","documentId":"osft-doc-1781","id":"c16","text":"POSI proposes that an Open Infrastructure organisation can address protection of community interests (insurance) in order to garner the trust of the broader scholarly community.","kind":"definitional","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"POSI's proposed areas","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The Principles of Open Scholarly Infrastructure (POSI) proposes three areas that an Open Infrastructure organisation can address in order to garner the trust of the broader scholarly community: accountability (governance), funding (sustainability), and protection of community interests (insurance).","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1781/c17","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/5ad94c19853043b5","nativeRecordCid":"7f99cfe5-f312-4a48-8899-c3dfa7e2cd2f","documentId":"osft-doc-1781","id":"c17","text":"Adopting POSI does not mean an organisation has to instantly meet all of its criteria.","kind":"definitional","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"meaning of adopting POSI","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Critically, “adopting” POSI does not mean that we have to instantly meet all of the criteria.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1781/c18","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/68cad2c12e9443a1","nativeRecordCid":"359dce53-8c55-4e59-b2f3-f8ece80a129d","documentId":"osft-doc-1781","id":"c18","text":"Adopting the principles is akin to adopting a mission statement or a vision statement.","kind":"definitional","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"meaning of adopting the principles","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Adopting the principles is akin to adopting a mission statement or a vision statement.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1781/c19","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/e164ba73d4cc405e","nativeRecordCid":"4b54a980-4e6c-4c26-8c08-2d753cb06356","documentId":"osft-doc-1781","id":"c19","text":"POSI is an aspirational guide, not a description of the status quo.","kind":"definitional","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"POSI's nature","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"It is an aspirational guide, not a description of the\nstatus quo\n.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1781/c20","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/e314e698dea74321","nativeRecordCid":"89030112-5077-4025-8844-2d40c666d6fb","documentId":"osft-doc-1781","id":"c20","text":"POSI's principles are more concrete than a mission or vision statement, which makes them easier to measure.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"POSI's principles' concreteness","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Having said that, the principles are more concrete than a mission or vision statement, and this makes them easier to measure.","representedInStars":false}
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{"key":"osft-doc-1781/c22","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/36eb87fce05843c5","nativeRecordCid":"5cdfe811-f7a3-48fc-b4d7-f3899e9db58d","documentId":"osft-doc-1781","id":"c22","text":"An organisation should not change its governance or business model to better support its mission if doing so would threaten the organisation's sustainability.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"","subject":"organisation's governance or business model changes","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"So, for example, one would not want to change the governance or business model to better support the mission if doing so would also threaten the sustainability of the organisation.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1781/c23","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/a2ab1b26dad2451b","nativeRecordCid":"7588f32c-d378-4d3a-a4fa-a08e7fb8f192","documentId":"osft-doc-1781","id":"c23","text":"Meeting a commitment is an ongoing process, not a one-off event.","kind":"definitional","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"meeting a commitment","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"And finally, meeting a commitment is an ongoing process - it is not a one-off event.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1781/c24","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/ac43bb8c89184d0a","nativeRecordCid":"9249a58a-acfa-41df-8960-e6abaee428b3","documentId":"osft-doc-1781","id":"c24","text":"An organisation must keep measuring its performance against the principles to ensure it has not inadvertently regressed.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"an infrastructure organisation","subject":"organisation's performance measurement","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The organisation needs to keep measuring their performance against the principles in order to make sure that they have not inadvertently regressed.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1781/c25","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/8cb540d5fe9c4bc1","nativeRecordCid":"440dde0b-5121-4802-bd53-e03fbecfbc36","documentId":"osft-doc-1781","id":"c25","text":"The three areas and sixteen commitments of POSI are designed to ensure that an infrastructure cannot be co-opted by a particular party or interest group.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"POSI's areas and commitments","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The three areas and sixteen commitments that are proposed in POSI are all designed to ensure that an infrastructure can not be co-opted by a particular party or interest group.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1781/c26","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/1c4dd80eb316429f","nativeRecordCid":"7d982005-6d8f-4ed6-a998-0c1173a789f5","documentId":"osft-doc-1781","id":"c26","text":"POSI's Insurance area is the backstop that ensures that, if the community feels an infrastructure organisation has gone in a radically wrong direction, they can recreate the infrastructure as it was when they were comfortable with it.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"POSI's Insurance area","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"And the last area, “Insurance,” is the backstop that makes sure that, if some in the community feel that the infrastructure organisation has gone in a radically wrong direction, they can recreate the infrastructure as it was when they were comfortable with it, and they will not be hindered by practices or policies that lock them into the existing organisation.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1781/c27","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/25d29476ce75438b","nativeRecordCid":"98e3e69f-b9cc-4d37-a077-8919f44619de","documentId":"osft-doc-1781","id":"c27","text":"POSI's Insurance area ensures that the community will not be hindered by practices or policies that lock them into the existing organisation.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"POSI's Insurance area","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"And the last area, “Insurance,” is the backstop that makes sure that, if some in the community feel that the infrastructure organisation has gone in a radically wrong direction, they can recreate the infrastructure as it was when they were comfortable with it, and they will not be hindered by practices or policies that lock them into the existing organisation.","representedInStars":false}
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{"key":"osft-doc-1781/c29","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/cf2bb1b3c6524feb","nativeRecordCid":"5abe25a6-33b5-4fa7-96a8-27b556621ca3","documentId":"osft-doc-1781","id":"c29","text":"Crossref was built, in part, to ensure that journals and societies were not locked into publishers.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"Crossref's founding purpose","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Crossref itself was built, in part, to make sure that publishers were not locked into platforms and that journals and societies were not locked into publishers.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1781/c30","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/36dac4e9201e4f21","nativeRecordCid":"88d252ce-5585-45b9-9f09-62dfeb484558","documentId":"osft-doc-1781","id":"c30","text":"Using the indirect Crossref DOI linking mechanism ensures that content can move between platforms and publishers without breaking vital citation links.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"Crossref DOI linking mechanism","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Using the indirect Crossref DOI linking mechanism ensures that content can move between platforms and publishers without breaking vital citation links.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1781/c31","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/ff80ab5ca5a3454a","nativeRecordCid":"49280e2c-84d7-4f1a-937a-462dcd2b6f4b","documentId":"osft-doc-1781","id":"c31","text":"Moving between platforms or publishers is never easy.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"moving between platforms or publishers","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Moving between platforms or publishers is never easy.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1781/c32","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/6a111b6079264a5c","nativeRecordCid":"05967622-cc78-496c-bda8-78133d367302","documentId":"osft-doc-1781","id":"c32","text":"Moving between platforms or publishers isn't cheap.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"moving between platforms or publishers","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"And it isn’t cheap.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1781/c33","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/e2c8f5a5fd9449c3","nativeRecordCid":"23e59d0d-eca6-467e-8243-da9578def936","documentId":"osft-doc-1781","id":"c33","text":"Crossref is built on the DOI and Handle infrastructure.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"Crossref's infrastructure","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Crossref has an extra insurance level as well. It is built on the DOI and Handle infrastructure.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1781/c34","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/d5c8d2791586477a","nativeRecordCid":"76872982-f546-41d9-bcbf-19a7c20f1d5b","documentId":"osft-doc-1781","id":"c34","text":"If Crossref were to take a direction that some of its members found unacceptable, those members could join another DOI Registry agency more amenable to them.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"Crossref members' options if unacceptable direction taken","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"If Crossref were to take a direction that some of its members found unacceptable, those members could join another DOI Registry agency more amenable to them.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1781/c35","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/d18a56099f2c4400","nativeRecordCid":"3bdaa8e7-b168-41a3-b65d-7db78cf2a060","documentId":"osft-doc-1781","id":"c35","text":"This knowledge helps keep Crossref grounded and attuned to the needs and concerns of its members.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"Crossref's groundedness","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"And this knowledge helps keep Crossref grounded and attuned to the needs and concerns of its members.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1781/c36","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/e431edd2f5c54603","nativeRecordCid":"82ee69ba-5169-4002-99f2-d73b0bf69d7e","documentId":"osft-doc-1781","id":"c36","text":"Crossref's members are not \"trapped\" with Crossref.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"Crossref members' relationship to Crossref","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"We know that our members are not “trapped” with us.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1781/c37","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/b9cf8646f7614eb4","nativeRecordCid":"3ed8ca55-6d0c-451f-a2ec-0ddb135a4a5d","documentId":"osft-doc-1781","id":"c37","text":"A disdainful, take-it-or-leave-it attitude can be the cliché characteristic of infrastructure organisations.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"infrastructure organisations' attitude","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"And it is this knowledge that helps keep us from developing the disdainful, take-it-or-leave-it, attitude that can be the cliché characteristic of infrastructure organisations.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1781/c38","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/129e9b80e92343d8","nativeRecordCid":"118cc57e-e79b-47c1-ad01-025a4692eab8","documentId":"osft-doc-1781","id":"c38","text":"POSI's fundamental, overarching goal is to set out principles that ensure the stakeholders of an infrastructure organisation have a clear say in setting its agenda and priorities.","kind":"definitional","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"POSI's overarching goal","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"So the fundamental, overarching goal of POSI is to set out principles that ensure that the stakeholders of an infrastructure organisation have a clear say in setting its agenda and priorities and that, in extremis, the stakeholders can leave and create an alternative infrastructure if the original organisation becomes unresponsive, hostile, or disappears.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1781/c39","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/458cb182152a49bc","nativeRecordCid":"d69c158a-07f4-422d-876f-7661423fc8a4","documentId":"osft-doc-1781","id":"c39","text":"POSI's fundamental, overarching goal is to ensure that, in extremis, stakeholders can leave and create an alternative infrastructure if the original organisation becomes unresponsive, hostile, or disappears.","kind":"definitional","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"POSI's overarching goal","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"So the fundamental, overarching goal of POSI is to set out principles that ensure that the stakeholders of an infrastructure organisation have a clear say in setting its agenda and priorities and that, in extremis, the stakeholders can leave and create an alternative infrastructure if the original organisation becomes unresponsive, hostile, or disappears.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1781/c40","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/5b9237e36cbc4c55","nativeRecordCid":"3fcf2892-0975-4182-aae6-bb01f1147e58","documentId":"osft-doc-1781","id":"c40","text":"Crossref could regress in meeting the commitments after being marked as currently meeting them.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"Crossref's risk of regression","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"We could regress.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1781/c41","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/e474da1abcc043ce","nativeRecordCid":"b1d5427e-f323-4af6-8177-38620ab7163f","documentId":"osft-doc-1781","id":"c41","text":"Crossref's processes must be able to detect and address regressions in meeting the commitments.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"Crossref","subject":"Crossref's processes","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Our processes need to be able to detect and address regressions.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1781/c42","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/8f4d58bc4b8d4095","nativeRecordCid":"294c4ee5-139d-4bef-a608-b56cc982005a","documentId":"osft-doc-1781","id":"c42","text":"Crossref should not address a shortfall in the contingency fund by generating revenue in a way that ultimately hurts Crossref's mission.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"Crossref","subject":"Crossref's contingency fund revenue generation","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"So, for example, we should not address a shortfall in the contingency fund by generating revenue in a way that ultimately hurts Crossref’s mission.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1781/c43","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/73c5b10e77a84b58","nativeRecordCid":"52e3f6f0-1e8c-42a7-849f-e7f44f36b29f","documentId":"osft-doc-1781","id":"c43","text":"Geographic diversity is not the same as language diversity.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"geographic diversity versus language diversity","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"However note that geographic diversity is\nnot\nthe same as language diversity.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1781/c44","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/d764d5eac0844444","nativeRecordCid":"394b0a13-a055-4536-bb92-1e6ad9f72f3b","documentId":"osft-doc-1781","id":"c44","text":"\"Non-discriminatory\" membership does not mean an organisation cannot have standards, obligations, and rules that all members must adhere to.","kind":"definitional","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"meaning of non-discriminatory membership","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"It is first worth noting that “non-discriminatory” does not mean that we cannot have standards, obligations, and rules that all members of Crossref have to adhere to. It simply means that said rules are clear and that we apply them uniformly.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1781/c45","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/ec52539bb8214314","nativeRecordCid":"e2ceecba-7e4e-4f98-9eec-643e404b1807","documentId":"osft-doc-1781","id":"c45","text":"\"Non-discriminatory\" membership means that such rules are clear and applied uniformly to all members.","kind":"definitional","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"meaning of non-discriminatory membership","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"It is first worth noting that “non-discriminatory” does not mean that we cannot have standards, obligations, and rules that all members of Crossref have to adhere to. It simply means that said rules are clear and that we apply them uniformly.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1781/c46","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/0651227d7ecd4d82","nativeRecordCid":"a8c14707-59ed-4512-9a6e-5367eb3f7c75","documentId":"osft-doc-1781","id":"c46","text":"A member's influence in Crossref's governance is not tied to the level of financial investment they make in the organisation.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"member influence in Crossref governance","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"And fundamental to Crossref’s governance is that a member’s influence in the governance of Crossref is not tied to the level of financial investment they make in the organisation.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1781/c47","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/262c6b2bafb041e5","nativeRecordCid":"f2c7a8ab-f1cd-40b6-878e-27246aa7fdff","documentId":"osft-doc-1781","id":"c47","text":"All Crossref members have the same single vote.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"Crossref members' voting rights","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"All members have the same single vote.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1781/c48","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/fd71aee20dbe44f1","nativeRecordCid":"4d8bd374-acd1-45d4-8d25-7625aac1fd57","documentId":"osft-doc-1781","id":"c48","text":"All Crossref board members have one vote.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"Crossref board members' voting rights","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"All board members have one vote.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1781/c49","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/ee595122897940a5","nativeRecordCid":"4af3e79f-dcf1-492e-a5bc-86b6f60c55f3","documentId":"osft-doc-1781","id":"c49","text":"As more funders and institutions join Crossref, Crossref's governance must reflect that.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"Crossref","subject":"Crossref's governance reflecting membership growth","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"For example, as more funders and institutions join Crossref, we will need to make sure that our governance reflects that.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1781/c50","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/4f1ee343cccc49ef","nativeRecordCid":"d391ed17-2512-45a1-b513-3ff6935b446b","documentId":"osft-doc-1781","id":"c50","text":"Crossref's fees are themselves a form of discrimination as they can be an insurmountable barrier to entry for some in the community.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"Crossref's membership fees","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Some will also point out that our fees are themselves a form of discrimination as they can still be an insurmountable barrier to some in the community.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1781/c51","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/35aff509958b44de","nativeRecordCid":"77086734-17ee-4ae6-bc1d-e19833b986b4","documentId":"osft-doc-1781","id":"c51","text":"Crossref has transparent finances and a transparent governance process.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"Crossref's transparency","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Crossref has transparent finances and a transparent governance process.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1781/c52","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/2cd3fbdafc184a8f","nativeRecordCid":"4a563339-b309-4816-86c5-bc062c955cb9","documentId":"osft-doc-1781","id":"c52","text":"Crossref has never lobbied.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"Crossref's lobbying activity","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Crossref has never lobbied.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1781/c53","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/9d943fa9f6404bf7","nativeRecordCid":"d3a64dc2-0ac9-4549-9e28-59aeaba77640","documentId":"osft-doc-1781","id":"c53","text":"Most lobbying efforts in the industry center around promoting the views held by members who share a business model.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"lobbying efforts in the industry","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Partly this is a byproduct of our commitment to be business-model neutral as most lobbying efforts in the industry seem to center around promoting the views held by members who share a business model.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1781/c54","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/1d16c4116fb6458c","nativeRecordCid":"9fab20e4-2eb7-42fe-91cb-52c9a2ccc662","documentId":"osft-doc-1781","id":"c54","text":"Crossref has a track record of periodically reviewing its services and decommissioning those that are no longer needed.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"Crossref's service review practice","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Crossref has a track record of periodically reviewing our services and decommissioning those that are no longer needed - either because they have fulfilled their specific mission or because there is simply waning interest in them (arguably, the same thing).","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1781/c55","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/3110105e1d994624","nativeRecordCid":"f33a93c5-2b0f-42ec-b636-ffcfabf6dc46","documentId":"osft-doc-1781","id":"c55","text":"Crossref has long made it a habit to question its own existence.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"Crossref's self-questioning habit","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"But still, Crossref has long made it a habit to question its own existence.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1781/c56","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/da7574d23ab846cc","nativeRecordCid":"ac8958b0-78b5-4863-b1f0-593323fcb5c6","documentId":"osft-doc-1781","id":"c56","text":"Crossref should continue with the attitude that the best thing it could do for its members is to make itself unnecessary.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"Crossref","subject":"Crossref's attitude toward its own necessity","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"We need to continue with the attitude that the best thing we could do for our members is to make ourselves unnecessary.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1781/c57","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/395e108fd4fa48c8","nativeRecordCid":"91e05b87-31cd-4634-9e50-1e97cb01ec94","documentId":"osft-doc-1781","id":"c57","text":"A board-governed organisation drawn from the stakeholder community builds more confidence that the organisation will take decisions driven by community consensus and consideration of different interests.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"board-governed organisations drawn from stakeholder community","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"a board-governed organisation drawn from the stakeholder community builds more confidence that the organisation will take decisions driven by community consensus and consideration of different interests.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1781/c58","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/06d4ce6ca527420e","nativeRecordCid":"bf1dfbf8-d088-4677-802c-c07fc6f04938","documentId":"osft-doc-1781","id":"c58","text":"Crossref meets most of the Governance requirements with the notable exception of broader stakeholder involvement.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"Crossref's governance","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Overall, Crossref meets most of the Governance requirements with the notable exception of broader stakeholder involvement.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1781/c59","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/03ce86ded53544f3","nativeRecordCid":"8747f81c-c33c-4eaa-ab46-5b32fdbb62ac","documentId":"osft-doc-1781","id":"c59","text":"The narrow definition of \"stakeholder\" that focuses solely on those who have invested is not widely held.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"narrow definition of stakeholder","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"But this narrow definition of “stakeholder” - focusing solely on those who have “invested”- is not widely held.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1781/c60","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/f6e93867bd914613","nativeRecordCid":"7d44ef1f-1907-4f45-8bcf-ceb393187842","documentId":"osft-doc-1781","id":"c60","text":"\"Stakeholder economy\" and \"stakeholder capitalism\" describe systems that balance benefits to the investor with benefits to employees, the broader community, society, and the environment.","kind":"definitional","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"stakeholder economy/capitalism terms","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"In fact, common phrases like “\nstakeholder economy\n” and “\nstakeholder capitalism\n” describe the exact opposite- systems that don’t just focus on the “investor”, but which instead balance benefits to the investor with benefits to employees, the broader community, society, and the environment.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1781/c61","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/3f2b60340c2e4334","nativeRecordCid":"a88ab2d3-2acf-4965-b4ad-629a702531a8","documentId":"osft-doc-1781","id":"c61","text":"POSI uses the broader definition of \"stakeholder\" that balances benefits to investors, employees, the community, society, and the environment.","kind":"definitional","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"definition of stakeholder in POSI","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"It is this latter, broader definition of “stakeholder” that is used in POSI.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1781/c62","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/f0eb42558afa473e","nativeRecordCid":"f7dd854c-c668-45d8-b5fc-73ce3acb802c","documentId":"osft-doc-1781","id":"c62","text":"Financial sustainability is a key element of creating trust.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"financial sustainability","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Financial sustainability is a key element of creating trust.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1781/c63","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/75db32ebf7b44f03","nativeRecordCid":"f15398c3-a592-4197-9a1f-6d28a28aaa90","documentId":"osft-doc-1781","id":"c63","text":"Trust elides intentions.","kind":"definitional","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"components of trust","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"“Trust” often elides multiple elements: intentions, resources, and checks and balances.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1781/c64","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/b1ea49b8e77d48bb","nativeRecordCid":"ae07c04f-bd22-4084-b9e0-e688d1801a6f","documentId":"osft-doc-1781","id":"c64","text":"Trust elides resources.","kind":"definitional","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"components of trust","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"“Trust” often elides multiple elements: intentions, resources, and checks and balances.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1781/c65","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/b97d53cfdd074998","nativeRecordCid":"bd3fad7c-6670-4c4d-9213-f4e20c01a3cb","documentId":"osft-doc-1781","id":"c65","text":"Trust elides checks and balances.","kind":"definitional","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"components of trust","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"“Trust” often elides multiple elements: intentions, resources, and checks and balances.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1781/c66","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/05473a352b964b6a","nativeRecordCid":"4fc531e1-ace9-46cc-9939-0906ddb01f8e","documentId":"osft-doc-1781","id":"c66","text":"An organisation that is both well meaning and has the right expertise will still not be trusted if it does not have sustainable resources to execute its mission.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"organisations lacking sustainable resources","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"An organisation that is both well meaning and has the right expertise will still not be trusted if it does not have sustainable resources to execute its mission.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1781/c67","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/726b5536583643b6","nativeRecordCid":"0915facd-5415-423c-b554-c6abec23c7fd","documentId":"osft-doc-1781","id":"c67","text":"Day to day operations should be supported by day to day sustainable revenue sources.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"infrastructure organisations","subject":"funding of day to day operations","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"day to day operations should be supported by day to day sustainable revenue sources.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1781/c68","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/2776b17092184818","nativeRecordCid":"16c63647-01a5-47a6-981b-948df5f2fcc0","documentId":"osft-doc-1781","id":"c68","text":"Grant dependency for funding operations makes organisations fragile.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"grant dependency","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Grant dependency for funding operations makes them fragile and more easily distracted from building core infrastructure.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1781/c69","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/e115a0b18e70487b","nativeRecordCid":"6052599c-ae48-4370-b7df-ecb2c94a754a","documentId":"osft-doc-1781","id":"c69","text":"Grant dependency for funding operations makes organisations more easily distracted from building core infrastructure.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"grant dependency","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Grant dependency for funding operations makes them fragile and more easily distracted from building core infrastructure.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1781/c70","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/10f3223900ed434f","nativeRecordCid":"c72ab850-a6e1-45ec-9749-45ee9cc4c64a","documentId":"osft-doc-1781","id":"c70","text":"Crossref has never supported production activities based on grants.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"Crossref's funding of production activities","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Crossref has never supported production activities based on grants.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1781/c71","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/b345f1ab2c5141ca","nativeRecordCid":"5f952490-daec-453c-b5ea-29fc740c5f7b","documentId":"osft-doc-1781","id":"c71","text":"Many grant-funded infrastructure initiatives either barely stay afloat or disappear altogether.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"grant-funded infrastructure initiatives","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"This distinguishes Crossref from many grant-funded infrastructure initiatives which either barely stay afloat or disappear altogether.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1781/c72","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/78b2640131784d49","nativeRecordCid":"733ce2a3-7f8d-436d-88c8-31b66dd6dd4e","documentId":"osft-doc-1781","id":"c72","text":"Grant-funded infrastructure initiatives that survive often do so by pursuing solutions that align with their funder's interest over their user's needs.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"surviving grant-funded infrastructure initiatives","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Even those that survive often do so by pursuing solutions that align with their funder’s interest over their user’s needs.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1781/c73","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/5605adbf8b034fad","nativeRecordCid":"2206383f-88b2-42da-ae97-b3eba41bbd5e","documentId":"osft-doc-1781","id":"c73","text":"Organisations that define sustainability based merely on recovering costs are brittle.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"organisations defining sustainability as cost recovery","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"organisations which define sustainability based merely on recovering costs are brittle and stagnant.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1781/c74","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/07474ae7a2634801","nativeRecordCid":"bccae6e3-f33e-46b0-988b-e0a4ab3413e5","documentId":"osft-doc-1781","id":"c74","text":"Organisations that define sustainability based merely on recovering costs are stagnant.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"organisations defining sustainability as cost recovery","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"organisations which define sustainability based merely on recovering costs are brittle and stagnant.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1781/c75","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/09fae94ba0414374","nativeRecordCid":"9c48d86b-79cf-4403-a491-23b06d9e4e3f","documentId":"osft-doc-1781","id":"c75","text":"Infrastructure organisations must be able to adapt and change, not merely survive.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"infrastructure organisations","subject":"organisational adaptability","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"It is not enough to merely survive, it has to be able to adapt and change.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1781/c76","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/cfdf22682e104cec","nativeRecordCid":"6840d32e-0524-403d-8a4f-78a29ac7dd8f","documentId":"osft-doc-1781","id":"c76","text":"Infrastructure organisations need financial resources beyond immediate operating costs to weather economic, social and technological volatility.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"infrastructure organisations","subject":"financial resources beyond operating costs","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"To weather economic, social and technological volatility, they need financial resources beyond immediate operating costs.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1781/c77","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/2e1f05683afc45db","nativeRecordCid":"7fa129e3-af89-4d56-9135-75e0b96c3020","documentId":"osft-doc-1781","id":"c77","text":"Crossref has always attempted to generate a surplus.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"Crossref's surplus generation","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Crossref has always attempted to generate a surplus.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1781/c78","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/b9fd7e15de27423f","nativeRecordCid":"72b512c2-ce8b-4b39-9964-6f8ef60040e0","documentId":"osft-doc-1781","id":"c78","text":"Generating a contingency fund that can support a complete, orderly wind down should be a high priority.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"infrastructure organisations","subject":"contingency fund for wind down","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"a high priority should be generating a contingency fund that can support a complete, orderly wind down (12 months in most cases).","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1781/c79","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/679b2b16f5534163","nativeRecordCid":"05702ccf-2014-43dc-9873-096eea3867f5","documentId":"osft-doc-1781","id":"c79","text":"The contingency fund should be separate from funds allocated to covering operating risk and investment in development.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"infrastructure organisations","subject":"contingency fund separation","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"This fund should be separate from those allocated to covering operating risk and investment in development.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1781/c80","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/a9d03da235a9484d","nativeRecordCid":"1e3a7faf-76fd-4d00-a543-56813b78ab37","documentId":"osft-doc-1781","id":"c80","text":"Crossref currently has a contingency fund that would support operations for 9 months.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"Crossref's contingency fund","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Crossref currently has a contingency fund that would support operations for 9 months.","representedInStars":false}
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{"key":"osft-doc-1781/c82","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/2ae56a75fa704633","nativeRecordCid":"0ef4776c-70cd-4458-a6a5-e25756305539","documentId":"osft-doc-1781","id":"c82","text":"Infrastructure failing ungracefully could have industry-wide systemic repercussions.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"infrastructure failure","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"First, the very fact that something is infrastructure implies that the systemic effects of its failing ungracefully could have industry-wide repercussions.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1781/c83","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/fe5b231c575f4361","nativeRecordCid":"9b847ecb-8996-4496-9b74-a0c53972125f","documentId":"osft-doc-1781","id":"c83","text":"The decision-making process of a membership organisation whose governance is voluntary is inherently slower.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"decision-making in voluntary membership organisations","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Second, the decision-making process of a membership organisation whose governance is voluntary is inherently slower.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1781/c84","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/01ee880049ba43a5","nativeRecordCid":"155a8d2b-af69-4ee4-bad1-056835056a53","documentId":"osft-doc-1781","id":"c84","text":"Crossref could comfortably increase the contingency fund to support 12 months of operations within the next 2-3 years.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"Crossref's future contingency fund","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Given our recent financial performance, we expect Crossref could comfortably increase the contingency fund to support 12 months of operations within the next 2-3 years.","representedInStars":false}
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{"key":"osft-doc-1781/c98","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/6c5a98b0551143e5","nativeRecordCid":"b3f25be7-d36d-470a-ad23-1bb0aa770693","documentId":"osft-doc-1781","id":"c98","text":"Crossref's SLA-backed APIs are becoming increasingly popular as members and others seek to integrate Crossref metadata into their production workflows and services.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"Crossref's SLA-backed APIs","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"But our SLA-backed APIs are becoming increasingly popular as members and others seek to integrate Crossref metadata into their production workflows and services.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1781/c99","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/bd36137f34ea4198","nativeRecordCid":"bdb20753-9436-48b9-9c37-5d20945957d8","documentId":"osft-doc-1781","id":"c99","text":"Even with the best possible governance structures, critical infrastructure can still be co-opted by a subset of stakeholders or drift away from the needs of the community.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"critical infrastructure governance risk","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Even with the best possible governance structures, critical infrastructure can still be co opted by a subset of stakeholders or simply drift away from the needs of the community.","representedInStars":true}
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{"key":"osft-doc-1781/c101","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/9c269c1632674790","nativeRecordCid":"d72809c4-d7f6-4d2e-8974-f85057a4c018","documentId":"osft-doc-1781","id":"c101","text":"To ensure that the community can take control if necessary, the infrastructure must be \"forkable.\"","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"infrastructure organisations","subject":"forkability of infrastructure","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"To ensure that the community can take control if necessary, the infrastructure must be “forkable.”","representedInStars":true}
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{"key":"osft-doc-1781/c103","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/006d5f4c7ad74d18","nativeRecordCid":"56426a73-3e88-438f-8ca8-40f2994bcecf","documentId":"osft-doc-1781","id":"c103","text":"Each crucial part of the infrastructure must be legally and technically capable of replication, including software systems and data.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"infrastructure organisations","subject":"replicability of crucial infrastructure parts","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Each crucial part then must be legally and technically capable of replication, including software systems and data.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1781/c104","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/0e7b8d5142d34ece","nativeRecordCid":"a3189ca3-0a2b-4be4-8cd7-c8ef232aae0e","documentId":"osft-doc-1781","id":"c104","text":"Forking carries a high cost and in practice would always remain challenging.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"cost and difficulty of forking","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Forking carries a high cost, and in practice this would always remain challenging.","representedInStars":true}
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{"key":"osft-doc-1781/c106","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/2087757405194ebc","nativeRecordCid":"e5f452e3-c8b3-4d56-8901-a62e6814dc7b","documentId":"osft-doc-1781","id":"c106","text":"The possibility of forking prompts all players to work well together, spurring a virtuous cycle.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"possibility of forking","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The possibility of forking prompts all players to work well together, spurring a virtuous cycle.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1781/c107","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/145ab8db7ebb4e82","nativeRecordCid":"a8fedede-15fe-4c97-8094-81f124d48765","documentId":"osft-doc-1781","id":"c107","text":"Acts that reduce the feasibility of forking are strong signals that concerns should be raised.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"acts reducing forking feasibility","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Acts that reduce the feasibility of forking then are strong signals that concerns should be raised.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1781/c108","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/efa02cf9341744b6","nativeRecordCid":"dfa81367-f267-4909-85f1-764ca31472ac","documentId":"osft-doc-1781","id":"c108","text":"Crossref clearly meets two of the four Insurance requirements.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"Crossref's insurance requirements","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Crossref clearly meets two of the four Insurance requirements.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1781/c109","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/2a00f4a049634d45","nativeRecordCid":"0dde1bdc-64a3-4970-9fb3-ee5a61996340","documentId":"osft-doc-1781","id":"c109","text":"The remaining two Insurance requirements can be met easily by Crossref with some clarification and time.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"Crossref's remaining insurance requirements","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"And the remaining two can be met easily with some clarification and time.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1781/c110","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/13ec2855b4844db1","nativeRecordCid":"2d8ed24f-77a5-4100-a68a-cff494e049d4","documentId":"osft-doc-1781","id":"c110","text":"The governance section of POSI is designed to ensure that an infrastructure organisation is beholden to the broader stakeholder community.","kind":"definitional","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"purpose of POSI's governance section","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The “governance” section of POSI is designed to ensure that an infrastructure organisation is beholden to the broader stakeholder community and that it can not be co-opted by a particular party or special interest.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1781/c111","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/9b293e8f4f8944d1","nativeRecordCid":"97be889d-6545-4f0c-b7b0-94fb4583b16c","documentId":"osft-doc-1781","id":"c111","text":"The governance section of POSI is designed to ensure that an infrastructure organisation cannot be co-opted by a particular party or special interest.","kind":"definitional","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"purpose of POSI's governance section","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The “governance” section of POSI is designed to ensure that an infrastructure organisation is beholden to the broader stakeholder community and that it can not be co-opted by a particular party or special interest.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1781/c112","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/704a05bc2a6543ad","nativeRecordCid":"6dac8eba-ef20-438c-beb7-d644be949d78","documentId":"osft-doc-1781","id":"c112","text":"The sustainability section of POSI is designed to ensure that the infrastructure organisation takes the financial steps to weather sudden changes in the financial or technical environment.","kind":"definitional","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"purpose of POSI's sustainability section","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"And the “sustainability” section of POSI is designed to ensure that the infrastructure organisation takes the financial steps to ensure it can weather sudden changes in the financial or technical environment.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1781/c113","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/eac8a2fab02c45a7","nativeRecordCid":"faa1e855-4515-41db-ac94-62d494d7fb33","documentId":"osft-doc-1781","id":"c113","text":"The insurance section of POSI is designed to protect stakeholder interests in case either the governance or sustainability sections fail.","kind":"definitional","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"purpose of POSI's insurance section","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"But the last section, “insurance” is designed to protect stakeholder interests in case either “governance” or “sustainability” fail.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1781/c114","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/ac1ed9d0fd764b60","nativeRecordCid":"1fc06d08-c711-4591-8c82-82e7f7d7c38b","documentId":"osft-doc-1781","id":"c114","text":"The term \"forkable\" comes from the Open Source software community, where it indicates when a software community's interests diverge and they split a project into several projects, each focusing on a sub-community's interests.","kind":"definitional","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"the term forkable","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The term “forkable” comes from the Open Source software community where it is used to indicate when a software community’s interests diverge and they decide to split a project into several projects, with each new project focusing on a particular sub-community’s interests.","representedInStars":false}
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{"key":"osft-doc-1781/c166","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/844089a5f21d47db","nativeRecordCid":"fed70467-ba8a-411a-8a45-85512e5351c0","documentId":"osft-doc-1781","id":"c166","text":"The POSI principles were essential to building the trust that allowed Crossref to function over the past twenty years.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"POSI principles and Crossref's trust","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"That they were essential to building the trust that allowed us to function over the past twenty years, and they will continue to be essential in the future- as we look to work with existing organisations to strengthen current infrastructures, and work with new stakeholders to develop new infrastructures.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1781/c167","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/98a6ee18de6a4d53","nativeRecordCid":"73116d44-fa41-47cb-b639-08bdcc0c633b","documentId":"osft-doc-1781","id":"c167","text":"The POSI principles will continue to be essential to Crossref in the future.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"POSI principles' future role","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"That they were essential to building the trust that allowed us to function over the past twenty years, and they will continue to be essential in the future- as we look to work with existing organisations to strengthen current infrastructures, and work with new stakeholders to develop new infrastructures.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1781/c168","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/5a52dfe90d914324","nativeRecordCid":"2e2e4142-03ce-45b5-86be-4638127afc56","documentId":"osft-doc-1781","id":"c168","text":"So much of the work in building scholarly infrastructure is about building trust.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"building scholarly infrastructure","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"So much of the work in building scholarly infrastructure is about building trust.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1781/c169","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/fd8a2d7f3dac4de0","nativeRecordCid":"b3b388e8-b9a7-430b-8c6d-35daf5aae5bd","documentId":"osft-doc-1781","id":"c169","text":"Other organisations adopting POSI would help collaboration by confirming shared fundamental values from the outset.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"effect of other organisations adopting POSI","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Doing so would help us to collaborate more efficiently by allowing us to confirm from the outset that our fundamental values align.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1781/c170","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/756608b6468943d5","nativeRecordCid":"fb460f02-5abf-473a-83eb-859def763b4b","documentId":"osft-doc-1781","id":"c170","text":"Having a set of verifiable commitments helps build the community's trust in organisations and services.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"verifiable commitments and community trust","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"And having a set of verifiable commitments that we can point to will also help build the community’s trust in our respective organisations and services.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1781/c171","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/e0e8b83db6ce4823","nativeRecordCid":"c89bcb8e-a636-4dfb-a635-a4b80b94caa3","documentId":"osft-doc-1781","id":"c171","text":"POSI is not exclusively a Crossref initiative.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"ownership of POSI","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Although POSI might have been inspired by Crossref, POSI is not a “Crossref thang” and it never has been.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1781/c172","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/07ca5d5d75e549a3","nativeRecordCid":"ec77c422-9fcd-44aa-89af-f9f19f88b43e","documentId":"osft-doc-1781","id":"c172","text":"The movement to create open scholarly infrastructures and to define and clarify the ground rules within which they operate has become a much broader community concern.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"movement for open scholarly infrastructure","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The movement to create open scholarly infrastructures and to define and clarify the ground rules within which they operate has become a much broader community concern.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1781/c173","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/f69e16c61f3246a0","nativeRecordCid":"88db5c9a-b0db-4abd-8535-bbb4139914fe","documentId":"osft-doc-1781","id":"c173","text":"The openscholarlyinfrastructure.org website provides a place for anybody who wants to link to or cite POSI, whether endorsing or discussing it.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"purpose of the POSI website","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Minimally, this provides a place for anybody who wants to link to or cite POSI - either because they are endorsing them, or because they are simply discussing them.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1781/c174","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/2ad9cf542aa841cb","nativeRecordCid":"f5f808d2-5270-4cb6-a7e4-53b360444e85","documentId":"osft-doc-1781","id":"c174","text":"The website could evolve to become a register of organisations and services that have formally adopted POSI and a place to link to their self-assessments against the principles.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"future evolution of the POSI website","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"If we see enough activity of this type, then the site could evolve to become a register of those organisations and services who have formally adopted POSI and a place where they can link to their self-assessments against the principles.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1781/c175","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/6cae58c9de28488d","nativeRecordCid":"4eedfdc4-2759-41bc-bd9c-525b83c5156b","documentId":"osft-doc-1781","id":"c175","text":"The community promoting, discussing and applying POSI has long since grown beyond the original authors of the POSI blog post.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"POSI community growth","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The community promoting, discussing and applying POSI has long since grown beyond the original authors of the POSI blog post.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1781/c176","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/14b66307e1084b8b","nativeRecordCid":"764977ce-fd46-4c41-9c8b-972c38723077","documentId":"osft-doc-1781","id":"c176","text":"The community promoting, discussing and applying POSI is much larger than any single organisation.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"size of POSI community","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"And it is also much larger than any single organisation.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1781/c177","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/da5c13a51e4845fa","nativeRecordCid":"41ab393d-0a63-4c2f-99ea-32cc32391c17","documentId":"osft-doc-1781","id":"c177","text":"Crossref needs to increase its contingency funds.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"Crossref","subject":"Crossref's contingency funds","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"We need to increase our contingency funds.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1781/c178","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/59afacd7debc4f41","nativeRecordCid":"6b9fbe97-a0bd-4a58-854f-f76626ca3603","documentId":"osft-doc-1781","id":"c178","text":"Crossref needs to publish a patent non-assertion covenant.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"Crossref","subject":"Crossref's patent non-assertion covenant","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"We need to publish a patent non-assertion covenant.","representedInStars":true}
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{"key":"osft-doc-1781/c180","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/ffcbd54fcddc44ab","nativeRecordCid":"8f3e50b3-047e-4536-9dbc-df0102aab40e","documentId":"osft-doc-1781","id":"c180","text":"Crossref needs to clarify its metadata license information.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"Crossref","subject":"Crossref's metadata license information","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"And we need to clarify our metadata license information and make it explicit that Crossref waives copyright (using CC-0) for any metadata generated by Crossref.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1781/c181","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/acf0b0b3df0e4e5d","nativeRecordCid":"bee8c35e-27a6-4269-afb4-0756084338f3","documentId":"osft-doc-1781","id":"c181","text":"Crossref needs to make it explicit that Crossref waives copyright, using CC0, for any metadata generated by Crossref.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"Crossref","subject":"Crossref's copyright waiver for its own metadata","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"And we need to clarify our metadata license information and make it explicit that Crossref waives copyright (using CC-0) for any metadata generated by Crossref.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1781/c182","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/2141a4be6864473a","nativeRecordCid":"11b91e5d-e9db-4411-96a2-0692d76edfae","documentId":"osft-doc-1781","id":"c182","text":"As Crossref expands and starts working with different stakeholders, it will need to adjust its governance and the composition of its board accordingly.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"Crossref","subject":"Crossref's governance and board composition","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"And, finally, as Crossref expands and starts working with different stakeholders, we will need to adjust our governance and the composition of our board accordingly.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1781/c183","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/4313d972590e4e5a","nativeRecordCid":"15ecf0c6-a5e5-4049-b662-1901d3f1a9b7","documentId":"osft-doc-1781","id":"c183","text":"The issue of open scholarly infrastructure has become prominent in the community.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"prominence of open scholarly infrastructure","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"We are delighted that the issue of open scholarly infrastructure has become so prominent in the community.","representedInStars":true}
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{"key":"osft-doc-1795/c4","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/707afa05b7ee43ea","nativeRecordCid":"d0f793fb-fa57-45c9-9cf1-233a9f4ec328","documentId":"osft-doc-1795","id":"c4","text":"Researchers have historically been and continue to be the primary beneficiaries of research involving Inuit people, wildlife, and environment.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"primary beneficiaries of research involving Inuit","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The term research invokes strong reactions among Inuit because researchers have historically\nbeen and continue to be the primary beneficiaries of research involving our people, wildlife,\nand environment.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1795/c5","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/22dff7cf02984c15","nativeRecordCid":"f7e6a6f7-fbd7-41f9-a653-63437a177481","documentId":"osft-doc-1795","id":"c5","text":"Research can play an important role in informing actions that create safer, healthier, and more resilient communities.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"research's role in community wellbeing","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"While we recognize the important role research can play in informing \nactions that create safer, healthier, and more resilient communities, Inuit from across Inuit\nNunangat have long insisted that researchers and research institutions respect Inuit self-\ndetermination in research through partnerships that enhance the efficacy, impact, and \nusefulness of research.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1795/c6","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/b23aaabd242440f4","nativeRecordCid":"79137768-3e55-45b4-8527-b76c1c9dda65","documentId":"osft-doc-1795","id":"c6","text":"Researchers and research institutions should respect Inuit self-determination in research through partnerships that enhance the efficacy, impact, and usefulness of research.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"researchers and research institutions","subject":"respecting Inuit self-determination in research","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"While we recognize the important role research can play in informing \nactions that create safer, healthier, and more resilient communities, Inuit from across Inuit\nNunangat have long insisted that researchers and research institutions respect Inuit self-\ndetermination in research through partnerships that enhance the efficacy, impact, and \nusefulness of research.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1795/c7","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/81f6b4e67f024a9f","nativeRecordCid":"0f38039a-ed19-44f1-9387-a733c4f31ce7","documentId":"osft-doc-1795","id":"c7","text":"Researchers have enjoyed great privilege as they have passed through Inuit communities and homeland, using public or academic funding to answer their own questions about Inuit environment, wildlife, and people.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"researchers' privilege in Inuit Nunangat","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"For far too long, researchers have enjoyed great privilege as they have passed through \nour communities and homeland, using public or academic funding to answer their own\nquestions about our environment, wildlife, and people.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1795/c8","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/3edf50e57a8146ab","nativeRecordCid":"fca486a0-e6d5-422b-864d-5b35e477dd8f","documentId":"osft-doc-1795","id":"c8","text":"Many researchers ignore Inuit in creating the outcomes of their work for the advancement of their careers, research institutions, or governments.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"researchers ignoring Inuit in research outcomes","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Many of these same researchers then\nignore Inuit in creating the outcomes of their work for the advancement of their careers,\ntheir research institutions, or their governments.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1795/c9","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/7f40a675abd84832","nativeRecordCid":"fda235ef-45af-477d-972a-849488ce3a0e","documentId":"osft-doc-1795","id":"c9","text":"This type of exploitative relationship between researchers and Inuit must end.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"","subject":"exploitative research relationship","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"This type of exploitative relationship must\nend.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1795/c10","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/754c7ea371084b73","nativeRecordCid":"031039ef-5639-418a-b668-a0d3cf985bd7","documentId":"osft-doc-1795","id":"c10","text":"Inuit, governments, and research institutions can transform research relationships by working together.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"collaborative transformation of research relationships","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Inuit, governments, and research institutions can do so by working together to transform\nresearch relationships.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1795/c11","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/5a4a370f245e4367","nativeRecordCid":"ad3864bb-b14d-45a2-91bf-a2b58529f713","documentId":"osft-doc-1795","id":"c11","text":"Inuit and researchers have reaped the benefits of research relationships premised on respect for Inuit self-determination.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"benefits of self-determination-based research relationships","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Inuit and researchers have reaped the benefits of research \nrelationships premised on respect for Inuit self-determination and are seeking coherent \nand consistent research relationships across Inuit Nunangat.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1795/c12","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/6a5460acaa4d407e","nativeRecordCid":"6b605e6c-62ec-4a8e-9a27-760f0ebb0701","documentId":"osft-doc-1795","id":"c12","text":"Inuit and researchers are seeking coherent and consistent research relationships across Inuit Nunangat.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"coherence of research relationships across Inuit Nunangat","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Inuit and researchers have reaped the benefits of research \nrelationships premised on respect for Inuit self-determination and are seeking coherent \nand consistent research relationships across Inuit Nunangat.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1795/c13","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/66beebc5f70547c2","nativeRecordCid":"eb9d2e10-bba2-4372-b931-9393d8c49f84","documentId":"osft-doc-1795","id":"c13","text":"In recent years, researchers, research institutions, and Inuit have developed meaningful partnerships and undertaken research that has created value for Inuit people and communities.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"recent meaningful research partnerships","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"In recent years, a number of \nresearchers, research institutions, and Inuit have developed meaningful partnerships \nand undertaken research which has created value for our people and communities.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1795/c14","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/59ef25958c6e49a9","nativeRecordCid":"1f01c67a-9115-437e-8fe6-4c2120ddb180","documentId":"osft-doc-1795","id":"c14","text":"Meaningful research partnerships have been developed in a fragmented fashion because they are dependent upon goodwill and respect between individual researchers, institutions, and Inuit.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"fragmented development of research partnerships","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"These \nmeaningful partnerships have been developed in a fragmented fashion because they \nare dependent upon goodwill and respect between individual researchers, institutions, \nand Inuit.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1795/c15","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/072df839a9c6416b","nativeRecordCid":"58320bf9-05d1-441d-b8be-742a990a32d5","documentId":"osft-doc-1795","id":"c15","text":"Achieving Inuit self-determination in research can lead to an evolution of the outdated policies and processes that determine the relationship with research.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"Inuit self-determination and policy evolution","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Achieving Inuit self-determination in research can lead to an evolution of the outdated \npolicies and processes that determine our relationship with research, as well as enhanced\ncapacity for Inuit-led research.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1795/c16","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/b6f85fed2db54b6e","nativeRecordCid":"fc7d0387-8e14-4c19-8aa6-b502228dda41","documentId":"osft-doc-1795","id":"c16","text":"Achieving Inuit self-determination in research can lead to enhanced capacity for Inuit-led research.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"Inuit self-determination and Inuit-led research capacity","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Achieving Inuit self-determination in research can lead to an evolution of the outdated \npolicies and processes that determine our relationship with research, as well as enhanced\ncapacity for Inuit-led research.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1795/c17","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/1f0646ea097746e9","nativeRecordCid":"11cc3f2b-3570-4655-871e-73f5e86876d9","documentId":"osft-doc-1795","id":"c17","text":"Inuit have taken important strides towards self-determination in research.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"Inuit progress towards self-determination in research","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"This strategy builds upon the important strides taken by Inuit towards self-determination in\nresearch by offering solutions to challenges our people have grappled with for decades.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1795/c18","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/8a7ad4482e1a451e","nativeRecordCid":"323e7c63-6a02-465b-85b5-f3f67174df8d","documentId":"osft-doc-1795","id":"c18","text":"Research should be utilized as a building block for strong public policies, programs, and initiatives.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"","subject":"research as a building block for public policy","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"It\nenvisions research being utilized as a building block for strong public policies, programs,\nand initiatives that support optimal outcomes for Inuit that in turn benefit all Canadians.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1795/c19","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/daf2a133580e441b","nativeRecordCid":"a39362fb-8518-4420-a7d1-f842e04ca313","documentId":"osft-doc-1795","id":"c19","text":"Strong public policies, informed by the best available evidence, can support optimal outcomes for Inuit.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"strong public policies and outcomes for Inuit","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Strong public policies, informed by\nthe best available evidence, can support optimal outcomes\nfor Inuit that in turn benefit all Canadians.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1795/c20","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/16882be7c77a463f","nativeRecordCid":"f8db9c52-c290-4f52-ba22-83e11f8f0323","documentId":"osft-doc-1795","id":"c20","text":"Optimal outcomes for Inuit in turn benefit all Canadians.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"optimal outcomes for Inuit benefiting Canadians","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Strong public policies, informed by\nthe best available evidence, can support optimal outcomes\nfor Inuit that in turn benefit all Canadians.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1795/c21","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/45f3902603c94834","nativeRecordCid":"4788e06a-37f4-4479-8d14-b51224c445a1","documentId":"osft-doc-1795","id":"c21","text":"Colonial approaches to research endure in Canada that prevent Inuit from making decisions about research activity in their homeland, such as setting the research agenda, monitoring compliance with ethical research guidelines, and determining how data and information about Inuit people, wildlife, and environment is collected, stored, used, and shared.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"colonial approaches limiting Inuit decision-making","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"However, colonial approaches to research endure in\nCanada that prevent Inuit from making decisions about research activity in our homeland, such\nas setting the research agenda, monitoring compliance with guidelines for ethical research, and\ndetermining how data and information about our people, wildlife, and environment is collected,\nstored, used, and shared.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1795/c22","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/c6e5d1cc467d40c3","nativeRecordCid":"877b4268-f484-4637-90c8-fbca81de9915","documentId":"osft-doc-1795","id":"c22","text":"Research governance bodies, policies, and practices must be transformed to respect Inuit self-determination in Inuit Nunangat research.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"","subject":"research governance bodies, policies, and practices","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"In this time of reconciliation, research governance bodies, policies, and\npractices must be transformed to respect Inuit self-determination in Inuit Nunangat research.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1795/c23","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/da71eb7cc444463c","nativeRecordCid":"334add59-ad6f-4bda-8d8e-d184da67c933","documentId":"osft-doc-1795","id":"c23","text":"Advancing Inuit governance in research is imperative for enhancing the efficacy, impact, and usefulness of research for Inuit.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"","subject":"advancing Inuit governance in research","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Advancing Inuit governance in research is imperative for enhancing the efficacy, impact, \nand usefulness of research for Inuit.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1795/c24","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/850112625c044d1f","nativeRecordCid":"a6f46c98-0a65-42e8-869c-f219ed1eed09","documentId":"osft-doc-1795","id":"c24","text":"Governments and research institutions must partner with Inuit representational organizations at the regional, national, and international levels of Inuit governance to implement engagement processes that respect the role of Inuit in decision-making regarding research involving Inuit people, wildlife, and environment.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"governments and research institutions","subject":"partnering with Inuit representational organizations","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"This requires governments and research institutions to partner\nwith Inuit representational organizations to implement engagement processes that respect the\nrole of Inuit in decision-making when it comes to research involving our people, wildlife, and \nenvironment. This must occur at the regional, national, and international levels of Inuit governance.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1795/c25","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/7059f5aeb9734218","nativeRecordCid":"d8a3b119-ad3c-4316-881c-933e101dd51b","documentId":"osft-doc-1795","id":"c25","text":"Inuit Nunangat is the Inuit-preferred name of the geographic, political, and cultural region also described as 'the Arctic', 'North', and 'North of 60'.","kind":"definitional","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"Inuit Nunangat","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Since the 1990s, the Government of Canada has allocated hundreds of millions of dollars for \nresearch taking place in Inuit Nunangat, which is the Inuit-preferred name of the geographic, \npolitical, and cultural region whose various descriptions include “the Arctic”, “North”, and “North\nof 60” – none of which accurately encapsulate the Inuit homeland.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1795/c26","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/45174c5131c0497e","nativeRecordCid":"db84a489-6b23-474a-9407-2bc69e1846d6","documentId":"osft-doc-1795","id":"c26","text":"None of the descriptions 'the Arctic', 'North', and 'North of 60' accurately encapsulate the Inuit homeland.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"descriptions of the Inuit homeland","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Since the 1990s, the Government of Canada has allocated hundreds of millions of dollars for \nresearch taking place in Inuit Nunangat, which is the Inuit-preferred name of the geographic, \npolitical, and cultural region whose various descriptions include “the Arctic”, “North”, and “North\nof 60” – none of which accurately encapsulate the Inuit homeland.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1795/c27","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/f255cd43eb234653","nativeRecordCid":"3f08194f-99e3-4529-a802-ee24de800366","documentId":"osft-doc-1795","id":"c27","text":"Current investments in Inuit Nunangat research reflect a biological-physical science research bias that diminishes the prominence and attention given to other Inuit research priorities, such as health and social science.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"bias in current Inuit Nunangat research investments","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The current investments in\nInuit Nunangat research reflect a biological-physical science research bias that diminishes the\nprominence and attention given to other Inuit research priorities, such as health and social science.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1795/c28","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/c7c781ea2ff1485a","nativeRecordCid":"1e5186a8-df9c-4810-bdfe-95a0849f7b3e","documentId":"osft-doc-1795","id":"c28","text":"Federal research funding eligibility criteria tend to exclude Inuit representational organizations from accessing funding as lead institutions or principal investigators.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"federal research funding eligibility criteria","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Moreover, federal research funding eligibility criteria tend to exclude Inuit representational \norganizations from accessing funding as lead institutions or principal investigators.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1795/c29","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/421360015d7c4c10","nativeRecordCid":"4f11fc33-6679-486b-ab44-c926edd81d88","documentId":"osft-doc-1795","id":"c29","text":"The absence of a university in Inuit Nunangat, combined with federal funding eligibility criteria that exclude Inuit representational organizations, contributes to the continued domination of Inuit Nunangat research by non-Inuit researchers based outside of Inuit Nunangat.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"domination of Inuit Nunangat research by non-Inuit researchers","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"This coupled\nwith the absence of a university in Inuit Nunangat contributes to the continued domination of\nInuit Nunangat research by non-Inuit researchers based outside of Inuit Nunangat.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1795/c30","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/5b453c10c7754fc2","nativeRecordCid":"e96422bc-3039-4460-bd46-0f65943dedfb","documentId":"osft-doc-1795","id":"c30","text":"Inuit have brokered positive, mutually beneficial relationships with researchers.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"Inuit relationships with researchers","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Inuit have brokered positive, mutually beneficial relationships with \nresearchers and are also undertaking research ourselves.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1795/c31","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/20513479d2db470b","nativeRecordCid":"d0665fb2-4d6a-466f-bdc1-51bc43cbe16c","documentId":"osft-doc-1795","id":"c31","text":"Inuit are undertaking research themselves.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"Inuit undertaking research","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Inuit have brokered positive, mutually beneficial relationships with \nresearchers and are also undertaking research ourselves.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1795/c32","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/bf6e257bdd7f469e","nativeRecordCid":"d83996e1-20cf-414f-8a00-92eb83bee236","documentId":"osft-doc-1795","id":"c32","text":"There is growing recognition within the research community about the partnership role that Inuit play in Inuit Nunangat research.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"recognition of Inuit's partnership role","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"There is growing recognition within the\nresearch community about the partnership role that Inuit must play in Inuit Nunangat research.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1795/c33","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/4f24677782524f15","nativeRecordCid":"a6346517-487c-41bf-b346-db5feb3deee9","documentId":"osft-doc-1795","id":"c33","text":"Inuit must play a partnership role in Inuit Nunangat research.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"","subject":"Inuit's partnership role in research","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"There is growing recognition within the\nresearch community about the partnership role that Inuit must play in Inuit Nunangat research.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1795/c34","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/c1a3f7423d564261","nativeRecordCid":"80331c9d-1616-43ea-9098-0a41cc5aa302","documentId":"osft-doc-1795","id":"c34","text":"Important transformations must occur at the policy level for Inuit to achieve self-determination in research.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"","subject":"policy-level transformations for Inuit self-determination","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"At the same time, important transformations must occur at the policy level for Inuit to achieve\nself-determination in research.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1795/c35","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/5d5cec58ceeb42a7","nativeRecordCid":"e688ffea-de95-4339-9423-ccd27b52b86b","documentId":"osft-doc-1795","id":"c35","text":"The relationship between Inuit and the research community is replete with examples of exploitation and racism.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"Inuit-research community relationship","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The relationship between Inuit and the research community is replete with examples of \nexploitation and racism.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1795/c36","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/c5ee08cf64384419","nativeRecordCid":"98558f04-7882-479a-ab49-e44922345f80","documentId":"osft-doc-1795","id":"c36","text":"Research has largely functioned as a tool of colonialism in Inuit Nunangat.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"research as a tool of colonialism","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Research has largely functioned as a tool of colonialism, with the\nearliest scientific forays into Inuit Nunangat serving as precursors for the expansion of \nCanadian sovereignty and the dehumanization of Inuit.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1795/c37","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/9dc3edc1e69d42fc","nativeRecordCid":"b9e0c833-40f2-4f9b-bfc1-95d40b25a687","documentId":"osft-doc-1795","id":"c37","text":"The earliest scientific forays into Inuit Nunangat served as precursors for the expansion of Canadian sovereignty.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"earliest scientific forays and Canadian sovereignty","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Research has largely functioned as a tool of colonialism, with the\nearliest scientific forays into Inuit Nunangat serving as precursors for the expansion of \nCanadian sovereignty and the dehumanization of Inuit.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1795/c38","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/792cc8f85a684950","nativeRecordCid":"d750b1ef-3a0a-4b04-9756-7df6c67171be","documentId":"osft-doc-1795","id":"c38","text":"The earliest scientific forays into Inuit Nunangat served as precursors for the dehumanization of Inuit.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"earliest scientific forays and dehumanization of Inuit","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Research has largely functioned as a tool of colonialism, with the\nearliest scientific forays into Inuit Nunangat serving as precursors for the expansion of \nCanadian sovereignty and the dehumanization of Inuit.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1795/c39","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/e910b29a47484820","nativeRecordCid":"83659064-3384-43b4-8beb-288df538669f","documentId":"osft-doc-1795","id":"c39","text":"Early approaches to the conduct of research in Inuit Nunangat cast Inuit as either objects of study or bystanders.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"early research approaches to Inuit","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Early approaches to the conduct of\nresearch in Inuit Nunangat cast Inuit as either objects of study or bystanders.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1795/c40","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/d5c86f9914fd491a","nativeRecordCid":"06369ccb-12d7-4cf2-9547-15a09441d3b8","documentId":"osft-doc-1795","id":"c40","text":"The legacy of colonial research has had lasting impact on Inuit.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"legacy of colonial research","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"This legacy has\nhad lasting impact on Inuit and it continues to be reflected in current approaches to research\ngovernance, funding, policies, and practices.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1795/c41","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/ff7010e02aab413b","nativeRecordCid":"7c981e2d-17dc-48cf-8f4a-9acfcf450df0","documentId":"osft-doc-1795","id":"c41","text":"The legacy of colonial research continues to be reflected in current approaches to research governance, funding, policies, and practices.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"legacy reflected in current research practices","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"This legacy has\nhad lasting impact on Inuit and it continues to be reflected in current approaches to research\ngovernance, funding, policies, and practices.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1795/c42","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/0443fdedb5194b9a","nativeRecordCid":"09c61132-23dd-4f2b-a6e2-bc670783f914","documentId":"osft-doc-1795","id":"c42","text":"Inuit Nunangat research tends to be governed, resourced, and conducted in a manner that limits Inuit participation.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"governance of Inuit Nunangat research","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Inuit Nunangat research tends to be governed, resourced, and conducted in a manner \nthat limits Inuit participation.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1795/c43","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/fc15100c362a47cb","nativeRecordCid":"48ee6068-49ed-483a-8d59-17ebbebf22f9","documentId":"osft-doc-1795","id":"c43","text":"Colonial approaches to research in which the role of Inuit is imagined as marginal and of little value remain commonplace, even as governments and wider Canadian society have taken steps to achieve reconciliation with Inuit on multiple fronts.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"colonial approaches to research","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Colonial approaches to research in which the role of Inuit is\nimagined as being marginal and of little value remain commonplace, even as governments\nand wider Canadian society have taken steps to achieve reconciliation with Inuit on multiple\nfronts.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1795/c44","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/fc9a6ff6aec54ae4","nativeRecordCid":"67bb984e-fffd-45fb-94e6-264313bfd8ab","documentId":"osft-doc-1795","id":"c44","text":"Inuit in Canada are among the most studied Indigenous peoples on earth.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"Inuit as studied Indigenous peoples","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Inuit in Canada are among the most studied Indigenous peoples on earth.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1795/c45","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/3b6522eee6784c59","nativeRecordCid":"1ac99798-c1fa-4f57-8057-f40d54146aed","documentId":"osft-doc-1795","id":"c45","text":"The primary beneficiaries of Inuit Nunangat research continue to be researchers themselves, in the form of access to funding, data and information, research outcomes, and career advancement.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"primary beneficiaries of Inuit Nunangat research","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The primary \nbeneficiaries of Inuit Nunangat research continue to be researchers themselves, in the form\nof access to funding, data and information, research outcomes, and career advancement.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1795/c46","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/c0227ee65b0a484f","nativeRecordCid":"e2d4c5a1-5176-4b36-82a8-2407b0c37239","documentId":"osft-doc-1795","id":"c46","text":"Inuit remain largely marginalized from research governing bodies.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"Inuit marginalization from research governing bodies","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Inuit remain largely marginalized from research governing bodies and in turn from \nexperiencing the benefits of research.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1795/c47","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/be762a697297425a","nativeRecordCid":"fdc0e8d0-b273-42d2-810e-219afacac88a","documentId":"osft-doc-1795","id":"c47","text":"Inuit remain largely marginalized from experiencing the benefits of research.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"Inuit marginalization from research benefits","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Inuit remain largely marginalized from research governing bodies and in turn from \nexperiencing the benefits of research.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1795/c48","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/7310126478e54154","nativeRecordCid":"d7ac74da-6ed7-4699-959b-3425c91a5423","documentId":"osft-doc-1795","id":"c48","text":"Research relationships in Inuit Nunangat have evolved in recent years to include partnerships between Inuit and academic institutions, researchers, and governments.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"evolution of research relationships in Inuit Nunangat","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Research relationships in Inuit Nunangat have evolved in recent years to include partnerships\nbetween Inuit and academic institutions, researchers, and governments.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1795/c49","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/abd63777d7f446b4","nativeRecordCid":"d38bfb8a-2711-4cc2-b440-2389f6b47f20","documentId":"osft-doc-1795","id":"c49","text":"Inuit have applied research to support advocacy and create social equity.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"Inuit application of research","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Inuit have applied\nthis research and pursued Inuit-specific research priorities to support advocacy and create\nsocial equity.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1795/c50","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/266ea7a24c8645ec","nativeRecordCid":"6e78ad40-4f71-44c3-8d8e-b21721a8e099","documentId":"osft-doc-1795","id":"c50","text":"Inuit have pursued Inuit-specific research priorities to support advocacy and create social equity.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"Inuit pursuit of research priorities","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Inuit have applied\nthis research and pursued Inuit-specific research priorities to support advocacy and create\nsocial equity.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1795/c51","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/96fb113938d1484f","nativeRecordCid":"19dc2c5d-85c9-4cce-8ede-7a5651772a5e","documentId":"osft-doc-1795","id":"c51","text":"Partnerships between Inuit and researchers have tended to be sporadic.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"sporadic nature of Inuit-researcher partnerships","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"However these partnerships have tended to be sporadic.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1795/c52","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/e7c6742f006a4d0c","nativeRecordCid":"aa7dbf9c-a38a-4a45-9d22-5418e7659a8e","documentId":"osft-doc-1795","id":"c52","text":"Inuit research priorities should no longer be ignored or marginalized by governments, researchers, and research institutions.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"governments, researchers, and research institutions","subject":"Inuit research priorities","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Inuit self-determination in research requires that Inuit research priorities no longer be \nignored or marginalized by governments, researchers, and research institutions.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1795/c53","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/ed9a89ebb65b4574","nativeRecordCid":"8c173f57-d5fd-4b28-837b-cef317394cf8","documentId":"osft-doc-1795","id":"c53","text":"Inuit research priorities should be reflected among the priorities identified by funding agencies.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"funding agencies","subject":"Inuit research priorities in funding agency priorities","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Inuit \nresearch priorities should be reflected among the priorities identified by funding agencies,\nand they should influence the manner in which research priorities are determined, the \ncomposition and function of research governance bodies, as well as funding eligibility criteria\nfor prospective research grant applicants.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1795/c54","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/de515fd47f7d4a37","nativeRecordCid":"b60d46aa-94a6-48f8-8266-fe7a271092cf","documentId":"osft-doc-1795","id":"c54","text":"Inuit research priorities should influence the manner in which research priorities are determined.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"","subject":"determination of research priorities","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Inuit \nresearch priorities should be reflected among the priorities identified by funding agencies,\nand they should influence the manner in which research priorities are determined, the \ncomposition and function of research governance bodies, as well as funding eligibility criteria\nfor prospective research grant applicants.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1795/c55","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/7bf498ca074246b4","nativeRecordCid":"933aa621-968b-42ec-946d-0f807f38c000","documentId":"osft-doc-1795","id":"c55","text":"Inuit research priorities should influence the composition and function of research governance bodies.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"","subject":"composition and function of research governance bodies","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Inuit \nresearch priorities should be reflected among the priorities identified by funding agencies,\nand they should influence the manner in which research priorities are determined, the \ncomposition and function of research governance bodies, as well as funding eligibility criteria\nfor prospective research grant applicants.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1795/c56","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/62149a45ce254fe3","nativeRecordCid":"f1100c00-126c-41cf-a866-180dd4bc7101","documentId":"osft-doc-1795","id":"c56","text":"Inuit research priorities should influence funding eligibility criteria for prospective research grant applicants.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"","subject":"funding eligibility criteria for research grant applicants","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Inuit \nresearch priorities should be reflected among the priorities identified by funding agencies,\nand they should influence the manner in which research priorities are determined, the \ncomposition and function of research governance bodies, as well as funding eligibility criteria\nfor prospective research grant applicants.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1795/c57","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/872b8bfa59804bbc","nativeRecordCid":"31f88191-9a1b-47dd-a04d-7900dc9ad6cd","documentId":"osft-doc-1795","id":"c57","text":"Advancing Inuit governance in research is mutually beneficial to Inuit.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"benefits of Inuit governance in research to Inuit","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"It describes how \nadvancing Inuit governance in research is mutually beneficial to Inuit and researchers, as\nwell as for creating success in research capacity building, ethics, and funding.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1795/c58","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/6f1544c6a1c14c95","nativeRecordCid":"baa650f5-1c44-4a6c-b256-e88ef2a6fafb","documentId":"osft-doc-1795","id":"c58","text":"Advancing Inuit governance in research is mutually beneficial to researchers.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"benefits of Inuit governance in research to researchers","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"It describes how \nadvancing Inuit governance in research is mutually beneficial to Inuit and researchers, as\nwell as for creating success in research capacity building, ethics, and funding.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1795/c59","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/28622ee9a5a24c42","nativeRecordCid":"bacec97b-7ae6-427c-9f10-5dcf5c240017","documentId":"osft-doc-1795","id":"c59","text":"Advancing Inuit governance in research is beneficial for creating success in research capacity building, ethics, and funding.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"benefits of Inuit governance for capacity, ethics, funding","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"It describes how \nadvancing Inuit governance in research is mutually beneficial to Inuit and researchers, as\nwell as for creating success in research capacity building, ethics, and funding.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1795/c60","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/c0aa8817f06342a8","nativeRecordCid":"331b7ef9-f061-43ec-8b7b-18676c7ae47e","documentId":"osft-doc-1795","id":"c60","text":"Research governance bodies, policies, and practices should be consistent with the Inuit vision for research, achieved through Inuit self-determination in research.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"","subject":"consistency of research governance with Inuit vision","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"We see achieving self-determination\nin research as the means for ensuring that research\ngovernance bodies, policies, and practices\nare consistent with this vision.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1795/c61","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/4a6b695b409d4be8","nativeRecordCid":"d11a409c-f6b6-4068-94ab-052f6a17e0ca","documentId":"osft-doc-1795","id":"c61","text":"Research should produce new knowledge that empowers Inuit people in meeting the needs and priorities of their families and communities.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"","subject":"research and Inuit empowerment","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Inuit envision research producing new knowledge that empowers our people in meeting\nthe needs and priorities of our families and communities.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1795/c62","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/9977b40aae6f4c28","nativeRecordCid":"905582c5-8843-4320-b53d-b338fd643c17","documentId":"osft-doc-1795","id":"c62","text":"Canada needs a national Inuit strategy on research to articulate Inuit expectations for research, define Inuit-preferred approaches to building research partnerships, and identify the actions needed to enhance the efficacy, impact, and usefulness of Inuit Nunangat research for Inuit, including its international dimensions.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"","subject":"national Inuit strategy on research","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Canada needs a national Inuit strategy on research to articulate Inuit expectations for \nresearch, define Inuit-preferred approaches to building research partnerships, as well as \nto identify the actions needed to enhance the efficacy, impact, and usefulness of Inuit\nNunangat research for Inuit, including its international dimensions.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1795/c63","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/b1848d11fdc44c51","nativeRecordCid":"c493bc76-8e28-4ee0-ab4a-cbe208d1df24","documentId":"osft-doc-1795","id":"c63","text":"Decisions about Inuit Nunangat research priorities and corresponding funding tend to be made unilaterally by governments and research institutions that are external to Inuit Nunangat.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"unilateral decisions on research priorities and funding","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Decisions about Inuit Nunangat research priorities and corresponding funding tend to \nbe made unilaterally by governments and research institutions that are external to Inuit\nNunangat.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1795/c64","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/2e7804fded5444b1","nativeRecordCid":"ac4d3ff9-7835-40bb-8b84-71db10590faf","documentId":"osft-doc-1795","id":"c64","text":"The majority of Inuit Nunangat research is carried out without the consent of Inuit, as represented by Inuit representational organizations at regional, national, and international levels.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"consent for Inuit Nunangat research","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The majority of Inuit Nunangat research is carried out without the consent of\nInuit, as represented by Inuit representational organizations at regional, national, and \ninternational levels.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1795/c65","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/1dc33353cdfd4fc3","nativeRecordCid":"3bc24e6b-a95c-4fce-af66-b5bd90d8045e","documentId":"osft-doc-1795","id":"c65","text":"Inuit are rarely engaged in the early planning of research initiatives.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"Inuit engagement in early research planning","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Inuit are rarely engaged in the early planning of research initiatives, often\nresulting in wasteful, redundant, and counterproductive research.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1795/c66","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/82e320900ebe4ce7","nativeRecordCid":"ab4c7cc1-fe07-4acf-a473-95a37deea301","documentId":"osft-doc-1795","id":"c66","text":"The rare engagement of Inuit in early research planning often results in wasteful, redundant, and counterproductive research.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"consequences of rare Inuit engagement in planning","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Inuit are rarely engaged in the early planning of research initiatives, often\nresulting in wasteful, redundant, and counterproductive research.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1795/c67","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/73af355b9dec4a03","nativeRecordCid":"03c2ecfe-8139-4aa0-8f88-e53c427b6029","documentId":"osft-doc-1795","id":"c67","text":"Severe social inequity between Inuit and most other Canadians exists and has been noted by the federal government, the research community, and the international community.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"social inequity between Inuit and Canadians","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Severe social inequity between Inuit and most other Canadians has been noted by the federal government, the research community, and the international community.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1795/c68","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/ffef0332a5cc4c6f","nativeRecordCid":"5d9633ea-2d3b-4c4b-a787-279be08629e1","documentId":"osft-doc-1795","id":"c68","text":"Present day social inequity among Inuit is rooted in egregious policies of the past.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"social inequity among Inuit","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Present day\nsocial inequity among Inuit is rooted in egregious policies of the past.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1795/c69","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/ca5fd5ab5a98473e","nativeRecordCid":"d708d635-b471-42c4-83a4-01b504eae41b","documentId":"osft-doc-1795","id":"c69","text":"The trauma caused by past experiences, coupled with inequities in infrastructure and services, is linked to elevated rates of poverty faced by many Inuit today.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"trauma from historical experiences and inequities","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The trauma caused by these and other experiences,\ncoupled with inequities in infrastructure and services, is linked to elevated rates of poverty,\nviolence, and poor mental and physical health faced by many Inuit today.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1795/c70","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/1dbff6160b3e48d8","nativeRecordCid":"6854f077-1181-4698-85ed-0e266280c00f","documentId":"osft-doc-1795","id":"c70","text":"The trauma caused by past experiences, coupled with inequities in infrastructure and services, is linked to elevated rates of violence faced by many Inuit today.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"trauma from historical experiences and inequities","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The trauma caused by these and other experiences,\ncoupled with inequities in infrastructure and services, is linked to elevated rates of poverty,\nviolence, and poor mental and physical health faced by many Inuit today.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1795/c71","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/03da7210af8e4d0d","nativeRecordCid":"4cc9a98a-be68-41e2-a370-2b35448562b1","documentId":"osft-doc-1795","id":"c71","text":"The trauma caused by past experiences, coupled with inequities in infrastructure and services, is linked to poor mental and physical health faced by many Inuit today.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"trauma from historical experiences and inequities","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The trauma caused by these and other experiences,\ncoupled with inequities in infrastructure and services, is linked to elevated rates of poverty,\nviolence, and poor mental and physical health faced by many Inuit today.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1795/c72","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/79eb70c8e2c54444","nativeRecordCid":"4df35a37-8c55-4cc6-9cf5-45518e0acf0b","documentId":"osft-doc-1795","id":"c72","text":"Inequity refers to unfair and avoidable differences in social and economic status due to cultural or other forms of prejudice, and the failure of governments to act to address those differences.","kind":"definitional","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"inequity","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Inequity refers to unfair and avoidable differences in social and economic status due to \ncultural or other forms of prejudice, and the failure of governments to act to address those\ndifferences.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1795/c73","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/8f6b31fdf6b64714","nativeRecordCid":"4faab9db-d474-4b13-83c5-3469e1a4e9b7","documentId":"osft-doc-1795","id":"c73","text":"Sharp differences in average life expectancy exist between Inuit and most other Canadians.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"life expectancy gap","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Sharp differences in average life expectancy and median household income exist\nbetween Inuit and most other Canadians.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1795/c74","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/b7e9e3bb72d24d58","nativeRecordCid":"4b36a029-ffb8-49ce-b928-76b4bb106304","documentId":"osft-doc-1795","id":"c74","text":"Sharp differences in median household income exist between Inuit and most other Canadians.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"household income gap","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Sharp differences in average life expectancy and median household income exist\nbetween Inuit and most other Canadians.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1795/c75","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/ce089ce057504ce3","nativeRecordCid":"8b5d7c84-acf2-4340-9255-2fddc70b0587","documentId":"osft-doc-1795","id":"c75","text":"Life expectancy is a key measure of population health.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"life expectancy","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Life expectancy is a key measure of population\nhealth and is an indicator used widely to complement economic measures of prosperity.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1795/c76","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/a77ea1d0ee5c46f3","nativeRecordCid":"5ec2f193-79df-47a6-847a-50165ca572a6","documentId":"osft-doc-1795","id":"c76","text":"Life expectancy is an indicator used widely to complement economic measures of prosperity.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"life expectancy","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Life expectancy is a key measure of population\nhealth and is an indicator used widely to complement economic measures of prosperity.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1795/c77","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/386c41261fde448e","nativeRecordCid":"61dd5d5e-f1a7-45c5-9b6d-4a39e4f55b65","documentId":"osft-doc-1795","id":"c77","text":"Differences in life expectancy and household income between Inuit and other Canadians are linked to a high prevalence of intergenerational trauma.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"life expectancy and income differences","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"These differences are linked\nto a high prevalence of intergenerational trauma, suicide, low educational attainment, and\npoverty (see Figure 2:Social and economic inequity in Inuit Nunangat).","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1795/c78","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/892f3c8cda854005","nativeRecordCid":"b41949cb-a14e-47a4-942f-ce79403fafb9","documentId":"osft-doc-1795","id":"c78","text":"Differences in life expectancy and household income between Inuit and other Canadians are linked to a high prevalence of suicide.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"life expectancy and income differences","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"These differences are linked\nto a high prevalence of intergenerational trauma, suicide, low educational attainment, and\npoverty (see Figure 2:Social and economic inequity in Inuit Nunangat).","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1795/c79","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/0c3c1c04a7764cca","nativeRecordCid":"4dc105ad-6cc6-4345-beb0-d1d4f766eca0","documentId":"osft-doc-1795","id":"c79","text":"Differences in life expectancy and household income between Inuit and other Canadians are linked to a high prevalence of low educational attainment.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"life expectancy and income differences","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"These differences are linked\nto a high prevalence of intergenerational trauma, suicide, low educational attainment, and\npoverty (see Figure 2:Social and economic inequity in Inuit Nunangat).","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1795/c80","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/1b190106b48b4717","nativeRecordCid":"7047f6b4-a3fa-4dd4-b4e9-a29fb96a6d01","documentId":"osft-doc-1795","id":"c80","text":"Differences in life expectancy and household income between Inuit and other Canadians are linked to a high prevalence of poverty.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"life expectancy and income differences","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"These differences are linked\nto a high prevalence of intergenerational trauma, suicide, low educational attainment, and\npoverty (see Figure 2:Social and economic inequity in Inuit Nunangat).","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1795/c81","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/dc545cdecb014fcf","nativeRecordCid":"5cf6fba0-c1f5-462f-8c19-d832f1ee5ced","documentId":"osft-doc-1795","id":"c81","text":"Poverty is a barrier to achieving health and wellness for too many Inuit families.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"poverty","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Poverty is a barrier to achieving health and wellness for too many Inuit families.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1795/c82","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/37d44623edf54a0a","nativeRecordCid":"88678c11-f3af-4b18-be1f-34cf05153cc4","documentId":"osft-doc-1795","id":"c82","text":"Social inequities are so profound and pervasive in Inuit Nunangat that they constitute human rights violations.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"social inequities in Inuit Nunangat","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Social inequities are so profound and pervasive in Inuit Nunangat that they constitute human\nrights violations.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1795/c83","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/4a6983d5c7fd4326","nativeRecordCid":"6119c410-86ed-48e7-a797-6ae6ce447d10","documentId":"osft-doc-1795","id":"c83","text":"Creating social equity for Inuit requires that governments work in partnership with Inuit to eliminate unfair and avoidable differences in areas such as housing, education, food security, and access to healthcare.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"governments","subject":"creating social equity for Inuit","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Creating social equity for Inuit requires that governments work in partnership with Inuit to\neliminate unfair and avoidable differences in areas such as housing, education, food security,\nand access to healthcare.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1795/c84","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/b2376057ff9d4a0e","nativeRecordCid":"a4f375f4-9328-4351-8b81-5302bef6892a","documentId":"osft-doc-1795","id":"c84","text":"Evidence-based policymaking can ensure that policy decisions are effective.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"evidence-based policymaking","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Evidence-based policymaking can ensure that policy decisions are\neffective, leading to more efficient use of taxpayer dollars and better outcomes for children,\nadults, and families.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1795/c85","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/91c819bfe3d84143","nativeRecordCid":"56110013-f291-4447-bb67-d769874caa58","documentId":"osft-doc-1795","id":"c85","text":"Evidence-based policymaking leads to more efficient use of taxpayer dollars.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"evidence-based policymaking","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Evidence-based policymaking can ensure that policy decisions are\neffective, leading to more efficient use of taxpayer dollars and better outcomes for children,\nadults, and families.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1795/c86","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/72273c46aa664f4c","nativeRecordCid":"76f59a96-042f-4732-91fe-dd69b784953b","documentId":"osft-doc-1795","id":"c86","text":"Evidence-based policymaking leads to better outcomes for children, adults, and families.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"evidence-based policymaking","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Evidence-based policymaking can ensure that policy decisions are\neffective, leading to more efficient use of taxpayer dollars and better outcomes for children,\nadults, and families.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1795/c87","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/f4f4a34964214aa4","nativeRecordCid":"01601d12-ff6d-45a6-9479-168a4a4c5d07","documentId":"osft-doc-1795","id":"c87","text":"Evidence-based policymaking relies on responsible investments in research.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"evidence-based policymaking","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"It relies on responsible investments in research and the availability of\ndata in order to make informed choices based on evaluations of social costs and benefits.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1795/c88","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/9b167965ea50497c","nativeRecordCid":"5c3c1d68-0e2b-42e7-9511-d578e1786c52","documentId":"osft-doc-1795","id":"c88","text":"Evidence-based policymaking relies on the availability of data.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"evidence-based policymaking","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"It relies on responsible investments in research and the availability of\ndata in order to make informed choices based on evaluations of social costs and benefits.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1795/c89","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/314e2b432b664494","nativeRecordCid":"7fdb95e6-bcb5-4c2f-b7c3-d8424201c443","documentId":"osft-doc-1795","id":"c89","text":"Access to early learning and child care is linked to a host of positive outcomes for children and families.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"early learning and child care access","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"are based on robust evidence linking access to early learning and child care to a host of \npositive outcomes for children and families.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1795/c90","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/c3f79aa87fa14083","nativeRecordCid":"a9df6509-0119-4a93-8114-9653c1d9ce48","documentId":"osft-doc-1795","id":"c90","text":"Current research gaps prevent Inuit and governments from making informed policy decisions.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"research gaps","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"However, current research gaps prevent Inuit and governments from making informed policy decisions.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1795/c91","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/8cd23f2e127740ad","nativeRecordCid":"8f52f6fa-2a08-4d99-8958-ce2750de3114","documentId":"osft-doc-1795","id":"c91","text":"Evidence-based policy making has the potential to be transformative for the most vulnerable in society.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"evidence-based policymaking","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Such evidence-based policy making has the \npotential to be transformative for the most vulnerable in society.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1795/c92","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/f3434986ad9f4f95","nativeRecordCid":"42d44dec-5588-42d2-9cd0-57f1f8d02c05","documentId":"osft-doc-1795","id":"c92","text":"Policy decisions impact everyday lives.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"policy decisions","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Policy \ndecisions in turn impact our everyday lives.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1795/c93","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/0e59b2abed8e4d5e","nativeRecordCid":"972ea4e9-9afb-47bc-9504-15fb4844260b","documentId":"osft-doc-1795","id":"c93","text":"Prior suicide attempts are the greatest risk factor for suicide.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"suicide risk factors","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"despite the fact that prior\nsuicide attempts are the greatest risk factor for suicide.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1795/c94","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/3eb07cb9d63c4bef","nativeRecordCid":"3545aa43-f9e1-4790-9c21-92e748782f2e","documentId":"osft-doc-1795","id":"c94","text":"Inuit self-determination, including in the area of research, must be respected.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"","subject":"Inuit self-determination in research","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Inuit have the right to self-determination, including in the area of research.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1795/c95","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/5fd6d845b8ad4497","nativeRecordCid":"5925b4a3-987b-4ea1-841f-1f24702f146a","documentId":"osft-doc-1795","id":"c95","text":"Researchers and research institutions must acquire the free, prior, and informed consent of Inuit prior to research activity being undertaken in Inuit homeland.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"researchers and research institutions","subject":"consent for research in Inuit homeland","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"This means that\nresearchers and research institutions must acquire the free, prior, and informed consent of\nInuit prior to research activity being undertaken in our homeland.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1795/c96","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/02fe1571654748b6","nativeRecordCid":"170a1e98-dbcd-4fc0-8bd6-d4951476e515","documentId":"osft-doc-1795","id":"c96","text":"Consent should be sought by researchers, governments, and research institutions by engaging Inuit representational organizations or their appointed institutions.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"researchers, governments, and research institutions","subject":"seeking consent for research","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Consent should be sought\nby researchers, governments, and research institutions by engaging Inuit representational\norganizations or our appointed institutions.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1795/c97","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/fe33a6a05cca4867","nativeRecordCid":"f58e22eb-a74c-4554-b72f-45e80a83cca7","documentId":"osft-doc-1795","id":"c97","text":"Inuit self-determination in research is put into action when Inuit representational organizations are engaged as partners in setting the research agenda in Inuit Nunangat.","kind":"definitional","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"Inuit self-determination in research","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Inuit self-determination in research is put into\naction when Inuit representational organizations are engaged as partners in setting the \nresearch agenda in our homeland, have equitable opportunities to access funding for Inuit-\nled research, and are engaged as partners with researchers in the design, implementation,\nand dissemination of research.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1795/c98","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/cb655f023c36435d","nativeRecordCid":"416d2a09-0f0f-418e-99a6-3bf1c645917d","documentId":"osft-doc-1795","id":"c98","text":"Inuit self-determination in research is put into action when Inuit representational organizations have equitable opportunities to access funding for Inuit-led research.","kind":"definitional","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"Inuit self-determination in research","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Inuit self-determination in research is put into\naction when Inuit representational organizations are engaged as partners in setting the \nresearch agenda in our homeland, have equitable opportunities to access funding for Inuit-\nled research, and are engaged as partners with researchers in the design, implementation,\nand dissemination of research.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1795/c99","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/59a17d04f1614618","nativeRecordCid":"fccdda44-5943-4a61-acfc-d2299adfcb84","documentId":"osft-doc-1795","id":"c99","text":"Inuit self-determination in research is put into action when Inuit representational organizations are engaged as partners with researchers in the design, implementation, and dissemination of research.","kind":"definitional","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"Inuit self-determination in research","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Inuit self-determination in research is put into\naction when Inuit representational organizations are engaged as partners in setting the \nresearch agenda in our homeland, have equitable opportunities to access funding for Inuit-\nled research, and are engaged as partners with researchers in the design, implementation,\nand dissemination of research.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1795/c100","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/57fa18b82fa049e8","nativeRecordCid":"29c48401-0ac6-4549-acaa-2b19f9ced406","documentId":"osft-doc-1795","id":"c100","text":"Inuit have the greatest insight on the nature of the challenges facing Inuit families and communities.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"Inuit insight into challenges","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Inuit have the greatest insight on the nature of the challenges facing Inuit families and \ncommunities, coherent ideas for how to address those challenges, and the strongest \nincentives to use research as a tool for developing and implementing innovative solutions\nto society’s problems.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1795/c101","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/3b8d596b8d0647a4","nativeRecordCid":"ee75ea8b-03cc-4eb7-8a7c-d3ed6d6c4951","documentId":"osft-doc-1795","id":"c101","text":"Inuit have coherent ideas for how to address the challenges facing Inuit families and communities.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"Inuit ideas for addressing challenges","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Inuit have the greatest insight on the nature of the challenges facing Inuit families and \ncommunities, coherent ideas for how to address those challenges, and the strongest \nincentives to use research as a tool for developing and implementing innovative solutions\nto society’s problems.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1795/c102","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/491ce5a6be5645cc","nativeRecordCid":"faa55455-c531-4013-af79-e06625ae516d","documentId":"osft-doc-1795","id":"c102","text":"Inuit have the strongest incentives to use research as a tool for developing and implementing innovative solutions to society's problems.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"Inuit incentives to use research","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Inuit have the greatest insight on the nature of the challenges facing Inuit families and \ncommunities, coherent ideas for how to address those challenges, and the strongest \nincentives to use research as a tool for developing and implementing innovative solutions\nto society’s problems.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1795/c103","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/6098330854c84475","nativeRecordCid":"71f28b5c-2d2e-47f9-9599-1e7c0cded80a","documentId":"osft-doc-1795","id":"c103","text":"Inuit self-determination in research is necessary to ensure that research undertaken in Inuit Nunangat adds the greatest possible value to society by being efficacious, impactful, and meaningful.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"","subject":"Inuit self-determination in research","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Inuit self-determination in research is therefore necessary to ensure\nthat research undertaken in Inuit Nunangat adds the greatest possible value to society by\nbeing efficacious, impactful, and meaningful.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1795/c104","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/da26be25a05d493b","nativeRecordCid":"8fa23176-5422-4ec3-b9e4-c7dfb6630319","documentId":"osft-doc-1795","id":"c104","text":"Current research processes too often prioritize the interests of researchers above those of Inuit.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"current research processes","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Doing so is needed to improve upon current\nresearch processes that too often prioritize the interests of researchers above those of Inuit.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1795/c105","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/46f452096c284866","nativeRecordCid":"001eb5cb-a3ab-4ba0-9a3f-4554457ab7c0","documentId":"osft-doc-1795","id":"c105","text":"Partnership between Inuit and the research community ensures that research adheres to ethical guidelines.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"partnership between Inuit and research community","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Partnership between Inuit and the research community ensures that research adheres to ethical\nguidelines (see Figure 3:Where we need to go: Supporting Inuit self-determination in research).","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1795/c106","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/447cb3d4d18c4d08","nativeRecordCid":"0a3952be-3c54-4280-aea1-e1c5d80eab54","documentId":"osft-doc-1795","id":"c106","text":"Achieving Inuit self-determination in research requires fulsome partnership between Inuit representational organizations or their appointed institutions, and governments and research institutions.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"Inuit representational organizations, governments, and research institutions","subject":"Inuit self-determination in research","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Achieving Inuit self-determination in research requires fulsome partnership between Inuit\nrepresentational organizations or their appointed institutions, and governments and research\ninstitutions.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1795/c107","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/1e86feb22919406b","nativeRecordCid":"e4d9baa5-2940-4ec4-be9e-dd0cc2bdda3e","documentId":"osft-doc-1795","id":"c107","text":"Inuit representational organizations should drive Inuit Nunangat research processes through active engagement with the research community.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"Inuit representational organizations","subject":"driving Inuit Nunangat research processes","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Inuit representational organizations should drive Inuit Nunangat research processes\nthrough active engagement with the research community.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1795/c108","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/b481c1deba4a43b8","nativeRecordCid":"7d97ebb3-d249-408c-a463-7ac3f180e682","documentId":"osft-doc-1795","id":"c108","text":"Utilizing the Inuit governance structure for partnership and shared decision-making facilitates democratic Inuit representation and decision-making at the sub-regional, regional, national, and international levels.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"Inuit governance structure","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Utilizing the Inuit governance\nstructure for partnership and shared decision-making facilitates democratic Inuit representation\nand decision-making at the sub-regional, regional, national, and international levels.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1795/c109","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/5659431b877e42cd","nativeRecordCid":"8c6f75a1-8d11-4f4f-87b1-4ddd84569a88","documentId":"osft-doc-1795","id":"c109","text":"Research centres in each of the four regions of Inuit Nunangat serve a variety of valuable functions with regard to research governance, licensing, and monitoring.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"Inuit Nunangat research centres","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Research centres in each of the four regions of Inuit Nunangat serve a variety of valuable\nfunctions with regard to research governance, licensing, and monitoring.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1795/c110","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/21b6d680a36443b5","nativeRecordCid":"2d17bb9c-c486-4037-b608-6c0de3917289","documentId":"osft-doc-1795","id":"c110","text":"The work of Inuit Nunangat research centres is complemented by Inuit-led research initiatives at the regional, national and international levels.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"Inuit Nunangat research centres","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The work of these\ncentres is complemented by Inuit-led research initiatives at the regional, national and \ninternational levels.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1795/c111","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/8dc1a0b504a64169","nativeRecordCid":"d3a356b5-6f60-46fe-8f1a-7f7af0a5e4be","documentId":"osft-doc-1795","id":"c111","text":"Research centres have significant latitude in fulfilling their mandates due to the absence of a standardized or coordinated research licensing process for Inuit Nunangat.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"Inuit Nunangat research centres","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Research centres have significant latitude in fulfilling their mandates\ndue to the absence of a standardized or coordinated research licensing process for Inuit\nNunangat.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1795/c112","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/452643a9b7cf4c1a","nativeRecordCid":"6222d34d-5dff-4328-8e44-3b42169e5929","documentId":"osft-doc-1795","id":"c112","text":"Numerous government departments, research institutions, and non-profits own and operate research stations in Inuit Nunangat.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"research stations in Inuit Nunangat","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Numerous government departments, research institutions, and non-profits own\nand operate research stations, with a disproportionate number being non-Inuit owned or\noperated.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1795/c113","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/af0d0e95eb5a4a13","nativeRecordCid":"da345c11-d6c3-4c17-86f4-402d6285afd2","documentId":"osft-doc-1795","id":"c113","text":"A disproportionate number of research stations in Inuit Nunangat are non-Inuit owned or operated.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"research stations in Inuit Nunangat","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Numerous government departments, research institutions, and non-profits own\nand operate research stations, with a disproportionate number being non-Inuit owned or\noperated.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1795/c114","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/31e6b17604524bf1","nativeRecordCid":"83a591f0-e634-43ef-a5c8-5387a6330f6a","documentId":"osft-doc-1795","id":"c114","text":"Sub-committees of the ITK board actively produce, consume, and utilize research as part of their advocacy.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"ITK board sub-committees","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Other sub-committees of the ITK board, such as the National Inuit Committee on Health, National \nInuit Committee on Climate Change and National \nInuit Education Committee, actively produce, consume, and utilize research as part of their\nadvocacy.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1795/c115","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/67b63e01b4954898","nativeRecordCid":"530952b2-6b30-4a15-a4d3-4c356c2c80a0","documentId":"osft-doc-1795","id":"c115","text":"ITK coordinates committees that utilize research and advance Inuit research priorities.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"ITK committees","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"ITK coordinates committees that utilize research and advance Inuit research priorities.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1795/c116","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/7dba7b51eb324a97","nativeRecordCid":"941abe48-018d-409a-833b-8388c70d7ae4","documentId":"osft-doc-1795","id":"c116","text":"The Inuit Qaujisarvingat National Committee (IQNC) focuses on improving Inuit Nunangat research practice and policy.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"Inuit Qaujisarvingat National Committee","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The\nInuit Qaujisarvingat National Committee (IQNC) focuses on improving Inuit Nunangat \nresearch practice and policy.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1795/c117","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/59c535d7a10d4bc5","nativeRecordCid":"5592bb7e-feb2-4cbc-a3ad-1073c6f9aaf0","documentId":"osft-doc-1795","id":"c117","text":"Including Inuit as partners in the governance of Inuit Nunangat research is necessary to improve the efficacy, impact, and usefulness of Inuit Nunangat research activity.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"","subject":"Inuit partnership in research governance","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Including Inuit as partners in the governance of Inuit Nunangat research is necessary to \nimprove the efficacy, impact, and usefulness of Inuit Nunangat research activity.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1795/c118","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/a0fc8c33e1d64b46","nativeRecordCid":"cef511a7-2c32-4622-8310-de9903f7d310","documentId":"osft-doc-1795","id":"c118","text":"The governance, resourcing, and conduct of Inuit Nunangat research is currently subject to the whims of multiple government ministries and private sector entities and institutions.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"governance of Inuit Nunangat research","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The \ngovernance, resourcing, and conduct of Inuit Nunangat research is currently subject to the\nwhims of multiple government ministries and private sector entities and institutions.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1795/c119","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/d17fb9f0e81d42bf","nativeRecordCid":"267636c3-4a90-43b4-9201-446d1b4f3772","documentId":"osft-doc-1795","id":"c119","text":"There are numerous sources of Inuit Nunangat research funding, including the federal government, private sector, regional and local governments, research institutions, non-profit organizations, and international agencies.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"Inuit Nunangat research funding sources","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"There are numerous sources of Inuit Nunangat research\nfunding, including the federal government, private sector, regional and local governments,\nresearch institutions, non-profit organizations, and international agencies.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1795/c120","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/6b14f72fc6634bfd","nativeRecordCid":"ef69a7c3-083b-4e37-90fb-6946d3879546","documentId":"osft-doc-1795","id":"c120","text":"Engagement with the Inuit governance structure, research institutions, and priorities by the research community tends to be sporadic.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"research community engagement with Inuit governance","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Consequently, engagement with the Inuit governance structure, research institutions, and\npriorities by the research community tends to be sporadic even as the volume of Inuit and\nInuit Nunangat-specific research has increased over time","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1795/c121","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/0b7aa1b42db543a6","nativeRecordCid":"e2930ac9-2e6a-4fdb-9af4-572c1ff6ae17","documentId":"osft-doc-1795","id":"c121","text":"The volume of Inuit and Inuit Nunangat-specific research has increased over time.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"volume of Inuit Nunangat research","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Consequently, engagement with the Inuit governance structure, research institutions, and\npriorities by the research community tends to be sporadic even as the volume of Inuit and\nInuit Nunangat-specific research has increased over time","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1795/c122","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/c56d3eba9f4d4125","nativeRecordCid":"911332c8-806c-4c23-9796-a125a1082009","documentId":"osft-doc-1795","id":"c122","text":"Co-development of a comprehensive Inuit Nunangat research policy by Inuit and the federal government is needed to identify research needs and objectives and to provide expectations and guidance for partnering with Inuit in research.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"Inuit and the federal government","subject":"Inuit Nunangat research policy co-development","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Co-development of a comprehensive Inuit \nNunangat research policy by Inuit and the federal government is a long-term action that is\nneeded to identify research needs and objectives and provides expectations and guidance\nfor partnering with Inuit in research.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1795/c123","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/ad2774bed3eb4c65","nativeRecordCid":"95179884-33f6-4b31-b068-e2385a7b8a13","documentId":"osft-doc-1795","id":"c123","text":"A range of guidelines exist to direct research in Inuit Nunangat.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"guidelines directing research in Inuit Nunangat","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"A range of guidelines exist to direct research in Inuit Nunangat, and federal government \ndepartments have commissioned various reports to examine the status of science in Canada\nas a whole","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1795/c124","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/338ccc8e03034abd","nativeRecordCid":"2361a2eb-b35c-4edc-b01a-53450e1506ae","documentId":"osft-doc-1795","id":"c124","text":"Policy for science includes policies about how to structure, fund, and conduct research.","kind":"definitional","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"policy for science","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"which \n      is different from policy for science, which includes policies about how to structure, fund, and conduct research.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1795/c125","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/03cc74382bc74f42","nativeRecordCid":"5ea091ab-e2bf-4b55-be41-ce415d746714","documentId":"osft-doc-1795","id":"c125","text":"Recent recommendations in federal reports on northern science policy repeat past calls for improved scientific coordination that have existed since the first International Polar Year in 1881.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"recommendations for scientific coordination","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Recent \nrecommendations in these reports repeat past calls for improved scientific coordination that\nhave existed since the first International Polar Year (1881).","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1795/c126","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/bdd88a3d49954bf7","nativeRecordCid":"9e30af99-6e04-49fe-9d9c-5a24e661b7be","documentId":"osft-doc-1795","id":"c126","text":"National science policy refers to federal guidance, such as rules, regulations, methods, practices, and guidelines, for scientific research.","kind":"definitional","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"national science policy","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"National science policy refers to federal guidance (e.g. rules, regulations, methods, practices, and guidelines) for scientific \n      research.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1795/c127","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/5e69afb904254a78","nativeRecordCid":"655b2fe2-b7f2-41ee-bd9a-ef4c77e6b335","documentId":"osft-doc-1795","id":"c127","text":"Science policy deals with the effect of science on society.","kind":"definitional","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"science policy","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Science policy deals with the effect of science on society and considers how science can best serve the public,","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1795/c128","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/d3fca90f6a34471f","nativeRecordCid":"c4433575-3d7a-4b3f-b3d8-cef1c2100152","documentId":"osft-doc-1795","id":"c128","text":"Science policy considers how science can best serve the public.","kind":"definitional","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"science policy","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Science policy deals with the effect of science on society and considers how science can best serve the public,","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1795/c129","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/95b857eeb3c64700","nativeRecordCid":"d2b51446-6d0b-4268-986a-28300c5c200e","documentId":"osft-doc-1795","id":"c129","text":"Policies for science focused on recommendations to improve the current state and conduct of arctic scientific research are common in Inuit Nunangat.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"policies for science in Inuit Nunangat","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Policies \n      for science, focused on the recommendations to improve the current state and conduct of arctic scientific research are \n      common in Inuit Nunangat.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1795/c130","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/90216618959742d2","nativeRecordCid":"55233302-ffb0-4c32-be21-4c5ea2cb33a6","documentId":"osft-doc-1795","id":"c130","text":"Canada is the only G7 country that lacks a comprehensive national policy dealing with national research needs and objectives in the Arctic.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"national Arctic research policy in Canada","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Canada is the only G7 country that lacks a comprehensive national policy dealing with \nnational research needs and objectives in the Arctic.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1795/c131","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/12c71ff5da7b40d4","nativeRecordCid":"6fb21be0-e864-433f-abe9-6636c150298f","documentId":"osft-doc-1795","id":"c131","text":"A comprehensive federal approach to coordinating and governing Inuit Nunangat research must be developed to remedy longstanding issues in this area.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"","subject":"comprehensive federal approach to Inuit Nunangat research","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The development of a comprehensive\nfederal approach to coordinating and governing Inuit Nunangat research is required to \nremedy longstanding issues in this area.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1795/c132","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/b6bc2f45dabe4357","nativeRecordCid":"74e9b5a9-ea5a-4fce-b609-a86dc8473c32","documentId":"osft-doc-1795","id":"c132","text":"There is a current haphazard approach to Inuit Nunangat research.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"approach to Inuit Nunangat research","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"exemplifies the current haphazard approach to Inuit Nunangat research\nand the need to include Inuit as partners in the governance of Inuit Nunangat research","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1795/c133","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/c53a799b62f74e58","nativeRecordCid":"d8700f98-1b47-4c0b-b29d-2395f2f8f5ce","documentId":"osft-doc-1795","id":"c133","text":"Inuit must be included as partners in the governance of Inuit Nunangat research.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"","subject":"Inuit inclusion in governance of Inuit Nunangat research","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"exemplifies the current haphazard approach to Inuit Nunangat research\nand the need to include Inuit as partners in the governance of Inuit Nunangat research","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1795/c134","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/f18ec9c8766d44e5","nativeRecordCid":"b265a52f-c4df-4d9c-9cb4-dbe2b5666996","documentId":"osft-doc-1795","id":"c134","text":"Federally funded or initiated Inuit Nunangat research is not coordinated by interagency bodies.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"coordination of Inuit Nunangat research","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Federally funded or initiated Inuit Nunangat research is not coordinated by interagency \nbodies, making it difficult for Inuit to input into or achieve self-determination in research.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1795/c135","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/dee968add06a4495","nativeRecordCid":"d72f5011-d544-4cb1-b039-f72f92e9c166","documentId":"osft-doc-1795","id":"c135","text":"The lack of coordination by interagency bodies makes it difficult for Inuit to input into research.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"Inuit input into research","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Federally funded or initiated Inuit Nunangat research is not coordinated by interagency \nbodies, making it difficult for Inuit to input into or achieve self-determination in research.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1795/c136","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/e8a14e6b678843e2","nativeRecordCid":"4aa50722-8739-450f-970d-c2c1cac909b9","documentId":"osft-doc-1795","id":"c136","text":"The lack of coordination by interagency bodies makes it difficult for Inuit to achieve self-determination in research.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"Inuit self-determination in research","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Federally funded or initiated Inuit Nunangat research is not coordinated by interagency \nbodies, making it difficult for Inuit to input into or achieve self-determination in research.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1795/c137","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/8fb78510e96541e6","nativeRecordCid":"db316f23-e742-4a20-af87-dfa00fcd0810","documentId":"osft-doc-1795","id":"c137","text":"Tri-Council Agencies, via research grants, do not have dedicated Inuit research programs.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"Tri-Council Agencies research grants","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Tri-Council Agencies, via research grants, do not have dedicated Inuit research\nprograms.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1795/c138","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/3eeae087dd1c4b67","nativeRecordCid":"84db6a72-f767-49a2-8a5d-c6ea7a3c30f3","documentId":"osft-doc-1795","id":"c138","text":"Federal research programs exist in various ministries.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"federal research programs","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Federal research programs exist in various ministries, and while Polar Knowledge\nCanada (POLAR) is recognized as the lead agency for Arctic-related research, numerous \nentities have research programs (e.g. Fisheries and Oceans Canada, Environment and Climate\nChange Canada) operating in Inuit Nunangat that may or may not interface with POLAR","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1795/c139","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/cf487c1082254251","nativeRecordCid":"dfcff422-b34d-42a4-9f48-97eb290699e9","documentId":"osft-doc-1795","id":"c139","text":"Polar Knowledge Canada (POLAR) is recognized as the lead agency for Arctic-related research.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"Polar Knowledge Canada (POLAR)","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Federal research programs exist in various ministries, and while Polar Knowledge\nCanada (POLAR) is recognized as the lead agency for Arctic-related research, numerous \nentities have research programs (e.g. Fisheries and Oceans Canada, Environment and Climate\nChange Canada) operating in Inuit Nunangat that may or may not interface with POLAR","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1795/c140","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/6eac5700315b42b8","nativeRecordCid":"30b2a577-e4bd-4f66-806d-4e96166f0189","documentId":"osft-doc-1795","id":"c140","text":"Numerous entities have research programs operating in Inuit Nunangat that may or may not interface with POLAR.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"federal entities' research programs in Inuit Nunangat","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Federal research programs exist in various ministries, and while Polar Knowledge\nCanada (POLAR) is recognized as the lead agency for Arctic-related research, numerous \nentities have research programs (e.g. Fisheries and Oceans Canada, Environment and Climate\nChange Canada) operating in Inuit Nunangat that may or may not interface with POLAR","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1795/c141","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/9e1211c109d243a5","nativeRecordCid":"1e49de01-cb72-4156-9354-df189079a932","documentId":"osft-doc-1795","id":"c141","text":"The marginalization of Inuit from federal research governance structures leads to research allocations that may not be useful to Inuit.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"Inuit marginalization from federal research governance","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The marginalization of Inuit from federal research governance structures leads to research\nallocations that may not be useful to Inuit.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1795/c142","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/7488b79abbeb4bcd","nativeRecordCid":"b39eda0d-65f4-464c-8caa-3e7c6b884e9e","documentId":"osft-doc-1795","id":"c142","text":"Inuit partnership in the governance of Inuit Nunangat research must be present to broker Inuit access, ownership, and control over Inuit Nunangat data and information.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"","subject":"Inuit partnership in governance of Inuit Nunangat research","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Moreover, Inuit partnership in the governance of Inuit Nunangat research is necessary to\nbroker Inuit access, ownership, and control over Inuit Nunangat data and information.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1795/c143","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/4352d14a841e4ef1","nativeRecordCid":"04e36fbb-8485-44d2-bc72-a47d18cf57e6","documentId":"osft-doc-1795","id":"c143","text":"Methods for sharing data with Inuit in ways they would like to receive it must continue to be improved.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"","subject":"methods for sharing data with Inuit","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"There is a continued need to improve methods for\nsharing data with Inuit in ways we would like to receive it.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1795/c144","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/064e87712cab4682","nativeRecordCid":"cd0c9a5f-042d-4582-93d9-204ae86906a1","documentId":"osft-doc-1795","id":"c144","text":"Inuit are best positioned to determine how information should be stored, analysed, monitored, used, shared, and preserved in ways that maximize benefits to Inuit communities while minimizing harm.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"Inuit determination of information governance","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Inuit\nare best positioned to determine how information should be stored, analysed, monitored,\nused, shared, and preserved in ways that maximize benefits to our communities while \nminimizing harm","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1795/c145","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/9a234103f07a4f1d","nativeRecordCid":"065b4e6e-ef05-45a1-bacf-0c4f56e1286d","documentId":"osft-doc-1795","id":"c145","text":"Inuit seek access to existing research but often do not have access because their institutions cannot afford the expensive search engines and platforms that universities and governments enjoy.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"Inuit access to existing research","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Inuit seek access to existing research but do not always have access\nbecause our institutions cannot afford the expensive search engines and platforms that \nuniversities and governments enjoy.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1795/c146","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/295e044997ba403f","nativeRecordCid":"cdf2daa0-70e2-4688-8e1a-363390685864","documentId":"osft-doc-1795","id":"c146","text":"Indigenous data sovereignty networks have become increasingly relevant to establish within societies such as Canada.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"Indigenous data sovereignty networks","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Indigenous data sovereignty networks have become increasingly relevant to establish within\nsocieties such as Canada where the governance and conduct of research is dominated by\nnon-Indigenous researchers.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1795/c147","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/74a4aa0287dc4f84","nativeRecordCid":"e45f113b-4b1f-4cdd-adae-c670aed899c1","documentId":"osft-doc-1795","id":"c147","text":"In societies such as Canada, the governance and conduct of research is dominated by non-Indigenous researchers.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"governance and conduct of research in Canada","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Indigenous data sovereignty networks have become increasingly relevant to establish within\nsocieties such as Canada where the governance and conduct of research is dominated by\nnon-Indigenous researchers.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1795/c148","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/e5b2e70dcc2648e5","nativeRecordCid":"af668014-23a8-4c0c-8a26-9d0e4d46f704","documentId":"osft-doc-1795","id":"c148","text":"In the past decade, Indigenous peoples in Canada, the United States and New Zealand have begun to create Indigenous data sovereignty parameters to ensure that the collection, interpretation and ownership of Indigenous data is controlled by communities themselves.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"Indigenous data sovereignty parameters","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"In the past decade, Indigenous peoples in Canada, the United\nStates and New Zealand have begun to create Indigenous data sovereignty parameters to\nensure that the collection, interpretation and ownership of Indigenous data is controlled by\ncommunities themselves.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1795/c149","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/e29aae695c4b4c5a","nativeRecordCid":"8721f76f-ce05-474f-9241-e8a1f2362d07","documentId":"osft-doc-1795","id":"c149","text":"More work is needed to develop processes, protocols, standards, and agreements that allow for the safe sharing of certain information.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"","subject":"processes and agreements for safe data sharing","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"more work is needed to develop\nprocesses, protocols, standards, and agreements that allow for the safe sharing certain \ninformation and for the respectful incorporation of Inuit knowledge in data management\nand sharing design and implementation.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1795/c150","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/3695ef0a73ac4ef4","nativeRecordCid":"82654d54-dd24-4522-ad96-be0564f4d671","documentId":"osft-doc-1795","id":"c150","text":"More work is needed to develop processes, protocols, standards, and agreements that allow for the respectful incorporation of Inuit knowledge in data management and sharing design and implementation.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"","subject":"processes and agreements for incorporating Inuit knowledge","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"more work is needed to develop\nprocesses, protocols, standards, and agreements that allow for the safe sharing certain \ninformation and for the respectful incorporation of Inuit knowledge in data management\nand sharing design and implementation.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1795/c151","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/8177ebefa4a14ae3","nativeRecordCid":"10f2a2f4-d3f7-46de-85b2-d46c8620550a","documentId":"osft-doc-1795","id":"c151","text":"Inuit must have governance frameworks and policies that will support their data initiatives in ongoing, sustainable, self-determined ways.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"","subject":"governance frameworks for Inuit data initiatives","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"It is important to ensure that Inuit have governance\nframeworks and policies that will support our data initiatives in ongoing, sustainable, \nself-determined ways.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1795/c152","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/48ce9165af154ceb","nativeRecordCid":"d5c8d74b-f575-4949-a72d-ea51fe6ae50f","documentId":"osft-doc-1795","id":"c152","text":"Research ethics are the unique and complex ethical, legal, social, and political considerations of carrying out research that involves human subjects or participants.","kind":"definitional","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"research ethics","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Research ethics are the unique and complex ethical, legal, social, and political considerations\nof carrying out research that involves human subjects or participants.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1795/c153","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/88259b1c6f8848e8","nativeRecordCid":"ef3be690-557a-4d01-ad51-3321a36f4c07","documentId":"osft-doc-1795","id":"c153","text":"Inuit and other Indigenous peoples have in the past been subjected to egregious abuses by researchers.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"Inuit and Indigenous peoples' treatment by researchers","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Inuit and other \nIndigenous peoples have in the past been subjected to egregious abuses by researchers\nwhich has prompted the need for ethical guidelines that protect Indigenous peoples.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1795/c154","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/45f4fa36cfba4230","nativeRecordCid":"a26995e0-8ef4-4b6c-9ec0-c876e8750e48","documentId":"osft-doc-1795","id":"c154","text":"Ethical guidelines that protect Indigenous peoples must exist.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"","subject":"ethical guidelines protecting Indigenous peoples","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Inuit and other \nIndigenous peoples have in the past been subjected to egregious abuses by researchers\nwhich has prompted the need for ethical guidelines that protect Indigenous peoples.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1795/c155","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/7b69fd5700854ba3","nativeRecordCid":"546b192b-94ce-4c91-a2b3-0823762df34f","documentId":"osft-doc-1795","id":"c155","text":"Companion ethical guidelines do not exist for research involving wildlife and the environment.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"ethical guidelines for wildlife and environment research","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"However, companion ethical guidelines do not exist for research involving wildlife and the\nenvironment.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1795/c156","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/946177df92e14ff1","nativeRecordCid":"19fb825e-1582-42af-a631-916e97d79e25","documentId":"osft-doc-1795","id":"c156","text":"Inuit depend on wildlife and the environment to meet their physical, cultural, and spiritual needs.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"Inuit dependence on wildlife and environment","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Inuit depend on wildlife and the environment to meet our physical, cultural,\nand spiritual needs and would therefore benefit from enforceable guidelines that set forth\nexpectations in this area.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1795/c157","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/dcc373fb8e504dc3","nativeRecordCid":"fb1590a1-ccba-4aae-a923-c5e2dfca5c3c","documentId":"osft-doc-1795","id":"c157","text":"Inuit would benefit from enforceable guidelines that set forth expectations for research involving wildlife and the environment.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"enforceable guidelines for wildlife and environment research","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Inuit depend on wildlife and the environment to meet our physical, cultural,\nand spiritual needs and would therefore benefit from enforceable guidelines that set forth\nexpectations in this area.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1795/c158","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/d9d2dbcc627f4965","nativeRecordCid":"f5f9d3ca-facf-41c4-a71d-f9818aeb5a92","documentId":"osft-doc-1795","id":"c158","text":"Indigenous communities in North America have for decades engaged in the development of statutes as well as research policies, processes, and protocols.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"Indigenous communities' development of research statutes","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Indigenous communities in North America have for decades engaged in the development\nof statutes as well as research policies, processes, and protocols.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1795/c159","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/f9ccfe7f1d2f4c82","nativeRecordCid":"051ac1d1-a699-4a30-8ff8-a9ec6f05a2a0","documentId":"osft-doc-1795","id":"c159","text":"In the U.S., many American Indian tribal governments enforce their own statutes that set forth the conditions under which research activities may be conducted in their respective nations.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"American Indian tribal governments' research statutes","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"In the U.S., many \nAmerican Indian tribal governments enforce their own statutes that set forth the conditions\nunder which research activities may be conducted in their respective nations.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1795/c160","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/a5c7e9b3562b415c","nativeRecordCid":"b50c7279-ee27-4755-9396-117ae9246614","documentId":"osft-doc-1795","id":"c160","text":"Research involving people that is carried out in connection with Canadian universities must adhere to the ethical guidelines outlined in the Tri-Council Policy Statement: Ethical Conduct for Research Involving Humans (TCPS 2).","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"ethical requirements for university research involving humans","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"At the federal level, research involving people that is carried out in connection with Canadian\nuniversities must adhere to the ethical guidelines outlined in the Tri-Council Policy Statement:\nEthical Conduct for Research Involving Humans (TCPS 2).","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1795/c161","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/411ce298047e40ee","nativeRecordCid":"273eb506-62e1-4e64-8b4f-f9e4d7278211","documentId":"osft-doc-1795","id":"c161","text":"The TCPS 2 sets the standard for Research Ethics Boards (REBs) in Canada.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"TCPS 2","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The TCPS 2 sets the standard for \nResearch Ethics Boards (REBs) in Canada and is the primary source of concrete guidance \nregarding the ethical oversight of research with humans.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1795/c162","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/05a010a182564b9d","nativeRecordCid":"2b092dbf-c3fa-44c3-9b59-ef5b8d62364c","documentId":"osft-doc-1795","id":"c162","text":"The TCPS 2 is the primary source of concrete guidance regarding the ethical oversight of research with humans.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"TCPS 2","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The TCPS 2 sets the standard for \nResearch Ethics Boards (REBs) in Canada and is the primary source of concrete guidance \nregarding the ethical oversight of research with humans.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1795/c163","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/a52cfe32c8c84043","nativeRecordCid":"81a5640d-dfc8-4705-a843-4a2684d35a50","documentId":"osft-doc-1795","id":"c163","text":"Chapter 9 of the TCPS 2 provides guidance for research implicating Inuit, First Nations, and Métis peoples, including elements of respectful relationships, collaboration, and engagement.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"TCPS 2 Chapter 9","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Chapter 9 of the TCPS 2 provides\nguidance for research implicating Inuit, First Nations, and Métis peoples, including elements\nof respectful relationships, collaboration, and engagement.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1795/c164","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/8dcdc6bee3614358","nativeRecordCid":"1897bac5-ab1a-4c72-8654-9cb89235e6e8","documentId":"osft-doc-1795","id":"c164","text":"The TCPS 2 is not intended to override or replace ethical guidance developed by Indigenous peoples.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"TCPS 2","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The TCPS 2 is not intended to\noverride or replace ethical guidance developed by Indigenous peoples.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1795/c165","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/1db507f2d52c4d86","nativeRecordCid":"8c577098-ec25-481c-ab5f-8489a0180688","documentId":"osft-doc-1795","id":"c165","text":"Chapter 9 of the TCPS 2 is meant to ensure that research involving Indigenous peoples is premised on respectful relationships.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"TCPS 2 Chapter 9 purpose","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Chapter 9 of the TCPS 2 is meant to ensure that research involving Indigenous peoples \nis premised on respectful relationships.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1795/c166","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/1d50eadbb76843d7","nativeRecordCid":"e0133612-051e-438e-93e2-52fc64c43eac","documentId":"osft-doc-1795","id":"c166","text":"Chapter 9 of the TCPS 2 encourages collaboration and engagement between researchers and participants through guidelines that seek to facilitate constructive measures by researchers in this area.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"TCPS 2 Chapter 9 guidelines","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"To that end, it encourages collaboration and engage-\nment between researchers and participants through a number of guidelines that seek to \nfacilitate constructive measures by researchers in this area.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1795/c167","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/cc703bb4402f4ff1","nativeRecordCid":"75ad274d-6436-4ce0-aff2-d4bd42be87ac","documentId":"osft-doc-1795","id":"c167","text":"ITK and the Nunavut Research Institute have published complementary guidelines for negotiating research relationships with Inuit communities.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"ITK and Nunavut Research Institute guidelines","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"ITK and the Nunavut Research\nInstitute have published complementary guidelines for negotiating research relationships\nwith Inuit communities.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1795/c168","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/5f707a7ba18c4bea","nativeRecordCid":"86db3f88-56c5-447e-be76-2442ffa19bbb","documentId":"osft-doc-1795","id":"c168","text":"These complementary guidelines provide practical advice to assist researchers who plan to work with Inuit or in Inuit Nunangat, including ethical considerations related to community engagement, research licensing, and dissemination of data and results.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"ITK-Nunavut Research Institute guidelines content","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The document provides practical advice to assist researchers who\nplan to work with Inuit or in Inuit Nunangat, including ethical considerations related to \ncommunity engagement, research licensing, and dissemination of data and results.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1795/c169","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/51bcac905403424e","nativeRecordCid":"00e8eed1-22c1-447a-bb8d-776541a09abe","documentId":"osft-doc-1795","id":"c169","text":"There is limited oversight outside of a REB review process for ensuring compliance with the TCPS 2.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"oversight of TCPS 2 compliance","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"There is limited oversight outside of a REB review process for ensuring compliance with the\nTCPS 2, making it a relatively inefficient mechanism for facilitating Inuit self-determination\nin research.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1795/c170","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/5c5a1aaf43524bce","nativeRecordCid":"f535a20d-67dd-41a5-a93d-572c423cd6b4","documentId":"osft-doc-1795","id":"c170","text":"The TCPS 2 is a relatively inefficient mechanism for facilitating Inuit self-determination in research.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"TCPS 2 and Inuit self-determination","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"There is limited oversight outside of a REB review process for ensuring compliance with the\nTCPS 2, making it a relatively inefficient mechanism for facilitating Inuit self-determination\nin research.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1795/c171","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/b40b4e7b65e4470e","nativeRecordCid":"2e307f0d-50d3-4e64-aff8-f208bf1fc336","documentId":"osft-doc-1795","id":"c171","text":"The effectiveness of the TCPS 2 is undermined by potential conflicts of interest in the research review process.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"TCPS 2 effectiveness","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The effectiveness of the TCPS 2 is further undermined by potential conflicts of\ninterest in the research review process because the institution hosting the research ethics\ncommittee typically has an interest in the research proceeding, and members of the research\nethics committee may be colleagues of the principal investigator.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1795/c172","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/0b064e3d7e0546b3","nativeRecordCid":"8d0b1cb1-7b1c-4757-8af4-286cec2ea0ff","documentId":"osft-doc-1795","id":"c172","text":"The institution hosting the research ethics committee typically has an interest in the research proceeding.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"institution hosting the research ethics committee","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The effectiveness of the TCPS 2 is further undermined by potential conflicts of\ninterest in the research review process because the institution hosting the research ethics\ncommittee typically has an interest in the research proceeding, and members of the research\nethics committee may be colleagues of the principal investigator.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1795/c173","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/c2fef1055fcf49d2","nativeRecordCid":"98ea6b78-1f14-4193-9b76-923c6b0a428b","documentId":"osft-doc-1795","id":"c173","text":"Members of the research ethics committee may be colleagues of the principal investigator.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"research ethics committee members","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The effectiveness of the TCPS 2 is further undermined by potential conflicts of\ninterest in the research review process because the institution hosting the research ethics\ncommittee typically has an interest in the research proceeding, and members of the research\nethics committee may be colleagues of the principal investigator.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1795/c174","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/fc96ecd4f1684e2f","nativeRecordCid":"f0c02817-46bd-47b3-b71c-034e11aa6725","documentId":"osft-doc-1795","id":"c174","text":"The reach of the TCPS 2 is limited to institutions and entities that receive federal funding from the Tri-Council Agencies.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"reach of the TCPS 2","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Furthermore, the reach\nof the TCPS 2 is limited to institutions and entities that receive federal funding from the \nTri-Council Agencies.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1795/c175","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/efa74494a3e34256","nativeRecordCid":"5ea90b5d-e5bb-4fa2-a954-4cf426dbb6b4","documentId":"osft-doc-1795","id":"c175","text":"Institutions and entities that receive Tri-Council federal funding are located outside of Inuit Nunangat, where the evaluation of risk for research participants does not include broader consideration of Inuit wellbeing.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"location of TCPS 2-covered institutions","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"These institutions and entities are located outside of Inuit Nunangat\nwhere the evaluation of risk involved for participants in research does not include broader\nconsideration of Inuit wellbeing.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1795/c176","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/38231a54743e44e6","nativeRecordCid":"e5079e93-9fd4-4698-a4fe-3f932d482586","documentId":"osft-doc-1795","id":"c176","text":"REBs are responsible for reviewing research plans and ensuring that researchers are complying with applicable provincial, national and international requirements.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"role of REBs","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"At the university level, REBs are responsible for reviewing research plans and ensuring \nthat researchers are complying with applicable provincial, national and international \nrequirements.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1795/c177","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/30bc17c7cf044a83","nativeRecordCid":"a7beca83-b341-419a-a238-443d354120f7","documentId":"osft-doc-1795","id":"c177","text":"REBs are responsible for promoting the highest ethical standards of research involving humans, with the primary goal of protecting the rights and welfare of research participants.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"role of REBs","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"They are responsible for promoting the highest ethical standards of research\ninvolving humans with the primary goal of protecting the rights and welfare of the individuals\nwho are participants in research.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1795/c178","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/ba8db5e9932d464c","nativeRecordCid":"a8b9cd8c-101f-48c9-82c6-d7967a16a1dc","documentId":"osft-doc-1795","id":"c178","text":"Universities may have multiple REBs that correspond to different departments or faculties.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"university REBs","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Universities may have multiple REBs that correspond to \ndifferent departments or faculties.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1795/c179","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/5be503bc2dc6462c","nativeRecordCid":"7061cbbb-f2d9-4054-b6f7-c6be69f86ece","documentId":"osft-doc-1795","id":"c179","text":"Government departments that conduct research also utilize their own REBs.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"government department REBs","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Government departments that conduct research also \nutilize their own REBs.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1795/c180","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/5c8ef1dfaa4d4225","nativeRecordCid":"18c3a6b9-59c5-4ca6-8873-745029988104","documentId":"osft-doc-1795","id":"c180","text":"A comprehensive list of all operating REBs in Canada does not exist.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"list of operating REBs in Canada","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"A comprehensive list of all operating REBs in Canada does not exist according to the \nCanadian Association of Research Ethics Boards.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1795/c181","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/0f6d46c874354c8a","nativeRecordCid":"aea617ee-1722-4581-9d20-d59c46a6934a","documentId":"osft-doc-1795","id":"c181","text":"Inuit tend to be unrepresented on REBs.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"Inuit representation on REBs","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"However we do know that Inuit tend \nto be unrepresented on REBs nor are established mechanisms in place to engage Inuit \nrepresentational organizations on making determinations about Inuit Nunangat-specific \nresearch proposals under review.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1795/c182","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/f672a16c20184c9f","nativeRecordCid":"a5e13d14-058c-4294-9825-be9f5a143083","documentId":"osft-doc-1795","id":"c182","text":"Established mechanisms are not in place to engage Inuit representational organizations in making determinations about Inuit Nunangat-specific research proposals under review.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"mechanisms to engage Inuit organizations in REB determinations","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"However we do know that Inuit tend \nto be unrepresented on REBs nor are established mechanisms in place to engage Inuit \nrepresentational organizations on making determinations about Inuit Nunangat-specific \nresearch proposals under review.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1795/c183","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/1cce343722004709","nativeRecordCid":"ef22cb6a-e3a1-4035-9ff3-6f4e83ed995e","documentId":"osft-doc-1795","id":"c183","text":"All REBs are located outside of Inuit Nunangat.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"location of REBs","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The fact that all REBs are located outside of Inuit Nunangat\neffectively means that non-Inuit tend to retain exclusive decision-making authority about\nwhether or not ethical guidelines are being met for research conducted in our communities.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1795/c184","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/b6f4ceb1a3e54f69","nativeRecordCid":"5ef8fc70-213c-4a83-aacf-37a02a43f778","documentId":"osft-doc-1795","id":"c184","text":"Non-Inuit tend to retain exclusive decision-making authority about whether ethical guidelines are being met for research conducted in Inuit communities.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"decision-making authority over ethical compliance in Inuit communities","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The fact that all REBs are located outside of Inuit Nunangat\neffectively means that non-Inuit tend to retain exclusive decision-making authority about\nwhether or not ethical guidelines are being met for research conducted in our communities.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1795/c185","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/5d9394126e934cc0","nativeRecordCid":"dcd40d67-a3ac-4aa4-b000-39463a756219","documentId":"osft-doc-1795","id":"c185","text":"Funding and capacity building are intertwined in Inuit Nunangat research.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"funding and capacity building","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Funding and capacity building are intertwined in Inuit Nunangat research.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1795/c186","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/cffd15518d10439d","nativeRecordCid":"3ae27341-e2cb-46d2-aa91-92a12301328e","documentId":"osft-doc-1795","id":"c186","text":"The ability of Inuit to conduct research that reflects Inuit research priorities and build research capacity is largely contingent on the accessibility and transparency of research funding.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"Inuit ability to conduct research and build capacity","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The ability of Inuit\nto conduct research that reflects Inuit research priorities and build research capacity is largely\ncontingent on the accessibility and transparency of research funding.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1795/c187","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/90ba0a1aafda4a4b","nativeRecordCid":"f8441c44-8c67-48dc-ada4-18a504cfc602","documentId":"osft-doc-1795","id":"c187","text":"Inuit self-determination in research must be achieved to ensure that funding awarded through granting agencies reflects Inuit research priorities and is useful to Inuit communities.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"","subject":"Inuit self-determination in research funding","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"At the same time,\nachieving Inuit self-determination in research is necessary to ensure that funding awarded\nthrough granting agencies reflects Inuit research priorities and is useful to our communities.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1795/c188","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/4b3c05853ff148ae","nativeRecordCid":"86340b9d-c21b-40b9-8310-f010aeb2ef79","documentId":"osft-doc-1795","id":"c188","text":"The majority of funds allocated for Inuit Nunangat research are awarded to institutions based in southern Canada and even abroad.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"allocation of Inuit Nunangat research funds","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The majority of these funds are awarded to institutions based in southern\nCanada and even abroad.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1795/c189","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/fa516ea117e24272","nativeRecordCid":"546778c1-791c-448f-ad81-4a9d50f6416d","documentId":"osft-doc-1795","id":"c189","text":"Inuit participation in research is limited by federal funding eligibility criteria that often excludes Inuit representational organizations from accessing research funding.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"federal funding eligibility criteria","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Inuit participation in research is limited by federal funding eligibility\ncriteria that often excludes Inuit representational organizations from accessing research\nfunding.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1795/c190","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/171ab47c403c485e","nativeRecordCid":"8a5063e6-40d6-4476-827c-9b67484bdf3c","documentId":"osft-doc-1795","id":"c190","text":"Certain federal research programs have expanded criteria to allow for flexible funding agreements for Inuit representational organizations.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"federal research program funding criteria","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Certain federal research programs have expanded criteria to allow for flexible \nfunding agreements for Inuit representational organizations.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1795/c191","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/a344119bbe9746f6","nativeRecordCid":"ad6558e3-216c-42a6-bde8-6269d49def95","documentId":"osft-doc-1795","id":"c191","text":"Inuit representational organizations are ineligible for most Tri-Council research funding.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"Inuit representational organizations' funding eligibility","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"However, Inuit representational\norganizations are ineligible for most Tri-Council research funding.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1795/c192","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/5349a3b11c9e4103","nativeRecordCid":"6258491c-f777-4621-b533-fcf039f49fa4","documentId":"osft-doc-1795","id":"c192","text":"As non-academic institutions, Inuit representational organizations cannot be awarded grants to serve as lead institutions or principal investigators by the Networks of Centres of Excellence or Canadian Foundation for Innovation.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"Inuit representational organizations' grant eligibility","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"As non-academic \ninstitutions, they cannot be awarded grants to serve as lead institutions or principal \ninvestigators by the Networks of Centres of Excellence or Canadian Foundation for Innovation.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1795/c193","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/efcce46b6bb3425e","nativeRecordCid":"1a0aaac8-fb7b-4419-ad4a-54aa6df91884","documentId":"osft-doc-1795","id":"c193","text":"This prevents Inuit from independently accessing research dollars that are in some cases intended to benefit their communities.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"Inuit access to research dollars","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"This prevents Inuit from independently accessing research dollars that are in some cases \nintended to benefit our communities and from applying for administrative funds to keep\nInuit research institutions operating.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1795/c194","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/f342b4fdea4b426c","nativeRecordCid":"e78c8fc6-3d3c-4d62-9b92-c56c7b6ad5fe","documentId":"osft-doc-1795","id":"c194","text":"This prevents Inuit from applying for administrative funds to keep Inuit research institutions operating.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"administrative funding for Inuit research institutions","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"This prevents Inuit from independently accessing research dollars that are in some cases \nintended to benefit our communities and from applying for administrative funds to keep\nInuit research institutions operating.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1795/c195","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/0ae76ad981174074","nativeRecordCid":"32fadd17-5e0e-4cfb-969a-94cbadcf4e6b","documentId":"osft-doc-1795","id":"c195","text":"Federal funding allocated for Inuit Nunangat research tends to reflect a biological-physical science research bias.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"federal funding for Inuit Nunangat research","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Federal funding allocated for Inuit Nunangat research tends to reflect a biological-physical\nscience research bias, further reducing the likelihood that other Inuit-identified research \npriorities will be addressed through research","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1795/c196","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/d02716b0becb4f72","nativeRecordCid":"5e5926c4-d0f6-4eee-92f2-d822ad022d7d","documentId":"osft-doc-1795","id":"c196","text":"The biological-physical science research bias in federal funding reduces the likelihood that other Inuit-identified research priorities will be addressed through research.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"biological-physical science research bias effect","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Federal funding allocated for Inuit Nunangat research tends to reflect a biological-physical\nscience research bias, further reducing the likelihood that other Inuit-identified research \npriorities will be addressed through research","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1795/c197","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/518220b125544b1e","nativeRecordCid":"8b89ffa2-b221-4b5c-95c0-94c77c358a84","documentId":"osft-doc-1795","id":"c197","text":"These unnecessary barriers limit the ability of Inuit to utilize research dollars in ways that are more efficacious, impactful, and meaningful for Inuit communities.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"barriers to Inuit use of research dollars","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"These unnecessary barriers limit the ability of Inuit to utilize research dollars in ways that are more \nefficacious, impactful, and meaningful for our communities.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1795/c198","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/6061bf9d1e6444b6","nativeRecordCid":"6dbf918b-ff34-456d-b0f2-dfc0434d57ff","documentId":"osft-doc-1795","id":"c198","text":"Most agencies directing health-related research do not have dedicated funding streams to address Inuit priorities.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"health-related research agencies' funding streams","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Most agencies directing health-related research, for example\nthe Canadian Institutes for Health Research, do not have dedicated funding streams to address\nInuit priorities.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1795/c199","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/ea8d00f2a8e04a0d","nativeRecordCid":"f57518a5-ed4e-4db1-8f39-52b529fc5213","documentId":"osft-doc-1795","id":"c199","text":"Capacity building includes investments in built infrastructure.","kind":"definitional","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"capacity building","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Capacity building also includes investments in built infrastructure and human resources.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1795/c200","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/693a750f03644bb2","nativeRecordCid":"d8df76d2-a1cf-419b-90b3-1742ab134b14","documentId":"osft-doc-1795","id":"c200","text":"Capacity building includes investments in human resources.","kind":"definitional","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"capacity building","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Capacity building also includes investments in built infrastructure and human resources.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1795/c201","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/ba04cd44cdc34d50","nativeRecordCid":"c619ff3f-d077-4348-8875-e413d196fa76","documentId":"osft-doc-1795","id":"c201","text":"Canada is the only circumpolar country that lacks an Arctic university.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"Arctic university in Canada","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Canada is the only circumpolar country that lacks an Arctic university","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1795/c202","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/0692f4e60f9840ba","nativeRecordCid":"0ac913be-122d-4e19-8b72-ee4b2715014e","documentId":"osft-doc-1795","id":"c202","text":"ITK has long championed the establishment of an Inuit Nunangat university rooted in Inuit culture and values.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"ITK","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"ITK has long \nchampioned the establishment of an Inuit Nunangat university rooted in Inuit culture and\nvalues.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1795/c203","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/18961bc7660149b3","nativeRecordCid":"f24363e2-3c71-4fbb-810d-ca85eccee9d4","documentId":"osft-doc-1795","id":"c203","text":"An Inuit Nunangat university should be established to enhance Inuit-led research capacity as well as for facilitating research governance and monitoring processes within Inuit Nunangat.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"","subject":"Inuit Nunangat university","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"An Inuit Nunangat university should be established to enhance\nInuit-led research capacity as well as for facilitating research governance and monitoring\nprocesses within Inuit Nunangat.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1795/c204","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/24a267d258f44a9a","nativeRecordCid":"09539974-f989-49fa-ad85-58a922499779","documentId":"osft-doc-1795","id":"c204","text":"An Inuit Nunangat university would facilitate capacity building among Inuit researchers through the provision of education, training, and accreditation across disciplines.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"Inuit Nunangat university's role in capacity building","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"An Inuit Nunangat university would have an important role to play in facilitating capacity\nbuilding among Inuit researchers through the provision of education, training, and \naccreditation across disciplines, as well as serving to advance Inuit research capabilities and\npriorities.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1795/c205","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/606e203e5bbd425b","nativeRecordCid":"f5cbdcc9-aa67-4a9a-a8cd-c8dcb3712995","documentId":"osft-doc-1795","id":"c205","text":"An Inuit Nunangat university would serve to advance Inuit research capabilities and priorities.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"Inuit Nunangat university's role in advancing research capabilities","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"An Inuit Nunangat university would have an important role to play in facilitating capacity\nbuilding among Inuit researchers through the provision of education, training, and \naccreditation across disciplines, as well as serving to advance Inuit research capabilities and\npriorities.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1795/c206","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/9ba7bc884cd2413f","nativeRecordCid":"03f156d9-4f12-42ff-8637-3db7ee677946","documentId":"osft-doc-1795","id":"c206","text":"Residents of Inuit Nunangat are significantly disadvantaged when it comes to accessing or engaging with research because of the digital divide between Inuit Nunangat and southern Canada.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"digital divide affecting Inuit Nunangat residents","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"However, residents of Inuit Nunangat are significantly disadvantaged when it comes to\naccessing or engaging with research because of the digital divide between Inuit Nunangat\nand southern Canada.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1795/c207","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/e2c78609b9b6435c","nativeRecordCid":"aac4652d-cb0f-405e-b130-d8b70bc46309","documentId":"osft-doc-1795","id":"c207","text":"Affordable and reliable broadband internet access in Inuit Nunangat is needed to enable Inuit engagement in research.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"","subject":"broadband internet access in Inuit Nunangat","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Affordable and reliable broadband internet access in Inuit Nunangat is needed to enable\nInuit engagement in research.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1795/c208","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/b7aefb9dc9d24547","nativeRecordCid":"394d6bc9-f48b-4ef9-8b71-3458e4e3cc0c","documentId":"osft-doc-1795","id":"c208","text":"The uses of data technology are changing rapidly in Inuit communities as they are in most cities, towns, and rural areas throughout southern Canada.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"data technology use in Inuit communities","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The uses of data technology are changing rapidly in Inuit \ncommunities as they are in most cities, towns, and rural areas throughout southern Canada.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1795/c209","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/b61f34cbc22542d3","nativeRecordCid":"0132a9bf-add0-4384-b241-92cee46d7bbe","documentId":"osft-doc-1795","id":"c209","text":"Internet access in Inuit communities is universally slower, unreliable, costly, and more unpredictable than for citizens in most areas of Canada.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"internet access in Inuit communities","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Internet access in Inuit communities is universally slower, unreliable,\ncostly, and more unpredictable than for citizens in most areas of Canada.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1795/c210","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/941b23cbdae24acf","nativeRecordCid":"1a9e09b5-e481-4368-bed9-040c3900f50b","documentId":"osft-doc-1795","id":"c210","text":"Affordable access to fast, high-bandwidth Internet Service Providers should be made available to all Inuit communities.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"","subject":"internet service provider access for Inuit communities","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Affordable access\nto fast, high-bandwidth Internet Service Providers should be made available to all Inuit \ncommunities.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1795/c211","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/bed1ee45e927442c","nativeRecordCid":"79a0fa77-56f2-47ce-b719-ef6ed70f91ed","documentId":"osft-doc-1795","id":"c211","text":"Governments and research institutions must move beyond colonial approaches to research that do not equitably benefit Inuit communities by respecting Inuit self-determination in research.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"Governments and research institutions","subject":"colonial approaches to research","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Governments and research institutions must move beyond\ncolonial approaches to research that do not equitably benefit our communities by respecting\nInuit self-determination in research.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1795/c212","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/db4862bc36e04183","nativeRecordCid":"2198a672-a039-40e0-94eb-42338915c312","documentId":"osft-doc-1795","id":"c212","text":"Inuit research priorities can no longer be ignored by governments and research institutions.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"governments and research institutions","subject":"Inuit research priorities","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Inuit self-determination in research means that Inuit \nresearch priorities can no longer be ignored by governments and research institutions, and\nis put into action when Inuit representational organizations are engaged as partners in \nsetting the research agenda, have equitable opportunity to access funding to conduct Inuit-\nled research, and are engaged as partners with researchers in the design, implementation,\nand dissemination of research.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1795/c213","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/563140d62bec4fa5","nativeRecordCid":"f3a7499d-4d47-4e09-ac69-d14d132f459d","documentId":"osft-doc-1795","id":"c213","text":"Inuit self-determination in research is put into action when Inuit representational organizations have equitable opportunity to access funding to conduct Inuit-led research.","kind":"definitional","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"Inuit self-determination in research","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Inuit self-determination in research means that Inuit \nresearch priorities can no longer be ignored by governments and research institutions, and\nis put into action when Inuit representational organizations are engaged as partners in \nsetting the research agenda, have equitable opportunity to access funding to conduct Inuit-\nled research, and are engaged as partners with researchers in the design, implementation,\nand dissemination of research.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1795/c214","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/876d548de66e44a5","nativeRecordCid":"cddb134f-ec97-4f14-99dc-37fc2e860484","documentId":"osft-doc-1795","id":"c214","text":"Research is an important tool for creating social equity through evidence-based policy making.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"research as tool for equity","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Research is an important tool for creating social equity through evidence-based policy \nmaking yet it can only serve this function when Inuit are consistently engaged by, and \nmembers of, research governance bodies.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1795/c215","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/95e65b836df84a08","nativeRecordCid":"12a84f40-033b-4c49-8bf4-58b9ac0b3acc","documentId":"osft-doc-1795","id":"c215","text":"Research can only serve as a tool for creating social equity when Inuit are consistently engaged by, and members of, research governance bodies.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"research as tool for equity","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Research is an important tool for creating social equity through evidence-based policy \nmaking yet it can only serve this function when Inuit are consistently engaged by, and \nmembers of, research governance bodies.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1795/c216","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/83a4c2f18afe4834","nativeRecordCid":"3a4fcbca-e9c8-4364-8801-42e888482a88","documentId":"osft-doc-1795","id":"c216","text":"The development of an Inuit Nunangat research policy is necessary to coordinate research initiatives and formalize guidelines for advancing Inuit governance in research.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"","subject":"Inuit Nunangat research policy","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Moreover, the development of an Inuit Nunangat\nresearch policy is necessary to coordinate research initiatives and formalize guidelines for\nadvancing Inuit governance in research.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1795/c217","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/f2f9a52420b7472f","nativeRecordCid":"4777279e-8496-4ed8-9a2b-b091e7e9f6ca","documentId":"osft-doc-1795","id":"c217","text":"Inuit have limited capacity and means for ensuring that researchers adhere to existing guidelines for conducting ethical research.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"Inuit capacity for ethical oversight","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Inuit have limited capacity and means for ensuring that researchers adhere to existing guide-\nlines for conducting ethical research or contemplate Inuit-specific ethical concerns related\nto all research.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1795/c218","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/a8ebb38e406e4454","nativeRecordCid":"6da6d70f-ed05-424b-908b-d617b0023b75","documentId":"osft-doc-1795","id":"c218","text":"Inuit have limited capacity and means for contemplating Inuit-specific ethical concerns related to all research.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"Inuit capacity for ethical oversight","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Inuit have limited capacity and means for ensuring that researchers adhere to existing guide-\nlines for conducting ethical research or contemplate Inuit-specific ethical concerns related\nto all research.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1795/c219","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/e6a9d7b3b88d4054","nativeRecordCid":"e36025e1-8b47-4b22-a5c4-02ad7e5f9d80","documentId":"osft-doc-1795","id":"c219","text":"The concentration of REBs solely among research institutions in southern Canada means that ethical oversight for Inuit Nunangat research is effectively within the sole purview of non-Inuit academics and institutions.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"concentration of REBs in southern Canada","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Furthermore, the concentration of REBs solely among research institutions in southern Canada\nmeans that ethical oversight for Inuit\nNunangat research is effectively within the sole purview of non-Inuit academics and \ninstitutions.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1795/c220","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/fd5cc6e3bf19495d","nativeRecordCid":"71fb6d81-6e80-42d2-9c04-9d81114608c5","documentId":"osft-doc-1795","id":"c220","text":"Adherence to the TCPS 2 remains inconsistent in Inuit Nunangat.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"TCPS 2 adherence in Inuit Nunangat","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"However, adherence to the TCPS 2 remains inconsistent in Inuit Nunangat and the document\ndoes not encompass Inuit-specific ethical concerns related to research conducted on \nhealth and wellbeing as well as wildlife and the environment.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1795/c221","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/6e4e6ae816ec49a2","nativeRecordCid":"8ca9e009-9d31-42ed-bad8-4c9fcd82bb62","documentId":"osft-doc-1795","id":"c221","text":"The TCPS 2 does not encompass Inuit-specific ethical concerns related to research conducted on health and wellbeing as well as wildlife and the environment.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"TCPS 2 scope","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"However, adherence to the TCPS 2 remains inconsistent in Inuit Nunangat and the document\ndoes not encompass Inuit-specific ethical concerns related to research conducted on \nhealth and wellbeing as well as wildlife and the environment.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1795/c222","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/b9108ee138ed4888","nativeRecordCid":"fb6a10f2-8f2f-44d8-867b-029f53d376f2","documentId":"osft-doc-1795","id":"c222","text":"REBs can play an important role in protecting research subjects.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"REBs","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"REBs can play an important\nrole in protecting research subjects yet Inuit representational organizations tend to \nencounter a lack of transparency about Inuit Nunangat research initiatives that are under\nreview, nor are Inuit systematically engaged by or represented on boards reviewing research\nthat will impact our people and communities.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1795/c223","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/b99b36ad9d874b85","nativeRecordCid":"e58a462d-b3b7-42de-856c-0fa18ae918de","documentId":"osft-doc-1795","id":"c223","text":"Inuit representational organizations tend to encounter a lack of transparency about Inuit Nunangat research initiatives that are under review.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"Inuit representational organizations and REB transparency","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"REBs can play an important\nrole in protecting research subjects yet Inuit representational organizations tend to \nencounter a lack of transparency about Inuit Nunangat research initiatives that are under\nreview, nor are Inuit systematically engaged by or represented on boards reviewing research\nthat will impact our people and communities.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1795/c224","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/f9dcdcc8d3004a6e","nativeRecordCid":"540525d5-bfa7-4a2e-8c4b-fe0f4b8980e5","documentId":"osft-doc-1795","id":"c224","text":"Inuit are not systematically engaged by or represented on boards reviewing research that will impact Inuit people and communities.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"Inuit engagement on research ethics boards","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"REBs can play an important\nrole in protecting research subjects yet Inuit representational organizations tend to \nencounter a lack of transparency about Inuit Nunangat research initiatives that are under\nreview, nor are Inuit systematically engaged by or represented on boards reviewing research\nthat will impact our people and communities.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1795/c225","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/ee2b2d10b6a7424b","nativeRecordCid":"f01b5bbd-c755-40fb-acbd-ba5ea17f02c8","documentId":"osft-doc-1795","id":"c225","text":"More transparent and robust processes that respect Inuit self-determination in research must be developed to replace inequitable ethical oversight structures.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"","subject":"ethical oversight processes","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"We must develop more transparent and robust processes to replace these \ninequitable structures that respect Inuit self-determination in research.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1795/c226","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/845afaab181f4b9e","nativeRecordCid":"80eb80c9-9897-4445-a3d9-609333d64cfa","documentId":"osft-doc-1795","id":"c226","text":"Current policies that structure federal Inuit Nunangat research funding processes tend to curtail Inuit self-determination in research.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"federal Inuit Nunangat research funding policies","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Current policies that structure federal Inuit Nunangat research funding processes tend to\ncurtail Inuit self-determination in research and consequently marginalize Inuit research \npriorities.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1795/c227","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/e7e4c164b8da434e","nativeRecordCid":"9d290852-8b5f-4c7c-9042-42e0aeb9de77","documentId":"osft-doc-1795","id":"c227","text":"Current policies that structure federal Inuit Nunangat research funding processes marginalize Inuit research priorities.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"federal Inuit Nunangat research funding policies","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Current policies that structure federal Inuit Nunangat research funding processes tend to\ncurtail Inuit self-determination in research and consequently marginalize Inuit research \npriorities.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1795/c228","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/1c785bc9ca4b42e2","nativeRecordCid":"53c92bf4-af34-4663-a489-eac7f0ec2cef","documentId":"osft-doc-1795","id":"c228","text":"The curtailment of Inuit self-determination in research and marginalization of Inuit research priorities hamper Inuit's collective ability to document and create the knowledge needed to more effectively address the needs of Inuit people.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"marginalization of Inuit research priorities","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"This hampers our collective ability to document and create the knowledge required\nto more effectively address the needs of our people.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1795/c229","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/ab477f922e5d45fa","nativeRecordCid":"db39feae-857e-4a04-bd05-8fbb2c33086a","documentId":"osft-doc-1795","id":"c229","text":"The volume of research carried out in Inuit Nunangat has increased exponentially.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"volume of research in Inuit Nunangat","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Hundreds of millions of dollars have\nbeen allocated by the federal government for Inuit Nunangat research and the volume of\nresearch carried out in our homeland has increased exponentially.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1795/c230","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/48998cd6c69e435b","nativeRecordCid":"b459950d-92ce-41bb-8c33-e159fc275307","documentId":"osft-doc-1795","id":"c230","text":"The research priorities identified by the federal government for investment tend to reflect a biological-physical science research bias.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"federal research priorities for investment","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The research priorities\nidentified by the federal government for investment tend to reflect a biological-physical \nscience research bias that diminishes the prominence and attention given to other Inuit \nresearch priorities.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1795/c231","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/13e095e692fb4a80","nativeRecordCid":"7092cc7c-ced4-4d01-8307-f3e41e1694d3","documentId":"osft-doc-1795","id":"c231","text":"This biological-physical science research bias diminishes the prominence and attention given to other Inuit research priorities.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"biological-physical science research bias","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The research priorities\nidentified by the federal government for investment tend to reflect a biological-physical \nscience research bias that diminishes the prominence and attention given to other Inuit \nresearch priorities.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1795/c232","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/c21b732b761441ca","nativeRecordCid":"707f8191-36bc-49dc-af90-fc7dc193f5d0","documentId":"osft-doc-1795","id":"c232","text":"The lack of transparency in federal funding for research makes it unclear what research is being carried out in Inuit homelands and communities at any given time.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"lack of transparency in federal funding","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"At the same time, the lack of transparency in federal\nfunding for research makes it unclear what research is being carried out in our homelands\nand communities at any given time.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1795/c233","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/7845ba232cb740af","nativeRecordCid":"53643b98-caa0-43a0-901b-a8012de92012","documentId":"osft-doc-1795","id":"c233","text":"Ensuring Inuit access, ownership, and control over data and information gathered on Inuit population, wildlife, and environment is a key pillar of achieving Inuit self-determination in research.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"Inuit access, ownership, control over data","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Ensuring Inuit access, ownership, and control over data and information gathered on our\npopulation, wildlife, and environment is a key pillar of achieving Inuit self-determination in\nresearch.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1795/c234","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/27f5515896af465c","nativeRecordCid":"4576b3a1-ba25-4b97-b035-a88686f3357e","documentId":"osft-doc-1795","id":"c234","text":"Inuit representational organizations are the rightful gatekeepers of Inuit Nunangat research.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"Inuit representational organizations","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Inuit representational organizations are the rightful gatekeepers of Inuit Nunangat\nresearch and are best positioned to determine how our information should be utilized and\nshared to maximize benefits and minimize harm.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1795/c235","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/8eb98a4b16ab45ee","nativeRecordCid":"8ec7a623-4370-45cb-a14e-d8cfaefc5db6","documentId":"osft-doc-1795","id":"c235","text":"Inuit representational organizations are best positioned to determine how Inuit information should be utilized and shared to maximize benefits and minimize harm.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"Inuit representational organizations","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Inuit representational organizations are the rightful gatekeepers of Inuit Nunangat\nresearch and are best positioned to determine how our information should be utilized and\nshared to maximize benefits and minimize harm.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1795/c236","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/d33ba9412c4945ec","nativeRecordCid":"2ed78c2f-6aef-4ee8-a867-96a64f2088d5","documentId":"osft-doc-1795","id":"c236","text":"The aggregation of Inuit-specific data with that of other Indigenous peoples makes relevant information impossible to discern or utilize.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"aggregation of Inuit-specific data","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Enduring challenges in this area include\nthe aggregation of Inuit-specific data with that of other Indigenous peoples, making relevant\ninformation impossible to discern or utilize.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1795/c237","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/e7f452a65b7046af","nativeRecordCid":"d46adcb8-47c0-47e0-9537-679dbc8eb3be","documentId":"osft-doc-1795","id":"c237","text":"Inuit-specific data is inconsistently shared by researchers.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"sharing of Inuit-specific data","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"At a more basic level, Inuit-specific data is \ninconsistently shared by researchers who may act unilaterally to publish and disseminate\ndata without first seeking the consent of Inuit representational organizations or Inuit-\nappointed institutions.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1795/c238","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/528b3c6f23ac43db","nativeRecordCid":"019306b2-fcb1-4ab5-a494-6ee1b7a623a9","documentId":"osft-doc-1795","id":"c238","text":"Researchers may act unilaterally to publish and disseminate Inuit-specific data without first seeking the consent of Inuit representational organizations or Inuit-appointed institutions.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"researchers publishing Inuit-specific data","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"At a more basic level, Inuit-specific data is \ninconsistently shared by researchers who may act unilaterally to publish and disseminate\ndata without first seeking the consent of Inuit representational organizations or Inuit-\nappointed institutions.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1795/c239","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/d71e8e2348764df8","nativeRecordCid":"e0083361-25f3-4d18-8c86-a2958a59bf19","documentId":"osft-doc-1795","id":"c239","text":"Researchers and their affiliated institutions must partner with Inuit in order to seek consent and guidance about the political and social context of research and the potential impacts of sharing or publishing results.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"Researchers and their affiliated institutions","subject":"researchers and affiliated institutions","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Researchers and their affiliated institutions must partner with Inuit\nin order to seek consent and guidance about the political and social context of research and\nthe potential impacts of sharing or publishing results.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1795/c240","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/26c73df69b964491","nativeRecordCid":"f8482a16-94f7-4d57-b93d-4db7c74d14a3","documentId":"osft-doc-1795","id":"c240","text":"Greater transparency and coordination of data sharing with Inuit is required among federal granting agencies, researchers, and research institutions.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"federal granting agencies, researchers, and research institutions","subject":"data sharing with Inuit","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"More broadly, greater transparency\nand coordination of data sharing with Inuit is required to remedy these challenges among\nfederal granting agencies, researchers, and research institutions.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1795/c241","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/e346aebe6ff14e88","nativeRecordCid":"1b15a544-6889-4057-b6f7-9de5c44efe51","documentId":"osft-doc-1795","id":"c241","text":"Capacity building in Inuit Nunangat research encompasses investments in built infrastructure.","kind":"definitional","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"capacity building in Inuit Nunangat research","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Capacity building in Inuit Nunangat research encompasses the investments in built \ninfrastructure and human resources that are necessary to implement many of the actions\nincluded in this strategy.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1795/c242","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/1468b08aceb24317","nativeRecordCid":"1421387b-a9c0-4416-bbaa-5935b3d55c5d","documentId":"osft-doc-1795","id":"c242","text":"Capacity building in Inuit Nunangat research encompasses investments in human resources.","kind":"definitional","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"capacity building in Inuit Nunangat research","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Capacity building in Inuit Nunangat research encompasses the investments in built \ninfrastructure and human resources that are necessary to implement many of the actions\nincluded in this strategy.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1795/c243","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/9d4b8b0fb89e4f86","nativeRecordCid":"baf524c1-b940-4000-b4f6-6a92033941b5","documentId":"osft-doc-1795","id":"c243","text":"Establishing an Inuit Nunangat university would support research capacity building through the provision of education, training, and accreditation across disciplines.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"Inuit Nunangat university","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Establishing an Inuit Nunangat university would support research capacity \nbuilding through the provision of education, training, and accreditation across disciplines.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1795/c244","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/1a4c98933929401d","nativeRecordCid":"dd2714b1-b190-41d8-9520-d8d15cedbdd7","documentId":"osft-doc-1795","id":"c244","text":"Establishing an Inuit Nunangat university would serve to identify and advance Inuit research priorities.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"Inuit Nunangat university","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"It would also serve to identify and advance Inuit research priorities and monitoring of \nadherence to ethical research guidelines.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1795/c245","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/45b23febe14a4387","nativeRecordCid":"c0596194-fe38-41a7-bdd7-ef2db7d25b1f","documentId":"osft-doc-1795","id":"c245","text":"Establishing an Inuit Nunangat university would serve to monitor adherence to ethical research guidelines.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"Inuit Nunangat university","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"It would also serve to identify and advance Inuit research priorities and monitoring of \nadherence to ethical research guidelines.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1795/c246","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/cf3eef410eec4cbe","nativeRecordCid":"be8d39aa-f92d-4bdc-81ff-107e777ccc8e","documentId":"osft-doc-1795","id":"c246","text":"Federal investment in broadband infrastructure is needed to close the digital divide in Canada and enable greater Inuit engagement in research.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"the federal government","subject":"federal investment in broadband infrastructure","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Furthermore, federal investments in broadband infrastructure and Inuit-specific education\nand training programs are needed to close the digital divide in Canada and enable greater\nInuit engagement in research.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1795/c247","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/bc4c4cfa8d314129","nativeRecordCid":"4fa2653b-e420-4b2d-b383-c40981bd9fa3","documentId":"osft-doc-1795","id":"c247","text":"Federal investment in Inuit-specific education and training programs is needed to close the digital divide in Canada and enable greater Inuit engagement in research.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"the federal government","subject":"federal investment in education and training","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Furthermore, federal investments in broadband infrastructure and Inuit-specific education\nand training programs are needed to close the digital divide in Canada and enable greater\nInuit engagement in research.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1795/c248","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/aa021446f036428a","nativeRecordCid":"9cc31805-7fab-499a-b101-7680580af099","documentId":"osft-doc-1795","id":"c248","text":"Inuit have long sought to advance Inuit self-determination in research as the means for ensuring that Inuit Nunangat research is efficacious, impactful, and useful for Inuit people and communities.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"Inuit pursuit of self-determination in research","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Inuit have long sought to advance Inuit self-determination in research as the means for \nensuring that Inuit Nunangat research is efficacious, impactful, and useful for our people\nand communities.","representedInStars":false}
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{"key":"osft-doc-1869/c2","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/18fbcbeb543c4c8a","nativeRecordCid":"b07b96ea-e58e-4147-9ead-02682339cbdf","documentId":"osft-doc-1869","id":"c2","text":"Researchers, funders, and the larger community emphasize the traits of openness and reproducibility.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"researchers, funders, and the larger community","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Researchers, funders, and the larger community today emphasize the traits of openness and reproducibility.","representedInStars":false}
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{"key":"osft-doc-1869/c10","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/27badfbc60cc4876","nativeRecordCid":"4c788e92-bda8-4fa0-99aa-0c8cbfc32a43","documentId":"osft-doc-1869","id":"c10","text":"Institutions that comparatively measure attention scores should evaluate attention measures with care.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"institutions that comparatively measure attention scores","subject":"attention measures","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Institutions that comparatively measure attention scores should evaluate attention measures with care, since such altmetrics may not correlate with measures of quality.","representedInStars":false}
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{"key":"osft-doc-1869/c12","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/31411876ecbe4430","nativeRecordCid":"8dae7813-4c5d-4187-94e4-ed6b5a877bf5","documentId":"osft-doc-1869","id":"c12","text":"Institutions should provide appropriate career paths for staff working on open research.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"institutions","subject":"career paths for open research staff","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Institutions should provide appropriate career paths for staff working on open research and maintain the institutional infrastructure required for open research, including recognizing and valuing new, emergent forms of digital outcomes, such as software and data creation, curation and preservation, that are crucial to open research endeavors.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1869/c13","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/ab5f5216c83a45f9","nativeRecordCid":"23a6f6e5-ad55-45a1-8947-7b3beddd3c1e","documentId":"osft-doc-1869","id":"c13","text":"Institutions should maintain the institutional infrastructure required for open research, including recognizing and valuing new, emergent forms of digital outcomes such as software and data creation, curation and preservation.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"institutions","subject":"institutional infrastructure for open research","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Institutions should provide appropriate career paths for staff working on open research and maintain the institutional infrastructure required for open research, including recognizing and valuing new, emergent forms of digital outcomes, such as software and data creation, curation and preservation, that are crucial to open research endeavors.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1869/c14","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/b6d0f9cdeb3f4790","nativeRecordCid":"d868c390-507c-48a5-bb9e-afec6af2e787","documentId":"osft-doc-1869","id":"c14","text":"New, emergent forms of digital outcomes, such as software and data creation, curation and preservation, are crucial to open research endeavors.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"emergent digital outcomes","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Institutions should provide appropriate career paths for staff working on open research and maintain the institutional infrastructure required for open research, including recognizing and valuing new, emergent forms of digital outcomes, such as software and data creation, curation and preservation, that are crucial to open research endeavors.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1869/c15","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/e8f0a0c1877e4e1c","nativeRecordCid":"8aae3598-de8b-469e-a3f7-8d43e75df91d","documentId":"osft-doc-1869","id":"c15","text":"Institutions should maintain the institutional infrastructure required for open research.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"institutions","subject":"institutional infrastructure for open research","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Institutions should provide appropriate career paths for staff working on open research and maintain the institutional infrastructure required for open research, including recognizing and valuing new, emergent forms of digital outcomes, such as software and data creation, curation and preservation, that are crucial to open research endeavors.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1869/c16","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/1d2ca4b9bb58424f","nativeRecordCid":"58aed6ff-ceae-4694-b979-a662cef36b59","documentId":"osft-doc-1869","id":"c16","text":"New career paths for open research staff may require rethinking existing classifications and assessments of tenure-track, non-tenure-track, and staff categories of university participants.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"career paths for open research staff","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"These pathways may require rethinking existing classifications and assessments of tenure-track, non-tenure-track, and staff categories of university participants, and funder support for personnel in these categories.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1869/c17","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/01fbe6e1a4004522","nativeRecordCid":"65205f51-72df-4e05-875b-8a9b13c9bbaf","documentId":"osft-doc-1869","id":"c17","text":"New career paths for open research staff may require funder support for personnel in these categories.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"career paths for open research staff","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"These pathways may require rethinking existing classifications and assessments of tenure-track, non-tenure-track, and staff categories of university participants, and funder support for personnel in these categories.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1869/c18","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/a8a122f981f44f18","nativeRecordCid":"6ed1dd29-e39e-4e1e-babe-8c69b2469957","documentId":"osft-doc-1869","id":"c18","text":"Establishing appropriate career paths for open research staff may require funder support for personnel in these categories.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"funder support for staff categories","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"These pathways may require rethinking existing classifications and assessments of tenure-track, non-tenure-track, and staff categories of university participants, and funder support for personnel in these categories.","representedInStars":false}
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{"key":"osft-doc-1869/c23","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/a242cdc813da4542","nativeRecordCid":"eafb2f94-1dd3-482f-a1f9-08ea7fb8f7eb","documentId":"osft-doc-1869","id":"c23","text":"Open research communities can take many forms.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"forms of open research communities","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"These communities can take many forms.","representedInStars":false}
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{"key":"osft-doc-1869/c133","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/9e57e540b1184ce3","nativeRecordCid":"3501a011-68ca-4967-83b9-67a89c4e41aa","documentId":"osft-doc-1869","id":"c133","text":"Successful Open Scholarship Communities collaborate on infrastructure while still competing on science.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"successful open scholarship communities","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"although successful Open Scholarship Communities (OSCs) collaborate on infrastructure, they can still compete on science: this extensive collaboration does not mean that the science is de-scoped, or there is less competition between researchers.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1869/c134","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/46c95e16b1114695","nativeRecordCid":"79fc49dc-20c7-474a-beed-42c05906c789","documentId":"osft-doc-1869","id":"c134","text":"For collaboration to succeed, the perceived value of participating must be greater than the fear of consequences.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"","subject":"collaboration participation","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"For a successful collaboration, the perceived value of participating has to be greater than fear of consequences.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1869/c135","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/0978a34aaedc46a3","nativeRecordCid":"6ccd8030-425a-44bd-a843-d021275b4dc5","documentId":"osft-doc-1869","id":"c135","text":"Participation in Open Scholarship Communities should increase perceived value for participants.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"","subject":"participation in open scholarship communities","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"In other words, participation to Open Scholarship Communities should increase value (“I don’t have to reinvent this”) or decrease fear (“I can use a standard someone else invented!”).","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1869/c136","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/f32f42b3ac9443e9","nativeRecordCid":"48fa93bf-1b91-4190-8168-4ab5a3274554","documentId":"osft-doc-1869","id":"c136","text":"Participation in Open Scholarship Communities should decrease fear of consequences for participants.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"","subject":"participation in open scholarship communities","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"In other words, participation to Open Scholarship Communities should increase value (“I don’t have to reinvent this”) or decrease fear (“I can use a standard someone else invented!”).","representedInStars":false}
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{"key":"osft-doc-1869/c138","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/3604eb99da8f4137","nativeRecordCid":"bcbd088f-4f9f-47b8-a91f-c7433a024911","documentId":"osft-doc-1869","id":"c138","text":"It is important to make it easy to continue open behaviors.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"","subject":"continuation of open behaviors","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"This is not an all-or-nothing step: it is important to praise incremental steps and make it easy (if not automatic) to continue ‘open’ behaviors.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1869/c139","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/34beee48199e4e3f","nativeRecordCid":"e10189c6-668e-433d-915e-1bca3561a8f0","documentId":"osft-doc-1869","id":"c139","text":"Systems and tools should emphasize the lowering of barriers to entry, resource efficiency, and productivity.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"systems and tools","subject":"systems and tools for open participation","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"For any of this to happen, and to make sure that the barriers to participation are not too great, systems and tools should emphasize the lowering of barriers to entry, resource efficiency and productivity: much can be gained in the tool/middleware layer.","representedInStars":false}
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{"key":"osft-doc-1869/c143","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/bd4225d3be7a4862","nativeRecordCid":"e8be8393-1a28-4287-bdc7-164608f8ca4d","documentId":"osft-doc-1869","id":"c143","text":"Researchers could be rated on a 'FISH' scale that includes funding.","kind":"normative","modality":"may","actor":"","subject":"researcher rating (FISH scale)","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"One idea would be to rate researchers on a ‘FISH’ scale: Funding, Infrastructure, Science, and H-Index: four dimensions that validate orthogonal contributions to scientific progress.","representedInStars":false}
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{"key":"osft-doc-1869/c147","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/a5eaaddb1779406a","nativeRecordCid":"91fea6f6-47c2-42a4-ab9c-20474c9cacae","documentId":"osft-doc-1869","id":"c147","text":"The four FISH-scale dimensions validate orthogonal contributions to scientific progress.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"FISH scale dimensions","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"One idea would be to rate researchers on a ‘FISH’ scale: Funding, Infrastructure, Science, and H-Index: four dimensions that validate orthogonal contributions to scientific progress.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1869/c148","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/a493d74fdbdc4bf7","nativeRecordCid":"fe5fc691-b5c2-436a-a770-ad53cc9d95b3","documentId":"osft-doc-1869","id":"c148","text":"A credit and attribution system must be in place to provide examples of 'infrastructure leaders,' akin to research leaders.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"","subject":"credit and attribution system","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"It is necessary that the credit and attribution system is in place to provide examples of ‘infrastructure leaders’ (akin to research leaders) to help overcome the notion that researchers who work on infrastructure and tool development suffer with respect to funding, promotion/tenure and such.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1869/c149","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/bce0a9e7be7f497e","nativeRecordCid":"4a6c7f5c-4b2d-4d10-a3e6-68bc3b603a9c","documentId":"osft-doc-1869","id":"c149","text":"Researchers' careers can benefit strongly from being involved with open infrastructure, tooling, and community activities.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"researcher careers","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"In fact, we know of several examples (including some of the workshop participants) of researchers whose careers benefited strongly from being involved with open infrastructure, tooling, and community activities.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1869/c150","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/ee60462d3b2a4eea","nativeRecordCid":"7932ad11-39f6-4348-ad7e-99d6517dd16f","documentId":"osft-doc-1869","id":"c150","text":"Institutions should provide physical space and/or administrative support for community interactions.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"institutions","subject":"institutional support for community interactions","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"For institutions, it is important, first of all, to provide the physical space and/or administrative support for community interactions.","representedInStars":false}
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{"key":"osft-doc-1869/c152","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/e0497e0bc4f048f4","nativeRecordCid":"1adf69a8-5ae2-4057-96f1-efd8821942fb","documentId":"osft-doc-1869","id":"c152","text":"Institutions can support open scholarship by providing explicit training in principles and practices of open research.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"institutions supporting open scholarship","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Since these practices are often not ingrained in the current research culture, institutions can support open scholarship by recognizing the need for explicit training in principles and practices of open research.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1869/c153","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/da06f765e65d4036","nativeRecordCid":"6f07acb4-4217-4705-86de-27edb703bbea","documentId":"osft-doc-1869","id":"c153","text":"Explicit training in open research principles and practices should include exploring what 'design by a community' looks like in areas where it is not traditional, such as mechanical engineering.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"institutions","subject":"training in open research practices","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"This can and should include exploring what ‘design by a community’ looks like in areas where it’s not traditional, (e.g., mechanical engineering) and actively support changing views of what constitutes excellence in a discipline.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1869/c154","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/521f420664ec4ee4","nativeRecordCid":"b2fa9573-87da-4db4-b18d-d685971e5fcb","documentId":"osft-doc-1869","id":"c154","text":"Institutions should actively support changing views of what constitutes excellence in a discipline.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"institutions","subject":"views of disciplinary excellence","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"This can and should include exploring what ‘design by a community’ looks like in areas where it’s not traditional, (e.g., mechanical engineering) and actively support changing views of what constitutes excellence in a discipline.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1869/c155","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/5134462312964178","nativeRecordCid":"3540c75c-b553-4a1d-8321-cda2d70cb1d5","documentId":"osft-doc-1869","id":"c155","text":"Becoming more open is not a single step but a process.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"becoming open","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Becoming more open is not a single step, but a process: it is imperative to reward incremental steps and provide incentives for engaging in different aspects of open scholarship at different levels.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1869/c156","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/bdbb5ed4522f4e1f","nativeRecordCid":"31698467-d72a-4eb9-9ae0-07d5ff43e2ea","documentId":"osft-doc-1869","id":"c156","text":"Institutions must reward incremental steps and provide incentives for engaging in different aspects of open scholarship at different levels.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"institutions","subject":"rewarding incremental openness steps","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Becoming more open is not a single step, but a process: it is imperative to reward incremental steps and provide incentives for engaging in different aspects of open scholarship at different levels.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1869/c157","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/079e664e020a4185","nativeRecordCid":"d08b80b2-5d9f-45c3-a74a-cc6f4f937765","documentId":"osft-doc-1869","id":"c157","text":"Engagement is more likely to occur if all steps toward openness are recognized as progress.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"engagement in open scholarship","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Engagement is more likely to occur if all steps are recognized as progress (some scholars will be happy to share their code, but not their data, or vice versa) and it’s easy to continue down a ‘sharing trajectory’ with incrementally greater levels and forms of openness.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1869/c158","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/b73e7f0bf2a04520","nativeRecordCid":"25066e72-d540-4369-8b2f-bdafaf2b5dda","documentId":"osft-doc-1869","id":"c158","text":"It is easy to continue down a 'sharing trajectory' with incrementally greater levels and forms of openness.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"sharing trajectory of openness","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Engagement is more likely to occur if all steps are recognized as progress (some scholars will be happy to share their code, but not their data, or vice versa) and it’s easy to continue down a ‘sharing trajectory’ with incrementally greater levels and forms of openness.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1869/c159","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/bbe6bc40b13842e9","nativeRecordCid":"0cf40ea4-69a2-4002-82cb-9fb58093d9ec","documentId":"osft-doc-1869","id":"c159","text":"Disciplinary shackles can hinder adoption of open scholarship practice.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"disciplinary shackles","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"For funders, it is important to recognize how ‘disciplinary shackles’ can hinder adoption of open scholarship practice.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1869/c160","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/aa2ca5e663d443fe","nativeRecordCid":"f24ed746-c0bd-4b76-98fe-e1496a00e023","documentId":"osft-doc-1869","id":"c160","text":"Development of common software, workflows, and other community resources may not be respected as part of disciplinary work.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"community resources in disciplinary work","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Development of common software, workflows and other community resources may not be respected as part of disciplinary work, but funders recognizing these non-traditional outputs can effect a culture change.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1869/c161","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/c90dd281b4474a76","nativeRecordCid":"2a8b916d-4d93-4c63-973a-ef63eca2f7ef","documentId":"osft-doc-1869","id":"c161","text":"Funders recognizing non-traditional outputs such as common software, workflows, and community resources can effect a culture change.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"funders recognizing non-traditional outputs","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Development of common software, workflows and other community resources may not be respected as part of disciplinary work, but funders recognizing these non-traditional outputs can effect a culture change.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1869/c162","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/ed1ec1af2f584ebf","nativeRecordCid":"d4537167-bef7-45ed-92b6-98f2d0306d4f","documentId":"osft-doc-1869","id":"c162","text":"A key component of openness is a focus on collaboration over competition.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"openness and collaboration","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"A key component of openness is a focus on collaboration over competition: funders can contribute to making this happen by awarding grants to interdisciplinary and team efforts next to or instead of individual competitive efforts.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1869/c163","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/c148214bde9a4d63","nativeRecordCid":"988b4b4c-224d-4b15-a20f-8762f27494d4","documentId":"osft-doc-1869","id":"c163","text":"Funders can contribute to shifting focus toward collaboration by awarding grants to interdisciplinary and team efforts instead of individual competitive efforts.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"funders and collaborative grants","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"A key component of openness is a focus on collaboration over competition: funders can contribute to making this happen by awarding grants to interdisciplinary and team efforts next to or instead of individual competitive efforts.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1869/c164","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/b746b30b467f4d16","nativeRecordCid":"516524e9-54aa-4d56-941c-99ae51c06eee","documentId":"osft-doc-1869","id":"c164","text":"Inclusivity is a defining feature of open scholarship.","kind":"definitional","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"open scholarship","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Inclusivity is a defining feature of open scholarship, as well as extensibility and reproducibility.","representedInStars":true}
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{"key":"osft-doc-1869/c173","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/5f3cf67cc4fd48b4","nativeRecordCid":"1ad95574-c3b8-427d-8ee6-942c7958ad99","documentId":"osft-doc-1869","id":"c173","text":"Platforms can lower the entry barrier towards sharing practices by helping to build and define communities.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"platforms lowering entry barriers","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Platforms can lower the entry barrier towards sharing practices by helping to build and define communities (e.g., similar to “My Facebook friends” you can have “My Jupyter Friends”).","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1869/c174","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/a63835956bea4f2f","nativeRecordCid":"64c8266a-a669-4313-b7d4-6411d72f72a3","documentId":"osft-doc-1869","id":"c174","text":"Platform support for the creation of communities around specific tools and practices helps build norms and codes of conduct into these platforms endemically.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"platform-supported communities and norms","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"When platforms support the creation of communities around specific tools and practices, this helps build norms and codes of conduct into these platforms endemically.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1869/c175","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/7a9a6c5f51b64df4","nativeRecordCid":"a34d516f-e780-4d6e-bdae-31ef066aa93f","documentId":"osft-doc-1869","id":"c175","text":"Community development can be enhanced by supporting the development of platform specialists inside institutions.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"community development and platform specialists","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Community development can be further enhanced by supporting the development of platform specialists inside institutions (e.g., “JupyterHub guru on campus”) and supporting “pop-up open scholarship communities” around specific tools and practices (e.g., “open data hackathons”).","representedInStars":false}
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{"key":"osft-doc-1869/c177","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/9960f1ce58b5435b","nativeRecordCid":"8eef2eea-e5a7-4f0c-98f3-472756139311","documentId":"osft-doc-1869","id":"c177","text":"Community organizers can build openness into governance by recognizing the value of simple narratives for attracting people into community participation.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"community organizers and governance","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"As a fourth and last stakeholder, community organizers can build openness into governance by recognizing the value of simple narratives for attracting people into community participation.","representedInStars":false}
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{"key":"osft-doc-1869/c196","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/cb33460bd2cb4a57","nativeRecordCid":"2f039b96-234e-4cf6-91f2-9a923d7ba0b7","documentId":"osft-doc-1869","id":"c196","text":"The ability to communicate on a variety of topics to a diverse set of stakeholders is generally not part of a researcher's training.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"researcher training in communication","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The ability to communicate on such a variety of topics to such a diverse set of stakeholders is generally not a part of a researcher’s training.","representedInStars":false}
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{"key":"osft-doc-1869/c203","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/f21c373fba44402f","nativeRecordCid":"f679dff3-7767-472e-bf8f-aea9ad09e6d6","documentId":"osft-doc-1869","id":"c203","text":"Reducing cost for students is a recurring topic in Open Educational Resources.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"OER recurring topics","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Recurring topics in OER are reducing cost (for students), and increasing access.","representedInStars":false}
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{"key":"osft-doc-1869/c205","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/775652243e80423a","nativeRecordCid":"8d2943f4-e119-4523-9dff-836c68ce14cc","documentId":"osft-doc-1869","id":"c205","text":"The sooner open scholarship is implemented, the greater the impact for future generations.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"timing of open scholarship implementation","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"However, the sooner we can implement the idea of open scholarship, the greater the impact for future generations, and as university faculty, we should work with K-12 teachers to prepare and train them for implementation of open scholarship concepts.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1869/c206","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/5e9354bbe0214f5a","nativeRecordCid":"e6c6c49a-5c22-4275-83da-6e16a7cb921a","documentId":"osft-doc-1869","id":"c206","text":"University faculty should work with K-12 teachers to prepare and train them for implementation of open scholarship concepts.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"university faculty","subject":"faculty collaboration with K-12 teachers","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"However, the sooner we can implement the idea of open scholarship, the greater the impact for future generations, and as university faculty, we should work with K-12 teachers to prepare and train them for implementation of open scholarship concepts.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1869/c207","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/1ceeaf4e83ca42d9","nativeRecordCid":"7b11a7f2-180d-4c48-a108-9a7a8f170969","documentId":"osft-doc-1869","id":"c207","text":"Open scholarship practices should be embedded in the current curriculum for each major.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"universities","subject":"embedding open scholarship in curriculum","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"To do this at the university level, we first propose to embed open scholarship practices in the current curriculum for each major, as has successfully been demonstrated at UC Berkeley, aspects of which have been summarized in","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1869/c208","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/e6a8a36afc8b4ce3","nativeRecordCid":"b1c39854-ef39-4893-b4e3-923b09858588","documentId":"osft-doc-1869","id":"c208","text":"Key faculty leaders in open science should be identified.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"universities","subject":"identifying open science faculty leaders","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Second, we propose to identify key faculty leaders in open science and incentivize engagement of open science with innovative methods such as funding course buy-outs.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1869/c209","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/ac00f558357046c9","nativeRecordCid":"df98f265-94b5-4e68-bdbf-04cd848aefcf","documentId":"osft-doc-1869","id":"c209","text":"Engagement of open science should be incentivized with innovative methods such as funding course buy-outs.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"universities","subject":"incentivizing open science engagement","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Second, we propose to identify key faculty leaders in open science and incentivize engagement of open science with innovative methods such as funding course buy-outs.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1869/c210","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/aeca1ded1b2841af","nativeRecordCid":"102837de-73ea-4e91-8629-cb59b733c84f","documentId":"osft-doc-1869","id":"c210","text":"Low-barrier training and communities should be developed for students, staff, and faculty to engage in open scholarship.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"universities","subject":"low-barrier open scholarship training","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Third, we propose to develop low-barrier training and communities for students, staff, and faculty to engage in open scholarship and its benefit.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1869/c211","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/136bc047819647be","nativeRecordCid":"2c0cccff-ad5d-4cd2-9af4-5e2e181e7616","documentId":"osft-doc-1869","id":"c211","text":"The concepts of open scholarship should be introduced to K-12 teachers as early as possible.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"universities","subject":"introducing open scholarship to K-12 teachers","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Last, we propose to introduce the concepts to K-12 teachers to prepare and introduce the concepts as early as possible.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1869/c212","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/701be7d0035c4c91","nativeRecordCid":"f3ba108e-ce78-4830-b167-5f70fe38fd92","documentId":"osft-doc-1869","id":"c212","text":"A critical issue for many students today is the gap between education and research.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"gap between education and research","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"A critical component for many students today is the gap between education and research.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1869/c213","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/df51b0160073423a","nativeRecordCid":"ca413211-ae1f-4d1f-8d10-346cd962d037","documentId":"osft-doc-1869","id":"c213","text":"Most undergraduate students never have the opportunity to be exposed to research.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"undergraduate exposure to research","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Most undergraduate students never have the opportunity to be exposed to research, which is critical for creativity and accelerating discovery, and can increase the relevancy of education.","representedInStars":false}
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{"key":"osft-doc-1869/c217","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/34d7d9bbf54a43f5","nativeRecordCid":"d4833534-5689-4af4-b363-0385d06a425a","documentId":"osft-doc-1869","id":"c217","text":"Revamping curricula comes with challenges such as changes to university structure, training instructions, and materials.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"challenges of revamping curricula","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Revamping curricula comes with obvious challenges, such as changes that might involve university structure, training instructions, and changes in materials.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1869/c218","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/1f7301c832664d59","nativeRecordCid":"7ac60cc1-fdfe-43a4-a332-0d64ccea851c","documentId":"osft-doc-1869","id":"c218","text":"Textbooks in classrooms are becoming less useful due to the fast pace and constant change in research, particularly in upper-level undergraduate courses.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"textbooks and research pace","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"However, due to the fast pace and constant change in research, textbooks in classrooms are becoming less useful, particularly in upper-level undergraduate courses.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1869/c219","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/3fad5f3af2af4bec","nativeRecordCid":"8bbae0a2-57df-4953-a862-15793ac93f70","documentId":"osft-doc-1869","id":"c219","text":"There is a window of opportunity, due to outdated textbooks, to introduce concepts of open scholarship.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"outdated textbooks and open scholarship opportunity","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"We have a window of opportunity, due to outdated textbooks, to introduce concepts of open scholarship.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1869/c220","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/e7681d6e583a4585","nativeRecordCid":"dec4766d-546e-485f-8a6d-44c90334f39b","documentId":"osft-doc-1869","id":"c220","text":"Open scholarship can help accelerate discovery by not depending on old literature.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"open scholarship and discovery","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Open scholarship can help accelerate discovery by not depending on old literature, reducing redundancy, performing higher quality and more efficient research, and lowering barriers to collaboration by building resources for broader communities.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1869/c221","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/8c8592a1667d471f","nativeRecordCid":"8f98b163-ed26-46dc-90a5-4193d3856fa0","documentId":"osft-doc-1869","id":"c221","text":"Open scholarship reduces redundancy.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"open scholarship and redundancy","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Open scholarship can help accelerate discovery by not depending on old literature, reducing redundancy, performing higher quality and more efficient research, and lowering barriers to collaboration by building resources for broader communities.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1869/c222","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/741e8afd743a41bf","nativeRecordCid":"9e6d219f-70c0-464b-9d61-412c75198a0a","documentId":"osft-doc-1869","id":"c222","text":"Open scholarship enables higher quality and more efficient research.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"open scholarship and research quality","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Open scholarship can help accelerate discovery by not depending on old literature, reducing redundancy, performing higher quality and more efficient research, and lowering barriers to collaboration by building resources for broader communities.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1869/c223","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/cf3dfdd25dcf41e8","nativeRecordCid":"4af2d358-1e77-48c8-92ef-384e2a900af6","documentId":"osft-doc-1869","id":"c223","text":"Open scholarship lowers barriers to collaboration by building resources for broader communities.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"open scholarship and collaboration barriers","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Open scholarship can help accelerate discovery by not depending on old literature, reducing redundancy, performing higher quality and more efficient research, and lowering barriers to collaboration by building resources for broader communities.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1869/c224","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/88c2a93298674de8","nativeRecordCid":"08b09ece-874e-49f8-9088-a5644ae6b375","documentId":"osft-doc-1869","id":"c224","text":"Metrics are needed to define the success of open scholarship for education to be incorporated in classrooms.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"","subject":"metrics for open scholarship success in education","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Metrics are also needed that can be used to define the success of open scholarship for education to be incorporated in classrooms; in order to drive change, there needs to be a way to define the success of open scholarship in the current examples.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1869/c225","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/d10a4cd8758f4c1c","nativeRecordCid":"f0e23bf1-aed2-4d89-8b53-b30fb5828c1b","documentId":"osft-doc-1869","id":"c225","text":"Reproducibility depends on transparently documenting and sharing all data products used in research.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"reproducibility and data products","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Reproducibility depends on transparently documenting and sharing all data products, protocols, and computational algorithms (with source code) used in the research.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1869/c226","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/1b8e7c437ccc43eb","nativeRecordCid":"06f004ef-3d1c-4158-a342-ed3b0dbf8e82","documentId":"osft-doc-1869","id":"c226","text":"Reproducibility depends on transparently documenting and sharing protocols used in research.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"reproducibility and protocols","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Reproducibility depends on transparently documenting and sharing all data products, protocols, and computational algorithms (with source code) used in the research.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1869/c227","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/32e5b3d176764f03","nativeRecordCid":"4e63aa63-406b-46ca-8251-33ff64e8772c","documentId":"osft-doc-1869","id":"c227","text":"Reproducibility depends on transparently documenting and sharing computational algorithms, with source code, used in research.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"reproducibility and computational algorithms","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Reproducibility depends on transparently documenting and sharing all data products, protocols, and computational algorithms (with source code) used in the research.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1869/c228","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/92839adc633947e6","nativeRecordCid":"b1baf954-fe6b-4090-a0a9-6f48d5d59720","documentId":"osft-doc-1869","id":"c228","text":"Individual and institutional barriers hold back wide adoption of open, reproducible research practices and workflows.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"barriers to reproducible research adoption","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"While advocates of open, reproducible scholarly research believe that it should be the norm—coupled with data sharing, reusability, and sustainability more generally—individual and institutional barriers hold back wide adoption of such practices and workflows.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1869/c229","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/ec7936a54e6a41e7","nativeRecordCid":"c5fadcd9-04fc-4d13-9428-c9325db6cbd7","documentId":"osft-doc-1869","id":"c229","text":"Individuals and research groups who openly share research products and work reproducibly are currently motivated largely by personal beliefs.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"motivation for openness and reproducibility","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Currently, while some individuals and research groups feel strongly about openly sharing all research products (including data, written output, and software) and working in a reproducible way, they are largely motivated by personal beliefs.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1869/c230","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/7201d8c4bfdf40d9","nativeRecordCid":"7bd2f7fd-afc2-4c3d-9632-11a6b48d0325","documentId":"osft-doc-1869","id":"c230","text":"Cultures of openness among scholarly communities are not widespread.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"openness culture across scholarly communities","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"(Some scholarly communities have developed cultures with some aspects of openness, e.g., in physics the sharing of preprints via arXiv is the norm; but this is not widespread.)","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1869/c231","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/bf362c42e55e4942","nativeRecordCid":"a4fbff89-f83a-48de-a323-d9a50029300f","documentId":"osft-doc-1869","id":"c231","text":"Incentives at both institutional and wider community levels are needed to initiate change toward open and reproducible research.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"","subject":"incentives for reproducibility change","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Thus, incentives at both institutional and wider community levels are needed to initiate change.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1869/c232","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/c7dac5f6ea874a53","nativeRecordCid":"d9e89e0f-c813-4cbc-94a0-5e7576bfb13c","documentId":"osft-doc-1869","id":"c232","text":"Community leaders should make positive arguments for sharing and reuse of digital artifacts of research.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"community leaders","subject":"positive arguments for sharing and reuse","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Community leaders can and should make positive arguments for sharing and reuse of digital artifacts of research.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1869/c233","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/445f77300fe144d1","nativeRecordCid":"4bf5a494-a9d1-4882-8024-1ec8c5e867fe","documentId":"osft-doc-1869","id":"c233","text":"Positive arguments for sharing and reuse could be more successful than negative arguments centered on the 'crisis narrative' of lack of reproducibility.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"positive vs negative arguments for openness","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"These arguments could be more successful than negative ones around lack of reproducibility (the “crisis narrative”).","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1869/c234","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/57111c04d89a40dd","nativeRecordCid":"13d16510-ad29-4c1e-9a7f-30797291c316","documentId":"osft-doc-1869","id":"c234","text":"Arguments for open data and software often focus on increased citations.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"arguments for open data and software","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Although arguments for open data and software often focus on increased citations, we can also argue for the greater overall impact and opening up of new, collaborative avenues of research.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1869/c235","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/4ff5df3e6fb140dc","nativeRecordCid":"98f5a2ce-decf-4b9e-8538-baad0b81d8ed","documentId":"osft-doc-1869","id":"c235","text":"Open data and software produce greater overall impact.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"open data and software impact","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Although arguments for open data and software often focus on increased citations, we can also argue for the greater overall impact and opening up of new, collaborative avenues of research.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1869/c236","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/99cd7b6ccf964cb3","nativeRecordCid":"ec8b254c-88ed-44b0-b01c-a1a057835c56","documentId":"osft-doc-1869","id":"c236","text":"Open data and software open up new, collaborative avenues of research.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"open data and software and collaboration","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Although arguments for open data and software often focus on increased citations, we can also argue for the greater overall impact and opening up of new, collaborative avenues of research.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1869/c237","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/2bd63b6cbd4941bb","nativeRecordCid":"8ee64cdf-0873-4daf-9958-69c0761a7830","documentId":"osft-doc-1869","id":"c237","text":"Funders and publishers currently provide few incentives for reproducible research in practice, despite supporting it in theory.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"funder and publisher incentives for reproducibility","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Similarly, while funders and publishers may support reproducible research in theory, in practice they currently provide few incentives.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1869/c238","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/209405b650864f41","nativeRecordCid":"a0e139dc-13c8-4c2d-a22a-5f99016e58a4","documentId":"osft-doc-1869","id":"c238","text":"Funders may make reproducibility concerns part of merit-review criteria.","kind":"normative","modality":"may","actor":"funders","subject":"reproducibility in merit-review criteria","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Funders could precipitate change by making reproducibility concerns part of the merit-review criteria; they could require compliance with data management plans for any future support, and extend such plans to consider software explicitly (e.g., “Data and Software Management Plans”).","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1869/c239","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/97b6fc0764b24d5d","nativeRecordCid":"67547e64-70a3-4c81-9f80-2498d251a05c","documentId":"osft-doc-1869","id":"c239","text":"Funders may require compliance with data management plans for future support.","kind":"normative","modality":"may","actor":"funders","subject":"data management plan compliance","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Funders could precipitate change by making reproducibility concerns part of the merit-review criteria; they could require compliance with data management plans for any future support, and extend such plans to consider software explicitly (e.g., “Data and Software Management Plans”).","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1869/c240","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/ce0f0d4ff7864826","nativeRecordCid":"8a24c522-1379-40b0-8050-e15a4860f7f0","documentId":"osft-doc-1869","id":"c240","text":"Funders may extend data management plans to explicitly consider software.","kind":"normative","modality":"may","actor":"funders","subject":"software in data management plans","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Funders could precipitate change by making reproducibility concerns part of the merit-review criteria; they could require compliance with data management plans for any future support, and extend such plans to consider software explicitly (e.g., “Data and Software Management Plans”).","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1869/c241","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/47672057dff34b74","nativeRecordCid":"561d202f-1209-4a4f-b4b6-f3ed86575fd4","documentId":"osft-doc-1869","id":"c241","text":"Publishers can award badges to articles that present open and reproducible workflows.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"publisher badges for open workflows","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Publishers can award badges to articles that present open and reproducible workflows, for example, as is the case in the ACM Transactions on Mathematical Software","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1869/c242","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/f7f237945f064a27","nativeRecordCid":"a9c78a11-6753-4d50-8938-e9b2711c622a","documentId":"osft-doc-1869","id":"c242","text":"Publishers could go further by encouraging editorial boards and reviewers to only consider submissions with open and reproducible workflows.","kind":"normative","modality":"may","actor":"publishers","subject":"editorial requirements for open workflows","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"or could go even further by encouraging editorial boards and reviewers to only consider submissions with such workflows.","representedInStars":false}
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{"key":"osft-doc-1869/c255","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/1ab8d77a988343be","nativeRecordCid":"c49c78d0-ba56-4eea-b495-e859e0625128","documentId":"osft-doc-1869","id":"c255","text":"Leaders at all levels should encourage scholars to appropriately cite data and software when used for a study, similar to citing literature articles.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"leaders at all levels","subject":"citation of data and software","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Leaders at all levels should also encourage scholars to appropriately cite data and software when used for a study, similar to citing literature articles","representedInStars":false}
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{"key":"osft-doc-1869/c257","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/24e3cf94e92d40e1","nativeRecordCid":"a0d5d825-5245-4eb7-8d1e-6cbe67f42ccd","documentId":"osft-doc-1869","id":"c257","text":"Skills for reproducibility are not the same as skills for working openly in general.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"reproducibility skills vs openness skills","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"In addition to communicating the importance of preservation and reproducibility, training in skills for open and reproducible workflows needs to be emphasized, noting that skills for reproducibility are not the same as those for working openly in general.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1869/c258","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/5ebca903c75d4e92","nativeRecordCid":"6d472a3b-a4c9-4a9a-8dc1-9abb2959e63a","documentId":"osft-doc-1869","id":"c258","text":"Training in skills for open and reproducible workflows could be a new role for libraries.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"libraries and reproducibility training","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"This could be another new role for libraries, but some work may be discipline-specific, and training by faculty should also be recognized as a service contribution.","representedInStars":false}
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{"key":"osft-doc-1869/c260","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/d2a322e851aa438c","nativeRecordCid":"c5c2bf28-0819-4c01-833b-3867478c117c","documentId":"osft-doc-1869","id":"c260","text":"Training by faculty should be recognized as a service contribution.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"","subject":"faculty training as service","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"This could be another new role for libraries, but some work may be discipline-specific, and training by faculty should also be recognized as a service contribution.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1869/c261","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/29cfa5a9050148dc","nativeRecordCid":"ca88b2fb-7198-40a6-b778-305f27d82e75","documentId":"osft-doc-1869","id":"c261","text":"Enabling open, collaborative scholarship requires reducing the barriers to entry for both generating and distributing knowledge products.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"","subject":"open collaborative scholarship","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Enabling open, collaborative scholarship that engages students, researchers and the public requires reducing the barriers to entry for both generating and distributing knowledge “products.”","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1869/c262","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/86bb42273e9542e6","nativeRecordCid":"7d45f046-7066-4bc9-a685-0fd10fc52483","documentId":"osft-doc-1869","id":"c262","text":"Academic endeavors in both research and education reap most benefit from adopting open source software in all technologies they adopt.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"open source software adoption","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Academic endeavors—in both research and education—reap most benefit from adopting open source software in all technologies they adopt.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1869/c263","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/0a50a0d4d7fe4a49","nativeRecordCid":"28e047d9-d15b-46ae-9e64-92e98a90792b","documentId":"osft-doc-1869","id":"c263","text":"Utilizing closed-source software reduces verifiability of research products.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"closed-source software","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Utilizing closed-source software creates a number of impediments to effective research, including reducing verifiability of the research products, reducing opportunities for synergistic collaborations, and imposing barriers to entry for reproducibility and dissemination of knowledge.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1869/c264","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/7e8727067e96491c","nativeRecordCid":"989f62c1-2cac-437d-bcc2-a07c96b8f9ce","documentId":"osft-doc-1869","id":"c264","text":"Utilizing closed-source software reduces opportunities for synergistic collaborations.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"closed-source software","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Utilizing closed-source software creates a number of impediments to effective research, including reducing verifiability of the research products, reducing opportunities for synergistic collaborations, and imposing barriers to entry for reproducibility and dissemination of knowledge.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1869/c265","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/90f05bad5dcd4111","nativeRecordCid":"9c0e411a-75a8-4e27-887d-af032380b98a","documentId":"osft-doc-1869","id":"c265","text":"Utilizing closed-source software imposes barriers to entry for reproducibility and dissemination of knowledge.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"closed-source software","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Utilizing closed-source software creates a number of impediments to effective research, including reducing verifiability of the research products, reducing opportunities for synergistic collaborations, and imposing barriers to entry for reproducibility and dissemination of knowledge.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1869/c266","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/4c17c237e05848c1","nativeRecordCid":"3f4d7cfb-cb49-4f41-bbec-dca1b375b458","documentId":"osft-doc-1869","id":"c266","text":"Open source technologies provide intrinsic value to the entire research process that extends beyond a monetary value proposition.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"open source technologies","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"we also identify that open source technologies provide intrinsic value to the entire research process that extends beyond a monetary value proposition.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1869/c267","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/7098e8da6bef43be","nativeRecordCid":"70a2efe4-73b4-4925-aa5b-2e1c4fa33047","documentId":"osft-doc-1869","id":"c267","text":"Open source technologies should be preferred to accelerate open scholarship.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"","subject":"open source technologies","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"We therefore not only recognize that open source technologies should be preferred to accelerate open scholarship, but that researchers should be appropriately acknowledged and rewarded for participating in the ecosystem of open source and open data for scholarship.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1869/c268","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/51f9647e51384bae","nativeRecordCid":"802351e5-a96c-4a04-9bd5-3e02a39cdfce","documentId":"osft-doc-1869","id":"c268","text":"Researchers should be appropriately acknowledged and rewarded for participating in the ecosystem of open source and open data for scholarship.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"","subject":"researchers","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"We therefore not only recognize that open source technologies should be preferred to accelerate open scholarship, but that researchers should be appropriately acknowledged and rewarded for participating in the ecosystem of open source and open data for scholarship.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1869/c269","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/ad08893c49214410","nativeRecordCid":"02534aed-b91f-4498-a4ac-e4843a154622","documentId":"osft-doc-1869","id":"c269","text":"Tools for open scholarship should be interoperable and, to the extent possible, self-documenting.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"","subject":"open scholarship tools","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Firstly, the tools should be both interoperable and, to the extent possible, self-documenting.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1869/c270","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/107636fb3a8d496f","nativeRecordCid":"105986d3-73ba-4db8-b3c0-b733d7582e20","documentId":"osft-doc-1869","id":"c270","text":"Tools for open scholarship should be selected to reflect a wide-ranging set of evaluating criteria.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"","subject":"open scholarship tools","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The second characteristic of tools that we highlight is that they should be selected to reflect a wide-ranging set of evaluating criteria.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1869/c271","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/ea9c4800c5dd409e","nativeRecordCid":"5b3e18b0-9fc4-4b74-b328-486b067f7d36","documentId":"osft-doc-1869","id":"c271","text":"Entrenching a single technological choice may unduly influence future research studies.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"technological choice entrenchment","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Entrenching a single technological choice may serve to unduly influence future research studies and restrict growth of scholarly technologies.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1869/c272","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/b211e5e3217f4037","nativeRecordCid":"236b075f-ccd4-48a6-be89-a20f59591809","documentId":"osft-doc-1869","id":"c272","text":"Entrenching a single technological choice may restrict growth of scholarly technologies.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"technological choice entrenchment","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Entrenching a single technological choice may serve to unduly influence future research studies and restrict growth of scholarly technologies.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1869/c273","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/19186153cbd840b5","nativeRecordCid":"e03e4110-cb1c-4ac5-adda-2e0c150146ed","documentId":"osft-doc-1869","id":"c273","text":"The ability of researchers to utilize cutting-edge open source and open scholarship infrastructure can be subject to the bottleneck of their own technical skills.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"researchers' technical skills","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"We also recognize that frequently the ability of researchers to utilize cutting-edge open source and open scholarship infrastructure can be subject to the bottleneck of their own technical skills.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1869/c274","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/84d2f88ee59b46a3","nativeRecordCid":"fc142dae-fcea-4ba1-b998-0a536a1fc79c","documentId":"osft-doc-1869","id":"c274","text":"The technical skills bottleneck imposes a barrier to entry that detracts from the utilization of open scholarship tools and software.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"technical skills barrier","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"This imposes a technical barrier to entry that we believe will detract from the utilization of open scholarship tools and software.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1869/c275","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/2844b83f5ab645d9","nativeRecordCid":"eadcd596-eb44-45cd-87d6-62625cd343bd","documentId":"osft-doc-1869","id":"c275","text":"Every research university has a library whose mission is to support research and education by collecting, organizing, managing, preserving, and ensuring long-term access to the products of research and the scholarly record for every discipline.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"research university libraries","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Every research university has a library whose mission is to support research and education by collecting, organizing, managing, preserving, and ensuring long-term access to the products of research and the scholarly record for every discipline.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1869/c276","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/ad982b10d5ab4965","nativeRecordCid":"02ac2b64-5b86-4ae2-a57f-eb63582af7e6","documentId":"osft-doc-1869","id":"c276","text":"Librarians and other library staff provide expert support to students and researchers at every career stage, universally and democratically.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"library staff","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Librarians and other library staff provide expert support to students and researchers at every career stage, universally and democratically.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1869/c277","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/1309908afea4407c","nativeRecordCid":"18a248a4-c9a4-4932-9b28-00724a1f570f","documentId":"osft-doc-1869","id":"c277","text":"Libraries are the original core research facility.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"libraries","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"In many ways, libraries are the original core research facility, inseparable from the university itself, evolving alongside technological advances and other changes in research and educational models and methods.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1869/c278","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/031c07f7ef994688","nativeRecordCid":"e8abe853-9971-49e7-a57a-c6e8260a15e8","documentId":"osft-doc-1869","id":"c278","text":"Libraries are inseparable from the university itself.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"libraries","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"In many ways, libraries are the original core research facility, inseparable from the university itself, evolving alongside technological advances and other changes in research and educational models and methods.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1869/c279","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/c213d65a61294914","nativeRecordCid":"ad92ac96-0a2e-4098-b0d4-2e4b1f4a01de","documentId":"osft-doc-1869","id":"c279","text":"Libraries are evolving alongside technological advances and other changes in research and educational models and methods.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"libraries","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"In many ways, libraries are the original core research facility, inseparable from the university itself, evolving alongside technological advances and other changes in research and educational models and methods.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1869/c280","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/d47f00700a814c94","nativeRecordCid":"3ddd6a58-e0f6-4ec3-854d-9edb91d5c2d0","documentId":"osft-doc-1869","id":"c280","text":"The unique role that the library plays in the university needs to be re-envisioned and broadened.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"","subject":"the library's role","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"As we consider the future of research universities, open scholarship, and data-driven research, the unique role that the library plays in the university needs to be re-envisioned and perhaps broadened.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1869/c281","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/b03c444332a7451f","nativeRecordCid":"14533542-bd98-40b5-a5df-aec2c577b745","documentId":"osft-doc-1869","id":"c281","text":"Libraries are already adapting to include new forms of scholarship in their traditional functions of collecting, organizing, describing, preserving, and providing ongoing access.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"libraries","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Libraries are already adapting to include these new forms of scholarship in their traditional functions of collecting, organizing, describing, preserving, and providing ongoing access.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1869/c282","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/beab0b28f2674227","nativeRecordCid":"9e7b3675-5a58-4679-8fe9-82556188cb6f","documentId":"osft-doc-1869","id":"c282","text":"Digital content is different than print and other analog formats.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"digital content","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"But digital content is different than print and other analog formats, providing greater challenges and opportunities at the intersection of research and content, on the production and consumption sides.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1869/c283","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/49c9bf711b6d46ad","nativeRecordCid":"b9d34c4b-f7b0-4359-b3d4-efbe1b2d3ecf","documentId":"osft-doc-1869","id":"c283","text":"The difference of digital content from print provides greater challenges and opportunities at the intersection of research and content, on the production and consumption sides.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"digital content","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"But digital content is different than print and other analog formats, providing greater challenges and opportunities at the intersection of research and content, on the production and consumption sides.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1869/c284","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/cc940eeac7ba4842","nativeRecordCid":"707e69db-7ba4-4d3e-aa2d-e3598b64e3b0","documentId":"osft-doc-1869","id":"c284","text":"Libraries play a key role in helping institutions and individuals document their impact on knowledge creation.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"libraries","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Libraries play a key role in helping institutions and individuals document their impact on knowledge creation.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1869/c285","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/84a57985b0834f6b","nativeRecordCid":"edbc40c1-73c1-4380-9f20-6b927b3a591c","documentId":"osft-doc-1869","id":"c285","text":"New forms of scholarship and research require new forms of credit and attribution that can be aligned and integrated with traditional credit mechanisms.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"","subject":"new forms of scholarship and research","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"New forms of scholarship and research (e.g., scientific software or complex data creation) require new forms of credit and attribution to measure their impact in ways that can be aligned and integrated with traditional credit mechanisms: citation and attribution.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1869/c286","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/39cab152fc914a7f","nativeRecordCid":"a447aaf6-7d2f-4c37-af06-36be21b793b0","documentId":"osft-doc-1869","id":"c286","text":"The current scholarly record system was designed for authorship.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"scholarly record system","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The current scholarly record system was designed for authorship and is maintained by libraries and information companies (e.g., Web of Science), and libraries are collaborating with researchers to develop new citation standards and methods, promote new disciplinary norms, and create new tools and databases that interweave new and traditional scholarship.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1869/c287","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/701065a81bd0475d","nativeRecordCid":"98110cac-c763-4243-9652-965c76cc5cfa","documentId":"osft-doc-1869","id":"c287","text":"The current scholarly record system is maintained by libraries and information companies.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"scholarly record system","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The current scholarly record system was designed for authorship and is maintained by libraries and information companies (e.g., Web of Science), and libraries are collaborating with researchers to develop new citation standards and methods, promote new disciplinary norms, and create new tools and databases that interweave new and traditional scholarship.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1869/c288","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/babd5f26570349bb","nativeRecordCid":"c6dfd442-d57a-44b1-8eb3-d371575b2b4d","documentId":"osft-doc-1869","id":"c288","text":"Libraries are collaborating with researchers to develop new citation standards and methods.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"libraries","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The current scholarly record system was designed for authorship and is maintained by libraries and information companies (e.g., Web of Science), and libraries are collaborating with researchers to develop new citation standards and methods, promote new disciplinary norms, and create new tools and databases that interweave new and traditional scholarship.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1869/c289","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/a9f8a1fd3f194ded","nativeRecordCid":"c109edb1-8ca1-442a-aec2-0ed2412d1b33","documentId":"osft-doc-1869","id":"c289","text":"Libraries are collaborating with researchers to promote new disciplinary norms.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"libraries","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The current scholarly record system was designed for authorship and is maintained by libraries and information companies (e.g., Web of Science), and libraries are collaborating with researchers to develop new citation standards and methods, promote new disciplinary norms, and create new tools and databases that interweave new and traditional scholarship.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1869/c290","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/c8331e768e9b4f0d","nativeRecordCid":"f045276b-9b74-45b1-83f9-d5a3b0654db8","documentId":"osft-doc-1869","id":"c290","text":"Libraries are collaborating with researchers to create new tools and databases that interweave new and traditional scholarship.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"libraries","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The current scholarly record system was designed for authorship and is maintained by libraries and information companies (e.g., Web of Science), and libraries are collaborating with researchers to develop new citation standards and methods, promote new disciplinary norms, and create new tools and databases that interweave new and traditional scholarship.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1869/c291","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/f1d43831366c4dcd","nativeRecordCid":"5e67f9f1-5201-4ca1-8693-6836e3c4d85d","documentId":"osft-doc-1869","id":"c291","text":"Libraries train students in citation practices and bibliographic tools.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"libraries","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Libraries train students in citation practices and bibliographic tools, and collect the data that provide evidence of impact, including alternative metrics to traditional citation, such as ‘altmetrics,’ documenting both institutional and individual impact","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1869/c292","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/93e77240db9744e6","nativeRecordCid":"57f977ea-d822-4125-b21a-dacd24abf68c","documentId":"osft-doc-1869","id":"c292","text":"Libraries collect data that provide evidence of impact, documenting both institutional and individual impact.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"libraries","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Libraries train students in citation practices and bibliographic tools, and collect the data that provide evidence of impact, including alternative metrics to traditional citation, such as ‘altmetrics,’ documenting both institutional and individual impact","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1869/c293","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/7f2f3b1165a24619","nativeRecordCid":"a63d2dd2-1bcc-4eb4-857a-40a6f9411ca0","documentId":"osft-doc-1869","id":"c293","text":"Libraries are natural homes for interdisciplinary research communities to form and collaborate.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"libraries","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Libraries are natural homes for interdisciplinary research communities to form and collaborate.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1869/c294","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/9e0f021fbbd34a7e","nativeRecordCid":"a954eb32-7c14-41c9-b335-752849aede7b","documentId":"osft-doc-1869","id":"c294","text":"Libraries provide central, neutral, and welcoming facilities, often with shared equipment and other research tools that are expensive and inefficient to duplicate in multiple departments.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"libraries","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"They provide central, neutral, and welcoming facilities, often with shared equipment and other research tools that are expensive and inefficient to duplicate in multiple departments (e.g., 3D printers, visualization tools, specialized software).","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1869/c295","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/372fcfd78d674b62","nativeRecordCid":"2a630abd-8cf5-4491-97bb-b02746608c88","documentId":"osft-doc-1869","id":"c295","text":"Library spaces bring together researchers and students from across the university who are then exposed to each other's research methods.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"library spaces","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Importantly, library spaces bring together researchers and students from across the university who are then exposed to each other’s research methods","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1869/c296","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/a4d8a4b3ac464211","nativeRecordCid":"f815ab0d-852c-4d99-b694-879bc633507c","documentId":"osft-doc-1869","id":"c296","text":"Libraries are naturally omnidisciplinary.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"libraries","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The fact that libraries are naturally omnidisciplinary allows them to organize quickly and fluidly around new research constellations without the need to form new “disciplines,” with consequent norms for publication, curricula, and excellence.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1869/c297","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/eb0c37d664094c9f","nativeRecordCid":"d3e959fc-25f5-4a43-ac51-939738baca3e","documentId":"osft-doc-1869","id":"c297","text":"Being naturally omnidisciplinary allows libraries to organize quickly and fluidly around new research constellations without the need to form new disciplines.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"libraries","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The fact that libraries are naturally omnidisciplinary allows them to organize quickly and fluidly around new research constellations without the need to form new “disciplines,” with consequent norms for publication, curricula, and excellence.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1869/c298","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/e53a41797b1841e9","nativeRecordCid":"14f5d08d-001e-4307-9558-2d581b364d9f","documentId":"osft-doc-1869","id":"c298","text":"Libraries can attract and hire academic staff to run new research areas.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"libraries","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"They can attract and often hire academic staff to run new research areas (e.g., data science or spatial science researchers) and provide them with avenues for recognition and advancement, if not tenure.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1869/c299","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/1fe2f83c9da04997","nativeRecordCid":"cb2694a0-3983-474a-bc38-d270a55b4090","documentId":"osft-doc-1869","id":"c299","text":"Libraries provide such academic staff with avenues for recognition and advancement, if not tenure.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"libraries","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"They can attract and often hire academic staff to run new research areas (e.g., data science or spatial science researchers) and provide them with avenues for recognition and advancement, if not tenure.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1869/c300","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/d1e9a0230f2b40c2","nativeRecordCid":"ee98f904-5ea5-4e79-aa65-7773f29a0ea6","documentId":"osft-doc-1869","id":"c300","text":"Libraries are logical stewards of and repositories for open scholarship technologies and data.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"libraries","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Libraries are logical stewards of and repositories for open scholarship technologies and data","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1869/c301","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/d2aefa064bc644a8","nativeRecordCid":"53fe191f-b769-4b0d-be88-9f002dbff713","documentId":"osft-doc-1869","id":"c301","text":"Libraries provide expert support to all researchers and students for particular tools and practices.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"libraries","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"They provide expert support to all researchers and students for particular tools (e.g., bibliographic management tools, GIS software systems, 3D printers, text mining or bioinformatics) and practices (e.g., data curation, software publishing and archiving).","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1869/c302","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/61dfba4103f24b35","nativeRecordCid":"eba8eccf-ac52-42e9-92f5-13d6aae52a28","documentId":"osft-doc-1869","id":"c302","text":"Libraries have the technical skills to catalog and organize the new products of open scholarship, individually and collectively via national consortia and programs.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"libraries","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"They have the technical skills to catalog and organize the new products of open scholarship (e.g., data and software), individually and collectively via national consortia and programs","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1869/c303","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/fa0f47a7f8bd43b8","nativeRecordCid":"def2cdeb-b4f3-4024-a0b0-6da86e075258","documentId":"osft-doc-1869","id":"c303","text":"Coordinated international efforts to manage the tools and products of research are needed for open scholarship to become the default.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"","subject":"open scholarship becoming default","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"For open scholarship to become the default, it will take coordinated international efforts to manage the tools and products of research, and libraries are well-positioned to expand current networks to meet that need.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1869/c304","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/8496c4219e114e99","nativeRecordCid":"42c16476-124d-4eb9-bc92-cdb6182498cd","documentId":"osft-doc-1869","id":"c304","text":"Libraries are well-positioned to expand current networks to meet the need for coordinated international efforts to manage the tools and products of research.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"libraries","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"For open scholarship to become the default, it will take coordinated international efforts to manage the tools and products of research, and libraries are well-positioned to expand current networks to meet that need.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1869/c305","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/88dedcfe994245f7","nativeRecordCid":"a2bae78f-9403-4c3a-9b4a-a239ec7836be","documentId":"osft-doc-1869","id":"c305","text":"Knowledge sharing is a core value of libraries.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"libraries","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"A core value of libraries is knowledge sharing – that everyone should have free and frictionless access to all knowledge for all time, whoever and wherever they are.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1869/c306","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/884a7676c44d4f2a","nativeRecordCid":"c3589484-72f5-4913-b363-c2d9dc4f4efe","documentId":"osft-doc-1869","id":"c306","text":"Everyone should have free and frictionless access to all knowledge for all time, whoever and wherever they are.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"","subject":"access to knowledge","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"A core value of libraries is knowledge sharing – that everyone should have free and frictionless access to all knowledge for all time, whoever and wherever they are.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1869/c307","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/eee09a903d944d10","nativeRecordCid":"9ff52a49-4c81-4ef7-8959-fc7cc8284895","documentId":"osft-doc-1869","id":"c307","text":"Libraries are strong advocates of open scholarship and promote it to their own communities and to the public at large.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"libraries","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Because of that value, libraries are strong advocates of open scholarship – open access, open data, open educational resources, open methodologies and research reproducibility – and promote them to their own communities and to the public at large.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1869/c308","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/f883cd51349543a4","nativeRecordCid":"a72e4812-2f00-417b-9873-fa351d804444","documentId":"osft-doc-1869","id":"c308","text":"Libraries are providing leadership in the development and support of open scholarship policies.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"libraries","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"As an illustration of this advocate role, libraries are providing leadership in the development and support of open scholarship policies.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1869/c309","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/23cb42ce973e4b45","nativeRecordCid":"2ca5769e-9e54-4b83-b0ae-e313a4e66a39","documentId":"osft-doc-1869","id":"c309","text":"Library professionals contribute expertise on open scholarship issues to government and university leaders as policies are being written.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"library professionals","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Library professionals contribute expertise on open scholarship issues to government and university leaders as policies are being written.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1869/c310","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/08012ba0b1164c1d","nativeRecordCid":"7af29f81-a465-4a85-8519-f2289f7de7db","documentId":"osft-doc-1869","id":"c310","text":"As new policies emerge and evolve, library staff are often central to campus initiatives focused on meeting new policy requirements.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"library staff","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"As new policies emerge and evolve, library staff are then often central to campus initiatives focused on meeting new policy requirements.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1869/c311","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/3d2cfddbd9dd4cb1","nativeRecordCid":"8230b5c2-c418-46f9-bd08-88f75ce5ced9","documentId":"osft-doc-1869","id":"c311","text":"Libraries can provide skills training at the point of need and in flexible ways, unlike traditional academic departments.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"libraries","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Libraries can provide skills training at the point of need and in flexible ways, unlike traditional academic departments","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1869/c312","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/237cf3fd42124c77","nativeRecordCid":"5bd9da45-12f3-4a14-bd33-3341d9db2004","documentId":"osft-doc-1869","id":"c312","text":"Library training offerings can be credited or uncredited to allow for different incentives and rewards to students.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"library training offerings","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"These training offerings can be credited (e.g., a semester-long seminar) or uncredited (e.g., a two-week boot camp or a single class) to allow for different incentives and rewards to students.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1869/c313","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/fe4ef9ed69ee4be3","nativeRecordCid":"8f1342be-ab07-4997-a45a-20712ce134c3","documentId":"osft-doc-1869","id":"c313","text":"The central locality of library training sessions exposes attendees to other students and researchers.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"library training sessions","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The central locality of these training sessions exposes them to other students and researchers, providing a novel form of marketing and outreach.","representedInStars":false}
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{"key":"osft-doc-1869/c378","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/3ef38af693ce4886","nativeRecordCid":"07465978-88c6-480d-bef8-11b2792dc713","documentId":"osft-doc-1869","id":"c378","text":"Diversity is essential to the transition from a closed to an open knowledge institution.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"","subject":"diversity in the transition to open institutions","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Diversity\nis essential to this change, to ensure participation from a broad group of stakeholders, including nontraditional/unfunded/formerly peripheral actors (including the general public and local/nonlocal parties interested in university efforts);","representedInStars":false}
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{"key":"osft-doc-1869/c381","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/aa02f672a7cf4ea4","nativeRecordCid":"63ae2dad-5dc4-460a-ab38-489ca8e0608b","documentId":"osft-doc-1869","id":"c381","text":"Communication is needed to transmit knowledge to diverse communities and to support and engage diverse groups in multi-stakeholder dialogues.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"","subject":"communication in the transition to open institutions","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"To make sure that Coordination occurs and Diversity is achieved,\nCommunication\nis needed, both to transmit knowledge to the diverse communities and to support and engage diverse groups in the extensive, multi-stakeholder dialogues that characterize open institutions.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1869/c382","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/500d8a9bbe9a4377","nativeRecordCid":"33cab19f-3431-4d08-96e7-dd7515c1f1e6","documentId":"osft-doc-1869","id":"c382","text":"Open institutions are characterized by extensive, multi-stakeholder dialogues.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"multi-stakeholder dialogues in open institutions","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"To make sure that Coordination occurs and Diversity is achieved,\nCommunication\nis needed, both to transmit knowledge to the diverse communities and to support and engage diverse groups in the extensive, multi-stakeholder dialogues that characterize open institutions.","representedInStars":false}
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{"key":"osft-doc-1878/c39","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/9ecd85310ea24efd","nativeRecordCid":"6e08e680-0767-4886-8afc-16018a237dba","documentId":"osft-doc-1878","id":"c39","text":"The current system of academic publishing focuses largely on research quantity and novelty rather than quality.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"academic publishing incentives","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Added to this is a growing awareness of the misalignment of incentives in the current system of academic publishing (Higginson & Munafo, 2016), which focus largely on research quantity and novelty rather than quality (Frith, 2020), as well as on the considerable prevalence and adverse consequences of questionable research practices (John et al., 2012).","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1878/c40","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/e81979e8af0849c5","nativeRecordCid":"0dced1e0-4136-4447-aa29-1bcdb61124f0","documentId":"osft-doc-1878","id":"c40","text":"There is a growing awareness of the considerable prevalence and adverse consequences of questionable research practices.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"questionable research practices","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Added to this is a growing awareness of the misalignment of incentives in the current system of academic publishing (Higginson & Munafo, 2016), which focus largely on research quantity and novelty rather than quality (Frith, 2020), as well as on the considerable prevalence and adverse consequences of questionable research practices (John et al., 2012).","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1878/c41","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/8f896f261c904d28","nativeRecordCid":"bd6d232c-74d3-48fc-be4a-df0ec22aee47","documentId":"osft-doc-1878","id":"c41","text":"Other fields have discovered worryingly low rates of reproducibility, similar to psychology.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"reproducibility across fields","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Although this credibility crisis began in psychology, other fields have  discovered similar and worryingly low rates of reproducibility (e.g., Baker, 2016; Eubank, 2016;  Maassen et al., 2020) and replicability (e.g., Camerer et al., 2016, 2018; Damian et al., 2019).","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1878/c42","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/750e7c24b5954ffb","nativeRecordCid":"06a58464-862f-427a-ae54-a66e2507502d","documentId":"osft-doc-1878","id":"c42","text":"Other fields have discovered worryingly low rates of replicability, similar to psychology.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"replicability across fields","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Although this credibility crisis began in psychology, other fields have  discovered similar and worryingly low rates of reproducibility (e.g., Baker, 2016; Eubank, 2016;  Maassen et al., 2020) and replicability (e.g., Camerer et al., 2016, 2018; Damian et al., 2019).","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1878/c43","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/c27b053aa2134ec9","nativeRecordCid":"337a5b9f-00d9-4b82-ba1f-74447f533916","documentId":"osft-doc-1878","id":"c43","text":"Discussions about a research 'crisis' have turned into a movement, with many transparency-themed initiatives being formed.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"open science movement","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"In recent years, discussions about a ‘crisis’ have turned into a movement (Munafò et al., 2017; Vazire, 2018) with many transparency-themed initiatives being formed.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1878/c44","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/ee32b6c2c9054e6d","nativeRecordCid":"92f77e6c-6369-4908-a7fb-f36ce2eaad56","documentId":"osft-doc-1878","id":"c44","text":"Introductions, manifestos, and guidelines for conducting open and reproducible research have been published in many fields and disciplines.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"open and reproducible research guidelines","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Introductions, manifestos, and guidelines for conducting open and reproducible research have been published in many fields and disciplines, including the humanities (e.g., Köchelmann, 2019; Marwick et al., 2017), the formal and computational sciences (e.g., Hutson, 2018; Stodden et al., 2016), the natural sciences (e.g., Bush et al., 2020; Junk & Lyons, 2020; Levin & Leonelli, 2017; Markowetz, 2015; Nüst & Pebesma, 2020; O’Dea et al., 2021), the professions and applied sciences (e.g., Cook et al., 2018, 2019; van der Zee & Reich, 2018), and the social sciences (e.g., Breznau, 2021; Christensen et al., 2019; Dienlin et al., 2021; Elman et al., 2018; Kathawalla et al., 2021; Klein et al., 2018; Miguel et al., 2014).","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1878/c45","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/c8d15f30a061451d","nativeRecordCid":"1a5ef614-7852-4ba7-85f9-cefaadf68263","documentId":"osft-doc-1878","id":"c45","text":"Despite large strides in some open scholarship practices, few initiatives have targeted changes in teaching or educational norms.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"open scholarship initiatives","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Despite large strides in some open scholarship practices,  few initiatives have targeted changes in teaching or educational norms.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1878/c46","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/1bd077def34148da","nativeRecordCid":"627b419d-99c3-43e1-b1af-87bfcf22aa14","documentId":"osft-doc-1878","id":"c46","text":"Many of the potential benefits of teaching and training in open scholarship remain undiscovered.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"open scholarship training","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"As a result, many of the potential benefits of teaching and training in open scholarship remain undiscovered.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1878/c47","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/0509fa3e1efb4497","nativeRecordCid":"69139f7d-812f-4f50-9aff-302dc358cdb7","documentId":"osft-doc-1878","id":"c47","text":"Where institutions have attempted to include open scholarship in their educational offerings, they have often done so through the lens of research integrity, addressing this primarily within their research community rather than for their students.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"institutional open scholarship education","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Currently, where institutions have attempted to include open scholarship into their educational offerings, they have often done so through the lens of “research integrity”—and thus addressed this primarily within their research community rather than for their students.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1878/c48","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/db723f891cd04a75","nativeRecordCid":"b5f678da-0810-4413-aba9-c367898cb1f1","documentId":"osft-doc-1878","id":"c48","text":"Additional emphasis on teaching and mentoring of reproducible and open research practices will help ensure that students are experienced and trained to engage in and evaluate these practices, rather than simply exposed to best practices.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"teaching and mentoring of open research practices","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Yet, additional emphasis on teaching and mentoring of reproducible and open research practices will help ensure that students are not simply exposed to best practices but are experienced and trained to engage in and evaluate these practices when they complete their studies.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1878/c49","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/14d0d2eba4a74fed","nativeRecordCid":"91b7002d-b55e-42d6-be95-acfbf41ee97f","documentId":"osft-doc-1878","id":"c49","text":"In the credibility revolution, scholars collectively aim to achieve higher standards of evidence, transparency, and openness in the process of science making.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"credibility revolution","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Taken together, these steps reflect a widespread awareness of, and call for, improved practices thought to usher in the “credibility revolution” (Vazire, 2018), in which scholars collectively aim to achieve higher standards of evidence, transparency, and openness in the process of science making (e.g. Nosek et al., 2018; Nosek & Lakens, 2014; Zwaan et al., 2018; Wagenmakers et al., 2012).","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1878/c50","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/c24221c19f3449e5","nativeRecordCid":"dc514a5d-c3ef-48e6-8bfc-9156883cfe45","documentId":"osft-doc-1878","id":"c50","text":"Scholarship should be steered towards scientific utopia by engaging students, the future practitioners and consumers of science, with open scholarship through teaching and mentoring.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"","subject":"scholarship","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"We suggest a fourth guiding principle to steer scholarship towards “scientific utopia”: the principle of engaging students—the future practitioners and consumers of science—with open scholarship through teaching and mentoring.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1878/c51","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/78548cf5e39b42de","nativeRecordCid":"d98b49ee-8dec-42fd-9481-7beb600037e3","documentId":"osft-doc-1878","id":"c51","text":"FORRT's main goal is to build, together with educators, a pathway to the stepwise adoption of principled, open teaching and mentoring practices.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"FORRT","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Established in 2018, FORRT’s main goal is to build, together with educators, a pathway to the stepwise adoption of principled, open teaching and mentoring practices.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1878/c52","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/5c2f4996217445b0","nativeRecordCid":"0b33df11-046c-45c1-a617-ba6dff5aecdb","documentId":"osft-doc-1878","id":"c52","text":"FORRT aims to generate and sustain a conversation about the ethics and social impact of a higher-education pedagogy that emphasizes themes of scholarly openness, epistemic uncertainty, and research credibility.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"FORRT","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"It also aims to generate and sustain a conversation about the ethics and social impact of a higher-education pedagogy that emphasizes themes of scholarly openness, epistemic uncertainty, and research credibility.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1878/c53","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/a685b430f6e34e12","nativeRecordCid":"047abe4a-2980-47a8-b08d-08a2764e2b71","documentId":"osft-doc-1878","id":"c53","text":"FORRT responds to calls for a wider interpretation of open scholarship as inclusive scholarship.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"FORRT","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Finally, FORRT responds to calls for a wider interpretation of open scholarship as inclusive scholarship (e.g., Albornoz & Chan, 2018; Bahlai et al., 2019; Rinke & Wuttke, 2021), proposing a reflection regarding the perceived relative importance of different academic activities and advocating for greater institutional recognition of teaching and mentoring resources.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1878/c54","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/33b5ff96900a4932","nativeRecordCid":"b2815904-0dd9-42db-81db-9708ffcaf88f","documentId":"osft-doc-1878","id":"c54","text":"FORRT advocates for greater institutional recognition of teaching and mentoring resources.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"FORRT","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Finally, FORRT responds to calls for a wider interpretation of open scholarship as inclusive scholarship (e.g., Albornoz & Chan, 2018; Bahlai et al., 2019; Rinke & Wuttke, 2021), proposing a reflection regarding the perceived relative importance of different academic activities and advocating for greater institutional recognition of teaching and mentoring resources.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1878/c55","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/1c51adef34484577","nativeRecordCid":"96effc42-f6f3-4e93-938a-bbd34d3550c0","documentId":"osft-doc-1878","id":"c55","text":"Encouraging the progressive opening of teaching and mentoring resources facilitates access, discovery, and learning.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"opening of teaching and mentoring resources","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Encouraging the progressive opening of teaching and mentoring resources facilitates access, discovery, and learning.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1878/c56","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/427966330c9b4e29","nativeRecordCid":"df4984ef-a09b-4e4e-b76c-c0c8833462cf","documentId":"osft-doc-1878","id":"c56","text":"Teachers and their students commonly experience barriers when incorporating open scholarship in teaching and learning.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"teachers and students","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"This seeks to benefit teachers, and their students, who otherwise commonly experience barriers when incorporating open scholarship in teaching and learning.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1878/c57","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/2da75b6ca24147e9","nativeRecordCid":"a92f3e6e-8021-4827-b780-5f642d00aff2","documentId":"osft-doc-1878","id":"c57","text":"In higher education, the role of edifying students' education and future, as well as kindling their passion for knowledge, typically falls on academic faculty or staff, whose job description predominantly consists of teaching and research.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"academic faculty role","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"In higher education, the role of edifying students’ education and future—as well as kindling their passion for knowledge—typically falls on academic faculty or staff, whose job description predominantly consists of teaching and research (along with administrative tasks and service).","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1878/c58","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/cdad0fd8c50642ac","nativeRecordCid":"21b361ae-d325-445b-9aee-f27b36724873","documentId":"osft-doc-1878","id":"c58","text":"The view that scholars are better equipped to impart knowledge to students that they have gained through their research is a key part of the academic ethos.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"academic ethos","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The view that scholars are better equipped to impart knowledge to students that they have gained through their research is a key part of the academic ethos.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1878/c59","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/c25ec423be4d4464","nativeRecordCid":"f3abae62-491e-4f5d-9263-967cfb200b6b","documentId":"osft-doc-1878","id":"c59","text":"The rationale behind 'educator-researchers' and research-informed teaching is that those on the cutting edge of their discipline have the expertise to provide students with a sense of authenticity and excitement through active involvement and contributions to the field's advancements.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"educator-researchers","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The rationale behind ‘educator-researchers' and research-informed teaching is that those on the cutting edge of their discipline have the expertise to provide students with a sense of authenticity and excitement through active involvement and contributions to the field's advancements.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1878/c60","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/e9988a216dfc47fc","nativeRecordCid":"6ea016ca-2744-45fd-8e7a-aa9ce0620a94","documentId":"osft-doc-1878","id":"c60","text":"Educator-researchers are more effective at instilling an actively critical approach to understanding complex research findings than a passive acceptance of facts.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"educator-researchers","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Moreover, educators-researchers “are more effective at instilling an actively critical approach to understanding complex research findings rather [than] a passive acceptance of facts” (Marsh & Hattie, 2002, p. 604).","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1878/c61","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/bee6285cb62f47a7","nativeRecordCid":"2e7fd759-a047-4455-a4e2-abbc5912b414","documentId":"osft-doc-1878","id":"c61","text":"Academics must know a given set of scientific facts in order to be inspiring educators.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"academics","subject":"academics as educators","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"For academics to be inspiring educators they must not only know a given set of scientific facts but also be familiar with the procedures by which scholarly knowledge is generated.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1878/c62","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/64efd61288c74cea","nativeRecordCid":"ae47fefc-f532-47d5-b1e8-2c525d6be957","documentId":"osft-doc-1878","id":"c62","text":"Academics must be familiar with the procedures by which scholarly knowledge is generated in order to be inspiring educators.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"academics","subject":"academics as educators","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"For academics to be inspiring educators they must not only know a given set of scientific facts but also be familiar with the procedures by which scholarly knowledge is generated.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1878/c63","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/f514263a9f0947f3","nativeRecordCid":"2f3e15f6-1cf7-4106-a4d6-e78a1be32bd2","documentId":"osft-doc-1878","id":"c63","text":"Science education requires teaching about how scientists learn what they know.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"","subject":"science education","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"It is not sufficient to teach about scientific facts or what scientists “know”—science education requires teaching about how scientists learn what they know.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1878/c64","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/81770de859894317","nativeRecordCid":"5a0aebf4-6cfc-47b4-9546-9ab30329caea","documentId":"osft-doc-1878","id":"c64","text":"A collection of scientific evidence, or the unreflective and decontextualized communication thereof, does not yield scientific literacy.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"scientific literacy","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"This is because a collection of scientific evidence (or the unreflective and decontextualized communication thereof) does not yield scientific literacy (Sharon & Baram-Tsabari, 2020).","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1878/c65","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/4ea59c57f38f4eb5","nativeRecordCid":"11b37017-74cb-4b3b-b17e-e607e2f737d7","documentId":"osft-doc-1878","id":"c65","text":"Scholars and students would benefit from integrating open scholarship into their teaching and mentoring practices.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"open scholarship integration in teaching","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Thus, we argue that scholars and students would benefit from integrating open scholarship into their teaching and mentoring practices.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1878/c66","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/d0b63c642ad046ef","nativeRecordCid":"e7a393c5-62fa-4622-bc66-245c4d49d7d5","documentId":"osft-doc-1878","id":"c66","text":"Educational programs should be built around the development of abilities that give rise to responsible conduct.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"educational programs","subject":"responsible conduct education","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The National Research Council (2002, p .85) of the United States argued “The educational program should be built around the development of abilities that give rise to responsible conduct, [. . .] education in the responsible conduct of research should be provided within the context of the overall education program, [. . . and] the instruction should be provided as much as possible by faculty who are actively engaged in research related to that of the trainees.” We support these recommendations, and further argue that training in open and reproducible research practices would yield similar benefits.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1878/c67","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/523b51381c404dfe","nativeRecordCid":"7c1cfa79-627a-4c76-9584-0e9b09ef0055","documentId":"osft-doc-1878","id":"c67","text":"Education in the responsible conduct of research should be provided within the context of the overall education program.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"educational programs","subject":"responsible conduct education","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The National Research Council (2002, p .85) of the United States argued “The educational program should be built around the development of abilities that give rise to responsible conduct, [. . .] education in the responsible conduct of research should be provided within the context of the overall education program, [. . . and] the instruction should be provided as much as possible by faculty who are actively engaged in research related to that of the trainees.” We support these recommendations, and further argue that training in open and reproducible research practices would yield similar benefits.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1878/c68","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/b3a6dff0a7544c0e","nativeRecordCid":"3e2555b3-0fb7-4cb6-ae8e-e62dc49a508f","documentId":"osft-doc-1878","id":"c68","text":"Instruction in the responsible conduct of research should be provided as much as possible by faculty who are actively engaged in research related to that of the trainees.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"educational programs","subject":"responsible conduct education","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The National Research Council (2002, p .85) of the United States argued “The educational program should be built around the development of abilities that give rise to responsible conduct, [. . .] education in the responsible conduct of research should be provided within the context of the overall education program, [. . . and] the instruction should be provided as much as possible by faculty who are actively engaged in research related to that of the trainees.” We support these recommendations, and further argue that training in open and reproducible research practices would yield similar benefits.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1878/c69","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/ab5afe8a04cd42a1","nativeRecordCid":"f820f1b0-b631-42e2-8fc7-a67931544fe1","documentId":"osft-doc-1878","id":"c69","text":"Training in open and reproducible research practices would yield similar benefits to training in the responsible conduct of research.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"open and reproducible research training","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The National Research Council (2002, p .85) of the United States argued “The educational program should be built around the development of abilities that give rise to responsible conduct, [. . .] education in the responsible conduct of research should be provided within the context of the overall education program, [. . . and] the instruction should be provided as much as possible by faculty who are actively engaged in research related to that of the trainees.” We support these recommendations, and further argue that training in open and reproducible research practices would yield similar benefits.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1878/c70","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/9e00b9139aaa4a68","nativeRecordCid":"5b4eb734-27be-443c-8d2a-d41b1df293d8","documentId":"osft-doc-1878","id":"c70","text":"Scholarship, at its core, is a system of methods of inquiry and knowledge production.","kind":"definitional","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"scholarship","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Scholarship, at its core, is a system of methods of inquiry and knowledge production.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1878/c71","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/c7ee8155776a4b0d","nativeRecordCid":"7d5d13e3-ba01-4364-9d69-112da5cf2612","documentId":"osft-doc-1878","id":"c71","text":"A common thread that unites the different fields of the scientific enterprise is transparent, accessible and cumulative research practices.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"scientific enterprise","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"While these vary widely from one field to another—contingent on studied phenomena (i.e., formal, natural, social and applied sciences) and on the use of various methods (i.e., qualitative and/or quantitative)—a common thread that unites the different fields of the scientific enterprise are transparent, accessible and cumulative research practices (with the inclusion of reproducible and replicable science for empirical fields).","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1878/c72","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/d1e8b838630449a5","nativeRecordCid":"75046ad7-764e-4ca4-878e-0128d0c2ef03","documentId":"osft-doc-1878","id":"c72","text":"Many of the changes encouraged to foster adoption of open scholarship in the last decade have been grassroots campaigns sparked and sustained by individual early adopters, rather than top-down initiatives at the institutional level.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"open scholarship adoption","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Many of the changes encouraged to foster adoption of open scholarship in the last decade have been grassroots campaigns sparked and sustained by individual early adopters, rather than top-down initiatives at the institutional level.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1878/c73","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/26883466be7a4ff1","nativeRecordCid":"28cb50f4-749e-4e27-9702-f89488d35e51","documentId":"osft-doc-1878","id":"c73","text":"Adoption of open scholarship practices remains unevenly distributed across rank, field, institution, and country.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"open scholarship adoption","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"As a result, the adoption of open scholarship practices remains unevenly distributed across rank, field, institution, and country, with these asymmetries reinforced by privilege (Nosek, 2019).","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1878/c74","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/7e2ea016d0c04d7b","nativeRecordCid":"257ee751-84bb-45ad-b4a1-f2b3b64a0f63","documentId":"osft-doc-1878","id":"c74","text":"The asymmetries in adoption of open scholarship practices are reinforced by privilege.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"open scholarship adoption","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"As a result, the adoption of open scholarship practices remains unevenly distributed across rank, field, institution, and country, with these asymmetries reinforced by privilege (Nosek, 2019).","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1878/c75","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/12bdda161d4a4358","nativeRecordCid":"af867e5f-bf80-4f62-bb1f-dfdd2b09d768","documentId":"osft-doc-1878","id":"c75","text":"There appears to be much less systematic incorporation of open scholarship practices in the education pipeline than in individual researchers' own labs.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"open scholarship in education pipeline","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"This means that, although some researchers have embraced open scholarship practices in their own labs, there appears to be much less systematic incorporation of open scholarship practices in the education pipeline.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1878/c76","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/94b127f09fb84614","nativeRecordCid":"10813de3-8780-49e2-8353-9106902cb4e1","documentId":"osft-doc-1878","id":"c76","text":"It is still common that students finish their studies without learning about open scholarship during their studies.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"student learning about open scholarship","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"As a consequence, it is still common that students finish their studies without learning about open scholarship during their studies (Chopik et al., 2018).","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1878/c77","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/5bc48975e53e4fb8","nativeRecordCid":"3be9077e-e642-4f59-afec-39c56ae6dd4c","documentId":"osft-doc-1878","id":"c77","text":"Although most social science programs mandate specific training in statistics and ethics, it is difficult to find evidence of programs requiring any training in open scholarship.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"social science program training requirements","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Indeed, although most social science programs mandate specific training in statistics and ethics, it is difficult to find evidence of programs requiring any required training in open scholarship.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1878/c78","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/aa7b97f693264a8e","nativeRecordCid":"c233f1e1-2a67-4e42-acfa-73f8adb95c92","documentId":"osft-doc-1878","id":"c78","text":"Open scholarship enhances research quality and integrity.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"open scholarship","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"First, open scholarship enhances research quality and integrity.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1878/c79","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/63d2d2b015c9419b","nativeRecordCid":"aae25ee4-c33a-4145-b0c0-0a65dcc18d6c","documentId":"osft-doc-1878","id":"c79","text":"Training students to engage in open practices will help increase adoption rates and ensure open scholarship practices are widely adopted in the future.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"training students in open practices","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Training students to engage in open practices will help increase adoption rates and ensure they are widely adopted in the future.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1878/c80","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/5a7a6016c616430d","nativeRecordCid":"f15f48e5-d5c2-46cb-b29b-8178aaaba419","documentId":"osft-doc-1878","id":"c80","text":"It is helpful for trainees to receive instruction in the importance of open scholarship practices in order to use these practices in their own work.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"trainee instruction in open scholarship","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"However, critically for our purposes, for trainees to use open scholarship practices in their own work, it would be helpful to experience and/or receive instruction not only in the importance of these practices, but also in how these practices are conducted.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1878/c81","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/8738be69a3c240ec","nativeRecordCid":"4a760787-acb8-40bd-a801-b1cc6d3a2c64","documentId":"osft-doc-1878","id":"c81","text":"It is helpful for trainees to receive instruction in how open scholarship practices are conducted in order to use these practices in their own work.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"trainee instruction in open scholarship","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"However, critically for our purposes, for trainees to use open scholarship practices in their own work, it would be helpful to experience and/or receive instruction not only in the importance of these practices, but also in how these practices are conducted.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1878/c82","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/0e142e37df784ef7","nativeRecordCid":"922aa1ec-a013-41f7-bf22-ddb87e9baf48","documentId":"osft-doc-1878","id":"c82","text":"The incentive structure of academia influences research, often to the detriment of research quality.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"academic incentive structure","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Given how the incentive structure of academia influences research, (i.e., researchers’ degrees of freedom, questionable research practices) often to the detriment of research quality (i.e., inflated rate of false positive results, asymmetric distribution of p-values in publications, reproducibility crisis), early career researchers untrained in open scholarship practices may be unaware, unsupported and subsequently less likely to implement them independently.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1878/c83","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/346b0b046cde4e24","nativeRecordCid":"3ee1de1d-bc07-49c0-9f95-53f24d5303d7","documentId":"osft-doc-1878","id":"c83","text":"Early career researchers untrained in open scholarship practices may be unaware, unsupported, and subsequently less likely to implement these practices independently.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"untrained early career researchers","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Given how the incentive structure of academia influences research, (i.e., researchers’ degrees of freedom, questionable research practices) often to the detriment of research quality (i.e., inflated rate of false positive results, asymmetric distribution of p-values in publications, reproducibility crisis), early career researchers untrained in open scholarship practices may be unaware, unsupported and subsequently less likely to implement them independently.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1878/c84","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/733698c93bb34ad6","nativeRecordCid":"2cb3721d-e6a8-4334-882b-73391ffe8732","documentId":"osft-doc-1878","id":"c84","text":"If open scholarship topics are not imbued at the onset of researchers' professional careers, it is unlikely that the next generation of researchers will understand, value, and maintain the better institutional constraints and open research procedures implemented at the dawning of the reproducibility crisis.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"next generation of researchers","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"If these topics are not imbued at the onset of their professional careers, it is unlikely that the next generation of researchers will understand, value, and maintain the better institutional constraints and open research procedures implemented at the dawning of the reproducibility crisis.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1878/c85","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/becc8db08c4f4732","nativeRecordCid":"fdb14c57-0ac6-4982-8df7-0b704597c4fe","documentId":"osft-doc-1878","id":"c85","text":"Training in open scholarship enables students who do not become researchers to be more effective consumers of research.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"open scholarship training","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Second, training in open scholarship enables students who do not become researchers to be more effective consumers of research.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1878/c86","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/d0568feff2f648cf","nativeRecordCid":"f471493e-b5d7-4bb3-a9ad-b5e19f777d49","documentId":"osft-doc-1878","id":"c86","text":"The majority of higher education students will not pursue an academic career.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"higher education students","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Given that the majority of higher education students will not pursue an academic career, higher education presents a valuable opportunity to formally teach prospective consumers of research how scientific research is conducted in an open and transparent manner and how to evaluate research critically.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1878/c87","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/0648625832ec4a53","nativeRecordCid":"33703edf-8434-4d04-b95a-a748ff5e9509","documentId":"osft-doc-1878","id":"c87","text":"Higher education presents a valuable opportunity to formally teach prospective consumers of research how scientific research is conducted in an open and transparent manner.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"higher education","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Given that the majority of higher education students will not pursue an academic career, higher education presents a valuable opportunity to formally teach prospective consumers of research how scientific research is conducted in an open and transparent manner and how to evaluate research critically.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1878/c88","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/519694af726d4079","nativeRecordCid":"3d995209-620e-4f08-921b-ef307a8b73b0","documentId":"osft-doc-1878","id":"c88","text":"Higher education presents a valuable opportunity to formally teach prospective consumers of research how to evaluate research critically.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"higher education","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Given that the majority of higher education students will not pursue an academic career, higher education presents a valuable opportunity to formally teach prospective consumers of research how scientific research is conducted in an open and transparent manner and how to evaluate research critically.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1878/c89","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/a3ef192f5abf49da","nativeRecordCid":"4492fa76-191e-4506-8b3f-e8411b8569d3","documentId":"osft-doc-1878","id":"c89","text":"Teaching prospective consumers of research about open and transparent science increases the chances of leaving a lasting impression on students' beliefs about, and how they envision, evaluate, and trust, science.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"teaching about open and transparent science","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"In doing so, scholars not only increase the chances of leaving a lasting impression on students’ beliefs about science, but also on how they envision, evaluate, and trust science, which strongly influences how they will interact with it in their future.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1878/c90","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/72c3f6fd8f894142","nativeRecordCid":"dc7dc11e-0dcb-4602-b0af-7d5f5c4084f5","documentId":"osft-doc-1878","id":"c90","text":"Students' beliefs about, and trust in, science strongly influences how they will interact with science in their future.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"students' beliefs about science","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"In doing so, scholars not only increase the chances of leaving a lasting impression on students’ beliefs about science, but also on how they envision, evaluate, and trust science, which strongly influences how they will interact with it in their future.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1878/c91","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/916ed8f8fb074137","nativeRecordCid":"b51a635f-ed0c-436a-bbcb-2e684d0b2dd3","documentId":"osft-doc-1878","id":"c91","text":"Open scholarship supports social justice.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"open scholarship","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"A third—and commonly overlooked—benefit is that open scholarship supports social justice.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1878/c92","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/9e4e7cafd1f84146","nativeRecordCid":"85f08ddd-d634-459b-aecd-59de6ee371ca","documentId":"osft-doc-1878","id":"c92","text":"The current model of scientific production and educational practices contributes to and reproduces global inequalities.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"scientific production and educational practices","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The current model of scientific production and educational practices contributes to and reproduces global inequalities.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1878/c93","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/8f8fbd08a12247aa","nativeRecordCid":"897f18f8-f652-4384-9937-3c93a72691d1","documentId":"osft-doc-1878","id":"c93","text":"Science is built on the same foundations as society itself, and has inevitably inherited many of society's systematic barriers hindering the success of traditionally marginalized groups.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"science and societal barriers","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Science is built on the same foundations as society itself, which means that it has inevitably inherited many of society’s systematic barriers hindering the success of traditionally marginalized groups—whether based on gender, race, ethnicity, origin or social class (“Is science only for the rich?”, 2016).","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1878/c94","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/dbed1aeb80974477","nativeRecordCid":"80886e2a-cef3-4ea4-ab3a-e62a1220ff43","documentId":"osft-doc-1878","id":"c94","text":"Perpetuating the lack of open sharing of data, resources, and the products of research only serves to maintain the status quo.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"lack of open sharing","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Thus, perpetuating the lack of open sharing of data, resources, and the products of research only serves to maintain the status quo (see Ledgerwood et al., in press).","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1878/c95","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/2092095298244f3e","nativeRecordCid":"e5499141-d7fa-42d2-ac96-480d1bc06a99","documentId":"osft-doc-1878","id":"c95","text":"Current academic structures around science communication, prestige-based funding, and teaching and mentoring practices often serve as a bottleneck, considerably hindering the chances of minorities in academia.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"academic structures","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Current academic structures around science communication, prestige-based funding, and teaching and mentoring practices often serve as a bottleneck, considerably hindering the chances of minorities in academia while perpetuating power imbalances and exploitation of privilege (Siler et al., 2018).","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1878/c96","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/66299af61bf14eb5","nativeRecordCid":"f27337f3-d6dc-4ec4-b557-ac643e359e4d","documentId":"osft-doc-1878","id":"c96","text":"Current academic structures perpetuate power imbalances.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"academic structures","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Current academic structures around science communication, prestige-based funding, and teaching and mentoring practices often serve as a bottleneck, considerably hindering the chances of minorities in academia while perpetuating power imbalances and exploitation of privilege (Siler et al., 2018).","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1878/c97","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/9ae71198eff74dc1","nativeRecordCid":"79311bf8-3ae0-4691-8a90-4c6d5954bdd6","documentId":"osft-doc-1878","id":"c97","text":"Current academic structures perpetuate exploitation of privilege.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"academic structures","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Current academic structures around science communication, prestige-based funding, and teaching and mentoring practices often serve as a bottleneck, considerably hindering the chances of minorities in academia while perpetuating power imbalances and exploitation of privilege (Siler et al., 2018).","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1878/c98","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/1a22df33ae594542","nativeRecordCid":"7a111010-7452-48b5-a2a3-0504ae86e0e3","documentId":"osft-doc-1878","id":"c98","text":"The Matthew effect in science describes how academic structures contribute unfairly to the advancement of already well-established scientists.","kind":"definitional","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"Matthew effect in science","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Accordingly, the Matthew effect in science (Merton, 1968) describes how academic structures contribute unfairly to the advancement of already well-established scientists, given that, contrary to popular belief, the key factors predicting recognition of one’s scientific work are seniority, location, and institutional reputation rather than research quality.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1878/c99","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/508508eab1184fca","nativeRecordCid":"36964897-54ef-4901-adcc-bc9ef7814a1c","documentId":"osft-doc-1878","id":"c99","text":"The key factors predicting recognition of one's scientific work are seniority, location, and institutional reputation rather than research quality.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"recognition of scientific work","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Accordingly, the Matthew effect in science (Merton, 1968) describes how academic structures contribute unfairly to the advancement of already well-established scientists, given that, contrary to popular belief, the key factors predicting recognition of one’s scientific work are seniority, location, and institutional reputation rather than research quality.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1878/c100","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/809f876e57ec44ee","nativeRecordCid":"dee57561-c725-4612-9f7f-188e72d18cc6","documentId":"osft-doc-1878","id":"c100","text":"Recognition of scientific work trickles down to funding, visibility, and citations of that work.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"recognition of scientific work","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Recognition then trickles down to funding, visibility and citations of one’s scientific work (Merton, 1988), which ultimately contributes to increasing inequality with regards to which scientific ideas and perspectives get more diffused and therefore become more impactful to future scientific investigations (Morgan et al., 2018).","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1878/c101","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/fe1f4ce31099460a","nativeRecordCid":"cf456c56-b1e6-4e1f-bf82-0ee1d3ad496c","documentId":"osft-doc-1878","id":"c101","text":"The trickle-down of recognition contributes to increasing inequality regarding which scientific ideas and perspectives get more diffused and become more impactful to future scientific investigations.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"recognition of scientific work","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Recognition then trickles down to funding, visibility and citations of one’s scientific work (Merton, 1988), which ultimately contributes to increasing inequality with regards to which scientific ideas and perspectives get more diffused and therefore become more impactful to future scientific investigations (Morgan et al., 2018).","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1878/c102","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/83ca9379421c4049","nativeRecordCid":"e034e51b-14e8-49df-b96d-009a16520ef1","documentId":"osft-doc-1878","id":"c102","text":"Junior researchers who co-author with prominent scientists have an ongoing competitive advantage, including continued collaboration with top-cited scientists and a higher likelihood of becoming one themselves.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"junior researchers co-authoring with prominent scientists","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Similarly, junior researchers who co-author with prominent scientists have an ongoing competitive advantage, including continued collaboration with top-cited scientists and a higher likelihood of becoming one themselves (Li et al., 2019).","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1878/c103","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/aa987f6c2f4a4fde","nativeRecordCid":"6d69ab8a-e740-419e-9d62-35a1be171d15","documentId":"osft-doc-1878","id":"c103","text":"Inequality in academia is a pervasive issue influencing who has access to higher education.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"inequality in academia","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Thus, inequality in academia is a pervasive issue, influencing not only who has access to higher education and who gets to be a prominent scholar (see Roberts et al., 2020) but also which populations get studied (Henrich et al., 2010).","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1878/c104","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/f82387deed424ed4","nativeRecordCid":"ee572e6e-8769-48e5-a927-e7d7005885fa","documentId":"osft-doc-1878","id":"c104","text":"Inequality in academia is a pervasive issue influencing who gets to be a prominent scholar.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"inequality in academia","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Thus, inequality in academia is a pervasive issue, influencing not only who has access to higher education and who gets to be a prominent scholar (see Roberts et al., 2020) but also which populations get studied (Henrich et al., 2010).","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1878/c105","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/9c391ef6f6974da8","nativeRecordCid":"37e0cd48-bf82-49a8-9594-323d22867edc","documentId":"osft-doc-1878","id":"c105","text":"Inequality in academia is a pervasive issue influencing which populations get studied.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"inequality in academia","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Thus, inequality in academia is a pervasive issue, influencing not only who has access to higher education and who gets to be a prominent scholar (see Roberts et al., 2020) but also which populations get studied (Henrich et al., 2010).","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1878/c106","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/2a808394e84f4354","nativeRecordCid":"02897f79-e61f-4890-a4f3-4ba51bc2d6d6","documentId":"osft-doc-1878","id":"c106","text":"Creating the conditions for knowledge to become a public good helps mitigate inequalities surrounding the access, learning, and production of scientific content.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"knowledge as a public good","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Creating the conditions for knowledge to become a public good—accessible to all members of society, is one way to help mitigate inequalities surrounding the access, learning, and production of scientific content (Steltenpohl et al., 2019).","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1878/c107","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/3b7bd31134cd4a50","nativeRecordCid":"6a7de189-a036-4800-85c6-e2a665241748","documentId":"osft-doc-1878","id":"c107","text":"Science is a community endeavor.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"science","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"This is in line with the idea that science is a community endeavor, wherein open inquiry and public participation is at the heart of the scientific enterprise.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1878/c108","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/c96580494f934081","nativeRecordCid":"a95a8329-9ae6-4b23-9301-14bbdfdd3565","documentId":"osft-doc-1878","id":"c108","text":"Open inquiry and public participation are at the heart of the scientific enterprise.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"scientific enterprise","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"This is in line with the idea that science is a community endeavor, wherein open inquiry and public participation is at the heart of the scientific enterprise.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1878/c109","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/31c4d3b6d85d4779","nativeRecordCid":"77b9317c-629c-4a27-becf-02a12092186a","documentId":"osft-doc-1878","id":"c109","text":"The integration of teaching subject content with open and reproducible scholarship gives students and aspiring scholars the necessary tools to engage with science-making.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"integration of subject content with open scholarship","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The integration of teaching subject content along with open and reproducible scholarship sits at the very foundation of this idea as it gives students and aspiring scholars the necessary tools to engage with science-making.","representedInStars":false}
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{"key":"osft-doc-1878/c111","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/0e707bef708a49e5","nativeRecordCid":"c6f5a4bb-0b47-46d4-8a18-223585492145","documentId":"osft-doc-1878","id":"c111","text":"Open teaching initiatives allow a wider variety of societal actors to collaborate and contribute their expertise towards a common goal in science production.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"open teaching initiatives","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Furthermore, open teaching initiatives allow for a wider variety of societal actors—including researchers, citizen scientists, policy makers, businesses, and third sector organizations—to collaborate and contribute their expertise towards a common goal in science production.","representedInStars":true}
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{"key":"osft-doc-1878/c116","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/af848e83231c4bd9","nativeRecordCid":"58960c8a-0c3a-4bb8-9033-e3f31ab9f760","documentId":"osft-doc-1878","id":"c116","text":"Open teaching initiatives improve scientific participation among the lay public.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"open teaching initiatives","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"These initiatives promote greater diversity and democratization of science, and improved scientific literacy, consumption, and participation among the lay public.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1878/c117","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/8760fc03768c4009","nativeRecordCid":"9ccd390c-d6d9-44e1-a6f9-455b17a77d01","documentId":"osft-doc-1878","id":"c117","text":"Open teaching initiatives lead to greater alignment between the scientific process and its outcomes with principled values.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"alignment of scientific process with principled values","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Ultimately, this means greater alignment between the scientific process and its outcomes with principled values, and the needs and expectations of the society.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1878/c118","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/633728f30e774420","nativeRecordCid":"2d48d05e-7bde-4212-bd98-90ec3177ce57","documentId":"osft-doc-1878","id":"c118","text":"Open teaching initiatives lead to greater alignment between the scientific process and its outcomes with the needs and expectations of society.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"alignment of scientific process with societal needs","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Ultimately, this means greater alignment between the scientific process and its outcomes with principled values, and the needs and expectations of the society.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1878/c119","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/f227deac5c1649f5","nativeRecordCid":"c59ffa88-1fed-42aa-82a0-6532579256d2","documentId":"osft-doc-1878","id":"c119","text":"Principled teaching and mentoring is teaching and mentoring that integrates both subject matter and open and reproducible scholarship tenets.","kind":"definitional","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"principled teaching and mentoring","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"In what follows, we advance our ideals about principled teaching and mentoring—that is, teaching and mentoring that integrates both subject matter and open and reproducible scholarship tenets.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1878/c120","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/092fcfb32dc04894","nativeRecordCid":"d23b23fa-5ff9-48a7-afeb-9aec98f52f92","documentId":"osft-doc-1878","id":"c120","text":"Teaching and mentoring have the potential to powerfully motivate positive change.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"teaching and mentoring","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"We argue that teaching and mentoring have the potential to powerfully motivate positive change;","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1878/c121","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/a91ccd4f319d40e3","nativeRecordCid":"1a1b6f7d-b6ff-4271-9083-4d8c76fc744f","documentId":"osft-doc-1878","id":"c121","text":"The facts of science should be taught relative to the process by which those facts were acquired.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"","subject":"teaching of scientific facts","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Principled teaching and mentoring are based on the idea that the facts of science should be taught relative to the process by which those facts were acquired.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1878/c122","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/1b94ffcdae3240ac","nativeRecordCid":"21a9176a-3e1e-4b00-80a1-60b38191b4d5","documentId":"osft-doc-1878","id":"c122","text":"Assessing the quality of scientific findings hinges on research design, measurements and instruments, sampling methods, and representativeness.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"quality of scientific findings","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"This includes the understanding that assessing the quality of scientific findings hinges on research design, measurements and instruments, sampling methods and representativeness.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1878/c123","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/cba793afdbfd47b7","nativeRecordCid":"4875650c-3d54-4c90-a34b-5ebcee5d899d","documentId":"osft-doc-1878","id":"c123","text":"The idea that facts should be taught relative to the process of their acquisition is enshrined at the core of the open scholarship movement, the credibility revolution, open access, and measurement practice reforms.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"idea of teaching facts relative to process","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"This idea is enshrined at the core of the open scholarship movement, the credibility revolution (Vazire, 2018), open access (Nosek, & Bar-Anan, 2012; Tennant et al., 2016), and measurement practice reforms (Flake & Fried, 2020; Parsons et al., 2019).","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1878/c124","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/a91bd0eebff248d1","nativeRecordCid":"43f4e40d-53be-425c-8127-95bb7f782d6f","documentId":"osft-doc-1878","id":"c124","text":"Principled instruction can happen in classroom settings.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"principled instruction","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Principled instruction can happen both in classroom settings (e.g., through courses about open scholarship, or content courses that integrate tenets of open scholarship) as well as through scientific mentorship, as occurs when students are trained in open scholarship practices as part of their own work.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1878/c125","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/971aa625915849d0","nativeRecordCid":"2ead48a2-671b-41fe-9ee7-0bd97eca7094","documentId":"osft-doc-1878","id":"c125","text":"Principled instruction can happen through scientific mentorship.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"principled instruction","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Principled instruction can happen both in classroom settings (e.g., through courses about open scholarship, or content courses that integrate tenets of open scholarship) as well as through scientific mentorship, as occurs when students are trained in open scholarship practices as part of their own work.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1878/c126","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/c2c2ba72dec54974","nativeRecordCid":"3ea1fbe3-7f7e-47d7-9d51-b4c061ab406d","documentId":"osft-doc-1878","id":"c126","text":"Students must be familiar with the notion that scientific claims should be considered in light of epistemic uncertainty.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"students","subject":"students' understanding of epistemic uncertainty","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"To understand and evaluate scientific work, students must first be familiar with the notion that scientific claims should be taken in light of epistemic uncertainty—i.e., the intrinsic incertitude about the validity of claims.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1878/c127","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/03c75ad4617c48ba","nativeRecordCid":"bc58cc7c-e524-4e8d-a25c-22885952f9aa","documentId":"osft-doc-1878","id":"c127","text":"Epistemic uncertainty is the intrinsic incertitude about the validity of claims.","kind":"definitional","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"epistemic uncertainty","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"To understand and evaluate scientific work, students must first be familiar with the notion that scientific claims should be taken in light of epistemic uncertainty—i.e., the intrinsic incertitude about the validity of claims.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1878/c128","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/0ce99ebe9c474725","nativeRecordCid":"7b084573-9954-4f0e-be9e-110fb4bf5798","documentId":"osft-doc-1878","id":"c128","text":"Academics are familiarized with and utilize heuristics in line with epistemic uncertainty, especially when judging the output of each other's work.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"academics","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Typically, academics are familiarized with, and utilize, heuristics in line with epistemic uncertainty, especially when it comes to judging the output of each other’s work.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1878/c129","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/385ea9c5d14b4a9f","nativeRecordCid":"83876bdc-fe11-4c2b-90a9-a57c62b20627","documentId":"osft-doc-1878","id":"c129","text":"Epistemic uncertainty is one key aspect motivating the peer-review system.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"epistemic uncertainty","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Indeed, epistemic uncertainty is one key aspect motivating the peer-review system.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1878/c130","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/f5b8e08abed94800","nativeRecordCid":"74d7237c-4e10-4c3b-bfad-7f918a0f9445","documentId":"osft-doc-1878","id":"c130","text":"Science education would benefit from systematically integrating field content with epistemic uncertainty.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"science education","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"We argue that science education would also benefit from systematically integrating field content with epistemic uncertainty.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1878/c131","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/b61445f37e774d39","nativeRecordCid":"72cae2ae-46bc-45e5-9845-1aea4c029c80","documentId":"osft-doc-1878","id":"c131","text":"Teaching that lacks criticality about the complex and controversial nature of scientific findings teaches students a false sense of certainty about the facts of science, which can be thought of as misleading, if not unethical.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"science education without criticality","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"This has the unfortunate consequence of teaching students a false sense of certainty about ‘the facts’ of science, which can be thought of as misleading, if not unethical (Marks, 2009).","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1878/c132","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/71568624f6c4474f","nativeRecordCid":"4e8aecf5-3129-47e7-8fa1-770e4c053335","documentId":"osft-doc-1878","id":"c132","text":"There is a pervasive belief that statistical analyses give research conclusions a 'seal of objectivity'.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"statistical analyses","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"One conspicuous case of unfounded uncertainty is the pervasive belief that statistical analyses give a ‘seal of objectivity’ to research conclusions, despite the fact that this preconception may be ill-advised (Freese & Peterson, 2018).","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1878/c133","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/8e191fba42dc4184","nativeRecordCid":"7c1fd1fd-f3c6-432f-a66a-99d5854e177a","documentId":"osft-doc-1878","id":"c133","text":"The belief that statistical analyses give research conclusions a 'seal of objectivity' may be ill-advised.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"belief in statistical objectivity","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"One conspicuous case of unfounded uncertainty is the pervasive belief that statistical analyses give a ‘seal of objectivity’ to research conclusions, despite the fact that this preconception may be ill-advised (Freese & Peterson, 2018).","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1878/c134","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/20517cf568c34c34","nativeRecordCid":"2c081f7b-ac7b-4945-9eca-d80c14bb6501","documentId":"osft-doc-1878","id":"c134","text":"Integrating tenets of open scholarship into teaching helps provide students with first-hand practical experience probing the production of knowledge and evaluating it more critically.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"integrating open scholarship into teaching","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Thus, integrating tenets of open scholarship into teaching also helps to provide students with first-hand practical experience with probing the production of knowledge and evaluating it more critically.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1878/c135","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/8a8e122dca864cdd","nativeRecordCid":"226a8c78-aedb-477e-b077-faefe36b62fd","documentId":"osft-doc-1878","id":"c135","text":"The Collaborative Replications and Education Project (CREP) offers students training opportunities to conduct large-scale collaborative replication projects.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"CREP","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"As one of a few examples, the Collaborative Replications and Education Project (CREP; Grahe et al. 2018) offers students training opportunities to conduct large-scale collaborative replication projects, as well as training and support for teachers wishing to guide their students through such research.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1878/c136","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/5bdf9e01d59d4059","nativeRecordCid":"c2fb870c-5faa-448d-a559-ea8b27062112","documentId":"osft-doc-1878","id":"c136","text":"The Collaborative Replications and Education Project (CREP) offers training and support for teachers wishing to guide their students through large-scale collaborative replication research.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"CREP","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"As one of a few examples, the Collaborative Replications and Education Project (CREP; Grahe et al. 2018) offers students training opportunities to conduct large-scale collaborative replication projects, as well as training and support for teachers wishing to guide their students through such research.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1878/c137","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/d97dc2c4448f4810","nativeRecordCid":"bebb2286-7aa4-4e81-9cd4-fa2a84e1b22e","documentId":"osft-doc-1878","id":"c137","text":"Principled education can teach all students, not only those pursuing a career in academia, about the procedures of science and its intricacies.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"principled education","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Principled education can leverage the aforementioned ideals to teach all students—not only those pursuing a career in academia—about the procedures of science and its intricacies alongside offering hands-on experience addressing concepts of reproducibility, replication, pre-registration, and analytical flexibility.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1878/c138","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/a870532df53946d0","nativeRecordCid":"5f3de733-9960-4f1e-83fd-f80e855659d0","documentId":"osft-doc-1878","id":"c138","text":"Principled education can offer hands-on experience addressing concepts of reproducibility, replication, pre-registration, and analytical flexibility.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"principled education","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Principled education can leverage the aforementioned ideals to teach all students—not only those pursuing a career in academia—about the procedures of science and its intricacies alongside offering hands-on experience addressing concepts of reproducibility, replication, pre-registration, and analytical flexibility.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1878/c139","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/fed069756f834748","nativeRecordCid":"617d8ce7-824d-4aed-a082-0c17dceb223b","documentId":"osft-doc-1878","id":"c139","text":"Students benefit from working on tasks addressing the broad range of skills that they will need as professionals.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"students","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"In addition, students also benefit from working on tasks addressing the broad range of skills that they will need as professionals, such as understanding and communicating data insights (collect data or perform experiments), precise and complete record keeping, accurate reporting of results, and a commitment to dissemination.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1878/c140","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/35ba5bbea4c74ed7","nativeRecordCid":"6c496aea-d2d5-4861-a6fe-bcde51d529a6","documentId":"osft-doc-1878","id":"c140","text":"Principled education finds normative support in several social sciences' codes of conduct.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"principled education","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Principled education finds normative support in several social sciences’ codes of conduct—we use psychology as an example but do not intend to limit focus on any particular field.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1878/c141","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/59752ff738924156","nativeRecordCid":"8e2ebb18-20cc-46d2-aa5f-0efb52d47d27","documentId":"osft-doc-1878","id":"c141","text":"A reasonable interpretation of professional codes of conduct involves communicating the possible caveats and uncertainty associated with any scientific work.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"educators","subject":"interpretation of codes of conduct","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Considering the reproducibility crisis, we believe a reasonable interpretation of these guidelines involves communicating the possible caveats and uncertainty associated with any scientific work, and to focus on continuous self-improvement and education as a means to teach effectively.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1878/c142","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/bc6d92b1646848a8","nativeRecordCid":"37518a66-577a-476b-942c-591c3077d4c9","documentId":"osft-doc-1878","id":"c142","text":"A reasonable interpretation of professional codes of conduct involves focusing on continuous self-improvement and education as a means to teach effectively.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"educators","subject":"interpretation of codes of conduct","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Considering the reproducibility crisis, we believe a reasonable interpretation of these guidelines involves communicating the possible caveats and uncertainty associated with any scientific work, and to focus on continuous self-improvement and education as a means to teach effectively.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1878/c143","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/4e4761a34ffe463d","nativeRecordCid":"aaa5f0d2-93cf-4928-8dc6-60b2ec72f0fc","documentId":"osft-doc-1878","id":"c143","text":"The scientific enterprise is a continuous learning process.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"scientific enterprise","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Indeed, the ideas instilled in the APA’s Code of Conduct portray the scientific enterprise as a continuous learning process, whose application in science education contributes to a more realistic portrayal of the subject matter and promoting the curiosity and interest of students about the academic profession.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1878/c144","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/9ba85dfd64c4452a","nativeRecordCid":"2b10ad77-7335-4dc5-892c-2c8c2b4ee1a3","documentId":"osft-doc-1878","id":"c144","text":"Applying the idea of the scientific enterprise as a continuous learning process in science education contributes to a more realistic portrayal of the subject matter.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"science education","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Indeed, the ideas instilled in the APA’s Code of Conduct portray the scientific enterprise as a continuous learning process, whose application in science education contributes to a more realistic portrayal of the subject matter and promoting the curiosity and interest of students about the academic profession.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1878/c145","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/1343e978f3f14429","nativeRecordCid":"a0d8f7b7-6773-4076-aec0-9fa770cbf3f0","documentId":"osft-doc-1878","id":"c145","text":"Applying the idea of the scientific enterprise as a continuous learning process in science education promotes the curiosity and interest of students about the academic profession.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"science education","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Indeed, the ideas instilled in the APA’s Code of Conduct portray the scientific enterprise as a continuous learning process, whose application in science education contributes to a more realistic portrayal of the subject matter and promoting the curiosity and interest of students about the academic profession.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1878/c146","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/1884cdc311904223","nativeRecordCid":"1a8455bb-096a-40d2-81f5-8c7bf83f7d60","documentId":"osft-doc-1878","id":"c146","text":"The current publication culture places a premium on quantity over quality.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"current publication culture","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The first barrier is the current publication culture, which effectively places a premium on quantity over quality and novelty over confirming published findings (Allen & Mehler, 2019; Flier, 2017; Hill & Stein, 2021; Moher et al., 2018; Naudet et al., 2018) and encourages aggressive competition over collaborative teamwork, praising  the individual over the many and varied efforts of a large team.","representedInStars":true}
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{"key":"osft-doc-1878/c148","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/d72f56b6c9344faa","nativeRecordCid":"8c3f2968-9864-4a73-9879-3d5198ed9c29","documentId":"osft-doc-1878","id":"c148","text":"The current publication culture encourages aggressive competition over collaborative teamwork.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"current publication culture","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The first barrier is the current publication culture, which effectively places a premium on quantity over quality and novelty over confirming published findings (Allen & Mehler, 2019; Flier, 2017; Hill & Stein, 2021; Moher et al., 2018; Naudet et al., 2018) and encourages aggressive competition over collaborative teamwork, praising  the individual over the many and varied efforts of a large team.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1878/c149","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/ccfe95c752c340b5","nativeRecordCid":"1f5a1680-e915-4531-9c82-5822761e6bb0","documentId":"osft-doc-1878","id":"c149","text":"The current publication culture praises the individual over the many and varied efforts of a large team.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"current publication culture","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The first barrier is the current publication culture, which effectively places a premium on quantity over quality and novelty over confirming published findings (Allen & Mehler, 2019; Flier, 2017; Hill & Stein, 2021; Moher et al., 2018; Naudet et al., 2018) and encourages aggressive competition over collaborative teamwork, praising  the individual over the many and varied efforts of a large team.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1878/c150","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/eaf2ba34bd4c4211","nativeRecordCid":"bc85f862-634f-4194-9dac-04230c68d87a","documentId":"osft-doc-1878","id":"c150","text":"The current publication culture is antithetical to scientific ideals of cumulative and team science.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"current publication culture","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"This culture—antithetical to scientific ideals of cumulative and team science—naturally informs how students are taught and mentored, thereby entrenching the reluctance of current and future scholars to implement open scholarship practices out of concern that it will hinder their—and their students'—productivity, employability and career progression.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1878/c151","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/3c56f7fb94e044f0","nativeRecordCid":"4a59b554-7441-4954-86c1-5f6862271462","documentId":"osft-doc-1878","id":"c151","text":"The current publication culture informs how students are taught and mentored.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"current publication culture","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"This culture—antithetical to scientific ideals of cumulative and team science—naturally informs how students are taught and mentored, thereby entrenching the reluctance of current and future scholars to implement open scholarship practices out of concern that it will hinder their—and their students'—productivity, employability and career progression.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1878/c152","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/0fc0d1bf366445d4","nativeRecordCid":"2dc264b8-43d4-4b45-b674-c0f83cdb0fb3","documentId":"osft-doc-1878","id":"c152","text":"The current publication culture entrenches the reluctance of current and future scholars to implement open scholarship practices, out of concern that it will hinder their and their students' productivity, employability, and career progression.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"current publication culture","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"This culture—antithetical to scientific ideals of cumulative and team science—naturally informs how students are taught and mentored, thereby entrenching the reluctance of current and future scholars to implement open scholarship practices out of concern that it will hinder their—and their students'—productivity, employability and career progression.","representedInStars":true}
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{"key":"osft-doc-1878/c154","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/a45bf7f8fd8c4703","nativeRecordCid":"0959245d-85c9-4811-b8c6-bf2e665158ff","documentId":"osft-doc-1878","id":"c154","text":"Scholars' professional success is usually measured by publications and grant funding track records.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"scholars' professional success","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"As scholars’ professional success is usually measured by publications and grant funding track records—and a typical academic workload is to teach, to conduct research and write grant applications—teaching can become deprioritized thanks to the competing demands of career progression and mobility in the job market place, both of which rely largely on research and grant-writing productivity.","representedInStars":true}
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{"key":"osft-doc-1878/c157","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/50878003ea90408a","nativeRecordCid":"24fd4853-75c4-4d91-b92f-03e07a5fed43","documentId":"osft-doc-1878","id":"c157","text":"A typical academic workload includes writing grant applications.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"academic workload","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"As scholars’ professional success is usually measured by publications and grant funding track records—and a typical academic workload is to teach, to conduct research and write grant applications—teaching can become deprioritized thanks to the competing demands of career progression and mobility in the job market place, both of which rely largely on research and grant-writing productivity.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1878/c158","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/668e88d5097d4627","nativeRecordCid":"fc8bb084-2361-474a-850d-417395a51014","documentId":"osft-doc-1878","id":"c158","text":"Teaching can become deprioritized due to the competing demands of career progression and mobility in the job marketplace.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"teaching","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"As scholars’ professional success is usually measured by publications and grant funding track records—and a typical academic workload is to teach, to conduct research and write grant applications—teaching can become deprioritized thanks to the competing demands of career progression and mobility in the job market place, both of which rely largely on research and grant-writing productivity.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1878/c159","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/ec3bc39e4eab48ea","nativeRecordCid":"77a19991-854f-47c4-959e-3098b98de339","documentId":"osft-doc-1878","id":"c159","text":"Career progression and mobility in the job marketplace rely largely on research and grant-writing productivity.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"career progression and job mobility","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"As scholars’ professional success is usually measured by publications and grant funding track records—and a typical academic workload is to teach, to conduct research and write grant applications—teaching can become deprioritized thanks to the competing demands of career progression and mobility in the job market place, both of which rely largely on research and grant-writing productivity.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1878/c160","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/53b5309460414f2d","nativeRecordCid":"e53494e7-51eb-40be-8582-3cd7f40edaff","documentId":"osft-doc-1878","id":"c160","text":"Even academics with a teaching-focused role face considerable administrative burden in incorporating open scholarship into pre-existing modules or the pedagogical culture of their institute.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"academics with teaching-focused roles","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Thirdly, even if academics have a teaching-focused role—where there may be less pressure to publish or capture grants for job security—there is considerable administrative burden to incorporating open scholarship into pre-existing modules or pedagogical culture of their institute.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1878/c161","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/874d463bb46640b0","nativeRecordCid":"2fc085dd-a5d1-4926-8a5e-5dc1bd0b1d9a","documentId":"osft-doc-1878","id":"c161","text":"There is no top-down recognition or reward for incorporating open scholarship into teaching, even if the administrative burden of doing so is overcome.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"incorporating open scholarship into teaching","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The issue is compounded by the fact that even if this burden were to be overcome, there is no top-down recognition or reward for doing so, even despite growing evidence that open scholarship enriches the learning experience of students and will inevitably provide a competitive advantage in their future careers in research or research-related job roles.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1878/c162","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/efaaf5c09c1149c5","nativeRecordCid":"0d9f98bc-df53-4c81-84e7-b70b013aeac2","documentId":"osft-doc-1878","id":"c162","text":"Open scholarship enriches the learning experience of students.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"open scholarship","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The issue is compounded by the fact that even if this burden were to be overcome, there is no top-down recognition or reward for doing so, even despite growing evidence that open scholarship enriches the learning experience of students and will inevitably provide a competitive advantage in their future careers in research or research-related job roles.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1878/c163","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/d4b11a180405453d","nativeRecordCid":"80dface9-7dbd-4d6a-bd06-700bcbf7e20e","documentId":"osft-doc-1878","id":"c163","text":"Open scholarship will inevitably provide a competitive advantage in future careers in research or research-related job roles.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"open scholarship","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The issue is compounded by the fact that even if this burden were to be overcome, there is no top-down recognition or reward for doing so, even despite growing evidence that open scholarship enriches the learning experience of students and will inevitably provide a competitive advantage in their future careers in research or research-related job roles.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1878/c164","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/04afb2ca549a4ec9","nativeRecordCid":"f4a33c21-e46b-41fc-a7f6-8105ae7680fb","documentId":"osft-doc-1878","id":"c164","text":"Current incentive structures of academia work against implementing open scholarship practices.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"academic incentive structures","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The current incentive structures of academia can be interpreted as working against both implementing open scholarship practices and changing methods of training to teach students how to use them.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1878/c165","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/6feae7f0a12c4cec","nativeRecordCid":"d64ef9df-5456-49be-9a40-636ff5c0eb21","documentId":"osft-doc-1878","id":"c165","text":"Current incentive structures of academia work against changing methods of training to teach students how to use open scholarship practices.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"academic incentive structures","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The current incentive structures of academia can be interpreted as working against both implementing open scholarship practices and changing methods of training to teach students how to use them.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1878/c166","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/222c0f5d32c6410e","nativeRecordCid":"238ada42-32d3-4bb8-b7bf-4f3afc277714","documentId":"osft-doc-1878","id":"c166","text":"The integration of new research practices into teaching and mentoring may appear to be a substantial task for most researchers and educators given the time constraints they face.","kind":"empirical","modality":"hedged","actor":"","subject":"integration of new research practices into teaching","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Therefore, the integration of new research practices into teaching and mentoring may appear to be a substantial task for most researchers and educators, considering the important time constraints they face.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1878/c167","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/dfc4a3a136dd41e3","nativeRecordCid":"afaf3fd7-54fb-4a8c-b467-e1c1a501f2dd","documentId":"osft-doc-1878","id":"c167","text":"The burden of implementing open-scholarship teaching efforts can be reduced with new and existing initiatives such as open educational resources, massive open online courses, pedagogical communities, and databases of open access materials.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"burden of implementing open-scholarship teaching efforts","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The burden of implementing these efforts can be reduced with new and existing initiatives such as open educational resources (OERs), massive open online courses (MOOCs), pedagogical communities (e.g., FORRT), and databases of open access materials (e.g., under Creative Commons license).","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1878/c168","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/f871ba340fb74d78","nativeRecordCid":"9f1ba01a-44ed-4e92-93ac-ff78f439b732","documentId":"osft-doc-1878","id":"c168","text":"There is a plethora of general and subject-specific infrastructures to achieve open education through new pedagogies.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"infrastructures for open education","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"There is also a plethora of general and subject-specific infrastructures to achieve open education through new pedagogies such as Open Core Courseware, GitHub, and freely available statistical suites such as R-based programming.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1878/c169","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/77bf515e7823404b","nativeRecordCid":"3d6777a4-6fe6-44ac-93ce-147338d2c623","documentId":"osft-doc-1878","id":"c169","text":"The success of open-education initiatives substantially depends on their relative community.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"open-education initiatives","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"A substantial contributor to the success of these initiatives is their relative community.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1878/c170","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/3413cff65b7346f7","nativeRecordCid":"36844651-0845-4a45-9ed4-7b94251f6935","documentId":"osft-doc-1878","id":"c170","text":"Community-based open-education initiatives can be further supported at the institutional level through universities incentivizing the incorporation of open scholarship practices into the curricula.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"community-based open-education initiatives","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"These community-based initiatives can be further supported at the institutional level with universities incentivizing the incorporation of open scholarship practices into the curricula.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1878/c171","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/6b9624db5c914b6a","nativeRecordCid":"e9d54992-fd03-4b22-9912-21bf8ec7444e","documentId":"osft-doc-1878","id":"c171","text":"FORRT is a community-driven, grassroots organization designed by, and envisioned for, educators wishing to integrate their discipline content with open and reproducible scholarship tenets.","kind":"definitional","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"FORRT","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"FORRT is a community-driven, grassroots organization designed by, and envisioned for, educators wishing to integrate their discipline content with open and reproducible scholarship tenets.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1878/c172","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/5ffde0c287a34ad8","nativeRecordCid":"b760df81-f855-442f-b19c-1f6a412e30fd","documentId":"osft-doc-1878","id":"c172","text":"Openness should be considered a normative practice in science.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"","subject":"science","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"We envisage a scientific utopia in which openness, accessibility, inclusivity, and reproducibility are considered normative practices.","representedInStars":true}
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{"key":"osft-doc-1878/c201","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/a6b4fe796d5942bc","nativeRecordCid":"2318787d-d686-4eda-a56e-e7489fe3b110","documentId":"osft-doc-1878","id":"c201","text":"Collecting anonymized information from educators makes it possible to assess and track how much open and reproducible content is being integrated into courses across institutions and countries.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"anonymized educator data","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"By collecting anonymized information from educators, it is possible to assess and track how much open and reproducible content is being integrated into courses across institutions and countries.","representedInStars":true}
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{"key":"osft-doc-1878/c245","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/177cae13630b467d","nativeRecordCid":"21df4492-0abd-431e-ab03-946242b0ad82","documentId":"osft-doc-1878","id":"c245","text":"Developing educational resources is essential to facilitate engagement with, and adherence to, research integrity, transparency, openness, accessibility, replicability and reproducibility.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"","subject":"developing educational resources","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Developing educational resources is essential to facilitate engagement with, and adherence to, research integrity, transparency, openness, accessibility, replicability and reproducibility.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1878/c246","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/ffa909a6bd4348e5","nativeRecordCid":"c301fa2d-c380-49b6-99ac-2ab8e86157f7","documentId":"osft-doc-1878","id":"c246","text":"There is growing awareness of the benefits of training in open scholarship methods within research practices.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"training in open scholarship methods","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Despite the growing awareness of the benefits of training in open scholarship methods within research practices, there remains a lack of systematic incorporation of open scholarship practices in taught courses across higher education.","representedInStars":true}
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{"key":"osft-doc-1878/c267","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/ef346aa91b7e43b1","nativeRecordCid":"62b8a33c-33e5-4e84-a3ac-c55917cc5693","documentId":"osft-doc-1878","id":"c267","text":"FORRT's syllabus builds on FORRT's cluster framework to provide a comprehensive overview of the open scholarship literature.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"FORRT's syllabus","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"In an attempt to provide a comprehensive overview of the open scholarship literature, the syllabus builds on FORRT’s cluster framework.","representedInStars":true}
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{"key":"osft-doc-1878/c275","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/69d73e4971f2432e","nativeRecordCid":"6dac35e0-9b08-4921-bbbb-29cf419d5320","documentId":"osft-doc-1878","id":"c275","text":"FORRT's third prong aims to help modify the academic incentive structure about teaching and mentoring through recognition and commendations of excellent teaching and mentoring.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"FORRT's third prong","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Accordingly, FORRT’s third prong aims to help modify the academic incentive structure about teaching and mentoring through recognition and commendations of excellent teaching and mentoring.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1878/c276","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/7670771ff4e24f97","nativeRecordCid":"e3904156-6003-4e0c-9a9c-827504fe5ffc","documentId":"osft-doc-1878","id":"c276","text":"Principled education refers to pedagogies in teaching or mentoring of open and reproducible principles that have been successfully implemented by scholars and educators of different fields.","kind":"definitional","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"principled education","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The FORRT community is collecting and cataloguing exemplary instances of principled education, that is, pedagogies in teaching or mentoring of open and reproducible principles that have been successfully implemented by scholars and educators of different fields.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1878/c277","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/87abaa780f71498b","nativeRecordCid":"5ac5a38a-eec6-41f4-a521-dfd047f6b09b","documentId":"osft-doc-1878","id":"c277","text":"FORRT's pedagogies encompass reflections on increasing the dissemination, recognition and re-purposefulness of teaching practices and materials.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"FORRT's pedagogies","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"FORRT’s pedagogies encompass reflections on increasing the dissemination, recognition and re-purposefulness of teaching practices and materials,  experiences of adapting courses to incorporate reproducibility and transparency, and perspectives on the social and ethical responsibilities towards teaching open scholarship principles.","representedInStars":false}
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{"key":"osft-doc-1878/c279","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/dd5932b831214db2","nativeRecordCid":"20c5f054-120a-43a8-97a5-5ea21d84ed62","documentId":"osft-doc-1878","id":"c279","text":"FORRT's pedagogies encompass perspectives on the social and ethical responsibilities towards teaching open scholarship principles.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"FORRT's pedagogies","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"FORRT’s pedagogies encompass reflections on increasing the dissemination, recognition and re-purposefulness of teaching practices and materials,  experiences of adapting courses to incorporate reproducibility and transparency, and perspectives on the social and ethical responsibilities towards teaching open scholarship principles.","representedInStars":false}
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{"key":"osft-doc-1878/c282","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/09bb43defd4744c7","nativeRecordCid":"1e4af309-0cb0-4033-9398-ace35ed4c3fe","documentId":"osft-doc-1878","id":"c282","text":"FORRT's pedagogies initiative can contribute to fostering social justice through the opening and democratization of educational resources in the long term.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"FORRT's pedagogies initiative","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Finally, we hope that, in the long term, this initiative can contribute to fostering social justice through the opening and democratization of educational resources.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1878/c283","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/c5081652daef4313","nativeRecordCid":"0d89dc3c-11f7-463c-92e7-4a15831cdfc6","documentId":"osft-doc-1878","id":"c283","text":"FORRT offers a platform where teachers of different fields and disciplines can share their stories, experiences, successes and hardships in implementing principled teaching and mentoring, as well as their educational practices and initiatives.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"FORRT's Educators' Corner","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"To facilitate the exchange between educators, FORRT offers a platform where teachers of different fields and disciplines can share their stories, experiences, successes and hardships in implementing principled teaching and mentoring, as well as their educational practices and initiatives that may be of interest to the open scholarship community.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1878/c284","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/b63135d685b64b8b","nativeRecordCid":"aff3b325-9835-46e2-bbf5-fea6297d4d7e","documentId":"osft-doc-1878","id":"c284","text":"The Educators' Corner aims to recognize the efforts of educators in developing classes, materials, tools and initiatives regarding principled education and social justice in academia.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"Educators' Corner","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Similar to FORRT’s pedagogies, the Educator’s corner aims to recognize the efforts of educators in developing classes, materials, tools and initiatives regarding principled education and social justice in academia.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1878/c285","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/81fa450c38974b17","nativeRecordCid":"f477c561-89ee-4466-84d1-7e9c8e77d158","documentId":"osft-doc-1878","id":"c285","text":"The Educators' Corner can increase the visibility of educators' efforts towards principled education.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"Educators' Corner","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"It is our hope that this virtual space can increase the visibility of educators’ efforts towards principled education, while encouraging them to exchange ideas, learn from each other, and stay up-to-date with best practices regarding open and reproducible teaching and mentoring.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1878/c286","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/72ca0f12b57444b0","nativeRecordCid":"0a003d39-a9df-4432-b8f7-fb1baf9b2438","documentId":"osft-doc-1878","id":"c286","text":"The Educators' Corner encourages educators to exchange ideas, learn from each other, and stay up-to-date with best practices regarding open and reproducible teaching and mentoring.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"Educators' Corner","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"It is our hope that this virtual space can increase the visibility of educators’ efforts towards principled education, while encouraging them to exchange ideas, learn from each other, and stay up-to-date with best practices regarding open and reproducible teaching and mentoring.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1878/c287","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/70addfa66b7a4f71","nativeRecordCid":"a45ad78d-3a7d-4d0c-97b2-f44721e8971d","documentId":"osft-doc-1878","id":"c287","text":"FORRT's open office hours aim to democratize access to open scholarship discussions to anyone in the world wishing to learn, adopt, and disseminate open and reproducible tenets.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"FORRT's open office hours","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The FORRT community periodically holds its open and reproducible scholarship “office hours” in an attempt to democratize access to open scholarship discussions to anyone in the world wishing to learn, adopt, and disseminate open and reproducible tenets.","representedInStars":true}
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{"key":"osft-doc-1878/c294","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/3aa896aa92cb4c43","nativeRecordCid":"d7a973cd-0a10-4ed4-b838-3bd8fe6d56dd","documentId":"osft-doc-1878","id":"c294","text":"Underprivileged and underrepresented minorities who are early-career researchers often suffer significant barriers to their professional development.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"underprivileged and underrepresented early-career researchers","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Underprivileged and underrepresented minorities who are early-career researchers often suffer racism, discrimination and significant barriers to their professional development.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1878/c295","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/bdbdfa1986694b8d","nativeRecordCid":"e63d59ad-bd6a-4f1d-86a1-8b9ffee15178","documentId":"osft-doc-1878","id":"c295","text":"FORRT aims to promote the thriving of underprivileged and underrepresented students, trainees, and early-career scholars by serving as a link between willing mentors and mentees in their engagement with academia and open and reproducible science practices.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"FORRT","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"In an attempt to challenge existing systemic and structural barriers towards a fairer, diverse, equitable, more inclusive, and accessible academia, FORRT aims to promote the thriving of underprivileged and underrepresented students, trainees, and early-career scholars, by serving as a link between willing mentors and mentees in their engagement with academia, its several duties, as well as open and reproducible science practices.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1878/c296","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/678b76b4295048a7","nativeRecordCid":"54210e06-9b01-4b80-85a3-6b684d7d232b","documentId":"osft-doc-1878","id":"c296","text":"FORRT's Support for Underprivileged and Underrepresented Early-Career Scholars initiative works in the same way as FORRT's Remote Mentorship Program but construes mentorship more broadly, extending beyond academic theses to help with other academic tasks.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"FORRT's early-career scholars support initiative","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"This initiative works in the same way as FORRT’s remote mentorship program with the difference that here mentorship is more broadly construed, departing from mentorship in academic theses to help with several other academic tasks (e.g., revision/feedback on application materials, grant/funding proposals, academic writing, research ideas, statistical analyses, etc).","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1878/c297","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/0cb4d73aca0a4aee","nativeRecordCid":"e755ade6-1f7d-42ac-8ed9-423e7a55843f","documentId":"osft-doc-1878","id":"c297","text":"FORRT's goal is to align the ideals of wider discourses around credibility and open science with the practices of day-to-day work of scholars and educators.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"FORRT's goal","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"FORRT’s goal is to align the ideals of wider discourses around credibility and open science with the practices of our day-to-day work as scholars and educators.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1878/c298","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/9775e6a9fe7e4bf8","nativeRecordCid":"12f65b19-2dd5-4392-98fc-f90555dd1da6","documentId":"osft-doc-1878","id":"c298","text":"FORRT works to create widespread individual and institutional buy-in by providing infrastructure, community, and resources that lower the cost for individuals and institutions to pivot from legacy approaches to research training toward more rigorous, open, and reproducible practices.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"FORRT","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"FORRT works to create widespread individual and institutional buy-in by providing infrastructure, community, and resources in a way that lowers the cost for individuals and institutions to pivot away from legacy approaches to research training towards more rigorous, cutting-edge practices that ensure a normalization of more open and reproducible academic research from the bottom up.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1878/c299","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/cad771f2ecc8480f","nativeRecordCid":"8283b5c2-e9cb-471f-84d6-8291964ce97d","documentId":"osft-doc-1878","id":"c299","text":"FORRT fills a niche in the emerging ecology of open scholarship initiatives with its specific targeting.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"FORRT","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"In this way, FORRT fills a niche in the emerging ecology of open scholarship initiatives with its specific targeting.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1878/c300","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/09a87a285ea643b0","nativeRecordCid":"12856cf7-acda-475b-8e42-d45ea6d205a6","documentId":"osft-doc-1878","id":"c300","text":"The TOP Guidelines and other prominent reform efforts such as DORA and the Hong Kong Principles are aimed at the outputs of the academic system on different levels, from individual researchers to institutions like journals, funding bodies, and universities.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"TOP Guidelines, DORA, Hong Kong Principles","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The Transparency and Openness Promotion (TOP) Guidelines (Nosek et al., 2015) as well as other prominent reform efforts in the wider open scholarship space such as the San Francisco Declaration on Research Assessment (DORA; https://sfdora.org/) and the Hong Kong Principles for assessing researchers (Moher et al., 2020) are aimed at the outputs of the academic system on different levels, from individual researchers to institutions like journals, funding bodies, and universities.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1878/c301","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/3671a87fefc54079","nativeRecordCid":"55742e97-6e45-416e-a9eb-a6ac408d2a83","documentId":"osft-doc-1878","id":"c301","text":"FORRT aims to improve how research is conducted.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"FORRT","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"FORRT aims to target these different levels of the academic system, focusing on the input: improving how research is conducted and how it is taught and diversifying those who learn from it.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1878/c302","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/671cbb46e4994489","nativeRecordCid":"cd49085b-471e-4d89-8173-6c2cdc51c476","documentId":"osft-doc-1878","id":"c302","text":"FORRT aims to improve how research is taught.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"FORRT","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"FORRT aims to target these different levels of the academic system, focusing on the input: improving how research is conducted and how it is taught and diversifying those who learn from it.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1878/c303","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/67a341dfc91344a6","nativeRecordCid":"46e755c5-583c-4319-914d-bad0cdd5863d","documentId":"osft-doc-1878","id":"c303","text":"FORRT aims to diversify those who learn from research.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"FORRT","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"FORRT aims to target these different levels of the academic system, focusing on the input: improving how research is conducted and how it is taught and diversifying those who learn from it.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1878/c304","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/5833753ebbbf4afc","nativeRecordCid":"ce958e81-50e4-4d13-9ec4-f3e15edeb022","documentId":"osft-doc-1878","id":"c304","text":"FORRT's focus on teaching and education corresponds to a ground-level approach to open scholarship reform, whereas most existing initiatives aim at structural or systemic aspects of academic work.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"FORRT's focus on teaching and education","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"In this sense, FORRT’s focus on teaching and education corresponds to a ground-level approach to open scholarship reform where most existing initiatives aim at structural or systemic aspects of academic work.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1878/c305","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/c9f48595d5444927","nativeRecordCid":"312745a6-4438-43c1-9b15-87a1d29013ab","documentId":"osft-doc-1878","id":"c305","text":"The TOP Guidelines, DORA, the Hong Kong Principles and other such initiatives incentivize open and reproducible research practices by providing standards for evaluating and rewarding research outcomes.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"TOP Guidelines, DORA, Hong Kong Principles","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"In addition, the TOP Guidelines, DORA, the Hong Kong Principles and other such initiatives incentivize open and reproducible research practices by providing standards for evaluating and rewarding research outcomes.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1878/c306","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/c149e2720ba44156","nativeRecordCid":"58eb68c3-b4f9-4592-acd7-87dc132e450c","documentId":"osft-doc-1878","id":"c306","text":"Journals, funders, and academic institutions put in place policies and infrastructures to improve research practices.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"journals, funders, academic institutions","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"While journals, funders, and academic institutions put in place policies and infrastructures to improve research practices, changes to the practices of individual researchers are needed to remain up-to-date with these advancements and meet improved standards of open, transparent, and reproducible research.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1878/c307","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/db4dcc5743f04a9c","nativeRecordCid":"2f96b447-be5c-4bd5-9e70-25a95a97900c","documentId":"osft-doc-1878","id":"c307","text":"Changes to the practices of individual researchers are needed to remain up-to-date with advancements and meet improved standards of open, transparent, and reproducible research.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"individual researchers","subject":"individual researchers' practices","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"While journals, funders, and academic institutions put in place policies and infrastructures to improve research practices, changes to the practices of individual researchers are needed to remain up-to-date with these advancements and meet improved standards of open, transparent, and reproducible research.","representedInStars":true}
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{"key":"osft-doc-1940/c1","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/385dae56e9e84a55","nativeRecordCid":"50eb58ab-c737-4a22-9091-d218392f87e8","documentId":"osft-doc-1940","id":"c1","text":"The FAIR principles emphasise machine-actionability.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"FAIR principles","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The principles emphasise machine-actionability (i.e., the capacity of computational systems to find, access, interoperate, and reuse data with none or minimal human intervention) because humans increasingly rely on computational support to deal with data as a result of the increase in volume, complexity, and creation speed of data.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1940/c2","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/7da6048665f04909","nativeRecordCid":"484b4792-ab85-477e-a9a2-669ba4fec002","documentId":"osft-doc-1940","id":"c2","text":"Machine-actionability means the capacity of computational systems to find, access, interoperate, and reuse data with none or minimal human intervention.","kind":"definitional","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"machine-actionability","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The principles emphasise machine-actionability (i.e., the capacity of computational systems to find, access, interoperate, and reuse data with none or minimal human intervention) because humans increasingly rely on computational support to deal with data as a result of the increase in volume, complexity, and creation speed of data.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1940/c3","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/fe0d9721b7c24fa1","nativeRecordCid":"7c54dd51-ea27-46d3-b2f4-51837fd8a9bf","documentId":"osft-doc-1940","id":"c3","text":"Humans increasingly rely on computational support to deal with data.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"humans","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The principles emphasise machine-actionability (i.e., the capacity of computational systems to find, access, interoperate, and reuse data with none or minimal human intervention) because humans increasingly rely on computational support to deal with data as a result of the increase in volume, complexity, and creation speed of data.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1940/c4","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/f3959b60be124f62","nativeRecordCid":"611fda02-e821-4843-a6c7-76914b51e47a","documentId":"osft-doc-1940","id":"c4","text":"The volume, complexity, and creation speed of data have increased.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"data","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The principles emphasise machine-actionability (i.e., the capacity of computational systems to find, access, interoperate, and reuse data with none or minimal human intervention) because humans increasingly rely on computational support to deal with data as a result of the increase in volume, complexity, and creation speed of data.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1940/c5","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/a272245a649f48c3","nativeRecordCid":"3d574bac-e451-4835-a4ff-71d255d973b3","documentId":"osft-doc-1940","id":"c5","text":"The first step in (re)using data is to find them.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"(re)using data","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The first step in (re)using data is to find them.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1940/c6","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/0383e1270fbf4f8b","nativeRecordCid":"45f0bb7a-bbd8-4aa0-9a42-677b8d7286d9","documentId":"osft-doc-1940","id":"c6","text":"Metadata and data should be easy to find for both humans and computers.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"","subject":"metadata and data","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Metadata and data should be easy to find for both humans and computers.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1940/c7","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/8a2f42cd6ca64816","nativeRecordCid":"90fb0663-e847-4f3f-8c02-8aff3d4654b9","documentId":"osft-doc-1940","id":"c7","text":"Machine-readable metadata are essential for automatic discovery of datasets and services.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"","subject":"machine-readable metadata","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Machine-readable metadata are essential for automatic discovery of datasets and services, so this is an essential component of the\nFAIRification process\n.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1940/c8","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/8b34a9a6f7af4635","nativeRecordCid":"43ed7e4b-3fa4-4618-8123-1192d5800632","documentId":"osft-doc-1940","id":"c8","text":"Machine-readable metadata are an essential component of the FAIRification process.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"","subject":"machine-readable metadata","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Machine-readable metadata are essential for automatic discovery of datasets and services, so this is an essential component of the\nFAIRification process\n.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1940/c9","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/3ed7a1ab53994609","nativeRecordCid":"6eb59539-da83-442e-aed4-dfb2b57c09f0","documentId":"osft-doc-1940","id":"c9","text":"(Meta)data are assigned a globally unique and persistent identifier.","kind":"definitional","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"findable (meta)data","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"F1\n. (Meta)data are assigned a globally unique and persistent identifier","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1940/c10","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/9049ba943d3e4b67","nativeRecordCid":"9f3148e8-4d8d-4c46-b4a9-e2a2f513c176","documentId":"osft-doc-1940","id":"c10","text":"Data are described with rich metadata, as defined by R1.","kind":"definitional","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"data","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"F2\n. Data are described with rich metadata (defined by R1 below)","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1940/c11","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/4d3197c918264944","nativeRecordCid":"4ca9162c-bf2c-47c1-866d-4de85036a88a","documentId":"osft-doc-1940","id":"c11","text":"Metadata clearly and explicitly include the identifier of the data they describe.","kind":"definitional","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"metadata","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"F3\n. Metadata clearly and explicitly include the identifier of the data they describe","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1940/c12","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/467f49903cb24812","nativeRecordCid":"83fc3f30-8a7d-4273-a83a-51d80613c035","documentId":"osft-doc-1940","id":"c12","text":"(Meta)data are registered or indexed in a searchable resource.","kind":"definitional","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"(meta)data","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"F4\n. (Meta)data are registered or indexed in a searchable resource","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1940/c13","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/84127390bcea433c","nativeRecordCid":"1ce3d4cd-0b30-4b21-a518-5d3ee17ead20","documentId":"osft-doc-1940","id":"c13","text":"After finding the required data, users need to know how the data can be accessed, possibly including authentication and authorisation.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"users","subject":"data access","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"Once the user finds the required data, she/he/they need to know how they can be accessed, possibly including authentication and authorisation.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1940/c14","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/0d5b42bfbad649c1","nativeRecordCid":"6457e0ae-d547-4edf-b5cf-a9197d56fe84","documentId":"osft-doc-1940","id":"c14","text":"(Meta)data are retrievable by their identifier using a standardised communications protocol.","kind":"definitional","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"(meta)data","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"A1\n. (Meta)data are retrievable by their identifier using a standardised communications protocol","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1940/c15","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/3981c0a5159e4b91","nativeRecordCid":"87062df0-c1ff-4f7c-9c1c-fba6269710f7","documentId":"osft-doc-1940","id":"c15","text":"The protocol used to retrieve (meta)data is open, free, and universally implementable.","kind":"definitional","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"the communications protocol","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"A1.1\nThe protocol is open, free, and universally implementable","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1940/c16","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/be182c790c184be5","nativeRecordCid":"fe31c8ea-a183-4c02-ad4b-ca4532e2cc81","documentId":"osft-doc-1940","id":"c16","text":"The protocol allows for an authentication and authorisation procedure, where necessary.","kind":"definitional","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"the communications protocol","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"A1.2\nThe protocol allows for an authentication and authorisation procedure, where necessary","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1940/c17","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/8c6075c68a804c1b","nativeRecordCid":"7ec2e30a-11a4-49cf-b21b-acbd9dbc007d","documentId":"osft-doc-1940","id":"c17","text":"Metadata are accessible even when the data are no longer available.","kind":"definitional","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"metadata","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"A2\n. Metadata are accessible, even when the data are no longer available","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1940/c18","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/806198fba68a44a3","nativeRecordCid":"c6eefd8e-07d8-4bc5-ad35-373a6c7ee721","documentId":"osft-doc-1940","id":"c18","text":"Data need to be integrated with other data.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"","subject":"data","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The data usually need to be integrated with other data.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1940/c19","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/ad568e112a094dfe","nativeRecordCid":"7b64e9ab-b955-463f-ae8f-5a35fd929432","documentId":"osft-doc-1940","id":"c19","text":"Data need to interoperate with applications or workflows for analysis, storage, and processing.","kind":"normative","modality":"must","actor":"","subject":"data","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"In addition, the data need to interoperate with applications or workflows for analysis, storage, and processing.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1940/c20","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/295fdebcc78e4f92","nativeRecordCid":"b8ae641e-4ace-4634-9a49-682e7ef226b1","documentId":"osft-doc-1940","id":"c20","text":"(Meta)data use a formal, accessible, shared, and broadly applicable language for knowledge representation.","kind":"definitional","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"(meta)data","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"I1\n. (Meta)data use a formal, accessible, shared, and broadly applicable language for knowledge representation.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1940/c21","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/d2d10755ff8d4fb4","nativeRecordCid":"a106a2c3-0a92-42d9-9804-e65525a22797","documentId":"osft-doc-1940","id":"c21","text":"(Meta)data use vocabularies that follow FAIR principles.","kind":"definitional","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"(meta)data","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"I2\n. (Meta)data use vocabularies that follow FAIR principles","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1940/c22","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/2136f94d63c54114","nativeRecordCid":"341317f5-f8a3-4ce8-8b75-76ab81e8a0ad","documentId":"osft-doc-1940","id":"c22","text":"(Meta)data include qualified references to other (meta)data.","kind":"definitional","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"(meta)data","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"I3\n. (Meta)data include qualified references to other (meta)data","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1940/c23","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/af5640720c19481d","nativeRecordCid":"f19ed2ac-8579-49ef-973f-509cd0be337d","documentId":"osft-doc-1940","id":"c23","text":"The ultimate goal of FAIR is to optimise the reuse of data.","kind":"empirical","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"FAIR","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The ultimate goal of FAIR is to optimise the reuse of data.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1940/c24","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/84b81d21757a438c","nativeRecordCid":"d40a41ce-870a-4a96-b3ee-41918a6ecef8","documentId":"osft-doc-1940","id":"c24","text":"Metadata and data should be well-described so that they can be replicated and/or combined in different settings.","kind":"normative","modality":"should","actor":"","subject":"metadata and data","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"To achieve this, metadata and data should be well-described so that they can be replicated and/or combined in different settings.","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1940/c25","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/b25e84119351457c","nativeRecordCid":"4f197f8b-3b5d-4680-a67e-a72984dd70d3","documentId":"osft-doc-1940","id":"c25","text":"(Meta)data are richly described with a plurality of accurate and relevant attributes.","kind":"definitional","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"(meta)data","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"R1\n. (Meta)data are richly described with a plurality of accurate and relevant attributes","representedInStars":true}
{"key":"osft-doc-1940/c26","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/0e652705307a4631","nativeRecordCid":"c6aad233-c8a5-4f11-856a-06e3373b62ec","documentId":"osft-doc-1940","id":"c26","text":"(Meta)data are released with a clear and accessible data usage license.","kind":"definitional","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"(meta)data","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"R1.1\n. (Meta)data are released with a clear and accessible data usage license","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1940/c27","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/b910a97c76604d36","nativeRecordCid":"5ed9e6e9-a2be-4a39-9da6-6ee4de62ed5a","documentId":"osft-doc-1940","id":"c27","text":"(Meta)data are associated with detailed provenance.","kind":"definitional","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"(meta)data","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"R1.2\n. (Meta)data are associated with detailed provenance","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1940/c28","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/d1c5a01f18824bea","nativeRecordCid":"0ac2bea6-a2c0-4aa5-a406-b0549fb537b5","documentId":"osft-doc-1940","id":"c28","text":"(Meta)data meet domain-relevant community standards.","kind":"definitional","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"(meta)data","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"R1.3\n. (Meta)data meet domain-relevant community standards","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1940/c29","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/98f463a520e04660","nativeRecordCid":"853d0f4e-e125-436b-a9d9-2b1182080a9a","documentId":"osft-doc-1940","id":"c29","text":"The FAIR principles refer to data, defined as any digital object, as one type of entity.","kind":"definitional","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"data","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The principles refer to three types of entities: data (or any digital object), metadata (information about that digital object), and infrastructure.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1940/c30","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/6aac20d544eb40f0","nativeRecordCid":"976c0008-a460-4c3f-8750-5978941eabe4","documentId":"osft-doc-1940","id":"c30","text":"The FAIR principles refer to metadata, defined as information about a digital object, as one type of entity.","kind":"definitional","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"metadata","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The principles refer to three types of entities: data (or any digital object), metadata (information about that digital object), and infrastructure.","representedInStars":false}
{"key":"osft-doc-1940/c31","nativeRecordUri":"at://workshop-aee78949-d4f7-470c-9cce-16849f51aa11/tech.scios.rrgi.claim/fe4fb61862944aaf","nativeRecordCid":"d1b9cf07-7cc7-44ed-8043-3b8ebce77774","documentId":"osft-doc-1940","id":"c31","text":"The FAIR principles refer to infrastructure as one type of entity.","kind":"definitional","modality":"asserts","actor":"","subject":"infrastructure","epistemicStatus":"claim","anchor":"The principles refer to three types of entities: data (or any digital object), metadata (information about that digital object), and infrastructure.","representedInStars":false}